The Sun.
London, England, 1861-09-13 00:00:00

DR. BRIGHT'S APHRODISION.
THE PIiOSPIORTSED NERVINE TONIC.
The NEW CHEMICAL COMBINATION of PHOSPHA-
TIC SALTS, Quinine, Iron, etc., adapted for both sexes,
containing all the Essential Constituents of the Blood,
Brain, and Nerve Substance.—Grew philosophical and
chemical research has led to the discovery of this in-
valu,ble remedy in its present perfect state, agreeable
to the palate, and innocent in ifs action— pre-
serving its wonderful properties, affording immediate relief,
and ermanently curing all who suffer from WASTING and
-WITHERING Of the Na RYOUS and MUSCULAR TISSUES, SPER-
MATORRIICEA, DISEASES Of the KIDNEY 4, BLADDER, and all
URINARY DEPOSITS, which cause inc ,pacity and degeneracy,
total and partial prostration, and every other exhaustive Be-
alleo the system. Regenerating and Invigorating
the important elements of the an frame (when
emasculated by youthful indiscretions), and enabling man at
once to ful lhis most sacred obligations.
Prices-11s, per bottle, or four lis. bottles in one, 335. • and
in eases containing three 335. bottles, £5, saving £1 12s.—
Parcels securely packed, free from observation, sent to any
part of the world, on receipt of Post-office Order.
Prepared and sold only at the laboratory, 44A, Nraddox-
street, Regent-street, W. (opposite the side of St. George's
Church), London, by RALPH BRIGHT, M.D., Member of the
Royal College of Surgeons, England ; Licentiate of the Royal
College 01 Physicians, Edinburgh, &c., &c. ; author of
"NERVOUS EXHAUSTION,"
Its cause and cure, with an Essay on Seminology, showing
the marvellous restorasive powers of the newly-discovered
and wonderful remedy known universally as the Aphrodision.
so As phosphorus in a state of nature illumines the darkness,
the exhausted frame revive = when impregnated with its
electric4l properties." Price 2s. 6d., by post, 98. 10d.;
abridged edition, Is.. by post 14 stamps, from the residence of
theltaeud, fthor (44A. Maddox-street', where he may be daily con-
which he hm
suro 11 to 4, for the cure of the above diseases, to
as,
attention. for a lengthened period, devoted his exclusive

3, GREAT MA.RLBOROUGH-STREET. W., NBA ii
THE PANTHEON.
DR. CULVERWELL, Member of the Royal
, Licentiate of lridwitery, and AV'
College of Surgreons
London, can be consulted daily (only) as
CB of Nervous Debility, Languor, InoapacitY,
Eithiscoevaer,ioens' Hall,
I oss of Memory, Sterility, and all Puncti^nal Derangements
of both Sexes, emanating from
Zenoce early and excessive indul-
Ihn Just published, "Ice 18 sealed Is.; by Don. 13 stamps
No. 4, ,
An entire new and original wont. eetttles
OURSELVES.
_symptoms, Treatment and Cure.
Synopsis: The Physiology and Anatomy of our oeneratton
and Remedy for. al, Drina-14 Derange-
-The Origin of Disrase
'OO, an Exposition o,
llyntr, and Marital Disoualifieations,

Stricture, Blennorrn
MALE.
roc modern treatment of Syphilis,
14on orrhaml, Sprrmatoreicsa, 'impotency, and ail Di...m:4:101
''A Urinary Or me, with Prescriptions..'

FEMALE.
'ie Physic,log-v and Anatomy of %To:nen- Functional Ir.
re .nlerities in Ilealth and Sickness—Choice in Marriaze-...
'r'r Expectancies and Disappointments—Tne Cause and
renval of Sterility—The Theory and Symptoms of fiesta-
,,,—TTEW of the Speentum. Also.

No. ...
HALTH, HAPPINF.SS, and LONGEVI'fi ;
On Debility, Nervousness, Dyspepsia. and
indip.restiot,
No. 2.
LOVE AND MARRIAGE:
7Their Obitzations, Happiness. and Dsappointments; Love
i r(1 other MateheB, S-+
*criliti Removed, and Healthy Of-
! Britt Eecared.

170.8.
TUj CASE 11(30E
ix, Cases of SPERMATORRHGELk.
Their Cau::a. anti Treatment, Confe4sten3 !td
N tutelisatiOns,,;alvanhut Arc. &e.
To bP hart of Vann, 39. Cornhitt ; and the Authors.
Al7f,, fr. the Worlrimy ciasses tee Flail-a-Guinea:
(SPECIAL NOTICE.)
•
(7rtlvarNvell is the only legally qualified medical practi-
-1 tumor living ol that name, and cm be consulted (only as
1,1)91'0).;

DR. CURTIS' MEDICAL WORK, MANHOOD:
Pa ED MAL ESSAY ON SPERMATORRIRE A,
NERVOUS AND GENERATIVE DEBILITY, &c.

ust Published, the 150th thousand, with numerous plates,
in a sealed envelope, price ls., Sold by all Booksellers, and
sent post paid, by the Author, for 2 stamps,
U ANHOOD: the CAUSE and CURE of PRE-
I MATURE DECLINE IN MAN, with Plain Directions
or 'effect Restoration to Health and Vigour. By Dr. J. L.
(lc Tyne. 15. Albermarle-street, Piccadilly, London.

CONTENTS:
INTRODUCTORY CHAPTER on the Physiological
•tructure and Functions of the Reproductive Organs.
CHAPTER ll.—Caases of Spermatorrhcea and Impotence;
'arly Vicious Indulgences; Dangers of Neglect.
CHAPTER tII. A Review of the various Disqualifications
t Marriage ; whether resulting from Youthful Ouse, the
olliee of Maturity, the Effects of Climate, or Infection.
_ CHAPTERS IV. and V. on the modern Treatment of
ri?_porrhcea and Syphilis.
rheßook concludes with numerous varied and interesting
ages,to which Is added the Author's recipe of a preventive
-onion.

REVIEWS Old' THE WORK.
should be th Times,"
`Curtis on Manhood.--Thistrul,y valuable work, and
n e ands of young and old. Sunday d arch, 1856.
"The author bas conferred a great boon by publishing this
Utile work, in which is described the source of' those diseases
ldwhich produce decline in youth or more frequently premature
O age. y Telegraph," March 27, 1856.
This work, which for twenty years has stood the teat of
professional criticism and empiri •al hostility, treats in aplain
and sympathising manner on the various disqualifications
and Impediments arising from nervous excitement and de •
baand to invalids suffering from youthful errors and
sses It will be found valuable and useful."—Record.
beLxiolceindon : Published by J. Allen, 20, Warwick Lane, Pater-
noster-row; mann, 89, combil 1.
ii 9411 01 Consultation—ii to 3 Rad 6 to 8; swidays,llo till 2.

It appeared evident that they could not longer
maintain themselves in their position for want of
supplies, and it was confidently believed in Wash-
ington that a great battle must of necessity take
place within a few days.
The Journal of Commerce of the 24th ult. has
the following :
"Notwithstanding all the assurances given of
the safety of the capital it is in vain to deny that
in regard to this there is of late some uneasiness
in the public mind. To be sure, a very formidable
body of troops is ready to oppose any advance
on the part of the enemy, and under the
vigorous measures and strict discipline enforced by
General I‘l'Clellan the United States army is ac-
quiring a high degree of efficiency. Our works are
numerous and strong, thickly interspersed along
the whole line of the Potomac for many miles. In
the neighbourhood of Wasbington especially the
preparations for defence are on such a scale of mag-
nitude that to attempt an assault with anything
less than a well-appointed army of the first class
would be the height of temerity and madness. Not-
vithstanding all this, the evidence is positive that
the Confederate States are concentrating in Vir-
ginia a force which might prove overwhelming if
the Federal Government also were not making pro-
digious exertions to ensure its defeat. According
to the latest report, brought to Washington by a
gentleman just arrived from Richmond, via Louis-
ville, the rebel army in Virginia exceeds 300,000,
of whom 180,000 are on the south bank of the
Potomac. While it is possible this statement may
be exaggerated, General Scott is not likely, in
making his calculations for another movement, to
allow much on this score. The Federal Comman-
der-in• Chief is said to have expressed a belief that
an attack from the Confederate force was liable to
take place on short notice and at no distant day.
There are several circumstances which serve to
strengthen this supposition. Not the least signifi-
cant is the extraordinary rigour with which all the
army orders are enforced, especially those relating
to correspondence with the enemy—the communi-
cation of anything in regard to military movements
now being a capital offence. It is most remarkable
that this course was not adopted at a much earlier
day. Voluble correspondents of Northern news-
papers have been tolerated in the Federal camp up
to a recent day, almost without restriction, and it
augurs well for the cause that liberties of this sort
are permitted no longer. The battle of Bull's Ruu
took place July 21st, and the battle in Missouri,
resulting in the death of General Lyon, August
10th. So much time having elapsed there is a pre-
valent expectation that the country is on the eve
of another action, perhaps of a more decisive
character."

The remains of General Lyon was to arrive in
New York at half-past two o'clock, on the 31st ult.,
from Philadelphia. A military guard was to be
place over the remains at the City-hall, where they
would remain in state until the following Monday,
when they were to be removed under escort to
their final destination in his native town.

A letter from St. Louis gives a melancholy
account of the condition of affairs in Missouri :

" St. Louis, Aug. 27.
"We have very troublesome times here at pre-
sent. The city of St. Louis is under martial law,
and a great many persons are continually arrested
for treason against the Government. There are
about 60,000 troops here, and more are coming
every day. They are fortifying St. Louis with large
siege cannon and throwing up entrenchments,
working day and night. In addition to this large
wooden barracks are going to be erected to hold
50,000 soldiers. Since General Fremont has taken
command of this military department business is
conducted with despatch.
" When this war is over Missouri will be one vast
burying ground. The Confederates heve an army
in this State of 70,000 troops. They have laid the
country waste; farmers are driven from their
homes because they are in favour of the Union;
they have to flee for their lives and leave everything
behind at the mercy of the rebels. A great many
of my friends were killed at the battle of Spring-
field, some in the Federal army, others among the
Secessionists.
" Jefferson Davis and that arch traitor Governor
Jackson having found out that they cannot take
Missouri out of the Union, are trying to lay the
whole State waste with theit army. The stores
and private dwellings are stripped of everything
by t
issued the rebels;
by t hjeaye
kpretendwhich t to
are pay
notfor it
worthi u State
scrips
cent. This is what secession had brought upon
Union."
Missouri, onee one of the most prosperous States
in the

Despatches from Quincy, Illinois, announce the
march of a body of rebels, numbering some 3,000,
under General Martin Green, upon the town of
Palmyra, Missouri, on the morning of the 25th

One of these was the Marston salt mine, near
Northwich, one of the largest and most remarkable
mines of the Cheshire Basin. The deposit, which
occupies a limited spacE in the Triassic series, exists
in more than one bed, alternating with coloured
marls and gypsum. The structure of the salt
masses is largely prismatic, the prism being verti-
cal. The salt is unequally mixed with marl, but
some of it is quite clean. At Northwich the bed of
rock salt now being worked is of considerable
thickness, and is overlaid by another salt bed of
inferior purity. Underneath, again, several salt
beds exist which are too thin to be worked. A
very large quantity of salt is obtained by evapora-
tion of the brine pumped up from the beds. The
annual salt manufacture of Cheshire is estimated at
1,500,000 tons.

There were also excursions to the great Man-
chester Waterworks at Woodhead ; to the glass
and chemical manufactories at St. Helen's; and to
the ancient copper mines at Alderley-Edge. The
extraction of rich metallic ores at this place, after
having for a long period ceased, was resumed three
or four years ago. The approach is by a very
gentle cavernous descent, perfectly dry and clean,
which was well lighted for the convenience of the
visitors on this occasion. The lode of copper ore
in the sandstone is from 40ft. to 60ft. wide.
Another excursion was to the coal mines at
Dukinfield, called the Astley Pits. The visitors
were conducted by the engineer and manager of the
colliery, and were also accompanied by Professor
Phillips, They were shown the underground ma-
chinery, the mode of working the coal at an angle
of 32 deg., or nearly 2ft. per yard, and the cutting
from the Black Mine coal towards the Cannel
Mine. In the latter a salt spring was met with, at
a depth of 2,100 ft., in the carboniferous series. The
brine is said to have contained 4.50 grains per cent.
of chloride of sodium, 0.37 chloride of calcium, and
0.26 chloride of magnesium, or 7oz. of common salt
per gallon. These coalpits are understood to be
the deepest in Europe.

One of the most interesting excursions, not only
to geologists, but to the members generally, was to
the coal mines at Worsley, and also the gardens of
Worsley-hall, the seat of the Earl of Ellesmere. The
coal shafts at Worsley ate approached by a vast
network of subterranean canals. This, the first great
work of the Duke of Bridgewater, led to the subse-
quent formation of the Bridgewater Canal, and
hence, perhaps, may be regarded as the origin of
the whole canal system of the country.
The ladies and gentlemen who availed themselves
of the noble earl's hospitable invitation to Worsley
were favoured with fine weather, and the afternoon
was very agreeably spent in strolling through the
gardens, which are on a considerable elevation,
affording an extensive prospect. Refreshments were
provided beneath a small tent close to the hall. The
Worsley band of the Duke of Lancaster's Own Yeo-
manry and the band of the Light Dragoons per-
formed on the terraces. The Earl and Countess of
Ellesmere were present. Lord Derby is on a viOit

" It is impossible to speak too highly of the un-
ceasing care and attention which have been devoted
for some weeks past to the arrangements for this
occasion. Everything which taste could suggest
and a lavish expenditure of money effect was done
by his Lordship to provide for the comfort of his
guests. The general supervision of the arrange-
ments was intrusted to Mr. John Martin, T.C.,
the courteous and able secretary of tha Lord
Mayor, and to his activity and energy must be
attributed much of the success with which the ball
was attended. The arrangements and decorations
of the ball-room were carried out by Mr. Arthur
Jones, of Stephen's-green, under whose direc-
tion the Round-room was completely transformed,
and made to present an elegant and attractive
appearance. The walls were covered by a beauti-
ful chintz, the design being a drawing of the grace-
ful hop blossom, the tendrils of which, climbing
round a pillar, formed a handsome border. Eight
large mirrors were placed round the walls, and
contributed much to the general effect. A raised
dais, covered with crimson cloth, was placed oppo-
site the entrance door, and was provided with a
variety of couches and easy chairs for the accom-
modation of the Prince of Wales, the Lord-Lieute-
nant, and other distinguished guests. A marble
vase filled with flowers stood at each side. The
dais was surmounted by a canopy, draped with
Utrecht velvet, and decorated with festoons of ex-
quisite Irish gold tissued poplins of various patterns,
from the looms of Atkinson and Co., of College-
green, the eminent firm of which the Lord Mayor
is the principal. The pediment of the canopy sup-
ported the Royal Arms, above which there was
a brilliant star, and at either side the letters V.R.
were represented in cut glass. Flags displaying the
city arms were suspended from the balcony over
the dais, and a variety of other fls.gs were displayed
around the gallery. Over the principal entrance
to the Ball-room (which as well as the door lead-
ing to the Supper-room was hung with a portiere of
crimson silk:damask) was placed the coat of arms
of his Excellency the Lord Lieutenant, with an
illuminated margin, and at each side of it were two
of the most attractive features in the necoration of
the apartments—viz., the Prince of Wales's plume
and the Star of St. George, formed of glass prisms.
These were brought over specially from London,
and, combined with the other admirable arrange-
ments for the lighting of the room, had a charming
effect. As the accepted invitations amounted to
nearly 2,500, it was found necessary to provide ad-
ditional accommodation for so lai ge a number.
The entire suite of apartments was, therefore,
thrown open on this occasion, and the Oak-room,
in which supper has generally been served, was
appropriated to dancing. A temporary supper-
xoom was erected in the garden, running parallel
to the side wall of the Mansion-house, and 136 ft.
long by 20 wide. This room was very tastefully
decorated. It was hung with various coloured
chintz, and well lighted by gas, the branches
springing from the columns that supported the
roof and which were fluted in blue and white. Tne
room terminated in a Turkish tent, arranged in an
elegant and graceful style. A supper table was
placed in the tent, at which the Lord Mal or re-
ceived the Prine?. of Wales, the Lord-Lieutenant,
and a circle of distinguished persons. The guests
commenced to arrive shortly after ten o'clock, and
poured in in a continued stream until an advanced
hour. Each lady on entering the ball-room was
presented with a card programme of the dances, on
the outer cover of which was a well-executed like-
ness of the Royal guest of the evening. About 11
o'clock H.R.H. the Prince of Wales, accompanied
' by the Lord-Lieutenant, General Sir G. Browne,
Gen. Bruce, Col. Keppel, and other members of
their respective suites, arrived at the Mansion-
house, escorted by a troop of cavalry, from the Royal
Hospital, Kilmainham, where his Royal Highness
had dined with the Commander of the Forces. A
guard of honour was stationed at the Mansion-
house, over the door of which the words of
the old Irish greeting, " Cead Mille Failte,"
were displayed in illuminated characters. The
Royal party were received by the Lord Mayor,
and at once conducted to the Ball-room, the
band of the 15th Hussars, which with Kelly's string
band was stationed in the gallery, playing the
National Anthem. As the Prince, who on his arrival
was loudly cheered by an immense crowd which
assembled in Dawson street, passed through the
room to the dais, a murmur of applause rose from
the crowded assembly. Dancing was then com-
menced. His Royal Highness, who wore the uni-
form of an officer of the Guards, opened the ball by
dancing a quadrille with Lady Emily Peel, the
Lord-Lieutenant and Lady Barbara Leeson being
their vis-a-vis. Sir Robert Peel and Miss Lascelles,
Mr. Cockerel!, A.D.C., and Miss Williams danced
in the same set. Polka, waltz, and galop followed
in succession, and dancers and promenaders seemed
to enjoy themselves to theautmost."
At one o'clock the Lord Mayor conducted the
Royal party to supper, after which the dancing was
resumed. His Royal Highness danced with the
Hon. Miss Lascelles, Lady Alice Hill, Miss Guin-
ness, and other ladies during the evening. He re-
tired at 3 o'clock amid loud cheers, the bands play-
ing the National Anthem. The dancing was kept
up till 4 o'clock, when the immense assembly sepa-
rated, all seeming to be in the highest degree
gratified at the noble manner in which the Lord
Mayor had sustained the character of the city for
hospitality. It is said that his expenditure during
the year will be £7,000, the income of the office
being only £2,000, and this is the second time he has
been unanimously elected to fill the civic chair.

FATAL ACCIDENT AT PIMLICO.—A melancholy
accident occurred on Wednesday night to Mr, Thos. Earle,
the extensive general contractor, carrying on business in
Castle-street, Long-acre. It appears that between six and
seven o'clock Mr. Earle was driving Mrs. Earle in a chaise
along the bank of the Thames, having just crossed the Chel-
sea new bridge, and was proceeding homewards, when, as
he reached the corner of Westmoreland-street, Grosvenor-
road, a dog started out into the road and Larked furiously.
The horse shied, and dashed towards the palings which
protect the road from the river, and leaped at them as he
would have done at a fence. The violence of his motion
threw Mr. and Mrs. Early from their seats into the river,
but the chaise having become entangled in the palings the
horse could proceed no turther. A person who witnessed
the occurrence jumped in, and a waterman named Bone
brought his boat to the rescue. Assisted by other persons
Bone succeeded in getting Mrs. Earle out of the water, and
it was found that though much excited and alarmed, she
had not sustained any very serious injuries. Bone had the
greatest difficulty in getting Mr, Earle out of the water, as
he was a corpulent heavy man. After many efforts Bone
succeeded in getting him into his boat, and he was imme-
diately conveyed to the Stanley Arms, where four medical
gentlemen visited him. Before their arrival, however, he
expired, and it was f6und that he had received a severe
wound on the head by a kick of the horse, inflicted, no
doubt, as he was falling from the chaise. His clothes were
torn and his thighs pierced and lacerated by the sharp
points of the palings. The horse was but slightly in-

Situated on one of the most dangerous parts of
our western coast, Southport has long been in
want of a first-class lifeboat, so that the numerous
fishermen living in its vicinity might be on
an equality with their fellow mariners on
other portions of the coast. This desideratum
has at length been supplied; and, through the
noble generosity of James Knowles, Esq., of Eagley
Bank, Bolton, who presented the cost of the
boat to the National Lifeboat Institution, South•
port now possesses as trim and perfect a little
vessel as any of her neighbours can boast of.
It is one of that Institution's new double-banked.
boats, 32ft long, Bft wide, and 3ft 9in deep, carry-
ing ten oars, two short masts, with lug sails, and is
fitted up with every improvement, her cost having
been about £2OO. The boat arrived in Southport
rather more than a week since, and on Saturday
last the ceremony of christening and launching
her took place. A large number of gentlemen as-
sembled at the Town-hall, where a procession was
formed to accompany the lifeboat through the town
to the shore. The procession was headed by the
Right Hon. Lord Skelmersdale, and the Rev. Chas.
Hesketh, M.A., rector of the parish, and com-
prised many of the local magistrates, gentry, and
residents. The' boat was richly decorated with
flags and streamers, and was drawn along by
eight handsome horses, and accompanied by a band
of music and a large concourse of spectators. On
arriving at the shore the boat, on its transporting
carriage, was drawn close to the water's edge, the
crew, a fine set of fellows, commanded by their
captain, William Rockcliffe, who displayed upon
his breast the medal of the Life Boat Insti-
tution, took their respective places, Capt Ward,
R.N., the intelligent and indefatigable inspector of
lifeboats, superintending the operations. The Rev.
C. Hesketh having introduced to the assembled
thousands Miss Knowles, the daughter of the donor
of the boat, that lady mounted the carriage of the
boat, and having taken the bottle of wine in her
hand, said, in a distinct tone, " Success to the
Jessie Knowles," and dashing it against the side of
the vessel, duly performed the ceremony of chris-
tening her amid the deafening plaudits of the mul-
titude. The boat immediatey slid from off its
carriage and shot into the foaming tide. There
was a glorious sea, just suited for the occasion, a
tremendous north-wester blew an unusually high
tide right upon the beach, dashing the waves about
right gloriously. Universal admiration was ex-
pressed at the majestic style in which the Jessie
Knowles bounded away On the crests of the fiercest
waves, with apparently the buoyancy of a cork.
The crew, who were all provided with the new life-
belts, were delighted with her performances, and,
under the direction of Capt. Ward, pulled about on
the bay for nearly two hours, passing round and
under the new iron pier, and receiving from the
enthusiastic crowds that witnessed her evolutions
expressions of the highest approbation. At length
she was brought into shore and safely sheltered in
the new boathouse, which had been built for her
accommodation, at a cost of £159. After the
ceremony of launching the boat was over a lun-
cheon took place at the Town Hall, under the
presidency of Lord Skelmersdale, who repeatedly
expressed the delight he experienced in witnessing

The stock of cotton of all growths at Liverpool,
Aug. 17, as reported by the Asia, was 944,360 bales.
The amount afloat was variously computed from
200,000 to 300,000 bales, the bulk of which was
India cotton. The English spinners as a class are
heavy capitalists, and work usually only for orders
for goods contracted for, which they cover to a great
extent by the purchase of the raw material. The
average stock held by them, without a great dis-
turbing cause like the present rebellion, is six
weeks' consumption. By working half time after
this date they can make their stock last till June
next. In previous years, in September or October,
we have seen many cotton circulars, proving that
on the Ist Jan. ensuing these would not be a pound
of cotton at Liverpool; but when the time arrivq,
there was always a good business stock of 300,000 to
400,000 bales on hand, and manufacturers net
pressed. The European spinners have had ample
time to trim their barque to the gale, and it will be
found that they have done so, and it is the Ameri-
can grower alone who will suffer.
Even on this continent the culture of the plant is
not altogether in the control of the States of the
Southern Confederacy, It is produced in Nicaragua,
and can be to a far greater extent. On this point
we publish two letters. One of them is from the
the Nicaraguan consul at London, who says, in al-
lusion to 30 bales of cotton which had just arrived
in London from Nicaragua, being the first exported
from that country :—" This cotton was grown by
the natives, and Mr. Hart is, by the government of
Nicaragua, authorised to state that it has a great
desire to see British industry directed to the culti-
vation of cotton in that part ; and it will make a
free and liberal grant of land in the republic
to those persons who may be desirous of establish-
ing themselves in the State for the purpose of cot-
ton growing." We have no doubt that numerous
enterprising Britishers will accept the offer. That
the soil is eminently suited to the growth of cotton,
Mr. Dickinson, our minister to Nicaragua, bears
testimony. He says ;—" The soil is good beyond
description for the growth of cotton. * * * *
I am satisfied from what I have learned by inquiry
and observation, that cotton can be grown to great
advantage in this country. I saw the gin at work at
the establishment of Messrs. Russell and Fitzgerald,
in Chinandega, cleaning what I regarded as an ex-
cellent quality of cotton. They are Americans, who
intend planting 100 acres themselves this season,
and are giving away to others all the seed that is
wanted for planting. North Amerieans can labour
here and teach the inhabitants how to cultivate the
soil and raise cotton enough to supply the United
States and most of the rest of the world without
slave labour. I very much doubt whether there can
be found upon the face of the globe a soil and cli-
mate which are better adapted to its growth than
the soil and climate of Nicaragua."
We may add that Jamaica and Hayti are both
capable of producing the plant in perfection.
Cotton from Hayti has brought 14 cents, per pound
in the New York market, and it is of that choice
kind called the Sea Island, produced on the sea coast
of Smith Carolina and Georgia. In Nicaragua and
in Hayti two crops are produced in the year, and
the plant is perennial, instead of annual, as it is in
the Southern States, on account of toe winter frost.
It is not necessary to plant the seed every year, as
in Alabama or Louisiana, nor is the plant liable, as
in the Southern States, to be destroyed by spring
frosts while growing. It is estimated that the cotton
ounds of Hay ti are cap ible of producing four
times as much of the staple as the entire produce of
our slave States. Spain has thus secured her prize
at the right moment, when the sceptre is falling
from the hand of the cotton king of the South.
And when we turn to the Old World what do we
find. That Egypt is admirably adapted to the
growth of cotton, and that its government is en-
couraging British immigration there with a view to
the extensive cultivation of the plant, and in order
to cement the interests of Egypt with those of Eng-
land. Egypt is essentially necessary to England
as a means of communication with her Indian pos-
sessions, and the culture of cotton on a large scale
in Egypt would make England and Egypt mutual,
customers—the ono for the raw material, the other
for the manufactured article. Mr. Haywood, agent
of the Cotton Supply Association, reports that the
export in 186) was 142,759 bales, showing an in-
crease in four years of 51,187 bales. He adds, that
it appears to him that there is scarcely any limits
to the productive powers of the country. Other
parts of Africa are known to be equally well suited
to the growth of the plant.
But it is from Asia that England will derive her
chief supply. China grows cotton in vast quanti-
ties, and by cultivating a trade with her in the ma-
nufactured article—a trade which, considering the
population, would be immense—the British manu-
facturers may obtain as much of the plant as they
desire from " the Central Flowery Land." It is
with India, however, that England has the most
direct interest in dealing, and from that country
she will be able to obtain cotton to any amount,
while she supplies the colony with the manufactured
article suited to the climate. There is no longer any
question as to a supply of cotton. It is only now a
question of price. While the Union remained in-
tact, and the American supply was not interfered
with by war, it was the cheapest and the most rapid,
while the quality was the best, and thus it obtained
a preference. But now that the peace is broken,
and war stops the supply for the present and ren-
ders it uncertain for the future, England is deter-
mined to open up other sources of supply, and the
South may lose a customer to the amount of nearly
200,000,000 dols. per annum. For that custom
" India is the favourite candidate," says
an organ of British opinion, " and com-
bines, on the whole, the greatest number of re-
commendations. India possesses all the requisite
conditions of soil, climate, cheap labour, and prac-
tise industry." The Hindoos have nothing to learn in
the culture of the plant, for they have cuaivated it
from time imme:norial, and .50 years ago they gave
England more cotton than did the United States ;
but in the cleaning of it they ale not so expert as
Americans. And then the enormous cost of con-
veying it to port has kept it out of competition.
with the American staple ; but a system of rail-
roads is about to be established through the inte-
rior of the country, which will remedy this diffi-
culty and open to Great Britain the wealth of her
Eastern empire. It thus appears that England
begins to feel that she can do without Southern
cotton.

THE NEWEST BEGGING DODGE.—The following
extraordinary advertisement appears in the Record :—" A
clergyman, in a northern manufacturing town, wishes to
make a knapsack tour on the coast of Cornwall, but has no
means of procuring this recreation. It will cost £lO. If
any one will give him this sum, he will engage, by God's
help, to preach once or twice each day when and where he
can gather a few people together. His views may be in-
ferred from the fact that he has been employed on the
Church Home Mission."

THE GENERALSHIP AT BULL RUN.—The follow-
ing opinion of General M'Dowell's tactics at the battle of
Bull Run is given by a Southern newspaper, the Sentinel,
published at Augusta, in Georgia :—" M'Dowell arranged
and fought the battle as well as any of Lincoln's generals,
with their trcops, could have done, not excepting General
Scott. He managed it admirably in every respect, and was
very nearly successful. . . . The columns of Hunter
and Heintzelman passed up the Run, crossed at Sudley, s
Ford, and attempted to turn our left, which was the great
feature of the plan. Hunter did cross, did attack as ordered,
and did force our men down the Run, where they had to
receive the cross fire of Tyler's column ; and nothing but
the protection of Heaven, the genius of Beauregard (who
detected Hunter's movement by the clouds of dust), and
the unequalled heroic courage and endurance of our men,
prevented our left being turned, and perhaps the seizure
by Hunter of the Manassas Railroad at Gainesville."
AMERICAN ACTORS IN LONDON.---The Boston
Post says that Edwin Booth has accepted the engagement
offered him at the Haymarket Theatre, London, and will
euxgrag.
Boothet isw flolr
bea
probably leave in the steamer of next week. His wife ac-
is Tthhaet
thecmpaneac-
companies
him.expectation
alobnsfotterbmetWaenend
one and two years,