The Sun.
London, England, 1861-08-09 00:00:00

AMERICA.

LIVERP 0 OL, THURSDAY.
The steamship City of Washington, which touched.
at Queenstown yesterday, with advices from Neal
York to the 27th ult., has arrived.
In the Senate, on the 24th, the Bill to promote
the efficiency of the Volunteer forces was taken up
for the second time. The Bill allows the President
to discharge officers who are incapable or inefficient
or violate their official duty. Mr. Wilson said that
this was a most important measure. Many regi-
ments were utterly demoralized by the incompe-
tency of their officers. The rout the other day
showed the effect of their conduct, when
the officers ran several miles before they
stopped. He thought the time had come
when attention should be called to these things. Mr
Sherman thought it was no time to complain of any
one. There never was a braver army than the one
repulsed. They bad a duty to perform for the future,
and should do that. He thought the repulse of the
army would do good in rousing up the spirit all
over the country. The bill was discussed at consi-
derable length, but no result was arrived at. On
the 25th a motion to appoint a select committee to
inquire into the circumstances of the surrender of
the Federal yards at Norfolk, Pensacola, and Har-
per's Ferry was agreed to. Mr. Johnson, of Ten-
nessee, offered a resolution :
" That the present civil war was forced on the country by

disunionists of the Southern States who are now in rebel

lion against the constitutional Government. In this emer-
gency Congress, banishing all passion and resentment, will
only recollect its duty to the whole country. This war was
not waged with any spirit of suppression or subjugation, or
for any purpose of overthrowing the institutions of the
States, but to maintain and defend the supremacy of the
constitution and laws, and as soon as this is accomplished
the war ought to cease."

A lengthy discussion ensued, in the course of
which Mr. Breckenridge denounced the proceedings
of the Government in regard to the South. This
provoked a lengthy reply from Mr. Browning, who
said :
" Chivalrous Southern treason boasts that the slaves aro
arming in their behalf, but if it is suggested that the North
put arms in the hands of its black citizens there goes up a
dismal howl. Let them beware lest they teach us a lesson.
If they force us to assume that, he would advise the Presi
dent to proclaim universal emancipation."

The resolution was adopted. On the 26th Mr.
Kennedy presented a memorial from the Mayor and
citizens of Baltimore, complaining of the usurpa-
tions of the military forces in that city, and demand-

ing as a matter of right that the liberty of the citi-
zens should be preserved, and all their rights of pro-
perty protected. Referred to the Committee on the
Judiciary. Mr. Clark moved to take up the resolu-
tion offered the previous day in regard to the main-
tenance of the supremacy and integrity of the Union.
Bill taken up and passed by yeas 34, nay I—Mr.
Breckenridge. The bill to provide for the suppres-
sion of rebellion was taken up and passed. The bill
to provide revenue was taken up, the question being
on the amendments offered by Mr. Simmons from
the Committee on Finance. Several amendments
were adopted, when the bill was postponed.
In the House of Representatives on the 24th, Mr.
Elliot, from the Committee on Commerce, reported
a Bill,which was passed authorizing the President,
by and with the advice of the Senate, to appoint
consuls at any foreign ports where he may deem ad-
visable for preventing piracy, at a salary not exceed-
ing 1,500 dols. per annum, their office to cease
when internal peace shall be restored. A commit-
tee was appointed to report on the construction of
iron-plated vessels. Mr. Blair, from the Committee
on Military Affairs, reported the Senate Bill autho-
rizing the President to accept the services of
500,000 volunteers. Passed. Mr. Stevens, from
the Committee of Ways and Means, reported a bill
appropriating 100,000 dols. to pay the police
organized by the United States authorities in the
city of Baltimore. Mr. Burnett, in reply, said,--
"This is one of those extraordinary measures resulting
from the extraordinary acts of the Administration. The
civil authorities in the city of Baltimore have been super-
seded and a military police established there instead, in vio-
lation of the express law of one of the sovereign States.
This, too,was done without colour or claim oflegal warrant,
either derived from the Constitution or any other power
derived from law. This was followed by another high-
handed act. Private citizens, as well as the Police Com-
missioners, without justification, have been incarcerated in
a fortress. The President has violated the Constitution by
suspending the writ of habeas corpus. My God, where is
this thing to stop ? We are not only in the midst of a re-
volution in the Southern States but in the midst of a revolu-
tion in the States within the jurisdiction of this Govern-
ment. Besides all this, a revolution has been introduced
endorsing all the illegal acts of the President, instead of the
representatives of the people standing up in their manhood
and arraigning the chief magistrate at the bar of the coun-
try, and administering to him a rebuke. lie would tell
gentlemen that there is a sleeping sentiment at the North.
There was no power to prevent it from developing itself.
He would tell them that these are the saddest events ever
written on the page of our country's history."

"Mr. Richardson wanted to say a word to his friend from
Kentucky. You, he remarked, are more than any other
man responsible for the present condition of the country.
You aided the mischief at Charleston and Baltimore, which
had brought this sad calamity upon us. You have stood by
the Republicans and aided them under the pretext that you
wanted to break up their party. I do not know whether
this bill is right or wrong. I have not listened even to the
reading of its provisions, but I desire to say to those gentle-
men who are plotting the ruin of the country they are the
last men to stand up claiming a violation of the Constitu-
tion, while they themselves are trampling on the laws.
"Mr. Burnett, rising and asking earnestly—The gentle-
man certainly does not intend to do me injustice ?

•
"Mr. Richardson—Of course, not.
" Mr. Burnett—When the gentleman states that I was
at Charleston engaged in plotting to break up the Demo-
cratic party, he states that of which he knows nothing. I
had no agency in it whatever. So far from this, I was the
only man from a slave State who, after the Convention
separated, went after those who had withdrawn and ap-
pealed to them to come back.

" Mr. Richardson resuming, and speaking emphatically
—I was not mistaken in the position I assume. I found
the gentleman there lending his sanction to the breaking
up of the Democratic party, and I am responsible for this
statement.

"Mr. Burnett, with equal earnestness—So far as the
responsibility is concerned, I have never refused to take it.
" Mr. Richardson—So help me God, I am responsible
everywhere. (Applause, which was speedily checked.)
" Mr. Burnett—And I am responsible everywhere else.
(Sensation.)

" Mr. Richardson—l stand hero to declare what I myself
saw.

" Mr. Burnett—l desire to say to the gentleman that I
will have no personal controversy with any one on this
floor ; but if the gentleman desires a personal controversy
with me, so that he can make a personal assault, he can
have it elsewhere.

"Mr. Richardson—l desire no personal controversy with
anybody, but if the gentleman desires he can have it.
(Laughter and applause.)

"Mr. Vallandigharn—After the late disaster, and the
enemy almost Within cannon shot of the capital, such per-
sonal indecorum does not become the House. (Slight hissing
from the Republican side.)

i 4 Mr. Richardson—l am not ambitious of personal diffi-
culties. Ido not desire, but shall not shrink from them. I
fear no man who walks on God Almighty's earth. I have
said the gentleman from Kentucky; was engaged in breaking
up the Democratic party. I know the fact.
4 6 mr. Burnett (excitedly)—Let me tell the gentleman
once for all— _

"The Speaker—Will the gentleman yield the floor ?"

Here the personal discussion ended and the de-
bate was resumed. Subsequently recriminations
were indulged in respecting who was to blame for
the disaster at Bull's Run
Arr. Blair (Mobile)—I desire to eay a few words.
Generals pntler, Patterson, and Cadwallader were freni the

" Mr. Richardson—l said four Generals were appointed
from the Breckinridge, but none froni the Douglas party,
but I have no complaint.

" Mr. Blair—Of all the Douglas men who are qualified
for such command, I have no doubt the gentleman is the
first and best.

" Mr. Richardson (bowing)—l am very much obliged to

you.
" Mr. Blair—The gentleman said that General Scott had
been driven to risk a battle by gentlemen on this side, but
nothing has been said here derogatory to that soldier. Is
the Major-General fit to command if he can be forced to
battle against his own best judgment and at the outcry of
outsiders ? Nobody on ;this side has said aught against
General Scott. The charge came from the gentleman from
Illinois, and it was derogatory in the highest degree.
" Mr. Richardson—l take it all back. (Laughter.) I
repeat that General Scott had been forced to fight this
battle. I will tell you what occurred yesterday morning.
My colleagues (Logan and Vashburne) and myself were
present with the President, Secretary of War, and General
Scott. In the course of our conversation General Scott re •
marked ' I am the biggest coward in the world.' I rose from
my seat. Stay,' said General Scott, I will prove it. I
have fought the battle against my judgment, and I think
the President ought to remove me to-day for doing it. As
God is my judge,' he added, after an interval of silence, I
did all in my power to make the army efficient, and 1 de-
serve removal because I did not stand up when I could and
did not.' I stand here to vindicate General Scott. I am
indebted to the gentleman from Missouri for the compliment
he paid rae. I desire to say for myself that lam here the
last of a generation, my father and grandfather having
fallen beneath the flag of their country. I too have fought
under its folds at home and abroad, and, God willing, there
I will stand till the end of my life, defending it against all
foes.
" Mr. Washburne—As my colleague has referred to
General Scott's remarks, he might also allude to what the
President said.
" Mr. Richardson—l will do so. ' Your conversation
implies,' said the President to General Scott, that I forced
you to battle: To which General Scott replied, I have
never served under a President who has been kinder to me
than you have been.' But General Scott did not relieve
the President from the fact of the latter having forced him
to fight the battle. General Scott then paid a compliment
to the President personally. I desire to say of the President
that I have known him from boyhood. If you let him alone
he is an honest man. (Laughter.) But lam afraid he has
not firmness to stand up against the politicans around him."
After further discussion the bill passed. The
house then went into committee on the bill to pro•
vide additional revenue for defraying the expenses
of maintaining the Government and defending the
public credit by the assessment of a direct tax and
internal duties ; and on the motion of Mr. Conkling
resolved :
" That the bill be recommitted to the committee of ways
and means, with instructions to amend it so as to provide
that the tax on real and personal estate provided therein be
levied, assessed, and collected in the several states and ter-
ritories, and the district of Columbia, in the same manner
as state and territorial taxes are by local law collected
therein."

On the 25th Mr. Richardson rose and apologised
for the heated remarks hethad made on the previous
day. The Senate resolution appropriating 2,000
dols., in order that the President may adopt such
measures as may be necessary to insure a represen-
tation of the United States at the World's Fair in
London in 1862, was agreed to. Mr. Stevens, from
the Committee on Ways and Means, reported the
Senate Bill supplementary to the late Loan Act
with an amendment authorising the Secretary of
the Treasury to fix the denomination of Treasury
notes below 50 dols., which he may exchange for
coin, bearing interest at 9 per cent. per annum, if
this amount is necessary in order to negotiate a loan.
The aggregate amount of Treasury notes not to ex-
ceed 250,000 dols. The duties on imports, tea,
coffee, sugar, spices, wines, liquors, and all such ex-
cise and other internal duties and taxes as may be
collected, are pledged for the redemption of the debt
incurred. Adopted by a majority of one. The bill
P• Mr. passed, Stevens, from the Committee on Ways
and Means, to whom the Direct Tax and Internal
Duties Bill was referred on the previous day, re-
ported that they were unable to devise any provision
which would be constitutional and at the same time
carry into effect the instructions of the House. The
Direct Tax and Internal Duties Bill was then con-
sidered in Committee of the Whole on the state of
the Union. Mr. Stevens moved to include slaves in
the objects of the direct taxation.
After a discussion Mr. Stevens's amendment tax-
ing slaves received a vote of 69 against 25. On the
motion of Mr. Wickliffe the committee rose, when
he moved that the bill be referred to the Committee
on Ways and Means with instructions to report a
revenue tariff bill, and if necessary for direct taxes
and excise, in order that the taxes may bear
equally on the wealth of the country, and that the
committee report next session. Objection was
made, when the house adjourned.
On the 26th the house
went into committee on
the Direct Taxation Bill, but no conclusion was
arrived at.
Alluding to the tariff, the Washington correspon-
dent of the New York Herald says
" The Committee on Finance this morning at their meet-
ing substituted Senator Simmons's Tariff Bill for the House
Bill, making, however, a few alterations from his original
bill. They changed the compound duties on sugar, tea,
coffee, and molasses to specific duties. Brown sugar, under
the tariff as it stands, will be two cents, refined sugar four
cents, coffee four cents, tea 15 cents, and molasses five
cents. With these exceptions the bill remains the same."
Respecting the military Bills, the Washington
correspondent of the New
tt se
nTt
toh toehfesie billra
et
efgoihrmatedhnetpsi
rnoocfvried2ae, s3deoofoofmr teahnne,
}ork Tribune says:___
" The two branches of Congress have compromised their
in accordance with the recommendations of thaxecutive.
establishmentant gi o an m
to
o°nthedm ee
nx.
This the house altered to a volunteer force, but through
militaryad
ui sga mgre ene t
the joint Committee Of Conference receded from its amend-
ment and agreed to the Senate Bill, with a proviso that the
army, which is thus made to consist of 40,000, shall be re-
duced to 25,000 men at the end of the War, without further
legislation. All the officers of the regular army who may
be assigned to dutyin newregiments are, on the latter being
disbanded, to return to their former regiments, with the
pay and promotion to which they shall be entitled."
The five men belonging to the Confederate
cruiser Sumter had been committed for trial on
the charge of piracy by the United States' Cora-
mission Court at New York.
Among the miscellaneous intelligence by this
mail, we learn that General M'Clellan, on his ar-
rival at Philadelphia, en route to Washington, to
assume the chief command of the Federal army,
received an enthusiastic ovation, bouquets being
showered upon him. He delivered the following
address
My friends,—ln this time of action it will not do to
make useless speeches. I take this greeting as intended for
my brave soldiers of Western Virginia, to whom the whole
credit of the recent skirmishing in that section is due. But
your applauses assure me that the cause of the Government
lies next to your hearts, and, remembering it, I shall try to
do better in my new field of labour. I bid you good by.,,
The general is thus described :
" Instead of greeting a scarred, colossal figure, full of
the marks of a campaign, they saw only a boyish figure, not
over five feet eight inches in height, and although brown
from exposure, yet fresh and acti,e. He did not wear epau-
lettes, but the simple fatigue dress of an officer—blue blouse
with shoulder bars and black pants, With gold stripe."
Only one of the members of Congress, who went
to Bull's Run to witness the battle, had fallen into
the hands of the enemy—the Hon. A. B. Ely, of
Rochester district. During the marching of a body
of Confederate prisoners through Washington the
mob made great endeavours to ill-treat them, and
in some cases were successful. Professor Low had
made a successful balloon reconnaisance through the
disaster at Bull's Run, which is thus reported
He observed a large body of rebels at Fairfax Court-
house. He counted 200 of their tents in one field, and there
were a number of others in the adjoining wood. A number
of cavalry were about a mile this side of the Court-house,
probably at the principal barricade on the road. There were
two regiments of infantry and a large body of cavalry on
the road from Centreville to Fairfax Court-house, and in

the vicinity of Manassas Junction, the whole face of the
country Was covered with the rebel forces."
The 14th Ohio, on returning to Toledo, their term
of enlistment having expired, experienced a very
cordial reception. It is mentioned that " after a
few weeks' furlough" they would be ready to re-
enlist. In Alexandria disturbances and disorders
prevailed to a deplorable extent, and the general
in command had been compelled to issue very
stringent regulations. At Washington similar oc-
curences were prevalent, and in several cases it was
found necessary to charge the drunken mob of sol-
diers with cavalry. The Federal Government, had
accepted the services of a regiment of " British Vo-
lunteers," formed, or in course of formation, at New
York. Since the disaster at Bull's Run, Pennsyl-
vania had sent 11,000 men to Washington. Major-
General Dix in command of the Federals at Balti-
more had, with the sanction of General Banks, ap-
pealed to his men to stand by him in case of any
outbreak. The appeal was specially directed to
those regiments which having served their time
were about to disband. The General was only
passenger from Bremen by
partially successful. A

the steamer New York, who expressed strong Se-
cession sentiments on the passage, and said he had
despatches for Jeff. Davis, was arrested on landing
at New York. Some of the New York papers were
demanding a court :martial on General 11‘Dowell,
against whom and many other officers the most se-
rious charges were being made by the ultra-North-
ern press. The President and his Cabinet are also
accused of having forced General Scott into action
before the army was properly prepared for an ad-
vance against the enemy. Many of the news-
papers of New York contain charges of great cruel-
ties to Northern soldiers by the Confederates after
the battle, but none of them appear to be well sub-
stantiated. The following are a few among the
many accusations :
" That the throat of Captain Haggerty was cut while he
lay dead on the battle-field, and his ears and nose cut off,
that some who surrendered themselves as prisoners were
riddled with balls ; that two women (vivandieres) were fired
upon while ministering to the wounded ; that ambulances
conveying the wounded were fired upon, flags of truce at-
tacked, the hospital fired into and set on fire, and similar
savage cruelties perpetrated. The telegraph also reports
that some of our troops were pinioned to trees, and tortured
with bayonets thiust at them."

The New York journal of Commerce cautions

the nation that the Abolitionists were about to com-
mence a crusade for the emancipation of the slaves,
by demanding that the Government should retaliate
upon the South in that way. At the meeting of the
New York Union Defence Committee, on tr e 23d,
the leading Republican members demanded the re-
moval of the Secretary of the Navy and the Secre-
tary of War, and Mr. Moses H. Grinnell and Cap-
tain C. H. Marshall made earnest speeches in favour
of such a change.
A despatch of a doubtful character from Harper's
Ferry to the 26th states that the Confederates had
been defeated there. General Banks and his staff
had assumed the command at Harper's Ferry, super-
seding Gen. Patterson, who had returned to Balti-
more. Before leaving General Patterson issued a
proclamation, announcing that as the term of most
of the troops from Pennsylvania had expired, and
nearly all of them were returning home, he, by
order of the War Department, relinquished his
command. General Patterson had also published a
letter, dated at Harper's Ferry, on the 22d inst.,
explanatory of his movements while in command,
in which he says :
" General Johnston retreated to Winchester, where ho
had thrown up extensive entrenchments and had a large
number of heavy guns. I could have turned his position
and attacked him in the rear, but he had received large re•
inforcements from Mississippi, Alabama, and Georgia--a
total force of over 35,000 rebel troops and 5,000 Virginia
militia. My force is less than 20,000 men. Nineteen regi-
ments, whose term of service was up, or would be within a
week, all refused to stay an hour over their time but four
—viz., two Indiana regiments, Frank Jarrett's (the 11th
Pennsylvania), and Owen's (the 24th Pennsylvania). Five
regiments have gone home. Two more to-day, and three
more to-morrow. To avoid being cut off with the remainder
I fell back and occupied this place."
An expedition on the 25th from Fortress Monroe
to Black River, an arm of the sea between Old Point
and York River, was successful in surprising and
burning nine sloops and schooners, and in bringing
off a valuable prize. From St. Louis, under date the
23d, we learn that Colonels Siegel and Solomon were
reorganising the Federal Regiments for three years'
service. Col. Sweeney had started from St. Louis,
with 1,200 men, for Forsyth, on the White River.
General Lyon's command had left St. Louis for
Camp Little York on the Mount Vernon-road.
Gen. M'Culloch was at Camp Walker, Arkansas,
with 5,000 well-armed Federal troops. Governor
Jackson, with 10,000 undisciplined men, was about
12 miles from Camp Walker. General Cox had oc-
cupied Charleston, Virginia, the Confederates re-
treating and burning the bridges. It was thought
that Col. Rosencrantz would cut off their retreat.

Front the blockading squadron we learn that
on the 20th the Federal fleet at the mouth of the
Mississippi was reinforced by five war vessels. Cap-
tures of small coasting vessels had been frequent.

Southern accounts of the battle at Bull's Run re-
port that five Confederate generals were killed-
-viz., Barton, of Georgia ; Bee, of South Carolina;
Kirkby and Smith, of Florida ; and also Colonel
Johnson, of Hampton's Legion.

A special despatch to the Charleston 21Iercury,
dated Juiy 23, says :—As soon as it became evident
that the enemy meant to give battle, President
Davis hastened to the scene of action, and was in
time to take part in the battle.
He immediately assumed command of the centre.
General Beauregard was commander of the right
wing ; and General Johnston of the left. It was
against Gen. Johnston's command the enemy con-
centrated their best troops, who fought most obsti-
nately. At one time the left was pressed so severely
that the issue of the conflict in that direction
seemed doubtful.

It was here that Col. Barton's Georgian regi-
ment was posted, which was so terribly cut up that
a large body of our troops from the centre was sent
out at a critical moment to the left's assistance, and
turned the tide of the battle.

The enemy broke and fled before the impetuous
charges of the Southerners, and the battle soon be-
came a route.

LGUISVILLE, July 26, 1861.

A dispatch from Richmond, 22d, says : Soon after
prayer in the Confederate Congress, the following
dispatch was read to that body :
MANASSAS JUNCTION, Sunday night.
Night having closed upon a hard fought field, our
forces were victorious. The enemy was routed, and
fled precipitately, abandoning a large amount of
arms, ammunition, knapsacks, and baggage.
The ground was strewed for miles with those
killed, and the farm houses and the ground around
were filled with wounded. Pursuit was continued
along several routes towards Leesburg and Centre-
ville, until darkness covered the fugitives. We
have captured several field batteries, stands of arms,
and Union and State flags ; many prisoners have
been taken.

Too high praise cannot be bestowed ; whether for
the skill of the principal officers or for the gallan-
try of all our troops. The battle was mainly fought
on our left. Oar force was 15,000, that of the
enemy estimated at 35,000.

(Signed) JEFFERSON DAVIS.
Another dispatch says the entire Confederate
force was about 40,000, and the entire forces of the
United States near 80,000.
No particulars are received of the dead and
wounded.
The Washington correspondent of the New lark
Herald says, though some would fain deny it, yet
it is undeniable that Fairfax Court House is again
in possession of the, Secession troops. It is said
and credited that Johnston, although numbered
among the dead by many, is there in person with
upwards of 15,000 troops.
A despatch to the New Orleans Picayune, dated
the 19th, says :-
4,An 464 account of the ),attle of EIA 104 re-

ceived at the War Department at noon to .clay> This report
states that the Confederate loss amounted to 60 killed and
wounded. The loss of the enemy was over 500. Five
hundred loaded muskets were taken and two pieces of can-
non. The enemy twice asked permission to take their dead
off the field. Our loss was 137 in killed, wounded, and
missing, but the missing since returned reduce this to 60.
The number of the enemy engaged is variously estimated at
between 5,000 and 10,000, while our force little exceeded
3,500."

A despatch to the Louisville Courier, dated the
23d, says that the Confederates captured 63 cannon,
25,000 stands of arms, 1,200 horses, and all the
stores and provisions of the Federal forces, valued
at 1,000,000 dols. The despatch also says that a
buggy and epaulets, marked "General Scott," were
captured. Another despatch says that the loss of the
Confederates was 2,000 ; that the loss of the Federal
forces was 15,000 killed, and that the number of
the wounded and prisoners taken was not known.
Two members of Congress were among the pri-
soners. Among Gen. Johnson's force was a regi-
mtnt of Kentuckians, who refused more than one
round of cartridge, preferring their heavy bowie-
knives. Letters from Norfolk state that the Confe-
derates had strengthened that place immensely.
Several hundred Secessionists had taken possession
of Memphis, Missouri, and were intrenching them-
selves. 1,000 stands of arms had been distributed
along the Southern border of lowa by Gen. Kirk-
wood. The Secessionists were said to be disarming
the Union men in Eastern Missouri. An attack on
Fort Monroe was apprehended. The Qonfederate
Secretary of the Treasury had issued the following
notification respecting the Produce Loan :
" Confederate States of America, Treasury
Department, Richmond, July 11.
"Hon. 0. M. Dantzler, St. Matthew's Parish, S.C.
" Sir,—Your letter of the 6th instant makes an inquiry
which I find repeatel from several other quarters, to which
I think it best to make a public reply. The inquiry is,
whether, in case no sales can be made before the day named
in the cotton subscriptions, without a sacrifice of the pro-
perty, the sales are still to be insisted on. I answer, cer-
tainly not. The day named is upon the presumption that
the blockade will be broken, and that sales of produce can
then be made. I propose to submit another plan to provide
for the contingency of a continuance of the blockade, which
will allow an indefinite retention of the crop. But it con-
stitutes no part of either plan to force the produce on the
market at a sacrifice. With much respect, your obedient
servant,

C. G. MEMMINGER, Secretary of the Treasury."

TILE WARRIOR.

' Yesterday morning the grand frigate hoisted her
pennant at last, and made her first brief voyage
from Blackwall to Greenhithe. Beyond the mere
fact of its being the first voyage there was not much
of interest in the proceeding. She had the assist-
ance of many powerful tugs, was under steam her-
self, and answered her helm so readily as to be al-
ways completely in hand. With such aids, not-
withstanding the very strong wind and sharp turns
in the river, she proved as manageable as a penny
steamboat, and within two hours of the time of her
leaving the Victoria Dock was quietly swinging to
her anchor a little above Gravesend. The time fixed
for her departure yesterday was 1 o'clock, about two
hours before high tide, in order that she might have
the check of the stream against her in dropping
down the river. Before that hour, however, she
was warped out from the corner where she has so
long been fitting, and brought to the entrance of
the dock leading to the river. With a vessel of such
enormous size and weight, and in a dock so crowded
with shipping, to move her at all was a labour re-
quiring no ordinary care and vigilance, and the
work had to be accomplished very slowly. By 11
o'clock, however, she was brought quietly to the
entrance, and before 12 Capt. Cochrane had all in
readiness for going out into the stream at a moment's
notice. Steam was got up in all the boilers, for
though professing to depend on the tugs for mo-
mentum and guidance, it was very prudently deter-
mined that in case of any mishap, such as a hawser
breaking, the Warrior should be quite ready and
able to take care of herself if required. There was
an almost total absence of curiosity to witness her
departure from the docks, and in fact, very few at
all ventured to brave the gusts of wind and torrents
of rain that swept across the river like banks of
mist throughout all the early parts of the day.
This lack of interest, however, was evidently due
solely to the wretched weather. Precisely at half-
past 1, the tide in the river having risen to the level
of the water in the docks, a regular, team of steam
tugs made fast to the Warrior's stern, and the gates
being opened, went blustering and splashing out
into the Thames, towing the massive, black, and
ominous-looking ship stern foremost after them.
As she cleared the dock gates the ensigns and pen-
nant were run up, the band of the Marines playing
" Rule Britannia." No cheering was attempted,
for there was plenty to be done at once, as the force
of the tide and wind came full on her broadside,
and in spite of all the sturdy efforts of the tugs
began to drift her up the stream. The tugs made
a gallant struggle for it, but in vain, and if the
Warrior herself had not been in working order
with her engines she might have gone much fur-
ther up the river than would have been either
safe or convenient. As it was a very few turns of
her gigantic screw, which seemed to stir up the very
bottom of the Thames, soon checked her progress,
and sent her into the middle of the river, facing fair
down the stream. Once in this position, no further
difficulty was experienced. In the very sharp turns
just below Woolwich and just above Greenhithe it
was of course necessary to use considerable care,
and to screw astern till she was sometimes brought
almost to a standstill. Beyond this, however, all
went as well as could have been desired—she fouled
nothing, never touched the ground, and was, as we
have said, quietly at her moorings in less than a
couple of hours after she had started. At all the
' bends of the river she answered her helm like a
yacht, and though the wheel worked stiff and was
hard to get over, yet a very few turns did all that
was wanted. Admiral Keppel, Commodore Sey-
mour, and Commodore Eden, who were on board,
were delighted with the perfect ease with which
she was at all times held in hand. The engines
worked with an ease which, considering their im-
mense size and newness, was almost marvellous.
Not a single part required alteration, easing, or even
adjustment of any kind whatever. Mr. Penn was,
of course, on board, and would have liked nothing
':setter than to have driven her at full speed right
away. But this high speed, in a narrow river
crowded with shipping, was quite out of the ques-
tion, and he could only once or twice partially
gratify his inclination in this respect by going full
speed astern, when at the turns the Warrior's head
was nearer the shore than was desirable. The greatest
pressure of steam in the boilers at any time was 211 b.,
but as a rule it was kept below this. The greatest
number of revolutions obtained, or, more properly
speaking, allowed per minute yesterday was 58,
and at this all worked as smoothly and quietly as
when the screw was scarcely turning. This number
of revolutions was required only once, and that
merely for a minute or two, to turn the Warrior
astern. At full speed at sea the engines will make
62 revolutions per minute, which will give her a
speed of screw of 18 knots. Allowing as much as
cf this for " slip" (in the ease of the War-
rior the slip is not expected to exceed one-eighth),
we shall have a speed of 15 knots—a speed which
,no man-of-war in the world comes within a knot,
an hour of. As far as can be judged at present
there is every prospect of the Warrior making even
more than this great velocity in her trial trip next
month. The highest speed attained yesterday Was
soon after passing- Woolwich, when the tide was
almost at its height, though on the whole slightly
against the vessel. Going at rather less than 50
revolutions she went at the rate of 14,1 knots. At
no time, even when her rate was changed from slow
ahead to full speed astern, was the vibration of the
screw more than perceptible, practically speaking,
either in the bows or on the quarter-deck. With
a wooden vessel of the same length and exerting the

ite of the double row of furnaces-7-like a street
° fire, the stokehole yesterday was remarkably
cool, but, as we anticipated, the engine-room was
much less so. A ventilating arrangement is about
to be made which will remedy the heat of this
latter portion of the ship entirely. All that now
remains to be done to the Warrior is in the way of
internal fittings, her rigging and hull are complete.
The outside, as it shows now, is the very perfection
of workmanship, the plates fitting in with the
Mr. Wigram, Mr.
smoothness of a coat of varnish. It is impossible
to detect with the eye where any join is made.
r
Yesterday morning notices were sent round
• from the Admiralty to the Thames Iron Works,
LMaeisrsdr,s.MSeasmsrusd. al'' al%llmire.r,l\7l4arr.e, Napier, and Messrs.
Westwood and Bailie, asking tenders for build-
ing three more iron frigates. These vessels are
to be 20 feet longer and 151 inches broader than
the Warrior class—viz., 400 ft. long by 59ft. 31,
inches beam. Their depth is to be the same as the
Warrior's; their tonnage 6,620, with engines of
1,250 horse-power, nominal. They are to Faye a
flatter floor though with the same draught of water,
25ft. Each is to be entirely coated from stem to
stern with armour plates of 51 instead of 42 inchea
thick. Behind this, as at present arranged, is to
be a backing of nine inches of solid teak. The Ad-
miralty, however, reserve to themselves the right
of altering this portion of the contract within the
next three months and either increasing the thick-
ness of the iron to 6-3, inches and doing away with,
the teak altogether, or leaving the proportions us
we have mentioned. In fact, the Admiralty are
waiting to see other results from experiments on
Mr. Fairbairn's plan of iron only for ships' side
and also to see how the target which is being buil
on the same plan as the Warrior's side will stand
the pounding it will shortly receive at Shoebury-
ness. At all events, the armour of these new
vessels, whether of wood and iron, or iron only, is to
weigh 2,100 tons—the armour alone of the Warrior
being very little over 900 tons. The spar deck is
to be of half inch iron, instead of, as with our pre-
sent ships, only quarter-inch, and all the lower
decks are to be of wood, laid on iron beams, and
strengthened across with diagonal stringers and
braces of iron, in the usual manner. Neither bows
nor stern are to overhang. The bows are to be
sharp and wedge-shaped, rising straight from the
water, like that of the Great Eastern. The stern
is to be quite round and almost straighter than La
Gloire's. Tenders are required at the Admiralty
from the firms we have mentioned for three such
vessels to be begun at once. Tenders for three more
will be required, it is said, in the course of another
month or so. "It is better late than never" per-
hap, but really the order for these vessels seems
almost unpardonably late. The Admiralty
have not now any information with reference to
ships which they had not at least as fully this time
last year, when the six vessels now so tardily about
to be commenced might as well have been ordered.
At least two years and a half must elapse before any
of these ships for which tenders are asked will be
ready for sea. Yet at this very day the French have
actually 11 iron-cased frigates afloat or in commis-
sion, and no less than 17 building. Of these ships
two—the Mangenta and Solferino—are two-deCkers,
11 are floating batteries, like our Defence and Re-
sistance, and 14 are either 40, 46, or 50-gun frigates,
like the Gloire, Tonnaute, Couronne, Normandie,
Saigon, Invincible, &c. Yet the first iron vessel
belonging to this country will not be at sea before
October, and it will be quite six months before she
has a consort in the Channel.

RAILWAYS AND PUBLIC COMPANIES.

GREAT WESTERN.

The directors of this company have decided to
recommend to the proprietors a dividend at the rate
of 2+ per cent. per annum for the half year ending
the 30th of June last, leaving a balance of about
£2,400 to be carried over to the next half-year.

- -

being then left as before to settle its own domestic
institutions, was carried. In the debate on it
'some sensible remarks were made by Mr. BROWN-
ING, to the effect that the South boasted of the
blacks being armed in defence of the Confe-
derates that the proper retaliation of the
North would be to treat them also as citizens, to
appeal to their loyalty by proclaiming emancipa-
tion as the reward of service. There is reason in
this, and not mere cleverness only. If the South
itself treats the blacks as citizens the North may
fairly appeal to them to be loyal. Or if the South
uses them in military service at all, the North has
every right to do the same, and to neutralise, if
possible, such a means of strength for the South.
Amongst the direct taxes one on slavee was agreed
to. This would seem to be recognising them as
property, but the Congress may certainly point to
the example of England which can be pleaded for
regarding men servants as a test of their
master's ability to pay taxes, and charges them in
the same taxing-papers with carriages, horses, and
dogs.

rhyme-

We may soon expect some important news
from Austria. The German advisers of the weak
young EMPEROR have, or will soon have, the
reply of the Hungarian Diet to the impudent
and lying Rescript which they had advised their
master to send to Hungary. HAPSBURG as he
is, it would appear that the EMPEROR, person-
ally, is not so hard-hearted and ambitious as these
paltry German Ministers. He has, we are told,
some not unnatural desires that the generous
people, who are willing to overlook some infor-
malities and to address him as monarch, should
feel towards him as loyal subjects to a deserving
king. SCHMERLING and the Camarilla who ad-
vise him, know that they can obtain no personal
regard from the Hungarians. They are despised
by the
erhaughty and liberty-loving aristocracy of
Hun
as a mere batch of mushroom officials,
slaves themselves, and desirous to enslave others.
But "King" is yet a magic word with Hungarians.
The sentiment of loyalty is wonderfully strong
among the people, or it could not have survived
such treatment as they have received from the per-
fidious and cruel line of Hapsburg Kings. And the
King of HUNGARY is aware in some degree of this.
The fact can hardly be concealed from him, that he
has only to speak the word, and he might at once re-
gain the whole strength of Hungary, and be a
mightier monarch than he ever was, although a
monarch of the free.

T "

0 X F O R D,
6, OXFORD-STREET.
The architectural beauty, elegance of ornamentation, and
brilliancy of lighting of this noble building, render it one of
the sights of London. Open Every Evening. The pro-
ro-
gramme is varied, and includes Selections from "La
"Un Ballo in Maschera," &c., (by a full company of
principals, powerful band, and chorus). Solos by Miss Bryant
on the Piano Forte, and by Mr. Russell on the Trombone.
Old English Ballad, by Miss Green, Scotch Duets by the
Misses Stuart, and other vocal and instrumental music of the
highest order. Conductor, Mr. F. Jonghmans. The Comic
portion of the entertainment is supported by
Messrs. M. P.
Foster (in his " Life Sketches"), Sam Collins, Harvey, and
French (the Nerves), E. Marshall, and W. Randall. Hall,
sixpence ; Balcony and Stalls, one shilling. Private Boxes,
10s. 6d.

HIGH WATER AT LONDON BRIDGE.
THIS DAY.—Morning, 3h. 40m.—Afternoon, t 3h.
To-mouitow.-Homing, 4h. 20m.—Afternoon, 4h. 42m.

Opposition. Listening to him, it was as if we
heard the loudest and most boisterous of some

" four and twenty happy boys," who like the
urchins in HOOD'S Ballad of " Eugene Aram"—
" Came bounding out of school."

And of whom the poet sings in an exhilarating

There were some that ran, and some that leaped,

LATEST NiIW.

BANK OF FRANCE.

PARIS, AUG. 9.

The Nontteur of to-day publishes the usual
monthly return of the Bank of France, which
shows the following results, as compared with the
July account :

INCREASE.

Francs.
Cash in hand ..
w,P 12 1.6 millions.
Bills discounted; 'not yet dn'e 4 4.5 millions.

Bank-notes
Treasury balance

Advances

DECREASE.

26 5 6 millions.
15 3.5 millions.

Current accounts

11 million.
21 2.5 millions

CONSTANTINOPLE, AUG. 8.
The number of officers in the Turkish army has

been reduced.
Henceforth the new officers will be chosen from
among those who have been dismissed on account
of this reduction.

A commission has been appointed for the re
demption of the new Caimes.

TURIN, AUG. 9.
General Fanti will proceed to Chalons, in order
to be present at the military movements.
Signor Bastogi, Minister of Finance, has been
raised by the King to the rank of Count, and
appointed Grand Officer of the Order of St. Maurice
and Lazarus, on account of the services rendered
by him in the conclusion of the National Loan.

VIENNA, AUG, 9.

An ordinance from the Minister of Finance orders
that, at present and during harvest-time, those Hun-
garian taxpayers who are really indigent are to be
treated with indulgence, but that the most ener-
getic measures of severity are to be employed
against those solvent persons who refuse to pay the
taxes.

PESTH, AUG. 8.

In to-day's sitting of the Lower House the draft
of an address from the Diet to the Emperor was
proposed by M. Deak.

The demands made in this address do not
differ from those contained in the first address.
It refutes the Imperial rescript, and declares in
conclusion that further negotiations are broken off.
This address was unanimously and enthusiasti-
cally adopted, and it was resolved to send it to
the Upper House.

PESTH, AUG. 9.

The draught address, as proposed by M. Deak,
also mentions the rights of the Bohemian and
Galician Crowns ; decidedly declines that deputies
from the Hungarian Diet should be sent to the
Council of the Empire; and declares that the
Hungarian Diet must cease transacting any Par-
liamentary business.

RAGUSA, AUG. 5.

The European commission for the settlement
of the affairs of the Herzegovina has been dis-

solved.

Omer Pacha has addressed an ultimatum to
the Montenegrin chiefs.
The army of Omer Pacha now numbers 30,000
men, and is being concentrated with the intention
of vigorously carrying on operations.

FRANCE.

THE SUN, LONDON, FRIDAY EVENING, AUGUST 9. 'lB6l.

Cossacks as had no families to make a movement in
advance, and it so happened that it was the Cossacks
of the regiment of Khopersk that were fixed on to
compose the advanced guard, and form a new line.
Those men form a body who have covered them-
seVes with glory during the wars in the Caucasus.
This regiment had established itself on the side of
the Kouburn, and the ground being good, they had,
from their skill iu agricultural labours, become rich.
That fact had made it the interest of the subordinate
agents of the Government to get them dislodged from
the place where they were, and sent forward to form
the new advanced guard. The Cossacks, however,
heard of the project, and sent a deputation to Prince
Bariatinski to remonstrate against their removal,
bat they were not allowed to have an interview of
the General. A promise was, however, given them
that the old men and the fathers of families should
not be sent. to form the advanced guard. Soon
after, Prince nariatinski quitted the Caucasus; and
Count ---, who succeeded to the command, gave
orders for all of them to quit their houses and
lands, and march forward. They refused to obey,
and troops and artillery were sent to enforce obe-
dience to the orders of the General. This harsh-
ness roused them to rebellion, and quitting their
families and taking with them only their arms,
they went over in a body and joined the enemies of
the Russians."

AINSWORTH'S NEW WORK.