The Sun.
London, England, 1861-11-19 00:00:00

THE SUN, LONDON,! iTUESDAY EVENING,

THE SUN.

LONDON, TUESDAY, NOV. 19, 1861.

A crisis has really come at last for President
LINCOLN and the Free States. The Government
mr..y tide over it without any remarkable move
went, but it is to the last degree improbable. The
promised month of action has passed away, the
month of compulsory inaction in a country deluged

January is very near, and retirement into winter
quarters without a single retrieving blow struck,
while crushing expenses were going on, must break
up the confidence of the Northerns in their Go-
vernment, and destroy their harmony among them-
selves.

The great Expedition is the card now played,
how successfully we must learn before long. It is
hardly reasonable, however, to expect from it any
such action as will materially affect the fortunes of
the war. A larger success of the Cape Hatteras style
would appease Northern craving for a while, but
we cannot yet imagine any which would materially
affect the strategic position of things. Indeed, if
the expedition were meant to bear directly on the
position of the rebel army at Manassas, Fort
Monroe, which the North already holds, ought to
hwe been the coast basis of operations. We rather
suspect, therefore, that the Armada of the North is
destined for flash work, rather than for a move-
ment of substantial importance. Of course a short
time may agreeably disappoint us all, but things
look like it.

The
authorities evidently feel, themselves, that
they
must do something. General M'CLELLAN,
at Washington, and Mr. Secretary CAMERON, at
New York, both speak in the same tone. The
General asserts that the war cannot he long,
although it may be desperate ; which, if it means
anything, means that he is preparing for a decisive
battle, The Secretary being
on the
engtaged in a loan
hunt, assures them of victory
life on
of
the General who would pledge his
on it, only
they must be patient till he had completed his P re.
parations. Evidently, the pu'lic impatience presses
on both the civil and military authorities. Well it
may. Hitherto the North has known little but re-
verses along the thousand miles of its military ope-
rations. At this moment it is held in cheek from
Fort Monroe on the Atlantic coast to Lexington ea
the Missouri, In Missouri and Kentucky it is
almost beaten ; in Virginia it dires not advance be-
yond sight of the river. The Cipital is belea
guered, and dares not venture even on a sally, or if
it makes one is utterly routed; while, though an
armada can sail for the South, the Confederates
hold with their batteries the whole stream of the
Potomac, and actually are preventing the sup-
ply, by sea, of Washington itself. The Northern
army with the large city it defends are thrown upon
what a single line of rails can bring them ! We
are told that even coals are becoming a luxury.
The small is blockading the North ! A move,
therefore, there must be soon.
The rem, v' al of General FREMONT may be also
the occasion-1 of grave difficulties. It is said the
alavehold itra- -in Kentucky favourable to the.Unioa

did not like him. It is certain, however, that he
was very popular n the West, and the rumour may
prove true that there they would rather make him
dictator than continue under the reign of a pro-
slavery and inefficient President. There can be no
doubt that FREMONT'S chief offence at Washington
is his Anti-slavery principles, and this brings out
afresh the grand blunder or crime of LINCOLN, or
rather of his supporters. The President, no doubt,
follows popular feeling—that feeling in the
North is strongly against emancipation ; not only
this treatment of FREMONT, but the precise
instructions of Mr. CAMERON to the new expedition
prove this. They must therefore take the conse-
quences—which are separation.
When anticipating, at the beginning, as-
sured victory for the North, we did not think
the North as foolish as it is criminal. We
well knew its bitter and cruel hatred of the
negro, but we did suppose it would make the
Southern negroes its allies, not its enemies. It
now appears that its contempt and hatred of negroes
is so great, that, though conquest is impossible
without their aid, that aid will not be accepted.
Let the North, therefore, bear its righteous punish-
ment. Let it lose the Union. Let it become for
perpetuity what it is now, a clique of negro-
hating and protectionist States, saddled with a
heavy debt. We now feel no pity for it. It has
disappointed our best hopes, and we must feel
towards it as we do towards those who have dis-
appointed us. The South has not done that, it
was too bad for it; but it is mortifying indeed
to find the North only a shade better. The de-
ciding hour is, however, nearly arrived. The
North must gain a victory or two, if it can, and
then the sooner it bids for peace the better. The
Union is gone for ever, and the sooner the slave-
holders and slave-hunters come to terms the fewer
widows and orphans will bewail the pro-slavery
folly of the Washington Government.

It will be very inconvenient to many honourable
members if the working classes should really take
their own question in hand. The real reason for
the failure of the bill of 1860 was just the fact,
that those whom it was proposed to enfranchise
made no sign of wanting the franchise. " The
apathy of the country" was the stock argument ;
and it was the apathy of the working men. The
middle classes could not be expected to put them-
selyes out of the way to confer the franchise on
those next to themselves in the descending scale.
As a body they form an electoral aristocracy, and
they did not over-much relish the possibility of
being swamped by the working men. If, therefore,
the working men were content to be unrepresented
the present electors were also quite content to leave
them so. Then, as to the Government, no one be-
lieved that that had any heart to the work. At
the same time, the House of Commons was but too
well pleased to save itself an early visit again to
the country, and gladly joined in giving the subject
the go-by. It was, however, the silence of the
working men which was at the bottom of all, for
had they unanimously and jointly spoken out, nei-
ther Members of Parliament nor the Government,
nor the electors generally, would have dared to
show indifference.

We have already had the appeal of the Glasgow
Trades' Societies to their fellow trades all over the
kingdom ; this week we have the Reform Con-
ference of all classes, sitting in Leeds, to
settle, if they can, a plan of united action for all
classes of Reformers. The idea is a good one.
Whatever is effected must be effected through com-

- - - ------.vt... to he available must be
the result of conference. The Glasgow Trades,
with excellent generalship, as it strikes us, pro-
posed, while not prejudicing their claim of right
to much more than they asked, to confine them-
selves to asking in the first instance what Parlia-
ment and the QUEEN had already sanctioned. As
at present advised, it seems to us the Conference
could not do better than accept the Glasgow pro-
gramme. They will thus have a hold both on the
Government and the House, which they could not
have for any other proposal. Their reasoning
would be conclusive. " You read the Bill a second
time. You shuffled it out of the House before the
third reading, because you said we did not
care about it—we now tell you we do, and that but
for false confidence in you, we should have told you
so sooner ; now, therefore, read it a third time, and
make it the law of the land. The meeting itself
appears to be one of the right kind."
All classes are represented in it. Members of Par-
liament take their part, and so does the late Chair-
man of the Ante-Corn Law League—a thorough
man of business, who, indeed, took the chair the
first day. He strongly insisted on the unfair-
ness of the present franchise. Allowing that
about five millions were fairly represented
by the 1,221,000 who have votes already, the re-
maining 23,000,000 had no more to do with the
Government of the country than had the inhabi-
tants of Austria itself. " Grievous, however, as
was the limitation of the suffrage, in his opinion it
was nothing in comparison to the distribution of
electoral districts, There were 405 borough members,
representing 250 boroughs, but, as an instance of
disproportion and unfairness, he mentioned Thet-
ford, where two members represented 4,000 people,
but were elected by 216 voters, whereas Mr. Baines,
M.P. for Leeds, represented a population of 200,000,
and 7,000 voters. He also instanced Manchester and
the West Riding constituencies, as compared with
other smaller ones having the same extent of
representative influence, and mentioned the case
of 24 members who were returned by 3,847 voters
—not one-half the constituency of Leeds. He would
advise the advocates of a redistribution of seats
not to recede for one moment from the position
they occupied, because it might be said their argu-
ments were founded on extreme cases. An actual
majority of the House of Commons-330 members
—was actually elected by no more than 160,000 or
170,000 voters, whereas the whole voting power of
the three kingdoms was 1,200,000.
He showed how absurd was the sry of danger to
the Crown, or even to the House of Lords, though
the latter was not very popular ; but he did not
believe that extended representation would affect
the character of the House of Commons itself. It
might be supposed that there would be a great in-
flux of working men into the House of Commons,
but be showed that working men could net afford
either the time or the money to live in London and
devote their whole services to their constituencies.
Alt that they
wanted was that intelligent and
uie
rleegsPe°orifsivbolteir7l fornlonigehotr
mbeoraedomf
tithteedcantoditdhaetesprwivhio-
might be presented to their notice every seven, five,
or three years, as the case might be. That was the
whole extent to which it was proposed by this re-
vointionary measure to carry out the importation
of new electors into the enjoyment of the franchise.
What did a man pay for that enjoyment P The
' taxation of the country was £2 Bs. a head on every
man and woman and child in the country, and at
that rate every head of a family representing five
persons in seven years would have to pay £B4 for
a vote. After that, was it
i
worth while diseussn
the purposo of
giving g
the revolutionary tendency
of the proposal measure ?
predominance
There seemed to be a considerable
of a wide extension of
Hof actual opinion in favour

suffrage—perhaps manhood suffrage—for the meet-
ing was called by the Leeds Working Men's Par-
liamentary Reform Associationl; the ballot was held
to be essential, and the redistribution of seats
also ; the prevailing tone of the meeting,
however, was moderation, and this is just
what will make it formidable. We all remember
how M. BILLAULT refused to license the transfer of
a Paris paper from more fiery and extreme men
to some gentlemen of great respectability and mode-
ration, because he observed it was just these quali-
ties which made them dangerous; the other kind of
opposition did the Government good. This will not
improbably be the case now. Lord PALMERSTON
could overlook and snub O'CONNOR deputations and
petitions, but the respectfully worded and moderate
petitions of tens of thousands of working men no
Minister can afford to despise. They will show a
measure of practical sense—as well as rest on the
solid foundation of right—which will force attention.
The very moderation, as BILLAULT said, will prove
their power. It will be an unanswerable answer to
all calumnies ; and will show an amount of good
sense which can no longer be trifled with;

We have frequently taken occasion of late to
direct attention in these columns to the extraordi-
nary rise, advance, and expansion of the general
prosperity noticeable in our Canadian provinces.
We have done so mainly with a view to the en-
couragement thither of the chief part of the vast
and increasing tide of emigration from the shores of
the old mother country, and of immigration
into her remote and scattered colonial pos-
sessions. We have remarked at one time, upon
the astonishing fertility and fecundity of the
soil in that favoured portion of our gigantic North
American territories. We have descanted, at
another time, upon the liberality of the political
institutions there regulating the affairs of the Cana-
dian population. Now we have commented upon
the geographicaladvantages recognizable in Canada
in respect—to the extent of her magnificent seaboard
on the Atlantic—to the grandeur of her inland seas,
meaning those stupendous lakes dividing
her southern boundaries from the northern frontiers
of the " some time" United States—to the wondrous
length of inland navigation secured to the two
Canadas along the broad bosom of the mighty cur-
rent of the St. Lawrence. Yet, often though we
have written of late, and at length, upon this fruit-
ful theme, it is almost superfluous to add that the
subject is still very far indeed from being exhausted.

In illustration of this it is only necessary to
refer, for example, to another branch of it not yet
touched upon. A branch, it will be found in every
way eminently suggestive—and in many respects
full of encouragement to the well-wishers of
Canada generally, and to intending emigrants to
Canada in particular. We refer to the recently
gathered statistics in relation to the growth of the
chief towns and cities of Canada and the astonishing
increase of their population. The development of
the resources of the colony implied by this in-
crease in the number, and therefore also of the wealth,
and energy, and activity of the inhabitants, may
be readily appreciated upon a glance at a few of
the more remarkable of these surprising sta-
tistics. Let it be recollected, then, that
thirty years ago—namely, in 1831—Montreal
and Toronto each contained a population
of about 27,000 ! Montreal—the largest city in
Canada—has now somewhere about 110,000 inhabi-
tants ! Toronto—ranking next—about 80,000 in-
habitants ! This, when, as we have said, but 30 years
since each only contained within it a population of
the truth of the assertion, recently put forth by
competent witnesses yonder in Canada, vie., that
" other towns and cities are not deprived of
their population to swell that of more
favoured and prosperous communities"—let us
instance the case of London, in Upper Canada.
There, in 1850, were collected together exactly
5,124 inhabitants. Within six short years from
that date, i.e. in 1856, the 5,000 and odd had in-
creased to-15,000. More need hardly be said
after this in demonstration of the growth of the
prosperity of our Canadian provinces.

We believe it is intended that the Prince of
Wales shall visit the lonian Islands shortly after Christ-
mas, and then proceed t) Syria and Egypt. His Royal
Highness will return to England before the opening of the
Great Exhibition.

THE SHAKESPEARE FUND.—The Prince Consort
has just sent his name as a subscriber to the Shakespeare
Fund for the sum of £lOO.

Herr Carl Formes has received the " Alolphs
Order," from the Duke of Nassau.

It is stated that the famous St. Martin's Hall is
to be converted into a " Canterbury,"
The subscription to the Shakspere fund, esta-
blished by Mr. Halliwell, has reached £2,706.
_. .

Prince Leopold of England, who was expected at
Toulon at 6 p.m., on Tuesday last, did not arrive there till
9 p.m. Lord Brougham arrived at Toulon the same evening
on his way to his residence at Cannes.

PARLIAMENTARY REFORM.—The Norwich Poli-
tical Union has adopted a memorial to Lord Palmerston,
praying his lordship to take some action on the subject of
Parliamentary Reform. Tho Union is also endeavouring
to revive the Reform agitation in Norwich.

THE FRENCH STEAMERS.—We (Ilerapath) hear
that the Emperor Napoleon has eight steamers of 3,206
tons each building or to be built on this side of the Channel
for the West India service, the individual cost of which is
to be £llB,OOO, with £12,000 each for furnishing. The
steamers for the East are said to be of 4,000 tons each, and
to cost £lBO,OOO. There is also to be a line of larger ships
than those for the West Indies to go to North America.
We wonder whether the £40,000,000 deficit of his Imperial
Majesty will act as any bar to his steam navigation enter-
prises.

THE LATE LORD DUDLEY STUART.-A meeting
of the Polish Historical Society was held yesterday at Sus-
sex Chambers, Dnke-street, St. James's, to commemo-
rate the seventh anniversary of the death of this de-
parted champion of the cause of Poland. In the absence
from London of the president and vice-president of the
society the chair was occupied by Major Gielgud, who, re-
calling the great serviees rendered by the late nobleman to
Poland, deplored his loss, at this time of the mangestations
of national life in all parts of the country, when his perse-
vering efforts to defend the rights of Poland before the
public opinion of England would, no doubt, have proved of
national assistance in obtaining them, and expressed a hope
that others, no less zealous friends of the cause, will not
neglect. Colonel Wiercenski and several other gentlemen
spo e to the same effect, when the meeting separated, after
a vote of thanks to the chairman.

The " EVIL EYE" IN IRELAND.—An extraor-
dinary assault case was heard at Mitchelstown, the other
day. A man, named Thomas Quinn, stated that the was
sent for by John Condon, John Condon, jun., and Mrs.
Condon—the defendants in the case—to their house,
where he went; and that the defendants dragged him
into the piggery in the yard, and assaulte I him ; that they
insisting on his spitting on three large pigs which defen-
dants were preparing for market, alleging that com-
plainant had some days previously cast an evil eye on
the pigs, and by some witchcraft or necromancy prevented
them from using their food for seven days. Sub-constable
Macauley deposed that he was sent for to compel Quinn to
remove the charm from the pigs.—Mr. O'Mara : My de-
fence is, that the defendants state most emphatically that
complainant came to their house, stood over their pigs, and
by some mysterious or unholy spell or influence prevented
them from using food for seven days. Your Worship may
erceive, on looking at Quinn's vulpine countenance, he
has an evil eye. (Loud laughter.) The defendants sent
for him to remove the evil he had done, and sent for
some
at ter, era, ancient
whoci
petkpert
the police to induce him to do so. Quinn refused, and said,
" Go herd them to the d—l." Defendants then went to
m
la)
directedah ne
dt
kdo
eer
co hn soothsayerideafn defendants
tdo procure
ole
tuhconsultreem2 Quinn'snhdi mg
ov ne tthehe
magstock-
and
water to the pigs. Defendant
, Condon, being brother to
Quinn's wife, actually got
the water to the pigs, and the stockings boiled, and gave
they were as voracious as hawks
instanter. (Loud laughter.)—Mr,
Browne : It is a most
sad and deplorable exhibition to see
utterly ignorant as to believe intpheerson, of your age so
which you seem to labour under in this odious superstition
your attorney. Let each of the defendants be' afisnesatated by
John
Condon, 2s. 6d.; his son, Is.; his wife le, ; and coats,---
1 Cork .Examiner,

The accounts from St. Petersburg state the:, t
navigation is closed.

After the Christmas holidays, M. Fectiter will
play Ingo alternately with Othello.—Athenceum.

LYNN AND HIINSTANTON RAILWAY.—The first
sod of this line was turned in the course of last week. The
project was first brought before the public in the aut•amn of
1855, Ind' a commencement has at last been made with the
works.

SOUTH KENSINGTON MUSEUM.--During tie week
ending Nov. 16 the visitors have been as follmws :—On
Monday, Tuesday, and Saturday, free days, 4,414 ; on Mon-
day and Tuesday, free evenings, 3,267 ; on three students
days (admission to the public 6d.), 895 ; one students' even-
ing, Wednesday, 95:—total, 8,671. From the opening of
the Museum, 2,350,910.

CALLS TO THE BAR.—The following calls to the
bar were made yesterday :—Lincoln's-inn: Lewis Morris,
jun., Esq., M.A., Oxford (certificate a honour, firsc class);
E Imund Wyndham, Esq., 8.A., Oxford; Wm. Edward
Hall, Esq., M.A., Oxford; Charles Bertie Pulleine Bosan-
quet, Esq., M.A., Oxford ; George Tyrrell, jun., Esq., B.A.
Cambridge; Samuel Hess Behrend, Esq., M.A., London;
Hugh Barklie Blundell M'Calmont, Esq., 8.A., Cam-
bridge; Edward Christopher Corballis, Esq., 8.A., Dublin;
Anthony John Anstruther Wilkinson, Esq., 8.A., Cam-
bridge; Edmund Story Maskelyne, Esq., 8.A., Oxford ;
Henry Brougham Miller, Esq.; Edward Thurstan Hol and,
Esq., 8.A., Cambridge; and William Lethbridge, Esq.,
M.A., Cambridge. Gray's-inn: Joseph Burgin, Esq., and
William Nicholson, Esq.

THE REV. T. BINNEY ON PULPITS.—At the
opening of a congregational chapel at Stowmarket, the
Rev. T. Binney, after alluding to private feelings which
had induced him to come to Stowmarket, said he would
now say a word about the place itself—that platform.
(Cheers and laughter.) He was somewhat old-fashioned
in his ideas, and he rather liked a pulpit. He was very
decidedly opposed to a platform before he went to Aus-
tralia, but there he saw in many comparatively small
churches, without galleries, a raised dais, with a
table f.nd desk. This he liked very well in churches
without galleries, but if they had a platform, he should
say, do let them have what it pretended to be, and not those
sort of wings which he found in it—(laughter)—and, again,
the great iron spikes around it I (Laughter.) He would
have all these things done away with, and a plain rail in
their place. Again, he never could see the use of setting a
man to speak over a great soft pillow. (Laughter.) Coun-
cillors and members of Parliament did not speak over pil-
lows. and why in the world should preachers have to do so
(Laughter.) He usually took them off when he preached,
and, if he had not been a stranger, he should have taken
the pillow off that morning.
THE PROSECUTIONS FOR BRIBERY AT WAKE-
FIELD AND BEVERLEY.-Mr. Boyes, the defendant in the
cases of bribery at the Beverley election tried at a recent
York assizes, and who was convicted of the offence, has re-
ceived notice from the Crown to attend before the Court of
Queen's Bench on the 22d inst., in order to receive judg-
ment. With respect to the Wakefield cases, it is supposed
that the press of business on the present term will interfere
to prevent Mr. Charlesworth's appeal from being argued
before Christmas. Mr. Leathern will not, of course, be
called up for judgment until the Conservative candidate's
appeal has been considered.

DEATH OF Mn. GODLEY.--WO regret to have
to !announce the death of Mr. J. R. Godley, Assistant-
Under Secretary for War, which took place on Sunday
morning at his residence at Gloucester-place, Portman-
square.

A commercial correspondent a few days back sug-
gested that it would be a service to trade if any new source
could be pointed out for obtaining spirits of turpentine, the
supply of which is interrupted by the blockade of the State
of South Carolina, whence it has hitherto been chiefly im-
ported. In reply it is said that any quantity may be pro-
cured from the Canaries and from Greece, the quality from
the former being equal to that of the American. Another
writer says that it abounds in the Mosquito territory of
Central America, and finally it is stated in the New York
journals, and by the parties interested in the Atlantic and
Great Western Railway, that the oil now obtained in enor-
mous quantities from the wells in Pennsylvania, with which
that line communicates, has a large amount of this spirit
available among its other constituents.

The rates for money on the Continent are higher
than in London at nearly all places, but the difference is not
such as to create any expectation of an adverse movement
of bullion. At Hamburg the terms are now much higher
than usual—namely, 41 per cent.—a further rise having
just been caused by remittances of silver to Denmark and
Russia, which have reduced the stock in the Bank to an
exceptionally low point. At Paris, in the open market,
the charge is 41 to 5 per cent. ; at Brussels and Antwerp
it is 4 per cent., and at Amsterdam and Frankfort 3 per
cent.

Intelligence was received yesterday of the loss
in the Baltic of the steamer Lyon, from St. Petersburg.
She was a fine iron vessel of 1,016 tons burden, and 380
LitLa was „ _ a
general cargo, but it is believed that her departure was
hastened on account of the approaching closing of the
ports, and that therefore a quantity of tallow that was to
have been sent by her was not all shipped. The loss will
fall partly on Lloyd's, and partly on the large marine
offices.

THE ART OF BORROWING.—" My dear," said a
young Paris lady to a female friend, "do you believe that
miserly X would lend me three thousand francs ?" X was
the name of a well-known sporting man. "It depends
upon chance," was the answer. "How shall I set about
it ?" "Take a pen and write : My dear Alfred, I have
been disappointed in the receipt of some money this morn-
ing. Could you bring me, this evening, three thousand
francs, and at the same time carve a pheasant which I have
just received ?—ERNESTINE. " And do you believe,"
when the letter was sent, " that I shall have my money ?"
" With that note, my dear, you will not get any
money." Why did you make me write it ?"
" Because it was necessary that a first note should
precede a second —do you understand ?" " No."
"Take your pen." " What I write again ?" " Three lines
only :—" My dear Alfred, think of my note as not sent.
Just after I had despatched it I received my money. Don't
forget, however, to come and sup with me. The pheasant
is superb." This letter was sent like the first. " New, see
what will happen," said the lady friend. " Alfred will
feign not to have received your second letter, and will
make a show of generosity when he thinks that you need
no money. The rest is with yourself." AU was executed
according to form, the sporting man gallantly offered the
3,000 f., convinced that they would not be accepted; but, to
his horror, the lady quickly pocketed the money. And, to
add to his disappointment, no pheasant was there to eat.
ROMANTIC CASE.— Galignani informs us that the
agents on duty in the Marche du Temple noticed, a few
days since, a young girl, apparently a vagrant, who was
endeavouring to sill a hair ring, a silver book-clasp, and
other articles of trifling value. When asked to give an
account of herself, she said that her name was Adeline
Sauvais, that she was 13 years of age, and had been for
seven years past with a company of montebanks, who had
that morning abandoned her at Bicetre. When taken before
the commissary of police, she repeated what she had already
said, and also made the following statements :—" I was
born at Thann, at Bischviller (Haut-Rhin). About seven
years ago my mother sent me out for a walk with the ser-
vant, and we went into the mountains to drink new milk.
Whilst there the servant entered a house and played and
ran about till I got lost, when I met some mounteb nks and
went with them. I had a prayer-book with me, of which
they tore the leaves, so that I could riot read what was
written in ir , but I have kept the silver clasp. The com-
pany consisted of 14 persons, four of whom were girls of
about my age. When the company left Bicetre the master
would neither allow me to go with them nor let me have
my clothes, but one of my companions gave me what I now
wear." The girl persisted in this story before the tribunal,
and the President postponed the further hearing till the 23d
inst., in order that proper inquiries might be made in the
meantime.

THE OXFORD MAN AND THE CAMBRIDGE MAN.
—lf stated very briefly, the chief difference may be said to
be that the Cambridge man is more practical. Whether
there is something in the method of training pursued, or
whether the different degrees of importance assigned to the
various branches of education may be tho cause, or whether
the pitting of man against man in examinations may operate
still more powerfully, the fact soon forces itself on the at-
tention of all close observers. If two school friends part, and
meet again after spending a year at the respective universi-
ties, they are soon conscious that they no longer work
exactly in the same way. The Cambridge student has
learned to regard everything as a task which he must
honestly and s eadily get through. To do it, and not think
about it, is his aim. Still less does he occupy himself with
thinking about doing it. He is too busy and methodical for
the agreeable but delu,ive pleasure of secondary reflection.
He has to master a subject, and all ho cares is to master it,
and to go through it, so that ho may satisfy the practical
test of being examined in it and answering creditably. When
he leaves college and commences a profession ho works in
the came way. A law student from Cambridge, for instance,
has generally no very romantic views either of his profes-
sion or of himself. Hero is a very complex, confused, vari-
ous piece of learning which he has undertaken to acquire.
To do the the thing well he must work hard, and must ut-
terly disbelieve that any knowledge will come unless it is
painfully obtained. He must cultivate a legal memory, note
carefully up all that ho thinks he ought to know, and pre-
pare himself to be able to pass an imaginary examination
at the shortest possible notice. The Oxford student, on
the other hand, is more inclined to speculate about law, to
dally with its details, and to despise its confusion. Cam-
bridge men, so to speak, approach law in a humbled atti-
tude, and are consequently, perhaps, as a rule, better
lawyers after the received English fashion. A boating man
who has shaved thro'igh a pass at Cambridge will probably
read law precisely in the same way as a boating man who
has shaved through a pass at Oxford. But it we compare
the general body of men who have taken fair degrees or
been accustomed to read, we shall find there is a difference
in
aaeastuchblemee
subject
lnibknyee r
law,s iany
;wn
gah
and
c the
tdhh
that
a one
tth the Cambridge
that
and
a
t
Ile rnt Battey:
ea:
fairlyp pi sr o at chb hee
utere practical.—k;aturday Review.

NOVE

R 19,

1861.

L T .I 4 \V 61.

PARIS, Nov. 19.

Judgment has been given in the case of M. Mires
and Count Pontalba, by the Tribunal of Commerce.
Count Pontalba was ordered to repay to the share-
holders the sum of 1,700,000 f., which he had re-
ceived from M. Mires. He was also condemned in
the costs.

The Constztutionnel of today, in an article signed
by Dr. Veron, says :

"If we are well informed, Count Persigny, Mi-
nister of the Interior, has submitted to the Emperor
a project for a disarmament, which would, however,
maintain the regimental lists (cadres)."

The same paper says :—" The Emperor will pay
a visit to her Majesty Queen Victoria during the
International Exhibition at London."

BRESLAU, Nov. 19.

The Administrator of the Archbishop of War-
saw has been arrested in pursuance of orders from
St. Petersburg. The Prelate, who is ill, has been
conducted to the citadel, and will be tried before a
court-martial. The Government demands from the
Chapter the election of another administrator. The
Chapter, however, refuses to comply with this
demand, and has appealed to Rome.

MADRID, Nov. 18.
The address of the Congress has been read. It
approves all the points of the Queen's Speech.
The Spanish vessels which were recently at
Lisbon have left that port.

PARIS, Nov. 18.

The Patrie of this evening says :—" The Govern-
ment is now preparing a reduction of the army, but
this will not cause any change in the system now
in foree, as all the existing regimental lists are to
be maintained,

"It is the intention of M. Fould not to propose
any increase of taxes, which might fetter agriculture,
industry, and commerce. A tax on chemical matches
would fall on the consumer, by whom the charge
would scarcely be felt. An increase in the price
of stamped paper is also spoken of."

The Patrie advocates the abolition of the tax on
movable property, and the suppression of the turn-
stiles at the Bourse.

TURIN, Nov. 18.

The Opinione and the Gazetta del Popolo of to-
day publish articles advising Baron Ricasoli to
retain the portfolio of the Interior, and await the
assembling of the Italian Parliament.
General. Cialdini has postponed his intended visit
to Paris.

Bixio fought a duel yesterday, in which it is said
he was wounded in the hand by a pistol shot.

AMERICA.

SOUTHAMPTON, Nov. 19.
The Teutonia, from New York on the 3d instant,
has arrived here.

She brings 90 passengers for Hamburg, two for
Southampton, and 13 for Havre.
On the 15th inst. she spoke the English schooner
Pride of the Seas ; all well.
The Teutoni% encountered strong north-eastern
gales throughout the voyage.

CALCUTTA AND AUSTRALIAN
MAILS.

till i .1 IN UV.

The Peninsular and Oriental Company's steamer
Ceylon, with the heavy portion of the Calcutta and
Australian mails, has just arrived off the Needles.