The Sun.
London, England, 1859-04-22 00:00:00

ROYAL THAMES YACHT CLUB.

LATEST NEWS.

THE QUESTION OF PEACE

OR WAR.

The following telegrams have been received at
Mr. Reuter's office :

PARIS, APRIL 22.

The Moniteur of this morning contains the

rollowing :

" Austria has not given in her adhesion to the
propositions made by England, and accepted by
France, Russia, and Prussia; besides which, it
appears that the Cabinet of Vienna has resolved
upon addressing a direct communication to the
Cabinet of Turin, in order to obtain the disarma-
ment of Piedmont. In consequence of these facts.
the Emperor has ordered the concentration of
several divisions of the army on the frontiers of
I Piedmont."

VIENNA, FRIDAY, APRIL 22.
The following official statement has been pub-
Lished to-day :

" Piedmont, which has for some years past
endangered Austria's rights, has been summoned
most urgently by Austria to disarm. Besides this
demand especially addressed to Piedmont, Austria
adheres firmly to the proposal of a general disarma-
ment, although she cannot make that proposal
subordinate to the summons she had addressed to
Sardinia."

TURIN, APRIL 21.

The following most important telegram from
Turin appeared in a late edition of The Sun of last
evening : •

u-Gyulai has been ordered to presont an :Ulti-
matum for disarmament, and the sending away of
the volunteers.

" If refused, war is to be declared in three days.
" Two more divisions of the Austrian army of
80,000 men have been ordered to the Ticino.

" The English proposal for a Congress upon the
same conditions as that of Laybach has been
refused."

Threatening movements of the Austrian army
on the frontiers of Piedmont have taken place.
The Austrian authorities have directed the mana-
gers of the Lombard Railway to suspend the usual
trains to-morrow, the 22d inst. All the locomo-
tives have been ordered back for the transport of
soldiers. Troops are expected on the road from
Milan to the Ticino. This evening a Council of
Ministers was held, under the presidency of the
King.

This message was delayed nine hours on its way
by telegraph.

PARIS, APRIL 21.

The Paine of this evening states that serious
reports have been in circulation here to-day. The
entry of Austrian troops into Piedmontese terri-
tory has been spoken of, but till now nothing is
officially confirmed. It is, however, certain that
General de la Marmora has informed the French
Government by telegraph that the Austrian army
has made a significant movement on the strategical
line of the Ticino, and that he feared being
attacked at any moment.
The report is also current that Austria has re-
fused to give in her adhersion to the propositions of
England, which Power had asked for a reply
within twenty-four hours.
A council of Ministers has been held to-day under
the presidency of the Emperor. The Princes
Jerome and• Napoleon were present.

The day before yesterday Austria forwarded a
categorical summons to Sardinia to dissolve the free
corps. A reply is to be given within three days
from the receipt of the summons, and an evasive
answer will be considered equivalent to a refusal.

DRESDEN, APRIL 21.

According to a statement in the .Dresden Journal
of to-day, Austria is said to have sent a communi-
cation to Turin, in which three days for considera-
tion are given to Sardinia.

TRIESTE, APRIL 21.

The Austrian Lloyd steamer has arrived here to-
day, bringing news from Constantinople to the
16th inst. •

The submarine cable to Candia and Alexandria
will be laid most likely on the Ist of May next.

The Grand Duke Constantine will accompany
King Otto on a visit to the holy places.

According to advices from Smyrna to the 16th
inst., it is asserted that a Greek butcher had con-
fessed to being on a footing of understanding with
some Jews respecting the assassination recently
committed there.

FRANCE.

PARIS, THURSDAY.

The Gazette de Lyons, of Tuesday, says:—" Gen.
Renault's division, which some days ago took pos-
session of the camp at Sathonay, has received orders
to proceed to the frontiers of the Alps, and has com-
menced a movement in that direction. The troops
are to be echeloned in the fortified places and in
cantonments. The Bth battalion of riflemen of that
division having been ordered to leave for Vienne
and for Grenoble (these places are on the road to the
Italian Alps) set out at midday, but when it had
marched about four miles it was overtaken by a mes-
senger with an order to return. It re-entered the
city at about five o'clock in the afternoon, and took up
a position in the Cours Napoleon, in order to be ready
to leave anew, but this time by railway. The
departure was to take place in the night, or early
in the morning. It is said that all the division,
Including the artillery, is to go by railway to
Grenoble. It is to be replaced in the camp of
Sathonay by the sth division from Africa, the first
detachments of which, consisting of a battalion of
the 45th, have arrived in our city."

The Salut Public of yesterday announces that
the battalion referred to left Lyons for Grenoble by
railway, as stated. _

BOURSE, April 21. The market has been
much agitated by a variety of rumours. It was
stated that Austria had sent no answer to the pro-
positions, and that as the time fixed for receiving it
was twelve o'clock this day, war must be consi-
dered as inevitable. Threes were offered at the
opening at 67f. 65c., to 67f. 50c., then fell to 66f.
25c., rallied to 67f, 25c., and are now at 66f. 90c.
Mobilier were done at 635 f. and rallied to 655 f. ;
Austrian varied from 505 f. to 512 f. 50c. ; Lom-
bardo-Venetian, 495 f. to 501 f. 25c. ; Orleans,
1,245 f. to 1,255 f. ; Northern, 895 f. to 900 f. ;
Southern, 475 f. to=4lof. ; Eastern, 617 f. 50c. to
620 L ; Lyons, 817 f. 50c. to 825 f. The following
were the last quotations :

41 per Cents. ....••'. 94 50 I Credit Foncier
Do. end month .. • 95 60 Belgian 41 . —
3 per Cents. 66 501Piedmonteso (5) 75
Do: end month.... 66 45 Roman B4
Bank Shares. . 2700 Austrian —
Credit :111obilier .. 640 Spanish Threes
Do. Account ..... 632 50 Home Debt —

The season of this great metropolitan club was
inaugurated yesterday by the opening trip to
Gravesend. The vice-commodore, Mr. R. Green,
in the absence of Lord Alfred Paget, the nobe com-
modore, hoisted his flag on board the Phoenix, off
Blackwall, at a little after two ; and in a few
minutes the fleet of yachts, consisting of the Shadow,
Whisper, Capella, Romp, Lotus, and several others,
were under weigh, and proceeded to Gravesend with
a very favourable wind from the northward, with
a little west in it. The party of gentlemen was in-
creased by the railway trains, and about 50 sat
down to a very fine dinner at the New Falcon Hotel.
Mr. Green presided, and the toasts of the evening
were—" The Queen, our Royal Patroness, the Prince
Consort, and the rest of the Royal Family," " The
Navy and Army," " The Royal Yacht Squadron
and other Royal Yacht Clubs," "Prosperity to the
Royal Thames Yacht Club," " The Commodore,
Lord A. Paget," " The Vice-Commodore," " The
Treasurer," and a variety of others, all f which
were done ample justice to; and a most agreeable
evening was spent by all present.

PRINCE OF WALES YACHT CLUB.
The opening of the season of the Prince of Wales
Yacht Club was one of the most successful any club
ever boasted of. Yachts, assembled at the Folly
House, Blackwall, at four o'clock, and, led by the
commodore, Mr. R. Hewett, in his beautiful yacht,
the Emily, sailed under a fair north-west wind to
Erith. There the members disembarked, and,
joined by a number of gentlemen who had come by
land, repaired to the new club-house, the Pier
Hotel, where no less than 60 members and friends
sat down to an excellent dinner, presided over by
the commodore faced by the vice-commodore. The
usual loyal toasts having been proposed and drunk,
the commodore proposed " The Prince of Wales
Yacht Club," dwelling upon its success, and hoping
it would ever continue great and prosperous. Mr.
Bartlett proposed " The Health of the Commodore,"
and spoke of his many virtues. Mr. Legg proposed
" The Health of the Vice-Commodore;" and other
toasts followed, the evening being spent very
agreeably.

BOAT RACE FOR £5O.—A scullers' race for £5O,
in old-fashioned boats, came off yesterday afternoon
over the usual metropolitan enurse, from Putney
Aqueduct-bridge to the Ship, at Mortlake. The
competitors were almost unknown to fame, having
only contended at their plying-place at Bankside—
both being watermen, and one having rowed two
small races. Their names were Benjamin Neville
and William Hunter, and what little money there
was laid out was at the rate of 5 to 4 on Neville.
The Venus, Captain Sharplin, accompanied the
men, and was well filled. George Driver having
been chosen umpire for Neville, Frederick Lett for
Hunter, and Thomas White, the late opponent of
Chambers, of the North, referee, they got to their
places ; Neville having the best station. Neville
went away with the lead, held it all the way as he
liked, and won by 20 lengths.

SUICIDE OF A YOUNG LADY.

MARGATE, THURSDAY EVENING.
Much excitement was caused this morning in the
lower part of the town of Margate, by the dis-
covery of the body of a young lady under the new
landing-place. It appears that in the first instance
a lady's mantle, of fashionable shape, was observed
On one of the platforms used for the debarkation
of steam-boat passengers. An alarm was given,
and soon after eight o'clOck a boat came in with
some mariners, who, on landing, discovered the
body entangled between some of the cross bars
which support the jetty. Life was quite extinct.
The body was immediately taken out of the water
and conveyed to a building near King-street, and has
since been identified by Dr. Walters, of Broadstairs.
The name of the deceased, we understand, is Blake-
more. She is an only child, and has been living with
her father and aunt near the Wheatsheaf Inn, at St.
Peters, a village about two miles from this town.
The family are in very good circumstances, and it
is stated that the unfortunate young lady would
have been entitled, on coming of age, to considerable
property. She went away from home about seven
o clock last evening, and left a note stating that she
intended to put an end to her existence. It is
needless to say that, as soon as this was discovered,
no time was lost in searching for her. The search,
however, did not extend to Margate, and it is gene•
rally supposed that she had been walking about all
night, as, from the dry appearance of the mantle,
and its position with reference to the tide, it is
probable that the suicide had not been committed
many hours before the body was found. The
deceased was about 19 years of age, and of prepos-
seising appearance. An inquest will doubtless be
held, at which some clue may be obtained to the
cause of the rash act. At present none has been
VIENNA, THURSDAY, NOON. I assigned.

We regret to announce the death, at the Palace
Armagh, on the 11th instant, after a short illness, of Mrs'
Dunbar, wife of Mr. George Dunbar, niece of the Lord
Primate of Ireland, and cousin of the lamented Marquis of
Waterford. The double affliction which has thus befallen
the venerable archbishop, who is in his eighty-sixth year,
has called forth the deep sympathy of his large circle of
friends.
DEATH of THE BISHOP OF BANGOR.—We regret
to announce the death of the Right Rev. Dr. Christopher
Bethell, Lord Bishop of Bangor, the oldest prelate on the
Episcopal Bench, which occurred at his palace, in Carnar-
vonshire, on Tuesday last. Although his lordship has been
for some time past indisposed, his death was not so soon ex -
pected. Dr. Bethell was a very distinguished scholar, and
was during the whole of his life identified with the theolo-
gical views of the high Church party, which he constantly
defended in his speeches and his various writings. The
deceased prelate was born in 1773, and had therefore at-
tained the good old age of 86. Dr. Bethell was the son of the
Rev. Richard Bethell, and was born at Isleworth. Hewas
educated at King's College, Cambridge, where he took the
degree of Bachelor of Arts, in 1796, and shortly afterwards
became a Fellow- of his College, and second member's prize-
man. In 1824 he was nominated by Lord Liverpool, the
then Prime Minister, to the bishopric of Gloucester, and was
consecrated to the episcopal supervision of that see. In
1830, the Duke of Wellington, the then Prime Minister,
transferred him to the more lucrative see of Exeter, and
again in the same year to the still more lucrative see of
Bangor, which he held up to the time of his death. His lord-
ship was the author of several theological works, the principal
of which was " General View of the Doctrine of Regenera-
tion in Baptism," which has become a standard work among
high Churchmen. The see which Dr. Bethell's death leaves
vacant is worth £4,000 a-year, and includes the Isle of An-
glesea, and portions of Camarvon, Denbigh, Montgomery,
and Merioneth. Attached to the bishopric is the patronage
of 81 livings, of the gross annual value of £23,000 aancel-
h-year, in
addition to the deanery, worth £l,OOO a-year ; the c
lorship, treasurership, and precentorship of the cathedral,
the prekends of Penmynridd (worth £4OO a year, ander held
by a son of the late Bishop of Bangor) and Llanfa, h
the
first, second, and third canonries in the cathedral, and the
archdeaconry of Merioneth.
Notice was given yesterday from the General
Post-office that ship mails will be made up there for New
York, to be sent from Southampton by the
e steamer
Van
which
der-
bilt, which leaves May 1; by the steamea,
leaves May 4 ; and by the steamer Hainmonia, which leaves
May 18.
GOVERNMENT SCHOOLS OF ART.—The public
examinations in drawing held in the Metropolitan District
School of Art have just been completed, and show satisfac-
tory progress. 1,039 students hare been examined, of whom
298 have taken rewards of the second' or higher grade, and
1,750, being almost entirely parish children, have taken 334
of the lower grade. The numbers at each district school are
as - follows :—At the Training School, South Kensington,
280 students in the second or higher grade, of whom
schools 113 ob-
tained rewards, and 400 children of parochial ,of
whom 50 obtained rewards in the lower grade At St. Mar-
tin's 232 students in the second or higher grade, of whom 82
obtained rewards, and 552 children of parochial schools, of
whom 88 obtained rewards in the lower grade. At Gower-
street 102 students in the second or higher grade, of whom 30
obtained rewards. At Spitalfields 155 students of the second
or higher grade, of whom 52 obtained rewards and 180 chil-
dren of parochial schools, of whom 52 obtained rewards in
the lower grade. At Finsbury 55 students in the second or
higher grade, of whom 12 obtained rewards. At St. Thomas,
Charterhouse, 68 students of the second or higher grade, of
whom 8 obtained rewards, and 274 children of parochial
Schools, of whom 56 obtained' rewards in the lower grade. At
Lambeth 71 students in the woad or higher grade, of whom
20 obtained rewards, and 222 children of parochial schools,
of whom 56 obtained rewards in the lower grade. At
Rotherhithe 36 students in the second or higher grade, of
whom three obtained rewards, and 159 children of parochial
schools, of whom 25 obtained rewardein the lower grade. At
Hampstead seven students in the second or higher grade, of
whom four obtained rewards. At St. George's in the East,
34 students of the second or higher grade, of whom seven
obtained rewards, and 76 children of parochial schools, of
'whom seven obtained rewards of the lower grade.
EXTENSIVE FRAUD AND FORGERY BY A LIVER-
POOL BARBER.—Yesterday (Thursday), at the Liverpool
Police Court, a man named
quantity of Iri manufaCtured
tobacco by means of forged bank notes. Thep risoner, it
appears, carried on business as a haircutteran nandme -street
and about a fortnight ago he engagod a mDavid-
son as an assistant. A few days after Davidson commenced
work Lambert asked him to take some letter paper, with the
address, " Samuel Goodier' wholesale and retl and wrdealeite to i
home. and foreign manufactured tobacco," Stc.,
several tobacco manufacturers in Ireland asking their prices
and samples. Davidson did so, and the letters were re-
quested to be directed to 28, Exchange-street East, which
was the number of the Crooked Billet Hotel. The prices
and samples came, the letters were directed to
Davidson, who called for them, and in return large
orders were sent out, accompanied by the halves of
£19,-£2O, and £.50 notes in payment. Messrs. Carroll, of
Dundalk ; Johnson, of Belfast ; and Murray, Belfast, were
among those who received the order, and despatched tobacco
to Liverpool, in the meantime Davidson and Lambert quar-
relled; the former gave information to the police; a watch
was kept, and Lanii9ert detected in the act of despatching
fresh orders, with more forged notes inside the envelopes.
Several of the prosecutors attended, and c:eposed to receiving
orders with halves of notes enclosed, the other halves of
which were to follow by the next post. The notes, how-
ever, on examination proved forgeries, and at the time the;
intelligence of the fraud they had disc
sentr
nv ere 4 that th%
notes were surreptitious, The prisoner
was also
was to trial
at the assizes. An old man Milled Thomas Fowlerremanded for a week, in order that luqufrics might be made
as to the extent of his connection with tills
stated toast 13.0 011 accessory to the fraud, ease, Pit was
•
- -

THE DECLARATION

OF WAR.

The hour is at hand ! Proud in the command of
an overgrown army, and flattered by the base sub-
serviency of European statesmen, the Emperor of
Austria defies the sentiment of the civilised world,
and precipitates war. To stamp out ideas with the
hoof of the war horse has been for ages the dearest
delight of the family of Francis Joseph ; and he is
worthy of his ancestors.
Austria has rejected the proposal of a Congress,
on conditions to which all the other Great Powers,
and also Sardinia, had assented. She dares not sub-
mit the frightful system she .has pursued in Italy to
inspection. Better war—better even defeat and
Icompelled concession—than that horrible exposure
and condemnation before Europe. To surrender at
the point of the sword her arbitrary interfer-
ence in the independent States of Italy would be
tolerable, a soldierly submission to the fortune of
war, a reverent homage to brute force; to retire
within her treaty frontier in consequence of the
deliberations of a Congress, would be a slavish
deference to reason, opinion, and the force of ideas,
such as the Austrian Emperor will never consent to.
After months spent in bringing the impartial
opinion and disinterested statesmanship of Europe
to the solution of Italian difficulties—at a moment
when England, Russia, Prussia, and France had
agreed on the means of preserving peace and doing
justice—when King Victor Emmanuel had given a
signal proof of his readiness to make sacrifices for
the preservation of the general peace, Austria, with-
out nptice, withdraws her quarrel with Sardinia from
the domain of diplomacy, and insists on settling it
simply with the sword. This is a monstrous insult
to all the neutral Powers, but most of all to Eng-
land. For the mean and grovelling compliances of
Lord Malmesbury—for the flattery of Lord Derby
—for the sacrifices made by the entire Cabinet in
preferring Austrian favour to the approval of their
just and generous countrymen, this is the fair
return, the righteous retribution. _ _

Count Gyufai presents an ultimatum to the Court
of Turin : Sardinia must disarm, not as taking part
in a general disarmament, by voluntary agreement
with the Great Powers, and under the regulations
of a joint commission, but at the peremptory order
of Austria, and in such manner as her generals and
marshals may dictate. Before all things she must
send away the 16,000 volunteers who have flocked
unbidden to her standard from all parts of Italy.
Let her refuse to do this within three days, and
Anqtria will declare war.
Austria has declared war. This ultinzatum—to
speak of it for a moment as if it were a bona fide
diplomatic' demand, intended for serious considera-
tion—is a monstrous proposal to extend to Piedmont
the same infamous policy which has reduced all the
other States in Italy to subjection to Austria. It is
a demand that the one Constitutional State, which
is the hope and joy of every Italian patriot, shall
strip naked, and prostrate herself at the feet of the
great oppressor of Central and Southern Europe.
We will not insult the King of the noble Twenty-
five Thousand who fought at our side in the Crimea
—we will not insult our readers, by discussing this
mock proposition. It will not be accepted ; it will
not be entertained • it is already rejected. The
Sovereign, the People, the Army are unanimous.
" I will fight a second ,Novara," said Victor Em-
manuel, a day or two ago, " rather than surrender
the noble Italian youth who have placed confidence
in me."
Count Gyulai's declaration of war follows hard
upon Count Buol's recent exposition of Austrian
policy in Italy as pursued for nearly half a century,
and is its rational consequence. In the despatch of
the Austrian Foreign Minister, dated Feb. 25, it is
solemnly declared that Italy can never have free
institutions, but must always be governed by the
bayonet—that the Princes of Italy have a legiti-
mate right to deliver their territory to the military
possession and their subjects to the stripes of Aus-
tria, and that to contest this is to deny their inde-
pendence—that the Papal Government needs reform
in its army, and that if other reforms are needed
in Italy, none can be undertaken while Piedmont
retains her system. Such is the sum of Count
Buol's declaration, and he is not expounding an
idle theory.
To defend bad governments against peoples weary
of suffering, Austria has successively occupied every
State in Italy.. Since 1815 her armies have been
for five years in Naples,'for six in Tuscany, for six
in Modena, for six in Parma, for 25 in the Papal
States. There is not one of the petty princes south
of the Po who does not know that, however badly
he may behave, there is a great power at hand
which will infallibly protect him against the in-
dignation of his people. In 1815 Austria bound
the King of Naples by treaty to administer his
government according to her absolutist principles.
At Laybach, when there was danger that constitu-
tional government might strike root in the same
kingdom, Prince Metternich declared that "if the
King himself wanted to establish the constitu-
tional system, the Emperor would make war upon
him." In 1822, the Austrian Minister declared, in
the name of his master, that " the institutions of
representative Government could not and should
not be established in any single Italian State."
When the Austrians left the Pontifical States in
1822, the Emperor informed the Cardinal Legate of
Forli that " he should return, as he had come, un-
asked, whenever he thought proper." When, in
1831, the French Government remonstrated against
a renewed occupation of the Papal States, Metter-
nich replied that his master was determined to
intervene, at the cost of a general war. And now
we ask—Who is it that has associated freedom with
war in'ltaly ? Who but the Power which declares
that only by the sword shall Italy become free ?
This is the policy of Austria--,-" dignified, conci•
liatory" Austria, as Mr. Disraeli has just described
her. And now can any one doubt what has im-
pelled the flower of the youth of Italy to thebanner
of the monarch who has exerted himself to put an
end to the oppression of his countrymen ? Blind
of heart must he be who does not see that this is a
renewal of the undying struggle between freedom
and tyranny. Every Englishman will follow it with
his sympathies and prayers. Let those who are
fighting for freedom know and feel that our hearts
are in their cause. Let them be assured that, while
we are sternly forbidden by duty to engage actively
on their side, the universal judgment of this free
nation condemns their enemies ; and that, come what
may, no sword of England shall be drawn to pro-
long Austrian tyranny in Italy. Let no one be
deceived by the languige of Ministers on sufferance,
for the people of this country will confound and
overwhelm any Cabinet that shall dare to array the
name and power of England on the side of de-
spotism.—DailylNvws.

(From the Times.)
Yesterday this kingdom was alternately soothed
and startled by two successive telegrams which
airrived from Paris and from Turin. We were
compelled within the course of the same morning to
hold out to the English public a prospect of almost
certain peace, and to withdraw that promise and to
substitute for it the probability of almost instant
war. Lord Derby, in his explanation on Monday
night, intimated thiat in the interests of peace
Ministers had made the other and last sugges-
tion to the Powers at difference, and that upon the
acceptance or rejection of that suggestion their
present hope of peace rested. The Moniteur of
yesterday at once informed us of the substance of
that proposal, and of its acceptance. The proposition
was to effect a general and simultaneous disarma-
ment under the supervision of six Commissioners,
one of whom should be a Sardinian. It suggested
also that the Congress should assemble and delibe-
rate contemporaneously with the Commission, and,
following the example of the Congress of Laybach,
that the representatives of the Italian States should
have seats in the Congress. To this suggestion,
which appeared reasonable and practical, France,
Russia, and Prussia had given their adhesion, nor
was there any intimation in the telegram convey-
ing this information which constrained us to believe
that the absence of the name of-Austria proceeded
from any other cause than that she was more deli-
berate in her action than the other Powers. Close,
however, upon the heels of this good news followed
the telegram from Turin, stating that the English
proposal for a Congress had been refused, and Oat
the Austrian General commanding in Lombardy
had been ordered to present an ultimatum demanding
immediate disarmament, with the alternative of
war after the lapse of three days from the delivery
en
oz .n t
eTi
nhpeo kr
anroywf
.ldeedtgsemo,faslesasdddeeedi.siv_eb:
bofutthciosnus/itsit'iennatt:t
reinforement of 80,000 men had been ordered to the
Austrian army now on the banks of the
Ticino.
Prussia had mobilised three Corps d Armee, con •
sisting of some 70,000
.then. Every act notified
was a preparation for immediate war on the • part
of Austria ; every movement was directed either
to aggressive operations upon Sardinia or to the
defence of her own German provinces.
Such is now the state of affairs. Austria has
200,000 men either upon the Ticino or within such
a distance that they can be placed upon the banks
of that frontier within the three days of grace fixed
in the imperative demand of the Austrian General.
Sardinia occupies the opposite bank with a force
which could not, probably, delay for one day its own
destruction by that gigantic enemy. It may be that
Sardinia can show 70,000 men in arms, including
her free corps, gathered from all parts of Italy, and
comprehending no small portion of the discontented
spirits who have passed their lives in making mani-
festations of hatred to the foreigner. Of these
70,000, perhaps, after garrisoning her, great fox -
tresses, Alessr n lHa and Genoa, she may be able to
range 40,000 in line of battle. Three days of re-
spite are all that is given. If, as we read the
telerm, the demand has been already made, next

Sunday may see an Austrian army in quick advance
upon Turin. The position of Sardinia is perilous,
but it is a position from which she cannot escape
by a tame compliance. Even if Victor Emmanuel
could accept the ignominy of succumbing to the first
pressure of force after putting forth such loud
defiances, the men he has called around him would
not suffer him to retreat. If Austria and Sardinia
are left to themselves we shall hear in a few
days of an invasion and a battle. Everything
points this out as the natural sequence. The sudden
ultimatum and the short reprieve are evidently
part of a well-considered military policy formed by
Austria. It is clearly her interest, if she is resolved
upon war, or if she feels that she will be compelled.
to accept war, to crush the Sardinian army before
the French can arrive to its assistance. The march
from the banks of the Ticino to Turin is through
a plain country unprotected by any place of
military strength, well known by operations in
a recent campaign, and offering every facility
for the advance of a great army. Three days
would bring the Ailstrian General to the unpro-
tected city of Turin. There is nothing between
the frontier and the capital but the arms and
bodies of those 40,000 Sardinian troops, who are so
vastly outnumbered by the Austrian hosts. To
crush that army, to effect by force the disarmament
demanded, and to dictate terms at Turin, would be
but the effort of a few days, if Sardinia remained
unfriended. When we see her in this imminent
danger we look around anxiously to measure how
far off are her friends, and what may be the chances
of timely assistance. We may assume, perhaps,
that the passing of the Ticino will be considered by
the Emperor of the French as a declaration of war
by Austria, and that while the Austrians are march-
ing from the East upon Turin the French Emperor
will be pouring his columns from the West and
marching through the passes of the Alps to meet
the Austrian invaders, and to anticipate, if possible,
their arrival at the Sardinian capital. For this pur-
pose we may consider Grenoble or Briancon as con-
taining the whole force of the French empire, for the
chains of communication by rail are so complete
that continuous columns might be directed from all
parts of France upon those cities. The columns,
however, that should take their way by Chambery
and Mont Cenis would find themselves 180 miles
from Turin when crossing into the Piedmontese
territory at the Pont de Beauvoisin. Those which
should advance by way of Embrun and Briangon
and over Mont Genevre could find a better road and
shorter cliotonoo on the Piedmontese side of the
Alps, but would still scarcely hope to win the race
against the Austrian troops coming by the plains.
Again, help might quickly arrive from Toulon and
Marseilles by way of Genoa ; Toulon is rich in
transports, and a few hours might land a respectable
force at Genoa. From Genoa there is a railway to
Turin, but, unfortunately, it winds away far up to
the north-east, and an important portion of it would
probably be reached and destroyed by the Aus-
trians in their first day's march. We should not
be very confident in trusting the safety of a king-
dom to the possibility of uniting before Turin
columns which had to penetrate the Alps and •to
arrive from Genoa, if one condition of the military
success of such an operation were that the con-
centration should be effected in three or four, or
even in five or six days. Perhaps we may count
something for the delay which may be reasonably
expected to be interposed by the Sardinian
army either fighting or retreating; but, failing
this, or those other chances of war which never
can be fully calculated, the military heads who
seem to have conceived this plan of opening the
campaign have not failed in strategic ability.
Physically speaking, if the war is to come, the
Power which strikes the first blow and chooses its
own field of action will commence with an advan-
tage. Morally speaking, of course, the picture is
reversed.

In former times there would be little more to say
about this crisis but to await the issue of the
inevitable, invasion. But the telegraph has altered
all things. The same wires which have told us of
the demand which General Gyulai has made by
direction of his Imperial master has by this time
carried to the Court of Vienna the strongest protest
of England against this hasty and haughty menace.
The Emperor of the French is now in possession
of those significant words which were spoken by
Lord Derby at the termination of his speech. Na-
poleon 111. has, moreover, heard of the movements
that are being made in Germany ; and he cannot but
suspect that, when Prussia puts her troops in motion,
it is not without some knowledge of the part which
Russia is prepared to play in the great drama.
He can look around, therefore, and see that
his chosen antagonist is likely to be ablo to
devote the whole resources of his empire to the
contest which he has challenged. He must by this
time have meditated on the fact that Russia, Ger-
many, and England have assumed an attitude
already passively hostile, and are tending towards
a state of even active coercion, if fortune should
give him victory in the war, and if his ambition
should carry him beyond certain very narrow limits
of aggression. We may discern a spark of hope,
therefore, that Louis Napoleon may not make a
hasty rush to take up the glove that is now so
rashly thrown down ; and that time may yet enable
England to prevail upon Austria to retract it.
There is still a faint chance that we may induce
Austria not to precipitate a war just at the time
when matters have taken such a turn that there
was some real hope of an accommodation. It would
not be right, however, to hang much weight upon
this slender thread. It is not a very promising
prospect to hope to change
the purpose of a stub-
born Power, exulting in her military superiority,
by diplomatising her through the telegraph.

A letter from Naples says :—" The Neapolitan
police has received information that two steamers
manned by filibusters have left Genoa, it was not
known for what place. It is believed that the men
on board, taking advantage of the trouble and in-
decision which will follow the death of the King,
will disembark in some part of the kingdom and
make a revolutionary attempt similar to that of
Pisacane at Salmi."
DEATH OF JOHN ELLIOTT HYNDAM.—DIIRLIN,
Thursday Evening.—The evening papers announce the
death of John Elliott Hyndam, Esq., City Coroner, and
agent at Dublin for foreign passports, which occurred this
morning at his own residence.
THE SHIP ROSE OF SHARON.—The Board of
Trade have directed an inquiry into the circumstances
attending the stranding of the Rose of Sharon, Maxton,
from Calcutta for London, near Cape Rosal.
The municipality of Perugia has issued a notifi-
cation announcing that the Papal Government has opened
recruiting lists for volunteers willing to enter the Pontifical
army. The bounty offered is twenty scudi (the scudo is
sfr. 35c.) instead of six, which it was before; besides two
scudi per man to recruiting-officers. The length of service
is limited to four years instead of six.
TlehgeraKphiincg and Queen of Prussia left Naples,
a tedespatch from that city to Berlin states, on
Monday for Rome, and intend to remain there to the end
of the ipresent month. Their Majesties proposed to visit
Venice before returning to Potsdam.
PRESENTS FROM HIS HIGHNESS SAID PASHA,
VICEROY OF EGYPT.—lmmediately on the arrival of the
Pasha of Egypt's steam-yacht, Paid Gahaad, at Alexandriat
his Serene Highness came on board and expressed himself
in the highest terms of admiration with the manner in
which the vessel had been fitted up and his wishes respect-
ing her carried out by the Peninsular and Oriental
Company, and, as a proof of his satisfaction, he personally
presented the captain and chief officer (Captain Kellock
and Mr. Pinkey) with two large gold snuff-boxes studded
with brilliants, a large plain gold snuff-box to the three
other officers, and a purse of 500 guineas to be divided
amongst the officers and crew. We have been favoured
with an inspection of the presents made to the captain and
chief officers, and must say that they are of the most valu-
able description, the brilliants being of the first water and
of a very large size.
THE MILITARY KNIGHTS OF WINDSOR.—There
is now a vacancy amongst the knights of this ancient order,
through the death of Lieut.-Colonel John Clarke, late of
the 66th Regiment, an officer of high merit, and whose ser-
vices embrace a lengthened period, including the war in the
Peninsula to) its close, from March, 1809. He was at the
battles of Oporto and Talavera, the lines of Torres Vedras,
the actions of Arogo de Molina and Campo Mayor, the
battle of Albuera, the siege of Badajoz, the battles Vittoria,
the Pyrenees, the Nivelle, the Nive, the action of the Palais,
the battle of Orthes, the action at Aire, and the battle of
Toulouse. At Albuera, in command of a company, he was
struck down by a Polish lancer, and was taken prisoner, but
made his escape in a charge of cavalry. He received the
war medal with eight clasps after the Peninsular war.
Colonel Clarke served for a long time in Canada ; and
during the captivity of the Emperor Napoleon I. at St.
Helena, being one of the officers having frequently the sur-
veillance of that great and extraordinary man, and happily
united. in no ordinary degree a firm fidelity to the impo
tant trust reposed in him to the kindness, courtesy, and
humane consideration due to fallen majesty. He was alike
The officer, the gentleman, and the Christian.
CHARGE OF ATTEMPTING TO POISON A HUSBAND
AT HULL.—At the Hull Police-court, on Wednesday, two
women, named Betsy Ferguson and Mary Hansom, were
charged with attempting to poison John Ferguson. The
.prisoner Ferguson is the wife of the intended victim, and
the woman Hansom, who is about 70 years of age, was the
landlady of the house at which the Ferguson had furnished
lodgings. It appeared they had not lived comfortably to-
gether, and for some months past the man Ferguson had
been annoyed by repeated vomitings and sickness, which
'generally attacked him after he had taken his meals. Ac-
cording to medical advice, he had watched the proceedings
of the two women for some time past. On Monday last he
had some broth and mutton for dinner, and the fbmalest
though at the same table, did not partak6 of the broth.
After dinner Ferguson was sick, and when he got home at
night he went rather gently into the house. It was about
10 o'clock, but by the light of a candle he saw his wife and
Hansom standing over a saucepan in the kitchen. His wife
was taking a powder out of a paper and putting it into the
saucepan. Ransom, while she was doing so, said, ti you
had better put a little more in, we are dallying too long with
it." He stood so that they could not see him, and he saw
Hansom take a paper up stairs, and heard her lock a
door while she was there. The next morning his wife gave
him some broth for his dinner to take to work with him,
he took it to a chemist, who analysed it, and round it to
contain arsenic. A paper of arsenic was also found up stall; s
in a locked closet. Mr. Stead, wh
pri-
soners, examined the. witness, for . the purpose of showing
that he had trumped up the charge, tut he failed to do 8?.
The case was remancled,—
. o appeared for the
m-and/peer Guardian.

LONDON GAZETTE-(THIS EVENING)

WINDSOR CASTLE, APRIL 19.
This day had audience of her Majesty—The Chevalier
Maxime Taparelli d'Azeglio, on an Extraordinary Mission
from the King of Sardinia, to deliver his credentials ; to
which audience he was introduced by the Earl of Malmes-
bury, her Majesty's Principal Secretary of State for Foreign
Affairs.