The Sun.
London, England, 1859-09-14 00:00:00

MEI I.SUN, LONDON WEDNESDAY EVENING, SEPTEMBER 14, 1859.

AMERICAN.
Senior Naval Officer—Commodore Tatniti.
AT OR NORTH OF SHANGHAI.
U.S.S. Powhattan 9 guns. Pearson.'
U.S. Chartered steamer, Toeywan.
U.S.S. Germantown
U.S.S. Mississippi

Nos. 4 and 5, 325 to 335 taels. Taysam, No. 1,
320 to 330 taels ; No. 2, 300 to 310 taels ; No. 3,

280 to 290 taels; No. 4, 260 to 270.
Tea, black.—The old stock has been in some de-
mand, and considerable sales have been made at
former quotations. A few chests musters of the
new crop have been received, and some of the teas
are expected in about 10 days. Tea men speak of
the most exorbitant prices. Settlements have been
—Congou (old) Ningchow, 3,300 chests, at 26 taels
to 27 taels, duty paid ; Hohow and common, 7,400
chests, at 16 taels to 31:1 taels, duty paid ; Pekoe,
700 chests, at 28 taels to 56 taels, duty paid.
Greens—No sales of old, but 3,800 half-chests new
Pingsuey have arrived, and been taken at 20 per
cent. dearer than last season's prices. Stocks—
Black, 7,000 chests ; green, 4,000 half-chests ; one
vessel has sailed for London, and five are on the
berth.
Freights—£2 to £2 10s. for tea, and £4 to £4
10s. for silk.

AT JAPAN.
U.S. Sure.-screw Fennimore Cooper, Lieut, J. M. Brooke

Mr. Horace Rumbold and the Count Kleskowski,
Secretaries of the British and French Legations,
proceed by this mail with despatches for their re-

spective Governments.
This deplorable affair may be productive of the
most serious consequences, and the prestige of
foreign nations has received a blow the effect of
which it will be difficult to eradicate. There
is no force in China sufficient to cope with
the emergency, and it must be nearly a year
at least before anything decisive can be at-
tempted. Mr. Bruce, we understand, awaits
fresh instructions and reinforcements ; meanwhile,
the news of our defeat will be heard through-
out all China. We sincerely trust that the
British Government will not look lightly on this
matter, for every effort must be used, if we would
regain our former position, or retain that which is

Ohio,

Exchange had a downward tendency until the
arrival of the 10th of May mail, when rates rose
again, and we quote bank bills, six months' sight,
63. 41d. to Gs. 41d. Credits 6s. 6d. ; on Bombay,
304 rs. ; on Calcutta, nominal ; on Hongkong, 24
per cent. discount.
Bullion—Bar silver, 17 dwts. better, taels 111.5
per 100 taels, Canton weight. Mexican dollars, 78
taels per 100 dols. Pekin gold, 98 taels touch, IG3
per bar of taels 9.7.3, Canton weight.
The export of tea from China to Great Britain is
1,358,8001 b. against 560,0001 b. last season, or an
increase of 798,8001 b. for 1859-60.
The silk export to Europe is 1,856 bales against
314, or an increase of 1,542 bales for this season.
Manilla advices are to the 16th of July. Current
clayed sugar 54- dols. to 5 dols. 3-16 per picul.
Hemp, 41 dols. per picul, and advancing. Ex-
change on London, 4s. 4i-d.
Our latest dates are from London, 10th June ;
Calcutta, 6th July; Bombay, 16th June; Sydney
13th May ; Melbourne, 10th May; Singapore, 16th
July.
The London mail of the 22d of May arrived here
on the 9th inst., and that of the 10th of June is
hourly expected. The steamer Lightning, which
arrived yesterday from Calcutta, via Singapore, re-
ports the mail steamer's arrival there on the 15th
inst., and has brought on the news. The outward
mail leaves to-day at 2 p.m.

THE LA SF!.

says --

left to us.
We believe the fleet is to be distributed among,
the various ports, to protect, if necessary, the resi-
dents there, as it is impossible to foresee the turn
events may now take. The general impression,
however, seems to be, that the great value of our
trade to the Imperial Treasury will prevent the
existing commercial relations being interfered with.
It seems clear, however, that the Emperor never
intended to ratify the treaty, and that his assent
was given as a means of getting rid of Lord Elgin's
expedition, and gaining time for the resistance now
so successfully made.
All remained quiet at Shanghai up to the 15th
inst., and little apprehension was felt. The news
had not reached Foochow on the 16th, which is our
latest date from thence.
At Canton matters remain as before.
From Cochin China we learn negotiations arc
still pending.
In trade there has been more activity during the
past fortnight. The following transacticns have
taken place here and in Canton. We give quota-
tions at the latter place, duty paid, less 2 per cent.

for cash.
Cotton.-Bombay, 9,850 bales sold ; stock 4,750
bales. ' Good to fine, 9.7 to 10.7 ; medium to good,
taels 8.7 to 9.7; common, taels 7.8 to 8.2. Madras.
-Sales, 3,200 bales ; stock, 2,520 bales. Fine,
taels, 9.5 to 10.1 ; medium, taels 8.9 to 9.5 ; com-
mon, taels 8.2 to 8.8.
Cotton Yarn.-There has been a local demand
freely met by holders. Inquiry has again ceased.
Sales, 1,520 bales. We quote Nos. 16 to 24, 36d.
to 40d. ; Nos. 28 to 32, 44d. to 47d. ; Nos. 38 to
42, 46d. to 49k.
Shirtings.-Gray, 17,300 pieces sold. Quota-
tions, 51, to 5 catties, 2d. 35c. to 2d. 40c. ; 6to 61
catties, 2d. 50c. to 2d. 60c. ; 6.1,- to 61 catties, 2d. 65c.
to 2d. 80c.; 7_l, to 7-1- catties, 3d. 25c. to 3d. 50c.
Whites, sales 1,500 pieces. We quote, 54 to 60
reed, 4d. 40c. to 2d. 50c. ; 62 to 66 reed, 2d. 75c.
to 2d. 95c. ; 68 to 72 reed, 3d. 20c, to 3d. 50c.
T-Cloths.----3,000 pieces quitted, at 2d. 9c. to 3d.
Long Ells.-1,500 pieces sold. We quote HII
scarlet, 9d. 20c. to 10d. ; H scarlet, Bd. 50c. to 9c. ;
H H assorted, 10d. to 10d. 50c. ; H assorted, Bd.
50c. to 9d. 40c.
Iron.-Uninquired for.
Lead.---:Sales reported of 1,200 piculs com Mon at
7d. 25c. to 7d. 40c. ; and 130 piculs, W B mark, at
7d. 80c.

SHIPPING INTELLIGENCE.
ARRIVALS FROM GREAT BRITAIN.

At Hong Kong—July 12, the Dolphin, from
Liverpool; July- 19, the. Cairngorm and the Lam-
mermuir, both from London ; July 21, the Jessie
Beasley, from Liverpool.
At Shanghai—July 2, the Challenger and the
Chieftain, both from London ; July 3, the Wild
Flower, from London.
DEPARTURES FOR GREAT BRITAIN.
From Foochow—July 7, the Julia, for London ;
July 9, the Glenclune, for Liverpool.
From Shanghai—July 4, the Woodville, for
London.

Sugar.—No sales reported.
Silk.-300 piculs, No. 1 and 2 LOongkong have
been purchased for England at 360 and 350 del. re-
spectiTely. A similar quantity of Kowkong has
been taken for India at 335 dol., and 450 boxes re-
ruled Kimchuck have been taken for America at
375 to 390 dol.
Tea.—Dealers having submitted to a decline of
2 to 3 taels, a moderate quantity of scented teas
have been settled. No new Congous have arrived,
and it is difficult to obtain any reliable information
regarding them. Chest musters are expected soon.
It is said that tea-men are trying to bring their
produce by a new route, the old ones being in the
hands of the rebels. Settlements comprise :
Scented orange Pekoe, 14,000 boxes, at 261 taels to
to 37 ; scented Caper, 6,000 boxes, at 18 taels to
33 ; Taysham Congou, 500 half-chests of fine, at 25
taels to 30 ; Hy son skin, 1,000 chests, 1,000 half-
chests, and 1,000 boxes, at 15 taels to 16, for Aus-
tralia; Canton gunpowder, 1,500 boxes fair
quality, 23 taels to 264.
No vessel has left for Great Britain ; five remain
on the berth, but there is little progress making in
their cargoes.
Freights are nominally the same, or a shade
lower. Tonnage su,,erabundant.
Exchange has been very irregular, and bank bills
on London have been sold from 4s. 9d. to 4s. 101-d.,
but only a small sum at the latter figure. First-
clase bills and credits 4s. 91d. to 4s. 101 d. Other
paper 4s. 10d. to 4s. 11d. On India 226 r. and
227 r. on Bombay and Calcutta—little done, and
rates closed with an upward tendency.
Bullion—Sycee silver 4 per cent. premium. Bar
silver nominal, 5 per cent. premium. Gold leaf,
22 dols. 12e. per tael. Gold bars, 22 dols. 20c. per
tael.

Amoy advices are to the 18th inst., but contain,
nothing important.
Foochow letters are to the 16th inst. Some small
transactions have taken place in imports, but prin-
cipally in barter.
Tea—The receipt of the 10th of May advices.
from London made purchasers cautious, and rates
declined 2 taels on medium kinds, and 1 to 11 taels
on the lower grades. This has, however, been fully
recovered by the firmness of tea-men, and prices
are as last quoted. Arrivals have been large. Of
Congou 30,000 chests, mostly of inferior quality;
Oolongs, 25,000 half-chests. No Souchongs have
come to market. Pekoes command extreme rates,
there being great competition in the country for
the Russian market, and a small supply. Scented
teas are from 40 to 50 per cent. higher than last
season. Settlements have been made of Congou,
17,300 chests, from 12/ taels to 30.5 taels, short,
the bulk at 19 taels to 24 taels for England.
Souchong-1,900 chests, at 24 taels to 29 taels,
short. Oolong-14,400 chests, at 18 taels to 28
taels short, of which about 7,000 chests, at 18 taels
to 23.5 taels, are for America. Pekoe-100 chests,
at 52.5 taels, and 360 chests, at 75 taels sliort.
Scented teas-800 boxes, at 23 taels to 34 taels.
StoCks—Congou, 31,000 chests, mostly medium
and good common. Souchong-3,000 chests, me-
dium sorts, some fine. Oolong-29,000 half-chests,
some very ordinary. Pekoo-400 chests, fair to fine.
Quotations are—Congou, ordinary, coarse, and
low, 13.5 taels to 15.5 taels short ; ditto good com-
mon to flavoury and Kaisow kinds, 17.5 taels to
26 taels short ; ditto Kaisow, 28 taels to 30.5 taels
short. Souchong—Fair medium to fine, 27 taels to
32 taels short ; finest, 37 taels to 40 taels short.
Oolong—Ordinary Foochow packed, 17.5 taels to
18.5 taels short ; 'common cargo, 19 taels to 20 taels
short; fair, 23 taels to 24.5 taels short ; good, 25
taels to 27 taels short; finest 29 taels to 33 taels
short. Pekoe—Fair, 52.5 taels short ; finest, 75
taels short.

Two vessels have sailed for London, and three
are on the berth, at £3 per ton.
Shanghai dates are to the 15th inst. The news
from the north created a panic among the native
bankers, and interest on daily loans advanced, to a
rate equal to 70 to 75 per cent. per annum, para-
lysing trade. This, however, soon subsided and
business was resumed as briskly as before.
• Imports have been in ghod demand. Shirting,
gray, deliveries 78,000 pierces; quotations, 51 to
ti
catties, taels, 1.8.3 to 1.8.8 ; 64 to 7 catties ; taels
1.9.6 to 2.2.0 ; 71 catties, taels 2.4.0 to 2.5.0.
Whites, deliveries 11,000 pieces ; common to fine
quoted taels 1.8.5 to 2.4.0 ; T-clothes quoted, taels
1.3 to taels 1.7 for 4 to 51 catty goo Is. Iron—
nail rod in fair demand, at taels 3.8 for good.
Lead unchanged—taels 5.1 to taels 5.2 per picul.
Silk has advanced 10 taels per picul, and has an
upward tendency. About 1,700 bales have been
purchased and sent forward by the present steamer.
Quotations are :—Tsatlee, No. 1, 385 to 390 taels ;
No. 2, 365 to 370 taels; No. 3, 345 to 350 taels;

mouth, is ordered to be prepared for immediate
commission.

Orders have also been received by the authori-
ties at Portsmouth to hurry forward with all de-
spatch the outfit of the Pearl, 20, screw corvette,
and the Mohawk, 6, screw despatch vessel.
The Perseverance, screw troopship, Commander
Power, has been moved into the steam basin at
Portsmouth for docking, repairs, &c.
The Arrogant, 47, screw, Capt. W. Edmonstone,
has been removed from the steam basin at Ports-
mouth, and berthed alongside the Victoria hulk,
where she will take in the remainder of her stores,
&c., prior to proceeding to Spithead.
The Fire Queen steam tender returned from
Portland to Portsmouth 1-14rhour en Monday even-
ing, with Admiral W. Bowles, C. 8., Major-General
Sir J. Y. Scarlett, &c., on board.

The screw steam ships Edgar, 91, and Neptune,
91, left Portland Harbour this morning under can-
vas for Gibraltar.

Lieut. R. T. St. Aubyn was yesterday appointed
additional Lieut. to her Majesty's ship Pemlnoke,
Lieut, W. A, Smyth to her MV. sty's ship

A letter from a naval officer to a contemporary

Various are the opinions propounded by different
correspondents to account for the difficulty of man-
ning our ships and recruiting our regiments. There
may be collateral causes, independently of the one
great impediment which I have already named in
a former letter upon this question ; but I am per-
fectly convinced, as I believe time will show, that
the only real difficulty to be overcome is the aboli-
tion of the barbarous lash. I am morally persuaded
that the time is not far distant when Englishmen
will look back upon the history of our country,
with reference to this tyrannical and degrading
practice, as the foulest blot on otir national escut-
cheon. I contend, sir, in behalf of the brave de-
fenders of our country, that the ordinary dangers
and trials to which they are daily subjected, in the
two services of the army and navy, should shield
them from the unnatural coercion of the lash. The
bare idea of such a degradation continually hanging
over them is calculated to unnerve them, and, of
course, the more respectable the individual, the more
susceptible of the disgrace attaching to it.
The Illustrated London News, of the 3d inst.—
which, to its honour, is repudiating and deprecating
the lash—seems to imagine that the difficulty of
overcoming this national abomination, in reference
to the navy, lies with a few old admirals. It says :
—" We know that some gallant old admirals, men
of experience of sailors, declare that it is utterly
impossible to preserve discipline without the lash,
and that the abolition of the punishment of flog-
ging on board ship would be fatal to the discipline,
and, consequently, to the efficiency of the British
navy" If this be true—which I trust, for the
honour of the navy, is not the case—then I for one,
say, that the sooner these old gentlemen are put
upon the retired list the better for the country.
But, sir, I demur to the statement that it is the
admirals who throw obstacles in the way of the.
abolition of the lash. As far as the admirals who
have publicly taken the most lively interest in
promoting its abolition, one of them, Sir Charles
Napier, as I have before quoted, says, " that in
the Baltic and Black Sea fleets, during the late
war, there was no corporal punishment, and he
was of opinion that the navy could be governed
without it." The name of Collingwood is alluded
to by the Illustrated London News. I take this op-
portunity of stating that that excellent old admi-
ral, as far as he was concerned, almost abolished
the lash in his day. This will be see by any one
who will take the trouble to refer to his memoirs.
But. sin, I will not condescend to argue the ques-
tion upon the opinion of this or that individual. I
view it simply upon the principles of justice and
mercy, and I again persist in declaring that the
martial law has no right to override the civil law.
Neither the soldier nor the sailor, by entering the
service, ignores his rights as a citizen, and Judge
Blackstone has observed, quoting Sir Matthew
Hale, that martial law is "in truth and reality no
law, but something indulged rather than allowed
as law.' In short, martial law, as far as the sailor
is affected, is a law for branding him with the
badge of slavery. It is high time, then, that the
wrongs of the defenders of our country should
meet with that public. reprobation which they de-
serve ; and if the newspapers in general were to
advocate their cause, we should soon have to re-
joice over the emancipation of a class of persons to
whom the country owes a debt it will never be
able to repay, As for the difficulty of keeping up
the discipline of the army and navy without the
lash, it is perfectly utopian. Let the poor fellows
be treated like human beings with immortal souls,
and as responsible agents. No men are more sus-
ceptible of kindness than the sailors, and if they
met with such Christian sympathy as was exem-
plified in the case of the late Admiral Sir W. Ed-
ward Parry, we should have no occasion for the
degrading lash. It may be said that his were
picked men, and perhaps they were ; and if the
lash, the* badge of slavery, were set aside, we should
have such a number of volunteers, that all your
sailors would be just such men as you require. I
should like to try the experiment. Of this lam
quite convinced, that, so long as the lash is con-
tinued, no bounty you can offer will man the ser-
vice, either the one;or the other, as recent expe-
rience has proved.
Much, very much, will depend upon the qualities
of the commanding officers, far more than upon the
men themselves. If you have placed over a crew
or a *regiment real gentlemen, and, above all, men
who can perform their duty without backing their
authority by a .profane oath—men whose own
moral qualities will form an example to those below
them—such influence would do more to gain the
esteem and respect of the men than any harsh
measures, by the lash or otherwise. Again, then,
I call upon the press to come to the rescue of the
poor soldier and sailor—their destiny is in its
hands. If the victory shall be gained, what will
follow P Why, these brave men will then sing
with a zest they never felt before, " God save the
Queen," " Rule Britannia," and give three such
hearty English cheers for Queen and country as
shall make the welkin ring again.

FROM TILE GAZETTE OF LAST NIGIIT

FOREIGN-OFFICE, SEPT. 9.
The Queen has lieen graciously pleased to appoint Ed-
ward Thornton, Esq., now her Majesty's Charge d'Affaires
and Consul-General to the Oriential Republic of the Uru-
guay, to be her Majesty's Minister Plenipotentiary to the
Argentine Confederation.
The Queen has also been graciously pleasedjjto appoint
William Garrow Lettsom, Foq., now her Majesty's Charge
d'Affaires and Consul-General to the Republic of Bolivia,
to be her Majesty's Charge d'Affaires and Consul-General
to the Oriental Republic of Uruguay.
COMMISSIONS BY LORDS LIEUTENANT._

De-
County ty of Dorset—Edward Castleman, Esq., to be De-
puty Lieutenant.
Althorp Company of Volunteer Rifle Corps—The Right
Hon. John Poyntz, Earl Spencer, to be Captain.
Reigate with Surrey Company of Volunteer Rifle Corps
—The Hon. William John Monson to be Captain ; Francis
Henry Beaumont, Esq., to be Lieutenant ; Henry Lainson,
Esq., to be Ensign.
Richmond or Ist Surrey Subdivision Volunteer Rifle
Corps—Morgan Yeatman, Esq., to be Lieutenant; Octavius
Ommaney, Esq., to be Ensign.
Royal Sherwood Foresters, or Nottinghamshire Regi-
ment of Militia—Lieutenant Wm. Francis Scully to be
Captain, vice Stanhope, resigned ; Ensign Wm. Ainsworth
to be Lieutenant, vice Jameson, resigned ; Ensign Jasper
Burne to be Lieutenant, vice Scully, promoted. The
Queen has accepted the resignation of the commission held
by Ensign Robert Felix Bower St. Clair.
Durham Artillery Militia—Lieutenant. Colonel Henry
Stobart to be Honorary Colonel; Major George Hall, late
of the Lancashire Artillery Militia, to be Lieutenant-Col.
Commandant, vice Stobart.
North Somerset Regiment of Yeomanry Cavalry—As-
sistant-Surgeon Boodle to be Surgeon, vice Crang, resigned.
Warwickshire Yeomanry Cavalry—John Digby Wing-
field Digby, Gent., to be Cornet, vice Wilson, resigned.
The following appointments are substituted for those
which appeared in the Gazette of 23d August :-
Ist Company of Northumberland Volunteer Rifles—Ed-
ward Potter, Esq., to be Captain; John Fawcus, Gent., to
be Ensign. •