The Sun.
London, England, 1861-08-20 00:00:00

Commence a' 7

EW THEATRE-ROYAL, ADELPHL-
A. Sole Proprietor and Manager, Mr. B. Webster.
111th Night of "The Dead Heart."
I ills EVENING, the great Adelpbi drama. THE DEAD
itEART. Messrs. E. Webster, J. .L. Took., Fisher, Billing-
ton, Eburne, Smith, Bowler; Miss Woolgar and Miss Kate
Kelly.

TO conclude with MR. GORILLA. Messrs. J. L. Toole,
P. Bedford, Billing,ton ; Miss Kate Kelly, Miss E. Thorne.
On Wednesday (TO-MORROM the Annual Benefit of Mr.
• Wm. Smith, Acting Manager, " The Flowers of the Forest,"
the Woman Hater," and "Perfection."
Doors open at hail past 6—Commence at 7.

R 0 YAL LYCEUM THEATRE.
Manager—Mr. Edmund Falconer.
THIS EVENING will be performed the new and original
Comedy, entitled WOMAN ; or, Love against the World.
Characters by Messrs. Walter Lacy, Addfson, Herman Vezin.
J. Robins, Mrs. Charles Young, Mrs. Weston, Miss Murray,
and Miss Lydia Thomson.
To conclude with the Farce of MAGIC TOYS. Valentine,
Miss Lydia Thomson.
Prices as usual. Doors open at, half-past 6, to commence at
7 Box-office open daily from 11 till 5.

CIANTERBURY HALL CONCERTS AND
N--/ FINE ARTS GALLERY.—SAI4I COWELL,' the
Prince of Comic Vocalists, will make his First Appearance
since his return to England on THURSDAY, the 29th
August. Admission—Hall, Bd. ; Stalls and Balcony, is.

r A NTERBUR Y HA LL CONCERTS,
AND FINE ARTS GALLERY.

-•
Two Grand Selections from Operas, including UN BALLO
TN MASCHERn, arranged and conducted by Mr. Jongh-
mans. Mr. Wood and his talented little Son. The extraor-
dinary comic duet, " The Nerves," by Harvey and French,
Mr. Marshall in " The Excursion to Brighton," "Selina
Sly," and " In the Park."
First appearance of Miss HARRIET COVENEY on
MONDAY Evening.
Admission—Hall, ad. ; Stalls and Balcony, Is.

T H E

O X F O R D,
The architectural
6,
beOX auFORD-STREET.
ty, elega of ornamentation, an
brilliancy of lighting of this noble nce
building, render it one of the sights of London. Open Every Evening. The pro-
gramme is varied, and includes Selections from "La Tra-
viati," " lin Ballo in Maschera," Arx., (by a full company of
principals, powerful band, and chorus). Solos by Miss Bryant
on the Piano Forte, and by Mr. Russell on the Trombone.
Old English Ballad, by Miss Green, Scotch Duets by the
Misses Stuart, and other vocal and instrumental music of the
highest order. Conductor, Mr. F. Jonghmans. The Comic
Rortion of the entertainment is supported by Messrs. M. P.
Foster (in his " Lite Sketches"), Sam Collins, Harvey, and
French (the Nerves), E. Marshall, and W. Randall. et!,
sixpenee ; Balcony and Stalls, one shilling. Private BOY CB,
10s. 6d.

HIGH WATER AT LONDON BRIDGE.
Tnis DAL—Morning, lh. 48m.—Afternoon, 2h. 10m
To-moanow.-Morning, 2h. 28m.—Afternoon. 2b. 48m,

IifITEWEATHER.—Sux OFFICE, AUGUST 20, 186
THERMOMETER, IN THE MAW!.
70—highest since noon yesterday.
51—lowest this morning and during the night.
(x—this day at noon.

BAROMETER-30.12.
WlND—West-North• Westerly—rather fresh ; with fine
weather.

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_ ;••

THE SUN.
►,v DON, TUESDAY, AUGUST 20, 1861.

We ought now to have the truth respecting the
Federal losses at Bull's Run. General IVI'DowELL's
official report has arrived; and as it has nothing in
it improbable, we may, we presume accept its state-
ment. As might be expected it is better than some
reports, and worse than others. He enumerates
as killed, nineteen officers and four hundred and
sixty men. The wounded are stated at one thou.
sand, the missing at twelve hundred. These are to
be sure somewhat round numbers, and are not-to be
received, therefore, as exact to a unit. The killed
and wounded are not more numerous than was
natural from the length of the contest even
at the distance of five hundred yards for
small arms, and a thousand yards for artil-
lery. The missing are no doubt chiefly
deserters, who had no inclination to renew their

acquaintance with an enemy's fire.
The stores captured must have been a great boon
to the South. Thirteen loaded provision waggons
was no trifle to men whom, we had learned, were
much in want of a dinner ; three thousand bushels
of oats were very acceptable to the cavalry, the
rumoured approach of which, with black riders,
proved so terrific on the 21st ; and the 2,500 mus-
kets will equip as many men who had been a short
time before testing the value of their fowling-
pieces for a field of battle. Above all, we may be
sure that the eight thousand knapsacks and
blankets made many a Southern recruit think himself
almost a monarch, in regard to soldierly wealth,
unless they ha,cl wonderfully improved their equip-
ments since Mr. RUSSELL'S visit to them. General
M'DOWELL says nothing of the lost guns ; yet
they must have been a greater gain to the South
even than a loss to the North. His army took
forty-nine guns into the battle, and of these twenty-
iire remained with the enemy. They are described
too as rifled brass field guns, the very class which
the enemy most needed. Indeed, the North has
quite set up many a Southern regiment with some
comfort or other, and has furnished their artillery-
men with deadly weapons for the next Bull's Run.
We are told now on all hands that matters in
the North are improving. The President has been
invested, as was needful
, with almost dictatorial
imwers ; especially in that all-important point the
nomination of officers, he •
Is now authorised to dis-
miss them at once, without even • •
inquiry. The
nuisance of nomination of important party ponti-
ians to commands had reached such a • h
rate , that
nothing hut the most decisive measures in regard
to officers, could insure the confidence of the men,
or prevent a second panic from the most trifling
cause. The last statement, and probably the true

one respecting the panic is, that it began
with a company of artillery rushing back in haste
to replenish their stock of ammunition, and that the
'nearest regiments, mistaking it for flight, turned
immediately, fled with precipitation, and communi-
cated the panic to others.

Of course the all-important question is, are hos-
tilities likely to be proTlonged We fear there is
no doubt of that. The South would not give in
after a victory; the N'orth would not, and could
not, after a defeat. The South has ridiculed the
North as cowards ; this first battle will not diminish
such taunts; and it 'is not in Northern nature
to endure them. Besides, the North will not
hear of secession yet .7 and to reunite, with the
character of chivalry 'on one side, and of runa-
ways on the other, would be merely a union to live
in perpetual domestic tit rife. The universal opinion
bow in the North seems: to be that it must be fought
out. They do not stem to doubt their power to
reclaim the wanderers, and they are more resolved
now, we
are told, than. ever, to use their power to
the utnioSt' By an 6,477 tentional mistake," it is said
Coad ngress h" -voted LINCOLN one million men, in-
ste of half lhat -nu) nber, if he likes to use them ;
and it is deterrain„4 that no means shall be
wanting to insure Nie
,ory next time. Then it will
he time enough to 'lf
what they will do.

name.

We have had all kinds of celebrated cases of late
Anything may now bring to a suciden close the years, but the last case at Bristol yesterday is one
passive resistance of the Poles, .
tiy
that
trecisely as any- that comes home to, or perhaps we should say goes
thing may terminate abrup
Course of non- abroad with, every family. The QUEEN V.
intervention upon which so many of the p
powers of MATHIAS. We know who the QUEEN is, but who
F.urope have adventured whi:e Nvatchinn,
is MATHIAS ? Why, Mr. MATHIAS is a gentleman,
15 the won-
derful rise and progress of the cause of Italian ' advanced in years, it seems, who had assaulted Mrs.
Independence. Ever since the' interview ,
0. the , MATS, and the QUEEN, as became her, took up the
Two Emperors at Villa/raw& tilt? fate of Italy has
t 'vase of Mrs. MAIS and indicts Mr. MATHIAS for

EA TR T!,, It OYA L, ff A ymARKE been trembling thus precarionsly in the balance.
Lessee, Mr. tr. !Pr ketquir. Austria ujiort one side—Trance upon the other-
-11113 EVENING, the rerlorrssanees win 00/lerile With IRE 13ALANCE OF COMFORT. Miss M. Oliver. the Reactionists in the centre of Italy sending their
After which, a new Comedy, entitled MY LORD AND
VIP LADY ; or, It Might have been Worse. Mr. C. Mathews, cassailis southwards—these and other causes of
Mr. Andrews, Mr. Buckstonc, Mrs. Charles Mathews, Mrs. disquietude have perpetually jeopardised the for-
Ate.
Followed by HE WOULD BE AN ACTOR. tunes of the Popular Movement, ever since NAro-
To conclude with a Ballet. BACIIUS AND ARIADNE. LEON 111 [the Liberator of Italy—rather let it be
miss annyWright, the Leclercqs,
THE CHRISTENING.
Mr Webster, .ha
said more accurately the Absorber into France of
Savoy and Nice] abandoned that magnificent pro-
' gramme set forth in the Milan Proclamation. It
has alone been the calm resolve of the population
which has guarded off the peril ever since then
threatening to put an end (beyond the frontiers of
Italy) to the policy of non-intervention. GARI-
BALDI'S magnanimous withdrawal to Caprera has
done much, of course, by depriving foreign nations
of any pretext for interference. CAVOUR'S
resolute persistence in his policy at Turin up to the
time of his lamented death, achieved, if possible,
still more. There is also a great deal owing, no
doubt, to the personal prestige of the "King of
ITALY" himself, the Re Galantuomo. But, above
all, the quiet, resolved bearing of the people, from
the north to the south of the Roman Peninsula—
that especially, that emphatically, has tended most
securely to forward the steady advance of
23,000,000 towards the consolidation of their poli-
tical independence. That attitude of the nation it
has been which has hitherto "held the hands," so
to speak, of those surrounding and observant
nationalities who have pledged themselves in
Italy's regard to a Policy of Non-intervention.
Yet, all the while—there cannot be a doubt of it—
that policy of non-intervention has been trembling
precariously, is still trembling precariously, in the
balance. This—for reasons, moreover, at once
internal and external. The Italians themselves,
remembering how it is that the northern part of
the Peninsula is divided from the southern, and
remembering also that the German soldiery still
hold armed possession of one of the finest provinces
of Italy (Venetia) still garrison the most formidable
cluster of the Italian fortresses (the Quadri-
lateral)—the Italians themselves remembering all
this for how can they ever cease to forget it"?) have
had before them, around them, in the midst of them,
perpetual incentives to the completion of their
but half accomplished war of independence. The
surrounding nations again, the very nations pledged
to the policy of non-intervention—have not they
also had many visible and appreciable incentives to
fling down once more the gage of battle and to cast
to the winds this very policy of non-intervention ?
Austria—to prevent the further consolidation of a
Power threatening the last remnant of her posses-
sions to the south of the Carpathians. France—to
enhance the military prestige of the Lower
Empire, to extend if possible her dynastic influence
to the goal towards which the MURATIST aspira-
tions are ever tending, above all to develop if prac•
ticable in the direction of Genoa or of the island of
Sardinia, or of both, that insatiable NAPOLEONIC
lust of territorial aggrandisement. The prudence
of the Italians, the caution of contiguous races
like the people of France, like the people of Aus-
tria—those chiefly, under Heaven, have been the
securities for the maintenance of the balance o
this still exquisitely-poised policy of Non-Inter.
vention.

And now, as to the passive resistance to which
he Poles, but especially the inhabitants of Russian-
Poland,havepledged themselves. That also has all
along been trembling in a state of absolute uncer-
tainty. The question there has been from thefirst—it
still is—the vital and momentous question, as to
whether the people of Poland, particularly the people
of Russian Poland, can by any possibility much longer
persevere in this course upon which they have so
wisely entered, yet one so difficult to pursue under
the circumstances, the course marked out for them
by the policy of passive resistance ! Their provo-
cations to break through it are so frightful and so
ever-present. Hitherto for the most part they
have throw aside those provocations. Yet at any
moment there may come—at some moment there
undoubtedly will come—a time when the term of
their long suffering will have been reached.
We have already premonitory hints of the
advent of this period—a period that we be-
lieve to be in truth at this present juncture
now fast approaching. Premonitory hints
they are that vibrate through Europe like those
precursive shocks of earthquake that herald the
possible outbreak of a volcanic eruption from some
apparently extinct crater—some crater, the cold
lava and ashes of which have been clothed
with the luxuriant vegetation of a century. Is
it rot precisely and literally thus with re-
gard to Poland at this time, particularly with
regard to Russian Poland ? Have we not had flashed
to us this very forenoon, through one of our latest
telegrams, one of the last and one of the most signi-
ficant of these premonitory symptoms, these vibra-
tions as of a corning political earthquake ? "Serious
disturbances," we read, have broken out at Kalisch !
And out of circumstances so trivial—the arrest of COTTON MANUFACTURES.—The astounding de
velopment of the British cotton manufactures of late years
an apothecary ! " Ctowds of people," the telegram probably surpassesh the
lconcfeptthions generally formed
exported
e
adds, " assembled and insulted the patrols." And
and
of
the
e cotton cotton goods
x 193,9 7 1 .
e
subject. Thus,
£16,254,000,1hu5, t
further—" A great number of women wearing the 4
national colours surrounded the colonel Three years later, in 1846, the totals had risen to £17,717,778
, and de- and £7,882,048. IrBessp2ecttivetly2;3,i2n,3l4B3429, tod £260,605741,605456; an. d
manded the release of the prisoner, which was £1817040,0£8297;,
51178,746 and £7,200,395 ; in 1858, to £33,421,843
n
thereupon granted. The number of people, how-
and £9,579,479 ; and last year to £42,141,505 and£9,870,875.
ever, gradually increased, and their attitude In the first half of. thelB years thhe vallu2e3olotohoeo(olxpordts
.of
became more threatening, until the whole gar- was
£34no, round
000,000, showing an increase of annearly
n
risen assembled under arms, and threatened to fire 48
per cent. in the latter period over the former. In tho
on the people. Numerous arrests have been
next 20 years, at this rateof
would
increase, Lancashire will re-
made." So ends the telegram. Brief though it is,
debt.
te as much
is worthy
much for her
ofwhile products
remark that, pay
off the national
the value of the
it is enough. It shows how bitter is the
popular
goods exported appears to have increased during the last
feeling just now throughout Russian Poland, even nine years 48 per cent., the quantity of the raw material
at a period when the people are pledged (so far as imported has increased 58 per cent., the difference being
human endeavour can be pledged under circum-
by
probably accounted for increased domestic consumption.
stances of such • terrible
provocation) to a policy THE "FEMALE BLONDIN."--The deficiency in
the arrangment of the rope across the Thames at Cremorne
an inc
of passive resistance! In spite of which
policy— having been remedied, the " Female Blondin" made her
incident so apparently trifling could lead to so
formidable and unpremeditated a demonstration, second attempt yesterday, and adnhd withlaat swueccekessnwamhieclh,ftuhllayt
tdemonstrated
urtehwe
as in theeapy us
liances. There had beyen, as
While we are yet musing over these last sinister our readers will remember, a want of specific gravity in the
intimations from Kalisch—it is profoundly interest- rope to compensate the specific levity of the rope-walker.
ing, we may, without any exaggeration of phrase, tOhnee
p ourhlmieormeinofdtwheasginey! had been found missing; so gust
go so far even as to say, it is Profoundly
the
announced to bo right, and the anxious gaze of thousands
g, to turn or a while this at imminent crisis in the at once perceived in its proper place underh thhe reoxpheib`i‘taien;:t.
ooftheekrt juyan."
hoTarheeadralrieinrgtheaqnsu
history of Poland to that masterly epitome of her
on the figan
rst occasion. She
sufferings during the chief part of this last century stood forth in the light of the declining sun, her gold-em-
-that eloquent and touching record of her wrongs
broidered dress and white pole gleaming refulgently. Her
and of her woes, which will be found expressed progress was firm, and at times rapid, the whole distance
elsewhere in our im being traversed in seven minutes, which would not have
pression of this evening in the been slow walking under ordinary condition of crossing the
address delivered yesterday to his exiled comps-
Thames by way of bridge. So steadily indeed was the feat
triots,by Major CHARLES SZULCZEWSKI in honour
performed that there is nothing to be said of it but that it
was well done. The river was at law tide, so that a great
of the memory of Prince ADAM CZARTORTSKI,
(p)art jsetued existed—which as over
are be
ng
beds of IfanL, dangerdot
From the date of the recent close of the pro
se the great firmness and courage of
t a
eing fall h
exiy inclined
the performer—the
-
tracted life of that illustrious and venerable
results arisig from an acci
Prince and Patriot, the. Future History of the Poles, snore
seriousn by this succirch umstancdeent would have been much
.
we doubt not, will show to have mysteriously An actor of the i
name of V ernet, formerly of the
sprung forth new and brighter hopes for the three ThaAre des l'arhijtiel.n3,wnho had been twoui
syeeiadresyinesttheredLauny
b;
a
divisions ofPoland—Russian,Austrian,andPrussian.
tic Asylum. at Carto
Already in Russian Poland we are satisfied there is
hanging himself
by
his 'bracescommitted
to a nail in his chamber. lie
was no relation even now kindling the flame of the reviving lade- to the celebrated comedian of the same
pendence of the whole Polish nationality.

We regret to announce the death of M. Agnado,
Marquis de las Marisrnas del Guadalquivir, which took
place on Friday last at his residence in the Rue de la
Ville-l'Eveque.

M. Juillerat, President of the Consistory of the
Reformed Church of Paris, has been promoted to the rank
of Officer in the Legion of llonour ; and M. Vermeil, one of
the pastors, nominated to that of Knight.
The French Prefect of Police has fixed on the Ist
September for the opening of the shooting season in the
department of the Seine. It will also commence on the
same day in the departments of the Seine-et-Oise, Seine-
et 'Marne, Seine-Inferieure, and Eure.

the assault. No tale of horrors, however, hangs
thereby—only a tale of a PERAMBULATOR—and
of a very little one. The assault was a genteel
touch on the shoulder of Mrs. MA'S, such
as the Sergeant -at Arms gives a member
of the House of Commons, by way of indicat-
ing that he used force ; and Mrs. Mais was
thus admonished that Mr. MATHIAS expelled her,
perambulator, child, and all from a pathway on
which the lady was wheeling the child. Mrs. Ma's
was, however, it seems, too brisk for the old gentle-
man : she took up the perambulator, it was a basket
one, the babe in it, and marched in triumph over the
disputed ground. Now, as the facts were not denied,
and the magistrates thought it really involved a ques-
tion of right, they would not proceed as they do with
poachers, whose cases they could settle with a tithe
of the evidence now brought forward, but directed
a trial before a superior court, and the QUEEN was
to take the place of Mrs. Mikis.
Oar readers must really turn to the trial itself.
It resolved itself into the great question which
thousands of mothers and nursemaids have resolved
long before it was taken in hand by learned counsel
before Mr. Justice BYLES—whether perambulators
were a nuisance or not in a pathway. It ap-
peared that the public had a right to a path-
way four feet wide across this property
much to the annoyance of Mr. MATHIAS.
Still, annoyed or not, that much seemed clear. But
then there was no right of way for horses and for
carriages ; proof was furnished that means had
been used to prevent their going along the path—
but what of a perambulator ?—was it a carriage
or not ?—was it a nuisance or not ? It was pleaded
that it was nothing of an obstruction compared with
crinoline ; and this special little perambulator
being produced in court, and like a witness in Ire-
land placed on the table to give its evidence, con-
vinced all that it was nothing against crinoline—it
was only about one-sixth of the diameter of a lady's
present dress. The two QUEEN'S Counsel, Mr.
KARSLAKE and Mr. M. SMITH, discussed the matter
along with the Judge ; and the point came to be
apparently whether, as the size could not be a nui-
sance, the wheels were not so. The defend-
ing Q.C. contended that it was a serious
obstruction to meet, but the Judge thought
a lady in crinoline would be a much
greater—the more gallant Queen's Counsel would
rather meet the lady; but he forgot, surely, that
there was always a lady of some grade in the world
with the perambulator, and that her crinoline,
whether maid or mistress, always far outflanks the
poor little perambulator.
Well, the Judge charged very learnedly, but do
the best he could, he could not make the question
of fact clear to the twelve men who had been sworn
to deliver a faithful verdict. Nor is this to be
wondered at when after enumerating many things
which could hardly be excluded from a footpath,
he added, "the line to be drawn was so fine that he
believed no man in England was wise enough to
determine it,"—small consolation this to the poor
men who were all expected to be wise
enough to make up their minds on the matter. As
might be expected, they return into court non-
plussed. Then said the Judge, further, " I can't
help it; you must be locked up." "What ! and no
beds ? " " No, nothing but what is in
the room. " There they must sit, lie, or
stand as long as they like to settle the
question of course by folly, since the Judge had told
them no man was wise enough to settle it. The
jury did not like, however, to incur the reputation
of fools—so at length by consent they were let out,
retaining their credit for average wisdom.
And so ends the Great Perambulator case, tried
at the Bristol assizes, before Mr. Justice 13YLEs.
One piece of advice the Judge gave Mr. MATHIAS,
which, we should think, the only law applicable to
perambulators. Since no wisdom can decide whe-
ther they be a nuisance or not—" in passing
through the world—observed his lordship—
to avoid the angles and corners of the passages, no
policy was wiser than for a man not to stand too
strictly on his rights—if he did he would be in hot
water all his life"—now that is about the wisdom,
what ever may be the law of the whole affair ;
so we hope Mr. MATHIAS left the Court
at least a wiser man. What indeed
could the old gentleman be thinking of to set him-
self against an ordinance of the ladies. If they and
their nursemaids mean to driveperambulators along
our pavements and paths how could he think of at-
tempting to coerce them? Why, if he had got the day
fifty perambulators would have ran along his path
and over his toes next day. He would have been
perhaps knocked down by their wheels and brushed
away by the crinoline. It is a mercy for him he
did not beat, and our parting advice to Mr.
MATHIAS is, not to fight again with perambulators,
he will fare worse than his predecessor did with
the windmill.

THE7SUN,- LONDON, TUESDAY EVI3NINO,