The Sun.
London, England, 1861-08-14 00:00:00

TIIB KINGDOM OF ITALY.

The Circular addressed by Baron Ricasoli to the
representatives of Italy at the various Courts of Eu-
rope, which was referred to in a recent telegram,
is as follows :

TURIN, July 31.
Sir,—The Parliament has just terminated the
first part of its laborious session, by adjourning till
the approaching autumn. In its bosom have sat for
the first time the representatives of nearly all the
populations of Italy.
Thanks to its decisions the unity of Italy has
passed from the domain of ideas to that of facts, and
has begun to develop itself in the political, econo-
mic, and administrative order. It is consequently
my duty to call the attention of the representatives
of the Government in foreign countries to the la-
bours of the two Chambers, and to furnish them
with the means of making known to Europe the
legislative debates of the new kingdom.
In the first place, you will please to remark the
spirit in which the elections were made. In the
provinces, which lately formed independent States,
and had scarcely entered on a situation altogether
new, still wanting the experience of the liberties
which they were called to enjoy, those elections
were accomplished with the utmost regularity and
perfect order. This will appear still more significa-
tive if we reflect that the provinces most recently
united, as the Marches and Umbria, were threatened
by the Pontifical troops, and were in fact attacked
by them on several points precisely at the moment
of the elections. If we consider further, the Neapo-
litan and Sicilian provinces not only were exposed
to the same menaces, but also felt the effects of a
powerful political agitation, while their territories
were not delivered from the remnants of the fallen
dominations, since the fallen King still continued
to resist in Gaeta, at the head of a considerable
corps of troops, and the taking of Messina had not
been attempted.

In spite of this situation, the new provinces which
now form the greater part of the kingdom, though
they lived uncertain of the future, elected their de-
puties freely and regularly, and not one was found
among them representing the opinions or interests
of the fallen governments ; and you have seen by the
parliamentary discussions and votes that the whole
tenor of the Opposition was to excite the Government
to precipitate the course of events, with a view to
complete the independence and unity of Italy, in-
stead of returning to the past ; an example, perhaps,
unique in history, and which demonstrates how uni-
versal and profound in the hearts of all Italians is
the sentiment of nationality ; since in all other
countries where revolution has carried to the throne
a new dynasty in room of the one which has been
hurled from it, the trace of the latter has never been
effaced in the national representation, and in all
Parliaments, with the exception of that of Italy, the
partisans of the fallen princes have found a place
under the name of Legitimists.

You will not fail to remark that our new deputies,
convoked for the first time from different parts of
Italy, who, in consequence of their political and
economical organisation, had hitherto remained
strangers one to the other, have immediately found
themselves in accord on fundamental ideas, and
only a very slight degree of opposition has mani-
fested itself when measures were brought forward
tending to strengthen the right of the nation, or to
support that right. It is, moreover, well to remark
that the Opposition, small in number as it was, did
not endeavour to impede these measures, but on
the contrary sought to carry them beyond the
bounds which political prudence would not allow to
be exceeded without rendering them ineffectual or
dangerous.
The novelty of the state of things in which the
provinces of Italy found themselves placed, the va-
riety of the situations in the midst of which they
had hitherto existed, gave rise to repeated interpel-
lations which, if they appeared superstitious to
some persons, had nevertheless this utility, that
they enabled the deputies to know each other
better, and to facilitate the fusion of the different
countries into one.

, Which concerned th®
These interpellations, besides
policy of the Government, afforded the Parliament
the opportunity of declaring in the most solemn
manner the right of the nation, and the King's Go-
vernment that of manifesting its intentions as to
the means of completing the enterprise already con-
ducted so near its end.

You, sir, already know these intentions. You
know that the changes in persons which have taken
place in the cabinet, in consequence of the painful
and deplored loss of Count Cavour, have not caused
any modification in the policy inaugurated and car-
ried out by him with so much honour to himself
and so much advantage to Italy; that he was the