The Sun.
London, England, 1861-09-30 00:00:00

7HE OUTRAGE .1 iPAN.

We receive with the China mails the North China
Herald, containing an account of the murderous at-
tack made, on the night of the sth July, on the
members of the British Legation at Japan.
On the 4th inst. (July) the • whore party, except-
ing Mr. de Wit (the Netherlands Consul-General),
proceeded to Yedo, being met half-way at a place
called Kavasaki, by the whole staff of the Le-
gation—Mr. Oliphant (newly arrived Secre-
tary of Legation), Mr. Russell (a nephew of
the Secretary for Foreign Affairs), also just arrived
in Japan, and other gentlemen—an easy occasion,
had it been sought, to dispose at one coup of
Ministers, consuls, and• attaches.

They were allowed, however, to reach Yedo in
safety, and to secure an instalment of that rest
which they doubtless needed after th-ce and thirty
consecutive days' journeying. Bat " one swallow
does not make a spritig,u and one night's slumber
is not sufficient to recruit it 'Weary frame. Soon
after dinner, I am told, oti., the evening of the
sth, the chief rose from the, table to retire, saying
that the day -just closing had been the most
fatiguing of all (owing to the multitudinous affairs
to be attended to), and he 'had so many hours to
sleep to recover.' ' The rest of the company also
retired. They, however, shortly assembled again
in the garden to admire the comet, which dispersing
clouds exposed to view. Most fortunately was this
so, for the dominion of sleep -was thus-postponed a
little longer, tending, with other circumstances, to
the preservation of their lives. Whilst they were
so engaged a murderous band of ruffians, or heroes,
(in whichever light they may be veiwed), was ap-
proaching its unconscious victims.

In less than an hour thereafter those who were
awake were disturbed by sounds as of wrangling
and conflict, which mingled in the dreams of those
who as yet but lightly slept. But they were
sounds which did not admit of continued slumber—
sounds whose terrific significance could not but open
the drowsiest eyes.
The Legation is a straggling sort of bungal-pw,
open to the garden at the hack, and having pas-
sages leading through from stables, kitchens, and
in fact any direction. At the front there is a large
portico door, a feature of all temple architecture, but
except to those who come in that particular direc-
tion no obstacle to free entrance or exit. A Japanese
house consists of a roof supported upon beams and
wooden posts, divided into rooms and passages by
paper screens which slide in grooves between the
posts. The transverse beams are generally at a
height of about sft. Gin. from the floor. Such a
building is the temple at Yedo occupied by the
British Legation. The Minister's bedroom is at the
rear corner looking out on the garden, and just be-
yond the dining and drawing rooms, which do so
likewise. The other bedrooms are mostly cn either
side of a tortuous passage leading from the entrance
door to the dining room. Just beyond the entrance
door is a chamber of the priests, opening by a screen
into the hall or main passage. Here Mr. Morrison's
Chinese servant was sleeping.
The noise which aroused the sleepers and awak-
ened all to the impending peril was a determined
effort to burst open the main door, upon which (as
described) the blows fell like a discharge of mus-
ketry, A legion seemed to be at the work. I should
think, if there was time for any sensation, those who
appreciated the reality of the attack must have felt
the cold hand of death—and such a death—upon
them. Japanese assassins, reckless of their own
lives, seldom leave their work unfinished, and here
they were with clamour and yell within a few paces
of their destined prey.
While yet the door stood fast the Chinaman saw
the screen of the priests' room slide open, and a man
in complete armour, with sword in hand, come for-
ward. He did not wait to see more, but with great
presence of mind crept on (in the direction the as-
sassin must proceed) to arouse his master. The man
turning into a side room afforded him a few moments'
start, which were invaluable. He handed sword and
pistol to his master, who at the same moment heard
Mr. Oliphant in the passage, calling for assistance.
Mr. Oliphant, it seems, occupied a more distant
room, and on hearing the noise of what he thought
was a brawl, ran in the direction, armed only with a
heavy hunting whip. In the passage he ran against
the two foremost assailants, and must have then im-
mediately received a wound (which is on the right
shoulder). Taken in every way at the disadvantage
—for, ignorant that an attack was being made, had
he been armed and seen them approaching he would
have known no reason for firing upon them until
they had attacked him—he bravely kept them at
bay with his heavy whip ; they bring protected by
the darkness behind them, he exposed by the light
of a lamp which they had not yet reached, for they
extinguished every light as they approached.
Hearing the call of Mr. Oliphant, Mr. Morrison
drew aside his screen and found himself beside the
parties striking and cutting at each other. (Mr.
Russell and Mr. Wergman were approaching, but
quite unarmed). He fired at both the assailants—
one being seen to fall back, but the other, protected
by his armour, was unhurt, and succ3eded in again
wounding Mr. Oliphant on the left wrist and Mr.
Morrison on the head. Cuts upon the posts and
transverse beams of the passage showed marks of
blows which had missed them, and the protection
they had received from the smallness of the space.
Sensible of having been wounded (independent of
any pain—for in the excitement of conflict pain
is not usually felt)—and knowing " out of court"
the usual nature of a Japanese sword cut, the sen-
sations of these gentlemen cannot have been
agreeable.

The darkness, intensified by the flashes from the
pistol, rendered it difficult for the assailed to see
their enemies or the effect upon them ; but it is
certain that after the retaliation blows intended to
be avenging blows were struck, the latter i're.
treated by a side passage, leaving drops of blood and
bloody finger-marks upon their track. They kicked
down a screen of the room from which they were
fired upon and in which there was a lamp burning,
evidently to lighten their way down the passage,

' was broken
it; the mattress was also thrust through in a most
malicious manner. By this time, which must have
passed quicker than the narration, the six occupants
of the building were assembled in the verandah be-
yond the drawing-room, entirely ignorant of the
numbers of their assailants or the direction iu which
they would come, anticipating only a final struggle
and immediate slaughter. Of the six, one was
completely disabled, and amongst the rest were only
two revolvers and two or three swords, one a dress
sword, not a bad weapon fora single encounter,
but less serviceable against a rush of heavily-armed
foes. So with a revolver—when your antagonists
emerge from shelter at three or four paces distance
a
with three undischarged; in this condition, and
without a thought of rescue the windows of anad-
cna and do
them
hesitate ra shot,
but you
50U
n g a
are quick if you
scc t
oon u on,t will slain
room were heard to yield to the blows of vio-
lent assault, the glass crasl ed, the framework was
smashed in, and then the angle of a passage alone
separated the attacking and attacked. The interven-
ing room was well lighted, and the whole side opened
on to the garden, which was considered the best po-
sition for defence, as there would be space for fighting
at close quarters, and from the darkness the assassins
could be fired upon as they approached through
the lighted room, but, to the surprise of all, they
did not erne, and silence soon ensued. The passage
frcni t room into which they last penetrated led,
(unlighted) in one direction to the hall door and out
by the priests' room, and in the other into the
dining-room, by the lamps of which it was strongly
lighted. It is difficult to suppose they missed their
way in the choice between a dark and a light pas-
sage, yet they took the former. The inference is
that they had in turn become assailed by the
Japanese guards, and thought only of retreat—an
inference not destroyed by the fact of their having
knocked over furniture, and inflicted some wild
blows in the same and adjoining chamber in 'their
route ; but, supported by the siege of the main door
having been raised, the assailants failing to pene-
trate in that direction, they only succeeded in driv-
ing holes between the heavy cross beams. Here,
too, they were probably dispersed by the somewhat
tardy but nevertheless effective arrival of the
Japanese soldiery.
A letter from Yokohama says :
A Japanese merchant arrived here about noon of
the day after the attack, so that he must have left
Yedo soon after sunrise. He gave a foreign acquaint-
ance many details which could only have been
learned from some of the escaped band. He stated
that he had passed the previous day in Sinagawa,
the suburb near the Legation ; that a band of 30 or
40 men had been knocking about all day, ending by
a debauch, some of them in a particular tea house
kept by an old retainer of Prince Mito, and the
. usual haunt of his people ; that they paid their bill
of 30 itziboes and went forth to the rendezvous, the
gate of the Legation. Here all were to have assem-
bled at the tolling of a bell, which occurred nightly
at the same hour in a neighbouring ceremony. B&-
fore the time, however, a dog within the gate com-
menced to bark. Those who were ready thought it
was a foreign dog, and that they were discdvered.
They, therefore, on the gatekeeper refusing to open,
forced their way in through the side palings, cut
him down, and killed the dog. He also said that the
village officers had informed the police during the
day of the presence of the suspicious band. The
truth of this man's statement is evinced by the facts
that the entry was effected in the way said, that
the gatekeeper was cut down, and the dog lay killed
just within the gate. The question becomes im-
portant how all these and doubtless further details
should be known throughout the village while the
blood was still warn in the veins of those who fell.
The speedy arrival of effective aid would also al-
most imply that the government was forwarned.
It is said that the usual guard on the grounds being
called on for aid refused, saying that their duty was
to write—in fact, to spy and not to fight. It is pre-
sumable that Mr. Alcock would quickly send these
carpet knights about their business.

TILE I?II7I'NUE.

(From the Observer:)

The quarterly returns of the Revenue will be
made up to-morrow (Monday) evening. There is
still another day's collection to be added; but
enough is lenown to enable us to make an approxi-
mate resume of the general results.
These returns will show a falling off on the quar-
ter, compared with the corresponding receipts of
last year, of something like two millions. The year,
as compared with 1860, will exhibit a decrease of
about a million. But these deficiencies are more
apparent than real, and can be easily accounted for.
It will be remembered that Mr. Gladstone esti-
mated a loss of two millions and upwards from the
reduction of a penny in the pound of the income-
tax and the repeal of the paper duties. But it is
not from these sources that the present apparently
large deficiency will be found to arise, but from
causes entirely exceptional and temporary. Indeed,
but for these causes, the revenue would show a
positive increase above the estimated amount ; and
enough is shown by the present returns to lead to
the expectation that at the close of the financial
year, on the Ist April next, the annual returns will
be greater than the last.
Of the sum of £2,000,000 it is in the income-tax
that the largest failing off will appear, being nearly
£1,300,000 (which is self-explanatory), and about
£850,000 under Excise. It will be remembered
that last year the income-tax was 10d. in the pound,
and is now 9d. But the falling off in the quarter is
not due to this alone. Last year Mr. Gladstone
took five quarters instead of four at this period, so
as to accelerate the payments and bring up the
arrears. This year the votes upon the income-tax
were taken so late in the session as to throw back
materially the collections in this quarter, and it is
to this more than the reduction of the penny that
the large falling off is due.
The deficiency of near a million in the Excise is
due somewhat to the fact that the Chancellor of the
Exchequer availed himself of the malt credit last
autumn, an operation that of course cannot be re-
peated in this. But it is right to add that the very
bad harvest last year has knocked down the re-
ceipts in malt and hops, wherein the deficiency is
mainly to be found. The excellent quality of
the barley this year, and the improvement of the
hops over the very bad crop of last year, may
be expected to bring back the Excise returns
to a more wholesome state. The other re-
ductions on the year will be found in the land and
assessed taxes, chiefly caused by the transfer of game
licences to the Excise. In miscellaneous there will
appear a reduction of £600,000, of which £500,000
is to be placed to the credit of the repayment from
Spain last year, and the remaining £lOO,OOO of last
year's excess arose chiefly from the sale of old stores.
The total decrease is probably redeemed by an in-
crease in Customs of about £lOO,OOO, in stamps
£120,000, the annual income-tax £BlO,OOO, and in
the Post•office of about £lOO,OOO. The buoyancy of
the Customs, after all the reductions, is one of the
most satisfactory items in the account. It is parti-
cularly remarkable that more than £350,000 has
been collected on spirits, in spite of all the gloomy
forebodings of those who opposed the increase and
equalisation of the spirit duties. Tea and sugar also
contribute to the continued prosperity of the
.a
Cus-
toms revenue. The only remarkable drawbackwislor
tobacco, which shows a decrease of some 2_
the first time, and is doubtless to be
reduced supplies from America one 0
possible results of the American struggle upon our
foreign trade. ascrflb3e:dhoetofitrlsiet
The increase upon stamps i
every year shows some
progress in also
duties.
The item of Crown lands the satisfactory, i sdroppingfacory
of the legacy and successionremains much the same.
s t, as
i n
ex-
cellent harvest of this year, expect recovery
Upon the whole, there is every
to reason, a
full
from the
of Excise loss upon malt and hops, and the Income-
tax will right itself quite time enough in the opiLion
of those wb ose payments have been only postponed
by the tardy legislation of last session.

_~.....

RoyAi. P R INCE S S'S THEATRE.—
Levee and Manaor, Mr. A. Harris.

THIS EVENING, TH hl RENDEZVOUS.
After whiol, a new and orizinal comedy. in five ads, writ-
ten by John Brougham, entitled PLAYING WITH FIRE ;
characters by Mr. John Brougham (his 2d appearance), Mr.
Ryder, Mr. 11, Widdicombe, Mr. G. Jordan (of the principal
theatres of the 'United States, hie 2d appearance in Eng-
land), Miss C. Lelciereq, and Mrs. Weston.
With TIIE GARIBALDI EXCURSIONISTS.

ItOYA'I, LYCEUM THEATRE.
Manazer—Hr. I,:dmund Falconer.
For the Benefit of Mr. F. B. Chatterton.
TO-NIGHT, WOMAN; or, Love against the World.
Characters by Messrs. Walter Lacy, Addison, Herman Vezin,
J. Robins, Mrs. Charles Young, Mrs. Weston, Miss Murray,
and Miss Lydia Thomson.
After which, a Grand Miscellaneous CONTERT.
Miss Lydia Thompson will danee a New Volunteer
Quick Step.
To conclude with A HIDSUNTIVIER'S
Prices as usual.' Doom °pea at half-past 6, to commenceat
7 Box-office open daily from Il till 5.

N ZW. TUR ATRE-110YAL, ADELPH .-
,
Bole Proprietor and 3tanag•er, Mr. B. Webster.
Open for the Winter Season.
TUTS EVENING, MIJSI IT PITH CHARMS. Messrs.
D. Fisher, Romer, Wade, Miss.'s K. Kelly and Laidlaw. •
Atter which (2.18 th time). T E COLL MEN BAWN. Mr.
D. Bo_ucicault, D. Fisher, Killington, S. Emery, Stephenson,
C. J. smith, Romer. Howard. Ward ; Mrs. Boucicault, Miss
Woolgar, Mrs."3llllington, and Mrs. Fl. Lewis. - •
To conclude with LOVE AND ETTINGER. Nressrs. Fisher,
Emery, C. J. Smith, Mrs. H. Marston, and Miss K. Kelly.'
Doors open at half-past e-TCommence at 7.

fIANTERBU RV . ,
' HALL
AND FINE ART, CONCERTS,
Mr. SAM COWELL -every eveaA-LLERI%
at Nine and a quarter
to Eleven.—Aiso, Grand Selection'Ei
Mr Morley, and a
TRAVIATA. NOR", INURTRA. ,from ""ATORE,
:Miss Ernst,' Mr. Herbert, Signor mon*: IV Miss Russell.
The Comic department c powerful Chorus.
Harvey and French. " The Nerves " _mreinarage Messrs.
Wood and hia.talented Son—and Miss Harriet rAhallMr.
New Opera by Auber, LA CIRCA SSIKNN
CrerAiey
Selection, arranged and , onducted IT Mr. JolghrnansCland
th is Opera was produced. FOR Tur. FlRat ,TIME IN. Trio "I
~rn,y, on Monday, 2 d inst., and will he performed evil.;
Principal Artistes—Mlsa I:men, Mr.llerbert, ande
e(vening*.
Signor Tivoli.
Musical Director, Mr. Jonghmans.
- - -- - -

-
Admission—Hall, 6d.; Stalls and Balcony, Is,

T

OXFORD,
6, OX FO ND-STREET.
EVE UY E VENIN G.
A. Grand Selection from Vcrdi's new opera, " Simon 1100-
c: inect-ra" (now produced for the first time in this country),
landßusell, Messrs. Verdil, Tivoli, Greene, Morley,
Herbert; also froms " 31acberh," by Madame
Xmlerssohn and the entire Company. Full band and chorus.
Conductor, Mr. F. Jonghmans. Varied Conde _Entertain
)ents by Harvey and French (The Nerves), Wood and his
)•
rents
Morshall, and W. Randall. Hall, 6d. ; Balcony and
St. I.lls, is. ; Private Boxes, 10s. ed.

MIMI WATER AT LONDON BRIDGE.
'fits D.ky.—Morning, 10h. 'Wm.—Afternoon, 10h. oGin
70-x4)l"tow.-Morning, Ilh. 3Gth.—Afternoon, Lt. W.

T-HE WEATHER.—SUN OFFICE, SEPTEMBER. 29, 1861.
THERMOMETER, IN THE SHADE.: '
62—highest since noon yesterday. -
53—lowest this morning and during the night.
64—this day at noon.
BAROMETER-29.92.
Wlrm--Sonth-Westerly—light ; with fine weather. It
rained heavily yesterday evening and' during the night.

SEPT. 30.
•
THERMOMETER, IN. THE SHADE.
66—highest since noon yesterday.
CO—lowest this morning and during the night.
68—this day at noon.

BAROMETER-29.93.
WIND—S.-Easterly—light; with fine warm weather.

- • !TA,
tz-
et • 2141eit•-!
.4. .4 41100
,
4 04.
!II ?,
C
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‘. 4
~.,:rlllO

THE SUN.
LONDON, MONDAY, SEPT. 30, 1861.

French pamphlets are now followed by some-
what confident French rumours. The pamphlets
have handed over the temporal power of the POPE
to a popular vote, with the French commander for
Returning Officer, and guaranteed his spiritual in-
dependence in the manner we described a few days
ago. The action, we are told, is now to follow. The
EMPEROR'S return from Biarritz, which should be
to-day, is the time fixed for discussing and finally
settling the affairs of Italy, at least those in which
France is directly concerned ; while doubtless
there will be a good understanding about the future
of Venetia. That subject, however, does not press
so much. The cruelties practised there are doubt-
less great. A specimen of what Austrian rule still
is will be found in our columns to-day; by which
it appears that woman flogging has been commuted
for filthy imprisonment. Still Rome is in all points
of view the first business to be settled, even in the
interest of Venetia itself. What ought to be the
capital of Italy is now the capital of the brigandage
which disturbs all the South in the name of the
POPE and the the Bourbon, and is aided by the funds
of both. It is therefore the Roman question which
must be settled first.

Even the names of the counsellors who give the
French Ministers and the EMPEROR the benefit of
their exacter knowledge are mentioned. That of
Count VIMERCATI, the confidential envoy of VICTOR
EMMANUEL, is the most hopeful one in the list. M.
BENEDETTI, the newly appointed French represen-
tative at Turin, is to return and share in the consul-
tations. Prince NAPOLEON, it is said, will be pre-
sent, who ought to wish well to his wife's father,
though the Tuscans preferred the father-in-law to
the son-in-law. Another French diplomatist from
Rome is to co-operate. The mountain in labour
ought to bring forth something at which Europe
will not laugh, at which Italians will rejoice, and
which will, after some twelve years of the most
shameless intervention on record, confer on France
the honour of ceasing to abuse superior strength.
The issue of the French intervention south of the
Alps had almost condoned the villany of the Roman
intervention, but the lingering on with that purely
arbitrary suppression of the liberties of Rome has
deprived France of half the gratitude which she
bad seemed to earn from Italy and liberal Europe.
It is, indeed, time that France surrendered the
custody of the Romans and the_POPE, and left both
to take their own course.

The indications are certainly very hopeful. A
firm alliance with a strong Italy is the avowed
policy of the chief of the EMPEROR'S Cabinet, and
of the cousin who connects the upstart house of the
NAPOLEONS with the very ancient Royal dynasty
of Savoy. The last primphlet, which must have
for its author some one deeply versed in the last
plans of the Cabinet of Turin, offers what must be
thought the fullest guarantees for the spiritual in-
dependence and the appropriate honours of the
Pope. Indeed, as we remarked before, there will
probably be no State in Catholic Europe where the
POPE will be allowed such free ecclesiastical action
as in Italy ; while funds, cardinals, and guards of
honour are provided him at the cost of all the
Catholic Powers, and in a manner to give these
Powers about an equal representation in his coun-
cil. Mr. SPOONER and Mr. WHALLEY, reading
the programme, will exclaim that the POPE would
bo a mightier ecclesiastical potentate than ever,
and would gird themselves afresh for war to the
knife, with that national tribute to Popery, the
Maynooth grant !
Amongst the Signs of the Hours—is the circum-
stance mentioned in to-day's telegrams. Father
PASSAGLIA has published at Florence a pamphlet
condemnatory of the temporal power of the Papacy.
We have not yet seen it, but it is said, as might
well be expected, to have produced an immense
sensation. The journals are rejoicing in the sup-
port afforded by so eminent a theologian to the
Italian cause. Father PASSAGLIA is, in fact, the
POPE'S own theological champion. Pius IX., it
will be remembered, is the Papal parent of a new
article of faith. The notion of the Immaculate
Conception of the Virgin had been a dream of many
Romish enthusiasts and fanatics, but the present
POPE, after prayer, till ho supposed himself duly
inspired, by a decree of his own required all the
faithful to believe that the Virgin's sinful parents
gave birth to an immaculate daughter.
As -many Bishops and theologians of no small
repute were hostile to the new dogma up to the
moment of its Papal parturition, it was deemed
necessary to provide a champion against possible
assailers of the new article of faith during its
tender years. This Father PASSAGLIA, who now
' attacks theologically the temporal power of the
POPE, was the man appointed by him to do theolo-
gical battle with all comers, for the Immaculate
Conception of the Virgin. We have little doubt
that this time he has written a good deal of sound
theology ; we are sure that all men of common sense
will accept his conclusions ; and in a case so very
clear, we can hardly doubt that we might pledge
ourselves to endorse also the greater part of his
arguments. The pamphlet will not be overlooked
in the deliberations at Paris. Probably the likeli-
hood of its speedy appearance had been already
known there.

The news we publish, received this afternoon
from America, is important. The letter of the Pre-
sident to General FREMONT, ordering a modification ,
of his proclamation to the limits of the Act of Con-
gress relating to the emancipation of rebels' negroes,
will show the jealousy of the PRESIDENT on behalf'
of the safety of the domestic institution. He had,
it appears, written to the general previously, to
make the modification ; but FREMONT preferred
that it should appear to be the PRESIDENT'S act,
and replied requesting him to issue an open order
for the
imodification. This the PRESIDENT imme-
diately did. The chief difference was that the act
confiscated negroes, employed in any way in the war
FREMONT confiscated, that is einmtahnecipwaatred,the
slaves of the men who took
them-
selves. • In point of effectiveness towards the, suc-
cess of the war, the General's plan was obviously
far the better. He struck at the very combatants
themselves. They paid the penalty of fighting for
slavery by losing their slaves. A righteous retribu.

tion most will think, independently of the main ques-
tion. We fear the moral courage of Mr. LINCOLN
more than ever. He is not only afraid to use the
only weapon which can succeed, but when another
uses it, under martial law—which the highest
authority tells us is the will of the General-in-
Chief Commanding -- even then, poor ABRAHAM
LINCOLN quails, and begs him to deal wore gently
with the slaveholders for his .sake.

The military news from the same State of Mis-
souri shows that FREMONT has no child's play
while the PRESIDENT is entreating him to be so
moderate. At Lexington, in the further west of
Missouri, PRICE, the Confederate General, attacked
Colonel MULLIQAN, who was intrenched, with
17,000 men; surrounded Lexington, and summoned
the Colonel to surrender. The latter refused.
PRICE attacked, and was defeated, we are told,
with the enormous loss of 4,000 men, the
Federals losing 800. We read of another
battle also at Bonneville, also on the River Mis-
souri, but not so far west, with a loss of 650 to
the Federals. Not long ago General LYONS was
killed at Springfield in the south-west, and his
army, under General STIEGLER, obliged to retreat,
and this is the State in which the P RESIDENT
wants the General in chief command to modify
his most efficient proclamations ! In Kanzas itself,
the land of the old struggles, adjoining Missouri,
the Confederate troops largely outnumbered the
Federals both in men and artillery, and in a battle
fought there, the latter had to retreat.
In Western Virginia the Federals have still the
advantage, and FLOYD appears to be retreating.
Numerous regiments,numbering from 6,000 to 10,000
men, have been shipped off suddenly from New
York, quite unaware of their destination, and no one
able to guess beyond the moral certainty that they
are to repeat if possible the successful attack on
Fort Hatteras, at other places on the Southern
coast. At least three naval expeditions are now
afiort ; and in the course of three weeks it is said
that 60,000 men will be landed at different points
on the Southern Coast. The rebel Legislature of
Maryland is dealt with in a Cromwellian style ; in-
deed far worse than that, for such of the members
as can be caught are sent to La Fayette, to study
the subject of loyalty to the Union. The PRESIDENT
seems not to care what liberties he takes with law
except with the laws which establish and confirm
negro slavery. We must think that if he mean to
fight till he conquer, this is cruel policy. The war
may last for years unless it become a war of
emancipation.

M. DE MONTALEMBERT has very recently
pointed the dexter-finger at Poland. He has
raised his eloquent and majestic voice again in her
behalf. The Tribune being closed against him—
he has addressed France, Europe, all Christendom,
as a Political Pamphleteer. At Paris, it is the
age of pamphlets. Not of books or of newspapers
—but of pamphlets. And it is there quite natu-
rally and, so to speak, perfectly en regle, that
when a great orator or a great writer has anything
particular to say, he immediately says it through
the medium of the hot-pressed leaves of a tempt-
ing little brochure, stitched in a lilac or primrose
covering of paper, and sold for a franc across the
counters of the Palais Royale (ought it not rather
to be the Palais Imperial) and of the book shops of
the Boulevards. M. DE MONTALEMBERT, who is
both—that is to say, both a Great Writer and a
Great Orator—had a good deal to say just now ;
and therefore, as a matter of course, he immediately
said it, or rather wrote it, pen in hand, as a
pamphleteer, Appearing first of all, bit by bit, as
a sort of political feuilleton in the columns of a
popular journal, it has since made its appearance
in due form as a separate publication. It has been
translated, in a fragmentary way, into most of the
languages of Europe, and has gone the round of
the newspapers north, south, east, and west.
everybody reading it—friend and foe, sympathiser
and antagonist—with hushed attention, as any-
thing whatever proceeding from the same hand is
certain to be read under any and every imaginable
conjunction of circumstances. No matter what the
theme selected by M. DE MONTALEMBERT may be,
his written or spoken observations upon it are
secure at all times of the most respectful and rapt
attention on the part of the great mass of the edu-
cated population of Europe. Protestant or Catholic,
Legitimist or Republican, statesman or man-of-
letters,-advocate, it matters little, whether of des-
potic, of democratic, or of constitational Govern-
ment, each thinking man amongst the great Eu-
ropean Family turns eagerly to listen or to read
whenever M. DE MONTALEMBERT raises his voice
or takes pen in hand. It may be that he has
undertaken to "startle the dull cold ear" of this
present Age of Iron and Machinery by the dulcet
and persuasive rhetoric of his life of the Hun-
garian Queen Elizabeth—what a critic in Black-
wood recently called " that exquisite monograph
which must always hold a high place in Christian
Poetry." The reviewer adding, " A picture more
beautiful and touching was never given to the
world." It may be that the author of that "sweet
idyll of the woman-saint"' has but essayed a vivid
description of some recent debate in the British
House of Commons. Or, again, it may be that
after somo twenty years or so of profoundest
study and premeditation he begins to recount the
History of Monachism in the West. It is all
one, to his hearers, to his readers—whatever the
subject upon which he is discoursing, they hang
upon his words and " listen delighted." It is a
grand position for any man to have attained ;
bat nobly has it been won and loftily is it held by
the Genius and the Virtue, the unsullied probity
and the indomitable civism of the pure-minded and
generous hearted Comte DE MONTALEMBERT. It is
no wonder, then, that when M. DE MONTALEMBERT
essays to address himself once more, after an interval
of silence, to the consternation on one hand of the
Wrongs, and on the other hand of the Rights of
Poland, the import of his words should be carefully
noted throughout all Christendom. Particularly is

it comprehensible that it should be so, immediately
after an interval in the history of the sufferings of
Poland, marked by incidents so affecting, but at the
same time we will say so encouraging also, as those
henceforth memorable in connection with the an-
nals of the ancient capital of Warsaw. The summer
of 1861 moreover has been passed by M. DE MON-
TALEMBERT in persbnally visiting the scene of

,hose remarkable disturbances. He himself has

thus watched (with what yearnings of his
noble heart who shall say ?) the bearin g
of that long-oppressed but still-aspiring popula-

tion. He has witnessed himself their won-
derful patience under woes almost too profound for
longer endurance. He has listened to their chants
and prayers for the resurrection of their buried
but still living nationality. Ho has seen the whole
people, young and old, rich and poor, men, women,
and little children dressed one and all of them (as

they have been for many months past, as they still
are at this moment) in Black, as a sign of national
mourning, as a solemn protest against their oppyes
sore, as an affecting expression of the universality
of the grief of the whole race of Poles over the
prolonged miseries of their native land.
Now that he is fresh from the influence of this
extraordinary spectacle, M. DE MONTALEMBERT