The Sun.
London, England, 1861-03-06 00:00:00

THE SUN, LONDON, WEDNESDAY' 'EVENING, MARCH 6, 1861,

14 YAL ENGLISH OPERA,
COVENT-GARDEN.
Under the Management of Miss Louisa Pyne and Mr. W.
Garrison. Sole Lessees.
Trirs EVENING, LE DtiMINO NOIR, Miss Louisa
vne, Miss. Thirlwall, Miss Leffler ; Messrs, Henry Haigh,
A. ht. AP T% and llorricastlo.
To conclude with a new Divertissement.
Conductor—Mr. Alfred Mellon. Commence at 8.

THEATRE -ROYAL, HAYMARKET.
Lessee, Mr. J. B. Backstone.
THIS EVENING, the bert °rim anoes will commence with
THE SUN AND THE WIND. The Leelercqs, &c.
After which, a new and original comedy, A DUKE IN
DIFFICULTIES. Mrs. Stirling, Miss Fanny Stirling, Mr.
Buckstone, &c.
To conclude with THE HAPPIEST DAY OF MY LIFE.
Mr. Compton, Mrs. Wilkins, &c.

Commence at 7.1

O YAL PRINCESS'S THEATRE.-
Lessee and Manager, Mr. A. Harris.

THIS EVENING, the Farce of SUSAN SMITH.
To be followed by DON CZESAR DE BAZAN. Don
Caesar, Mr. Pechter. Supported by Messrs. Basil Potter,
F. Matthews, J. G. Shore, Miss M. Harris, Bliss C. Leclercq
and Mrs. Weston.

To conclude with a comic ballet, THE JOLLY MILLER.
M. Espinosa, Mr. Garden, Src.

THEATRE - ROYAL LYCEUM.
Soie Lessee and Directress, Madame CELESTE.
THIS EVENING the Butletta of TII AT RASCAL,
JACK.

Followed by the new drama, THE HOUSE ON THE
BRIDGE OF NOTRE DAME. Principal characters by
Mr. G. Vining, &Ir. J. Johnstone, Mr. Villiers, Mr. Clifford,
Mr. John Rouse, Mr. Forrester, Mr. Morris ; Miss M.Ternan,
Miss K. Saville, Miss L. Thompson, and Madame Celeste.
After which, the Lyceum Christmas Comis Extravaganza,
CRYSTABELLE ; or, The Rose without a Thorn, showing
THE VISION OF A ROSE, ITS FADING AT EVE
AND THE MAY-BLOOM OF THE WILD BRIAR.

ADs NEW THEATRE-ROYAL.
ELPHI,
cie Proprietor and Manager, Mr. Benj. Webster.
TH/fd EVENING, AN UGLY CUSTOMER. Messrs. J.
L. Toole, C. Selby, and Warde ; Miss K. Kelly, and Miss E.
,Thorne.
Atter which, THE COLLEEN BAWN. D. Boucicault, D.
Fisher, Billington, Falconer, Stephenson, C. J. Smith, Romer.
Miss Agnes Robertson, Miss Woolgar, Mrs. Billington, and
Cara. Chatterley.
To conclude with a new Burlesque Extravaganza, entitled
BLUE BEARD FROM A NEW POINT OF HUE.
Messrs. J. L. Toole, P. Bedford, C. J. Smith ; Miss Woolgar,
K. Kelly, Laidlaw, and M. Thome.
Doors open at half past 6—Commence at 7.
Box-office open from 10 till 5.
No charge for booking.
Private boxes, £2 2s. ; Family Boxes, Ll.
Orchestra Stalls, 68. ; Balcony, 4s. ; Front Circle Stalls, 38.;
Fit Stalls, 25.; Pit, Is. 6d. ; Amphitheatre, is ; Gallery, 6d.
Acting Manager—Mr. Wm. Smith.

CANTERBURY-HALL CONCERT S !!!
Westminster-road.

Proprietor ........ C. Morton.
A Grand Selection from Verdi's new Opera,
IL CORSARO,

(This opera has never been produced in this or any other
country, except at these Concerts). having met with that de-
cided success which charactise • the most popular works of
this great Master, will be performed EVERY EVENING ;
together with a Selection from LA FIGLIA DEL REGGI-
MENTO, by Donizetti,
Principal Artistes—Miss Russell, Madame Maria, Miss
Tyrrell, Mr. H. Herbert, Signor Tivoli, H. Drummond, and
C. W. Bernard. Director, Mr. F. Jonghmins.
The Comic Department comprises Messrs. E. Marshall, A.
B. Hollingsworth, J. Blanchard, F. Bell, W. H. Welland, and
the Brothers Conrad.
John Martin's Three celebrated Pictures will remain on
view a short time longer in the Fine Arts Gallery of the
Establishment.

HIGH WATER AT LONDON BRIDGE.
Tale DAY.—Morning, 9h. 29m.—Afternoon, 10h. 20m.
To-yoßitow.-Morning, 11h. 10m.—Afternoon, 11h. 48m.

THE WEATHER.—SUN Orncm, Manzi' 6, 1861.
THERMOMETER, IN THE SHADE.
49—highest since noon yesterday.
46 —lowest this morning and during the night.
43—this day at!:noon.
BAROMETER-29.87; falling again.
WlND—South-Westerly—fresh, with fine but uncertain
weather. It is still rather stormy.

_>>„~

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THE SUN.

tA
•

LONDON, WEDNESDAY, MARCH 6, 1881

Another defeat of the Strong Government !
It will be remembered that very shortly after
the commencement of the session Ministers were
placed in a minority of " four" upon a motion of
Mr. HUBBARD'S in reference to the Income Tax, a
motion introduced and carried notwithstanding the
collective antagonism of the Cabinet, and in very
despite even of the formidable eloquence opposed
to it by her MAJESTY'S Chancellor of the Ex-
chequer.

It remains now to be related (as the second dis-
comfiture endured in 1861 by the Coalition) that
last evening Ministers were placed in a minority
of " five" upon Sir JAMES ELPIIINSTONE'S motion
for a select committee to consider the present
system of promotion and retirement in the royal
navy ; to consider the present pay and posi-
tion of the several classes of naval offi-
cers ; and to report what changes therein were
desirable, with a view to the increased efficiency of
the naval service. In fact this motion intro-
duced last evening in the House of Commons by
the hon. and gallant member for Portsmouth has
in view the bursting up of the whole rotten system
so long the scandal of the nation, the system hence-
forth, let us hope doomed (by reason of the vote of
last evening), the notorious, extravagant, inefficient,
and, for th 4 most part, irresponsible system of ad-
ministration hitherto in vogue at the Admiralty.
The motion, it will be perceived, was in no way
vague or merely generalised. It was specific
enough in its mode of indicating some of the more
grievous abuses complained of in the most popular,
and even, it may be said, national of the two
great warlike services or professions. It
pointed directly to the necessity for a
clean sweep being made as soon as pos-
sible through the existing system of promotion I
and of retirement, and together with this the I

necessity also of revising at length at as early a
date as may be, the present scale of ray, and the
present gradation of rank and position discernible
among the several classes of naval officers serving
under the floating banners of Britannia. This
trenchant and two-edged motion, this motion
capable of cutting both ways, and of thus ripping
up the whole system of abuses so long maintained
almost intact at the Admiralty, was introduced,
recollect, by no unprofessional member, but on the
contrary, by one no less qualified to form a decided
opinion upon the matter, than the hon. and gal-
lant representative of Portsmouth, Sir JAMES
ELPMINSTONE. It was seconded by Mr. BAILLIE
COCHRANE, and was supported among others by
Sir H. STRACEY, by Admirsal IVALcoTT, by
Sir MICHAEL SEYMOUR, by Lord JOHN MANNERS,
and by Sir JOHN PAKINGTON. It was opposed on
the other hand with considerable and very out-
spoken energy by Sir FRANCIS BARING, by Lord
CLARENCE PAGET, and even, be it observed also,
immediately prior to the division, by the noble
viscount at the head of the Administration. Includ-
ing the four tellers and the Speaker, there were in
the house at the time of the division which took
place at the close of this smart little discussion,
altogether 204 of the representatives. Yet
out of that number only 97 could be found
in all to unite under the beck of the Mi-
nisterial Tellers in support of the motion
a motion, recollect, like that of Mr. HUBBARD'S,
simply for a committee of inquiry; that motion of
last night being carried, as we have seen, by a clear
majority of " five," 102 having backed the pro
position of Sir JAMES ELPIIINSTON E. Ministers will run their heads against stone
walls, they must look only for the clearly
inevitable consequences. if they will op-
pose the notion of a Committee of Inquiry
into the mode of assessment merely of Schedule
D, in,the matter of the Income Tax, they must not
be surprised to find themselves in a minority of
6, four in a by ano means thin house. Again, if

they will oppcse, in like manner, the notion of a

Cor mittee of Inquiry in regard to the state of things

at Mat notorious place, the Admiralty, they must
not feel .so annoyed when they discover themselves,

as they, happily for the country, had occasion to dol
last evening, in a minority of " five," in a house of
no less than 204 members. "Pride have a
fall" sometimes, and that, moreover, occasionally
in very miry places. And this is precisely
what has already happened twice at this early
date of the Session—once in the matter of the
Income Tax, once in the matter of the Admiralty—
it is precisely what has happened thus upon two
successive occasions even to the great Liberal
Party, even to the Strong Government.

Incidentally in the course of the discussion last
evening there was an unfortunate little squabble
of a personal kind between Admiral WALCOTT
and Sir JOHN PAKINGTON : one in which the
gallant Admiral appears most unquestionably and
unluckily for himself to have been so far
carried away by his feelings as to have lost
his temper for the moment, being even called
to order for a curt and somewhat discour•
teous interruption. Apart from this little
parenthetic incident, the animated debate leading
to the division was conducted in all good humour
by those who participated in the discussion—though
the subject itself was one fraught, we cannot but
feel, with sufficiently irritating influences.

It has been significant of the whole rotten,
bungling, jumbling system of things at the Admi-
ralty—it has been especially significant of the love
the officials have there to hush up everything in
the way of inquiry—it has been surely very signi-
ficant of all this—that little ridiculous incident
relating to Admiral Sir BALDWIN WALKER! That
gallant officer was, first of all, sent away in a great
hurry, and, in the very nick of time, manifestly to
get rid of him opportunely. And then, when his
recall, for the purpose of obtaining his evidence, is
forced upon the Government, after his departure,
the Admiralty sends out in chase of him the old
Avon, one of the slowest ships in her Majesty's
service ! The whole proceeding is exceed-
ingly suspicious at the same time that it is
also excessively absurd. No wonder that the
House laughed when Lord C. PAGET got up gravely
to inform it that the Avon had bean actually
sent out yesterday morning to endeavour to
intercept Sir BALDWIN WALKER in the Narcissus !
Whereupon Sir J. PAKINGTON rose for the purpose
of saying—" After the statement made by the
noble lord, I wish to ask whether it is true that
no telegram was sent from the Admiralty until
half-past eleven o'clock to-day; and, secondly,
whether the Avon is not reckoned one of the
slowest ships in her Majesty's service ?" The
Admiralty Secretary being compelled to acknow•
ledge Yes that this was perfectly true, but
that it was yet quite possible the Avon might
succeed, after all, in catching up the Narcissus. It
is a way they have with them—of doing things
at the Admiralty !

As to " the way the money goes" under their
amazing system of mismanagement yonder at
the Admiralty—well, some timely notion may be
formed of that, too, upon a glance down another
column of our impression of this yesterday. That
somewhat important column of The Sun of to-
night, in which a keen-witted correspondent of
ours, signing himself "Prudent Economy," analyses
by anticipation the on-coming Naval Estimates.
It will be seen from that analysis how it virtually
takes 316 clerks to mismanage matters, as they
are mismanaged down at the Admiralty-316 clerks
at an average salary of £277 each, making in all
the pretty total of £87,822 ! It will be seen, again,
that these 316 clerks require to be waited upon by
no less than 81 messengers—one Mercury for four
clerks, or thereabouts, at an annual outlay of some
£7,000 sterling additional. These, and a crowd of
other kindred items are opportunely brought to
light just now and grouped together by our
merciless correspondent. It is like a glimpse into
the Circumlocution Office, as described by Mr.
DICKENS. It is like an initiation into the great
Admiralty Mystery of How NOT TO Do IT.

The disturbance at Warsaw, now that fuller
information has arrived respecting it, appears to
have all the significance, to say the least, which we
attributed to it. No doubt can now remain that it
will take but little indeed to call into vigorous life
the sentiment of Polish nationality throughout all
the country once belonging to that long suppressed
people. There is something almost awful in the
vitality of the feeling of nationality. Italy, Hun-
gary, and now 'Warsaw, are proofs that no oppres-
sion can suffice to extinguish it. Small, indeed,
must be the district, and conciliatory the mea-
sures of amalgamation with the conquering coun-
try, if any European people is to become by degrees
merged into a larger one. Nations, like the three
just mentioned, evidently cannot be extinguished
by the mere will of the rulers who have sub-
jugated them to their despotic sway. Poland
looks now, almost like one risen from the dead to
warn the despots of Europe that they may crush a
people but cannot kill it. Give it time, and it is
found that the very children of the vanquished
grow up, not with the spirit of slavery, but with
the spirit of resentment and of freedom, and are
ready at any moment to resume,—all the wiser for
past lessons—the position of their fathers.
The signs of national feeling were of the two
kinds which show that it is a permanent, unaltered
sentiment. The sight of 30,000 people of all ages
and classes falling on their knees as soon as they
saw the White Eagle of Poland displayed, the
tears they shed, the national hymn which
ascended to Heaven, and all spontaneous—without
even the slightest prearrangement or concert, all
show that there was in the hearts of those thou-
sands a settled and cherished love for their nation
which needed but the slightest safe occasion for
displaying itself. And then, on the other hand,
there was the deliberate, the calmly-considered
address of the more educated classes to the Eu-
PEROR, inspired by the same sentiment as that
which brought the multitude to their knees before
the flag of their country. They say to the EMPEROR
Every inhabitant of this unfortunate country
entertains in his heart a deep•rooted sentiment of
nationality quite distinct from that of the other
people of Europe. This sentiment resists the effects
of time and of events ; misfortune, instead of weak-
ening it, has strengthened it. Whatever w ounds
it or insults it upsets the public mind." Advert-
ing therefore to the calamitous events that
had just occurred, they inform the EMPEROR that
they were no mere street disturbances, no bursting
forth of the turbulent and disorderly, glad to lay
hold of any occasion to create a tumult. " These
events—they tell the EMPEROR—the heartrend-
ing details of which we abstain from describing,
were by no means called forth by the sub-
versive passions of any particular class of the
population ; on the contrary, they are the unani-
mous and eloquent manifestation of sentiments
discarded and of wants ignored. More than
half a century of suffering imposed upon the
whole nation, upon a nation which for centuries
was gcverned by liberal institutions ; this nation
deprived even of a legal voice to bring before the
throne of the Sovereign the complaints and ex-
premien of the general wants ; all this state of
things has forcibly reduced this people only to make
its voice heard by the cry of its victims, and thus it
never ceases to offer up a holocaust."
Blood was shed no doubt hastily and wantonly

by the.troops. The people assembled to celebrate
a funeral service for their heroes who fell in the
fierce battle of Grochow, under the walls of War-
saw, for Polish liberty7-they were pushed back by
the troops—they resented it and threw stones, which
our troops here generally bear with exemplary
patience from a provoked populace. Not so the
Russians. They fired, and, in doing so, shot six
highly respectable gentlemen, members of the
Agricultural Association, who were just leaving
their meeting. Next day blood was shed again,
four citizens being killed in a similar manner, and
for a similar reason. Under these circumstances
the people have been wonderfully quiet. The
soldiers were confined to their barracks
the people were permitted to inter the
corpses solemnly, after having borne them in pro-
cession through the streets, and especially displayed
them at the French Consulate. The French Consul
General is said to have addressed the people; in
what strain we are not told.

This last circumstance is significant. The Na-
tionalities, are looking from all quarters to France,
and Prince NAPOLEON tells them pretty plainly,
that they will not look in vain. There is this dif-
ference just now between England and France in
respect to the nations demanding their resuscitation,
or their liberties; the two nations feel alike; not
so their Governments. The English people are cer-
tainly not surpassed by the French in their goodwill
towards both Hungarian and Polish independence;
but the English Government will, if it can, aid in
keeping Hungary subjugated to Austria, and
Poland in the hands of Russia. The latter our
rulers would not, perhaps, care about so much, but
beloved Austria and Prussia have each their
smaller slice of Poland, and a grievous thing indeed
it would be, if the Prussian and Austrian Poles,
should prefer, like the Italians, to leave the nations
which have so long ruled them as conquerors, and
to become their own masters. The French Go-
vernment is at one with the English people
and with the French people, too, in thinking
that this would be a happy consummation.
The Bonapartists all now avow that the
Great NAPOLEON made a great mistake in not
setting up, when he had the opportunity, an inde-
pendent kingdom of Poland ; and the Third
NAPOLEON is naturally not unwilling to retrieve
the errors of the First.

Russia, we may hope, is in a somewhat disabled
condition. It is said, we hope falsely, that the
EMPEROR has, by telegraph, blamed the mildness
of GoRTsCHAKOPP in his mode of treating the dis-
turbance. We know, however, that if the Poles
be unorganised, Russia has not money or soldiers
to spare just now. She has been obliged
to relax the conscription since the Crimean
war ; on the verge of emancipating her serfs, she
can hardly accompany that measure with
with the unpopular one of a conscription ; and
being, therefore, short of money and of soldiers too,
she may find some little difficulty in adopting a
coercive policy towards the Poles. Such a policy
is also supposed to be alien to the natural temper
of the Czar. But Czars, especially of the blood of
ROMANOFF, are very much like the huge feline ani-
mals—they may seem tamed and good-tempered, but
all at once, and unexpectedly, the tiger proves him-
self a tiger in nature as well as in form, and some
unhappy victim pays the forfeit of his confidence.
We can never trust a Czar. The instinct for the
blood of liberty is too strong not to break out with
but little temptation. We can only hope that
circumstances will induce the present CZAR to re-
store peaceably, the rights which his ruthless and
savage father took away from Poland.

The incidents which have marked the close of the

memorable trial of the YELVERTON Marriage Case
are, in their way, as romantic and extraordinary and
as entirely unparalleled as the love story in which
that trial originated. The enthusiasm manifested
by all Dublin at the tidings of the now well-known
Verdict on Monday, produced a spectacle, in its way
and of its kind, wholly and absolutely unexampled.
The unharnessing of the horses in the Hon Mrs.
YELVERTON'S carriage; the dragging her in triumph
in that carriage from the Four Courts to the hotel
at which she is temporarily residing; the roars of
applause, that greeted her as she passed, from
every house, from garret to basement ; the pro-
cession of the citizens, walking arm in arm,
in a spontaneously improvised demonstration;
every particular in regard to this latest scene
in the drama is in perfect keeping with the whole
romantic history of the double marriage. About
the lady herself there are surely clustered many
of the attributes of POPE'S BELlNDA—insomuch
that, reading the accounts now coming to .us of
the frantic enthusiasm manifested in her regard
by the men of Dublin, one is almost disposed to
echo Sergeant ARMSTRONG'S exclamations of Syren
and Enchantress ! The fascination she appears to
have excited indiscriminately upon all around her,
seems to be the very reflex of BELINDA'S, in the
epic of the drawing-room—

"If to her share some female errors fall,
Look in her face and you'll forget them all I"

And then, too, remembering that requirement
of hers, that whosoever aspired to obtain her as his
wife must first of all, as the essential preliminary
to the marriage ceremony, conform in some manner
at least to her creed—it is with her again, as with
POPE'S BELINDA

" On her white breast a sparkling cross she wore,
Which Jews might kiss and infidels adore."

And to crown all, and to complete all in
the romantic picture presented to view, first of all
by her Irish marriage, and secondly by its sequel,
the verdict of the Dublin jury on Monday evening
and the enthusiasm awakened by the news of that
verdict among the Dublin population—it is like
the realisation of the last stanza of one of the
most far-famed of MooßE's " Irish Melodies"—

"Rich and rare were the gems she wore !" For
here, at the close, of the narrative of this remark-
able trial, at the termination of this scene of Irish
enthusiasm, it might literally be written—

" On she went, and her mournful smile
In safety lighted her through the Green Isle ;
And blest for ever is she who relied
On Erin's honour and Erin's pride!"

The Right Hon. the Speaker will hold his first
levee (full dress) this evening, at half-past ten o'clock, at
his official residence.

The bar silver brought by the Mexican steamer
has been disposed of at 61d. per ounce, being the same rate
as that obtained for the last arrival. Business to some ex •

tent has, however, been effeeted in the interim at 611 d.
Nothing has as yet been done with the dollars.
The arrival at Malta on the 2d inst. is announced
of the Bombay mail of the 12th of February. Freights had
advanced los., and the exchange was 2s. lid., showing a
movement of one or two per cent, in favour of this country.
The letters may be expected in London to-morrow.
MAILS FOR SWEDEN.—The mail steam packets
under contract with the Swedish Government having re-
commenced their voyages between Hull and Gothenburg,
mails for conveyance by these packets will be made up in
London on the evening of Friday the Bth inst., and on the
evening of every subsequent Friday until further notice.
All letters and newspapers addressed to Gothenburg and
Uddewalla will be forwarded by these packets, unless
directed to be otherwise sent; but letters and newspapers
for other parts of Sweden, intended to be transmitted by
these packets, must be specially addressed "By Swedish
Packet."

THE ATTEMPTED BURGLARY AT LORD ELcno's.

—At the Middlesex Sessions yesterday, Roberts and
Thomas, the two men charged with attempting burgla-
rously to enter the house of Lord Elcho, were sentenced,
Roberts to two years' and Thomas to three years' impri-
sonment.

LATEST N.EWS:

RETITEB'y Ti-LEGRAMS.
PARIS, WEDNESDAY (NOON
3 per Cent. Rentes, 67f. 90c. Heavy.

.-.. ...........

PARIS, WEDNESDAY,

The Illoniteur of this morning announces that
the interest on Treasury bills has been raised to 31.,
4, and 41 per cemt., according to the length of time
they have to mi.

ROME (via Marseilles), MARCH 2

Francis 11. and his Queen are making prepara-
tions for-departure to Bavaria. They are selling
their carriages, arid have dismissed their household.
General Bosco' is about to proceed to Spain.
Placards have again been posted up bearing the
words, " Long live Victor Emmanuel."
A fresh demoml3tration by the students of the
University has taken place.
The works 011 the Roman railways are being
continued. The funds for the next half-year's pay-
ments have been *deposited at the bank.

NAPLES (via Marseilles), MARCH 2.
The Mint and. some other former royal establish.
ments have been. suppressed.

Placards, secretly printed, demanding the auto-
nomy have been suppressed.
Tranquillity ha,snot, however, been disturbed.

ROME, MARCH 3,

Popular political manifestations are continually
taking place.
Twenty students have been expelled from the

university.

Francis 11. has dismissed his suite, composed of
100 persons, and also Prince Besignano, his Grand
Chamberlain.
Cardinal Antonucci is on the point of death.

LPOSEN, MARCH 6,

All Polish noblemen holding offices throughout
the kingdom of Poland have tendered their resig
nation. Their example has been followed by al
the Poles in the Russian service.

BERLIN, MARCH 5.

The New Prussian Gazette (Kreuzzeitung) says :
" According to private advices from Warsaw
Prince Gortschakoff is said to have telegraphed
the address of the inhabitants to St. Petersburg,
and received an unfavourable reply from the Em-
peror, .who blamed the clemency of the Prince,
and, it is asserted, commanded him to proclaim a
state of siege."

PARIS, MARCH 5,
MM. Jules Favm, Darimon, Picard, Emile, 0

vier, and Dr. Henon, members )f the Opposition,
proposed to-day the following tmendment to the
address :—" The hour has come for applying to
Rome the wise principle of the system of non-
intervention, by the immediate mithdrawal of the
French troops, to leave Italy mistress of her own
destinies."

MARCH 5 (Evening;

In to-day's sitting of the Senate paragraphs 5,
6, and 7of the Address were agreed b. An amend-
ment of Senator Pietri, referring to the annexation
of Savoy and Nice, was also adopted.
On the paragraph relating to Syria being read,
M. Billault stated that negotiations on the question
of the prolongation of the occupation having com-
menced, it was impossible to enter into any expla-
nations. The Conference would shortly reassemble,
and there was reason to hope that the mission of
pacification would be continued by France.

The discussion of the amendments relative to
Rome was adjourned until to-morrow,

THE BRAZIL MAILS.
LISBON, MARCH 6.
The royal mail steam-ship Magdalena, Captain
Woolward, has arrived here with the above mail.

At Rio Janeiro, on the Bth ult., exchange on
London was quoted 26 to 261. Coffee, good first,
5,500 to 5,600 reis ; shipments since the departure
of the last mail, 127,700 bags, including 56,000 for
the Channel ; stock, 40,000 bags. Freight, 65s to
765.

At Bahia, exchange on London was quoted 2,61
Cdtton, 8,000 to 8,200 reis.

The Pernambuco exchange on London was 26,
:o 261. Sugar, whites, 4,200 reis.

SOUTHAMPTON, MARCH 5.

The Haytian war steam corvette Twenty-second
December, Capt. Depury, from Newcastle, bound
for St. Domingo, has put in here for coals.

THE EMANCIPATION OF THE RUSSIAN
SERFS.

A letter from St. Petersburg, dated February
25, says :
" The Council of the Empire held its last sitting
to-day on the question of the emancipation of the
serfs. The Emperor spoke at considerable length.
Other speeches were made, among others a remark-
able one by Prince Paul Gagarine. A decision was
adopted by a considerable majority, to the following
intent :
" Personal liberty is accorded to the serf; all
relations between proprietors and peasants cease
at once.

The latter are to receive as their own

property the house they live in and the kitchen
garden (potager) belonging to it. As regards the
allotment (nadiel) of the labour land the Council
of the Empire has accepted the fixation of one-
fourth of the allotment first fixed by the committee
on the report according to the different districts, or
from one to two dissiatines per head.'
"A little explanation is necessary. The com-
mittee on the report had proposed to allow to the
peasants a certain quantity of labour land amount-
ing, according to the districts, to from
three to eight dissiatines, at a fixed price de-
termined by the commission in the project.
The committee admitted in principle that the
peasants that were to be liberated and endowed are
all cultivators. But, in reality, the number of
cultivators is far from forming the totality of actual
serfs. A great number of them are occupied in
different trades, and it would be hard upon them to
compel them to purchase a considerable quantity of
labour land belonging to the landed proprietor. It
is, moreover, very difficult to ascertain at once the
exact number of cultivators in Russia, the greatest
portion of the landed property being administered
by means of the Obrok, that is to say, a fixed tax
paid by the peasants. It is only when the system
of the Corvee (barstellina) prevails that the peasant
is compelled to be cultivator, because he is obliged
himself to cultivate the land of his proprietor. How
the 1 ibour of the Russian peasant will henceforth
be divided has still to be seen, but it would be ♦ery
useless, even dangerous in a point of view of the
expansion of the productive resources of Russia, to
settle everything beforehand, These are about the
reasons which actuated the Council to decide that
the allotment at a fixed price shall only extend to
one quarter of the obligatory purchase-land deter-
mined by the Committee in the report, and that if
the peasants are desirous of cultivating larger tracts
of land on their own account they must come to a
private agreement on the subject with their former
proprietors.

" Thus has been resolved, if not in a perfect man-
ner—and there is nothing perfect in this world—
at least in a possible and practicable manner, the
.great question of emancipation, which for years
held the whole country in suspense. The modifica-
tions made in the original project are of a nature
to conciliate the susceptibilites as well as the in-

terests of the two classes concerned, which it was
most important to separate without making them

adversaries.

" The Imperial manifesto is already in the prin..
ter's hands, and some 100,000 copies will be issued
throughout the different printing offices, under the
especial superintendence of the Minister of Justice.
The proclamation of the emancipation will, how-
ever, not be made on the 3d of March, as announced.
It would not be prudent to proclaim the 'indivi-
dual liberty' without at the same time explaining
the conditions upon which it is granted. At all
events, the delay will only be for a few weeks or
days, during which time the Carnival will be over,
at which period the Russian peasant is not remark-
able for exemplary sobriety. It will be, therefore,
at the commencement of Lent that the Imperial
manifesto will be issued. It is, in fact, the most
propitious moment for the publication of a decree of
this importance."

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