The Sun.
London, England, 1861-09-13 00:00:00

THE SUN, LONDON, FRIDAY EVENING, SEPTEMBER 13, 1861.

AMERICA.

SOUTHAMPTON, THURSDAY MORNING.

The North German Lloyd's screw steamer Bre-
men, Captain H. Wessels, arrived off Cowes at one
o'clock this morning, with advices from New York
to the 31st ult., and proceeded on to Bremen after
transhipping mails, &c., for this port. She brought
36 passengers for Southampton and Havre, and
157 for Bremen, including Mr. Theodore Cauisius,
Urited States Consul for Austria; and Mr. H.
Boernstein, United States Consul for Bremen, with
their families.

The Asia, from Liverpool, arrived at New York
on the 29th; and the Arago, from Southampton,
was intercepted off Cape Race on the 30th.
The Bremen spoke the following vessels—Sept.
2, in lat. 43.30 N., long. 57.16 W., the steamship
Glasgow, for New York; Sept. 10, in lat. 49.37 N.,
long. 9.30 W., the English ship Cameron and the
American ship Black Sea, both steering west.
Washington news is interesting. " The vigorous
awakening of the Government," says the New York
Times—

" Seem to be continued. No passes are granted
to visit the rebel States. The enforcement of the
57th article of war is to be carried to the sweeping
extent of preventing the publication of any infor-
mation anywhere concerning the movements, pro-
cess of increase, condition, or location of the army.
No less than three members of the Cabinet will be
absent to-day (the 31st)—Messrs. Seward, Came-
ron, and Bates."

The same journal of the 24th ult. says—

" From Washington it is reported that the War
Department has strong evidence of the guilt of the
female traitors recently arrested. The Secretary
of the Treasury contemplates issuing an address in
behalf of the national loans. It is stated on the au-
thority of an army officer that at least 16 of the
enemy have been killed in skirmishing during the
past week. It is now alleged that the Treasury De-
partment is cleared out of aisloyal clerks, and that
many reported by Potter's Committee had been dis-
charged some time previous. The Navy Department
has received intelligence that the East India squad•
ron is en route for home; only one vessel will be
left on the station. It appears that the Secessionists
have been sending circulars inducing Southern
officers in the navy to enlist under the seven starred
flag. The Spanish Government has authorised the
Governor of Fernando Po to receive a cer-
tain number of slaves frAn the United States'
cruisers. The list of volunteer officers in the
navy, accepted from the New York and Bos-
ton offices, is given in full. The practice
of transferring land warrants in blank is to be
broken up—the name of the assignee must here-
after b inserted."

On the morning of the 29th the advanced posts
of the army of the Potomac, under General Richard-
son, had a skirmish with the pickets of the enemy
near Bailey's Cross-roads. The rebels were 200
strong, and the Union forces, though greatly infe-
rior in numbers, completely defeated them, killing
a large number and taking several prisoners. The
impression prevailed that the enemy intended there
ann then to provoke a battle, but for that time, at
least, the attempt failed (though it was probably
only a feint), as their pickets were driven back gal-
lantly by the Government. forces.
The rebels had erected a battery near Munson's-
hill, and were playing away with rifled cannon on
the building's at Bailey's Cross-roads. It was
thought, however, that this great activity on the
part of the enemy was only a feint to withdraw
attention from a movement of a large portion of
their forces towards the Upper Potomac, where
they intended to make a crossing into Maryland,
at some place near Point of Rocks, and trusting to
the insurrectionary spirit of that State, make a
stand there, where provisions were plentiful, and
thus place Washington between two rebel armies.
Is appeared evident that they eO,ll/1 ro* longer
maintain themselves in their position for want of
supplies, and it was confidently believed in Wash-
ington that a great battle must of necessity take
place within a few days.
The Journal of Commerce of the 24th ult. has
the following :
"Notwithstanding all the assurances given of
the safety of the capital it is in vain to deny that
in regard to this there is of late some uneasiness
in the public mind. To be sure, a very formidable
body of troops is ready to oppose any advance
on the part of the enemy, and under the
vigorous measures and strict discipline enforced by
General M'Clellan the United States army is ac-
quiring a high degree of efficiency. Our works are
numerous and strong, thickly interspersed along
the whole line of the Potomac for many miles. In
the neighbourhood of Washington especially the
preparations for defence are on such a scale of mag-
nitude that to attempt an assault with anything
less than a well-appointed army of the first class
would be the height of temerity and madness. Not-
withstanding all this, the evidence is positive that
the Confederate States are concentrating in Vir-
ginia a force which might prove overwhelming if
the Federal Government also were not making pro-
digious exertions to ensure its defeat. According
to the latent report, brought to Washington by a
gentleman just arrived from Richmond, via Louis-
ville, the rebel army in Virginia exceeds 300,000,
of whom 180,000 are on the south bank of the
Potomac. While it is possible this statement may
be exaggerated, General Scott is not likely, in
making his calculations for another movement, to
allow much on this score. The Federal Comman-
der-in-Chief is said to have expressed a belief that
an attack from the Confederate force was liable to
take place on short notice and at no distant day.
There are several circumstances which serve to
strengthen this supposition. Not the least signifi-
cant is the extraordinary rigour with which all the
army orders are enforced, especially those relating
to correspondence with the enemy—the communi-
cation of anything in regard to military movements
now being a capital offence. It is most remarkable
that this course was not adopted at a much earlier
day. Voluble correspondents of Northern news-
papers have been tolerated in the Federal camp up
to a recent day, almost without restriction, and it
augurs well for the cause that liberties of this sort
are permitted no longer. The battle of Bull's Run
took place July 21st, and the battle in Missouri,
resulting in the death of General Lyon, August
10th. So much time having elapsed there is a pre-
valent expectation that the country is on the eve
of another action, perhaps of a more decisive
character."

The remains of General Lyon was to arrive in
New York at half-past two o'clock, on the 31st ult.,
from Philadelphia. A military guard was to be
place over the remains at the City-hall, where they
would remain in state until the following Monday,
when they were to be removed under escort to
their final destination in lots native town.

A letter from St. Louis gives a melancholy
account of the condition of affairs in Missouri
" St. Louis, Aug. 27.
" We have very troublesome times here at pre-
sent. The city of St. Louis is under martial law,
and a great many persons are continually arrested
for treason against the Government. There are
about 60,000 troops here, and more are coming
every day. They are fortifying St. Louis with large
siege cannon and throwing up entrenchments,
working day and night. In addition to this large
wooden barracks are going to be erected to hold
50,000 soldiers. Since General Fremont has taken
command of this military department business is
conducted with despatch.
" When this war is over Missouri will be one vast
burying ground. The Confederates have an army
in this State of 70,000 troops. They have laid the
country waste; farmers are driven from their
homes because they are in favour of the Union;
they have to flee for their lives and leave everything
behind at the mercy of the rebels. A great many
of my friends were killed at the battle of Spring-
field, some in the Federal army, others among the
Secessionists.
" Jefferson Davis and that arch traitor Governor
Jackson having found out that they cannot take
Missouri out of the Union, are trying to lay the
whole State waste with their army. The stores
and private dwellings are stripped of everything
by the rebels; they pretend to pay for it in State
by Jackson, which are not worth one
ce brought upon
is what secession had
States
scripsni
sts.
o
in the Union."
,
uirsTish,uieosdnee one of the most prosperous
Despatches from lllinois, announce the
march
of a body of rebels, numbering some 3,000,
under General Martin Green, upon the town of
Palmyra, Missouri, on the morning of the 28th

ult., and inasmuch as there were no Union troops
stationed there they took quiet possession of the
place. It appears that a train of cars on the Han-
nibal and St, Joseph Railroad, carrying a quantity
of muskets for the troops stationed at St. Joseph,
while approaching Palmyra on the same day, was
fired into by the rebels, and immediately returned
without damage to Hannibal.
Details of the battle at Summerville, received by
Governor Dennison, of Ohio, represented the loss
of Colonel Tyler at 15 killed and 40 wounded. A
large number of the 7th Ohio Regiment were
scattered, but were expected to escape and rejoin
their regiment.
The surrender of Fort Fillmore, in Arizona, to
the Texan Secessionists, according to the Masilla
Times, proves to have been a most disgraceful and
cowardly, if not criminally dishonest proceeding.
It is stated that 11 companies of United States'
troops, mounted and foot, mustering 700 effective
men, surrendered to 280 Confederates four pieces.
of cannon, army equipments, 200 cavalry horses,
mules, and waggons, and 270 head of beef cattle.
One hundred thousand dollars in specie, which
the cashier of the branch of the Missouri State
Bank at Fayette sent to Allen depot on the North
N issouri Railroad for transportation to St. Louis,
had been ecized at the latter place by a small force
of Secessionists. Unlesa yae: succeeded in crossing
the Missouri River with the treasure it would be
recovered.

A gentleman who arrived at Washington on the
29th from Richmond, via Louisville, stated that
Manassas had been to a great extent abandoned, and
the main force of the army moved to the Upper
Potomac, where they intended to make a crossing,
take possession of Maryland, and thus surround
Washington and get possession of all the army
stores and munitions lying there. He represented
that the enthusiasm of the South knows no bounds
since v
Run,
the reconstruction
and that the people
there
thewe
rbattlee
e o nfiodf e
nto Bull's
victory,
the United States under a Southern Pret,ident,
and the permanent security and extension of the
institution of slavery.

The War Department at Washington had issued
an important order, prohibiting all communication
verbally, or by printing or telegraph, respecting the
operations of military movements, either by land or
sea, or relating to the troops, camps, arsenals, in-
trenchments or military affairs within any of the
military districts, by which information should be
given by the enemy, under the penalty prescribed
by the 57th Article of War, which is death, or such
other punishment as a court-martial shall impose.
The Post-office Department had ordered the car-
rying of the mails in several portions of Kentucky,
west of the Tennessee river, to be suspended in con-
sequence of the repeated violation of the same.

We (Herald) have the best authority for stating
that the rumours circulated in other quarters, to the
effect that our Minister to England, Mr. Adams, has
informed the State Department of the intention of
the English Government to recognise the Confede-
rate States immediately, have not a shadow of foun-
dation. On the contrary, the latest official infor-
mation is that England and the other great Powers
have determined to remain neutral until the close
of the war.

By order of the Secretary of the Treasury no
clearances of goods will in future be allowed for
Matamoros, Mexico. It was found that cargoes
shipped to that port, containing material calculated
to give aid and comfort to the rebels, could readily
be, and indeed had been, sent across the Texan
frontier without restriction.

The latest news from New Mexico was per Santa
Fe Express. The 750 United States' troops that
surrendered to the Texans had been released on
parole, the Texans retaining the horses of the
cavalry and the arms of the infantry. Col. Canby
had arrested Gen. W. Pelham and Col. Clemens at
Santa Fe, they bin suspected of furnishing infor.
mation to the Texan troops below El Paso. Col.
Clemens took the oath of allegiance and was dis-
charged, but Gen. Pelham refused. Col. Canby had
suspended the writ of habeas corpus in the territory,
and abandoned and burnt Fort Stanton.

Havannah, about the 15th of August, was visited
with severe rains, and on the 19th experienced a
slight shock of an earthquake. The Captain-General
had returned from St. Domingo much displeased at
the state of feeling there. It appeared that the
Dominicans were not pleased with the new regime.
The steamer Keystone State had called at Havannah
on her way, looking up the pirate Sumpter.

THE BRITISH .ASOCIATION FOR THE
ADVANCEMENT OF SCIENCE.

MANCHESTER, SEPT. 12.

The ordinary business of the association having
been brought to an end yesterday, one day more has
been devoted to a number of excursions in the neigh-
bourhood of Manchester to visit places of scientific
interest.

One of these was the Marston salt mine, near
Northwich, one of the largest and most remarkable
mines of the Cheshire Basin. The deposit, which
occupies a limited space in the Triassic series, exists
in more than one bed, alternating with coloured
marls and gypsum. The structure of the salt
masses is largely prismatic, the prism being verti-
cal. The salt is unequally mixed with marl, but
some of it is quite clean. At Northwich the bed of
rock salt now being worked is of considerable
thickness, and is overlaid by another salt bed of
inferior purity. Underneath, again, several salt
beds exist which are too thin to be worked. A
very large quantity of salt is obtained by evapora-
tion of the brine pumped up from the beds. Tire
annual salt manufacture of Cheshire is estimated at
1,500,000 tons.

There were also excursions to the great Man-
chester Waterworks at Woodhead ; to the glass
and chemical manufactories at St. Helen's ; and to
the ancient copper mines at Alderley-Edge. The
extraction of rich metallic ores at this place, after
having for a long period ceased, was resumed three
or four years ago. The approach is by a very
gentle cavernous descent, perfectly dry and clean,
which was well lighted for the convenience of the
visitors on this occasion. The lode of copper ore
in the sandstone is from 40ft. to 60ft. wide.
Another excursion was to the coal mines at
Dukinfield, called the Astley Pits. The visitors
were conducted by the engineer and manager of the
colliery, and were also accompanied by Professor
Phillips. They were shown the underground ma-
chinery, the mode of working the coal at an angle
of 32 deg., or nearly 2ft. per yard, and the cutting
from the Black Mine coal towards the Cannel
Mine. In the latter a salt spring was met with, at
a depth of 2,100 ft., in the carboniferous series. The
brine is said to have contained 4.50 grains per cent.
of chloride of sodium, 0.37 chloride of calcium, and
0.26 chloride of magnesium, or 7oz. of common salt
per gallon. These coalpits are understood to be
the deepest in Europe.
One of the most interesting excursions, not only
to geologists, but to the members generally, wet, to
the coal mines at Worsley, and also the gardens of
Worsley-hall, the seat of the Earl of Ellesmere. The
coal shafts at Worsley ate approached by a vast
network of subterranean canals. This, the first great
work of the Duke of Bridgewater, led to the subse-
quent formation of the Bridgewater Canal, and
hence, perhaps, may be regarded as the origin of
the whole canal system of the country.
The ladies and gentlemen who availed themselves
of the noble earl's hospitable invitation to Worsley
were favoured with fine weather, and the afternoon
was very agreeably spent in strolling through the
gardens, which are on a considerable elevation,
affording an extensive prospect. Refreshments were
provided beneath a small tent close to the hall, The
Worsley band of the Duke of Lancaster's Own Yeo-
manry and the band of the Light Dragoons per-
formed on the terraces. The Earl and Countess of
Ellesmere were present. Lord Derby is on a visit

at Worsley-hall, but is now unfortunately confined
to his room by indisposition.
With the pleasant excursions which have occu-
pied to-day the proceedings of the great scientific
congress of this year have come to a satisfactory
termination.

IRELAND.

~,,,,,,

Since Sir Abraham Bradley
LlKNi,ngTHeUnßteSrDt.akYin.
ed
George IV., 40 years age, in " the King's-room,"
built expressly for the purpose, the Mansion-house
never contained such an assembly as met there last
night, at the ball given by the Lord Mayor, in
honour of the Prince of Wales. The occasion was
a memorable one, as it was the second time that the
chief magistrate of Dublin had the honour of
entertaining a member of the Royal family, and
the first time that the Prince appeared at any
public festival in Ireland. His Royal Highness
having accepted the invitation of the Lord Mayor
to a ball and supper at the Mansion-house, 2,500
ladies and gentlemen were invited to meet him, and
nearly that number was present last night. For
weeks the most extensive and costly preparations
were made for the event. The result was most
gratifying. All who witnessed the scene presented
last night must admit that there is no exaggera-
tion in the glowing accounts given in the papers
this morning,--that for numbers and rank, and for
the splendour and magnificence of the hospitality
dispensed, there has never been anything to sur-
pass it in Ireland. The following description, which
I select for its brevity, does not exaggerate either
the character of the preparations or the general
effect :

" It is impossible to speak too highly of the un-
ceasing care and attention which have been devoted
for some weeks past to the arrangements for this
occasion. Everything which taste could suggest
and a lavish expenditure of money effect was done
by his Lordship to provide for the comfort of his
guests. The general supervision of the arrange-
ments was intrusted to Mr. John Martin, T.C.,
the courteous and able secretary of the Lord
Mayor, and to his activity and energy must be
attributed much of the success with which the ball
was attended. The arrangements and decorations
of the ball-room were carried out by Mr. Arthur
Jones, of Stephen's-green, under whose direc-
tion the Round-room was completely transformed,
and made to present an elegant and attractive
appearance. The walls were covered by a beauti-
ful chintz, the design being a drawing of the grace-
ful hop blossom, the tendrils of which, climbing
round a pillar, formed a handsome border. Eight
large mirrors were placed round the walls, and
contributed much to the general effect. A raised
dais, covered with crimson cloth, was placed oppo-
site
the entrance door, and was provided with a
variety of couches and easy chairs for the accom-
modation of the Prince of Wales, the Lord-Lieute-
nant, and other distinguished guests. A marble
vase filled with flowers stood at each side. The
dais was surmounted by a canopy, draped with
Utrecht velvet, and decorated with festoons of ex-
quisite Irish gold tissued poplins of various patterns,
trom the looms of Atkinson and Co., of College-
green, the eminent firm of which the Lord Mayor
is the principal. The pediment of the canopy sup-
ported the Royal Arms, above which there was
a brilliant star, and at either side the letters V.R.
were represented in cut glass. Flags displaying the
city arms were suspended from the balcony over
the dais, and a variety of other flags were displayed
around the gallery. Over the principal entrance
to the Ball-room (which as well as the door lead-
ing to the Supper-room was hung with a portiere of
crimson silk:damask) was placed the coat of arms
of his Excellency the Lord Lieutenant, with an
illuminated margin, and at each side,of it were two
of the most attractive features in the decoration of
the apartments—viz., the Prince of Wales's plume
and the Star of St. George, formed of glass prisms.
These were brought over specially from London,
and, combined with the other admirable arrange.
ments for the.lighting of the room, had a charming
effect. As the accepted invitations amounted to
nearly 2,500, it was found necessary to provide ad-
ditional accommodation for so large a number.
The entire suite of apartments was, therefore,
thrown open on this occasion, and the Oak-room,
in which supper has generally been served, was
appropriated to dancing. A temporary supper-
room was erected in the garden, running parallel
to the side wall of the Mansion-house, and 136 ft.
long by 20 wide. This room was very tastefully
decorated. It wag hung with various coloured
chintz, and well lighted by gas, the branches
springing from the columns that supported the
roof and which were fluted in blue and white. The
room terminated in a Turkish tent, arranged in an
elegant and graceful style. A supper table was
placed in the tent, at which the Lord Mai or re-
ceived the Prince of Wales, the Lord-Lieutenant,
and a circle of distinguished persons. The guests
commenced to arrive shortly after ten o'clock, and
poured in in a continued stream until an advanced
hour. Each lady on entering the ball-room was
presented with a card programme of the dances, on
the outer cover of which was a well-executed like-
ness of the Royal guest of the evening. About 11
o'clock H.R.H. the Prince of Wales, accompanied
by the Lord-Lieutenant, General Sir G. Browne,
Gen. Bruce, Col. Keppel, and other members of
their respective suites, arrived at the Mansion-
house, escorted by a troop of cavalry. from the Royal
Hospital, Kilmainham, where his Royal Highness
had dined with the Commander of the Foices. A
guard of honour was stationed at the Mansion-
house, over the door of which the words of
the old Irish greeting, " Cead Mille Failte,"
were displayed in illuminated characters. The
Royal party were received by the Lord Mayor,
and at once conducted to the Ball-room, the
band of the 15th Hussars, which with Kelly's string
band was stationed in the gallery, playing the
National Anthem. As the Prince, who on his arrival
was loudly cheered by an immense crowd which
assembled in Dawson street, passed through the
room to the dais, a murmur of applause rose from
the crowded assembly. Dancing was then com-
menced. His Royal Highness, who wore the uni-
form of an officer of the Guards, opened the ball by
dancing a quadrille with Lady Emily Peel, the
Lord-Lieutenant and Lady Barbara Leeson being
their vis-a-vis. Sir Robert Peel and Miss Lascelles,
Mr. Cockerell, A.D.C.. and Miss Williams danced
in the same set. Polka, waltz, and galop followed
in succession, and dancers and promenaders seemed
to enjoy themselves to the-utmost."
At one o'clock the Lord Mayor conducted the
Royal party to supper, after which the dancing was
resumed. His Royal Highness danced with the
Hon. Miss Lascelles, Lady Alice Hill, Miss Guin-
ness, and other ladies during the evening. He re-
tired at 3 o'clock amid loud cheers, the bands play-
ing the National Anthem. The dancing was kept
up till 4 o'clock, when the immense assembly sepa-
rated, all seeming to be in the highest degree
gratified at the noble manner in which the Lord
Mayor had sustained the character of the city for
hospitality. It is said that his expenditure during
the year will be £7,000, the income of the office
being only £2,000, and this is the second time he has
been unanimously elected to fill the civic chair.

FATAL ACCIDENT AT PIMLICO.—A melancholy
accident occurred on Wednesday night to Mr. Thos. Earle,
the extensive general contractor, carrying on business in
Castle-street, Long-acre. It appears that between six and
seven o'clock Mr. Earle was driving Mrs. Earle in a chaise
along the bank of the Thames, having just crossed the Chel-
sea new bridge, and was proceeding homewards, when, as
he reached the corner of Westmoreland-street, Grosvenor-
road, a dog started out into the road and barked furiously.
The horse shied, and dashed towards the palings which
protect the road from the river, and leaped at them as he
would have dane at a fence. The violence of his motion
threw Mr. and Mrs. Earle from their seats into the river,
but the chaise having become entangled in the palings the
horse could proceed no further. A person who witnessed
the occurrence jumped in, and a Waterman named Bone
brought his boat to the rescue. Assisted by other persons
Bone succeeded in getting Mrs. Earle out of the water, and
it was found that though muck excited and alarmed, she
had not sustained any very serious injuries. Bone had the
greatest difficulty in getting Mr. Earle out of the water, as
he was a corpulent heavy man. After many efforts Bone
succeeded in getting him into his boat, and he was imme-
diately conveyed to the Stanley Arms, where four medical
gentlemen visited him. Before their arrival, however, he
expired, and it was found that he had received a severe
wound on the head by a kick of the horse, inflicted, no
doubt, as he was falling from the chaise. His clothes were
torn and his thighs pierced and lacerated by the sharp
points of the palings. The horse was but slightly in-
jured,