The Sun.
London, England, 1859-09-07 00:00:00

RUPTURES.

WHITE'S MOC-MAIN PATENT LEVER
TRUSS is allowed by upwards of 200 professional
gentlemen to be the best for Hernia. It consists of a
small and elastic pad, to which a lever is attached,
and (instead of the usual steel spring) a soft bandage, fitting
so closely as to avoid detection. A descriptive circular may
be had, and the truss forwarded by post, on the circumference
of the body, two inches below the hips, being sent to the
manufacturer, Mr. John White, 228, Piccadilly.
Single Truss, 165., 215., 265. 6d., and :its. I'M. Postage, is.
Double ditto, 31s. 6d., 425., and 625. 6d. Postage, is Bd.
Post-office Orders to John White, Post-office, Piccadilly.
Maker of Elastic Stockings, Knee-caps, &c.

CERTAIN 'for the AFFLICTED.—.
Dr. SCOTT'S BILIOUS and LIVER PILLS, pre-
pared without any mercurial ingredient, from the recipe of Dr.
Scott, of Bromley, Kent, are a sure remedy for affections of the
liver, indigestion, bile, sick headache, giddiness, loss of appe-
tite, lowness of spirits, Am They can be taken at any time,
without any danger from wet or cold, act mildly on the bowels,
without pain or griping, clear the skin, remove sallowness
and pimples, purify the blood, brace the nerves, and invigo
rate the whole system. Sold by most druggists, in boxes,
is. ii,d. and 2s. 9cl. each. Be sure to ask for Dr. Scott's
Bilious and Liver Pills. The genuine are a square green
package, with "W. Lambert, 20, Jermyn-street." engraved
on the Government stamp. ,

3, GREAT MARLBOROUGH-STREET, W., NEAR
THE PANTHEON..

DR. CULVERWELL, Member of the Royal
College of Surgeons, Licentiate of Midwifery, and Apo-
thecaries' Hall, London, can 136 consulted daily (only) as
above, on all cases of Nery ms Debility, Languor, Incapacity,
Loss of Memory, Sterility, and all Functional Derangements
of both Sexes, emanating from early and excessive indul-
gences.

Has Just published, price is. ; by post, 13 stamps,
18 sealed,
No. 4, •
An entire new and original Work, entitled
OURSELVES.

Synopsis : The Physiology and Anatomy of our Generation
- 'file Origin of Disease-Symptoms, Treatment, and Cure.
Also, an Exposition of, and Remedy for, all Urinary Derange
ments and Marital Disqualifications,
MALE.
The modern treatment of Syphilis, Stricture, Blennerrhagia
(Gonorrhoea), Spermatorrhcea, Impotency, and all Diseases of
the Urinary Organs, with Prescriptions, &c.
FEMALE.
- - - -

The Physiology and Anatomy of Women- Functional Ir-
re,9,-nlarities in Health awl Sickness—Choice in Marriage,-
Their Expectancies and Disappointments—The Cause and
.nemoval of Sterility—The Theory and Symptoms of Gesta-
tion—Use of the Speculum, and the _securing of Healthy
Offspring. Also,
No. 1.
HEALTH, HAPPINESS, and LONGEVITY ;
On Debility, Nervousness, Dyspepsia, and Indigestion,
No. 2.
LOVE AND MARRIAGE :
Their Obligations, H,appiness, and Disappointments ; Love
and other Matches. Sterility Removed, and Healthy Off-
spring secured.

No. 3.
THE CASE BOOK :
100 Cases of SPERMATORRHCEA.
Their Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment, Confessions and
Cure by Cauterisations, Galvanism, &c. &c. &c.
To be had of Mann. 39, Cornhill ; and the Authors.
Advice to the Working Classes, fee Half-a-Guinea.

f)i-NE HUNDRED POUNDS. REWARD ON
CONVICTION.
The fearful dangers to invalids from spurious imitations of
DU BARRY'S invaluable HEALTH-RESTORING REVA -
LENTA ARABICA FOOD led to an investigation, and,
upon application in 1854 for protection, the High Court of
Chancery granted an injunction restraining Alfred Hooper
Nevill, and his agents, under a penalty of .G 5,000, from selling
any article resembling* or being a colourable imitation of Du
Ilarry's Revalenta Arabica, of which we are the sole pro-
prietors. Now, therefore, this is to give notice that the above
reward will be Old, upon conviction, to anyone giving infor-
mation of an breach ofe injuti An nt
public requires yno admonition to shun allon. shopkeepersintelli who
may attempt impositions. London : IBARRY DU BARRY
& CO, •
NO MORE SICKLY OR ILL-CONDITIONED HORSES
OR OTHER CATTLE.
RAREY'S HORSE and CATTLE-IMPROVING FOOD
restores the efficiency, vigour, endurance, and muscle of ill-
c.)nditioned or apparently worn-out Horses, Cows, Bul-
locks, Calves, Sheep, and Pigs. In a short time It improves
their appearance and value by 20 and 30 per cent. RA.REY
and Co., 77, Regent's Quadrant, London. In tins at 35., at 65.,
at 11 s. in casks, of about 450 feeds, 508. ;of about 1,00 feeds,
£5, being about lid. per feed.
Forwarded on receipt of Post-office orders. The-casks free
of carriage.

NO MORE MEDICINE
Price 2(1., free by post, a popular treatise, sixty-four Pages,
THE NATURAL REGYN'ERATION of the DIGESTIVE

ORGANS, •
practically illustrating the effectual Cure, without Medicine,
Acidity, (dyspepsia), habitual Constipation, Flatulency
Ration of the Heart, Torpidity of the Liver,
of En digesptiaoinp
bilous Headaches, Nervousness, Biliousness, General Debi-
lity, Cough, Asthma, Consumption; Despondency, Spleen, AM,
without Pins, Purgatives, or, Medicine of any kind, by a
simple, pleasant, and infallible means; adapted to the general
reader. London : Barry Du Barry & Co. 77, Regent-street.

and Old Stores.
BY Order of the SECRETARY OF STATE
for WAR.—TO BE SOLD BY PUBLIC AUCTION,
at the Royal Arsenal, Woolwich, on MONDAY, the 12th of
September,-1859, at 11 o'clock in the forenoon, precisely, the
following stores :—Harness, Junk, Paper, Serge, Clothing,
Miscellaneous Stores, Iron, Wood, dic.
May be viewed from 10 to 1 o'clock, and from 2 till 5 o'clock,
on the three working- days previous to the sale, and Cata-
logues obtained at the War-office, Pall-mall; at the Tower ;
and Royal Arsenal, Woolwich.

CONTRACT FOR BALL BAGS, Sze., FOR THE itOYAL
MARINES.

Department of the Comptroller for Victualling,
Somerset-place, 3d September, 1859.
THE COMMISSIONERS for EXECUTING
THE OFFICE of LORD HIGH ADMIRAL of the
UNITED KINGDOM of GREAT BRITAIN and IRE-
LAND, DO HEREBY GIVE -NOTICE, That on THURS-
DAY, the 15th instant, at Half-past One o'Clock, they will be
ready to treat with such Persons as may be willing to Con-
tract for supplying and delivering into her Majesty's
Victualling Stores at Deptiord all such quantities of BALL
BAGS, fitted with Oil Bottles, complete, as shall from tim.3
to time be demanded, for the use of the Royal Marines, under
a contract for 12 months certain, and afterwards until the ex-
piration pf three months' warning.
Patterns of the articles may be seen at the Marine Office,
New-street, Spring-gardens, between the tours of 1 and 4
o'clock.
Particular attention is called to the recent modifications of
the conditions of the contract, which may be seen at the said
office.
No tender will be received after half-past One o'clock on
the day of treaty, nor any noticed unless made on the printed
form provided for the purpose, and which may be obtained on
application at the said office.
Every tender must be addressed to the Secretary of the
Admiralty, and bear in the left-hand corner the words
" Tender for ," and must also be delivered at Somerset-
place.

FROM THE GAZETTE. OF YESTERDAY

FOREIGN-OFFICE, SEPT. 2.
Tho Queen has been graciously pleased to appoint Wil-
liam Dougal Christie, Esq., now her Majesty's Minister
Plenipotentiary to the Argentine Confedezation, to be her
Majesty's Envoy Eitraordinary and Minister Plenipoten•
tiary to the Emperor of Brazil.
-

WHITEHALL, SEPT. 6.
The Queen has been pleased to present the Rev. James
M'Fadyen to the church and parish of Kildalton, in the
presbytery of Isla and ,Jura, and county of Argyll, vacant
by the death of the Rev. Archibald M'Tavish.

ADMIRALTY, AUG. 15.
NAVAL KNIGHTS OF WINDSOR.—The Lords Commis-
sioners of the Admiralty, do hereby give notice to such
Lieutenants in her Majesty's Navy, as are desirous of be-
ing recommended for the appointment of Naval Knight of
Windsor, under the will of the late Samuel Travers, Esq.,
that they must apply at this office, on or before the 26th
day of September next, when they will be informed of the
nature of the certificates and testimonials which are re-
quired to show that they come within the meaning of the
said will, which expresses that they " are to be superan.
uated or disabled Lieutenants of English men-of-war," and
shall be•single men without children, inclined to lead a vir-
tuous, studious, and devout life, to be removed if they give
occasion for scandal. C. PAGET.

COMMISSION SIGNED BY THE QUEEN.
Royal Wilts Militia—Waller Blakeney Persse, Gent., to
be Adjutant from the Bth July, vice Balers, resigned.
COMMISSIONS BY LORD S-LIEUT ENANT.
Inverness-shire, &c., Highland Light Infantry Regi-
ment of Militia—Archibald Hearne McNab, Esq., to be
Lieutenant, vice Cameron, promoted.
The City of Edinburgh Volunteer Rifle Corps—The Lord
Provost of Edinburgh for the time being to be Honorary
Colonel ; James Moncrieff, Esq., M.P., to be Lieutenant-
Colonel ; Major David Davidson to be Majov.. To be Cap-
tains—Edward Streathern Gordon, Esq., John Anthony
Macrae, .Esq., James Anstruther, Esq., Allen Baize% Esq.,
James ebster, Esq., John Maitland, Esq., Samuel Hay,
Esq., Duncan M'Callum, Esq., John Gorrie, Esq., Chas.
Farquhar' Shand, Esq. To be Lieutenants—Archibald
Thomas Boyle, Gent., Adam William Black, Gent., Thos.
Graham Murray, Gent., David Nicholas Colson, Gent.,
John Carment, Gent., Thomas Goldie Dickson, Gent.,
George Michael Tytler, Gent., James Grant, Gent., Wm.
Blackwood, Gent., Archibald Fullarton, .Gent. To be
Ensigns—Frederick Lewis Maitland Heriot, Gent., John
Ballantyne, Gent., Thomas Mackenzie, Gent., William
Turner, Gent., David Todd Lees, Gent., James Howden,
Gent., James Reid, Gent., Charles Scott, Gent., Robert
Roy Paterson, Gent. To be Surgeon—Douglas Maclagan,
M.D. To be Assistant-Surgeon—Patrick H. Watson,
M.D.
The following appointment is substituted for that which
appeared in the " Gazette" of the 23d August last :
Royal Wilts Militia—Cavendish Charles Hurrell, Gent.,
late Ensign in the Cambridgeshire Militia, to be Ensign,
vice Holm!m, promoted.

• . •
NOTICE OF INTENDED DISTRIBUTION OF NAVAL PRIZE
MONEY.
•

• ___.__.
Department of the Accountant-General of the Navy,
z . Admiralty, Somerset-house, Sept. 6. '
Notice is.hereby given to the Officers, Seamen, and Ma-
rines, and to all persons interested therein, that the distri-
bution of the award by the Peninsular and Oriental Com-
pany, for the recovery of the shaft of the Alma, her cargo
and other property from the wreck of the Ave., by her Ma-
jesty's ship Chesapeake, on. the 20th March, 1858, will
commence on ThUrsday, the 15th Sept., 1859, in the Prize
Branch of ,the Department of the " Accountant-General of
the Navy, Admiralty, Somerset-house."
Agents and other persons holding powers of attorney,
prize order* assignments, or other instruments, by virtue
of which they may be legally entitled to claim the share of
any captor, serving in the above-named ship, are requested
to present fhe same at this office.
The following are the shares due to an individual in the
several classes :
Any Officer, Seaman, Marine, or other person, who may
desire to receive his share from the Collector of Customs or
of Inland Revenue within the United Kingdom, is required
to intimate the same by letter to be addressed " On Prize
Thisiness, to the Secretary of the Admiralty, London"—
in which letter his own place of residence is to be precisely
stated, as ?well as the place of the nearest Collector of Cus-
toms, or of Inland Revenue, from whom it would be con-
venient to receive such share of prize money.
Commodore, 2d Sixth class .... 12 1
class
Act. Commander 19 3 4 Eighth class .. • . 010 9
Third class 419 11 Ninth class ...... 0 7 1
Fourth class
Fifth class 1 15 8

BANKRUPTS.
Horatio Nelson Hornby, carrier and contractor, Little
Tower-street, City, to surrender, Sept. 16, at one, and Oct
17, at twelve, at the Court of Bankruptcy.
James William Gray', builder Paddington, Sept. 16, at
half-past eleven, and Oct. 17, at eleven, at the Court of
Bankruptcy.
William Nimmo, cotton spinner, Pendleton, Lancashire,
Sept. 22 and Oct. 6, at twelve, at the Manchester District
Court.
Wm. Gwillim, farmer, Cwmdu, Brecon, Sept. 19 and
Oct. 18, at eleven, at the Bristol District Coutt.-
Denis Eme Gauwin, ship broker, Liverpool, Sept. 12, at
twelve, and Oct. 6, at one, at the Liverpool District Court.
Samuel Johnson, draper, Burslem Staffordshire, Sept.
23 and Oct. 13, at eleven, at the Birmingham District
Court.
Edward Matthews, builder, Coventry, Warwickshire,
Sept. 16, and Oct. 7, at eleven, at the District Court of
Bankruptcy.
' SCOTCH BANKRUPTS.
James Campbell, accountant, Edinburgh.
John Toshack, wright, Cowdenbeath, Fifeshire.
Peter Wilson and Peter M'Callum, warehousemen, Glas-
gow.

SOUTH KENSINGTON MUSEUM.—During the
week ending the 3d of September, 1859, the visitors have
been as follows :—On Monday, Tuesday, and Saturday,
free days, 4,393; on Monday and Tuesday, free evenings,
3,594 •; on the three students' days (admission to the public
6d.), 03 ; one students' evening, Wednesday, 166. Total,
8,786. From the opening of the Museum, 1,038,377.
DESERTIONS FROM HER MAJESTY'S SERVICE.—

The returns of deserters from regiments and depot com-
panies, and from the navy and marines during the past
month give the extraordinary large number of 385, which is
exclusive of those who have deserted from militia regiments.
Of the above 17 are from the household infantry, 37 from ca-
valry regiments, including the military train ; 54 from the
artillery and engineers, 26 fromthenavy and Royal Marines,
and the balance from infantry regiments of the line.
LIGHT DIET.—A landlady in Philadelphia, it is
said, makes her pies so light that her lodgers can see to go
to bed without a candle after eating a moderate sized piece.

(From the. Correspondent althe Times.)
FLORENCE, SEPT. 2.
Even under penalty of being voted a " bore," I
must revert to the painful subject of the armament
of Central Italy. Nor do I think I need many apo-
logies if I am rather lengthy and diffuse in my ob-
servations. I have no direct means of speaking my
mind freely to the Italians; I believe my warning,
even in the roundabout way of an English journal,
may prove to be timely and beneficial to them.
It has been everywhere confidently stated that
the forces of these revolutionised States amount to
40,000 or 50,000 men. I have myself repeatedly
echoed the assertion I must, however, add that
this number is only realised on paper. The utmost
strength of the troops which could now be brought
into the field would not exceed 20,000, or at the
utmost 22,000 combatants. The Tuscans now under
the orders of Garibaldi may perhaps be reckoned
at 10,000. between regular troops and volunteers.
I see a letter of that brave and good man, dated
August 30, in which he contradicts the statement
of those journals which asserted that those troops
had been demoralised And disorganised by their
former Commander-in-Chief. Garibaldi winds up
by an expression of his conviction that, "judging
from their present spirit, discipline, and martial
aspect, he thinks those soldiers would have fought
with honour by the side of the conquerors at Ma-
genta and Solferino." But of their bravery and
warlike bearing no doubt ever was, so far as Llinow,
entertained. All complaints turned on the subject
of their insubordination and inaperfect training to
the hardship of fang marches and the fatigues and
privations to which they were exposed. I have no
doubt they are now in better hands, and they will
soon be able to clear themselves of all unfavourable
imputations. They are as yet untried soldiers ;
still they are soldiers, and not impossibly they
may be made to behave as veterans. The
little Tuscan army, such as it is, however, is
not a new creation. With slight modification,
it is the heritage that the late Grand Ducal
Government bequeathed on its successors—an in•
strument intended for its defence, which, as a judg-
ment upon its folly and improvidence, has been
turned against it.
Besides the Tuscans, Farini has organised a Mo-
dena brigade, a Reggio brigade, and is now busy
with the formation of a Parma brigade. Regular
troops, however, are far more difficult to be made
ready fcr active operations than to be merely pro-
jected in a decree. The Romagna division under
Mezzacapo was not ready for two months after the
enlisment was opened, and the ardour of Italian
volunteers was unavoidably damaged by the first
announcement of the peace of Villafranca. My
last certain news from Parma assured me that in
that city no more than 500 volunteers, chiefly made
up of men dismissed from the Piedmontese ranks,
had been induced again to join the standard by the
bait of an absurdly large pay, which "bid fair to
make them a drunken and disorderly set." It is
not likely that the case may be much different with
the brigades of Modena and Reggio. Unquestion-
ably Garibaldi is the man to do wonders, even with
the poorest elements ; the raw recruits he took with
him to Lombardy under the appellation of Chas-
seurs des Alpes were by his influence improvised
into a heroic legion. But this was under the excite-
ment of immediate action and of ready and constant
success. What I fear for the Italians is not open
war, but long wearing inaction and the corrupting
life of the cities. I have no doubt that Garibaldi,
aware as I am of the 'danger of his Capuan repose,
will take care to keep his Modenese and other troops
in a state of constant employment, precisely as he
found it necessary to do with the Tuscans. At any
rate, however, I do not see tiny of these troops of
the minor Duchies mentioned as actually in being;
all the decrees speak in the future tense, and as yet,
I take it, only the embryos and padres of the three
above-mentioned brigades have been arranged, nor
do I feel confident that many hundred men could
at the present moment be produced.
In Romagna the Mezzacapo division has been
greatly interfered with. New corps have been pro-
jected under General Rosselli and Colonel Pinelli,
which, together with the release of such volunteers
as were unwilling to serve, have greatly thinned
the ranks of the original Romagnole force, so that
the utmost number alleged to be at the present
moment under Mezzacapo is computed at 8,000.
It is possible that to these we may add 3,000 men
under 4osselli. The whole of this mass, both at
Modena and Romagna, consists of men the majo-
rity of whom have never seen fire. The Tuscans
have, 1 believe, four and a-half or five batteries of
eight pieces each ; in Romagna the artillery num-
bers twelve cannon. In Tuscany, besides the 10,000
men now in the field, there may perhaps be a re-
serve of 10,000 men ; but we must reckon among
these 2,400 excellent gendarmes, the Customs and
Coast guards, and other troops who are not ex-
pected to leave the country ;' the remainder are re-
cruits. If time be allowed, unquestionably the
present efficient force of 22,000 men for all Central
Italy may be raised to double its actual amount.
Farini obtained a decree from the Assembly at its
adjournment to open a loan of 5,000,000 f.
Central Italy, if we include the three Duchies
and the Romagna, makes up a population of
4,000,000 to 5,000,000. The men sole to bear
arms at a pinch should not be less than 500,000.
When all the present arrangements are complete
the soldiers will be something like 1 to 100 sale-
bodied men,—not an unfair proportion for a State
in times of profound peace and security.
It strikes me, however, that Central Italy is not
exactly in a state of perfect safety and tranquillity,
and it is the duty of every man, at least among the
patriots, to see to what extent he may, by his person
and means, contribute to the defence of his country,
Every man who is not a paid soldier ought at
least to be an amateur soldier. The organization
of a well-managed national guard ought to place
the country in a condition to double and treble its
active force at a moment's warning. Turin mus-
tered 8,000 of this militia as early as 1848, and its
number never grew less, although the Government
never knew how to turn those excellent soldier-
citizens to any good purpose, and by their organiza-
tion, after the foolish French fashion, they seemed
intended rather for show and idle parade than for
actual warfare. In the late war, nevertheless,
some of those battalions did good service, at least as
garrisons to the strong places. At Novara, Ales-
sandria, and other Piedmontese towns, the national
guard was also to some extent a'respectable insti-
tution ; but at Genoa, and throughout the Riviera,
it never was taken up in good earnest, and never
cast very deep roots.
As to Central Italy, the Duchies of Parma and
Modena displayed great though indiscriminate zeal
in the general armament of the people. The lower
classes have arms, but the rulers, at least at Parma,
are almost afraid to allow them the use of them.
In Tuscany lheard prudent men say that " among
other silly things that had been done, the egre-
gious folly of a national guard hae not been com-
mitted." We had here no such militia,' indeed, till
after the peace at Villafranca. At the present mo-
ment I should think about 500 young men of the
middle classes, fine and brave looking men all of
them, are under arms, and a few scanty pelotons
may be seen at their drill in the squares of Flo-
rence in the cool of the evening. But the national
guard is not an " egregious folly" in a country in
want of a national armament, Every man should
own a gun and make himself acquainted with the
use of it. There is nothing under the sun more pro-
dig than Italian idleness. I could descant upon
this odious, melancholy theme from morning till
night. The Italians were idle under their absolute
rulers, because the " hard times" took away the
very breath necessary for useful employment. They
are idle now—more idle, if possible, under the new
state of things, because " the excitement of these
portentous events leaves them no mind for any pro-
fitable occupation." Even this great curse of idle-
ness might be turned to a blessing if they would
only join into fusilier bands, or muster up into rifle
companies or artillery clubs. lam told shooting
galleries have been opened at Parma and through-
out its rural districts, with very encouraging
success ; but in Tuscany no man's ears are ever
disturbed by. the crack of a rifle. In Piedmont
they have, and have had for several years,
rifle clubs, some of which are honoured every year
by Prince Humbert, the young heir of the throne,
who disputes the palm with the oldest and best
shots. In Tuscany nothing of the kind has been
attempted or even dreamt of, either publicly or in
private. The idleness of their degrading cafe life
has been only aggravated by all this stir of eman-
cipation and freedom. The eternal, frivolous,
blackguard cafe talk has been uttered certainly, but
is still nothing but talk. The yawning youth who
used to spend hours and hours discussing the legs of
a new dancing-girl, or the last scandal of the reign-
ing beauty, are now no less wearily weighing the
chances of Napoleon 111. preferring to swindle Aus-
tria rather than jockeying themselves, or of Prussia
or Austria, or the Emperor of Cathay, stepping for-
ward as the champion of the Italian cause, There
is not one standing up in that emasculated crowd
and bidding his boon companions to be men, remind-
, ing them that the cause of Italy is the business of

the Italians, and that every man with a good sound
pair of arms and legs willing to sit there and do
In
nothing, is a greater traitor tó his country than t e
Emperor Napoleon is ever likely. to be. I ha e
often spoke of the squadron of 150. hussars 'who,
the Government wished to enlist among gentlemen
of birth and fortune, who were to mount and equip
themselves at their own expense. -I am told they
rose to the number of about 60 during the war,-an d
dwindled to 25 after Villafranea, So unich'for any
chance that men of birth and wealth may be in-
duced to pay with their person and purse the price
of their country's independence! Those 25 do-
nothing hussars are still walking, more frequently
driving, about the streets of Florence, though they
have absolutely no military duties to perform. We
have plenty of men here in laced coats, mere carpet
soldiers, who wear that costume because they think
they look well in their uniform, and are fond of
dragging a ponderous—too ponderous—sword,
rattling and clattering after them, though they
know they will never be called hut for active ser-
vice, and, what is more, would be sure'never to
hear if they were called. -, , I
Not 'a very flattering picture this ! But I should
be very sorry if .this culpable laziness of the
Italians were imputed to want of .courage and un•
willingness to meet danger and death in case- of
need. The vices of the Italians must be traced to
the condition the country was in for so many cen-
turies. As they are, these people may be pro-
nounced infinitely better than, under circumstances,
'they could be expected to be. The Italians .have
lively impulses and generous instincts. They
should be taken at the right moment. When the
first rumours—of war electrified - the country,
three months ago, it was perfectly ea,sar,i to
move hundreds of thousands of Italians froth
those cafes which are their homes. In - April
last Piedmont received many more volunteers
than it was able to turn to good account. Even
at the present moment, were Garibaldi to ruh
over Tuscany, from town to town, calling the youth
to arms, he would be followed by scores of thon-
sands of volunteers. The Italians are in no fear of
fighting ; they do not shrink , from fire and steel
when their blood is up ; but they are ill-suited to
the drill and the march: They hate soldering unless
they see good cause for it. Since Villafranca they
have fallen into a torpor which is half-confidence,
half-despondency. The Emperor of the' French
gives them every assurance that no armed foreign
force shall interfere with them. The whole Italian,
French, and even English press repeats that Europe
will not stand by and see a single hair turned of a
people who behave with such exemplary decency,
dignity, and unanimity. If France and Austria
keep aloof, " where is the use," they say; "Of Our
getting a headache and sore feet in long profitless
marches, or of stiffening our limbs in useless
parades? Against our Dukes and the Pope the men
we have already under arms are more than sufficient,
and if France do not keep her word, and she, or
Austria, or both, come down upon us; what'will all
our warlike preparations avail ? To fall sword' 'in
hand and ennoble our ruin by some deed of despair !
But the courage of despair hardly needs any arms
or military training. Florence fought bravely against
Charles V. in 1529, although she had only unwarlike
citizens, headed by Francesco Ferruccio, to meet the
veterans of the Spanish and 'German armies ; and
Rome and Venice, in 1849, sold at a high rate
the victory to the French and Au.strians, although
hardly any of their volunte'er combatants knew
whether they should march with the left or the right
foot foremost. ~

It is not easy to reason with men who make so
light of man's duties. The Government P here
,wetl
aware of the people it has to deal with, sendsforth
from time to time well-turned, elegant, sentimental,
patriotic exhortations, calling upon old 'arid new
volunteers to join the army. To impress them, or
to fill the ranks of new battalions by conscription,
is a task which seems to exceed their powers or to
transcend their resolution. They must not attempt
unattainable things, and their somewhat excessive
zeal for the preservation of order renders them ex-
tremely jealous of any person who would venture,
either by speech or writing, on a more efficient
appeal to the patriotic feelings of the multitude.
Perhaps there may be wisdom in their conduct, and
the course of events may be so shaped that the Tus-
cans may never be put to the test of a desperate
defence. Unquestionably, their own Grand Duke
or the Pope, or he of Modena, will never have the
power to rouso them from their happy ease. Per-
haps their votes may be respected and their annex-
ation to Piedmont etketed without strife ; but, at
all events, they recommend the justice of their
cause to the great Powers, and will not make ready
to offer any desperate resistanoe to their ultimate
decision.
P.S.—Here is an important piece of news indeed.
The French Minister, M. la Ferriere, has been re-
called from Florence. The order has been so sud-
iien that at nine o'clock this morning the head of
the Tuscan Government, Baron Ricasoli, had not
heard one word about his departure, and the leave-
taking was so mneh of a French leave, that Sal-
vagnoli and other Ministers received no other inti-
mation of it than a card with a P.P.C. to it. May
be M. la Ferriere betrayed greater interest in the
success of Prince Napoleon as a candidate for the
throne of Central Italy than suited the present
views of the cautious and temporising French Em-
peror. Et, surtout, point de zele, Monsieur 1 'Abas-
sadeur, point de zele !