The Sun.
London, England, 1861-09-26 00:00:00

"ritEATWE-ROYAL, HAYMA..IiKET.
Lessee, Mr. J. B. Backatone.
I'l-Um EVENING, the neriormances Will oommenan with
TTp BALANCE OF COMFORT.
Aner v'hich. a new Comedy, entitled THE SOFT SEX.
Mr. C. Mathews, Mr. Buckstone. Mr. Compton, Mr. E. Villiers,
Mrs. C;harles Mathews Mrs. Wilkins, &e.
With THE PRAcTiCA.L MAN. Mr. C. Mathews.
To conclude with the DaIIet,AIACCRUS AND ARIADNE.
Commence a 7

_ -
34 OVAL PRINCESS'S THEAT
1 U Lessee and Manacer. Mr. A.
Harris. RE.-
This theatre will open on Saturday, Sept. 28, with a new
and original comedy,
In II." 'Lets, written by John Brougham.
entitled PLAYING WITH vinv, ; characters by Mr. John
Brougham (his first appearance at this theatre), Mr, Ryder
Mr. H. WiddiCombe, Mr. Georf4-e Jordan (of the principal
,thntres of the United States, his first appearance in Eng,-
-d) MISS C. Leleteng, and Mrs. Weston. With other En-
sign ,
nts. In active preparation,
care'sShakesn
tragedy
tertainni
scene dre se
ofIELLO, with ne* ry, s R and appointments
En-
of 0 • Tr peehter. The box-office wilt open on Wednea.
-
Othello, A •
day, sept. 2.7.

D OYAL LYCEUM TIT----------E,
''.,ATII-F,
.L u 3lanag-er--Mr. Edmund Falconer.
mary, a, Sinc,,le
•
THIS EVENING, the new and orlgin4l farce
THE FETCHES; or: The' Onconyanience of, entitled
Life. Tim o'lleilly, Mr. Edmund Falconer ;
Miss Lydia Thompson. . 0 Brady,
After which, at Eight o'clock,' the new and success
, lul comedy of WOMAN; or, Love against the World:
'Characters by Messrs. Walter Lacy, Addison, Herman Vezin,
J. Robins, .11-rg. Charles Young, Mrs. Weston, Miss Murray,
and Xiss• Lydia Thomson.
To tapclucle with AN UNPROTECTED FEMALE, in
which illtsk Lydia Thompson will danee ' a New Volunteer
/Quick Step; ,
Prices as ill'tml. floors open at half-past 6, to commence at
I Box-office °tall daily from 11 till 5.

NEW THEATRE-ROYAL, ADELPHI.-
Sole Proprietor DM Manager, Mr. B. Webster.
Open for the Winter Season.
THIS EVENING, MUSIC HATFI CHARMS. Messrs.
D. Fisher, Romer, Warde, Mims K. Kelly and Laidlaw.
After which (235th timer; THI COLLEEN HAWN. Mr.
•C'• Boueicaalt, D. eisher, Billing -ton, 8. Emery, Stephenson,
Smith, Romer, Howard, Ward ; Mrs. Boucitsault, Miss
25,14kar, Mrs. Billinzton, and Mrs. H. Lewis.
Etll222_3onolnde with LOVE AND HIINGRIR. Messrs. Fisher,
J Smi,th, Mrs. H. Marston, and Miss K. Kelly.
Doors open At half past 6—Commence at 7.

THE SUN.
LONDON, THURSDAY, SEPT. 26, 1861.

The Government seems once more, if we may use
the expressive phrase in print—" to have put its
foot into it." It made its first essay in. honesty to
tax-payers, by cancelling the Galway contract,
and though there has rarely been a case of less ser-
vice done for public money, or less to be hoped for,
the cry of " broken faith" had proved fatal to
the abolition of the Paper Duty, or the existence
of the Ministry, or to both. Yet the same Govern-
ment is bold enough to venture on another similar
experiment ; and as in the first case all Ireland was
in a hubbub, on account of its Galway shareholders
and to vindicate their right to the nation's money,
whatever the nation got for it, so now all
the leading sects of Dissenters who have
been depending on State aid for their schools, and
the clergy of the Church of England itself, are
joining the school teachers in getting up quite a
whirlwind of indignation, upon the New Minute of
the Educational Committee of Privy Council.
Substantially we think the Gov"rnment altoge-
ther in the right, and the greater part of the clamour
without any other justification than the apprehen-
sions of teachers for the bounties they have hitherto
received, and of clergymen, that the church cate-
chism should not form a part of the title to a Govern-
ment grant. If any one thing was clearly ascer-
tained by the late Education Commission it
was, that the present system was a failure
in the main point. Three-fourths at least,
we believe, of the children, did not obtain
the chief thing for which the intervention of
Government in "
'most schools had. crack scholars who could perform
great educational feats, and thn.

inasterscould do with the sharp boys, the deficiency

was quite appalling in regard to the majority of
the children. They could neither read nor write,
nor perform the first four rules of arithmetic with
readiness and correctness; often not perform them
at all. Yet the certificated teacher was receivin g
the grant on account of his certificate, and the at-
tendance of the scholars so perfunctorily taught,
entitled the teacher to the capitation grant !
The new minute proposes to strike at the root of
this capital defect ; a defect so great that,
unless remedied, wa might as well dispense
with Government aid altogether. The object of the
Minute is to make the bestowment of public money
contingent on the work being done which the public
wants. We do not by taxation bestow dietary
luxuries on the receivers of parish relief for the
wants of their bodies; nor ought we to provide
mental luxuries, at the public cost, for those who
are in a state of educational pauperism. Reading,
writing, and arithmetic are the confessed necessaries
of education. Every man in England needs these.
If he has them, the facilities are ample to his reach-
ing any educational attainments likely to be of ser •
vice to him as an individual. If the least spark of
the mens divinior be there, he is surrounded by fuel
for it in almost every village in the kingdom—cheap
literature, which will at least let him know that
there is literature infinitely surpassing it.
While, for the mighty many, and for all the
ordinary purposes of the educational pauper class,
thorough mastery of the all important elements
we have mentioned is the one thing needful for
their personal comfort, the one thing which would
make them better, more available servants to their
masters, the one thing which would make them
readers of all that interested their class of minds,
and which would thus prevent their losing before
they were twenty what they had been taught by
the time they were ten.
All the former grants are therefore now con-
centered on the work done. Formerly simple
attendance 176 times in the year was enough,
though half the pupils might miscall half
the words they read, and not add up one
column in four correctly. Formerly the
certificated teacher received a direct money
payment from the State, and also pay for pupil
teachers. Now all the payments are to be for
scholars who fulfil two conditions—lst, they must
have attended the requisite number of times; 2dly,
they must have been taught, as well as attended the
school. But this is not all. Rules are laid down
as to age, to meet the -universal fact that unless
the children of the poor learn the elements young
they\, will most likely never acquire them at all.
next,the as e thereaptnt arein
grant
r a threent principal
only thingsba given
iov
ebne
learned,
rne
d
to none who are deficient in all, but a proportion
will be struck off in the case of each child who is
deficient in one or in two of the essentials.
Now, looking at this new arrangement as a
whole, the country will surely think it an admir-
able one. We want to make sure of the enormous
sum we pay for education being expended in
teaching what is most necessary to be known to
those who have not the means to procure that ne-
cessary knowledge. The now system of grants
pays for the greatest amount of just that kind of
teaching. It does not hinder higher instruction—

I rather, by making sure of that on which all better
linstruction must rest, it facilitates all the rest.

Geography, history, science, everything may be
added that managers and teachers like; but the
Government is not to pay for that. It will pay
for what is the stepping-stone to it all, and the
stepping-stone also to a smoothei level for the poor
man's course of life in all cases.

The teachers, great men as they have become
with their certificated honours, seem, so far as we
can judge by their complaints, much excited by
several considerations—first, they say that their
certificates have had hitherto a money value, of
which they will be deprived. To this we must
briefly reply—that the present system has been
represented to them, annually, as open to revision
if found to fail, as it has been found to do, in the
objects for which it is instituted. Next, the certi-
ficate has still a money value, for only certified
teaching can obtain the Government grants for
sehools at all—hence managers must have certified
teachers. And lastly, and on this we lay most
stress—these teachers ought to be thankful to
the system for having enabled them to obtain a cer-
tificate; if it is worth anything they are
gainers. If it testify to fictitious merits, they
ought to gain nothing. _

These worthy men seem also much disturbed
at having to receive all their pay from the
managers of the school, to whom the Government
will make the capitation grant, on the new plan, in
one sum. Possibly a certain portion of it may be
made by the Government due to the teacher ; but
in any case, however much the teacher may con-
sider his dignity involved in receiving a post-office
older direct from the Treasury, rather than in being
dependent solely on the managers, the business of
making such a vast number of small remittances
was too much for the Central Administration, and
done at ai enormous and disproportionate cost.
Besides, the country will decidedly approve of
decentralisation, of local administration, and of
abolishing an army of State-paid officials. Lot
each teacher, if he be worth anything, make
his own bargain with the managers who employ
him.

There has been not a little outcry from the
clergy—who have denounced, in many cases, the
new system as a godless one ! The old cant cry,
at which laymen will surely smile. We are in-
clined to look upon it as a rather godly act than
not, to teach a poor child those essential elements
of knowledge, on which its bread may depend,
and which must almost necessarily facilitate his
earning it. Charity is commonly held to be
amongst the most godlike of virtues with us
poor mortals. And does all that is divine in it
vanish because it does not offer to clothe religious
as well as mental nakedness. What are the clergy
and our host of Sunday school teachers for ? Why
do we spend one way and another £5,000,000 at
least per annum on a State Church, besides all
that Dissenters do, if they cannot look to the
religious part of the business ? But, especially,
we would remind the clergy that their greatest
hindrance is that crass ignorance which leaves the
hearer perfectly obtuse to all his pulpit instructions,
and incapacitates him to read with advantage, not
only his Bible and prayer-book, but even the
simplest religious paper he can leave in his house.
We hope the Government will be true to its
main points. We also hope that Mr. DISRAELI
will not condescend to make political capital out of
the present clerical clamour. The young lords will
doubtless urge him to do so, but as he has, with
justice, complained of the excessive amount of the
Education Grant, and as Sir JOHN PAKINGTON has
honestly exposed its hitherto very useless applica-
tion, and urged something of the same tendency as
is now offered, the least we can ask is that the
House of Commons will set its common-sense
against an interested agitation.

Al . itc,LJG - - ' "
eso-Pverrensmideenntt, ofhas th eb e
eßoard u
so f
d're
se
ca
rai eb
:du abeyr
thehe
st e.
torian and analyst of Lord DERBY'S Cabinet. "He
is the very type," wrote MARK ROCHESTER more
than two years ago, in his " Cabinet Pictures " (p.
243), published by Messrs. ROUTLEDGE and Co.
"He is the very type of old-world Toryism
under its most reasonable aspect—shrewd, keen-
sighted wherever he will look (but he won't look
sometimes save in his own chosen direction), con-
scientious to a scruple, precise t 3 a fault—an excel-
lent fault, however, in the habit of a financier."
The Author of " The Derby Ministry" adding
further, in regard to Mr. HENLEY—" His intellect
is eminently logical, moreover, in its way, when
you once get to the right side of it. It is logical
always, if you frankly grant him his premises un-
conditionally. His convictions are consistent
throughout, and dogged almost to the extent of
obstinacy. Yet he is so clear-headed at the very
time when he is so hard-headed, that he can be less
accurately termed the drag upon the State coach,
than the break happily applied at times to the train
of political events—regulating our speed, at critical
moments, when we have been just shunted on to a
uew line perhaps, and are going down an incline of
more than ordinary acclivity." Now, every touch
in this little outline-sketch of Mr. HENLEY we
believe to be true to the life. Rapidly pencilled
though it is—in it the miniature-painter has accu-
rately enough caught the likeness. It can be recog-
nised, we are satisfied, by any one, however slightly
acquainted with the original. Nor is there very
much credit due to an artist who can thus trace out,
with a truthful hand, an easily distinguishable
resemblance to one whose features are, in them-
selves, so strongly marked. The difficulty would
be not to delineate an effigy of Mr. HENLEY bear-
ing about it the evidences of verisimilitude. For
the right hon. gentleman is in every point of view
at every shade, and at every turn what, in popular
idiom, we term " a character."

Arrant Tory though he is to the marrow of his
backbone, we all of us like to listen to him. Our
views may be as wide as the poles asunder—(as it
happens with us they generally are)—yet are we
at all times willing to listen to one who talks so
directly to the purpose in enunciating his own
strong opinions. Mistaken he often is, to our
thinking. Yet is he ever acceptable to us as a
speaker, whether in the House or out of it. He is
invariably so very much in earnest—he is always
so shrewd—he is often so caustic without ever
being spiteful—he is so frequently sharp and
acrid in his speech, and yet perpetually in the very
best of tempers both with himself and everybody
else. He is a man you are often laughing with,
but never have the chance of laughing at. What
RICHARD COBDEN is to the enlightened Free-
trading Liberal Reformers—what HENRY DRUM-
MOND was to the Transcendentalists bath in Poli•
tics and Religion—that is JOSEPH HENLEY to the
old genius of your genuine true-blue Toryism.
Very recently Mr. HENLEY has been availing
himself of the leisure time of the long autumn
hulidays to discourse upon a variety of themes,
opotfu ntihtiys
here and there, down in the western provinces.
`opportunity
agricultural banquets have afforded him the
ofo p
p talkingortnni t
y he
i thisn
has way
eagerlyd discursively,
u rsi v
enoughe l y,
and
availed himself. Upon one of these occasions—it
was in Oxfordshire—the
member for the county

descanted, after his own fashion, upon the duties
revolving is session time upon the active member
of Parliament. "My hon. friend, Mr. HAMERSLEY
(who had proposed the toast for which Mr. HEN-
LEY was then offering his acknowledgments), was
not altogether mistaken," quoth Mr. HENLEY,
" when he said that those who in these days are
called upon to serve as members of Parliament have
no light task to perform. The careful considera-
tion of important questions, long-continued em-
ployment—generally for fully six months in the
year—is no light work; and I may fairly say that
those who try to make themselves acquainted with
only a moderate part of the business transacted in
the House of Commons have a very heavy work
thrown upon them." Has not the homely drudgery
incidental to the daily discharge of these fagging
duties devolved annually upon a working member of
Parliament been aptly and happily, and most
accurately, described by one of Mr. HENLEY'S own
colleagues, in the political poem of " St. Ste-
phens ?"

" Few, who at ease their members' speeches read,
Guess the hard life of members who succeed;
Pass by the waste of youthful golden days,

And the dread failure of the first essays—
Grant that the earlier steeps and sloughs are past,
And Fame's broad highway stretches smooth at last;
Grant the success, and now behold the pains :
Eleven to three—Committee upon Drains I

From three to five—self-conimune and a chop;
From five to dawn a bill to pass or stop;
Which, stopt or pass'd, leaves England much the same.
Al as for genius staked in such a game I
When, as the guerdon' in the grasp appears,

' Comes the blind Fury with the abhorred shears.' "

Yet, has the picture its bright gleams also, no less
than its dark shadows—shadows half pathetic, half
ridiculous. " But I will add," says Mr. HENLEY him-
self, when commenting upon the drudgery of a mem-
ber during the actual sitting of Parliament—" that
when men have had the happiness, as we have, to be
freely returned by a great independent constituency
—when men have been sent by that constituency
unfettered by any pledges, but left alone to exercise
unfettered judgment, according to the utmost of
their ability, for the benefit of the whole country
—then I say that although these labours are, no
doubt, severe, they are much lighter than they
would other wise be. They are also lighter when
we come home again, and receive from all classes
of the people—whether they agree or disagree
with us in
tells a man that so long as he holds the dish
Politics—that cordial welcome which
even, and tries to do his duty to the best of his
ability, credit will be given to him for his exer-
tions, and he will receive the thanks of the com-
munity he is chosen to represent. It is these
things which make every man's duty, however
severe it may be, press lightly, and I trust the
time will never come when Englishmen will not
take a pride in so treating their representatives,
because I feel assured that so long as their repre-
sentatives are so treated constituencies at large
will be handsomely served, and the greatest possible
advantage will be derived by the whole country."
The truth is here hit very fairly and very pleasantly.
It squares the account between the representatives
and their constituents. And it is agreeable to hear
it put thus vividly before the whole nation by a
man of Mr. HENLEY'S standing and influence.
The Earl

marl and Countess of Scarborough have been
entertaining Colonel and Lady Caroline Towneley, Lord and
Lady Norreys, and a succession of visitors, at their seat in
Yorkshire.
The Earl and Countess of Aberdeen leave Scot,
land shortly, to pass the winter in Egypt.
The Countess Dowager of Claire has arrived at
the Queen's Hotel, Upper Norwood.
Viscount Sandon has left the Earl of Harrowby's
house in Grosvenor-square, to join the family circle
visiting the Marquis and Marchioness of Exeter at
Burghley,
Viscount Chetwynd was married on Tuesday last,
at Withecombe Raleigh, in the county of Devon, to Miss
Hussey, of Lyme Regis.
Her Grace the Ducljelt,t§oNmever and family
The Marquis Arconati Visconte has left Maurigy's
Hotel on a visit to the Marquis of Downshire, Dundrum,
county Down, Ireland.
Count Ravine and Chevalier Gattaro have left
the Brunswick Hotel, Jermyn-street, for Paris, en route
for Italy.
Mrs. Merrick Fowler and the Misses Merrick
Fowler have arrived at Thomas's Hotel, Berkeley square,
from Norwood.
AN AGRICULTURAL PURSUIT.—Racing after a
pig with a greasy tail.—Punch.
THE GREAT EASTERN.—A letter from Cork
says :—" The arrival of this vessel within the harbour of
Queenstown has caused an extraordinary sensation among
the denizens of the beautiful city, and the river steamers
are crowded with eager excursionists, although as yet the
public, and even the representatives of the press, have been
rigorously excluded from going on board. This regulation
is no doubt necessary until the interior of the vessel has
been sufficiently repeat ed to enable visitors to enter with-
out inconvenience. An advertisement in this morning's
local papers states that on and after Wednesday morning
the Great Eastern will be open for the reception of visitors,
between the hours of 9 a.m., and 5 p.m. ; and there is
little doubt that the permission will be availed of by im-
mense numbers, especially as the charge of admission,
2s. 6d. each person, is such as must be considered exceed-

ingly moderate. Ir is understood that an excursion train
from Dublin will be given to enable the residents of the
metropolis to take advantage of an opportunity which may,
perhaps, never occur again in this country, of seeing this
noble ship. The Hon. Captain Carnegie, C. 8., chairman
of the Great Ship Company ; Mr. Yates, the secretary, and
Mr. Searle, of the firm of Sabell and Searle, of Liverpool,
passenger agents, have been engaged on Saturday and to-
day inspecting the vessel in every department, and arrang-
ing with the passengers, who have got the option of being
refunded the passage-money or of being forwarded to their
destination by the Montreal Ocean Steamship Company's
steamer Norwegian. A good many of the first•class pas-
sengers, who accepted the offer of the passage money being
refunded, left by the Niagara yesterday. On dit that
negotiations are on foot with the directors of a local com-
pany for the execution of the repairs required by the Great
Eastern. I was even informed this morning that a 'bar-
gain had been concluded for the sum of £3,000, but this I
have reason to believe is prematuro,. It is, however, tole-
rably certain, that some, if not all, of the repairs to the
Great Eastern will be executed in Cork, and, if so, we may
look forward to a prolonged stay of this magnificent steamer
within the precincts of Cork harbour."

PORTSMOUTH, Wednesday.—Wire have had a con-
tinuation of hard gales from the westward, with heavy falls
of rain, and to-day violent rain squalls from the west. A
large number of merchant vassals have put in for shelter,
among which is the Lord Raglan, from London for Port
Phillip, which put back from the Caskets, her captain re-
porting a tremendous sea to be running in the Channel.
The seacoast barometers now (1 p.m.) stand at 29 28.
THE RECENT GALE.--The gale of Monday was
experienced with great severity over a large part of Scot-
land, though fortunately in few instances attended with the
destruction of life or property. The rain was the heaviest
and most continuous that had fallen for several years, and
all the rivers and their banks were flooded to an extent
rarely witnessed. To the east of Dunfermline the railway line
was for about a mile laid under water, threatening even to
extinguish the fires of the engines. Many fields in hollow
situations were converted for the time into sheets of water,
but owing to the harvest being almost over even in the late
districts, there was little damage done to the crops. In
many cases trees and animals were carried down by the
y caseswas bridgescarried
away
cs
ound
sdiednelrya
bswollen
rsetdr e. a mAst,
Danadlkeinithsoarnbee
was also drowned.
by the spate, and a man who endeavoured to rescue him

THE CATTLE TRADE.—NEWCASTLE -ON-TYNE,
Sept. 21.—Trade was slow for all kinds of stock in this
market to-day, with a downward tendency. The number
of fat cattle at market was 1,013 ; store ditto, 118 ; sheep
and lambs, 8,450 ; pigs, 303 —Prices.—Beef, 5s Gd to 7s
9d per stone of 111 b., sinking the offal ; pork, 5s 63 to 7s
9d per stone; mutton, sid to 7d; lamb, 61 to 7d per lb.,
sinking the offal. Derby, Sopt. 21.—At this cattle market
to-day the supply of fat beasts was good, and the demand
was somewhat active at the extreme prices of last week.
'1 here was a plentiful supply of sheep, which wore taken off
at former currencies. Lambs were a tolerable show, and the
demand ruled steady At late rates. The supply of pigs was
rather limited, and the inquiry proved firm at full rates.
f, Gd to 6 Prices.—Be ; mutton, 7d to 7id ; lamb, lid to
e
80 ; pork, sid to 6d per lb. Calves sold steadily at 71d to
80 per lb.

CRYSTAL PALACE.—One Shilling Day, WedneE-
day, SepE. 25.—Admissions on payment, 5,060; ditto by
season tickets, 990; total visitors, 6,050.