The Sun.
London, England, 1857-10-20 00:00:00

LONDON, TUESDAY, OCT. 20, 1857.

does not consist of gold only. We have at least
from seven to eight thousand millions' worth of
property in the United Kingdom ; and yet the
abstraction of a few millions—analogous to the
loss of a five-pound note to a man worth
eight or ten thousand pounds occasions
the most fearful privations—the most terrible
fears. Money or currency is but the mere mea-
sure of value. It would be considered a great
absurdity, if persons wanting food were to remain
starving because the provisions could not be
weighed or measured at the authorised scales, or
that a linendraper or mercer should not dispose
of his commodities unless he had golden measures
wherewith to mete them forth to his customers !

The bullionists are now following the example
of the man who killed the goose that supplied
golden eggs, and they may, perhaps, participate in
the catastrophe that must occur. They are well
off ! But although they may not think so, their
interests are indissolubly connected with those
of the industrial community. It is the creators
and producers of natural wealth that find employ-
ment for their capital, and they should be satis-
fied to share in the profits. " The greed of gain"
may involve themselves in the destruction which
they are preparing for their neighbours. It will be
a novel illustration of " the Engineer hoist with
his own petard."
The nature of the disease is now manifest. The
cure is simple and easy. We want a suitable
measure and representative of value, that will not
be affected by foreign convulsions. People choose
to hoard gold, to lock it up in cabinets and
closets—to bury it in cellars ! But it no longer
fulfils its functions under such circumstances. It
might, for all practical purposes, as well be de-
stroyed as hoarded for the time being. The
periodical depressions of the Money Market, not
in one locality only, but in every part of the
world, are almost inexplicable. Gold might flow
from London to Paris or Amsterdam, to Ham-
burg or New York ; but, still, if wanting in one
quarter it ought to be found in another. But it
seems to " have vanished from the face of crea-
tion," as our transatlantic brethren say. It is
nowhere ! In every place the same cry is main-
tained. Money, or rather currency, is just as
scarce in one place as another. The bees are still
sacrificed to the drones, and the creation of honey
is prohibited.

It is surely time something should be attempted
on behalf of the industrial classes. No deposit
of gold is required for dome'stic circulation.
Taxation is a sufficient basis for currency, and if
placed under legislative authority—if there was
some partyt responsible to the nation—there could
be no excess. There would be an absorption of
some twelve hundred thousand pounds a week foi
fiscal purposes, and a proportionate issue would
keep everything straight.
At present an extended issue of notes is re-
quired, and those notes should be of small
denominations. The credit of the Bank
is perfect. The public are just as well
satisfied with its notes as with bullion, and
" the worthless rags" possess A purchasing
power, fully equal to the brightest coin. But
still, State paper would be more satisfactory. It
would be guaranteed not only by the entire ae•
cumulated and realised proparty of the realm, bu
by the thews and sinews of every working man.
Thera could be no danger of stoppage. If gold
was at a premium, it would only arise from
the natural law of supply and demand ; and
that could not occasion a tenth-part of the dis-
turbance or annoyance produced by the present
fluctuations and perturbations of the money-
market. There must he some movement, and
that speedily, on the part of Government. The
Act of 1844 must be suspended, and that suspen-
sior, while it saves the nation, will unequivocally
condemn and annul the Bank Charter Act.

I Perhaps there never was a more appropriate or
more lamentable illustration of the old proverb
"Between two"—(everybody.,knows the rest) than
that recently afforded by the very important ques-
tion of the Main Drainage of the Metropolis.
Between The Board of Works—and the Metropo-
litan Board of Works—it has entirely " fallen to
the ground" hitherto. It has failed so completely
in conseqttence of resting upon thew, two rival
props—instead of relying upon one alone as a
solid and rational foundation—t;lat the evil ( after
all this time) has actually Increased instead of
being in any way Am(liorated. Throughout the
whole of this inLirval, an interval now extending
over several years conveatively, during the lapse
of which we have been talking of the imperative
and immediate necessity of conveying the seiva;ze
of the capital as far away from it as pcissible, and
of doing this effectually—the public shores all
along the Surrey and Middlesex banks of the
Thames have been emptying their pestilential
contents continually in larger and larger quanti-
ties into the river. There to be washKl backwards
and forwards in the broad current of the noblest
Amain in England—to and fro accord.ing to the
fluctuations of the ebb and flow of tlw tide—b 3
tween the habitations of a vast city den sely popu-
lated with upwards of two millions of irihabitants !
The controversy between the would-by innovators
continuing all the while fiercely and uninter-
ruptedly !
Epitomising the scattered facts of this c)ntro-
versy and thereby making a long story short, we
may observe at once, that the Metroporjtan Board
of Works on one hand, and the Cemnaissioners of
Public Works and Public Buildings ma the other,
have been pitting one hobby against anotther, mull
to their own discredit and greatly to the detri-
ment of the general community ! B is an old
saying " Who shall decide when doctors dis-
agree ?"—an old saying suggested by a, still elder
grievance. And of that old hypothetic.s2 grievance
have we not here had a new and very- deplorable
realisation ? While our Sanitary Physicians have
been squabbling over the superior mer7its of their
respective systems of treatment, the mis arable im-
posthume they were called in to remora has been
growing and growing frightfully and p srtentously.
Does any one remember that fiznous pic-
ture by HOGARTII, where the patient is repre-
sented as expiring in slow agonLes in ilia
chimney-corner, while the two bigwigs, who
have been summoned to the sick-room, are driving
each other perfectly frantic by insistiu; upon the
supreme excellence, the one of a certain incom-
parable draught in a phial, the other o° a certain
marvellous bolus in a pill-box ! The table before
them is upset, its contents smashed upon the floor
and scattered, the chair of one practitioner tum-a
bles back as he rises in a phrenzy to roar down
the arguments of his opponent—the while that
same obdurate and incorrigible opponent sits dog-
gedly unmoved, bottle iu hand, eyebrows raised
(and voice raised no less than eyebrows)* enforcing
his statements with a rap of his gold-headed cane
upon the cork of his magical nostrum. The poor
unfortunate in whose behalf they have bee a brought
together fainting away in the midst
a visiblep rofessastiiorne upon the insanity of these
b monstrousub of -their hub-
al contentions. A. satire, but
not, as such, in any way an exaggeration !
In proof which it is only necessary to
glance for a
moment at this recent and lout;-protracts, I wrang-
ling between these rival sanitary conamiasiwiers.
After perusing the correspondence that' as taken

The minimum rate of discount was yesterday
raised to 8 per cent. The gloomy intelligence
from America was the justification. With ad-
verse exchanges, the step could scarcely be
avoided, so long as the resent monetary code re-
mains in operation. The Bank must act on the
defensive, and sacrifice the commercial community
to save itself. Without an extension of its issues,
or in other words, a suspension of the Act of 1814,
the crisis cannot be successfully encountered.
The distrust will still prevail ; persons will adopt
every possible means to secure their own position.
and by so doing will increase the intensity of the
crisis. It is an illustration of the case of " the
children," described by Loczn, as pulling at the
scanty coverlid, each solicitous only on his own
account, and without reference to the general
welfare.

The present rate of discount in the United
States is so enormous that not even ten or fifteen
per cent. would save the bank reserve=. What
would be perfectly ruinous to the mercantile and
manufacturing interests, is of comparatively trivial
importance to speculators. If they can obtain
thirty or forty per cent. on tolerable security at
th© other side of the Atlantic, or if they can even
make a profit on the exportation of bullion, they
will do so, without caring what may be the con-
sequences to the people of Great Britain. They
profit by the general confusion, and that is all
they look to.

SYDNEY SMITH said that the railway system
would never be improved until a bishop was
killed. We fear that monetary matters will
never be ameliorated until some great capitalists
are caught in the snares they are spreading for
their neighbours. Vhen the magnates of Thread•
needle-street, Lombard-street, or Lothbury, find
themselves in difficulties, they will begin to feel
that the joke has been carried too far. The &term
was by no means unpleasant, but the hurricane
defeated all their calculations.

Just at the moment, and at the very time that
the Bank was putting a famine price on money,
the Chancellor of the Exchequer was starting for
his country seat in Radnorshire. Ho assumes the
appearance of the penniless traveller, who could
carelessly on
sing
the unguarded highway. Sir
CHARLES WOOD, in like"manner, refused to re-
cognise the extent of the emergency in 1847 until
the ik le of the Government Letter. He could not
believe that unexceptionable paper Was rejected in
Lombard-street. His salary was punctually
paid, and he could not understand any
other difficulty. It was not until it was
proved beyond the possibility of doubt by a depu-
tation of Metropolitan bankers, that they could
compel the Bank to suspend payment, and that
they would do so, if the Government did not
interfere, that be could be induced to shake oft
the apathy previously exhibited ! He had, how-
ever, litufßcient cunning to prevent what ought to
havt' been the necessary consequence of the virtual
suspension of the existing laws, and to retain the
Act of 1844, that it might occasion still greater
evils, and serve
to point a moral and adorn a
tale."

There ought net to be theme panics. Capital

THE SUN, LON .ON, TUESDAY EVENING, OCTOBER 20 1 8 5'7,
_ _

Madame Celeste baying recovered from her severe
indisposition will shortly reappear at the Adelphi.
TIER MAJESTY'S THEATRE.—Jullien's concerts corn-
me ace on the 30th of the
present month. Jetty Treffz,
.
the itteder Sanguerin par excellence, and whose " Trab,
Tb
MR ALFRED WIGAN.—We learn with much pleasure
that the health of this talented actor and recent manaeer
secured. raa
given her a well-merited popularity, has been
of the Olympic Theatre, has much improved since he
took up his residence at Scarborough, and sanguine
hopes are entertained of his complete recovery from the
painful disease with which he has been suffering.
Mdlle. Rachel remains alarmingly ill at Canore. She
recalled to her medical attendants the other day an in-
cident of the period of her greatest triumphs. She was
playing " Phedre," and the Bey of Tunis critically said
of her at the end of the piece, " She has a soul of fire in
a body of gauze." It was with a melancholy sigh that
she remarkedito her doctor, " Alas ! he was right, and
now you see that the fire has destroyed the gauze."—
Athencrum.
DISTURBANCE IN THE THEATRE ROYAL DUBLIN.—
William H. :Hasson Stanford, and Frederick H. Flynn,
two resident studesta of Trinity College, were charged
on Saturday night at the College-street Station, by
Police-constable 169 B, with endangering the peace and
the theatre Royal.. From the statement of the con-
stable it appeared that while on duty in the gallery of
the Theatre Royal on Saturday night he heard Mr.
Stanford call out repeatedly for a cheer for the Sepoys.
These exclamations excited the indignation of all who
were near him, and to prevent a breach of the peace,
and save :Mr. Stanford from being maltreated, be took
him into custody. While taking him off, he alleged that
Mr. Flymearushed forward and attempted to rescue him,
when both were secured. They were admitted to bail,
and will appear this morning before the sitting magis-
trate at College street Poice-office.—Dublin Freeman.
CONSECRATION OF A BURIAL GROUND.—The burial
ground for the parish of Wept Ham was consecrated
to-day by the Bishop of London. The ground is situ-
ated in Forest-lane, Stratford, near the Whiteehapel
Industrial Schools.
• SALE AT TUNBRIDGE CASTLE, BENT.--A private view
of the contents of the mansion will take place on Friday
next, when the visitors will have an opportunity of
inspecting the beautiful giounds and ruins of the ancient
castle. The auction commences on Monday next.
ETON COLLEGE.—The extensive and important altera-
tions at Eton College-hallbave just been completed. The
interior has been almost rebuilt from the designs of Mr.
Woodyear, and was used for the first time under its new
aspect feet Sunday.
THE CORNISH FlaTEßTES.—Upwards of 400 hogsheads
of fine pilchards wet() taken by Messrs. Bolithe and Co.,
of St. Ives, last week, and nearly 1,000 hogsheads by
the Cornwall Comeau. The boats on the drift have
been taking from 300 to 1,000 mackerel per day, which
have sold at from 12a. to 163. per 100.
LIMERICK Lem—The Limeriek Repenter has this piece
of gossip :—" An extensive order for supply of Limerick
lace, to complete the wedding dress of the Princess
Royal, who is to las married to Prince Frederick William
of Prussia, has been received at the factory of Messrs.
Forrest.
LARGE APPLES,—Mr. Atkins, of the Royal Marine
Barracks, lately picked from his garden, at the Point,
two apples of the following extraordinary dimensions--
one measured 13i inches in circumference, and weighed
13i oz=. ; the other measured 13 inches, and weighed 13
ozs.—Plymouth Journal.
FRENCH SILKS,—The last advices from New York
announce that French silks were selling in that city at
from 25 to 30 per cent. under the manufacturers' prices
at Lyons and St. Etienne, consequently the shopkeepers
do not intend sending orders to Franco until soma im-
provement shall take place.
THE MORMONS.—A rumour had reached San Francisco
front Utah to the effect that Colonel Sumner had arrived
at Salt Lake City with a company of dragoons, and had
arrested Brigham Young on a charge of high treason,
and that he hal already started with hie prisoner for
Washington. The news needs confirmation.
DISCOVERY OF MINES IN SOUTH ADITRALIA —A
letter from Ade:aide says :—" A fine extensive country,
well watered, and with three splendid mines, two of
them equal to the Burra. Burrs, has been discovered in
the north. 50,000/. has been offered for one, and re-
fused. These seines aro not far fern Port Augula."
A misunderstanding has arisen between Turkey and
Persia respec:isg certain frontier forte, and the Porte is
about to send hp Eavoy Extraordinary to Teheran with
powers which will enable him to settle the matter breri
menu. The diplomatist in question is to leave Constan-
tinonle with Oeoar Pasha, who will start for Bagdad in
a fortnight.
IRISH ENCUMBERED ESTATES COURT.—The new peti-
tions in the kecuinbered Estates Court this week are
important, and embrace property to the extent of about
11,0001. per mmium, among which are the estates of the
Earl of Kennare in Cerlew, Kilkenny, and Queen's
County, prodicieg 4,0001. per annum, and encumbered
to the extentof 110,0001,
THE MURDER NEAR NOTTINGHAM.—The jury ap-
pointed to investigate the cireumttancss under which the
boy recently found murdered in a forest near Notting-
ham came by his death have returned a verdict of "Wil-
ful murder against some person or persons unknown.".
The police are still prosecuting their researches, and a
reward of 1001. has been offered by the Government for
the apprTheiision and conviction of the murderer.
EUROPEA4S EX.FELLED FROM MADAGASCAR,—It is
confirmed from Madagascar that Queen Itabavalo has
expelled alt the French and English residents from her
dominions. The data of the decree is August 25. The
reason assigeed is that the Europeans entertain the pro-
ject of dethroning the Queen and placing her see, Prince
Rakoutou, on :he throne of Madagascar.
THE EMBASSY FROM SIAM.—A despatch, dated Mar-
seilles, 19, says the Embassy from Siam rested
some time at Malta, where it was received with great
distinction by :he atrhoritien On the 11th the ambas-
sadors sailed by the Caradoc for Gibraltar and England.
The Prince, a relation of the King of Siam, is charged
to offer to Queen Victoria several superb presents, and,
among oteere, a throne in massive gold, set with jewels.
MONUMENT TO MUNGO PARK.—The puhlic will learn
with satisfaction that steps are now being taken to erect
a monument to Mango Park, the celebrated African
traveller. A committe was appointed in 1841 for tee
purpose of raising tunscription3 in Selkiekehire, his
native county, and in Cm neightmurlmod. Tha com-
mittee had been in existence up to this moment, and the
memb r. 3 of it are only able to announce now that they
a pl,lianinneayndwassinaipbluensdtarilettuhrlet.—he.Bso;,:doecrkAEcirxecibitais!;;;
have sufficient funds :9 warrant them in pro-seeding with
at the
commencement of blitirmis yesterday, and loans on Gc-
vernment securities ecre otitainabie at 5 per ccent.Ultimately the charge was 5:
to 6. At the Bank, in
the course of the horning, there was a very active
many persons anticipating that the New York
jee:, w
;ce would be folloed by a speedy advance of
tiplihrteeesrislauite. The supply thus obtained seemed to be be-
yond any ac.ual requirements, and at the end of the day
the haleness in the hands of the banks and discount
house.; were large.
CONVICTION OF A TELEERAPH CLERK FOR Esnecz-
ZLEUENT.—At the Newcastle-on-Tyne quarter sessions,
on Friday, Thomas Alexander Thompson, late clerk to
the British and lriA Magnetic Telegraph Company, was
indicted for having embezzled 1/. 13s. 6d., which had
been paid to him for a message to St. Petersburg. The
jury found the prisoner guilty. He was sentenced to
nine months' imprisonment with hard labour.—l ortitern
Daily Express.
MILDItESS OF THE Sneooes.—A correspondent at
Competall has sent us, as proof of the present mild wea-
ther, as experienced in that neighbourhood, a sprig of
apple hlossom!from a tree, about one-eighth full abloom;
also some fine pinks, plucked near the same place ;
whilst, in the same garden, ho stated, are a Siberian
crab tree, gooseberry and currant bushes, in Hoorn.
Sweet Williams and pinks are in full flower at Millbow,
Derby-shim—Nand/ester Guardian.
RAILWAY PROECT.—A prospectus has been issuer) of
a proposed line of railway which will commence at Up-
ton, near Northampton, and there form it junction with
the Northampton and Peterborough Railway, Pas, by
‘Veedon, forming there a junction with the main line of
the London and North-Western Rail way, proceed through
the towns of Deventry and Southern, and terminate in a
junction with the Birmingham and Oxford Railway at
the Harbury and Southam.road station.—Aris'a Gazette.
We learn from Central America that the cholera
raged virulently both at San Salvador and Guatemala.
It was feared that in Nicaragua a civil war would again
soon break out. Lord Cochrane had been voted an
admiral of the Chilian navy, with full pay
for his ser-
vices in the war of liberation. A Chilian war vessel had
seized the American chip Sportsman for loading copper
generally
ore in the territory disputed with Bolivia. In Peru the
politics,
revolution had not ended. The city of Palm, had been
nearly destroyed by an earthquake, and property to the
amount of half a million of dollars lost.
ExchequerthatMr.
legal circles is
u-nNdeßrwstolondlSinH immediately after the
opening of Michaelmas Term, the Chief Baron of the
the present COt
scat,rta On fd
Attor-
ney-General for Ireland, will be elevated to that
j.ipn
.lire,iltazng,derwalidll, resign his judicial
Generel,!never having bestowed any attention on
distinguished post. Mr. Christian, the Solicitor-General,
it is believed, will not accept the office of Attorney-
and not having a seat in Parliament, in which case it
will, in all probability, be conferred on Mr.Desey, Q,C,,
member for the county of Cork.—Northern Treiy.
GENERAL HAVELOCK.—" Old Phloe," says the Alice.
nmum of Saturday) is a name which, we are sure, must
be now making the hearts of old Carthusiane dance with
pride and delight. The Charter-House has boasted of
many scholars who have sprung into eminent men ;
among others, Crashaw, the poet ; Addison and Steele,
the essayists ; John Wesley, the religious reformer ; and
Lord Ellenborough, the Lord' Chief Justice. To ti-,e list
will surely be added " Old Ph 103," The pet name will
be remembered by Carthusians whose memories can go
back some 40 years or more. They a ill not have fer-
gotten the gentle and thoughtful lad who used to stand
played, looking on while
others and whose general
ditativo manner procured for him the name of " Philosce
pher "
, subsequently diminiehed to " Pities," and occa-
sionally applied as " Old Phlox." That young and
populer philosopher is the soldier at whose name th-
hearts of Englishmen beat with honest pride. " Old
Phlox " of the Charter-House is Havelock, the hero of
Cawnpore.
PATENT WASHING "MACHINES.—If imitation is a test
of excellence, this questionalila testimony is being paid
to the Yankee invention known as the Floating Ball
Washing Machine. Shops in every part of the metro-
polio having been opened for the sale of machines for
washing purposes, and the east end of Orford-street,
from their frequency, if called " Laundry-place," would
advantageously relieve • • this leviathan street, by a division
of its nomenclature. The Yankee Tvloere, however,
appears to hold his own, having harl the start, and upon
certainly the best hobby as et —PIYIIIO44 1/I°'