The Sun.
London, England, 1861-09-24 00:00:00

GARIBALDI AND THE UNITED STATES.

A Turin letter of September 18, in the Opinion
Nationale, says :
It is high time to know something definite about
the negotiations between Garibaldi and the United
States, I know not why, but the greatest mystery
hangs over this affair. The journals here have
scarcely 3poken of it. Garibaldi and the United
States Minister both maintain the profoundest
silence on the subject. I hive inquired of almost
all Garibaldi's generals, and found that they know
no more than I did. At length, however, with
much ado, I have obtained the following informa-
tion.

You know that Garibaldi lived for many years in
New York, where he was much beloved. He has a
great affection for the country, and his independent
character sympathised with the individual liberty
which he found prevailing in it. When the war
between the North and South broke out, all his
sympathies were in favour of the union ; he wrote
as much to his friends in America, and they in
reply entreated him to help them. About two
months ago several rich Americans offered to find
him a very large capital if he would raise a corps
franc for America, and take the command of it.
Private individuals could do no more. But such a
position, which might have suited Garibaldi well
enough in 1848, was beneath the dignity of the
hero of Marsala and Palermo. While the North
Americans were thus paying court to Garibaldi,
those of the South also made attempts to gain
him to their cause. A deputation from the South
represented to him that the merits of the quarrel
between the two great branches of the great west-
ern republic required very close examination, and
that the question of slavery put by the North was,
in reality, of less importance than the free trade

platform upon v%hich the South took its stand.

These arguments are said to have made some
impression upon Garibaldi. After the defeat of
the Fedeial army, the Government of the United
States began to think seriously of making
to Garibaldi such a proposal as he could
accept. Mr. Marsh, the United States Mi-

nister at Turin, was manifestly not an eligible
negotiator in a matter so deeply involving the
interests of Italy, and therefore the American
Minister at Brussels, who, it is said had been a

friend of Garibaldi in America, was thought of. He
was charged to sound Garibaldi. It is well known
that Garibaldi is dying of ennui at Caprera. Read
the life of this extraordinary man : You find him
in New York, California, Peru, Buenos Ayres,
China, and at the last Italian revolution of 1859,
found him a captain of a merchantman. His power-
ful organisation consumes by inaction. For the last
month he has been confined to his bed by rheumatic
pains which it is known by experience would dis-
appear under the excitement of active life. The
United States envoy, therefore, found Garibaldi
anxious for a change of life. As to the conditions
submitted to him, I can only speak with all reserve.
It seems, however, beyond doubt that he was offered
the command-in-chief of the United States army;
but it is also said that he was to take no important
step without the sanction of a council of war nomi-
nated by the Washington Government. His staff
was to be composed mainly of his own choice, but
in no case was he to be allowed to put Italian gene-
rals into principle commands. The rewards to his
officers were to consist of nominal rank, or in cases,
of pre-eminent service, territorial allotments.
Garibaldi, whose habit to take counsel of himself
alone in difficalt cases, did not like the idea of being
followed by an itinerant council of war, to which
he would be bound to defer, and he moreover in-
sisted upon a condition to which the American
Minister was not prepared to accede to, namely, that
he should be permitted to return to Italy at any
moment when its presence might be necessary. On
the whola, an unknown theatre of war, foreign
generals, a doubtful cause, Italy separated from him
by the Atlantic, and his best and dearest officers
ringing in his ears the word "Rome" and " Venice,"
made Garibaldi hesitate. The United States envoy
returned from Caprera to Genoa without having
concluded anything. Many, however, pretend that
the matter is still open. Let us hope the con-
trary.

DEATH OF SIR G. DA SIIWOOD.—We regret to
announce the death of Sir George Dashwood, which took
place at his seat Kirtlington• park, Oxfordshire, on the
22d inst., in his 75th year The deceased baronet was born
at Kirtlington-park in 1786 ; married in 1815 the eldest
daughter of Sir W. Rowley, and succeeded his father in
1828. The first baronet was the son of Alderman Dash-
ood, of London, who joined in farming the revenues of
Ireland, in the reign of Charles II:

IRISH EMIGRATION.—A proof of the dispropor-
tionate emigration from Ireland may be seen in the list of
emigrants sent to Australia by the Emigration Commis-
sioners during the last three years. The rule which they
have been desired to keep in view the emigration carried on
at the expense of colonial funds is to draw the emigrants
a at
ia::::::n
from each of the three great divisions of the United King-
dom, as far as practicable, in the ratio of their respective
populations. If they had been able to do so the numbers
sent out would have been—English, 20,362; Scotch, 3,255;
Irish, 7,38 j. But the numbets sent, in fact, have been—
English, 13,581; Scotch, 4,616; Irish, 12,804. The re
of this has been the difficulty sometimes of obtarineginug
till:el egnrte
anumber b
number
rf 0
fEng Irishl is English, especially
nominated
friendsw ame4i,n-at-bn'd:
numbers" slenntthepresent
colonies for passages under certain colonial
e gt
huel at io n s.
totertmheeden"dreomfiAtt;cestr,
118 of
185 us
lish, 769 ; Scotch, 531 ; Irish, 923 ; whereas the Yek9r' MD
Irish should have been only 443, if calculated
havel eelle......ceEri:g4.
of 1861, and only 531 if on the cells nunhier of
on th