The Sun.
London, England, 1861-11-18 00:00:00

(Entered at Stationers' IlalL)

IXTRAORDINARY OPTICAL DISCOVERY.
Extract from the "Medical Circular," N0v.16, 1859:—
"We have observed with much pleasure an important dis-
covery in the grinding of spectacle lenses by Mr. Bernard
Davis, optician. They are superior to any others ; and from
their peculiar transparency can be easily adapted to any
sight, avoiding all strain to the vision. We have no doubt
that the most imperfect eyes may be surprisingly assisted by
this novel discovery."

Country residents suited with the greatest accuracy by
stating age. List of Prices :—Fine steel frames, with real
Brazil pebbles, 7s. 6d. ; ditt very finest frames, 10s. 6d. ;
ditto, with best glasses, 3s. 6c1., 4s. 6d., ss. 6d. ; patent panto-
scopic, for the clergy or public speakers, to look over without
removing, with pebbles, 12s. 6d., 10s. fid. ; with best glasses,
4s. 6d., Cs., 7s. 6d. ; solid gold, 20s. per air.
Address, BERNARD DAVIS, 430, Euston-riad, London,
Optician to the Opthalmic Institutions.
TELESCOPES—By the appiication of the improved lenses,
Mr. D. can guarantee his telescopes as being of the highest
power and at half the usual charges, viz. : —Small pocket
telescopes, to define 5 miles, 10s. fid. ; ditto, 10 miles, 21s. ;
ditto, and showing all the heavenly bodies, 42s.—size, from
4 inches to 6 inches long.
MICROSCOPES with the improved lenses.—Student com-
pound achromatic micr ,scopes, with three powers and every
necessary, 635. and 84s. in mahogany cabinets ; compound mi-
croscopes, with one strong power, magnifying 5,000 times
10s. 6d. ; ditto, three powers, 12s. fal. ; ditto, with every ne-
cessary, magnifying 20,000 to 40,000, 215., 305., 425. Printed
instructions how to use microscopes free with each instru-
ment.
Opera and Field Glasses of the highest power, at 155., 215.,
305., Vs.
MAGIC LANTHORNS AND DISSOLVING VIEWS._

Descriptive Catalo,srues for 2 stamps.—Post-office Orders
payable, Euston-square, Bernard Davis, optician, 430, Eus-
ton-road, near Regeat's-park, London.

DR. LA'MERT ON SELF•PRESERVATION.

Price lg. ; post-free, 13, or sealed ends, 20 stamps, with En-
gravinzs and Cases. Nthy be had of Mann and Co., 3?,
Cornhill, London, or direct from the Author.

-PRESERVATION.--A popular Essay on
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By Dr. LA'MERT, 37, Bedford-square, London.
Licentiate of the Royal College of Physicians of Edinburgh ;
Member of the Royal College of Surgeons of England, dce.
The above work contains most useful and interesting
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At home for consultation daily from 10 till 2, and from 6
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1, (,TREAT MARLBORODGH-SE TRET, W., NEAR
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DR. CULITERWELL, Member of the Royal
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An entire new and original Work, entitled
OURSELVES.
Syncnms: The Physiology and Anatomy of our G eneration
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FEMALE.
The Physiolozy and Anatomy of Women--Functional Ir-
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Their Expectancies and Disappointments—The Cause and
Removal of Sterility—The Theory and symptoms of Gesta-
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No. 1.
HEALTH, HAPPINESS, and LONGEVITY;
On Debility, Nervousness, Dyspepsia, and Indigestion,

No. 2.
LOVE AND MARRIAGE :
"heir Obligations, Happiness, and Disappointmenta ; Love
aid other Matohca. Sterility Removed. and Healthy Off-
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No. L
THE CASE BOOK':
100 Cases of SPERMATORRM(A,
Their Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment, Confessions and
Cure oy Cauterisations, Galvanism, &e. &c. &c.
i o be had of Mann, S 9, Cornhill ; and the Authors.
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(SPECIAL NOTICE.)
Dr. Culverwell is the only legally qualified medical practi-
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Om)

TRULY EFFICACIOUS AND MILD.-
Dr. SCOTT'S BILIOUS and LIVER PILLS, pre-
pared without'any mercurial ingredient, from the recipe of Dr.
Scott, of Bromley, Kent, will be found invaluable to all who
suffer from bilious and liver complaints, indigestion, wind,
spasms, giddiness, dizziness of the eyes, &c. For habitual
costiveness, as a family aperient medicine, and as a purifier
of the blood, they are truly excellent ; mild in their opera-
tion and grateful to the stomach, they create appe ite, pro-
mote digestion, and strengthen the whole nervous system.
Sold by W. Lambert, 20, Jermyn-street, Haymarket, London,
and by most druggists, in boxes, ls. lid., and three times
the quantity in one, 2s. 9d. Be sure to ask for Dr. Scott's
Bilious and Liver Pills. The genuine are a square green
package, with " William Lambert," engraved on the stamp.

AMERICA.

LIVERPOOL, Nov. 16.

The Inman
_steamship City of Baltimore has ar-
rived with advices from New York to the 3d inst.

In the telegraphic intelligence via Cape Race it
is stated—

" NEW YORK, Nov. s.—The Monticello had ar-
rived at Fort Monroe, and reports passing the naval
expedition on the 2d inst., 3.) miles from Bull's Bay.
It is rumoured that the expedition landed on the
3d at Bull's Bay, 25 miles from Charleston. Re-
ports have been received of the destruction of the
fleet at Port Royal."
Bull's Bay is, according to the American maps,
about 30 or 40 miles north of Beaufort, South
Carolina. Port Royal is at the entrance of
Beaufort Harbour. That some disaster may have
happened to the " Great Armada," as it is denomi-
nated by the New York press, is not improbable.
Previously to its departure from Hampton Roads
the expeditionary force suffered to some extent
from a gale, which had not subsided when it left.
The City of Baltimore, which should have left New
York on the 2d for this port, was detained in con-
sequence of the boisterous weather until the fol-
lowing day. Throughout her passage she experi-
enced strong winds from N.E. by N., accompanied
with thick weather. At this season gales from that
quarter are frequently attended with snow or rain
storms. It must be reeolicQta tuNo Emu
heavily laden with guns and stores, besides being
crowded with men and horses. It would appear
from the following article, extracted from the New
fork World of the 2d, that Port Royal was the des-
tination of the fleet :

"As the fleet has now doubtless reached one of the
points against which it intends to operate, there can
be no harm in adding a few hints in addition to
those furnished by the correspondent of the London
Times, more than a month ago, whose letter we
give this morning.
"It is manifestly not the intention of Government
to attempt the capture, as yet, of any of the large
Southern seaports. New Orleans, Mobile, or Sa-
vannah could undoubtedly be taken without any
great expenditure of blood, but the retention of those
cities, or any one of them, would be a much more
serious matter. The system of river and railroad
communication, which has made them important
commercial centres, could be used to concentrate
vast armies against the attacking party, which, un-
less, in great force, would be speedily driven into
the sea. A lodgment on an island or series of islands,
that commands important harbours, with a view to
operations, is manifestly the object of the expedi-
tion. We should not be surprised to hear, therefore,
that Port Royal Harbour, on the South Carolina
coast, should be one of the points which it is in con-
templation to take, provided it is found the ob-
stacles are not too formidable. A large discretion has
evidently been given Capt. Dupont in this matter.
The command of this fine harbour would give us
access to the most thickly-settled slaveholding re-
gion of the South, and would be a standing me-
nace to both Savanna and Charleston. The place
is admirably situated for a vast camp of instruc-
tion, like Fortress Monroe. Should it not be deemed
advisable to take this point, Amelia Island and Fer-
nandina will undoubtedly be attacked with a view
to obtaining possession of Brunswick Harbour, the
finest on the South Atlantic coast. It is impossible
for the rebels to concentrate a large army to defend
this point, as inland navigation is so difficult. Its
possession by our fleet would in effect be the sever-
, ing of Florida from the Confederate States, as we
would command the St. John's river and the whole
coast around to Pensacola, which of course we are
soon to be in possession of. It is not at all probable
that the Administration intend to march our troops
inland for a couple of months yet. The troops sent
ore, as a general thing, undisciplined and unfit for
field operations, but by January they will no doubt
be in condition, both as regards numbers and disci-
pline, to take either Charleston or Savannah, as may
be deemed best. Hereafter the cotton States, that
caused the war, will be forced to bear some of its
burdens. It is not improbable that the stars and
stripes are floating to-day in triumph over a portion
of the sacred soil of South Carolina."

A New York paper, alluding to the gale of the
3d, says:—

" Some fears were entertained that the prevailing
gale would seriously affect the progress of the great
naval expedition, and this idea gained strength
from the fact that the Roanoke, which has ust
arriveds
taotn F, owr thriec
8:
Mrocoomnpell
very heavy weatherereports that she expe-
riencedheenr tohe
boats
—formerly
d keep
e ewayp o u ft rs oi
dme
which has also reached FortressMonroe,ecnTheEt
states
nAs atltlhen,
etaope Hatteras, the two
the New York and
had Brooklynbeen separatedferries— t hf
reoEma g
thele
and
squadron.yescterd But by the
Commodore Perry,
time
ee
the Hatteras on
warrival
no ft
that
avte stsheel at
fleet Baltimore,wasoff ay afternoon,
Wednesday evening, at which
was remarkably fair, and the squadron waswmeoavt movie
along finely.' The captain of this vessel reportsgr
that the gale commenced north of Cape Hatteras,
and gives it as his opinion that the fleet did not
encounter it at all, as the ships had passed south of
that point before it commenced."
General Scott had placed his resignation in the
hands of the Government, accompanying it with
the following letter:—
"Headquarters of the Army,
Washington, Oct. 31.
" Sir,—For more than three years I have been
unable, from a hurt, to mount a horse, or to walk
more than a few paces at a time, and that with
much pain. Other and new infirmities—dropsy and
vertigo—admonish me that the repose of mind and
body, with the appliances of surgery and medicine,
are necessary to add a little more to a life already
protracted much beyond the usual span of man. It
is under such circumstances, made doubly painful
by the unnatural and unjust rebellion now raging
in the Southern States of our so lately prosperous
and happy Union that I am compelled to request
that my name be placed on the list of army officers

General Scott thereupl
President and Cabinet, NI

lows :

ni rose and addressed the
ho had also risen, as fol-

" President, this honotverwhelms me. It over-
pays all services I have a empted to render to my
country. If I had any aims before, they are all
obliterated by this expr ion of approval by the
President, with the unantnious support of his Cabi-
net. I know the President and this Cabinet well.
I know that the country has placed its interests in
this trying crisis in safer keeping. Their counsels
are wise, their labours are as untiring as they are
loyal, and their course is the right one.
" President, you must excuse me. lam unable
to stand longer to give utterance to the feelings of
gratitude which oppress me. In my retirement I
shall offer up my prayers to God for this Adminis-
tration and for my country. I shall pray for it with
confidence in its success over all enemies, and that
speedily."
The Presidert then took leave of General
Scott, giving him his hand, and saying he hoped
soon to write him a private letter, expressive of
his gratitude and affection, The President added :
"General, you will naturally feel solicitude about
the gentlemen of your Staff, who have rendered you
and their country such faithful service. I have
taken that subje3t into consideration. I understand
that they go with you to New York. I shall desire
them at their earliest convenience after their return
to make known their wishes to me. I desire you
now, however, to be satisfied that, except the un-
avoidable privation of your counsel and society,
which they have so long enjoyed, the provision
which will be made for them will be such as to
render their situation as agreeable hereafter as it
has been heretofore."

Each member of the Admiuistration then gave
his hand to the veteran, and retired in profound
silence.

The following is the response of the Secretary of
War to the letter of General Scott ;

" War Department, Washington, Nov. 1, 1861.
was My ant, a., 1, 41.
President your letter of yesterday, asking to be
relieved under the recent Act of Congress. In
separating from you I cannot refrain from express-
ing my deep regret that your health, shattered by
long service and repeated wounds received in your
country's defence, should render it necessary for
you to retire from your high position at this mo-
mentous period of our history. Although you are
not to remain in active service, I yet hope that while
I continue in charge of the department over which
I now preside, I shall at times be permitted to avail
myself of the benefits of your wise counsels and sage
experience. It has been my good fortune to enjoy
a personal acquaintance with you for over 30 years,
and the pleasant relations of that long time have
been greatly strengthened by your cordial and en-
tire co-operation in all the great questions which
have occupied the department and convulsed the
country for the last six months. In parting from.
you I can only express a hope that a merciful Pro-
vidence that has protected you amid so many trials
will improve your health, and continue your life
long after the people of the country shall have been
restored to their former happiness and prosperity.--
I am, General, very sincerely, your friend and ser-
vant,

" SIMEON CAMERON, Secretary of War,
"Lieut.-Gen. Winfield Scott, present."
Major-General M'Clellan, on assuming the chief
command, issued the following order :

" Head-quarters of the Army, Washington,
Nov. 1, 1861.

" General Order No. 19.—1 n accordance with
General Order No. 94 from the War Department, I
hereby assume command of the armies of the United
States.

" In the midst of the difficulties which encompass
and divide the nation, hesitation and self-distrust
may well accompany the ,assumption of so vast a
responsibility ; but, confiding as I do is the loyalty,
discipline, and courage of qur troops, and believing,
as I do, that Providence will favour ours as the
just cause, I cannot doubt 'that success will crown
our efforts and sacrifices.
" The army will unite with me in the feeling of
regret that the weight of many years, and the effect
of increasing infirmities, contracted and intensified
in bis country's service, should just now remove
from our head the great soldier of our nation, the
hero who, in his youth, raised high the reputation
of his country in the fields of Canada, which he
sanctified with his blood, who in more. mature years
proved to the world that American skill and valour
could repeat, if not eclipse, the exploits of Cortez
in the land of the Montezumas, whose whole life
has been devoted to the service of his country, whose
efforts have been directed to uphold our honour at
the smallest sacrifice of life, a warrior who scorned
the selfish glories of the battle field when his great
qualities as a statesman could be employed more pro-
fitably for his country, a citizen who in his declining
years has given to the world the most shining in-
stance of loyalty in disregarding all ties 'of birth,
and clinging still to the cause of truth and honour.
Such have been the career and character of Winfield
Scott, whom it has long been the delight of the
nation to honour, both as a man and a soldier.
While we regret his loss,' there is one thing we
cannot regret—the bright example he has left
I for our emulation. Let us hope and pray that his
declining years may be passed in peace and hap-
' piness, and that they may be cheered by the success
of the country and the cause he has fought for and
loved so well. Beyond all, that, let us do nothing
that can cause him to blust for us ; let no defeat of
the army he has so long commanded embitter his
last years, but let our victories illuminate the close
of a life so grand.
GEOR6E B. M'CLELLAN,
Major• General Commanding U.S.A.
An important cause had come before the Court
at Alexandria, Virginia, of which the New York
Commercial List gives the following synopsis :
" In the case of the claims of Chapman, Lyon,
and Noyes, W. H. Lee and Co., and Burnham,
Plumb, and Co., merchants, against Barley, Trip-
let, and Co., of Alexandria, Judge Freese ordered
a commission to appraise all goods or property of
any kind, left by Barley, Triplet, and Co. A paper
was presented to the Court by Mr. Green, of Alex-
andria, claiming the sum of 1,200 dols. for rent, and
setting forth that steps had been taken to collect
the same in the courts of Alexandria. Judge
Freese informed the applicant that if he chose to
declare himself a loyal citizen, and claim the pro-
tection of the Provost Court, he would receive the
same consideration as any other creditor. This
Mr. Green refused to do. There appeared to be
no doubt that the Court will decide that the pro-
perty of Barley, Triplet, and Co. must be appro-
priated to the payment of such debts to loyal citi-
zens as shall be proven before the Court. Whether

"At Louisville General Sherman gave a gloomy
picture of affairs in Kentucky, stating that the
young men were generally Secessionists, and had
joined the Confederates ; the aged and Conserva-
tives would not enrol themselves to engage in con-
flict with their relations on the other side."
Our miscellaneous accounts state that the demand
for Southern passports was ekceodingly great. Be-
tween the Volunteers and the officers otthe regular
army ther; "was an.entire absence of good feeling,
the former charging the latter'with tYranny,inso-
lence, and neglect. The prisoners confined in Fort
Lafayette and other places had been transferred to
Fort Warren, near Boston. Mrs. Steele and Mr.
W. G. Woolfe had been arrested at Louisville, en
route for the •South. Mr. Woolfe had, in a belt
around his body, about 500 dole. worth of needles,
and in the quilted shirt of the lady were found
several cards of military buttons and 40 letters ad-
dressed to parties in various cities of the South.
The gale of the 2d and 3d caused the tide to rise
beyond its height, and flood some portions of New
York.

The schooner Ariel from Liverpool, captured off
Charleston, had arrived at Philadelphia in charge
of a prize crew.

The body of Segismund Feliner, a wealthy Jew of
Mainz, in Germany, is reported to [have been dis-
covered floating on the water at Middletown, New
Jersey. On his person were found 110 dole in gold ;
but letters from Germany inquiring after him'
stated that when he left for America he had 50,000
dole. in diamonds and cash. He is supposed to have
been murdered. Two women, Albertina Flaum and
Mrs. Marks, have been arrested on suspicion of
being concerned in the murder, but the former
managed to commit suicide in the station.

Another Confederate battery had been unmasked
on the Potomac, near Evansport. The Federal
steamer Powhattan had, however, managed to run
up the Potomac to Washington during the darkness.
Four stoops had done the same, notwithstanding a
heavy fire.
The Con federates arc reported to have their
pickets on Harrison's Island. Part of their forces
rested in Goose Creek, seven miles south of
Leew-
burg.
TL. Itviaphis ...ippetie of the 26th ult. contains
the following useful information respecting the
knitting of hose for the Confederate soldiers :

" Get largo needles and a coarse yarn ; cast on 78
stitches and knit the leg 10 inches before setting
the heel. The heel should be 3 inches long and
knit of double yarn, one fine and one coarse for extra
length. The foot should be 11 or 12 inches long."
The same journal earnestly appeals to the planters
to raise grain instead of cotton, as follows :

" Ev(ry ear of wheat, every blade of grass, every
stalk of corn, every potato, and every bean which
can be grown will be required to meet the in-
creased demand at home and support the gallant
army now imperilling their lives on the field in
defence of our liberties, our homes, and our firesides.
The necessities of the public defence, the voice of
patriotism, and the general interests of our section
demand that we put forth all our resources to meet
the emergency. To the planters of the Southern
States the demand for increased army supplies ap-
peals with peculiar force. In such of the border
States as are not already the theatre of hostilities,
but a small additional breadth of land remains to
be dedicated to the production of cereals. In the
others the presence of the invaders will seriously
interfere with the cultivation of the soil, so that
the cotton and sugar States will be relied upon to
supply this deficiency also. By them alone can the
demand be met. The country looks to them for
relief. The appeal will not be in vain. The cheer-
ful alacrity with which every fresh demand upon
them has been met during the progress of the pre-
sent revolution is ample guaranty of a ready re-
sponse to any call whieh patriotism may make upou
them. There are other considerations, which, apart
from the public necessities, :obviously point to the
policy of diminishing the production of cotton and
sugar, and devoting the lands thus left idle to the
cultivation of small crops, to which we design to
advert briefly in another article, and by which we
propose to show that such a course will redound to
the present, prospective, and permanent advantage
of the planter, as well as the advantage of the pub-
lic interests."

The planters appeared to be dissatisfied with this
treatment. The Appeal says :
" The Columbus embargo on grain and produce
still continues to be a fruitful subject of remark.
Planters on 'Change, from within the limits of pro-
hibition, complain of the position in which they
are placed by the embargo. They say they have
cheerfully contributed to the comfort of the army,
and are ready to do as much as any in behalf of the
Southern cause, but they do not like being denied
the liberty of going to market—they do not like
produce spoiling cn their hands, from the proceeds
of which they should pay their taxes and lay in
their supplies—and they do not like the idea of
being compelled to accept of one price for their pro-
duce, while their neighbours beyond the boundaries
get another and higher price. There is a growing
disposition to appeal to Richmond.
" Sales of wheat were made at 1 dol. 50c. ; 1 dol.
60c. was generally asked: Flour was firm at 9 dole.
to 10 doll., according to quality. The .Richmond
-Whig of Monday quoted corn scarce and in demand
at 80c. ; oats, 50c. ; wheat at 90c. to 96c. for red,
and 1 del. to 1 dol. sc. for white.

" The opinion is very generally expressed that
patriotic duty, 'wise policy, and benevolent feeling
all require the planter for the coming year to aban-
don tie planting of cotton for that of corn, wheat,
potatoes, and other necessaries of life. Speakers
expressed their desire that the planters generally
should know that the war is not to be the short effort
of a few months that was anticipated ; that in this
war the enemy's policy is to treat the South rather
as a besieged garrison than as a force in the field.
In the words of the New Orleans Delta, The policy
of the enemy evidently is to starve us out, to substi-
tute for a trial of arms a trial of resources, of en-
durance, and non-intercourse. This change in their
strategy has been prompted by the idea that the
South is not self-sustaining ; that it has heretofore
depended upon other countries for many of the ne-
cessaries of life, and that as long as it pursues its old
policy it will be driven to the hardest straits to save
e
its people from extreme suffering. There is much
exaggeration, of course, in this assumption of our
amount adversaries, but there is this
of truth in it,
to wit—that if the South should during the present
war and blockade confirme
in its old course of de-
voting its land, labour, and capital to a production
which it cannotmake available for the support of
its people ;if it •
continues to raise cotton and tobac-
co, which it cannot convert into money with which
to purchase the necessaries of life, and is further
prevented from such purchases by the blockade, there
must be no little suffering and hardship among our
people, and to thwart the new policy and strategy
of the enemy it will be the obvious duty and policy
of our planters to abandon altogether or greatly