The Sun.
London, England, 1861-10-08 00:00:00

"To TIIE PEOPLE OF KENTUCKY.

" The Legislature of Kentucky have been faithless
to the will of the people. They have endeavoured to
make your gallant State a fortress, in which, under
the guise of neutrality, the armed forces of the
United States might secretly prepare to subjugate
alike the lied-plc of Kentucky and the Southern
States. It was not until after months of covet and
open violation of your neutrality. with large
encampments of National troops on your terri-
tory, and a recent official declaration of the Pre-
sident of the United States not to regard your
neutral position, coupled with a well-prepared
scheme to seize an additional point in your terri-
tory, which was of vital importance to the safety
and defence of Tennessee, that the troops of the
Southern Confederacy, on the invitation of the
people of Kentucky occupied a defensive post in
your State. In doing so, the commander announced
his purpose to evacuate your territory simulta-
neously with a similar movement on behalf of the
National forces, whenever the Legislature of Ken-
tucky shall undertake to enforce against both belli-
gerents the strict neutrality which they have so
often declared. I return among you, citizens of
Kentucky, at the head of a force, the advance of
which is composed entirely of Kentuckians. We
do not come to molest any citizen, whatever may
be his political opinions. Unlike the agents of the
Northern despotism, who seek to reduce us to the
condition of dependent vassals, we believe that the
recognition of the civil rights of citizens is the
foundation of constitutional liberty, and that the
claim of the President of the United States to de-
clare martial law, to suspend the
privilege of the
writ of habeas corpus, and to convert every bar-
rack and prison in the land into a Bastile, is nothing
but the claim-ivhich other tyrants have assumed to
subjugate a free people. The Confederate States
occupy Bowling-green as a defensive position. I
renew the pledges of commanders of other columns
of Confederate troops to retire from the territory of
Kentucky on the same conditions which will govern
their movements. I further give you my own as-
surance that the force under my command will be
used as an aid to the Government of Kentucky in
carrying out the strict neutrality desired by its
people whenever they undertake to enforce it
against the two belligerents alike.
" S. B. BUCKNER, Brigadier-General, C.S.A.
" Bowling-Green, Sept. 18, 1861."
General Anderson had issued a counter procla-
mation :

"Louisville, Kentucky, Sept. 21.
Kentuckians,—Called by the Legislature of
this, my native State, I hereby assume command of
this department. I come to enforce, not to make
laws, and, God willing, to protect your property
and your lives. The enemies of the country have
dared to invade our soil. Kentucky is in danger.
She has vainly striven to keep peace with her
neighbours. Our State is now invaded by those
who professed to be her friends, but who now seek
to conquer her. No true son of Kentucky can longer
hesitate as to his duty to his State and country.
The invader must, and, God willing, will be ex-
pelled. The leader of the hostile forces, who now
approaches, is, I regret to say, a Kentuckian, mak-
ing war on Kentucky and Kentuckians. Let all past
differences of opinion be overlooked. Every one
who now rallies to the support of our Union and of
our State is a friend. Rally, then, my country-
men, around the flag our fathers loved, and which
has shielded us so long. I call you to arms for
self-defence, and for the protection of all that is
dear to freemen. Let us trust in God, and do our
duty as did our fathers.
"RoBT. ANDERSON, Brigadier-General,
United States' Army."
The Kentucky Legislature had passed a bill, a
a vote of 62 to 15, authorising the Military Bo
to borrow 1,000,000 dols. in addition to
I,ooo,ooobryd
dols. authorised the 24th of li
payable in ten years, and establishingf
per cent. on 100 eels., to pay the bonds and inter-
, o n the State
a tax bonds,o f 5
of
htt,te she said sum to be appropriated for the defence
tilte.

The Confederate intrenchments at Ocracoki Inlet
had been demolished by some Federal gunboats,
and the guns rendered unserviceable by being fired
at. Two Confederate schooners ran into the place
intending to carry off the guns, but they were too
late. The Confederates were reported from Fortress
Monroe to have assembled in force at Washington
and Newbern, North Carolina.

The following from the Richmond Whig had
beelnexteilllsiv'eilnyeirculated by the Northern press,
and had been commented upon with much gratifi-
cation :

To whom it may concern—The following pri-
vate letter to the editor is from an old personal
friend, but long separated by party, and one first in
position and intellect in the great county of Albe-
riltkrie, It WV QbYl9ll§ly not de§ignod for publick

Albemarle,te
r ly
disgusted Au g . 2w9i.th
" Dear Mosley,--I asm"
your men, Jeff. Davis and his man Walker, and I
want to know if you will publish my spleen if I
utter it. I have a letter just from Manassas. Our
troops there, one day last week, had nothing for
breakfast but salt and potatoes, were sent eight
miles, at double quick, to meet a false alarm, and
got neither dinner nor supper when they came
back to camp. Now, Mosley, it is evident to me
that your Government is rotten in the head. Davis
ought to be spiked up where men can see him.
You have won a great victory, and got no fruits
from it. You have had charge of the Government
for six months, and have done nothing. No meat,
no bread, no powder, no waggons, no anything but
salt and potatoes, and yet you sing out " The Go-
vernment has the entire confidence of the whole
people." Now,it has not mine, and I want to know
whether I can get a fair hearing. The only smart
thing I have seen is your proposition to post-
pone the Presidential election. That is excellent,
most excellent. I trust that it may save us. If I
were in Congress I would refuse one cent of appro-
priations for the war, holy though it is, until
Walker was turncd out and somebody put in his
place with sense enough to attend to the duties of
it: I don't know Davis or Walker, but I have
seen enough to raise suspicions in my mind that
neither is the right man in the right place. Why,
then talk about the confidence of the people in the
Administration ? I don't feel any such confidence
myself. I believe lam not singular in my distrust.
If you editors would only speak out full-toned about
the abuses which stink under your nostrils things
would act right. It is a shame which cries to
heaven for vengeance when you men of the pen are
talking about confidence, &e., and our soldiers are
' made to trot 16 miles on one meal of potatoes and
salt. There is rottenness enough in the medical
staff alone to damn any Administration. Why
hoodwink the people ? Your Government is rotten
and stinks ! You must smell it at last, and the
sooner the better. You will not smell any stronger
to Yankee nostrils after you turn Walker out and
make Davis the mark. They know you cannot
advance upon them for want of victuals and vehicles,
and your weakness remains patent to them, until
you reform the abuses of your Administration.
The smartest thing that England did in the Crimean
war was the reformation of abuses in full view
of the enemy, and her rival, too. Your
enemies know you are rotten. You will not
tell them anything new by turning out Davis
and his whole crew, which I am decidedly in favour
of, if they do not show themselves more efficient.
But all you editors sing hallelujahs to Davis and
Co. It frets me. Your soldiers are starving, but
so long as the President and generals can wear fine
linen, &c., you sing lo paeans, &c. It will not do
my friend. Somebody must tell the people the
plain truth, or we are ruined. Freezing and star-
vation are staring us in the face for the next winter,
and you call on the women and children to give up
their blankets and bread for the soldiers. The
women have supported the war so far_ You could
not be in the field to-day but for their needles.lYou
have had the Government for seven months, and
you confess yourlinability to do anything by your
daily ways, and still you speak of confidence. It
waning hourly, I assure you, and unless the press
speaks out plainly, and that soon, all is lost. I
do not know any politicians, and I do not care for
any ; but I do care for my country, and the brave
men who are fighting for us, and it stirs my gall to
see them treated worse than I treat my dogs and
hogs. Do not be afraid of showing your weakness
to :the Yankees, for they know it. Show your
strength by putting things to rights at home, and
you will then be feared abroad.—Very truly yours,

"if i F. M./ 2,

The steamer Talisman arrived at Aspinwall on
the 10th ult. with advices from Carthagena. The
report of Arboleda having taken Popayan is COE,.
firmed, and Antioquia had declined to enter into
any treaty with Mosquera. General Gutierrez had
reached Tunda, but was prevented from making
any further advance, from the fact of Canal having
a large force on the way to meet him. Lozano was
located at Nieva with 1,500 men, and Espinosa
was at Alapel. A most shameful outrage was
committed by the people at Mompos on the
persons of Senores Ospina and Calvo, who were
sent from Bogota to Carthagena as prisoners.
On passing through Mompos they were stoned
by the mob in a most brutal manner, and Senor
Calvo, was seriously injured in the head. Senor
Ospina also received severe contusions.
A Convention between the Governor of Panama
and Senor Murillo, the agent of General Mosquera,
had terminated in the adoption of a project for the
recognition of the Government instituted by the
latter.

The following contains the latest items respecting
the blockade :
EnzAßETir PORT, Sept. 12.—The British brig Hannah
Easter had been seized by the United States' Marshal.
BOSTON, Sept. 24.—The bark Florence, from Malta, has
been seized by the port surveyor, she being partly owned in
Charleston.

PHILADELPHIA, Sept. 22..—The ship Marathon, from
Cagliari, was seized
Y order of the collector of that port,
under the act of confiscation, she being owned in New
Orleans.

CHARLESTON, Sept. 7.—Four persons belonging to the
crew of the privateer Jeff. Davis have been arrested,
charged with conspiring to kill the captain and officers of
the privateer, and take the vessel to New York.
BOSTON, Sept. 22.—The British schooner Revere, of and
from Yarmouth, Nova Scotia, with a cargo of salt and fish,
arrived at this port last evening, in charge of a prize crew
from the United States' steamer Cambridge. The Revere
was captured while attempting to run the blockade at Beau-
fort, North Carolina.

PHILADELPHIA, Sept. 24.—The Inquirer publishes a
letter dated at Port of Spain, August 24, which states that
the privateer Sumter was lying at a place about 40 miles
distant from there, known as the Bocasses, which is the
entrance to the Gulf of Paria. There are two other channels
be: idea the Bocasses leading to the Port of Spain, but they
a re obstructed by rocks, and vessels generally take that in
which the Sumter lies. She generally remains under the
shawdow of the rocks, and the writer thinks that she was
in this hiding-place when the Keystone State arrived at
Port of Spain in pursuit some days ago.

NEW ionic., Sept. 25.—A telegram from Boston, received
yesterday, says—" The bark Florence, from Malta, was
seized this morning by the port surveyor, in consequence of
being partly owned in Charleston." In the United States
Di strict Court, on the 21st, Judge 'Betts delivered the fol-
lowing judgment respecting seized vessels—The bark Ilia-
wate and cargo of tobacco ; vessel and cargo condemned.
The bark Pioneer and cargo ; vessel and cargo condemned.
The snip North Carolina ; condemned. The Hallie Jack-
son and cargo ; vessel and cargo condemned. The schooner
Cronshaw and cargo ; the vessel and five-eighths of cargo
emdemed ; three-eighths restored. The bark Winifred and
cargo ; vessel and portion of cargo condemned ; portion of
cargo restored. The schooner Lynchburg and cargo; vessel
and cargo condemned, except 1,541 bags of coffee restored as
the property of Brown Brothers. The schooner Hannah M.
Johnson and cargo; vessel restored and cargo condemned.
The brig General Green and cargo ; vessel and portion of
cargo condemned ; small portion of cargo restored.
The schooner Forest King and cargo ; one-eighth of
vessel condemned ; balance of vessel and cargo restored.
Tho brig Solferino and cargo ; restored on payment of costs.
Tim schooner Shark and cargo; vessel and cargo condemned.
The schooner Falcon and cargo: vessol and cargo con-
demned. All the vessels and cargoes condemned will be
sold at public auction by the United States' Marshall, who
will report the gross proceeds of the sales to the prize com-
missioners. The proctor for the captors then reports the
name of the vessel which seized the prize and the name of
each individual composing the crew. After deducting the
costs in each case the prize commissioners make a final re-
port of the proce eds of each case in their hands. The Court
then enters a final decree, distributing the money among
the captors according to the statute.
BEVERLEY, Sept. 18,—Bark Revolution, of New Orleans,
which arrived here from Trapani, with a cargo of salt, has
been seized by the Government. She is partly owned in
Boston.

PROVINCETOWN, Sept. 24.—A fisherman arrived here
reports that ho was spoken on the 21s.t inst., 25 miles south-
east from Grand Merlon, by the R. B. Sumner, of New
Orleans. Sho inquired what ports she could enter without
being seized, and stated that she bad been down the
Southern coast, but was afraid to run in. The R. B. Sum-
ner, Dyer, sailed from Liverpool, Aug. 13, fur St. Stephen,
New Brunswick.

The Sea Lark, the Alice Hick, and the Charley L. were
Feized in Tangier Sound by the Revenue stearutug Tiger,

NEW YORK, SEPT. 27.
PER ANGLO-SAXON, VIA LONDONDERRY.)
Telegraphic communication with Quebec and
Father Point is interrupted.
A national fast was obs,,i \ Ca yesterday.
On the 21gt just. Venerg Idfcllo purpri§ed aid

A pastoral from Archbishop Cullen was read in
all the churches ax id chapels of his diocess yester-
day. It commence dby stating that, " amidst the
manifold calamities which are daily befalling the
world, it is a source of great consolation to witness
the splendid manifestations of devotion to the Holy
See, and unshaken fidelity to the great centre of
Catholic unity, the el:11dr of St. Peter." The Pope,
however, has been persecuted and plundered by
lawless and violent men ; and Dr. Cullen says that
an anti-Catholic and infidel press at home and
abroad not only defends what has been done in Italy,
but has without ceasing " fulminated and poured
forth calumnies the vilest as well as the most base-.
less against the Holy Father, his Government, and
all his most tried and most devoted servants ; while
for the scenes of sacrilege, of incendiarism, and
bloodshed which are daily enacted in the invaded
provinces of the Church, and the neighbouring
kingdom of Naples—scenes unparalleled save in our
own sad records of Cromwellian barbarity—these
same apostles , as they would fain have us believe
them, of humanity, liberty, and good government,
have not a solitary word of reprobation. Against
the captivity or exile of 58 Neapolitan bishops,
forcibly removed from their sees—against the now
almost daily perpetrated and cold-blooded murders
of unoffending priests—against the burning of
whole towns, with their defenceless populations of
aged and infirm, women and children, not a word
of execration is heard on the part of these self-
constituted and self-styled sympathisers of oppressed
nationalities all over the world."

This is the sort of contemporary history the
Roman Catholics of this city are taught from the
pulpit by the highest authority in their Church.
One may assume that events are represented and
interpreted in the same manner in the Catholic
University, and in the Colleges devoted to the edu-
cation of the priests and the higher classes through-
out the country. It would be the same in the na-
tional schools if the denominational system were
established. After a preamble in this spirit, the
Archbishop establishes the Confraternity of Peter's
Pence in the following terms :

"On and after this, the first Sunday in October, the
solemnity of the Holy Rosary—the auspicious day upon
which the Church celebrates the victory gained, through
the intercession of the Blessed Virgin, by the arms of Chris-
tendom over the enemies of the Christian name at Lepanto
—the pious Sodality or Confraternity of Peter's Pence is
hereby established in our Pro-Cathedral Church of the Im-
maculate Conception, Marlboro'-street; and we invite the
faithful, and those in particular of the parishes annexed to
the above church to associate themselves to it."

He charges all heads of religious houses, priests,
&c., to establish branch associations, the members
of which are to recite daily three times the " Our
Father," the " Hail Mary," and the " Glory be to
the Father,"—to implore the Almighty to put an
end to the calamities of the Church, and to restore
the Sovereign Pontiff to the full enjoyments of his
sacred rights. Boxes are to be placed to receive
Peter's Pence ; a monthly return is to be made of
the sums collected, and there is to be a central
board of administration in Dublin. The members
are assured the same privileges as the Arch-confra-
ternity of Peter's Pence at Rome, which has been
enriched by many indulgences.
The Cork Examiner of Saturday evening contains
a letter from Mr. Smith O'Brien, written to a friend
in Paris, in which he gives the impressions pro-
duced on his mind by his visit to Hungary, ex-
pressing the strongest sympathy with the Hunga-
rian cause, and admiration of the Hungarian people.
He says :
" I expected to find in the Hungarians a manly and chi-
valrous spirit, but I was not disposed to expect a very high
degree of intellectual cultivation. To ray surprise, I dis-
covered an extent of intellectual culture which is not sur-
passed in any part of Europe. Not only at Pesth, but in
the remote parts of Northern Hungary, I met with many
persons who could speak Latin with as much fluency as
they speak their mother tongue. A knowledge of French
is almost universal among the educated classes, and in tra-
velling on the continent I have nowhere found so many that
could speak English as in Hungary."

He found that the Hungarians possessed in an
eminent degree the characteristics which are ex-
pressed by the word " gentleman."

The total number of sheep in the fair of Ballin-
asloe was 73,248, of which 69,811 were sold, leav-
ing 3,437 unsold. The total is less than the number
in 1860 by 6,840, and less than in 1859 by 18,671,
showing a falling off in the supply of nearly 20 per
cent in two years. This seems strange when
we consider that the lands of Connaught are more
extensively devoted to sheep-breeding than for-
merly. Disease among the flocks, occasioned by
the prevalence of wet weather, accounts, in some
measure, for the diminution. The other causes
assigned are lamb-feeding for the Dublin market
and for export, which brings a quick return of
money to the farmer, and the facilities afforded by
the railways to send up the sheep to Smithfield
whenever the market is favourable, which was done
to a considerable extent during the past year. If
we had the statistics which the railways could give
relating to this traffic, we should find a large in-
crease probably, instead of a diminution, in the
business of sheep-breeding beyond the Shannon.
There is, certainly, no falling off in the demand for
mutton, or in the prices which the butchers charge.
The prices rose on Saturday from 2s to 4s for
wethers, and is to 2s for ewes. Some of those who
purchased the day before re-sold at a considerable
profit. Ewes ranged from 36s to 58s, the top price
being 60s, and wethers from 36s to 58s, the top
price being 635. Some idea of the transactions may
be obtained from the following quotations :—Mr.
Hardy, of Mount Prospect, sold nearly 2,000 ewes
and wethers at prices ranging from 40s to 54s ; the
average may be set down as 495. Mr. Shiel sold a
prime lot of wethers at the top price, 635. The
same gentleman sold 440 sheep at prices varying
from 56s to 60s. Mr. O'Brien, of the firm of Whelan
and O'Brien, of Smithfield, purchased between 700
and 800 sheep at prices varying from 40s to 555.
Mr. John Eyre, of Galway, sold 240 hoggets at 445.
Mr. Potts sold a lot of sheep at 38s. Mr. Kerr, of
Longville, sold seven rams of the long-woolled kind
at from to £l4. Mr. Abernethy, of Carrig,
bought a Leicester ram at £lO. Mr. Mitchel, of
Munret Weedon, Yorkshire, sold a Leicester ram at
£lO to Mr. Reynolds, of Ballinasloe. The same
gentleman sold a ram to Lord Clare for £lO lOs ;
to Mr. Smyth, for £l5 15s ; to Lord Herbert, for
£l2 12s ; and to Lord Ashton, for £l2 19s. Mr.
George Thunder sold a lot of rams at from £lO to
£l5. Mr• Allan Pollok sold a lot of rams at from
.C 5 to £9, Lord Dunlo sold 100 wethers, at
51s 6d, to Mr. Thomas Hopkins, of Grandmount.
Mr. Wright, of Rathmoyle, sold 16 rams at from
15 to 22 guineas. Mr. Hopkins, of Gravelmount,
bought 130 wethers at 365, and 100 at 40s. Mr.
E. Kelly sold 100 ewe hoggets to Mr. Mahon,
of Weston, at 445. Mr. Thomas Roberts, of
Strokestown, sold 12 rams at prices varying from
£lO to £2O. Mr. John Johnson, of ]?ohena Lodge,
sold 130 ewes at 41s, and 120 at 39s ; also, 70 wether
hoggets at 395. Mr. Andrew Comyn, of Ballin-
derry, bought a ram for £l5 from Mr. Roberts ;
Mr. Christopher St. George bought one at £2O ;
Mr, Valentine O'Connor Blake purchased one and
hired two rams from Mr. Roberts, Strokestown,
having bought three sheep from him last season;
- Mr, /I H. Mike, of lighTille, gays gib for a ratu