The Sun.
London, England, 1861-01-24 00:00:00

,nirt

LAW LIFE ASSURANCE OFFICE,
Fleet-street, London, 3d January, 1861.
NOTICE IS HEREBY GIVEN, That a GENERAL
MEETING of Proprietors of the Law Life Assurance Society
will be held at the Society's Office, Fleet-street, London, on
SATURDAY, the 2d day of February nett, at twelve o'clock
at noon precisely, pursuant to the provisions of the Society's
Deed of Settlement, for the porpose of receiving theAuditurs'
Annual Report of the Accounts of the Society up to the 31st
day of December, 18,10; to elect a Trustee in the room of John
Henry Cancellor, Esq., deceased; and a Director in the room
of Richard Richards, Esq., deceased; and for general pur-
poses.

The Director to be chosen in the room of Richard Richards,
Esq., deceased, will remain in office until the 24th day of
J uue next.

By order of the Directors.
WILLIAM SAMUEL DOWNES, Actuary.

NOTICE.—BUCKLEYS' SERENADERS.—
LAS!' WEEK but THREE of the Season, owing to
several Provincial Engagements entered into previous to
their appearance in London. The Programme will be changed
every week so as to enable them to produce all their most
Popular Novelties, the Burleseue Operatic Selections will be
varied, ineludinc,, " Lucrez,a Borgia," " Cenerentola," " Tro-
vatore," and "La Sonnambula." Doors open every night at
hair past Seven. A Day Performance every Wednesday and
Saturday. Doors open at half-past Two. Stalls, 35.; Area,
2s. ; Gallery. Is.
St. James's Hall, Piccadilly,
19th January, 1861.

MR. W. S. WOODIN'S NEW ENTERTAIN-
MENT, the CABINET of CURIOSITIES-, POIA"-
GRAPHIC HALL. King- Wil'iam-street, Charifig-tross,
TO-NIGHT, and EVERY EVENING (except Saturday), at
Eir,rht. Private boxes, £1 Is. ; Stalls and box stalls, 3s. ;
area, 2s. ; amphitheatre, ls. -A plan of the stalls -may be
office
seen, and
from seats secured (without extra charrrt), at the Box-
-19. , 10 till 4. Morning- Performstyce, Saturday, Jan.

CHRISTMAS HOLIDAYS. —ARG Y L L
Room'
o.—GRAND MUSICAL ENTERTAINMENT
with t1...e
...e Celebrated BAND, Forty in number (established
(en years), chosen from the Philharmonic Concerts, Royal
Italian Operas, and the Ilousehold Troops. Conducted by
Mons. Lamotte. Cornet-a-piston, M. Boulcourt.—Dancing
at Nine o'clock.—is. admission.

THE NATIONAL ASSEMBLY ROOMS,
-11- High Holborn.—The most elegant entertainment in
the world. The dancing area is most extensive. The reading
and smoking rooms on either side of the spacious galleries are
replete with every comfort, and the refreshment rooms at-
tached to the ball room are unrivalled even by Oriental
beauty. The wines and refreshments are of the highest qua-
lity, and the band. conducted by Mr. Packer, stands alone for
its excellence. Admission, ls.

ROYAL NATIONAL LIFEBOAT
INSTITUTION.—The Committee of this Institution
earnestly APPEAL to the public for PECUNIARY ASSIST-
ANCE to aid them to meet the present heavy demands on
the limited funds of the Society. It has now 108 lifeboats,
some of which have saved last year 204 persons from a watery
grave.

THOMAS BARING, Chairman.
THOMAS CHAPMAN, Deputy-Chairman.
14, John-street, Adelphi, W.C.
Bankers—Messrs. Willis and Co. ; Coutts and Co. ; Herries
and Co.; and at the Institution.

URGENT APPEAL.—At this inclement Season
an overwhelming number of destitute Sick Persons
seek refuge at the ROYAL FREE HOSPITAL, Gray's-inn-
road, and the medical officers are frequently compelled, by
want of funds, to refuse admission to many deplorable cases.
Unless timely AID can be given numbers of these poor suf-
ferers must perish.
This was the first Hospital established on the principle of
free admission to the destitute sick, by their own application,
without letter of recommendation, and it relieved during the
last week upwards of 2,000 of the afflicted poor.
The Hospital is not endowed, but is wholly dependent on
voluntary contributions and legacies, which are received by
the Treasurer, Edward Masterman, Esq., Nicholas-lane; also
by Messrs. Coutts and Co. ; Drummond and Co. ; llerries and
Co. ; Ransom and Co. ; Prescott, Grote, and Co. ; Smith,
Payne, and Co. ; Glyn and Co. ; Jones Loyd, and Co. ;
Barclay and Co. ; Denison and Co. ; Williams, Deacon, and
Co. ; Overend, Gurney, and Co.; Nisbet and Co., Berners-
street ; Masterman and Co. ; and at the Hospital from 10
till 5.

J. B. OWEN, MA., Chairman of the Weekly Board.

TEA CHEAPER.
STRACHAN ct CO.'S
JUSTLY CELEBRATED
DRAWING ROOM TEA
Is now reduced to 4s. per lb. Guaranteed the FINEST and
CILEAPEST Tea in the United Kingdom.
26, Cornhill, London, E.C.

F 1 N E

PRESENTS.— ORNAMENTAL and SCIEN-
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and Dining-room, consisting of anew and elegant assortment
of VASES, Figures, Groups, Candlesticks, Obelisks, Inkstands,
beautiful inlaid Tables. Paper weights, &c., in Italian,Alabas-
ter, Marble, Bronze, Derbyshire Spar Are. Imported and
manufactured by JAMES TENNANT, Mineralogist to her
Majesty, 149, Stand, W.C., London.
Mr. Tennant arranges elementary collections of SHELLS,
MINERALS, and FOSSILS, which will greatly facilitate
the interesting study of MINERALOGY, CONCHOLOGY
and GEOLOGY, at 2,6, 10, 20, 60, to 100 guineas each.
PRACTICAL INSTRUCTION in GEOLOGY and MINE-
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DR. BUCHAN'S PATENT SUGAR-COATED
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trates. Sold by Buchan and Co., patentees, 22, Newman-street,
Oxford-street, London, W., and all chemists in town and
country. Prices :—Pills, per box, Is. lid.. 2s. 9d., and lls. ;
Ointment, per pot, ls. 14d., and 2s. 9d. ; Essence, per bottle,
lls., or family bottle containing four times that quantity, 335.
Agents :—Barclay, 75, Farringdon-street ; J. Sanger, 150,
Oxford-street Hannay, 63, Oxford-street; Butler, 4, Cheap
side ; Hooper, 43, King William-street, London-bridge ; R.
Howden, 78, Gracechurch-street ; Pront, 229, Strand, kc.
Just published, gratis, or post free fbr one stamp, to be had
of all Agents, and at 2? Newman-street, Extracts from Dr.
Buchan's Work, entitled, BUCHAN'S DOMESTIC MEDI-
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for the cure of every ailment incidental to man, woman, or
child.

S, GREAT MARLBOROUGH-STREET, W., NEAR
THE PANTHEON.
CULVERWELL, Member of the Royal
College of Surgeons, Licentiate of Midwifery, and Apo-
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above, on all cases of Nervous Debility, Languor, Incapacity,
Loss of Memory, Sterility, and all Functional Derangements
of both Sexes, emanating from early and excessive :indul-
gences

Has Just published, price le. ; by post, 11 stamps,
18 sealed,
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An entire new and orieinal Work, entitled
OURSELVES.
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MALE.
The modern treatment of Syphilis, Stricture, Illennorrhagla
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the Urinary Organs, with Prescriptions, dro.!
FEMALE.
The Physiology and Anatomy of Women—Functional Ir-
regularities in Health and Sickness—Choice in Marriage--
Their Expectancies and Disappointments—The Cause and
Removal of Sterility—The Theory and Symptoms of Gesta-
lien—Use of the Speculum. Also,
No. 1.
HEALTH, HAPPINESS, and LONGEVITY;
On Debility, Nervousness, Dyspepsia, and Indigestion,
No. 2.1
LOVE AND MARRIAGE :
Their Obligations, Happiness, and Disappointments; Love
and other Matches. Sterility Removed, and Healthy Off-
ipring scoured.:

THE SUN, LONDON, THURSDAY EVENING, JANUARY 24, 1861

PRUSSIA AND PHE GERMANIC
CONFEDERA VOA

MICE 4D. STAMPED, SD.

one. The aggregate yearly earnings of all the lines
in the kingdom are about £25,000,000. Nearly half
gees for working expenses, leaving, say £12,000,000
profit. This would provide a good 6 per cent. on the
ordinary share eapital ; but there are other claims
to be satisfied first, The interest payable on the
great railway debt amounts to nearly £3,500,000,
and other creditoza, under the name of " preferen-
tial" shareholder 3, exact almost as much more. In
the end a bare £6,000,000, instead of £12,000,000,
remains for the regular dividend, which, from a
po-qible 6 per cent., thus dwindles down ton.
There is the history of railway property in Eng-
le nd, and it can be read at a glance. As for the past,
that cannot be recalled, nor is there any longer a
fpossibffity that railway shares should be made what
they might have been. The utmost that can now be
done is to eec're-rs the costly follies which have pro-
duced such mischief, and to strive for moderate im-
provements by good management and judicious
economy. Thcre is no reason why railway property
generally should not pay 5 or even 6 per rent., nor
why shares should not mount to par. Much pro-
gress, in fact, has been lately made. The Share List
now ,shows nine considerable lines at a premium,
and others at only a trifling discount, but though
this is a material advance upon former reports, it is
not a state of things in which proprietors can con-
tentedly acquiesce. The case admits of something
better still. Accounts might be made more per-
spicuous and credit placed on a sounder basis.
There is nothing which the public desires more
than certainty, and even the worst may, be faced
.when it is quite certain that the worst is known.
;Then, again, it may surely be practicable to strike
off something from that ugly item of " compensa-
tions." Accidents at £20,000 apiece must needs
pull down a dividend, besides the disrepute which
they bring upon a line. The sooner this feature
of "working expenses" is obliterated the better it
,a ;11 be for all pasties.
Let us, hope, however, that, whether these
reforms are successful or otherwise, we may at least
avoid fresh shipwrecks in our new adventures. Let
the fresh £50,000,000, if the money is really to be
found, pay better interest tban the old £300,000,000
already embarked. We know exactly the rocks on
which we struck, and it will be hard if we cannot
avoid them. It is our belief that railways, fairly
and honestly constructed, form about the safest of
all investments for money. We doubt if there are
any two towns in the kingdom between which a
line might not be made to pay if its cost were
strictly limited to necessary works. Strike out of
the account law expenses, " preliminary" charges,
Parliamentary contests, extravagant designs, and
the thousand forms of professional rivalry—confine
the proceedings to the actual business of the con-
tractors, and we believe a certain interest of money
would be forthceming in any imaginable case.
Improve upon these conditions—that is to say,
make the line where it is clearly wanted for the
traffic of the district, with a good selection of
stations and termini, and remuneration is as safe
es possible. It has been now thoroughly esta-
blished that railway communication is sure t 3 pay
if the capital invested is kept within reasonable
limits. That is the o-re condition to be satisfied,
and. es it is perfectly compatible with fast-rate
work and liberal accommodation, we do trust i
may be observed in futr-e.— Times.

The Prussian lournalg prlvlish a letter, addressed
on March 3d, 1849, by Ernest Maiirlc,. Arndt to
the late King Frederic William IV., to induce him
to accept the crown of the empire of Germany, and
the King's answer, dated the 18th of the same
month. The following is the part of this answer in
which the reasons for refusing are given :
You beg Me to tttcept a crown which is offered
me. Let us first consider Ithn it is th-tt offers, next
what is offered. The great asscinh'. v'theh is
Called the German National Assembly, end of .
-Ozhigih a great part is composed of the best men of
Germany, has no crown either to give or to offer.
It has a constitution to elaborate in concert with all
the states of Germany recognised by Europe.
Where is these men's warrant for placing a king or
an emperor above the lawful authorities t) which
the* have taken oath ? Where is the council of
princes Which, Retarding to a custom which dates
from a thousand years ago, clette its kin and pro •
pc-es him for the confirmation of the people ?
Your assembly has been always epposeu to this
council, to the representation of the German sove-
reigns at the new centre of the nation. It is an
enormous fault, and its consequences pre now per-
ceived; everyone at Frankfort feels that in spite of
such labours, merits, and pure intentions, people
are labouring at a sort of impossibility. Do you
think that violent scenes, speeches, and parl'amen-
tary resolutions will render possible what is impos-
sible? But supposing, my dear Arndt, that the
fault had not been committed or could be repaired,
that the council of Princes and the people could
proceed to an election, and then offer me the ancient,
veritable, legitimate German crown, a thousand
years old, it would then be necessary to act, to
accept or refuse; but I should answer as a man
should answer to whom has been offered the highest
honour in this world.

But, alas ! it is not so. Silence alone becomes
me in presence of the message with which I am
threatened from Frankfort. I cannot answer,
and I shall not answer, in order not to offend
men whom I regard, as I do you, my old friend,
with ride and gratitude. For what will they
offer me? This birth of the revolution of 1848, is
it a crown ? It bears no sign of the Holy Cross ;
there is not stamped upon its front the seal of "the
grace of God ; " it is not a crown. It is the iron
collar which would reduce to the rank of a slave of

the revolution the son of 24 princes, electors, and
kings, the chief of 16 millions of men, and the
bravest and most devoted army in the world. As
the price of this toy I should have to break my
word, given on Feb. 26, to the Prussian Diet, to
attempt in concert with all the other German
princes an understanding with the German National
Assembly respectinc, the constitution of Germany.
But I will not violate that promise or any other.
It seems to me, my dear Arndt, that you share
with many others a grave error, viz., that the re-
volution to, be combated is only demagogy and
communism. The revolution is the abolition
of the divine order, the contempt and overthrow
of right and justice; it will live and breathe
its deadly breath es long as the order of things
is overthrown. As long, then, as the Ger-
man authorities have no place in the centre of
Frankfort, and do not sit at the head of the council
summoned to decide on the future of Germany; as
long e Sthat centre remains below the surface of the
revolutionary torrent, and lets itself be carried
away by it, so long it will have nothing to offer
that pure hands can touch. As a German and a
prince, whose " yes" is valid, and whose " no" is
worthy of consideration, I consent to nothing that
can humble my beautiful country and give it up to
the derision of its neighbours, and to the condem-
nation of history; I accept nothing which is below
my natural duties, or which places fetters on their
accomplishment. Lixi et lzberavi aninzam nzeanz.

THE RECENT OUTBREAK BY THE
CONVICTS AT CIiATIIAIIf.

The investigation ordered by the Home Secre-
tary into the recent disturbances and mutinous
conduct on the part of the convicts at St. Mi,i's
convict establishment, Chatham, was commenced
on Monday by Captain Gambier, the Vrector-
General of Convict Prisons, who arrived at
Chatham on that day, the investigation being held
in the Governor's office at the prison. Since Sun-
day the utmost tranquillity has prevailed through-
out the entire establishment, and no return of the
outrageous behaviour on the part of the convicts
which was witnessed last week has been attempted,
order and quietness taking the place of the former

This letter, my old friend, is for you alone. You
mill understand the necessity of the secrecy which
I urgently enjoin on you. But let my words sink
deeply into both your mind and your heart ; be
convinced that I cannot act otherwise without for-
swearing myself, and then reflect, talk with your
friends, with sensible and worthy persons, raise
your voice in Parliament, and demand what is
wanting at present and what is absolutely necessary
—legitimate and reasonable order.

turbulence and riot. There is now no doubt that
had it not been for the firmness and energy shown
by Captain Powell, the Governor, Sunday last
would have exhibited another fierce outbreak by
the convicts. Captain Powell, howeyer, having
leala that something of the kind was intended,

irected the whole of the warder's to remain on
duty in the establishment on that day, and at the
time the men were allowed to exercise themselves
on the parade-ground an extra number of warders
were stationed among the convicts, the remainder
being judiciously kept out of sight, but in readiness
to net immediately their services were required.
This manoeuvre had the desired effect, and, after the
convicts had taken their hour's exercise, they were
quietly marched into the chapel, where the service
was decorously performed, the Governor adopting
the same precaution during the exercise time in
the afternoon. From the result of the investiga-
tion instituted by Captain Gambier it has been
ascertained beyond doubt that the recent outbreaks
were led by a few most ruffianly characters,
on account of the failure of the plot which
had been concocted to enable a number of them to
effect their escape. The convict Peters, who was at
the head of the affair, was intrusted w ith the skele-
ton key for releasing the others from their cells.
As previously stated, this skeleton key was manu-
factured by one of the convicts employed in the
dockyard, where of course they have access to any
tools they may require in the work on which they
are engaged. Since the occurrence strict orders
have been issued to all the warders to use the ut
most vigilance over the convicts working in the
dockyard, in order to:prevent any of the tools being
used for an improper purpose. In addition to the
four convicts removed to Millbank on Saturday
last, Captain Gambier has directed three others of
the most notorious character, who took a leading
part in the late riotous proceedings, to be removed
from Chatham. Their names are Durant, Bayle, and
White. Durant has accordingly been removed to
Pentonville, and the two others to Millbank, where
they will be flogged, and be reduced to the lowest
class, and their period of probation commenced
again. It was expected that Captain Gambier would
have ordered a severe example to be made of several
of the ringleaders, by directing them to be flogged
in the presence of the convicts at Chatham, but for
certain reasons this course has not been adopted.
The leaders, however, will not be allowed to escape
condign punishment, 12 more having been selected
to be sent to Millbank, where, on their arrival they
will doubtless be flogged and also reduced to the
lowest class. The number ordered to be reduced to
this class, and all mitigation of their punishment
forfeited, is believed to be nearly 30. It should be
stated that a great number of the convicts refrained
from taking any part fn the recent outbreak, and
among these is Pullinger, wi;,?
has not long been
an inmate of the prison, where
he was sent
from London, having completed his 7robation.
A murderous assault was yesterday com-
mitted by a number of convicts on a convict
named Harold,while at work at St. Mary's Island,
adjoining Chatham Dockyard. Harold was believed
to have given some information respecting the
recent disturbances, whereby several of his fellow-
convicts were implicated. This deeply incensed
them, and yesterday a party of convicts, headed by
two men named Young and Johnson, seized a heavy
stone each, and rushing past the warders and
guard, reached the place where Harold was at work,
and commenced a murderous attack on I"nibi
Harold was soon overpowered, and there is up"huad
would have been seriously injured, if notkilled,
not several of the warders hastened to. his
h e assistanceo
and rescued him, seizing the leaders in tutrage
employed on the
convicts tdefending
conspicuousopcpnortunity for his
A stonecutter named Crowther,
island,Harol
d ,wwhaos made
threatened himself
by
rst
the
expected, be removed
isnhtoeurlfderbeneenne.urndaerreodldo:fiithoFt is
first
to another establishment, as his life is not safe at
Chatham. The same day a savage assault was made
in the prison by a convict, a mulatto, on a warder,
named Denbow. The convict had just left the bath
room, and was being conducted across to another
part of the establishment, when he suddenly turned
on the warder, knocking
him down,
and otherwise attacking him in the and kicking
most savage
manner. The cries of Denbow brought some one
to his assistance, when it was found that he was
so seriously
injured as to necessitate his removal to
the prison infirmary. The convict has been placed
in the punishment cell, to await an investigation
into his eonduct.

DOCICACCOMMODATION AT HULL.—The construc-
tion is proposed at Hull of an extensive dock and basin for
the accommodation of steamers and shipping on the fore-
shore to tho westward of the Humber-dock basin. Lines of
railway are to be laid down to connect the new dock with
the local railways, and street and approach improvements
are also contemplated. Altogether the expenditure will be
uPWarde of £500,000.