The Sun.
London, England, 1857-06-04 00:00:00

THE SUN, LONEON, rHURSDAY EVENING, JUNE 4, 1857.

adverb, admittedly. The great Government
organ, the Times of this very morning, distinctly
and explicitly acknowledges the fact on the part
of Lord PALMERSTON and his Administration,,A
does it thus. It characterises the three last7ears
by applying to each some distinctive phrsse by,
way of appropriate appellation. just as we
might designate 1848 as the year of Revolution,
or as we Might 'speak -of -1.851- as the-year of the
International Exhibition. It talks of 1855 as
the year Of War, of 185 G as the year of
I Peace, and of 1857—as the year of What 'I
Why, bluntly— as ,---. the year of . Dissolution 1
Tt says, to gire the ipsissima verba, " The
year before last we had tht War ; last year the
Peace : this year Alva Dissolution." Precisely.
Nothing more and nothing less—the Dissolution:
Everything else is thrown aside until 1858—
which promises, observe " promises," to be the
year of Reform. So chat, for once, the Royal
Speech at the opening of the Session gave a cor-
rect indication of what was in store for us. It
said next to nothing. And Parliament is loyally
taking the hint and doing next to nothing. The
Two Houses in 1857 are something like DIGGORY
and his fellow-servant in GOLDSMITH'S Comedy.
" What be you. going to do 1" "Noathing."
" Then I'll help you 1" And so to-night, as we
have said, they resume their very arduous °cell.
pations.

It will be certainly the fault of the Reformers
themselves, both within and without the walls of
the Imperial Legislature—if some real advantages
are not, after all, drawn from this tantalising
delay through a whole session, if only by way of
Avenging Compensation. Leisure is afforded
thorn to prepare their tactic& deliberately for the
ensuing campaign in the new Parliament. Upon
one thing we ought to be all of us resolved,
namely, to have nothing Less than the
Ballot. That ought to be regarded as
the—sine qua . non ! The Ballot at -the
very least, with as much more as we can pos-
sibly obtain. A very few nights will now afford
us an opportunity of calculating the amount of
the probabilities in favour of our obtaining the
Ballot—Mr. HENRY BERKELEY having intimated
before the recess, his- determination to test the
feeling of the House upon that subject immedi-
ately. after Whitsuntide. So that Reformers
generally ought just now to be more than usually
upon the alert, and more than ordinarily observ-
ant. From the result of the next division upon
the Ballot, very much may be predicated. It will
be at once-comprehensible, through that division,
what amount of exertion may or may not be xe-
requisite, with a view to the furtherance of their
common cause in 1858 among the Reformers
themselves. Consequent upon that division, a
mark ought to be put upon every man's name
among the long list of our popular represents
-Was he for Mr. BERKELEY'S annual
motion, or against it ? Did he pair,
and how—pro or contra 1 Finally—was he
among the Non-Attendants, among those who
neither Paired, nor Voted t Every one of the six
and a half hundred members must obviously-come
point blank under one or other of those categories.
Put them in those categories accordingly. WE
intend to do so. We promise the electors gene-
rally far and wide that we will do so. lAA them
look to it. Let each constituency call to mind
what was asked at the hustings of their represen-
tatives—in regard to the Ballot ! What was there
Asked, and what was then Answered I And
with a judgment reanimated by the reminiscence
let each 'reforming elector look keenly for the
" Right Man in the Right Place" —and sea if he
finds him there I Let east). Elector in favour of t
Ballot look lynx-eyed upon the forthcoming cats
logue s.

Ives.

A reform of our representation may be based
upon throe tolerably distinct ideas. That of re-
presenting all classes of the community ; that of
representing the views of the most enlightened
part of it; and that of representing the mind of
tke people generally. For each of these something
may be said ; but, if we mistake not, the two
former will .be found. little better than political
partisanship or political quackery, and the latter
the only impartial and practical basis of free con-
stitutional government. Its disadvantages, though
not unimportant, will, we think, be found to be
fewer than those attendant on either of the others
—while the breadth of the base will, by the secu-
rity it gives to the whole building, more than
compensate for all defects of symmetry or appear-
ance.

1f there were any means for discovering the most
enlightened among us, and at the same time
guaranteeing their freedom from self intereA, we
might, perhaps, constitute them the trustee elec-
tors for the whole country ; just as we might
give up hereditary monarchy for an election of
the wisest and most patriotic person in the whole.
kingdom, if only the'infallible test for -such quali-
ties could be found. Unhappily neither weights
nor measures can inform us respecting either the
legislative, administrative, or moral qualities of
our fellow-men; not even of their capacity to
chose legislators rightly ; hence our only alter-
native seems to be, to fall back, like insurance
oompanies, on the result of an average. Birth
gives us an average monarch, and an average
House of Lords too ; *and birth must give average
electors or constituencies.

Lord JOFLN RUSSELL, it is true, and the greater
number of constituency-doctors, have laboured
hard to give us a:representation of classes. They
have talked so noisily en the necessity 'of what in
truth is an utter impossibility, that they have
almost made numbers believe that it is an essential
of representation. In a certain sense no doubtit is ;
but they mean, not that persons of all classes should,
have votes ;_ but, that the Reform Bill maker
should group the classes as best he may, and en-
able each class to send its quota of members to
the House of Commons. Now, with all due respect
for Lord Jonx Rvss ELL', this -is just what we must
denounce as political quackery ; it deserves no
better name. ; Take the country as it now stands,
and we defy Lord Jolor RUSSELL to classify it
honestly. • If any two classes have conflicting in-
terests, for instancei viewed in regard to pro-
perty, it-is the two groat groups of buyera and
sellers. This would at, once divide each- branch
of trade into two., The pet county constituencies,
especially, ought.lorthwith to be separated into
the landlord and tenant classes. No two interests
are more opposed than thosoof the letters of farina
and preservers- of game, and the hirers of farms
and the sufferers by game.' At present the law
is all landlord-made laic,' and is in all respc ots
as stringent as it can- be on behalf of the c;lass
which has made it.

But every trade is a class, and even the -whole-
sale and retail dealers in each trade are classes, a) Id
more than that, the sellers-and consumers of each
article of trade are classes—the bakers and their
customers, the grocers 'and their customers, . the
drapers and their customers, and so without e rid,
are all r::Al__. classes.' If we attempted to elm sify
men by their rank, education', profession, or yeti-
gion, we should.
equally perplexed. The other,-
tkp
day the Duke of 4OLZTELAND emphatically asserted
at the Darlingfun- dinner, that to give the suffrage. '
,10 101. householders in counties would be abso- 1

- .

lute destruction to the landed interest ; and both

Mr. DISRAELI and T.,Jprd „him Russzu are desi-
rous to perpetuate-and 4irepgtben the ascendancy,
Aof-lancll,oo.ls „iloiffseq Commons. Now,
we ask, wilat'right jukyo:ilveY first to assume that
representition must be`fstudiously squared with
the-variens-and almost innumerable classes of..tha
community, and then to select one class for special
favour ?

Could, indeed, all classes be represented as
they now exist, still every decade would witness a
shifting among them. The points on •which we
really feel it a matter of interest to have repre-
sentatives in the House of Commons, are contiuu-
' ally changing ; and the best adjusted class repre-
sentation of to-day would be antiquated ten years
hence. But the flagrant vice, the shameless in-
consistency of our Whigs and Tories is,, that

demanding 'representation for all clams, -they first
divide all the country into two—town and

country—and then require that the country
constituencies shall, in any case, have the
upper hand. We contend, on the contrary, that
there are fifty classes equally important with those
of town and country ; that, indeed, since. the in-
auguration of Free-trade,
,there - is no kind of
commercial antagonism between town and coun-
try ; and that true statesmanship, instead "of
fostering the now useless distinction into .a party
badge, would do all it could to fuse and,amalga-
mate the people. The general extension of rail-'
ways, indeed, has converted the greatev.part of
England into one vast city ; the various districts
harmonising with each other more and more every
day is habits, manners, and fashions, and also in
knowledge and public opinion. - •
In view of all these facts, and• not -least of the
one last mentioned, we maintain that it is more
statesmanlike to deal with the people as one ;
to know no distinction of trade or profession, of
education or religion, of rank or caste ; to treat
them as Englishmen all ooncerned to do their
best for their country, and not as hostile sections
of a community pitted one against the other.
Lord JOHN RUSSELL has strongly aisetted that
our legislators are Imperial legislatore,• and not
legislators for this borough or-that '; for'a county
in the north or the south of •Britain. Be it so.
But let electors then be Imperial electors ; let
them be asked, as they ought to be asked, to send
men to Parliament not to legislate for proprietors
of rent, or for manufacturers of cotton; for makers
of hardware, or for weavers of cloth ; 'but for the
equal protection of the rights, and 'property, and
industry of all classes. Large constituencies, both
town and country, would represent' -best the
general wishes of the people; and it is morally
certain that amongst- a ooniiderable number of
members some must be found practically ac-
quainted with all mattsrs which could occupy the
?Mention of the house.
It is important to add that to a real representa-
tion of the national mind, as well as to guard
against the worst evils of elections, the
ballot ig, of course, indispensable. - No arrange-
ment of constituencies can be honestly worked
without making each vote a real one ; and the
real opinion of all can never. be given at the poll
unless we get rid of that corruptor's and intimi-
dator's ledger—the polling book. . We want the
honest mind of the nation, and maintain that nei-
ther the Duke of CLEVELAND nor Mr. DISRAELI,
neither Lord JOHN RUSSELL nor Lora PALMER-
sIoN, has any right to shuffle the constituencies
like a pack of cards, and to play them to their.
own purpose ; let England be taken as it is, and we
, are content. We ask only that the English party
should have fair play.
he •

The all-important question of Currency and
Bank Reform is now fairly before the public. A
Select Committee of the House of Commons is
actually sitting and hearing evidence on the sub-
ject, and on the Report of that Committee it will
mainly depend whether the existing monopoly of
the Bank of England is to be maintained for a
further term of ten• years, and the unwise and
inequitable Act of 1844 renewed without change
or modification of any kind, or whether the country
is to obtain a circulating medium adequate to Re
wants and exigencies, by means whereof its na-
tural resources might be fairly developed, and
full employment provided for its industry. There
can be but little doubt as to what the result will
be if the public remain indifferent and apathetic.
The Chancellor of the Exchequer has revealed his
intentions, and selected a committee likely to
give effect therounto. Nothing but " the pressure
from without," strenuously applied, can obtain
even the trifling boon of a small addition to the
flank issues on Securities, • and. a foreign trade of
120,000,0001. sterling per annum must be car-
ried on •with the same amount of Currency that
was provided to meet less than half the • amount,
or 55,000,0001. An exorbitant rate of interest
is consequently the normal condition of the
nation, and the bullionist organ has coolly an-
noueced that we cannot hope for a restoration of
cheap money—meaning thereby a moderate rate
of interest—for several years to- come. It is to
enlighten the public mind on these matters by
exposing " the inconsistencies, injustice, and
anomalies of the existing monetary' system," that
the Currency and Bank Reform Association,
which yesterday held its first meeting has been
called into existence,- and we heartily- wish it• suc-
cess in the arduous path on whiokit has entered:
The Association are acting judiciously in point-
ing out clearly and unequivocally the practical
operation of the monetary code on 'the different
kinds of property, the value whereof must be
greatly depreciated by a -continued high rate of
interest. They show its effects On railways, on
land, manufacture; 'agriculture, shipping,. min:
ing,- and all distant undertaking; etch as the
irrigation and growth of cotton in India, 'and' on
different classes, such as retail traders, artisans,
operatives, all, in :*act, who obtain their daily
bread by their daily, labour. .This is going. to
work in the right way: -Oa° simple fact that
comes home to -that most - sensitive- point --the
pocket, is worth a hundred abstract arguments.
It was because the Anti-Corn-Law League ,di-
rected its attention to this subject; and-pointed
out the manner in which the bread tax affected
every household in •the kingdom, that the
triumph of the great principle was-ensured. The,
beginning was small. Seven. energetic men met
together 'in a small back room in Manchester,.
but within a short time the ramifications of -the
Society had extended through.every district ill the'
United Kingdom, and had attained such-gigantic
proportions that it produced the. briakiteg-up of
one of the strongest Parliamentary, 'artie's that:
ever supported any •Administration.:, Monetary,
Reformers should not therefore be- discouraged at
the small attendance at the preliminary meeting.
As we have already repeatedlyeatateeli:`‘the public
only require authentic information as to the full
effects of this, the most unwise, and impolitic law,
that ever received the legislative sanction, t;
shake off the unaccountable apathy•that has so.
long tolerated its continuant*. If the
measurable importance of the subject. were.'
only partially understood—if those who earn;
their daily bread by their daily' labour,.
'and all engaged in trade, commerce, -or manufao.'
tures, could conceive • the ,effect, of the Bank

;

Ch arter Act on their comforts, their happitcs,

and their prosperity, we ,should witnes3 demon-
strations in every part of tli'nl,iingdbMillat would

speedily place matters: on a sound "foundation,
and ensure the repeal, of the' obnoxious law. It
is their ignorance alone that has produced indif-
ference, and the manner in which they have been
mystified by interested parties." This" ignorance
will, however, speedily be enlightened—these mists
dispelled, if the new association earnestly and
efficiently discharges the duty it has voluntarily
undertaken. It must follow in the foot-
steps of the Leagne. A salutary precedent
has been established, and there should be
no departure therefrom. Cheap tracts should
be published explaining the most salient►
points, but above and beyond all there should be
meetings in every part of the kingdom, at which
competent- lecturers and deputations from the
parent society should attend. It was the ?machinery
set in motion by the League that ensured its
inevitable triumph, and similar means would pro-
duce similar results in a question of equal, if not

greater importance.
There is also 'another reason for this apathy.
Men engaged in- trade, and therefore requiring
pecuniary' "iecominodation. are unwilling to be
stigmatised as Agitators. If the complaints
,are strongly urged, it will be stated that
they are 'in ' difficulties, and they cannot
hope for help frOra the money lenders, whose
prgctiees. they are denouncing, and whose unholy
priifits they are striving to reduce within reason-
able limits. These men may, however, subscribe,
they may provide tthe sinews of war, by which
the association cati-carry its intentions into prac-
tical operation, and get into good working con=
dition. At 'present the discussion of the subject
is all that is required. Truth must benefit by
that discussion ; and when it is ascertained that
the fluctuations in the value or interest of money
—more injurious, as even Mr. COBDEN himself
declared, than "the failure of all the banks of
issue that ever stopped payment"—are occa-
sioned by this iniquitous code, adequate mea-
eures will be adopted to abate the social
nuisances and to obtain ""free trade in currency,"
by which alone comparative equality in the rate
of interest and discount can be obtained. At
present it is indispensable to prevent the renewal
of the Bank Charter Act in its present form
during thepresent session, and that surely can be
accomplished without any extraordinary diffi-
culties. If the Act be renewed for ten years, a
new obstacle will be created to an 'equitable ar-
rangement that may prove insuperable.

We earnestly invite attention to a lett?r from a
consistent and energetic monetary reformer—Mr.
HAMER STANSFELD --t1 the Editor of the Econo,
mist, or in other words to Mr. "Team WILSON,
M.P., Financial Secretary to the Treasury, and
one of the most experienced members of the Select
Committee of the House of Commons now in-
quiring into the expediency of renewing the Bank
Charter Act of 1844 for a further term of ten
years. Although a strenuous advocate for the
convertibility of the bank note, Mr. WILSON' has
taken much sounder views ou the general question
of currency than almost any of the bullionist writers,
and his pertinent questions to the witnesses before
the Committee of 1848, on the causes of the com-
mercial crisis of the preceding year, should have
ensured a very different report from that which
was carried by a small majority. His views are,
therefore, of peculiar importance. It is desirable
to ascertain whether the monetary reformer is
merged in the minister ; and whether he is pre-
pared to surrender ,the opinions which he has so
powerfully advocated, at the command of the
Chancellor of the Exchequer.
Mr. WILSON in a recent article in the Econo-
mist, " absolves the act of 1844, from being in
any degree instrumental in making money
dearer." Now, on this point, we must together
with Mr. STANS/ELD, join issue with the
Honourable Gentleman. He states, that the
high rate is entirely attributable to the deficiency
of floating capital. But even were that the case,
to what is that deficiency owing, but the want of
an adequate circulating medium, or as Mr.
STANSFELD terms it, " legal tender money ?" If
the demand so greatly exceeds the supply, and
the price is therefore forced up to an exorbitant
rate, it is because that supply is curtailed, by the
undue- restrictions imposed by the Bank Charter
Act, which compels the withdrawal of a 5/. note
for every five sovereigns withdrawn from the
stock of bullion in the bank vaults, and still
more from the absurd prohibition of notes of
small and convenient denominations, which
would answer the purposes of every day life. As
ar. STANSFELD justly remarks; the effect would
be precisely the same, whether occasioned by the
withdrawal of bullion or bank notes. For every
practical purpose paper is even better than gold ;
and if MERCATOR and his disciples carried out
their views by the adoption of a purely metallic
currency, and thus effected a further reduction
of 14,475,-000/, in the circulating medium, it
would be precisely the same as the withdrawal of
an equal amount of bullion. • •

Mr. WILSON has birmielf----in the Economist of
May 9, 1847--t,xplained the effect of a large ad-
Alitional issue of 1/. notes. He then said, "While
therefore at present we economise the capital o
the country by the •use •of five-pound notes and
upwards, to the extent of 14,000,0001., we
would accomplish the. same to the extent of
24,000,000/., or '20,000,0001. in addition, by
the use of one-pound notes, with the most perfect
safety. - We should thus immediately add to the
effective capital of -the country, to our stock of
commodities, or which is the same thing, our
command over them to the extent of 20,000,0001.,
just as much as if we dug that amount of bullion
out of the centre of. England." With these views,
how, then, can Mr. WILSCN " absolve the Act of
1844 from being in any degree instrumental in
making money dearer ?"
We are glad to find that Mr. WILSON still pro-
tests against "needless protection" to currency.
Let him give us the 20,000,0001. of one-pound
notes, and he4ill have-made immense progress in
the right direction. These 20,000,0001. should
be national-paper, which would not only save a
large stem •uf motley annually paid from the Ex-
chpquer,.but would avert the degrading necessity
of having the Government dependent on a private
triding corporation for the means of liquidating
•ikengagemenja —of paying the interest of the
-national•debtcand maintaining the national estab:
lishraprits due efficiency.

toyal Highness the puke of Cambridge, as
.General Coin manding-in-Chief, entertained a select circle
at dinner "last evening, at St. James's Palace.
His Grace thi3 Archbishop of York and the Hon. Mrs.
Musgrave deft their mansion in Belgrave•square, on
Tuesday, -for the palace at Bishopthorpe, York.
the Vac and Duchess of Wellington have issued
cardsiorr airana` dinner to-morrow evening, at Apsley
House. 2 . •

The Duke of, Sutherland left Stafford House, yester.
day, for Gravesend, toombark on board his yacht ; his
Grace intending to take a cruise before proceeding t.
Scotland. . .

The Duke of Bumknelt is expected to return to Mon-
tague'..l-16use, Whitehall, to-morrow, from Bothwell
,Caatle, near Glasgow, where liis grace was lately called
upon business connected with the estate of the late Lord
Douglas.

-{ !-_~-.

The Earl and Countess of Glengall had a select party
at dinner last evening at their mansion in Lower Gros-

vcnor4treet.
The Earl of Hone has joined the Countess at Ditton
Park, near Windsor, from Bothwell, near Glasgow.
'Viscountess Stratford de Radcliffe and the Hon. Miss
Canning have arrived in town from Constantinople, with
the intention of passing a few months in this country.

Viscount and Viscountess Palmerston return to town

to-day, from Broadlands, Hints.

Viscount Hamilton, eldest son of the Marquis £f

Abercorn, has this week entered as a nobleman at Christ
Church, Oxford. His lordship will not go into residence
at College until October term.
Lady Stanley of Alderley, has issued cards for ail
assembly on Wednesday nest, at her residence in Dover-
street.

Lady Charlotte Denison has issued cards for an as
sembly on Tuesday next, at her residence in Carlton•

Carlton House Terrace.

Lord and Lady Overstone entertained a select circle
at dinner list evening, at their residence in Carlton

gardens. Her ladyship has issued cards for a concert

on Friday next.
We are authorised to state that Lady Louisa Douglas
Pennant's ball will take place on Friday, the 19th inst.
Lord and Lady Willoughby De Eresby had a dinner
party last evening at the family residence in Piccadilly.
Lord and Lady Wenlock have closed their visit to
the Duke and Duchess of Nortumberland, and gone to
their seat in Shropshire.
CHAPEL ROYAL, Sr. JAMES'S.—Preachers in June :
Rev. Dr. Hook, Rev. S. M.Anderon, Hon. and Rev.

R. L. \Yea, Rev. Henry Birch. Divine service com

mences 12 o'clock. -
His Grace the Duke of Norfolk has just presented a
contribution of 1001. to the Associate Institution for
Improving and Enforcing the Laws for the Protection
of Women.

It is understood that Sir Laurence Peel, who was
many years Chief Justice at Calcutta, is about to be
nominated by the Government to the vacant beat of the
East India Direction.
The London silk-market is maintained with firmness,
and from this fact, coupled with the despondency on the
Paris Bourse, it is to be inferred that the prospects of
the French crop are not beeoming less unfavourable.
The suspension has been announced of Messrs Wm.
Macintosh and Co., of Manchester, with liabilities sup-
posed to amount to about 100,0001., of which about
40,000 i. fall in London.
LIVERPOOL, Wednesday.—The new screw steamship
Kangaroo, Captain S. S. M. Jsffrey, seiltd this after-
noon far New York, with a large complement of pas-
sengers and a general cargo.
THE ALLEGED INFANTICIDE AT EALlNG.—Yesterday,
At the Breutford Town Hall, the bench committed the
accused, Mary Green, for the concealment of birth, to
Newgate, to take her trial for that offence.
CROSBY HALL.—Yesterday, the unexpired term of the
lease (77 years) of this fine memorial of early London,
was, put up to auction by Mr. Fox. It was formerly
the palace of Richard 111. It was knocked down fur
5,9901., but it is understood to have been bought in.
Open-air preaching has been commenced by the Rev,
Francis Trench in the picturesque old village of blip,
near Oxford. A large assemblage► now meets each
Snaday evening under the " Cross Tree " to hear the
Weird of God.
HA! MARKET THEATRE.—Mr. Turpin, the respected
box book-keeper of this establishment, takes his annual
benefit on Monday evening next, the Bth inst., when the
new► and successful drama, "The Husband of an Hour,"
will be performed, together with " Atalanta," and Mor-
ton's comedietta, "A Pretty Piece of Business," in
which Mr. Buckstone, Miss Reyn. lie, and Miss Talbot
will appear.
elegraphic advices from Lisbon state that the con-
tract for the railway between Lisbon and Oporto, lately
esi ered into with Sir Morton Peto, has been definitively
approved by the Legislature, the measure having passed
the Chamber of Peers. An arrangement has also been
made for the settlement of the claims of Messrs. Shaw
and Waring in connection with the works already con-
structed on the portion of the line between Lisbon and
Santarem.
HUMAN EEMAINS.—Daring the excavations which are
now taking place near the tunnel of the East Kent Rail-
way, at Ordnance-place, Chatham, the workmen have
discovered a great number of human remains, amount-
ing, in the whole, it is said, to nearly 50. Tee skele-
tons were discovered at a depth of scarcely more than
three feet below the surface of the ground, nearly the
whole of them appearing as if having been buried in
coffins.

ELECTION OF MEMBERS OF VIE ST. PANCRAS
BURIAL BOARD.—Yesterday at the St. Pancras vestry
there WRS a contest for members of the Burial B end
(Mr. Churchwarden Wyatt in the chair.) The three
members retiring by rotation were the Rev. Thomas
Dale, M.A., the vicar, the Rev. Robert Eckett, and Mr.
Robert Furniss. The Rev. Mr. Dale, the Rev. Robert
Littler, and Mr. Samuel Sandys were elected.
THE AUSTRALIAN MAIL SERVICE.—In consequence
of the break down of the Australian mail steamer
Oneida, there will be no outward overland Australian
mail despatched on the 12th inst. The European and
Australian Mail Company will despatch a ,teamer this
month to Australia, via the Cape of Good Hope, which
will convey the mail which should have gone by way of
Egypt.
ADDITIONAL STEAM ACCOMMODATION TO INDIA.—The
directors of the Peninsular and Oriental Company have
issued a circular, stating that, in pursuance of their in-
tention to provide additional accernmodation for the
large number of passengers proceeding to India by the
overland route during the later months of the year, tl.ey
will despatch extra steamers from Southampton on the
27th of Oct. and 12th-Dect. next, in correspondence with
steamers from Suez to Ceylon, .leladrae, and Calcutta.
There will also be an extra departure from Calcutta about.
the 15th March, 1853, for the convenience of homeward
passengers.
The precise amount of the specie shipped by the Pen-
insular and Oriental steamer Indus is 761,613/., of which
413,4621. is silver for Bombay, Madras, Calcutta,
Penang, and Singapore, and 342,8371. for Hong Kong
and Shanghai. The only gold is 5,3141., for Ceylon,
Madras, and Hong Kong. Ie is stated that the total
would have reached the sum mentioned yesterday, but
that there were numerous packages which could not be
prepared in time. The amount by the next mail will be
proportionately increased.
EXCURSIONISTS AT BniatiToN.—,-0a Sunday 2,400
i;xeureionisti paid us a visit from the metropolis and the
interrneliate stations ; on Monday, curiously enough,
the nnmbers were, as nearly as maybe,
2,000 from London, 400 from New Cross and stations
southward. On Mon tay 1,200 from Brighton visited
Shoreham, and yesterday 1,000 availed themselves of
the excursion train to London and back. About 500
visited the coast from the metropolis.—Brighton Guar-
dian.

THE ART TREASURES EXHIBITION.--There was a larger
attendance on Tuesday than on any previous day since
the opening, 9,484 persons paying a shilling for admis-
sion at the doors, and 914 entering with season tickets—
total, 10,393. Of these, 2,005 arrived by railway. The
Manchester races drew a good many people in another
direction yesterday, and the attendance was somewhat
less.

PUBLIC PETITIONS.—There are now three petitions
against the dowry of the Princess Royal, signed by eight
persons ' • 141 against the Maynooth Endowment, signed
by 23,654 persons ; 41 for a repeal of the paper duty,
signed by 1,066 persons; one (from Mr. J. Cslilwell, of
Dean-street, Soho) against the Beer Bill ; and 35 in its
favour, signed by 5,368 persons; and 214 for an altera-
tion of the law on the Civil Service Superameuation
Fund, signed by 9,185 persons.
LUCK IN ODD NUMBERS.—A letter from Rome, in
the Courricr Franco-Italica, mentions the death of the
Baron Gazioli, who by his talents in business in a few
years amassed a colossal fortune. He arrived at Rome
al a journeyman baker, with 17 baiocchi (sous) in his
pocket, and at hie death left one of the largest fortunes
in Rome. In memory of the 17 baiocchi of capital with
which he commenced, he has always held that number
in veneration. He bad 17 farms, 17 houses, and 17
different kinds of investment of money.
THE SCOTHEENE BURGLARY,—FiVO men, named
Enoch Jordan, Henry Blick, Alexander M'Donald,
George Williams, Richard Allsop, and a woman named
Mary Brown have undergone several exa•ninations
before the magistrates at Lincoln, charged with being
concerned in the burglary perpetrated on the premises of
Mr. Pinder Worth, farmer at Scotherne, Lincolnshire,
early on the morning of the 18th ult. A. great deal of
evidence was adduced against the prisoners, some of
whom were proved to have been possession of several of
the articles stolen from Mr. Worth. All the men were
committed for trial, but the woman was discharged.
The Committee of Spanish American Bondholders
have transmitted for publication a correspondence re-
garding the debt of Venezuela. It consists of a letter
from the Finance Minister to Mr. Mocatta, the repre-
sentative of the bondholders at Csracca., and of Mr.
Mocatta's reply thereto. The Finance Minister an-
nounces that the Venezuelan Government decline to
assent to the agreement effected last January by their
own commissioners with the bondholders' committee in
London, on the plea that the resources of the country
would preclude the possibility of its being punctually
fulfilled. He adds that the Government intend to issue
a decree for the settlement of the debt according to their
own views, and that this decree will be submitted along
with the rejected agreement to the Venezuelan Con-
gress, who can then decide between the two plans, or
suggest any other they may think proper. Mr. Mocatta,
in reply to this disgraceful intimation, formally protests
against the right assumed by the Government of set•
thug by an arbitrary decree the claims of foreign cre-
ditors.
THE CHINESE SEAS.—LivrEron, Wednesday.—The
The following extract from the log of the barque Strath-
more Captain John 11fann, on her voyage from New
York, to Foo-Cbow-Foo, may prove of interest to navi-
gators in the Eastern Seas. Captain Mann reports :
" December 4, saw an island bearing, east by north at
8 a.m., and at 10 a.m. saw another island bearing north-
west by west. From the ship's position they must be
the Mitre and the Cherry islands shown on the chart as
doubtful. At noon two canoes were in sight from
Cherry Island, but we having a fine breeze they did not
get alongside. At 5p m. passed over a shoal with from
four to five fathoms of water upon it. Could see the
bottom very distinctly. Sand and rocks. The bottom
was not seen until we passed over it. A space of 150
yards or thereabouts may be the extent of it. I consider
it in the latitude of 11 degrees 9 minutes south, and the
longitude of 170 degrees 42 minutes east, and I believe
it has never been discovered before. • I call it the Strath.
more Shoal."

LATEST NEWS.

AUSTRALIA.

(BY ELECTRIC TELEGRAPH.)
PLYMOUTH, THURSDAY MORNING.

The Sassex, Captain Scanhm, 87 days from

Melbourne, with over 48,000 ounces of gold,

was off the port this morning.
She left the Heads on the 19th of March,
rounded Cape Horn on the 6th of April, and
crossed the lino on the 3d of May.
The Sussex is laden with wool and copper ore,
and has 137 passengers, of whom eight mechanics
landed hero. They state that their wages varied

'rom 154. to 20d., and those of labourers from

10s. to 205., working eight hours per day, which

is the prevailing time.
Profits are less. Business is more steady.

The Sussex spoke, north of the line, the South
Carolina, 102 days out from Melbourne, for
Liverpool ; May 17th, the Glorieuse, from India,
with troops, last from the Cape, out 92 days ;
all well ; June 3, in the Channel, the B 1 Lek
Swan, out 92 days from Hobart Town.

We have new from ConstAntinople of the 25th
May, and from Teheran of the 27th April.
High dignitaries of the Persian Court have been
sent to the frontier for the purpose of giving a
formal reception to Mr. Murray, the English

Envoy.
The ratifications of the treaty of peace were ex-
changed on the 2d of May, at Bagdad ; great cere-
mony and mutual congratulationi passed between
the Hon. Mr. Murry and Jehanguire Khan, the
Persian Plenipotentiary.