The Sun.
London, England, 1861-08-19 00:00:00

RUSSIA.

The following letter from St. Petersburg, of the
10th inst., gives some interesting particulars respect-
ing the proposed journey of the Imperial family to
the southern provinces of the empire :—" The de-
parture of the fnembers of the Imperial family has
commenced. The Grand Duke Constantine quitted
us the day before yesterday. He has gone to Nico-
laiev, and thence he wi:l proceed to the Crimea to
receive the Emperor and Empress. Her Majesty
leaves on Wednesday next. The Emperor will leave
four days later for Moscow, and thence proceed to
the southern provinces, where he will review the
troops and particularly the cavalry of reserve. The
troops are to be assembled for the review at Tchu-
guiev on the 22d inst. Thence the Emperor will
proceed to Nicolaiev to take a look at the naval
establishment there, and thence he will go to
Odessa. After a stay of two days in the capital of
new Russia, the Emperor will embark for the
Crimea. He is expected at Sebastopol on Sept. 1.
The Court is to be installed again at the Palace of
Tsarskoe-Selo on Nov. 1. The 20th is the anniversary
of the death of the Empress Mother, and an office
for the dead according to the rites of the Russian

__-
Church will be performed over her tomb on that
day. The Grand Duke Constantine, after having
received the Emperor and Empress in the Crimea,
will proceed to Stuttgard to meet the Duchess and
take her to the islands of the Hyeres. Although
the appointment of General Lambert to the go-
vernorship of the kingdom of Poland is not officially
announced, it is nevertheless irrevocably decided.
General Soukhozenett has asked for leave of absence
for a year. General Militune, who enjoys great
favour at Court, is definitively appointed Minister
of War. The appointment is very favourably ie-
ceived by the public. It is expected that Colonel
Anitchkov, who has written a treatise on military
stores, will be appointed to the superintendence of
the Commissariat Department. It is further said
that an inspector-general over the economical part
of the War Department is to be named with very
extensive powers.

DEPARTURE (LP THE RING 01
SWEDEN.

DOVER, SUNDAY.
The King of Sweden and his brother, Prince
Oscar, left this country on their return home
yesterday. The distinguished personages did not
travel by the same route. The King, accompa-
nied by his suite, and by Lord Harris, one of
her Majesty's Lords in Waiting, came direct from
London by the South-Eastern Railway; but Prince
Oscar, who holds the highest office in the Swedish
marine, travelled by the London, Chatham, and
Dover line, in order to make a short stay at Sheer-
ness for the purpose of inspecting its dockyard
and the national laboratories it contains.
His Majesty left till Bricklayers' Arms station by
a special train of the South-Eastern Railway at a
quarter past 4 o'clock, and arrived at Dover about
a quarter past 6, being received at the railway termi-
nus by Brigadier General Garvock, the commandant
of the garrison, and guards of honour of the 3d
Buffs and 64th Regiment, Mr. S. M. Latham, the
Swedish Vice-consul; Captain Triscott, the naval
naval superintendent of the port; the lion. Captain
Chetwynd, aide-de-camp to the commandant, &c.
The platform was covered with crimson cloth, and
his Majesty travelled in the state carriage of the
company. The railway station was thronged with
fashionables, but, thanks to the excellent arrange-
ments of the superintendent, Mr. E. T. Way, there
was no crowding or inconvenience. Mr. C. W.
Eborall, the general manager, Mr. S. Teulon, one
of the directors, and Mr. J. P. Knight, the superin-
tendent of the line, travelled in the Royal train.
Prince Oscar left the Victoria Station,Pirnlico, by
the oedinary 10 a.m. express-train, by which his
Royal Highness was conveyed to Sheerness. After
satisfying the object of his visit, the Prince pro-
ceeded on his journey at 2 40 p.m. by special train,
under the charge of Mr. Browne, the superinten-
dent of the London, Chatham, and Dover line, and
after a short stay at Canterbury, where his Royal
Highness ascended the mound of the Dane John, to
view the magnificent stretch of scenery it com
mends, reached Dover at half-past four. Here car-
riages had been provided, and his Royal Highness
on alighting from the train was driven to the Royal
Ship Hotel, where he made a brief stay, and then
walked on board the John Penn, Captain Mat-
thews, His Royal Highness was shortly after-
wards joined by the King, and immediately his
Majesty and suite were on board the steamer cast off
and made for Calais.

A Royal salute from the Castle batteries was fired
on the arrival and departure of the Royal visitors.

THE Q UEEN'S VISIT TO IRELAND,

The London and North-Western Railway Com-
pany, with that liberality for which it is proverbial,
have determined that so important an event as the
visit of her Majesty the Queen to Ireland shall not
be without some memento to mark so interesting an
occasion, more especially as this company are to
have the honour not only of conveying the Queen,
the Prince Consort, and the Royal Family to Ire-
land, but also throughout their subsequent journey
this season to Scotland. The directors, therefore,
determined to construct, for the accommodation of
her Majesty and Royal Consort, an entirely new
State carriage, of chaste and elaborate design, the
cost of which will be over £3,000. The design for
this magnificent specimen of railway carriage archi-
tecture has been in the main prepared by and carried
out under the direction of Mr. Cawkwell, the gene-
ral manager, and Mr. H. P. Bruyeres, the general
superintendent of the London and North-Western
Railway. Externally, the State carriage, with the
exception of its very tasteful and elaborate carving
and decoration, does not much differ in shape from
the newly-designed first-class carriages now in use
on the line ; it is, however, larger in every way. Tee
framework upon which the body of the carriage rests
is constructed of solid oak, handsomely carved and
highly polished, resting upon wheels of Mansell's
patent; the centres are also composed of the strongest
solid oak, the tires of which have been put on cold and
hammered, as affording a greater amount of security
than those manufactured under the ordinary process.
The carriage-body has three floors, first that of the
usual material, secondly a flooring of oak, and
thirdly a flooring of cork, which has the effect of
reducing vibration and of destroying or deadening
to a great extent the noise of the wheels while
travelling. At each corner of the solid oak frame
or buffer plank are projecting shoulders, consisting
of elaborately carved and gilded leaves. The body
of the carriage has its.panels painted of the beau-
tiful dark or Royal claret colour, bearing in the
centre the Royal arms, and on the side panels the
orders of the Garter, the Bath, and the Thistle,
exquisitely painted, the upper portions of the body
round the windows being delicately picked out in
white and gold. The roofs, for there are two, are
divided by a cornice composed of festoons of flowers
carved and picked out upon a white ground, the
projections of the roof, the upper one of which is
circular, having their projecting edges elaborately
gilt. The interval between the two roofs is also
perforated for ventilation. The interior of the
Royal saloon presents a coup d'ceil combining the
most refined taste and elegance. The lining is of
silver gray moire antique of the richest description,
festooned and fluted, the same material covering
the roof, divided into panels marked out by a rich
cord of the same colour. From the apex of the
roof descends a beautifully-constructed lamp of
very elegant design,:encircled by a carving of satin-
wood, in which material the whole of the cavings
are executed. At one end of the saloon is a sofa,
covered with tl e same material as the lining of the
carriage, and two easy chairs are fixed on a revolv-
ing axis, so that, while they cannot be epset, they
can be moved in any direction at the Will of the party
occupying them with the greatest ease. Above the
cork floor already described in the first instance has
been placed a thick drugget, and this is covered
over by a rich velvet-pile carpet, the ground colour
of the Royal purple, with a handsomely figured
border, manufactured expressly for the saloon. At
the other end is the retiring room, fitted with a
cabinet, washhand-stand, and all the appliances of
a boudoir, the carvings of the furniture being in
unison with those of the carriage, and executed in
satinwood, inlaid with tulipwood. An e,egant
axed table, of the same material, stands in the
centre of the saloon, which, with the mirror, gives
the interior the appearance of a very elegant little
room. The necessary pockets for the deposit of
books, papers, &c., are appropriately arranged ;
but, in addition to this, there are appliances for
converting this magnificent sitting-room into a
sleeping apartment by means of a very clever con-
trivance. Beds are introduced, which can be re-
moved with the greatest facility, and it is under-
stood they will be used by her Majesty and the
Prince Consort during the journey on their return
from Ireland to Scotland, thus avoiding the neces-
sity of staying a night at any hotel on the route.
The whole carriage is believed to be the most
elegant and complete that has ever been constructed,
and, on tee designs being submitted to her Majesty,
it is understood that she expressed her most cor-
dial approval of them. There will be two other
Royal saloon carriages in the train, one for the
Princesses, and the other for the younger male
branches of the Royal family and their respective
suites; and we understand that it is intended to
have a trial trip of the train to morrow (Mon-
day). The arrangements are that on Tuesday the
Royal train will be sent down from Euston-square
to Gosport via the South-Western Railway, there to
await her Majesty and the Royal family, on their
arrival at Osborne on the morning of Wednesday,
the 21st; that the Royal party will then be brought
up on to the North-Western line, and thence proceed
to Holyhead, from
which placyeae heri Majesty.victoria
a 1 Rilld
then embark on board the Royal
Albert, and cross the St: George's Channel to
carriagesDub-
lin.reeed
to London, and remain till about the 26th or 27th,
when they
The Royalvvi railway
will
ragain
ap
will
c to
Holyhead,thn return
arid
take her Majesty and the Royal family and suite
to Scotland.

M. Du Chaillu, the distinguished African tra-
veller, is
(says the Glasgow
_Herald) now skiving the hos-
pitalities of Lord Delhave4 at Wiehaw H 911,90,

VIE APPROPRIATION OF SEATS (SO

BURY AIVD ST ALBANS) ACT.

The following is the protest against the third
reading of the bill for appropriating the vacant
seats of Sudbury and St. Albans, entered on the
journals of the House of Lords, by Lord Strsith'
eden, who had before moved to refer the bill to
select committee :

Dissentient.
First. Because the third reading took place out °f
at
time order in which the bill stood upon the notice pap
time when public business was not expected to come °
g ;
and not upon the motion of the Minister in whose tiej:a
the bill stood, thus making it impossible for Peers who
wished to do so to take any part in this final stage. ,
Second. Because a former stage, viz., the second read
ing, had been virtually annulled, and moved pro forma „°13It
at an hour when by general admission it was not possible
to go into debate; all consideration of the bill being te
reduced to the single stage of going into committee 0°
29th of July.
Third. Because a resolution of the house has frequently
declared that at that period important measures canOtll6ve
the fall deliberation which they merit.
formed for
Fourth. Because a precedent has been thus f°"--
h And
without to the statute-book a measure of organic °--all:ficl
without the effective sanction of the House of Lords.
if such organic change as the public interest recitliresiv
now to be developed in a series of measures, and
eluded in a single scheme, the danger of such a pre
nt
being often followed is apparent.
Fifth Because while the bill has not had the e—ff
Ae ct
tic° st
sanction of the House of Lords, so neither has it be- htile
of either party in the Commons; the Opposition and
Government in that House of Parliament having both dto
dared in the course of the session that the vacant se'
ought to be otherwise distributed than by this bill tile',
are.
Sixth. Because so long as those seats were vacalltbse
notorious defect in the Reform Act might eventually of
remedied without increasing the members of the 11°11:esg
Commons ; the defect, in consequence of which, since is
distinguished public men, against the wishes of the cono4o
have been excluded from the Legislature ; and which to
from the want of corrective power in the State to re,:d
those whom the united body of the nation would Jape
chosen, but who, from local circumstances, have not been
;
chosen by any of the sections into which the country
general election is divided.
Seventh. Beause the existence of such a vice in the
Reform Act is convincingly established by the fact that'
since 1832, Sir William Molesworth, Lord Macaulay, 11:fr
Carlisle, Sir Edward Lytton, Mr. Bright,:Mr. Cobden,
Milner Gibson, and the late Mr. Bernal, amongst dirge;
have, after general elections, been kept out of Parliatnelitt
while the public could not be said in any of these cases o
have either caused or sanctioned the exclusion.
Eighth. Because to form any system by which the castle'
deficiencies of a general election might be afterwards re.
moved, according to the interest or voice of the commule
the four vacant seats, if not essential, were desirable, as
space to build on ; while they are now appropriated itt,,
manner which no necessity dictated, which meets 110 PO I'd
lar demand, which takes away no public inconvenience, 911
bestows no kind of new advantage on the empire.
Ninth. Because the defect to some remedy of which thel
seats might have been devoted leads to serious results beY,,°ll,
a palpable anomaly. An anomaly of this kind occurs When
a State, however firm in its opinion that given individuals
ought to serve it in its representative assembly, Its ;10
power to return them if they have been outvoted by a cu''
local body at a general election.
Tenth. Because before 1832 the States bad the pocetc:
question through a method it is not now desirable to A
again into existence, the Opposition and the Governt°l7,,
possessing at that time the means of bringing into rt`rmd`i-
ment, by the boroughs which each had at its disP°7;
distinguished men whom the general election had[n't
eluded. It is only, therefore, necessary that an in2l9°r`s,,ie
end which was gained for many years by objections%
means should be now seemed by means which are legit'
mate.

Eleventh. Because whatever means are now resorted
to invest the State with this necessary power, the vale
seats having been appropriated, such means can only
og
applied by increasing the number of the House of Cornal%
beyond a point which is generally felt to he excessive.
,rder, therefore, to remove one evil in our representatem
arrangements, it becomes essential in some degree to eggil,
vete another, a dilemma into which States may be forced by
various events, but which it is against the rules of poll/ 10
choose and to create by doubtful legislation.
i Twelfth. Because among the results of the evil which
has thus become more difficult to remedy, the State may '1;
and has been, in this manner deprived of official talent it
requires, but which can only be exercised in conjunctiola
with a seat in Parliament. Beyond this, until the cotter/
has the power, after a general election, of calling to its re'
presentative assembly these whom it deems erroneously el'
eluded, public life must always be embraced with the risl‘
of an unauthorised and arbitrary exile such as no other
career involved ; it cannot, therefore, be embraced by marl
whom the State would moat desire to draw into its service.
In effect it is confined to the few whose property or family
insure a permanent connection with a county or a borough+
and at every change in the Reform Act these few are likely
to become fewer.

Thirteenth. Because, apart from the public wrong, 011ie
vacant seats might have been devoted to removing a
which increases the number of the county members by re'
ducing the number of the borough members, and forms or
stituencies open to none but persons locally connected with
them, in place of constituencies at which all public we°
might equally be candidates, appears retrograde in charac-
ter, and ought not to have been passed without a greater
show of argument to vindicate it.
Fourteenth. Because the gift of two seats to the West
Riding of Yorkshire, not to come into use until a disco'
lution, is an uncalled for sacrifice of the deliberative free:
dom which might have otherwise employed them, and is 0"
present gain to the locality it favours. The right of Iv,: " 'lament to deal with those two seats is without benefit '
any interest abandoned ; and neither precedent nor Poll/
imposed upon the Legislature the duty of appropriating
the four seats in one measure, becoming vacant, as they
did, at different times and under different acts of Parlia-
ment.

STRATHEDEN and CAMPBELL•

THE IRISH HA.RVEST—GENERAL P.ROSPiaIS

(From the Dublin _Evening Post.)
Hitherto our reports have been favourable, and still le°
indulge strong hopes of a good harvest, notwithstanding
the changeable weather and the vast quantity of rain fall-
inn at this critical period in the month of August. The
telegraphic reports yesterday announced rain in every Par.
of Ireland but one—the fortunate exception being Portruelf
a watering place on the northern coast near the Glade
Causeway, which has been rendered somewhat celebrated
by a railway erected by Mr. Dargan, by his own private
enterprise, between that town and the thriving manufav
turing town of Ballymena. Everywhere else, all day yes'
terday, there was a steady down-pour of rain, saturating
lands before quite moist enough. But it is still more re'
markable that the telegraphic reports from Great Britaittr
with a single exception, men' ioned the prevalence of fine
summer weather throughout England and Scotland.
The continuance of heavy rain yesterday had a depress"
ing effect upon all classes of people in this city, especial',
mercantile men, who have had experience of the serious
injury that has resulted from short crops in 1859, and
very deficient harvest in 1860. Many farmers have since,
been living and paying rents partly out of the profits of
previous years. Traders and shopkeepers have suffered
from a decrease of business and a falling off in profits ; and
many of them are now cautious about laying in stocks for
autumn or winter, until they ascertain the fate of the har-
vest, upon which so much depends for the recovery of trade
and the restoration of confidence.

We are assured that there is a flue and even an abundant
harvest in America, from whence the United Kingdom ha°
obtained considerable quantities of bread-stuffs in defi-
cient years ; but those supplies had to be paid for, and
thns the exhausting process that takes away much of the
wealth of the country has been continued. In some parts
of Europe—certainly in France, which has often sent us
supplies—there will be a somewhat deficient harvest; and
for some weeks there has been an active demand in the
English market on French account. It is an encouraging
feature that French purchasers ceased to press so much at
Mark-lane this week; and that the "brilliant weather"
yesterday, whilst there was a deluge here, caused ct a tie
dine in old English wheat left over from Monday of 2s. ta
3s. per qr. upon the prices of last week."

THE IRON TRADE.—The shipments of Scotch pig
iron during the present year as compared with the corre'
sponding period of 1860 exhibit the following results

1861. - 1860.
Month Tons. Tons.
ending Jan. 26 31,519 32,454
Feb. 23 29,738 25,278
M 30 .. 42,551
9) April 27 .. 62,622 46,923
50,585
)1 May 25 .. 65,637 54,488
Juue 29 .. 73,600 .. 52,925
), July 27 .. 48,304 47,846
ending Aug. 3 .. 11,971 10,949
), Aug. 10 .. 10,237 12,871
These figures show a total export of 376,182 tons in the las'
32 weeks, as against 334,324 tons in 1860, being an increase
of 41,558 tons. The totals do not, of course, include the.
quantities which have gone into consumption in Scotland
and through inland communications. The production la°
been reduced during the last six months, the number of far'
naces in blast in Scotland having been only 119 in July se
compared with 131 in January. The same dulness is ob.'
servable in other parts of the country, the number of fur"
naces in blast in England having been 256 in July as cora"
pareed with 276 in Januai y, and in Wales 129 as compared
with 145 in January. Altogether 48 furnaces are thus
shown to have been blown out ; and, assuming that a speedy
improvement does not take place, this year's make of Pia.
iron will probably be from 300,000 to 400,000 tons less tho
in 1860,

Week

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