The Sun.
London, England, 1861-06-20 00:00:00

PARTIES IN ITALY.

(From the Correspondent of the Times.)
TURIN, JUNE 17.
If the Emperor Napoleon is truly bent on be-
friending the Italians, as the tone of the French
Government press and the official announcements
seem at last to intimate, in good earnest, he will
find, we may believe, that his benevolence has been
worthily bestowed. The death of Count Cavour is
an event of which it is impossible to take in all the
bearings, except day by day, by expanding degrees.
I know only of two great catastrophes which have
moved and sobered this people to the same salutary
extent—the defeat of Novara and the peace of Vil-

lafranca. At the first-named juncture the feeling
awakened in all right-thinking minds was some-
thing very akin to despair, shame, and remorse.
The Italians had received a great lesson, and they

sat down in sackcloth and ashes to lay it to heart ;

they knew there was no chance of reprieve for them,
and they had to wait and endure for ten years.
The check of Villafranca was equally sudden and
severe ; but it found them up and doing; they had
nothing to reproach themselves with, and they de-
termined to turn adversity to account, and to com-
mand the respect of those who seemed unexpectedly
to be bent on their sacrifice. Count Cavour's
death seemed even a more cruel blow ; it struck
them as shipwreck in sight of harbour ; but
by this time they are schooled to disasters ; the
stroke was stunning fer one moment, but recovery
and reaction were sure instantly to follow.
Parties began to muster and to count one another.
Cavour living could reckon on about seven partisans
out of ten patriots, and he could afford to laugh to
scorn the remaining three. Round Cavour's coffin
nine hundred and ninety-nine out of a thousand
lovers of Italy worshipped, and hardly one unna-
tural fanatic was found to utter outrage against the
great man's memory. Of all that ever revered and
loved Count Cavour, there were but few who did
not make it a matter of duty and a point of honour
to array themselves in the ranks of the supporters
of Cavour's successor, even long before the succes-
sor's name was whispered. The King showed great
tact and wisdom and great deference to the public
suffrage in the choice of his new advisers. You
know, at the time of the famous Garibaldi inter-
pellation, I said, echoing the words that were spoken
about me, that Baron Ricasoli had on that day
taken up a position which secured to him the leader-
ship of the Italian Government, " should anything,
at any time, befall Count Cavour." I was far at
that juncture from imagining that the correctness
of popular expectation would so soon be borne out
by events. But the ways of Providence are won-

derful, and when Ricasoli's name was spoken it was
universally felt that the hour and the man had again
come together in Italy. As sure as man lives by
faith, the Italians have found the man in Ricasoli,
because they have come to the unanimous resolution
of making him so. For a day or two, for one week,
it seemed as if the last breath of Count Cavour had
struck parties dumb ; nay, it had done more—it had
forced words of homage and eulogy, heartfelt words,
too, of compunction and regret, from the most en-
venomed foes of the deceased statesman. The
Armonia and the most rabid clerical papers were
shamed into an acknowledgment of the truth of that
noble line of the Italian bard—
" Oltre it rogo non vive ira nemica."
There was only one party, and an infinitesimally
weak and insignificant one—the Mazzinians—who
had long proclaimed as their motto that " the
future was for them," and who mistook the public
calamity of Cavour's death for the dawn of the day
of triumph which they had been preparing them-
selves for. They gave themselves never a moment
for reflection ; they opened fire from their puny
batteries; they sang victory ; they appealed to the
people by shameless abuse of the people's man.
The Unita Italiana of Milan stigmatized Count

Cavour as a "juggler and mountebank, shrinking
from no evil practices in order to do evil." The
Popola cf Italia of Naples described "the Cavournians
as something worse than Croatians." After out-
raging all public feeling by reviling the dead, they
deemed it but too easy a task to defame the living.
After spurning the dead lion's carcass on the
ground, ;they thought they were sure of levelling
the survivor by the side of it. They had strangely
miscalculated the power of that dumb clay. A cry
of wrath and execration rose on every side against
these senseless and sacrilegious revilers. They had
wounded the best feelings of all honest men in Italy,
even of those few deluded enthusiasts who had been
the dupes of their specious theories and of their
magniloquent style. Mazzini, who did not hesitate
in joining in that senseless crusade against the
memory of the dead, never was at a lower ebb of
popularity than he now is—not even when he said
of Victor Emmanuel at the time that the brave
soldier-King,was lavish of his blood at Palestro and
San Martino, "Depend upon it, that man will end

by betraying Italy, as his father did before him."
I may say, in my turn, after following Italian
events ever since 1820 and 1831, be assured that
the Italian nation has never been more compact
and unanimous, never more resolved on having one

mind, one heart, and one will, than it seems to me

now ; and if Mazzini and the few believers in the
" Idea" of which he is the " Prophet" choose to
set up the only discordant note I hear about me,
they have no one but themselves to thank for the
exclusion from the national accord to which
they alone have doomed themselves. The so-
called," Left," with Guerrazzi and Brofferio at their
head, have either banished themselves from, or con-
demned themselves to utter silence in, the Chamber;
the only voice we hear from that quarter is Bic-
ardi's, a good-natured dreamer, who harbours no
ill-will,and would, at any rate, have no power to
work it.out if he did. It is in this spirit of unani-
mity and good feeling that the Italian Parliament
is striving to carry to an end the work of its pre-
sent session.
The address of the
mßomans to the Emperor Napo-
leon and to King Victor Emmanuel was signed by
53 clergymen, 50 patricians, 1,049 professional men,
674 proprietors, 576 civil
military officers,
1,576 commercial and industrialalia
4,448 trades-
men and working men ; altogether it bears 9,588
a signatures. 2,000 illiterate personsexpressed
de-
sire to have their names written down under it, and
if we had 4,000 Liberal exiles or political prisoners
who practically protest against the Pontifical Go
vernment, we shall have 16,000 men as joining in
their demand for the cessation of the temporal
power of the Papacy. Now, the population of
Rome is something less than 170,000 souls, of which
10,000 at boast are strangers. Of the 160,000
natives one-half are women, and one-fourth chil-
dren, old men, sick people, &c.; 10,000 are priests
or monks ; 3,000 are in the pay of the Papal Go-
vernment; the men who had it in their power to
sign the addresses if they listed may be calculated
at 24,000, two-thirds of whom actually put their
names to the documents.

It seems that Gen. Della Rovere is unwilling to
accept the proffered portfolio of War. He said ha
would send to the Government a statement of the
condition of Sicily, when the Ministers would be
able to decide for themselves, after a perusal of that
document, whether they still deemed it advisable
to remove him from the post in which, according to
universal opinion, he has done and is likely to do so
much good.
It is said that Count Cavour's confessor is gone
to 'tome to solicit an audience of the Pope.

(From-a Correspondent of the Daily _News.)
TURIN, MONDAY.
A meeting of members of the majority of the
Chamber of Deputies has been held, in the Aca-
demia Filarmonica, whore Ricasoli and one or two
other of the Alinistems were present to meet their
supporters in an extra-parliamentary way, and to
confer about the remaining business of the session.
There was a very fully muster, and cordial unity of
purpose amongst the

It is not, indeed, 'i')y a party, but rather by the
collected good sense raid patriotism of the Chamber,
including men of various opinions, that the Cabinet
is upheld. They would postpone all mere theoretical
or personal preferences. to the urgent practical work
of consolidating thet Government, so as to provide
a compact and unifc rm administration for the whole
kingdom. The four' apparent divisions, implied by
on the benches, do
the positions mem! )ers occupy