The Sun.
London, England, 1861-03-25 00:00:00

LITERATURE.

Lucy Melville ; or, Lost and Found. 3 vols.
Hurst and Blackett.
This is a very pleasing story, there are a great
many characters introduced, and altogether we meet
with almost every variety of disposition. The
author is particularly happy in the sketches of
young girls, of whom there are many to grace and
enliven these pages. The heroine Lily is a delight-
ful picture of a sensitive and refined disposition
early initiated into the cares and trials of life. The
story is another of those tales, whose name is, in-
deed, " legion," of an " enfant trouve," with which
the literature of every land abounds; but in this
case there is some novelty met with, as a very long
period elapses before the discovery is made. Mr.
and Mrs. Lacy are patterns of domestic bliss and
bright illustrations of virtuous parents, whose hope
is to rear up their family in the ways of pleasant-
ness and the paths of peace, and whose happy des-
tiny it is to have those prayers answered, and those
wishes fulfilled—a more charming family could
hardly be imagined than that of the Grove. Not
alone did the benignant influence extend over the
immediate members of the home circle, whose sons
grew up as the young plants, and whose daughters
shone as the polished corners of the temple, but all
those received beneath the roof were benefited.
Effie, the wild and untutored West Indian girl, and
Lily, the desolate outcast, were alike made happy
and at home there. Mrs. Granville is very
adroitly sketched as a woman who was so wrapt
up in external requirements, that she constantly
forgot everything else. Minnie, her beautiful young
daughter, reaped the bitter effects• of the unwise
conduct on the part of her mother. Had it not been
for the fortunate introduction to Mr. and Mrs.
Melville, her death would have been a dark hour,
indeed, and the summons of the king of terrors
would have been more dreadful to the proud daugh-
ter of the princely house than to the meanest
dweller of the cottages around. Mary, the eldest
daughter of Mrs. Lacy, had married Mr. Melville,
the rector of Mrs. Granville's parish, and the wise
counsel and loving ways practised at the Grove
bloomed with fresh beauty and flourished in in-
creased vigour in the new soil into which they had
been transplanted. Henry Granville, the possessor
of the estate, was fortunate in choosing Ellen, the
second daughter of the Lacys, as his partner. The
excellent advice of Mr. Melville so affected his pre-
vious good disposition, that he eschewed his mother's
worldly maxims and set out for himself in the new
path put before him. He became one of those
favoured few and far between who are the protec-
tors of their property, in the purest sense of the
term, with whom the welfare of their people is a
sacred trust committed to them by Providence, for
which they will one day have to give a strict
account. Ellen is the most pleasing of the ladies
met with; she is beautiful and graceful, but these
are her least attractions. She possessed an intelli-
gent mind and a kind heart. She was placed in
more difficult positions than the rest of her family;
she emerged successfully from the trial, and when
exalted so much above them all, she was the same
unaffected and gentle being that she had been in
her girlish days. Dr. and Mrs. Scott are most ludi-
crous specimens of humanity. Mrs. Scott was the
sister of Mrs. Lacy, but of a totally different dispo-
sition. Shs had been quacking herself all her days,
and finally, to the horror of her friends, married
her last grand discoverer, in the medical line, in the
full hope and confident expectation that he would
be able to retire from business and devote all his
abilities solely to her: This hope proved futile and
this expectation illusory. When they were mar-
ried Dr. Scott threw physic to the winds, insisted
on the immediate and final dissolution of her
nerves, of which every one who had met her had
heard so much, and if she proved refractory to the
rules of the new pharmacopoeia, he compelled her to
rise early and to take violent exercise before break-
fast. Her health improved greatly, but she felt
utterly disappointed. Mr. and Mrs. Bell and their
daughters afford a glimpse of another phase of life;
here we meet with a vulgar woman who tyrannises
over natures refined beyond her comprehension. Mr.
Bery was the rector of the village where the Lacys
resided. He it was who first adopted the outcast
Lily, and, at his death, transferred her as a sacred
charge to the family at the Grove. The brief
record of his only daughter is a most touching pas•
sage in the story. Lucy Bery is one of those bright
beings who seem now, even here, to bear about
them traces of that angelic world on whose confines
their spirits are lingering. Mr. Bery was a true
pastor to his flock, and his whole life was devoted
to the holy work in which he had engaged. He
seemed a copy of the beautiful lines of Goldsmith—
" And as a bird each fond endearment tries
To tempt her new-fledged offspring to the skies,
Ile cheered each flight, reproved each dull delay,
Allured to brighter worlds and led the way."

The meeting of the long parted parents and their
beautiful child is affectingly narrated, and at the
end of the story there are some bright pictures
drawn of the felicity of the group who have long
figured before us. This is a light story with
nothing very remarkable in it, but it gains upon
the attention by is beautiful descriptions of home-
life, and it interests throughout by its attractive
characters. Those who desire an agreeable subject
for a few hours' perusal will be delighted with
" Lucy Melville," and many might gain hints how
to make home happy, by studying the ways of the
household of the Grove, who truly dwelt together
in unity. These volumes present a graceful and
genial sketch of English country life, mingled with
variety in incident and vivid descriptions of dif-
ferent characters.

Paul the Pope, and Paul the Friar : a story of an
Interdict. By T. Adolphus Trollope, author t,f
" A decade of Italian Women," &c. Chapman

and Hall.
There are probably few readers of the present
time who are at all familiar with the events of the
great struggle between Pope Paul V. and the Vene-
tian Republic, which, in its day agitated all the
Courts of Christendom, and engrossed the attention
of monarchs and statesmen. Yet that struggle was
not withoutlasting effect, and had it terminated dif-
ferently the consequences to the ultimate develop-
ment of social and religious liberty might have been
serious. Pope Paul the Fifth, who had passed the
greater part of his life among the musty records of
Roman law, found himself unexpectedly elected to
the Pontificate in 1506. He came to his new dig.
nity impressed with the most exaggerated views
of his own authority and importance, and his pas-
sionate and obstinate temper seconded only too '
well the suggestions of 'his intellect. He availed
himself of every opportunity of asserting the dig-
nity of the Popedom, and in several disputes which
occurred with the neighbouring States, at the com-
mencement of his reign, he obtained speedy sub-
mission on the part of his opponents by threats and
menaces which he would not have scrupled to
fulfil. He found, however, a very different antago•
nist in the Republic of Venice. That state, then
eminent for the wisdom andpatriotism of its rulers,
refused to accede to his unjust demands. The
Pope had long been displeased with the indepen-
dent attitude maintained by the Venetians, and was
not slow to avail himself of the opportunity of ex-
pressing his displeasure. The points in dispute
were two. In the first place the Senate had caused
the arrest of two priests who had offended
against the criminal law ; and, secondly, they
had confirmed an old law which forbade grants
of land to ecclesiastics. The immense portions of
territory which had passed into the hands of the
Church, and its exemption from taxation, rendered
this statute. necessary. After the interchange of
remonstrances, expostulations, explanations, en-
treaties, and threats the Pope placed the whole of the
Venetian territories under an Interdict ; that is to
say, a wholesale excommunication. The senators
of Venice, however, were nothing daunted. They
refused to acknowledge that they had been in the
wrong, and consequently declared the 'ope to be
acting under a mistake, and the Interdict to be null
and void. They adopted the most active measures ;
they prevented the publication or diffusion of the
obnoxious document; they insisted on the priests
continuing the performance of their accustomed
duties, and such ecclesiastics who refused to disobey.
the Papal injunctions were at once transported be-
yond the frontier. They also kept up a large stand-
ing army ready to encounter less spiritual measures
of enmity, and made continual and earnest repre-
sentations to all the chief Courts of
Europe, of the state of the case. 'With
all this, however, they refused to make any
concession of their rights, and at length
after a protracted struggle, and the active inter-
vention of France and Spain, matters were brought
to a conclusion, the Pontiff being obliged to sur-
render his extravagant pretensions. The two
priests were surrendered to the French ambassador
under pretence of paying a compliment to his King,
and with the express stipulation that it was an
exceptional case. The laws werebleft on the statute-
books, and Venice came forth triumphant from the
dreaded encounter, professing compleie equanimity
and indifference. The chief actor in the final
negotiations was Cardinal Joyeuse, whom
Henry IV. despatched as envoy extraordinary
and mediator. The interference of Philip 111. of
Spain only tended to complicate affairs, while the
counsels of our timid and talkative James I. were
throughout most energetic and warlike. All
through this fierce encounter the Senate was ad-
vised, assisted, and supported by the counsels of
Paul the Friar, a member of the Servite brother-
hood, and one of the most eminent men of his day
for natural ability and acquired learning of every
kind. A contemporary and familiar associate of
Galileo, it has even been doubted how far the con-
structiou of the thermometer is due to him, while

I his countrymen believe him to have forestalled
1 Harvey in the discovery of the circulation of the
blood. y In the strife of pens and wordy harangues,
citation of authorities, references to ancient manu-
scripts, and hair-splitting disquisitions, which, in
accordance with the spirit of the time, were called
forth by the quarrel, Friar Paul especially distin-
guished himself, and his labours in behalf of the
Republic were unceasing. Familiar with the
secrets of Rome, and well skilled in theological
learning, he would have been a formidable opponent
even without the vigorous intellect and inflexible
integrity that were his most formidable weapons'
When the struggle was over, it is not surprising
that the partisans of Rome looked with the deadliest
enmity on him who had lent such efficient aid to
the rebellious senate, and sought every means to
entrap him. The friar was too wise to truss
himself out of Venice, and failing other won!
of revenge, his enemies had resort to the despicable
crime of assassination. The intended victim, hog-
ever, survived the attempt, and the Senate re-
doubled its rewards and precautions. It is satis-
factory to find that this eminent man died a natural
death at an advanced age in 1622, a year after the
death of Paul the Pope, his old antagonist. The
readers who are acquainted with Mr. Trollopo
style will readily imagine that this story loses
nothing in his hands. His familiarity with the
Italian history of that epoch, and his fervent *lir
pathy for religious liberty and free governmell"
qualify him in no ordinary degree for the task he
has undertaken. His opening chapters on "
Time" and " The Men," prepare the way for tued
succeeding events, and make the reader acquaint%
with the scene of action. His lengthened account
of the election of a Pope, taken from an old Italian
work by one of the Cardinal's secretaries, is eery
curicus. The work is, perhaps, somewhat too
voluminous. We can readily believe that the WO
of correspondence and accumulation of documents'
through which he has waded, make his own work $
mere epitome by comparison, but nevertheless a fur-
ther condensation of his materials would have rove,
it more acceptable to the general reader, without
in any degree depreciating its value, as repetitions
both of narrative and reflection occasionally occur'
The English public are, however, indebted to Mr'
Trollope for a very interesting volume, which, ill
connection with his former, and we hope with his
future, works, will tend to increase the very liniitel
knowledge generally possessed among us of the
history of the Italian Republics. The following
tribute to the wisdom and ability of the Veneties
Government affords a fair specimen of the author 6
style :
But if the gratitude of all succeeding generations, anc!
especially of the present, has been,!and is, due, in a great!.
measure, perhaps, than has been generally recognised, tuo
Father Paul, to a still greater degree have the historian
of the various European nations failed to mete out a 1.11,1
measure of recognition to the sagacious, intrepid, axid
patriotic government, which employed, protected, ari,
backed him, and which, at a time when greater nations fol.
corrupt motives would not, and weaker communities darra,
not, oppose the encroachments of Church power on tuf
secular affairs of mankind, stood forth the champleuu'r
civil liberty and the supremacy of civil law. It was 1151.7,16
the strong shield of the Venetian republic that the terr!".,
Friar braved the power which, but for such protectqJeo
would have crushed him in an instant. It was at 0
bidding and for the laws of Venice that he fought as a Vene-
tian 4
citizen, preferring loyalty to his humanity to loyalty
to his tonsure.
The position assumed by the Government of Venicle
the great and all-important struggle which is to be
subject of the following pages, was truly such as to niertio
the admiration and gratitude f mankind. But in this,'
in various other respects, the peculiar and remarkable ,-Ture
10 vernment which ruled Venice and its territory for 4
than eight hundred years, has been but superficially stadiito
and very erroneously appreciated by the writers of pgu
history. The French historian Daru, whose work Is ,°;l4
of pretension, and has incautiously been widely receive,' a
one of authority, has contributed much to this false a"
unjust estimate by its errors in fact and unfairness in re-
presentation. But a few picturesque lines by an unislt., ,0
sally-read poet have done perhaps even more to root in t„mt
contemporary popular mind a very mist iken notion ut;
Government which, though it was by no means free fro:
:
the errors in practice and theory that belonged to its ages
was for a period of many centuries decidedly in advance O
any other European community, both in its conception e,f
the functions of the Government and its mode of carrli,7
out its views. A graphic poet-spoken word or two of dot
scription of the prisons of the republic—a romantic storS
two of the secret action and irresistible power of " the Tech
—have sufficed to enable the flash of genius to photog,ra,P,,,
on the yablie mind the well-known picture of a nlYreio
rious, remorseless, and tyrannic power, which serves
general reader" for an idea of that skilfully-constructed t'o
well-poised system of government to which mankind 110,.°,,t
many occasions owed so much. In vain the matter of-,9'
traveller, rule and notebook in hand, visits the prisole;
which have securely established themselves in all tl`v
romantic imaginations of Europe, and proves that gfi",
jury of upholsterers would pronounce them far more e),
Portably habitable than many of our own. In vain 'te
suggested to the romance-of-history-loving mind that, us
Bridge of Sighs conveys by its poetically lugubrl°to
name no such serious imputation on the authorities? I,
which it belonged, as for instance the phrase " 131 ac,
Monday" casts on the administrations which made Niaci",
day perennially " black" at the Old Bailey. The pro See
man and humble dealer in facts finds it—not in this matte
,;
alone—a very up-hill and well-nigh hopeless task to nau"
that which the poet and the romancer have but too tl3°'
roughly done.
The real history of Venice has yet to be written. A-1311,111-
dant materials for it are now available which could bar
be said to be available a few years ago. It is a sg„t
second to none that mankind has ever acted in all i;
makes history valuable and delightful. We have rau'i
writing on the subject ; but we have not yet the history
Venice, in any language,

The Campaign of Garibaldi in the Two Biellies;
A Personal Narrative. By Charles Stuart
Forbes, Commander R.N., author of " Iceland
its Volcanoes, Geysers, and Glaciers." Willits°
Blackwood.
't
This is a most interesting little work, and ,
sure to be one that will be received well anywbe'in
as it refers to one of the most striking men io
the day, and one who will occupy a bright page ,
the annals of the history of the nineteenth centur&'
The author of this book had the advantage of ro
acquaintanteship with the illustrious hero of Rail'',
liberty, and hence he is enabled to write as °fit-,
who knows of what he speaks, and has no Oral:,
tale to tell us, since he has mingled in some of the
stirring scenes that have rendered Italy the stew
of interest on which the eyes of Europe have baw
lately gazing. He thus writes :—" Courteously
permitted by Garibaldi to follow the bent of 11314
inclination, and honoured by his friendship, I plisa,eio
many hours in his society, and ofttimes shared!',
frugal hospitality. If I have abstained from dilatsa.,°,
on his character, it is because I feel that langlos
fails to do him justice. The irresistible spell vrislo
enables him to usurp all hearts may be traced ot.'
the simple fact that he is what Pope has termed tP
'Pe
noblest work of God, "an honest man."
period of his stay was very brief, but in those Rio
months more events of importance occurred th 11
have often taken place in as many years. It sc
be found throughout these pages that a cer,,,10
graphic description is given of all that took Pstif
of consequence, and that it is written in a Icei
spirit and an animated style. This record parts p,
of the character of a romance, when we conte
plate the extraordinary achievements that Wet,
accomplished by a daring spirit and a devoted /tete,
There is a portrait of Garibaldi at the commeavol
ment, and throughout the book there are sever 00
illustrations, which furnish the reader with Pla ,
of the various battles and the places of the acts
These are of great service, as we can always fbrlo
a better idea of an occurrence when all its detsler
are spread out, and when the mind can bett a
grasp the relative position of different places 10
their consequent influence on the events of to,
warfare. This campaign of Garibaldi is not uri,
worthy of the land in which it took place, as 0314
baldi observed to his companions in arms :—" It.ae'a
owes to you an undertaking which has merit
the applause of the universe. You have conquerre"
and you will conquer still, because you are 131
pared for the tactics that decide the fate of battle',
You are not unworthy of men who pierced the setfi
ried ranks of a Macedonian phalanx, and conten%
not in vain with the proud conquerors of A.s';
To this wonderful page in our country's histsfr4
another more glorious still will be added, a 0
the slave shall show at last to his free brethren
sharpened Word forged from the links of his fetteriscii
An impressive description is given of Garii.batbe
distributing the medals to the remnant of at
" Glorious Thousand," who landed with biracied
Marsala. He appropriately and feelingly 814400
to those who had perished in the struggle in that,
words, "But many of those who went with usa
the
now absent,—their bones are bleaching ea
fields of Calatafimi and Palermo, the Mental:ls'ot,
the Schiaffinis, the Yiickiiris : they will 110
however, be forgotten ; let their families keep ,os
testimonial of their valour as an heirloom, and Jo it
young veterans, who have survived to receivoot
with your own hands, remember that all is oe
done yet, and that I trust and reckon on leo,
whenever your services shall be again requi'nfe
Let us begin the distribution with those who
fallen in our sacred cause." This eloquent trips
to the memory of those who had fallen by
wayside before the prize had been won, is in aevo(
dance with the spirit of those famous lines
Byron,—
" To us even banquets, fond regrets supply,
In the red cup that crowns their memory,
And the brief epitaph on dangers day,
When those who win at last, divide the prey
And cry, remembrance saddening o'er each brat,
How had the brave who fell, exulted now."
t I
The author of this work has conferred a bene.fi 00
the reading community in presenting them I°, ter,
cancise an account of a most important and in le
esting episode in the history of nations. The: all
is attractive from its vigour and vivacity, an'ar
who desire to refresh their memories by the All
usal of the Italian incidents of last autumn, je
do well to possess themselves of this Yo'r'rto
which they will find facts narrated that s
stranger than many
seems
wns,oratnhdy the deedeA o 013
ee
hero chronicled who of the gOQ-

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