The Sun.
London, England, 1859-10-31 00:00:00

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G, OCTOBEh 31, 1859.

PE,IOE 41). STAMPED, 51)

INDIA A

D CHINA.

French Ministers in refusing to see the Imperial
Commissioners at Shanghai, and declining to pur-
sue the course suggested by the Chinese, which was
evidently intended to lead to the humiliation of the
foreigner in the eyes of the native population. We
trust that such measures will be taken by both
England and France as will ensure a more dignified
reception to their representatives than was accorded
to the American Minister.
The intentions of the Chinese with regard to the
tariff and the regulatio4 connected with the new
treaty,are doubtful.
The British and French Ministers remain at
Shanghai, where all is quiet, although in the-city
and surrounding villages. there is a hostile feeling
towards foreigners, rendering it unsafe to move
about as formerly.
From Japan we ttre glad to learn that the cur-
rency question has been settled for the present, by
a return to the first Understanding. The scarcity, of
native coin, however, will soon be felt if trade in-
creases, and either an extended issue or the currency
of foreign coin will. become necessary. Regarding
the question of foreign location at or near Yeddo
we hear .nothing.
At Canton all is quiet.
From. Cachin -China we have no fresh news. The
English steamer Thebes, chartered by the French
Government, was wrecked on the 30th of August on
her way from this to Turon. No lives were lost.
Several severe hurricanes have visited the coast
of China lately, and done great damage both to
native and foreign shipping.
His Excellency Sir Hercules Robinson and Mr.
Adams, Attorney-General, arrived on the 7th
and have assumed their respective functions.
Our import market has been dull during the past
fortnight. The weather has been so boisterous that
dealers could •not conveniently- move about, nor
could transshipments be made without great
The following transactions have taken place here
and at Canton. Quotations are Canton rates, duty
paid, cash two months
Cotton—Bombay, 7,700 bales sold. We quote
good to fine, 10.7 taels to 11.5 taels; medium togood,
9.4 taels to 10.4 taels ; common, 8 to 9 taels.
Cotton Yarn-----400 bales sold, principally high
numbers: Nos. 16-24, 34 dols 75c.t0 37_dols 50c;
Nos. 28.32, 44 dols 50c to 46 dols 500; Nos. 38-42,
47'dols to 49 dols 50e. Shirtings (gray)L-salesl
24,500 pieces. Quotations are 51 to 5.1 catties,
2 doll 35c: to 2 dols 45c ; 6 to 61 catties, 2 dols 500
to 2 dels 60c ;" 61 to 61 catties, 2 dols 65c to. 2 dots
85c; 71 to 71 catties, 3 dols 20c to 3 doll 50c.
M
pieces sold; and prices are
nowr l
nominalgc
1e;t.e15(470
01,9650 reed,
2 dols 40c to
.2 dols
50c; 62 to 66 reed, 2 dols 75 to 3 dols ; 68 to 72 reed,
iitesneglected-1,950
3 dols 15 c to 3 dols 50c.'
T-cloths—Sales, 14,840. pieces ; 1
24 yards, 2 (I.r).s
80c to 2 dols 85c ; 36 yards, 2 dols to 2 dols. 85C ;
36 yards, 3 dols 20c to 3 dols 45c.

he does not recal them, but contents himself with the
aphorism that " war has often fewer complications
than peace," since in war there are only two sides,
and in peace many. But he adds, that his objects
was to conclude a treaty which should not only free
Italy and satisfy Piedmont, but also " not wound
the Catholic sentiment or the rights of the , core-
reigns in whom Europe felt an interest."
We were really not aware that Europe felt an
interest in. the' Grand Duke of Tuscany, the Duke of
Modena, or even the Duchess of Parma ; unless
Europe be interpreted to mean the Courts and not,
the populations of Europe, and it is surely impos-
sible that a Bonaparte should resign himself to such
an antiquated and legitimist conception of Europe
as this. The programme of Villafranca, now at
length authenticated by its original author, is too
familiar to need repetition in detail ; but we again
thank the Emperor for withdrawing the veil from
the statue of the Liberatoraand permitting us to
admire the solidity of the pedestal and the sym-
metry of the figure. An Italian Confederation,
presided over by the Pop; may, for aught we know
satisfy the religious sentiment of Catholic Europe,, if indeed the religious sentiment of so large a;por-
tion of mankind be dependent upon the comfort and
prosperity of Cardinal -Antonelli and the perma-
nence of banditti in the Papal territories ; and it
may even increase the moral influence- of the Pope
throughout Italy, since it would be difficult to
diminish what is already infinitesimal; but there
will still, we fear, be many among the population
who were invited at Milan to be free citizens of a
great country, who will attach less value to " the
plan formed at the moment of making peace," than
to the plan formed at the moment of making war.
Venetia is "to become a province purely Italian,"
and meantime two-fifths of the population of
Venice are driven into exile, cr imprisoned ,
by the Austrians, for the encouragement ; of .
their fellOwscountry in en in the North and .
Centre. Ail-ideia of . foreign intervention has been
"finally set `aside 'in Central Italy, though the-
rights of the Sovereigns are "reserved." 'le
express adhesion to" he. principle of non intery u--
tiou is, however, a perfectly sufficient set-off to sal
reservations, whether: of. perional engagements, or
.of theiights a sovereigns, or of the moralsinfluence
. :
of the Papear oof the CathOlic sentiment. ; and if.
‘‘ the part of France," as it is "traced beforehand,"
be to de. fst 'from intervention lic.self and to restrain
Atporrefaao:llo)(tliael:loyonfifsi
others .from taking her place . We steed not ,be
troubled with a complimentary 'distribution- of the
Duchies. A Confederation based on the real wants
would,6ol, tf; a
otl
li:
0, npioieltn-
-Austrianitthi thrustsullaat:u.lagpvdueotiai
traditions
0
letter-writer, mean a Confederation created by the
an ordinary
are te lni esao i ftn
at
t.
eeivtivhether Pagan or Papal, or Republican, or
The exclusion of every foreign influence' is unhap-
pily not a " tradition- of the Peninsula" at all, but
it is not the less respectable on that account, seeing
that it is precisely what all Italy demands.
There is one party which ought to be grateful to
the writer of this letter, who, in defiance of the prin-
ciple upon which hisown sovereignty professes to
be based, demands that, iu spite of the national
Will, a Duke shall be restored in one place and a
Duchess substituted in another. The Emperor of
the Pfench is evidently a _believer in the principle
of legitimacy. lie believes it to be essential to the
pacification of Italy and to the repose of Europe.
Now,'let us, by way of hypothesis, pit Paris in the
place of ,Tuscany, and suppose, par impossible,
that Russia, Prussia, and Great Britain,. sitting
in 'Congress, decide that it is .essential to the
pacification of France and to the repose of Europe
that some 0)4 monarchy or some younger branch be
" restored."C Evidently the correspondent of " Mon-
sieur monrere" would have nothing to say against
the principle of restoration. Are there two weights
and two awasures of rights and justice for petty and
for powerful States P Non-intervention is indispen-
sable to the exercise of the national will . and it is
byresisting. the one that the Emperor of the Fiench
makes good the other. reloAssSsi gttio: fle 61,11dile:
The . letter speaks positively of a forthcoming
Congreas.' The English Government has not yet
sign ititi its readiness to take part in one, whatever
some foreign journalists may write; but if it be a
Congress in which England is expected to take her
place, we know that the rights and the wishes of
the Italians will be respected. The personal engage-
ments of Louis Napoleon will not have been for-
feited by the non-acquiescence of Italy. It is meet
and right for the Chief of a State, in which personal
government reigns supreme, to signify his demands
in a letter, and to publish his private counsels to a
brother Sovereign ; but it is competent to King
Victor Emmanuel to reply by a simple acknow-
ledgment of receipt, and to leave to his responsible
Ministers the duty of upholding the rights and in-
terests committed to their constitutional keeping.
Perhaps this Imperial letter points a moral which
we may, without offence, commend to the discretion
of Signor Rattazzi, and. we put it in the form of a
simple interrogation. now long is parliamentary
government to be suspended in the Subalpine king-
dom ?—.Daily Areas.

By the arrival
ceived our private
from Calcutta to
Hongkong to the

mail we have re-
and files of papers
►tember, and from
aber, inclusive.

CALCUTTA, SEPT: 23.
The dull season is approaching, and every one
who can is escaping oat of Bengal. - • Our little
" Parliament " has i-ise# for two months, .and the
members are flying for a.holiday to their own Pre-
sidencies. The Governpr:General leaves Calcutta
on the 10th proximo fo w•kinel of Royal progress
through Upper - India. ill.e is to see all native
Princes, grant all favo •:,s,, confer- with all. Lieu-
tenant-Governors, and 'terally perform
,his part
as " a visible assertio -of 'the Queen's- Govern-
ment.' His Lordshiii'will travel in the old
f
style, with a European regiment, a native regi-
ment, and the body oiard, some - 2,600 men in
all, as his escort,- and-a camp of 20,000 folloWers.
He will be met at Cawupore by the Commander-in-
Chief, and the plan of the last Oude.campaign will
be finally decided on. It:Wiltbe a smaller affair,
flying columns chiefly of. Sikhs, penetrating into
Nepaul in all directions, in ,pursuit of the COO rebels
still lurking in the rower:, hills. Jung Bahadoor
could drive them out if 14pleased, but it seems he
Las scruples which the gift of a strip- of territory
four miles wide by 200 long, extending from
Goruckpore to Pillibheet, does not suffice to remove.
Some large gangs in . Bundeleund are also very
troublesome, and it was deemed necessary a few
days since to concentrate 4,000 or 5,000 men at
Saugor. They are, however; of ho real importance,
and I mention them onlyao. explain the talk which
is going on about • cold Ns'eather campaifins.--- As
Soon as these operations are completed the native
troops, or military police,- in Oude will be re-
duced to 10,000 inen, less than half the num-
ber employed before the mutinies. The > re-
duction: is expedient, but it must not be forgotten
these reductions :Sate nothing except bare wages,
the smallest item of military expenditure. The
cadres of the regiments still exist, and the officers
must be provided for.
'Another and very much larger reduCtion has
been made on :paper-=nothing less than that of the
Bengal Army. By an immensely long- general
order, issued on the 13th inst., some 60 regiments
cease to exist :-
" After the arrangements announced in this order shall
ha.vehoen carried- out, -the corps which will have ceased to
exist in the.B.iik;itlarmy will Le the following :-4th and sth
troops Ist Brigade llorso Artillery, 4th troop ,2d Brigade
Horse Artillery, 4th troop 3d Brigade Horse Artillery, 7th,
Bth, and -9th. battalions - Foot Artillery, 10 i-egimentS of
Light Cavalry; Ist-Native Infantry,, 2d. Grenadiers, 3d,
sth, 6th, 7th, Bth, 9th, 10th, 11th; 12th, - 13th, •14th,
15th, and 16th Grenadiers, 17th, 18th, 19th, 20th, 224,
23d, 24th, 25th, and 26th Light Infantry, 27th, 28th, 29th,
30th, 34th, and 35th Light Infantry, 36th, 37th, 38th, 39th,
40th, 41st, 44th, 45th, 46th, 43th, 40th, s(qh, 51st, 52d, 53d,
54th, 55th, 56th, 57th, Goth, 61st, 62d, 61t h, 67th, 68th, 69th,
71st, 72d, and 74th Regiments Native Infantry. Ramghur
Light Infantry Battalion • Hurreanalt Light Infantry Bat-
talion; sth, 10th, 11th, 12th, 13th, 14th, and 15th Regiments
Irregular Cavalry; Oude Irregular Force, -composed of
three horse field batteries, • three regiments 'lrregular Ca-
valry, and 10 regintontg of Irregular Infantry, Joudpere
Legion, ' United Malwa Contingent, Bhopal Contingent,
Kc.)tah Contingent.

Long tils-6,000 pieces sold, and we quote HIT
scarlet,-9 dols 50c to 10 dols 25c ; IIH assorted, 10
dols 20c to 10 dols 70e ; H scarlet, 8 dols 50c to 9
dols 50c ; H assorted, 9 dols to 9 dols 70c.
Brocades-4,3000 pieces sold; white, 2 dols SOc
-to 2 dols 90c ; assorted, 4 dols to 4 dols 50c.,
Metals very dull. Of iron the only- sales arc
2,900 piculs nail rod at 3 dols to 4 dols 50c. Other
kinds in no demand. Lead, some inquiry for Foo-
chow ; 1,000 piculs sold, 7 dols 20 to 7 dols 30c;
WB, 7 dols 700!
S agar= Small settlements for India.
Silk—Only 100 piculs settled for shipment to
Bombay. TIN, stock is small, and native competi-
tion has advanced prices. We quote Longkong;
No. 1, 400 dols; Lucklow and Cumehuck, 380 dols
to 390 dols ;, Longkong, No. 2, 380 dols to 390 dols ;
re-reeled Cumcbuck, 400 dols to 430 dols; Kow-
kong, 360 dols.

" R. J. li. Bincil, Major-General,
" Secretary- to the Government of India."
Fmirteen are rearmed, but some of these are very
weak, and will probably be reduced to seVen The
order, however, is merely on paper. The discharged
regiments—the 2d Grenadiers excepted—discharged
themselves, and the relief to the State will only be
the pay of about 800 men of all ranks. The number
of officers is, of course, unaffected, and regimental
promotion goes op in corps which have ceased to
exist. There are some '290,000 native soldiers in
our pay.. . -
It is.reported here that Sir C. Trevelyau has re-
commended the entire dis9olution of the native
army of Madras, leaving nothing but a small highly
trained. European
:force of 22,000 military police,
but I am unable to vouch for the accuracy of the
statement. -There is no doubt that the new military
police affords Government a full regiment per
county, a force amply sufficient to maintain internal
order, more especially as the gradaal development
of the railway system will allow us to throw troops
ixto in any district -at least twice as rapidly as at
present. -.-
Two regiments of Queen's troops, the 67th and
the Buffs, have been ordered to China—it is sup-
posed, to protect Shanghai. Her Majesty's 99th
was ordered, but the order was recalled at the 11th
hour, to the disgust of some of the officers, who
had sold their furniture and horses. Some Sikh
regiments will also, it is rumoured, be sent, but I
question if any formal demand has yet been made
upon them.

IRELAND.

/

Tea—The market has been very quiet. Only one
chop of congou has been settled at 303 taels, and
two have been shipped on native account. Dealers
are willing to make a concession of 2 to 3 taels on
opening rates, but buyers arc not prepared to meet
them on these terms. A small business has been
done in scented teas at former prices. Arrivals of
congou amount to 100 chops, and settlements are
18 chops, iueluding the above two on native ac-
count. Quotations are nominally as follows :
Oopacks, finest, 38 to 40 taels ; fine, 34 to 38 teels
medium to fine, 29 to 33 taels. Oonams—Finest,
34 to 35 taels ; fine, 31 to 33 taels. Stocks—Con-
gou, 74 chops new and 2 chops old; oolong, 1,200
hf. chests; young hyson, 4,000 hf. chests; imperial
and gunpowder, 800 hf. chests; scented teas, about
18,000 boxes.

THE TIPPERARY BANK.

The Chapman has cleared for London. Four ves-
sels remain on the berth, besides one for Liverpool.

LETTER OF NAPOLEON TO THE KING
OF SARDINIA.

The settlement of this miserable swindle is not
yet complete. Yesterday, in one of the Chancery
offices, an offer was laid before the Nlaster: by a
shareholder, Mr. Bennett, to compromise the claim
of the creditors on him by paying £4,500. It was
stated that the representatives of the creditors and
the official manager approved accepting the .offer.
Mr. 1). C. heron, who appeared for Mr. Patrick
Mulqueeny, one of the creditors of th bank, did not
make any objection to the amount of the offer, but
he applied that his client should be paid the costs
which he had incurred, amOuntinteto X 24, in pro-
ceeding against Mr. Bennett by scire facias and in
other proceedings.
The Master was of opinion that the offer, which
was a substantial one, should be accepted, and that
Mr. Mulqueeny's costs should be paid, under the
circumstances.

The discharged Europeans are leaving the port
at the rate of about 1,000 a-week. The Great Tas-
manian takes away 1,200. The Maggie. Miller,
which carried the first batch, grounded in the
river. Fortunately no-lives were lost, and the men
were transferred to the inkermann without much
suffering.,
A public meeting was held in Calcutta on the
12th inst. to protest against the license-tax. The
meeting was most unusually Well attended by re-
presentatives of every class affected by the bill, and
the following petition was unanimously adopted :
" In conclusion, your petitioners humbly pray yqur lord-
ships to take the matters of this petition into your favour-
able consideration, and to take such measures as may appear
expedient to your lordships to have the general taxation of
India placed on broad and sound principles, and particularly
to prevent the establishment of a system of exceptional
taxation on the industrial classes and on trades and profes-
sions, and of any general system for putting commerce,
and trades, and professions under fiscal license ; and for the
establishment of an equitable income and property tax, in
conjunction with such other taxes as may from time to time
be expedient; and to take such measures as to your lord-
ships may appear expedient to obtain from the Executive
Governments an annual statement of income and expendi-
ture, and of the financial state of the Government, and for
the early publication of the same for the information of the
public of India, and to take such means as to your lordships
may appear expedient for having an authoritative inquiry
Made into the general administration, of the Government
and the cause of the prevailing discontent and financial em-
barrassment, and for the opening of the Legislative Council
to the non-official classes, and the admission therein of a
sufficient number of non-official and independent members
to insure the representation of public opinion in the said
Council, and consequent thereupon, for abolishing the Ex-
ecutive Councils, and placing the office of Governor-Gene-
ral and Governors in a proper state at once of freedom and
responsibility in the exercise- of their executive functions,
and for such other remedies and relief as to your LoilishipS
may appear expedient. And 'your petitioners will over
Prays„ &c. - •

How is it that the motives and acts of " that great
man" who undertakes to personify the genius and
will of France are exposed to incessant misinterpre-
tation on the part of a neighbouring and certainly
a well-wishing nation P Some say it is the nature
of a people constitutionally governed to regard with
suspicion a neighbour who, in the exeicise of a
purely personal power, consults his own wishes
and feelings, it may be his own caprices and im-
pulses, only. Some say that it is from the ritlical
difference of institutions in the two countries ; but
we know that in point of fact free governments and
despotisms have often fought and taken counsel
together as firm friends : some say it is from the
obstinate antagonism of national characteristics ;
yet we know that harmony is not unison : while
others insist that it is indispensable to a good
understanding with Napoleonism that we should
fully comprehend the idoa of a State-policy con-
ducted on theatrical principles. Strange as this
theory maj at first sight appear, it is hardly more
strange than—shall we say P—an Italian Confedera-
tion under Austrian patronage, or Italian indepen-
dence under a French protectorate, guaranteed by
the "moral influence of the Pope," and represented
by restored Ducal " families suspected of a leaning
towards" a foreign power. At any rate the theory
deserves examination, if only because the difficulty
deserves at least an attempt at solution. "The
first Empire, we know, took lessons of Franconi,
and had a learned eye for ancient Roman costume
and " effects." The second Empire, obeying the
tendency of the modern theatre, combines the
dialogue of romantic drama with a modified re-
spect for the classical unities. We are a little
doubtful by what canon of dramatic criticism we
should judge the private letter of the Emperor of
the French to King Victor Emmanuel which has
just been published, and yet we are seriously per-
suaded that it is not only by the application of
dramatic criticism that this epistolary phenomenon
can be satisfactorily interpreted. We are perfectly
ready to believe that the writer of the letter was
not unmindful of the good old classical rule, Nec
Deus intersit, and that it was not until he was con-
vinced that Central Italy had become a dignus
vindice nodus that he stepped out of his cloud-
machine, the Nimiteur, and descended on the scene
in person, as the majestic " vindicator" of the final
tableau. Taken as a composition, this letter, ad-
dressed to Monsieur men Frere, by a very Big
Brother, takes us back not merely some 45 years or
so, when it was an amusement of Sovereigns to
map out States and portion little Potentates, but
many centuries before that modern fiction, respon-
sible government, was not so much as invented. It
is all very romantic and chivalrous, no doubt, but
somehow or other a document of this kind loses all
its bouquet as soon as it is made public. Deposited
in the archives of State, and revealed to the world
in the pages of history, it would have possessed an
enduring charm; but when we find it dated on a
Thursday, the 20th hist,. and translated into a
foreign journal the Saturday week following, it
takes place in the vulgar prints of the day like any
mere State paper, or rather like an article in the
Constitutionnel, only with a mere august name than
" Grandguillot" at the foot.
The English press is therefore at liberty to con-
sider itself not only permitted, but invited, to con- 1
sider this frank and friendly exposition of " the
real state of affairs" in Italy, though addressed in
form to Monsieur mon Frere of Sardinia, as in
effect addressed to the public opinion of Europe ;
and we cordially thank the Emperor of the French
for taking the words out of M. Walewski's mouth,
and for stripping off all the laborious disguises
in which the ingenuity of his semi-official penman
has enveloped his policy and purposes of late. We
now know the best, and the worst of both, and we
have a genuine and authentic text before our eves,
to which we Can always turn when the Constita •
tionnel says one thing and the Pays another with
equal confidence and equal truth.
The Emperor of the French, then, we are autho-
rised to remark, addresses Victor Emmanuel as if
" Sir, my brother" represented Sardinia in the
same manner as a Napoleon represents France, i. e.,
without intervention of Ministry or Parliament.
Conjurino., him to lay aside illusions and regrets
now that it is too late to approve or disapprove of
the Peace of Villafranca, and to look at things as
they are, he pauses to recal the obstacles " which
rendered every definitive negotiation and every de-
' finitive treaty so difficult," and we arc bound to add

AID TO TIIE POPE.
,The Cork Examiner takes a serious view of the
position of the Pope, and gives vent to its misgiv-
ings in these terms :

COUNTRY MARKETS.

COMMERCIAL INTELLIGENCE.
(Fi•oni the Caleuttit English

The telegram of London Rows olf'ltihueß
ceived on the 11th, and on the 18th letters and papers of
sliBm.thy,uSiet Sept 22
e.
this date were brought in by the dlombsy express. On the
20th thetelogiam from Galle put us in possession of London
news of the 20th ult. Letters and papers of this date have
not yet come to hand, the steamer not having arrived up to
the time of our going to press. The news received bythese
two mails of the Indian loan, having been taken up has
exercised a favourable offset on Government securities and
commercial matters generally.
Produce Market.—We have again to report a very lan-
guid business during the fortnight under review. Holders
continuo their high demands, which are generally above
home rates, and transactions aro therefore confined to the
actual wants of vessels in the harbour. It is expected
that during the approaching holidays there will be a large
accumulation of produce in the bazaar, which will perh4p3
lead to a general decline, and induce skippers to come for-
ward.

Import Market.—We have no news of importance to give
of this branch of business; almost all kinds of imports re-
main in the same dullness mentioned in the last report.
Piece goods and yarns of all kinds and descriptions remain
in their former position as far as the consumption is con-
cerned; and prices, generally speaking, have sustained again
a partial decline. The future prospects of the market aro
still unfavourable, and the proSpect generally is not encou-
raging. The accumulated and daily accumulating sucks
of sold and unsold goods lie heavily on the market. The
metal market is in the same languid state, and there is no
change in quotations.
Money Market.—Money continues abundant, and large
amounts remain unemployed: The rate of interest is nomi-
nally 5 per cent. per annum, but lower rates would be ac-
cepted upon good security. The Bank of Bengal still hold
a crore of their own capital unemployed, and about the
same amount on account of the other banks.

CHINA.

HONG KONG, SEPT, 12.

His Excellency the American Minister arrived
at Shanghai on the 22d of August, after visiting
Pekin, where, •however, the Mission appear to have
been all but prisoners. Personal communication
with the Russians was denied them, and some of
their correspondence was detained for many days
by the Chinese. The Erriperor refused to see Mr
Ward unless the latter consented to perform an net
of obeisance, and, as he declined to do so, it was
notified that the treaty would not be ratified at Pe-
kin but at Pehtang, a village on the Gulf of Pe-
cheli, at the entrance of that stream ly which the
Americans performed their journey to the capital.
The Mission accordingly left Pekin, and on its ar-
rival at Pehtang the ratifications were exchanged
without any ceremony. The whole affair appears to
have been humiliating and in non-accordance withi
the dignity of a great nation, and the result. proves
how correct was the policy of the British and

" We do not share the apprehensions of those who, faint
of heart, or distrustful of Providence, tremble at every storm
that rages round the 'earthly throne of the Pope ; and we
laugh at the short-sighted folly of those who, purblind by
their hate, and not capable of comprehending the past in
their narrow vision, assort, with the rash confidence of
ignorance, that the temporal dominion of the Papacy is
nearly at its end. But while we have- no apprehension or
doubt as to the future, we, in this country, in common with
the other branches of the Universal Church, experience
pain and sorrow as we behold the unmerited sufferings of
the illustrious Pope who is now exposed to the machinations
of the infidel, the aparchist, and of the other furious haters
of the Church of which he is the honoured head. In no
portion of Christ endow is a livelier sympathy felt for the
saintly Pius than in this country; which has been ever
faithful to the See of Rome. Other nations have lost their
faith, and ceasing to be children of the Church, have raised
their rebellious hands against the authority which they
(nice recognised and obeyed. Not so with Ireland.
Dtiring centuries of wasting oppression, of persecution
the most cruel, systematic, and continuous, she never
wavered, never faltered ; the faith of the crushed and
textured raee grew into a part of their being, the
cesoice cf their life as a people—and the blood of the
martyr lieenete again the cement which kept the fabric
whole and indestructible. Nor have better days, which
Providence has vouchsafed• our people, weakened the
fidelity which stood the test of fire and sword, nor di-
minished the reverence which in the time of sorrow and
tribulation Ireland has ever felt in the occupant of the chair
of Peter. The people of Ireland remember with a lively
gratitude how, when strong men fainted on the highway
with hunger, and death rioted in the houses of the poor, the
compassionate voice of Pius IX. was heard pleading their
cause, and his paternal hand was stretched out for their re-
lief. Pius IX. loves Ireland, and glories in her fidelity. He
prizes her for her fidelity, but no less for her charity and
her compassion ; and he has been often heard repeating with
the delight of a humane heart, instances of the impulsive
generosity with which the poorest of the poor contribute
their mite towards the relief of human sufti,ring and reli-
gious destitution. Tho Holy Father now stands in need, if
not of substantial aid, at least of the living sympathy of
the Catholic world. We do not say that absolute dangers
menace his throne ; but anxieties harass and griefs afflict
his soul. For himself he has no fear, no apprehension, in-
deed, no care—en other memorable occasions, when in the
midst of danger, surrounded by ferocious men whom pas.
sion had changed into howling wolves, he was calm and
collected, and only thought of others. But the heart of Pius
bleeds fur his people, and for the miseries and calamities
which arc the bitter fruits of reckless ambition, and anar-
chical and infidel machinations. He remembers the past
with a shudder, and looks with horror upon the possible re •
eurrence of a similar saturnalia of profanity, sacrilege, and
murder. At such a moment, then, while the tender heart of
Pius is full of sorrow—for humanity and religion—the
voice of sympathy is fraught with balm and consolation.
And from what nation or people can the words of affect
tionate sympathy for a father's sorrows more fittingly come
than from faithful Catholic Ireland ? It is a time that we
should solemnly protest against the foul slanders with
which dishonest writers glut the malice of the bigot. It is
time that we should declare our belief that the rule of Pius
IX., so far frcm justifying the descriptions given of it by,
the enemies of the Catholic Church, or by the avowed ene-
mies of all forms of revealed religion, is wise, just, merci-
ful, and paternal, and suited to the genius and character
of his people. It is time that, spurning, as the arti-
fices of wicked men, echo seek to justify their violence
and their treason, the infamous lies which have been stu -
dionslydisseminated against the Holy Father as a temporal
sovereign, we should again, in the face of the world,
proclaim our reverence for his spiritual authority,
our unalterable attachment to the Holy See, and our pro-
found sympathy for the sorrows and griefs that afflict the
head of the illustrious occupant of the chair of St. Peter.
Thus acting, we shall be doing our duty as Irish Catholics.

[ADVERTISEMENT.) Holloway's Pills. The eon tart
changes of temperature are causing, daly derangements in
chest, stomach, and liver, For rectifying the slightest or
most serious disorders of these organs, nothing has been
found so con,tantly successful as Holloway's rills, which
may be taken by anyono without fear of injury. These Pills
exercise so salutary an influence over the organs of digestion
that almOst ally ordinary food may be eaten with impunity;
and they strengthen the weakest stomach against acidity,
flatulency, and heurtintrn. They speedily relieve both nausea
and billausilbss.- They remove all obstructions in the system
and healthfully restore its proper function to every orgynil
They strengthen the nervous system, and renew a con dence
and energy ih.shattered and feeble COUStitutiollB.

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2s for the „cal :he
ship in the Southampton Waters, the public curi-
osity and excitement increases, and small steam-
boats and other craft are already advertised to con-
vey visitors to and from the ship at all hours. The
whole of the moorings are novV-in the river,.and the
work of laying them down his commenced. They
have been brought from-Portsmouth Dockyard in
four large lumps, or lighters, which are all at the
destined spot, ready for immediate action. Several
gentlemen connected with the port went down at
) midday in a steam tugeUnd.were,much:struck with
the massive nature of the appliances to be employed
in anchoring the-monster steamship.-- -- Telegraphic
messages have been forwarded to the chairman of
the Great Ship Company and to Captainliarrison,
stating that the moorings will be laid, and every-
thing ready for the reception of the ship by Tues-
day next.
The ship will be moored by foUr of the heaviest
class mooring anchors, placed at right angles, and
connected in the middle with a large _ring and
swivel of the strongest description, to which will
be attached the bridles that the ship will shackle
her chains to. The anchors of the north and south
arms of the moorings are respectively 98 and 97
cwt., with 70 fathoms of chain to each; those of
the east and west arms are eight tons each, with
GO fathoms of chain to each. The chains employed
are the heaviest made. The Admiralty have lent
the moorings, but the whole expense of moving
them from their place in the dockyard, shipping
them on board the lighters, conveying them to the
-Southampton Water, and laying them down, will
be borne by local parties. Two superannuated
master riggers have been engaged for the purpose,
and about GO nien, thoroughly accustomed to this
kind of work, are itnployed in connexion with the
removal of the moorings. All the arrangements
have been made by, and are being carried out under
the superintendence of Mr. J. It. Stebbing- (Presi-
dent of the Chamber of Commerce) and Mr. Philip
'Hedger (the. Docktnaster), to whose indefatigable
exertions from the commencement the town is
indebted for the removal of the Great Eastern to
these waters.
It is expecteal that the ship will leave Holyhead
,
on:ltiesday ne'it a/Id-Arrive here on Thursday. - She
will be able to conic to_her anchorage at any time
Of tide. Mr. Jamee;iiiowyer, .one of the Southamp-
ton first-class pileti, and whose ,greet experience
has been made available during the negotiations
connected with the facilities of this harbour alla.the
visit liege of'tlte bij ship, leaves thison a;tn lay rrivrnitt ._ lie will. folu. ifoolyheade
ship, and pilot.lit- into the river to her anchorage
ground.
The eliannekAviiere the Great 'Eastern Will lie is
750 yards wide between the 5-fathom lines of the
river, and as tliekgreat ship will be tautly moored
to the riddle; she will ride. freely ..and securely
under all eire'linist•:nces.' There is 30 feet of
water on the 'O-fatli,)ln. lilies at low water spring
tides, and not less than .eight fathoras of water be-
tween them.' kle't the big ship swing either way,
no obstruction Whatever can occur to the ordinary
navigation of the river, as there will be plenty of
water for the largest class steamships to pass be-
tween her and the 5-fathom lines. Whichever way
she may be riding, there will be 450 feet on one
side, and 1,125 feet 021 the other.
Much has Been said from time to time of the
safety and security of the Southampton Water, and
if additional proof of the fact -were -.wanting,, it has
been afforded this week. Duringlbe.se_verestseries
of gales ever known, when scarcely a single port iu
this island has escaped from epntributing i7s quota
to the dread catalogue of nautical calamities, the
whole of the shipping in the Southampton harbour,
including the magnificent 'mail steamers in dock,
rode in safety, and not a single casualty occurred
in any part of the harbour.

1 .1.1 .1.7 i li ‘...)
of thi4Caleutta
.
corresbonuenee
1,
the 2 r 1 of Sep.
12th f Septem
INDIA. ,

HIGH WATER AT LONDON BRIDGE.
THIS DAY.—Morning, 4h. 49m.—Afternoon, sh. 10m
To-Moßßow-Morning, Oh. 31m.—Afternoon, sh. 53m,

Lord DERBY at home is the topic of the day. At
home he was, locally, on Saturday, for he was
speaking where, as he observed, they had known
him from childhood—at home politically, for he was
surrounded by his old cabinet, and his old Conser-
vative friends. He was, it may be said indeed, the
guest, not only of the 600 present but of the 7,000
who had signed the memorial, to present and ac-
knowledge which was the formal object of the ban-
quet.

That was, however, comparatively, of course, but
a formal part. The feast of reason and the flow of
soul, with Englishmen, is always the after dinner
work, and we have little reason indeed to complain
of any want of the latter ; nor, were we likely to
have, when the naturally ardent leader of the Con-
servative party was the hero of the occasion. Lord
DERBY felt that he was speaking—he told their
hosts—to the commercial metropolis of the king-
dom, and where his private life was known to all
before a body of colleagues with whom he
had never had " a subject of difference or of
controversy "—a sly hit, we may suppose, at the
Palmerston-Russell-Gibson Cabinet ; they met to
declare their adherence " not to Conservatism,
falsely so called, which would obstruct all useful
changes, but to true Conservatism—the best pro-
moter of safe and gradual social improvements ;
they met when they had just achieved a great
county victory, and he exhorted them to achieve as
complete a borough victory ; he had taken the
leadership of the great Conservative party by the
advice of the Great DUKE himself fourteen years
ago, and he had been rewarded by seeing the steady
growth of his party.

Ent past politics are like spent money—they can
do us no good now—the future then. Lord
DERBY tells his friends that their time is not yet
come; theyhave, even the other party says, an actual
majority in the house—which we thoroughly be-
lieve if Conservative leanings, and not the necessi-
ties of office-grasping Liberalism, determined the
votes of the old Whigs; he will not the third time
place his party in power by a casual success, when
he must again be at the mercy of some small party
holding the balance between the two great ones.
The difficulties of the present Government abroad—
Italy—Morocco—China—San Juan—were as great
as those with which he had taken office ; he hoped
they would be steady to their purpose not to en-
tangle themselves with the negotiations Of the
proposed Congress—advice which would have been
given with even greater emphasis could he have
seen the letter of the Emperor of FRANCE to the
King of SARDINIA ; the late Government had,
however, strengthened Malta and Gibraltar, and
the national defences generally, and the present
one would not be exposed to any factious combina-
tion which would seek to eject them from office
without regard to the interests of the country.
His Lordship, of course, must notice Parliamen-
tary Reform. He did
not wish 110 W to go into

particulars. He heartily wished that the present
Government might bring in a bill which the great
body of the Conservatives could accept—it was de-
sirable to settle speedily and finally a question not
raised by the country, but by Cabinets and Parlia-
ment. The late Parliament had rejected their plan
of an equal franchise for boroughs and counties—
some extension of tho borough franchise must,
therefore, be introduced—but the revelations at
Gloucester and Wakefield, and the conduct of.
Trades' Unions, should make any Government ex-
tremely careful in regard to what they proposed.
" GOD grant that they may have wisdom and pru-
dence enough to introduce such a measure as may
pass with the approbation of a united Parliament."
His Lordship concluded with denying unworthy
complicity with Roman Catholics, but ex-
pressing his belief that they were, as was natural,
becoming more Conservative.
Mr. DISRAELI followed with some telling re-
marks both for home and abroad. He, too, proba-
bly, glanced at the position of the two great Whig
lords in the present Cabinet, when he remarked
that he and Lord DERBY " had laboured together
in terms of confidence and trust which, probably,
were never excelled before between two public
men." But his description of the Whigs was one
they richly deserved :—" It has been our wish—he
said—to put an end to that which I may
describe as the monopoly of Liberalism,' which
in our opinion has exercised a very perni-
cious influence on the course of public pro-
ceedings and on the character of public men.
For more than a quarter of a century, by this
theory of a monopoly:of Liberalism, half the public
men in England have been held up as individuals
incapable and unqualified to attempt any measures
which might improve the institutions or adminis-
tration of the country; while, on the other hand,
the other half were, in order to sustain this mono-
poly, perpetually pledging themselves to changes
and alterations injudicious in almost every case,
and in many utterly impracticable, and when they
were in power they expended all their resources in
inventing evasions by which they might estricate
themselves from the fulfilment of their previous
promises. Now, I believe, and all my colleagues
believe, that that state of affairs was a principal
cause of that insincerity in public life which of
late years has so frequently been attributed
to the conduct of public men ; but I be-
lieve that that is now completely terminated."
The latter part of this picture, at least, every
thorough Liberal will but too quickly recognise; it
is a photograph of nearly every Whig administra-
tion since the Reform Bill.
After some declamation on his favourite theme—
the necessity and the advantage of party, Mr. DIS-
RAELI closed with remarks intended to be heard,
or read in another country—and they are worthy
of him and of England. The extract is rather
long, but its national spirit and importance claim
for it a permanent place—" There are," he said,
" duties more important and, I would say, more
solemn. There are moments when a party like the
great Conservative party of a powerful and
ancient nation like England have not to oppose the
Government, but, if necessary, have even to sup-
port it ; and, if they deem the requirements of the
moment demand such a course, to give strength to
their rivals, and even to support those whose suc-
cess in their political course might, under ordinary
circumstances, be to them a source of disappoint-
ment and mortification. lam not one of those who
scatter ambiguous voices in the market-place.
That has never been my custom. I have ever
been the supporter of a peaceful policy. I have
ever believed that peace might be maintained with
a good understanding with our allies, and that we
should look on their conduct not in a suspicious or
litigious spirit, but should always give to their con-
duct and to their proceedings a fair, and even a
generous interpretation. But I should, indeed, be
blind to the signs of the times—l should, in-
deed, be insensible to the feelings that are now
universally expressed—l should be treating them
with a haughty negligence if I did not recog-
nise what is the anxiety of a great people. I
know not whether it be true or not that
designs upon the independence of our empire are
cherished by any Government or potentates in other
countries. I presume not to read State secrets, nor
is it for me in the irresponsible position in which I
and my colleagues have been placed—it is not for
us, I say, to presume to pretend that we can com-
municate to you any intelligence of which you are
not already masters ; but this I will say with re-
spect to the form of our Constitution, and especially
with respect to the House in which I have the honour
to sit, that if there be any foreign Government or
foreign potentate who, in the supposed distrac-
tions and political dissensions of oui form of
Government, believes that he has found elements
on which he may calculate for pursuing with suc-
cess any scheme of aggressive or of violent ambi-
tion, then I can assure- that Government and that
ruler that they mistake the character and the
genius of the English people and the English
Constitution. And if they count on our dissensions,
and on the noble rivalries of our public life as the
means for the successful prosecution of those
designs, they will count on them to their confu-
sion. They will find, if ever the time should
come when the independence of this country or the
empire of our Sovereign should indeed be menaced,
that the Sovereign of these realms rules over a
devoted people and a united Parliament."
We have not left ourselves room to notice, as we
could wish, the speeches of subordinates, though
they were not unimportant. Lord STANLEY, who
spoke very briefly, did not despair of India if we
did but deal justly with the natives ; if we gave
them opportunities of entering the public service,
treated the native princes with but justice, ab-
stained from intermeddling with their customs, and
if we reduce our military expenditure and opened
up the country freely to English capital, he had no
fear for the future of India. His lordship's home
politics, as well as some other points in regard to
the meeting, we must advert to on another occasion.

The French EMPEROR has at length spoken in
the anguish of his heart. His address to the King
of SARDINIA too plainly expresses the perplexity
of his situation with respect to the Italian ques-
tion. NAPOLEON, like some other men, lias made
a false move, and now endeavours to right himself
by another mole, but in the wrong direction.
From the first his hasty armistice on the very
verge of complete success, and his subsequent de-
lusive parley at Villafranca,' have only engulphed
him in greater confusion. This first grand mistake
has entailed still greater trouble. He now feels the
encumbering weight of his position, and State
necessity, if not respect for public opinion, compels
him to speak out in the perplexity of his own
making. He has clearly outwitted himself in his
ambition to deceive others. He is "hoist with his
own petard"—and dreads the consequences of his
fall. In his new plan for the regeneration of Italy
he overlooks the complexity of the " situation,"
He admits to having made a bad bargain, but
deems it necessary to his honour to hold to his
word, entirely forgetting that the Italian people
have an interest in the matter. But thus it ever
Comes of despotism, The people go for nothing.

Still there may come a day of reckoning, however
slow but sure, when the people will assert their
right to be heard, and vindicate humanity in the
face of death itself. The EMPEROR may yet find
that his present programme will be as inconclusive
as the previous was unfortunate.

Our republican kinsmen in the United States,
instead of " trying it on " in regard to the British
North American possessions—according to Lord
DERBY'S felicitous definition of the late Yankee
seizure of San Juan—would do infinitely better if
they looked well to themselves. They would do
well if they bore in remembrance that the symboli-
cal fasces of their own democratic confederation is
but bound together by a rope of sand—a bond of
union frozen into a precarious state of purely tem-
porary cohesion by the mere awe inspired by the
civilised energy of a dominant race. It is not
merely that there is a latent antagonism there be-
tween the Slaveholding States and the non-Slave-
holding States—an antagonism that might any
day burst into the devastating conflagration
of internecine war at the first momentary
provocation to it ; ignited thus by the veriest trifle,
moreover, as inevitably and as destructively as
when a solitary spark, or a single blow causes the
ignition and destruction of a gunpowder mill. It is
not simply here, in this " little rift in the lute " of
American Liberty, that we may any of us recog-
nise the portent of its being eventually flawed, if
not ultimately and disastrously silenced altogether.
The real danger to the United States, the true peril
to the Federal Union lies not in any political diffe-
rence of opinion among the States themselves, but
in the profound sense of wrong, of one of those
heinous and unnatural wrongs, crying to Heaven
for vengeance, a sense rankling deep in the learts
of the whole of the numerically great and formid-
able helot population !

The startling intelligence recently brought to
this country from the opposite shores of the Atlantic
affords at once to England and to America a vivid
reminder of the volcano that is secretly smoulder-
ing under the apparent strength and tranquillity of
the United States Confederation. Although the
outbreak has been summarily quelled this time,
upon the next occasion the suppression of the revolt
may not be so very readily accomplished. As it is,
the fire that but just now threatened to spread with
fearful rapidity from slave state to slave state has
only been quenched by the effusion of blood
and trampled out under the bold and vigorous heel
of the Executive. Certainly the accounts received
on Friday contained no auguries of this prompt
and successful grappling with the insurrection.
They related only how the negroes had seized the
United States' Arsenal, and were sending cartloads
of muskets into Maryland and elsewhere—how
the express train was stopped—how one employe
was shot dead, and the conductor, being threat-
ened, was forced to hold back. Our advices
adding, in a few brief words only ominously
expressive of confusion and dismay—" The object
of the outbreak is unknown ; the details very
confused. All the telegraph wires leading to
Harper's Ferry are cut. Later dated despatches
say that all the railroad trains are stopped. The
insurrectionists number from 500 to 700. Several
companies of marines leave Washington this even-
ing for the scene of conflict." Happily for the
white population of the slave states generally the
strife has already been brought to a termination
almost as abrupt as its commencement. Well for
the future of these States, however, will it be if
the incident thus glaringly brought to light,
thus rapidly begun and ended, be accepted
frankly as a timely warning! Upon the
black banner of this brief revolt is legibly
inscribed, in letters of flame, the one lurid word
Caveto ! England has the right to echo back
that one word Beware—we have purchased the
right to do so by the payment of twenty millions
sterling ! We have the right to breathe frankly this
advice of warning to our own kinsmen, we who
have dared, though at the cost of those £20,000,000,
to set a resolute example to the whole world upon
this very question of Slavery, by the one bold and
magnanimous act of Emancipation !

Before the next new Reform Bill can be seriously
discussed in the House of Commons, the lamentable
position of the elective franchise as it already
stands must simply, out of due regard to the na-
tional honour, be taken into consideration by the
Legislature. The disclosures recently made—in-
creasingly made ever since the last general election
—demonstrate the absolute necessity of revising the
whole distribution, or rather the whole machinery
of organisation established amongst us almost from
time immemorial for the employment of the Parlia-
mentary franchise. It can scarcely be regarded as
a matter admitting even of any alternative. It is a
question appealing to the common sense of those
endowed with only the most ordinary intelligence.
The corruption is such in the constituencies that
until we can devise some reasonable scheme for
sheltering the present mass of the possessors of
the franchise from the influence of temptations dis-
proportioned to their own capabilities of resistance
—it were clearly cruel, it might even be criminal, to
subject three or four hundred thousand more to the
same pernicious influence—wilfully and wantonly
to plunge them into the very midst of these bane-
ful and baleful temptations. It has been from our
instinctive sense of the anomalies of the present
system, and of the degrading ordeal to which so
many of the possessors of the franchise aro sub-
jected upon the occasion of every general election
that has always incited us to give precedence, above
all other reforms, to that reform which we still
regard as the most essential, namely, the arch-Reform
sketchedout in the succinct catalogue of the People's
Charter, the Reform which will give to the electors
of the United Kingdom the cogis of the Ballot. It
is a farce any longer now to talk of the Ballot being
un-English. There is manifestly, upon the very
face of
,it, something far more un-English than
the Ballot can possibly be, and that is—
all this monstrous bribery, all this odious
and destestable corruption. We ask merely
the same shelter only to the honourable trades-
men voting at an election, precisely the same
shelter and protection to the vote that the " fine
gentlemen" at the West-end Clubs disdain not to
act under when they black-ball through the fashion- '
able ballot-box the acquaintance whose hand they
have just been grasping under the porch. Yield
the Ballot, and there cannot—there simply cannot—
be any continuance of this parasitical venality
and perjury which is fast branding us be-
fore the world, and bringing discredit and
even disgrace upon our representative system.
Let us reverse the legend of Pandora by shutting
up all these evils in the Ballot-box—there to be
transformed into something better than an empty
hope, into the substantial reality of Electoral
Purity. Lord BROUGIUM says—Prevent corrup-
tion by rendering participation in it Felony. Better
than this we say—Render corruption impossible
by making the elector drop his vote into the ballot-
box. In other words, it is simply saying that Cure
is, all the world over, less of an advantage than—
Prevention.

The Court is expected to remain at Windsor
Castle until the latter end of November, when her Majesty
and the Royal Family will proceed to Osborne, and remain
there until the approach of Christmas,—Court Journal.

tt• -. , a Yiztr, %
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' DIE, ' ~ • ,41 o.' .1) ii-01-i•
C. 47r,5.

THE SUN.
MONDAY, OCTOBER 31, 1859.