The Sun.
London, England, 1859-04-09 00:00:00

Congress must, if true, render war almost
inevitable. •

The manifesto jusfpublished by Count CAVOUn
does not by any means improve the position. It
is certainly an answer to a requisition from her
MAJESTY'S Ministers, but it shows that Sardinia
expects far more than Austria will be inclined to
grant, and that she is prepared to stake her very
existence in obtaining something like liberty for
the Italian States, not merely those which by
treaty engagements are placed under the rule of
Austria, but many others in which the latter
Power officiously interferes -without a shadow of
right or justice. Count CAVOUR acknowledges the
treaty obligations, and that Austria has the letter
of the law on her side so far as the Lombardo-Vene-
tian kingdom is concerned, but the impolicY and
injustice of her conduct are clearly explained, and
a course pointed out by which the Italian subjects
of FRANCIS-JOSEPH might be satisfied.
But the course pursued with respect to other
Powers is clearly unjustifiable. The non-inter-
vention principle has now been fully recognised.
Every question between a government and people
should be decided by themselves, and it is mon-
strous to find a force of foreign bayonets ready to
support any illegal or despotic act that might ex-
cite the indignation of the wholo people. There
can be no possible justification for the occupation
of different States in Central Italy, and if
the Cabinet of Vienna wishes to obtain
the moral support of Europe they will
remove these well - founded causes of com-
plaint. It is unfortunate that the factious
majority should have prevailed during so great an
emergency. It is, perhaps, to the majority that
we are indebted for these grave complications,
which might not have occurred had Lord MALMES-
BURY been enabled to carry on his negotiations
without so great a drawback.

Preparations are being made actively in all
directions for the coming struggle among the dif-.
ferent constituencies. Addresses are multiplying.
Old members are seeking re-election in the vast
majority of instances—the retirement of any of

them voluntarily being distinctly exceptional.

New men are " cropping up" in abundance as can-
didates here and there—and this frequently in
quarters the most unexpected. But few represen-
tatives have the self-command of Mr. WILLIAMS, of
Lambeth—withdrawing from a "coign of 'van-
tage"
_already attained by means of their past-
energy, but spontaneously and magnanimously
resigned because of their own consciousness of its
diminution by reason of deteriorated health or
relaxed vigour. Occasionally there are already
indications of change in some instances from an
old constituency to a new constituency. There is
the somewhat remarkable case, for example, of the
transference of the ex-Attorney-General from the
little borough of Aylesbury and his return hence-
forth for the more important borough of Wolver-

hampton.
The treatment of Sir RICHARD BETHELL by
the Liberal party of Aylesbury is certainly one
of the most flagrant indications yet brought to
light of the passion and pique now tending seriously
to disorganise the plans and to dissipate the hopes
of the already sufficiently dispirited Opposition.
The borough of Aylesbury is fast becoming a pro-
verb of fickleness and petulance among the liberal
constituencies. Mr. LAYARD'S rise and fall now
find somewhat of a corollary in the rise and fall
of Sir RICHARD BETHELL—OnIy that Sir RICHARD,
instead of being defeated at the polling booths,
himself indignantly, andwith very natural hauteur
under the circumstances, refuses to allow his name
to be put in nomination. It appears that the hon.
and learned gentleman had but very recently
acceded to the proposition proceeding from the
local Conservative agent down at Aylesbury, that
the present sitting members should be again
returned together Sir RICHARD BEallEi,L,
the Liberal, Mr. BERNARD, the Conserva-
tive. It was a reasonable proposition enough,
and one that, in every sense, was at once
rational and. honourable under the circumstances.
Scarcely, however, had Sir RICHARD accorded his
agreement to the proposition, when, without a
with your leave, or by your leave, without the
courtesy of any sort of communication with
the distinguished sitting Liberal represen-
tative of the constituency—up starts suddenly
another Liberal candidate for the representation,
one of those charming curiosities (quite a lusus
naturce of its kind), a new-born Whig, a Mr. WENT-
WORTH, a son-in-law of the renowned UL'_cß,
Marquis of CLANRICARDE. This Mr. WENTWORTH
first intimates his advent by the summary
publication of an address to the electors of
Ithe borough, an address enunciating liberal
views, and plainly announcing the writer's deter-
mination to go to the poll. Thereupon, startled
fiom their " propriety" by the unanticipated appa-
rition of this address, the Conservative party natu-
rally enough • conclude that the recent agreement
arrived at with Sir RicHAD BETHELL has been
repudiated—and, driven to bay thus abruptly, they
of course start another candidate for the iselves !
Oat of all this, however, comes another complica-
tion, in the shape of what we cannot but think a
really inevitable consequence under the circum-
stances. Sir RICHARD BETHELL conceives
himself to have been most unfairly dealt
with by the Liberal party of Aylesbury
—a constituency he has now for the last
eight years represented with admirable ability
(even his opponents will allow this) in the coun-
cils of the Imperial Parliament. He is indignant
at the unwarrantable course that has been followed.
Ile does not consider it to be befitting his own
dignity to act in concert with an individual who
has thus unwarrantably striven to supplant him
with his own constituency. He refuses, as we have
said, to allow his name to be put in nomi-
nation—he withdraws from the constituency. Hap-
pily to find a more suitable colleague before
him in the presence of the Right Honourable
CHARLES VILLIERS, and a much • more important
constituency ready to welcome him as he deserves,
namely, the constituency of Wolverhampton. But
how does this incident, let us ask, now affect the
prospect of. the Liberal party down at Aylesbury ?
Why it affects those prospects so seriously that
there is really and truly a very great probability
at this moment that Aylesbury—in consequence
of Mr. WENTWORTH, the son-in-law of Lord
CLANBICARDE----will return two Conservatives to
the new Parliament! It is the dog and the shadow
all v
at the phantom and losing
the
substance—snapping—ing
at all and losing every-
over a g aingrsP
every-
thing. We have been thus explicit, even to par-
ticularity, in referring to the conduct, the most
unwarrantable and, to say the least of it, the most
mistaken conduct of the Liberal party down at Ayles-
bury, because we regard the course there pursued
as one of serious significance. It is illustrative, in a
painful manner, of the passion, the precipitation, and
the overreaching arrogance of a very large section of
the • so-called Liberals and psuedo-reformers
throughout the country, a
passion, a precipitation
and an arrogance tending to make that confusion
worse confounded for which we are already so