The Sun.
London, England, 1861-05-02 00:00:00

THE UNITED STATES' ARMY.

The present strength of the army is 18,112
men. It consists of 19 regiments-10 regiments of
infantry, averaging 10 companies of 70 men each ;
four of artillery, averaging 12 companies of
about 50 men each ; one of mounted rifles,
two of cavalry, and two of dragoons—each of
the latter numbering 10 companies of about 60
men ; or about 198 companies in all. Of these,
notwithstanding the excitement created by the
concentration of about half a regiment at the na-
tional capital, over 160 companies are stationed in
the distant regions of Key West, Kansas, Utah,
Texas, New Mexico, California, Oregon, and other
places. Regiments* serving on those stations have
74 men to a company, instead of 64, so that wereoi.
the entire army located in them it would consistt
It
17,549, " total enlisted," and 1,886 aggrega
is impossible to estimate accurately the number of
I list, de-
officers now in the service, as
ducting the resignations, has beenEpublished. There
mission gazetted,
have been, however, some I,2oocoau
lotted gentlemen
and there must be over 1,00 Oep
it, has a certain num-
ber on the roll. Each regimentwhich varies
ber of officers allotted toThe dragoons, for ac_
--
cording to circumstances.hv two regiments, number-
stance, of whom we
have 1 colonel, 1 lieutenant-
ing each about 600
colonel, 2 majors, 10 captains, ll first lieutenants
and ,
.
12 second lieutenants-74 officers all told ; the
two regiments of cavalry (600 men), 1 colonel, 1
lieutenant-colonel, 2 majors, 10 captains, and 22
lieutenants-68 in all ; the mounted rifle regiment,
the, same number of men and general staff, and 23
lieutenants-37 in all ; the four regiments of artil-
lery (each about 700 men), 4 general officers, 12
captains, and 38 lieutenants-216 in all ; the 10
regiments of infantry (each 700 men), 4 general
officers, 10 captains, and 20 lieutenants; and so on.
—Arm York Irmo.

Ili tiV SPAPt\
IZOTAL EaRTICUTURA
.IZ
The anniversary meeting was •
n the Council-chamber, South Kensinten, Yierl s
)ucie in the chair, and among those present were
fiord Llanoveri the Bishop of Winchester, Colonel
liggins, Mr. IT. M. 'Hope, and the Hon. T. F.
.ennedy. The report stated that, as the comple-
_ion of the works connected with the new garden
was not contemplated at so early a date as the
sresent anniversary, the Council believed that the
sterests of the society had not suffered at their
sands. In the report last year the Council said
.hat "that they hoped and believed that, in the
.bsence of unforeseen obstacles, the garden would
le for the most part completed by Midsummer in
leyst year;" and the present Council trusted that
ley would he able to fulfil the anticipation so held
)ut, notwithstanding that they had had to con-
ticl with formidable obstacles arising from cit.-
Imstances wholly beyond their contra or antici-
lation. Notwithstanding, the Council felt bound
open the gardens on the sth of June. It would
a matter for consideration whether 'after the
irmal and ceremonial opening and great show on
e sth and 6th of June the gardens should not be
sain closed for a short period for the finishing
of the works. The expenses had been, and, to
complete the works, must be, great, and the Coun-
cil found it necessary' to apply for authority to
raise by debentures a sum of £lO,OOO, in addition
to filet of £lO,OOO, which was already sanctioned
by the society. This authority was granted by the
Fellows at a special meeting held on the 19th of
April, and such was the feeling entertained of the
prospects of the society, that in less than a fort-
night more than double the sum required was
offered, although tine loan was never advertised
for. The Council, under the agreement with her
Majesty's Commissioners for tke Exhibition of
1851, and the other arrangements of the society,
found it necessary to apply for a new charter.
This had been for some time in preparation.
and it was expected to pass the Great Seal within
a few days. The ordinary working of the society
had been going on satisfactorily during the last
12 months. Several ballots for seeds and plants
had taken place. The confining the ordinary dis-
tribution of flower and vegetable seeds to those who
apply for them was acknowledged to be a proper.
regulation. By devoting the large conservatory at ,
Chiswick to the cultivation of vines an admirable
colleetion of the best kinds had been secured, from
which the inferior sorts, wei e being by degiess eli-
minated, and a very large number of cuttings of the
now recognised best sorts, and of other fruit trees,
had been distributed. It was intended to send a
collection to an interesting district in South Brazil,
and they had already made an arrangement with
a collector, who was in South Africa, to collect and
transmit seeds and plants to this country. In con-
clusion, the Council expressed their gratitude to the
Queen and to the Prince Consort for the interest
they had taken in the society. The balance sheet
showed that the total receipts on the Kensington
Gore account had been £40,666 Cs. 3d. ; the expen-
diture (including £22,068 ss. 2d. invested), less that
sum by £3,519 15s. 3d. The Chiswick general
account showed receipts .£4,974 13s. 3d., and ex-
penditure £4,585 17s. 6d., leaving a balance of £3BB
15s. 9d. The chairman having congratulated the •
meeting upon the present satisfactory position of
the society, said he had no doubt but that the
flower show would be held in the great conserva-
tory on the sth of June. Rapid progress was being
made in that building, but if it was not completed
by the.time, there would be plenty of room in the
colonnade. A series of flower shows would be held
during the year. Her Majesty would be unable to
open the grounds on the sth of June, but Prince
Albert and other members of the Royal family
would be theres On the motion of Lord Grey,
the report was adopted, the Council were elected,
and the proceedings terminated with a vote of
thanks •to the chairman.

YHE RUSSIANS ON THE AMOOR.

The Journal de St. Petersburg publishes the fol-
lowing treaty between Russia and China :

The great empire of Russia, and on its part the
Governor-General of Eastern Siberia, the aide-de-
camp general of his Majesty the Emperor Alexan-
der Nicolaiewitch, the Lieutenant-General Nicolas
Mouravieff, and the great Ta-Tsing empire, and on
its part the Aide-de-camp General Prince I. Chan,
grandee of the court, commander-in-chief on the
Amoor, wishing to establish an eternal and more
intimate friendship between the two empires, and
in the interest of the respective subjects, have
agreed to settle :
1. The left bank of the river Amoor, from
the river Arg- Roun to the mouth of the
Amour, shall belong to the empire of Russia, and
its right bank down the stream as far as the river
Oussouri, shall belong to the Ta-Tsing empire ; the
territories and places situated between the river
Oussouri and the sea, as at present, shall be pos-
sessed in common by the Ta-Tsing empire and the
Russian empire, until the fi ontier between the two
states shall be regulated in that quarter. The navi-
gation of the Amoor, of the Soungari, and of the
Oussouri, is permitted only to vessels of the Ta-
Tsin g empire and of Russia ; the navigation of these
rivers will be forbidden to the vessels of every other
state. The Mantehou inhabitants established on the
left bank of the Amoor, from the River Zeia to the
village of Hermoldzin to the South, shall preserve
in perpetuity the places of their former habitation,
under the administration of the Mantchou govern-
ment, and the Russian inhabitants shall not be per-
mitted to offer them any offence or annoyance.
2. In the interest of the good mutual under-
standing of the respective subjects it is permitted
to the inhabitants dwelling on the banks of the
Oussouri, the Amoor, and the Soungari, subjects
of either empire, to trade with each other, and the
authorities are bound to protect reciprocally the
traders on both banks.

3. The stipulations agreed to by the plenipo-
tentiary of the Russian empire, the Governor-
General Mouravieff, and the Commander-in-Chief
on the Amoor, I. Chan, and plenipotentiary of the
Ta-Tsing empire, shall be accurately and inviolably
executed in perpetuity. For this purpose the
Governor-General Mouravieff, for the empire of
Russia, has sent a copy of the present treaty,
written in the Russian and Mantchou languages,
to the Commander-in-Chief, Prince I. Chan, for
the empire of Ta-Tsing ; and the Commander-in-
Chief, Prince 1 Chan, for the Ta-Tsing empire, has
sent a copy of the present treaty in the Mantchou
and Mongelian languages to the Governor-General
Mouravieff, for the empire of Russia. All the sti-
pulations of the present treaty will be published for
the information of the inhabitants on the frontier
of the two empires.
May 16, 1858, Town of Aighoun.

THEATRE-ItOYA.L, HAYMARKET.
.Les,ce, Mr. J. 11 Buokstone. -
THIS EVENING, the performances will commence with
a new and original Comedy, entitled BLACK SHEEP.
Mr. Buckstone, Ur. Compton, Mr. Howe, (to. ; Mrs. Wilkins,
Mrs. Charles Younf.;, Miss Lovell, &c.
Alter which, will be revived, with entirely new scenery
efts, and all the original music by the late Sir Henry
and
Bhopfec, the melodrama of THE
en Mat ILLER AND HIS MEN.
Commence 7.

RO YAL PRINCESS'S
Lessee and Manager, Mr. A. Hartle.
THIS EVENING, RUY BLAS. Mr. Fechter.
After which, Three Scenes from the Drama of LUKE
THE LABOURER. Philip, Mr. T. P. Cooke.
Followed by GRIMSHAW, BAGSHAW, and BRAD-
SHAW. Mr. Buckstone.

NEW THEATRE-ROYAL, ADELPHI.-
Sole Proprietor and Manager, Mr. E. Webster.
Reproduction of "The Colleen Bawn. " The Adelphi
" Census " every Evening.
-1-WTEVENING, 4tk time of a new Farce, entitled A
TURKISH BATH. Mr. J. L. Toole, Mr. P. Bedford.
After which (111th time), THE COLLEEN BAWN. Mr.
D. Rouoicault, D. fisher, Billington, Falconer, Stephenson,
C. J. Smith, Romer, Howard, Ward ; Mrs. Boucicault, Miss
Woolgar, Mrs. Billington, and Mrs. Chatterley.
To be followed by a new apropos Sketch, THE CENSUS.
Messrs. J. L. Toole, Eburne, Romer, C. J. Smith ; Miss
Kate Kelly, Miss E. Thorne, and Mrs. Chatterley.
Doors open at half past I—Commenee at 7.

CANTERBURY-MALL CONCERTS!!
Westminster-road.

Proprietor... C Morton.
A. Grand Selection from Verdi's new °per"'

IL COBSABO, any other
(This opera has never been produced in this wi
e or t: that de-
country, except at these Concerto), having .0 toular works of
cided success which charactise i the nut,.otX, t EvENING ;
this great Master, will be performed REGGl-
together with a Selection from LA jet
MENTO, by Donizetti,
~“ eu. Madame Maria, Miss
Principal Artistes—Miss flnr-'lTivoli, H. Drummond, and
Tyrrell, Mr. H. Herbert, SV.,-*.. joughmans.
C. W. Bernard. Director, .1"-- rises Messrs. E. Marshall, A.
t comP
The Comic Depart $n chard, F. Bell, W. H. Welland, and
B. Hollingsworth, J. ill"'
the Brothers Conrad.
c celebrated Pictures will remain on
John Martin's
view a short tisjohlonger in the Fine Arts Gallery of the
Establishment- ----

WATER AT LONDON BRIDGE.
Tuts DAY —Morning, 7h. 28m.—Afternoon, Bh. 4m.
To-raounow.-Morning, ' Bh. 44m.—Afternoon, 9h. 28m.

1 THE WEATHEit.—Svx OFFICE, MAY 2, Issl,
THERMOMETER, IN THE SHADE.
Cl—highest since noon yesterday.
42—lowest this morning and during the night.
58—this day at noon.

BAnomran-30.32.
WlND—Northerly—rather fresh ; with fine weather, bul
dimly. . •

LONDON, THURSDAY, MAY 2, 1861.

By a coincidence—simply by a coincidence—the
"Earl of DERBY was yesterday afforded a rather
conspicuous opportunity for enunciating the opinions
of his party, upon the very eve of that important
discussion in the House of Commons, during
which there is to be brought under the considera-
tion of our popular representatives an alternative
that may be accurately designated "the turning
point" of the present session of Parliament.
It is simply, as weohave intimated, the result
of the merest casualty that the Leader of the
Opposition has been afforded, by means of a purely
accidental conjunction of dates, altogether beyond
anyone's calculation, this, for him and his followers,
most timely opportunity—the opportunity of
issuing to the public at large a Political
Manifesto, upon the very eve of a great
Party struggle between the Government and
the Opposition. That Lord DERBY availed
himself of t his opportunity and availed himself
of it moreover to the full, is, of course, not for a
single instant to be wondered at. It fortunately for
the Conservatives so happened, that one of the
most devoted members of their great aggregate in
the House of Commons occupies this year the civic
chair as London's Chief Magistrate. It fortunately
for them so happened, that—in regard to their
Political Chief, and in regard to themselves,
martialled as they are under the banner of the
great Tory Earl's Lieutenant, the Right Hon.
gentleman the member for Buckinghamshire—the
Lord Mayor (CUBITT) was "on hospitable cares
intent," was there in the banquetting hall of his
city palace, the Mansion House, welcoming them
as his honoured guests upon—of all days
in the session !—the evening of the Second of
May : otherwise, as we have said upon the eve
of the very .day fixed for the application
of that Test of the Strength of Parties
in the House of Commons, the Amendment in
respect to the diminution of the war tax upon Tea,
about to be introduced in Committee of Ways and
Means by the hon. gentleman the member for the
great commercial constituency of Liverpool.
It was in another way also for theßonservative

party, for the more devoted partizans of the Tory
Opposition, a coincidence of r,o very disagreeable

character in its way, that the festive welcome

accorded to their leaders yesterday by the Chief
Magistrate of London, took place upon that for
theta this session red-letter week-day—a Wednes-
day ! And upon that Wednesday of all the Tory

Wednesdays in the session which witnessed
what Mr. DISRAELI himself spoke of last night
as one that had witnessed the defeat of what he
said he believed to be the last of the series of mea-
sures successfully opposed [in antagonism to the

covert or avowed support of her MAJESTY'S Go-
vernment] by her MAJESTY'S Opposition. Lord
DERBY had previously taken occasion to refer

exultingly, amidst the sympathetic cheers of his
audience last night assembled in the Mansion
House, to the triumphs achieved by his party
during the past three months of the present ses-
sion, " Wednesday after Wednesday." Mr.
DISRAELI did not, however, content himself with
a mere cursory allusion to what is naturally enough

a matter of immense satisfaction to himself as head
in the House of Commons of the great body
of the Conservatives, or, as they now love
to call themselves the Great Constitutional
party of the Opposition. Referring to those Wed-
nesday successes achieved by himself and his sup-
porters of late so very frequently—successes which
had been incidently mentioned as a matter of
atat'lation to the Conservatives by the noble earl
their leader
•
, Mr. DISRAELI particularized some of
their more
striking peculiarities.
measures, brought He said "Those
forward at moments when im-
portant business is not accustomed to be introduced
to the consideration of the Rouse, and not under
the patronage of the Ministry, b,
out of doors the attention which
not commanded
if fortunately
commanded within the walls of rt they
parliament. All
those measures in full Houses, after full and free
discussion, have been signally and ignotninlislY
defeated by the tact, discipline, and unflagging
zeal of the Constitutional party in the House of
Commons. My lord, I must say that these impor-
tant Parliamentary transactions have been charac-
terised by one remarkable trait. Although none of
these measures—systematically assailing the consti-
tution of the Church and State, systematically
attempting to change the disposition and distribu-
tion of power in England—although none of those

measures has been brought forward by the Govern-
ment, every one of them have been supported by
it, and in a manner most peculiar and most unusual.
Sometimes the Government have spoken for these
measures, and voted against them. Sometimes, on
the contrary, they have spoken against these mea-
sures, and voted for them. This is a process that
Imo now been pursued for several months; and to.

40It, AO; M 4
40
E'T • o
t. 1)2:01 r

THE SUN.