The Sun.
London, England, 1861-07-06 00:00:00

THE suN, LONDON, SATURDAY EVENING, JULY 6, 1861.

rIANTERBURY -HALL CONCERTS
AND FINE ARTS GALLERY.
EVERY EVENING._

- -
Two Grand Selections from celebrated Operas, including
Verdi's new Opera. THE BAL MASQUE (first produced
in England at this Establishment), with a Chorus of Forty
Voices, and upon a stale unequalled at any other Concerts.
Miss Russell, Miss Ernst, Mr. Greville, Mr. Herbert, Signor
Tivoli, Mr. Bernard; popular Solos on the Cornet-s-piston,
by Mr. Levy (the first performer of the day) ; the Brothers
Conrad (in an entirely original entertainment on the double
rope, not to be seen elsewhere); continued success of Mr.
Wood and his talented little Son.
The Comic Department comprises the followinc, favourites:
—Mr. Marshall, Mr. Hollingsworth ; the NERVES, by
Messrs. Harvey and French ; and Mrs. Lawrence.
Musical Director, Mr. JONGHMANS.

T "

XFORD,
6, OXFORD-STREET.
This noble building being now comp
letet its architectural
beauty, elegance of ornamentation, and brilliancy of lighting
render it one of the sights of the metropolis. Open Every
Evening. The programme is varied, and includes Selections
(by a full company of principals, p9werful band, and chorus)
from " Macbeth" and "Un Ballo in Maschera." both operas
by Verdi, the composer of the day—The wonderful Solos on
the Comet-a-Piston of the renowned LEVY—Scotch Duets by
the Misses Stuart, and other vocal and instrumental music
of the highest order. Conductor, Mr. F. Jonghmans. The
Comic portion of the entertainment is supported by Miss
Green, Messrs. Sam Collins, Harvey, and French (the Nerves)
W. H. Wieland, E. Marshall. and W. Randall. Admission,
Hall, sixpence ; Balcony and Stalls, one shilling. Private
Boxes, 10s. 6d.

HIGH WATER AT LONDON BRIDGE.
THIS DAY.—Morning, 12h. &sm.—Afternoon, 12h. 55m.
To-monatow.-Morning, lh. 16m.—Afternoon, lh. 40m

THE WEATHER.—SUN OFFICE, JULYI6, 17381.
THERMOMETER, IN THE SHADE.
68—highest since noon yesterday.
53—lowest this morning and during the night.
69—this day at noon.
BAuomETEE-29.51 ; rising.
WlND—Southerly; fresh, and squally, with cloudy
weather and passing showers.

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THE SUN.

LONDON, SATURDAY, JULY 6, 1881.

The subject of Lord SHAFTESBURY'S long and
able speech last night is one which will interest
great numbers, and ought to interest all of us.
India, though so discreditably treated as a bore by
our House of Commons, is a country for which the
House of Commons is daily becoming more and
more directly responsible. It is not a savage dis-
trict of Central Africa, where philanthropists are
the only Englishmen who have any interest in the
condition of the people—it is not even a " Savoy
and Nice," where our interest is little more than
that of a noble and inextinguishable English sen-
timent—lndia is a country which we govern, in the
name of the QUEEN, through two despots, a resi-
dent one at Calcutta, and another sitting in the
British House of Commons, as member for Halifax.
Two Autocrats, more or less directly dependent on
the English Parliament, have the welfare of India in
their hands. We say so advisedly, because it is
notorious that India, of all countries in the world,
is one which looks to its Government to lead, guide,
and control everything ; and, what is worse, to
originate everything. That this is so, is very much
our own doing. The natives may be, and are, little
competent for self-government, but we have never
allowed them to govern themselves. We found them
ready to exchange their Mahommedan masters for
us, and either through native princes, or directly,
we have governed them in oriental fashion. We
have issued our edicts, and they have submitted to
them as to the decrees of fate, Hence it is trifling
to think of achieving anything important in India
without our two Viceroys bestirring them.
selves to attain it. And Sir CHARLES WOOD
and Lord CANNING, or any other of our
lords who is sent there at the cost of
£25,000 a-year to that country, are not likely to
rouse themselves beyond routine, unless public
opinion be strong enough here to compel them to
action.

We are, therefore, much indebted to Lord
SHAFTESBURY for moving on the subject of Indian
canals, irrigation, roads and railways last night. It
was said, and truly, that he had not undertaken
the part of Indian Chancellor of the Exchequer,
that he had not indicated whence the funds were to
come, which should be applied, promptly, to under-
takings confessedly enormously profitable to the
Indian Exchequer. This is perhaps hardly fair. It
scarcely' falls within the province of a Peer ; and it
is perhaps enough for him in this stage, to have
studied the subject as he has done, and to present a
strong case, so strong as to make the " will," which
in this country at least, always finds the " way."
Mary of the documents quoted by Lord SHAFTES-
BURY are, of course, familiar enough to those who
have taken an interest in Indian progress, but he
has done the good service of combining the pith of
them all within the compass of one very readable
speech, and thus of presenting to the British public
the strong case which exists for immediate action,
in a form in which they can easily receive it. He
will not, we trust, let it drop. It is only by per-
severing in making the country acquainted with
what is done, in contrast with what might be done
so profitably, and at the same time with so much good
statesmanship and benevolence, that we shall over-
come the inertness of our Indian officials both there
and here.

p
We have ourselves before pressed on public atten-
tion the immense value of canals, irrigation and
cheap railways in India. re confess we were, after
hearing what had to be said against them, convinced
of the general soundness of Sir A. COTTON'S views.
White high ePeed ii ways were in course of construc-
tion, at a large coat, and slow rate, India might see
whole districts decimated
by famine, and but a
small extent of country
ould be connected with the
coast. But tanks andcanals
Would at once begin
to fertilise, to create produce,together
thto bear it away
to the coast ; and wouhl
with cheap
though slow railways—like those which
well in America—so enrich vast districts, that, a t
time 'permitted, high speed railways could easily
s
be substituted for those which were but railway
pioneers. Facts have strikingly confirmed Sir Al

COTTON'S views. The profit to the Indian revenue
itself, after enriching thousands of natives half
starved before, is almost fabulous; yet it is undis-
puted' and indisputable, the revenue actually paid
by the districts irrigated and furnished with
canals according to his plan, being more than
doubled; and that solely from the effect of the
irrigating and navigable canals. The system
actually adopted, that of railways of the expensive
English kind, costing not less than £lO,OOO or
£12,000 a mile, have paid, better even than could
have been expeeted ; but, while a hundred miles of
these was making, five times the number of miles
might have been opened on the low speed plan,
would have paid equally well, would by this time
have connected the cotton districts with the coast ;
and it is not too much to say that at this very
moment the four or five millions of Manchester
might have looked with perfect confidence to
India for the supply which is likely to fail
them from America. Nor must we forget that
the advantage would have been reciprocal,
that Manchester would have sent back along these
same railways her mauufactured goods in return.

It seemed to be assumed that to accept Lord
SHAFTESBURY'S proposal of an address to the
Queen would have been a kind of tacit censure on
the Government, for neglecting the extension of
such works as irrigation and internal navigation.
That was not his lordship's intention, and the pro-
posal was withdrawn, but we may hope his lord-
ship's address to the House of Lords will answer
almost as good a purpose. The one thing needful
is to get the public mind at home impressed with
the conviction that something must be done. The
arguments are principally two. Certain and enor-
mous profit; certain salvation of our subjects from
famine. One fact in illustration of each is as good as a
hundred, and a hundred might be given. In regard to
profit, the revenue from two districts, in all respects
relating to this subject as alike as possible—Cut-
tack and Tanjore, is in the former case £85,000 ; in
the latter £470,000. Land in Cuttack is worth 308.
an acre ; in Tanjore it is worth £5. Cuttack, with
by far the better supply, naturally, of water, has had
in twenty-three years three famines, four droughts,
seven inundations. The aggregate excess of revenue
from Tanjore over that of Cuttack has been
£6,970,000 ! And this Government revenue, be it
remembered, only represents an immensely larger
amount of profit to the natives.
With regard to the deliverance from famine, it
is hardly necessary to adduce further illustration
than the one just mentioned ; we may add, how-
ever, the Ganges Canal. It has been left imper-
fect ; the distributing channels have not been con-
nected with it—yet, in the present famine, we are
told that " its beneficial effects could not be over-
rated ;" that but for it "broad lands, now covered
with wheat and other cereals, would have had no
crop." And, in figures, Capt. TURN BULL calculates
that through it 339,243,8401b5. of grain have been
supplied in this disastrous season, equivalent to the
support of 644,718 men for a year ! The fodder
produced by it at the same time saved the cattle,
and the Government itself saved about £200,000 of

PEROR wheneTer he is bent upon carrying out one
of these flagitious annexations. Ex uno disce onznes.
So thinks Mr. KINGLAKE, when considering these
wonderful Napoleonic schemes of annexation. Nay
—he argued candidly last evening that "The Em-
peror of the FRENCH must forgive him if he said he
felt it his duty to construe all his actions and all his
words with constant reference, not to the mere fact
of the annexation of Savoy and Nice, but to the
peculiar process by which that annexation was
effected. Taking that formula—the annexation of
•
Savoy and Nice—as his guide, they were now in
the denial stage. It was solemnly denied that
there was any intention on the part of the French
Government of annexing any part of French
Switzerland. That being so, he ventured to say—
following his formula—what would be the next
stage. His guide told him that the next stage would
be a solemn assurance that there never should be
any annexation of any part of French Switzerland
to France without consulting the great Powers of
, Europe. The next stage would be an actual annex-
ation, accompanied by a mere statement of facts to
the great powers of Europe." If the argument of
the hon. member for Bridgewater is declared by any
apologist of the imperial Government to be little
better than a gratuitous perversion of facts, and a
' wilful exaggeration—Mr. KINGLAKE can already
appeal to History for the most complete
and exact justification of everyone of
his foregoing statements. It is written there—
it is already historically upon record—that, thus,
precisely thus, after this cunning fashion, His Im-
perial MAJESTY manages to carry out, like " THE
SLY LITTLE MAN" that he is, and that Bon Gaul-
. tier has sung him to be, his adroitly contrived
schemes of annexation.

Why, the true character of the Italian cam-
paign of NAPOLEON 111. is by this tine a matter
of European notoriety. If any additional light
had been required to bring it thoroughly out
to view before the face of all Christendom, that
additional light would have been afforded last even-
ing in the House of Commons by the speech there and
then delivered by the noble lord her Britannic
MAJESTY'S Foreign Secretary. Only—additional
light of any kind upon this matter we did not want.
The facts particularised yesterday by Lord JOHN
RUSSELL, we already recognised too plainly. We
knew them all beforehand—so that our Imperial
ally cannot possibly feel the smallest umbrage at
Lord JOHN'S having again let out of the bag a cat
that has already jumped out of it and been
poked in again soon afterwards so re-
peatedly. "It appears now," says Lord JOHN
RUSSELL, "to be clear, not from any diplomatic
documents, but from what has been reported and
not denied, that before the Italian war took place,
in the summer or autumn of 1858, an agreement
was made between the Emperor of the FRENCH
and the Prime Minister of the King of SARDINIA,
by which hopes were held out that France would
assist Sardinia in case she should be attacked by
Austria, and that if the result of the war should
be to give Lombardy and Venice to Sardinia ;
in that case Savoy and Nice were to be surren-
dered to France." Exactly : that was—as
plainly as it can possibly be put in a single sen-
tence—the compact entered into,the understanding,
or whatever you may please to call it, as Lord
JOHN himself calls it, very moderately the "agree-
ment." This was, in fact, a project on the Emperor
NAPOLEON'S part that, supposing him to have lived
upon the other side of the Atlantic Ocean, would
have given him high rank among those modern
buccaneers—the Filibusters. It was the sketch-
ing, in fact, of the outline of a genuine fili-
bustering expedition. Insomuch so, that
when the Liberator of Italy entered the plains of
Lombardy, at the head of his splendid army,
there to summon a great nationality to rise in
arms and co-operate with him in vindicating its
independence—he, who was then looked upon as a
sort of a political QUIXOTE, was merely, after all,
under a pretence of magnanimity, under a masque
of chivalry, doing the bloody work of war upon a
large scale—for "a consideration !" For a payment
as paltry and sordid as it was treacherous and sly !
And now—precisely the same course being
pursued by the French EMPEROR in his conduct
towards Switzerland, the same identical course being
pursued by him that was pursued by him formerly in
regard to those coveted possessions of Nice and
Savoy—there is some show of reason, at any rate,
in the anxiety expressed by Mr. KINGLAKE that
the British Government should not be again
deluded into a shameful toleration of any such
monstrously unjustifiable scheme of Annexation.
What were Lord JOHN'S closing remarks last even-
ing in reference to this delicate and mo-
mentous subject then under discussion ? They were
these:—" I trust," he said,— [Speaking, the
reporter intimates, "very indistinctly," so as to
be heard with difficulty in the gallery. The noble
lord, by the way, almost al ways does speak " very
indistinctly" when he is delivering a speeoh of more
than usual importance. Can it be designedly ?]--:

" I trust," said Lord JOHN RUSSELL yesterday,
" that whatever may have been the case last
year, when the lamentable occurrences took
place to which I have referred, I do trust that
in this spirit of concert and harmony between the
two great nations of Europe the peace of the
world may be preserved." Ainsi soit-il. But—
not if the fair fame of England is to be dragged
in the dust in the train of the French EMPEROR,
while His MAJESTY, after this fashion, like any
cut•purse swash buckler of old Alsatia swags booty
after booty by means of annexation upon annexa-
tion.

The Countess of Leicester and the Ladies Coke
have left town for the Portland Hotel, at Southsea, en route
for Shanklin, in the Isle of Wight.
The Countess of Fife has left Claridge's Hotel
for Scotland.
His Excellency the Prussian Minister and the
Countess Bernstorff have left Prussia House for Carlsbad.
His Excellency Count de Lavradio has just re-
turned to this Court from his mission to Hanover.
We are requested to state that his Grace thn Lord
Archbishop of Canterbury will hold the Convocation of the
prelates and clergy of the province of Canterbury at two
`o'clock on Tuesday, the 9th inst., solely for the purpose of
the report of the Lower House being formally communi-
cated to the Upper House.
pre presented
t e
Cobden d t o
MR. COBDEN.—The Lord Mayor, following the
usage on occasions when the freedom of the city of London
is
present men t
oin a recognitionbanciue banquet
at tohfep.Aulbalni ca services,ion-h onae
whichain-
viteds
take
will
place
month.on the eivheneinein
the goopfalnVy Wednesday, the
several
members of both Houses of Parliament' about 30 of Mr.
Cobden's political and personal friends, Mr. Bright being
among the number invited ; the masters and wardens of the
12 great civic companies, the members of the Court of Al-
dermen, and many of the Court of Common Council.
THE FIRE IN TOOLEY-STREET.—Yesterdav morn-
ing Mr. O'Conner, partner of the late Mr. Scott, commis
sioned some half-dozen men, under his direction to renew
the search for the remains of his deceased partner ; and at
three o'clock in the afternoon their efforts were rewarded by
finding a gold repeater watch, a gold chain, several half
sovereigns, a shilling, a sixpence, and a threepenny piece,
all of which had been very much burnt ; and after a little
further search some small bones were picked up, which
have been examined by Dr. Vining, the district medical
officer, who pronounces them to be those of a human being.
The above articles were found rather to the left of where
Mr. Braidwood was lying. The chain has been identified
by Mr. O'Conner as that of his late partner, Mr. Scott.
Two men, who have been co?lecting grease in the common
sewer, were so overpowered by the poxious air as to be
obliged to be taken last night to Guy's _
tiespital. One of
the men had fortunately recovered, but the other
in an insensible condition. At 12 o'clock last night the til;
was far from being extinguished, but it is only occasionally
that it shows itself beyond the lofty walls.

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L &rt EST NE

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TURIN, JULY 6.
The Gazetta di Torino of to-day says :
" We have reason to believe that the state of the
Pope's health is very serious."
Kossuth has arrived at Turin.

The Italia of to-day denies the authenticity of
the proclamation, stated by some Italian papers to
have been addressed by General Pinelli to the in-
habitants of Terra di Lavoro.

The fire in the manufactory of Messrs. Lefevere,
at Naples, was purely the result of accidint.

PESTH, JULY 6.

The Address, as originally proposed by Mr.
Peak, was yesterday adopted by the Lower House
of the Hungarian Diet.

It is said that it will be presented to the Em-
peror in the same manner as the Address of 1790.

PESTH, JULY 5.

It is believed that the conferences on the Address
which have recently taken place between the prin-
cipal members of the Hungarian Diet will result
this evening in the unanimous adoption by the
Lower House of the Address to the Emperor as
originally proposed by M. Deak.

PARIS, JULY 5.

The Monzteur of to-day announces that the sub-
scriptions to the 300,000 bonds, repayable in 30
years, will be opened at the Bank of France on the
11th, and is to be closed on the 16th inst.

The bonds will be issued at 440 f. each, bearing an
annual interest of 20f., and redeemable at 500 f.
The amount realised is to be applied to the
construction of railways.
The Moniteur also says :—" The Emperor has
arrived at Vichy, and has been warmly received."
General Beaufort d'Hautpoul has arrived here
from Syria.
The Patrie of this evening gives a denial to the
report current on the Paris Bourse that disturbances
had broken out in Jerusalem.

The Pays of this evening says :—" A Russian
squadron, consisting of four frigates, one corvette,
and a schooner, has arrived off Beyrout."
The official Staatsanzeiger of this evening pub-
lishes a Royal Manifesto, countersigned by all the
Ministers, according to whiPh the coronation of the
King and Queen of Prussia will take place at
Konigsberg in Octobert next.
The ceremony will be performed in presence of
the members of both houses of the Diet, and of
those personages who will be summoned from all
the provinces of the kingdom as witnesses.

MADRID, JULY 5, EVENING}.
The insurgents have fled from Loja, and have
dispersed in the neighbouring mountains.
They are pursued by the Royal troops.

CALCUTTA, MAY 28 to JUNE 12.

A rupture took place between the Nawab of
Bhawulpore and his Minister, Ahmed Khan, on
May 25. The Minister garrisoned his house with
250 men and two guns.

The Nawab's troops attacked the house and over-
powered the Minister, who, with two brothers, was
killed fighting sword in hand.

Measures will be taken to look after the ex-
Nawab of Bhawulpore, and to secure the frontier
and prevent interference.

No excitement now exists in the Santhal dis•
tricts.

Mr. Laing sailed for England in the Colombo on
the 9th inst.

The Nizam of Hyderabad expressed to the Resi-
dent his determination to dismiss his Minister,
Salar Jung. He has since been reconciled to the
Minister.

The circulation, under the frank of the Bengal
Secretariat, of the printed translation of a Bengal
play called " Nil Buyent," created new excitement
among the indigo planters. The printer was pro-
secuted for libel by the Englishman newspaper. He
pleaded guilty, and has been fined 10 rupees.
Funds.—Fives, at 4r. 4a. to sr. 6a. discount.
Five and-a-Halfs at lr. 2a. to lr. 4a. premium.

LIVERPOOL, JULY 6.

The Royal Mail steamship Asia, which sailed
to-day for New York, took £109,650 in specie on
freight.