The Sun.
London, England, 1861-12-10 00:00:00

THE SUN, LONDON, lIJEsDAY EVENING, DECEIVIBER 10, 1861:

PUBLICATIONS.

Now ready at all the Libraries, in 3 vols.,
THE LAST OF THE MORTIMERS,
By the Author of

"Margaret Maitland," "The louse on the Moor," &e.

"A first-rate novel—brilliant, vigorous, and tascinatinc.
in which amusement and instruction are combined."—Sun
Hurst and Blackett, 13, Great Marlborough-street.

Now ready, with Portrait and numerous Illustrations,
THE OKAVANGO RIVER : A Narrative of
Travel, Exploration, and Adventure. By CIIARLES
JOHN ANDERSSON, Author of "Lake Ngami."

"This book will please alike the traveller, the sportsman
and the student of natural history."—Post.
Hurst and Blackett, 13, Great Marlborough-street.

This Day, Foolscap Bvo., price 55.,

MARTHA BROWN, THE HEIRESS, A
Talc. By the Author of "Dorothy."
London : Parker, Son, and Bourn, West Strand.

This Day, Post Bvo., price 10b. 6d.,
THE YOUNG STEPMOTHER ; OR, A
CHRONICLE OP MISTAKES. By the Author of
"The Heir of ltedclyffe."
London : Parker, Son, and Bourn, West Strand.

HiEC EST PARVA DOMUS NATUS QUA
MAGNUS ERASMUS.

For the strange but true story of that ereat Scholar's Birth
and ParentaoT, see " THE CL, )ISTER AND THE
HEARTH," by CHARLES READE, the Third Edition of
which is Just Published.

Trubner and Co., CO, Paternoster-row.

Price One Shilling, or Post Free for Thirteen Stamps,
TNDIAN RAILWAY AND INDUS FLOTILLA
-1- GUARANTEES EXAMINED AND FOUND TO BE
DELUSIVE ; with extracts from the Official Contracts.
Third Edition, with an Introduction, containing a Corres-
pondence of ➢lr. W. I'. ANDREW with the Author, and Re-
plies to Mr. W. P. ANDREW, and Mr. THOMAS WATT. By
JAMES MALLS. W. Wilson and Co., 103, Cheapside.

Price 6d., or post free for 7 stamps,
UNSOUNDNESS OF INDIAN GUARAN.
TEES, shown in a Letter to Minna, SLAUGHTER,
Esq., Secretary of the Stock Exchange, London.

By H. TEMPLE HUMPHREYS.
Tallant and Co., 5, Ave 31aria-lane.

ON TUESDAY EVENING, the 10th inst., there
will be published a SECOND EDITION of THOR-
LEY'S AGRICULTURAL GLEANER, containing a full
and elaborate report of the BAKER-STREET BAZAAR
SHOW in London, and SMITHFIELD FAT CATTLE
SHOW in Leeds, including the Winners, and how they did
win, stating the food they were fed upon, &c. &c. THOR-
LEY'S GLEANER is the only true and faithful reporter on
Agricultural Matters in London.—PßlCE ONE PENNY;
Post-free for Two Stamps, or Two Papers for Threepence.
Published by JOSEPH THORLEY. Newgate-street, City.
Address, Thorley's Steam Printing Works, Caledonian-road,
King's-cross, London ; or order through any Newsyendor.

THE PRESENT DISTRESS IN TRADE
fully explained in J. GROSSMITH'S

" GOVERNMENT UPON FIRST PRINCIPLES."
The cause is there predicated of the monetary difficulties CF.
perienced in 1860. The Crisis is at hand. Anxiety in busi-
ness has now become the grim torture. Purity of motive.
intelligently exercised, must animate all Governments, or all
is lost, All denominations of Constitutions are carefully
examined in J. Grossmith's "Government upon First Prin-
ciples."

TEA--STRACHAN and CO.'S Strong Rough
" Domestic" Black at 3s. per lb.-26, Cornhill,
London, E.C.

TEA.—STRACHAN and CO.'S Fine " Inter-
mediate " Black at 3s. Bd. per lb.-28, Cornhill, Lon-
don, E.C.

T"._ STRACHAN and CO.'S Delicious
" Drawing Room " Black at 4s. 2d. per lb.-26, Corn-
hill, London, E.C.
Dr. Ilassall's Certificate of Purity, and a Pri:e Current
free on application, 26, Cornhill, London, E.C.

TOOTHACHE.--HOWARD'S ENAMEL, for
stopping decayed teeth, however large the cavity. It
is used in a soft state, without pressure or pain, and hardens
into a white enamel. It remains in the tooth many years,
rendering extraction unnecessary and arresting the decay.
Directions for use enclosed. Sold by all chemists and medi-
cine vendors, Price ls,

ATTLE SHOW.- COTTAM'S STABLE
FITTINGS.—Stands 941 to 950.—Visitors are referred
to the above, and also invited to inspect Cottam and Co.'s
Warerooms, only a short distance from the Show (Winsley-
street being near to Regent-circus, Oxford-street, and is the
street opposite the Pantheon\ where an extensive range of
full-sized Stalls, Loose Boxes, Harness Rooms, &c.. are fitted
up, showing the arrangements of all Cottam's Patent Im-
provements, &c. COTTAM and CO.'s only address in Lon-
don is 2, Wlnsley-street, Oxford-street,W. (N.B.—Winsiey_
street is the street opposite the Pantheon).

Q PRIZES, amounting in value to upwards
J(..) of £3,000, have been awarded during the present
year 1861, to CATTLE fed on FOOD seasoned with THOR-
LEY'S CONDIMENT. See Reports and Testimonials from
Noblemen and most of our first-class Agriculturists through-
out the World—sent Post-free on application. A Barrel,
containing 448 Feeds, Carriage Paid to any Rail Station in
the United Kingdom on receipt of Post-office Order for 405.,
made payaable to the Inventor. JOSEPH THORLEY, New-
gate-street, City. Address, Steam Mills, Caledonlan-road,
King's -cross, London.

Ico CHRISTMAS GIFT is more valuable
than 0 LDRIDG S BALM OF COLUMBIA,
which has been established upwards of 30 years. It is the best
and only certain remedy ever discovered for preserving,
strengthening, be tutifyinly„ or restoring the hair, whiskers,
or moustache, and preventing- them turning grey. Sold in
bottles, 3s. 6d., 65., and lis., by C. and A. OLDRIDGE, 22,
Wellington-street, Strand, London, W.C., and all chemists
and perfumers. For childrens' and ladies' hair it is most
efficacious and unrivalled.

MR. AND MRS. CHARLES MATHEWS
" HOME,"
At Her Majesty's Concert Room, Haymarket,
Every Evening at Eight o'clock (except Saturday).
Morning representations Wednesday and Saturday at Three.
Private boxes, stalls, and places may be secured at the Box-
office, which is open daily from 10 till 5, and at Mr. Mitchell's
Royal Library, 33, Old Bond-street. No extra charge for
booking.

Carriages to be ordered at a quarter-past 10. To prevent
the crush at the entrances an additional door is opened for
the Pit.

IVR. ROBIN, the FRENCH WIZARD, at the
-I- EGYPTIAN BILL, EVERY EVENING at Eight
(Saturday excepted), and Wednesday and Saturday After-
noon at half-past 2.

Admission,
Is. and 2s. Reserved dress stall chairs, 3s.
balcony ss.
Tickets at Mr. Mitchell's, 31, Old Bond-street ; at the Hal
from 11 to I ; and at the principal Libraries.

A.RGYLL ROOMS.—GREAT SUCCESS !!
The Band and Musical arrangements under the direc-
tion of M. BOULCORT, Conductor and principal Cornet. In
addition to the Laurent Valse, Strauss 2uadrille, and novel-
ties of last weak, A NEW POLKA., by M. Boulcourt, the
Solos performed by him and M. Greebe. Admission Is.
Manager, M. P. Grenet.

fl A TTLE SHOW WEEK.- SMITHFIELD
vv CLUB.—EVANS' HOTEL and SUPPER ROOMS.—
The annual meeting of Country Gentlemen will take place
in the above establishment ; ever their home. An enlarged
and liberal entertainment, suitable to the well known re-
spectability of this institution. Forty Performers every
Evening. Commencing at Eight. Admittance, is.

INTERNATIONAL EXHIBITION, 1862,-
REFRESHMENT DEPARTMENT.—Messrs. DIOR-
RISH and SANDERS, Contractors for Western Area, re-
quest that all communications respecting the above may be
addressed to their office, Messrs. Burton and Co.'s Advertis-
ing Agency, 2, Whitcfriars-street, Fleet-street, under cover
to Mr. Ferrar.

while his manners, his accomplishments, and
his knowledge of society, as well as his modera-
tion of opinion in reference to the merits of other
systems of government, were well suited for a
foreign mission. Mr. Slidell, whom I had the
pleasure of meeting in New Orleans, is a man of
more tact, and is not inferior to his colleague in
other respects. He far excels him in subtlety and
depth, and is one of the most consummate masters
of political manoeuvres in the States. He is what
is called here a " wire-puller"—a man who unseen
moves the puppets on the public stage as he lists—
a man of iron will and strong passions—who loves
the excitement of combinations, and who in his
dungeon, cr whatever else it may be, would con-
spire with the mice against the cat sooner than not
conspire at all. It struck me that he was living
sullenly apart from Montgomery, waiting to be called
in when I saw him, and I have no doubt Mr. Davis
selected him with alacrity for the post which he
was so well adapted to fill. Originally a Northern
man, he has thrown himself into the Southern
cause, and staked his great fortune on the issue with-
out hesitation, and with all the force of his intellect
and character. But even he believed that England
must break the blockake for cotton. Little did he
think then how prominent his name would become
in reference to the relations between his own coun-
try and Great Britain. It is not too much to say the
North gloats over the capture of these two men, and
would consider it an equivalent for Leesburg or
Columbus. Their hauteur, skill, and resolution
have made them many enemies, and personal anti-
paties of the strongest kind exist between them and
some of those who now have them in their hands.
The creation of a precedent founded on what ap-
pears to me to be an outrage on the comity of na-
tions and on the privileges of neutrals is not more
dangerous than submission to a wrong without re-
dress or apology, in order to avoid a quarrel with
a Power friendly as far as treaty goes, if not in sen-
timent.
The secret Secession organ of New York is play-
ing the game of the Confederates by exciting as far
as it has any influence, the ignorant masses against
England in reference to the Mason and Slidell arrest,
and in shouting out for a war with her sooner than
submit to the indignity of doing justice. The poor
Jack Pudding, in his fear of detection, is holding on
by the skirts of the Secretary of State, and his cry
is, " Seward and I are quite agreed:on this! Seward
is my man, and lam Seward's man. Here we are to-
gether. His programme is this—We ask no favours
from England ; wesimply demand justice, and if she
will not yield that, we will fight her as we did be-
fore. If she will not listen to words then let us try
what virtue there is in cannon balls." It is a melan-
choly exhibition—degrading to the people who tole-
rate it and only offensive because the Americans do
not publicly repudiate, as they do privately, such pu-
ling braggadocio. When Mr. Seward permits his
name to be used in such a manner, and when the
White House is the headquarters of people who are
supposed to exercise influence over the " organ"
and the inmates of the House, there is colour for the
supposition that these miserable insults are not dis-
tasteful to persons who ought to shrink at all events
from the discreditable association of those who offer
them.

It is most extraordinary that, in matters deeply
affecting the object for which they are contending,
the North will ignore studiously and completely
the merits of the case in which so much is involved.
One would think that Mr. Everett might pause
before he cited the case of the Caroline or the
arrest of Mr. Laurens as cases in point, and that
writers in a respectable paper like the New York
Times, by the very magnitude of the issue, would
be restrained from engaging in the puerilities which
form the staple of their articles on the arrest of
Messrs. Slidell and Mason, notably in their publi-
cation of Friday (November 22). Their arguments
go on the assumption that they arc " at war" with
the Confederate States, and that England has been
notified of the fact. It is notorious, on the contrary,
that the Government of the United States has
resisted and resented the idea that it is "at war,"
and has insisted that it is blockading its own ports,
having abandoned an absurd pretence of levying
duties outside which it was authorised by Congress
to do. When did the Government of Washington
declare war ? Was not Great Britain menaced and
affronted because she granted to the seceded States
belligerent rights limited in degree?
" A neutral," says Wheaton, " is the common
friend of both parties, and consequently is not at
liberty to favour one party to the detriment of the
other." If that be so, henceforth, according to the
new practice of the United States' Government, we
are bound to carry no more despatches to Mr.
Adams, and to permit no messenger, envoy, ambas-
sador, or despatch in the service of the United
States to go in any of our ships to Europe, and
supposing the doctrine of the United States to be
true, we ought to take that course. We have assumed
a neutral character between the Northern States and
the seceded States ; to the latter we have conceded
a position vested with belligerent rights. "A
neutral has nothing to do with the justice or in-
justice of the war." Granted that by the conces-
sion Great Britain gave an excuse for the exercise
of the right of search which the Americans claim as
a belligerent right, as long as they declare they are
not at war, but are merely suppressing an internal
commotion, they exercise it de leur tort in any case,
but in no case can they be permitted to exercise it
where the character of the ship is notorious, and
where, in the nature of things, she cannot be the
object of legitimate search or the subject of suspicion.
Are the captains of our mail steamers to determine
the political status of their passengers and act as
judges of international law before they permit them to
embark in their ships? To the captain of the Trent,
Mr. Slidell and Mr. Mason were merely passengers
entered on the list in the ordinary way, and even if
he had read anything about them in the papers, at
most he could know they were believed to be sent
by an unrecognized Government for a political pur-
pose to Europe, and he would have had no more
right to stop them, and examine their papers and de-
spatches, than he would have to subject Mr. Cassius
Clay or Mr. Thurlow Weed to a similar process. If
he was bound by the Queen's proclamation of
neutrality to object to the passage of the one, he
was equally obliged to do so in case of the others.
Imagine the masters of the Dover and Calais
steamers interrogating Italian and Hungarian re-
fugees during the Austrian war as to their politics
and objects !
Sir W. Scott lays down expressly as a rule re-
specting contraband that it must be taken in delicto,
in the actual prosecution of the voyage to an
enemy's port. (Adm. .Repts.," The lonia," vol. 3, p.
168.) Under the circumstances, the search of the
Trent for contraband could not be justified. Cap-
tain Wilkes knew the character of the ship, and was
well aware he could not find contraband on board
of her. Had she been sailing from Havannah full
of arms and munitions of war for Southampton, to
be thence transferred to a vessel for Americain-
tended to run the blockade, she could not, never-

theless, be touched under any pretence whatever in
accordance with the law of nations. No writer has
ever laid it down of late days that an ambassador
of an enemy can be seized on board a neutral ship

which has sailed from one neutral port and is bound

to another. If the Trent were employed specially
to convey Messrs. Mason and Slidell and their de-
spatches, there might be some show of justification
for the seizure, but as it stands there is none what-
ever. De Hautefeuille indicates clearly that postal
vessels are exempt from such action ; they are so
necessitate rel. The New York Times very poorly
and weakly puts a case of an Ambassador of France
going on board a neutral ship of a small State to
form a hostile alliance against England in time of
war, and asks if an English ship of war would not
seize ? If against law, and the seizure was made,
doubtless the State so aggrieved would have
grounds for making yfar and doing its beet to obtain