The Sun.
London, England, 1861-08-31 00:00:00

THE SUN, LONDON, SATURDAY EVENiti6t, AUGUST 31,

JA,NDON, SATURDAY, AUGUST 31, 1881.

The Oracle has again spoken. Another French
Pamphlet has just issued, hot pressed, from the
great official publisher's. Another little chicken of
the Gallic Cock (or is it Eagle ?) has just chipped
the shell and is singing like chanticleer. The
Emperor, Rome, and the Sing of Italy. That is
the title of it. And it is certainly a title epigram-
matic enough, and, at the same time, comprehen-
sive enough for every purpose. It hits the sore
place at once—this keen shaft seemingly thrown
at random. Nay, the pen of the pamphleteer not only
touches the gangrened wound upon the very title-
page of the brochure, but in that single touch
probes it doyen to the bottom. Opening the
pages that lie underneath—the " Oracle" for
once, speaks out very plainly indeed, directly
to the point, and not in the least in the
old oracular way, that is—ambiguously. Direct-
ing, as it were, the dexter finger of his left
hand pointedly at Rome, the Imperial pamphleteer
writes, in fact, in words as plain as plain can be—
"France is about to withdraw her troops," That in
itself might be regarded as sufficient : but no—
more follows immediately—" and the principle of
non-intervention will be strictly maintained." It
is added, thureupon—of course for the encourage-
ment or re-assurance of the Catholic Powers—
that " There iv not a single guarantee, either
moral or material, which has not been offered
by the Italian Ministers [that is by the
Baron RICASOLI and his colleagues] for the
independence of the Sovereign Pontiff." Ob-
serve, " for the independence"—not of the earthly
Prince, not of the master of 2,000,000 or 3,000,000
of men ! The line of demarcation is drawn here,
more sharply and distinctly than ever it has been
drawn /et during all this war .of independence—

between the temporal and the spiritual authority
of the Government at Rome. It is " the independ-
ence of the Sovereign Pontiy" that is said to be
ensured thus by ever), conceivable moral and mate-
vial guarantee. The intimation that follows imme-
diately upon this must surely be allowed by
everyone—by RICASOLI and iut
-.ERODE, by GARI-
BALDI and ANTONELLI, by " Brigand " and
" Sardinian," by Reactionist and Revolutionist
alike— to be at length coming point-blank
to the very root of things • not any longer,
as the phrase is, beating about the bush, but
fairly tearing it up by the roots We have already
reen it announced "France is about to withdraw
her troops." We now have the passage about the
" guarantees" before-mentioned, followed at once
by this perfectly clear, perfectly deliberate, and I
perfectly comprehensible announcement—" If the
Court of Rome obstinately persists in refusing, an
appeal will be made to the Roman People." And
more—" The Plebiscite will take place under the eyes
of the French Army." And finally, our more than
Delphic Oracle observes, in what constitutes quite
a little resume of the programme now before Italy
and Europe, " If VICTOR EMMANUEL is called upon
to reign on the following day the French troops
will be relieved by the Italian troops—[there is no
shilly-shallying here : the day and the movement
are both indicated quite plainly beforehand]—and,"
it is added, "the King of ITALY will publish
the accordance agreed upon between him
and the Catholic Powers, with a view to
the independence of the Holy See." The pamphle-
teer hereupon adding—in a sort of lady's postscript—
" The POPE may then act as he pleases." So much
for 14. DENTu's new official brochure—issued not
as formerly under the grandiose signature of M.
le Viseerate
DE LA GITERRONIERE, but like the last
"rare few"
ot these wonderful pamphlets—" under
the inspiraticp—that is the courtly phrase—of a
certain high :personage.
At any ratio Earope has
this time the satisfaction
of knowing that "he" has
at last spoken out—
and, for once (so far
it goes), quite plainly.
Still he has given us /*moil
serious reasons be-
fore this to regard even his seemingly frankest
words and his apparently
meet disinterested acts
with suspicion that—
we ask ourselves next—ls this
really all ? Has this new pamphlet actually
al
everything t hat there is to be said upon the said

ject of these fresh arrangements for the indepen-
dence of Italy. How about the Island of Sardinia ?
Nay—remembering that in truth never-to-be-for-
gotten affair of Nice and Savoy—Now especially is
of all times the time when a jealous and watchful
regard ought to be kept upon the every turn,
upon the every suspicion of a turn, in the policy of
the French Government. Never yet ham the
French EMPEROR done an act of disin-
terestedness, but that it has directly after-
wards proved to have brought him some par-
ticular and positive gain in the shape of
what we politely term " a consideration." Was
he not the very QUIXOTE of Liberators in Lom-
bardy ? And did he not, immediately afterwards,
pocket, with the dirtiest trickery and in the slyest
fashion—Savoy and Nice ? Just before taking
which provinces :to himself in payment for his
magnanimous (!) and disinterested (!!) aid to the
Italians—he had again and again, through
his Ministers, by word of mouth, and
by written and printed documents, yet
to be referred to, asserted in the most solemn
manner, that he not only had not arranged tolhave
this very cession made to him, but that he had not
even the intention of ever arranging it. Directly
after which—Hey ! Presto ! Savoy and Nice had
been passed by a sleight of hand " dodge" from the
Royal Crown of Sardinia under the more capacious
diadem of France ! What was the use of quarrelling
then under the circumstances ? It was only a de-

lightful display of adroitness by the most
skilful of Imperial thimbleriggers ! Bat now
—lt is suspicious that we have only just a few
days since been reading in the columns of the
hloni-
teur again one of those excessively solemn and
deliberate, and positive assurances that France
has not the evil-intention that is rumoured. It
is suspicious, how very much like an echo of
the disclaimer about Savoy, was this last disclaimer
a day or two ago about Sardinia. France, it told us,
had not arranged to take the Island of Sardinia :
nay, France had never even thought of doing so.
The words sound too familiarly not to waken our
curiosity at once, not to pique our curiosity upon the
instant, not to rouse us forthwith to the keenest and
the most vigilant observation. Particularly now
that this last official and oracular pamphlet comes
forth from the Imperial press at Paris immediately
afterwards—just, too, in the very nick of time !
When all the world is scattered upon its holidays.
When everybody's attention is distracted by plea-
sure-seeking. When the English Parliament has
been more than a month prorogued. When there is
no longer that Argus-eyed British House of Commons
sitting at Westminster. Above all, one cannot but
see that this new Halcyon Project of NAPOLEON'S
comes to us smiling in so very questionable
a shape—remarking, as we cannot but remark,
how it places his policy (his policy ! the
policy of this filcher of Savoy and Nice, as the
price of Lombardy !) in that old illusory guise
of extravagant magnaminity and exaggerated dis-
interestedness ! It is not a rumour of yesterday,
mind ! that—As Savoy and Nice were the price paid
down for the liberation of Lombardy--so has it long
been an understood thing (all the virtuous
indignation of the Moniteur to the contrary,
nevertheless, notwithstanding!) that in return
for the evacuation of Rome by the French
troops, the French EMPEROR is to have ceded

..:
:o him the Island of Sardinia. Now that Par.

liament is up, now that even the Cabinet is
for the most part scattered—let Ministers
look well to it that things do not fall
out—as Mr: ROEBUCK only the other day declared
there was danger of their doing—as we ourselves
long before then had intimated they would do, in
these columns, again and yet again very nearly
in the same identical words. Viscount PALMER-
STON and Earl RUSSELL-but particularly Viscount
PALMERSTON, in his capacity as Prime Minister
—will be held responsible by the House of Com-
mons for the preservation of the Island of Sardinia
to Italy.

A capital letter has been written to our chief
morning contemporary by Mr. THOMAS ALCOCK,
the Member for East Surrey. It has reference to,
the sabject of our Metropolitan Improvements.
The hon. gentleman begins by asking serio-comi-
cally, but really with some show of reason,
whether it may not be that we are suddenly
inspired by the brilliant example of the Emperor
NAPOLEON in Paris, in setting to work, as we
unquestionably are doing, to accomplish similar
improvements here in our own metropolis ? Time
enough certainly it is that in this way we should
bestir ourselves, and that in earnest. And that
we are virtually bestirring ourselves at last, Mr.
ALCOCK takes occasion at once to place beyond the
further possibility of doubt in our own minds by
enumerating a few of the great public works al-
ready commenced, or that are upon the very eve of
commencing. For instance, he says—" A Thames
embankment projected 36 years ago by Sir F.
TRENCH is about to be commenced ; a great scheme
for the drainage of the capital is in progress ; new
Government offices are promised ; railways are in
course of construction, which will facilitate metro-
politan locomotion ; Westminster-bridge is nearly
completed ; a new bridge at Blackfriars is to re-
place the existing structure, and the old horse-ferry
at Lambeth is to be superseded by a suspended
highway." Very wisely the Member for East
Surrey says nothing at all about the changes for
the better that might be looked for among our
London street statuary. For really if they were
to be looked for, where in the name of PHIDIAS or
of the ELGIN Marbles are they anywhree to be
taand P Not assuredly in that copper-coloured
effigy, shining with as brazen a face as a new
tea-ketti,—that eccentric effigy of the brave
HAVELOCK, in which the General wears a cloak as
no sane man 'would ever dream of wearing a cloak
under any conceivable combination of circumstances.
Certainly
a metropolitan improvement of this kind,
that is to say, an improvement of a sculpturesque
character is not to be looked for in that extraordi-
nary effigy of Fame or Honour, or some such
allegorical personage crowning (literally crowning)
the Guards' memorial in Waterloo-place. The
back view of this same memorial, by the way, is
grotesque enough in itself to demonstrate at once
the folly of looking there for the improvement.
But, after all, perhaps, the best view of any that
can be obtained of the figure of Fame (we were
going to say the figure of Fun) at the top of it—is
when the spectator, having walked westwards from
it along Pall-mall, to a sufficient distance, turns
upon his heel to contemplate Madame Fame, or
Honour, or -whoever she may be, anew. The ob-
server will there find from that point of view (it is
because of this wo strongly recommend it) that the
allegorical young lady, with her arms extended,
appears literally to be performing a perillous rope
walk a la BLONDIN, upon the electric wire stretch-
ing across the roadway. A sketch of the Spectacle
thus brought to light would not be unworthy of the
pencil of one of Mr. Punch's delightful caricaturists.
We hereby offer the hint, in fact, to our merry
little friend, with our politest compliments.
The metropolitan improvements alluded to by
Mr. ALCOCK, therefore, have nothing at all to do
with our London statuary. They are of the broad
and comprehensive character specified in the list we
have already quoted from the hon. gentleman's letter

to our contemporary. Having enumerated them,
however, the writer goes on to comment upon that
extremely fruitful theme for disquisition, the room
there is for others—in too many instances the
urgent necessity there is for others. He sets
out with the well known fact—a fact that
reveals not so very much disproportion between the
results after all, if we will but bear in mind the
different dimensions of the two rivers—that
" while Paris, with a population under 2,000,000,
possesses 24 bridges, London, with its 3,000,000
inhabitants, has only 8 bridges, and of these but
three are free to the public." The member for
East Surrey hastens to remark at once that
"Waterloo-bridge is, indeed, an honour to the archi-
tect, as being the finest structure of its kind pro-
bably in the world ;" but, he adds, and with reason,
" it will continue a disgrace to our Government so
long as it is subject to toll, which operates as a
cause of obstruction in the parts contiguous to the
free bridges."
Again—while we are yet upon this subject of the
toll-bridges still difiguring London—it may be as
well to quote precisely in Mr. ALCOCK'S own words
what it is he says about the iron bridge situated
between London and Blackfriars-bridges. He writes
thus upon this point—" Southwark-bridge is stil
sealed against the public because the City authorities
cannot agree with the proprietors as to its price, and
while these two bodies are haggling about a few
thousand pounds (instead of referring the matter to
arbitration) the traffic between Middlesex and
Surrey is impeded, and the character of the City
and of city men is damaged." It is only after he
has written all this, that he comes at length to the
object of the communication in which it occurs.
He offers to the public at large his own suggestion
of yet another improvement for the metropolis, and
an improvement, too, that will hold oat the tempta-
tion of giving very fair promise indeed of proving
eventually remunerative.
The price of land in London he sets down as at
(upon the average) £lOO,OOO the acre. He then
enumerates the expenses involved in the construc-
tion of the different bridges of late years—viz.,
£3 ss. per foot for the new bridges at Westmin-
ster and at Blackfriars, £2 ss. per foot for the sus-
pension bridge at Battersea, and so forth. He after-
wards writes—" Let us suppose, then, a foot bridge
to be built at St. Paul's or Charing-crone at a cost
of .£2 per foot, including a glazed roof. Such a
structure, 1,000 feet long and 30 feet wide, afford-
ing a free thoroughfare 14 feet wide, and stalls on
either side 8 feet square, would cost £60,000. Let
as suppose further a series of shops on either side of
this viaduct (250 in all), and that the rent of each
was £5O a-year, this would produce a revenue of
£12,500, which affords a profit of above 20 per
cent., or, at £3O rent, £7,500, equal to 121 per
cent. on the total outlay." "In fact," he says—
"my proposition in brief is, to create cheap land
by means of Bazaar Bridges, which shall, gra-
tuitously to the public, connect Middlesex with
Surrey, and shall prove a remunerative specula-
tion to any company embarking in such a project."
The idea is really, we cannot but think, a very good
one. It is certainly quite good enough to be en-
titled to serious examination. In this age of
crystal roofs, and iron girders, and above all of
engineering skill and commercial enterprise, we
don't by any means despair of yet witnessing the
realisation of the picturesque day-dream of the
member for East Surrey. The realisation of a day-
dream, in point of fact, that would come admirably
well in aid of the Thames Embankment.

A NEW GUN.—Messrs. Deane and Son, of Lon-
don-bridge, have patented a gun, combining the novelty of a
breech and muzzle loader in the same piece, which appears
to us to be not only a very ingenious, but also a moat im-
portant and excellent invention, and one that can scarcely
fail of being highly appreciated in the sporting world, as it
offers advantages in the field possessed, we believe, by no
other weapon of its kind. Its appearance is that of an ordi-
nary muzzle-loading fowlingpiece, the nipples occupying
their usual position in the patent breeches, and is dis-
charged, whether loaded at the breech or muzzle, by that
universal favourite, the percussion cap. To load at the
breech it is only necessary to move a small lever placed in
the locality of the trigger guard, which unbolts the barrels
and allows them to be pressed down for the reception of
the cartridge, which is easily inserted. The cartridge is of
the simplest construction, being a paper tube filled with
powder and shot, having a muslin end to insure ignition.
DR. CAPLIN'S CASE-BOOK.—This volume is pub-
lished by Mr. Balliere, and the object the author has in
view is to show the efficiency of his recent discoveries in
electricity as a curative agent, in opposition to the usual
mode of treatment adopted by the medical profession in
many of the various diseases to which flesh is heir to. The
cases quoted and the cures recorded are very surprising,
and cannot fail to bring vividly before the imagination of
the thoughtless the dangers encountered in leading a life
of irregularity. The technical style in which medical
works are generally composed is in the present case entirely
avoided, and a well-written, plain, and comprehensible
volume is the result. Even a casual reader cannot rise
from its perusal without being a wiser man ; and that
being the case, it deserves a wide and extensive circulation.
A DANGEROUS PLACE TO SLEEP IN.—A lament-
able accident occurred at Nice some days since, on the
occasion of distributing prizes to the pupils of the Christian
Brothers. The ceremony took place in the Theatre
Tiranty, and a M. Gilly, accompanied by a friend, had the
imprudence to place himself beside the ventilator in the
ceiling, where both of them fell asleep. On awaking, about
eight o'clock in the evening, Gilly, not remembering where
he was, turned over, and was precipitated into the pit from
a height of forty-five feet. His groans being heard, he was
removed to a neighbouring house, and medical assistance
procured, but he died two hours after.
A BoY DROWNED IN THE RIVER.—An inquest
was held on Thursday night at the Essex Head public-
house, Essex-street, Strand, before Mr. Payne, coroner,
on the body of Joseph Carpenter, a boy aged nine
years. It appears from the statement of a boy, that
he and the deceased were playing in a boat on the lower
side of Westminster pier, when it capsized and they fell in
the water ; he laid hold of a rope, and was fortunately saved,
but the tide carried the deceased away, and before any
assistance could be rendered he sank and was drowned.
A waterman's apprentice, named George Wilson, found his
body floating by the Temple-pier, and brought it ashore.
, The jury returned a verdict of accidental death.

THE CHARING CROSS RAILWAY COMPANY.—
Yesterday Mr. Coombe gave his decision in this case,
which was a dispute as to the loss Mr. Howard would sus-
tain in removing from his house, which was required by
the railway company. Mr. Rice, the claimant's valuer,
thought 'he was entitled to about £9OO. The company
offered £270 for loss of business, and £lOO for removal of
stock, as the claimant was but a yearly tenant. The magis-
trate thought that £370 was a fair equivalent. Beth parties
were ordered to pay their own costs. _ _

THE PROPERTY OF THE MURDERED MRS.
EMSLEY. —Yesterday Mr. Woolrych, the magistrate of the
Thames police-court, ordered the whole of the property in
the possession of the police belonging to the late Mrs,
Emsley to be delivered to Mr. Peachey, who had been ap-
pointed by the Court of Chancery to "receive the rents and
profits of the freehold and leasehold estates, and also to col-
lect and get in the outstanding debts to her belonging."
A CLERGYMAN CHARGED WITH ROBBERY.—The
Rev. Henry Holloway, a clergyman of the Churchof Eng-
land and stated to have been formerly Chaplain to the
Hospital of St. Cross, Winchester, was taken into custody
a few days ago and charged at the Westminster Police
Court with stealing a reticule from the first-class waiting-
, room of the Chatham and Dover Railway, at the Victoria
station, Pimlieo. It appeared that from certain circum-
stances coming to the knowledge of Mr. James Broderick,
the station-master of the London, Chatham, and Dover
Railway, placed a reticule in the first-class waiting-room
on the previous evening, while the prisoner was there,
and shortly afterwards it was missed. Prisoner was then
inquired whether he
followedhad
any
objection t,
Ia
rigt s
ebeingleathern
ern bag which he
carried with him being searched, replied, " not the least."
Upon its being opened, the reticule was discovered, and pri-
soner declared he was not aware that it was there. In
answer to the charge when before the magistrate on the
first occasion, the accused said that he had put a number
of papers out of his bag in the waiting-room, and having
occasion suddenly to leave it, requested a gentleman, who
was with him there, to replace them in his bag, and the
gentleman must also have put the reticule in, considering
that it belonged to him. Mr. Carpenter, the superintendent
of the London and Brighton Railway Police, yesterday
attended with several witnesses, who distinctly swore that
no other person but the prisoner was in the waiting •roora
when the reticule was stolen. The prisoner was again re-
manded, and as other charges were mentioned against him,
the magistrate refused to accept bail for his appearance.

LATEST NEWS.

FRANCE AND ROME.

PARIS, AUG. 30, EVENING.

A new pamphlet, entitled The Emperor, Rome,
and the Ring of Italy, has appeared this morning.
The substance of tha pamphlet implies that it is
impossible to see actually at Rome anything else
but a " Coblenz" directed against the King of Italy,
the Emperor of the French, civilisation, progress,
the country, and liberty.
Such a conspiracy cannot be tolerated under the
French flag.

France is about to withdraw her troops, and
the principle of non-intervention will be strictly
maintained: There is not a single guarantee, either
moral or material, which has not been offered by
the Italian Ministers for the independence of the
Sovereign Pontiff.
If the Court of Rome obstinately persists in re-
fusing, an appeal will be made to the Roman people.
The Plebiscite will take place under the eyes of
the French army.

If Victor Emmanuel is called upon to reign, on
the following day the French troops will be relieved
by the Italian troops, and the King of Italy will
publish the accordance agreed upon between him
and the Catholic Powers with a view to the inde-
pendence of the Holy See.
The Pope may then act as he pleases.

PARIS, AUG. 31.

The Alloniteur of to-day publishes a decree, ex-
tending the provisions of the decree of the 13th of
February, 1861, to woollen piece goods, and those
containing a mixture of cotton, silk, and hair.

CONSTANTINOPLE, AUG. 30.

During the late negotiations with Omar Pasha
the Prince of Montenegro demanded the recogni-
tion of his independence, the extension of the Mon-
tenegrin frontier to the river Moratcha, and the
cession of the port of Spitza.

The Porte refused to accede to these demands.

BERNE, AUG. 31.

Th© Federal Council has received a note from the
French Government, stating that it considers the
scandalous affair which took place on the frontiers
of the canton of Geneva on Aug. 25 as a violation
of French territory.

The note of the French Government demands
satisfaction on this account, and an indemnity to
be paid to those wounded and arrested on that
occasion.

THE PENINSULAR MAILS.
SOUTHAMPTON, SATURDAY.
The Peninsular and Oriental Company's steamer
Sultan arrived here this morning with the Penin-
sular mails, 46 passengers, £1,218 in specie, and
1,500 packages of cargo.

LISBON; AUG. 27.

Among the passengers by the Sultan, which
sailed to -day for Southampton, are 12 nuns of the
Convent of Sion House, who return to England,
having purchased an establishment in Dorsetshire.
The sisters carry with them the stone cross which
formerly stood over the gateway of Sion House,
Isleworth, and also several ancient statues which
adorned their original church.

The vines are much improved, and the yield o
wine, it is expected, will be much larger than here•
tofore.

The King has been well received at all the places
he visited on his way to Oporto.

This summer is the hottest on record.

Trade is exceedingly dull. Money scarce. Ex•
change on London, three months, 534 531 ; Paris,
530 ; Amsterdam, 424 ; Hamburg, 48 ; Genoa, 528
Bank of Lisbon Shares, 285 ; Bank of Oporto, 250
Mercantile Bank of Oporto, 258 ; Three per Cents.
Rentes, 48 ; Coupons, 48 ; Deferred, 40.

!186L

tese officer, Major Fiore, of the Carabineers, and
another Major of the 46th Infantry, while endea-
vouring to check the ardour of the troops, were
crushed by a falling wall. This is one of the in-
stances in which the disposition of mind of the
Italian soldiers had an opportunity to show itself.
The long taunts about Italian poltroonery have
stung the whole of this population to such an ex-
tent that whenever an opportunity offers all the
men in uniform deem it their duty to rush into
danger with mad impetuosity and contempt of life.
It is to be hoped that discretion will soon become
the best part of their valour. The town is greatly
cast down by this unexpected catastrophe.
A letter from Naples on the 25th, in the Debats,
says :—"The mountains of Matese extend 12 miles
from Piedmonte d'Alife, in the south, to Campo-
basso in the north, and 30 miles from Isernia in
the west, to Benevento in the east. The intended
operations of General Pinelli, with 4,000 regular
soldiers, and 19 battalions of mobilised guards,
will crush the 600 brigands, the remnants of the
bands of Avalino, Benevento, Molise, the Capi-
tanate, and the Terra di Lavoro, which have taken
refuge in the Matese, and going about in groups of
30 or 40 men, have pillaged and burnt several vil-
lages in the mountain, which has recently given
rise to the fear that brigandage was reviving.
There was reason to apprehend that the brigands
in the Matese, consisting of Bavarians, Pontifical
Zouaves, escaped convicts, and Sicilian sbirri,
might attempt to enter the Papal States by the
mountains in the Terra di Lavoro; so, to prevent
this, General Govone has established a cordon of
5,000 men between Sora and Gaeta. The inhabi-
tants of the Matese fight well. In the affdir last
week, at Lagopesole, out of our 43 wouded, 32
were ex-Bourbonists ; among them is Lieutenant
Delitala. On the Ist Sept. the city of Naples
will take possession of the octroi ; on the Ist
October the entrepot for free importation and ex-
portation will be established in the Dogana Nuora,
and the financial administrations will be installed
in the Palazzo Gravina ; and on the Ist Nov. the
National Bank of Turin will open a branch at
Naples. The crop of corn is good, and if the rice
still remains at 27 carlini, it is because the farmers
hesitate to send their produce to market, because
public security is not yet complete. Maize is defi
cient. The yield of oil and wine is excellent. For
the last year no money has been coined at the
Zecca of Naples, for want of a new law to regulate
the proportion of alloy, as the Italian money con-
tains only one-tenth of alloy, and the Neapolitan
one-sixth. Measures have been taken to remedy
this defect, owing to which we were threatened
with a monetary crisis."

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THE SUN.