The Sun.
London, England, 1857-10-20 00:00:00

THE MEDITERRANEAN AND INDIAN

TELEGRAPHS.

Yesterday the expedition for laying the subma-
rine telegraph to connect England with Malta and.
Corfu, via Sardinia, left Liverpool for the Mediter-
ranean, and as the future of the entire system of
European submarine telegraphic communication,
including the ultimate extension of it to India, may
be said to hang on the snccess or otherwise of the
enterprise, the latest intelligence on the subject
cannot fail to be of interest. _

The cable, which has been manufactured at the
works of Messrs. Newall, at Birkenhead, is about
920 miles in length, of the same diameter as that
manufactured for the Atlantic Telegraph Company.
The first section of the line between the coast of
Sardinia and Malta will require 350 miles of cable,
and the second, between Malta and Corfu, about
the same ; the remaining 220 being reserved for
the purpose of what is called slack, and to meet
contingencies. The whole extent has been coiled
up into the hold of the Blazer, placed at the disposal
of the expedition by her Majesty's government, and
which was the vessel engaged in laying down
the first submarine telegraph between Dover and
Calais. The engineers are Messrs. if ewall arid Mr.
Webb, who had the laying down of the Orfordness
cable, and they will be joined at Cagliari by the
representatives of the French and Sardinian govern-
ments, who alsofurnish vesselsand other assistance.
The plateau of the Mediterranean, between Sar-
dinia, Malta, and Corfu, presents far more favour-
able conditions fur the submergence of the cable
than that part between Sardinia and Algiers, where
the depths are between one and two miles. The
greatest depth to be encountered between S irdinia,
Malta, and Corfu is but one mile, the average being
a dead level of not greater than half a mile, and
the physical configuration of the bottom being free
from those rocks and obstructions so opposed
to the successful operations of the telegraphic
engineer. All the most perfect appliances
in the shape of machinery and mechanical
skill have been secured for the occasion and
are of a character consistent with the importance
of the enterprise. In the event of this great sub-
marine link being successfully completed between
Sardinia and Corfu, it will be the means of sup-
plying the British Government and the East India
Company with a directroute as far asporfu toward
India and Australia, besides affording to the French
and Sardinian Governments, and the other south-
ern countries of Europe, a means of direct commu-
nication with the East. Amongst its other advan-
tages is the instantaneous communication it wines ta-
blish between England and the important Govern-
ment station and port of Malta, at present touched
at by nearly all the vessels shat navigate the Me
diterranean, and from which:Government and other
despatches are so numerous and so important. The
entire length of the line will be 700 nautical miles.
Her Majesty's Government have contracted to pay
for the transmission of their official telegrams"
and those of the East India Company, an annual
sum of 72001 fur 25 years.
With a view to the extension of tie line to India
via Alexandria, Selucia, the Persian Gulf, and
Kurrachee, through the medium of either of the
projected Red Sea or Euphrates Valley lines, a con-
cession has been obtained from the Austrian Govern-
ment for a submarine line from Ragusa, on the shores
of the Adriatic (forking out of the Corfu cab] e) to Can
dia, and thence to Alexandria, which will bring Bom-
bay within 15 days of London ; and when eitherthe
Red Sea or Euphrates lines shall be carried out in
continuation, the juxtaposition of the English and
Indian capitals, as regards the transmission of intel-
ligence, will be, so to speak, instantaneous. Then
will he realised the celebrated saying of Lord Pal-
merston in 1847, in the 'louse of Commons, when
foreshadowing the advance of the great submarine
communication. " The day," said his lordship,
" would arrive when, if the minister were asked in
the House of Commons whether a war had
broken out in India," he would answer, " Wait a
moment, and we'll telegraph to the Governor-
General and tell your.' "

MARTITU N.NWS.—(This Day.)

HAY MARKETS. •

SurniFlELD.—Meadow hay, 2/ lOs to 4/ Os; clover,
31 15s to 5/ Os; and straw, 1/ 5s to it 10s per load.
A moderate supply and a sluggish demand.

CUMBERLAND.—Meadow hay, 21103 to 41 Os; clover,
31 lOs to 51 Os; and straw, 11 5s to 11 10s per load.
Trade dull.

WUITECHAPEL.—Metidow hay, 2l 103 to 41 03 ; elovor,
31 10s to 51 03 ; and straw, 1/ 4s to 1/ Os per load.
Supply good, and trade dull.

COLONIAL,

TEX.—The market is very inactive, and not the slightest
change can be noticed in prices. About 11,030 packages
are announced for public sale on Thursday next. , Com-
mon congou is quoted 13. to 14d per lb.
SUGIR.—A fair business has been done in most descrip-
tions, and prices have ruled rather firmer, fully last Fri-
day's rates being current for all qualities. In the refined
market the demand for both home consumption and for
export has increased, and prices are well maintained.
COMM—Plantation Ceylon has been in rather active
demand, and good and fine qualities have realised a slight
advance on last week's currency. Native Ceylon is dull
and rather cheaper; other de3criptions maintain about
previous rates.

RICE--A very moderate business has been done, but
holders do not press sales, and full rates are current for the
better descriptions.
. . _

Rum—Thernarket is quiet, and no change can be quoted
in values.

FRUIT —Valentin raisins are in increased demand, but
currants are inactive. Turkey figs have been enquired for
and realise full rates.

SALTPETRE.—The transactions have been unimportant,
and holders still demand high rates. The stocks on hand
are considerably larger than at the same period last year.
INDIGO.—The public sales of this article have nearly
closed. Prices have, in some instances, ruled rather
lo wer.

TALLOW. - The market is rather more active, and prices
have improved. P.Y.C. on the spot 56s 6:1 to 57s ; all the
year 56s 3d to 56s 6d ; home melted, 571 per cwt. Stocks
ara about 8,000 casks more than at the same period of last
year.

LOSS OF THE SHIP RICHARD ANDERSON, SOUTH-
AMPTON, Saturday.—The captain and crew of the
American ship Richard Anderson, arrived at South-
ampton to-day, gives the following report of the loss of
the ship :—She left Rotterdam for Baltimore on the 29th
of August, and on the 23d of September, in lat. 44 9 N,
long. 33 12 W, she sprang a leak. The water
continued to increase, notwithstanding the constant
exertions of the crew at the pump... On the 27th of
September a hurricane from the south-west burst
over the dovoted ship, stripping her o all her sails, and
throwing her upon her beam-ends, 7.1.11 the cargo got
adrift, and the water continued to increase until i he hold
was neaey full. In this state they continued, expecting
the ship to go down every moment, until the 29th, when
the barque Ville de Fecatnp hove in sight, and took the
captain and 15 of the crew off the wreck (one of the
crew was washed overboard in the storm). They were
soon after transferred to the barque Sir Edward Parry,
bound to London, and landed at Weyfihouth, from whence
they came on to Southampton, and had an interview
with the American consul. '

NEW ACT ON THE METROPOLITAN CATTLE MARKET.
—An act of Parliament was passed i❑ the late session
to amend the Metropolitan Cattle Market Act of
1851, under which the New Smithfield Market was
erected. The object of the new statute is to give new
and more extensive powers to the City of London.
The former act is newly repealed by the present, and
the 21st Geo. 111., cap. 67, amended. By this
act a " Dead Meat Market" may be established
by the corporation, and they may make improve.
clients in the present market, and establish new markets,
but Smithfield is to remain closed as a cattle market.
The management and control of the metropolitan market
is placed under the Common Council. Bye-laws may
be made and regulations framed with respect to the
driving of cattle, by the City and the Metropolitan
Police Commissioners, which are to be sanctioned and
published. The City is empowered by the present act
to dispose of ground which they had taken, but which
is not required for the present market ; they may make
improvements, and do other acts to make the market
available for the purposes intended. Certain tolls and
dues are to be prescribed, with the approval of the Se.
cretary of State ; and the City is authorised, with the
consent of the Treasury, to raise 400,0001. for the pur-
poses of the act. Accounts are to be kept, and reports
laid before Parliament. The slaughter-houses are to be
licensed by justices. Some extensive powers are con-
ferred on the City by the new statute.
GOVERNMENT PROTECTION TO EMIGRANTS FOE
CANADA AND THE UNITED STATES.—As soon as an
emigrant ship reaches the emigrant station in the St.
Lawrence, at Grosse Isle, a few miles below Quebec, she
is boarded by the Government Medical Officer. It there
are any sick on board they are landed and remain at the
hospital, at the expense of the Government, until they
are cured. lenmediately on the ship's arrival at Quebec,
Mr. Buchanan, the Government Emigration Agent, goes
on board. He inquires into all complaints, and sees that
all the conditions of the Act of Parliament for protect.
ing emigrants have been strictly complied with. This
he is able to do in a most effective manner, as, when-
ever an emigrant ship leaves the British port for Quebec,
the Government Emigration Officer port at the forwards
to him, by mail steamer, a list of every passenger, with
their names, ages, sex, trade, &c. This list is always
received by Mr. Buchanan a fortnight before the ship's
arrival. He thus possesses every particular that may
be useful to him in protecting the emigrants, and direct-
ing them to where they can at once get suitable employ-
ment. If there be any just cause of complaint against
the captain of a ship, justice is afforded by a summary
law passed for the purpose, and Mr. Euchanan himself
superintends the prosecution. The Government of
Canada Las issued a pamphlet upon the resources of the
country and the prospects in store for the industrious
of all classes who desire to make it the land of their
adoption. This pamphlet, as well as full particulars of
the throbgh-booking system, by which emigrants are
protected from the time of their landing until they
reach their destination, together with maps of the
Canadian Railways, showing their connection with
those of the United States, continue to be issued
gratuitously to all who apply for them, personally or
by letter, at the offices of the Grand Trunk Railway
of Canada, 21, Old road-atroet, London, E,C,