The Sun.
London, England, 1861-11-07 00:00:00

N ENVS PAPER

aosnuentit:efe said
the provinces
Neapolitans only, who s, - :
provinces taking notes of w f 0 9,i7 *-1 ox'
verifying awkward facts and pre rig
,_ ' . - -,17::- ', "
ase AZ
for the encounter. The violence ' . 1
ea' ---a- - le a"a'
ed by some of these holds out
future p e, and one deputy declared o net
go to Turin to serve such a Government as the pre-.
oWhseee,o‘qf,uarrelled, not with the name, but
with the act of the Bourbons, when we drove them
awnhdionhosvivedeeeomdspiaarieneddo.n„e alsvhbeand
.he
spoke of having driven them out, I must confess I
smiled, for very litt/e had the Neapolitans to do
with that affair; but the language employed indi-
cated the spirit not only of the individual, but of
many otiann in the country. In short, the impres-
sion is that the South of Italy has been sacrificed
to the North, and that the Government has followed
who might have b
mentheir country oncgeivoinngaanfionb:unt
acquainted the counsels
with
it ofh been well
who have been incapacitated from
about it by an absence in exile during 13 fe4es.
With regard to Sicily, I hear that the sensfils'Cr ess
of the people is as great, if not greater, than 'ttaat •
though the eri
Lieu_
the Neapolitans. They do not like
likethe °
plated changes, and openly say so,
tenancy is not to be abolished in the island. Indeed,
it might be a hazardous, thirig to do so, as placards'
have been found affixed to the walls in different
parts of Palermo with the words" LaLuogatenenza
ola Rivoluzione." It is retained therefore in Sicily
as a political necessity ; but, this being the case,
what was more likely to irritate the Neapolitans
than seeing themselves deprived of the shadow of
Royalty, and their rivals preferred to them ? Let-
ters from Palermo and Messina, however, inform
us that the military levies have been completed in
those cities without disorder, and that they were
accompanied to the depot by the bands of the Na-
tional
Guards. You are aware that great fears
were entertained of the success of this measure, for
the Sicilians under the Bourbons were exempted
from military service. The intelligence which I.
communicate to you, therefore, is so far satisfactory.
Here in Naples the workmen's strike continues,
and hundreds of them may be seen walking about
the streets preceded or followed by policemen. One
party, preceded by three tall carbineers with hats
and feathers, which made their proportions almost
eight feet, looked at first sight something like a.
procession. The orders are not to interfere with
them so long as they conduct themselves auietiv.
A diminutive demonstration took place near the
Granile on Saturday, and another was attempted on
Monday, composed of mechanics, locksmiths, tur-
ners, &c. Every additional cause of agitation is
greatly to be regretted at the present moment, and
there can be no doubt that the increased price of
provisions, while wages remain at the same stan-
dard, has in some measure produced the evil above-
mentioned, though political intrigue, too, is at work.
As for the men themselves, they can but imperfectly
understand that where a loss has fallen on the whole
community, each must take his part. It will create
no surprise that robberies in the city are on the in-
crease, and some very serious ones have been com-
mitted during the last week. One in particular
which was committed in the house of Signor Peso-
rone, a linen merchant in the. Toledo, has created
great sensation. The thieves got hold of the cash-
box, with 400 ducats, and a quantity of ready-made
clothes ; and they broke into the lower apartments,
where there was a jeweller's shop, kept by Signor
De Francesco, whom they robbed of jewellery
to the amount of 20,000 ducats. I have not
heard as yet of the thieves having been disco-
vered, and if it be true, as some assert, that
even members of the new police have been cor-
rupted by, and are in communication with the
Camoristi, the chance of discovery will be dis-
tant, and future robberies probable. A French
merchant, too, a M. Giroux, on returning to his
house with' his wife and family in a carriage, was
stopped by four men and robbed of watches and
jewellery. In this case the thieves have been disco-
vered, but the property is not yet forthcoming.
Skirmishes continue in various parts between the
troops and the banditti, who, though reduced in
numbers, still create disquietude: In that which
took place a few days since at Nola there were
many wounded on both sides, and two soldiers and
an officer are reported dead. Of the loss of the bri-
gands nothing is known. I shall conclude this list
of disasters by saying that another mail, that from
Calabria, was stopped near Eboli on Sutday last.
A captain of the Guardia Mobile, who was inside
fired his revolver at the party, and laid one man
dead. The bandits then fired, and wounded a man
sitting on the box. The postilion was arrested on
suspician of being concerned, though the mails were
saved at length by his driving off rapidly.

Al RES2'S IN .RUSSIA.

The following letter from St. Petersburg, dated
the 31st of October, is not without interest :
" The Draconian system to which we are reduced.
both by day and night, the numerous arrests, all.
that is passing, in fact, lead me to fear that this
letter may fall into the hands of the agents of
Schouwaloff, of Patkoul, of Dolgoroukow, and in-
crease the number of victims who at this moment
languish in the damp cells in the fortress of St.
Peter and Paul. Absent from St. Petersburg for
the last two months, I have travelled through a
great part of Russia, and I can assure you,
de visu et de auditu, that this country
is progressing towards a revolution such as that
of 1793 will give you but a very faint idea-
At no previous period has popular agitation
reached such a height, nor never was it so universal,
as I can vouch, as it is at present. The peasants
are exasperated against their ex-owners, whom
they accuse of not having fulfilled the wishes of
the Czar, who commanded them, according to the•
peasants' statement, to cede the entire of their
lands to their ancient serfs. The landed proprietors,
on their part, are furious with the Emperor and hig
counsellors for having stripped them, arbitrarily,
of a fortune of which the annual income is esti-
mated at five milliards of francs. The manufac-
turers and merchants are the more indisposed
against the Government as its ill-calculated mea-
sures have ruined both manufacturers' industry and.
trade to such a degree that nobody can foresee the
period at which commercial transactions will re-
cover their former elasticity. In a word, I have,
everywhere found discontent, violent irritation, and.
implacable hatred among all classes of the popula-
tion—one against the other, and all classes against
the Government.
"The day after my return to St. Petersburg L
was a witness of the closing of the Imperial Univer-
sity, in consequence of the protest of the students
against the unworthy acts of the Minister of Public-
Instruction, the determined and loudly-avowed.
enemy of all civilisation in Russia. A counter de-
monstration, quite pacific, having taken place some
days later on the part of the students, who
demanded the reopening of the university, the
amity, led by Schouwaleff, Patkoul, Ignatieff,

and Bistrom, charged our young students, whose
only crime was having manifested their desire
to resumetheir studies. I must announce
to you, however, that our army was not unani-
mous in obeying the orders of the counsellors
of Alexander 11. The mounted artillery of the
Imperial Guard showed themselves favourable to
the students. Several officers of that distinguished
regiment have, consequently been brought before
a Court-martial by order of the Grand Duke
Michael, Grand Master of the Artillery. The day
following this demonstration, of which the result
was the incarceration of 200 students in the fort of
St. Peter and Paul, I read on the walls of that fort,
printed in gigantic letters, the words
University.' I have been informed that, beside
the students, several persons distinguished for their
scientific attainments have been arrested. Among
them is mentioned M. Erart de Pestzoff, a literary
character well known throughout Europe. He is
accused of havian
ITelzkourusse, having
aasp
es
ri s ted
clanidne
s thetin
ely e publicationircu lat
eodby
the
f
a few friends of liberty, national honour, and
civi-
ligation. I conclude my letter by mnouneing the
approaching return of the Emperor to St. Peters-
burg. lam curious to see what d attitu .' e the Empe-
ror will assume in presence of the seri •
ous and com-
plicated events under which R • Russia is groaning."