The Sun.
London, England, 1861-09-24 00:00:00

SPAIN.

The Madrid journals of the 19th have arrived.
The Constitutional states that the Emperor of the
French, in order to put an end to the conflict which
has arisen between the Cabinets of Madrid and
Turin about the diplomatic and consular archives of
the ex-kingdom of Naples, has suggested that
they shall be placed in the care of the French
ambassador and the French consuls. The Cot.-
respondancia says that a number of soldiers
have requested permission to be allowed to go to
Cuba. It states also that though troops are about
to be sent to that island, they are not intended to
increase the garrison, but only to replace others
that are coming away—the force in Cuba being so
great that as many as 8,000 men can be detached
from it without inconvenience. The difficulties
which arose between Spain and the Holy See, re-
lative to the property of the clergy, appear to have
been removed. A despatch from Madrid states
that the Pope's Nuncio in that city had received
a brief from his Holiness which authorises the
prelates to exchange the ecclesiastical pro-
perty for Government stock which cannot be
transferred. The envoy sent by the Emperor of
Morocco to the Spanish Government disembarked
a few days back at Valencia. The heat at Madrid
is declining, the thermometer in the shade marking
26 6-10 deg. Centigrade (80 Fah.)

GARIBALDI AND THE UNITED STATES.

A Turin letter of September 18, in the Opinion
Nationale, says :
It is high time to know something definite about
the negotiations between Garibaldi and the United
States, I know not why, but the greatest mystery
hangs over this affair. The journals here have
scarcely spoken of it. Garibaldi and the United
States Minister both maintain the profoundest
silence on the subject. I have inquired of almost
all Garibaldi's generals, and found that they know
no more than I did. At length, however, with
much ado, I have obtained the following informa-
tion.

You know that Garibaldi lived for many years in
New York, where he was much beloved. He has a
great affection for the country, and his independent
character sympathised with the individual liberty
which he found prevailing in it. When the war
between the North and South broke out, all his
sympathies were in favour of the union ; he wrote
as much to his friends in America, and they in
reply entreated him to help them. About two
months ago several rich Americans offered to find
him a very large capital if he would raise a corps
franc for America, and take the command of it.
Private individuals could do no more. But such a
position, which might have suited Garibaldi well
enough in 1848, was beneath the dignity of the
hero of Marsala and Palermo. While the North
Americans were thus paying court to Garibaldi,
those of the South also made attempts to gain
him to their cause. A deputation from the South
represented to him that the merits of the quarrel
between the two great branches of the great west-
ern republic required very close examination, and
that the question of slavery put by the North was,
in reality, of less importance than the free trade
platform upon which the South took its stand.
These arguments are said to have made some
impression upon Garibaldi. After the defeat of
the Federal army, the Government of the United
States began to think seriously of making
to Garibaldi such a proposal as he could
accept. Mr. Marsh, the United States Mi-
nister at Turin, was manifestly not an eligible
negotiator in a matter so deeply involving the
interests of Italy, and therefore the American
Minister at Brussels, who, it is said had been a
friend of Garibaldi in America, was thought of. He
was charged to sound Garibaldi. It is well known
that Garibaldi is dying of ennui at Caprera. Read
the life of this extraordinary man : You find him
in New York, California, Peru, Buenos Ayres,
China, and at the last Italian revolution of 1859,
found him a captain of a merchantman. His power-
ful organisation consumes by inaction. For the last
month he has been confined to his bed by rheumatic
pains which it is known by experience would dis-
appear under the excitement of active life. The
United States envoy, therefore, found Garibaldi
anxious for a change of life. As to the conditions
submitted to him, I can only speak with all reserve.
It seems, however, beyond doubt that he was offered
the command-in-chief of the United States army ;
but it is also said that he was to take no important
step without the Sanction of a council of war nomi-
nated by the Washington Government. His staff
was to be composed mainly of his own choice, but
in no case was he to be allowed to put Italian gene-
rals into principle commands, The rewards' to his
officers were to consist of nominal rank, or in cases
of pre-eminent service, territorial allotments.
Garibaldi, whose habit is to take counsel of himself
alone in difficult cases, did not like the idea of being
followed by an itinerant council of war, to which
he would be bound to defer, and he moreover in-
sisted upon a condition to which the American
Minister was not prepared to accede to, namely, that
he should be permitted to return to Italy at any
moment when its presence might be necessary. On
the whole, an unknown theatre of war, foreign
generals, a doubtful cause, Italy separated from him
by the Atlantic, and his best and dearest officers
ringing in his ears the word " Rome" and " Venice,"
made Garibaldi hesitate. The United States envoy
returned from Caprera to Genoa without having
concluded anything. Many, however, pretend that
the matter is still open. Let us hope the con-
trary.

DEATH OF SIR G. DASHWOOD.—We regret to
announce the death of Sir George Dashwood, which took
place at his seat Kirtlington. park, Oxfordshire, on the
22d inst., in his 75th year The deceased baronet was born
at Kirtlington-park in 1786; married in 1815 the eldest
daughter of Sir W. Rowley, and succeeded his father in
1828. The first baronet was the son of Alderman Dash-
wood, of London, who joined in farming the revenues of
Ireland, in the reign of Charles 11.
IRISH EMIGRATION.--A proof of the dispropor-

tionate emigration from Ireland may be seen in the list of
emigrants sent to Australia by the Emigration Commis.
sioners during the last three years. The rule which they
have been desired to keep in view the emigration carried on
at the expense of colonial funds is to draw the emigrants
from each of the three great divisions of the United King.
dour, as far as practicable, in the ratio of their respective
populations. If they had been able to do so the numbers
sent out would have been—English, 20,362 ; Scotch, 3,255;
Irish, 7,381. But the numbers sent, in fact, have been_...
English, 13,581; Scotch, 4,616; Irish, 12,804. The reason
of this has been the difficulty sometimes of obtaining a suf.
ficient number of English, especially single women, and
the great number of Irish nominated by their friends in the
colonies for passages under certain colonial regu'ations
termed "remittance regulations." In the present year, up
to the end of August, the numbers sent have been—Eng-
lish, 769 ; Scotch, 531 ; Irish, 923 ; whereas the number of
Irish should have been only 443, if calculated on the censusi
of 181, and waly 531 if on the cows of JB5l,