The Sun.
London, England, 1861-02-11 00:00:00

(From the Dispatch.)
The author of our State religion is called the
Prince of Peace. TO show his loyalty to his spiritual
Sovereign, the Rev. J. S. Brockhurst, Fellow of
Emmanuel College, Cambridge, gives the Rev.
Edward Dodd, Vicar of St. Giles's, " a sound thrash-
ing with a horsewhip." The offence of his rev.
brother in the Lord was that of showing a delicate
respect to the feelings of a Jew. Dr. M'Caul arid
his metropolitan clerical associates feel their Chris-
tian sympathies " outraged " by the authors of the
Oxford Essays and Reviews having thought proper
to think differently from themselves. Of course
they at once discover that they are " infidels," and
unanimously pray the Bishop of London to reveal
the true Christian spirit by prosecuting, degrading,
and cashiering them :
Behold how good a thing it is and how exceeding well,
Together such as brethren are in unity to dwell 1
The meeting of Sion College, London-wall, would
seek to ungown the Essayists in the spirit of the
illustrious foreigner, " for their good, for all their
goods"—and chattels into the bargain. We wonder
which of the three travellers Dodd or Auriol really
thinks was the neighbour of the man who fell among
thieves ? The Samaritan was notoriously unsound
in his doctrine—the priest and Levite were never
caught tripping in their catechism. , -.4e. IV*
We are coming, we think, to "the beginning,6l
the end" of our present system of ecclesiology. The
country opens its understanding to the discovery
that there is a wide distinction betwixt the making
a legal provision for the religion of a country and
the endowment of a creed, or the subsidising of a
sacerdotal corporation. It at last sees that the piety
'of a people may be perfectly promoted without the
enforcement of doctrinal conformity. It finds that
religious affections have no ,necessary connexion
with extravagant sinecures to a privileged hierarchy,
in the view of bribing them all to think alike ; and
that the monopoly of the loaves and fishes conceded
to the clergy of the Anglican Establishment on the
assumption that they are the safest depositories of
Divine truth, is an extortion of the public money
under false pretences.
Pray, can any man tell us why the rector of the
empty parish church should be paid a thousand a
year by the nation, While. the minister of the
crowded Methodist chapel should get nothing ? Is
there any reason why the fashionable temple before
which hundreds of private carriages of the rich draw
up every Sunday, should be supported out of the
hard earnings of the many poor who never enter it,
while the poor conventicle in the back street,
wherein the pinched Baptist preacher labours to
reclaim the bare and ragged to society, virtue and
Heaven, should have to be maintained out of the
hard-earned farthings of the needy ? These queries
The Peninsular and Oriental Company's screw do not imply the adoption of the voluntary prin.
steamship Ellora, Capt. J. K. Joy, arrived at South- ciple. There is nothing in our apprehension for
ampton on Saturday morning, with the heavy por- which a State would get a better return for its
money than an ample provision for the ordinances
tion of the above named mails, in charge of Mr.
Roberts, of the General Post-office. She brought 38 of public worship. We pay a million out of the
miscellaneous estimates for education—what pis
passengers (of whom 17 were first-class), a list of .. - - - - - • 2 "
relielous culture but tuition in Divine things . But
whose names was published in The ,:un of Thurs- the Sabbath was made for man, not man for the
day, and on freight £5OO in specie, a box of valu- Sabbath. An Establishment is for the nation, not
ables, 1,363 bales and 37 cases of silk, and 303 the nation for the Establishment. The State has
packages of general merchandise. no right to say—there is no sense in its saying—
The Ellora left Alexandria on the 27th ult., Malta to its subjects, that they are to worship this, and
the 31st, and Gibraltar the 4th inst. On the 24th not to believe in that. Faith by Act of Parliament,
a statutable creedais an intolerable and transparent
and 25th she was hove to off Alexandria, in conse- absurdity. A temple and a priest inside, with all
quence of a strong north-east wind, with a heavy the worshipping assembly outside or over the way,
sea on the bar. On the 29th and 30th, between is a spectacle to gods end men. Only think of the
Alexandria and Malta, she again encountered a shepherd nightly huddled up in the fold, and the
sheep straggling all over the moor, bleating in help -
b gale with a heavy sea, and was obliged to be hove
less bewi:derment ! Why, good heavens, what is
to under close reefed maintrysails. The strength of i the pen or the shepherd for but to feed and fald the
the gale continued for upwards of 12 hours, during ', flock? If they will neither be grazed nor sheltered,
which the port lifeboat was carried away. why pay for what has no function without them
Mr. John Ward, the American Minister, from -We say that the endowment of conformity, even
China, and Mr. H. S. Blanchard, his secretary, if it could effect its purpose, is an inherent absurdity.
landed at Malta. Who can say with prevailing authority that George
Fox or John Wesley, Joseph Priestley or Robert
On the 27th ult. the Ellora passed the Peninsular
Hall, were all wrong, taught what was heterodox
and Oriental steamer Vectis ; Feb. 4, at 4.30
pan./ and false, and that Jeremy Taylor or Tillotson alone
passed a Spanish, gunboat, steering south east; sth, were in the right P Even if a Protestant Pope
exchanged signals with the British bark Borelia, could be found. at Lambeth, clothed with a political
steerin south, and the Norwegian .brig Magaden. assumption of spiritual infallibility, what would be
g the use of his unerring authority if the people
Her Majesty's ship Firefly was at Alexandria; obstinately refuse Ito recognise it? If the Vo )isli
the Queen, Renown, Agamemnon, Exmouth, Caesar, liturgy, the Arminian clergy, and the Calvinistic
Melpomene, Scourge, and Foxhound at Malta ; and i creed of Anglicanism were as theologically perfect
the Orion and Argus at Gibraltar. The Orion
as they certainly are not, what avails it that even
,
" absolute wisdom" goeth about the streets, if no
Capt. Frere, arrived on the morning of the 2d from
man regarded her ?
the lonian Islands. The whole of our ecclesiastical economy, it is
Captain Hale's company of Royal Engineers em- quite plain, is founded upon a quite untenable
barked at Gibraltar for England at 8 o'clock on the hypothesis—that belief is to follow the endowment,
morning of the 4th inst. in the Himalaya troopship, not that the endowment is to go to the belief. A
which sailed for her destination at noon on the same Church Establishment, in fact, means distinctly
day. In the absence of Capt. Hale, Licut. I\l'Don. that the souls of men are to frame their faith by
tithes and church rates, not that the mint, and
cell left in command of the troops. Some invalids anise, and cumin are to refresh with their frararance
from the garrison also embarked in the Himalaya. the souls of men. Do not Wesleyans, Independents,
The Megrera, with the Royal Artillery from Ply- and Baptists need salvation as well as' Episco-
mouth, had not arrived up to 9 a.m. on the 4th. palians ? Are they not the Queen's subjects, alike
That part of the fifth brigade under Colonel ' members of the same society ? Is not the sole
intelligible pretext for a State ecclesiastical provi-
Maberly, which was to return home to Plymouth sion that it will promote religion among the people ?
by the same vessel, was in readiness -for embarca- Is that end to be best secured by subsidising
tion. spiritual ministrations they have abandoned, or by
A very strong easterly wind had been blowing supporting those they follow ? The question
at Gibraltar for three or four days, and continued answers itself, and to us no proposition can be
plainer than this, either that the revenues of the
up to the time of the Ellora leaving. Establishment should be confiscated for secular
The Dutch galliot Anni China, Captain Van purposes, or that they should be applied rateably,
Vyk, from Naples, bound to Rotterdam, lost her not to a favoured denomination, but to every wor-
foretopmast by coming into collision with the jib- shipping assembly according to its numbers:
boom of her Majesty's ship Orion, anchored off the The time has.arrived when Parliament and the
Ragged Staff, on the 3d inst, people can no longer evade the settlement of this
question. Conformity, orthodoxy, articles, crees,
The British steamer Adelia, Capt. 11. Caithness, and standards of faith have become an impostudre,
arrived at Gibraltar on her return from Mogadore an expensive sham. " Under which King, Bezonian?
'on the 29th ult., whither she had gone with de- Speak ! or die !" What is the Anglican faith ?
spatches from the Moorish Government. The cause 'What is it that we have endowed ? For which
of her long detention at that port was the want of creed is it that we pay ? What articles are to be
Pensioned off? High Church, Low Church, or
fuel. A supply of wood was taken in, but, after
ll)3road Church, Anythingarians, Nothingarians,
being a day at sea, it was insufficient, and she was Arians, Trinitarians, or Unitarians ? Which of the
obliged to put back. Coals were, however, at last two Newmans are to be followed—are we to go to
furnished by the British steamer Gladiator, which mass with Archdeacon Denison, or Exeter Hall
had arrived at that port from Cadiz. The British with Dean Close ; to worship with Bishop Hanip-
brig Wye was loading at Mogadore for London. dhen,
tor exlcvohm.nhm.nics tahte him 1 with . his
thdeaßni
land
Everything was quiet at Mogadore, and business cof Exeterer or Men GorheamsuaPrawarearremsnh,all ewe
gs
ootio)
beginning to revive. be saved—Saint Paul's, Knightsbridge, the Temple
The Peninsular and Oriental Company's steam- Church, Saint George's-in-the-East, or Saint
ship Delta, Captain J. S. Field, 4 days 21 hours Matthew's, Bethnal-green ?
from Southampton, arrived from Gibraltar on the We put these questions specifically on this account
—that the Quarterly reviewers, who agree in
Ist inst., and proceeded up the Mediterranean after . .
notning else, and, least of all, with the metropolitan
exchanging mails, &c. - clergy, are unanimous in the expression of their
The British screw steamer Euphrosyne, Captain opinion that the Oxford essayists can no longer,
J. Peters, 11 days from Liverpool and four from consistently with the opinion they express, continue
Ferrol, with a general cargo for Malta and Alex- in communion with the Church of England. The
andria, arrived at Gibraltar on the 30th ult. On .IVational. the 'Westminster, the Quarterly, and the
Edinburgh are all perfectly clear in the conviction
the 22d, in lat. 45.20 N., long. 8.15 W., 70 miles
that it would be inconsistent with fair dealing that
from the coast of Ferrol, she fell in with a full these able men should remain in an office, the dis-
rigged ship, supposed to be a Norwegian. Captain charge of whose functions to which they bound
Peters sent his chief officer on board, and found her themselves, they have virtually ignorethWe d. e hold
abandoned and waterlogged, laden with Baltic these strictures to be dictated by were
sctuea prudery of a spurious scrupulositysh
timber. No papers or documents were found, but Listenmi.
on board, on the quarter, the word " Westfold" was Subscription to the standards of the Church isciain
observed, leading to the supposition that this was obligation imposed, not by the Church a
hseasec2lar-
the name of the vessel. She was towed to the Ferrol, tion of Christian communion, buteby
tlt is a con-
where she arrived on the 24th, and was left in Legislature as a qualification for op
te: and we hold
tract betwixt the State and the pries , .
silent
charge of the supercargo of the Euphrosyne. Government is
that so long as the executive
none
The following outward bound British merchantparty who has any
on the subject,- there is no
other was entitled
steamers had also arrived at Gibraltar :—Jan, 26, title to interfere, because
'
the Marco Bozzaris, Captain G. Hindhaugh, seven to, or did, in fact, exact the conditions of official
.
obligation of conformity is neither
days from London, with a general cargo for Malta institution. The.pirtual, but legal. It is a statutable
and Constantinople ; 31st, the Peninsula, Captain
morlaLnaotirons- and must be interpreted strictly by
F. Archer, 101- days from London, with Government
qualification,
letter of the Act of Parliament, It is not a
stores and a general cargo for Gibraltar and Cadiz; question of degree. There is no dilectes doctrine
Not one ot of the law can
Feb. 3, the Milan, from Liverpool, with a general in the w
a Act_.
-1
. all must be or tittle fulfilled. He that offends
cargo for Genoa and Leghorn.
in one is guilty of all—Ealsum in uno, falsum in
The screw steamer William Hutt left for England
omnibus. No latitude •is given by the Act. You
at 5 p.m. on the 3d. must swallow the whole articles, services, homilies,
Rock from east
The following vessels passed the
to
west on the afternoon of the 2d :---The British. mitted to stray into Calvinism, but warned to avoid
Rosalie, the Norwegian Popery. You are not allowed to blink the Atha-
brigbark Sarepta, and the brig .
Austrian brig Ignio S. nasian Creed, but prohibited from hinting a doubt
Valkyrian, and the
the British ship Spitfire of the Mosaic account of the creation. It is not
On the morning of the 3d,
and the Russian open for Dr. M'Caul to say, " Oh, the doctrine of
and the American bark Omega;
, - baptismal regeneration is of no consequence, but,
ship Bore the same afternoon.' that of election or reprobation is." A legal obliga-
Exchanges at Gibraltar were quoted
as follows : -
tion, involving civil penalties, must be interpreted,
London, 90 days' date, 501,e.; Paris, ditto, sf. AR
--c.; not discretionally, but strictly and literally.
Madrid, 8 days' sight, par ; Cadiz, ditto, par; cow, if that be true, and if no clergyman should

"This is not an' Italian question, it is a French
question: My amendment by no means puts Italian
interests on the same footing as French interests.
It is not a question of sympathies' or antipathies;
interests alone must be the guides of policy. Gen-
tlemen, I hope my amendment will be adopted."
M. von Schleinitz made a few observations in
reply. He said:—
"As regards our relations with England I may
observe that England might not attach the same
importance to an alliance with Prussia unless ex-

tended to the whole of. Germany,• and unless-the
' dualism' between the two great German Pewers
should cease to neutralize completely the influence
of Germany in Eu4pe. As regards Venetia. The
question has been mooted whether 'Prussia, for the
maintenance of that province, would throw her
sword into the scale. As. I have already observed
that question does not touch us, perhaps never will
do so. We cannot, however, now state our inten-
tions as regards the resolutions which Prussia
might think fit to adopt. I will confine myself to
this statement that, as regards this question,
Prussia has not taken any engagements whatsoever.

BOMBAY AND MAURITIUS MAILS.

Ate clergy? •
But this has been alwayt the stale Ars:* of the.
Church. It first persecuted and prohibited all-dis-
sent ; held every schismatic, even in the smallest
divergence, to be an enormous sinner. When
seat tries became too strong for them it sneaked up
to orthodox dissent and called to it,.as agreeing in
all essential points, to help to persecute the Papist;
and Unitarians. When Unitarians grew in social
influence, it was discovered that the Church.
although not accepting their dectrine, could frater-
nise with them on the ground of a common Pro-
testantism ; and "last • of all, when the Jews
demanded of Parliament -the recognition' of their
civil rights, it has been seen that the Church of
England:that has ddclared.`Paßery:to be-Anti-christ,
land the Scottish Kirk thatrin ,its Act ,of Settle-
ment calls the Pope " that man of sin and son of
perdition," can Wheedle both Roman Catholics and
Unitarians to their aid, and tell them that their
differences are on comparatively minor points, and
that they legislate together. en the basis of a com-
mon Christianity against those who, are alleged to
call its author an impostor, Now, perhaps the
Sion College Sanhedrim may find that the Jews at
least accept the inspiration of the Old Testament,.
and may fraternise with those who seek to persecute
essayists who deny even that. Last of all, perhaps,
we shall find when the views of the latter make
way,, that fortune, which Makes lns acquainted with
strange bedfellows; will mike Dr. M'Caul glad. to
club noses with the essayitits and reviewers, to
make common cause with the religion of Nature
against the Atheists, Pantheists, or Buddhists.
our
Reverend Fathers of the Church—a word in y
ear—the least said's the soonest mended.

THE BISHOP OF DURHAM ON " ESSAYS AND
REVIEWS."—The following letter has been received by the
Venerable R. C. Cos, M,A., Archdeacon of Lindisfarne,
from, the Right Rev. the Lord Bishop of Durham, in reply
to an addreks to his lordship from the Arehdeaconry of Lin-
disfarne, on the subject of the work entitled " Essays and
Reviews," recently published :

" London, Feb. 4.
"My dear Archdeacon,-1 beg to acknowledge the re-
ceipteef the address from yourself, Om rural dean, and tilt:-
clergy of the Archdeaconry of Lindisfarne. Having felt it
to be.iny duty to read with great care the volume of 6 Es.
says and ROVIOVS' to which the address alludes, I am not
surprised that the hearts of honest, and faithful Churchmen
should burn with indignat'Ain at finding such a publication
should have emanated from men professing to be minis-
ters of our Church. lam still less surprised that you are,
-as clergymen, deeply grieved at finding such doctrines can
be heard from any pulpit or professional chair in our land.
You say you consider it desirable that the bishops
should at., Once proceed- to vindicate the commonlY
received Catholic sense of the Creeds, Articles, and Forma-
laries. I have not failed to convey your opinion and wish
to a large number of my right rev. brethren. The subject
has undergone long and serious consideration. The illness
of a beloved,menlber of the family of,the Archbishop of
Canterbury, and a telegraphic 'summons to him, rendered it
essential to postpone further discussion. You will feel with
me that any conclusion determined upon in the absence of
that most rev. prelate would have lost much of its effect
from the want of that weight which his wisdom and firm-
ness would have given to it. I feel that I should be fail-
ing in my duty, as your bishop, if I hesitated to express my
most deliberate conviction, formed after the careful read-
ing of the " Essays," that a more heterodox volume could.
scarcely have been produced. The cautious style of the
writers may possibly render it difficult to frame out of this
work 'a case 'for direct legal investigation ; but no candid
reader can be blind to the fact_ that inferentially the Atone-
ment is denied, miracles are explained away, prophecy is
cast erside, inspiration, in the only real meaning of the term,
is rejected. Under these painful circumstances, permit me
to express my hope that your exertions will not be limited
to the issuing the address which I have now received. I
feel that, as men of all shades of opinion in the Church have
united in signing the address, because they are convinced
of the presence, in the person of.these seven essayists, of a
, common foe to Christian truth, so we should all unite in
,dedicating ourselves afresh to the service of , our Divine
Master. We should, resolve not to allow mere externals to
divide us ; but, on the other hand, a common danger to our
common Christianity should make us cultivate a spirit of
scriptural unity, redouble our exertions to obtain an experi-
mental knowledge of the Word for ourselves, to propagate
the Gospel of Christ among our fellows, and maintain in
the face of the world the value of the sufficiency and supre-
macy of the Word of God. It will be, in great measure, by
our Christian earnestness and by our scriptural teaching
that- we shall guard the unwary from being led into paths
of such dangerous speculation, and show our abhorrence of
opinions which I, from my heart, consider to be not only
detrimental to the best interests of morality and derogatory
to the Word of God, but which are so manifestly opposed
to the truth as it is in Jesus. Praying that God may bless
all attempts to spread the pure Gospel of Christ through
the length and breadth of the land, I am, my dear Arch-
deacon, very faithfully yours,
"H. MONTAGU DIJNELM.
" Von. Archdeacon Coxe." •

TILE REAL CHARACTER OF LOUIS NAPOLEON.

(From the Saturday Review.)
We have always taken a view of Louis Napo-
leon's character somewhat different from that which
commonly prevails. He is usually supposed to be
a supernaturally far-sighted man, who lays his
plans long beforehand, matures them in silence,
profoundly calculates the means necessary for theireu
..
execution, and adheres to them through all diffi Jo
ties and accidents with inflexible thattenacit.
he
have always maintained, on the contrary,r
Ie to the
is a man of very ordinary capacity,
world only because he happens to terrible
the trigger
which would fire a.destructive mine--i:gr,estlessly ad-
and, up to
dieted, indeed, to eonspiraciebsu,tcliivry
far from long-
a certain point inventive,
lculations, wanting in
sighted or profound in hiasneda
somewhat infirm of
promptness of decisiono,,.the
Carbonari, levelled at
purpose. The dagger to
Italy; but he never knew
his breast, sent
bun
do when he got there, as his
exactly what he
a would
have sufficiently proved The
recent bewil-e:
conventional view of his genius required that his
conduct towards the Italians during the last six
sho.uld be styled " inscre and it
months
was styled inscrutable accordingly.utabl But; it was, in
fact, only perplexed and wavering. One line of ac-
tion was all the time crossing another line of action,
and both were marred by the complication. We do
not doubt that the Emperor's head is full of schemes
—the accumulation of a life of plots and of long
broodings in solitary imprisonment ; but we doubt
whether he has any grand plan or whether he even
understands the Europe in which he is acting, and
which is not that of the First Empire. He has in-
trigues going on everywhere—in Hungary, in Spain
in Belgium. in the Rhine Provinces, in Turkey, ill
Egypt, with the seditious Irish press, with a fue-
-1 tious leader of the English Opposition. He strives
at influence for himself on all sides ; but we suspect

that, like a magpie stealing spoOns, he scarcely
in
fluence
when what use is to he made of all this
when it is accumulated.

SWOOP OF A HAWK ON A BREAKFAST TABLE.
—On Thursday morning week, as Mr. Duncalfe, of Pirton,
near Wolverhampton, was sitting with his family at break-
fast, a hawk dashed against the window of the room with
such violence that a large pane of plate-glass was shivered
into a thousand fragments, several pieces striking Mr.
Duncalfe on the forehead, which was cut, but not seriously.
The bird fell in a dying state upon the breakfast table.
What makes the circumstance the more remarkable is, that
'this is the third time, within a few years, that Mr. Dun-
calfo's windows have been broken in the same way, in each
case ending in the death of the hawk.—,Stafordsnere .444-
vertiaer.