The Sun.
London, England, 1861-03-28 00:00:00

TUB WEATHER.-Strx OFFICE, MARCH 28, 1861.

THEILMOMZTEB., IN THB fiRADB.
57—highest since noon yesterday.
46—lowest this morning and during the night.
51—this day at noon.

BAROMETER--29.52.
WlND—West-N.-Westerly—light; with dull weather,
Rain in the morning; afternoon fine.

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THE SUN.

LONDON, THURSDAY, MARCH 28, 1861

The fall text of Count CAVOUR'S speech is more
than worthy of the estimate we had been led to
form of it by the telegraphic summary. It is
equally firm, not making a single unworthy con-
cession, yet it is so able and conclusive in argument
and so sincerely respectful in tone and spirit, both
to France and the Pontiff, that it will conciliate as
much as it will convince. Conciliate—we mean, of
coarse, all who are susceptible of conciliation. For
it forms in this respect a striking oontrast to the
implacable allocution of the POPE, which we pub-
lished yesterday; a document breathing nothing
the less of the spirit of implacability because it
talks of " forgiving and praying for those who hate
am "—the Bishop of ROME imitates herein our
own Bishop of EXETER, who at one time was
wont to curse by his prayers. We can
hardly conceive two documents more in con-
trast than the haughty, anathematising, denun-
ciatory, and, in temper, unchristian, allocution
which we published yesterday, and the manly and
firm, yet generous speech of the Count which we
publish to-day. Whoever drew up the Pope's
speech might well take a lesson from the civil
Minister at Turin.
We do not know that we ever saw the argument
respecting the essential disadvantage of the Tem-
poral Rule of the Pope better illustrated than in
the Count's speech. We in England take for
granted that a government by a High Priest and
Priests and Levites is out of the question.
Theocracy is out of date with us, at least
since the days of the STUARTS, but CAVOUR has
to convince, if he can, the intelligence of the
Catholic world, that the consummation of his in-
tentions will be for their advantage ; that the
Head of their faith will be more independent
when the entire independence of the civil and
spiritual powers are proclaimed, than he has long
been or can ever be under the present system.
We need not give a summary of his arguments,
but they will repay well the perusal of all who are
interested in the subject. That they will weigh
with the tenants of the Vatican is not to be ex-
peeted—indeed, as we saw yesterday, the Pope
is made to say, "We declare openly and
loudly, that nothing shall ever induce us
to consent to this reconciliation, and we make this
solemn declaration before GOD and man." " GOD
and Man," therefore, are left to take their course
independently of the Court of Rome, and will
assuredly do so. It may be, and is worth while,
for CAVOUR to show the Catholic world that reason,
not ambition, is his guide ; but for paper allocutions,
it cannot be supposed he will care more than
LUTHER did for the bull which he burnt. Perhaps
the most vexing part of the Speech, after all, to the
Pontiff will, be that in which the statesman pro-
claims to the world the need of Church Reform,
and praises the " noble army" of martyrs to
Reformation to which Italy has given birth.
The Count handles exceedingly well also rela-
tions with France. Not denying the existence of
an intervention such as the previous speaker had
indicated, he yet insists fairly on the debt incurred
by Italy when she invited French aid in 1859
while France was still at Rome, and strongly asserts
that Italy will never imitate towards France the
boasted ingratitude of Austria towards Russia
Italy, whatever her wishes and aspirations, will
not show herself insensible to her moral obliga-
tions. He declares, indeed, in the most explicit
language that the impossibility of conceiving
an Italian nation not requiring Rome for its capital,
La the basis of their right to ask it. As a native of
Turin, he should feel the surrender of position
by his native town, but in common with every
Italian, he should feel also that the whole history of
Rome as the capital of the world, and of Italy,
placed the propriety of the case beyond all doubt.
It may be hoped that Louis NAPOLEON is aware
of all this as Well as the Italians, and that though
he has ordered six months' provisions for the
French troops at Rome, it is not his intention to
keep them there till Autumn. He has advanced
too i'Sr in his conflict 'with ultramontanism in
Fran ce itself, to render a retreat possible, and the
present paeition of Italy gives him the opportunity
to deal it a deadly blow, with the applause
of

all Europe.
T:he proposition before the Chtliabers
when the
last; account of the it proceedings reached us was,
on the motion of Signor BITONCOMPAGNI, that—.
" Tlie Gharober, having heard the declaration of