The Sun.
London, England, 1859-11-21 00:00:00

THE SUN, LONDON, MONDAY EVENING, NOVEMBER 21, 1859.

PRIZE CATTLE SHOW of the Smithfield
Club.—The Annual Exhibition of Pr ze Cattle, Seeds,
Roots, ImplementS, Arc., commences on TUESDAY Morning
and closes on FRIDAY Evening, 6th, 7th, Bth, and tth De-
cember.—Baker-street Bazaar, King-street Entrance. Open
from daylight till nine in the Evening. Admittance One
Shilling.

DRURY LANE PROMENADE CONCERTS.
The Committee appointed to superintend a Series of
Promenade Concerts as introduced into this Country and suc-
cessfully carried out by M. JULLIEN, have • ntered into
arrangements by whioh these highly popular entertainments
may be again presented to the public with all their former
brilliancy. The ORCHESTRA will consist of nearly ONE
HUNDRED PE ttFORMERS, including many of the most
distinguished Artistes of the day. Engagements have been
already made, and others are in progress, with some of the
greatest favourites as Vocalists and Solo Instrumentalists.
The Series of Concerts will commence on SATURDAY next,
the 26th instant, and can only be prolonged for FOURTEEN
NIGHTS.

The supply of Refreshments during these Concerts has
been confided exclusively to Mr. STRANGE, of the Crystal
l'alaee, Sydenham, whose success as a caterer for that Esta-
blishment is a sufficient r.-.uar.ntee for the complete satisfac-
tion of the Public in this department.
Boxes, Amphitheatre, and Promenade, ONE SHILLING;
Dress Circle, 2s. 6d. ; Private Boxes, 10s. 6d. and 21s.
Theatre Royal, Drury Lane,
Novembsr Is, 1859.

CHEERFUL FIRES AND CHEAP COALS.
Best House Coals 2ls. 6d. per ton.
Duchess Coals
For Cash on delivery to any part of London.
Orders addressed to THE ATHERTON COLLIERY
COMPANY, 31, Threadneedle-street, E.C., will meet with
immediate attention.

' mule to the conclusion that I am right, then Go-
vernment should see that no more iron vessels shall
be sent to sea without the safeguard of powerful
longitudinal bearings and fastenings.
This is not a discussion for a newspaper; but
life is not long, enough to move official men in this
country ; I am unable to correspond with ship-
builders ; let this have its chance therefore through
your columns, for the Sake of humanity.—l am, sir,
your very obedient servant, D. BAIN.
Downets-wharf, London, Nov. 18.

STEAM VESSELS FOR THE GANGES,

~-d--

The first of two steamers, intended for the navi-
gation of the Ganges, is now ready for launching
from Messrs. Reid and Co.'s shipbuilding yard at
Port Glasgow, and is immediately to be towed
round to Liverpool to receive her engines, which
have been constructed by Messrs. Fawcett and
Preston, the eminent- engineers. These steamers,
which are the property of the Oriental Inland
Steam Company of London, are of light draught,
and are intended to tow barges which will collec-
tively carry a very large cargo with a draught of
water not exceeding two feet, and with this immer-
sion they will be able to navigate the Ganges
during the driest season. The nominal power is
250 horses, but the engine e expected to work
up to 1,000 horses. esseLs are remarks.*
for their strength and ness. They are effec-
tually trussed beneath t decks by a framework
of angle iron, and above deck by wrought iron"
tubes, whereby -suck longitudinal strength is
imparted that the vessel cannot be damaged
should she get aground, a circumstance of fre-
quent occurrence in all vessels navigating the
Ganges or other rivers of the East. The barges
belonging to this steamer have already been built
by Messrs. Reid, and were shipped to Calcutta about
two months ago. The steamer now to be launched,
it is proposed, shall sail to Calcutta round the Cape.
She will, thus be ready to commence plying on the
river immediately on her arrival, against which
time the barges already sent out will, it is expected,
have been erected and got ready for work. The
second steamer, which is also advanced far towards
completion, will be tried on the Clyde with her
barges attached before being despatched to India.
When it is stated that each of these barges will
carry about 600 tons measurement of cargo, and
that it is expected that each steamer will tow five
barges, it is easy to see what an enormous cargo
these vessels will be able to convey. There are no
vessels now in India of anything near the same ton-
nage or power. It may be -fairly expected, there-
fore, that these vessels will be at least as successful
as those. already plying on the Ganges. What that
success is will best appear by a reference to the
dividends which the existing Ganges Companies
have been paying for some years, which have risen
by degrees to 40, 50, 60, 70, and, as appears by the
last mail from Calcutta, to 80 per cent. per annum.
These vessels will be immediately on the spot,
and will be -prepared to reap their proportion
of the rich harvest which is to be there gathered.—
Greenock Advertiser.

THE AMERICAN MINISTER AND THE

CHINESE OFFICIALS.

A correspondent of the Journal of Commerce,
writing cm board. the United States' ship Powhat-
tan under date of the 15th of July, gives the fol-
lowing account of Mr. Ward's interview with the
Governor-General of one of the Chinese provinces :
" The conference was now opened, being sustained
entirely on the one side, and mainly by the Gover-
nor-General on the other, the second red-button
mandarin only occasionally joining it. The Gover-
nor-General was neatly bat plainly dressed, easy,
gentle, and polite in his bearing, and, however'
earnestly speaking, using but little gesticulation.
His age is 52. He is moderate in stature and size, and
altogether, mentally, physically, and in manners, in
a good degree of harmony with European ideas.
Different in all respects was his associate, a stout,
gross-built man, and his face indicative also of
grossness of mind, cheerful and even laughing, and
considerably boisterous in conversation, which he ,
enlivened and enforced by the use of much gesticu-
lation.
From his appearance he might be judged to I
be about 40 years old. As soon as they were seated
in the room the Governor-General asked the Mini-
ster what had brought him to the north. He re-
plied that he was on his way to Pekin, there to ex-
change the ratifications of the treaty. The Gover-
nor-General asked if he had heard of the battle'
which had recently taken place with the English.!
The Minister replied, ' Yes.' The Governor-Gene-
ral
then asked if the English had not acted very!
hastily and improperly. The Minister replied
' These difficulties -must be settled by themselves.
He was pursuing the course marked out by the
American treaty, that he hoped and believed the
Chinese Government would abide by the stipula-
tions of the treaty, and furnish him with, the means
of going to Pekin.' The Governor-General replied
that the treaty was to be exchanged at Pekin, buts
that the Minister could not go until the arrival of
the Commissioners from Shanghai who had bee I]
appointed by his Majesty to conduct him there
Our Minister said that it was a matter to him per
sonally of no importance where he remained, but i
was not respectful to the nation he represented t
keep him more than a month off the coast avraiting
the arrival of the commissioners, and that he should
so report it to his Government. The Governor-GeJ
neral asked at what point he would prefer remairei
ing until the arrival of the commissioners. Our Ml=
nister replied, ' In Pekin, or on board his own fril
gate.' The Governor-General then proposed that if
neither of the commissioners arrived within ten days
of that time our Minister should then proceed to
Pekin, and there await the arrival of the commisi
sioners from Shanghai. To this our Minister as-
sented, and subsequently all preparations were
made for Mr. Ward and his party by the Governor
General. The hall soon became so crowded with
Mandarins of various ranks, all desirous to see
the strange sight, and to hear, even if they could
not upderstand, all of them standing through
the whole session, that they obstructed the
,circu-
lation of the air, and made the heat oppressive.
It was estimated that about 50 of these official's
were present in this contracted room. It seems th
be a privilege among the Chinese to attend upoU
such occasions, showing there is a democratic ele-
ment even under this despotic Government; and #
is said to be extensively diffused, and sometimea
quite rigorous, the people of a neighbourhood dr
district even posting printed notices and calls fdr
' crop meetings,' to get up petitions and remon-
strances against the wrongs they may be suffering
from the Mandarins. Reference was made in the
conversation to the recent action at the mouth of the
Peiho, when it was remarked by the Governor-
General that the hasty and rash conduct of the
English had produced all the mischief, attempting
to show that the Chinese officials had been highly
forbearing and entirely unexceptionable. It was
evident that his Excellency and others were quite
uneasy in contemplation of the past and the future,
and were even alarmed by their victory. This was
especially evident when the Governor inquired about
the English fleet, and was told that both the French
and English Ministers had left the Gulf of Pet-
cbeelee and gone down to Shanghai. Obviously
they desired to conciliate the good opinion of Mr.
Ward and the Commodore, and secure their inter-
position and kind offices, though they did not avow
this. Some notice of the Chinese military, as they
appeared on this occasion, may not be out of place.
The troops through which the cavalcade passed
seemed to be of two kinds. Those on the right of
their line, which rested on the hall of conference,
were dressed in a uniform which, from its uni-
formity in wear and tear, seemed to have but recently
come into use, consisting of a short blue cotton
blouse, with lappels and cuffs of red, while a sort
of medallion in Chinese characters was worked in
white on the breast. Most of them were armed
with spears, the staff unpainted, and apparently
new. The heads were of iron, and quite rusty.
The men were far from uniform in size, withsmooth
faces, indicative of occupation within doors rather
than out, and having the appearance of a militia
hastily collected from the neighbouring villages
and towns. The rest, comprising two-thirds of the
whole force, not exceeding 500 in number,
were uncommonly stout, sunburnt, and hardy-
looking fellows. They were stern and steady in de-
meanour, having the air of regular troops, though
without pretensions to European drill. Four-fifths
were armed with matchlock muskets and swords,
and the remainder with bows. The archers seemed
to have been selected for stature and strength.
They were not in uniform, except that nearly 4111
wore black leather boots, reaching up to the
lower part of the calf of the leg. They also wore
caps with broad black brims, which were turned up
all round, so as to rise above and conceal the top of
the cap, a circumstance which led some of the
English soldiers, who got close up to the forts when
the attempt was made to stcrm them, to think that
they wore their black hair plaited, and standing
straight up from their heads. Perhaps these troops
' were Mongol Tartars. The conference, which lasted
about two hours, ended with:the:usual ceremony of

chin-Chinning, or leave taking, when the Minister,
Commodore, and their attendants, crowded and
squeezed again into their moving dens, and the
cavalcade returned to the jetty and junks with all
the ceremonies already described. In passing down
the river to rejoin the Toeywan the party was
saluted by a body of cavalry drawn up on the left
bank opposite the Toeywan. They were mounted
on small horses, but were too distant for close in-
spection and intelligent comment."—New York

T.HE REV. THOMAS DALE AND TEE
PARISH OF ST. .PANC.RAS.
•
The Rev. Thomas Dale having announced his in-
tention of resigning the office of vicar of St. Pan-
cras, an address from the clergy of the parish has
been addressed to him. On receiving the address,
the Rev. T. Dale made the following reply :
" Reverend and dear Brethren,—lt is with the
utmost gratification that I receive this assurance of
your regard and esteem, proceeding as it does from
so many of those with whom I have been associated
in the pastoral charge of the vast parish of St.
Pancras, and without whose co-operation I could
never have accomplished the objects of which you
have been pleased to speak in terms of such high
and unmerited commendation. I accept, also,
giro unfeigned and lively gratitude the united
expression of your wish that I should continue
to reside among you as vicar of St. Pancras
under altered circumstances, and no longer encum-
bered and oppressed by those parochial responsibi-
lities which have hitherto, under the provisions of
the local acts, constituted an integral and insepa-
rable portion of the office. I would it were possible
for me thus to act. Not a few are there among the
brethren of the clergy, as there are many among the
members of my congregation, to whom I could fitly
address the words of the Apostle Paul, Ye are in
our hearts to die and live with you.' But with
the request so kindly intended, and so cordially
expressed, it is now altogether out of my power to
comply—first,- because the arrangements connected
with my proposed retirement have advanced too far
to admit of honourable retraction ; and secondly,
but chiefly, because by adhering to my original in-
tention of relinquishing for the future all personal
interest in St. Pancras, I may hope to carry out
more effectually that great principle of parochial
sub-division which I publicly avowed at the com-
mencement of my incumbency, which I have kept
steadily in view throughout the 13 years of its con-
tinuance, and for which I have cheerfully sacrificed
a large portion of my income and a still larger
measure of my peace. I need hardly remind you,
my dear brethren, that the ecclesiastical anomalies
of St. Pancras, with which many of you are so
painfully conversant, arise chiefly from imperfect
and ill-considered legislation. The local acts by
which the ecclesiastical affairs of the parish have
been administered for the last 30 years were pur-
posely so constructed as to concentrate all spiritual
responsibilities on the person'of a single incumbent,
and to place all the other parochial clergy in the
relation to him of subordinates or stipendiaries. It
has been affirmed by a high legal authority, that,
`the state of the law under those acts formed an in-
superable obstacle to the providing properly for the
cure of souls.' Much has indeed been done at
various times by the introduction of clauses into the
several Church Building Acts,-and more especially
by the 19 and 20 Vic., c. 104, commonly called the
Now Parishes Act, to mitigate the pressure of the
local acts, but no authority except that which
legalised the evil can avail to provide the only
adequate and effectual remedy. It is therefore the
opinion both of our diocesan and of the friend who
is most deebly interested in the question, that appli-
cation should be made to the Legislature in order
to .a fair and equitable settlement, and that
it might possibly be expedient to defer the
legal avoidance of the living until a bill for
that purpose can be carried through the House of
Lords. The bishop has expressed himself willing
to undertake the charge of such a bill, if he can be
satisfied that in so doing he represents the opinions
and the principles of the great body of churchmen
in the parish. It ought certainly to be made known
(and in no way can this be more effectually done
by the introduction of such a bill into Parliament)
that while the existing acts continue in force, future
vicars of St. Pancras will, like myself, derive no
emolument whatever from the surplus pew-rents of
'the parish church, amounting after the payment of
all expenses to £6OO per annum, while yet a large
portion of the fees and offerings which now con-
stitute almost the sole emolument of the living will
pass, as in all fairness they ought, to the incumbent
of the new parishes. I will not, however, on an
occasion such as this, enter further into the details
of this complicated but most important question. I
will only add, in reference to it, that my present
purpose is to cease from performing the duties of
the parish church from and after January 1, 1860,
and that the formal and final resignation of the
incumbency of St. Pancras will follow as soon after
that date as the bishop shall think fitting to receive
it.' On one account, my dear I rethren, I may well
claim your sympathy. Many of you will readily
judge from your own feelings what mine must be
on the severance of the tie that binds me to the
congregation of the parish church. From that
congregation, needing nothing for itself, I have
received larger contributions to the great cause of
church extension than from the entire residue of
the whole parish of St. Pancras, while my personal
intercourse with its members has ever been marked
with a degree of regard and affection on their part,
of which I now feel myself utterly undeserving,
more especially when I consider how often, from a
mistaken sense of duty, I have sacrificed the inte-
rests of the congregation to what I then accounted
the interests of the parish, occupying in parochial
controversies and unprofitable discussions hours
which might have been far better einploped in pas-
toral visitation and kindly social intercourse.
Gladly, if it were possible, would I continue with
my own beloved flock, it only to repair this error ;
but it must not be. The interest of the church de-
mand from me this last sacrifice ; thointerest of the
parish—at least of the poor—demand it ; the just
claims of the clergy to complete parochial indepen-
dence demand it ; and, cost me what it may, it
shall be made. But great as the sacrifice is, it will
be abundantly repaid if, leaving in 1860 twenty
parishes, complete or prospective, where in 1846 I
found but one, I shall hear that you, my dear
brethren, having become each the centre of his own
parochial charge, shall be as happy in your flocks
as I have been in mine •, and still more, if you, by
united action, shall effect what I, single-handed,
have vainly striven to accomplish, the concentration
of the energies of this vast parish in the further-
ance of the kingdom of Christ.
" Entreating an interest in your prayers, and as-
suring you of remembrance in my own, lam ever,
reverend and dear brethren, your faithful and affec-
tionate friend and brother,
(Signed)

"THOMAS DALE."

THE LATE MR. ROBERT STEPHENSON,

A public meeting of the leading inhabitants of
Newcastle-upon-Tyne and the neighbouring coun-
ties of Durham and Northumberland, was held on
Saturday afternoon to take into consideration the
best mode of testifying their respect for the memory
of the late Mr. R. Stephenson. The meeting first
assembled in the Council Chamber, but it being too
small, the assembly adjourned to the new Town-
hall. The chair was occupied by Lord Ravensworth,
and among the gentlemen present were the Mayor
of Newcastle and a number of the aldermen and
chairman of the coal trade • Mr. Nicholas Wood, of
council ; Mr. G. Ridley, M.P., Mr. Taylor, the
Hetton ; Mr. M. Bell, M. I. L. Bell, Mr. T. E. Har-
rison, C.E., Mr. Bourne, C.E., the Hon. H. G. Lid-
dell, M.P., Mr. John Clayton, the Mayor of Tyne-
mouth, Dr. Bruce, Mr. Joseph Cowen, chairman of
the Tyne Commissioners, Dr. Greenhow, Mr. Haw
thorn, Mr. Kell, and Mr. Haswell—nearly all of
whom were personal friends of the deceased engi-
neer. A considerable number of respectable work-
ing men employed at Messrs. R. Stephenson and
Co.'s engine factory were in the body of the hall.
Letters were read from the Duke of Northumber-
land, Mr. Ingham, M.P., and Mr. Hugh Taylor,
M.P., regretting their inability to attend, but cor-
dially approving of the objects of the meeting. The
noble chairman opened the proceedings by passing
in review the leading circumstances in the life of
the great engineer, and in the life of his eminent
father, George Stephenson. Mr. George Ridley
moved a resolution to the effect that the best mode
of testifying respect to the memory of the late Mr.
Robert Stephenson would be to erect a monument
to him in Newcastle. The resolution was seconded
by the Hon. H. G. Liddell, M.P., and was carried
unanimously. It was also agreed that such monu-
ment should partly consist of a statue of the late
Mr. Robert Stephenson, and, that in addition to
the monument, a portion of the funds subscribed
should be devoted to educational purposes. A com-
mittee was appointed to carry the resolutions into
effect.

THE CASE OF DR. SMETHURST.

A very great deal of interest appears to prevail
in the public mind with reference to 'what is
likely to be the ultimate fate of this prisoner, and
the sentence that is likely to be passed in th 3
event of his being convicted of the offence of bigamy,
for which he stands committed to take his trial,
at the ensuing session of the Central Criminal Court.
It may be as well to state that the punishment for
this offence has been very much changed by recent
!therations that have been made in the law ; but it
is looked upon as an offence of such a peculiar class,
and one which varies so greatly in its circumstances,
that a very large discretion is vested in the Court
before which a prisoner may be tried as to the
punishment. Before the abolition of the punish-
ment of transportation, a prisoner convicted of
bigamy was liable to be transported for seven years,
or to be imprisoned, with or without hard labour,
at the discretion of the Court for " any period" not
exceeding two years. When the punishment of
transportation was abolished, the statute substituted
the maximum period of four years' penal servitude
in lieu of the extreme sentence of transportation,
and continued the same power as to imprisonment.
But this was again altered by a statute passed in
the 20th and 21st of the reign of her present Ma-
, jesty, which gives the Court power to order a pia-
Boner convicted of the offence of bigamy to be kept
in penal servitude for any period not exceeding
seven nor less than three years, or imprisonment not
exceeding two years, and either with or without
hard labour, as the Court shall think fit. It is
scarcely necessary to inform the public that the
first wife can be no party, at least so far as giving
evidence, to the prosecution, the law not permitting
a wife to give evidence either in favour or against
her husband except in cases of personal injury, and
it is obvious that the person really injured by the
act, is the second wife, or rather the woman with
whom the illegal marriage is performed, and in all
such cases the punishment awarded to the prisoner
depends a great deal whether any deception or
fraud has been practised upon the second wife, and
where there is no evidence of this the sentence gene-
rally passed rarely exceeds four, or, at the most, six
months' imprisonment. In such a case as that of
Dr. Smethurst therefore, where the first marriage
took place 30 years before, and with a woman nearly
as many years older than himself, and where the se-
cond wife was perfectly aware that he was a
married man at the time she went through the cere-
mony,or, at all events, might very easily have made
inquiries and satisfied herself upon the subject if
she had been minded to do so, and when there did
not appear to be any suspicion of Jraud or misrepre-
sentation, according to the usual practice of the
Court a very light sentence would have been in-
flicted, probably not more than three months' im-
prisonment. The prisoner has now been more than
six months in prison, which is certainly a heavier
punishment than would have been passed upon him
if he had been originally tried and eonvicted for
bigamy; and it is difficult to, understand what
course can be taken by the Court under the peculiar
circumstances of the case, in case of a conviction.
The prisoner himself complains very much of the
course that has been taken in keeping him so long
in suspense, and also that, having been declared in-
nocent of the crime of wilful murder, lie should
now be prosecuted for the minor offence of bigamy.
He is still, of course, in custody, but it is understood
that an application will shortly be made to one of
the learned judges to admit him to bail, and it is
very probable that the application will be granted,
it being quite a usual course for pai ties charged
with this description of offence to be admitted to
bail, especially where there are no circumstances of
aggravation. If the prisoner should, by a failure of
evidence or any technicality, obtain an acquitthl, it
is not at all unlikely that he will make a claim upon
the Govbrnment for compensation for the pain and
suffering he has undergone, but it is not probable
that such a claim will be attended with any success.
Mr. Sleigh has been retained to conduct the defence,
but it is expected that a learned counsel will be spe-
cially retained to lead him on behalf of the prisoner.

THE RELIGIOUS DISSENSIONS IN ST.
GEORGE' S-IX- THE-EAST.

Yesterday there was a renewal of the riots in the
parish church of St. George's-in-the-East, and one
gentleman is at present in custody of the police,
having been charged for an offence against the 2d
of William and Mary, for wilfully disturbing the
congregation. He would be called upon to answer
the charge at the Thames Police-court this morning.
At the 11 o'clock service yesterday morning the
congregation was larger than on any previous occa-
sion. From an early hour cabs brought down visitors
from the west end of London, and it was plainly ap-
parent that not a tenth part of those who attended
were parishioners. Just as the organ commenced the
" Voluntary," and while the priests and choristers
were entering in procession, a well-dresses person
near the altar declaimed in a very excited state,
" I demand those seats for the choristers, in the
name of the Secretary of State, and I appeal to the
churchwardens to clear them." It may be men-
tioned that the choristers' seats were at this time
occupied by persons who had been passed privately
into the church before the doors were thrown open,
and that they were reserving them for the choris-
ters. Mr. Churchwarden Thompson, hearing the
disturbance, immediately repaired to the place from
which the noise proceeded, and the gentleman it
question addressed him in a loud and imperious
tone of voice, saying, " Mr. Churchwarden, in the
name of the Secretary of State, I demand that you
clear those seats." He exhibited great violence of
manner, which the police failed to moderate. Find-
ing all remonstrance useless, Mr. Churchwarden
Thomson gave the offending gentleman into the
custody of Police-constable 72 K, who conducted
him to the station-house in King David-lane. He
there gave his name as Mr. William Cornwallis,
and his residence at Calais. He declined to dis-
close the nature of his profession or occupation.
He sent, however, for bail to a gallant colonel re-
siding in Westbourne-terrace, Paddington, but at
the close of the evening service he had not been
liberated front durance vile. He stands charged
with " willingly and of purpose disquieting and
disturbing the congregation assembled in the parish
church of St. George's-in-the-East during the morn-
ing service." From the excited manner of the ac-
cused, it was feared that he was labouring under
some mental aberration, and this was also the
pression at the police-station where he was charged.
It appears that the rector's party, availing them-
selves of an early entrance into the church, had
filled the choristers' seats with friends of tlaeir own,•
most of whom were strangers in the parish, and
thus those who intended to exclude the choristers,
as they did on the pievioas Sunday, were defeated
in their intentions. The body of persons thus
introduced joined in the choral service with
great spirit, and instead of the choir being over-
whelmed, as had been the case on previous Sun-
days, they had for this occasion much the best of
it, and the malcontents were unable to offer any
formidable opposition. Taking the morning ser-
vice as a whole, it was much more orderly than it
has been for many weeks past. There was an im-
posing array of police, ten or a dozen being located
in Cannon-street, seven or eight on the steps of the
church, while a large number were scattered in all
parts of the sacred edifice. Their presence had the
effect of exasperating rather that of intimidating
the people, and for all practical purposes it is evi-
dent that they would be far more effective if they
were stationed in some adjacent place, from which
they might be called in the event of their services
being required. This, however, is a matter which
rests neither with the superintendent of police nor
with the Chamberlain, but with the Home Secre-
tary.
The Rev. A. H. Machonochie was the officiating
minister, and there were but few signs of disappro-
bation until he stood at the altar with his back to
the congregation. This elicited some hissing aid
continuous coughing. On ascending the pulpit he
did not turn to the altar in the invocation of the
Trinity, and thus escaped the hissing and yelling
which have hitherto been the accompaniments of
this part of the ceremony. He selected for his text
the 16th verse of the 33d chapter of the Book Of
the Prophet Jeremiah. "This is the name where-
with he shall be called the Lord our righteousness."
The congregation listened to the preliminary por-
tions of the sermon with much apparent interest,
but soon there was walking up and down, slamming
of pew doors, and' lounging over pews, giving the
place a theatrical rather than an ecclesiastical aspect.
The churchwardens, chief constable (Mr. Herbert),
and the beadle moved about, particularly near the
altar, where, if anywhere, violence was appre-
hended. The sermon was a plain, practical dis-
course, containing nothing which was calculated
to provoke any outbreak of feeling. At its close
Mr. Machonochie turned his back upon the
people while he said the concluding prayer, which
gave rise to much hissing and confusion. The
offertory was a complete mockery. Not more than
a score of persons contributed. When the bags
were presented to them most of the people shook
their heads, while others smiled and seemed to view

SPAT

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ER

tc1;),

a
it as a joke particularly a large n W-Tyo-
- gents" in peg-tops who were cons "thibirti.
sent. In the afternoon at the rector's seWice e S
Litany) the mob prevented the priests and choris.
ters from taking their accustomed places before the
altar, and the service was performed from the
choristers' seats with the usual amount of confu-
sion. Long before half-past six o'clock, the time
- appointed for opening the deors for the evening
service, there was an immense concourse of persona
in Cannon-street, and the rush for admission was
terrific. Women and children shrieked,' men were
knoeked down, and, had it not been for the praise,;
worthy exertions of the police, serious results might
have followed. In a few minutes the spacious
church was densely packed, and standing-room was
scarcely to be brad. When the priests and choristers
entered, and the service commenced, it was clear
that measures had been taken to drown the voices
of the dissentients. This was a perfect success,
There were three priests, and an increase in the
number of surpliced choristers, while gentlemen',
evidently well practised in the choral service, were
stationed in various parts of the church. The
prayers were said, with little interruption, by the
Rev. C. F. Lowder, M.A., but when he gave out
hymns the people hissed and coughed. The sermon
was preached, by the Rev. Edward Stuart,
incumbent of St. Mary Magdalene, Munster-street,
Regent's Park, from the words of the Epistle of
St. John, " God is love." In spite of a somewhat
unattractive style of oratory, the rev. gentleman
managed to get through his sermon without much
interruption. Indeed, it was only on turning his
back upon the congregation at the final prayer that
he was hissed at all.
At the close of this service, the last of the day.,
hundreds of persons assembled in Cannon-street,
and discussed the ecclesiastical stata of the parish,
but the clergy and choristers managed to get away
without being insulted.
It was announced some time since that the third
annual commemoration of the foundation of the
mission chapel in Calvert-street would be celebrated
on Thursday next, the 24th instant, and that the
Dean of Westminster would preach. At the ear-
nest request of the Bishop of London that service
will be dispensed with.

SUPPRESSION OF THE SUNPAY FAIR

-AT SOMERS-TOWN.

Yesterday the authorities of St. Pancras, aided
by a powerful body of police, took the initiative
with a view to the abolition of one of the most dis-
graceful blots that ever existed in the metropolis,
known as the Somers-town Sunday Market, or more
properly speaking, Sunday Fair. The flagrant and
open Sunday trading in this district has for years
been felt as a thorough disgrace to the parish. But
all the efforts of the clergy, with the Rev. Thomas
Dale, the vicar, at their head, those of the local
authorities, or the police have been unavailing;
hitherto, to effect a remedy, and the suppression of
the Sunday traffic in Petticoat-lane and Rag Fair
tended to augment the evil by transferring th6Jew
vendors of herbs, lollypops, jewellery, sweetmeats,
cigars, and even quack medicines, as well as White-
chapel birdcatchers, to this locality. The neig hbo ur-
hood comprised in the market extended from the
Great Northern Railway terminus on the east to
Chalton-street, Euston-road, on the west, a distance
of nearly half a mile, and included the following
thoroughfares, viz., Weston-street, Skinner•street,
Brewer-street, the large space fronting the Brill,
Brill-row, Chapel-street, and the various streets
abutting thereon. No respect whatever was paid to
the hours of Divine service. Not only do the mass
of the shopkeepers to their utter disgrace, continue
to vend their wares during those hours, but there
were to be seen stalls for shooting at targets for
nuts, machines for trying the strength, testing the
power of the lungs, itinerant vendors of live fowls,
guinea pigs, cheap jacks, medical practitioners
(who exhibited diagrams of the lungs and in-
testines, tapeworms, warts, and corns which
their nostrums had cured and extracted), a
dentist who either drew or stopped decayed teeth
in the public thoroughfare, a Polish Jew who sold
Turkish rhubarb made of dahlia bulbs coloured
with saffron, cheap crockery salesmen, stinking fish-
mlngers, costcrmongers, and even unlicensed dealers
in game, and showmen. After repeated represen-
tations to the police authorities and even the
Government, the local authorities, acting on legal
advice and with the promised aid of the police, de-
termined on seeing if they could not put a stop to
those disgraceful and disgusting proceedings, and as
a preliminary step the following notice had been
posted and distributed throughout the locality for
some weeks

" St. Pancras, Middlesex.—Notice is hereby
given, that on and after Sunday, the 20th day of
November next, all barrows, trucks, and stalls found
in the streets and other public ways of Somers-
town, will be seized, and all other obstructions to
the carriage-ways and foot-Ways will be removed,
and all penalties authorised by law will be enforced.
By order of the vestry. War. BOOTH SCOTT, chief
surveyor.—Department of 'Works, Oct. 27."
In accordance with this notice, and with a deter-
mination to enforce the orders of vestry, nearly
sixty of the parochial officers, all sworn constables,
together with a large body of the S division of
police, under the orders of Inspectors Stokes and
Fraser, and also a detachment of the reserve force
of the A division, took possession of the ground
shortly before seven o'clock yesterday morning.
The arrangements, carried out under the direction
of Mr. Scott, the chief surveyor, aided by the police,
were of the most excellent and praiseworthy, as
well as effective character. The local constables
were stationed at the entrance of every avenue, and
as the costermongerr arrived with their barrows or
stalls, they were each served with a copy of the
printed notice, and called upon to read it, and when
they were unable to do so, it was read over to them,
and they were warned that the moment they
pitched their stall or barrow it would be seized
and conveyed to the station-house. This plan of
taking the enemy in detail had the effect of pre-
venting any settling down or disturbance, as would
no doubt have been the case had the police
and authorities allowed the various vendors to have
taken up their positions in the first instance. Other
bodies of officers passed through the line of the
market and warned the various shopkeepers that no
articles would be permitted to be exhibited on shop
boards projecting over the pavement.
As the morning advanced the locality was visited
by thousands of persons, chiefly of the lower orders,
and it is believed more out of curiosity than any-
thing else ; a general belief prevailing that the pro-
ceeding would lead to resistance on the part of the
costermongers and others who had previously en-
joyed that which they considered a privilege to
desecrate the Sabbath. In this, however, they were
disappointed.
Bodies of police and the local officers patrolled
from end to and, and the vendors of kippered her-
rings, skinned rabbits, stationers, linendrapers, and
hosiers, and even the Turkey rhubarb vendor and
the quack doctors were kept in constant motion,
and showmen began speedily to find " Othello's
occupation gone."
The local costermongers and stall-keepers, to their
credit, at once bowed to the exercise of the authority
of the law; not so many of the shopkeepers, and it
is gratifying to find that the authorities are deter-
mined to deal with them as they deserve.
A beer-shop keeper at the corner of Mithileser-
street, who combines with that trade a rag and
crockery shop, insisted in covering the pavement in
front of his premises with his wares ; whilst in other
cases shopkeepers let their doors and passages to
Jew vendors of "jewellery," and bird fanciers.
The names of several of the principal eiders and
abettors in setting the law at defiance were taken
down, and its violators are to be summoned at once
before the magistrate at Clerkenwell Police-court,
who, it is hoped, will mete out to them their full
meed of punishment.
Even on this the first day of the experiment of
removing the stalls, it was admitted by the shop-
keepers that their takings had fallen off nearly 60
per cent. . The local authorities and the police have
therefore only to persevere for a few weeks, and on
every occasion that a stall appears, or a tradesman
encroaches on the public thoroughfare, to seize his
goods =lithe Sunday trade will soon so diminish
as to not make it worth while to keep open the
shops, and this great scandal to the district will be
effectually removed.
So effectively were the proceedings carried out,
that notwithstanding the thousands of people as-
sembled, there was no instance of a person being
taken into custody.

RECTORSHIP OF EDINBURGH UNIVERSITY.—The
following letter has been received from Mr. Gladstone, in
reply to the telegram announcing his election to the office
of Rector of Edinburgh University :—" Deanery, Windsor,
Nov. 14.—Sir,—I had the honour to receive on Saturday
your telegram which announced the result of the election
for the Rectorship of the University of Edinburgh. Permit
me to express to you my strong sense of the honour which
the students of the University have conferred upon me in
this exercise of the power which Parliament has placed in
their hands. I could have wished that they had selected a
man less absorbed by the number and weight of the claims
upon his time, and 1 am also sensible of the disadvantages
under which I lie from the want of experimental acquaint-
ance with the Universities of Scotland, but I am conscious
of an honest desire to serve them, and I do not think it will
be found that my connexion with and my love fcsoxford
inspire me with any eager or indiscriminate solicitude to
press her as a model upon other institutions differing more
or less in circumstances :and objects. At the same time,
they make me desirous to see other universities flourish in
every kind of honourable exertion, for this, even if it were
for no other reason, that there is among us unwrought ma-
' terial amply suffic!.ent to supply them all, and the efforts
and success of each one will act as a powerful incentive and
a real assistance to every other.—l have the honour to be,
sir, your very faithful servant, W. E, OLADsTosz,”

The critical situation of the Austrian empire is
sufficiently well indicated through the eagerness
evinced by the Cabinet of Vienna to grant conces-
sions to the Hungarians. It is intimated, more-
over, in the midst all this hubbub about an Italian
Confederation that—among the possibilities of the
hour—there (in the last surviving remnants of the
fair Italian provinces subject so long and so disas-
trously to the House of Hapsburg) there, even in
Venetia, Austria is prepared to inaugurate at last a
purely constitutional form of Government. Never
was that old schoolboy morsel of classic latinity
more frightfully appropriate— Tinzeo Danaos et
cetera ! So frightfully appropriate, indeed, that
we might almost be tempted to give it in its thread-
bare completeness, but that the words have been
long since—ages ago—repeated in " damnable ite-
ration," reiterated here, there, and everywhere,
usque ad nauseam. It must be allowed, however,
that of this peculiar thought, the policy now being
pursued or rather promised (for it is as yet only, in
truth--a policy projected) is distressingly sugges-
tive. Well may every Venetian, every Croat, every
Hungarian, exclaim Timeo Danaos ! For never
has a Prince of the House of Hapsburg pledged
himself in this way to his unhappy subjects but his
evil promises have led eventually and inevitably to
a deliberate perjury. Divine lips have said, "Do you
gather grapes from thorns or figs from thistles ?"
We quote the holy words with all imaginable
reverence ; but, in doing so, we venture to ask if the
Viennese Councils do not admit of their application
to the fruits again and again expected, and the
fruits again and again dropped or gathered, from
the Upas of the Austrian Government ? Constitu-
tional reforms, political concessions, acts of imperial
liberality squandered by the ruler of the great
Austrian empire upon Italians, upon Croatians,
upon Hungarians ? The performance in the mere
mention of it is about as preposterous as that pro-
mised by BILLY BOTTOM—namely, to " roar like any
Sucking dove !" Scarcely has the programme of
imperial benefactions in store been perused to the
end,in any single instance,but what the idistcy of any
serious belief in it has been pointed by the bayonet
carved by the thong, and thundered by the artil-
lery of the Kaiser. • The history of that cruel
• despotism is the epitome of all human wickedness
in government. The whole fabric of the Austrian
Empire is built out of robbery and spoliation under
the diplomatic phrase of absorption, in realisation
of the fine sounding ambition of a power bent (as
the familiar words run) upon territorial aggrandise-
ment. ItuDoLPH of Hapshurgh rightly regarded
has proved in this way to be simply the heroic pro-
genitor of a race of crowned buccaneers, or, as the
Americans term the successors of the old buccaneers,
filibusters. It has been now a province, now a
kingdom, now a principality that has been in (we
admit it) most vulgar but (we insist upon its being
. 0

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THE SUN.
LONDON, MONDAY, NOV. 21, 1859.