The Sun.
London, England, 1861-08-10 00:00:00

LATEST BETTING.
THE DONCASTER ST. LEGER.

3to 1 agst Kettledrum (taken)

10 to 1 agst Lady Ripon (taken)
14 to 1 agst Aurelian (taken)
16 to 1 agst Kildonan (taken)
1000 to 60 agst:Big Ben (taken)
20 to 1 agst Pagoda (taken)
DERBY.
45 to 1 agst Ty-pee colt (taken)
1000 to 15 agst Lord Burleigh (offered)
1000 to 15 agst Spite (taken)

BETTING AT MANCHESTER, FRIDAY.
There was not a large amount of business done on the
Great Ebor Handicap, but, judging from the number of
horses supported, the handicap must be looked upon very
favourably by the public. Virgilius retains his position,
and the next in request were Stockade, Cape Flyaway, and
Moorcock ; all the odds that could be obtained at 20 to 1
being taken about the latter. For the St. Leger 9 to 4
was offered against Kettledrum, and 100 to 7 was asked for
agst Aurelian; but 12 to 1 being the highest offer, it was
declined.

EBOR HANDICAP.

10 to 1 agst Virgilius (taken and offered)
16 to 1 agst Stockade (taken)
20 to 1 agst Cape Flyaway (taken freely)
20 to 1 agst Moorcock (taken freely)
20 to 1 agst Umpire (taken)
20 to 1 agst Doefoot (taken)
20 to 1 agst Hetman (taken)
20 to 1 agst Voltella (taken)
20 to 1 agst Viscount Brignall (taken)
20 to 1 agst Prologue (taken)
20 to 1 tgst Rising Sun (taken)
25 to 1 tgst Cashio (taken)
25 to 1 agst Pax (taken)
25 to 1 tgst Volatile (taken)
25 to 1 agst Rapparee (taken)
25 to 1 agst Pergus (taken)
25 to 1 agst Lady Trespass (taken)

ST. LEGER.
9to 4on the field (offered)
12 to 1 agst Aurelian (offered, take 14 to 1)
16 to 1 agst Kildonan (taken)

IRELAND.

BELFAST, THURSDAY EVENING.

Lord and Lady Lurgan gave a grand ball yester-
day evening at Brownlow-house, in honour of the
visit of the Lord-Lieutenant. A large number of
the nobility and gentry of the north of Ireland and
of the most distinguished persons from other parts
of the country attending the agricultural exhibition
in Belfast were invited to meethis Excellency. From
400 to 500 invitations were issued, and the greater
number attended the ball. For the accommoda-
tion of those who came from some distance special
trains were started from Belfast and Monaghan
to Lurgan. The avenue leading to the fine
Elizabethan mansion was lighted by gas lamps sus-
pended from the old trees, producing a peculiarly
beautiful effEct. Two marques were erected in front
of the house door as cloak rooms, and thence along
a covered passage led into the hall. The weather
has been very favourable to-day, and the show-yard,
extensive as it is, was crowded with visitors, many
of them evidently more intent on business than
pleasure.

The banquet of the society was held in Mr. Char-
ter's factory, on the Falls'-road, a new and beautiful
building, admirably adapted for the purpose, and
placed at the disposal of the committee by the pro.
prietors. It was not inappropriate that the banquet
held in connexion with a society established to deve-
lope the agricultural resources of the country should
take place in a structure the erection of which evi-
dences the manufacturing and commercial spirit
and enterprise which have placed Belfast in its pre-
sent prosperous condition. The immense apart-
ment in which the banquet was given has been
recently put out of the builder's hands, but the ma-
chinery has not yet been introduced. The. walls
were tastefully decorated for the occasion, the pil-
lars supporting the roof were ornamented with gar-
lands of evergreens and bouquets, and all the
arrangements were well carried out. Eight tables
ran the whole length of the floor, with ample space
between them.

The chair was occupied by the President of the
society, the Marquis of Abercorn.
His Excellency the Lord Lieutenant sat at the
right of the President, and among those present
were Lord Lurgan, the Earl of Erne, the Earl of
Clancarty, the Earl of Longford, the Lord Bishop of
Down and Connor, Lord Charlemont, Lord Talbot
de Malahide, Lord Monck, Lord Dufferin, Sir
Henry Harvey Bruce, Sir Percy Nugent ; the Mayor
of Belfast, Mr. Edward Corey, J.P.; Mr. James
Hans Hamilton, M.P., Colonel Taylor, M.P., Mr.
Mervyn Archdall, M.P., Colonel Leslie, M.P., Mr.
J. W. Naper, Mr. J. A. Boyd, Mr. Sharman Craw-
ford, Mr. Richard Challoner, Colonel Caulfield, Mr.
Hans H. Woods, Alderman Roe, Mr. H. J.:lll4Far •
lane, ST., &c.

The cloth having been removed, and the usual
loyal toasts having been given and drunk with great
enthusiasm,

His Excellency the LORD-LIEUTENANT rose to respond,
and was received with loud applause. He said —M Lord
Abercorn, my Lords and Gentlemen—I return v
you my very
sincere thanks for the honour you have paid me in drinking
my health, which has been on this occasion so very kindly
proposed and so warmly received. (Applause.) I thank
you also for coupling my name with that which I claim to
hold very dear—the prosperity of Ireland—(hear, and ap-
political which, happily
s a
ap-
plause). Allow me to remark that these words have their pe-
culiar weight and meaning at the present moment. If this
were the
time
speech,
e r
a occasion,
sort of
it is not, far a
mere
rvey of passing
events, I might probably light upon one or two considera-
tions and incidents connected with Ireland which might
and
party
not seem to be altogether of so comfortable and reassuring
a character. But, gentlemen, standing here as the guest of
the Royal Agricultural Society—as a visitor to the splendid
show of the year 1861 in the town of Belfast—l feel, I
thankfully feel, that I am placed on a higher level and com-
mand a far wider field of a noble horizon. (Cheers.) From
this 'vantage-ground, thus—l say it with all the experience
of my 12th year of direct connexion with the Government of
Ireland—(applause)—I say it with the reservation that some
elements of future uneasiness and disturbance may not even
now be wanting—yet, in my judgment, Ireland has never
exhibited such an exemption from general crimes, from
political agitation, or from physical distress and privation, as
that which she now enjoys—(cheers)—and I need not say,
gentlemen, that these are considerations which faroutweigh
all others in the satisfaction they impart ; and, with the
full consciousness how small any personal contribution
might be to these mighty blessings, itis enough for happi -
ness and for gratitude to have been allowed to witness them.
(Loud cheers.) But I can almost fancy that some one
might here interpose and say, " Talk to us of prosperity,
when the returns of last year undoubtedly show a falling
off in some kinds of agricultural produce, especially, perhaps,
in the yield of wheat; and when the census of the last de-
cade or interval of 10 years shows a decrease of nearly a
million souls I" Now, with respect to this decrease of the
population, there can be no doubt that the famine and pesti-
lence which worked such fearful havoc upon the imme-
diately preceding decade left its mark also upon that which
has succeeded it ; but there is no question that the continu-
ous flow of emigration is the chief cause of the great reduc-
tion which has ensued in the number of the people. If the
number of emigrants from Ireland itself, exclusive of those
who have left other parts of the United Kingdom, is allowed
for, there would have been in the last decade from 1851 to
1861 an increase in Ireland close upon 40,000. (Cheers.)
This decrease has been least observable in the province of
Ulster, which seems mainly, I imagine, to be attributable
to that mixed agricultural and manufacturing industry
which there prevails. I need not tell you that no such de-
crease at all has taken place in the town of Belfast. (Cheers.)
With respect to the place in which we are now assembled, I
shall give only the dates of three successive periods, which
sufficiently tell their own story. The population of Belfast
100 years, in 1760, amounted to 8,600 souls ; in 1831, 30
years ago, it amounted to 48,224 ; and in the year 1861, in
which I now address you, it amounts to 119,200 souls. (Loud
cheers.) Nor has wealth been left behind Population. I
find, in the valuation for local assessment, the fixed capital
in building and other rateable property in Belfast was a
quarter of a century ago (in 1836) £115,000; in 1861 it has
risen to £305,000. (Hear, hear.) History bears record to
the efforts of successive Viceroys, from the Earls of Straf-
ford to the Earl of Clarendon, to advance the linen manu-
factures of the North of Ireland. Probably the moisture
of the climate—may I admit so much P—is more favour.
able to the production of flax than of other cereal growths.
I need not remind you in Belfast how much that place
owes to her Murlands, and Mulhollands, and many more.
It may be aufacieut to 112011ti0P, that is tha last year

there were exported from Belfast upwards of 65,000,000
yards of linen, valued at about £2,000,000 sterling, and at
the same time yarns and threads to the amount of
3,000,0001 b., valued at £764,000. The improvements which
have been effected in the noble harbour of this town have
amounted within twenty years to half a million of money,
and this without any aid from public grants—(loud cheers)
—and within the same comparatively short period the ton-
nage of vessels and the harbour receipts have been much
more than doubled. Now, it may be inferred how material
a contribution this liberal and splendid community, to-
gether with its group of connected and associated towns,
must have made to the consumption of agricultural pro-
duce; but I have already stated to you, gentlemen, the
amount of decrease which has occurred on the whole popu-
lation of Ireland in the last ten years. Now with respect
to the productiveness of the country within the same
periods :—The land under cultivation, either rimier tillage
or in meadowing and pasture, in 1841, was 13,000,000 of
acres; in 18.51,—1 suppress the slight addition that the old
hundreds would make—it was above 14,000,000. In 1861 it
is above 15,000,000 of acres. The live stock, which form so
interesting an item in the exhibition of the Royal Agricul-
tural Society, was valued in 1841 at £21,000,000 ; in 1858,
at £27,000,000; in 1861, at £33,000; and this independent
of the improvement of quality, the extent of which, I be-
lieve, is by every one admitted to be very great, amount-
ing, perhaps, to 25 per cent. Along with this great in-
crease of production, there has been a very striking dimi-
nution of the small holdings, and of the wretched cabins
of the peasantry. Now, gentlemen, these figures which
I have passed in rapid review—l am afraid not quite
sufficiently rapid, for know that figures are apt to be
r tedious, especially after dinner—they surely show that
with largely increased productions and a largely increased
producing area, there has been a considerable diminution
of population. Now, taking these two together, we must
look upon the result as being occasioned by better labour
better directed, with a larger application of capital to the
soil; and the necessary consequence of this is that the
working classes must obtain better wages. They are better
fed, better clothed, better lodged ; they can get better
education for their children—(loud cheers)—and most gra-
tifying it is to me to find that in Ulster, or, I believe, to
speak with more strict accuracy, in the two counties of
Down and Armagh, one-sixth of the population is in atten-
dance in the primary schools,—either those under the
National Education Board, or under the Church Education
Society, which is an average equal to that of Prussia,
where the attendance of the children is compelled by law.
(Cheers.) I referred before to the diminution of physical
suffering. Now, what is the case with respect to the direct
expenditure for the relief of the poor all over Ireland ? The
' fund from which it is drawn has, there is no doubt, largely
increased. The value of property rated to the relief of the
poor in 1851 was £11,614,000. In 1860 it had increased
nearly a million—it was £12,280,000. Now, with this
large amount of funds for the purpose of drawing upon, I
find that the total expenditure of medical as well as ordi-
nary Poor..law relief in 1851 amounted to £1,150,000. In
1860 it had fallen to £558,000, being less than half of what
it was 10 years ago. And lastly, with respect to crime, to
which I also referred, it appears that the offences specially
reported to head-quarters in 1850 amounted to 10,639 ; in
1860 they had fallen to 3,531. Now, my lords and gentle-
men, it seems to me that all this constitutes a summary of
which Ireland may be justly proud—(cheers)—not indo-
lently proud. I would advise her to be grateful for the
past, and alert and emulous for the future. There are
many here, some of whom will follow me to-night, who
can speak with far greater knowledge and authority of
the characteristic features of the show which we have wit-
nessed in the show-yard for these two days. They will
be able to tell you of any shortcomings—if shortcomings
there are—and those excellencies which I feel no doubt
in my own mind are great and striking. If the condition
and prosperity of agriculture in Ireland suggest any
prominent point of advice, in my judgment it would
be, I would say to you, to take care of your green crops,
of your provision of winter food for cattle, so that you
may be supplied with a greater quantity of manure than
is now possessed in many districts, which is an indispen-
sable groundwork of increased tillage ; and I think it may
be worthy of some consideration whether planting might
not be resorted to with advantage in some of the more
hilly and exposed districts of this country for the shelter
of cattle. However, gentlemen, I feel most thankful that
the genius of Ireland is becoming every day more and more
awake to the manifold and multifarious requirements and
claims of her agriculture; and most pleasing, indeed, in
one point of view, though painful to excess in another, is
the contrast which is presented by such a sight as the
showyard now open in Belfast, with the scenes which are
being enacted among that great people which has so many
common ties and common interests with us across the
western waters. (Hear.) Here, gentlemen, we see in an
area itself connected with all the operations of busy and
extended commerce, now spread before our gaze, the r epre-
sentative specimens of every form of peaceful agriculture—
the sleek herds and fleecy flocks, the iron implements
and lustrous damasks. There, gentlemen, we read of
nothing but masked batteries and the angry glare of
bayonets, and the fierce charge and the panic rout.
(Laughter and cheers.) May the time soon come which
will enable us and other friendly well-wishers—as 1 am
sure in our hearts we all are—of that great country—(loud
cheers)—to interpose with advantage our friendly mediation,
if, which would be far better, they do not themselves com-
pose their sad and guilty quarrels 1 But, however that
may be, I trust, gentlemen, that we at least, with humble
and hopeful hearts, may long preserve the inestimable
blessings we enjoy, and strive to transmit them bright and
undimmed to the coming generations. His Excellency re-
sumed his seat amid loud and reiterated applause.
_ _

The LORD LIEUTENANT proposed " The Health of the
President of the Society, the Marquis of Abercorn ;" and
the toast was very warmly received.

The Marquis of ABERCORN returned thanks, and in doing
so was warmly applauded. He could assure them that he
felt sensible of his many shortcomings in the office he filled
that night, and however he endeavoured to perform his
duty he could hardly feel that he was the right man in the
right place ; but he yielded to no man in his desire to bene-
fit the country and to perform his duty as a landlord in
that part of it which Providence had placed under his
charge. He congratulated the meeting on the success of the
show. It was above the average in many things, and one of
the best ever held by the society ; the subscriptions were
larger than they had ever been in any former year, and
much of the success of it was owing to the exertions of the
local committee, to whom, with the council and officers of
the society, they owed a deep debt of gratitude, and also to
Mr. Charters for his liberality—(cheers)—in placing that
apartment at their disposal for the banquet, and also to the
mayor and corporation of Belfast for giving them the site
for the show. (Cheers.)
Lord DUFFERIN proposed " The Health of the Mayor
and Corporation of Belfast." Having been long absent from
the county, he candidly confessed that he was astonished at
the improvement, not only of the town, but also of the
agricultural district which surrounded it. Whether
he looked to great things or to small, from the ships that
choked their port to the crinoline that choked up their
streets, there was expansion everywhere. (Laughter and
cheers.)
The Mayor of BELFAST returned thanks. He observed
that it was now eighteen years since the Royal Agricultural
Society held a meeting in Belfast, and he trusted seven
years would not elapse before they would return the visit.
(Hear, hear.)
Lord Viscount MONCR proposed " The Royal Dublin
Society and Sister Societies in England and Scotland."
The Royal Dublin Society was one of the oldest institutions
in the country. It was now upwards of one hundred years
since the attention of that society was directed to the im-
provement of the country. Within their own memory they
took the lead in the institution of annual cattle shows,
which, commencing from very small beginnings, had de-
veloped themselves into what, as an Irishman, he had pride
and satisfaction in saying was, on the whole, both as to
quantity and quality, the best exhibition of cattle and stock
that was shown in this country. (Hear, hear.) His lord-
ship concluded by coupling with the toast the health of the
Earl of Clancarty.
The toast having been duly honoured,
The Earl of CLANCARTY returned thanks, and said, with
regard to the recent differences between the members of the
Royal Dublin Society, while he held his own opinion, he,
as one of the majority, was glad that those who thought
with him yielded to the high authority of Parliament, and
to no other authority could honest and independent men
ever yield on a question of the kind.
The Earl of ERNE propose " The North-East Agricul-
tural Society."

Lord LURGAN acknowledged the compliment. His lord-
ship was received with continued cheering, and said that
all the members of their community, whether the tenant-
farmers, the landlords, or the labouring classes, have directly
or indirectly derived benefit from the establishment of the
North-East Society.
Colonel CAULFIELD proposed " The North-Western and
the other Societies in Connexion with the Royal Agricul-
tural Society."
Mr. T. W. D. HUMPHREYS returned thanks.
" The Trade and Town of Belfast," " The Judges,"
" The Linen Trade," " The Successful Competitors," and
" The Press" were next given.
His Excellency then retired, and returned by special train
to Brownlow-house, the seat of Lord Lurgan.
THE SOCIETY'S AGRICULTURAL SHOW FOR 1862.
It has been resolved by the Council that the ex-
hibition for next ;year shall be held in the city of
Limerick.

The Vienna correspondent of the !Journal do
Frankfort again denies positively the statement recently
made that a convention between Austria and Russia had
been concluded.

The Duke of Somerset, Admiral Grey, Captain
Drummond, and Mr.Whitbread, Admiral Robinson,
Col. Greene, and the other officials connected with
the Board of Admiralty, commenced the inspection
of Devonport Dockyard on Thursday, accompanied
by the Admiral-Superintendent, Sir Thor. Pasley.
In slip No. 1 is the Royalist, 11, which is above
thrce•eightlis built ; and in No. 2, the Africa, sister
to the Royalist, framing. No. 3is occupied by the
Robust, 89, one of eight line-of-battle ships at dif-
ferent yards, the building of which was entirely
suspended some months since by order of the Board.
No. 4 contains the Istor, 36, which is nearly com-
plete in frame. The Ocean, 50, is in No. 5. She is
partly in frame. In consequence of the determina-
tion to make her an iron-plated ship some portions
have been taken down to give her more beam, and
she is to be lengthened at the stern and bow. To
t
u
her.awperrfeorpmtcheed
on
nbt
Griffin,
Thi
of
latter operation it became necessary to
lengthen the dock, a work not entirely completed.
On Monday last four extra gangs of shipwrights
This
appeared
Ino
dock
the visitors.
havingdefects
good. Dock Nos. 2 and 3, one inside the other, are
now being enlarged and lengthened into one dock
Nomade
e.
1 is la
the g com-
mand the special
attentiono
by Messrs. P. Kitt and Son, contractors. No. 4is
unoccupied. In No. sis the frigate Constance, 51,
which having been cut in two and lengthened, ib
being adapted for the reception of machinery and a
screw. She is fast approaching completion. The
new dock referred.to above will be 437 feet long, 97
broad from coping to coping, 73 across the entrance,
and 40 feet deep at the sill. It is cut out of slate
rock, and filled in with brick, on which the stone-
work is bedded. The floor, altar, and steps will be
of granite, the other parts of Portland stone. About
300 ft. of the floor is laid, the south side and circular
head are complete up to the broad altar; the north
side is approaching the same height. The dock
will be closed with iron gates, but in order to faci-
litate their repair an iron floating caisson will be
fitted, facing Hamoaze, and 28ft. from the gates.
The space between will occasionally form a dam,
useful for many naval purposes. The dock will be
large enough to receive the Warrior. Its construc-
tion is under the immediate superintendence of Mr.
Hubbard, clerk of the works. The smiths in this
yard complain, and apparently with sufficient cause,
of the inadequate ventilation of the two smitheries.
The northern and older smithery has very high land
on the east. From this or some other cause the
workshops are frequently choked with thick smoke.
The southern smithery, of modern construction, is
nearly as bad, although several efforts have been
made to mitigate the evil. The smithery at Key-
ham is well ventilated. After inspecting the Devon-
port yard the inspectors proceeded to Keyham,
where No. 2 dock is occupied by the Royal Albert,
121. Nothing is doing to her ; some months since
it was contemplated to cover her with iron plates.
In No. 3, or the Queen's deck, is the Princess Royal,
89. She leaked aft, and her screw shafting was not
true. While at Keyham the shaft-hole has been
rebored and the machinery repaired ; other defects
are now being made good. The other ships in this
arsenal are the Gibraltar, 99 ; Defiance, 89; Albion,
86; Aurora, 51; Phoebe, 51; Magicienne, 16 ; Petrel,
11 ; and the gunboats Gleaner and Buzzard, &c.
The Albion and Defiance are receiving their engines,
after which the Aurora will be supplied. The
visitors next saw the Aurora, Gibraltar, Phoebe,
and Defiance, and expressed their approbation of
the Gibraltar's internal arrangements. Before leav-
ing this yard the Duke of Somerset inspected the
factories, and the site proposed for the new barracks
for seamen.

No engineering works of any note have been
executed at Keyham steam-yard since the last
annual inspection. The long existing contract with
Mr. Baker is closed. It is expected a junction will
be made from the Gunwharf to tha tunnel whic h
connects the Devonport arsenal with Keyham yard.
Such a junction would much facilitate Government
operations. The tunnel in question is, however,
although of recent construction, in an apparently
unsafe state from the quantity of water which per-
colates the brickwork. The roadway is constantly
wet.

From Keyham their lordships, attended by Capt.
A. C. Key, C,8., went into Hamoaze, and inspected
the screw steam frigate Orlando, 50, the gunboat
Speedy, and other ships belonging to the Steam
Reserve. In the evening the members of the Board
patronised a ball in aid of the Female Orphan Asy-
lum. Yesterday morning the steam tenders Avon
and Redwing had steam up in readiness to convey
the Lords of the Admiralty to the Channel Squadron
in the Sound, and to the various ships in commis-
sion in Hamoaze.

The screw steamship Aboukir, 86, Capt. C. F. A.
Shadwell, C. 8., left Plymouth Sound yesterday
morning for Keyham steamyard, where she will be
docked and repaired.
The Russian ships of war Boyarani, Woy woda,
an d Djigent left Plymouth Sound yesterday morning.
The following vessels have been chartered by the
War Department for the conveyance of Government
stores to India and China :—The Barham, 990 tons,
for Madras; the Lord Macaulay, 846 tons, for Hong
Kong ; and the Teviot, 430 tons, for Ceylon. The
Lincelles, 904 tons, belonging to Duncan Dunbar,
London, :has also been chartered by the Govern-
ment for the conveyance of convicts to Fremantle,
Australia.
The Arethusa, 51-gun frigate, was completed at
Chatham yesterday, and taken out of the third
dock, where she had been several months in the
hands of the shipwrights, undergoing conversion
from a sailing ship to a screw steamer. During the
time the Arethusa was in dock she was twice cut
asunder. An addition of 70 feet was then made to
her length, in order to provide the necessary space
for her machinery. She is now one of the finest of
the 51-gun frigates afloat. Her engines and
machinery, some portions of which have already
been placed on board, are to be of 500-horse power
(nominal). The Arethusa, on being removed from
the deck, was placed alongside the floating shears,
where she will remain until removed to Sheerness
to be completed for the second division of the steam
roserve in the Medway.

The Defence, 22 iron-plated frigate, which is
ordered to be docked at Chatham, will on her ar-
rival at that port occupy the third dock, vacated by
the Arethusa, 51. The Defence was expected to
arrive at Chatham yesterday, and arrangements
were made for docking her as soon as she reaches
the port. Until the arrival of the Defence, the third
dock will be occupied by the Orpheus, 21, 400-horse
power, which is being brought forward for sea.
The East India Company's steamship Assaye yes-
terday arrived at Woolwich, to be surveyed and
valued with a view to her probable purchase by the
Board of Admiralty.
the Hon. A.
The following appoitmceonnitsmwanerdee; `made
yester-
day at the Admiralty :
L. Corry, to the Plover; Commander Charles S.
Forbes, to the Curlew ; Commander John Hutchin-
son, additional of the Pelorus, for surveying ser-
vice; Lieut. G. H. Mansell, to the Royal Adelaide ;
E. Hotham, midshipman, to the Virago ; James
Holt, surgeon, to the Simoom ; Dr. Robt. Grahame,
assist.-surg., to the Greenwich Hospital ; Chas. G.
Mark, assist.-paymaster, in charge to the Antelope ;
Thomas J, Giles, assist.-paymaster in charge, to the
Plover ; James L. Croker, assist.-paymaster, to the
Dauntless ; Frederick E. Pirkis, assist.-paymaster,
to the Majestic; and James Moore, assist.-paymas-
ter, to the Wanderer.

Marie Antoinette's hair, during her imprisonment, beoame
completely colourless. Such changes of colour may now be
completely restored by Herring's magnetic brushes, &c., of
which Dr. Hassall reports, "I regard them as the most per-
fect brushes hitherto made, as respects their mechanical con-
struction, and their magnetical action." They are the re-
medy for grey hair, neuralgia, rheumatism, Itc. N.B.—
Counterfeits are being made. Offices, 32, Daiingbau-street,
London.

The Ar_ .e-Maximilian of Austria, attended
by Count Rud, le Apponyi, Austrian Ambassador
in London, yest_ !ay visited the Royal Arsenal at
Woolwich under the incognito of Count. Lacroma.
The Prince having ekpressed his desire to see the
carioussith shops,prt s of the gun is carricd out
trhdtetnance
department. His Imperial Highness
manufacture of the Armstrong guns, was conducted
hillaceigneTdiceytail the remaining branches of the
huge
N whereas rn theyth progress
ham m e
hammers.
f.
rifled
. forminginiieunder
e ed rvisited througho
in a few days to witness the firing of one of
stated his intentionof tc:febhiugg present at Shoebury-
nessthe guns:

His Highness Halim Pasha visited the Royal
gun factories on the preceding day, by special order
from Col. Tulloh, Director-General of Ordnance in

London.

The depot companies of the 73(1 Regiment sta-
tioned at Chatham are under orders to leave that
garrison to join the head-quarters of the regiment,
shortly expected to arrive in England from India.
The detachment of the 73d doing duty at Tilbury
Fort, has been removed to Chatham; where it ar-
rived on Thursday evening, and a party of officcrs
and men of the 31st Regiment has been sent to
Tilbury to do garrison duty at that fort.

COLONEL MiIIURDO ON VOLUNTEER

MARCHING.

After an inspection of the Durham and Northum-
berland Volunteers, held at Newcastle-on-Tyne this
week, Col. M'kurdo said I have noticed, and
other general officers have noticed,that a great dif-
ference of cadence in the time of marching is per-
ceptible with corps.
out,the opportunity r
necessary
ar of
y meet-
ing
its-
at-tr.:e
h innt;gt
Now, I cannot too strongly
impress tipon all these corps, and especially upon
tha tm h
constant
to have one uniform cadence step. The reason is
this—l have found as much as 20 paces a minute
difference between the marching of corps. Now,
just consider what 20 paces a minute Will do in six
hours; my own calculation is that it would cause
a difference in the marching of bodies of men of
three miles and upwards—of three miles and a-half
—in six hours, or half a day's march. Read the
smalleri
ngfor corps
papers of to-day, and you will see in all great
battles, in all great operations, an army cannot
follow one line or road. An army must have seve-
ral roads in order to come in front of the enemy
and deploy there. Therefore it is necessary that
the bodies of men marching along these different
lines towards the enemy should march exactly with
the same pace, or else if there is a difference, which
I have perceived of 20 paces in a minute, one
column would reach the enemy, while the other
column would be some 31- miles short of reaching
the front where the battle should begin. An active
enemy would not be slow in taking advantage of,
such circumstances by falling in and crushing the
first enemy that showed front in his presence. He
would have an enemy to throw back of superior
force, and even beat that enemy in detail. There-
fore I hope that I have shown the necessity of
having one uniform step throughout the force, and
that is the regulation step of 108 paces in the
minute. Now, most of you have bands ; and I hope
you will make your bandmasters have a plumet, and
that plummet going at the rate of 108 strokes
per minute. You must exercise your bands
throughout the winter in marching at that time ;
and so it will take the ears, and so come
to the feet of the men. Autumn, as you
know, is now approaching, and with it will come
the marching out, I have seen a great deal of
Volunteers in this country ; and I am delighted with
what I have seen this day, because I see you are on
the high road to efficiency. I hope that in your
marching out for the winter you will not assume it
to be a mere promenade, but try to knock a little
use out of it. When you march along the road,
always form your advance and your rearguard..
That is laid down in a section of the book, and it:
will be extremely useful not only for the officers,
commanding battalions, but for the officers com-
manding the sections or companies of men. Both
of these might consider as they march along the
road, ' What shall I do if the enemy were supposed
to be in the neighbourhood ? How shall I approach
the turn of the road ? How shall I enter the village
in front ?' All these questions should pass through
the mind of the officer as he walks along the road
in his marching out. It would be of great benefit:
to himself and to the service, because there is no-
thing more important in the marches of great bodies
of men than the advance guard and rearguard being
intelligent men, and the officers knowing their
duty."

FIZOILI THE GAZETTE OF LAST NIGET.

ADMIRALTY, AUG. 9.

The following Flag promotions, dated the 29th of July
last, consequent on the death, on the 28th of July, of Ad-
miral of the Blue, the Hon. Sir Fleetwood Broughton Rty-
nolds Pellew, Kt., K.C.H., C. 8., have this day taken
place

Vice-Admiral of the Red 'Robert Wauchope to be Admi-
ral of the Blue.

Vice-Admiral of the White Sir Provo William Parry
Wallis, K.C.8., to be Vice-Admiral of the Red.
Vice-Admiral of the Blue Sir Henry Ducie Chads„.
K.C.B. to be Vice-Admiral of the White.

Rear:Admiral of the Red George William Conway Cour-
tenay, to be Vice-Admiral of the Blue.

Rear-Admiral of the White Henry Wolsey Bayfield
be Rear-Admiral of the Red.

Rear-Admiral of the Blue William Ramsay, C. 8,, to be
Rear-Admiral of the White.

Captains John Venour Fletcher and Talavera Vernon
Anson to be Rear-Admirals on the Reserved List.
Captain Augustus Leopold Kuper, C. 8., to be Rear -Ad-
miral of the Blue.
Rear-Admiral john Fitz Gerald Studdert, on the. Retired
it e a r - A d mahiilarr
araollife
List, to be Vice-Admiral on the ssme List.
Captain Samuel Perkins Pritchard to the additional Re-
tired Rear-Admiral without increase of pay.
The following promotions, dated the sth. Instant, cense-
qßuluenetsoinr
Bthaerrdineagttho,n ointeytnhoeld3sd,
Kin.set.anist,.,
haat
vAe Admiral of osfdthaye
taken place :
Vice-Admiral
Robert Lambert,
et-oAbdemAirdalmierfaltohfethßeelluSeitr John Gordon Sinclair,
Vice-Admiral of the White- Sir Henry William Bruce,
hdhneeeneN"Vich iu.eSt e
.:
Sirht to be
BbHeaol
Rear-Admiral
ainr George.Alvdamki Grey
KitearlAdmiral of the Red the Hon. Sir Frederick Wm
IBia.vVcrCtii...ceßß'e...,,AttodombbeieravVliioccefeitAAheddmmßiilrruaaell
oosffirtthhGee
eßiovhite.
Grey, K.C.8., to be Vice-Admiral of the Blue.
osot hff
Eden,
BRaecßraatre.-pa,AtrlaidinA.mCdci.B., to be Rear-Admiral of the White.e Walker
1. alVoafl k
the ' Blue.

•
Rear-Admiral Charles Gordon (b) on the Retired List,
to be Vice-Admiral on the same List.
The following promotions, dated the sth instant, conse-
quent on the death, on the 4th instant, of Vice-Admiral of
the White Sir Thomas Herbert, K.C.8., have also this day
taken place :
Vice-Admiral of the Blue Alexander Thomas Emetic
Vidal to be Vice-Admiral of the White.
Rear-Admiral Sir John Burnet Dundas, Bart., on the
Reserved List, to be Vice-Admiral on the same List.
Rear-Admiral of the Red Sir Robert Lambert Baynes.
K.C.8., to be Vice-Admiral of the Blue.
t o Rbe ear-R eAard-mAidr
Alexander Milne, K.C.8.,
Rear-Admiral of the Blue Sir
maliroafitohfetlhVehnitee
dS.Sir James Clark Ross, Kt.,
to be Rear-Admiral of the White.

Captain 03;11on. Charles Gilbert John Brydone Elliot,
C. 8., to be Rear-Admiral of the Blue.

BANKRUPTS.
William Elsam and James Francis Wallace, merchants,
Old Broad-street, City, to surrender, Aug. 19, at one, and
Sept. 17, at eleven, at the Court of Bankruptcy.
Frederick Francis Fox, tailor, Fenchurch-street, City,
Aug. 23, at one, and Sept. 20, at half-past eleven, at the
Court of. Bankruptcy.
Thomas John Nicks, provision merchant, Tower-hill,
Aug. 22, at half•past eleven, and Sept. 12, at one, at the
Court of Bankruptcy.
at half-past one, and Sept. 11,
George Barnett, butcher, Felix-terrace, Liverpool-road,
at one,
elilaemvenP7sansldeys,epbtuldle,ra,tlktlwaerltvoeck, 4StohmeeErsxetestherirDe,
at the Court of Bankruptcy.
Islington, Aug. 23,
Court.
Richard Henry Harley, merchant, Halifax, Aug,
19,Watil
Sept. 20, at eleven, at the Commercial-buildings, Leeds.
and
James Garton, Nottingham, and D • ngs, Leeds.
chester, hardware dealers, Aug 23
Daniel Brown, Man-
at the Manchester District Court.
' and Sept. 13, at twelve,
Thomas Ragland, stationer, W.
21 and Sept. 11, at twelve,Aug.
,Igan, Lancashire,
District
Court. at the Manchester
George Kelsey Lee% linen d August
21 and September I.(Braper, Sunderland,
at twelve, Newcastle-upon-
Tyne District Court'
Nathan Aaron losenh ' foreign goods, Vine..
street, Minories,
.Aug. , Imorter of
21, atone, and Sept. ll, at half-past
one, at the Court of Bankruptcy.
Frederick Nir 4 .
S lborne Hants, Aug.
21 and Sept. arne Fitt, machinist, e ,
il at two at at the Court of Bankruptcy.
George Wilkinson7butcher, Swinton, Yorkshire, Aug.
24 and Sept. 28, at ten, at the Leeds District Court,
John Fiaigh, brewer, Wakefield, Aug. 20 and Sept 20, at
eleven) ut. the Leeds District Court.

AVERAGE PRICE OF SUGAR.
Computed from the Returns made in the week ending
Aug. 6, 1861, exclusive of the duties of Customs paid or
payable thereon on the importation thereof into Great
Britain :--- r cwt.
Muscovado, the produce of British America 23s .44d
Muscovado, the produce.of the Mauritius .. 29s Sid
Muscovado, the:produce of the East Indies.. 27s Tia
Average price of the foregoing . .. 25s lid

THE CONDEMNED CONVICT CHARITY HOSKINg.
—This unfortunate woman, who was convicted of the
wilful murder of her infant child at Truro, and tr ied
Cornwall Assizes on Saturday last, will not be executed.u;
the governor of the county gaol having received: .a
of the sentence. She will be confined during her, 30,101'Y
pleasure.
at the

WELLINGTON, we are told, once said that he
had often blundered even in the Peninsula cam-
paign and got into scrapes, but somehow his MEN
always contrived to get him out of them. Neither
General SCOTT, nor his representative on the field
of battle, M‘DowELL, were so happy. Their men
got them into scrapes rather than out of them. If
we may include the subordinate officers with the
men, for the officers seemed the greater cowards of
the two, it was the army which failed the General
rather than the General the army. We have now
an account of the Battle of Bull's Run—the Vir-
ginians will surely rechristen it, Yankees' Run—
from a pen which Englishmen can rely on ; and it
corroborates all our unworthiest suspicions, such as
we hardly liked to utter before, respecting the
Northerns. One of the worst facts of all we take
to be the perfect nonchalance with which the
officers talk openly about their being so well
" whipped." We confess we had on this

point pictured to ourselves gentlemen smarting
with unendurable indignation under the
stigma of a most discreditable defeat, and ready to
reorganise, to lead their regiments with despera-
tion, and, ready as we have so often read of morti-
fied or desponding heroes "to plunge into the
thickest of the fight, and to retrieve by a glorious
soldier's death the dishonour which they could not
survive." On the contrary we have it on ind-isputa-
ble authority, that the desponding mein of the corn-
non soldiers, was more becoming than that of their
officers—" who are crowding the hotels and talking
of their whipping with complacency and without
shame."

In tracing back the calamity to its origin, as "to
the House that Jack built"—we come to Yankee
pride and love of sensation. Some astonishing feat
of " whipping the Southerncrs " was wanted to
satisfy the States who had massed together
a large, but raw and ill-disciplined, army
on the line of the Potomac. Their cla-
mour and conceit moved the President,
the President urged General SCOTT, General SCOTT
commanded M'DowELL—and so, both SCOTT and
M‘Doweee, in their own minds opposed to the
movement, and quite aware of their army's defi-
ciencies, prepare to do the bidding of the Sovereign
Yankees. Now, though the movement itself was a
bit of a " scrape," yet our English informant who
had all the plans of the advance explained to him
by APDOWELL himself, after the battle, acknow-
ledges that to his poor judgment, as he modestly
expresses himself, " they were judicious and clear."
His columns, however, made the scrape worse by be-
ing too slow and too late in their movements, though
they had ample time allowed them ; the consequence
being th at instead of turning the enemy's left flank
as he Lutcnded, they advanced to meet him'
and General. JOHNSTON had time to get
away from PATTERSON'S home-sick regiments
at Harper's Fcrry, and augment BEALMEGARD'S
strength largely.
But 111cDowELL's men and officers, having thus
got him into a worse scrape than that of advancing
at all before the time, were not like our Iron Duke's
raw recruits in the Peninsula, always ready to get
him out of it. They made matters ten times worse
by their want of pluck. After all we have heard
from the New York papers, Mr. RUSSELL says,
justly enough, that we must rely a little on "cha-
racter" for the truth of the following astounding
statement 1—" There was not a bayonet charge
made by the Federalist infantry during the day
there was not a charge of any kind made by the Con-
federate cavalry upon any regiment of the enemy
until the latter broke. There was not a hand-to-
hand encounter between any regiments. There
was not a singe " battery charged" or taken by
the Federalists. 'There were no masked batteries
in Play by the former. There was no annihilation
of rebel horse by Zovares, Fire, or other. A vol-
ley fired by one battalion emptied three saddles
among a body or horse who appeared at some dis-
tance, and the ins,entry
which performed the execu-
tion than retired. There were no desperate struggles
except by those who
wantvd to get away. The
whole matter in plain Z -
nglesh amounts to this
The Federalists advanced
slowly, but steadily,
under the fire of their artillery, driving
the
enemy, who rarely' showed. oat of cover, in line
before them,. and graduallyforced them ,
back on
the right and catitre for a mile and a half towards
Manassas. As :the enetr fell back they used