The Sun.
London, England, 1859-07-01 00:00:00

THE WAR IN ITALY.

The following telegrams have been received at
Mr. Reuter's office :

TURIN, JULY 1.
The Sardinian army has invested Peschiera from
he Lago di Garda to the Mincio.

BERNE, JUNE 30.

The Federal Council, in concert with the belli-
gerent Powers, has decided that any corps d'armee
or soldiers taking refuge on Swiss territory should
be sent back to the side to which they may belong,
the different Governments undertaking not to em-
ploy them again in the present war. Arms and
ammunition are to be given up at tb e end of the
war, and the cost of keeping them to be repaid
to the Swiss Government. In consequence of this
convention the garrison of Laveno and the soldiers
of General Garibaldi's corps d'armee will be returned.
The steamers on the Lago Maggiore, which had
been captured, are to be given up for mercantile
service, upon condition that they are not to
be used again for the war. The Austrians
occupy the Stelvio pass on the side next the
Tyrol, with a force of 13 companies of infantry
and two companies of carbineers. The positions
they hold on the pass lie between Glurno and
Trafel, and a battery has been planted on a spot
which commands the Stelvio route. Barricades
have also been erected, and great fear is entertained
of a descent of Garibaldi's men. The last news
from the seat of war has been confirmed. Forty
Austrian medical officers dismissed from the Milan
hospitals have arrived at Lugano, and will be sent
be sent back to their country.

MARSEILLES, JUNE 30.
Advices have been received from Constanstinople
to the 22d inst.

The news of the battle of Magenta has produced
a lively impression. The Divan has simply
acquiesced in the Paris protocol concerning the
Principalities, and granted also the berats of inves-
titure.

TURIN, JUNE 30.

The Imperial head-quarters are at Volta. The
passage of the Mincio by our troops continues. The
Emperor visited the left bank of the river. The
position of Vallegion has been occupied by the
French. His Majesty has also had bridges thrown
across the Mincio to replace those destroyed by the
Austrians in their retreat.

BERNE, JUNE 30,

Messages from Turin confirm the intelligence
that General Garibaldi has received orders to
occupy the Upper Valteline. Garibaldi is expected
at Tirano with 3,000 men, where 500 Piedmontese
regular infantry have already arrived. Skirmishes
have taken place near Bormio between the franc
corps of the Valteline, and the Austrians who are
guarding the Stelvio pass.

The Moniteur says :—" Two detachmennts sent
from the depots of their regiments having arrived
at the army of Italy without the necessary effects
and utensils for encamping, the Minister of War
has punished with a fortnight's arrest the superior
officers who organised their departure, and he has
blamed the generals who did not duly see to the
execution of his repeated orders."
Several journals have stated that the Austrians
liad sunk at Venice a vessel of the line, three fri-
gates, and three of Lloyd's steamers at the entrance
of the Malamocco passage. This statement is but
partially true, as recent letters from that city assert
that only the Lloyd's steamers have been sunk, while
the war vessels, lightened of their guns, have been
towed further in, where they will be less exposed
to a fire from the enemy, but can be of no use in
case of an attack. Rear-Admiral Bouet-Willau-
mez, with his steam frigates and floating batteries,
arrived at Antivari on the 23d, on the Montenegro
coast, a few miles south of Cattaro, where it is
supposed he will await the arrival of Vice-Admiral
Romain Desfosses, before he advances farther into
the Adriatic.

The Paris correspondent of the Independance of
Brussels states that the new English Ministry has
addressed counsels of moderation to the German
States, cautioning them, in language alike serious
and firm, against the dangers of encouraging a
policy which might lend to a general war.
A letter has been lately published at Florence,
addressed to Lord Cowley by an Italian writer,
M. Matteucci, in which ho appeals to England
to throw the whole weight of her authority
into the European councils when the future consti-
tution of Italy shall be brought under consideration.
In the opinion of the writer the wishes of the
Italians and the interests of Europe would be best
satisfied by the formation of a great State, composed
of the whole of Northern and a great part of Central
Italy ; but he adds that the United Kingdom of
Italy must not do away with provincial individuali-
ties, which, in his opinion, it would be important
to respect.
A letter from Solferino of the 25th says :
" Solferino is a village like any other Lombard or
Piedmontese one, like Montebello, or Buffalora, for
Magenta, or Malegnano. In a military point of
view, however, it is something more than a lot of
houses placed in an agreeable plain covered with
trees and crops ; the enemy made of it an important
strategical position, and the corps of Marshal
Baragnay d'Hilliers was charged to attack it at
dawn of day. Before• five o'clock, the two divisions
of that corp rushed on the village, and on the little
hills which surround it ; and then commenced a
conflict so fierce that no one who figured in it could
give me an account of what took place. ' Mix up
blood, smoke, dust, the firing of muskets, the clatter-
ing of arms, the cries of soldiers, the beating of drums
—make a ragout of all that, and you have the taking
of Solferino !' said a soldier to me. After that
operation, which lasted two hours, the Ist corps,
instead of reposing, was ordered to take the direc-
tion of Pozzolengo, to carry all the positions on its
way, and to join the Sardinian army, which was
fighting against forces double its own. The
march was rapidly and brilliantly effected. All
the positions were carried, and the enemy was
dislodged without being able to make head for a
moment. Whilst the corps of Baraguay d'Hilliers
was thus executing the orders of the Emperor, to
whom belongs the honour of having directed the
attack extending over from four to five leagues,
the corps of Marshal de MacMahon was in the
plain to the right, in sight of San Cassiano. This
also is a village which was unknown yesterday,
and is now celebrated. The order to the 2d corps
was to extend to the right so as to unite with the
4th corps, that of Gen. Niel which was marching
with giant steps towards Medola. Whilst these
movements were being effected, the Guard—in-
fantry, artillery, and cavalry—entered in line.
There were two solutions of continuity in our
front, which it was necessary to fill up—one near
San Cassiano, between the Ist and 2d corps, the
other to the right of the 2d corps whilst waiting
for the arrival of the corps of General Niel. The
first void was filled up by all the infantry of the
Guard—grenadiers, light infantry, riflemen, and
Zouaves, supported by several batteries of artillery
of the Guard, of which the Emperor intended per-

sonally to direct the attack. The second void
was afterwards filled up by the light dragoons,
cuirassiers, and dragoons of the Guard, rein-
inforced by hussars and chasseurs d'Afrique, taken
from the two corps of Baraguay d'Hilliers and
MacMahon. These two operations displayed great
knowledge of the science of war. The enemy in
the end became of that opinion ; and ~when an
attack was commenced on the three points, Cassiano,
Cavriana, and Medola, the encounter was terrible.
After a while the enemy made a forward movement,
reckoning on the space between the 2d corps and
Niel's corps being unoccupied. But the void there
no longer existed. Not only had all the cavalry of
the Guard, together with two divisions of cavalry
taken from MacMachon and Baraguay d'Hilliers,
been collected there, but the corps of General Niel
had arrived. The promptitude with which this
corps entered on action excited the admiration of
all who saw it. General Niel handled his soldiers
as the most distinguished tactician would have done.
'We could almost believe we were manoeuvring
on the Champ de Mars !' said a soldier. The attack
which ensued was crowned with complete success."
A letter from Cavriana of the 27th says :—" The
Emperor has prolonged his stay at this place, pro-
bably in order to give the troops the repose of which
they stood in great need. The spirit of the army
is excellent ; as to the health of the Emperor it was
never better. On the day of the battle, Com-
mandant Verly of the Cent Gardes, who was at a
few paces behind the Emperor, received a ball on
his cuirass, which glanced off from him and struck
the cuirass of a captain who was near him. The
horse of Capt. Brady, orderly officer to his Majesty,
was wounded. In the great attack on the centre it
was General Maneque that led the first brigade of
Voltigeurs against the formidable entrenchments.
All the sides of the hill were covered by the fallen
French, but at length the field was theirs. A gray
mass of Austrians slowly then retreated under the
fire of the French artillery. Three times the
Austrian officers, anxious to show their devotedness
to the Emperor, halted their men and made an
attempt to retake the positions. Vain efforts !
They had been already occupied by the Ist and
2d regiments of the Voltigeurs of the Guard.
General Maneque has been named General of
Division. Towards the centre of the line of battle
in the direction from Castiglione to Solferino and
Volta, was Marshal MacMahon with the whole of
the 2d corps d'arnzee. All the Imperial Guard was
massed behind the 2d corps, and formed the
reserve ; it was so stationed as to be able to supl
port any corps, where it might be required. Some
extraordinary acts of daring are mentioned as
having taken place during the day. A captain of
the foot chasseurs, in turning a rising ground fell
suddenly on some Austrian artillery, and with his
company captured seven pieces of cannon. The
Emperor, it is said, during the whole day, had
nothing to eat but a small piece of chocolate. Even
water was a very scarce article, and Generals and
even Marshals were happy to get a mouthful of
water or wine from the canteen of the soldiers.
The valour of the Sardinian army has cost them
dear. Several superior offices have been killed,
among whom are mentioned General Mollard,
General Perrier, commanding the brigade of Savoy;
General Arnaldi, commanding the guards; Colonel
Beretta, of the regiment of Coni ; Colonel Pernot,
of that of Savoy; and Captain Pallavieini, of the
Bersaglieri. The division of General Fante has
covered itself with glory. When the loss of the
battle seemed confirmed, the Emperor of Austria,
followed by his escort, retired by the village of
Volta in the midst of the confusion caused by the
retreating movement of his army. It appears that
his escort had some trouble to force a passage."
The following is the text of the telegraphic de-
spatch, published by the Vienna Gazette, of which
a summary has been already given :
" VERONA, 25th.—The Austrian army passed the
Mincio on the night of the 23d, at four different
points. The right wing occupied Pozzolengo, Sol-
ferino, and Cavriana; the left wing advanced on
the 24th to Guidizzolo and Castelgaffredo, and
forced back on every point the enemy who opposed
it. Whilst the Austrian army was continuing its
forward movement towards the Chiesa, the enemy,
who had in their turn assumed the offensive with
all their forces, brought so considerable a number
of troops that at about ten in the morning the
two principal armies came into collision. The 2d
Austrian corps, forming the right wing under the
command of General Count Schlick, defended
vigorously until two o'clock the points occupied on
the principal line; and the Ist corps, commanded
by General Count Wimpffen, gained ground con-
tinually on the left, towards the Chiesa. About
three o'clock the French directed their principal
attack against Solferino, and after a combat of
several hours seized that position, although herio-
cally defended by the sth corps d'arinee.
" Immediately after the French advanced again
and attacked Cavriana, which was also valiantly
defended until evening by the first corps, sup-
ported by the 7th ; but eventually it was neces-
sary to abandon that point tor the French. Whilst
the engagements were going on for the possession
of Solferino and Cavriana, the Bth corps advanced
from Pozzolengo on the extremity of the right
wing and forced back the Piedmontese troops,
which it found before it; but that movement could
not contribute in a decisive manner to enable us to
regain the position which we had lost in the centre.
" On the left wing the 3d and 9th corps w ere
fighting firmly, supported by the 11th. The ca-
valry of reserve, collected on this wing, executed
several charges with great bravery, but exceed-
ingly heavy losses, and the circumstance that on
the left wing the Ist army, in consequence of an
enormous display of French troops, had been stopped
in its attack against the left wing of the allies,
who with the bulk of their forces were advancing
on the centre from the neighbourhood of Volta,
forced the Austrian army to retreat, which move-
ment commenced at an advanced hour of the even-
ing, in the midst of a tremendous storm. Yester-
day, during the night, Pozzolengo, Mozambano,
Volta, and Goito were still occupied by the Aus-
trian troops.

" General Urban, who, both in the Hungarian
campaign and in these latter times, distinguished
himself as a leader of flying corps, having been
appointed to the command of the fortress of
Verona, has already entered on his functions."