The Sun.
London, England, 1857-09-28 00:00:00

matter of deep interest to every true-hearted

Englishman.

Whatever may be the real opinions of continen-
tal journalists, we cannot entertain the slightest

_ .
doubt or hesitation as to the result, when

without preparation of any kind we were enabled
to guard the chief seats of Government, to pre-
vent the permanent success of the mutineers, and
to drive them to a single point ; when our troops

have been enabled to gain victories against odds
of even ten to one, we may form some conception
of what will occur when 30,000 additional men
are added to the Indian forces. 30,000 trained
and disciplined Englishmen, all animated with an
unflinching resolution to avenge the fearful wrongs
inflicted on their countrytvomen, will not be thrown
away. When llevzLocx, now a K.C.8., has
achieved so much with less that 2,000, whit will
far more than the number ten times told be cap-
able of achieving t
We must not be impatien t. We must net suppose
that so fearful a difficulty can be at once overcome.
Every nerve must be strained. Every energy
exerted to crush the insurrection. Bnt we can
do it, and we will do it, The Anglo-
Indian Empire will still survive, despite the
gloomy vaticinations of our very good-natured
friends, who fancy that we may be degraded into
a third-rate power, exercising no greater influence
on the affairs of Europe than Spain, or Portugal,
or Belgium. " The wish may be farther to the
thought," but it will not be the sooner accom-
plished on that account. England will still hold
its own, despite the conspiracies of crowned
despots or the treachery of faithless servants.

case. Much more just, no doubt, is our rule than

that of any conqueror who has preceded us ; but
the social and police evils of India are enormous,

and the present generation, unacquainted with the
far worse past, judge only by the present, which
they so painfully feel, and decide against us. To
send out the proper number of troops and supplies
is tolerably straightforward work. To reform our
administration is a task for more thought, and de-
manding unflinching honesty. The interest of the
whole Indian "covenanted service," and the Court
of Directors especially, and still worse their pride,
are utterly antagonistic to the needed reforms.
Yet the extent of reform accomplished will indi-
cate the extent to which we can dispense with the
bayonet. Assuming that we shall never place
native soldiers again in a position to repeat the
mutiny of 1857, we can disarm the community at
large only by making it their interest to keep
quiet.

We are not now about to enter on the whole
question of Indian Reform ; but the above
Itsmarks were suggested to us by reading
a pamphlet by Mr. HYDE CLARKE, en
titled, "Colonisation, Defence, and Railways
in our Indian Empire," in which the writer dis
cusses with great copiousness and fulness of infor-
mation one branch of the improvements needed
in India. Of course Mr. CLARKE' S chief objee,
from his known connection with it, is to show the
advantages of the " Hill Railway system" gene-
rally, and specially of the " Northern Bengal Rail-
way." For the details of this railway system,
we refer the reader to Mr. CLARKE'S pamphlet,
only premising that it has no resemblanco what-
ever to a prospectus, but is filled with the most
varied and interesting information on the dis-
trict of which it treat. Ftiw of our readers
would imagine that on a spot which could, by
railway, be reached in ten or twelve hours from
Calcutta, is to be found a district and a town
where Europeans could, indeed do in great num-
bers, live in comfort, and in a climate not inferior
to many parts of Europe ; where there is ice iu
winter, and an atmosphere not unlike that of our
Devonshire and Cornwall.

Our present duty—the primary, the indispen-
sable duty—is to crush the rebellion, to cradieate
It root and branch, and restore peace and tran-
quillity in the country. We must act vigorously
and decisively—must display zeal, energy, and
determination. There must be no puling senti-
mentality, no morbid refinement, in dealing with
murderers, and far worse than murderers.
NEMESIS is not to be fettered in the present it:-
gar:ee by red-tapist restrictions. There must be an
ample, a bitter expiation. The watchwornas gone
forth, and our soldiers would lose heart if the
sword of vengeance were glued to the scabbard.
But the exertions must bo worthy of the cause.
It is not by words that we must reconquer the
Indian empire, and restore the prestige of England.
Every person authorised or competent to lend a
hand in the struggle must do his duty. From
the Premier to the eligible recruit there must be
no flinching. Each man must act in his appointed
station. The statesman must find pecuniary
means—the young man " thews and sinews.
ltoutine must for once be disregarded. There
must be a display of enthusiasm at the top as
well as at the bottom of the social scale. It is
not merely the agricultural labourer, or even
the young linen-draper, that is to act chi-
valrously—to devote his life to the cause.
Every man can make a sacrifice, suun,dum status
et facultates, according to his power, whatever
it may be. But we may naturally look for the
earliest demonstrations in the legitimate quarters.
General HAVELOCK has been nominated a
K.C.8., and some half-dozen of his gallant com-
panions C.Bs. But is that sufficient ? We fear
that the voice of public opinion will pronounce a
very different verdict. No man has recently so
greatly elevated the English name as HAVELOCK.
But, like the gallant NAPIER, the hero of Meanee
and Hyderabad, he has not as yet at least received
anything like an adequate recognition of his services.
The 100% a-year pension simply excited ridicule.
It was an insult rather than a reward, and ought
to be rejected with scorn. flow will those who
are enduring toils and dangers receive the intelli-
gence that CYAMBERLAIN and NICHOLSON, WIL-
SON, NEIL; and VAN COURTLAND are made Com-
pinioos of the Bath (!) for services worthy of
Peerages. The gentlemen of England "who liv9
at home at ease " ought to show a more fitting
appreciation of gallant deeds. As we have
already stated, every one of those heroes
is looked up to by a number of ad-
mirers, all participating in the struggle, sand
regarding their leaders as their representatives.
It is not the leader merely that is slighted, but
his whole battalion. Every fighting man feels
the insult, and many capable of doughty deeds
will be paralysed by the thought that a brilliant
effort has been compensated by so inadequate a
reward. If we look for brilliant service we should
give a fair and adequate recognition.

LATEST NEWS

THE OVERLAND MAIL,

THE MUTINIES IN INDIA.

(BY ELECTRIC TELEGRAPH.)

Rear-Admiral at Malta, to the Secretary of the
Admiralty, London.

Received through the Admiralty, 12.45 p.m.

6 p.m., Sept. 25, 1857.

The Pottinger arrived at Suez yesterday, with
dates from Bombay, 31st August ; Aden, 11th

September.

The latest dates from Delhi, the 12th of Aug.,
when that city was still in possesion of the rebels ;
but an attack was expected to be made shortly,
as General Nicholson was within a day's march
with considerable reinforcements. Gen. Havelock's
force has retired towards Cawnpore, being unable
to reach Lucknow. A second advance was made
on the 4th of August the General was again
obliged to retard for reinforcements.
During these movements several actions were
fought with the enemy, who were invariably de-
feated, and lost many guns.
The 26th Native Infantry mutinied at Lahore
on the 20th of July, and murdered the com-
manding officer, Major Spencer ; but the muti-
neers were wholly destroyed.
Maharajah , Goolab Singh died at Cashmere
on 2d August. • The 12th Bombay Native
Infantry at Musserabad have been disarmed, as
the men exhibited symptoms of disaffection.
Most of the remaining Regiments of the Bengal
Army have been disarmed. The Bth
Madras Cavalry refused to proceed to Bengal, and
was immediately disarmed. The mutiny in the
27th Bombay Native Infantry, at Colapoor, has
been suppressed. The remainder of her Ma-
jesty's 33d Regiment has arrived at Bombay
from the Mauritius. Csntral India is tranquil,
all being reported quiet at Magosa, Saugor, and
J übbul poor.

On the slopes of the Himalaya, in the sma
province of Sikim, between Nepaul and Bhotau,
is situated the comparatively modern and almost
European town of Darjeeling, the nearest sana-
torium to the capital. To this place, and to
Simla, in the far north-west, Mr. CLARKE would
construct branches from the great trunk line, the
" East Indian Railway," which is to run along
the whole valley of the Ganges. His chief idea
is to adapt India to European colonisation, 17
rendering it easy for inhabitants of the temporat
Z3llO to reside there. In all the Presidencies
there are spots very well adapted to the consti-
tutions of Europeans, where they could reside a
large part of their time, and yet administer the
government or attend to their commercial affairs
with ease, provided communications were but
more rapid and easy.
Mr. H. CLARKE contends that, by thus locating
to a great extent, and for a great part of the
year, the British population in these sanatoriums,
our Government, our army, and our commercial
men would reside in the tropics without the evils
generally incident to health in a tropical climate.
They would probably become acclimatized gra-
dually. At Darjeeling, children, who must gene-
rally be sent home from ether parts of India,
thrive vigorously ; and one of the greatest trials to
residents in the East, that of parting with their
families, might be avoided. The Commercial
benefits of railways to India we need hardly ad-
vert to ; they are, however, admirably developed
by Mr. CLARILZ. Their military uses are suffi-
ciently obvious also. Even in the case of a
mutiny, when parts of them might be pulled ups
they could soon be restored, and, at the worst,
would shorten a march materially. They would,
fact, quadruple the efficiency of our army.
Every reader interested in India (and who is
not just 'now!) should consult Mr. CLARKE'S
pages for himself.

A part of Jouspoor Legion had mutinied at
Mount Aboo, but no mischief was done at the

station.

This intelligence received from Acting Consul-
General Green at Alexandria, dated 20th instant,
for the Earl of Clarendon.
(Signed) M. STOPFORD,,Rear-Admiral.
Cagliari, 217th September, 7 50. a.m.
(Signed) CONSUL CRAIG.

THE IMPERIAL MEETING AT
STUTTGARDT.

STIITTGARDT, SEPT. 27.

The Empress of Russia and the Queen of Greece
arrived here last night. Prince Luitpold of

Ba-varia is expected to-day.

The Prince of Prussia came to meet the Em

peror Napoleon in Baden.
The Emperors Alexander and Napoleon leave
Stuttgart to-morrow evening for Darmstadt, and
very probably the latter will accompany the
former to Weimar, and there meet the Emperor
of Aus.tria and the King of Saxony.

STUTTGART, SEPT. 25.
The Emperor Louis Napoleon arrived here this
afternoOn at a quarter to five, after having kept all

Stuttgart on the tenter-hooks and tip-toes of ex-
pectation for a full hour and a half. The French
Minister here, as well as Count de Montessuny, the
French Minister at Frankfort, with several

GREAT WESTERN AND BRENTFORD
RAILWAY.

of the Wurtemherg Ministers cf State, and
Adjutants of the King, went out this morn-
ing by railway to meet the Emperor at the
frontier station of Bruehsal. During the for

noon, while all the world was talking and
thinking exclusiively of the French Emperor, the
Russian Czar was driving about the town to piy
visit; to his relations in a simple barouch and a pair
of horses, with his brother-in-law, the Prince
Alexander of Hesse, seated at his right hand; and
by this contrivance he passed everywhere unrecog-
nised by the people, which is the more feasible, as
at a little distance his round fur cap can hardly las)
distinguished from the bearskin caps of the Wur-
ternberg feldjagers. The Emperor of Russia was
received yesterday as one of the family at an in-
significant railway station outside of the town with-
out any guard of honour or fuss of any sort being
made with him, the King's private c urine even
being used on the occasion ; but the Emperor Louis
Napoleon has been received to-day at the terminus
here in the town with all possible state and c3ra-

Fully believing, with all native Indians them-
selves, that the Mutiny must and will be crushed
in no long time, it is most important for the
British public to prepare itself by obtaining ade-
quate information, for the serious questions which
will immediately follow. We must indeed keep
alive the military energies of our Administration,
but we would impress upon all ENGLISHMEN, that
a grave responsibility now lies upon them. Better
far that we should at once abdicate our rule in
India than conduct it as wo have done. The
grand fault has been that constituencies have
neither known nor cared anything about India ;
it has been left to the Company and the Cabinet
of the day, and has been used by each for its own
purposes. In India, therefore, jobbery and pa-
tronage have had full scope—administrative vis
inertice has been almost insuparable ; and the
srcumlocutioie work between the two Boards
has surpassed anything which fiction dares ven•
Lure on. The constituencies alone can change all
this. They are the ultimate, the really sovereign
power in this country. What they only will must
be done. - If they feel as they ought to feel that
their representatives ought to understand fairly
the affairs of our Indian empire, candidates, and
members of Parliament who hope to remain mem-
bers, will at least read up and qualify. Au In-
dian debate will no longer be a bore. A Double
Government will no longer disgrace our Adminis-
tration. An Indian Secretary, of somewhat dif-
ferent capacity to our CHARLES WOODS and
VERDANT SMITHS, Will be demanded to face a
critical House of Commons ; and, we must add,
that men of the METCALFE, or at least of the
ELGIN qualifications, will be demanded for the
office of Governor-General. A respectable poli-
tical head to the office of which Mr. ROWLAND
HILL is the real head, will not be deemed the
man to govern a population six, times as largo as
that of the British isles.

mony. Not only was the main station le( pt
stictly reserved for the members of the Court, bat
also the street leading from the station to the Pal3ce
was lined with infanty and Lancers.; this latter re-
giment very singularly, however, displayed at its
head an Imperial eagle with the N, being a stan-
dard it took from troops under the command of
the uncle in 1814, and was now paraded so judi-
ciously before the eyes of the nephew in 1857.
An eye-witness of the interesting ceremony that
took place at the terminus enables me to inform
your readers and future historians of the impor-
tant fact, that the Emperor Louis Napoleon,
on alighting from the railway carriage, twice em-
braced the King of Wurtemberg, who was wait-
ing to receive him. This, doubtless, fOrmed part of
the French programme of -the ceremonies; but i;
certainly Would not have been introduced of his
own accord by the King, who is an extrome'y
cold, reserved, undemonstrative person. On this
occasion all the members of the Royal family were
present en grande tenue, with state carriage and
servants in gold liveries, but, unfortunately, as the
Itlrriages were not, open, probably on account of the
scorching heat .and the dust, the carriages and the
servants were all that the patient public got to see
after two hOurs' waiting.
The trcops had hardly drawn off, after the cortege
of carriages conveying the Emperor and his sums
to the Palace had passed by, when a feldjuger
rode rapidly through the garden by the side of the
Palace, and had hardly time to clear a space
through the crowd when the Emperor, of Russia
dr we up in a carriage and pair with his brother-
in-law, the Prince of Hesse, and followed by a
single adju: ant. My letter of yesterday has thi
you that the two Emperors would dine to-day with
their respective hosts separately, and meet for the
first time this evening at the entertainment given
by the Crown Prince, and it may be that this is
true still ; but if it be otherwise, and the Emperor
of Russia has come to dine with the King and his
Imperial guest, I should be diq..vd to believe,
from the excellence of my authority for the former
version, that his Russian Majesty has unexpect-
edly deviated from the arrangements
that well-
informed members of the Court believed yesterday
to be still valid. It is impossible also that the
visit is only one of formal greeting and a mark of
attention to the French Emperor ; on thei oth(,r
hand. a much more surprising deviation
from the
intended programme, which I have ben enabled
already to announce to you by telegraph, consi-ts
in the approaching arrival of the Empress of

Indeed the strongest of all reasons with thou-
sands of our electors will soon make its appeal to
them, unless they awake to their duty. India
cannot be held by the sword alone, except at an
enormous 'expense. European troops in such a
climate must entail au enormous expense, they
require so much attendance,. and the invalid list
will always be
SO large, that it is hardly possible
to compute the cost of keeping India by a very
large force of British
onets. The Brahmins
and Mussultnen cannot be trusted to any great
extent again in the Bengal
presidency at least, nor
will it be safe to enlistvery largely from any
class of natives again. We must chiefly rely on
such a European force as can be afforded, and on
an administration of justice and of general G:-
verninent, which will wake the natives indisposed
L to disturb it. Hitherto this has not been the

which is now expected to take place to-morrow, it '
is also a novelty in the arrawlenirlits, that it s!aold.i
have been decided 'at lenlFth that the Prince of

T fl[E !0"1§4, OL 0 N'UO l'11?-1M.O.Ni'D A Y .E.V EN IN G pASIEP IEMBER 23, x`1857

Prussia shall come hither to greet the Emperor
Louis Napoleon in the name of the King, his

brother, for it had hitherto been understood that
he would pay his respects to the French Emperor
in his k tracter of Military Governor of the Rhenish
Provinces only, when the latter should touch upon
Prussian territory on his return homewards.
The reasons that were hither-o supposed to have
deterred the Empress of Russia from accompany-
ing the Emperor hither, were stated generally to be
questions of etiquette, a phrase which says nothing
of itself, and leaves everything to Le guessed ; at
any rate, they were certainly not political, and,

Birthday. Before his departure the King signed
a rscript authorising the Council of Ministers to
take measures to prevent the spread of cholera.
The malady, however, is beginning to lose its in-
tensity, and no new case has taken place during
the last few days. The small port of Korsoer, of
which the population is only 2,000, has had 228
cases, of which 132 were fatal. In several pacts of
the kingdom, however, dysentery is making nume-
rous victims."

The King of Holland has selected from the list
of names sent in, Baron Van Golstein to bo presi-
dent of the Second Chamber of the St des-General.

The Madrid journals of the 211 contain no poli-
tical news. The Prince of Orange had taken leave
of the Queen, and left for Va!encia. Her Majesty
conferred on him the Grand Cross of the Order of
Charles 111.

The Corriere Mercantile, of Genoa, of the 24th,
announces that a cer'ain number of refugees have
been ordered out of Piedmont.

1537a1 and Military Inniligence.

The freight ship Damietta arrived at Woolwich
on Saturday from the docks to embark stores and
ammunition for Simon's Town. The freight ship
Albion commenced shipping military stores on S
t-
turday from Woolwich Arsenal for Jamaica, and
the Margaret Thompson for Bermuda, the Britan-
nia for Gibraltar, the Madras for Sierra Leone,
and the Isabella Blyth for the Mauritius. The
above-named vessels are in the London and Vic-
toria docks. The troop transport Southampton is
ordered down to Gravesend, and will embark on
the sth proximo a company of the 7th Dragoon
Guards for India, together with ammunition and
stores from Woolwich.

The hired screw.steamship Ireland, with 14 offi-
cers and. 300 rank and file of the 98th regiment,
from Portsmouth for the East Indie., was off Ply-
mouth at noon on Friday, all well.
The screw steam frigate Chesapeake, 51, Capt.
Rundle B. Watson, from Portsmouth, arrived at
Plymouth Sound on Friday, and was appointed to
sail on Sunday for the East Indies.
The screw steam sloop Conflict, 8, Commander
Courtenay, went out of Plymouth Sound on
Tl.ursday afternoon, and made a satisfactory trial
of her engines:
The screw steamer Doris, 32, having received,
her engines, was undocked at Keyham, on Thurs-
day.
The Brazilian Corvette Imperial Marinheiro, 16,
Captain Torris e Alvin, from Algiers, September
3d, and Gibralter, 15th, entered Plymouth Sound
yesterday morning. She has been cruising in the
Mediterranean, and after inspecting Plymouth
will visit Portsmouth and all the other first-class
ports.
Oar Portsmouth correspondent reports a desire
on the part of the officers and men of the fleet to
contribute one day's pay each towards the fund for
the relief of the sufferers by the mutinies in India,
a desire most laudable and honourable to all con-
cerned, and one which will realize a handsome
addition to the fund.

The gear for the six sail of the line ordered to be
prepared, as reported by our Portsmouth cor-
respondent some time since, is nearly complete.
The ships thtis believed to be intended for the
Channel fleet next year are the following :
Guns. Horse power.
Duke of Wellington ... ... 131 700
Mai 'borough ... 131 800
Royal Sovereign ... 1.31 800
Victor Emmanuel ... 91 600
Ccear ... 91 400
Hannibal ... 91 450
These, it is believed, wilt be the chief members of
any channel squadron commissioned, and the
necessity for recruiting in the navy has became as
necessary as in the army, for the Chesapeake left
on Thursday without her full complement, and the
Ganges, 84, flagship of Rear-Admiral Baynes,
C. 8., for the Pacific command, is hors de combat
at Spithead from the same cause. Men won't
enter, and boys are not very likely to be picked up
if the 2/. fur their outfits is insisted. upon as
necessary to insure entry if found otherwise quali-
fied.

The Diadem, 32, Captain Moorsom, C. 8., has
got nearly her complement, and among them some
very good seamen.
The recruiting sergeant may be seen and the
fife and drum heard in the town and outskirts of
Portsmouth at aknost every hour of the day. The
Artillery seems the most successful corps.

THE GOVERNMENT AT CALCUTTA AND THE
INTERIM COMMANDER-IN-CHIEF.

MEMORANDUM.

CAlcutta, Juno 22,1857.
I beg to submit the following observations regarding
my own position :
-

2. If the present disturbances were confined to a par-
ticular localty, and we liad an army in hand and under
control, a few concise general observations would answer
every purpose.
3. As it is., however, we have no native army, and
the very limited European force avail tble must operate
on many distkot and separate points, each body ur.der
its own commandant, the whole being, properly, suljet,
to the general control and guidance of the commander-

in-chief.
4. I think the commander-in-chief can most efficiently,
and assuredly most expeditiously, control and direct all
general military arrangements and movements now,
and the reorganisation and regeneration of the army
hereafter, if he has the advantage of being in personal
dmictunication with the head of the government, if he
learns the views of government with respect to the in-
eumera,bie que'tions which must constantly ariao, and,
which is highly important, if he is made acquainted with
the mass of intelligence which may be expected to reach
the Government from every quarter ot Ibis empire.
5. If the eommandet•in-chief is at the seat of Govern-
ment he can readily direct and guide the military
arrangements of every description of the whole army ;
if he attaches himself to one of the smaol isolated bodies
of troops moving about the country, he can only dir,ct
its proceedings, and the general conduct ot matters con-
nected with the entire army must be altogether neglected
and put aside for the time.
6. I also may observe that it is quite impossible to
conduct the multifarious duties of this large army with-
out a numerous staff and er.ensive office establisbmert,
requiring, when moving about the country, a complete
regiment as an escort, and a large amount of carriage
for their transport, neither the one nor tke other of
which can be supplied under present circumstances.
7. On the whole, therefore, I entertain a decided
opinion that the duties of t4e commander-in-chief can ho
most efficiently and most usefully discharged at the seat
of Government. But if the Governor-General in Coun-
cil tuinkis otherwise, and considers that my presence at
some other point would be more beneficial to the public
service, I am prepared to start at once for any destina
tion to which it may be desired I should repair.
PATRICK GRANT, Lieutenant-General,
C commander-in-Onief.

MINUTE BY THE GOVERNOR-GENERAL OF INDIA IN