The Sun.
London, England, 1857-05-01 00:00:00

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Sold by them and by Chenilsts and Perfumers,

THE _LATE DUCHESS OF GLOUCESTER.

(From the Daily News.)
The death of the last of the fifteen children of
George 111. carries back all minds over a large
space of time, and would create a historical interest

in connecfori with the cleat?' of the Duchess of

Gloucester, if there had ben much less than there s

of personal interest attending the character of tt e

am•able princess who has just departed. Her birtl.
and her tile by marri.ige, recall some associations
which it may be useful t) revive, under the altered

eircumatances of a new century and generation. The
_ _

disc ntents which exis'ed for a tim© between the
father and th© father-in-law of the dec.:rased Prin-

cess produced consequences on h. r life—and that 01
most (f her family—and on mnra's and wel-

fi!e; which ought riot to- be I-Orgotten in a review cif

her character and position, and wh'e'l are not yet
over in rtg-=rd to the existing genera'ion.
George ILL married, in 1761, the Princess Char-
ktte of Me3kleuburg-Strelitz. He was not satis-
fied with pleasing himself in his own marriage, but
fully expected that his brotb.,ra would please, not
themselves, but him, in their marriages. They
did.nOt do so ; and when he was a sober married
man, with half-a-dozen children, he was excessively

scandalised at t‘le discovery that the Duke of Cum-
berland had married • Mrs. Horton, and the Duke
cf Gloucester the Countess Dowager of Waldegrave.
There wt re immediate political consequences arising
from the family quarrel—the Opposition finding
!heir s; it and forces at once revived ; but a more

permanent, and far wore serious, consequence waq,
that the Royal Marriage Act was devised by the

King, and carried through Parl'annent with a Ugh

hand, in the midst of pilitests and remonstrances
from Burk(3, Lords Camden and Rockingham, and
others, and many firebodings of the mischief it

would cause.

Under thjs Act no descendant of

Ge-,rge 11. could marry under the age of 25 with

out the King's consent; nor after that ago other
wisp than after applying to the Privy Council (in
case of the Sovereign's disapprobation), and wait-
ing a year to s-e whether either House of PaTl;a-
-uaetit would address the,King against the marriage
—which, in that case, could not take place. It was
too lab now, htppily, b overthrow the Duke of
Gloucester's marriage, which had taken place five

years before. It was d, elare4l at court in the
autumn of 1772, the same year tint the Royal Mar-

riage Act passed. The fanaticism of the German
Queen for royal quarterings, which even exceeded
the passion of the King for prerogative, war ne-
ceFsarily mortified this time ; but both were re-
solved that it should- be the last. Their children
should marry royalty, or not marry at all. They
never doubted whether they could enforce thcir
decision when once they had the law on their s:cle.
Certain other, prior, and greater laws of human
nature they made no account of.
After the birth of two daughters, the disconnte-
naneed pair had a son, who remained the only one.
He was born at Rome on the 15th of January,
1776; and all the English in Rome were preselit
at his baptism, the next month. On the 25th of
the following April was born the 11th chid of
George Princess Mary, who was to be the
wife of the little Cousin at Rome. The event was
signalised by arather remarkabl- address presented
(on the day of the baptism) by the Lord Mayor and
Corp sr.tion of London—an address which contained
a sermonon laws, liberties, and theglorious Revolu-
tion, which did not seem to have much to do with
the infant princess, and which got a very short
answer from. the King. That was the time when
the Americans were preparing their Declaration of
Independence, which was promulgated on the 4:h
of the next July ; and when M. Necker was put at
the head of French finance—a time at which King
George did not want to hear anything about liberties
and revolutions,- and when accordingly all manner
of people were seizing every opportunity of preach-
ing to him about them.
During the long course of years in which many of
the other members of the family were involved in the
penalties and perplexities of their rank, with regard
to love and marriage, it was believed that the Prin-
ces Mary and her cousin, the Duke of Gloucester,
were attached. :She was interested in his Cambridge
life (his education being finished there) ; and she
gloried in his receiving the General's thanks in the
field, when he was fighting in Flanders, so early as
1794. He proved himself both' a gallant and able
soldier, and really won his rank—which rose to that
of field-marshal in 1816. When the young people
were one-and-twenty the princess Charlotte was
born ; and as it soon became understood that there
would be no heir apparent if the Princess of Wales
lived, the necessity was admitted of keeping
the Duke of Gloucester single, to marry the pre-
sumptive heiress of the throne, in case of DO eli-
gible foreign prince appearing for that function.
For twenty of their best years the Duke and. the
Princess were kept waiting, during which interval
(in the year 1805) he succeeded to his title on his
father's death. Everybody liked and loved the
Princess Mary, who was a pattern of duty and
sweetness through all the family trials she had to
witness and share in ; and the Duke, though not a
man of much political ability, was in that part of
his life a Whig, and on the generous and liberal
side of almost every question. We are obliged to
say " almost," because he supported with bis whole
force the exclusion of Dissenters from the Univer-
sities, when he was Chancellor of the University of
Cambridge, after the death of the Duke of Grafton.
Oa the anti-slavery question be was as earnest in
his own way as Wilberforce in his, and kind and
helpful in all matters of charity that came before
ltonsilly tells us a curious thing of him—
that be volunteered, in a tete-a-tete with Sir S.
Romilly, his declaration that Queen Caroline was
innocent, and that her accusers were perjured. He
latterly became a Tory ; birt, for the greater part
of his life, the same genal spirit of ratify and
personal unassumingness distingu'shed him and
the Princess Mary. As for her, she pleased old
and. young alike. Lord Eldon used to tell with
delight a ioke of Queeu Charlotte's---about, the lad