The Sun.
London, England, 1859-01-03 00:00:00

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xis place, that were it

rent year will not show
appalling numbers. Imagine,
ribaldry and debauchery, fed
beer-shops, day after day, nigh
and frightful action. I protet
own judicial experience in thi
not for drain-shops and houses of c my office
of Recorder would be almost a,sinecure, and that
bar would be as empty as it is at this moment, and
your gaol, comparatively speaking, deserted. But,
gentlemen, while we condemn and abhor those who

frequent, and who keep, these haunts of infernal
infamy—let me ask whether the cause, to which I
have adverted, does not largely contribute to the
evil ? I mean a home made so hateful by squalid
filth, poverty, and want—absolutely forcing. im-
morality and crime on the wretched inmates—that
anything is prefeTable to it ; and whether large
allowances should not be made by a wise humanity ?
But, gentlemen, how very ea .w it is to talk in this
way—to talk sincerely, and listen earnestly, and
with a sense of conviction, too ; and then think no
more of it, and do nothing ; but in due time, be
ready again to talk, again to listen, and again to d 3
nothing ; till towards, or at, the end of life, a
sudden appalling scene of neglected opportunity—
afkn tool ebtc corroborates
observationsmtee
whole life-time's opportunity neglected—rises up
w
too late !
eGeacaeenlsidiestii:tteyinole.
before the departing spirit—but, alas ! then,
con-
siderations to you. The depositions have been
titdehne
tttitir
truth
teo\hvn which
this
of the causes and sources of crime. Gmtle-
men, before I dismiss you to your duties, I must say
provestb if sore session's
theme
that the retrospect of the last year is not cheering,
with one exception—l mean the retrospect alone
with which we are here concerned as adminis-
trators of justice. We see the aspect of the last
twelve months discoloured and blackened b. y com-
mercial frauds of the deepest dye, covering not.
their illiterate and ignorant but thar well-educated
and well-to-do perpetrators with infamy, and scat-
tering destruction far dnd wide on their innocent
victims and unsuspecting dupes. Oh ! gentlemen,
what are the petty frauds and wrongs with which
we have here mostly to deal, yet in respect of which
we brand the culprit with the blighting imprint of
" felon," compared with those monstrous and atro-
cious systems of villany which will make this year
1838 close with gloom, mid misery, and ruin, to so
many who little expected it at the bright opening
of the year? And I must add that another dread-
ful characteristic of the year, in our retrospect, is
the prevalence of crimes of violence and murder ;
but upon them I will not dwell, for I wish to recur,
in conclusion, to the exception—the one bright
spot in the darkness—to which I just now alluded:
I mean the steady success of the reformatory system.
I, for one, am watching it closely and calmly, de-
precating over-sanguineness and spurious senti-
mentality as strongly as any one can, and greatly
grieved to see any tendency to exaggerate success,
and _under-estimate difficulties. Gentlemen,
it 14 a very great experiment which we are trying
—trying with general prudence and energy ; and
as far as I can obtain trustworthy iY.formation, I
verily believe that the experiment is succeeding,
and will succeed more and more as it is appreciated
and persevered with; and of this I can assure you
that our own criminal statistics afford striking and
conclusive evidence. If we meet again this time
next year, may I be able to speak and you to hear
on this subject with still greater satisfaction and
exultation. Gentlemen, I feel it my duty to make
charges of this kind to you, because I believe them
calculated—as they are intended—to ;et gentlemen
in your responsible position thinking, then acting,
perseveringly and successfully.
EXECUTION AT LIVERPOOL.

LIVERPOOL, SATURDAY.
At noon this day Henry Reid, aged 38, was exe-
cuted at Kirkdale Gaol, for strangling his wife,
Susannah Reid, at Manchester, on -the 23d Sept.
last.

The unhappy man had passed the period since
his sentence in calm and reflective quiet, awaiting
his fate with resignation, and not buoyed up with
the hope of mercy. Although not an educated, still
he was not an uninformed man. He was not, how-
ever, a man of active intellect, and his conduct
since his sentence had been that of passive and
patient docility.
Although the rain had kept off during the morn-
ing, and it was wet only under foot, the event did
not prove so attractive as previous executions have
done. Calcraft arrived at the gaol in the forenoon.
He seemed pretty well in health, and quite cairn
and cool in demeanour. About 11 o'clock he took a
walk out with one of the officials of the prison, and
went to an adjoining public-house, where he re-
quested that dinner might be ready for him at one
o'clock.

The crowd were on the whole exceedingly orderly
and there wad, generally speaking, an absence of
those indecorous scenes so frequently witnessed.
The number of persons on the ground was about
3,000. At 12 o'clock Calcraft and the culprit made
their appearance upon the scaffold. The execu-
tioner was dressed in black. He held the rope in
one hand and the white cap in the other. Reid was
florid in the face, but appeared to maintain his firm-
ness. None of the other officials were seen from
the outside, but the voice of the chaplain could be
heard repeating the prayers used en such occasions.
Ca'craft placed the cap over the culprit's head, ad-
justed the rope, shook hands with the prisoner,
stepped back, and drew the fatal bolt. Immediately
on suspension the back of the culprit turned round
to the crowd, and remained in that position.
The sufferings of the poor wretch appeared to be
intense. His arms, shoulders, head, and neck moved
convulsively for the space of three or four
minutes, and the persons in the crowd audibly
complained of what they considered the unskilful.
manner in which the rope had been adjusted.
Reid died without having made a confession,
thus practically asserting his innocence to the last ;
and the rev. gentleman had not administered the
sacrament to him.

Reid had been eight times previously convicted
—six times summarily and twice at the sessions.
His last sentences were respectively six months'
imprisonment and four years' penal servitude.

CHLOROFORM AT THE .ROYAL
A CVO UCHEMENTS.

From a memoir of the late Dr. Snow in the
Medical Times, we learn that on April 7th, 1853,
he administered chloroform to her Majesty at the
birth of the Prince Leopold. A note in his diary
records the event. The inhalation lasted 53 minutes.
chloroform The given on a handkerchief, in 15
minim esthe Queen expressed herself as
s and the
greatly relieved by the administration. He had pre-
viously been consulted on the occasion of the birth
of Prince Arthur, in 1850, but had not been called
in to render his services. Previous to the birth of
Prince Leopold, he had been honoured with an in-
terview with his Royal Highness Prince Albert,
and returned much overjoyed with the Prince's
kindness and great intelligence on the scientific
points which had formed the subject of their con-
versation. On April 14th, 1857, another note in
the diary records the fact of the second administra-
tion of chloroform to her Majesty, at the birth of
the Princess Beatrice. The chloroform again
exerted its beneficent influence ; and her Majesty
once more expressed herself as much satisfied with
the result.

Inquisitive folk often overburthened Snow, after
those events, with a multitude of questions .of
an unmeaning kind. He answered them with all
good-natured reserve. " Her Majesty is a model
patient," was his usual reply : a reply which, he
once told me, seemed to answer every purpose, and
was very true. One lady of an inquiring, mind, to
whom he was administering chloroform, got very
loquacious during the period of excitement, and
declared she would inhale no more vapour unless
she were told what the Queen said, word for word,
when she was taking it. "Her Majesty," replied the
dry doctor, " asked no questions until she had
breathed very much longer than you have; and if
you will only go on in loyal imitation, I will tell
you everything." The patient could not but follow
the example held out to her. In a few seconds she
forgot all about Queen, Lords, and Commons ; and
when the time came for a renewal of hostilities,
found that her clever witness had gone home to
his dinner, leaving her with the thirst of know_
guc—Medical Tunes.
ledge still on her ton

DEATH OF AK INFANT FROM AN OVERDOSE OF
Thursday 9vening along inquiry
before Mr. Bed-
SYRUP OF POPPIES.—On
took place at the Westminster Hospital,
Bed-
ford, on the body of Ellen or Freeman, an infant 18 months
old. Mrs. Jane Freeman, the mother of the infant, said—
On Christmas Eve the deceased was very restless on ac-
count of teething. I sent a little girl to a chemist's for two-
pennyworth of syrup of poppies. This was about five o'clock
in the evening. I gave the infant two teaspoonfuls, but not
becoming composed, at 10 o'clock the same night, I gave
her another teaspoonful . We went to bed about 11 o'clock.
About one o'clock I looked at my baby, and was shocked at
finding her apparently lifeless. Mr. Riley, a surgeon,
promptly attended, and pronounced life to have been extinct
Some time, Mr. Riley, surgeon, of St. George's-road, Pim-
lico, said he had made a post mortem examination, and
found that death resulted from the narcotic which had been
administered to the infant. Evidence was brought forwore4
to prove the strong affection of the parents for the infa'at,
after which the jury returned a verdict—" Died front an
Overdose of syrup of poppies, incautiously administered by
the mother, and recommend tint chemists be prohibited
from selling such in small quantities."
REPRESENTATION OF LINLITHGOWSHIRE.—A
vacancy is about to be made in the representation of this
county, by Mr. G. Dundas, the present member, receiving
colonial appointment, The first intelligence of the event
came to the electors in the form of a canvass among the
Tory proprietor* In favour of Mr. the Lord Advo.
eatc —Sco4sztaani