The Sun.
London, England, 1861-09-21 00:00:00

her touch would have smashed and sent to the

bottom, that nothing but the pfrfect response to

the helm of the vast mass of iron saved them

from der+i•wtion, or the mighty vessel from get-

ting aground.

This difficulty completely de-

monstrated one capability of the Warrior.

Should it be imperative for her to force

an entrance into an enemy's harbour, the most in-
tricate passage with depth enough of water will
not hinder her progress. Heedless of balls, which
will rattle off her iron casing, of shells, which will
smash themselves on it, and of even molten iron
which cannot set cold iron on fire, she will hold on

her winding way till she has done the work

assigned her.

So smooth was the water all the voyage that no
fair conception can yet be formed of what will be

her behaviour in a storm.

We have just had a sad

warning not to trust too much the verdict of ordi-

nary seas and rough weather, in this respect. Still

we have no fear that tha Warrior will disappoint us.

Her hold on the water, and the power of her rudder

seem to be equal to placing her in the position to
breast the hurricane like a petrel, and we shall
hope that such will be the result of actual trial.
Lightly and buoyantly she moved over such swell
as she had to encounter, and an Atlantic gale will,

we trust, only illustrate still more satisfactorily the

same qualities.

Sixteen miles an hour is the speed which may
fairly be expected of her; fourteen and a half she
has done with a foul bottom, and the launching
cleats still attached to her. With her armament
she is not a vessel to need taking up a safe distance
from an antagonist, whom she may pound at her
leisure, but her speed will enable her to overtake
the fugitives who might be but too happy to evade
her two 100-pounder Armstrongs, and her thirty-six
68-pounders of 95 cwt. The power of her arma-
ment La Gloire will certainly never test if she can
help it. One point of no little practical importance
in an engagement was established. Her small
ports—small to protect the gunners inside—instead
of keeping in the smoke, kept it out ; and the
weather being so calm, the maindeck was actually
elcar of smoke while the cloud still enveloped the
spar deck.

The engines seem to be beyond all praise. Their
enormous power, little short, if needed, of 6,000
horses ; their smooth and noiseless working from
the first; the consequent absence of vibration in
the solid sides of the hull of the huge vessel; the
simplicity of the machinery, the magnitude
and irresistible motion of whose parts approaches
the awful or sublime, leave nothing to be desired.
What this mechanical omnipotence is, may be partly
conceived from the fact that they have to start from
a state of rest, and to impel, at a speed of 16 miles
au hour, a total weight of about 9,000 tons, and that
too against the resistance of the water in which she
lies to a depth of 26 feet and upwards. One mighty
screw is the fish-tail through which this power ope-
rates on the elemont in which it is immersed, and
which propels the giant and solid mass with a force
We may well believe, would send to the
bottom
any ship of An „enemy against whom she

could dirly ran. Wr hate tittle doubt that could
the Warrior run into La Gloire amidships her
glory would at once go to the bottom.

What next ? The last news from America is the
most remarkable of all. " A great sensation among
diplomatic circles" is indeed nothing wonderful,
when we learn that the CZAR has written a letter
to the President—the Autocrat of all the Russias
to the elect of half the once United States. The
telegraph assures us, however, that such is the fact,
and that the letter " is in favour of the Union," and
"recommends Feace " How the advice will be re-
ceived by either the North or the South; and
whether it is proferred in consequence of any secret
arrangements at St. Petersburg with the great Mr.
CLAY, who gave us such a wholesome lesson, while
on his way to the Russian capital, no one yet can tell.
One thing we may be permitted to believe, that the
most friendly advice, if impartial, from the Govern-
ment of this country would have been looked on as an
impertinence, and we should have probably been
told that we might advise, if we pleased, such
powers as Belgium, or Naples, or Switzerland,
but that the mighty American Union, or Two
Unions, needed no advice from England.
Russia, however, need not fear a rude reply—
that is, not one intentionally rude, for we are by

no means sure that any American Government un-

derstands good breeding enough to keep clear of
improprieties, even when it does not wish to be
guilty of them. The idea that they are by far the
greatest nation on the earth has become so habitual
with Americans, that they can hardly deal with
foreign countries without in some way allowing the
offensive quality to appear. Their very attempts
at modesty and dignity betray their self-conceit.
To a CZAR, however, they are sure to behave as
well as they know how. Indeed, they regard
themselves as a nation of Czars—a rather inconve-
nient notion at times, and one which Bull's Run
has taught them must be kept in abeyance, at least
in times of war. Still, a man who does just as he
likes, with small regard to others' rights and con-
veniences, is one with whom any Yankee member
of ITS MAJESTY THE Mon, or any Southern slave-
holder, can naturally sympathise. Their notions of
neum and tuum are essentially alike ; and if one
has his Poland, the other can point to its Texas
and the pounds of territorial flesh cut off from

Mexico.
The CZAR has one good title to be an adviser.

He is a serf-emancipator. He, and even NICHOLAS,

foresaw the danger of a slave population, and its
effect in retarding the agriculture and commerce
of the country. The Czars, to do them justice,
needed no "Helper's Impending Crisis," to teach
them that an empire tilled by compulsory labour,
could never equal, much less rival those nations in
which each man enjoyed the fruits of his own

industry. The Czars saw also in the Crimea the
difference between military freemen and mili-
tary bondsmen, and they were wise enough to
resolve that in future Russian soldiers should fight
for their own lands and homesteads, and should be
not only ready to stand and be shot at wherever
the Czar ordered them, but should be fired with a
freeman's zeal to repel invaders from his country's
shores.

We may hope ALEXANDER 11. has confidentially,

if not in a public document, adverted to this sub-
ject in his communications to the Americans. He
writes to a republic which openly professes that
" all men beneath its flag are born free and equal,"
and that they have "certain inalienable rights,
among which are life, liberty, and the pursuit
of happiness." He may properly remind them
of the mischievous oversight they have committed
in "alienating" so long what they have declared
to be " inalienable." He might point to the eco-

nomical difference between the two sections of

the Union, to the present quarrel, to the moral
judgment of Christendom, to the certainty that
in the long run millions of coloured men must gain
the upperhand, and take by force what was refused to
justice. He might tell them too how much cheaper
it would be to compensate for all the slaves, than
to carry on a long and wasting war, Nothing in-
deed could be easier than for a mediating CZAR to
show both to North and South, that they would be
immense gainers by agreeing to unite again on the
bases of emancipation and compensation for slaves.
The struggle of nearly a century would be then
closed for ever. Trade and commerce would find
their home as naturally in the South as in the
North. The parties in Congress would be no longer
geographical, but based on those natural differences
of opinion which are inevitable in all educated com-
munities ; and the vast Union might then become
really a Union, and enter on a course of rivalry in
the arts of peace with all the nations of the earth.
The concomitant news with that, however, which
has called forth these remarks, is still all of war.
Loans, not to purchase emancipation, but to pay
for soldiers, whom the North will be compelled to
make emancipators, are still one prominent item.
Mr. CHASE, we are told, is getting on well in
borrowing money at 7 3-10ths per cent. ; and if
the rate of Government interest be any inducement

to invest, he certainly ought not to want sub-
scribers. The North is also at last retaliating in
.mod earnest on the South for confiscating debts
due to the North ; and we now learn that seizures
of Southern property in the Northern States are
taking place on an extensive scale. Political par-
ties also are uniting. The Democrats at one
time, since the war began, appeared to show
symptoms of vacillation, but they have held a
State Convention in New York, where they were
strongest, and havevigorous prosecution passed o
resolutionsf the
w arr.ecom-
mending the
The account given of the armies is also alto-
gether warlike. The number of the Confederate
force opposite Washington is
given at 125,000 men,
an army which, if BEAUREGARD has not thrown
away his time for training it, will not be routed in
a battle or two, even if it should be beaten. As to
the following part of the telegram, we could have
wished the framers of the telegrams had studied
COBBETT'S grammar on the pronouns, had the sen-
tences been of very great importance. For we do
not feel very sure of the reference, though We Sun_
pose the word " they' to refer to the Confederate r
forces. The more so, because it was affirmed
that the Confederate army was in great want
of provisions. But when it is added that ~ a,
immediate attack is intended," we are compelled to
ask—by whom ? Do the Confederates, because
they are strong and well-fed, intend to attack
M'CLELLAN and Washington. Or does APCLEL-
LAN mean to attack them. There have been so
many rumours both ways, that no mortal can
guess. The difference is the probable repulse of
the attacking party. But as we have no reason
to think there is more in the rumour than iu so
many of its predecessors, we need not try to
conjecture what the facts are. By sea the block-
ade is still imperfect, at least a ship from Liver-
pool, the Gordon, is said to have arrived at
Beaufort, we presume the place of that name in
North Carolina, and not far South of Pamlico
Sound, the scene of the late naval triumph.

So our advanced-Liberal friend Mr. WHALLEY,
member for Peterborough, has been solemnly in
vested with the mantle just dropped by our staunch
Tory old friend Mr. SPOONER. Last session, with

a martyr's zeal, he took up the causein the House
of Commons—Protestantism versus Maynooth, or

rather the Maynooth Grant ; though we are by no
means sure that the men who take away the grant
leaving Protestant endowments at the same time
where they are, would not willingly burn Maynooth
to the ground, and, perhaps, throw its inmates into
the fire, had not their own tempers shared the
humane sentiments of an age which discusses the
expediency of hanging even murderers. But theolo-
gi2al zealots never lack logic. Granted that all
murderers, and that a fortiori soul murderers,
ought to suffer capital punishment, then it stands
thus—

All murderers ought to be hung ;
Popish teaching is that worst of murders, soul
murder ;

Therefore all Popish teachers ought to be hung.
What Protestant who does not follow Mr. EWART
on the subject of capital punishments can deny
the validity of the Orange syllogism. Of course
Papists might have something to quibble about in
the second term, but then we never let the murderer
or even the thief define what is murder or theft.

How then any Protestant can be so illogical,
that, if he will not hang or burn the soul murderers,
he will not even prevent them from murdering, it
quite passes the clear comprehension of Mr.
WHALLEY and his Tory Orange friends to con-
ceive. 4o them the whole subject is so clear that a
Protestant community must be wilfully blind not to
see with them. The prospect from Trem
Tower is not on a bright day more open
to the view, than the self-evidencing argu-
ments which prove that Maynooth ought to be
razed to the ground, and the endowment bestowed
on the pauper Episcopal Church of Ireland—
pauper, of course, we mean, in the numbers of her
children.

But this Trem Tower is the centre of the story—
some of our readers may be so ignorant as to have
read much and travelled a little too, but not
to know Trem Tower. Let them learn then that
it is a tower situated on a hill belonging to Mr.
WHALLEY'S beautiful seat at Ruabon. It is
what, in many cases, is called "a Folly"
but Trem Tower will not be so :as-
suredly. It seems the Orangemen in Liverpool
and its neighbourhood determined on having an
" out." Mr. WHALLEY'S park was admirably
adapted for the spree. Thither they repair with
bands and banners, sashes and rosettes, as is their
wont—form in a circle in front of the house—
and after Brother RICHARD HOLMES, D.P.G.M.,
had duly anointed Mr. WHALLEY parlia-
mentary prophet, in the room of Mr.
SPOONER, superannuated, and :Mr. WHALLEY
had delivered a heavy, humble, yet hopeful
address on the present madness, and probably early
death, of Popery, all the party, flags, drums, ser-
pents, &c., &c., moved off in triumph to Trem
Tower.
"In the multitude of counsellers thire lacketh
not wisdom." So after proper consultation with
many gentlemen, forth came the proprietor of
Trem Folly—Tower, we mean—and declared it to
be thenceforth dedicated to the furtherance
of Protestantism. All true Protestants were
to be free of it from that day forth for lectures
or any other performance, which could
further the interests of Protestantism. We
should think Sir CULLING EARDLEY and his Evan-
gelical Alliance would find it a "nice" place to hold
one of their meetings in. We have little doubt
that Mr. WHALLEY'S hospitality, and a visit to a
pleasant spot in Wales, would get together a
goodly meeting any day. At any rate,
Tram Tower now stands the rival fortress to
Maynooth, happily at a distance so safe that the
tenants of each will not come into personal collision
with each other. The Orange bands may leave
their pistols at home while parading about Ruabon-
park, and will be in no danger of an attack with
stones, even if they play their favourite air, " Crop-
pies lie down."

THE SAILOR PRINCE IN LIVERPOOL.

His Royal Highness Prince Alfred arrived yesterday
morning by the ordinary mail train from Scotland, where the
Prince had been visiting his Royal rarents at Balmoral. The
train reached the Lime-street station about a quarter to six
o'clock. The Mayor's carriage was in waiting, and in it, ac-
companied by Major Cowell, his Royal Highness was con-
veyed to the Adelphi Hotel, where apartments had been
prepared for his reception. As soon as the Prince reached
his temporary residence the Royal standard was hoisted on
the flag-staff at the top of the hotel.

In the course of the morn, ng the Prince was waited upon
by Colonel Sir John Jones, K.C.8., and Commander South-
waite, and a little after ten o'clock the Mayor (S. R. Graves,
Esq,), arrived at the hotel in his private carriage. As the
Prince wished his present visit to Liverpool to be considered
a private one the corporation state carriage was not brought
into requisition. A large crowd of persons assembled op-
posite the Adelphi Hotel to witness the departure of the
Prince on his tour round the docks. The tradesmen in the
immediate neighbourhood hoisted flags, and from the
Waterloo Hotel, Compton House, and the Liver Esta-
blishment the Royal standard floated in the breeze.
. _

About 20 :minutes to 11 o'clock the Prince, accompanied
by the Mayor and the officers above-named, took his seat in
an open carriage, and amid the cheers of the spectators
drove off down Ranelag,h-street on his way to the great
landing stage. Here he embarked on board the steam tender
Satellite, in order to view the line of docks, and visit the
Conway, the Akbar, and also the Royal mail steam ship
Niagara, in which he will sail to-day. His Royal Highness
then inspected the Observatory, whence he proceeded in the
Mayor's carriage to one of the dock warehouses, and after-
wards he visited St. George's Hall, the Sailors' Home, the
Free Public Library, and other public buildings. His
worship the Mayor gave the Royal Prince a view of " high
change" about half-past three o'clock in the afternoon from
the balcony of the Town Hall. In the evening his Royal
Highness dined at the Town Hall with his worship the
Mayor, and about 30 or 40 gentlemen, to whom his worship
had issued invitations. Amongst the invited guests were
the Right Hon. the Earl of Derby, the Earl of Sefton, Sir
Edward Cust, &c.

A SCENE IN THE NEW ZEALAND PARLIAMENT.
—Mr. Fox spoke for upwards of two hours. He spoke well,
but it was generally thought that it was not one of his hap-
piest displays. While he was speaking the house presented
an animated scene. Two rooms occupying the space behind
the Speaker's chair were crowded with ladies, who could
scarcely refrain at times from signifying their assent to or
dissent from the assertions of the succeeding orators. Every
foot of room not appropriated to members were occupied by
gentlemen who had obtained Mr. Speaker's order, and the
public gallery was crammed to the ceiling. Once or twice
during Mr. Fox's speech there was such confusion and noise,
owing to the eagerness of the crowd to obtain access to the
gallery, that he was compelled to stop and appeal to the
Speaker. The gallery was well filled before the business of
the evening commenced, but it seems there were as many
more outside anxious to get in. On a sudden they made a
rush and carried the door by a coup de main. For a few
moments there was a great uproar. It was feared that some
" serious accidents would ensue. The denizens of the gallery
thus suddenly overwhelmed by the advancing tide of
human beings uttered doleful cries of alarm and suffering.
Oh, oh 1"Ob, "
my leg I" " Police !" " Oh, I'm crushed I
My arm! Oh 1" The House rose in agitation, and for a
short time it was thought that order could not be restored;
but at last the police succeeded in closing the door again ;
and, though a sufficient number of persons had forced their
way in to make a seat in the gallery a mere figure of speech
—the occupants being now jammed together like herrings
in a barrel—order was at length restored. The debate,
uwnhtiiclha
bc
tmt ehte e
se
al
e hour n Wednesday
()n y: evening ate 5n
theo'clock,
house lasteddi_
vided, and the motion was carried by a majority of one. I
shall not be able to tell you what course Ministers will
adopt, as the House does not meet again till Tuesday. The
mail will leave to-day. It is said that the majority of one
would not have been obtained had the debate been pro-
longed another hour. A vessel was coming up the harbour
having on board a newly elected member. Somehow or
other it was ascertained that he was a voter for Govern-
ment. Mr. Fox was speaking in reply. A slip of paper
was put into his hands with this significant hint—" Cut it
short.
has arrived, and will be here directly." Ac-
cordingly he did cut it short, and thereby gained his majo-
rity of one I—(Auckland Correspondent of the New Zea-
Paid Examiner.)

ES T NEW 8.

AMERICA.

(LATEST BY TELEGRAPH via CAPE RACE.)
NEW YORK, SEPT. 10.

The Emperor of Russia has addressed a letter to
the American Government in favour of the Ameri-
can Union, and recommending peace.
This letter has created a great sensation in diplo-
matic circles.
The report of the death of President Jefferson
Davis is still unconfirmed.
Military matters remain unchanged.
Preparations for fresh naval expeditions are being
made.