The Sun.
London, England, 1861-04-19 00:00:00

SUN, LONDON, FRIDAY EVENING, APRIL 19, 1861.

eye detected in the young Scotch lord the posses-
sion of those rare gifts which have since then deve-
loped themselves into one of the most distinguished
reputations recognisable among our living adminis-
trators, then held the reins of office as H.M.'s Secre-

tare of State for War and the Colonies. This was no
other than the noble earl the present leader of hei
MAJESTY'S Opposition, Lord DERBY, obeying what
might almost be termed, without extravagance, in
this way, the instincts of his remarkable sagacity in
discrimination, requested Lord ELGIN almost imme-
diately upon his assuming his ancestral title to
undertake the Government of the island of Jamaica.
There it was, as Governor of Jamaica, that, during
five years, Lord ELGIN got his hand well " in" as
a Colonial Administrator. Scarcely had he
returned homewards from his five years
governorship of Jamaica when he was selected
by the Colonial Secretary for a similar post of far
greater distinction, and one consequently invested
with a far larger share of responsibility. He
assumed the government of the Two Canadas, and,
there, as Governor of the Canadas, remained
in power for no less than eight years consecu-
tively upon the opposite shores of the Atlantic.
By the time these eight years were completed
Lord ELGIN'S reputation as a colonial administra-
tor may be said to have been firmly and securely
and permanently established. So securely was it
established that no sooner was there manifested a
necessity for the selection of a man of more than or-
dinary capacities to undertake the conduct of the
Chinese negotiations, with a view to the satisfac-
tory settlement of the unhappy dispute which had
suddenly sprung up about the affair of the
lorcha Arrow, than Lord ELGIN was at once
fixed upon as the fittest person to go out
there to that end, entrusted with full discre-
tionary power and authority, as her Britannic MA-
JESTY'S Minister Plenipotentiary and Ambassador
Extraordinary. "I don't conceal from you," said Lord
ELGIN, at Dunfermline, " that there were some of
my friends who rather dissuaded me from under-
taking that task. It was felt in regard to the
China question, owing to circumstances which must
still be fresh in your recollection, that a very
divided feeling existed on the subject in the coun-
try, and that it was altogether a ticklish subject to
meddl with. I was told it was a cause in which,
if I succeeded, success might shock the conscience ;
and that if I failed failure would hurt the pride of
England. But I felt that the simplest rule for a
public man in all such cases—the rule I have always
followed, and which I shall always follow to the
end—was to undertake any public duty in which
his services might be useful to the country. Gen-
tlemen, I undertook that task, and I need net ask
you to-day whether I have any reason to repent of
it. And here lam after all. I have now been gone
for a great many years, and I have come back among
you not quite used up, as our friends the Yankees
would say, but still not so young as when some of us
became first acquainted." The chief part of the
noble earl's subsequent retrospections were directed,
it will be observed, towards that portion of his
negotiations which more immediately affect the
subject of our relations with Japan and the Japa-
nese. The delicacy of his position there he thus ex-
plains, " When I went to Japan in 1858 to
nogotiate a treaty I found myself there in a
very difficult position. In the first place I
had only a fortnight—owing to an obliga-
tion I was under to return to China to
arrange a tariff with the Chinese Commissioners
at a particular date—l had only a fortnight from
the day I left Jeddo in which to 'perform the
whole business ; and it is a curious thing that
I have never been allowed more than a foltnight in
such cases, for when I went to the United States in
1854 I was only allowed a single fortnight to nego-
tiate a treaty which has admitted the whole of the
products of British North America to free competi-
tion with the products of the United States in their
own markets, and which put an end to the risk of
collision on the subject of the fisheries between this
country and America—the most serious which has
presehted itself, at any rate, during the time that
I have been a public man "—that is, during an in-
terval now of fully twenty years past. It seems
almost ludicrous to note those arbitrary restrictions
of a great diplomatist upon two successive occasions
to a mere fortnight. Yet so it has been actually,
as Lord ELGIN remarks to his compatriots
at Dunfermline ; and that, moreover, upon two
occasions, one in the west, one in the east, of the
most extraordinary importance. It is like work-
ing diplomacy " under high pressure." Yet even
when so conducting our negotiations under all these
immense disadvantages—Lord ELGIN has accom-
plished wonders—England knows all he has accom-
plished. 'Whenever the present Coalition Cabinet
shall fall to pieces, as fall to pieces in the natural
course of things it needs must sooner or later—
so far as Reform is concerned, we would hope
sooner, so far as European tranquillity is concerned,
perhaps we woiid say later—it must acquit itself
of a debt of gratitude by according to the Earl of
ELGIN what he has already nobly earned upon
more than one occasion, his elevation to a Mar-
quisate.

SOUTHAMPTON, April 19.—His Royal Highness
the Prince Consort, attended by Colonel Ponsonby, Equerry
is Waiting, landed in the docks this morning, from her
Majesty's yacht Fairy, en route for London. His Royal
Highness on landing was received by Mr. P. Hedger and
Mr. John Levy, principal officers of the docks, and Mr. R.
Beach was in attendance on the part of the South-Western
Railway Company. His Royal Highness left the docks,
by special train, at half-past eight.
REMOVAL OF THE COURT FROM THE ISLE OF
Wianz.—According to present arrangements, the Royal
Family will leave Osborne on Saturday, the 27th, for three
weeks.

METROPOLITAN DRAINAGE.—The total length of
the sewers intended to be constructed by the Metropolitan
Board of Works for the main drainage of London is within
a few yards of 74 miles. The length executed at present is
not 19 miles, but above five more are in course of execu-
tion, and the total length contracted for is 46 miles.
DEATH OF LORD SIDNEY GODOLPHIN OSBORNE.
—The death of this nobleman is just announced to have
taken pace at his seat, Bartrams, Hampstead, where he
had lived in retirement for a long time. He was half-
uncle to the late and to the present Duke of Leeds, and
must not be confounded with the well known "S. G. 0.,"
the Rev. Lord Sidney Godolphin Osborne, brother of the
present duke.
MASSACRE OF A SHIP'S CREW.—There has been
another awful massacre at the Solomon group. Treasury
Island has this time been the scene of native treachery and
bloodthirstiness, the inhabitaants having destroyed the
American whaler Superior, and butchered 26 of her crew in
cold blood. The lives of six who had secreted themselves
were spared on the intercession of one of the chiefs, in order
that they might till the land. The two principal chiefs
divided these men between them, each taking three.
Captain Mair, of the schooner Arid, succeeded, after a
great deal of trouble, in rescuing three of these men ; but the
other three men still remainin captivity, and at the mercy of a
chief Copan, who had been the principal in the massacre of
their comrades. It was only by obtaining possession of a
relative of one of the chiefs, and by keeping him in irons
till the three men whom his kinsmen held in durance were
restored, that Capt. Mair succeded so far as he did. The
news was brought by the Rebecca, and one of the men be-
longing to the latter vessel was murdered at New Georgia,
during a treacherous attack upon a boat which was on a
watering expedition. It is to be hoped that prompt mea-
sures will be taken for the rescue of the three captives at
Treasuty Island, if still alive, and for the punishment of
the murderers. As it is Americans who have suffered, there
is more chance of such promptitude than if the murdered
crew had been British subjects, for the American Govern-
ment and its naval officers are more prompt in avenging
injuries to the citizens of their country than are the
Government and naval authorities of Britain,--Sydney
Morning avrar4.

LATEST NEWS.

TELEGRAPHIC INTELLIGENCE.

PARIS, APRIL 19.

The Moniteur, in its bulletin of to-day, gives an
account of yesterday's sitting of the Chamber of
Deputies at Turin, in which the following particu-
lars are contained :

Garibaldi accused the Ministry of having fomented
the fratricidal war in Southern Italy. The majority
of the members protested against this accusation.
After the speech of Count Cavour, Garibaldi
again spoke, and demanded that the nation should
be armed in the same manner as in England. He
designated the French army as an enemy of Italy,
because it occupied Rome.
Garibaldi indicated, as a means for reconciling the
different parties of the country, the re-organisation
of the army of volunteers and its immediate
despatch to the Two Sicilies, for the suppression of
all disturbances.

MADRID, APRIL 19

The Correapondencia Autograja says :

" The Government will accept the annexation of
St. Domingo as soon as it has been confirmed by a
vote of the people; and if no foreign Power pro-
tests against the incorporation of St. Domingo
with Spain."

BRESLAU, APRIL 18.

Advices from Warsaw; to the 15th inst., state
that the system of repression was extending there.
The negotiations with the Polish leaders had, until
then, been without any result. They inspired no
great confidence. The troops bivouacked in the
public squares. Foreigners, entering Poland are
subjected to a strict examination.

TURIN, ArRIL 18.

Garibaldi was present at to-day's sitting of the
Chamber of Deputies, and was received with such
an outburst of applause that the business of the
chamber was temporarily suspended. Garibaldi
took his seat on the left, at the side of Signor
Macchi.

Baron Ricasoli then put his interpellation rela-
tive to the southern army, and requested the
Ministry to state their motives for disbanding the
army of Southern Italy, and what prompted the
measures ordered to be taken for its reorganisation.
General Fanti, the Minister of War, defended
the measures which had been taken, and said that
the system of volunteering was not always favour-
able to discipline. He said it was impossible to
incorporate all the Garibaldian officers in the royal
army with the rank they previously held, He
justified the measures which had been taken with
regard to the Bourbon army and concluded by re-
viewing the state of the royal army.

Garibaldi then pronounced a speech so violent
that it excited a tumult in the chamber. He made
offensive allusions to the Ministry, against which
Count Cavour protested.
The President of the Chamber put on his hat,
and the sitting was suspended for several moments:
Garibaldi, in resuming his speech, spoke with
more moderation. He defqnded the conduct of his
comrades in arms, and said that the formation of
three divisions of volunteers as decreed was not
sufficient for a national armament.
General Bixio, who spoke with much warmth,
recommended concord and conciliation. His speech
was received with loud applause.
Count Cavour said he accepted the words of con-
ciliation expressed in the speech of General Bixio,
and declared that he would forget the unpleasant
incidents of the sitting. Count Cavour then gave
some explanation respecting the armaments, and
concluded by laying stress on the importance of the
present phase of the national movement.

Garibaldi explained several facts alluded to by
Count Cavour, and expressed his belief that Cavour

loved Italy. He concluded by explaining his
reasons for desiring the re-organisation of the
volunteers in Southern Italy.
Several orders of the day were then proposed,
and the discussion was adjourned till tomorrow.

CONSTANTINOPLE, APRIL 13.

The Government scheme for the issue of new
caimes has been published. It states that the total
amount will be 1,250 millions of piastres, which
will be issued by March next. In the meantime
the issue will be at the rate of 30 millions per
month.

An exchange bank, with a capital of 375 millions
of piastres, is to be established. The new notes
are to circulate all over the empire, and are re-
payable in 18 years.
The French Ambassador demands the execution
of the Hatti Humayoum.

FRANCE.

PARIS, APRIL 18.

A Paris letter in the Independance of Brussels
mentions the expected arrival in the French capital
of Count Andre Zamoyski, President of the Agri-
cultural Society of Warsaw, and of Count Potocki.
They will afterwards proceed to London, their
object being to solicit the intervention of France
and England in favour of Poland.
BOURSE, April 18.—The market has shown some
little buoyancy, and rather more/business has been
done at improved quotations. For the Account,
Threes are now at 67f. 90c. Railways firm, and
prices in many cases better. The following were
the last quotations :-
4i per per Cents'... 95 40 Credit Foacier 925
Do. end month.... 1 Belgian 4/
3 per Cents
Do. end month 67 90 1 Roman .
Dauk Mutt es 91455 I Austin s.n
Credit Mobilier.... 657 50 Spanish Threes —
Do. Account 660 Rome Debt

themselves in line in front of the castle. The people
were summoned to retire, but refused to do so
until the soldiers were recalled. The Viceroy
came out on foot, with a whip in his hand, and
cried to the people " domoi !" (go home), to which
they answered that they were at home, but that it
was for him to go away. The Viceroy, after a
moment's pause, which must have appeared an in-
supportable one to him, determined on returning to
his palace, and was greeted with derisive bravos,
hisses, and shouts of laughter on his way. A little
later he again came out, but this time on horseback,
and accompanied by a battalion of infantry. They
seemed to be undecided as to the course which should
now be taken. The people still filled in crowds the
square and the street. The soldiers were ordered
to advance in close order, then to charge, and thus
to sweep the streets. The troops advanced slowly
and the people retired ; they were then halted, and
ordered to shoulder their arms. The soldiers then
retired, followed by the people. The crowd was
begged to retire, and they consented to do so when
the soldiers should be withdrawn. On this being
done, the bravos of the people filled the air, after
which they quietly dispersed to their homes. Next
morning, it being a holiday, the streets were filled
with people. Several deputations from the citi-
zens were refused admission to the castle. At 4
o'clock, the body of one of those who had re-
turned :from Siberia and had died the day before
yesterday, was to be removed from the Protestant
church to the cemetery. About 20,000 followed
the hearse. Meanwhile a squadron of gens-
darmes, a sotnia of Cossacks, and a battalion of
infantry had formed in line before the castle,
where some cannon was also got ready. Several
people were walking in the street, mostly composed
of women. At 5 o'clock J— was returning from a
patient in the old town, and in passing from St.
John-street to the Castle-square he saw a cab, in
which were two women, attacked by gensdarmes,
who would not allow the cabman to go on to Pod-
wal-street, whither he said he was taking the
women. They struck him, knocked him down with
their sabres, and then took him to the castle with
the carriage. Just then an officer, accompanied by
a drummer, after beat of drum, loudly declared that
if the crowd did not disperse they would be fired at.
There were very few persons in the street at the
time. A postchaise passed, and the postilion played
the air "Poland is not yet lost." The officer again
advanced with the drummer, and again read aloud
the summons to retire. The same was repeated a
third time. The few people who were on the pave-
ment did not stir. But the crowds who were at
this moment returning from the funeral came:out
of Senator-street, singing hymns. The troops, on
seeing this compact mass of people approach, re-
ceived them with a volley. A great many were
wounded, and some killed on the spot. The erowd
threw away their sticks, fell on their knees, and
sang the national hymn ; and on this crowd, that
implored the justice of heaven, the troops fired.
They also fired in the direction of the Cracow suburb,
killing about 10, and wounding 100. Here, too, at
the first shot, the priests of tha church of the Ber-
nardins came out with their crosses, fell on their
knees, and sang hymns. The cavalry then charged
on them, throwing down and cutting to pieces all
in their way. The troops seized the dead and
wounded, and dragged their still palpitating
bodies to the castle. The others surrounded the
men and women who were kneeling before the
statue of the Virgin, and continuing their religious
hymns, ready to suffer martyrdom. Thus ended
this sad and dreadful day, on which the people
acted with a self sacrifice truly sublime. This
massacre of unarmed people, who had even thrown
away their sticks to avoid even the shadow of a
provocation, was a massacre much more sacrilegious
than that in Syria. Upwards of 30 were killed on
the spot, and more than 200 wounded ; but in order
to take away all proofs of the falsehoods the Go-
vernment was about to spread in Europe, the dead
were carefully kept from the hands of the citizens.
On Tuesday evening, the newspapers published a
narrative of these two days drawn up by the Go-
vernment. The Russians are, both by nature and
principle, false and deceitful. This time they gave
another proof that they are always the same. They
asserted, in the most unblushing manner, that the
people had attacked and killed two Russians. These
two Russians were soldiers belonging to the detach-
ment which acted as a patrol, and was just passing
the crowd in Senator-street, when the troops fired.
A certain Col. Reuter, I believe, who with Li prandi,
Chorlew, Kotzebue, and Painutin, were opposed to
firing on unharmed persons, on receiving the order
to fire, went into the Viceroy's rooms and blew his
brains out. During the night of Tuesday all the
dead who had been taken into private houses were
removed, and numbers of people whose names are as
yet unknown were arrested. The town is in a state
of intense excitement and anxiety. The people
wished to avenge themselves by re-enacting the
Sicilian Vespers. Fortunately the more moderate
party has succeeded in restraining them by pointing
out the uselessness and wickedness of such an act.

THE OVERLAND MAIL.

We have received our letters and papers dated
March 27.

(From the Botnbay Standard.)

We regret to learn fr3m the Madras press that
the whole of the Madras presidency is bordering
upon famine, the failure of the crops being more or
less general throughout its extent. A lull occurs,
we are glad to say in the cry of distress from the
North-West, where Government has made great
efforts to rescue the people from starvation. Bom-
bay has raised £1,20,000 and Calcutta I.!1,60,000
to supplement its efforts.

The publication of the Royal Warrant for the
formation of a Staff Corps in each of the Presiden-
cies has not done much towards enlightening the
Indian Army on its future prospects, Until the
details are settled by the Calcutta Committee, it
is impossible for any officer to decide whether or
not it will be advantageous for him to join this
Staff Corps.

The Bengal Chamber of Commerce is bestirring
itself to render the Baghdad-Constantinople tele-
graph line available for communications between
England and India, and the Supreme Government
has ordered an experiment to be made from Bombay,
ignorant apparently of how much has already
been done by the local government to bring this
country nearer to Europe through the Turkish
line of telegraph from Baghdad. Sir George
Clerk's attention was early turned to this most
important question, and a proposal was made
some months ago to the Home authorities to
sanction a fortnightly steam communication be-
tween Bombay and the Persian Gulf (either by
steamers of the Indian navy or by contract vessels),
with a view to avail ourselves of the Baghdad line
as soon as completed, and also for the general inte-
rests of our increasing trade in that quarter. The
proposal was negatived by Sir C. Wood. We now
hear that the line in question has been successfully
working for several months, while we are utterly
incapable of making use of it. All that the wise-
acres at the India House have done, is to order a
survey of the Persian Gulf to ascertain its practica-
bility for a cable, to be in communication with the
Baghdad line either at that place or at Basra. But
owing to the admirable surveys of the Indian navy,
we know the soundings in the Gulf, for all practi-
cal purposes, as well as the English Channel. The
Zenobia has gone on this errand, and a wild-goose
chase it is ; for with our present knowledge of the
fate of all deep-sea cables, it would be the height of
folly to make a renewed attempt of the kind. Re-
cent inquiries lead us to believe that there will
scarcely be any difficulty in connecting Kurrachee
with Bushire by a land line, and we earnestly hope
that the endeavours which are being made to inte-
rest the Home Government in that scheme will not
meet with the fate of other excellent projects sug-
gested by this Government,
We hear from Calcutta that Major-General Birch
intends to return to England almost immediately,
and that his successor, as Secretary of the Govern-
ment of India in the military department, is likely
to be Colonel Mayhew, who is almost certain to
lose his appointment as Adjutant-General of the
army, owing to the determination of the Horse
Guards that Colonel Haythorne shall be the chief
official adviser of the Commander-in-Chief in India.
Another correspondent states that Col. Haythorne
is likely to be fifth wheel in the military coach,
under the denomination of Chief of the Staff.
The Mofussilite records the death of Lieutenant
Fryer, of her Majesty's 35th Regiment. The de-
ceased was swimming on Saturday last, 16th inst„
in this station (Meerut) with several other officers,
and suddenly sank. The body was not recovered
for several minutes, when life was extinct.
Lieutenant Colonel Sir E. Campbell Military

Secretary to the Governor-General, will resign
his appointment and go home to England by an
early mail, we believe, to assume command of a
battalion of his regiment, her Majesty's 60th Rifles.
We have not heard who is to succeed him.

MADRAS, MARCH 20.

Government Securities:-
51 per cent., per ceut. discount to par.
5 ;) i „ discount.
4 „ 22 ,f
Exchange on England for first class credits at 6
months' sight, 2s. Id. per rupee.
Freight for England, £2 15s. per ton.
Interest on (Govt.) Loans, 11 per cent. per annum.
Money market tight.

CALCUTTA, MARCH 23.

Money market easy.
Discount (on Government Securities) at the rate
of 6 per cent. per annum.
Government Securities :

4 per cent., `4O-4- per cent. discount.
5 5: P 7 79
1, a „ premium.
Exchange on England for first class credits at 6
months' sight, 2s. 14 cl per rupee.
Freight to London for seeds, £3 17s. 6d. per ton.

THE FRENCH IN THE RED SEA.

(From the Bombay Gaiette.)

The ulterior object of the French ships of war
at present in the Red Sea, we believe to be the
occupation of a suitable part, which may serve
as a coaling station, and otherwise facilitate the
extension of the national influence in the quar-
ter. and especially over Abyssinia. The imme-
diate and avowed object, however, is to avenge the
death of Mons. H. Lambert, who acted for a time
as Vice-Consul for France at Aden, and whom
the French Government believe to have been
murdered by some Somalies or Arabs on board
of a native boat between 'Leila and Tajoorra
while on a voyage from Hodeida. The circum-
stances occurred in June, 1859, and the report which
first reached us was confirmatory of the outrage.
Subsequently, however, our correspondent at Aden
informed us that Mons. Lambert's death was purely
accidental that he and his servant had been drowned
on the African coast while attempting to escape from
a stranded bugla. As this information was based on
an investigation instituted by Brigadier Coghlan,
who despatched one of his Assistants to the spot in
m.c. Furlong, we readily accept it, and have ever
since been disposed to believe that such was the
true version of the melancholy catastrophe.
Circumstances, however, have lately come to our
knowledge, which lead us to fear that Lambert was
the victim of foul play. It appears, indeed, that
the French government received accounts from Aden,
simultaneously with the official report of his acci-
dental death, declaring that he was murdered, and
adducing sufficient grounds for the suspicion.
Though somewhat tardy in their movements, the
French have nevertheless not been backward in
organising proceedings designed to elicit the truth
and if necessary to punish the guilty parties. Com-
modore le Viscomte de Langle, with a fleet of four
ships, lately reached Aden, and immediately
requested the Assistant Resident in Charge to sup-
ply him with a copy of all the official cor-
respondence which had passed on the subject
of Lambert's death. Captain Playfair com-
plied with the request at once, and as hav-
ing been the officer deputed by Brigadier
Coghlan to conduct the original investigation,
at Tajoorra, he had an opportunity of stating his
personal convictions on the matter, and of bringing
forward any additional proofs regarding the man-
ner of the unfortunate man's death. The French
Commodore, however, was by no means satisfied
that the case was as had been represented, and he
went on to state that his Government was in pos-
session of evidence rendering it probable in the
highest degree that Lambert had been murdered.
It appears that some portion of this evidence had
been transmitted, either directly or indirectly
through the Roman Catholic Chaplain at Aden,
who, on being called before the Commodore and
Captain Playfair indicated the parties among the
Somalies who had testified to having seen Lambert
stabbed on board the boat and cast into the sea.
Thereon another witness was produced— a Mr.
Grey, who had very lately been employed at Aden
in the Income-tax Department—who affirmed that
while at Tajoorre, he met an Arab in room, who,

pointing to a dagger on the wall, declared that to
be the weapon with which he had killed Lambert
and his servant, and that he had murdered them in
his hatred towards the French, and in-revenge for
their treatment of Shermarki, the old Somaly chief
of Zeila.

Whether these charges will be proved remains_
to be seen. At the request of the Commodore, Mr.
Grey was permitted to accompany him to Jeddah,
whither the French ships have gone with orders to
the Pasha to furnish them with 300 Turkish troops
to co-operate with the Commodore in his investiga-
tions, and to carry out his decision. We understood,
moreover, that similar orders have sheen issued to
all the Turkish authorities in the Red Sea directing
them most peremptorily to assist the French Com-
modore in every possible way, and aid him is
bringing to punishment the murderers of Mr. Lam"
bert and all their accomplices, in the event of their
being convicted of the crime alleged against theca•