The Sun.
London, England, 1857-09-15 00:00:00

_LONDON, rUESDAY EVENING, SEP TEMBER 15, 1657.

••••••••ma.
FUND for the RELIEF of the SUFFERERS
by the MUTINY in INDIA.
SUBSCRIPTIONS continue to be received by the Right lion.
the Lord Mayor, at the Mansion-home ;by the Bask of England
and all its branches;, by the London Joint Stock Banks and their
branches ; by all the private Bankers in the Metropolis ; and by the
National Provincial Bank of Ireland and its branches.
The COmmittee meet daily at the Manion-house, at 3 o'clock
precisely. DAVID HENDERSON, Lieut.-Cel., non. Sec.
FOR REST, Secretary.

Ilfansion-ho2se; 185 Z:

. .
SUN LIFE ASSURANCE SOCIETY
LONDON.
Policies effected with this Society now will PARTICIPATE IN
FOUR-FIFTIIS, or 80 per cent., of the Net Profits of the Society,'
ccording to the conditions contained in the Society's Prospectus.
The Premiums required by this Society for insuring Young Lives
re lower than in many other 013-established offices, and, Insurers
additiony protected from all risk by an ample guarantee fund, in
to the accamalated funds derived-from the investments of
Premiums.
Policy stamps paid by the Office.
Prospectuses may be obtained at the Office in Threadneedle-street,
ondon, or of any of the Agents of the Society.
CHARLES HENRY LIDDERDALE, Actuary.

NEW LAW COURTS.

(From the- Solicitor's Journal.)
The common law business has now become so
larcre, that two, Jar even three, judges of one or more
courts have tried cases simultaneously during the
past year. - Now it was statedsome time ago that
the late Chief Justice of .the'Common Pleas WAS
under the necessity of ascending 85 steps to reach
the room then appropriated for his.sittings in term
at Nisi Prins, and that aged and feeble witnesses
had declared themselves incapable of obeying the
exigency of the subpoena served upon them. The
Common Pleas, in fact, has no second, court at all,
and has been obliged; until lately, to content itself
with what is called in the memorials of the ,Lavr
Society "a temporary rood somewhere about
.Weetininster Hall;" and it a considerable distance
either perpendicular or horizontal, or both, from
the chief scene of businesa. The Exchequer had
always the enjoyment of a second court—a recon-
dite cell, with a single narrow access, intended, we
believe, for the sittings of the Court of Error.
Perhaps if this were the original plan, the- archi-
tect was not much to blame. It is true that the
conclave of eight or `more judges on appeals did
not gain in solemnity by being poked into an 'ob-
scure hole like this ; but it might be justly colon-
ed that no impression made by this tribunal could
ever extend far. The dry legal discussions of the
Exchequer Chamber would seldom ob'ain a single
listener free to go elsewhere, and the public would
never be seen in the Court of Error unless they got
there by mistake. But whatever idea may have
possessed the designer's mind, this he certainly did
not contemplate, that Mr. Edwin James, on a sul-
try summer. afternoon, should address a common
jury on a question interesting to grooms and cab-
men. The Queen's Bench have also a second court,
originally appropriated, as its name implies, to
taking bail—a process which could have but slender
interest either for the town idler or the country
sight-seer, and which, therefore, might well go on
in an apartment utterly inadequate for the trial of
Nisi Prisi causes.
We are well aware that the evils above described
have been lately, to a great extent, mitigated by hold-
ing the sittings of the equity courts almost en-
tirely at Lincoln's-inn. The exhilarating sport of
livaiting a Vice-Chancellor up turrets and along gal-
leries is now enjoyed by counsel and sol'citors
only upon the first day of term ; and thb only two
tolerably good courts belonging to the Chancery
judges at Westminster are generally available fur
the use of their brethren at common law. But
the concession thus made of one part of the origi-
nal demand places beyond all dispute the expe•
diency of a total change. The inconvenience of
sitting at a distance from the chambers of counsel
and solicitors, and from the offices of the court,
coupled with the exist( nee, close to• Chancery-lane
of accommoda'ion which, though by no means ade-
quate, is at least as good as any that is to be found
at Westminster, I,as determined the judges upon
the virtual abandonment of their ancient seats.
At common law, the delay and difficulty of tran-
sacting judicial business at Westminster is quite as
keenlyfelt ; but there are no old halls ornew brick
sheds within the precincts of the Temple to render
the protest of its inhabitants against the waste of
thir time unanswerable. That daily walk along
the Strand and Parliament street, which Lord St.
Leonardo declared to be a positive advantage on
the score of health, is still obligatory upon the
Tem plans, or may be exchanged. at pleasure for a
river voyage, which it is very likely that some
other sage, equally superior to modern prejudices,
has in come other blue book, proclaimed to be the
true specific for securing length of days. But we
venture to hope that the physical well being of
barristers practising in the Temple may not be
found irreconcilable with the economy of their own
and of official and judicial time. A system which
15 years ago.was defended almost solely by Lord
St. Leonardo must surely be now verging upon its
decline. It is pleasant to hear how much a man of
eminent ability can find to say, where one might
have thought there was nothing to be said at all.
The argument is curious, but it does not satisfy
our minds. When manufacturers and even trades-
men employ the telegraph to communicate over'
the width of a single street, it cannot be good policy
to separate one portion of the lawyers from the rest
by an interval of upwards of a mile, which must
be traversed backwards and forwards through-
out the day in cabs. The wisdom of concentration
is indisputable. There are but two places which
can claim to to selected for the site, and either of
them would be available if desired. Even tl:e
money is ready for the whole work, and nothing is
wanting but the necessary effort to set the official
machinery in motion.

THE INDIAN. MAIL.

The following mail packets aro on the Calm.
and Suez line :—the Bengal, Alma, Nubia, Bea
thick, Hindostan, and Ava. The following are on
the Bombay and Suez line :—the Ottawa, Singa-
pore, Ganges, Bombay, Madras, Pekin, Aden,
Norma, and Cadiz. The packet bound to Suez
from Calcutta may be detained a day. at Madras,
and also five days at Point de Galle, in case the
China packet has not arrived there. The packet
for Suez from Bombay is not detained on her pas-
sage, except to coal at Aden. Some of the al ove-
mentioned packets are slow and others very fast.
It would be most desirable if the authorities at Cal-
cutta and Bombay would send word every packet
what steamers they purpose despatching with the
next homeward mails, because from a knowledge in
England of the speed of the steamers in question it
could be estimated pretty nearly when they would
arrive at •Suez, and much anxiety would be pre-
vented thereby in this country. The Bombay and
Suez packets also trade between Bombay and
China, and the authorities at the former places
should be desired to send the fast boats to Suez,
and the slow ones to China. If the Marseilles por-
tion of the mail, either from Bombay or Calcutta,
which arrived first at Suez were hurried across tie
desert, it would reach Alexandria in about 12 hours.
It could then arrive at Marseilles, via Cagliari, in
five days. At present the Indian mail takes eight
days to reach Marseilles even after it has started
f. om Suez. The last mail took 13 days in reaching
Marseilles after the first portion reached
Suez. The Government has one of ita fastest
steamers, the Caradoo, at present at Alexandria
waiting for the Siamese Ambassador. Why not
employ the Caradoc in running with an express
portion of the Indian mail during this
anxious period ? Her Majesty's steamer Despe-
rate, which is at present also at Alexandria, coul I
attend upon the Ambassador. Why not sun • a
steamer from Alexandria to Constantinople, and
telegraph to London from the latter place ? The
distance between those places is not above half so
great as that between Alexandria and Cagliari, and
there is a telegraphic communication between
London and Constantinople. The Bombay mail
usually arrives at Suez first, because it has not the
space to run over or the stoppages to make that
the Calcutta mail has. It s arts from seven to ten
flays after the mad leaves Calcutta, and brings much
later news from Delhi. The contract timefor the
mail to reach Suez from Bombay is from 16 to 18
(lays. Now, when it is considered that some of
the mail 'packets arrive at Satz four or five days
before their time, there seems no reason to doubt
that if a very fast steamer were put on between
Bombay and Suez, and a similar one between
Alexandria and Constantinople, we might have in
London telegraphic news from Bombay in little
over a fortnight. It should be borne in mind that
both the Bombay and Calcutta mails are due on the
sth and 19th of each month. The Government
telegraphic despatch via Cagliari is due in London
on the 9th and 22d of the month, the telegraphic
despatch via Trieste is due in London on the 11th
and 25,h, and the telegraphic despatch via Mar-
seilles on the 12th and 26th. If these despatches
do not arrive at those times, then there has been a
delay through a slow boat, a stoppage at Galle or
perhaps a late departure from Bombay
which the authorities there would be
Madras,or Calcutta,
justified in authorising provided any great disaster
or success were likely shortly to happen.

IRELAND.

DUBLIN, MONDAY MOIININO.
TSB lILISU SEPOYS.

The rabid outpourings of one or two Irish jour-
nals in the Sepor interest have elicited a manly
letter of repudiation from a Roman Catholic gen-
tleman of position and influence in the county. of
Wexford. In a communication. addressed to one
of the local papers Captain Esmonde White, of
Newlands, Ferns, thus writes :
"I read in your paper the extracts frOM the Nation and
Dentocrcti relative to the Indian mutiny.. Thank good-_
nese, unless as extracts, they, were not likely to meat any
one's eye in this part of the country; and, thanks to
Provideace, the sentiments there attributed to the Irish
people are known in this country to be utterly:false.
But may not such statements carve slight mistakes
elsewhere, and shall we risk the chance that in any
portion of the work' even a few of our people shoUld
suffer under the false imputation of rejoicing in the
horrors to which our countrymen and countrywomen
in India have been subjected—or that the demon-
like acts- of the Sepoys meet the approval of even
one individual in Ireland ? We are iu this country,
in many occasions, extremely sueeeptible as to the fact
of the deeds of our army and navy being mentioned
as deeds of the English and not the British army and
navy, and we take every °Nor:eta:My e painting out how
freely Irish I-hod has been (and I trust ever will be)
poured out for the natiun's safety and glory---and in this
we are right. But are we only to assert our claims in
prosperous times ? Would it net be fairer and wiser
now to take our station by the. side of England, and do
it in a public manner 1 Three is a subscription on foot-
for the Hearers ; it is true we may all send our mites
separately, and such might -de very well under other
circrenstances ; but, as it, is-, won' i it not be possible and
well to get up some public subrcriptione. or pt least
arrange that subseriptions should be sent t, soma one
Person, and then all together forwerded by the
Lieutenant of the County, the very smallest sum being
considered acceptable./ And, on the whole being for-
warded, let it be accompanied by a public statement
that the people of this country are prepared in every
way to stand side by side with England in putting down
and punishing these miscreants. If this could be done
other counties would take it up, and we should then not
only have given the nubile lie to such statements as you
extracted, but we should have the proud feding that, as
we were ready to perform the duties demanded of us by
both loyalty and humanity in the day of misfortune, we
shOuld have an undoubted right to assert our claims
to the glory which will as it ever has, assuredly fol-
low the British army on Indian soil ; and never had
that army a nobler cause, and never (in defiance of
Nation and Democrat, I assert) had it more the
universal prayer of Irelaud for its success. With
all her faults Ireland is a gallant nation, and
where is there a man with a human heart but must
look with horror on the murderers of women and chil
drat), and wish ardently for their punishment I I am
going abroad with my children fur a few. weeks ; but,
throwing out this hint (which I really do from down-
right indignation .at .the paragraphs you extracted),
feel confident there are people in this country more fitted
L. than I am to carry it out, if it be considered right to
du so."
[ After all, these ebullitions .of disgust, however
• creditable to the writer, are but wasting of ammu-
nition. There are not two dozen persons in the
island whose sympathies are with Nena Sahib or the
▪ other monsters of the Indian mutiny.

OUR OWN DELHI AT HOME.

The last accounts from the East report that Delhi
is stillien the hands of the insurgents, anal likely to
remain so for a considerable time longer e but the
British Government are Making vigorous prepara-
tions to reconquer and re-establish their empire in
India, and no one can doubt their 'ultimate success.
The sacred city once again in the posss,-ion of the
conquerors they will not be likely to re Beat their fo' ly
of strengthening its fortifications, filling it with the
necessary means of resisting a long siege, and then
untrusting it to the keeping of the very people from
whom thsy hadteken it. Over 30,000 troops, with
necessary stores of war, have-already been sent from
England for India, and, before long, we shall begin
to hear of the terrib!e retribution that must fall
upon the heads of the native rebe's. Thera will be
much done that will never 'be reported, and many
a terrible massacre that will never thrill the nerves
of the European and American readers ; bat there
will be enough told to startle the 'civilised world,
and -new Macaulaya and Russells will gain renown
by reciting the horrors of the fall of Delhi." - Bat
we have a Delhi of our own Whielitas not yet fall, n,
ansl, from • present indications, .is not likely to fall
until long after the fate of the Easter() espital shall
have been sealed. We have not, like the British
in India, conquered
.a fottress -an+ then given it
to the enemy to keep f,r us, but we haVe permitted
an enemy to build one in the centre of our terri-
tory, where be has gained such power that he snaps
his fingers at. us in defiance, and we encourage him
still further to defy our power by sanding, so
feeble and inefficient a' force to coerce • him that
it cruusbles to pieces on its way. Our Delhi is the
Mormon city of Salt Lake, where a rebellious fana-
ticism; • both religions and -political, exists, snore
malignant and better organised than that of India.
It will inspire the Mormons with a feeling of con- ,
tempt for the central Government when they leain
that even the small expeditieu of 1,500 men, which
was sent out to quell their revolutionary and re-
bellious movements, has been unab'e to reach them
on account of imperfect organisation and the lack
of proper administrative talent. The wily and able
leader of the Mormons, who has boasted to his
deluded followers that he will be himself President
of the United States within five years, will turn
the failure of the military expedition against Utah
to good account for his own interests, and he will
doubtless attribute it to his own superhuman
agency. The main cause of the failure of Vie Ut
ih
military expedition is midi() be owing to desertions,
more than 1-3 d of the force having deserted since
it commenced its march. There must have been
som 3 wretched mismanagem nit which r ?fleets dis-
grace upon the War Department, if the, reports. be
tine that so large a number of deserlioes have taken
place. They are said to have been mainly from the
51h Regiment of infantry, and were, at the last
accounts, of daily occurrence. The reports from
Washington are to, the effect that it is the intention
of the Government to send forward more re-
cruits, and that the expedition will not be de-
tained. How this may be we do not know ; but
wo should say that the wiser course would be to
order the army for Utah, whatever there may
be left of it, into winter quarters, and, in
the meantime, make vigorous preparations
for sending an efficient force ea, ly in the spring.
As almost the enure population of Utah is cemposed
of the faithful and fanatical followers of Brigham
Young, they may be left to his tender mercies
awhile longer. However he may delude them as to
his own power and the inability of the Federal Go-
vernment to molest him, he labours under no, delu-
sion himself. The rascal will not have the audacity
to lay his hand, at least openly, on any official re-
presentative of the United States. He kuows too
well what would be the inevitable consequeuces to
himself of such conduct, and we need entertain no
fear for such United States' officers as remain in the
territory. In the meantime, before a new force
can be organised and sent to Utah, Congress, will
assemble, and among the first measures of the Ad-
ministration- will doubtless be one for the settlement
of the Utah difficulty. Senator Douglas has already
published his own views of what would be the pro-
per plan for Utah, and it is not unlikely that they
May coincide with those of Mr. Buchanan. Salt
Lake will have to be disposed of in some way by the
pr,sent Administration, and it.may not prove alto-
gether unfortunate if the military force which was
sent to awe the Mormons lute good behaviour should
be compelled to stop short of its destination until
some definite plan of dealing with them has, been
determine]. upon by the Government. But anoh a
consideration as this should' not exonerate the War
Department from the censure to which it is so justly
entitled. If au army of 1,500 men cannot be sent
in midsummer to the centre of our own territory
without the loss of more than one-third of its num-
ber by desertion, it argues very badly for the pro-
per organization of the chief arm of our military
defence.—Neiv York Times.

FRENCH INVENTIONS.

The priz3s awarded this year by the Societe
d'Encouragement pour l'lndustrie Nationale for
inventions and improvements in manufactures
have just been published. Gull me !ale were
awarded—To M: J. Dubose, for having executed
the first portable stereoscope, thus tendering the use
of that instrument extremely easy. Stereoscopes
are now sold in France to the amount of several
millions of francs. To M. Guerin, the inventor of a
system of self-acting breaks for rail way trains.
When the stoker has shut off the steam and taken
the usual precautions for stopping the train, the
effect is, that the nearer the carriages are to the
tender the closer they approach each other, so that,
while the last and forelast vehicles of the train are
still apart, the buffers of the first and second have
wire lily met, and their shafts are di ivea further in
than the.%) of the third, fourth, &e. This circum-
stance has been turned to account by M. Giierin,
for the buffers act upon the break while they are
being driven in, and the break resumes its former
position as soon as the train has stopped, in conse-
quence of the gradual action of the springs of the
buffers. These breaks are now extensively used on
the Orleans Railway. To M. I. Pierre, Pi ofessor of
Chem:stry at Caen, for his re-earches into the effi-
cacy of marine manures. To M. Fritz-Sollier, a ma-
nufacturer of Indiarubber article 4, for having re-
discovered a method (previously found, but ne-
glected, by MM. Saco and Jonas in 1846) for
transforming linseed oil into a substance resembling
caoutehoue, by treating it with nitric acid. This
new compound is now applied for making waterproof
stuffs, saddlery, &c. To MM. Gerard and Aubert,
for a process by which caoutehouc may, without
undergoing a previous dissolution, be rolled out into
thin leaves, threads, or pipes. They are also the in-
ventors of the alcalisation of that substance, a pro-
cess which renders it less brittle and much stronger
than vulcanised caontchoue. To MM. Perreaux
and Clair ; to the former for his India-rubber valves
and other improvements in instrument making ;
and to the latter for a new kind of dynamometer.
Medals of platinum were given to M. Derrien fur
his manufacture of artificial manure of invariable
fertilising power : and to M. E Muller, for a work
on agricultural and workmen's habitations. Silver
medals were awarded to Mr. Stanley, for his manu-
facture of articles in basalt and lava ; to M. Du-
meenil, for an improved plaster kiln ; to M. G-
au
donnet, for improvements in pianofortes ; to M.
Tripon, for a process of aquatint washing on store.,
imitating Indian ink drawings; to MM. Catnioy
and Colas, for gilt nails and a machine fur making
them ; to Dr. Benet, for a contrivance f .r washing
foul linen by pressure ; to Dr. Guyet, for a loom
for weaving at a very trifling cost straw mats for
gardening purposes ; and to M. Kle:d, fora plan
fur retailing good and nutritious food to the poor in
portions of the value of 5 cents. each. Bronze me-
dals were awarded—to M. de Luca, fur an improve.
ment in blow-pipes, producing an uninterrupted
stream of air by means of a hollow ball of India-
rubber acting as a reservoir; to M. Tr coon, fur an
improvement in the lamps called moderators ; to
MM. Lacassagne and Theirs, for a r, gulator appli-
cable to the electric light ; to M. Bruno, for a writ-
ing apparatus for blind people, consisting in a steel
point, producing letters in relief on a kind of paper
used for counterdrawing ; to M. Masse, of Tours, a
blind man, for a curious and ingenious contrivance
by which those who, like him have had the mis-
fortune to lose their eyesight, may express their
ideas on paper by means of printing types ;
to M. Colard Vienot, for an apparatus enabling
the blind to write music ; to M. Devisme, the
well-known gunsmith, for an improvement in re-
volvers, by applying to them the pt iticiple of the
Minie rifle ; to M. Vitard, a carpenter,. for. an in-
strument by which the cubic contents of timber or
trees may be ascertained off hand ; to J.
.Pouillon,
for a bed of a peculiar contrivance for pa. tients ; to
M. Heilbronn, for a process by which zinc may re-
ceive a coating of paint as durable as that which
may be given to sheet-iron ;to M. More, for a
flexible globe for the study of geography, admi,ting
of its being folded up like an umbrella ; to MM.
Lenz and Houdard,. for a system of pedals and
counter pedals in
pianos, by which the highest
notes may be simultaneously combined with the
lowest ; and lastly, to M. Tiget, for an economical
process of baking brlcks.—Gaitynani.