The Sun.
London, England, 1857-07-29 00:00:00

rIIK SUN, LONDON, WEDNVSDAY EVENING, JULY

ing others; and that, in fact, they_ were guilty
of conduct just as bad as that of the man who plays
with marked cards, and has the opportunity
reading his adversaries' hand while they are play-
ing on apparently equal terms. Care should for.
the future be taken to prevent so gross an abuse
of telegraphic facilities, so as to admit of all
parties dealing on the square in their Stock Ex-
change operations.
The news from India is of a neutral character
—neither good nor very bad. It announces that
the mutiny had continued to spread amongst the
troops of the Bengal army—that Delhi still con•

tinned in the bands of the insurgents—that the
ex-King of °UDE and his Minister had been ar-
rested and imprisoned at Fort William, the Go-
vernment havihg obtained proof of their com-
plicity in the conspiracy—and that, at Calcutta,
business both in imports and exports was almost
at a stand still. The native troops at Calcutta
and Barrackpore had also been disarmed, a clear
proof that disaffection was at least suspected to be
prevalent in their ranks. This may be consi-
dered the unfavourable Ile of the balance-sheet.
On the other hand General BARNARD had suc-
ceeded in repulsing several sorties from Delhi,
with heavy loss to the insurgents holding the
command of the open country, with the small
number of troops at his disposal, and only await-
ed the arrival of reinforcements to proceed more
actively against the rebels and the puppet King
that they have set up. Another important feature
in the case was that the native population did not
appear to take part with the mutineers. Hitherto,
at least, the disturbance has been confined to the
Sepoys, save so far as the King of DUDE may have
compromised himself.
On Monday evening Mr. DISRAELI stated that
there were no less than 70,000 men from Oude
in the Bengal army. It may, then, have been
that the deposition of that Monarch, and the
annexation of his kingdom was the chief cause
that precipitated the outbreak. If this be the
case, it is of the utmost importance that he him-
self, as well as his Miuiater, should be in the hands
of the Company, and in a place of unquestionable
security. That simple fact would go far to
annihilate the hopes of the insurgents, and bring
them to reason when they were made aware that
they could not possibly carry out their intention
of replacing him on the Musnud, and holding
Oude as an independent kingdom in opposition to
the British power.

Again, we are told, that the native troops at
Calcutta and Barrackpore had been quietly
disarmed. There was no resistance made—no
attempt to emulate the atrocities of the miscreants
at Meerut and Delhi. They are not with us, but
through the salutary precautions adopted, they

cannot be against us.

Their neutrality, at al'

events, is ensured. At Madras an uneasy feeling
was said to prevail, but, fortunately, the native
troop., both of Madras and Bombay, had not ex-
hibited the slightest sign of disaffection.
The only other point worthy of notice is, that
"an act had been passed by the Legislature plac-

ing the Indian press under a license system.°

We confess that this carries with it an ominous
appearance. We cannot conceive that, save under
extreme circumstances, any effort would be made
to fetter the liberty of journalism. Our informa-
tion
on this point is, however, of the most meagre
description, aud, as we shall have more complete
accounts within a very few days we must bide our
time, as patiently as we can, before we cast fully
consider the present state and prospects of the
Indian Empire. As we have shown, good aud
bad are largely mingled. Perhaps, on the whole,
the best opinion that can at present be given is,
that matters are not byany means worse than might
have been anticipated. There must be a severe
struggle, but with the additional means that will

speedily be at the disposal of the authorities we

have no doubt that au eventual triumph will add
additional honour to the British arms. Delays
in such a case are dangerous, and every
hour increases the risk ; but there has been
no success, however temporary, on the part
of the insurgents. They are still locked up
within the walls of the city of which they first
took possessioc, and do not dare to take the open
field against the comparatively small body by
which they were beleagured.
From China the news is satisfactory. The
Chinese fleet had been destroyed in two severe
engagements. The sailors are said to have fought
their guns with unexampled constancy, and to
have occasioned a loss of 83 men killed and
wounded in the British squadron. This would at

any other time be considered very important
news ; at present, however, the public anxiety is
absorbed in the accounts from India, and especi-
ally from Delhi and the north-western provinces.

The result of Sir DE L. Evarrs' motion last
night must be eminently satisfactory to that dis-
tinguished General, and all the friends of military
reform. There may be some difference of opi-
nion as to details, but there is none as to the
great principle that " a higher rank of profes-
sional instruction, and more complete provision
for it, ought to be established for the commissioned
ranks cf the Army, but especially for the Staff."
It is but justice to say that the Government ap-
peared to have fully and fairly entered into the
spirit of the resolution, and assumed an advanced
position amongst those who desired to render
officers fully qualified for the ranks they should
respectively hold. They at once gracefully con-
ced-d the point, that recourse should be bad to
competitive examination of officers desiring to qua-
lify themselves for the staff, and that encouragement
should be assured for proficiency and general fit-
ness for advancement. The principle of competi-
tion would also be recognised, so far as a portion
of the commissions in the line are concerned, a
certain number of gratuitous commissions in the
line, and all those in the Ordnance Corps, the
Artillery, and Engineers being bestowed on the
best answerers at a public examination in the
branches of what may be properly Gilled a
" suitable military education."

We concur in the opinion that it would not be
right to make every commissioned officer a high
literary man. There are many active and
energetic youths who would greatly distinguish
themselves in the field, but who would totally
fail in
,a cpmpetitivo examination. We
do not wish to exclude such persons
from the army, where they may be
very valuable and efficient officers. It will
be quite sufficient to prove that they have received
a proper education, and that they are qualified to
discharge the necessary duties imposed on them.
They will understand that their future advance-
ment must depend on their own progress, and
that if there is any deficiency in literary attain-
ments it must be compensated by unexcep-
tionable conduct and
a high standard in other
respects. Besides, we must
ge
sol-
diers to look forward to rising from r
and if the competitive examination
ina good
thelite
rraarnyk so :.
scientific subjects were the sole means of obtain-
ino. nn entrance to the higher ranks, these meri-
torious men would in almost every instance be
excluded.

The measures about to be taken seem the fitting

preliminaries to the total abolitiou of the systena

of " promotion by purchase." They remove the
very foundation on which it was based, and we
may now look forward confidently to the total
abatement of the nuisance. Of course, compensa-
tion must be given to officers who have actually paid
large sums of money for the various steps they have
attained, as they gradually retire from the army,
and for that we may be obliged to wait for a
more flourishing state of the national finances,
and a total absence of hostilities in any part of the
globe. But every movement will be in the
right direction, and tending towards the goal
which will speedily be reached. Where
encouragements are assured for proficiency
and general attainments mere money will not
suffice. It may possibly turn the scale, ceteris
paribus, but even wealthy men will soon have to
look to other matters, rather than money for the
promotion to which they aspire, and without
which they would be disposed to vote

the service a " decided bore." From that
state the transition will be easy. Promotion
should not be given for mere seniority without
reference to other qualities. That would be
almost as bad as the present pop-beyond system,
nor should it be given by interest or favour. Job-
bing of every kind must be strenuously discou-
raged. But a variety of tests may be gradually
established, which would ensure promotion to the
really meritorious officer, and prevent the admis-
sion to the higher ranks of any who were not
fully competent for the position. Under these
circumstances we are well contented with what
has fallen from the Government, which we receive
as affording the most auspicious prospects for the
future efficiency of the military establishment of
the United Kingdom. Lord PALMERSTON has
done himself great honour by the frankness of his
speech.

Oxford and Cambridge have been reformed.
Although the measures were not by any means all
that the friends of enlarged and liberal education
could desire, although they did not keep pace with
the spirit of the age or the exigencies of the case,
they were yet movements in the right direction, and
were the more valuable, inasmuch as they should
be regarded as "the introduction of the sharp end
of the wedge," the action whereof might ultimately
produce very beneficial results.
The Senate of the London University are now
seeking for a new charter whereby their powers
may be greatly increased and extended. They
feel that it would be disgraceful to lag behind in
the interesting race—lnaction is impossible. They
cannot remain stationary. They must either press
onwards or retrograde, and surely nulla vestigia
retrorsum would be earnestly repeated by every
well-wisher of that valuable institution.
Considering the occasion one of vast conse-
quence not only to the welfare and prosperity cf
the University of London, but still more to the
interests of education throughout the kingdom,
indeed, we may say, throughout the world,, we,
are induced to reprint a very admirable petition
presented more than twenty years since to the
House of Commons from the Rev. Dr. EMERTON,
the distinguished Principal of Hanwell Cullege,
Middlesex. Every word whereof appears applica-
ble to the present day, and seems expressly
written to meet the occasion, factum ad unguem,
if we may so express ourselves. Indeed, since
the principle of competition for employment in
the Indian Civil Service, and many of the leading
public offices has been recognised, since the
students and graduates of the old and of the new
universities must meet the pupils -of well con-
ducted private establishmenb, without deriving
any peculiar benefit from the magic initials at-
tached to their respective names, it would be for
the benefit of these universities that additional
facilities should be aff)rded to really meritorious
Applicants to receive their degrees, on showing
themselves to be possessed of the requisite infor-
mation and knowledge. The best men would
thus be attracted to their Halls and the educa-
tional standard materially elevated throughout the

empire.
One of the most important portions of the lata
reforms, was that which extended the privileges
of the university to persons elucatei in private
halls. But unfortunately those halls were re-
quired to be within certain limited distances, and
all beyond the magic circle were excluded from
the boon. This mischievous restriction was pro-
ductive of very injurious consequences. it per-
petuated the danger so greatly and justly dreaded
by parents, which has so often proved destructive
to the hopes of high promise, and ruinous to the
interests of the other members of their families,
who were too frequently stinted of comforts, that
a heavy expenditurofor one might be encountered.
Nor is the legitimate expenditure all that is to be
avoided. There are unfortunately so many
temptations to extravagance, so many facilities
for running into debt, that the instances are by no
means rare in which young men have had a life
long struggle with poverty, and have dragged on
a wretched struggling existence in return for the
deleterious indulgences of the few years that they
remained in statu pupillari.
Dr. EMERTON, in a very able letter,* which
he addressed to Lord JOHN RUSSELL, when the
Government Bill was introduced for the Regula-
tion of the University of Oxford,. and which
will well repay perusal, grapples with this inju-
dicious and pre-eminently mischievous restriction.
He pertinently inquires—
" But why should these privileges be confined to
a mi'e and a half from Carfax ? Why should not
every graduated member of the University, at least,
be allowed to participate in the boon you are about
to confer? Why, in fact, should the privileges
and the benefits of a national University be limited
by any other boundary than that of the nation.
itself ? Nay, I would go still farther, and be con-
tent with nothing less than making each of our
English Universities the University of the World,
and allow no other limits to its influence than the
boundaries of the globe."
He shows that he, himself, would, under the pro-
visions of the Act, be entitled to open a private
Hall in Oxford, and asks, why should his services
not be equally available at Hanwell Adding—
" If I could there prepare men for their exami-
nation in the schools, in the densely populated
' streets and back lanes of a crowded city, wby may
not the Fame be ac:omplished in a spacious man-
sion surrounded with parks and groves, with .every
convenience and accommodation that a series of
years have enabled me to procure ? And, if I could
do this, why might not others in the various public
and private establishments of the country, or even
in their own homes, by training young men for the
degrees the University confers ?
" Were this done, my lord, there would be much
less necessity for interfering with the former en-
dowments of the colleges, or the immediate govern-
ment of the University itself. Will the privilege
of obtaining degrees, and the Fellowships thrown
open to public competition, there would be an
honourable emulation excited, not confined to a
few favoured individuals, but extensive as the na-
tion itself, which would be sure to elicit the highest
talent, and reward industry and exertion wherever
they might be found."
The concession, thus powerfully urged, would
be a real boon to many meritorious and hard
working clergymen,
scattered throughout the
length and breadth of the land. It would en-
able them to eke out their Beauty incomes, to

* " A Letter
Tlnivenity P 'co the Right Hon. Lord John Russell, on
Leform. By the Rev. J. A. Ernerton, D.D.,
Oxon Pr' ':
mo,i,' ...neipal of Hanwell College, Middlesex., London :
j -,,,,,7.• Longman, Brown, Green, and Longman. Oxford:
Y
_, lucent."

secure, if not an maple income, a moderate inde-
pendence in place of being, as many are, unfortu-
nately, at this moment, " dependent on the hand
of charity for their very subsistence," while those
who had sons might enable them to obtain degrees
without pinching themselves and families, and
subjecting the objects of their fondest hopes to a
very formidable ordeal.
The objections that may be stated to throwing
open the honours and prizes of the universities to
be contended for by all the educational establish-
ments of the kingdom, and which would certainly
give the strongest stimulus to well conducted in-
Aitutions, are fairly answered by Dr. EMERTON.

He says :
"The question may naturally arise, if young men
are thus allowed to receive their education at oth-r
place, how is the University itself to be support!d ?
And it may be feared by many, that this n)ble in-
stitution would sink in the general scramble ; but
they must have been very unobservant of c tuse and
effect if they sally believe this would be the c tse.
If the University be not wanting to itself, it must
always be the first school in the world, and it will
lose nothing of its popularity or its dignity by
proving that in the general race, it is not to be lett
behind. It is true that, in order that it may do
this, all its paeans must be made available for the
purposes for which they were originally intended.
There must be no sinecnre professors without
classes ; the University curriculum must be worthy
of itself—it must, indeed, become the standard by
which all other institutions must be measured ; to
which standard they will not be able to attain but
by the most strenuous exertions, and the adapta-
tion of all their resources to its accomplishment.
Oxford, be assured, my lord, will lose nothing by
the measure, whilst the University, in its members,
will be an infinite gainer. It would be impossible
in the compass of a letter to enter into detail, but
the experiment has only to be tried to prove its
efficacy in the result.
" Every member of the University, wherever he
may be placed, would become interested in its pro-
sperity, and the University would be the universal
rewarder of talent and industry, in whatever soil
they had been fostered, and under whatever system
they had grown."
Under this system Dissenters might, when they
thought proper, be educated in schools and col-
leges of their own, and yet be enabled to obtain
degrees, which would at once prove that they had
received a liberal education, and had profited
by the advantages bestowed on them. The
influence of the universities would thus
be increased, and " with the present ma-
chinery and without interfering with vested
rights, by the simplest means, a national
system of education of the highest character may
be introduced." What is required is, that the
rising generation should receive suitable instruc-
ticn, which may be known by its fruits when
tested by a public and impartial examination.
The place where, and the forms by which it may
be communicated; are S matters of comparatively
trivial importance.

Once more we commend Dr. MURTON'S bro-
chure to public notice. It will be found well
worthy of calm and attentive consideration.

MARRIAGE OF THE PRINCESS CHAR-
LOTTE OF BELGIUM.

The marriage of the Princess Charlotte of Bel-
gium and the Archduke Maximilian took place on
Monday at Brussels. At half-past ten a number
of illustrious personages assembeled in what is
called the Blue Saloon, which was splendidly fitted
up for the occasion :—The bride and bridegroom,
the King, the ex-Queen of the French, Prince
Albert, the reigning Duke and Duchess of Saxe-
Coburg-Gotha, the Archduke Charles Louis, &c.
It had been decided by the King that the re-
ligious marriage should be celebrated in the palace,
and the chapel which had exis'ed in that building
during the lifetime of Q ue -n Louisa Maria was con
sequently restored. This chapel—or rather this
drawing-room transformed into a chapel—has been
completely fitted up with hangings of the richest
description, consisting of crimson velvet and ermine
fringed with gold. At the top of the room. was
placed an altar of white and gold, in face of which
-were two prie-Dien destined for the august pair.
Behind these prie-Dieu were drawn up a row of
armchairs, destined for the Queen Marie Amelie,
the King, Prince Albert, the Duke of Saxe Co-
burg, the Archduke Charles Louis, and the
princes and princesses of the royal family.
The remainder of the chapel was filled with benches
covered with crimson velvet. Facing the altar was
placed a magnificent painting by Rut ens, repre-
senting the "Assumption of the Virgin." At
half-past eleven the royal cortege arrived.
The bride wore a magnificent dress of white satin
embroidered with silver, a lace veil covered her
shoulders, and she bore a diadem of orange blossoms,
beautifully blendqd with diamonds. The Archduke
wore the grand ueiforrn of the Austrian navy, and
was decorated with the grand cordon of Leopold, and
the collar of the Golden Fleece. The King followed,
leading in Queen Marie Atnelie, who was attired in
a high dress of blaeish-grey silk with lace flounces,
and a head-dress of lace. Prince Albert, wear-
ing a field-marshal's uniform, and the grand cordon
of the order of Leopold, followed with the Arch-
duchess Marguerite. The chapel was already
occupied by a most distinguished party, which
included the entire diplomatic corps, the high
functionaries of State, the Ministers, deput %-
tions from the great bodies of State, &c. At
pontifical robes, with his crozier
the altar was guiding the Cardinal Archbishop
i no fe
dclfeorrgythweemr:
of Malines, in
and mitre, accompanied by two grand vicars.
When the royal party had taken
suAipdnetuhomef eptrlloajeucesastbtdaoerdsyt
tdhreawcnartdipinoaln
deli-
vered
cr address to the august couple, and
t'ehe religious marriage. At half-
pastvered a touching
then celebrated
one a grand breakfast was given in the palace,
which lasted until nearly three o'clock, when the
company rose, Prince Albert proceeding to change
his dress previously to his leaving for England.

RETUB? OF THE PRINCE coNsoßr.

DOVER, TUESDAY, JULY 28.

His Royal Highness the Prince Consort arrived off
Dover in her Majesty's steam yacht Osborne from Ant-
werp at 3.20 p.m to-day, and immediately afterwards
landed in Dover harbour in one of the boats belonging to
the Osborne.

The Prince was received at the landing-place by her
Majesty's Na►al Superintendent of the Port, Captain
M'llwaine and by the Commandant of the Garrison,
Colonel Lysons, both of whom accompanied him to the
railway station, where, short as had been the notice, a
special train, under the energetic direction of Mr. J.:lln-
stone, the stationmaster, had been prepared. It left
Dover for Portsmouth via the Redhill station of the
South-Eastern Railway and the London and Brighton
Railway, at 3.40 p.m. Mr. Johnstone riding on the
engine.

His Royrl Highness the Prince Consort arrived at
Portsmouth last evening at twenty minutes past seven
o'clock, on his return from Belgium. Her Majesty's
yacht Fairy came over from Osborne with her Majesty
and family on board to meet bim. His Royal Highness
embarked in the Sttte barge from the new landing-place
of the dockyard, and left in the Fairy about half•past 7.
The usual salutes were fired.

TIT VISIT Or THE ELIIPEROR AND EM-
PRESS OF TEE FRENCH TO OSBORI.VII.

----
La4t evening hm Majesty's ships SC. Vincent, 10
guns, Captaiu Elliott, the Cesar, 91(in ordinary), screw
two decker, and tie Blenheim, 61, screw two-decker,
Captain the Han. F. T. Pelham, C. 8., were ordered to
be got ready im►nsdiately to go to Spithead, to await
further orders, pmding the visit to Osborne of their
Imperial Majesties the Emperor and Empress of the
French. thher slips, it is supposed, will be sent to the
same rendezvous from other ports.

The Queen of the Netherlands yesterday morning
visited the Crystal Palace. Her Majesty was conducted
by Sir Joseph Baton over the different courts, and
taken over the gardens now attached to that attractive
exhibition. Her Majesty, either on Saturday or Sunday,
leaves hyr Scotlani.
The Royal Highnesses the Duchess of Cambridge and
the Princess Mary l, ft town, yesterday afternoon, for
Calais, en route for Switztrland. Alter passing a few
weeks in that romantic country the duchess will make a
shirt stay at her chateau near Frankfort-on-the Main.
His Imperial Highness Prince Peter of adenburg left
Claridge's Hotel last night, accompanied by Colonel
Wulfe, for Berlin.
His Excellency the Belgian Minister and Madame
Van de Weyer will leave town to-morrow for Dover en
route for Calais and Brussels.
The Marquis and Marchioness of Breadalbane left
town on Monday fur their seat in Scotland.
Viscount and Viscounteas Newport have left town
for their seat in Shropshire. The Hon. Mra. Anson
and Miss Anson left town yesterday to stay a few
weeks with the noble viscount and viscountess.

TES" NEW

THE OVERLAND MAIL.

ral. Cochrane, who is to replace him. The Borys-
thene steam-packet, from Alexandria, has been de-
layed on her passage by an accident to her machi-
nery. She came in this morning. Accounts from
Genoa of the 26th state that, after the dissolution
of the municipality, the former mayor had been re-
elected by a large majority.
BERLIN, Jim- 26.
The Prussian Government, in reply to the diffe-
rent remonstrances which have been addressed to
it relative to the principalities, has officially an-
nounced its approbation of the conduct of its com-
missioner there.

" If we are well informed," says the Journal du
Havre " the Chamber of Commerce has received
an official intimation of the resolutions of the
French Goveinment relative to the question of
the Transatlantic packets. The New York line is to
be accorded to Havre, with a subvention of
3,000,000 fr. ; the Antilles line to Nantes, with
6,000,000 fr. ; and the BrazUs line to Bordeaux
and Marseilles, with 5,030,000 fr. Each port is
requested to present a company prepared to under-
take the line a'signed to it."
A letter from Brussels in the Constitutionnel
says :—"M. Thiers, who lately went to Ostend
in company with General Changarnier, to pay
their respects to the ex-Queen Marie Amelia had
taken a passport for the Duchy of Nassau. Tiie,e
two persons had, it is said, expressed a hope of
being received at the chateau of Lacken, but this
expectation has not been realised."
The Courrier de Paris says that the state of
health of Lablache is such as to cause great appre-
hension to his friends. He has become quite thin,
that journal declares, and is about to proceed, by
order of his medical advisers, to Mout-d'Or.

BounsE, July 28.—The following were tho 1-zit
quotations :

Oash. fr. a. End of 3ronth.
ti per Cents
3 per Cents • 66 GO C 6 60

Bank Shares 2,830 Credit Fonder 560
Credit Mobilier 930 Roman
Do. Account - 93'1 Austrian
Belgian 4.i - --.
Piedmontese (5) BBi - Home Debt