The Sun.
London, England, 1861-08-24 00:00:00

THE SUN, LONDON, SATURDAY EVENING, AUG IST 24, 1861.

FROH THE GAZETTE OF LAST NIGHT.

FOREIGN-OFFICE, AUGUST 14.
The Queen has been graciously pleased to appoint Henry
Stanhope Freeman, Esq., now British Vice-Consul at
Janina, to be her Majesty's Consul at Lagos.

THE NAVY.

VALETTA, AUG. 18.—The corvette Racoon, 22
guns, Capt. William C. Chamberlain, arrived on
the 11th inst., 13 days from Gibraltar, and on the
following day the Renown, 91, Capt. Arthur
Forbes, came in from Beyrout, which place she left
on the sth inst. At that dale there were there the
squadron under the command of Rear-Admiral
George Rodney Mundy, C. 8., consisting of the
Hannibal, 91 (flagship), the Algiers, 91, the Aga-
memnon, 91, the 0 ion, 91. the Mars, 80, the Mel-
pomene, 51, the Amphion, 36, the Lapwing, 4, and
the Mohawk, 4; the French squadron, consisting
of five line-of-battle ships and ene or two smaller
vessels ; two Russian frigates, the Grand Admiral,
74 (bearing the flag of Rear-Admiral Shestakoff),
and the Oeleg, 74; also a Turkish liner, a frigate,
and a corvette. The different men-of-war were
drawn up in two lines, the English and Turks form-
ing one, and the French and Russians the other.
The Renown leaves to-day or to-morrow with in-
valids, for England. Her Majesty's gunboat Re-
cruit, 6, Commander D Spain, arrived on the 13th
from the Danube, having been relieved on that
station by the Weser, 6. The Recruit is homeward
bound, to be paid off. On the 13th the Russian
steam-frigate Gromoboi, 50, Capt. Fedarowski, ar-
rived from Beyrout. This vessel, like the Ilia
Maurometz and Sokol, of the same nation,
which called in here a few days ago, had been
ordered home, and was in fact, on her way
to Cronstadt. Much to the surprise of every-
one on board, however, the Russian Consul
at this island received a telegraphic despatch from
St. Petersburg, ordering her immediate return to
the coast of Syria. The reason for this sudden and
quite unexpected counter-order appears to be un-
known. Her Majesty's ship Caesar, 90, Capt. Thos.
H. Mason, left Malta on the morning of the 14th
inst. for Beyrout, calling at Suda Bay (Candia), to
give stores and provisions to the Gannet, 11, Corn-
mender Edward H. G. Lambert. The same even-
ing her Majesty's ship Neptune, 90, Capt. G. T. P.
Hornby, and Liffey, 51, Capt. G. W. Preedy, C. 8.,
left port under steam, and sailed for Castellamare.
These vessels were followed on the 17th by the
Victor Emmanuel, 91, Capt. Wm. J. C. Clifford,
C.B. The Commander-in-Chief, Sir Wm. Fanshawe
Martin, K.C.8., on board the Marlborough, 131,
follows on the 19th, accompanied, I understand, by
the Terrible, 21, paddle, Capt. Fred. H. 11. Glasse,
C.B. Her Majesty's corvette Scourge, 6, paddle,
Commander W. G. Jones, C. 8., arrived on the 15th
inst. from Gibraltar five and Algiers three days,
having on board Lieut.-Gen. Sir Wm. Codrington,
K.C.8., Governor of Gibraltar and staff. The
Scourge resumed her voyage to Constantinople yes-
terday. The Foxhound, 4, Commander the Hon. A.
Hobart, with a mail for Corfu ; the Racoon, 22,
Capt. W. C. Chamberlain, for Smyrna; and the
Scylla, 21, Capt. Rowley Lambert, for Sicily, left
port the same day. The French Government steam
yacht, La Reine Hortense, Capt. Count Morave, has
just entered port from Marseilles, having on board
the Count and Countess of Montebello, who, it is
said, are on their way to Constantinople."
The Lords Commissioners of the Admiralty ar-
rived at Sheerness from Chatham on Thursday, for
the purpose of inspecting the dockyard and the ships
in the harbour. Their lordships were conveyed from
Chatham in the Black Eagle, paddlewheel steam
yacht, Master J. E. Pettey, R.N., carrying the
Admiralty flag. On Wednesday evening a tele-
gram had been received from their lordships re-
questing the steam of the Goliah, 80, screw steamship,
400 horse power, of the second division of the steam
reserve, to be got up, which was completed by
12 a.m. on Thursday, and on Thursday morning
orders were given to get up the steam of the Rod-
ney, 86, screw steamship, 500-horse power, second
division, which was completed by two o'clock.
Both of the vessels were minutely inspected, as well
as the Meanee, 80, screw steamship, 400 horse
power, the Phaeton, 51, screw steam frigate, 400-
horse power, the Malacca, 17, steam-sloop, 200-horse
power, and also the site for the new battery which
is about to be built off Sheerness for the protection
of the entrance to the river Medway. Their lord-
ships expressed themselves much pleased with their
inspection. In the evening they were entertained
at dinner by the Commander-in-Chief, Vice-Admiral
W. J. Hope Johnstone. After dinner, their lord-
ships adjourned to the Black ErOle for the night.
They resumed their inspection at 10 a.m., by paying
a visit to the dockyard, and carefully inspecting
the works in progress, and the various alterations
which have been made in the yard since their last
visit, as well as the various workshops and fitting
basin. At one o'clock they partook of lunch with
Captain-Superintendent Charles Wise, Aide-de-
Camp to the Queer., from whose residence they pro-
ceeded to inspect the flagship Formidable. They
subsequently embarked in the Vivid and the Black
Eagle for Dover.
The Shannon, 51, screw, in the first-class reserve
at Portsmouth, officially testsd her machinery yes-
terday outside the harbour, under the superinten-
dence of Capt. H. Broadhead, commanding her
Majesty's ship Asia, and the reserve at the port.
The Pandora, 5, screw, tried under the superinten-
dence of the same officer the preeious day, realised a
speed of 8 794 knots, the meat of six runs, at a
draught of water of—forward, 9 feet 7 inches ; aft,
11 feet 7 inches. On one of her former trials, draw-
ing 11 feet 2 inches aft and 7 fee; 10 inches forward,
she realised 10.500 knots.

The Chanticleer, 17, screw, has been placed in
No. 8 Dock, at Portsmouth, the Medea, 6, paddle,
having been previously taken !rom the same dock
and placed in the steam basin.

Her Majesty's paddlewheel steamer Antelope,
Lieut.-Commander Al lingham,rsterday sailed from
Woolwich for Greenhithe, to ie adjusted for the
West Coast of Africa, as previously stated. She is
under orders to call in at Portsnouth.

The 'War Department vessel Lord Vivian yester-
day commenced shipping melting cupolas and other
war stores for the Isle of Guernsey.
The following appointments were made yesterday
at the Admiralty :—Henry Harkam, surg., to the
Pantaloon ; Benjimin Ninnis, acting assist.-surg.,
to the Pantaloon ; William Roche (a), assist.-surg.,
to the Impregnable, for Plymouth Hospital;
Arthur Hughes, assist.-paymaster, to the Pem-
broke ; John G. Card, clerk, to the Centurion ; Au-
gustus A. Lyne, clerk, to the Pantaloon ; William
E. Boxer, assist.-clerk, to the Revenge ; George
Deveson, assist.-clerk, to the Conqueror; Lewis G.
Hodder, assist.-clerk, to the Donegal; John W.
Seccombe, assist.-clerk, to the Hero ; Thomas A.
Irwin, assist-clerk to the Edgar ; H. C. Barnard,
assist.-clerk to the Trafalgar ; Edwin R. S. Sandys,
assist: clerk, to the Aboukir ; Frederick G. Far-
rows, assist.-clerk, to the Centurion ; and Montague
W. Potts, assist.-clerk, to the Narcissus.

-Capt. William Loring, C. 8., and Capt. John N.
Tarleton, C. 8., have been appointed Aides-de-Camp
to her Majesty the Queen. in the place of Rear-
Admiral Charles Eden, WI, and Rear-Admiral the
Hon. Charles G. J. B. Elliot, C.B.

the disturbances at that time raging, it landed at
the Cape of Good Hope. In all the active opera-
tions and expeditions of the Caffre war this corps
took a leading part. For performing long harass
ing marches, and skirmishing in the mountains and
fastnesses of the Amatolas and Waterkloof in small
detachments against 50 times their number of
Caffres, they were never surpassed, and rarely
equalled. At the end of the war great numbers
were invalided from heart disease, brought on by
over exertion in a hot climate. In 1857 the 73d
were sent on to India to assist in quelling the
mutiny, and though they arrived too late to take a
share in the greater actions of Lucknow and Delhi,
they did good service in different parts of Oude and
Central India. The regiment is now about to pro-
ceed to Plymouth, where it will be stationed during
the winter.

During the present week a party of the Royal
Artillery, under Col. Gibbon, R.A., commanding in
the Eastern District, have been engaged in testing
the strength of the martello towers upon the coast,
by firing 68-pounder guns from them. It has been
found that nearly all the martello towers upon the
coast may be mounted with heavy ordnance.
The officers and men of the Bth (King's) Regi-
ment, at Aldershott, have approved a design by Mr.
Leifchild of a memorial cross, to be erected on the
Grand Parade, Portsmouth, to the memory of those
belonging to the regiment who fell during the
Indian Mutiny.
Tho body of the unfortunate marine, Benjamin
Bradshaw, who was shot in the Plumstead range,
was yesterday interred in the cemetery at Wool-
wich. Several committees have been formed to
raise subscriptions for his widow and family. The
non-commissioned officers of the division at Wool-
wich, to which he had been attached upwards of 18
years, have contributed ss. and 2s, 6d. each, various
sums have been collected from civilians in the town,
and committees aro about to be established in every
division of the Volunteer Corps for the same purpose.
In accordance with orders from the Horse Guards,
several alterations have been made in the transfers
of the various depots at Chatham previously an-
nounced. Instead of the depot companies of the
2d battalion of the 23d Royal Welsh Fusileers pro-
ceeding from Weimer to Chatham, as had been
ordered a few days since, to join the Ist depot bat-
talion, the Ist battalion of the 23d has been ordered
to leave Chatham, and will vacate that garrison on
the 29th inst. The 731 depot will have Chatham
for Chichester on Tuesday next, relieving the depot
of the 2d battalion 4th King's Own. The depot of
the 12th Regiment is spoken of as being about to
be sent to Chatham to take the place of the 23d
Royal Welsh Fusileers. The depot companies of
the 2d battalion of the 20th Regiment arrived at
Chatham on Thursday evening, from Aldershott
Camp They are attached to the 2d depot battalion.
Several other British depots will be stationed at
Chatham. The details have not yet been announced.

TILE CIVIL WAR IN AMERICA.

(From the Correspondent of the Times.)
WASHINGTON, AUG. 10.

The beat has been so oppressive that even if the
armies were ready for action they could not fight.
Prince Napoleon on his excursion to Mount Vernon
on Wednesday lost two horses from sunstroke, or,
at least, the United States Government did so, but,
nothing daunted, he went across the river yester-
day with special passes and an escort, and attended
by General M•Dowoll, to the Confederate outposts,
whence he went over to visit General Beauregard,
and probably to Richmond. Mr. Seward did not
offer any objections, cf course ; but this step on the
Prince's part has displeased some of the friends of
the Government. I have been visiting the camps at
the other side, and observe no sign of an aggressive
movement, but there is a concentration of troops on
our right to meet a display of force on the part of
the enemy beyond the Chain-bridge and at Great
Falls.

In my last letter I referred to the misrepresenta-
tions respecting the visits of the Confederates to
Mount Vernon, which had so far influenced General
Scott that he wrote a general order, rather remark-
able in its phraseology, warning the Federal troops
against the commission of any acts of Vandalim
should they be in that vicinity. Similar misappre-
hensions on the part of General Beaurezard led to
his sending a flag of truce to inquire whether the
Federalists had been hanging prisoners taken in
battle. The explanation is that some gymnasts of a
regiment were exhibiting their feats for the amuse-
ment of their comrades, and had been taken by the
spectators as the victims of capital punishment. It
is to be hoped that the report which has appeared
of the brutal flogging of a Northern woman by a
mob in one of the Seceded States is equally untrue.

I am inclined to think General Butler's recent
visit to Washington was connected with his desire
to enforce on the minds of the military authorities
his plan of operations from Fort Monroe, in which
I must confess there seems to be a great deal of
soundness. There is, of course, difficulty in the way
of concentrating troops, baggage, and material by
sea; but the Federalists, after all, are only twelve
hours from Baltimore by the Chesapeake, and a few
hours more from Washington. They command the
sea, and they ought to be able to collect in force
more rapidly by means of a naval flotilla than the
Confederates could assemble to oppose them.

The Spec'al Session of the 37th Congress, which
adjourned yesterday to the 4th of December,
passed during its brief sitting of a month a number
of Acts more important in character, ar.cl introduc-
ing changes of greater consequence in the constitu-
tion of the United States, than any since the
Declaration of Independence. Among these, taking
them in order, are—
An Act to authorise a National Loan

An Act for the Temporary Increase of the Navy.
An act to authorise the Employment of Volun-
teers to aid in enforcing the Law in Protecting
Property.
An Act to Indemnify the States for Expenses in-
curred by them in the Defence of the United States.
An Act to provide for the Payment of the Police
of the City of Baltimore ; to enable the Mint to
furnish Small Gold Coins; and to provide for the
Manufacture or Purchase of Field Signals.
An Act to increase the present Establishment of
the United States.
An Act to provide for the Suppression of Rebel-
lion and Resistance to the Laws of the United
States; and to amend the Act entitled "An Act to
call the Militia to execute the Laws of the Union"
passed 'in 1795.
An Act making an Appropriation to pay the
Expenses of transporting and delivering Arms and
Munitions of War to the Loyal Citizens of the States
of which the Inhabitants now are or hereafter may
be in Rebellion against the Go7ernment of the United
States, and to provide for the Expense of organis-
ing them into Companies, Battalions. Regiments, or
otherwise, for their own Protection against Domes-
tic Violence, Insurrection, Invasion, or Rebellion.
An Act in addition to an Act entitled " An Act
to provide for the Collection of Duties and Imports,
and for other purposes," approved July 13, 1861.
An Act to Define and Punish certain Conspiracies.
An Act to provide for the Construction of Ar-
moured Ships and Floating Batteries, and for other
purposes.
An Act to provide for the Purchase of Arms,
Ordnance, and Ordnance Stores.
An Act supplementary to an Act entitled "An
Act to Protect the Commerce of the United States
and Punish the Crime of Piracy."
An Act providing for the Amelioration of Mili-
tary Establishments.
An Act authorising the Construction of 12 small
side-wheel Steamers.
An Act to punish certain Crimes against the
United States.
An Act authorising additional Enlistments in the
Navy of the United States.
An Act making further Appropriations for the
Support of the Navy Service for the year ending
June 30, 1862, and for other purposes.
An Act making an Appropriation to pay the
Expenses of the Investigating Committee of the
House of Representatives ancl Senate, appointed the
first Session of the 37th Congress, and of the Com-
mission authorised to Examine and Report as to the
Compensation of all °dicers of the Government.
Au Act to suspend in part the Operation of an

Act entitled " An Act Relating to Revenue Cut-
ters and Steamers."

An Act to confiscate Property used for Insurrec-
tionary Purposes.
An Act to provide for holding the District and
Circuit Courts in Judicial Districts during a
temporary Vacancy of the Judgeship.
An Act supplementary to an Act entitled " An
Act to authorise a National Loan, and for other pur-
poses."

An Act to create a Metropolitan Police District
of the District of Columbia, and to establish a
Police therefor.

An Act requiring an Oath of Al:egiance and to
support the Constitution of the United States to be
administered to certain Persons in the Civil Service
of the United States.

An
An Act supplementary to an Act entitled "
Act to increase the present military Establishment
of the United States," approved July 29, 1861.
An Act in relation to the Office of Attorney of
the United States for the southern district of New
York.

An Act relating to Appeals to the Supreme Court
of the United States. . . _

An Act making Appropriations for Fortifications,
and for other purposes.
An Act to reduce Consular Fees for Vessels run-
ning to or between foreign Ports.
An Act to authorise an Increase in the Corps of
Engineers and Topographical Engineers.
An Act explanatory of an Act entitled " An Act
concerning the Attorney-General and the Attor-
neys and Marshals of the several Districts."
An Act to increase the pay of the Non-commis-
sioned Officers, Musicians, and Privates of the
Regular Army, Volunteers, Marines, and Ordinary
Seamen in the service of the United States, and-for
other purposes. _ .

An Act to increase the Pay of the Privates of the
Regular Army, and of the Volunteers in the service
of the United States, and for other purposes.
Mr. H. May, a member of the Maryland delega-
tion in Congress, in explaining why he refused to
recommend Lieut.-Col. Emery for the rank of gene-
ral, states that he did. so on the ground that he re-
commended no one for military office during this
wretched civil war, that Maryland ought not to be
expected to furnish either officers or men to carry
on a war so repugnant to the feelings of her people.
In Missouri the new Governor, Gamble, has
issued a proclamation to the authorities to enrol the
people into organisation, and notifying the troops of
the Confederates States who have entered the coun-
try, that their continuance there would be regarded
as an act of war against the State of Missouri. He
offers protection to penitents, and it is understood
that a committee of Public Safety will be formed in
each county to maintain the peace, in default of
which the United States troops would be called in
and quartered on the people.
In another distracted State, Virginia, the State
Convention at Richmond have ordained that any
citizen of the St ate holding office under the Govern-
ment of the United States after the 31st July, Ib6l,
shall be banished for ever, and be declared an alien
enemy; and that any citizen who shall undertake to
represent the State in Congress shall be deemed
guilty of treason, and his property shall be confis-
cated.

The proposition of Mr. Cox, of Ohio, to appoint
commissioners to meet commissioners from the
Southern States,in order to adopt such amendments
to the Constitution as shall assuage all grievances,
was rejected so peremptorily as to leave no hope that
any disposition exists in Congress for a compromise.
Indeed, it has been with difficulty that the ultra
party in both houses have been prevented from
passing the most violent resolutions day after day,
and the very last sitting of Congress witnessed
several attempts of the kind. Mr. Diven proposed
that at a time when armed rebellion threatened the
integrity of the Union and the overthrow of the
Government any and all resolutions recommending
or designing to make terms with armed rebels is
either cowardice or treason ; which Mr. Cox met
by a resolution that the member from New York
who endeavoured to introduce a resolution de-
nouncing over 40 members of this house because of
their vote for propositions to adjust our national
difficulties as cowards and traitors deserves the
censure of this house and of all true patriots for
the falsity, arrogance, and insults to his peers con-
tained in his unparliamentary resolution.
It was not without opposition at the last that
the resolution of Congress approving and confirming
the acts of the President for suppressing insurrection
and rebellion wls passed before the house adjourned;
and the forlorn hope, represented by Messrs. Breck-
inridge, Bayard, and a few others, showed fight to
the very last. The intelligence received from Ken-
tucky shows that so far the result of the elections
to the State Legislature has been favourable to the
Unionists as opposed to the State-Rights men, and
it is not tco much to suppose that so far that great
and important State has given a general adhesion
to the acts of the Government. It bas yet to be seen,
however, what course the Legislature will pursue,
and it must be remembered that the Governor,
Beriah Magoffir, not long ago asserted the absolute
sovereignty and neutrality of the State of Kentucky
and called out her forces, naval and military to re-
sist any invasion either by the Confederates or by
the troops of the United States, in which he
seemed supported by the general feeling of the
citizens.

An appeal made to the President in reference to
searches for arms in the State of Maryland has
been followed by an order from General Scott, that
searches of houses for arms, &e., and arrests shall
only be made by special authority of the Comman-
der of the Department, unless in extreme cases.
Mr. Allen, of Ohio, failed before the Senate rose
in obtaining a hearing for his resolution, that it was
no part in the present war to interfere with the in-
stitution of slavery in any States of the Union, and
it is now felt that if the contest is to go on the end
must be a direct war against slavery itself.
At the present moment it is calculated that the
United States' expenditure exceeds 1,000,000 dole.
a• day. Mr. Secretary Chase, in his report to Con-
gress, stated that the sums already voted amounted
to 318,519 581 dols., of which sum he proposed to
raise 240,000,000 dols. by loans, and 80,000,000
dole. by increased Customs and taxation. A direct
tax of 20,000,000 dols , an income•tax of 3 per cent.
upon all incomes al]n•ve 800 dols., raised to 5 per
cent. in the case of absentees, with large additions
to the Morrill Tariff, are the means proposed ; but
not one shadow of truth has been adduced to prove
that any one of them will answer the end, while,
in the case of the Seceded States, we know that
the appropriations cannot at present, if ever, be
raised.
With all the efforts that a man can make to keep.
down his expenses, the mighty spasmodic efforts of
the North to create and maintain a great military
establishment are attended by great waste; but
peculations, which have been of late extensive and
active, putting devil's dust and shoddy into cloth,
brown paper into shoe soles, and indulging in simi-
lar practices, whereby patriotic citizens make for-
tapes by their country's losses, have not so much to
do with the extravagance as the ignorance of Those
charged with the distribution of the public money.
I have seen it stated in an American paper that a
volunteer costs five times as much as a regular sol-
dier, and I have been assured by an officer of the
regular army that a volunteer costs certainly three
times as much as an enlisted private. It is gene•
rally declared that every soldier maintained by the
United States costs £2OO per annum. The last Act
of Congress was to raise the pay of the soldier to
13 dols. a month, or about £2 17s. 6d, and this
paid to him with little or no deduction such as our
soldiers suffer from. In the matter of ordnance
alone the waste must be extraordinary. Guns of all
calibres, six pounders, tens, twenties, thirties, and
special rifled ordnance for each description ; all kinds
of experimental guns on trial, some probably not
more efficacious than the famous proposal which
has been suggested in many Northern papers, of
driving the enemy from Manassas, and of destroying
those eternal masked batteries, bow do you think?
By the plan of our old friend Pelissier, in Algeria,
when he smoked the Arabs out of their caves! To