The Sun.
London, England, 1861-01-18 00:00:00

THE SUN, LONDON, FRIDAY EVENING, JANUARY 18, 1861

treaties between Hungary and the Hapsburgs,
nothing in the laws of the Kingdom which affords
the slightest foundation for what has been done by
SCHWARTZENBERG, BACH, and their successors and
comrades. It has all been effected at the point of the
bayonet, not in virtue of law and right ; and if the
bayonet dares not act law resumes its course.
Only very recently two of the most distinguished
Hungarians of 1848, Judge DEAK and Baron
EoTvos, visited Vienna ; their demand was that of
all Hungarians, a separate kingdom, united only by
the Crown to the rest of the Austrian Empire—
the control of their own taxation and their own
troops. The EMPEROR is reported to have said :-
6, As yet, notwithstanding all our misfortunes and
shortcomings, we have not ceased to be reckoned
among the Great States of Europe. But what
do you think would be the consequence of a
division of the Empire into a variety of inde-
pendent countries, with the person of the SOTE-
REIGN as the sole and exclusive point cf union ?
I cannot acquiesce in the plan of splitting up
my armies into several armies, each of them
under the direction of different Ministers, and
relying on the grants of different Parliaments.
Whatever you may be pleased to propose on
other points, it will be impossible for me to
accede to this. Once more, gentlemen, neither
will I nor can I have a Hungarian force by the
side of a German or Bohemian."

Such language may be all very well in the mouth
of the poor young despot ; but we imagine the
Hungarians will heed it but little. They are not
in the temper to give up their demands. They
require that the Hungarian regiments shall return
to the kingdom, and the detested Austrians quit it ;
and if they steadily persist in their demand they
must get it. It is a pretty dilemma for the Ex-
' PEROR. If he employs out of Hungary, especially
in Venetia, regiments whom their countrymen ask
should return home, he cannot trust them in his
army. They may shoot their Austrian officers
again on the day of battle, and go over to the enemy,
and paralyse all his movements. If again, he serid them
home, they will be a Parliamentary army in llun-
gary, prepared to sustain the laws of 1818 at the
point of the bayonet. It may be a great mortifica-
tion to FRANCIS JOSEPH to be King here, Archduke
at home, Elector somewhere, and no one knows
what else besides, instead of the magnificent
Emperor of AUSTRIA, but there is no help for it.
He and his brutal ancestors have sinned away their
day of Grace, and they must now bear the conse-
quences.

Austria's hope for the ensuing spring was the
unsettlement of the South of Italy. Gaeta and
Messina, and the petty disturbances fomented by
Royalist agents in the KING'S name, were to occupy
the troops of the King of PIEDMONT, and his army
was to have quite enough to do with direct military
work and repressing insurrection. But that hope
is doubly destroyed—not only by the too late
return to reason of the French EMPEROR at Gaeta,
but by the Administration now established at
Naples. There seems every probability that Prince
CARIGNAN will, personally, prove an acceptable
Viceroy, and his first act, than which surely one
more popular could hardly have been desired, has
been to intrust POERIO with the formation of an
Administration. May he be found practically
equal to his very difficult task ! And may his
success be some atonement to him for the
long years of cruel and infamous torture which
he long endured ! There is now we think
strong ground to hope that Seuthern Italy and the
Papal dominions may become so well settled, as to
leave the Italian Army free for any demands which
may be made on it in the spring.
But the spring ! With what ed breath do
we look forward to that. Calculation is impossible.
To ponder over the many various elements of great
movements only assures one of the absurdity of pro-
phesying. Prussia we may set aside—she is
anchored in selfishness, though that selfishness
may be frightened. But with Hungary liable any
hour to be provoked out of her admirable pas-
sive resistance—with Venetia crammed with
Austrian soldiers, the Venetians subjugated only,
and the country not to be sold to liberty—with GARI-
BALDI ready for anything in North Italy, in Dal-
matia, in Huugary—VlCTOß EMMANUEL unable,
probably, if he wishes to quiet the demand for
the liberation of Venetia—with the moody vain
Emperor of the FRENCH looking on the whole, his
will almost decisive of what shall be allowed—
yet no one able to conjecture whether Peoples or
Despots are to share his favours next time; with
England, fighting through her Foreign-office and
her Parliament, and fighting effectually too, since she
chose to be stronger on the ocean than her neigh.
bour—with so much combustible material, and so
many causes of combustion—whether—when

where war shall break out, no matal can predict

The diplomatic course recently pursued in China
by the Russian Government was certainly as
admirably well-timed as it was eminently charac-
teristic. Without firing a gun, without despatching
a single ship of war into the Chinese waters, without
disembarking upon the Chinese shores one solitary
regiment—the Russians have, nevertheless, by
simply watching their opportunity, realised every
ono of thefr projects out at Pekin, whether political
or commercial. We yesterday published in the
columns of our journal in extenso the text of the
new Treaty between Russia and China—the Treaty
concluded at Pekin on the 14th of November, 1860,
and ratified at St. Petersburg on the Ist of January,

1861—a document signed by Prince KUNG, on the
part of the Empeior HIEN PIING, and by General
IGNATIEFF, on the part of the Emperor ALEXANDER.
It is impossible, of course, to blame the Muscovite

Government for its adroitness in availing itself
thus of the results produced out in China
through the formidable agency of the allied

expedition. The power of the Tartar dynasty
having been prostrated in the dust by the stretched
out arms of France and England—the Autocrat of
all the Russias, as a rational man, of course, hesi.
tated not one instant to avail himself to the full of
so very tempting an opportunity. Through his
diplomatic agent and representative, Cieneral
NICHOLAS IGNATIEFF, his Imperial MAJESTY con-
trived with admirable skill to extort from the
rulers of China, when at their weakest, all the con-
cessions which, for a very long while past, the Rus-
sian had been striving to obtain by fair means or
by foul from the Chinese Government. The latter
Government, like a strong man sudden ly overthrown,
was lying prostrated and paralysed at the cmi-
quering feet of the Allied Expedition—when Rus-
sian diplomacy planting its knee upon the breast
of the vanquished and grappling the throat of the
fallen Unfortunate, extorted from it before it could
riso again to its feet all those fifteen im-
portant concessions enumerated in the remarkable
document, the Treaty betwtvn Clina and Russia
already referred to as having been put-
lished in 2he Sun of yesterday. It is an instruc-
tive spectacle in its way, this last cunning achieve-
ment of Russian Diplomacy. As spectators we
quarrel not with it—but at the same time, as
Englishmen, none of us covet or envy it as an

-achievement, If our Treaty of Peace has unhappily
cost us some little blood and several millions ster-
ling in getting out that expedition by means of

which it was extorted—the Treaty of Peace nego-
tiated by General IGNATIEFF, while costing Russia
neither one drop of blood, nor yet one solitary
ruble, has nevertheless cost it far more, for it has
cost it the prestige of its Imperial reputation. It
has revealed to the world at large the somewhat
despicable spectacle of Russia playing the part of
the carrion crow after the flight of the Imperial
Eagle of France, and of the jackal prowling at the
heels of the Royal Lion of England!

The lamentable destitution now rife in London
comes as a terribly opportune justification of the
recent movement set on foot by W. D. B. and his
sympathising co-operators, for the carrying of
Relief more directly into the squalid Homes—if
Homes these wretched dens of misery can be called!
—hid away in the secret places, the foul back-
slums and populous rookeries of the metropolis►
It could hardly have been expected that any of
the charitable institutions already in existence
before this new scheme of benevolence was first
thought of by W. D. 8., and first mooted by him
through the brief but electric communication which
he addressed but a very few months back to our
chief morning contemporary—it could hardly, we
say, have been expected that any of the old
established associations for the relief of poverty
in this vast twin city of London and West-
minster, could regard with jealousy and
with irritation, as an intruder, this new-born
project for the diminution of the chances of star-
vation ! Yet such actually has been the case from
its commencement. It was argued by the pro-
moters of the various previously existing establish-
ments, that those establishments constituted for
the metropolis a perfectly adequate system of
charitable organisation. Their cry was, from the
very beginning of this humane movement—parti-
cularly after the inauguration meeting at the
Thatched House Tavern, St. James's-street, an
influential meeting presided over by his grace the
Duke of MANCHESTER—" We want no help, but
least of all such help as you could give us !" They
appeared, these old-world relievers of aistress, to
shrink from the Volunteers of Benevolence who
were pressing forward to their assistance in
the work of charity—to shrink from
anything like association with them, as
from some mysterious kind of contamination ?
Their argument was that the old societies were
enough for London. Notwithstanding the fright-
ful evidence to the contrary, afforded to the world
from time to time through the returns of the Re-
gistrar-General--those appalling returns which
have been announcing hitherto periodically the
dreadful fact that men, and women, and children
die, from time to time, in the midst of all our
wealth, of all our charity, die literally, every now
and then, from actual famine. Yet in defiance of
these notorious truths—truths glaring upon the
imagination of all, at uncertain intervals, through
little pargraphs not unfrequently met with in the
columns of the public newspapers—the charitable
institutions (in spite of all whose noble exertions
these miserable deaths from starvation do most
unquestionably occur), repelled with jealousy, as
though it were really, as we have said, an in-
truder alien to the object they all had in view,
repelled with jealousy, as though it were some
strangely antagonistic intruder, this latest adven-
turer in the great cause of carrying relief to our
destitute population.
Since this Society for the Relief of Distress,
however, was first established, immediately prior
to the commencement of this present winter of
1860-1861—a wintry season of unusual inclemency
—how overwhelming has been its justification !
Why, the destitution now in search of relief, in spite
of all the old institutions, in spite even of the
energetic co-operation of this latest addition to the
charitable societies of the metropolis—the destitu-
tion now seeking relief in this immense capital is
stalking at this moment visibly and audibly
through our chief thoroughfares ! Thousands of
able-bodied men out of work are wandering in
melancholy groups through our streets pleading
to the passers-by for assistance. And every
one of these poor fellows represents a
home, represents a family. There is the emaciated
wife or the drooping old mother at home with the
cluster of poor famishing children, There is nearly
every available object in the wretched apartment
in which each of these families may be huddled toge-
ther,th ere is every available object there that could be
carried off to the pawnbrokers'—clothing, furniture,
or what not—long since pawned for food and fuel,
and in this manner long ago consumed. Look at
the records given in our colunins from day to day,
of the deplorable scenes witnessed at our principal

police stations. Respectable artisans—men who

have honestly earned their bread heretofore by the
sweat of their brow—driven at last (we are left to
imagine with what pangs of anguish) to seek the
alms that may be vouchsafed to them by the
benevolence of those whose almoners aro our
metropolitan magistrates. Hundreds upon
hundreds are now living relieved in this
way from day to day—altogether apart from
the assistance afforded to the rest of the poor of the
Metropolis through the customary charitable organi-
sation. In spite of all which, in spite of our over-
crowded workhouses, in spite of the zealous labours
of our clergymen of all denominations, in spite of

the isolated efforts made by private benevolence,
and of the systematic endeavours of all our elee-
mosynary establishments combined—it would be
an extravagant hope to cherish for one instant the
notion that this inclement season will pass over
without causing the deaths of very many through
cold, and nakedness, and hunger, and thirst, in
other words, through absolute neglect and starva-
tion. The knowledge of this, however, instead of
relaxing our efforts in any particular, ought,

on the contrary, to hearten us all to in-
creased exertions for the relief of this
widespread and appalling destitution, so that
the number of these frightful deaths may at any
rate in some measure be diminished; so that the
miseries of our suffering fellow-creatures may in
some degree at least be mitigated. Every penny
so applied—every effort so directed—is in its value
at this moment a wholly inestimable act of bene-

volence. Firmly persuaded of which, we do ear.

neatly appeal to everyone who may read these words
to forward the good work in some way, however
apparently trivial in itself; and if no other means
for doing this should present itself to the reader's
imagination, to drop but one additional mite into
the corbona of Mr. DAVENPORT BROMLEY'S newly
organized charitable association.

'There is no truth in the paragraph, published
yeztuday, stating that Sir John Ramsden has been ap-
pointed Under Secretary of State for War. Mr. Baring has
stieceedod Earl de Grey end Pipen in that post.
Mr. Godley, Permanent Under Secretary at the
War-office, has, we are glad to hear, returned to his duties
in Pall-mall, after a lengthened absence caused by severe
illness.

'ELECTION FOR PEMBORKESIIIEE.—PEMBROKE,
Thursday.—At the close of the poll this evening the Con-
servative candidate, Mr. G. Lort Phillips, had a majority
of 215 over the Liberal candidate, Mr. Hugh Owen.

On Wednesday two vessels, laden with cattle,
from Spain, and bound respectively for London and South •
ampton, put in at Plymouth, having experienced violent
gales. Many of the cattle had died, and many more had
been seriously injured. The total damage was estimated
,apt £1,009,

A Berlin letter in the Augsburg Gazette speaks
of the probability of a commercial crisis in that city, and
which has begun to manifest itself by numerous failures.
Another letter from Berlin states that the severe
cold which prevailed during the funeral of the late King
caused illness among many of the persons who were pre-
sent. More than 200 of the soldiers who lined the streets
were obliged to go into the hospital, and some of them have
since died. A number of horses have also perished from the
same cause.
ROYAL FREE HOSPITAL, GRAY'S-INN-ROAD.—At
a quarterly meeting of governors, held yesterday in the
board-room of the hospital, General Watkins in the chair,
it was officially announced that the Right Hon. the Lord
Mayor, William Cubitt, M.P., had fixed on Tuesday, March
19th next, to preside at the annual dinner to be held at the
greemasons' Tavern, in support of this excellent charity.
The Sheriffs, Alderman Abbiss and Mr. Lusk, with many
other city gentlemen, have signified their intention of being
present on the occasion to support the Lord Mayor.
THE BATTALION OF ST. PATRICK.—The follow-
ing notice appears in the Morning News of this day :—" In
reply to many letters received, Major O'Reilly begs to
state that only a few medals have yet been received from
Rome and given to officers. As the medals are received
due notice will be given of the way in which they are to be
obtained by the men. No emigrants for Italy are at pre-
sent required ; when such are wanted, Major O'Reilly will
communicate with those who have written to him. It is
not in Major O'Reilly's power to obtain for discharged
men the amount of bounty unpaid at the time of the disem-
bodiment. Each man was furnished with a free passage
home, at a cost far greater than the amount which was to
be paid for four years' service."
COUNTY OF ABERDEEN. The: contest for the
representation of the county of Aberdeen may be said to be,
for the present at an end—the Liberal candidate Sir Alex-
ander Bannerman, of Crimonmogate, having withdrawn.
Sir Alexander, who was abroad when the vacancy, by the
death of the late Earl of Aberdeen occurred, only arrived
in Aberdeen on Monday, when he found, according to his
address in which he announces his withdrawal from the
contest, that his absence ;had been so much against him,
notwithstanding his agents and friends had worked well for
him, his best course would be to retire. The field is thus
left to the Conservative candidate, Mr. Leslie, of Warthill.
It"is understood, however, that the Hon. Arthur Gordon,
the youngest of the Aberdeen family, who is a great
favourite in this county, has been written to.
INSUFFICIENT PREPAYMENT OF NEWSPAPERS
FOR THE UNITED STATES AND CHlNA.—Owing to a dis-
regard of the official regulations upon the subject, which
are clearly stated at pages 33 and 46 in the "British Postal
Guide," No. 19, many letters addressed to the United
States and Canada are posted in this country either
unpaid or insufficiently paid, and are therefore not for-
warded, but sent to the returned letter branch for disposal.
It seems to be forgotten that such newspapers must be pre-
paid one penny each, whatever number may be contained
in a single packet, and that the charge is not regulated by
weight, as is the case with unstampcd newspapers
sent through the post in this country. It has also
been observed that a fraudulent practice prevails,
to a considerable extent, of enclosing letters or
other articles in newspapers sent to or received from foreign
countries, especially America, which renders them liable, as
the least penalty, to be charged with full letter postage ac
cording to their weight. The officers of the department are
strictly enjoined to examine, as far as possible, the newspapers
passing through their hands to or from foreign parts, and to
enforce the official regulations wherever they may have
been infringed ; and it is thought right to draw the atten-
tion of the public to this matter, with the view of prevent-
ing the occurrence of future irregularities. By command
of the Postmaster- General.—ROWLAND HILL, Secretary.
THE GREAT SHIP COMPANY AND JOHN SCOTT
RUSSELL.—This case came before the Court of Queen's
Bench on two rules obtained last term, one on behalf of the
company and the other on behalf of Mr. Scott Russell.
The differences between the parties having been referred to
three gentlemen, civil engineers of great eminence,. one of
them being Mr. Hawkshaw, they had made an award de-
claring Mr. Russell was entitled to receive from the com-
pany a sum of £lB,OOO. The company, however, refused
to comply with the award, on the ground that the arbitra-
tors had exceeded their authority in investigating claims as
to extras not within the terms of the submission, and like-
wise because the award was bad on the fdce of it, in that
making it to appear that items of Mr. Russell's claims were
correct by the award. Mr. Russell had been paid a sum of
£119,000; but his total claim against the company amounted
to £149,650. On the other hand the company had counter
claims against Mr. Russell, principally on account of his
not having fitted the ship for sea for the sum originally
contracted for. The judgment of the court was that both
rules must be discharged, and that Mr. Russell should be
left to his remedy of an action on the award against the
company.
A VERY curious phenomenon—which illustrates
the severity of this season in a very striking manner—has
been:recorded by naturalists as having been witnessed in
the neighbourhood of Pontefract and Doncaster. It is said
that the; intensity of the frost has affected the plumage of
the birds in that district, and that several which have been
shot have proved quite piebald. Every one who has dab-
bled in artic travels—pleasant reading:by a bright fireside in
latitude 521—will remember that the plumage of the birds
of the arctic regions is naturally colourless and white. It
requires the genial warmth of sunnier climes to provide the
humming-bird with its irridescent court-dress, and to clothe
the parrot—that harlequin of the woods—in its brilliant
motley. Just now it is Northward-Ho with our poor little
English birds, and it is to be feared that as far as they
are concerned the frost will finish the task of destruction
which the floods of last year in the breeding time had too
effectually begun. If so, we shall miss them next season ;
and discover to our loss that they have another use in the
economy of nature than merely to make our hedge-rows and
coverts delightful with song.—Onee a Week.
THE SYLPIIIDE SCANDAL.—The .Newry Tele-
graph has " been honoured with the subjoined communi-
cation from the Marquis of Downshire :"—" Royal Yacht
Schooner Sylphide, Naples, Jan. G. Sir,—The statement
of what is said to have occurred on board my yacht, copied
the end of last month from the ifanchester Guardian into
several newspapers, is false, and totally devoid of a vestige
of foundation ; nor had anything occurred on board, or
ashore, directly or indirectly, to give any colouring what-
ever for such a villanous calumny and lie. The man who
forged this production, whether he be an Englishman or a
foreigner, is a wilful liar and a slanderer, and I will leave
no means untried to punish his audacious calumnies. Ido
not, of course, know how far I might have gone, in my
exasperation, had the statement been true, but this I do
know, that if I catch this scoundrel, I will throw him over-
board ; nor will I trouble myself further about such worth-
less carrion.—l remain, Sir, faithfully yours, DOWNSHIRE.
—To the Editor of the Neurry Telegraph."
THE DUNDRY MURDER.—We regret to learn
that the condition of George Waterman, the husband of
the woman so brutally murdered on the evening of the 9th

inst., and who was himself very severely beaten, has un-
dergone an unfavourable change. :Yesterday morning
symptoms of an alarming nature;presented themselves, and

it was feared that Waterman would not survive. The re-
mains of the murdered woman were interred yesterday in
Dundry churchyard, in presence of a large number of spec-
tators. The money which has been found in Waterman's
cottage, and to secure which was the presumed object of the
murderers, has been handed to a nephew of Waterman,
who has undertaken to invest it in some bank for his uncle's
use, should he survive.
A MAN KILLED AT A SHOOTING MATCH.—A
shocking catastrophe happened at Malvern, Worcester-
shire, on 'Wednesday afternoon. A pigeon-shooting
match was held in a field in the suburbs of that town,
when three silver cups were shot for. A man named Col.

lips, the boots at the Unicorn Inn, was employed to place
the pigeons in the trap, and had just placed a bird in
that receptacle in the regular way, and was walking
towards the shooters for the- purpose of pulling the
string and liberating the bird, when it happened
to be the turn of Mr. Allflat, architect, of Malvern,
to shoot, and ho had cocked his gun for that purpose.
As Collins was walking towards him, Mr. Allflat
turned round to speak to somo one near, having his
hand upon the trigger, when, either from slipping on
the frozen ground, or from some other cause, the
hammer of the gun fell on the nipple, the gun went off,
and being at the moment pointed at Collins, who was only
a few yards distant, the whola charge entered his body, a
great portion of it passing into the heart and lungs. With
a groan the poor fellow fell to the ground, blood gushing
from the wound. A surgeon was quickly in attendance,
but his services were of no avail. He died almost instan-
taneously. Of course this awful event at once put an end
to the sports of the day.
WESTMINSTER PALACE HOTEL.—This extensive
structure is now completed, and will be opened to the public
by the end of the month. It is a fine building, occupying
an extensive frontage in Victoria-street, and overlooking
the Houses of Parliament and Westminster Abbey. It is
six stories high. The porch or entrance consists of an
elegantly sculptured design, and the grand entrance has an
Opening ovor it to the roof, terminating in a sky-light. The
galleries are lighted by side windows. The public, coftoc

'oota is 90 feet lung by 30 wide, the richly ornamented
ceiling being supported by scagliula columns. Next to it is
the dining-room, 70 feet long, with numerous reception
rooms, a library, ladies' coffee•room, and smoking-rooms.
The other stories comprise, sitting-rooms and saites of
apartments, and some 120 bedrooms and baths. The ex-
!eat of the structure may be inferred from the fact that
there are 700 rooms in all, 140 of th.cm being occupied by
the India Council. The cooking department, which already
supplies the India House, is on a scale commensurate with
the other departments, and tho general tariff is similar to

those of the Great Western and Euston Hotels. The hotel
it is expected will be a great accommodation to persons
visiting London during the Parliamentary session. Owing
to the great height of the building, and the consequent
tedious ascent that would have to be made to get upstairs,

an ingenious contrivance in the shape of a hydraulic lift has
been designed, by means of which, seated on a sofa with
their luggage, visitors may ascend and descend from or to

any of the ii2C stories at pleature,

LATE '1 T N 04`
tv

(REUTER'S TELEGRAMS.)
NAPLES, JAN. 16.

Signor Poerio has been entrusted with the
formation of a new Administration. This news
has produced an excellent effect at Naples.
The reactionary bands in the Abruzzi have been
beaten. Naples and the provinces are tranquil.

VIENNA, FRIDAY.
The Official Wiener Zeitung of to-day says :

The violent proceeding of the Comitat of Neutra
towards the Court of Justice of that Comitat, have
caused the Government to oppose energetically this
evident act of sedition. According to telegraphic
advices received here the Court of Justice of Neutra
has, without the employment of force, been re-esta-
blished, and its officers have been enabled to fulfil
their duties. The National Bank of Austria has
declared a dividend of 28 florins,

MADRID, JAN. 17,

The Prince of Asturias is convalescent.

The Ministry has declared in the Cortes that the
statement that the officers of a Spanish vessel bad
given advice to the Neapolitans, as to placing their
guns in abetter direction, is without any founda-
tion.

The Spanish navy has received orders to act in
conformity with the policy of the Government,
which is to remain neutral.

COPENHAGEN, JAN. 16,

The Berlingske Tidende announces that the
Minister for War has caused the whole of the
infantry to be supplied with rifled muskets, and
that steps have been taken to increase the num-
ber of horses for military purposes, and for the
speedy recalling of the soldiers on furlough.
The same journal also says that preparations
are being made for the evacuation of the arsenal
of Rendsburg.
The military corps of engineers has been or-
dered to submit to the Government plans for the
extension of the fortifications of Danenwicke and
of the redoubts of Friedericia.

The artillery is to receive several rifled bai

teries.

FRANKFORT-ON-THE-MAINE, JAN. 17.

In to-day's sitting of the Federal Diet the two
committees appointed to consider the proposition
of Oldenburg submitted the following proposal :
" That, as the patent of the 25th September,
1859, and the financial law of July, 1860, must be
considered as illegal—they not having been
sanctioned by the Estates—Denmark should be
summoned to make a declaration within six
weeks in reference to her fulfilment of the Pro-
visorium, in conformity with the resolution of the
Federal Diet of the Bth March, 1860; and that,
in the event of her non-compliance, federal
execution should be declared against Denmark."

CONSTANTINOPLE, JAN. 12.
General Klapka is in the Principalities preparing
for a rising in Hungary. The Danube is now
closed by ice. The arms brought by the Sardinian
ships are to be landed in Montenegro, whence
they will be despatched to the Banat. The trials
at Beyrout have been concluded. The Druse
prisoners were sentenced to death, and the
Turkish to exile. The Hasne Tavilis have declined,
but the rate of exchange has risen.

MARSEILLES, JAN. 17.
Three vessels coming from Gaeta and Messina
returned last night to Toulon.
The Fontenoy alone remains off Gaeta.

THE CALCUTTA, CHINA, AND AUSTRA
LIAN MAILS.

SOUTHAMPTON, FRIDAY.

The Peninsular and Oriental Company's steamer
Indus, Captain Weeks, has arrived with the above

mails.

The Indus brings 59 passengers, including Sir
Robert and Lady Peel and Lady Jane Hay.
She also brings £29,121 in specie.
On the 7th instant she spoke the Masilia and the
Valetta, on the Bth the Euxine, on the 9th the brig
Mary, of Whitby, on the 10th the steamer Merchant.
The British bark Mary Miller had gone ashore
off Gibraltar.

The steamer Euphrates broke her main shaft on
her voyage to Carthagena. She will be towed to
Liverpool by the Milan, from Gibraltar.
Upwards of 2,000 merchant vessels had been
detained nearly two months in the Mediterranean
by late westerly winds. They were liberated by a
strong Levanter on the 11th inst.
At Gibraltar exchange on London was quoted at
50 to 50}; on Paris, 529 ; on Marseilles, 529;
Genoa, 530 ; Madrid, Seville, and Valencia, at par.
Freights unaltered. •

FRANCE.

PARIS, JAN. 18.

A Toulon journal announces that Vice-Admiral
Charner, commander of the French naval station
in the Chinese Seas, has ordered back to France
the greater part of the vessels composing his squad-
ron.

BOURSE, Jan. 17.—There has been but a very
limited amount of business doing, and prices have
slightly receded, on a rumour that the Bank of
England have it in contemplation to make a further
rise in its rate of discount. For the Account
Threes are now at 67f 30e; Mobilier, 645 f;
Urleans, 1,367 f 50c; Northern, 95M; Mediter-
ranean, 898 f 75c; Austrian and Lombard, 465 f.
The following were the last quotations :

4f per per Cents ... 96 80 Credit Fonder 922 50
Do end month.... 96 75 ! Belgian 41 9B 25
3 per Cents
Do. end month 67 251 Roman
Bank Shares 2880 —1 Austrian
Credit Mobilier.... 656 25 , Spanish Threes 4B
Do. Account 653 75 ; Home Debt

THE WEST INDIA MAILS.

,b,

SOUTHAMPTON, FRIDAY.

The Royal Mail steamship Oneida, Capt. Bevis,
with the above mail has arrived. She brings
38 passengers and 394,335 dols. in specie. She
left St. Thomas on the 2d inst. and experienced
head winds and heavy seas throughout the passage.
The accounts from Barbadoes are favourable as
regards the coming crops, Exchange on London,
30 days, was quoted 4.90 dols.

The Camperdown and the Merrie England had
arrived at Demerara with immigrants from Calcutta.
Manufacturing operations were drawing to a close.

The crops generally showed favourable results,

The Jamaica markets exhibited no change in
prices. Exchange on London, 90 days, 1 per
cent. premium.

St. Thomas continues healthy. Affairs were
tranquil in Bolivia.

The political news from Valparaiso is unim-
portant. Business was dull. Exchange, 431 d. to
431 d.

AMERICA.

LONDONDERRY, FRIDAY

The Montreal Ocean Company's steamer Anglo-
Saxon, Captain Ballantine, from Portland on the
sth inst., has arrived here and landed all mails.
The Charleston Convention had passed a trea-
son ordinance making the levying of war against
the State of South Carolina punishable with
death. The same convention had passed an or-
dinance giving federal judicial power to the State
courts and Congressional power to the General
Assembly.
It was proposed to starve out the garrison of
Fort Sumter, and then to attack it on rafts. It
was determined to sink the revenue cutter Har-
riet Lane, if she entered the harbour of Charleston.
The Forts at Savannah and Mobile had been
taken by the State troops.
Advices from Washington, to the 3d instant,
state that the South Carolina ,Commissioners had
returned home, disgusted with the unexpected
attitude of President Buchanan.

A combination was on foot to take possession of
Washington, and prevent the inauguration of
Mr. Lincoln as President.

COMMERCIAL INTELLIGENCE.
NEW YORK, JAN. 4.
This being the day set apart for humiliation and
prayer all the markets were closed.
NEW ORLEANS, SAN. 3.
The cotton market is steady—sales, 8,500 bales;
middling, 114 c. to 12e.
(Latest by Telegraph.)

NEW YORK, SAN. 6.

News from Charleston states that Fort Sumter
had not been besieged. General Scott had ordered
all the available troops at Leavenworth to proceed
to Fort Mllenry, near Baltimore.
The City of Manchester and the Fulton have
sailed for Europe, the latter taking 17,000 dolls. in
specie. The stock market is 'dull. Illinois Central
791 ; Erie 38! ; New York Central 78!.
Great indignation was arising in the Free
States.

The cotton market is active, and firm. Middling
upland, 121 c.

Breadstuffs closed with an advancing tendency,
The provision market is steady.