The Sun.
London, England, 1857-06-01 00:00:00

rHE SUN, LONDON, 'MONDAY EVENING, JUNE 1, 1857

reason why the Bank of England. should not
follow suit, and go even a step in advance, by
issuing it. notes, which would greatly economise the
use of bullion. But, as we have repeatedly de-
clared, the effectual remedy, which will not merely
palliate but remove the disease, is to be found in
a National Bank and National Notes, based on
taxation, which will answer all the purposes of
internal commerce, and be always willingly re-
ceived by every 'person subject to the visits of the
tax-collector, which, unlike angels' visits, are
neither few nor far between.

Love laughs at locksmith, and Law laughs at
conscience ; it regards, indeed, crotchet and con-
science as synonymous words. How in the world
of all people on earth, and of all bishops in the
House of Lords, could SAMUEL OXFORD forget
this ? His Lordship hardly escaped falling into
a trap where, had the Quakers and the Noncon-
formists seen him, they would have surely en-
joyed a hearty laugh at his expense. Indeed, we
suppose they will still maintain that he did fall
into the trap head foremost, and that but for Lord
CAMPBELL, the Lord Chancellor, and a wiser
bishop or two, he would have been there yet.
Conscience, which makes cowards of us all,
makes a High Church Hero of the son of WILLIAM
WILBERFORCE, the half Dissenter. The bait
was, sustaining the immutability of Church Law;
the trap was, establishing the principle that law
ought not to compel subjects to do what they
conscientiously object to. SAMUEL OXFORD had
nearly done this service for the Anti-State Church
folk-',--he would have done it if he could.
The New Divorce Bill proposes to permit, as
special divorce bills always do, the remarriage of
the separated parties. Very proper as it seems
to many impartial interpreters of the New Testa-
ment; and even to sensible persons, who doubt
the meaning of Scripture on the point, it yet
seems proper that civil law should not enforce all
that may be taught as Christian duty in the
New Testament, much less disputed points of
Scriptural morality. Indeed, on this latter ques-
tion their lordships generally seem to have con-
fused notions. The Bishop of ST. DAVID'S, alone
in a previous debate, spoke intelligently on it.
We hold it as a maxim that human law cannot,
and ought not to attempt to enforce the
high spiritual attainments to which our Di-
vine Master points us. He intended them
to be left to individual conscience, and religious
regard for his authority. Many things are im-
perative on us as Christians, which no law can
require of us, and hence to prove that our LORD
taught that divorced persons ought not to re-
marry, would not be to prove that civil law
should refuse them a remarriage. CHRIST taught
that in giving alms we should not " let our lett
hand know what our right hand doeth," but we
presume civil law ought not to affix a penalty to
the publishing of charitable subscription lists.
For the purposes of society it may be advan-
tageous that even the guilty parties should be
allowed to remarry. That is, law might grant
them a bond of union which would give them, and
any offspring they might have, the legal rights re-
sulting from marriage. It is not for the law to
tike cognizance of the religion of their conduct,
but of its bearing on their property, their future
obligations to each other and their innocent
descendants.

Finding, however, that the Lords, in their
ecclesiastical wisdom, choose to leave remarriage
to the conscience of the separated parties, and un-
able to embody his popish canons in the Bill, the
eagor bishop made an attempt t 3 brand his trac-
taria►nism on our legislation, by pleading the con-
sciences of his clergy ! We had inherited from
Popery the canon Itw which declares marriage
indissoluble ; the present clergy hare all entered
the Church under this law ; therefore he of Ox-
ford proposed an amendment relieving clergymen
from the duty of marrying divorced persons, be-
cause it would be a violation of their clerical and
canon law. He pressed to the last his view that
" marriage, by the law of the Church, is indis-
soluble." A majority of fifty-two pronounced
that if indissoluble by church law, they would
not only treat it as dissoluble by State law, but
would also require the clerical servants of the
State to remarry either of the parties, between
whom the marriage had been dissolved, if the
latter wished it

Poor Bishopl some even of his brother bishops
deserted him, and owned that Churchmen could
obey the canons only so far as they were not in
conflict with the law of the land. The Law
Lords naturally were almost on fire at the
thought that any clergyman's conscience should be
set up against an Act of Parliament, even against
an embryo Act. , They held, with the author of
the text-book on moral philosophy still used at
our Universities, that a clergyman cannot afford
to keep a conscience. But the fun of the thing
was, that this staunch son of the Church
was reminded that if clergymen's consciences
might be pleaded in bar of legal obligations, Dis
miters could never be required by law to pay
tithes and church-rates ! The bishop was uncon-
sciously digging up the very corner stone
of establishments. Set conscience above law
and woe to institutions whose coherence and
funds depend entirely on the superiority of law to
conscience 1 Tractarians must take care, or they
will have to follow the Free Church of Scotland.
Law, not conscience, must be the time ratio of
all establishments.

The Duke and Duchess of Beaufort left town on Satur-
day, to join their youthful family at Llangattooh, Gla•
morgaushire.

The Marquis and Marchioness Bandieri have arrived
at Claridge 's Rotel from the Continent.

Dumas, SATURDAY.—TtIt NEW CHIEF SECRETARY,.
The address of Mr. henry Arthur Herbert, soliciting a
renewal of the confidence of his constituents, appears in
the Kerry papers of yesterday.
It is now stated that the steamer Indus, from South-
ampton on the 4:11 of June, will take out abotit
800,0001. in bar silver, 5f.-pieces, and dollars, and pro-
bably about 150,0001, from ➢Marseilles,
ROYAL FREE HOSPITAL, GRAOI,O4Ii-ROAD.—The num-
ber of patientm relieved at thin hospital during the week
ending May 30, 1857, in 2,181, of which 715 were net►
cases.

THE DISCOVERER OF THE COLLODION PHOTOGRAPHIC
PaocEss.—Her Majesty the Queen having been in-
formed that Mr. F. Scott Archer, the discoverer of the
application of collodion to photography (a process which
has superseded all others) bad died leaving a young
family unprovided for, has been pleased to head a sub-
scription by a gift of twenty guineas. The Photographic
Seciety of London have followed with a grant of 601.,
and from the estimation in which Mr. Archer's discovery
is held, a very handsome testimonial is expected to be
raised. The committee.-room is at 225 Regent-street,
and Sir William Newton, R A., has kindly undertaken
the ((lice of treasurer.
COMMUNICATION BETWEEN HOLTHEAD AND KINGS-
TOWN.—An arrangement has been made for an improved
day couamunication between England and Ireland, via
Holyhead. On the lot of June an additional special ex-
press steamer will leave Holyhead at half-past 9 a.m., re-
turning from Kingstown at half pet 4 p.m., so that the
sea pelage both v rays may be madein daylight, enabling
paseengers to avr.4il themselves of the option of breaking
the journey, and continuing it on the following morning,
after a night's rest at Holyhead. This arrangement will
be carried out until further notice, except Sunday and
Monday. The special boat will arrive at Kingstown
two hours be core the departure of the afternoon trains,
enabling tre.vellers to reach places in the interior of Ire-
tit.lyw,eeSatailnasytneaxc,etpatteindn, by which
and
Holy.
land the ',awe evening. There are tour thropuagslasetnrganinrns
caneac each
rawvaeyl
head without change of carriage. In anticipation of this
arrangement the Telegraph steamer left Holyhead on a
trial trip at nine o'clock, yesterday morning, and reached
Kingstown in somewhat under four hours. A number of
the directors and officers of the railway companies were
on board.--,Freeman's Journal of Saturday.

LATEST NEWS.

THE PERSIAN TREATY.
VIENNA, SATURDAY.

Mr. Stevens, British Consul at Teheran, arrived
here to-day with the ratified Anglo-Persian Treaty.
He leaves for London this evening.
The little Archduchess Sophia died at Buda yes-
terday evening.

Their Majesties will return to Vienna to-day."

The latest news from Constantinqple comes down
a the 24th ult.

Robberies are still numerous ; not only private
houses but bazaars have been attacked. The Port,
has invited the Representatives of foreign Powers
to devise means to prevent and repress these dis-
orders, which are mostly committed by strangers.
The French mail-packet Euphrates went ashore
on the 16th in theroads of Gallipoli ; she was towel
off by two steamers of the Austrian Lloyd's.

A telegraphic despatch from Berne, dated May
30, says—lt is for the purpose of ratifying the
treaty with Prussia that the Federal Assembly has
been convoked for the 9th June.
The bodies of 54 workmen have been taken out
from under the ruins of the tunnel of Hanenstein.

nation, and in the glory of your reign: I have
therefore no 'toed to insist on the point. 7,1,0
mi scion which is confided t 9 ji 114 prod of
it. I should esteem myPelf happy if by my zeal
in the aecomplisiimult of My duty I should succeed
in meriting the high approbation of your Majesty."
Her Majesty Made the following rely :
"I have heard with real satisfaction the expre3-
sion of the sentiments of friendship Sri h which the
august sovereign whom yeti have the mission to
represent hate is animated towards me and the
Spanish people. Sir, you May assure Lis Impeiial
Majesty that I shall neglect nothing to respond to
these sentiments with alt the sin:erity of my heart,
and to strengthen and consolidate the ancient ties
existing between two peoples so wor';,hy of Tee'.
proeal esteem. lam gratifi d at seeing that the
choice of the Emperor has fallen upon you, ono of
his most faithful and distinguished servants, and
that you are accredited to my con t al eovoy extra-
ordinary and minister plenipotentiary, and I none
that, in the frank and friendly desire of lily Go-
vernment to cultivate the mo-t cordial relations
between the two countries, you wilil find it easy
to fulfil, with mutual advantage, the honourable
mission entrusted to your enlightend experience."

THE GRAND DUKE CONSTANTINE. t

TEs Imperial. Highness :he Grand Duke Con-
stantine of Russia arrived at 0-,borm, ol a visit to
tier Majesty on S iiturday afe'no)n. As antici-
p.►tfd by our Friday's report no public ceremony
or display of any kind too place on this occasion,
as. the visa was of a strictly private character, and
se very-brief in its duration that long ere this notice
is in the hands of our readers his Highness will
have quitted England and be far on his way to

The Grand Duke arrived at Cherbourg in the
French Emperor's yacht, Reine Hortense, at seven
o'clock on Friday morning last. The weather at
that pont was most unfavouriabe fer a visit of in-
spection—a keen wind blew, and the rain fell
heavily throughout he day.
Nt verihelees 11:s Highness disembarked at the
dockyard at 10 o'elece, and rem tinted till 1, mi-
nutely inspecting its vat ions depsrtinents, when he
rode tiirouge the t-twn, and again returning to the
dockyard embarked in a small screw brig tif war,
and visited toe breakwater at the mouth of the har-
bour. On this he remained upwards of an hour, exa-
miuing the forts, cßec„ and returned again to the
dockyard at 4 o'clock to witness the hauling up of a
40-gun frigate by means of tee hydraulic heaving-
up slip. This was, we believe, the first time the
experiment of hauling up so large a vessel had been
tried, and the result was perfectly successful.
In the evening the Prefect geve a splendid en-
tertainment at his official residence, to which all.
the heads of departments at Cherbourg, with Capt.
Seymour, of the Admiralty yacht Osborne, were
invited to meet the Imperial visitor. Soon after 10
o'clock the Grand Duke embarked from the shore
in the French Admirers barge, and returned on
board the Reine Hortense Hero his Highness to ik
a formal leave of the officers of the Imperial yacht,
which he quitted soon after, and at once proceeded
on board the Osborne. A discharge of rockets was
fired from the Reine Hortense as the Grand Duke
went down the side, and on board the Osborne he,
was received with gunwales manned and " long
lights" burning. The Russian frigate Aurora, which
during the late war Na our cruisers such a weary
deuce and so adroi ly escaped them. all, had been
staying in the harbour at Cherbourg, but sailed
thence before the Grans.: Duke arrived. His High-
ness slept on board the Osb irue on Friday niht,
and quitted Cherbourg at 6 on Saturday morning
with a light wind, clear, fine weather, and the sea
as calm as a millpond. No salutes were fired, either
by the garrison or ships in port as the Osborne
steamed out. The yacht made a remarkably fine
andquick passage across. While en route, after break-
fast, his Highness expressed a wish that the officers
of the Osborne should be presented to him, and
Captain Seymour accordingly presented Mr. G. H.
K. Bower, R.N., commanding the Osborne (who
was Master of the Agamemnon, under Admiral
Lyons, when she " went iu" at Sebastopol, at the
bombardment), and whom the Grand Duke asked if
he did not find himself in a very " hot berth ;" Mr.
Pym, additional master ; Mr. Gow, chief enginesr;
and Lieut. Robinson, of the Victory, who accom-
panied Captain Seymour. The Osborne arrived off
Hurst Castle at half-past 12 o'clock, and was sa-
luted by the garrison with the usual 21 guns. The
only man-of-war at this place was the little Alban
steam-vessel, Lieut. De Blaquiere, which manned
yards as the yacht approached, but did not salute,
as no vessel under 15 guns is allowed the honour of
paying gunpowder compliments.
A look-out man was stationed at Hurst Castle,
by whom the approach of the yacht was signalled to
Osborne, and her Majesty was thus informed of the
arrival of her Imperial visitor almost as soon as the
Osborne came in sight.
Near Cowes was lying the United States' paddle-
wheel frigate Susquehanna, recently arrived in order
to assist in laying down the Atlantic submarine
telegraph cable. This was the first vessel to salute
the Grand Duke on his arrival in England. The
Ohm ne Leered her at 1.15, when Captain Sands
immediately beat to quarters, manned yards, and
saluted with 21 guns in splendid style. In order to
give the Grand Duke an opportunity of seeing this
fine frigate, the Osborne steamed very ieowiy past
her, so that his Highness had then a good view of
one of the best and heaviest armsd paddle war
steamers afloat. The Susquehanna is 2,436 tons
burden, with a nominal horse-power of 950, and a
crew of 320 men. Her extreme length over all is
280 ft. 9in. ; breadth, 45ft. ; depth, 26ft. Gin., and
draught of water when fully laden with stores, am-
munition, etc.., nearly 19ft. Her armament is, for
a' vessel of her class and size, unusually heavy.
4he carries 12 8-inch broadside shell guns, each 9
aet long, and weighing 63 cwt. In addition to
this metal she has three pivot gun. two forward
4nd one aft, each 10ft. 15in. long, weighing 105 cwt.
end throwing an 8-inch solid shot. She is barque
rigged, and has a noble fighting deck with roomy
quarters for her guns and ample space for stowage
be!ow. Her only drawback seems her height from
the water, the forward ports being 15 feet 6 inches,
dud the aft ditto 14 feet. To counterbalance this
defect in her construction, which makes her heavy
aloft and imparts a hideous wall-sided look, she has
no bulwarks, or at least what are equivalent to
none—merely, canvas bulwarks. While saluting
on Saturday the Russian flag was run up at the
main, and the band on deck played the Russian.
National Anthem. The Royal yacht squadron bat-
tery at Cowes also saluted as the Osborne passed,
and soon after her Majesty's ship Eurydice, anchored
near Osborne, paid the same compliment, with
manned yards and ship dressed. The yacht arrived
off Osborne at 1.25. Cept. the Hon. Joseph Den-
man immediately put off in the Queen's barges
and landed his Highness on the beech,
"where a guard of honour of the 93d High-
landers, under Capt. Middleton, was drawn up. His
Highness looked at the Highlanders with an ex-
pression that plainly betokened considerable inte-
rest and admiration. M. Sabouroff, M. Golovnine,
M. Haurowiz, Col Do Greig, aide.de-camp, Prince
Ouchtomsky, and 11 inferior at triclants, landed
with the Duke. Carriages were in waiting upon the
beach to convey the party to Osborne-house.
Yesterday afternoon, at 4.30, her Majesty his
Royal Highness Prince Albert, the Grand Duke
Constantine, and his Royal Highness the Duke of
Cambridge, embarked on beard the Victoria
and Allsert yacht, which at once stood away
towards Spithead. Tine keen look-out kept
on board the squadron detected the Royal yacht
before she had moved two lengths from ()
borne. The ships were moored in two
lines, and the Colossus, Exmouth, Archer,
Malacca, and Brisk, beat to quarters, and
cot ready to salute, while the crews of the Vesuvius,
Devastatun, Volcano, Rolla, and Sealark stool
ready to man yards. As the royal yacht approached,
with the Russian ensign at the fore and the roj al
standard at the main, the salute was thundered out
from the chequered sides of the squadron in beauti-
ful order, both large an d small ships manning yards,
with the stanslards of Russia and England at the
fore and main. The unwonted sound of a royal sa-
lute from the squadron on a Sunday afternoon
brought all the loungers of Portsmouth to the peach.
The garrison should have saluted from the King'a
bastion, but were prevented by the rapid progress
of the royal party, who were scarcely reported as
abreast of the town ere the yacht had flown to Spit-
head. The men of the Artillery were mustered in
hot haste and breught dowu t the harbour at a
hard gallop, but by, that time the Victoria and
Albert was past the Nab L'gh, and for all the at-
tention the salute would have commanded it might
as well have been fired at the Tower.

The yacht then stood well out to sea. We be-
lieve it had been intended that the Royal party
should have made a trip round the island, but a
Ail breeze blew outside, with a heavy swell, so that
after steaming out about 20 miles the yacht's head
was put about, and site returned through Spithead,
the same ceremonies being observed as she repassed
the squadron. Immediately after landing his High-
ness the yacht came into harbour to replenish coals.
She then again returned to Osborne, wh,re the
Grand Duke and suite, wa believe, re-embarked
last evening, and stept on board. She was to le tve
at sunrise this (Monday) morning, so as to save the
tide into Calais Harbour at 7 the same evening.
From Calais a special train will be in waiting to
convey his Highness towards Hanover, where, ac-
cording to present arrangements, he is to meet the
Grand Duchess to-morrow.

(From, the Court Circular)
MAY 31.

His Imperial Highness the Grand Duke Con-
stantine arrived at Osborne yesterday, shortly be-
fore 2 o'clock, attended by M. de Sabouroff, M. de
Golovnine, M. de Haurowiz, M. du Greig (Colonel,
A.D.C.), and Prince Ouchtomsky (Lieu.enant de
Vaisseau, A.D.C.)
The Grand Duke crossed over from Cherbourg in
the Admiralty yacht Osborne, on board of which
Captain J. H. Seymour, Flag Captain at Potts-
mouth, was in attendance on his Imperial Highness.
On the approach of the Osborne to Osborne-pier
her Majesty's ship Eurydice saluted the Russr;in
flag, and the Queen's barge from the Royal yacht
went alongside to disembark his Imperial Highness,
who, on landing, was received on the pier by his
Royal Highness Prince Albert, accompanied by the
Prince of Wales and Prince Alfred. Count Chrep-
towich, the Russian Minister, was also at the pier,
to pay his respects to the Grand Duke.
The Royal party and the suite immediately got
into her M ijesty's c trriages, whicli were in waiting,
and drove to the house, the Grand Duke, the
Prince, the Prince of Wales, and Prince Alfred
occupying the first carriage.
The Queen received his Imperial Highness at the
hall-doo, accompanied by the Princeoies, the

bti.:LOS. (if Kent, at-41 the
hDuke of Cambridge, and
g 1 by th• Ladle- and Gentl. men in Waiting.
The Earl of Clarendon wa, also pi eseat.
Tio. gentlemen or the suite w:.-1 e p.es,n• ed er
Majesty by the Grand Duke. A guard of i.onour
of the 93d Hight:andel-a was formed on the lawn
near the house.
In the aternoon the Queen and Prince, accom-
iyan'e I by the Grand Duke and the Duke of Cam-
bridge, walked and drove in the grounds.
Count and Countess Chreptowich and Viscount
Paltnenton atrived yesterday on a visit.
Tice royal dinner
party in the evening included
his Imperial Highness the Grand Duke Constantine,
their Royal Highnesses the Duchess of Kent, the
Princess Royal, and the Duke of Cambridge/
his Serene A:ghness Prince Leningen, t ie Russian
Mini-ter and Countess Chreptowich, the Earl of
Ctarendou, Viscount Palmerston, Lady A. Bruce/
Cap.. J. H. Seymour, R.N., M.. de Sabour,..ff. 111;
do Golovnine, M. de Haurowiz, Col. Greig, and
Prince Ouchtomsky, in waiting on the Grand Duke,
and Col. Tyrwhitt.
The bind of the Royal Marines played a selec-
tion of music during dinner.
Major-General toe Hon. C. Gray and Mrs. Grey
had the honour of being invited in the evening.

DEPARTURE OF THE GRAND DUKE
CONSTANTINE.

PORTSMOUTH, MONDAY 5 A 1.1-
The Grand Duke and suite embarked on board
the 0-borne about 11 last night, and at 10 minutes
to 5 o'clock this morning she weighed and left,
under a salute of 21 guns from the "It.y.s.” bat-
tery at Cowes. As she approached Spithead, with
the Grand Duke's standard at the main, the Ex-
mouth, 90-gun ship, led off a general royal salute
from the squadron at Spithead, all with mast-head;
dressed. This, being at the early hour of 20
minutes past 5 on a brilliant summer's morning,
naturally awakened the inhabitants of either shore,
and many rushed to the beach, imagining perhaps
the " Glorious Fir.A of June" was, fighting its
battle o'er again. The eanD.9nade was very impos-
ing, in which the flag-ship Victory in the harbour
also took a part. By a quarter to 6 the Osborne
was out of sight from Portsmouth, end steaming
away at full speed for