The Sun.
London, England, 1857-07-10 00:00:00

SHARE MARKETS—(This Day.)

ROYAL CREMORNE GARDENS.

RAILWAYS.

Paidi RAILWAYB.

Leasing
7,ompanies

Closing Prices 1 Bnsi
yesterday. this

RAILWAYS.

Closing Prices
yesterday

The Princes of Owle, attended by a numerous
suite, honoured these popular gardens with a visit
yesterday, and remained for several hours enjoying
the various attractive features which this popular
place of amusement presents. Their Highnesse,
arrived about six o'clock, and were received by Mr.
Simpson, who conducted his distinguished visitors
through the grounds, and shortly after introduced
them to an exhibition of singular novelty for Orien-
talists—the ascent of a balloon, which, after afford-
ing an opport unityfor a marvenous display of agility
to a couple of contortionists (the Italian Brothers), I
ascended most majestically, taking a south-west
direction.

Business done
this day. St.
St.

100 Buckghamsh.
100 Clydeeale Jc.
all Col.Stour Vy.
100 E.Lin. g. 6 p.c
all E. Un. H. SL.
100 Glas. Barr. &
Neils. Direct.
100 Do. New
all Glstr.&Dn.Fr
all Hull & Selby
all Do. Shares
all Do. i Shares
all Lon.dtGreenw
all Do. Preference
100 Lon. Til., &S.
74 'Do. Bark. Sh .
all Ihfanch.Baton.

The Princes retired from the balloon-ground to
the theatre, where they seemed much interested in
the performance of the new ballet. Subsequently,
they visited the Marionette Theatre, where an op-
portunity was afforded them of hearing their Chi-
nese neighbours satirised with good-humoured se-
verity in the spectacular burlesque of " the Prince
and the Peri." During the interval between thin
performance and the dashing scenes in the Cirque,
which their Highnesses appeared very much to en-
joy, they amused themselves in one of the saloons
of the hotel, which overlooks the promenade and
dancing platform, when they were conducted to
the firework gallery, from whence they witnessed a
magnificent pyrotechnic display, including several
set pieces in their own special honour.
The Princes, upon leaving, expressed to Mr.
Simpson their unqualified admiration of the gar-
dens and its amusements.

and Matlock
100 Mdld. Bradfd.
I 54 Newmarket
SuryE.G.spc.l
all N. dt Est.s p.c.l
all Do. 6 per ct..
all Do. Fixed 5p c
all Prest. dg Wyre
; all Do. Shrs. A
'lOO Roystn.& Hit.
all Shrews.& Her
all S. Staffordsh
all WearVal.g6pc
all Do..
100 IWilts&Somrst

PUBLIC DRINKING FOUNTAINS.

Who has not, at some time or other, in traversing
the streets of a large town, longed for a draught of
water. Yet nothing is, ordinarily, so difficult to obtain.
There are the greatest facilities for purchasing every-
thing which will heat the already heated blood, and in-
m crease the thirst already suffered ; there are certain
cooling drinks which may be bad for money, though not
readily ; but the great natural provision for thirst can
scarcely be had at all. The weary wanderer, who has
hardly the means of procuring food, the very many poor
children whom various causes send into our streets, suf
fer unrelieved ; nor should what the animals kept for
convenience endure, be overlooked. In some town,,
here and there, the stone troughs and iron bowl by
which past generations rendered some old spring avail-
able to the wayfarer and to the workman may yet be
seen. In others more modern contrivances have been
adopted. As population increases there is the more
need for the extension of so excellent a sys-
tem. The subjoined extracts show what has been done
in some places. In the metropolis there are seve-
ral instances of the same benevolent provision. We
heartily recommend to our townsmen the imitation of
these laudable examples, believing that a sufficient sub
scription for the erection of public drinking fountains in
Leeds would be readily obtained. The Liverpool Year
Book says :—" One of the most spirited•and practical
efforts ever made to increase our local sanitary appli-
ance has emanated from a private individual, Mr. C, P.
Melly, of this town. Since March, 1854, Mr. Melly
has erected at his own cost numerous drinking foun-
tains in different parts of the town, which afford a
constant supply of pure and refreshing water to the
thirsty wayfarer. The first fountain was erected on
the 31st of March, 1854, at the south end of Prince's
Dock ; it was of polished Aberdeen granite. In the
course of the same year six small cast-iron fountains
were erected along the north end of the dock property.
The cost of these latter was, to a certain degree, re-
funded by the Town-council, who promised to erect
several more, and to maintain a good supply of water to
all. In neither respect did they fulfil their promises ;
and in the commencement of the past year (1856), Mr.
Melly, despairing of seeing the number of foun-
tains increased by the Town-council and finding
from statistics that their usefulness far exceeded his
most sanguine expectations, again commenced erecting
some new ones at his own expense. Mr. M'Donnell,
of Aberdeen, seconding him, by offering to furnish
polished granite fountains, according to Mr. Melly's
design, at prime cost, without profit to himself ; and
we have the pleasure to announce that 14 polished
drinking fountains have been erected in the course of
the year. Each fountain has two galvanised iron ladles
attached by slight chains to the wall on each side,
and is ornamented with a handsome bronze head of
lion, boy, satyr, or other design, furnished by Messenger
and Sons, of Birmingham. On the 6th and 7th of July,
the number drinking at different fountains along the
south end of the docks exceeded 2,500 persons per day
at each." The British Workman adds,—" We are glad
to learn that Birkenhead and Runcorn are following the
good example of Liverpool, and we trust that in London
heartsand many
as
by whom water for the people will be provided by means
loatrhgeer
apel
da epee
parses
ee
en tlaeem
he ne a wv
yi l a
eh am fro. u
mn de
iiwiy
of these public drinking fountains."—Leeds Mercury.

THE ATTEMPTED ASSASSINATION IN THE QUEEN'S
PRISON.—In consequence of the weak and exhausted
state of Mr. Robertson, the inquiry into the charge has
been adjourned for a week. The wounded man is pro.
gressing favourably.
FATAL FALL FROM A WINDONT.—A shocking occur
rence took place at noon yesterday, in the Southwark-
bridge-road. During the temporary ab•ence of its
mother, a female child 14 years of age, daughter of Mr.
James Cooper, residing at Mr. Wehrle's, climbed on to
a chair which was close to an open window on the third
floor, and on looking out overbalanced herself, and fell
to the pavement—a depth of nearly 40 feet: The back
of the skull was completely flattened, and the flagstones
were covered with blood and hair. The unfortunate
ehild was taken to St. Thomas's Hospital, but died
before her admission.
THE MAILS, &I.—SOUTHAMPTON, Thursday —The
Royal Mail Company's steamship Tamar, Captain Jel-
licoe, sailed to-day with the Brazilian and River Plate
mails, 62 passengers, specie value 33,200/., jewelry value
32,0001., and a full cargo. The European and Ame-
rican Company's steamship Argo, Captain Benson,
which left New York on the 24th ult., arrived here
early thls morning bringing 150 passengers and a
general cargo for Southampton and Bremen. She
sails for Bremen at daylight. Os her passage she passed
the American ship Exchange, in lat. 43 49 N., long 42
14 W. steering to the southward ; the American
ship Potomac, in lat. 46 20 N., long. 36 10 W., steering
to the eastward ; and the barque Janet Henderson, in
lat. 47 21 N., long. 31 33 W., steering to the westward.
The American steamer Vanderbilt, which left yesterday
for New York, took a ship letter mail, 122 passengers
(chiefly from Havre), and about 1,000 tons of cargo.
The basis on which the amalgamation of the Royal
Mail Company and the European and Australian Royal
Mail Company is proposed to be tarried out is stated to
be as follows :—The capital stock of the two companies
is to be fixed at 2,000,000 i. Half of this is to be re-
presented by 15,000 Royal Mail scares, at 661. 13s. 4d.
each, which are regarded as fully raid up. The remain.
ing 1,000,000/, is represented by 9,000 European and
Australian shares, at 661. 13s. 4d., which would amount
to 600,0001., and unissued stock km. 400,0001. On the
European and Australian shares 200,000/. has yet to be
paid, which will be called for by four instalments.
These shares are not to recOlve any dividends
for a year, reckoning from the first of July,
1857, it being provided that any profits from the
Australian service, together with toe surplus profits
of the Royal Mail Company after the latter have paid
the usual dividend on their shares, Shall be carried dur-
ing that period to a united reserve fund. Afterwards
both sots of shares will rank alike. The conditions are
subject to the approval of the shareholders of the respec-
tive companies, and also to a proviso for an extension of
two years of their existing contracts ,sing obtained from
the Government.

PAUPERISM AND THE POOR Law,--pThe ninth annual
report of the Poor Law Board (fir the year 1856) has
been printed in the form of a blue-book of 100 pages,
with appendices, &c. In the year envied Lady-day, 1856,
the sum of 6,004,2441. was expended or the relief of the
poor, being equivalent to an increase of 114,2031. as
compared with the sum expended in the preceding year,
or 1 9 per cent. The rate per head on the population
was 6s. 3i.d. The increase was distributed over the
counties as follows-viz., in Stafforde, 1,•7 per cent. ;
in Nottinghamshire, 9'5 ; in Chester . Leicester-
shire, 58; in Salop, 57; in Bedfordshn 6; in Mid-
dlesex, 5 4 ; in Anglesea, 5.1; in Lancashire, 4 8 ; in
Yorkshire (West Riding) 4.5 ; in Pembrokeshire, 4.4 ;
in Radnorshire, 4.4 ; in Derbyshire, 4 2 ; in Yorkshire
(East) 4.0 ; in Herefordshire, 3.9 ; in Durham, 3.5 ; in
Flintshire, 3.5; in Worcestershire, 35; in Bucking-
hamshire, 3.4; in Carnarvonshire, 34 ; in Mon.
mouth, 3.1 ; in Carmarthen, 2.8 ; in Itrierioneth, 2.8 ;
in Cardigan, 2.1 ; in Somerset, 2.1 ; in Rutland, 1.7 ;
in Devon, 1.5 ; in Glamorgan, I'4 ; in Corn wall, 1.2 ;
in
center,Northumberland,
k s1:10; 8 ;
i aMi
no nt g
Southampton,o m er, I'o ; in Gloll•
0.8 ; in
Oxford, o's'; in alerts, 0.4; in Wilts, o'2 in Northamp-
ton, 01 ; and in Surrey, 0.1 per cent. The decrease
was as follows :-viz., in Brecon, 0.1 percent. ; in Suf-
folk, 8.6; in Denbigh, o'B ; in Essex, 09 ; in West-
moreland, 0 9 ; in Warwick, 1.3 ; in Huntingdon, 1 4 ;
in Cambridge, 1.5 ; Bent, 1.5 ;in Cumberland 1•6 ;
in Lincoln, 1 6 ; in Dorset, 2 0 ; in York North), 2.6 ;
in Sussex, 3.3 ; and in Norfolk, 3.6 per cket. The in-
crease is mainly attributable to the high Rice of provi-
sions. An increase is also noticeable in tie number of
persons receiving relief. Subsequent returin, however,
indicate a progressive decrease in the numbe. of paupers,
and the commissioners see grounds for exoecting that
both the number of paupers and the amounCof expendi-
ture will have a tendency to diminish. Theaverage ex-
penditure of the 23 years occurring between IEB4 4,61856
was 6s. 2d. per head on the estimated population, that
in the year 1855-56 having been slightly above the ave-
rage. The commissioners report that they save endea-
voured to avail themselves of every practicalle opportu-
nity to promote the education of children in workhouses,
and that their views have been shared and acted upon by
many boards of guardians. The average number of chil-
dren attending workhouse schools in the half:par ended
at Lady-day, 1856, was 17,666 boys and 14,416 girls,
and the average number of children attending district
schools 1,488 boys and 1,284 girls. 26,6164 was the
amount paid to boards of guardians out of the Parlia-
mentary grant in respect of the salaries of workhouse
and district school teachers in the year ended Lady-day,
1856 ; only 211 persons were assisted to emigrate during
the year. The number of insane paupers chargeable to
the poor rates on the Ist of Jan. 1857, was 27,643, of
whom 17,192 were lunatics and 10,501 idiots. The total
cost of maintaining these paper lunatics appears to be
480,2801. The number of persons vaccinated by public
vaccinators in England and Wales during the year was
435,012, ani of these 422,281 were successful.

THE SUN, LONDON FRIDAY EVE
_

HER MAJESTY'S VISIT TO ALDERSBOT.

• The dull routine of camp life at Aldershot was en
livened ,n Wednesday by a State visit. Her Majesty, at.
tended by the Court-Ind a numerous staff, was present
at a most brilliant field-day, and afterwards made a for-
inal inspection of the whole cantonments, including toe
real camp where the tents are pitched among the firs and
little dells of Cove Common.
The Royal party arrived at the private station on the
South-Western Railway soon after 9 o'c'ock, and at a
few minutes before 10 reached Farnborough, where a de-
tachment of 7th Hussars was in attendance and escorted
the cortege to camp. Her Majesty was mounted on a
superb bay charger and wore her scarlet riding habit
with a military sash and open riding hat with a small
plume of red and white feathers. Prince Frederick of
Prussia, in the uniform of a colonel of Prussian Dragoons,
rode on the right of her Majesty. His Royal Highness
the Prince Consort, in a Field-Marshal's uniform ; the
Duke of Cambridge, the Princes Charlotte of Belgium,
and the Prince of Hohenzollern, were on the left.
There were less than 9,000 troops upon the ground.
The actual numbers were-390 officers, 30 guns, and
8,200 men. Yesterday were represented the manceavrep,
by which a sudden attack is met and a superior f rce
kept in check during a retreat. The heavy cavalry (the
Ist and 6th Dragoons), with a troop of Horse Artillery,
wheeled round in columns of troops, and advanced to
the foot of Camar's Camp, so as to form the extreme left
of the defending army, while the light cavalry (the 7th
and 15th Hussars), with another troop of Horse Artil-
lery, were rapidly advanced in front, the infantry moving
across the plain in solid columns to support. The light
cavalry and artillery performed this duty of advancingso
effectually that they moved quite out of sight, and ap-
peared to have gone to threaten Winchester or Basing-
stoke.

that the means were in the prisoner's hands of corn
miffing the crime. The possession of poison wit
be the first thin(' that is absolutely necessary ; an,
on the other hand the fact that the deceased on on,
occasiou was ill from the consequences of poison
and ou tLe second occasion ho was ill from the
same cause ; and that on the third he died from
the effects of poison. But it wouli be the most
defective of all proofs of poison to stop at such
facts as these, for one Jerson may bs in the pos-
session of poison and another person die from
the effects of poison, and yet that proves no-
thing. You must have a third element. You
must not merely have a motive—and I shall
speak of a motive by and by7-you must not merely have
a motive but opportunity, the most important of all
elements. You must have the opportunity bf the patties
coming into personal contact, or of that poison being
carried io the murdered person through the medium of
another. Now, we shall see how far there is the slightest
r nom for such a position here. The Dean then ex-
amined the first charge against the prisoner, the admi-
nistration of poison on the 19:h or 20th of February.
Mrs. Jenkins—than whom he never saw a more accurate
and trustworthy witness—was able to fix a date for the
second illness—namely, the 23d of February; but she
said that the first was eight ea ten days previous to the
second, which would bring tiietn back to the 13th, or
thereabout ; and that he was ill about the 13th was
preyed by one of the letters and by the testimony of Mr.
Miller. As to Miss Perry, she did not recollect the date
of his first illness the first, the second, or even the third
time she was precognosced, and it was only by the most
improper interference of one of the Fiscal's clerks, who
read to her a date out of a book which has been rejected
as worthless in fixing dates, that she fixed upon the 19th.
But Suppose the 19th was the date, notwithstanding that
the prosecutor had searched all the druggists' sleeps in
Glasgow they had been unable to find that the prisoner
bought any arsenic at all till the 21st, when she went so
openly into Murdoch's, signed her name, and let it go to
her father's account. He left his learned friend to choose
one or other of the horns of this dilemma—either that
the deceaseid was ill from the effects of arsenic on the
first occasion, in which case it must have been adminis-
tered by other bands ; or that he was ill from some other
cause—a fact which destroyed the whole theory and foun-
dation of the prosecutor's case. As to the second illness,
there was no proof whatever that the parties met after
toil purchase at all. Mrs. Jenkins saki-she did not think
L'Angelier was out of the house on Sunday night the
22d. ,She said she had not given him the latchkey that
night, which she always did when he was to lee out late;
that she should have recollected it had he borrowed it
that night; and M. Tonau said he certainly did not lot
him in that night, which was the only way he could get
in if he left without the latchkey. Letter 107, how-
ever, was founded on to prove they met that night ; a
letter which had no date—and which, though it had
been found in an envelope with the clearest date, it
would be madness to convict upon ; and with all the
possibilities of such a letter finding its way into a wrong
envelope, even in the hands of deceased, and still more
in the hands of those by whom it was recovered, and
V. ith the date quite illegible, and which the Crown wit-
ness said had an "r" in the month, which she iced it
could not be "Feb."—s, that even the Crown discarded
their own witness to carry out their theory—he was en-
titled to say that there was not merely a conflict of evi-
dence on the point, but an accumulation of evidence
disproving the theory that they met that night M all ;
and the failure to prove that certainly put an end to the
charge. If, then, deceased was ill from arsenical poison
on that occasion, the inference he again drew was that
he was in the way of receiving arsenic from some other
hand. The Dean then proceeded to consider the third
and lace; charge. He referred to the missing letter de-
ceased received from the prisoner at Bridge of Allan on
Friday. That letter evidently contained an appoint-
ment for a certain night, and when he found he could not
keep it he knew it was useless to come without a special
appointment. He then came to the second letter for-
warded to Bridge of Allao bearing the postmark 21st
March, and, as he held, making the appointment for the
Saturday evening. When was it she waited and waited!
Thursday evening. The letter from the deceased to
Miss Perry conclusively proved that. When was it
likely she would write hernextsummons I I should think
the next evenieg, for she almost invariably wrote in
the evenieg, and when she did not write in the evening
she mentioned the hour of the day. This all-important
letter was written, therefore on the Friday evening,
and posted on Saturday morning, addressed to Mrs.
Jenkins, and appointing the meeting for the Saturday
evening, It was written with the same notice which
she usually gave him oat of their appointments, and she
believed him to be in Glasgow. There is no appearance
throughout the correspondence of any meeting having
l taken place withdut previous arrangements being made,
and she bad constantly repeated her warning against his
making any signal at the window, as it was sure to lead
to discovery and risks of various kinds. On every occa-
sion she watched and waited for him. He never came
without preconcert. Having broken his appointment
for the Thursday, he never supposed he could procure an
appointment for the Friday. He waited till he got ano-
ther letter, and when he broke his appointment on the
Saturday why should he expect to have one on the Sun-
day ? On the Sunday night the family are at prayers,
the servants cone down stairs and go to bed one by one,
the cook not retiring till 11. The prisoner and her
youngest sister descend to their bedroom between half-
past 10 and 11. They take half an hour to undress.
The prisoner goes to bed with her sister, and, so far as
human evidence goes, the house is undisturbed and un-
approached up to the following morning. Do you think
there could have been a meeting and no evidence of it 'I
The policeman who knew him had not seen him that
night ; and you must remember that this is not a bust-
lieg part of the town, but a quiet west-end square, about
which the appearance of a stranger at a late hour on
Sunday would be sure to attract attention. Neither
within the house nor without the house is there
the slightest vestige or ground of suspicion that
the meeting appointed for Saturday took place on
Sunday. Then, as to L'Angelier, it is said he came
to the house to see the prisoner on Sunday night.
Even if that were a reasonable assumption, it
would not advance the prosecutor's case one step, but
the supposition was not a reasonable one—to suppose
that he came that distance to keep a meeting which had
been appointed for another evening. We do not know
what other letters he may have received at the Bridge
of Allan, and its one of his own he says " I have re-
ceived no letters from Mr. Mitchell, and I should like
to know what he wants with me." The Crown has not
told us who Mr. Mitchel is, and Ido not know. Who
can tell that he received no other letters at Bridge of
Allan, and for what purpose he came so unexpectedly
home. L'Angelier came to Glasgow, and there is also
considerable mystery thrown over his identity in the
course of the journey. Ross did not describe a person
like the prisoner, andßoss was not shown the photograph.
The snail guard professed to identify him from it, and
yet the Crown objected to onr relying on the photograph
when identified by the druggists. No one is called from
the inn to identify L'Angelier; and what was the account
the supposed L'Angelier gave of himself to Ross I Why.
that he had come from Ailoa, and that he was going to
Glasgow to cash a cheque, of which payment had been
refused to him as a stranger—an account of which, if
given by L'Angelier, the Crown had taken no means to
teat or account for. If L'Angelier was not with Ross he
gives no false account of himself, and the evidence of
the druggists at Coatbridge, Baillieston, and Gallow-
gate, from whom he bought laudanum, who all identify
the likeness, and one of them the purse out of Which the
money was paid, were consistent with each other. If
these three witnesses were correct he was ill; and finally
in Miss Kirks shop he purchased a white powder, and
Miss Kirk can't tell you what this white powder was.
He comes to his lodging—he goes out at nine—is seen
in different streets, but not in Blythswood-square ; so
that this proves nothing at all. He calls on M'Ales•
ter. Why is M'Alester not here, that he might, per-
chance, tell what brought him to Glasgow, and if he
knew anything of Mr. Mitchell ? From half-past 9to
half-past 2he is absolutely lost sight of, and the Lord
Advocate admitted that the fact that prisoner and de-
ceased met that night is founded on inference and con-
jecture. Good heavens, inference and conjecture ! In-
ference and conjecture. whether on the night he was
poisoned he saw the prisoner who is charged with this
murder I I never beard such expressions made use of
in a capital case before as indicating or describing a link
in the chain of a prosecutor's case. I have heard them
many a time in the mouth of a prison counsel, and I
dare say you will hear more of them Wm me to-day, but
for the prosecutor himself to describe such a part of his
evidence as a piece of conjecture and hypothesis is to me
a most startling novelty. And yet my learned friend
could not help himself. It was a necessity he should so
express himself ; for if be intended to ask a verdict at all,
he could ask for the verdict he did only on a series of •
unfounded and incredible suspicions and hypotheses. The
Dean
suspicion
toon the
his
m i
mind statementsthat
he had
a s toL'Arenogeievlieedr
having
poison from the prisoner, and said, if that were true, they
toqwerelac fromt
hi t l
Bth quantity asked
grains,
artiio believe
arsenic
oe
prisoner, in
which that he to
theorke
lurkedthe poisoned
s o
great cupa
and asfrwo ams st uh ffie c
hi eann t d tos
01
feaoveneonwhhoismst
be
e-
swuhs
ipeetic,t eadechoarddibnegetnopprarc.teishinrigstoinsohni,sli femight.
hI
at
vweaasmaedeonste.
ed to 240 grains. It was a dose that, so far as experi-
ence went, never was before successfully administered
by a murderer, and it was most difficult to conceive a
vehicle in which so great a quantity could be admini-
ste
red, far less to one who had his suspicions pre-
viously excited. Then the Crown bad shown that
the colouring matter of any arsenic could after- -
wards be fouud in the stomach, but their eitneases
say their attention was not called to that circum-
stance. Whose fault was that ? The Crown must
have known the importance of this inquiry, and the pri-
soner had no means of being represented in this chymi-
cal analysis. Such was the evidence of the last charge.
11 the case is a failure on the first and second charges, it
is a far more complete and radical failure in the last. In
fact, I have demonstrated that it was absolutely impos.
sible to bring guilt against the prisoner. It remains not
only not proved, but the whole evidence connected with
the proceedings of that day seems to go to negative such
a supposition. I might stop there, for nothing can be
mere fallacious than to suppose that it is for rue to ex-
plain how the deceased came by his death. His lordship
will tell you a defender in this court has no further duty
but to stand on the defensive, and maintain that the case
for the prosecution is not proved. No man living pro-
bably can tell h.eee L'A.ngeher came by his death ; nor am I under the slightest obligation even to suggest to you a
possible manner in which his death may have been corn- • passed without being at the hands of the prisoner. But
it is but fair that when dealing with matters of suspicion
and conjecture you should consider whether the supposi-
tions ou which this charge is founded are preferable in
reepeet of higher probability to other suppositions that
may be fairly made. The character of this man—his
origin, his previous history, the nature of his conversation,