The Sun.
London, England, 1857-08-07 00:00:00

LONDON, FRIDAY, AUGUST 7, 1357

In another part of this day's impression will
be found a letter, signed "Justice to the Op-
pressed," to which we readily give insertion, on
the golden rule, audi alterara partem, on which we
have always acted, and shalt ever continue to act.
Truth will always be advanced by full and fair
discussion, and that it is our desire to obtain,
although the views promulgated may happen to
be opposed to those which, on calm and attentive
consideration, we may ourselves have taken on the
subject. Oar correspondent gives us credit for
an anxious wish to advocate the cause and ame-
liorate the condition of "the oppressed nation-
alities" in all parts of the globe ; and on that
subject we have " nailed our colours to the mast,"
and shall never haul them down until there is
"justice t) the oppressed" of all nations,
tribes, and languages throughout the civilised
world.

We must, however, question the fact whether
the union of the Danubian Principalities under a
foreign Prince would be for the benefit of the
people—whether we should not rather be rivetting
their chains under the affected garb of liberality.
We may well be permitted to doubt the value and
permanence of that freedom to be produced under
the auspices of Russia, France, and Prussia, to
hesitate before yielding unconditional credence to
the new-fiadged zeal of the Emperor NAPOLEON
on behalf of the freedom and purity of election.
" Time° Danaos et dona ferentes," exclaimed the
Trojan priest, and his salutary caution, if duly
acted on, might ave delayed the doom of Mara.
We cannot, !therefore, with the experience
of the recent Flaw, elections before us, at one
unequivocally accept the protestations against al-
leged abuses in Wallachia and
Moldavia. Nor
can we participate in playing the Russian game,
because it is asserted—although
atheat a par-
ticle of proof—that " the whole
hope of the five
millions of inhabitants is in being united under a
foreign Prince, as their only guarantee of the
future." It may not be merely " a French idea,"
although it has been acted on and energetically
pursued by the French Ambassalor, at Constan-
tinople. But it is a Russian one actively pro-
moted by Russian influence from the very mo-
ment that the war was brought to a most lame,
and most impotent conclusion, and Russia per-
mitted to
_escape with impunity from the conse-
quences of her unwarrantable aggression on the
security and independence of Turkey, and her List Friday we published the report of the
palpable attempts to divide the assets of the Royal Commissioners appointed to determine the
" Sick Man." site of the new National Gallery, and to report
Weenteredinto thelatewar astheprotectors, and on the desirableness of combining with it the
defenders a the Sublime Porte. It would be an Fine Art and Archea)logical Collection of the

The railroads, completed and sanctioned, are
of course indicated ; indeed, nothing is omitted
which is required by the reader of the newspaper,
or of works on India such as the Duke of WEL-
LINGTON'S despatches. Only to sit down and
study the map itself for a spare hour will
give most persons a clearer view of India
than they ever had before. And, as if nothing
should be wanting to furnish a purchaser with the
greatest amount of information permitted by the
space, a small map of the world, on MERCATOR'S
projection, fills up the south-east corner, vacant
otherwise by the peculiar configuration of India,
and shows at a glance the whole of the British
empire, from its vast domains in North America
to its huge continental island of Australia. Mr,
WYLD deserves once more the highest credit for
having furnished, at the moment needed, what
every one wants. We are pleased, therefore, tJ
perceive that a second and a third edition have
already been called for, and cannot doubt that
his energy and enterprise will be amply rewarded
by the public.
We think it right, on our part at
least, to encourage
every well-conceived attempt,
not only to interest in Indian matters, but to dif-
fuse more accurate knowledge of them.

extraordinary EfPOMO if our next step were to British MllBOlll3l. it is an able and well-oonei-

dared document, and should effectually prevent
the contemplated job of removing the people's
property to a place where it would be practically
inaccessible to the great body of the people. The
anxiety that was felt for that removal in certain
quarters was but too painfully notorious, and
reasonable apprehensions were entertained that
the Commissioners would not have the moral
firmness to resist the influences that might be
brought to bear on them. We rejoice, however,
to say that they have faithfully and honourably
discharged the important duty confided to their
hands, and returned an honest and impartial ver-
dict between the Prince and the People.
Originally composed of six Members, one was
ab ini•tio prevented from acting by ill-health. Of
the remaining five, one declined to vote, and the
decision ultimately arrived at was carried by a ma-
jority of three votes to one, and that decision was
" in favour of the site of the present National
Gallery." It is in accordance with the views and
feelings of the overwhelming majority of the na-
tion, who are fully convinced that in every aspect
of the case, the present situation offers advan-
tages far greater than any other that could be
suggested. The collection has been created for
the use of the many, to improve the taste for art,
to elevate and refine the minds of those who have
not valuable private collections within their reach.
The aristocratical section are by no means ex-
cluded. They are also admissible, whenever they
think proper to attend. But unfortunately that
is not sufficient. They want it to themselves and
for themselves, and as they cannot now exclude
the million, the only way of attaining the ob-
ject is by removing it to some less accessible loca-
lity, where artisans and operatives might be de-
terred from coming between the wind and their
nobility.

Now Trafalgar-square could be approached at a
cheap rate from every metropolitan and suburban
district—conveyance by omnibus could be ob-
tained at a single fare to Charing Cross from any
quarter. It is the grand centre to which all
the radii tend, and from which an easy return
can be obtained. We need not say how greatly
an additional fare back and forward for each per-
i son may affect the prospects of a working man's
visit with his family to the Art Collection. To a
comparatively wealthy person, a few shillings
more or less are of trivial importance. But it is
very different with the man who earns his daily
bread by his daily labour, and who has to look
narrowly to the ways and means before he de-
votes a single shilling to purposes either of amuse-
ment or instruction. To such a person, the re-
moval of the art collection to Kensington Gore
would more than quadruple the difficulties and
impediments to a visit. It would therefore di-
minish the attendance in a still greater ratio, and
that was the chief object of the parties clamouring
for the change, while it rendered it peculiarly
distasteful to every advocate for the improvement
and enlightenment of the less wealthy classes.
The choice was practically limited to two sites,
that of the present National Gallery sufficiently
enlarged, and the Kensington Gore Estate, which

had been purchased with the surplus profits of the
Great Exhibition of 1851, without the consent
of the Parliament or People of Great Britain
being either obtained or even asked for. It was
an unexpected movement towards that which bad
already become a foregone conclusion in the minds
of its concoctors, and which it was thought the
unwarranted and unwarrantable application of
some 150,0001. of what might justly be desig-
nated as public money, would sooner or later en-
sure. In this, however, they " reckoned without
their host," for the popular mind was firmly and
irrevocably opposed to the German job.

She proceeds to the Victoria Dock to discharge
her cargo, and then goes on to Bremen.
She left New York on the 22d, and her dates
have consequently been anticipated.

tures for ages to come. I should add, the pro-
posed additions to the present building would have
the effect of entirely concealing the front of it. I
have gone very minutely into the sulject, an I have
prrpared certain plans and diagrams to illustrate
my propod!ion, and I shall have great pleasure in
submitting and explaibing them if it be the wish of
the committee." (Answer 182.)

Now all these matters can be easily and cheaply
effected for far less than the value of the Kensing-
ton Gore Estate. The matter shoull, therefore,
be regarded as decided, and we should consider it
to be so, but for a sinister rumour that has pre-
vailed that the removalof the national collection to
Ken sin gtonGore du ring th e recess was contemplated,
and which at first received additional strength from
the fencing and quibbling of Sir G. C. LEWIS, with
the plain and straightforward interrogatory ex-
hibited by Mr. WISE. We cannot, however, be-
lieve that the statesman who once enunciated that
"England had no cousins," would join in a con-
spiracy to degrade the British Parliament, or to
transfer its functions to other hands. When
pressed on the point, Lord PALMERSTON said,
"surely no pledge is necessary. No step can be
taken to build a new National Gallery without
the vote of the House l" This is clear and dis-
tinct. He could not, and we firmly believe, would
not listen to any persuasion leading to the viola-
tion of the implied promise. Should he do so,
Parliament can vindicate its own honour, and its
own independence, but we" are convinced there
are no grounds for the apprehensions that, looking
to the unauthorised purchase of the Kensington
Gore Estate, might otherwise reasonably be enter-
tained respecting the alleged project.
This opinion has been confirmed by the answer
yesterday given by Sir G. C. LEWIS to the perti-
nacious and indefatigable Mr. CONINGHAM. The
Right Hon. Baronet declared that the Govern-
ment " had come to no decision upon tha subject
—that it was not their intention, at present, to
sanction any removal of pictures in the National
Gallery, or in Marlborough House to Kensington
Gore." Adding what, after all, affords the best
security, " that there was no building at present,
to which they could be removed, even if such
was the intention of the Government." This,
although not conveyed in a very graceful manner,
is what we require. We only demand that no change
should be made without Parliament having been
fully consulted, and its calm and deliberate opinion
being first duly had and obtained.
On Wednesday Mr. CONINOHAM also pointed
out the strong objections to the establishment of
the new portrait gallery in an independent build-
ing in Great George-street, Westminster, in place
of making it a part of the National Gallery in
Trafalgar-square. This is a job that should be
closely watched ; these separate collections being
all matters tending towards a removal to Kensing-
ton Gore. The present vote was, however, only
for 2,0001., and that cannot greatly influence the
ultimate decision one way or the other, but even
that vote was postponed ! All these things must,
however, be closely watched, and the nation is for-
tunate in having so vigilant a guardian as Mr.
CONIIIKOHAX.

AMERICA.

(BY ELECTRIC TELEGRAPH.)

SOUTHAMPTON, FRIDAY MORNING.

The European and American Company's steam-
ship Queen of the Soutb, Captain Beal, has arrived
from New York, with 182 passengers and a lull

cargo.

The spurious pretext, so earnestly urged for
the change, was that the smoke and atmosphere
of Lyndon, and the extra dirtiness, and neces-
sary cleaning of the pictures, occasioned an
amount of wear and tear that would occur only in
a smaller degree -in clearer and more airy situa-
tions. On this point—the only one, indeed, in
any way worthy of notice—the commissioners can-
didly declare that—

Information has been received in official quarters
from Constantinople, to the effect that the new Minis-
try have decided that the elections held in Moldavia on
the 19th ult, should be annulled, with a view to their
being held again on the 15th inst.
It is believed that General Certelbajac is the person
who will succeed M. de Horny as Ambassador to the
Court of St. Petersburg, and, in the event of the re-
sumption of diplomatic relations between France and
Naples, that Prince Carini will represent King Ferdinand
at this Court.
It is said that a C inference is to be held in Paris
relative to a supplementary treaty between the French
and Rusoian Governments regulating literary property-
BIRMINGFIAM ELECTION.—The Mayor has appointed
Monday and Tuesday next for the nomination and elec-
tion of a member to represent this borough in Parlia-
ment. The greatest interest is felt in the result,
The Villa Marengo, on the plain of that name, con-
taining a museum of relics of the celebrated battle, and
having a considerable tract of land attached to it, has
been sold to M. Israel Salomon Debenedetti for the swell
sum of 110,0001 r.
THE SELECT COMMITTEE ON THE OATHS BILL.—The
select committee moved for by L-rd J. Russell to consi:
der the operation of the Act sth and 6th Wm. IV., care
62, with reference to the taking of oaths, and to ascer-
tain whether that act would apply to the oaths taken by
members before sitting and voting in the houee of
Commons, met yesterday, at one•o'cl ,ck. On the
meeting of the committee the foom was filled by
a large body of strangers, conspicuous among whom was
Baron Rothschild, but the room was immediately ordered
to bt cleared, and the first thing which the committee
did was to come to a resolution
atntio 9 a m.
nto ex. with late feescludethepubl public.
LIVERPOOL, Aug. 6--The Royal Mail steam-hip
Arabia will sail for New York on Saturday, when the
lo
e . t
Post-office letter-begat
10 a m., and on the landing-stage at 11 a.m.
SOUTHAMPTON, Thursday.—The Earl of Clarerdon,
Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs, embarked from
ei
s L ro,urtde,h forip
the docks this afternoon on board the Royal steam yacht
Fairy, Master-Commander er f
h D.
e French. IV
. Wel c h
n, n
r-
cOsborne on a visit to Her Majesty, and for the purpose
of meeting the Emperorre
returns on -Monday. Viscount Palmerston, Prime
state
Minister, will embark from the docks on Saturday to
:--
join the Royal and Imperial party at Osborne.
" The site of the present National Gallery is The Peninsular and Oriental Company's steamer,
incontestably more accessible—more in the way of
Hiadostan, will bring the next Calcutta mail to Suez.
all classes, and, from long usage, more familiar to The Hindostan is a slow
graphed to Englandship. It is expected that if the
them, than any position in the outskirts of the Bombay mail arrives at
brought
zbefore the Hindostan, a
metropolis. The surpassing merits of this site iii summary bf the news _
from Bombay will be
this respect are fully set forth in the unanimous
despatched from he_ fromlex some port in the Mediter-
andria immediately to be tele-
report of the select committee of 1848, to whi-li mean.
we have previously referred. And in regard to ASSISTANT ARMY SURGRONR.--Dr. Andrew Smith,
capacity for enlargement, which seems to be the the head of the army medical department, has given
chiet matter of doubt, there can be no impediments notice that a number of assistant surgeons are at presen t
now which were not known to the eminent prat- required for service in the army. Candidates for the
tical statesmen. who composed the committee and service must be British-born subjects, under 25 years of
prepared the report of 1848." age.
They also, without alluding to the numerous Adcl,lleesrmxan Lawrence, the sheriff elect of London and
Middlesex, has appointed Mr. James Josiah Millard, of
dwelling-houses now. erecting in the vicinity of Cord waine r's Hall, to be his under-sheriff during the
and completely surrounding the Kensington• Gore year of his shrievalty.
estate, say—
The house of Mr. Croker, in Stokes Bay, near
Gosport, will be taken for his Royal Highness Prince
"In regard to atmospheric impurities, it is, as
has been previously admitted, inferior to the site of his studies. The Prince will be conveyed
ofdparosecuting
mandielyr Allred
general
Kensington-gone ; but additional care, the more Royal steam tender Me, Masstteroc Commander
general protection of the pictures by glass, whfch to attend naval
is strongly recommended by some of our more tom- Baistoo,
illustrious,il training ship,_
aPintalro
RobottiOmt Harrisn on board rtehde
will
lhave the
ehe of
briningC
his Royal Highness
petent witnesses, architectural improvements in a forward
as a naval officer. g
new building, and recent legislation, which has Commander Francis Peel (1855) who has been ap-
done much to purify the metropolitan atmosphere pointed to the command of the Buzzard, 6, paddle steam
and may do more, would probably much improve sloop, was lieutenant of the Edinburgh, 58, flag-ship of
its present condition. Considered architecturally Rear-Admiral Henry Chads, C.B.,e'in the Baltic fleet.
the site of Trafalgar-square stands by common. con- The forthcoming half-yearly meeting of the Midldnd
sent without a rival ; and the substitution of a Railway Company is officially announced at the rate of
building worthy of the British people for the pre- 41 per cent per annum. For the correspondingsttx
sent edifice would command universal admiration,4
months of last year the dividend was at the rate o
and do honour to the age."
per cent, per annum, and for the same period of 1855
3i per cent- per annum.
The architectural improvements of the metro.
The actual value of Cie Australian gold known to bo
polis cannot altogether be Post sight of. When
582,000/, The steamer Great Britain has been to sea
actual y on the way from Me bourns to this country is
the intentions respecting the contemplated pub- 78 days with 406,6001. ; the steamer Indomitable
199
tic offices are carried into practical execution, a ' days with 123,8001. ; the Summer Cloud 87 days vith
suitable national slier on "the finest site in
I 31,840/. ; and the Sardinian 84 days with 19,8401.
g y ,
The appointment of Assistant Adjutant-General Royal
Europe," will be an appropriate addition, a Artilleryto tfih;eledferucpe
buyndHer.Ror.Htre. the General Com-
mandingrs for India has
been
proper termination to the brilliant line from the satisfactorily
Imperial Palace at Westminster to Trafalgar,. John Adye, C. 8., officer of the Legion of Honour
,w
Crimeanh o
square. Sir CHARLES BARRY, an unexception-
in-Chief, in the selection of Lieut.-Colonel
campaign.occupied a similar post during the entire
able witness, declared his opinion Two CHILDREN FOUND MURDERED. '— Yesterday
" That if the site of St. Martin's Workhouse were morning, Russell, the lock-keeper of the Regent's Canal,
purchased, an alteration were made in the form of
Victoria-park, Bethnal-green, discovered a brown parcel
the barrack-yard, and a portion of Castle-street floatinghouseolld Ford-road,
in
the water,
neare
tdhe
gged the package on to
the towing path, and on opening the covering he found
public-
stopped ; if the Royal Academy were located else:-
where, the portico and other projections beyond the dead body of a female child in a state of advanced
the line of the present front taken down, and con-
siderable additions were made to the present build- decomposition. On the bead there were two severe
lacerated wounds. The body of a male infant was like-
ing, a National Gallery could be obtained on the wise picked up by a labouring man in a field at Bow-
present site that would be an ornament to the common, tied up in a piece of an old cotton gown, and
metropolis, and afford accommodation equal to the was quite fresh. The head bore marks of vit2lence, and
requirements a the country for the national pi.ol one of the arms was broken above the elbow joint.

" So far as space for a building of great magni-
tude with capacity for future enlargement is con-
cerned, this site is, in our opinion, unioubtedly,
to be preferred, and we cannot but conclude that
t'r,e air must be on the whole less impure there than
at Charing-cross'. Whether it will continue to be
so when the neilzhbouring land to the south-west
and west shall be covered wi h buildings and
ba-
Come part of the metropolis may by some be
doub ed. We ought not al- oget her to overlook the
fact, although it Lead not govern our decision, that
the choice of this site would ()cession a saving to
the amount of whatever outlay might be requisite
for thoa purchase of laud ehesvher*."

This outlay would, however, not be altogether
lost. The estate would be very valuable for
building purposes. It has already become one of
the most fashionable localities in the metropolis,
and ground rents already are charged at an
enormous rate. We believe that 841. per annum
is charged for the site of each of the Palatial
residences now in course of construction in Prince
Albert's-road. Surely then the Tani already pur-
chased may be deposed of, and the proceeds would
go far t. supply, if it did not exceed, the cost of
the additional space required in the vicinity of the
present National Gallery.

"On the other hand," they emphatically

LATEST NEW

RUPTURE BETWEEN FRANCE AND

TURKEY.

CONSTANTINOPLE, AUG. 6.

The Porte having refused to accede to M.
Thouvenel's demand for the annulment—imme-
diate, absolute, and without examination—of the
Moldavian elections, he has broken off diplomatic
relations with the Turkish Government, and yes-
terday, at half-past 12, the flag of the French
Embassy was hauled down.
It i 3 not yet known whether the Ministers of
Russia, Prussia, and Sardinia, who have threat-
ened to follow the example of their colleague,
will do so.

PARIS, FRIDAY.

The Moniteur announces that on the 14th inst.,
at two, p.m., the Emperor in person will inaugu-
rate the new buildings of the Palace of the Louvre,
begun in 1852 and finished in 1857.

The Empress will be present at this ceremony.

MARSEILLES, AUG. 6.

The notes of the four Powers directed against
Prince Vogorides, were identical, though presented

separately.

Two hundred houses have been destroyed by fire
at Galata. The establishment of the &ears Fran-

caises was saved.

The tribes of the Mutualis hid pillaged the
Christians in the town of Sour. M. de Lesseps,
the French Consul at Beyrout, had gone to the
spot to demand a public repression of the outrage.
Prince Vogorides had proceeded to replace the
Metropolitan of Moldavia, because he had refused
to preside over the Divan.

The Kcenigsberg Gazette publishesa dispatch from
St. Petersburg stating that a serious affair bad
taken place at Isala'avia in the Caucasus between
the Russian troops awl the main body of the forces
of Schamyl, in which the latter were defeated, with
the loss of 400 killed. The Russians had eight
men killed and 47 wounded.

TRIAL OF THE FRENCH CON-

SPIRATO RS.

The trial of the Italians and others on the charge
of conspiring against the life of the Emperor of the
French opened yesterday at the Assize Court of
Paris. Four of the accused being out of the French
territory, are proceeded against by default, and, in
case of continued absence, will be judged by the
Court without the jury. The Judges took their seats
at 10 o'clock, and, on demand of the Procureur-
General, a 13th juror was named, in order to take
the place, if necessary, of one of the 12. Notwith-
standing the interest attached to the proceedings,
the Court but slowly filled with spectators. The
heat of the weather probably had something to do
with the matter. The witnesses in the case are 11
in numbs'?" six for the prosecution and five for the
defence. The pieces de conviction were displayed
on a table before the judges. They consisted of a
leather valise seized at the lodgings of Tibaldi, one
of the prisoners, five poniards in red leather
sheaths, 14 pocket pistols with double barrels, a
horse pistol (double barrel), a formidable looking
revolver, two bullet moulds, and two boxes of per-
cussion caps. The pistols were loaded. At a quarter
past 3 the prisoners were brought into court—
namely, Paolo Tibaldi, Grilli alias Faro, and
Bartolotti. Tibaldi appears to be about 30 years
of ago. He had a blouse over his clothes, and
wore moustaches. So much as could be seen of his
dress was black. Grilli looked about two or three
years younger ; he wore thick moustaches, and was
dr, ssed like a working mechanic. Bartolotti has
marked Italian features. He wore moustaches and
a thick beard, and was also dressed in black. The
two last-named speak with difficulty a few words
of French ; their bearing seemed rather confident

than othervviee. Bartolotti was more subdued, and

his replies to the questions put to him were given in
a low and weak voice. The examination was con-
ducted through an interpreter. After the usual
formalities, the acte d'accusation, or indictment,
together with various letters appended as docu-
mentary evidence, was read by the clerk of the
court. The concluding passage was to this
effect :

"Wherefore, Paolo Tibaldi, Giuseppe Bartolotti,
Grilli alias Faro, Giuseppe Mazzini, Alexandre
Augute Ledru-Rollin' Gaetano Masiarente, and
Frederico Campanella, the last four not appearing,
are charged with having, in 1857, in virtue of a
resolution concerted and decided between them,
formed a plot having for object an attempt on the
life of the Emperor, the said plot having been fol-
lowed by an act committed or com:nenced with a
view to prepare its execution, a crime provided
for by the 89th article of the Penal Code."
The interrogatoire or examination of the accused
and witnesses then commenced.
Tibaldi was first examined. He denied all com-
plicity, but owned to his acquaintanceship with
Grilli and Bartoletti. He denied ever having had
any relations with Mazzini.

Grilli was next interrogated. He declared that
Massarenti took him to see Mazzini at London ; that
Massarenti asked bim whether he was willing to as-
sassinate the Emperor; he replied he would think
the matter over. He finally agreed. Mazzini put the
same question to him, and gave him instructions to
watch the Emperor's movements. He was given
50 napoleons by Massarenti, who received the
money from Mazzini. He further declared that at
Paris be communicated his object to Tibaldi, who
gave him two daggers. Grilli also avowed that he
met Bartolotti at Mazzini's. He denied the inten-
tion of assassinating the Emperor. Ile accepted
the money, and made the promise to do so because
he was starving.
Bartolotti was next examine. He declared
that Massarenti came to see him at York. He asked
him to go with him to London to see Mazzini. He
paid his journey. At Mazzini's be met a tall stout
Frenchman, whose name he could not pronounce.
Mazzini told him that the Emperor went out every
evening in a low carriage. He met Grilli the next
day at Mazzini's. It was agreed they should go to
Paris together. He gave them Tibaldi's address in
Peri., with a mot d'ordre. He asked Massarenti, for
money. He said he had none, but that Rodron
Rolline would procure some. Two days afterwards
he received 50 napoleons in gold. Grilli also re-
ceived some money.

Jean Baptiste Geraux, atailor, sentenced to four
years' imprisonment for belonging to a secret society,
declared (as a witness) that, at the end of 1853, at
London, he, at the request of Ledru-Rollin, con-
veyed 500 f. to a certain Beaumont.
The President then read the declarations of a
certain Keltch, who came to Paris with the inten-
tent;on of assassinating the Emperor ; and a report
from the Prefect of Police to the effect that Keltch
and Beaumont were one and the same person.
v, The trial will be resumed to-morrow, when it is
expected to be brought to a close.