The Sun.
London, England, 1861-06-04 00:00:00

DEATHS.

CRAVEN.—On the 2d inst., at Hounslow, Major Craven,
of Richardstown, co. Louth, aged 60.
DOUGLAS.--On the Ist inst., at Clifton, Marianne, wife of
General Sir James Douglas, G.C.B.

GOSTLD7O.—On the 2d in;t., at Montagne-square, Captain
Gostling, R.N. _ _

HOWARD.—On the 31st ult., at Fazakerly, near Liverpool,
John Howard, Esq ,
R.N., aged 80.
SPARKHALL.—On the 2d inst., at 142, Cheapside, Edward
Oparkhall, aged 74.
SUTTON.—On the Ist inst., at Lee, Kent, Miss 'Lbws
Sutton, aged 82.
THACKERAY.—On the Ist inst., at Hunsdon Rectory, the
Rev. R. W. Thackeray, aged 46.

LONDON : Printed and Published by MURDO YOUNG, of
No. 112, Strand, Printer, at TDB Sun Office, No. 112,Strand,
in the Precinct of the SAVOY, hi the Cowity of Middlesex
Tuesday, Julie 4,1861.

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GREAT WESTERN RAILWAY.—CHEAP
1117:1,:. , _
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-t4 0"' -
kNwift,‘G. •r pi II • . 1
1.14
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~, t ..., _' kg ,I(a.,- .4,-,.. r----0.;, .1-0.446,. s - A 111 1
EXCURSION to ROSS and HEREFORD. —On
SATURDAY, the Bth of June, an Excursion Train will leave •/*Sc• ' - ,
- ~.,, ,-,4^- 'AK
Paddinzton at 3.10 p.m., and Reading at 4.35 p.m., for Ciren- ' ~
tester and Stroud (Fares, 12s. and 65.), Gloucester and Chel- ,, ~, , , ~,_ 41110 k . -5,..-;,:l ..-__.--_s td,
, , , , /,,,
_4., 4,4,% 4 .._.,4 ---
cliillimbTh- ' hl,
.4 a Afill
tenham (14s. and 75.), Ross and Hereford (16s. and 8s.); re-
\_!___74..; -',` ''P'''' "" , , ~.--"The / !, -•-• ~,4. ev , ~, 01,,,,iciabie-4i. --7-1.,
-,..-- --- „.,, 46,, / —4 , ~e, , r ~, ~,. .0. ~.;;., .., , •., c&
turning, on Monday, June 10, from Hereford at 5 p.m. `,'W‘\ a> ,D' i'ic , 1 ' *. o,' r'• , 0 ~... •ia - • ..4% .---- :-.-., •
. .....

GREAT WESTERN RAILWAY.-CHEAP
EXCURSION to WORCESTER and RN—
AMALVE TRAIN will leave Paddington at 2.15 p.m., and Reading
at 3.20 p.m., on SATURDAY, June 8, passengers having the
option of returning by the train leaving Malvern at 12.10 p.m.
and Worcester at 12.45 p.m., any day up to Saturday the 151. h
June inclusive. Fares there and back :—Worcester, 15s. and
108. ; Malvern, 10s. and 10s. Gd.

N°. 21,504.

PUBLICATIONS.

p, ESTAURANT and CAFE DE L'EUROPE,
-.1-, ? and 10, HAYMARKET, adjoining the Theatre.
Joints in succession, from four o'clock 2s. Od.
Soup and Joint 2,i, Cd.
Severn Salmon, or other Fish and Joint 3s. Cd.
The Cafe Dinner of Soup, Fish Entrée, and Sweets 35. Cd.
A Haunch of Venison on Wednesdays. Suppers after the
Theatres.

MR. W. S. WOODIN'S NEW ENTERTAIN-
MENT, the CABINET of CURIOSITIES, POLY-
GRAPIIIC, BALL. King- Wiliam-street, Charing-cross,
TO-NIGHT, and EVERY EVENING (except Saturday), at
Eight. Private boxes, £1 ls. ; Stalls and box stalls, 3s. ;
area, 2s. ; amphitheatre, is. —A plan of the stalls may be
seen, and seats secured (without extra charge), at the Box-
office, from 10 till 4 Morning Performance, Saturday,
May 11.

A RGYLL ROOMS. - GRAND MUSICAL
ENTERTAINMENT,
with the Celebrated BAND, Forty in number (established
eleven years), chosen from the Philharmonic Concerts, Royal
Italian Operas, and the Household Troops. Conducted by
Mons. Lamotte. Cornet-a-piston, M. Boulconrt.—Dancing
at Nine o'clock.-Is. admission.

THE NATIONAL ASSEMBLY ROOMS,
High Holborn. Open every evening at 8 o'clock.—
This popular and magnificently appointed Ball Room, de-
cidedly the most fashionable and best conducted entertain-
ment in the world. The very excellent band, under the able
direction of Mr. Packer, is constantly introducing the choicest
and latest music of the day. The wines supplied are of the
very choicest (panty. The refreshment rooms are elegant in
the extreme, and replete with every comfort. Admission
throughout, is.

LEGAL and GENERAL LIFE ASSURANCE
SOCIETY.

10, Fleet-street, London, June 5, 1861.
The Proprietors of this Society are requested to take notice
that the DIVIDEND for the current year will be payable at
th's office on MONDAY, the Ist day of July next, and fol-
lowing days, between the hours of Eleven and Two o'clock.
The Transfer Books of the Society will be closed from the
11th to the 30th inst., both days inclusive.
By order of the Board.
JOHN NETTLETON, Secretary.

GUARDIAN FIRE AND LIFE ASSURANCE
COMPANY,
No. 11, Lombard-street,'London, E.C.
Established 1521.
DIRECTORS.
HENRY VIGNE, Esq., Chairman.
Sir MTNTO T. FARQUHAR, Bart., M.P., Deputy Chairman
Henry Hulse Berens, Esq., Stewart Marjoribanks, Esq.
Charles Wm. Curtis, Esq. John Martin, Esq.
Charles F. Devas, Esq. Rowland Mitchell, Esq.
Francis Hart Dyke, Esq. James Morris, Esq.
Sir Walter R. Farquhar, Bart. Henry Norman, Esq.
Thomson Hankey, Esq., M.P. Henry R. Reynolds, Esq.
John Harvey, Esq. Sir Godfrey J. Thomas, Bart.
John G. Hubbard, Esq., M.P. John Thornton, Esq.
John Labouchere, Esq. James Tulloch, Esq.
AUDITORS.
Lewis Loyd, Esq. Henry Sykes Thornton, Esq.
John Henry Smith, Esq. `Cornelius Payne, jun., Esq.
Thomas Tallemach, Esq., Secretary.—Samuel. Brown, Esq.,
Actuary.

LIFE DEPA RTMENT.—UNDER THE PROVISIONS or 4N
ACT OP PARLIAMENT, this Company now offers to new In-
surers ElGrant PER CENT. of the Profits, at Quinquennial
Divisions, or a Low Rate of Premium without participation of
Profits.

Since the establishment of the Company in 1821, the
Amount of Profits allotted to the Assured has exceeded in
cash value £560,000, which represents equivalent Reversionary
Bonuses of £1,058,000.

After the Division of Profits at Christmas, 1859, the Life
Assurances in force, with existirur Bonuses thereon,
amounted to upwards of £1,730,000, the Income from the Life
Branch £207,000 per annum, and the Life Assurance Fund
exceeded £1,618,000.

LOCAL ➢LILITIA and VOLUNTEER CORPS.—No
Extra Premium is required for service therein.
INVALID LIVES assured at corresponding Extra Pre-
miums.

LOANS ,r2Tanted on Life Policies to the extent of their
values, if such value be not less than £5O.

ASSIGNMENTS OF POLICIES.—Written Notices of, re-
ceived and registered.
MEDICAL FEES paid by the Company, and no charge
for Policy Stamps.
Losses caused by Explosion of Gas are admitted by this
Company.

RESENTS.- ORNAMENTAL and SCIEN-
TIFIC.—ORNAMENTS for the Drawing-room, Library,
and Dining-room, consisting of anew and elegant assortment
Of VASES, Figures, Groups, Candlesticks, Obelisks, Inkstands,
beautiful inlaid Tables, Paper weights, &0., in Itallan,Alabas-
ter, 'Marble, Bronze, Derbyshire Spar, &o. Imported and
Inanufactured by JAMES TENNANT, Mineralogist to her
Majesty, 149, Stand, W.C., London.
r. Tennant arranges elementary collections of SHELLS,
MINERALS, and FOSSILS, which will greatly facilitate
the interesting, study of MINERALOGY, CONCHOLOGY
and GEOLOGY, at 2,5, 10, 20, 50, to 100 guineas each.
PRACTICAL INSTRUCTION in GEOLOGY and MINE-
RALOGY is given by Mr. TENNAN 2, at 149, Strand, W.C.

TRULY EFFICACIOUS AND MILD.-
Dr. SCOTT'S BILIOUS and LIVER PILLS, pre-
pared withoutany mercurial ingredient, from the recipe of Dr.
Scott, will be found invaluable to all who suffer from bilious
and liver complaints, indigestion, wind. spasms, giddiness,
dizziness of the eyes, &c.' For habitual costiveness, as a fa-
tally aperient medicine, and as a purifier of the blood, they
are truly excellent ; mild in their operation and grateful to
the stomach, the/ create appetite, promote digestion, and
strengthen the whole nervous system. Sold by W. Lambert,
and by most drug,gists, in boxes, ts. lid. and 2s. 9d. Be' sure
to ask for Dr. Scott's Bilious and Liver Pills. The genuine
are a square green package, with " William Lambert, 20,
Jermyn-street," engraved on the stamp.

GIVEN AWAY TO NERVOUS SUFFERERS.
HENRY SMITH. M.D., of the University of
Jena, has just published, for the benefittf Nervous
Sufferers, a FREE EDITION of his valuable work, THE
WARNING VOICE TO YOUNG MEN (120 pages). A
medical work on the cure of Nervous Debility, Loss of
Memory. Dimness of Sight, Lassitude, Indigestion, Dislike
to Society, Sperrnatorrhcea, Local Weakness, Muscular Re-
laxation, Languor, Listlessness, Depression, &c., which, if
neglected, result in consumption, insanity. and premature
death ; with plain directions for perfect restoration to health
and vigour. The book will be sent, post free, secure from oh
nervation, to any address, on receipt of a directed envelope
and two stamps. Address, HENRY SMITH, ➢I.D., 8, Burton-
crescent, Tavistock-square, London, W.C.

DR. BRIGHT'S APIIRODISION,
The Phosphorised Nervine Tonic.
A Newly-Discovared CHEMICAL COMBINATION of
PHOSPHATIC SALTS, Quinine, Iron, &c., the most mar-
vellous and only remedy for Spermatorrhma, Nervous and
Generative Debility, Incapacity, Gleet, Stricture, and Prema-
ture Decline of Manly Power, caused in early life. Prices
Its, per bottle, or four lls. bottles in one, 335. ; and in cases
containing three 335. bottles, £5, which saves £1 12s.
ford-
Newberg-, 45, St. Paul's Church-yard ; Hannay, 63, Ox-
street.

THE VIGOUR OF YOUTH RESTORED IN
I,PE Tt
FOUR WEEKS by Dr. RTCOD'S ESSENCE OF
. NO CONSULTATION NECES,IARY.
This wonderful agent will restore manhood to the most
shattered constitution, whether arising from self-pollution,
excesses, nocturnal emissions, the effects of climate, or natu-
ral causes The time required to cure the most inveterate
case is four weeks ; and, if used according to the printed in-
structions (which are very simple), failure is impossible.
This life-restoring remedy should be taken by all about to
tßarry, as its effects are permanent. It is acknowledged by
the medical press to be the greatest discovery ever made.
Success in every case is as certain as that water quenches
thirst
Dr. Ricord's Essence of Life is sold in cases, with full in'
structions for use, at 11 s. or four quantities in one for Xis.,
and may be sent to any part of the world, carefully packed
on receipt ofremittance or stamps.
Dr. Ricord's Sole Agent in London is Prout, Patent Medi-
tine Warehouse, 229, Strand (five doors west of Temple-bar).
(Entered at Stationers' HalL)

DR. BUCHAN'S DOMESTIC MEDICINES,
known throughout the world, for the cure of every
disease.
PATENT SUGAR-COATED VEGETABLE PILLS for
regulating the bowels and purifying the blood, &c., Is. 2s. 9d., 4s. 641., and 11s.
VEGETABLE SKIN OINTMENT, for all skin eruptions,
deep-seated ulcers, sores, boils, etc. Is. 14d., and 2s. 9d.
CONCENTRATED VEGETABLE ESSENCE, for re-
invigorating the nervous and muscular system, weakened
from causes acquired in early youth, also curing chronic and
spasmodic stricture, renal pains, diseases of the bladder,
kidneys. nervous debility. and all female complaints, at the
same time enriching and increasing every vital fluid.
4s. 6d., lls., or four quantities in one, 335. Physician's ad-
vice free on application, and "Buchan's Guide for Patients,"
one stamp. Sold by Buchan and Co., 22, Newman-street,
Oxford-street. London, W. and medicines forwarded on re-
ceipt of post-office order. To be had of all chemists.

Wholesale Agents : ay, 75, Farringdon-st. ; Newbery
95, St. Paul's Churchyard ; J. Sanger, 150, Oxford-st. ; Han-
na Y 63, Oxford-st. ; Butler, 4, Cheapside ; Hooper, 43, King
William-st., London-bridge ; Howden, 78, Gracechurch-St. ;
Prout, 229, Strand, London.

"The p temora obtained by means of r,atiye
modicines is purchry asedrelief purE
at the high price of the amavation
and A the perpetuating the disease."—HENßY, M.D.

NEW NOVEL BY THE AUTHOR OF "JACOB
BENDIXEN."
On Friday next, in 3 vols.,
OMELESS ; or, A POET'S INNER LIFE.
By M. GOLDSCHUIDT. Author of "Jacob Ben-
dixen," ecc.
Hurst and Blackett, 13, Great Marlborough-street.

1111 E PRESENT DISTRESS IN TRADE
fully explained in J. GROSSMITH'S
JII.
" GOVERNMENT UPON FIRST PRINCIPLES."
The cause is there predicated of the monetary difficulties ex
perienced in 18G0. The Crisis is at hand. Anxiety in bus
ness has now become the grim torture. Purity of motive,
intelligently exercised, must animate all Governments, or all
is lost, All denominations of Constitutions are carefully
examined in J. Groasmith's "Government upon First Prin-
ciples."
Kent and Co., late Piper and Co.. Paternoster-row.

Just published, Bvo, in cloth, price 55., by post free, ss. 6d.,
ON THE SUCCESSFUL TREATMENT of
STRICTURES of the URETHRA ; showing why they
so often appear Incurable, when in reality they might be
removed by the most simple means.
By F. B. COURTENAY, M.R.C.S.E.,
And formerly Surgeon to the Metropolitan Infirmary for the
Cure of Strictures of the Urethra.

" This work is the production of a surgeon whose special
attention has been directed, through a long professional life,
to the. treatment of strictures of the urethra. The cases
which Mr. Courtenay has given supply ample evidence of his
great discriminative power in the diagnosis of the various
kinds of stricture, and of the scientific principles upon which
their management is founded. By his systematic management
an immense mitigation of pain to the unhappy sufferers is
attained, and future mischief prevented. The work we can
most unreservedly and confidently recommend as a valuab_
contribution, both to the general and professional reader, and
ought to be found in the private study of all who are subject
to stricture."—Medical Circular.

MEDICAL CONSULTATIONS.
Dr. LA 'MERT, Licentiate of the Royal College of
Physicians, Edinburgh ; Member of the Royal College of
Surgeons, England, L.R.S.A., Arc., may be Confidentially
CONSULTED on the Functional Derangements of the
Nervous and Reproductive System, daily at his residence,
37, BEDFORD-SQUARE, LONDON.

Dr. La'Mert is the only qualified practitioner on the Medi-
cal llegister who, for 20 years, has exclusively devoted his
attention to the treatment of those physicalinfirmities which
militate against the happiness of Married Lite, or prevent
the contraction of engagements which constitute the most
cherished objects of existence.
Dr. La'Mert's Treatise on "Sell-preservation,"ublished
by Mann, bookseller, 39, Cornhiil, price ls., post frpee for 13,
or sealed, for 20 stamps, contains much useful information
regarding the moral, social, and physical obligations of mar-
riage, with simple and efficacious instructions for the resto-
ration of health, vigour, and all the dignified prerogatives of
manhood, when lost or impaired by pernicious habits or
excess. The work will be found totally free from those ex-
aggerated and alarming statements contained in the host of
pretended medical publications by unqualified persons, pro-
fessing to treat on these important subjects.
At home from 10 till 3, and from 6 till 8.

1, GREAT MARLBOROUGH-STREET, W., NEAR
THE PANTHEON.
CULVERWELL, Member of the Royal
College of Surgeons, Licentiate of Midwifery, and Apo-
'l:wearies' Hall, London, can be consulted daily (only) as
above, on all cases of Nervous Debility, Languor, Incapacity,
Loss of Memory, Sterility, and all Functional Derangements
of both Sexes,emanating from early and excessive lindul-
ewes;

Has Just published, price Is. ; by post, 1$ stamps;
18 sealed,
No. 4,
An entire new and original Work, entitled
OURSELVES.
•;-Synopsis : The Physiology and Anatomy of our Generation
The Origin of Disease—Symptoms, Treatment, and
rre Cure •
Also, an Exposition of. and Remedy ior, aU Urinary Deran„
meats and Marital Dbaqualifications,
MALE.
The modern treatment of Syphilis, Stricture, Blannorrhagia
,Gonorrhoea), Spermatorrhces, Impotency, anti all Diseases of
the Urinary Organs, with Prescriptions, .140. a
FEMALE.
The Physiolog-y and Anatomy of Women—Functional Ir-
regularities in Health and Sickness—Choice in Marriage—
Their Expectancies and Disappointments—Th,: Cause and
Removal of Sterßity—The Theory and Symptoms of Gesta-
tion—Use of the Specuhun. Also,
No. 1.
HEALTH, HAPPINESS, and LONGEVITY;
On Debility, Nervousness, Dyspepsia, and Indigestion;
2.
LOVE AND . MARRIAGE
Their Obligations, Happiness, and Disappointments; Love
apnrdinoatlitzurlielad.tl.3hes. Sterility Removed, and Healthy Off.

No. s.
THE CASE BOOR':
100 Cases of SPERMATORRIREA,
Their Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment, Confessions and
Cure by Cauterisations, Galvanism, &o. &c. &c.
To be had of Mann, 39, Cornhill ; and the Authors.
Advice to the Working Classes fee Half-a-Guinea:
(SPECIAL NOTICE.)
Dr. Culverwell is the only legally qualified medical practi-
tioner living of that name, and can be consulted (only as
above).

NO MORE PILLS OR ANY OTHER PHYSIC
POR CONSTIPATION, INDIGESTION (DYSPEPSIA), PALPI-
TATION, NERVOUS, BILIOUS, AND LITER COMPLAINTS,
DEBILITY, DROPSY, EPILEPSY, PARALYSIS, COUGH,
ASTHMA, CONSUMPTION, BRONCHITIS, SORE THROAT,
FEVERS
DU BARRY'S deliClolls HEALTH RESTOR-
tw pe,V,GpeRrPtiVALENTA ARABICA FOOD, which, at a
urea without ~:ay. saves fifty times its cost in Medicine, and
oil or
and ruinPoubr:inxir or any of the uncertainties, annoy -
Certificate _ g ta looistal:7"R incurred by medicine, cod liver
36 4.,ac imatee,
drew Ure,M.D p it.---We find it the safest remedy, An-
'and; Dr. Carlipbeii.,B' ; pr. Rarvey; Dr. Wurzer ; Dr. Shor-
We extract a few out 0
Cure No. 1,771. Lomf R5,6,('00 °urea :
adgyosnpyepfsrioam.
dCyuspreerl,o.
n'te9i:vgErtnnei,f4e Decics of many years'
spasms,
Riekltio:ls4::::ll:.thi:leril?'
fifty Yea 0F indiscribable
tion, fiatuleney,
,„ , cough, constipa-
of Lynn, Norfolk. Cure
hdlg7,l2n -flliting, Maria .Toly of extreme nervousness,Ns Elizabeth Jacobs,
end nervous fancies. Cure No.
Campbell, Syderstone Rectory, near 17'ai.P' h 77,loraSfiirkis,tTosi
inclizesthn and liver mplaints. Cure No.eidArn4. Mr. Sanmel
t3i,reea". leo. Mr.
Laxton
,Leicester, oft wo years' diarrhcea.2s
W. Reeves, 181, Fleet-street, London, of
news, ccnstipation, indigestion, and debility. Cureri_nervous-
Eight years' dyspepsia, nervousness. debility ,
7withN,?;"2B:
spasms, and nausea, Rev. John IV. Flavel, tidlingtonarpPs,
tort', Norfolk. Cure No. 3,906. Thirteen years' cough, inl:
Eestion, and general debility, James Porter, Athol-street,
r411"11). Cure No. 58,311. Miss Elizabeth Yeoman, Gateacre,
near Liverpool, of ten years' dyspepsia, and all the horrors of
nervous irritability. Cure No. 46.270. Mr. James Roberts,
timber merchant, of Frimley, Surrey, of 30 years' diseased
lungs, spitting of blood, liver derangement, partial deafness.
. Similar testimonials from 56,000 patients who can be re-
'erred to.
jThe Food4os. ; super-refined
is soldper-re in canisterfined qua!,lity, 51b. e 22 sd., „
1M 21h, 4s. (14., 1T
, . b. 335. The
_l k 241bb., 121 b., and 241 b. canisters carriage free on receipt of
rost-office order by Barry Pu Barry and Co., 77, Regent-
L, .Indon ; Fortnum, Mason, and Co., 182, Piccadilly.
Amoon ; Abbis, 60, Gracechurch-street; 4, Cheap Aide ; 63
ltnd 150, Oxfbrd-street ; 330 and 452, Strand ; 49 and 60,
El
~,,„ cPszate-street;
_Batty, 16, Finsbury-pavement; Phillips
—" t-;0.• tea ,:, a't PI • reti • Wood ad in, Willion-
treet .. - , Y. • a C 0.,., „
0 City. and 147 t algrn ti iii.l.4; e:VVI all Mccra,

DR. CURTIS' MEDICAL WORK, MANHOOD :
5. MEDICAL ON SPERMATOH
NERVOUS ANDS GENERATIVE DEBILITY &c.CE
Just Published, the 150th lloe
thousand, with numerous plates,
in a sealed envelope, price Sold by a Bksellers, and
sent post paid, by the Anther, for 1:?, stamps,
Ai ANHOOD: the CAUSE and CURE of PRE-
-1 MATURE DECLINE IN MAN, with Plain Directions
for t'erfect Restoration to Health and Vigour. By Dr. J. L.
Mats, 15, Alberniarle-street~f!ndilly, London.

-- - .
CONTENTS:
INTRODUCTORY CHAPTER on the Physiological
Structure and Functions of the Reproductive Organs.
CIIA I'TE R ll.—Causes of Spermatorrheca and Impotence;
Early Vicious Indulgences; Dangers of Neglect.
CHAPTER lII.—A Review of the various Disqualifications
Marriage;of whether resulting from Youthful Abuse, the
Follies of Maturity, the Effects of Climate, or Infection.
CHAPTERS IV. and V. on the modern Treatment of
Gonorrhoea and Syphilis.
The Book concludes with numerous varied and interesting
lases to which is added the Author's recipe of a preventive
Lotion.

THE WORK.work, and
"Curtis on Manhood.—ThisßE-VIEWSOP'
is a truly valuable
Mould be in the hands of young and old."—" Sunday MUM"
23d March 1856.
The author has conferred a great boon by publishing this
little ork, in whicilis described the source of those diseases
Mich produce decline in youth or more frequently premature
age-"—" Daily Telegraph," March 27, 1856.
Panr°‘d'lTesihrit4llga°l pedimentsTcriticism
It
ands
aous excitement and de-
bility ; and to invalids" suffering from youthful errors and
manner on on tnheervv various disqualifications
excesses it to
be found valuable and useful."—Record.
London ; Published by J. Allen, 20, Warwick Lane, Pater-
noster-row; Mann, 38, Cornhi 11.
Con
Hours of an'' Li a
, ~
---”on-10 to 3 and 6 to 8 ; Sundays, 10,ti11 2

~.,~~~

PRICE 4D. STAMPED, SD,

NORTH ITALY.

says :—Count
A letter from Turin, dated June 1,
Cavour's indisposition, to which I alluded in my
last letter, exhibits the symptoms of all his pre-
vious attacks,—a sudden 'seizure and speedy re-
covery. He was bled four times within three days.
Last evening he had already recovered, and to-day
he was expected to leave his chamber. The com-
plaint is congestion of the brain, arising from in-
tense occupation, want of bodily exercise, and
either too strong an appetite or else excessive indul-
gence in the pleasures of his well-appointed table.
Periodical bleeding has become with him, as with
too many of his countrymen, a matter of neces-
sity, It is only when the great man is temporarily
laid low that people seem to realise to its full ex-
tent the power of his ruling genius. Then you hear
surmises and conjectures in an under breath as to
what might happen were the phlebotomist's lancet
to arrive only two minutes too late. There is a Pro-
vidence to take care of insane and drunken men,
says the English proverb ; and there is a Providence
to watch over the destinies of a nation in a state of
transition. Count Cavour is neither the head of a
majority nor of a minority; so far as the head of the
Administration is concerned,ltaly cannot be, strictly
speaking, called a Constitutional country, as, for a
certain period of time, a Ministerial crisis is an im-
possibility. Since in 1854, or shortly before,
Count Cavour undertook to " make Italy" (far
r Italia, as the phrase is here) he engaged to be
kept in harness till Italy was made, He cannot
think of withdrawing ; no man car even dream of
unseating him. For the last seven or eight years he
has not only been at the head of the King's Cabinet,
holding now two, now three, now even four port-
folios; he has been the Minister. It mattered not
who was called by him to sit in the Council, or to
seem to share his responsibility. It mattered not
whom he chose to discoid, with whom he was com-
pelled to quarrel, whose able co-operation he thought
fit to renounce. It did not even matter into whose
hands he, for a short respite, resigned power. The
master mind in Italy was always one and the same.
Even La Marmora's head was not hard enough to
butt against Cavour's, nor was even Ratazzi's tem-
per sufficiently soft to avoid all collision. One after
another all Cavour's associates fall from or are hurled
from him; he alone stands for ever—for ever, that
is, so long as he wills, and so long as the surgeon's
lancet saves him from himself.

What would become of half-made Italy if Cavour
were suddenly removed ? Why, the framer of the
Peace of Villafranca had an instinctive notion that
his Subalpine interlocutor at Plombieres was too
much for him, and thought he should easily have
Italy at his own discretion if he could only drive
Count Cavour from Victor Emmanuel's councils.
Thanks, not to an internal crisis, but to a foreign
overbearing force, Cavour, in 1859, yielded his
seat to Ratazzi, who reigned; but ruled not, for
a few months. Even during those few months
the real leader of Italian destinies was the
gentleman at that time ruralising at Leri. It
was he who inspired the conduct of Farini and
Ricasoli, cheered up the .tEmilians and Tus-
cans, forced upon Napoleon the annexation of
Central Italy, when the Emperor was obliged to
acknowledge himself beaten, and had to come to
terms with his adversary, allowing him to resume
the semblance, as he had never lost the substance,
of power. The price exacted for this compromise
was an afterthought on the part of Napoleon, a sur-
prise rather than an oversight on that of Cavour.
The latter's calculations were all correct, but it is
never safe for a man to be toe much in the right
unless he be ready and able to back right by might.
Should Cavour be removed by death—for no man
in Italy is absurd enough to think of any other con-
tingency—we should in all probability have a Rica-
soli Ministry. Cavour's only possible successor is
unmistakably pointed out by public opinion. He
would bring high principles, a most unblemished
character, a strong good sense, and stern will into
the King's councils ; but for vastness of intelligence,
for extent of resources, few even of his friends give
him credit. His very virtues, his chivalrous hon-
our, his stubborn firmness, his romantic patriotism,
would be in his way ; they would unfit him for those
shifts and compromises to which enlarged states-
manship knows when and how to accommodate
itself. There are not many men who know the
medium between bravely "wrestling with fate" and
madly dashing out one's brains against a stone wall.
Conjecture, however, would be very idle in itself
at this present moment, and it can only negatively
illustrate the subject. Count Cavour lives, and
long may he live. So long as the lancet steps in
between him and " congestion," he is not the man
that can be spared. He is the only person who
ever approached the Emperor Napoleon, who may
be said to hold the key of the great riddle of
Europe. Cavour alone hitherto found the means of
making the ambitious schemes of the French auto-
crat subservient to the interests of his own country.
At all points, except one, the larger brain has
always had the better of the stronger hand. The
game is by no means at an end, and the skilful
player must hold the cards to the last rubber.
While the French are at Rome, and the Austrians
garrison the Quadrilateral, Count Cavour is the
indispensable man, to be ousted by no opponent, to
be removed by no fatal contingency.
I am sorry to have to add that Count Cavour has
had a restless night; he has lost a great deal of
blood, owing to the loosening of the bandages at
his arm, yet had to be bled again in the course of
this morning. This relapse is only owing to the
Count's imprudence in summoning his colleagues
to his bedside yesterday, on the first symptoms of
improvement, and holding with them a long con-
ference, for which his exhaustion hardly fitted the
great statesman.

IRELAND.

DUBLIN, MONDAY.

The idea that " all Ireland" is united in a contest
with England for an Irish interest has something
exhilarating in it to politicians of all classes and
creeds. The.union which it has effected is certainly
extraordinary, and a worse grievance would be
welcome occasionally if it produced such an edifying
result. The conduct of the Irish members in the
late division has, upon the whole, given satisfaction.
The division lists have been carefully analysed and
turned every way in order to detect any dereliction
of duty on the part of our representatives. Of the 105
Irish members, 73 voted against the Government
on this occasion, of whom eight had voted with Go-
vernment on the first division on the Paper Duty.
This inconsistency is held to be highly creditable,
and Mr. Bagwell is condemned because, though he
resigned his office as one of the LordstaokfeuthebyTrtehae-
sury in consequence of the course
.d
which
he on the question of the subszy,ni"
for
he condemned, he voted with the Governmenturew
hich he
the abolition of the Paper Dudty
• eaussinion people here
approved. In the heat of
whatconsistently
t a Government in doing . right,
while
-
cannot always see that a marl May
sup-
port
majority, and of these
what is wrong. Only 15
Government—namely,
ho opposes it in doing
Proby, and Mr. Fortescue.
eoLdt voted it nh t
thehe
jtlhroirrsedhe arecas memberstei oenronsescevt,
There were 17 Irish members absent from the divi-
sion. Mr. Lowry Corry has stated to the Daily
4iress that he was prevented from voting
in the minority by illness, which detained him at
Portadown. Mr. M'Cormack and Mr. Richardson
were the only Irish members absent without pairs.
Of the 15 who voted with the Government eight are
Protestants and seven Catholics, and of the 73 who
voted against the Government, 59 are Protestants,
and 14 Catholics. Eight Protestants and nine Catho-
lics were absent.

It is reported that Lord John Browne, one of a°
members for Mayo, is to be the new
Lord of the
Treasury, in the room of M. Bagwell.