The Sun.
London, England, 1861-08-16 00:00:00

TEOROLOGICAL REPORTS.

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~etween 8 and B. E. M. D. F. C. L S
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renzanek

LITERATURE.

Lives of the bachelor Kings of England. By Agnes
Strickland, author of " Lives of the Queens of
England," &c. Simpkin, Marshall, and Co.

Miss Strickland is so well known as the first of
our feminine historians, that a fresh work from her
pen cannot fail to attract the attention of the read-
ing community. The volume before us forms a sort
of supplement to her largest and best known work,
on the lives of our English Queens, since it fills up
the gaps left in that interesting series by the inter-
vening reigns of kings without consorts. These
were but three in number, two of whom were never
possessed of uncontrolled authority. The hist•:ry
of their reigns, however, illustrates very eventful
epochs, and !the characteristics of their times arc
thus briefly alluded to in the preface :

In the reignof William Rufus we trace the commencement
of our national greatness, the dawn of the age of chivalry,
of poetry, historical literature, and of the fine arts, as inai-
cated in illuminated penmanship, monumental sculpture,
and, above all, the glorious style of architecture, which
for strength and beauty has never been surpassed,
With the life of Edward V. we enter upon a still more in-
teresting era; the erection of England's first printing press
—that true organ of civilisation and liberty—was coeval
with his birth. He was the first prince in whose education
printed books were used, and one of the earliest works
printed in England was dedicated to him.
The life and reign of our third bachelor King, Edward.
VI., are blended with the third momentous period of Eng-
lish history, that of the Reformation. Much curious infor-
mation is introduced into this portion of the volume, de-
rived from sources noC accessible to the general reader, of
the personal characteristics and court of our first Protes-
tant Sovereign—

" Who, born to guide such high emprize,
For Albion's weal was early wise.
Alas I to whom the Almighty gave
For Albion's sins, an early grave I"

The reign of Edward V. was merely nominal. In the
reigns of William Rufus and Edward VI. the absence of a
queen was severely felt. Female royalty has always been
most beneficial to England, both from its refining influence
on the manners of the court, and the impetus it has given
to trade, the encouragement of domestic manufactures, and
the, employment of native produce and native industry.
4. court without ladies," observed Francis I. of France,
4,
without flowers." But a court full of
ladis. like a spring
without a queen, would soon fall into disrepute with
the nation at large. It is, therefore, sincerely to be hoped
that we may never bo required to write the Biography of a
Bachelor King of Great Britain.
The distinction drawn by Miss Strickland in her
last paragraph refers to the fact of Edward VI.
having been the last' King of England—the next male
sovereign, James 1., assuming the more impressive
title of King of Great Britain. William Rufus, of
sporting memory, bears the same character in Miss
S trickland's pages as in those of most other histo-
rians. She shows him some favour, however, by
recording occasional acts of impulsive generosity
on his part nut always mentioned. Some tales
less to his credit are told, such as his indignant
query in answer to a remonstrance on a broken
pledge—" Whether it were possible for a king to
keep all his promises ?" With regard to the accu-
sation' frequently brought against the Norman
kings of the introduction of the game laws, the au-
thoress observes that they were bitterly complained
of during the Danish rule and probably were among
the impositions of the .Romans. There is no doubt,
however, of the cruel severity with which both
the Williams revived and enforced them, and those
who remembered the depopulated villages which
had made way for the hunting grounds probably
saw a direct retribution in Rufus's violent death.
While preparing for the fatal sport, an armourer
craved permission to present the king with six new
arrows. The king received them with pleasure,
kept four for himself and gave two to his favourite
Pyrrel saying, "The sharpest arrows for the best
marksman." The architectural achievements of thc.4
Red King's reign are his most remarkable exploits,
although the money necessary for them was
extorted from an oppressed and heavily taxed
people. He completed the Tower of Lon-
don, built London Bridge, finished Battle
Abbey, and rebuilt a great part of the me-
tropolis which had been destroyed by a conflagra-
tion and a hurricane, both of which calamities
were attributed by the superstitious to the king's
evil ways. " This William," says an old chronicler,
was much addicted to building royal castles and
palaces, as the castles of Dover, Windsor, Norwich,
Exeter, the banqueting-hall at Westminster, and
many others can testify. Never was there a King
of England before him that erected so many and
such noble edifices." The reign of the hapless little
monarch, Edward V., in necessarily very short,
though many interesting particulars of the young
prince's brief career are given, from his birth in
Westminster Sanctuary to his burial in the
Wakefield Tower. This part of the Tower
had been strengthened and improved with great
cost by Edward IV. Well might a poet of the time
make the royal father say—

" I made the Tower strong, I wilt not why,
Knew not for whom."
One of the most interesting incidents in the short
life of this prince was the following :

It was during "the glorious summer of the house of
York," when no one foresaw the train that selfishness was
getting ready for explosion and sudden downfall, that
patronage for the first book printed in England was claimed
from the young Prince of Wales. The claim was appropriate
enough, as the infant printing press sprang to birth within
a few feet of the spot where young Edward of the Sanctuary
first saw the light. It has been mentioned that the
Almoury of Westminster Abbey almost abutted on the
Sanctuary, and in this building had the Abbot of West-
minster given Caxton, the goldsmith, leave to set up his
printing presses and work them, when the distribution of
alms was not going forward. Possibly the first sounds that
fell on the ear of the royal child of the Sanctuary was the
working of that press which was the precursor of all his
country's subsequent literature.

the life of Edward the Sixth is naturally the
longest in the book, and bears full testimony to the
precocious intelligence, gentleness, and piety of
this short-lived monarch. His spirit of toleration
was far in advance of his age, and he strongly ob-
jected to the extent to which religious persecution
was carried in those days. A remarkable proof of
the powers of reflection and judgment possessed by
the King exists in an essay written by him on
the various evils and abuses which he wished the
Parliament, then sitting, to consider. After many
wise remarks, the young King says :

" Devising of good laws, I have shown ray opinion here-
tofore what statutes I think most necessary to be enacted
this sessions. Nevertheless I would wish that beside them
hereafter, when time shall serve, the superfluous and
tedious were brought into one union together, and made
more plain and short, to the intent that men might the better
understand them, which thing shall much help to advance
the profit of the commonwealth."
How often, observes Miss Strickland, has a wish
for the consolidation and simplifying of the statutes
been echoed during the last three centuries by wise
and learned men, without their being aware that
the first suggestion of the expediency of such a
measure emanated from this youthful Sovereign.
On one occasion, Ridley. Bishop of London, pre ached
before Edward VI., at Westminster, on the duties
of the rich, and especially those in authority, towards
the poor. The young King, impressed by the pic-
ture of the sins and sorrows which he was told
abbanded in London, without any heeding or tend-
ing them, immediately caused inquiry to be made
on the subject by the Lord Mayor and other autho-
rities. The result of their deliberation was,
" That the poor of London might be divided into
three classes. The poor by impotency, such as
young fatherless children, the decayed, the crippled
and the old. The poor by casualty ; as the maimed,
the sick, and the diseased. Thriftless poor, whom
idleness and vice had reduced to indigence and
want." Three asylums were accordingly founded
for the relief of these-three classes. Christ's Church
School, from the monastery of the Grey Friars, for
the education of poor children ; St. Thomas's os-
pital for the relief of the sick and diseased ; and
Bridewell for the correction and amendment of the
idle and vagabonds. For the latter purpose Edward
gave his Royal Palace so called. Holbein's
painting of the young King presenting the charter
opfreeßerrvidedew,
andell itto
is
tfhroem Lordthat picture
trait of King Edward, given inMayor this hastvhoalut
mt he
e, bapeseerna-
vignette, representing the ceremony, is taken.
The young monarch was then sinking under his
slow but inexorable doom, and his air is conse-
quently expressive of langour and pensiveness. It
seems, however, that in the days of health his bearing
was spirited and cheerful. It might teach a lesson
to older and more powerful rulers that the three great
institutions alluded to should owe their origin to
an inexperienced youth's immediate application of
a moral lesson. " Thirty-nine free schools and
several hospitals," says 11Iiss Strickland, were
founded during the brief reign of Edward VI., the
pieresodnaylouinngfluseonvcee-
reign." amnadj majority
iofifcetnhceemo
of
ththroisugah thccomeplsh
Well might the nation deplore the loss of
a prince who promised to rule so well and so wisely.
In his short reign hampered as he was by those
around him, he left more tangible legacies to pos-
terity than most of our kings have done. Three
'handsome portraits adorn this volume besides
numerous small engravings. Although filling up,
as we have said, the broken links in the chain of
English history existing in the lives of the Queens,
the volume is complete in itself, and will amply
repay the reader for its perusal, independently of its
connection with its authoress's celebrated work.

It is stated that Sir Edward Coey, the mayor of
Belfast, who was knighted the other day, entered Belfast
in his pocket. Now he is one of the
a poor boy about forty years ago, seeking employment
without a shilling
wealthiest men in the community. He has purchased, at a
cost of £BO,OOO, the ancestral estate of the Earl of Antrim,
and he now ranks among the leading gentry of his native
country.
LAMLASII, Aug. 13.—The following
was picked
up in a bottle at Lamlash Quay on the 12th of August:—
" Gone down in the Bay of Bi,cay, the screw steamer Hiero.
Have taken to the boats, but don't expect to see land again.
May the Lord have mercy on. us I—Josh SoRsTON, First
Mate. July 17, 1861,"

THIRD EDITION.

SUN OFFICE, Seven o'clock.

LUDLOW RACES.—(7his Day.)

(BY ELECTRIC TELEGRAPH.)

CORPORATION PLATE.

Spicebox .............. ..................... ...... I
Deserter
...................................
Two ran.
WESTON HANDICAP.
- -

Nightingale __
Medora ..... ............
Northam

-iiX ran.

LONDON GAZETTE-(7ITIS 1? TPEATTIVG).

--,..--".---

OSBORNE, AUG. 5.

The Queen was this day pleased to confer the honour of
Knighthood upon Roundel' Palmer, Esq., her Alajest), .s
Solicitor-General.

TREASURY CHAMBERS, AUG. 12.

Tho, Lords Commissioners of her Majesty's Treasury have
been pleased to appoint the Right lion. Lord Stanley, M,P.,
to be a Trustee of the National Portrait Gallery.
WAR-OFFICE, AUG. 16.

Ist Regiment of Dragoon guards—Lieutenant Charles
Levett to be Captain, by purchase, vice Walter Clopton
Wingfield, who retires ' - Cornet William Potter Stephen-
son to be Lieutenant, by purchase, vice Levett.
3d Dragoon Guards—First Lieutenant Henry Langtry, from
Antrim Artillery Militia, to be Cornet, by purchase, vice
Dawson, promoted.
6th Dragoon Guards—Lieutenant Henry Reginald Forster
has been permitted to retire from the Service, by the sale
of his Commission.
Bth Light Dragoons—Lieutenant Walter Tuckfield Golds-
worthy to be Adjutant, vice Michael Clarke, who resigns
that appointment.
13th Light Dragoons—Captain Fitz Roy Donald Maclean
to be Major, by purchase, vice Alexander George Dick-
son, who retires; Lieutenant Walter Sydney Tucker to
be Captain, by purchase, vice Maclean; Cornet William
Mitchell Ines to be Lieutenant, by purchase, vice
Tucker.
Royal Artillery—Surgeon Thomas Connor O'Leary, M. 8.,
from the 45th Foot, to be Surgeon, The Commission
of Paymaster William Shepherd to be antedated to the
14th May, 1861.
Coldstream Guards—William Chafyn Grove, Gent., to be,
Ensign and Lieutenant, by purchase, vice Carter, pro-
moted.
let Regiment of Foot—Lieutenant George Hall, from half..
pay, late Land Transport Corps, to be Lieutenant, vice
Samuel Seggie, appointed Quartermaster 9th Light
Dragoons.
4th Foot—Ensign John Rimington Sharp, Gent., to be
Ensign, by purchase, vice George Hall Hall, who retires.
11th Foot—Ponsonby Sheppard, Gent., to be Ensign, by
purchase, vice Watson, promoted ; Denis Bingham,
Gent., to be Ensign, without purchase, vice Alexander
Willoughby Montgomery Moore, appointed to the 97th.
_ Foot.

13th Foot—Major Henry Christopher Marriott, from the
82d Foot, to be Major, vice Brevet Lieutenant-Colonel
George Latham Thomson, who exchanges.
15th Foot—Alfred Sebastian Boom, Gent.,. late Ensign,
Elthorne Militia, to be Ensign, without purchase, vice
Thomas Prince Lloyd, appointed t] the 93d Foot.
16th Foot--Captain and Brevet-Major Richard John
Evans, from the 27th Foot, to be Captain, vice John G.
Dartnell, who exchanges.
17th Foot—Charles Earnest Gaitskill Burr, Gent, to be
Ensign, by purchase, vice Dwyer, promoted.
20th Foot—Ensign George Frederick Harris to be Lieute-
nant, by purchase, vice Frederick Fox, who retires.
27th Foot—Captain John George Dartneil, from 16th Foot,
to be Captain, vice Brevet-Major Richard John Evans,
who exchanges.
33d Foot—Major Arthur Sisson Cooper, from half-pay, late
25th Foot, to be Major, vice Thomas Wickham, who re-
tires upon ball-pay.
43d Foot—Spencer Perceval Talbot Nicholl, Gent., to be
Ensign, by purchase, vice Tod, promoted.
4.5 th Foot—Staff-Surgeon-Major William Home Fairbairn,
M.D., to be Surgeon, vice Thomas Connor O'Leary,
M. 8., appointed to the Royal Artillery.
47th Foot—Quartermaster, with the honorary rank of Cap-
tain, John Dunlop, from half-pay, 75th Foot, to be Pay-
master, vice Captain Henry Charles Watson, appointed
Paymaster of the School of Musketry.
48th Foot—Lieutenant Arthur George Wyse to be Captain,
without purchase, vice Cairnes, promoted.
55th Foot—Staff-Surgeon Thomas Parr to be Surgeon, vice.
Henry Somers, M.D. deceased.
63d -Foot—Captain Falkland Townshend Logan Paterson
to be Major, by purchase, vice Charles Le Mesurier, who
retires; Lieutenant George W. Clutterbuck to be Cap-
tain, by purchase, vice Charles Celquhoun Pye, who re-
tires; Lieutenant John Richard Ramsbottom to be Cap-
tain, by purchase, vice Paterson ; Ensign Thomas At-
kinson to be Lieutenant, by purchase, vice Clutterbuck ;
Ensign Thornton Scovell to be Lieutenant, by purchase,
Tice Richard Halliday Archer, who retires; Ensign John
Pollard Mayers Burton to be Lieutenant, by purchase,
vice Ramsbottom ; Gentleman Cadet Henry Nicholas
Bayly, from the Royal Military College, to be Ensign,
by purchase, vice Atkinson ; Alexander Hovenden. Goldie
Taubman, Gent., to be Ensign, by purchase, vice See-
yell; Thomas Foster, Gent., to be Ensign, by purchase,
vice Barton; Lieutenant Charles Henry Kintthan to be
Adjutant, vice Clutterbuck, promoted.
78th Foot—Ensign Andrew Murray to be Lieutenant, by
purchase, vice Malcolm McNeill, who retires • Robert
Lockhart Daglish, Gent., to be Ensign, by purclittE e, vice
Murray. •
89d Foot—Major and Brevet Lieutenant. Colonel George
Latham Thompson, from the 13th Foot, to be Major, vice
Henry Christopher Marriott, who exchanges.
84th Foot—Assistant-Surgeon Herman Bicknell has been
permitted to resign his commission.
BGth Foot—Lieutenant Duncan Stewart to be Captain, by
purchase, vice Edward John Lees, who retires; Ensign
Francis Glasse Marshall to be Lieutenant, by purchase,
vice Stewart ; Henry Wise Ridley Blackett, Gent., to be
Ensign, by purchase, vice Marshall ; Lieutenant Thomas
Yardley to be Adjutant, vice Duncan Stewart. promoted.
90th Foot—Ensign Francis Russell to be Lieutenant,
without purchase, vice George Gregg, deceased.
97th Foot—Ensign Alexander Willoughby Montgomery
Moore, from the 11th Foot, to be Ensign, vice Fulford,
promoted.
99th Foot—Staff-Surgeon Cornelius Clark Rutherford, to
be Surgeon, vice Richard Cooper Todd, appointed to the
Staff.

2d West India Regiment—Ensign John Sheil, from the
Ceylon Rifle Regiment, to be Lieutenant, by purchase,
vice Bellamy, promoted.

Ceylon Rifle Regiment—Josiah Erskine Collins, Gent., to
be Ensign, by purchase, vice John Sheil, promoted in the
2d West India Regiment.
STArr.—Captain and Brevet-Major Alexander Aber-
crombie Nelson, Unattached, Assistant-Inspector of Rifle
Volunteers, to be Fort-Major at Guernsey, vice Major and
Brevet-Colonel John Hankey Bainbrigge, Unattached,
promoted Major-General.
frol\mlEtlrec9A,LtDi. EiroAo Rt TtNol EbNe Ts. —t a
ffS-usru
rg ego
enon Richardvi c
vice
Cooper
John Tamosdad,
y
Brush, M.D., placed upon half-pay.

BREVET.
ri
lteil lseerryv,i
serving
as
ave
the temporary the
Cod. Alexander
rankTeufllmoha,ioorf.t
Director of Ordnance. Major-General ee
nRe roayl a lwAh
Lieut.-Col. Edward Whitmore Scovell, 96th Foot, hav-
ing completed five years' service in the rank of Lieutenant-
Colonel, to be Colonel in the Army under the Bth clause of
the Royal Warrant of Oct. 14, 1858.
Major Montagu Hamilton D 0 w ibh... gin, 99th Foot, to be
Lieut.-Colonel in the Army.
Second Captain Theodosius Webb, half-pay Royal Engi-
neers,
Infantry, to be
mneasce i
er sa.rpr,g
etti. to
na
Edwardnbt
the _
e 31%
lfAaa
ijr
oorcil.r
Hyli n.
S.
mtLh . a
he
Ilgela
:trArmy.re e, e ,
ofen
etrheAaramp
ivt
all: ospi
Wool-
wich. a 1
Corps, to have the lo: al rank of Ensign
al
while Hospital
employed as
Acting Captain of Orderlies at the G

MEMORANDII3I.—The undermentioned officer upon half-
pay has been permitted to retire from the service by the
sole of his commission, under the condition of the Horse
Guards' Circular Memorandum of the 15'h February, 1861:
—Second Captain Theodosius Webb, half-pay Royal En-
gineers.

BANKRUPTCY ANNULLED.
William Porter Walton, corn merchant, Kingston-upon-
Hull.
__

BANKRUPTS.
Edwin Henry Spark, wholesale jeweller, Great Comm-
street, Russell-square, to surrender Aug. 29 and Sept. 24,
at half-past eleven, at the Court of Bankruptcy.
Daniel Terry, smith, Dover, Sept. 2, at twelve, and Oct.
1, at two, at the Court of Bankruptcy.
Robert Griffiths, innkeeper, Llantrissant, Aug. 27 and
Sept. 24, at eleven, at the Bristol District Court.
Joseph Hamerton, worsted manufacturer, Shibden,
Yorkshire, Aug. 30 and Sept. 20, at eleven, at the Leeds
District Court.
Edward Wevill, broker, Liverpool, Aug. 26 and Sept. 16,
at eleven, at the Liverpool District Court.
Charles Brittain, builder, Bebington, Cheshire, Aug, 26
and Sept. 11, at half-
past Sept. 16, at eleven, at the Liverpool Disist,riecv:_gCoatu:
'John Edward Elford, grocer, Bayswater, Aug. 26, at
Bankruptcy,
John Taylor, and
half-past twelve, and Sept. 18, at one, at the Court of
el t
City,
BaKndk willAauprdgt7S2.irnast,hlatallipanastwtawreehlvoeus,
iaiti
ithheen
eCho,urt of
Thomasßan
John Hopkin, cotton spinner,
pasJtohtwno
Oldham, Sept.
ept 3 and Oct. 1 •
at twelve, at the Manchester District Court.
George Scrivener, provision dealer, Wigan,"lrt.
6 and
Sept. 17, at twelve, at the Manchester Aug.Aug..
Thomas Bell and John Wiseman, District Conyfl,...d,
Aug. 23, at half-pastelv grocers, Sunae"'"
at half-past
twelve, at the Royal Arcaedeen ,
n'TYne•
and Oct. 4,
John Christian Newcastle-upo
Iknjarain, Wild, licensed victualler, St.
Mary Axe, City, Aug.
28, at half-past eleven, and Sept.
18, at half. past 'one, a 8 t the Court of Bankruptcy'
. enry Amo-n
---1.- stun Hope, hay and straw salesman, west
fl.lithfield„ Aug.On
b ‘.. a d Sept. 18, at half-past one, at the
Court of 'Bank n
Tut.
zuptc
James Epp nursery and seedsman, Maidstone,
Aug. 28, at eleven, and Sept. 18, at two, at the Court of
Bankruptcy.

SCOTCH BANKRUFTS.4
John Brait, draper, Gatehouse,Kircudbrightshire.
William Porteous, manufacturing chemist, Clydeford,
near Rutherglen, and in Glasgow.

AVERAGE PRICE OF SUGAR.
Computed from the Returns made in the week ending
Aug. 13, 1861, exclusive of the duties of Customs paid or
payable thereon on the importation thereof into Great
Britain : per cwt.
price of the f0reg0ing.......... •22s
Muscovado, the produce of British America 23s 441,,
Muscovado, the produce of the Mauritius .. —0
Muscovado, the produce of the East Indies... 15s 10d
Averagelld

LONDON', AND NORTH-WESTERN RAILWAY CON-
PANY.—Tb.e directors of this company have r esolved to re-
commend to the proprietors at the half-Pail: Y
be held 011 the 23d inst., a dividend at the rate of 31 per
cent. meeting, to
per, annum, carrying forward a balp nee of about
412,000,