The Sun.
London, England, 1861-11-02 00:00:00

THE SUN, LONDON, SATURDAY E VENIN-t;, NOVEMBER 2. 186 L

valued, and if he might be allowed to say so, de-
...
servedly esteemed by the nation. It had often i
been said by noisy Democrats and 01amonus Re-
publicans that the House of Lords /MI of no use.
True, they were Not at liberty to tax the people,
but they were in their places to protect their rights
and to preserve the institutions of the country, and
he would remind them that the Barons of England
were the first to grant liberties to the people."
The Earl should have said the first to enslave the
people, and the first to grant them franchises when
by so doing they could enlist their services against
the Monarch, or obtain from them much needed
supplies of money.

Sir JOHN PAKINGTON, who came forward in
rather high spirits, since he was inclined to believe
that the Conservatives had an actual majority in the
House at the present time, also had his lessons from
America. They might have fought there, if they
had been so disposed, on the grand issue of liberty
or slavery ; but the North, if it had not held slaves,
had sanctioned slavery, and was not fighting now
to put an end to it. Then as to reunion, " his be-
lief was that, from President LINCOLN downwards,
there was not a man in America world venture to
tell them that he really thought it possible that by
the force of circumstances the North could hope to
compel the South to again join them in constituting
the United States. It was altogether hopeless, and
it was shocking to see a war waged with so little
cause, for it was his sincere belief that the real in-
stigation for this terrible tsar was the shame they
felt that the world should witness the disruption of
tAat great experiment."

citizens as Churchmen—can prove their religion to
be as good as ours—can show that they have done
as much for social order and improvement as
Churchmen, and therefore demand to stand on an
equality with th em in the treatment they receive
from the State. When charged with being political
Dissenters, the:y ask whether their opponents are
not political Churchmen ? And, certainly, when
they see all the clergy of the land bestirring them-
selves at the call of Mr. DISRAELI, and responding
to his precise demand—" political support"—they
may justly return the compliment, and name their
adversaries political Churchmen. The simple truth is,
that neither party can effect their object but through
political action. The Church has entrenched her-
self in a politica:l position, and if the law is to be
altered Dissenters must 'een see to it that Members
of Parliament will vote as they wish them. On
the other hand ,if Churchmen will not surrender the
power of coercion, they can retain it only by
mustering power in the Legislature.
However, an Owner's rate would sweep the
Parish Vestries of the objectors to Church rates, by
whatever name we chose to call them. The owners,
it is argued, are too few and too respectable to
oppose a rate. It is also contended that they
now in reality pay the rate, that they would
therefore incur no hardships by the change. This
may be theoretically true in the case of land, but in
a majority of cases we believe it to be practically
untrue ; and in the case of the vast number of
houses built as an investment for money, it is also
not true—if the occupiers paid the Church-rate
they would not get a shilling more rent from their
tenants. The amount is one which eould not be
added to the rent of any respectable house, and on
the lower sort the landlords pay the rates already.
We strongly suspect that to press an owner's
rate on the House of Commons will be the best pos-
sible mode to pass Sir JOHN TRELAWNY'S Bill, or
a measure like that proposed by Lord
EBURY. We may be mistaken, but whether
such arguments find expression or not, the
reasoning of honourable members, so many of them
landlords, will be this—We are few, and form a
small part indeed of the worshippers, for whose
benefit the rate is levied—we shall receive no ac-
cession to our rent, through our tenants being
relieved from the rate—the burden of maintaining
their Church and worship would be a small charge
individually to them, to it would be a heavy one
—they are the persons really benefitted, if they are
churchmen—let them, therefore, pay for their own
worship. Just the conclusion of the Volun-
taries ! The Reviewer says a good deal on
the advantage of a Church to owners of
house property—he might say the same of
the advantage of a dissenting chapel in the
suburbs of any large town—and might add, with
equal truth, that it is for the interest, pecuniarily,
of any builder in our suburbs to subscribe to the
erection of either a good church or a good chapel
on his property. Either would bring him a good
class of tenants—a convenient place of worship
on Sunday being generally an object with families.
Mainly for this very ignoble reason, we think
the proposal of an owner's rate will fail. Whether
they avow it or not, the numerous "owners"
who compose the House of Commons will instinc-
tively feel the weight of the Dissenters' argu-
ment that they shall be made to pay for
other persons' worship. We must protest, however,
against the reviewer's comparison of Church and Dis-
senting liberality. We do not believe in his repre-
sentation of the niggardly nature of the majority
of Churchmen. While the rate has met the charges
of parish worship their liberality has not been
fairly appealed to. While the rate legally exists
Churchmen do not feel that their worship is cast
unreservedly upon them. Abolish the rate. Tell
us that all now lies on us as it has so long lain on
our dissenting neighbours, and we affirm and are
sure, that Churchmen's liberality will be more than
equal to the occasion, while the scandal of religious
coercion will be removed from the Church.

This is somewhat of a novel statement of the
case—yet the silly attempts of the PRESIDENT and
Mrs. STOW E, followed by a host of new celebrities,
to represent the war as one to show to the world
that free institutions can maintaim themselves,
really warrants Sir JOHN'S rather severe remark.
Sir JOHN adverted to what even Conservatives have
often admitted, that this civil war might have bro-
ken out under any form of Government—but this
only drives him to what he holds to be firm ground.
He argues that American institutions were a failure
before the war, a view in which Mr. FAY, the Ame-
rican, whose letter we remarked on yesterday must
concur. "Let them," said Sir JOHW, " ask any intel-
ligent" American citizen what were his views on
the subject. Had democracy succeeded ? Had ex-
treme democracy contributed to promote the
happiness of mankind ? What had been the
work of American institutions ? Had the ad-
ministration of justice been pure? Had the
Government been free from corruption ? Was
liberty of person secure for the minority ? Ask in-
telligent American citizens, and they would tell
them that which was within his (Sir JoHN's) know-
ledge, and which they had told again and again to
Englishmen in America and at home. ' Take warn-
ing from this country,' they had said: beware of
what you are doing in England—beware how you
copy that democracy which unhappily we have
adopted.' Did not these facts speak to them in terms
which they as intelligent citizens of a great State
were not at liberty to disregard ? Did it not say
to them in words as plain as the handwriting on
the wall—' Happy England ; cherish the institu-
tions you have; support your monarchy; guard
your pure religion ; maintain your liberties.'"

Thus far, we doubt not, our Conservative friends
are right enough—America will serve their pur-
pose. The first appearance of things is as if
democracy had been at the bottom of the failure ;
of the double failure—the one before the war, and
of the war itself. A more careful observation will
show, however, how little there is in it. The South
is the aristocratical half of the States—yet it was
amongst the aristocracy of America that the fright-
ful evil was nursed which has now split up the
Union ; on behalf of this hateful institution the
aristocracy of America corrupted the Bench of
Justice ; bullied, and even half killed, independent
men like Mr. SUMNER ; bribed and hired democracy
to override the intelligence of the North, and
surrounded the late President with jobbers. It is
aristocracy rather than democracy which has
depraved America and broken up the Union. If
Northern Democracy has been mischievous, it has
been as the tool of Southern Aristocracy. We corn-
mend these facts to the consideration of Sir JOHN
PAKINGTON and the Earl of SHREWSBURY, and to
their Conservative auditors at Worcester.

His Excellency the Belgian Minister has left
town to join Madame Van de Weyer and family, at New
Lodge, Windsor Forest.
The Duke and Duchess of Northumberland are
entertaining a succession of visitors at Alnwick Castle,
Northumberland.
The Earl Granville arrived in town yesterday
from Berlin.
The Countess Fortescue gave birth to a son on
The Quarterly _Review, in its recently published Thursday last, at Castle-hill, Devon.
number, has a somewhat racy article on Church The Earl and Countess Manvers have arrived
Rates. Its object is, however, practical, being an at the Clarendon, from Thoresby Park, Notts.
elaborate attempt to show that the only practicable Them Countess
Berkeley-square,
uof , Jfersehas Brighton.
arrived
on
n
rom
at
her
plan is to make the Church-rate an owner's rate, Viscount and Viscountessyga Palmerston have left
with an exemption for Dissenting owners, on caro- Cambridge House for Broadlands.
fully adjusted conditions. This is, of course, a Lord and Lady Rokeby have left Montagu House,
plan to throw the rate on Churchmen solely. The Portman-square, on a Continental tour.
Lord and Lady Colchester arrived at their resi-
owners of property, especially in country parishes,
dente in Berkeley-square yesterday, from Normanton
are almost exclusively Churchmen. Mr. WALPOLE, Park, Rutlandshire, where they have been staying on a
in 1859, procured a return from 9,853 parishes, and visit to Lord and Lady Aveland. The noble lord and her
ladyship will leave town early next week for Brighton.
in 8,803 of them the owners were Churchmen; in
Lord and Lady George Quin have arrived in
the remaining 1,050 parishes there was a proper- Belgrave-square, from visiting Lord and Lady Aveland at
tion of Dissenting landowners. Thus the mere Normanton Park, Rutlandshire.
change of direct ineidence of the rate would be Their Imperial Highnesses the Grand Duke and
Duchess Constantine and suite will arrive from the Isle of
almost Equivalent to placing it entirely in
Wight to-day, at Claridge's Hotel, where apartments have
the hands of those who belong to the been prepared for their reception.
Established Church ; and, adding the proposed The Bank of England have given notice that, in
order to prepare the dividends due on the sth of January,
exemption, it would do so completely.
1862, the balances of the several accounts in the following
The writer lays down as the test of any success- funds will be struck on the night of Monday, the 2d of De -
ful proposal that it must ensure peace. Parish war cember—viz.,NThr dThllrelef per
Cent Annuities,
Consolidatedl Annuities,
is the grand nuisance of the present rate, and unless
per Cent.
I‘T New Five
A An-
this
perwCent. Annuities,n it•rwr Two4-and-a-Half
this be got rid of nothing is achieved. The volun- nuities, Annuities for terms of years, India Five per Cent.
tarp rate, or Lord EBURT'S plan, which he terms Stock;b nand
above-named
at
dons wiTlluebsedaty, rant,hfeera3bdle ovfitDheacetmtbher,e d.the
vi-
the only possible compromise, namely, to abolish
dend due on the sth of January next. The old East India
the power of legal enforcement of the rate, would Stock will shut on the 13th of December, 1861, to open on
obviously make matters peaceful enough. But the the 7th of January.
reviewer dreads "the hat." He draws a deplorable APOTHECARIES'-HALL.—The following gentlemen
passed their examination in the science and practice of
picture of the parish clergyman at the head of a medicine, and received certificates to practis', on Thursday,
pro-rate party in his parish, exposed to all the Oct,ber 31 :—Woodruffe Daniel, Ipswich, Suffolk; William
suspicions as to his motive, and to all the annoyances Richard
cle Grove,
enAnnastreteTtaolrteastr., Sjtoahffdh
norßaeeisre • Sidney Hayward,
&okerlslington
of a candidate at an election. But against this William Hood, York ; Henry Goode, Derby ; Thos. Poyntz
he sets the picture of the Birmingham begging Wright, Tiverton ; William Holmes Walker, Marskh!s.
first The
clergyman, who declares that his time is quite
efoxlalomwininagtiognentleraamnesalHso
Tnodd theConme
nor, day passed
iae
King's College.
swallowed up in raising money to keep his church
THE ENOII3IOUS ARMAMENTS OF EUROPE.—
a going. Neither voluntary rates nor rates collected Some correct statistics have been collected respecting the
by getting a majority of occupiers will do. One numberl of men employedrt in the armies ofEofutrhoepep,roanoTdesist
keeps the parish and the clergyman in constant hot
ofls
mankindy
to almost efind that something ke one
ething like despair,ooo,ooo of men, at
water, and the other leaves him, in the clerical sense, the lowest computation, are under arms. Here is a list :
to " shill penury," freezing the religious;curren tof Army of Austria, 738,344 ; Prussia, 719,092; Russia,
his soul. 850,000 ; France, 626,000 ; Great Britain and India,
534,827; Denmark, Sweden, Spain, Portugal, and Italy,
Hence the necessity of a media via—one which 303,497; total, 31,77,760. The cost of maintaining, cloth-
shall get rid of the troublers, but not get rid of the i
hn g'
cl payingaldlso t he,oge men,
nat theblnowt
thavaelroasgseisofnaXt4otapbeer
eenoarnmuou ms- as
rate. Now who are the troublers ? Not, we are it is, for we must also
measur is
ed by 'oOthis' 00
sum per
,
told, the religious Dissenters, the descendants of the reckon what would be gained were this mass of labour pro-
ancient Puritans, but the political dissenters. The ductive, instead of unproductive. The labour of 3,771,760
former are " sincere narrow-minded
able-bodied men cannot be calculated as producing less
but the , and fanatical "
' than £120,000,000 per annum, so that virtually between the
y
did not begin the ag ,
itation against Church cost of their maintenance and what they ought to produce
Rates. They
are used by the political Dissenters as
the catspaw was used by thet fox for the chestnuts, were their labour utilized, there is a difference of something
like £300,000,000 a-year. We are quite sure this sum is
nuisance—the Philistines but it is the latter who are rather under than over the mark. The worst feature of all
clergyman.
whol2heeirforever assailing
unmanageable parish tshis isince tthhate wecansee no termination. to this expenditure.
characteristicstt is breakdown of popular institutions in America,
the peace-loving clergy
that they aim to pull down Church, and the outbreak of the savage war which the Republicans
and Democrats of that country are waging against each
de, House other, we may turn in vain for consolation. from the Old to
of Lords—everything indeed—and to hand
of Dio-
r the the New World.-21/-oriey Market Renew.
ltahboiat
rule to the Sovereign Mob. On this point wenrust THE YELVERTON MARRIAGE CASE.—The Scotch
say that, having seen and heard not a little Commissionb of Inquiry into certain matters connected with
ttiniagsutrltuinaatefi marriage,t and d which commenced. its si.ts-
t
Major Yet:ero:tiOn,
centers, in consequence of our own hearty opposi..
sefulrtao,
,B
tio a
close
ouronTu Wednesday,s ayanmd oirtniisng,
understoodbrought t h
att
tion to rating them for our worship—we ha-re
clNiflathnicushester
suit.denee Thet
ne nadt are which
concerned,vwill be anything but satisfactory to
always found them very much like Churchmen—a
.now be far distant, as the evi-
hteidmttintalthceanfunratth,esraanfacre
as
sf
thehis
Scotch courts
set of people enough, but rather so.?ee
about what would make us sore enough reasonable
were th
/conditions reversed. They are, they say, as good in Major Yelverton's proolerst now is the last to be given

Tm-;1 • ir•r,

BERLIN, Nov. 2.

The Preussische Zetung of to-day says:—
" In consequence of the I:;.ing of Prussia and the
Crown Princess being slight'.y indisposed, the in-
tended journey to Breslau will probably be post-
poned for a few days.

CONSTANTINOPLE, OCT. 27 (via KUSTENDJE.)
The Moldavian Ministry, under the presidency of
M. Fano, which recently resigned, has been suc-
ceeded by one composad of members of the ultra
National party.
A riot took took place among the Armenians at
Constantinople during the election of the Patriarch
of Jerusalem. Troops were called out to quell it.
According to news from Erivan Dost Mahomed
was marching on Bokkara.
Cholera is prevalent at Bagdad an Jabuez.
The emigration of Bulgarians to Bessarabia is
extending.
The provincial news of the week is good.

THE BRAZIL AND RIVER PLATE MAILS.

SOUTHAMPTON, Nov. 2.

LITERATURE,

The Royal Mail Company's steamship Tyne, Cap-
tain Wooloott, with the Brazil and River Plate
mails, arrived this morning about 4 o'clock. She
brings 97 passengers, specie value £119,238, nine
packages of diamonds, 1,536 bags of coffee, 512
rolls of tobacco, 255 barrels of tapioca, and 140
packages of sundries.

The Tyne brings dates from Buenos Ayres to
Sept. 28 ; Montevideo, 30 ; Rio de Janeiro, Oct. 9 ;
Bahia, 13 ; Pernambuco, 15 ; and St. Vincent, 22.
On the 19th inst. the Tyne spoke the Commerce
de Paris bound from Rio to Havre, and on the 23d
the Augustin Granger, bound from Bordeaux to
Singapore, 24 days out.
BUENOS AYRES, SEPT. 28.

We have positive news of a splendid victory for
the Constitutional party of the Republic. The arms
of Buenos Ayres have given a death-blow to the
barbarism which has so long desolated this coun-
try. The revolution of May, 1810, is ended, and,
for the first time in history, the Liberal party
among the Argentine people is rriumphant.
Our dry goods market has "felt the state of war
'severely. Business continues at a complete stand.
The local trade is completely paralysed ; the rivers
being closed, nothing has been done with the inte-
rior. Importers in general will not sell for currency,
owing to the great fluctuation in specie among
the dealers. There is a manifest unwillingness to
buy for silver. Our produce markets have been
very dull during the month, owing chiefly to the
few arrivals of produce, all the native peons being
in arms. Present stock of hides amounts to 75,006;
sales have been limited. Prices of ox 47 to 48.
Prices of wool are nominal, and no buyers.

Colburn's New Monthly.

Mrs. Henry Wood's new story, " The Shadow of
Ashlydyat" proceeds with interest. The " shadow"
seems to be hanging over the Godolphins in several
directions. Where the stroke is to fall we are not,
however, yet told. A new family is introduced to
us, one of whom is the betrothed wife of Thomas
Godolphin, and certainly the most attractive lady,
whose acquaintance we have yet made. Sir
Nathaniel gives us a paper on the Emperor Joseph
H., son of Maria Theresa, who is less known than
he deserves to be. :Cyrus Redding, the veteran con-
tributor to the New Monthly, furnishes a paper
worth reading on Rome and Italy. The country
and the people of Siam are the subject
of another article which is entertaining. Those
who seek amusement, however, had better turn
to the account of the adventures of " A Cara-
van of Parisians in the Desert," which begins
merrily enough, but ends with exciting perils,
" Granville de Vigne" has reached the eleventh part
in its author's accnstomed style, and its hot-tem-
pered and ill-trained hero is preparing trouble
for himself and others. W. C. Kent's interest-
ing series of Stereoscopic glimpses of the poets
in their homes has reached the nineteenth
number, which gives us a graphic descrip-
tion of Falconer at sea—the author of " The
Shipwreck" being more truly represented on
the scene of his great poem than on any spot on
terra firma. The lines before us show a vivid pic-
ture of the images floating through the sailor's
mind, while gliding over tranquil waters he sees the
horrors of the shipwreck—

Exchange on London, 635. 6d. ; Pais, 80 to 801
BAHIA, OCT. 13.

Sugar.—Although the present crop doubles that
of last year, it is considerably below the average of
former years. Expectations for the coming crop
are favourable, but arrivals are on a limited scale,
and consist mostly of ordinary descriptions. Small
lots of regular quality in cases have changed hands
at 1,900 dols. to 2,000 dols. per aroba with abate-
ments, ordinary having sold as low as 1,600 dole. per
aroba for browns, and 2,500 dols. to 2,600 dols.
for whites ; superior qualities are inquired for,
but there are none in the market, with exchange at
251 d ; brown costs 15s 3d to 17s 9d, and whites,
22s td to 22s lld per cent. free on board, exclusive
of freight. Cotton has almost ceased to be an
article of importation from this port, not more
than 146 bales having been shipped of last
crop. Coffee—Caravellas have been sold at 6,300
dols. to 6,900 dols. per aroba for washed, and
5,400 dols. to 6,200 dols. for unwashed. Sup-
plies from the interior are mostly contracted for.
No sales of importance have transpired. Cocoa
continues neglected, and has been disposed of
at 4,100 dols. to 4,500 dols. per aroba ; hides,
last sales, were at 175 to 180 reis per lb. ; for
drysalted, stocks in hand unimportant ; rum con-
tinues at 45,000 dols per pipe. Freights for the
Channel, 45s per ton ; Liverpool, 40s ; other British
ports, 455. Exchange closed at 25,1 d and 251 d 90
days.

PERNAMBUCO, OCT. 15.

Sugar—The prospects of a good supply in the
present crop appear verified; the entries by land
and water since the Ist have been greater than dur-
ing the same period for the last four years. Channel
browns are offering freely at 1,900 dols per arroba,
but the scarcity of vessels prevents exporters ex-
porting to any extent at present. White qualities
of new crop have advanced in price, the entries
since the Ist are 1,172 tons against 63 ditto in
same time last year. Cotton.—Prices have varied
from 9 dol. 400 to 9 dol. 800 per arroba for fine
quality. Paraiba and Maceio Cotton.—Sales of
former have been made at 10 dol. 500 to 10 dol.
600, latter 10 dol. 200 per arroba, both free on
board. Hides. Drysalted, 175 reis per lb.
Freight.—Vessels have been wanted. Charters.—
Two to Liverpool; sugar, 20s, and 225. 6d. per ton;
cotton, Id. per lb. Exchange.—Transactions, per
Tyne, amount to £140,000, about £90,000 at 25d.
to 251,d.; £40,000 at 251 d., and £lO,OOO at 264 d.
Transactions on Paris trifling, at 378 to 380 reis
per franc. Discounts.—Bank rates have ruled at
9 per cent. per annum for four months' bills, and
higher rates for longer periods.

" Death in the wave and horror in the air,
And in each tar's unveiling heart despair."
There are two papers on ladies eminent in French
history, though of very opposite characters and
fortunes—Gabrielle D'Estrees and Queen Hortense.
There is also the first part of a history of the French
army, which extends from Francis I. to Louis XIV.

THE BOMBAY AND MAURITIUS MAILS.
The Vectis, with the above mails, left Malta
for Marseilles on the 30th ult. at 9 p.m.
The Euxine, with the heavy portion of the mails,
left Malta on the 31st Oct., at 1 p.m., and may be
expected at Southampton about the 9th inst.
OUTWARD CALCUTTA, CHINA, AUSTRALIA
AND MAURITIUS MAILS.
The Valetta, from Marseilles, with the above
mails, arrived at Malta, and left for Alexandria on
the 31st ult., at 9 a.m.

Temple Bar.
The striking tale of " The Seven Sons of Mam-
mon" is proceeded with, and this division of it is in
all respects a most lugubrious one, as it contains,
first of all, sn account of the great failure of the
"millionaire," and the sad descent from the pin-
nacle of luxurious affluence to the depths of the
scale of wretchedness ; also, we find the late all-
powerful, but now for ever fallen, Florence Army-
tage in all the horrors of her gloomy incarceration,
and awaiting the audit of her judges, who
are to mete out the award of her direful
deeds. " Shot in the Back', is a most unplea-
sant story; and it naturally occurs to the
reader that is a great pity for writers to waste
their powers of composition in compiling
such horrible fictions, when they might present us
with some so much better with the same amount
of trouble. " With Mr. Gorilla's Compliments,"
is a paper on that subject which has awakened
so much curiosity, and attracted so much atten-
tion during the last season. The tone in which
the great work of M. Chaillu is criticised is a
totally unbecoming one, and we had hoped that
this absurd warfare against the merits of the
French naturalist was over. It is also ridiculous
to insinuate that Mr. Murray has been entrapped
into taking the leavings of sharp American pub-
lishers. Altogether it is not likely that the
writer will make any converts to his views by the
perusal of this exaggerated and illogical notice,
and when he descends to say that " the voice of the
inferior animal was recognised in spite of the lion's
skin," he forgets that " abuse is no argument."
" The Second Time of Asking" is a simple little
sketch that is written with feeling. " The Mys-
tery at Fernwood" begins a romance that:promises
to be very exciting, and "My Tutor's Cousin," by
Thomas Hood, is a ludicrous piece, half comic half
sentiment, that will create laughter, if only from
its swift gradation from tragedy to comedy.
" Blanche of Mine," by Alfred Austin, is the title
of some verses that certainly do not waste words, as
the same one has to do duty several times, the word
breeze appears no less than 25 times in 16 lines.
" Notes on Italy" is a paper that is very pleasantly
written, and while it imparts intelligence, it con-
veys agreeable reminiscences. In the remarks on
the swallow we find the following suggestive
thoughts :—" If, as some traveller's affirm, he has
visited Northern Africa in his six months' absence.
what pleasing scenes of travel he must have left
behind not a very short time ago. Perhaps within
a week or so from now he was skirting the desert
sands, and snapping at the locusts whilst taking a turn
round the black tent of a wandering Arab. After rest-
ing for a moment on a millenarian obelisk, or may be
twittering from a corner-stone of the Great Pyramid,
he may have cooled his sunburnt wings in the
sweet waters of the Nile. A little later and he
may have viewed the splendid palaces on the shores
of the Bosphorus, have supped off mosquitoes on
4 the Golden Horn, and after perching for the night
1 on a minaret of old Stamboul have been disturbed
by the Mussulman's early call for morning prayer.
Since then he may have closed his wings for a few
moments on the crumbling walls of the Coliseum,
and after a short survey of the old Roman Forum,
may have sped with light heart and rapid wing
around the Castle of St. Angelo and the great
dome of St. Peter's." Another good article
is on Percy Bysshe Shelley. It is written
in an appropriate manner, and is one of those
themes always welcome to meet with, elevating one
above the dull cares of life, and lifting the thoughts
beyond the dreary ways of business to the bright
realms of imagination and the spheres of ideality.
At the conclusion of this interesting sketch we find
this eloquent peroration :—" Eminent men may be
broadly divided into two classes—the men of their
age, and the men whe are before their age. The
former are usually men of action. They are the
men who frame Magna Chartas and Bills of Right,
who pass Reform Acts and conquer our enemies.
They may not all, however, be engaged in
war or politics ; they may make it their
concern, to set in order and rationalise the beliefs
of their epoch, and to confute the errors of their
time, such were the Warburtons and Butlers of
the past age. These men mostly reap honour in
their life time, and they deserve their reward. The
other class are usually men of contemplation and
retirement, They early discover that the world is
not ready to accept their principles or appreciate
their inspiration. During their life only a select
company of disciples console them by cultivated
appreciation for the loss of popular sympathy ; but
as time widens converts grow more and more
numerous, until by a late canonisation they are
admitted among the teachers and minstrels of
mankind—dear sons of memory, great heirs of
fame. To the number of these last belongs the
name of Percy Bysshe Shelley."

THE MOAT OF URR.—The Dumfries Courier, in
reporting the sale of the lands of Milton or Stepend of Urr,
says •—" The beautiful Moat of Urr, the largest and best
in preservation cf any similar ancient moat in Scotland, is
situated on the property ; and in ages long gone by was the
principal place in Galloway where justice was dispensed by
the ancient kings of the province. The lands also possess
a traditional interest from the following circumstance.
King Robert Bruce, during his early struggles for the
throne, encountered a body of English from Buittlo Castle
near the moat. The Southrons were defeated, and after a
personal conflict their leader, Sir Walter Selby, was taken
prisoner by Bruce. The lands were then occupied by a
person named Sprotte, whose wife provided water to wash
the blood from Bruce and his prisoner, and invited them
into the cottage. The King had taken no food for nearly
two days, and he asked if the woman could givs them any-
thing to eat. She said she had nothing but oatmeal, and
would make a cog (a wooden dish) of brose, which she did.
The King asked what reward she would have, when sho
replied, as much of the land her husband occupied as she
could run round while the brose was being eaten. The re-
quest was agreed to by the King, and she, kilting up her
dress, started off at full speed. The brose was scalding hot,
and the woman only left one spoon, so that b 3 the time the
dish was emptied, and the King and Sir Walter bed gone
outside the cottage, the woman, with agile speed, had made
the circuit of nearly the farm. The Sprottes held the pro-
perty for many generations. The tenure was a dish of but-
tered brose presented to the King when he visited the neigh-
bourhood. Should our beloved Sovereign, on her next visit
to the Green Isle, pass through Galloway, she would be
entitled to demand from the superior of the lands a dish of
buttered brose."