The Sun.
London, England, 1861-09-06 00:00:00

THE SUN, LONDON, FRIDAY f?, NING, SEPTEW ER 6, 1861

ALFRED MELLON'S PROMENADE
CONCERTS.
THEATRE ROYAL, COVENT-GARDEN,
Band of nearly 100 Performers.
Aidlle. PAREPA Every Evening.
Commence at Eight. Promenade, One Shilling.
Conductor, Mr. ALFRED MELLON.

friIEATRE-RONAL, HAYMARKET.
Lemee, Mr. J. B. Barkstorae.

THIS EVENING the Ballet, BACCHUS AND ARIADNE.
Miss Fanny Wright, the Leelenge, Mr. Webster, &c.
After which, a new Comedy, entitled THE SOFT SEX.
Mr. C. Mathews, Mr. Bnckstone, Mr. Compton, Mr. E.Villiers,
Mrs. Charles Mathews, Mrs. Wilkins, &c.
To conclude With USED UP. Mr. C. Mathews.
Commence a' 7.

ROYAL LYCEUM THEATRE.
Manager-51r. Edmund Falconer.
EVERY EVENING, at Eight o'clock, the new and suc-
cessful comedy, WOMAN; or, Love against the World,
Characters by Messrs. Walter Addison, Herman Veen
Miss Murray"
J. Robins, Mrs. Charles Toune', Mrs. Weston,
and Miss Lydia Thomson.
Preceded by, each evening, the new and original farce
entitled THE FETCHES; or, The Onconvanience of Single
Life. Tim O'Reilly, Mr. Edmund Falconer ; Mary O'Brady,
Miss Lydia Thompson.
Prices as usual. Doors open at half-past 6, to commence at
7 Box-office open daily frona 11 till 5.

CANTERBURY HALL CONCERTS,
AND FINE ARTS GALLERY.
Selectimis from the followincr, Operas :—NORMA, TRO-
VATORE, TRAVIATA, MARTHA, UN BALLO IN
MASCHERA. The Comic department comprises the Prince
of Comic Vocalists, Mr. SAM COWELL, who will appear
at Nine
and a, quarter to Eleven o'clock—Mr. Marshall—
Messrs. Ilarvey and French, "The Nerves "—Mr. Wood
and his talented Son— and Miss Harriet Coveney.
Musical Director, Mr. Jonghmans.
Admission—Hall, ed.; Stalls and Balcony, ls.

THOXF O R D,
6, OXFORD-STREET.
EVERY EVENING.

A Grand Selection from Verdi's new opera, " Simon Boc-
caneg,ra" (now produced for the first time in this country), by
Miss Rlissell, Messrs. C. Greville, Tivoli, Greene, Morley,
and Herbert ; also from Verdi's " Macbeth " by Madame
Enderssohn and the entire Company. Full band and chorus.
Conductor, Mr. F. Jonghmans. Varied Comic entertain-
ments by Messrs. M. P. Foster, Sam Collins, Harvey and
French (the Nerves), E. Marshall, and W. Randall. Hall,
sixpence; Balcony and Stalls, one shilling. Private Boxes,
10s. Bd.

HIGH WATER AT LONDON BRIDGE.
DAY.—Morning, 2h. 40m.—Afternoon, 2h. 58m.
To-moßnovr.-Morning, 3h. 15m.—Afternoon, 3h. 36m.

THE WEATHER.-Sux OFFICE, SEPTEMBER 6: 186].

THERMOICETICR7 IN TIM SHADE.
73—highest since noon yesterday.
62—lowest this morning and during the night.
71—this day at noon.

BAROMETER-29.85.
WlND—Westerly—light; with dull, cloudy weather.

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THE SUN.
LONDON, FRIDAY, SEPT. 6, 1861.

Mr, ROEBUCK is, for once, so exceedingly dull in
taking a joke (but then it is true the joke is against
himself!) or (still worse !) he is so excessively dis-
ingenuous that he reads, or affects to read, PuncA
this week literally ! Never was there such an
absurdity as this. Everybody has, of course, seen
the comic cartoon in Punch this week, and heartily
laughed at it. There is JOHN BULL, farmer
fashion, in his top boots and his low crowned hat,
with a swingeing cudgel trifled in one hand-
-gawking about the streets, with apparently
nothing in the world to do—quite " a gentleman
at large." We should say, perhaps, judging from
the rotundity of his corporation, " at very 4arge."
Without a notion -in his honest old' head
about the risk there is, in these wicked times,
of .a country gentleman's heels being dogged
by those light heeled gentry the Dog-
stealers ! Sneaking round the corner with Farmer
BULL'S favourite little watch-dog " Tear'em"
tucked under one larcenous arm—comes upon tip-
toe—in the very act of bolting with his prey—one of
these very dog-stealers. More recognisable,as he is,at
once from the preternatural spindling of his shanks,
than even from the Imperial crown upon his head
—one sees at a glance that the dog-stealer, who is
thus feloniously making off with Tear'em, is no
• other than his Majesty the Austrian Emperor
FRANCIS JOSEPH. Altogether it is a capital hit
from Mr. PUNCH'S baton. A hit administered to
the' right nail, exactly on the top of its head. As
smart a rap, probably, as Mr. ROEBUCK has ever
received over his knuckles since he was a little
boy, in a skeleton suit, seated at his
desk trying to make pothooks, or to cast
up a very simple sum in addition upon
his slate, and doing the one or the other very badly.
About the funniest thing in the whole of this droll
picture in Punch, being by the way the sweet
complacency of countenance with which " Tear 'em"
(usually, as we all know, rather cross-grained than
otherwise) is 'allowing himself to be run away with
by the Imperial Austrian Dogstealer !
But the delightfully absurd part of it all is—the
preposterously dull or disingenuous way in which
Mr. ROEBUCK takes it !
There is the usual Cutler's Feast at Sheffield
yesterday. The Banquet takes place in the Cutler's
Hall. The Master Cutler is in the chair—if not
exactly to carve for the guests as might well
become a Cutler, at any rate to preside
over the proceedings. Earl MANNERS is
there there are one or two other Lords
—there is a right hon. gentleman—there are seve-
ral hon. gentlemen, including amongst them this
last set, the hon. and learned gentleman the member
for Sheffield. Now the recent sayings and doings
of Mr. ROEBUCK in regard to Austria, in his newly
chosen part as the champion of the Austrian EM-
PEROR, as the apologist of the Austrian Govern-
ment, have long since come to be pretty notorious
throughout the country. We have commented
upon them ourselves time and again, these last
erratic vagaries indulged in by Mr. ROEBUCK in
respect to the Government of Vienna and his Impe-
rial Majesty of Schoenbrnnn. As a matter of course
when the cloth is drawn yesterday at the close of
the Cutler's banquet down at Sheffield, matters
political are talked of over the wine,
as the custom always is upon these occa-
sions among those Sheffield blades (keen or blunt,
as the case may be) in their character as free
thinking, outspoken Englishmen. Equally, as a
matter of course—under the circumstances—Mr.
ROEBUCK'S Austrian leanings are touched upon
by several of the speakers (Earl MANNERS among
them), and are " touched up" into the bargain. Late
in the evening—his only opportunity, his earliest
opportunity—Mr. ROEBUCK riles in answer to
the toast of " The health of the borough members"
—rises to repudiate the charges directed against
him. He is evidently very sore upon the subject
indeed. He is excessively angry with the Press.
:He is extremely indignant with Earl-MANNERS. But
most galling of all—there is Punch. Sa—sa! a hit, a
palpable hit. What says Mr. ROEBUCK about it
Why, he actually goes the length, in his anger, of
being thus obtuse in regard to the joke of the carica-
turist, or, as we have said, thus disingenuous. " There I
: u e , y
wo a rs
was a thing ,"he remarked—aha! e
knuckles are evidently yet tingling h
a thing in Punch bandied about that day, in which
the Emperor of AUSTRIA was represented as having
run away with the dog Teafern ': but," asked
Mr. ROEBUCK triumphantly (as if that were the
point of the jest!), "had he run away with the
dog ? WAS
RE NOT HERE:' " Observe l—like an
extremely dull man, one who can't for the life of
him take a joke, or, when one is made, in any
way rewgnise it—Mr.
ROEBUCK hereby gravely

1 assumes that Punch implies that he (Tear'em)
has been run off with, literally, in the body !
And not" metaphorically and humorously, in the
spirit, in all his hopes and predilections ! The force
of dullness surely could not very well go further
than that ! No—even Punch himself will of course
admit the fact insisted on by Mr. ROEBUCK, the
fact namely that, in his bodily form, Tear'em is
still here in the midst of us, as large as life—or, if
we are to be so extremely precise or so excessively i
matter-of-fact in our language, let us say as small 1
as life. But—Tear'em's heart! How about that ?
Why Mr. ROE BUCK is latterly never tired of telling
us. It is as surely of late in Vienna,
has Mr. BRIGGS'S heart at the present
moment (wherever his fat frame may be
supposed to be) is in the Highlands ! Wretched
though it is at all times to expound a jest—or deli-
berately in cold blood to explain a pun—there is
Punch's joke (at Mr. ROEBUCK'S expense) with the
bloom taken off it, quite at Mr. ROEBUCK'S service.
And we hereby proffer the joke—now that it is ex-
plained—to Mr. ROEBUCK, for the cool reconsidera-
tion and reapplication of it !
After Mr. ROEBUCK—with an obtuse affectation
of wonder as to what all the people could possibly be
laughing at!—had exclaimed thus last evening, "Was
he not there" (at Sheffield)—instead of having been
kidnapped and carried off bodily to Vienna ! After
having made himself utterly ridiculous by this un-
toward exclamation, we must certainly admit at
Duce that the hon. and learned gentleman forthwith
put to all who were listening to him yesterday at
Sheffield—puts now to all who will read him in the
newspapers throughout England—a very pertinent
'question indeed. " And what," asked Mr. ROE-
BUCK, " What had the Emperor of AUSTRIA done
to make him follow him away ?" What, in truth!
We don't believe for one instant—as some have
shamefully insinuated—that his Imperial Majesty
has thrown anything in the shape of a sop to
Tear'em, any more than we believe, in
such a contingency, that he, Tear'em, would
have gobbled it up. We know Tear'em
better. We don't look upon him as in the
least like Cerberus. He, at any rate, is not to be
"hocussed" in that disgraceful way—like the disrepu-
table cur last mentioned, the Plutonian Watch-dog
who (whatever he might have found " two heads"
to have been) certainly did not—in the famous
instance of the sop—find three heads to be " better
than one."

But—Mr. ROE➢UCK has his own explanation
to give in answer to his inquiry about the
Emperor of AUSTRIA. "Why," he exclaimed
indignantly last night at Sheffield, "he (the Em-
peror of AUSTRIA) had only done what every Con-
stitutional Monarch would do—he had given his
people constitutional Government." Mr. ROE-
BUCK really talks all this while as if this was the
first time anyone had ever heard of an Emperor of
Austria, or any other despotic ruler in Europe,
vouchsafing to his subjects the form of a Consti-
tutional Government ! Why, in point of fact,
this is about the stalest thing going, about the most
threadbare policy that could be talked of, about the
most thoroughly used up dodge that the crowned
heads of Europe, particularly the Emperors of AUS-
TRIA, have ever resorted to. We are sick and tired of
hearing of these bran-new constitutional Govern-
ments presented—with a flourish—to this nation
and to that by its despotic Ruler and Lord Para-
mount. Whenever an Emperor or a King gets
into difficulties—financial or otherwise—out comes
one of these preposterous Constitutions. Whenever
his Imperial or Royal Majesty finds himself strong
enough once more to do without them—away goes
the Constitution—with his High Mightiness's oath
into the bargain—away it all goes into some name-
less lint» Ent. such broken pledges and discarded
lumber, some nameless limbo presided over, we may
presume, by the ghost of the Abbe &EYES, and
provided with innumerable pigeon - holes.
It would be difficult, we should say, to
calculate how many of these wonderful
boons in the shape of constitutional governments,
were given to the Neapolitan people (with Royal
Oaths enough to frighten all the Quakers in the
land out of their senses merely to think of!) by his
late Majesty King BOMBA, father and predecessor
of his ex-Majesty King BOMBINA ! That, just by -
the-way—as a mere case in point. But the Emperors
of AUSTRIA have done their " little all" too in the
same manner. . They have given constitution after
constitution, or the offer of them at any rate, to
this portion and to that portion of their
motley dominions, until we are tired of count-
ing them up. And, forsooth, we are now to begin
wondering with Mr. ROEBUCK—who must all this
while, in Austria's regard, have been peacefully
sleeping the sleep of Rip Van Winkle somewhere in
Dreamland—we are now, forsooth, to begin wonder-
ing with Mr. ROEBUCK over the exceeding novelty
and the Arcadian benignity of an Emperor of Aus •
TRIA'S coming forward as the inaugurator of a
constitutional form of Government. gthis is really
and truly all that Mr. ROEBUCK has got just now to
tell us-Lhe had better go back at once to the skittle-
ground of the giants and have another quiet snooze
of it, like the Rip Van Winkle of Politics, as he is.

If there be one practical question which is forced
upon our attention just now by interest, by philan-
thropy, by patriotism, we might almost say by the
voice of Providence itself—it is that of Cotton. The
millions of English freemen, the millions of negro
bondmen, the millions upon millions of our Indian
fellow subjects, all bid us turn to account the
righteous retribution which has visited the great
slave cotton Republic. It is a political cotton rot;
and if the remedy seems to lie more immediately in
the hand of man than it did in the case of the Irish
Potato rot, it may prove not to be really more so.
Two sets of human beings, with their passions and
wills bitterly set against each other, are little more
amenable to reason than a physical disease on the
tuber of a plant. Such, indeed, is the prospect of
the protraction of the war ; and such the rooted
conviction of both sides, that in preventing the
export of cotton lies their strength, that we may
expect that both will aim at the same object.
The North believes that blockading the Southern
ports and preventing its export of cotton will de-
prive their opponents of money; the South believes
that England and France will be driven to break
the blockade, and to recognise Southern independ-
ence, to secure the supply so indispensable to their
manufacturing millions. If, indeed, the two powers
refused to recognise the blockade, they could do it
with diplomatic impunity, since it was America
whe, about two years ago, proclaimed to the world
the doctrine that no power could blockade its own
ports ! We shall not, however, follow their example,
and unless smugglers settle the question in their
own way, diplomatists will leave the blockade where
it is, and we shall be cut off from 85 per cent. of
our usual cotton supply till American wrath cools,
and American quarrels are settled.
Nothing, therefore, could be more appropriate
both to time and place, than Mr. BAZLEY'S paper
read yesterday at Manchester. The magnitude of
the cotton trade is only to be described by figures
which, like those of astronomy, baffle all our powers
to conceive them ; thus, it is computed that during
the last 50 years upwards of twenty billion pounds
weight of cotton from all sources have been consumed

in Great Britain, and the value would be probably
not less than £750,000,000 sterling, or might equal a
sum of the amount of our National Debt, the chief
supply having been obtained from the United States
of America. Upon a fair computation the import
of that material, which has so largely employed the
capital and labour of this country, has yielded a
profit of not less than £1,000,000,000 sterling to
the people of the United Kingdom within that
period. The wonder is that so large a supply of
cotton could be procured from that one source, the
United States; not less, as we have already observed,
than eighty-five per cent. coming thence, while
other countries furnished bat eight, and our own
colonies but seven per cent. of the remainder.

The importance of the cotton supply can there-
fore hardly be exaggerated. The labour expended
on it is the only means by which a population equal
to that of European Kingdoms purchases the ne2es-
saries and comforts of life. " With the growth of
this industry," observed Mr. BAZLEY, " five millions
of our population have become, directly and indi-
rectly, dependent upon it for their subsistence ; and
the productiveness of their capital and labour, in-
eluding the raw material, was for the last year
nearly £80,000,000 sterling. Of this large value
£25,000,000 of cotton manufactures were absorbed
in the consumption of the people of the United
Kingdom, and there remained for exportation
£55,000,000. The estimated capital engaged in its
fixed and floating investments is £200,000,000.
The people employed and connected with it exceed
the population of the kingdom of Belgium, of Hol-
land, and of Portugal ; the national treasury receives
from it an amazing sum in aid of the expenses of
the State, and a commercial marine of un-
paralleled magnitude derives support from it.
Surely Mr. BAZLEY and the Cotton Supply
Association have the best right to reiterate their
appeals to both the Government and the manufac-
turers of Lancashire to bestir themselves in the
modes appropriate to each. Hitherto, by a strange
infatuation, the Manchester Cotton Lords have
been the slowest to act, and the Government with
all its shortcomings has shown more zeal at this
crisis than those who must close their mills unless
they can procure cotton from other sources than
America. These gentlemen hav9 a very comfor-
table belief in the all-coming-right principle; high
prices and the smuggler, and above all—luck, will,
they think, save them the trouble of looking out for
themselves. The commissariat of their looms and
spindles is, they fancy, no business of theirs
Possibly the stern old teacher may yet give them a
lessen.

Of course, India is the grand hope of those who
look to our own colonies. The quality of Indian
cotton, Mr. BAILEY tells us, is even now such that
it would do for 75 per cent, of our manufactures ;
the labour too is there, and the land is there, if
only we could get it; but the land grievance
seems to be the great one. We have all that wa
need in climate and labour, and we are, at last,
improving our communications in India ; but, as
Mr. BAILEY says, "it is a national reproach to us
that we have permitted our own fields to be uncul-
tivated, and that our spinners and manufacturers
have been driven by necessity to consume the pro-
duce of slavery. Lacking the means of communi-
cation and of irrigation, the resources of the East
Indies remain in much the same dormant condition
in which they have been for 2,000 years, but
brighter prospects are opening in that great depen-
dency; railways are being constructed, canals
formed, river navigation improved, and works of
irrigation promoted. One great defect is, however,
retained with perverse tenacity. The tenure of land
is obstructive alike to the rights of individual owner-
ship and to its ejjective cultivation. Without doing
the slightest wrong to the holders of any land, its
equitable transfer might be sanctioned, and a
landed proprietary as influential as in our own
country might be established. Protection to life
and the rights of property, with every other just
adjunct of good government, will inevitably lead
to prosperity."

On this land question the Indian authorities
seem very slow to act. Some years ago Mr.
BAZLEY had waited on Lord STANLEY when he
was Indian Secretary, with a deputation on the
subject. His lordship sent out a very decided
minute on the subject to the Indian Government,
but to this moment it had not been acted on ! Tha
grand allurement to capital, simplicity and secu-
rity of tenure, was still withheld. Nothing is more
entirely in the power of Government than the sale
of the vast extent of waste lands in India to public
buyers, which was what Lord STANLEY ordered.
Nothing would be more likely to issue in the
creation of splendid cotton estates ; yet this one
thing the perfunctory, or obstinate Indian Govern-
ment has net done—not done, even though ordered
to do it as a measure of Imperial policy.

It is very rarely that Americans hear their con-
duct fairly described in Liverpool and Manchester.
Mr. BAILEY, however, speaks out and characterises
the wrongs committed by the North on the South,
and by the South on its negroes, and our own dis-
gracefully tame submission to American commercial
injustice as they deserve. The following remarks of
the hon. member are well worth reading ; we hope
they will also be read from New York to New
Orleans on the other side the water :
" Of the commercial policy of the United States of
America censure can hardly be too severe. In the
Northern States protection has prevailed, and the
people of the South have been compelled to pay ex-
travagant and monopolist prices for the maiufac•
tures produced by their own agricultural labour,
and which, in the form of cotton, has been received
in this country free from every tax. The North
has robbed the South by unjust exactions, end the
South has robbed the negro, of liberty and life.
Why tho British manufacturer has tamely submit-
ted to an import tax of 30 per cent. upon cotton
goods entering the States of America, while the
raw cotton, the growth of those States, has been re-
ceived here free from tax or impost, without making
an effort to procure supplies of his raw material
from free labour, with the right to send free ex-
ports in exchange, can only be accounted for by
the anxiety to possess an apparent immediate benefit
at the cost of advantages more enduring, but which
could only be regarded as of prospective or future
possession. Partial and unjust government has at
length reaped the fruit of convulsion, and for which
unjust policy had sown the seed. The North has
taxed for its own protection and advantage the
people of the South and their industry, and the
South has held in degradation, oppression, and
slavery the labourers who have enriched their
owners. Mutual wrongs have been committed,
and hitherto no just object appears before the
world as a cause of the lamentable struggle which
is exhausting both of them ; but slavery is doomed.
A protective system has been fostered in the North,
founded very extensively upon the pirated inven-
tions of this country, and by the regency of which
our manufacturers have been largely txcluded from
the markets of the States. Even their very litera-
ture has been abstracted from the intellectual facul-
ties of those in their fatherland who have only their
cultivated minds and soul-breathing thoughts for
their inheritance."

It is but too true that we deal with no power so
grasping and ungenerous as the United States have
been. Their whole commercial policy has been a
model of commercial selfishness.

L w
-02.4 y
A T

TURIN. SEPT. 6.
The Chevalier Joseph Launoy, Representative of

Belgium at the Court of the Ring of Italy, is dead.

PARIS, SEPT.

• The illoniteur of to-day says :—" Several foreign
journals make comments upon tho pamphlet ' The
Emperor, Rome, and King of Italy,' which are void
of all foundation, and to which the Government
opposes a formal denial."

THE MAGAZINES.

the DuVin University Magazine.

" Macaulay's Last Volume" is the first subject
under consideration in this number, The article
is written with ability, and w© meet with some
true observations concerning that illustrious man
who has passed away from us. Yet, on the other
hand, in some passages there are strictures to
which many readers will not subscribe. For in-
stance, even in praising the "Lays of Ancient
Rome," it is said they are not the highest flights
of ballad poetry; and again, when descanting on
his style, it is observed,—" Never rising into the
grand organ roll of numberless passages in Car-
lyle—seldom surprising you with hits of happy
thought, expressed in the happiest words—never
mastering all your senses with so fearful a piece
of word painting as that which reveals all Paris
hurrying under one mighty impulse to help on the
great work begun in the Champ de Mars ; it still
moves steadily on, at the same fair level, through
a succession of bright and picturesque scenes, whose
pervading trimness satisfies all but the most fastidious
eye. His most ambitious work will continue for many
a year to keep its firm hold on the popular admira-
tion ; but whether the New Zealander of some
distant future will think of its author as he stops
to gaze on the wreck of what once was London is
a point we care not to discuss at this early date."
These are opinions that will call forth an indignant
protest/from the many readers who have dwelt
with delight on the masterly sketches and the
glowing eloquence of those brilliant works that
will remain as a trophy of the excellence to which
our writers can attain in expression and beauty,
so long as the literature of England is read or its
language spoken. "An Only Son" is continued,
and consists principally of letters home from the
young soldier. It is an interesting instalment,
on the whole, and at the end of the last chapter
we are informed that " Meanee was at hand,"
and therefore we may expect that in the
next division we shall have some stirring
scenes. "Peter Brown's Black Box" is a very
lively sketch of adventures in Spain. It is
written in a very animated strain, and is sure to
please all who like amusing stories told in an
attractive style. " A Buddhist Legend," is a
strange anecdote of the Eastern lands, full of mys-
tery and marvel. " The Rivals of Kirshnapore"
is concluded, and is an effective narrative on the
whole. It certainly carries out in spirit the
letter of its text." Is this " the generation of love,
hot blood, hot thoughts, and hot deeds." " Primi-
tive French Industries ia another of those instruc-
tive and elaborate papers that ;put us au courant
with the affairs of our continental brethren, which
thus imparts to us really desirable knowledge in
matters of which no one would willingly remain in
ignorance. There are various other articles met
with, namely, " Military Panics," which refers to
the American achievements at Bull's Run. It is
said, "another such panic as this will kill the
Union ; for Americans more than any other people
—not excepting the French writhe under ridicule.
They would far rather aeknowlege the Confedera-
tion than fight and run away again." "Australian
Life," "The Irish Census," &c,, complete the con-
tents of an interesting number.

The New Monthly Magazine.

A lengthened article reviews" the unhappy posi-
tion of " The Once United States," and takes into
consideration their constitution, progress, and popu-
lation. Sir Nathaniel contributes a paper on John
Sobieski, which at the present crisis of Polish his-
tory will be read with interest. The story of " East
Lynne," which has for many mwiths occupied so
prominent a place in the pages of this magazine, is
this month brought to a conclusion. As we shall
take another opportunity of criticising the work at
length, we shall only say that most readers will
have already anticipated the termination. Though
the subject of the story is painful, yet the
style of this author is always natural and
attractive. The blank that will be left by
the absence of "East Lynne" will, happily for
novel readers, be supplied by a fresh story from the
same indefatigable pen, entitled " The Shadow of
Ashlydyat." W. C. Kent contributes another of
his graphic and graceful sketches of our English
poets at their country homes. Ho has chosen this
month to represent "Thomson at Richmond" en-
joying his suburban home in a state of luxurious
repose, befitting the author of the " Castle of Indo-
lence." " Granville de Vigne" is proceeded with in
its accustomed strain, and if the men and women do
not much resemble those we encounter in ordinary
life, the record of their sayings and doings is never-
theless amusing. Little Alma Tressillian reappears
upon the scene, and will probably figure as the
heroine of De Vigne's second romance. Mr. An•
dersson's interesting volume is the subject of an
attractive paper on the Okavango River, drawn of
course from the narrative of the first Englishman
who has been so fortunate as to discover its real
name and character. We have also a paper on
Gloucestershire, containing some observations on
prisons, and an entertaining account of ,=l),,lljr,
in Modern Times," which tells us many curious
anecdotes respecting the most ridiculous of doc-
trines in the code of honour. Here is an account
of a successful method of stopping the duelling
mania :

"The Duke of Brissac adopted a strange but successful
device in putting down duelling in his regiment. He pre-
tended to countenance the proceeding, but requested that
his officers, before fighting, which they did almost every
day, would report the circumstance to him. They agreed
to this joyfully. Next -day two made their appearance.
The duke inquired the cause of quarrel. As usual, it was
a mere matter of foolish contradiction. Certainly it is
worth while fighting for such a matter,' observed the duke.
And he gave them their conge. Next morning, at parade,
the two officers were present. What I' said the duke ;
the affair had no results, then ?" Excuse me, colonel,'
said one, holding up his arm in a scarf. I received a
sword wound.' Pooh ! a scratch. And a question of
etiquette, too I You must fight it out.' So the officers ha,i
to fight again, and one of them received a wound that
kept him confined three weeks to his bed. In the interval,
several others applied for permission to fight, but the
duke would not grant it; they must wait, he said, till the
first quarrel was settled. One day he met the wounded
officer taking fresh air, and leaning on the arm of a friend.
' What he said, on foot again ? Capital ! To-morrow
you can fight again, and let this affair be finished with.'
The two officers met again, and both fell dead. The
duke then summoned before him those who had requested
permission to fight, and he said he would grant them
their wish, but it must be to only two at a time, and in
each case he was determined to see the quarrel settled as in
the instance that had just occurred. The lesson had its
effect. The duke received no more requests for permission
to fight."

The French seem to bear the discreditable palm of
being the nation most addicted to this sport, and
many valuable lives have paid the penalty of a
mistaken idea of honour. In the days of the Empire
duelling was frequent, notwithstanding Napoleon's
openly expressed contempt for it—a sentiment
worthy of him who dubbed the tomb of suicide,
" the grave of a coward." The premature death of
the gifted Armand Carrel gave, we are told, a check
to the rage of duelling. The readers of the late
Lord Strangford's poems will remember the beauti-
ful verses which he dedicates to the memory of the
youthful journalist. Nicholas Michell gives us some
pleasing verses on " An Evening at Hastings," and
there ale other papers of varying merit.