The Sun.
London, England, 1861-07-25 00:00:00

THE SUN, LONDON, THURSDAY EVENING, JULY 25, 1861:

if possible, with greater favour than its predeces-
sor Next, in point of precedence, came a con-
tingent of the 2d South Middlesex Lord
Ranelagh's well-known regiment, the desire for
whose presence on occasions of this kind has certainly
suffered no diminution since the great success of one
of its members in the Wimbledon contest. They
marched past the Commander-in-Chief in perfect
line, with a swift, crisp step, and the precision of
their movements was rendered more conspicuous
from the fact of their being nearly the only gaitered
corps upon the ground. One entire brigade com-
posed of Volunteers from Stafford, with a bluish-
slate coloured uniform, having experienced a flatter-
ing reception ; the attention of the spectators was
next fixed upon the Bristol corps, in which marched
Mr. Gibbs and Mr. Bingham, the former the winner
of the Rifle Derby, and the latter next in point of
merit to Mr. Jopling, for the Queen's prize. The
appearance and efficiency of the corps were such as
might have been anticipated from the representa-
tives which it sent forward ; bat that from Notting-
ham, which marched in the same brigade, com-
pletely eclipsed the others, and will take rank
henceforward, if it has not already done so, as one
of the best and most formidable units in the Volun-
teer army of England. The Leicester, Shropshire,
and Worcester corps upheld the fame of their re-
spective counties, and, the marching past havinr,
concluded, the original line was re-formed, and thee
manoeuvres in the programme were about to be pro-
ceeded with under cheering prospects of improve-
ment in the weather. But at this point the British
public executed a manceuvre of its own, completely
outflanking the Leicestershire Yeomanry, to whom
the duty of keeping the ground was intrusted,
and pushed its advantage till it penetrated be-
tween the squares which the Volunteers were
engaged in forming. But there were too able
tacticians among the brilliant Staff by whom
the Duke was surrounded to permit this forward
movement to be attended with any permanent
results. The public soon found themselves sur-
rounded, cut off from their supports, and vari-
ously discomfited, so that they were glad to beat
a retreat, and submit to be watched again by
vedettes of Yeomanry Cavalry. The Warwickshire
Volunteers were then thrown out as skirmishers,
and, under cover of their fire, the whole line retired
in a direct echellon of battalions, halted, formed
battalion squares on the leading companies of bat-
talions, and prepared for cavalry. File firing
commenced from the right and left face, after which
the kneeling ranks fired a volley. The troops sub-
sequently re-formed columns, with skirmishers
firing, re-formed lines of contiguous columns on a
centre battalion, fired in line, advanced, and fired
again in line, with other movements, in addition
to those contemplated in the official programme.
The firing at first was somewhat tardy and un-
steady, but before the evolutions concluded some
startling volleys were delivered by the corps, which
echoed like angry peals of thunder through the
,own.

At the close of the proceedings the mounted
officers were called forward and briefly addressed
by the Duke of Cambridge, who, on leaving the
ground, was saluted with a hearty cheer from the
whole of the troops, which was echoed with good
will by the spectators.
During the latter portion of the afternoon the
rain bleared off, and the lookers-on derived much
enjoyment from the scene.
It would be idle to attempt to give a list of names
where the assembly was to be reckoned by thousands,
and where the spectators in uniform seemed almost
to equal in number the Volunteers under arms. As
far as the eye could reach it rested upon a gay and
goodly company, and but one long and empty range
of seats—vacantly glaring like the skeleton at a
feast—showed where severe weather or high prices
had exercised a prohibitory influence.
Prior to the review, the Earl of Warwick threw
open his Castle and grounds to all Volunteers in
uniform, the liberality of this act being enhanced
by the fact that in the modernized portions
of the building a very numerous and distin-
guished party of guests is staying. The opportunity
thus afforded was improved by nearly all who had
the good fortune to reach Warwick in sufficient
time, as a natural anxiety was felt to make acquaint-
ance with the interior of an edifice which forms one
of the few remaining links, spared by the fury of
the civil wars, to connect us with that baronial
age, of which an Earl of Warwick was the last
and greatest ornament.

STATE OF NAPLES.

A letter from Naples, dated July 17, says :—lt
will, I know, be denied, nevertheless I have no hesi-
tation in saying, that the feeling in Southern Italy
towards the central Government is increasingly
hostile. I havemany means of feeling the popular
pulse and know pretty well how it beats, and I re-
peat that the malady, if not of actual disloyalty, at
all events of diappointment, disinclination, hesita-
tion, increases and I believe that if the plebiscite
were again to be taken, and taken fairly, it would
not be favourable to the Government of Victor Em-
manuel. I am fully aware of the responsibility I
incur in giving expression to such an opinion, never-
theless I am confident it is true ; and if it be the
fact as I state it the public weal requires that it
should be made known. My object in giving pub-
licity to such an opinion is, of course, very far from
a wish to see that wretched Government restored
which has made the people what they are, but to
lead. to a minuter investigation of the causes which
have led to so deplorable a result as that of which I
complain. There is too much reason to believe that
the central Government has been living on the capi-
tal it has already acquired in the glorious reputa-
tion for loyalty which Victor Emmanuel un-
doubtedly possesses—on good intentions and grand
aspirations, for beyond promises and decrees very
little has as yet been done for the South of Italy,
and socially speaking it is in a much worse state
now than it was a year ago. Error after error has
been committed, and for some time even personal
security has been without those guarantees which
are the indications of a strong and vigilant Govern-
ment. I was yesterday in company with some
very sincere Liberals who had just been visited
by some Calabrese. The latter had been com-
plaining of the dangers to which they were ex-
posed in their province ; brigandage was rapidly
on the increase, and provisional Governments, in
the name of the Bourbons, were formed in several
places. They had received letters that morning, and
I know that they were taken to General Cialdini for
his perusal. It was proposed in my hearing to
establish provisional Governments in the name of
the Liberals for self-defence, since the Government
had appeared to leave everything in abandonment,
a proposition, by the by, most dangerous in prin-
ciple, and not at all likely to be carried out ; but
the very discussion of such a project showed distrust
and disappointment and a state of feeling little as-
suring for the peace and unity of the country. I was
interested, too, in meeting a gentleman from Avel-
lino, who as one of the National Guard had done
good service against the reactionists. I congratula-
ted him on the restored tranquillity of his district,
and received for a reply that there was still a very

six.

uneasy feeling. " But two bands," I observed,
" according to the Official Journal, have just sur-
rendered at discretion." " They were only a few
canaglia of the neighbourhood who had joined the
bands, and who, being, now without the means
of subsistence, had given themselves up. As for the
bands themselves, they had been neither cut up nor
dispersed, but had retired on the advance of the
troops and had got clear off." I may have been
deceived, but such is the intelligence which I
received from persons who had come from the dis-
tricts which had been so cruelly harassed. He con-
firmed the fact to which I alluded in my letter of
last Sunday, that one house had been burnt
with 80 persons in it, Liberals who were fighting
in defence of their country. Now, I have good
reason for asserting that in the month of April
last the state of the province was laid before
Cavaliere Nigro, and arms were demanded for the
National Guard. After a month's silence the
urgency of the case was admitted, and an order
given to send the arms, but the order was never
executed, and the neighbourhood was consequently
reduced to a kind of shambles about ten days since.
These are facts which cannot b 3 denied, and they
produce the worst effects in the minds of those to
whom the Government must in an especial manner
look for support. The frequent changes, too, which
have taken place in the rulers of the South of Italy ;
the trials of different systems, the issuing of orders
and their speedy reversal, have created for the Go-
vernment a character for weakness and vacillation.
Pallavicini, Farini, Prince Carignano, San Martino,
and even Ciaklini have glided before the public eye
like so many phantoms without remaining suffi-
ciently long to leave any impression behind. Either
they will be chosen in the first instance, or they will
be removed with imprudent haste, but in the per-
sonnel, as well as in many of the changes proposed,
an ignorance has been displayed of the genius of
the people as well as of the necessities of the coun-
try. The consequence is that a very vain and
impracticable people have been disappointed and
have become distrustful.
Cialdini is now here as Lieutenant-Governor,
with Coant Pinelli as his adlatus, for the manage-
meat of the civil administration of the country. I
know nothing of Count Pinelli, but it has produced
a disagreeable impression that he is only remem-
bered as having been the Secretary of the Duehess
of Parna. He may be an excellent choice, but time
alone can show it ; meantime his former connexions
are much criticised. Considerable efforts are being
made to organise the corps francs, or rather to
mobilise the National Guards, and their ranks
have been increased, I hear, by the enrolment
of many of the Garibaldini, who have been hang-
ing about without employment, and in a state of
great destitution. The Official Journal of last night
informs us that 30 of the disbanded soldiers had been
arrested near Pizzo, and that the brigands in the
neighbourhood of San Nicola dell' Alto had been
repulsed, thus liberating the communes of Strongoli
and Casabina. Order, too, had been restored in
Cotrone, Savelli, Bona, and Spinelli. The details
I do not know, but the restoration of order has
been a phrase in common use for some time.
The Exmouth, Capt. Paynter, made her appear-
ance in Castellamare yesterday morning, and put
to sea almost immediately for another short cruise
until Saturday next, when she will return.
I cannot close this letter without again adverting
to the topics which I introduced at the beginning.
At present Naples is an embarrassment for Italy,
and when a struggle comes, as come it will for the
rest of the peninsula, Naples will be something
worse than a dead weight, unless very material
changes for the better take place. I do not believe
it to be the wish or the policy of those who direct
the reaction, whether in Rome, Vienna, or else-
where, to promote anything like general action.
All that they care for is to irritate and make the
tepid and the unreasoning Liberals look about and
exclaim, " What have we gained ?" And hitherto
the policy has worked well for them. It is most
unwise to consider that. Southern Italy, by a kind of
natural attraction and cohesion, is ready to fall into
the general mass ; the principle of repulsion rather
prevails, and it must be shown to the Neapolitans,
by prompt and wise action, that everything is to be
gained by a compact union with the rest of Italy.
As yet the majority are not persuaded of this.
I send you an Order of the Day, published by
Cialdini, and which at this moment will have a
certain interest:—
" Soldiers,--The Government of the King has
been pleased to confide to me the command of this
6th Corps, the fatigues, the services, and self denial
of which I have long applauded. I am rejoiced to
unite my labours with yours, and I hope that we
shall succeed in restoring calm to this most
beautiful part of Italy, and to purge it of the
bands of assassins which infest it; and we shall
succeed by associating with us the popular and
liberal element of the country, a support
which will not fail us, because confidently asked
for and gratefully accepted by me. You know
that difficulties do not alarm me, and that energy
does not fail me. I know of what valour and
constancy you arc capable. To arms, then, with
full confideace! Fortune smiles on those who
fight for their country and their liberty.
" CIALDINI, General of the Army.
I conclude my letter with a report of a murder
walhlyi etc;
distressing
s placeing
character,yeste rd a
aonfd
"
There have fo r
con-
nected with it go far a
thmeoredetthaailns usu-
fndtihees country,
nn reyn,
generally to confirm my description
of the •
here '
dstesmo nniitns eed sbteaetne ob
who, even in the city, have visited persons
and demanded sums of money with threats. The
object alleged
was political, and much money has
been extorted
in this way. It was only last
week that some of these fellows went to a gentle-
man iu Naples and demanded 2,000 ducats. Af-

fecting compliance, he went into an inner room,
and returned immediately with two revolvers,
and, threatening to shoot the first who moved, he
called for the National Guard and arrested them.
One of these men, who has a shop near the To-
ledo, was arrested by the Commissioner of Police,
under orders from Spaventa, a few days since.
The brother of the man laid in wait for the Com-
missioner, and yesterday, at half-past five o'clock
in the afternoon, in one of the most. frequented 1
parts of the city, struck him behind the ear with
a knife. The poor fellow died a few minutes
after he had been taken to the hospital.
The women in the street shrieked, but no at-
tempt was made to arrest the man, and it was not
until this morning that the police had hold of him.
This assassination has excited much indignation, for
the victim was a man much esteemed—an exile
for 12 years ; he was in the service of Garibaldi, to
whom he must be known, and now he has fallen by
the knife. Any one who visited the Hospital of the
Pellegrini yesterday would have seen the bodies of
four murdered men, but I am told that there were

These facts may be pooh-poohed, and such cases,
I may be told, occur in London continually; but I
have had to chronicle such facts for many months,
and for the city of Naples only, while justice has
faltered in its duty, and mildness and conciliation
have been the order of the day. It is no longer
liberty they cry, but security for person and pro.
perty. Of the former there is enough and to spare ;
but of what value is it when brigandage harasses
the country districts, and the knife of the assassin
is ever ready to strike in the city ?