The Sun.
London, England, 1861-08-24 00:00:00

POLAND.

(From a Correspondent.)
WARSAW, AUG. 17.
The people's fete of last Monday presented a
great contrast to the Government fete of the Bth
inst. The printed handbill, which had been distri-
buted in the streets on this occasion, was as fol-

lows;—
" Brothers, and Fellow-countrymen !—On the

12th August, 1569, King Sigismund Augustus, at
Lublin, solemnly closed the day on which the union
of Poland with Lithuania was completed, and sealed

it by a free contract, exhorting both peoples to
brotherly love. Let us then, brothers and fellow-
countrymen, celebrate that glorious anniversary of
the fraternal union of our ancestors, and in our

churches raise up to God ardent prayers that he
may bind our torn fatherland in one whole, and
unite us all in spirit. Let us all, with our priests,

on this 12th of August acknowledge that we are
brothers of the one family, of the white eagle and
the armed knight (the Lithuanian arms). The
celebration of this union between the two peoples
should be solemn and quiet, and embrace the whole
of old Poland. On this day only, a day so highly
important in history, shall mourning be suspended."
The Cracow Czas publishes a curious document,
which is a ridiculous, and at the same time a melan-
choly, picture of the mean and petty tyranny of
the Government. It should be explained, for the
better understanding of this document, that both
in Poland and in Russia civil employes always ap-
pear in private dress except on festive occasions,
and that since the death of the Emperor Nicholas
those who wish it wear moustaches.
The following is the text of this despatch, ad-
dressed by the Lieutenant of the Kingdom to the
chief directors of all the government departments :
" Warsaw, July 30, 1861. No. 950.
" I have been informed that in many places in
the kingdom the effective employes, instead of as-
sisting the Government in preserving peace and
order, act in direct opposition to it, and, sympathis-
inV with the insurrectionary designs of the inhabi-
tants, give them the example of disobedience to the
arrangements made by the Government ; that a
great number of them, chiefly young men, do not
wear their official uniforms, but the Polish national
dress, with broad belts, red handkerchiefs round
their necks instead of stocks, attached with pins
with a white eagle on them, Polish caps, and that
they show themselves in this dress both in the
street and in their offices ; also that some of them
wear moustaches, imperials, and even beards. All
this is done to express their to the Govern-
ment, and can no longer be allowed. I therefore
request that you will give particular attention to
the conduct of the officials under you, and take
steps to prevent any of the above disorders in future.
Should any official after the publication by you of
your regulations in this respect venture to come to
his office in any but the official dress, or have been
seen in the street in a dress unsuitable to his
position, he is to be dismissed the service as a
warning to others, for he thereby shows that he
does not deserve the confidence of the Govern-
ment, and disregards its regulations. It cannot
tolerate insubordination from any quarter, and still
less from its own officials, such conduct on their
part tending to keeping up a disorderly spirit in
the country. You will be good enough to acquaint
me of your regulations on this point, and in future
report to me any official who does not conform to
them, or do anything to show ill will towards the
Government, as also the names of those who in
accordance with these instructions, will be dismissed
the service.

(Signed) " SUCHOZANET."
Another edict of the Lieutenant of the Kingdom
which has been lately issued is still more impor-
tant, as showing the result, of the promises of the
Emperor. It gives almost unlimited powers to the
military commandants in the various Polish dis-
tricts. Among other privileges, they are authorized
to arrest, not only those who are accused of designs
against the Government by sworn witnesses, but
also those, the clergy included, of whose ill will to
the Government they are morally convinces) ! The
investigations is to be conducted on the spot, and
its result reported to the Viceroy, who will try the
accused by a military tribunal under military law.
All this is, of course, in direct contradiction to the
Polish criminal code and the promises of the Em-
peror and Marquis Wiolorolski that such code
would be strictly followed. The consequence of
the new system may be seen any evening at mid-
night on the road to the Vistula, by which pass,
almost daily, postchaises guarded by gendarmes,
with fresh victims for Siberia, or the Russian
fortresses.

----
ATTE..IIPT ON GARIBALDI AT

CAPI?ERA.

The following letter, addressed by Garibaldi's
aide de-camp, Vecchi (now residing with hlm at
Caprera), to the Movimento, of Genoa, gives a cor-
rect account of the recent incidents on the island,

o which repeated reference has been made in vari-

ous journals:--
Last night there arrived here three dragoons ;
they had heard that two men of suspicious appear-
ance had lauded in Caprera. The report appeared
to us a mere absurdity ; they took leave of us and
we went to supper. Stagneti and I walked up and
down, smoking all the while, till 11 o'clock, and then
we went to bed. About 3 o'clock in the morning I
heard the dogs barking, and bounding out of the en-
closure. Soon after I fell asleep again. At 5 I got up
and saw the gendarmes, who told me what had hap-
pened in the night. After we had gone to supper they
patrolled about the reeks surrounding our little
square, and then stretched themselves out at a short
distance from each other. At three o'clock they
heard some footsteps, and in the dark contrived to
descry two men passing before them at the dis-
tance of a pistol shot. The corporal cried out " Who
goes
there ?" He was answered by a shot. Then
the three dragoons ran after the men the corporal
still shouting out, " Stop, in the King's name !"
He was assailed with the foulest epithets. The
dragoons fired again, and heard one of the rascals
crying out " Madonna !" and then both ran off as
fast as they could. On re thing the spot where
the villains had just been, they found that the
bullets had lodged in the rock, that there were
three impressions of bloody hands on the granite,
on the ground a small pool of blood ; further on
other traces of blood on the road, a cotton hand-
kerchief all stained with blood, and a powder
flask.
When the Sardinians are wounded, it is their
custom to cry out, " Gesu, Maria, Giuseppe 1" The
gendarmes therefore concluded that the two meat
were not bandits from the island of Sardinia, but
foreign assassins.
After the General had taken his vapour bath
we informed him of what had happened. With
his customary indifference he said that yesterday,
whilst looking out at the window, before taking
his walk with me, he had observed two men, un-
known to him, lambering across the rocks. He
spoke with the dragoons, and tried to persuade them
that the whole thing was a mistake, in order that
they might not alarm the inhabitants of the neigh-
bouring island of Maddalena. Then he went with
Carpeneto to look at a vineyard at some distance.
But the dragoons, by the reports which they had
made to the authorities, had alarmed the whole
country. The story, as it passed from mouth to
mouth, became, of course, more marvellous. The
women were shouting front the windows that the
general was killed, and all were rushing to the
harbour and jumping into the boats. The women
stopped at La Moneta ; I but all the persons of
consequence in Maddalena (with the exception
of the curate)—the gendarmes, the marina
sharpshooters, the custom-house officers, in
short, the citizens of all classes, even the
children, landed in arms and came throng-
ing up to our little square at Caprera.
was reminded of the esplanade of the palace of
Caserta, when we had the honour to protect there
the unity of our country. Some of the patrolling
parties had taken the mountain road on the oppo-
site of the island. All seemed animated by a com-
mon thought, the resolution to protect the noblest
of lives—the life so necessary for the welfare of
Italy.
Two government gun-brigs at the same time kept
cruising round the islaud. One of them reports
that it saw a boat set sail from Giglio, taking the
direction of Cape Ferro. Orders have been sent to
ascertain what persons may have landed there—
nothing more. I wrote this merely that you may
know the truth about what has happened.
C. A. VECCIII.