The Sun.
London, England, 1857-02-16 00:00:00

NO MORE PILLS NOR ANY OTHER MEDICINE

FOR CONSTIPATION, INDIGESTION, DYSPEPSIA, NERVOUS, BILIOUS, AND
LIVER COMPLAINTS, COUGH, ASTHMA, CONSUMPTION, AND DEBILITY.
DU BARRY'S delicious HEALTH-RESTOR-
ING REVALENTA ARABICA FOOD saves fifty times its
cost in other remedies, and cures the above complaints and their
consequences, such as hemorrhoidal affections, flatulency, disten-
sion, acidity, heartburn, palpitation of the heart, nervous headaches,
hysteria, neuralgia, deafness, noises in the head and ears, pains at
the pit of the stomach and between the shoulders, erysipelas, erup-
tions of the rain, impurities and poverty of the blood, scrofula,
dropsy, rheumatism, gout, nausea and sickness during pregnancy,
after eating, or at sea ; low spirits, spasms, epileptic fits, spleen,
general debility, inquietude, sleeplessness, involuntary blushing,
paralysis, tremors, dislike to society, unfitness for study, loss of me-
mory, delusions, vertigo, blood to the head, exhaustion, melan-
choly, groundless fear, wretchedness. It is, moreover, the
best food for infants and invalids generally, as it never
turns acid on the weakest stomach, nor interferes with a
good liberal diet, but imparts a healthy relish for lunch and dinner,
and restores the faculty of digestion and nervous and muscular energy
to the most enfeebled. Supported by testimonials from the celebra-
ted Professor of Chemistry Or Andrew Ure, Dr. Shorland, Dr.Har-
Vey, Dr. Campbell, Dr. Gattiker, Dr. Wurzer, Dr. 'ngram, Lerd
Stuart de Decies, the Dowager Countess of Castlestuart, and 50,000
other well-known individuals, whose health has been restored by
this useful and economical diet, after all other means had been tried
in vain for many years, and all hopes of recevery aban -toned.

- -
•
Analysis by the celebrated Professor of Chemistry Andrew Ure
F.R.S., &c., &c.
" London, 24, Bloomsbury-square.
" I hereby certify, that having examined Du Barry's Revalenta
Arabica I find it to be a pure vegetable Farina, perfectly whole-
some, easily digestible, likely to promote a healthy action of the
stomach and bowels, and thereby to counteract dyspepsia (Indiges-
tion), constipation. and their nervous consequences.
ANDREW URE, M.D., &c., Analytical Chemist."
-

Ukase by the Emperor of Russia.
Russian Consulate General, London, Dec. 2,1847.
The Consul-Oeneral.has been ordered to inform Messrs. Barry,
Dn Barry and Co., that the Revalenta Arabica they had sent to his
Majesty the Emperor, has by imperial permission, been forwarded to
the Minister of the Imperial Palace
Suitably packed for all climates, and with full instructions. In
canisters, Ilb 2s 9d ; 21b as 6d ; 51b 11s ; 121 b 22s ; super refined
quality, llb 6s : 21b lls ; 51b 28s ; 101 b 33s The 1019 and 121 b canis-
ters are forwarded carriage free, on receipt of Post-ofilee order.
Barry Du Barry and Co.. 77, Regent-greet. London; Fortnum,
Mason, and Co.. purveyors to her Majesty, 182, Piccadilly ; also at
60, Gracechurch-street • 330 and 451, Strand ; 4, Cheapside ; 68,
Cornhili ; 4S, Bishopsgate-street; 55, Charing-cross; 54, Upper
Baker-street ; 63 and 150. Oxford-street

A NEW AND IMPORTANT DISCOVERY IN THE SCIENCE

atent Office Seal of GreftrßriMtaEDin.lCDlNipL
P iome d'Ecole de Pharmacia
TlRlaErmsEamcieAdeNoP.a ', 2 CollegerliErecaparrireeddof Medicine, Vienna.
wold In tin cas inn Theowaistcoat form ota lozenge,pooket.
es, dividedr' aldl:3
devoid of taste or smell, and
into
separate doses, as administered
Valpeau, Lallernand, Roux, by
TRIESEMAR tta, Ricord, &C., &c.
No. 1 •
LAXATION, SPER MA is a Remedy for RE-
consequences arising from T°RRTICEA
early I . and all the distressing
long residence In hot climates. abuse,lt has
ndiscritninate excesses, or too
strength and vigour to thousands of has restored bodily and sexual
now in the enjoyment of health and debilitated individuals who are
whatever may be the cause for DlSthe Functions of Manhood; and
RIAGE, they are effectually
aubduetIy3ALIFICATIONS for MAR-
TRIESEMAR Nyo
.thilis Wonderful Discovery.
effectually, in the short space of three days,"
eradicates all traces of Gonorrhoea, both in its mild
and entirely
forms, Gleets, Strictures, Irritation of the Blad(nilerldird aggravated
Urine, Pains of the Loins and Kidneys. and those' cm-retention of
eopaivi and Cubehs have so long been thought an antid
disordersot which
rain of the health of a vast portion of the population. e for, to the
TRIESEMAR No. 111.,
is the great Continental Remedy for Syphilis and Secondary Symp-
toms. It also constitutes a certain cure for Scurvy, Scrofula, and all
Cutaneous Eruptions, removing and expelling in its course all corrun-
tions and impurities from the vital stream, as altogether to eradicaie
the Tiro of disease, and expel it with the insensible perspiration
through the medium of the pores of the skin and urine, and is a
never-failing remedy for that class of disorders which unfortunately
the English Physician treats with Mercury, to the inevitable destruc-
tion of the patient's constitution, and which all the sarsaparilla in
the world cannot restore. Price 11s., or tour cases in one for 335„
which saves I ls., and in 5/. cases, whereby there is ft saving of 11. 12s.
To be had wholesale and retail in London, of
aria Derby Co and
~ 63 Gordon,
, 140, Leadenhall-street; Front, 229, Strai,d; Hannay
ford-street ; Sanger, 150, Oxford .street; Barclay and Son, 97, Far
St.
vingdon.street ; Butler and 'larding, 4, Cheapside ; Edwards, .
1 Paul's Churchyard.
_____

HUMAN FRAILTTY a Popular Medical
Work, price Is., post free, beautifully illustrated with 100 engravings,
and containing the opinions of Valpeau, Lallemand, Roux, Ricord,
&c• It gives copious instructions for the perfect restoration of those
who are prevented by impediments from entering into the married
anadte, also showing the dreadful results from early abuse, gonorrho3a,
sYphilis, and the benefits arising from the chemical tests and
examination
of the spermatoza, by the'author's newly-constructed
row.
microscope, with
powerful lenses.—Piper and Co., 23, Paternoster-
and Avail all Agents for the sale 01".Triegeniar'n,

By the arrival of the Overland Mail files of
papers and correspondence from Bombay to the
16th of January ; Calcutta, Bth of January; and
Hongkong, 30th of December, have been received.
BOMBAY, JAN. 16.
Lett( rs from Busbire down to the 30th of De-
cember have arrived. Up to that date no attempt
to recapture the place or to annoy our troops had
-been made by the enemy. They were repotted to
be mustering in considerable strength at no great
distance, but nothing had yet been seen of them,
save by a reconnoitring party of cavalry and home
artillery, who caught. sight of a body of horsemen;
which rapidly vanished. Rumours of an intended
attack are, however, rife in the camp, and our
little
force considered itself in a position to receive and.
repel it. One regiment, the 20th Native Infantry,
held the town, the remainder of the force occupying
an intrenched camp upon the plain in the neigh-
bourhood of the wells and the redoubt from which. the
Persians were shelled out by the fleet on the morning
of the 10th. The health of the troops is said to be

generally good, but' he 2d Europeans had a large
number of men in hospital. At present the climate
is pleasant enough, the thermometer ranging from
40 deg. at night to 80 deg. in the sun at noon.
And so this first instilment of the Anglo-Indian

power is biding its time within the iutrenchments;
while day after day the great ships which conveyed
it are spreading their canvass to the noifierly winds
in quest of reinforcements. Those arrived, the
advance will commence ; whereto end and by what

enemy to be impeded time wilt show. Teheiiin and.'.
a Perso-Muscovite army a-re Curren-fit-CAE iu the
mouths of men.

A second division for service in Persia is accord-
ingly being organised in Bombay to the very fullest
extent that the not over-strong army of the
western Presidency is able to afford. General
Orders, remodelling the staff of the whole
force, appeared yesterday in the Government

Gazette, 'Sir James Ouiram, as you are- aware,
commands, with the rank of Lieutenant-General.
General Stalker drops to the command of the Ist
division, at present under his orders at Bushire,
which will be strengthened by the remaining
squadron of the 3d Light Cavalry. The 2d divi-
sion is given to Col. Havelock, brother of the
" fair-haired boy" of the Peninsular, who fell in
the charge of the 14th at Rononugger, and himself
a distinguished soldier in Burmah and in Affgban-
ist an, at Maharajpore and on the Sutlej. He suc-
ceeded Col. Markham as Adjutant-General of the
Queen's forces in India—an appointment which he
now vaca'e4. The division under his orders con-
sists of two brigades—the arst compose-1 of the
78th Highlanders and the 26th Native Infantry,
the second of the 23d Native Infantry and a strong
battalion formed of the light companies of the re-

giments not ordered on service. The Highlandera
marched from Poonah some days ago, and were
halted at the top of the Bore Ghaut till the tram-
ports should be perfectly ready to receive them im-
mechately on their lewin g the railway station. Their
future comrades of the 26th passed them from Sa-
tara, while thus encamped, and were received by
the Scotsmen with hearty cheers for "the Camero-
nians." The regiment thus playfully designated,
after the corresponding corps in the Royal army,
is
encamped on the esplanade here, and will be in-
spected by the Commander-in-Chief this evening,
preparatory to embarkation. The wing of the
Highlanders came down by train yssterday, and
was shipped at once ; the other follows with all
despatch. Their senior Lieut.-Col.,
Hamilton, com-
mands the brigade. The 23d Native Infantry,
from Rajcote, will embark, as thdi 3d Cavalry
did
before them, at Porebunder, and the light batta-
lion from Bombay, to which poiut the various co m-
paiiies that will compose it are rapidly converging.
Col. Hall, now Brigadier at Poonah, will command
this 2d brigade. Col. Wilson, K.H., of the 64th,
will succeed to the brigade vacant by the death of
Col. Stopford.
The cavalry will be augmented by two corps,
each in its own way superb—the 14th Light Dra-
goons and the Ist Scinde Horse ; the latter are 800
strong, the former probably 650. The Dragoons
will take ship here, and the Irregulars at Kurra-
chee, upon which port they are marching from
Jaoobabad. Col_ .1-n.e.oh takes charge of the whole
cavalry division, Col. Tapp and Col. Steuart of the
14th commanding the two brigades. The artillery
reinforcements consist of a field battery from Sbo-
lapore, and the 4th troop of Horse Artillery from
Kurrachee.' There are also to bo despatched, with
a view to service in the defiles that lead up to the
plateau of Shiraz, two mountain trains, each con-
sisting of eight 12-pounder howitzers, and six 54-
inch mortars. Batteries of this kind have been for

some years in use among the hills on the Pesbawur
frontier, but are now for the first time prepared in
the arsenal of Bombay. In the engineer depart-
ment the Government are forced to borrow from
Madras, and a steamer left the harbour yesterday
to fetch a detachment of Sappers and Miners from
that Presidency. A Land Transport Corps is orga-
nised under a director and eight assistants. Col.
Lugard, of her Majesty's 29th, a soldier of great
Indian experience and a most estimable man, is
appointed Chief of the Staff. The heads of the
Adjutant and Quartermaster-General Departments
(Younghusband and Wray) bear a high character
for activity and intelligence. Assistant to the lat-
ter is Ballard, of Silistria, the subaltern C. 8., and
on the rolls of the army are several other officers
whp served in the late war against Russia, either
with the Queen's troops or with the Turkish Con-
tingent. One other project for increasing our
strength in Persia remains to be noted—the em-
ployment of irregular horse to be raised among the
tribes of Turkish Arabia and the Persian seaboard.
To chat extent it is contemplated to carry out this
scheme I am not aware, nor very probably is it de-
finitively settled. Rumour even goes as high as ] 5
regiments, but I have not yet heard of appoint-
ments for more than three at the most, though I

imagine we may expect to hear of about six. —All
appointments are made by Col. Jacob, many of
them under recommendations from General Out-

ram. Three Bengal officers thus nominated leave
for KirTaehee this evening to report themselves to
the Colonel, and others of the Bombay army will

speedily follow.
Sir James Outram, with his personal staff, Col.
Lugard, and other officers, went on board the
Semiramis last night, and sailed for Bushire early
this morning. The Persian prisoners, who had been
detainee, iu the Assaye till they were somewhat
weary and querulous, have been sent up to Ahmed-
nugger in charge of the captain and first lieutenant
of the ship and a military escort. On their way
they stopped at Poonah, were visited by the autho-
rities, and feted by a wealthy Parsee. At Ahmed-
nugger, where a house is secured for them, they
will be under the charge of the judge of that sta-
tion.

Such being the efforts of the Bombay Govern.
went to display upon the skirts of the Persian em
pire a force of respectable numerical strength, we
are all anxiety to know whether any portion of the
powerful army cantoned in the Punjab and on the
Affghan frontier is to be employed in striking a
blow. at its heart. This question has doubtless
been well ventilated during the past fortnight in
many a noteworthy discussion between Sir John
Lawrence and his guest Dost Mahommed, for his
gueat the Ameer actually is, or very lately was,
having arrived at Jamrood, in the Peshawur Val-
ley, on the Ist. When he left Cabul does not ap-
pear, but letters from that city of the 22d of Dec.
speak of his having been then heard of from as far
down as Jellalabad, on his way to the English
frontier. The Chief Commissioner had been some
time waiting for the arrival of his visitor, and on
hearing of his approach sent a considerable force
four miles into the Khyber Pass to meet and escort
him. A similar mark of respect was paid to Hyder
Khan when he came down two years ago to sigi
the treaty, and the officers of the escort, as one of
them described to me the other day, were interested
and excited by their ride into the jaws of the ter-
rible defile. On the 3d, as I read in Delhi Gazette,
the meeting took place. An imposing force of two
troops of horse artillery, two field batteries, and a
mountain-train, four regiments of cavalry, and six
of infantry, three of them English, formed a lane
from Jamrood to Sir John Lawrence's Dubar tent.
military
osidlietthasera
ayAioffuffigticaiarnsh caaill,v
advancedoa cf atd etpaoomon
ire
ae
et down the lane Col..
Edwardes, Commissioner of Peshawur, and the
()Mimes troublesome chief of the'
wizened,the buttio n t the powerful
naplaaiiin,lywoait.tniraeididin
of his very best behaviour. Behind
a fine black. This was the Aawml tehe'rch himsho° fgbaea;'allrpclaelaldryoeedlAdd,
oniAsiitnitsdsheada nownd
likeness of the Dost, taken in 1841, may be Cabul.in
Sir A. Burne's Cabtcl. It is from a drawing seenby a
Bengal officer, and is pronounced by Sir Alexander
to be an excellent likeness. In his train was seen a
litter slungbetween two ponies, in which was carried
a notable prisoner of the Dost's, not to be trusted out
of his presence, the ex-King of Balkh. Arrived as
the DurbaX teat, Dot Malicwilica wafis received with

a Royal salute, and the troops formed in column
and marched past in review. Sir John and he then
proceeded to open the conferences but our news
only coming down to the day after the meeting we
as yet know nothing of what has passed at them.
It may be.easy to guess what the chief will ask for
—it is less so to know how much the comthissioner
is empowered to grant. But if an advance through
.
the passes is decided on,' it must "soon be -known"
here. Of Herat we only hear from Cabul, whither
the information was sent by. Hyder Khan at Can-
dahar, that the Persians are busy strengthening
the defences, -mounting fresh guns, and laying in
,
large stores with a view to further advance into
Affghanistan. In the direction of the Bolan Pass,
or Southern Affghanistan we learn that a portion
of the money and ammunition sent to the Ameor
by that route had reached Quettalh And of the
Khan of Khelat it was reported at Shikarpoor that
he had told the English that he was both willing
and able to thfend the Bolan against any attempt
of the Persians to penetrate it. This. answer it is
quite possible he may really have given
to Captain
Green, who, as I have before mentioned, was lately
despatched to him on a political errand, and who,
with his mission, as we. may presume, fulfilled, is
now on his way down from Kurrachee to join his
own regiment,
the Ist Scindellorse.
The principalitem of news front Madras. is. the
death of Mr. Bushby, the resident at Hyderabad,.
an able officer in a difficult and important situation.
He was seized with an apoplectic& onthe eveningof the 29th of December, and expired the next morn-
ing. It is not yet known whom the Government
of India will appoint as his successor, thdugh the
names of several leading Bengal-civilians are men-
tioned. In the gLeanAjaie. gr. Thornhill, Mr.
Bushby'sfirlat4ssititaiftriviiir towsgary,c,44ae 4:2f
the Residen4.''Cfoincident with the death o r
Resident we hear of the adoption of a measure
which in all probability is partly due to his enlight-
ens I counsels. Salah Jung, the Nizam's Minister,
and a great friend of Mr. liushby, has succeeded in
obtaiiing his master's sanction to the abolition of
slavery throughout his dominions.
Dr. Straker, C. 8., Physician-General to the
Bombay army, died this morning. The deceased
33 yews in .the
oslciecre,,w.sherovhedadthbeeesnikhuplvards of
campaign of 1848-9 as su-
perintending surgeon of the Bombay column of the
army, and was present at MOoltan and Gujerat.
Trade in the import market is improved and
active ' • in the export market transactions are
limited. Freights have declined considerably, and
are quoted to-day at 21. 10s. to 2/. 12s. 6d. per ton
to England. In the money market there is no
change. Exchange on London, 2s. 2id.

CALCUTTA, JAN. 8.
A few troops are, after all, to be despatched
from this country to China. A_ European regiment
has been ordered down from Dinapore ; a native
infantry regiment will be sent from Singapore ; and
the Ceylon Rifles are already on their way. This
force will probably be increased. The total de-
struction of Canton, which had commenced when
our last letters left China, will render tie quarrel
have to contend
force whichß the
will
eMaindarins can raise in
internecine.
all
the Sir J.
the southern provinces, and it is difficult to imagine
whence forces can be obtained except from India.
At the same time a large force is collecting at Um-
hallah, ostensibly to form a camp of exercise, but
largerill cywhich
force is
may
areally
et oyobnedptrheep a
frreodnftoi
er
ra. nyAe mset en
said to be required for Persia, and the Government
is almost at its wits' end for troops. I must again
point to the danger which these simultaneous de-
mands involve. The Government has never at any
time more than three disposable European regi-
ments in the whole empire. Every other regiment
moved leaves some province without Europeans,
and consequently without any force to control the
Sepoys, or meet a danger to which they are inade-
quate. It is true we can recruit our native ranks
as easily as ever—could add. 50,000 Sikhs to the
regular army in six months, But they cannot be
disciplined without officers; they cannot be sent
into action without Europeans to support them,
and there are neither Europeans nor officers to
spare in the country. This is no exaggerated re-
presentation. It is a pressing and imminent dan-
ger. Even the Government of India, strong as it
really is within the country, cannot maintainjthree
foreign wars at once without some addition to the
army. If the _English Government will not allow
us more regiments, it will have to provide when
it is too late against the consequences of its own
indifference.

After the death of Yar Mahomed of Herat his
son became so unpopular that the sons of Shah
Kamram, the ruler whose place Yar Mahomed had
usurped, began to entertain new hopes. Tbey were
living in Teheran, and, aided by a small Persian
force, they contrived to obtain possession of Herat.
This event, which occurred in Nov., 1855, was the
origin of the first story that Herat had fallen. The
Persians, a 3 you may remember, declared that the
transaction was merely a quarrel between Affghan
clans. In June, 1856, Esan Khan, General of the
Heratee troops and the recognised leader of the
Soonies, contrived by stratagem to expel the new
ruler and his allies. He predicted art oneute in
the city. The Persians, who were probably not
above 2,000 in number, encamped outside, taking
with then the puppet they had set up. Esan Khan
immediately shut the gates, and from that time to
his surrender exercised uncontrolled power in
Herat. The Persians, finding themselves tricked,
sent for reinforcements, and laid regular siege to
the town. Esan Khan seems to have held out
with sufficient courage. He wrote, however, in
vain to Dost Mahomed, who had undertaken more
than his strength warranted in Candahar. His
provisions, and perhaps his money, began to fall
short. He owed no allegiance to anybody, and at
last he offered to surrender if his life were spared.
Shahzadeh in command not only promised life, but
a permanent possession of Herat as a vassal and a
sum of money. He accordingly surrendered the
city on the 23d Oct. The money was paid, but the
Persian general, on entering the city, picked a
quarrel with the Khan, and placed him in confine-
mant. A force was then despatched in the direction
of Candahar, the latest movement of which we
have authentic intelligence. It will be observed
.gusedi Mahomed,
from this brief statement that Esan Khan was
not what would be called in Europe a traitor ;
he fought for his own hand, as most soldiers do in
the East, owing
conquered whom
Herat
apparently
if so any body, to the
Ameer
u Dostnds y
to assist ; also, that the Persians have in this in-
stance them-
selves, and not as the allies
of an Affghan
pretender.

(From the Calcutta Gazette Extraordinary.)
NOTIFICATION.

Fort William, Foreign Department, Jan. 5.
The Right Hon. the Governor-General of India in
Council has much gratification in publishing, for general
information, the despatches which have been received by
the Government of Bombay, announcing the unreaisted
occupation of Karrack on the 4th, and the surrender of
Bushire on the 10th ult., after an ineffectual opposition.
The Right Hon. the Governor-General in Council
desires to express his unqualified approbation of this
important service, and his gratitude to those by whose
joint exertions it has been accomplished.
Tne perfect concert and good feeling which have
marked the action of the military and naval forces ; the
intrepidity with which the attack both by sea and land
was conducted ; and the cheerfulness with which hard-
ships, inseparable from the disembarcation of troops on
an enemy's shore, have been endured—claim alike the
admiratien and the cordial acknowledgments of the
Government of India.
The Right Hon. the Governor-General in Council has
much satisfaction in publicly recording his obligations to
Major-General Stalker, C. 8., and to Rear-Admiral Sir
H. Leeke, K.II. R.N., for the skill and the energy
which have guided their operations, and in tendering to
them, as well as to the officers and men under their
command, his warmest thanks for the complete success
ped it ionary
in which these operations have resulted.
To Commander Jones, political agent with the field
force,
usefulwho to the
selocalknlrajolerdge and experience were emi-
nently-General commanding the ex-
force, and who, after the occupation of the
city, used his best exertions to reassure the town people,
to provide for the subsistence and comfort of the troops,
and to secure the public safety, the Right
Governor-General in Council desires to give the assur-
ance of his entire approbation.
While thus congratulating the military and naval
forces on the important result which has been achieved,
the Right Hon. the Governor-General in Council laments
to know that it has been purchased with the sacrifice of
valuable lives. He deplores the loss of Brigadier stop-
ford and Lieutenant-Colonel Malet, who nobly perished
while leading their men to the attack, and of Lieuten-
ants Utter Eon and Warren, who subsequently died of
wounds received in the performance of their duty..
The Right Hon. the Governor-General in Council is
pleased to direct that a Royal salute shall be fired from
the ramparts of Fort William and at every principal
military station in honour of the signal success which
has attended the first operations of the British forces on
the coast of Persia.
By order of the Right Hon. the Governor-General of
India in Council.

G. F. EDMONSTONE,
Secretary to the Government of India,

It is understood hero that 5,000 men aro imme-
diately to )?0 Cief4p4tch9d to BUhhires It is repoxte4

that 15,000 more will follow as fast as they can be '
collected ; but this is not quite so certain. The
extraordinary order given to Sir James Outran
to levy troops in Persia itself is considered true,
and is generally supposed to indicate a deter-
mination to annex. The secrets of the Foreign
Department are, however, so closely kept that
there is little currant beyond surmises. One fact,
however,_is admitted. The Persian expedition is
not a demonstration, but the most serious war in
which the -Government has been- engaged for the
last six years.
The Penal Cdde has been read a second time. It
tlaw, banuttiathlleyremwacaillulabye,slcitotlee
rfeulrtisheedr, daenldayp.
must be published three months before it becomes
subs
erhlatpiss
amended, but not increased or altered in outline.
It contains 20 chapters, each subdivided into sec-
tions.. Each section contains the general definition
of some crime, then a particular definition, then a
list of exceptions, and then certain imaginary illus-
trations, which are to serve as precedents. It is very
short, and certainly simplifies the existing law to
an astonishing degree. The Friend of India de-
clares that on the four great Indian difficulties—
murder, perjury, dacoity affrays, and the right of
self-defence, it will be found an improvement on
the existing I,w. The code, however, introdudA
but few new principles. The most notable of these
are, first, in the law- of affrays. Affrays in this
country somewhat resemble what in Ireland are
called faction fights. The law is so-weak, and the
courts so dilatory, that a landholder who thinks he
has a right to a bazaar sends armed retainers to
take it ; his rival defends it with his armed retain-
ers, and a dozen lives are frequently lost. There is
a class of men, amounting to many thousands, who
live by hiring themselves, out for these fights. It
44-Tfie-tve-to punish_ thenianr„,evidwke is never pro-
eurab'e, and no money is sparefrili'llfeiedefencii':
The Code, therefore, provides that the landlord
who seeks or accepts any advantage fromsuch a fight
shall be liable to an unlimited fine. Tho clubman,
moreover, may be imprisoned simply for engaging
himself as such. The regulation is too weak for
the evil, which can only be suppressed by an
act rendering the carrying of lethal weapons, or
iron-bound clubs, a penal offence. 2. In the law
of perjury. Any man bearing false witness against
another, with the view to convict him of a crime,
will receive the punishment his victim would have
received if the charge had been true. The punish-
ment, however, is not to exceed seven years' trans-
portation. Perjury, of course, is equally a crime
in all cases, but the rule strikes a native as the per-
fection of justice. 3. In the law of marriage. The
Legislature has made adultery a penal offence.
The natives have long complained of our remissness
in this respect. We punish them for killing a
rival, and refuse to punish him ourselves. Accord-
ing to the Koran death is the penalty of adultery,
and the principles of the Koran permeate all mo-
dern Hindooism. In the Punjab Mr. Temple was
compelled to insert a clause in his code indicting
two years' imprisonment on the adulterer, or the
population would have taken the law into their own
hands. This penalty, increased, it is said, to five
years, is now to be the law of the land.

CHINA.
HONGKONG, DEC. 30, 1856.

The London mail of the 10th of November ar-
rived here per steamer Madras on the 24th instant.
The steamer Formosa leaves to-day, carrying a mail
to meet the semi-monthly Calcutta steamer at Galle.
The Madras will carry the outward mail of the 15th
of January.
-At Canton the foreign factories have been burnt
to the ground. The fire commenced about 11 p.m.
on the 14th inst., and, although every effort was
made to arrest the flames, it proved utterly useless,
and all the houses were destroyed, with one excep-
tion, which has since been gutted by the Chinese.
It was the result of a well planned and executed
scheme on the part of the Chinese. The fire broke
out simultaneously at different points, and was
aided by combustibles, fire balls and rockets,
thrown from the suburbs. Many Chinese houses
were also burnt.

Mr. 0. T. Lane, of the British Consulate, was
killed by the falling of a wall during the conflagra-
tion.

No attack was made by the Chinese, who appear
to have been quite content with burning the houses.
by which act they themselves will be the eventual
loeere. Most of the houses were vse2nt, but muoh
valuable property has nevertheless been destroyed.
Our marines and bluejackets exerted themselves
•to the utmost in saving property ; but the spread
of the flames was so rapid that little could be
brought away. Shot and shell were thrown from
the Dutch Folly during the fire, in order to pre-
vent large bodies of the Chinese assembling near
the scene.
Two companies of her Majesty's 59th Regiment
were present, and they ara now strongly intrenched.
in the garden. The clubhouse and church, being
detached from the factories, remain intact, and are
excellent quarters for the troops.
Our fleet holds the river as before, and Admiral
Seymour has hoisted his flagon board her Majesty's
steamer Niger, at anchor off the gardens. Our
position is therefore stronger than before the fire.
No active measures of reprisal have yet been un-
dertaken, the admiral being apparently determined
to wait until troops arrive and enable him to com-
mence operations with vigour.
One of the small postal steamers was attacked be-
tween Canton and the Bogue on the night of the
22d inst. by a large fleet of mandarin junks, and
had a narrow escape from capture. The pilot and
on& of the crew were killed, and two others
wounded. A lorcha which she was towing had to be
cast off, and was captured, proving a rich prize, as
she was laden with goods and valuables, removed
from the Canton warehouses at much risk and ex-
pense. Before being cast off her crew were taken on
board the steamer. The junks then retired up the
shallow creeks with which the country is intersected,
and where the draught of water is too small for our
men-of-war. Gunboats are very much required.
Mr. Cowper, sen., a British subject, father of the
enterprising owner of the Whampoa Docks, has
boon kidnapped, and no trace of him has yet been
obtained.

Some attempts have been made to injure our
ships-of-war by sending down cm them boats filled
with gunpowder, but no harm has as yet been done.
Some rebel hands have lately taken possession of
a large village near Whampoa, which was their
head-quarters in 1854. Although calling them-
selves rebels, they are mere banditti, and their ob-
ject is plunder. They have been warned against
interfering.
At Hong Kong there have been no disturbances,
and measures have been taken for the public safety.
The police force has been augmented, and a picket
of the 59th Regiment is stationed nightly near the
Chinese quarter. All Chinese are required t 3 carry
a lanthern after dark, and between 10 p.m. and
daylight none are allowed to move about without a
pass. To the respectable portion this is no hard-
ship, and they are quite alive to the benefit they
derive from protective measures.
The foreign residents are to be sworn in to-day as
special constables, and a fire-brigade is to be organ-
ised from among them.
The following circular letter from the United
States' Commissioner explains the present position
and attitude of the Americans here. It clearly
points to ulterior coercive measures, and it is very
desirable that the great foreign Powers should act
in concert when arranging future relations with
China :
TO THE MERCHANTS AND OTHER CFI:URNS OF THE UNITED
STATES.
Legation of the United States, Macao,
Dec. 27, 1856.
His Excellency Peter Parker, Commissioner of the
United States of America to China, itite., referring to the
notice of the 9th inst., hereby makes known that the re•
ply of the Imperial Commissioner to his Excellency's
despatch of that date was received last evening, and
that, with the semblance of a desire to maintain friendly
relations between the two countries, the ) same disposition
to evade obligation, misrepresent facts.„ and erroneously
interpret treaty stipulations which -for years has cha-
racterised the correspondences of Imps vial Commissioners
still obtains with his Excellency Yet') ; the resumption
of trade to any extent at the port of (:ant= during the
existence of the local hostilities is not t .ncouraged by the
tenour of the communication now reet ived, and'means
more ample than those now at command will be required
to meet • the emergency of the public i. 'iterests of the
United States in China, and the satisfactt ,ry and proper
adjustment of the relation of the Five Poe is is an event
yet future.—By order.
S. WELLS WILLIAMS,
secretary of the United States' American, Legation.
The Viceroy Yeh has shown no desire to arrange
matters ; indeed it is said that his po vier is now
overruled by the train bands brought in from the
country for the defence of the city.
Many rumours are in circulation ; the 011 V one
I think worthy of mention is a report in tl 10 2 orth
China Herald that a High Commissioner I 'leaks been
appointed by the Emperor to proceed to Canton
and arrange matters to the satisfaction of the,
British, even if the concession of all their d orrattda
should be necessary.
Trade remains entirely suspended.
gxehange here on 140.c10n, 4s, Bid to &
;4,

on Bombay, 215 rs. to 216 rs. Very little doing.
Freights quite nominal The Herculean and Wa-
Eoola, from Liverpool, are our only arrivals.
At Amoy some alarm has been occasioned by
powerful pirate fleets cruising in the neighbour-
hood. Her Majesty's steamer Sampson has gone
up the coast in consequence. The Chinese soldiery
had become mutinou., their pay and rations being
in arrears, but the mandarins having satisfied their
demands they returned to their duty. Markets
for imports were over-stocked. The inquiry was
moderate, and prices declining.
Foochow advices are to the 10th inst. Tran-
quillity prevailed. In tea there was no change.
Shanghai letters are to the 23d inst. All re.
mained•quiet, and no apprehension was felt.
Shirtngs had been sold to a moderate extent.
In silk a fair business had been done. Arrivals
are 70,000 bales ; settlements, 66,000 bales, leav-
ing 4,000 bales on the market. No 3 Tsatlee3 are
quoted $345 to $350 ; Taysaanas' middling to fair,
$260 to $265 ; inferior, $230 to $235 ; China
throwns, $355 ; for other kinds we have no quota-
tion.

In tea there is no change to notice. Dealers ask
extreme rates. Three vessels had sailed for Lon-
don.

Exchanges ruled very irregularly from the want
of any fixed standard. Bills on England at six
months had been done at 6s. &1., against Canton
sycee at IRO per 100 .taels ; on India, 308 rs. to
3lOrs. against sycee at 110 dols ; and 304r5., against
English bills at Gs. Bd. Draughts on Hong Kong
nominal at 30 per anat. discount. ; Mexican dols.,
25 to 27 discount ; gold taels 156 per bar. Freights
unchanged.
The export of tea from China to Great Britain
has continued on a very limited scale since the de-
parture of last mail.
`Our latest dates are—From.Ensla.nd, Nov: 10 ;
bpeoaeca er:iinitet7,a'; Oct. MNov.a2ll2;a,l rhpallei-ciog.mh9abit!Sidpcn.:l39. IN*
;oSiDga3v.
3 ;

COMMERCIAL INTELLIGENCE.
REPORT ON THE STATE OF THE BOMBAY MARKET FROM
THE 3D TO THE 15TH JAN., 1857.

The Overland Mail from London of the 10th of Dec.
reached Bombay about 6 o'clock in the afternoon of
Sunday, the 11th inst., per Peninsular and Oriental Com-
pany's steamer Ganges.
The tightness in the money market reported in our last
has increased during the past fortnight, and the banks
have again raised their rates cf discount 1 per cent. all
round, and these rule now from 8 to 10 per cent.
The Bank of Bombay have declared a dividend at the
rate of 8 per cent. per annum for the part half-year.
Securities of all descriptions are fiat and dull of sale.
IMPORTS.

A very favourable change to a considerable extent is
perceptible in our import market, both in grey goods and
yarns ; stocks seem to have been reduced, and dealers
seem to be making purchases at advanced prices. Teo
business transacted during the past fortnight might be
said to have been to a considerable extent. Grey shirtings
up to 71b. are in good inquiry, 611 b. to 71b. are scarce
and in great demand at advanced rates. Grey long cloths
are not inquired for, but are steady at last quotations.
Grey domestics are in good demanJ. Grey T-cloths are in
good inquiry at a slightly advanced rate. Grey jaconets
and Madapollams have advanced one anna, and are in
moderate inquiry.
Bleached and Fancy Goods.—These goods, of certain
descriptions, have also participated in the advance in
value to be noticed in the grey goods.
Cochineal. —The market is firm, and the ruling quota-
tion is 2r. 4 an. _

Spirits.—Brandy, 1,550 dozens at 11r. per doz., 500
dozen at 12r. ; 700 Wads. of brandy at 22r. per gallon.
EXPORTS.
Cotton Wool.—After the departure of the last mail
this staple declined in price, but since the arrival of the
Overland Mail of the 11th of Jan. it has again come up
to our last quotations. We quote Broach at 120. Dhol•
lera at 117 r., and Oomrawnttee at 114 r. per can‘
Pepper.—The market in this article is firm. We quote
Bhutcole at 93r. ; of Malabar there is no stock available
in the market.
Remp.—The following are the quotations :—Calicut,
42r. to 45r. ; Concan, 37r. to 33r. ; and Ghatee, 30r. to
31r. per candy.
Oil Seeds.—Linseed is in good inquiry at 4r. lla., and
rapeseed is also in fair demand at 4r. 13a.
Coffee.—The stocks have been taken up, and we quote
Mocha at 101 r., and Malabar at 7ir.
Opium.—The demand for the article has lessened, and
our present quotation is 990 r. per chest. The Rajah of
Cochin takekabout 1,281 chests on board.
Tonnage.—The rates of freight have declined to 2/.
10s. to 2/. 12s. 6d. for London and Liverpool, at which
the quotations continue steady.
Exchange.—Previous to the arrival of the English
mail first-class paper sold for 2s. 21d., subsequently 2e.
24d. was submitted to, while local bills and documents
sold at 2s. 2ad. to 2s. Iffd.
Court bills on Calcutta, 60 days' sight, 93Z.

Madras, 30 days' sight, 98/.
China, 60 days' sight, 212, nominal.

THE CALCUTTA MARKET, JAN. 8.

Since our last issue under date the 22d nit. we have
been in receipt of the London mail of 26th Nov. last.
The first intelligence reached us on the 23d ult, by elec-
tric telegraph from Bombay. On the 31st the Bombay
dak put us in possession of a portion of the mails, and on
the 2d inst. the Peninsular and Oriental Company's
steamship Bentinck delivered her packets. The nature
of the advices from England, so far as they relate to the
state of the market for Indian produce, being more fa-
vourable, greater activity has prevailed in our produce
market during the past fortnight, and enhanced prices
have been paid for some of our staple articles, although
but for the limited supplies operations would have been
on a larger scale.
Mr. Lindsay's screw steamer Tynemouth arrived here
via the Cape on the sth inst., after a passage of four
months. The cause of the delay has not been explained.
We have also heard of the arrival at Madras of the
steamer Robert Lowe, belonging to the same owner, and
she may therefore be looked for here daily.
In indigo we have had less competition, and the public
sales show a slight decline in prices. Very little has been
done in sugar for want of supplies, and a further advance
has taken place in value. Operations in rice have con-
tinued on a large scale at advancing figures. An excellent
demand has prevailed for saltpetre, at steady figures.
Little doing in raw silk, but silk piece goods are in a
better position. Jute had been in very active request
at considerably higher prices, but buyers have been less
sanguine the last few days. Oil seeds command fair at-
tention, but the market is rather easier. No alteration
in lac dye or shell lac. A. better inquiry has prevailed
for castor oil.
We regret to report a less favourable state of affairs as
regards our import market, which has continued very in-
active since the despatch of the last mail. In British cot-
ton piece goods and mule twist transactions have been
limited, as the season for large purchases has already
passes, and the accumulation of stocks in the upper and
north-western provinces prevents dealers from operating..
Gray ahirtings have been selling to a moderate extent at
unaltered prices. Little doing in white, and figured
shirtinge have been in less demand and value lower.
Grey 11adapollams command fair attention at previous
prices. In Turkey red goods a slight improvement has
taken place. Prints and chintzes not much wanted.
The market for mule twist remains depressed, and sales
very incmisiderable. Metals have ennthmod without
animation, and in some instances lower figures have been
accepted.
Money Market„—The symptoms of money becoming
less abundant are gradually gaining ground, though dur-
ing the week under review our market has not become
tighter. In the Bazaar capitalists are looking out for
higher rates of interest. The Bank of Bengal on the
24th ult, raised its rates of interest and discount 1 per
cent. all round. Its rates are at present 6 per cent. on
loans secured by deposit of Company's papers, sad 7 per
cent. for discounting private paper. Advances on de-
posit of opium papers are still being made in the Bazaar
at 8 per cent per annum, and it is very probable that
higher rates will be paid after the next opium sale. We
insert below the usual statement of liabilities and assets
of the Bank of Bengal for the week ending on the 31st
nit., which, as compared with the statement of the 17th
ult., given in our last, s hows a decrease in the amounomt of
cash from Company's rupees 129,03,258-7-6 to C.
pany's rupees 1,08,12,357.10.1
LIABILITIES.

Exchange on London.—Our market continued
-for some days, first-class credits having been place&
2s. 2id., and documents at 2s. 2d. per rupee. Som
eiz months' sight bills received from China by the Fiery
Cross were likewise sold at 2s. 2id., and a small amoutt
of bank bills at 2s. 2 5-16 d., but the last two days our
rates have bad a downward tendency, with sales of -
credits 'at 2s. 21d.. and of some local bank bills -at 2s!
21d. These might be considered the closing quotations.
Treasury and post bi,l3 are quoted at 29. 10. = Ti 4
transactions, on the whole, have not been very large. Freighte.—Cn the day-the last mail closed large et.7'
gagements for Great Britain took place, but since then
we have had less animation, in consequence of the ad-
vancing prices of produce in our market. Our rates have
ruled almost the same as at the date of our last, although
in certain instances large reductions were acceded to by
ships on the point of completing their loading and clear.
ing from the Custom-house. The engagements during
the last week have been rather few ; but with the com-
mencement of the year we have reason to believe an im.
proved aspect of affairs will be witnessed, and we hope to
see our anticipations realised. In charters, also, business
has been to &limited extent. For Mauritius, China, and th e
Australian colonies wa have had a fair amount of trans..
actions. For America advanced rates have been paid,
and
For
s 3 h
n t
andr h
e has
s t rwe toarillde d
w"
e duringha ve thenot pasthad week.much
tin
sent and next month arrivals of ships are expected to be
large, but the demand for tonnage for various quarters
doing,aoe es parts
ratesf been
th "
remain unaltered. During the pre.
might prove adequate at this season of the year, and
rates.
thus tend to maintain, if not to enhance, the existing

SHIPPING INTELLIGENCE. --
CALCUTTA.
Arrivals at Kedgeree.—Dec. 24—The barque Gran-
ville, Baker, from China ; ship Corremulzie, 13Iacklock,
from Port Philip ; ship John Temperley, Smith, from
Port Philip. 25 - The ship Rodney, Bisset, from Hong
Song • ship Atiet Rohoman, Holland, from Mauritius.
26--The ship Arratoon Apcar, Smidt, from China ;
ship Merchantman, Brown, from London ; steamer Fire
Queen, Burbank, from Rangoon and Akyab. 28—The
barque Atalanta, Belle, from Moulmein ; brig Marie
Angelique, Barna, from Pondicherry. 29—The Match-
less, Hubbard, from New York. 30—The steam ship
Fiery Cress, White, from Hong Kong ; barque Eliza-
beth,
Adams, from Madras. 31--The brig Drover,
G-allois, from Melbourne ; barque Valliant, Got, from
Mauritius. Jan. 1-,-The brig Capibaribe, Lapen, from
Biailipatam. 2—The steam ship Bentinek, Caldbeok,
from Suer., Aden, *Gafie, and Madras ; ship Mercary,,,
Peclrick, from Antsferp. s—The - ahfp Marlborough, • ---
Fulchsr, from Portsmouth;- oolmorrer,./Tat.im-rojong, Re;
bertson, from Akyab ' • steam .ship Tyrienaouth, Softies,
from Dartmouth and Madras ; ship Antarctic,
lan, from Melbourne ; ship Mayaraui Dayaratn, Brady,
from Mauritius. -

. .
Departures from Saugor.—Dec. 20—The ship Henry
Moore, 'Stewart, for London. 22—The barque Diana,
Garner, for Singapore ' • brig Gold Digger, Barber, for
Singapore ; ship Horsburgh, Snow, for Boston ; ship
Junna' Barney, for Boston ; ship Nasser Muejeed,
Nacoda, for Bombay ; barque William Grilles, Wilson,
for London. The steam ship Lancefield, Oliver, for
Straits and China ; ship Northumbrian, Smith, for Lon-
don ' • ship St. Louis, Davis, for London. 24—The
ship Cornelia Smidt, Ruhoak, for China; ship Buena
Vesta, for Boston ; ship Forfarshire, Short, for Bombay;
ship Walpole, Woodberry, for Boston ; ship Ashburton,
Walton, for Boston ; ship Boston Light, Crowell, for
Akyab. 25—The steam ship Alma, Paterson, for Suez.
27—The schooner John Hepburn, Fowler, for Rangoonc
ship Chilo,. Holtz, for New York; ship Junius, Means,
for London • barque L'Rocher de St. Malo, Honnies,
Bombay; ship Mariquita, Balniount, for Bordeaux;
ship Stephen Glover, Killun, for Bombay. 29—The
steam ship Bombay, for Straits and China; ship
Hazard, Lincoln, for Ceylon. 30—The ship Lincluden
Castle, Lellan, for Trinidad ; ship Navigateur, Lemesto
for Bombay; ship Rowena, Wilson, for Liverpool;
ship Sir George Seymour, Naylor' for Trinidad ; steamer
Tubal Cain, Hodge, for Rangoon. 31—The ship Rosa-
lute, M'Kenzie, for Cbina ; ship Shah Jehan, Betham,
for Bombay. Jan. I—The ship Flag of Truce, Day,
for VVhampoa ; ship Lise Emelie, Vertier, for Sydney.
2—The ship Runnymede, Burrows, for London. 3—,
The ship Octavia Dale, for London; ship, Gottfried,
Bollen, for Madras ; barque Argaun, Kirkwood, for
Liverpool • ship Day Dream' Youngerman, from Mel-
bourne. 4—The ship City ofDoblio, Dick, for London.