The Sun.
London, England, 1861-03-20 00:00:00

THE SUN, LONDON, WEDNESDAY ',EVENING, MARL n 20,
_lB6l.

LONDON, WEDNESDAY, MARCH 20, 1861.

The Lords have got hold now of one argument
which is to serve for all occasions when measures
having the slightest bearing on Religions Liberty,
or Religious Equality, are brought before them.
It is nothing more nor less than this,—" Dissenters
really aim at upsetting the Established Church."
The merits of the measure are quite an unimportant
consideration. It might be a clear advantage to
the Church, a diminution of friction, a removal of
causes of a liberation from fetters—that is
all nothing to the purpose. If Dissenters are
among the prominent persons who support the
measure, it must be thrown out. To pass it would
be to acknowledge that Dissenters have power, to
relieve them from something they considera badge of
infecriority,would tempt them on to demand equality
of rank, privileges, and perhaps at last even of pay.
Dissenters must be taught by every method
that they are but Dissenters—that the lords of
England represent the supremacy of the Church,
and that Dissenters must patiently bear the pre-
scribed mark of inferiority, just as the Jews of
Vensce were once required to wear a yellow head-
dress.

List night Lord CHELMSFORD, avowedly from
reasons of this kind, which we have not caricatured,
moved the rejection of the Offices Qualification Bill
—a bill which has twice passed the Commons with
hardly anything to be called opposition. The object
is simply the repeal of a declaration to be made by
per Fons taking municipal office and certain high
offices in the State, that they will do nothing
in %virtue of their office to injure the Church of
England. It was explicitly designed by Sir R.
PEEL as a mark, as he expressed it, of the
predominancy of the Church of England. It was
worLderful that a statesman of his strong sense
should not perceive the utter futility of such a
declaration. Any Dissenter, who intended as
May.or to preside at a meeting against Church-
rates, or for the severance of the Church from the
State itself, could easily allege that he regarded
both, measures as a decided advantage to the Church
of England. We imagine there are a great many
Churchmen just now who would exceedingly like,
saving of course all the revenues, to be released
from the control of Premiers, and Parliament, and
Ecclesiastical law in its present form. Church.
rates, the Vicar of Frome, and other clergy-
men too, have shown to be a positive injury
to the Church, and thus on two great
points much discussed at the present
day, a Dissenting Mayor might actually, with
clergymen as his supporters, in virtue of his office,
do all he could to promote what Lord CHELMS-
FORD would hold to be great injuries to the Church
of England, if not its destruction. The Dissenter
would say that he did it all quite consistently with
his declaration.

To Churchmen, of course, like Lord CHELMS-
FORD and Lord DERBY, both of whom said they
had made the declaration, it is entirely superfluous.
It is equally so to men who are indifferent to all
religion, and to those who pay no attention to
formalities of such a kind. The only case
in which it could take effect would be in that of a
very scrupulous Dissenter, who was also a warm
anti-State Churchman. Such partisans of a cause
are, however, rarely amongst the most scrupulous
of men, they would simply laugh at the declaration,
interpret it to their mind—and as for over-
-4410113 men, not partisans—they, of course,
would not be the men to damage anything, except
by inaction, while their consciences were deciding
cases of
'ilTry which never trouble practical

men.

But, seriously, does the House of Lords really
intend to carry out this foolish policy of point-
ing to the opinions
the advocates of a
measure, instead of (3
adoptingt
course of considering h
measure itself, and
dealing with
it according t its real cha-
racter ? 11Th at on earth
are theews and
intentions of persons to legislator ',n
, except they
proceed to acts ? Are we really about to legislate
like inquisitors, to ascertain the faith of men, not to
look to their works, and thus to punish mere opinion.
The opinion against State Churches is as reasonable
as the opinion for them. We know nothing
of either in legislation. Let the proposal come
to abolish the State Church, and it could then be

dealt with. But surely if any class of persons come
forward and say this or that appendage of a State
Church, or of any of our institutions, is a grievance
to us, our lawmakers are entitled to look at the pro-
posal only, not at the creed of the parties, The
foolish argument we condemn has come afresh into
use since the Duke of MARLBOROUGH'S com-
mittee ; it is, however, but an old dodge mach in
vogue when the Catholic Emaneipation end
Municipal Reform Bills were passing.

On Friday—it will be perceived from Sir
GEORGE LEWIS'S intimation in the Commons last
evening—the First Lord of the Treasury will move
that the House on its rising shall adjourn over the
Easter holidays. The funeral of her late Royal
Highness the Duchess of KENT having been offi-
cially announced to take place on Monday next,
the 25th instant, has caused the customary date
for the commencement of the annual recess at
Easter to be thus by three or four days anticipated.
It is but a slight additional evidence of the respect-
ful sympathy of Parliament in the heavy grief of
the SOVEREIGN. And—considering the mere cir-
cumstance of the Funeral being fixed for Monday
—it was a supplementary mark of that respectful
sympathy on the part of the Legislature quite
inevitable under the circumstances.

After Friday, the 22d instant, consequently, the
Parliament will stand adjourned, as a matter of
course, until the close of the Easter ♦acation.
Upwards of a fortnight, in fact, no less than
seventeen clear days, will intervene this time, there-
fore, between the adjournment and the reassembling,
at Eastertide, of the Imperial Legislature. Upon the
Bth proximo, but not until then, after the rising
of the Houses on Friday, the Lords and Commons
will once more have assembled—this time perforce
in genuine earnest—for the despatch of urgent public
business. Thenceforth—after the Bth of April—
the session will have to run out in real work, and
vigorous debate, and decisive divisions, until the
announcement of the approach of autumn by that
prefatory battue of the innocents, by practice at
which members seem annually to get their hands
well in for the grouse shooting. Once the
Commons shall have assembled after the lapse of
the Easter holidays, we shall at length know all
about what none of us now have any
inkling of whatever—namely, the Budget now
preparing for the nation in the recesses of
the judgment of that profound financier and rhe-
torician her MAJESTY'S Chancellor of the Exche-
quer. As yet we can only give him
our good wishes for up to this moment
we can surely see nothing more plainly than the
formidable array of his difficulties. Whether he
will adventure upon any revival of his scheme of
last year to do away with the paper duties in a
year of deficit; whether he will determine upon
grasping boldly what last session he was so very evi-
dently hankering after, namely, a shilling instead
of tenpenny income tax; whether, having in 1860
facilitated the wine-bibbers' acquisition of claret, he
will as benignantly facilitate the poor washer-
woman's acquisition of that chief of all comforts in
life to her, her consolatory " dish of tea" ; or what-
ever else in this matter of the Budget may be among
the good or evil intentions of Mr. GLADSTONE—We
shall be left now to imagine for ourselves as we
list until the Easter holidays shall have duly termi-
nated. Then, towards the close of the first fortnight
of April, we shall have, but not until then, a
prospect of hearing Mr. GLADSTONE'S new finan-
cial statement. Then, but not until then, will come
the tng of war between those opposing Greeks, her
MAJESTY'S Government and her MAJESTY'S Oppo-
'sition. Parties being just now so equally balanced
that everything will really depend upon the course
pursued by the Intermediates, by such Interme-
diates, let us say, as the cluster of Irish members
or as the vigorous phalanx of the Liberal indepen-
dents. Both of thaw intermediate sections,
it is certain, have been greatly irritated
by the present holders of office—the former, viz.,
that of the Irish members, by the determined cha-
racter of Lord JOHN RUSSELL'S foreign policy
symbolised in the significant watch-word, of " non-
intervention"—the latter, viz., that of the Liberal
Independents, by the shameless abandonment of
Parliamentary Reform by the very Coalition raised
to power for its more successful and comprehensive
achievement. Revenge, no doubt, may be so ex-
ceedingly sweet to either or to both of these im-
portant sections of what we have, for want of any
better term, designated as the Intermediates,
that it may just possibly tempt them into
some hostile demonstration. Before that
temptation, however, can have arrived, .before
the conflict of the present session shall really have
commenced between the two great competing
parties in the House—it will be well for the
national interests, both at home and abroad, if
every man amongst those responsible Intermediates
avails himself of the calm of the coming Easter
Holidays for the deliberate and dispassionate con-
sideration, in the light of his own conscience, and
in the remembrance of his own constituents—the
consideration of what is really the course pointed out
to him, not by the mere impulses of revenge, but by
the loftier, and nobler, and purer dictates of high
principle, and of inflexible consistency.

Although Mr. DUNLOP'S motion—one very im-
portant, and even formidable, to our administrators
in its general character and tendency—failed last
evening, at the close of a singularly agitated and
profoundly interesting discussion, the object Mr.
DUNLOP had in view when bringing it before Par-
liament was virtually gained, by the mere fact
of the very debate at the close of which
the original motion was negatived. Twenty-
two long years have now elapsed since the period of
those Ministerial Doings into which Mr. DUNLOP
would now fain have had the Legislature institute
a searching though tardy investigation. The hon.
gentleman, in fact, moving for the appoint-
ment of a Select Committee of Inquiry—another of
these terrible Argus-eyed Committees of which we
have already this year gained such an
abundance ! A Select Committee deputed by
the House to search into the cause and nature
of those notorious and extraordinary discrepancies
which are observable in the Correspondence relating
to Affghanistan, presented to Parliament in 1839,
and the same identical Correspondence (only this
time enlarged and extended) presented to Parlia-
ment in 1858, that is, nineteen years afterwards.
The discrepancies brought to light upon a com-
parison of these two widely-contrasting reports of
the self same Correspondence—the one report tardily
entire, the other suspiciously abbreviated, or, as
Mr. DISRAELI hesitated not to designate that
shameless labour of elimination, absolutely, so to
speak, " castrated "—the astounding discrepancies,
we say, brought to light upon those two versions
of the self same Correspondence are such, beyond one
instant's doubt, as to justify all those words of earnest
reprehension with which Mr. DUNLOP and his
supporters backed up last night's motion for this
Select Committee of Inquiry. In repelling this
motion, it will be observed that Lord PALMERSTON
insisted that the passages omitted in the version of
1839 were really immaterial in themselves. If so,
however why, in the name of common sense,
Were they ever
omitted at all ? The insincerity of

this attempt at extenuation, however, was ren-
dered apparent upon the instant by the
flagrant manner in which almost in the
same breath the noble lord evaded (as Mr. BRIGHT
pointed out immediately afterwards), distinctly
evaded the question brought last evening under
the consideration of Parliament. It was not the
policy of the war, as the member for Birmingham
put it quite plainly to the House—it was not (as
the Premier tried to lead the House to
suppose) the policy of the war in Affghanistan that
was agitated anew by this motion ; it was simply a
question as to who, in 1839, had laid
before the House despatches—hew does Mr. BRIGHT
phrase it P—garbled, false, forged, mutilated !
Again, it was hardly fair for the' Premier to depre-
cate this motion as one needlessly raking up
events that occurred more than a score of
years since ! For—upon the very face of it
—the motion had reference not so much
to what took place in 1839, as to what the country
had, as recently as 1858, quite incidentally disco-
vered had then taken place, nineteen years previ-
ously. In the generality of instances, of course, it
is well enough to let byegones be byegones. But
here, as everywhere else, the rule has happily to
be proved by the exception. And it has been so
proved, we cannot but rejoice to think, in the very
instance brought last night under the consideration
of the popular branch of the Legislature. For if
Mr. DUNLOP found his motion (as he did) nega-
tived upon a division, he at any rate contrived
with admirable effect to provoke a discussion in
itself amounting to the most complete exposure
of the wrong of which he was complaining. Twenty-
two years have sped by since I that grievous wrong
was done, and yet at the end of those twenty-two
years the inevitable and inexorable brand of
NEMESIS has flashed exposure upon the falsifiers of
that Correspondence in regard to the long past war
in Affghanistan.

Those near and dear neighbours, Austria and
Russia, are now very much in the same predica-
ment. Each of them is making great political
reforms in its own proper domains, each of them
has an outlying kingdom claiming its old rights,
and claiming them through legal, and what
we might almost eall passive, action ; and
as if to make the similarity more com-
plete, each of them feels compelled to resume
the old title of " King" of the revived nationality.
The CZAR has to become King of Poland, just as
the Sovereign of Vienna has to seek again the
title of King of Hungary. Each kingdom, too,
has outlying portions which belong to its historic
national existence, and desire to be re-united with
it. Sclavonia, Croatia, and Transylvania seek to
regain their old connection with Hungary ; and
the portions of Poland seized by Prussia and
Austria respectively, would prefer to combine
again with the much larger portion of their nation
over which the CZAR at present rules despotically.

It shows to those who can look back on the course
of events since 1815, or even 1830, a wonderful
change in the policy of these despots. Apparently
they are as absolute masters as ever of the bodies
and souls of their people, and vast armies stand
ready to obey their orders ; but the times are altered
indeed. Instead of bloody risings, easily put
down by regular soldiers, quiet legal opposition
to illegal despotism is the chosen weapon, and
it proves to be the most effectual of all. There was
much of it in Italy, though :there the military
genius of the greatest man of his day had its full
share in the vast revolution. The bloodshed has,
however, been small indeed even in Italy—it was
chiefly the right of the people maintained by them-
selves with singular self-command and order, that
forced France and Europe to acquiesce in what
they did.

In Hungary, the inhabitants have peacefully
placed aa EMPEROR in the Last difficulty
millions of people say, as one man—give us our
legal, our historical rights. The EMPEROR has
just replied that he wishes to give Hungary all her
national rights, but will tolerate no infringement
on those of the Crown. Now the Hungarians do
not aim at the latter. The rights of the Crown
and of the people are defined by the same Prag-
matic Sanction to which he is compelled to appeal
to sustain his claim to be King of Hungary. He
cannot, therefore, put on the Hungarian crown
without being pledged to give Hungary a Palatine,
a separate Ministry and Administration, a Diet
which votes the taxes and the military levies, and
without withdrawing every German soldier from the
country. He would almost as soon part with his
heart's-blood as consent to all this, yet how he will
evade it remains to be seen. If the people will neither
rise and fight and give occasion for slaughtering
by his troops, nor yet pay taxes, nor conform to
absolute decrees—what can he do ? The Hun-
garians can afford to wait, while his ruin is ad-
vancing in Italy, and while his exchequer is being
drained of its last florin ; but he cannot wait. It
would seem as if he must become a constitutional
King of the old separate kingdom of Hungary, and
then away, all but, in name, goes the Austrian
Empire of METTERNICH, PALMERSTON, and
RUSSELL.

And can it be that the omnipotent CZAR is
entering into the same difficulty in Poland ? He
seems, however, to be aware of the difficulty of
his position, and the fate of the Italian petty des-
pots, and the perplexity of the young HAPSBURG
are not quite thrown away upon him.
His letter to the Poles is indeed a rather haughty
one. He tells them he might treat their petition
as null, but he graciously ascribes it to
" impulse," and only warns them by solemn
threats of the consequences, not to make distur-
bances and then found petitions on them. He
declares himself, however, a paternal reformer,
and his deeds are conciliatory. :He will
be known among the Poles henceforth as
King of POLAND—he grants them the right of
choosing their own municipal officers—he concedes
reform of education, that is chiefly, we presume,
re-introducing the Polish language into schools—
Count ZAMOYSKI, the chief resident Polish noble,
is placed at the head of the civil administration,
and thus Poland ceases to be, in form, a Russian pro-
vince, whose very language was doomed to oblitera-
tion. Ihis first step of recognising nationality is, after
all, a very great one; if patiently and prudently
used, it will lead to all the rest; and even this
generation, which witnessed what it supposed to
be the stamping out of Polish life for ever by that
brutal savage NICHOLAS, may yet see that life
Areuvsi
tvrei,athreie oseinp separated
bodyted of the
portions
n seizedatiobny, Prussiaan d
possiblyand
may even see Poland an independent kingdom. c

HER LATE ROTAL HIGHNESS THE DUCHESS OF
KEXT.—We are authorised to state that the funeral of her
late Royal Highness the Duchess of Kent will take place
at St. George's Chapel, Windsor Castle, on Monday, the
25th inst. The funeral will be conducted with the strictest
privacy, and no tickets of admission to the chapel will be
issued. It is understood that the Court mourning for her
late Royal Highness the Duchess of Kent will be for six
weeks.

A company has been proposed at Constantinople
under the name of the " Cotton Bank of Anatolia," for de-
veloping the cotton cultivation in Asia Minor. It is said
to be supported by the leading merchants of Smyrna, and
to have received the patronage of the British Ambassador,
Sir H. L. Bulwer, aad the co-operation of the grand
Vizier.

ROYAL ITALIAN OPERA.

A very welcome harbinger of "coming summer"
lies before us in the shape of the programme for the
Italian Opera season for 1861, just issued by Mr.
Gye, containing a degree of promise and novelty
which is pleasant to anticipate. In looking through
the prospectus of engagements, we may miss an
artiste or two who have become such familiar
favourites with musical spirits, that we feel a touch
of disappointment at being obliged to go through
an Italian Opera season without them ; neverthe-
less, there is so much offered that we must needs be
grateful to Mr. Gye for his indefatigable efforts to
satisfy the public and to do credit to his proprietor-
ship.

The leading sopranos will comprise—Madame
Ortolani-Tiberini, from Milan ; Madlle. Rosa Csil-
lag, Madame Miolan-Carvalho, Madame Didiee,
Madame Penco, Madlle. Corbari, Madame Ruders-
dorff, Madame Leva, and Madame Tagliafico. The
tenors are—Signor Tamberlik, Monsieur Jourdan
(his first appearance in England), Signor Lucchesi,
Signor Rossi, Signor Neri-Baraldi, and Signor
Tiberini (his first appearance in England). The
baritones consist of—Signor Ronconi, Signor Tag-
liafico, Signor Polonini, Signor Patriossi, and Signor
Graziani. The basses of—M. Zelger, and, probably,
Herr Formes. Mr. Costa, that distinguished and
unrivalled " director and conductor of the music,"
retains his post ; indeed, he is so eminently and
essentially incorporated with the successes of the
Italian Opera, that the orchestra without him would
be something like the constellation of the Ursa
Major deprived of its chief pointer-star.
The chorographic art will be chiefly illustrated
by Madlle. Zina Richard and Madlle. Salvioni, a
fresh slanseuse from Italy ; the former has already
won considerable laurels in the ballet department,
but Madlle. Salvioni is, we believe, quite new to our
boards. We may expect the same amount of grand
scenic effect that we have been accustomed to at
this theatre, seeing that the names of Mr. William
Beverley, Mr. Telbin, and Mr. Grieve are the pre-
siding rulers of the pictorial arrangements ; while
a great amount of completeness in their various
duties may be expected from chorus master, leader
of the military band, director of the ballet music,
ballet master, and "poet," when filled respectively
by Messrs. Smythson, Godfrey, Nedaud, Desplaces,
and Maggioni. Mr. A. Harris is still to be stage
manager, and he has already proved himself
thoroughly up to his business in every way.
The opening night will be on the 2d of April,
when Meyerbeer's great work, " Le Prophete," will
be produced, with Mdlle. Rosa Csillag as Fides, and
Tamberlik as Jean of Leyden. This opera was
produced last season, but had only six representa-
tions, however, such was the enthusiasm and
applause attending them that we imagine it will be
received with great gusto as the inaugurative opera
of the coming season. Rossini's enchanting master-
piece, " Guglielmo Tell," will be given during the
second week, sustained by such a host of co-opera-
tive talent that must render it a great and attractive
feature. Seven years have elapsed since its last
representation, therefore it will constitute a novel
allurement to a large portion of the musical public.
The " cast" has seldom been equalled ; the
characters being thus distributed, Iliatilde,
Madame Miolin-Carvalho ; Gemmi, Madame
Didiee ; Gesler, Signor Tagliafico ; Un Pesca-
tore, Signor Neri-Baraldi ; Guglielmo Tell,
Mons. Faure ; Arnold°, Signor Tamberlik ; and
Gualtiero (most probably), Herr Formes, with
considerable addition to the chorus. Verdi's new
opera, "Il Ballo in Maschera," which has created
some sensation in Italy during the last year, is to
be given, supported by a combination of power
which will conduce to afford it every possible ad-
vantage. Bellini's "Il Pirata" will introduce
Signor Tiberini as the principal tenor, thereby
fully testing his standard of singing. " Don Gio-
vanni" will be performed according to the original
text, and Gluck's classical work, " Orfeo a Euri-
dice" is promised ; which will be a great treat to
musical amateurs. We may sum up our notice by
saying, that from the rich character of the pro-
gramme, and the knowledge that Mr. Gye in-
variably keeps his word when he can, we can
safely predict one of the most gratifying and suc-
cessful seasons that the Italian opera or its audiences
have yet experienced.

ADMIRALTY WARNING SIGNALS.—The subjoined
warnings of danger were received yesterday at the Under-
writers' Rooms in Liverpool from Admiral Fitzroy, and
duly posted .—At 12 at noon, the message was, " A gale,
probably from N.W. to N.E." At 2 p.m. the message was,
"A dangerous wind expected; its probable first direction
from N. of W. or E."

A special meeting of the South Eastern Railway
Company is called for the 4th of April, to sanction a pro-
posed agreement with the Charing-cross Railway Com-
pany for the working of that line by the South Eastern,
and to consider two bills now pending in Parliament. One
of these is to enable the South Eastern to raise a further
sum of money, and to increase their subscription to the
Charing-cross Railway Company," whilst the second
authorises the Charing-cross Company " to make a line
of railway from their authorised line into the City of Lon-
don, with an additional line in Southwark, and to raise
further moneys," &c.

The impression gains ground that the Bank
directors will on Thursday reduce the rate of discount to 7
per cent. It has been remarked that, seeing the Court have
occasionally raised the rate on other days besides a Thurs-
day, they should, now there is the prospect of cheaper
money, advise an alteration without further delay. Pro-
bably they would have done so before this but for the threat-
ening aspect of affairs in America.

The next West India steamer is expected to
bring some rather considerable parcels of gold from Cali-
fornia.

The Austrian merchant shipping from 1853 to
1860 increased by 327 vessels of 133,696 tons, and in that
space of time it lost 225 by wrecks.

Under the new arrangements proposed by the
Chancellor of the Exchequer with regard to Exchequer-
bills, the improvement will be effected of causing them to
bear interest at so much per annum instead of per diem, by
which they will be assimilated to all other forms of nego-
tiable securities. Thus, instead of 2d. per day, which
yields £3 Os. 10d. per annum, or 11d., which yields £2 ss.
7,0., the rates adopted in future cases will be 2i or 3 per
cent., or any otter even sum that may be found necessary.
THE BRITISH ARAM—According to a Parlia-
mentary return issued last week the number of effectives
on the British establishment, not including officers, on the
Ist of February last, was 82,410 at home, and 64,907 in the
colonies. Of the Indian establishment, the numbers were
67,909 in India, and 13,429 in depots at home. The number
of embodied militia was 5,068. The average cost per man
of the British establishment, in 1859-60, was £54 4s. 6d.
THE NEW STREET CONNECTING SOUTHWARK
AND WESTMINSTER.—Yesterday and the preceding day
the materials of a largo number of houses, hop warehouses,
and other buildings in Counter-street, Coffin's-yard, Red
Cross-street, Southwark, were sold by Messrs. Pullen,
Everefield, and Horne, auctioneers to the Metropolitan
Board of Works, and notices of removal were given to the
occupiers of premises in Castle-street, in the Southwark-
bridge-road, the sites of which are required for the forma-
tion h the new street, the works of which are making rapid
progress in several points of the line. In the afternoon
workmen were engaged in piling down the buildings, the
materials of which were sold. The sites will be cleared
immediately, and an opening, extending from the High-
street to the Southwark-bridge-road, completed.
Mr. C. H. SPURGEON's TABERNACLE.—The pre-
iasinary meeting for the opening of this immense place for
Divine service was held yesterday in the school-room and
lecture-hall, When a grand fancy bazaar was hold, and at-
tended by upwards of 2,000 persons. The halls and rooms,
large as they are, were fully occupied with stalls. The
whole of the flooring was fitted up with seats made by Mr.
Greenfield, of Lambeth-terrace, and were greatly admired
for their elegant appearance and cheapness. In the bazaar
there were a peacock and peahen, two beautiful birds, the
upset price being marked at £4 4s. Upon the cage in which
they were confined were some verses, which commenced
thus :

" The birds you now see so youthful and gay,
Are sent by their owners the truth to convey ;
They feel much indepted for helps on the road,
To Charles Haddon Spurgeon, the servant of God.
To help a good cause they tender their aid :
Right glad will they be when the debt is all paid.
Then strive altogether, and lot the world see,
The Great Metropolitan Chapel is free."
Theladies at the various stalls did all they could to command
ready sales, and several hundred purchases were made ; but
the centre of attraction seemed to be a large stall presided
over by Mrs. Spurgeon, who had perhaps the most miscel-
laneous assortment of goods in the bazaar; for she not only
S
sold baby. linen, purses, pictures, and other fancy goods,
but also dealt in daggers—one taken at Delhi, and another
(if we correctly remember the fair lady's statement) at
Sebastopol. Mrs.
Spurgeon
natitriedt,haat/tahGeyeowrgoueißd obbeitrt3ro
dispose of these artipeurlssg,
,
useful to those fond of curiosities ; but had not found a
purchaser for them up to nine o'clock last night. The
bazaar is to be kept open until Saturday next.

.
GENERAL LICENSING MEETlNG.—Yesterday the
magistrates decided upon granting a spirit license to Nat
Langham, of the Cambrian Stores, Castle-streets Leicester-
square, on the condition that no prize fighting or other
nuisance should be permitted in the house. The app Ilea-
tion of Ben Caunt for a license for his house, the Coach and
Horses, St. Martin's-lane, was refused. Last year the
magistrates refused to renew both licenses on account of
the unsatisfactory way in which both houses were con-
ducted.

RAILWAYS in AUSTRlA.—Official statistics just
issued supply interesting details with regard to the earn-
ings of Austrian railways in the course of 1860. The State
lines in Venetia and the Tyrol, altogether 738 miles in
length, carried last year 4,378,663 passengers, and earned
£1,661,492; the lines conceded to French proprietors, ex-
tending over 799 miles, carried 2,020,200 passengers, and
earned £1,965,117 ; the Ferdinand, Theiss, Gallicia, Par-
dubitz and Reichenberg, Aussig and Toplitz, and Graz and
Kossac lines, carried, over 1,054 miles, 2,865,360 passen-
gers, and earned altogether £2,178,588; making a total of
9,264,233 passengers carried over 2,594 miles, and a nomi-
nal total receipt of £5,806,637. As, however, the receipts
of Austrian railways are derived from notes of which the
value is variable, a deduction of 30 per cent. must bo made
to arrive at the mean actual receipts, reducing the amount
to £4,064,003, or about £1,567 per mile. This amount is
9.6 per cent. below the earnings on the Prussian lines no-
ticed in the Times a fortnight since. The totals given above
do not comprise the Western line, the line from Mohacz to
Funfkirchen, from Brunn to Rositz, and from Wolfsegg to
Traunthal (the last has only a coal traffic). The receipts
of these lines, when ascertained will, of course, affect the
mileage total given above. On the Southern lines the goods
traffic amounted to 63.1 per cent. of the whole receipts; on
the Lombardian lines it amounted to only 33 per cent.; on
the lines ceded to French proprietors it reached 75 per
cent. ; and taking the whole of the lines of which particu-
lars have been given, the mean goods traffic was 701 per
cent., or 9.7 per cent. in excess of that carried on the Prus-
sian lines.

RAILWAY BRIDGE OVER THE RHINE.—The great
railway bridge over the Rhine at Kehl being nearly com-
pleted, experiments to test its strength were made on it a
few days back. First of all, the two turning parts of the
bridge were manceuvred and found to work almirably.
That of the French side, which weighs not less than 350
tons, was moved with the greatest facility by eight men,
then by four, and then only by two. Afterwards a train,
consisting of five locomotives and their tenders, the locomo-
tives alone weighing 175 tons, and the whole forming a
weight of nearly 31 tons per meter, passed over the line and
then remained stationary on the first part of the bridge on
the French side ; next, a locomotive and 15 waggons filled
with stones, weighing about 14 tons per meter, was driven
over, and was subsequently stationed for a time on the
middle of the bridge; in the third place, the two trains
passed over side by side, and were made to stand ondifferent
fixed parts of the structure ; next, two other trains, each
consisting of five locomotives, were also driven over the
bridge side by side, and were made to remain together some
time on the turning bridges and on other portions of the
structure ; lastly, these two trains crossed each other at
full speed. During the experiments the different parts of
the bridge scarcely yielded, proving the correctness of the
engineer's calculations and the great care with which the
bridge has been constructed.

The South-Eastern Railway Company have an-
nounced a fresh extension of their continental parcels sys-
tem, with the view of rendering the short sea route available
in a still greater degree for the largely increasing parcels
and goods traffic under the operation of the recent French
Treaty. Through rates with all parts of France have for
the first time been organised via Boulogne for parcels up to
2001 b weight. This system is in direct connexion with the
South-Eastern and the French railway companies, who will
forward the parcels by their quickest express routes, and
secure to the public the latest hour for the despatch as well
as the earliest delivery of parcels. As a large proportion of
the articles imported from France are subject to the fluctua-
tions of fashion, and are otherwise of a nature not suitable
for being kept largely in stock, an important accommoda-
tion to the trade will be afforded by this cheap, rapid, and
certain mode of transit. The parcels system of the South-
Eastern Railway now comprises through rates from the
chief towns in the United Kingdom to the principal places
in France, Belgium, Germany, Holland, &c., by all trains
in connexion with the mail boats between Dover and Calais
and Dover and Ostend, as well as by the express tidal ser-
vice via Boulogne. The new tariff just issued by the com-
pany contains through rates to about 500 different places on
the Continent, and approximate rates can be given to any
European destination.
THE NEW AMERICAN TARIFF.—The American
tariff is a topic much discussed among commercial men at
Newcastle. No complete copy of it, as amended by the
Senate, has come to hand, but the purport is tolerably well
understood. The chymical trade, the manufacture of alkali,
in especial, will suffer the most on the Tyne. A very large
quantity of alkali made on the Tyne has been exported to
the United States. It has been sent by steamer to London,
and thence transhipped on board regular traders for New
York. The duty to be levied on chymicals under the new
tariff will be equal to the price of the articles here, and will
be very near, if not absolutely, prohibitory. The duty on
coals heretofore has been an ad valorem one of about 25 per
cent., or about Is. fid. per tre-i (171 -^1
in future to be a dollar per ton, which will raise the price
anu Wear gas coal to about lls. per ton clear
of freight. This is about prohibitory. As all goods shipped
before April 15 will be charged at the old rates the freight
market for New York is showing more activity than at any
time since the misunderstanding between the North and
South ; but after that date it is feared that it will entirely
collapse. As the larger portion of the coals and goods sent
from this part of the country went out in American bottoms
the shipowners of New York and the Northern States will
bo severe losers. It seems that the coal shippers of Liver-
pool will not suffer in any degree by the now tariff. The
cannel coal of Lancashire, the price of which in the Mersey
is from 10s. to 12s. per ton, has hitherto, under the old
tariff, cost 13s. to 15s. per ton, free of freight, and it will
not be any higher under the new tariff, as the specific duty
of a dollar will about balance the charge of 25 per cent.
Trade with other parts of the globe continues to improv
with the spring. The violent gale that has been blowing
from the W.N.W. since last night has done no harm here.

THE YELVERTON FAMILY.—Lady Clanrnorris
has addressed the following letter to the editor of the Cornish
Telegraph :—" Sir,—You have given full prominence to
this case, and you will, no doubt, allow me space to correct
some errors in your last week's paper. You there say
(quoting the Cork Southern Reporter) that the Hon Major
Yelverton's great grandfather kept a butcher's stall in the
town of Newcastle, County Limerick, and that his grand-
father married his cook. A reference to the peerage will
show both of these statements to be erroneous. The Yel-
vortons have occupied a good position in society from a
very distant period. In James 1., Sir Henry Yelverton
was Attorney-General, and the Earls of Sussex (represented
by the late Marchioness of Hastings) are Yelvertons.
Major Yelverton's great great grandfather was Frank Yel-
verton, Esq., of Blackwater, Cork, who married Miss
Barry, of Lord Barrymore's family. His son Barry, who
was Lord Chief Baron of the Court of Exchequer, Ireland,
and Viscount Avonmore (my father) married Miss Nugent,
of the Westmeath family. His son, the second viscount,
married Miss Reed, daughter of a naval officer of East
Cam, in England, and whose sister, the widow of Sir
Thomas Bond, Bart., still survives. His son, the third
viscount (Major Yelverton's father), married Miss O'Keefe,
whose father was registrat: of the Court of Chancery. The
O'Keefes are a well-known and respected family in Cork.
Mr. O'Keefe's wife was a Miss Yelverton, of Belle Isle,
and his mother also a Miss Yelverton, sister of the first
viscount. Miss Yelverton's (of Belle Isle) mother was
daughter to Sir ti lick Burke, of Glynsk. For further par-
ticulars allow me to refer you to a statement in the
Illus-
(rated London News of the 9th inst. None of the family,
to my knowledge, ever resided in Limerick. I should not
have troubled you with these particulars did I not think
it unfair that the press should take advantage of this unfor-
tunate opportunity to circulate all sorts of ill •natured and
untrue reports.—l have the honour to be, sir, your
obedient servant, ANNA. (Baroness) CLANMORRIS.-15,
Clarence-street, Fenz Ince, March 16."

CONVICT ESTAIILISIINIENTS ABROAD.—The an-
nual reports from Bermuda and Gibraltar have been re-
ceiTed. At the close of tho year 1860 there were I,oo9con-
victs at Bermuda and 563 at Gibraltar. In the course of
tho year 280 had been sent from England to Bermuda, none
to Gibraltar ; but we had received back 552-327 sent home
from Bermuda to be discharged on " ticket of leave," and
from Gibraltar 17, with 203 whose sentence had expired.
As to the character of the men thus brought hack to us the
reports are not satisfactory. The chaplain at Bermuda says
that outward respect is paid by the prisoners to their re-
ligious teachers, and that:he is in hopes their labour is not
altogether fruitless ; but he adds that under the system of
association which is in force a large deduction must be made
from the beneficial results of the instruction. From Gibral-
tar the comptroller reports that he learns occasionally that
many of the men returned to England are doing well, but
that he should be deceiving the public if ho were to repre-
sent that with the masses of men committed to his charge
reformation to any great extent is progressing, and, indeed,
that with criminals in association day and night, as
these are, the hope of amendment must always be
very faint indeed. There are public works of great im-
portance at Gibraltar, ho says, sufficient to employ a thou-
sand prisoners for many years to come ; but, if reformation
is expected to go hand in hand with punishment, there
must be an-establishment analogous to those at Portland
and Chatham, where these combined objects can b e carried
out. Discipline appears to have been, upon the whole
well maintained during the year, notwithstanding an slur
five attempt at a strike in Gibraltar and two cases of serious
assault upon officers ; but men under sentence for life, o
for very long periods, become so reckless that it is very d4ifi
cult to manage them. It is stated that the estimated value
of the labour of the convicts at Gibraltar exceeded the ex-
penses of tha establishment. At Bermuda the majority of
the convicts aro confined in hulks, and the ohaplain made
grave complaints of the state of these a year ag3; but the
Governor reports that he visited them last summer wtAhtl
quite unexpected, and found them in good condition and
in admirable order. He expresses an apprehension that
the chaplain is under the infinence of some of the most
artful of the prisoners,

, ,
L A I _E , E \VS.

INSURRECTION IN BOSNIA.

♦IENNA, MARca 20.
The news from Bosnia is of an alarming cha-
racter.

The whole Herzegovina is in a state of revc-
lution, being supported by the Montenegrins.
The fighting has become general.
Several Turkish villages on the frontier have
been reduced to ashes.

NAPLES, MARcri 19.

All the Councillors are dismissed. The Council
of the Lieutenancy is dissolved. Directors will be
appointed in more direct communication with
Turin. There will be a Piedmontese Director of
Finances. This morning a grand and enthusiastic
fete was held in honour of Garibaldi. All is tran-
quil. The Civitella a del Tronto refuses still to
surrender.

PARIS, TU!SDAT.
The debate on the Address was resumed to-day
•in the Corps Legislatif.
M. Picard blamed the Government for having
granted such exorbitant powers to the Prefect of the
Seine, and demanded that the regimo established
since 1848 should cease. M. Marrast, Mayor of
Paris after the revolution of February, 1848,
thought that, under the circumstances, he had the
right of exercising a real dictatorship over the
Municipal Administration. He was wrong, but he
replied to the reproaches on the subject by dying
so poor that his friends were obliged to defray the
expenses of his burial. M. Picard said he did not
desire that the Prefect of the Seine should ever be
reduced to a similar extremity. (Laughter.) He
called attention to the speculations in building
ground, and maintained that it was possible to
grant to Paris what had been granted to Warsaw
—namely, the right of electing a Municipality.
Devinck defended the Municipal Administra-
tion.

After some remarks from MM. Clary and Heron,

M. Billault defended the Municipal Administra•
tion of Lyons. He examined the question of
buildings, and stated that, in consequence of the
increase of the population, the city had been com-
pelled to build 16,000 houses. "We are," he said,
"approaching a time when rents will be lowered."
He expressed his astonishment at the insinuations
of M. Picard, and said,—" If there exist distinct
and grave facts let them be stated. Justice shall be
done. You must cease making accusations which
are not distinctly expressed, and reproaches which
are not explained."

M. Picard.—The Minister must be aware that the
press law of 1852 does not permit proof by witnesses
in matters of defamation. The Court of Control
has also testified to the irregularity of the respon-
sibility. I denounce an Administration which can
sell ground of the value of 135,000,000 f. without a
public adjudication, and without any legal contract.
An elected Municipality can alone offer guarantees.
M. Billault refuted the assertions of M. Picard.
The amendment was rejected, and paragraphs
13, 14, 15, and 16 were agreed to.

M. Jules Fa vre proposed an amendment to para-
graph 17, regretting the re-establishment of the
military system of administration in Algeria. He
explained and condemned the inconveniences of the
military system, which, he said, paralysed coloni-
sation.

General Allard, the Government Commissioner,
said he would reply to M. Favre to-morrow.
The Chamber tben adjourned.

PARIS, WEDNESDAY.

The 2lfoniteur, in its bulletin of to-day, an-
nounces that the convention prolonging for three
months the duration of the occupation of Syria has
been signed by the representatives of the different
Powers.

WARSAW, MARcll 20.

The Imperial manifesto respecting the emanci-
pation of the serfs has produced the most satis-
factory impression at Warsaw.
A deputation from the delegation of citizens
immediately complimented the Polish noblemen
and the agricultural societies -which recently
and spontaneously recommended the emancipation
of the serfs. They also expressed a hope that
reforms concerning the Polish peasantry will
soon be carried out.

ROME, MARCH 19.

In the Consistory held yesterday the Pope, in
reply to those who have asserted that the Papacy
is incompatible with civilisation, said that, on the
contrary, the present Papacy had always contri-
buted to the diffusion of real civilisation. The
Pope declared that he was only opposed to that
pretended modern civilisation which persecutes the
Church, imprisons her cardinals, bishops, and
priests, suppresses religious orders, despoils the
Church, and tramples justice under foot. Ho
deplored that the Concordat had been violated in
the kingdom of Naples. The Pope declared that
he would spontaneously have granted concessioo,
and would have accepted those which have been
counselled by the Catholic Sovereigns, but that he
could not receive the counsels and unjust demands
of a usurping Government. In conclusion, the
Holy Father deplored the subversion of all
authority, and promised forgiveness to all who had
been misled. He confided, he said, the cause of
the Church to God, the avenger of justice and
right.

ROME (via Marseilles) MARCH 16.

It is asserted that the Pope has received an
autograph letter from•the Emperor of the French.
General Goyon only prevented a manifestation on
the 14th inst. by a great display of military force.
On the following morning, however, placards
favourable to King Victor Emmanuel were posted
up in every street. In the halls of the Academy of
the Fine Arts and in the univ?rsity great cheering
was raised by the students in honour Pf the King of
Italy. Several of those who had posted up pi:wards
have been arrested.

A Papal Zouave, who had taken part in a dis-
turbance in the Cafe Colonna, resulting from a
political discussion, was arrested by a detachment
of French gendarmes.

MARCH 17.

During the night of the 13th inst. placards were
posted up in this city bearing the portrait of Victor
Emmanuel, with the title of King of Italy. Ten
persons have been arrested on this account.
The French have prevented the hoisting of the
nationAl flag on the summit of the Antonnius
column.

Demonstrations in favour of Victor Emmanuel
have taken place to-day in the university and in
the Academy of Fine Arts.
A Consistory of cardinals for the nomination of
12 bishops will be held to-morrow.

The Pope will deliver an allocution, concerning
which several reports are current.
It is said that his Holiness will mention an auto-
graph letter of Napoleon 111., declaring that he had
Prohibited V,i?,tor Emmanuel from occupying the

Romagna, and a letter of Victor Emmanuel stating
that he occupied the Romagna by the advice of
Napoleon 111.

NAPLES, MARCH 18, 2.50 r.M.

It is stated here that Civitella del Tronto capitu-
lated yesterday evening before the arrival of the
French officer who brought the order of Francis IL
An armistice had already been granted.
To-day the garrison and the artillery of the castle
saluted the proclamation of the kingdom of Italy.
Garibaldi's birthday will be celebrated to-morrow
by the association of the workmen of Naples.
The successor of Liborio Romano has not yet
been appointed.

General Fergola arrived here today from Mes-
sina, accompanied by the staff.
Naples and the provinces are tranquil.

NAPLES, MARCH 16.

Liborio Romano, before tendering his resigna-
tion, ordered the publication throughout the king-
dom of his report to Prince Carignano, in which
he pointed out what measures should be taken for
the public safety,
Liborio Romano also ordered the celebration of
Garibaldi's birthday throughout the kingdom on
the 19th inst.

ST. PETERSBURG, MARCH 19.

A committee has been appointed for the uniform
regulation of the affairs of the serfs. It will be
presided over by the Grand Duke Constantine.
The imperial manifesto has produced a good im-
pression at St. Petersburg and Moscow.

FRANCE.

PARIS, TUESDAY.

The Emperor and the Court have gone into
mourning for nine days for the late Duchess of
Kent. During the first five days full black will be
worn, and the last four half mourning.
The Emperor, as has been stated, was present at
the first representation of " Tannhauser" at the
Grand Opera. Both his Majesty and the Empress
honoured the second performance with their pre-
sence.

The Constitutionnel says :—" Several journals an-
nounce the publication of a new pamphlet by
Viscount de la Gueronniere on the Roman ques-
tion ; but we are able to declare that the statement
is not exact."

BOURSE, March 19.—The market still continues
languid as regards the amount of business, but the
prices of yesterday have been pretty well main-
tained, Threes, for the Account, alternating between
68f 40c and 68f 35c. Railway shares have been
rather offered. For some little time before the close
stock became offered by parties desirous of realising
previous profits, and prices gave way. The follow-
ing are the last quotations :

4f per per Cents ... 95 60 Credit Fonder 935
Do. ead month.... 95 65 I Belgian 4} lOO
3 per Cents
Do. end month 6B 15 I Roman
Bank Shares 2885 I Austrian
Credit Mobilier.... 665 Spanish Threes 47k
Do. Account 667 50 1 Home Debt
RAILWAYS.

Cash. Amount.
Orleans 1425 .. 1427 50
Northern 970 .. 970
New ditto 9OO .. 900
Lyons and Mediterranean 952 50 .. 953 75
Geneva 395 ..
Southern 533 75 .. 532 50
Western
Eastern
Sardinian — ..
Austrian
Lotrbard , .

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. , • \ 'rt..' ,
1111; ' f s --•, 2 '
7' '
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ri, Z. • - ..,. P.' ,Z..":. -J, . ,i' ' - ... `.. 4...• \ '.. 5P„,,,,e,./...
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.... 4:' ,'.:.1......,,, ! t.' ~..,„,,,Z4 hp:7).1,,z,
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THE SUN.