The Sun.
London, England, 1857-06-09 00:00:00

LONDON, UESDAY EVENING, JUNE 9, 1857.

OTTOMAN RAILWAY. FROM SMYRNA
TO AIMS.

NOTICE IS HEREBY GIVE'S'. That no Application for Shares
in this Company will be received after to-morrow, WEDNESDAY ,
the 10th inst. By Order of the Directors. •
J. L. ELKIN, Secretary.

Offices, ?,8, Cannon-street, June 3, 1857.

GREAT WESTERN RAILWA Y.-
c lIE AP EXCURSION to Bath and Bristol.—On SUN-DAY,
June 14th, a Train will leave Paddington at 7.45 a.m., returning
the same evening, from Bristol at 6.30, and Bath at 7 o'clock. Fares
—Bristol, lOs, and Gs. ; Bath, 9s. and ss. No luggage allowed.

GREAT WESTERN RAILWAY.
—Excursion lo Weymouth, Dorchester. Yeovil, Frome,
Trowbridge, and Chippenham.—On Saturday, June 13th, a Train
will leave Paddington at 2.30 p.m., returning on Tuesday, 16th,
from Weymouth at 10.30 a.m., and intermediate stations as per
hand bills.
Fares :—Chippenham, Trowbridge, or Westbur3-. Os awl 5s ;
Frome and Yeovil, 10s. and 6s ; Do:chester and Wc3-mouth, 12s.
and Bs.

11 BEAT WESTERN "RAILWAY.-
11, Yr Cheap Excursisns to Birmingham, Wolverhampton. Ches-
ter, Birkenhead, and Liverpool. on Saturdsy. June 13th, from Pad-
dington, returning from Liverpool on Wedn sday, the 17th ; and
from Paddington on the 17th, returning from Liverpool on Saturday,
the 20th. Time of stsrting from Paddington, 7.30 a.m.; ant from
Liverpool (Landing Stage) at 7.31 a.m. For time of starting from
intermediate Stations, sce hand bills. Fare':—Oxford, 6s. 6d. and
45.: Banbury, Bs. and 55.: Waroick and Leamington, 10s. Gd.
and Ga : nirrningham, 12s and 75.; West Bromwich, • ednesburY.
an 1 Bili.ton, 12s. 6d. ar.d 7s. 6d.; Wolverhampton, 13s. and Bs.:
Wellingt•n ard Shrewsbury, 17s. and 10s. ; Llangollen Road and
Chester, 18s. 6d. and lls. ; and Birkenhead and Liverpool, 21s. and
12s. Gd.

REAT WESTE.RN RAILW - AY.
-
et_ TfMEE WEEKS EXCETRWW'It.44 Birmingham, Wolver-
hampton, Shrewsbury, LlangiSilim Road, ("beide; Birkenhead, and
Sec—Trains will leave Paddington on SATURDAYS,
June 13t.4, 20th; and 27th, at 7.30 a.m., returning on the 20th and
27th June, and 4th July from Liverpool (Landing Stage) at 7.30
a.m., and intermediate Stations as per hand bills. Fares : —ox-
ford, Its and ss. 6d.; Leamington and Warwick, IRS. and Bs.;
2os. and 9s. 6d.1 West Bromwich. Wednesbury, and
1111ston. 218. 6d. and 105 ; Wolverhampton, 225. 6d. and 105. 64. ;
Wellington and Shrew,burr, 27,. 6d. and 134.; Llangollen Road
and Chester,:33s. and 155.; Birkenhead and Liverpool, 375. and 173
•

REAT WESTERN RAILWAY-ASCOT
1,17- RACES.—Oh TUESDAY and THURSDAY, June 9 and 11,
Special Trains will run between Paddington and Windsor. Omni-
buses at moderate and fixed fares, as well as a large number of Car-
riages of every de?cript,on, are provided to convey Passengers be-
tween the Windsor Station and the Race-course. In addition to the
hooking-offices at Paddington. tickets may be procured at the C,m-
pany's Offices, 27. King-street, Chcalvide ; 269, Stratd ; 351, Oxford -
street;
264, Holborn ; Peacock, Islington : 25, Regent-street, corner of
Jermyn-street ; and at Messrs. Tattersall's, Hyde Park-corner. Full
particulars of the Trains, &c . are given in handbills, which may b.
obtained at the Railway Stations, and at the above-named places.

BEAT WESTERN RAILWAY.-ASCOT
RACES.—CARREAGES. horses, Flys, Sre., will be provided
at the Great Western Station, Windsor, on the arrival of the trains
from Pad ngton, to convey passengers to the Course and back, the
charges for which will be as follows :
Carriage end single Horse. Carriage and Pair.
Tuesday, .Tune 9
WedneAsy, June 10
Thursday,. June 11 - 5 0
Friday, June 12 1 1 0 1 10 0
Carria ,e and pair for the four days.... £9 9 0

Orders for can lazes should be previously addressed to the Superin-
endent, Paddington, of whom every information may be obtained.

A good supply of well-appolotel Omnibuses will be provided to
ply from the Great Western Station at Windsor to the Coors?.

Fares there and back.
Tuesday, Juno 9, Cs. - I Thursday; June 11, 7s.
Wednesday, June 10, 4s. Friday, J ne 12, 4s.
Each omnibus will be ems 4cuously numbered, and the tickets sold
to rassengers will bear a corresponding number.
The omnibusos will leave the Course half an hour after the race
on each day. Each ticket will be marked "Inside" or " OuVide."
Fa-stingers taking Inside tickets cannot be allowed to change to out-
side, ror outs'de to inside, unless two passencers change by mutual
consent. Both outside and inside tickets are the same price.

ASCOT RACES.--SOUTH-WESTERN RA.IL-
IVA.Y.—On Tuesday. 9th, and Thursday, 11th June, Special
Trains will leave Rending fer Ascot about every half hour, from
9 a.m. till 12noon, calling at Wekingham, and returning from Ascot
alter the races on the above days. _ _ _

FAres:—Reacling, to Ascot, and hack, or either way,—First class,
7s. 6d ; second class, ss.
Wokingham. to Ascot and back, or either way, first class, ss. ;
second class, 3s. 6d.
On 9th and 11th .Tune the trainsleaving London (Waterloo-bridge
s' &ion) for Reading, and stations on the Maims and Reading lino. at
1,5 and 10.50 a.lll , and 12 45 and 4.40 p.m., will not run ; nor will

the trains run which leave Reading for London at 10.15 a.m., and
3.45,'5.45, and 7.15 p.m. on these days.
'I he ❑p train from Reading at 8.15 a m., and the 7.45 p m. down
train from London, are the only trains which will run on these two
days. By order.
London, Ist June, 1857-

ONDON AND NORTH WESTERN RAIL-
WAY—XI 2 10s. SHARES.
Proprietors are reminded that, as intimated in the Report of the
Directors to the (7eneral Meeting on the 2 'th February las,, the SE-
COgI) IwsTALMENT of £2 10s. per Share on the £l2 ICs. Shares,
er..ated 31th April. 1853, will become DUE and PAYABLE on the
lot July next, and that they aro requested to pay the same accord-
noly to one of the undermentioned bankers, namely :
London—Messrs. Glyn, Mirs, and Co
Birmingham—The Birmingham Banking Company.
Liverp ol h 4 Bank of Liverpool; o Mesa's. Moss and Co.
Manchester—Sir B. Ileywood and Co.; or the Manchester and
Liverpool District Bank.
CILANDOS, Chairman.
ROBERT BEN.Og, Deputy Chairman.
CB.IIIE.RS TYERWOAORTT,, Secretaries.
F.uston Station, London, May 30, 18 7. '

By. order.

TO the SPORTING WORLD. DEER-
-BTALKING and GHOME-STIOOTING.—The undersigned
is at 24, nrewer-street, Regent-street (in a Una with Glasshouse-
street), with all the necessary CLOTHING for deer stalking, grouse-
sheeting, salmon-fishing; and some new and beautiful Tweeds, for
town wear, fcc. Plaids, Tartans, Socks, Winceys, &c. A large
sto k of the famous Highland Cloaks, for town and country use, and
for Deer-stalking. The favourite Flora McDonald Cl,,aks for Ladies,
in all the best colours.—Rooms open from 2 to 6 o'clock, un 11 10th
July, when McD. r, turns to Inverness.
London, May, 1857. D. t►IACDOUGALL, of Inverness.

PRINCE ALBERT ROAD, NEW NATION AL
GALLERY.—In this delightful and desirable neighbourhood
ARE TO BE LET or SOLD several select and elegantly finished
Residences; their architectural display is of the highest order, and
the internal arrangements are everything that can possibly be de-
sired; In size they are sultel for the occupancy of both the Noble-
man and Gentleman, and the study of comfort has been the chief
object of the builder. This now most fashhnable part of London
renders the locality of these buildings undeniable, being contiguous to
Kensington-gardens, with its beautiful walks, and layde-park, with
its rides and drives ; added to which the salubrity of the air of Ken-
sington-gore is proverbial, and considered by the faculty the most
healthful in the vicinity of the metropolis. Apply at the Office, 1,
Prince Albert-Road, South Kensington.

QCHWEPPE'S MALVERN SELTZER
t, _7 WATER, manuractured by J. SCIIWEPPE and Co., the sole
lessees of the Holy Well, possesses all the celebrated properties of
the Na,sau String. SCHWEPFE'S SODA, MAGNESIA, POTASS
WATERS and LEMONADE, are manufactured as usial. Every
Bottle is protected by a Label with their signature.
SCHWEPPE and CO.,
Man facturers of Soda, Magnesia, and PotassWeers and Lemonade
London, Liverpool, Bristol, and Derby.

TO LADIES.
11-1) OWL ANDS' ICALYD OR, an Oriental
Botanical Preparation for improving and beautifying the
Complexion and Skin. —This Royally Patronised and universally-
estecm-d Specific exerts the most soothing, cooling, and purifying
action on the Sk'n, eradicates Freckles, Tan, Pimples, Spots, Dis-
coloration, andother cutaneous visitations, and renlers the Skin
soft, fair, and blooming.'
During the heat and dust of summer, and in case of sunburn, stings
of insects, or incidental inflammation, its ♦irtues are universally
acknowledged.

Price 4s. 6d. and Sc. 6d. per Bottle.
CetrrioN.—The words " ROWLANDS' ICALTDOIt," are on the Wrap-
per, and their stimatttre. "A. ROWLAND and Solis," in red ink, at
foot. Sold at 20, llatton-garden, London, and by Chemists and Per-
fumers.

PURSUANT to an Order of the High Court, of
Chancery, made in a cause. George John Oulds against
Joseph Oulds, all persons claiming to be creditors of Joseph Oulds,
late of Henry-street, Hampstea/-road in the parish of Saint Pancras,
In the c unty of Middlesex, oil and colourman, the intestate in the
proceedings named, who died in or about the 'month of March,
11 are, by their solicitors, on or before the 10th day of July,
18D., to come in and prove their Debts at the Chambers of the
Vice-Chancellor Sir Richard Torin Kindersley, No. 3, Stone-buildings,
Uncoln's-inn, Middlesex, or, in default thereof, they will be peremp-
torily excluded from the benefit of the said Order. Monday, the 13th
day of July, 1857, at One o'clock in the afternoon, at the said Cham-
bers, is appointed for hearing and adjudicating upon the claims.—
Dated this 18th thy of May, 1857.
CHAS. PUGH, Chief Clerk.
JOSEPH LANGHAM DALE, 8, Furnivars-inn, Holborn,
Plaintiff's Solicitor.

A N ACT OF GRATITUDE.-5,000 Copies of a
.01. Medical Book for Gratuitous Circulation.--GEOIIGE Thomas.
Esq., having been effectually cured of nervous debility, loss ofrnemory,
and dimness of sight, resulting from the early errors of youth, by
following the instructions given in a Medical Work by a Physician,
he considers it hlicluty, in gratitude to the author, and for the benefit
of nervous sufferers, to publish the means used. He will therefore
send free, to any address, in a sealed envelope, on receipt of a direct-
ed envelope enclosing two stamps, to pre-pay postage, a copy of the
medical work containing every information required. Address, G.
Thomas, Esq , Craven House, Newcastle-upon-Tyne.

rATIVIRTISISMIS2iT.I- SIGHT AND HEARING. -.- SPECTACLES..

POWERFUL TELESCOPES.—OPERA, RACE, AND PERSPECTIVE
GLASSES,—Messrs. S. and B. Solomons, opticians. 39, Albe-
marle-street, Piccadilly. Observe—opposite the York Hotel,
W.—By her Majesty's Royal Letters Patent for valuable and
extraordinary improvements in the most powerful and bril-
liant Telescopes, Camp, Racecourse, Opera, and Perspective
Glasses, to know the distances. These telescopes I/ ossee s
such extraordinary power that some, three and a-half inches,
with an extra eye-Vece will show distinctly Jupiter's moons,
Saturn's ring, and the double stars ; with the same telescope
can be seen a person's countenance three-and-a-half miles dis-
tant, and an object from 16 to 20 miles. For the waistcoat
pocket, an 9 aro of larger, and all sizes, with increasing
powers accordingly. The Royal Exhibition, 1851.—A valu-
able newly-invente•l very small powerful Waistcoat Pocket
Glass, the size of a walnut, by which a person can be seen
and known ono and a half mile distant. They answer every
purpose on the race-course, and at the Opera Henses.
scenery, and ships aro clearly seen at 12 to 14 miles.
invaluable for shooting, deer-stalking, yachting,
CTh juetetarerY
sportsmen,
gentlemen, gamekeepers, and tourists. Opera,
Camp, Perspective, and Racecourse Glasses, with wonderful
powers. —lnvaluable preserving Spectacle Lenses of the
greatest transparent power. The great advantage derived
from this invention is, that vision impaired becomes pre-
'at and very aged persons are enabled
the most minute occupation—
steorved
employand stthreeinegtskiegnhedt
occupation—
can see with these lenses of a much less magnifying power
—and they do not require the frequent changes to the
dangerous effects of further powerful assistance. Persons
can be suited at the most remote part of the world by send-
inz one of the glasses out of their spectacles in a letter, and
stating the distance from the eye they can read small print
with it, and those "who have net made use of spectacles bystating their age. Deafness.—New Discovery,—Tbe Or-
ganic Vibrator, an extraerdiearily powerful, small newly-
invented instrument for deafness, entirely different from all
oti-ere, surpasses anything of the kind that kas teen, or pro-
bably ever can be produced. Being of the same colour as
the skin, is not perceptible. It enables deaf persons to hear
diskinctly at church and at public assemblies; the unpleasant
sensation of singing noises in-the ears is entirely remlived,
and it affords all the assistance that possibly could be desired.
—39, Albemarle-street, Piccadilly,—Observe—opposite the
York Hotel, W.

MILITARY BDUCATION.

(From the Excwiner.)
The attention of the gouge of Commons will be
directed on the 11th inst. by Sir De Lacy Evans to
this extremely important and interesting, but by
no means easy question.
The two ideas of a British officer and an educated
professional man have been so systematically dis-
connected in the public mind, that it has be-
come an up-hill task to bring them together, now
that the exigenc'es of the country make it indis-
peripable that they should be disave;ed no longer.
Ignorance—ignorance even of the science of war,
has long marked our army for her Own. It seemi
never to have entere.l into anybody's head even to
teach the yoUng military idea how to shoot. Phy-
s'cians and surgeons had their colleges, arid were
duly trained before they were licensed to kill by
rule, with a

Dignus, dignus, est intrare
In 'metro docto corpora.
But as to academic education for red-coats, it was
DO more thought of than for plush breeches. One
moiety of our officers considered themselves above
instruction ; and the public considered the other
moiety scarcely capable of it. Hence it was that
feathers,. whiskers, red cloth, gold lace, and cigars,
became the chief ingredients of the popular nation
of a captain, or a colonel; and a little more lace,
or scarlet, or an additiejsal feather in his cap, is
ea that is
_ordinalily requited to reise tie.concep-
tion to the rank of a general, or a staff-officer.
Error on this subject is in possession of a strong
post. We have only, therefore, to sit down Pati-
ently before it, and be satisfied with the slow ap-
proaches, sure, however, eventually to give the
victory to. coainien sena-.
We are not a military 'nation in the -sense of
maintaining a large military force •, lad if wo re-
quite an army.at all, we ought t) be prepared to
pay military subjects the attention necessary to
make our army as efficient and complete as possibl-.
In fact, the smaller the scale of our military estab-
blishments, the greater pains it is incumbent on us
to bestow upon our military administration. The
problem we have to solve is pretty much the same
that Caius Marius proposed to himself. ou being
appointed to prosecute the Jugurtbine war—
bellum parare, simul, et cerario pareere."
This leads us at once to the fundamental ques-
tion of the creation and- encourag3went of a clani
of educated and scientific officers. The efficiency
of the army will follow from the efficiency of the
men holding' the highest offices in it. How, then,
is that efficiency to be provided for ? The Com-
missioners of Inquiry into the systems of the con-
tinental armies appear to us to have recommended
a large but a simple plan. They expre3s no wish
to interfere with the education ef our great public
schools. On the contrary, they consider that very
juvenile military education is a serious evil 2 • and
their view is that until the age of 16 or 17 the
fittest places for young men intended f 'r the profes-
sion of arms are the ordinary public schools of the
country ; it being of course desirable, as much for
the army as for other walks in life, that the course
of instruction in such schools should be as advanced
and enlightened as possible. The Commissione-s
then recommend that a short but strict military
training should be given, not to every individual
intending to enter the service, but only to such
young men as possess a capacity, or feel an inclina-
tion for higher military nudies. Such an academy
would very newly agree with that of the great
French military school of St. Cyr, and would re
semble, though n-4t so closely; the best of the Aus-
trian es!ablishments for the same purposes. Fre-
quent exatninations at this proposed academy
would enab:e the teachers (who would be for the
mast part military men) to discover which of their
pupils were best qualified forthe Engineers, which
for the Artillery, which fur the Line. The term of
each pupil's stiy would not exce ,d two yews ; and
the mainspring of activity during that period would
be competition for the more coveted of the ser-
vices above rnentione I.
Such would be the first step of military educa-

tion, ba-ed upon the sound, or at least the manly
teaching of our pub'ic schools, but at the same
time tendering to young officers of talent and am-
bition those opportunities of specially studying the
science and business of their intended career, with
which it is impossible for any profession to dispense.
Now let Its proceed a step forth r, and ask what
is to be the bearing of these special studies on the
future of the studtnt? Of wh4t advantage are they
to be to young men after they have entered the
service Y In other words, how is the young officer
to be made to feel that it is worth his while to pro
secuto his studies, and make himself master of his
profession. Here lies the marrow of the question,
but its difficulty also. In the continental States,
in France, in Austria, or in Sardinia, the answer
would be returned readily enough. In those coun-
tries, as the object is to secure the best talents for
the army, the stimulus to genius and industry is
certainty of reward and assurance of pro-
motion.young officers compete for ad
m-
Staff school ; and once enteral
ssion into T h e
the ablest
there, they win their places on tl e staff itself ac-
cording to their deserts and performances. In the
continental systems the principle of competition is
called into action, audit must be brought in' o play
in England also,
if we aro to do anything worth
speaking of to encourage merit in the army, or to
make the army what it ought to be. The
Commissioners have ably and boldly met the ques-
tion. They distinctly inform tl e Secretary of
War, and throuzli him the Parliament and
the country, " that in every country fsited by
them the entrance to the Staff school is gained by
competition, and that everywhere the entrance into
the Staff is gained by distinction at the school."
The establishment at Sandhurst illustrates by its
most serous defect the point on which the Report
lays so just a stress :
" The chief defect noticed with our own Series De-
partment at Sandhurst haFs been that its course of study
was regarded as no recommendation for promotion. Tho
contrast presented by all foreign Staff Schools is cer.
talnly striking. There are differences, indeed, between
these schools in France and Austria as to the period of
admission and other points ; but both are alike in , this,
that they are so framed as to give every conceivable pre-
mium and encouragement to such military acquirements
as the service of the Staff, is thought to require. In both
the officers enter by competition, and after a laborious
course obtain their appointments on the Staff as the re-
ward of their distinctions in the school. It seems need-
less to urgethat a college of this kind, opening the door
to advancement, and frequented when the mind is in its
full vigour, would possess every inducement to call forth
the energies of young officers of talent. But a Sinior
Department, offering a bare opportunity for military
study, with no ulterior results, stands in a wholly dif-
ferent position."
The question of promotion on the principle of
competition is, inseparable from the question of
education. It is part of it and the most vital part
of it. The present system of promotf on remaining,
the best possible scheme of military education
would be useless, and the labour of framing it
would be thrown away. There must b. both the
opportunities of instruction, and the motives to
profit by them. The motives are to be supplied by
free competition, and free competition only. We
might have arrived at this conclusion by the
priori road ; but it is no harm to have abstract
reasoning supported by such a body of facts as the
Commissioners have collected, as well as by the
authority of their deliberate opinions and rioom-
uui:Ythat competi-
and largest
me
tion
iuor
nnv demya tuiosoftn stbh,eeafts thueberj
set:hutei fu enquiry lnaeeslylty
tell ensyqs
system
of
military
education deserving of the name. It is idle to talk
of encouraging education, or. opening schools; or
affording officers this opportunity, or that oppor-
tunity, of acquiring a knowledge'of their profession,
if the opportunities used and the talents exercised
are not to be the certain steps to professional ad-
vancement.
Yet in whatlliOrd Palmerston said upon this sub
ject in moving the army estimates, there was not
alluissisoonlutbolethceonsynseteetmionofwiththe ques-
tion military pro-
tion of education.
tmhoetisolnighinteistts
There is another object (raid the Premier) which has
attracted the attenticn of the country, viz., a provision
for the education of the officers of the army. It is quite
obvious that whatever may be the courage of our officers
and.the bravery of our men, with that courage and bra-
very there should be mixed a certain amount of science
applicable to war. It is the duty of the country to give
them that species of instruction which will enable them
to accomplish the end they have in view with the least
possible sacrifice of life. Great improvements have been
made in the regimental school. With regard *to the
officers, a council has] been appointed, of which the
Commander-in-Chief is the head, consisting of officers of
great distinction, and.the Secretary for the War Depart-
ment, the object of that council being to form ti; system
of education for officers which may be calculated td
secure to the army men of skill in their profession, with
their minds trained and their faculties improved by study
and training. When the commission shall have reported,
the report shall be laid on the table, and I have no doubt
that a system will be established well calculated to effect
the object for which it was appointed.
Let us hope that his-lordship sees as clearly as he
ought to see upon what basis alone an effectual
system of education for the army can be established ;
and that lie said nothing of promotion by merit;

merely because he considered•promotion upon that
principle as a matter of course, whatever educa-
tional system the council of officers might recom-
mend. Lord Pa'merston's statement of the object
proposed may be accepted,—" to secure to the
army men of skill in their profession, with their
m'nds disciplined, and their faeult'es improved by
study and training." This is unque;tion ably the
object ; but there is vast
.roem for error when
we come to the meth° is of securing it, and
the Government will commit the groatest error of
all, if they flatter themselves for a moment, that it
is to be secured in any other way but thr ,ugh the
vigorous springs of emulation and competition,
which are utterly irreconcilable with promotion by
purchase, or promotion by favour. Lord F"aneaure
has already, greatly to his credit, sanctioned the
principle we c eitend fair in the Ar'ibery and tha
Engineers. He cannot consistently refue t ) apply
the same system to the army in general, but espe-
cially to the Staff department, the proper head and
brains of the service, where the highest and most
cultivated military talents and attainments ought to
be feund.
This is a subject which it is particularly incum-
bent on the House of Commons to watch with the
utmost vigilance, It is quite as much a question
of retrenchment as of reform. If a small force in
the higheSt state of efficiency is to be our national
policy ; if the estimates are to be low and our mili-
tary power still formidable, these conflicting condi-
tions are only to be brought into harmony by new
modelling our army after the best examples.
The policy we speak of is tail!), incompatible
with the exclusive and aristocratic character of our
present military establishments. As long as that
cbarac'er subsists, we shall never have such an
army as the country wants, an army sufficient for
our military requirements, yet not too great either
for our views of economy, er our well-founded
notions of freedom. In our eyes, moreover, it is a
great re:ommendation of the principles which we
contend for, that they naturally and powerfully
tend to open the British army, from its lowest to
its highest grades, nay even the proud gates of the
Horse Guards itself, to the youth of the mibile
cases, or in other words, to the people of Eng-
land.
Another essential point, to which we have not
yet adverted, is the constitution of a Board of Mili-
tary Education. Such a Board ought to include
some civilians, and ought obviously to be inde-
pendent of the Horse Guards and the Government.
Its chief functions would he to direct the different
military schools and regulate the examin thous.