The Sun.
London, England, 1861-01-30 00:00:00

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4;"
--).! vernment, publishes the text of Lord John Russell's

despatch to Berlin, tendering the Danish proposals
for the settlement of the Schleswig and Holstein
business. Lord John Russell writes as follows :

piacE 4D. STAMPED, SD.

"As the Danish Government is animated by a
sincere desire to put an end to the difference that
unfortunately has so long subsisted between Den-
mark and the Germanic Confederation on the sub-
ject of the Duchy of Holstein, it has resolved on
making a fresh effort to attain that wished-for re-
sult.

Sergeant-Major Sainsbury consisted of a handsome
and costly gold watch. The testimonial to Sergeant
Oates consisted of a purse of sovereigns. Both pre-
sentations, the subscriptions for which were en-
tirely confined to the officers and members of the
corps, were suitably acknowledged, after which
Capt. Magnus submitted a proposal to the meeting
for the formation of a cadet corps in and for Sheer-
ness and the Isle of Sheppy. The suggestion met
with great favour, and a resolution was unani-
mously adopted in furtherance of the project.
On Friday the 7th company of Isle of Wight
Volunteers, consisting of detachments from Cowes
and Osborne, assembled at the Prince of Wales Inn
East Cowes Park, and marched from thence (headed
by their band) to Newport, where they were enter.
tained by their commanding officer, Capt. Graham.
It was the fist time the whole company mustered
in their fatigue dress, dark green (serge) blouse,
and cap of the same, no peak. Notwithstanding
the bad weather not 20 out of nearly 100 effectives
were absent.

" The Danish Government is convinced that it
would be a useless attempt, under existing circum-
stances, and with the irritation now prevalent in
Holstein, to aim at establishing, once for all and
definitively, the constitutional position that Duchy
is to assume in the Monarchy ; and that, conse-
quently, it is necessary to prepare the way by a
temporary arrangement for a definitive one, which
will gain time to allow of reflection and of over-
tures to the two Powers directly interested—the
Provincial States of Holstein and the Danish Go-
vernment. _

"Forthis purpose the Danish Government is
ready to adopt the following modifications in the
actually existing state of things :
" The consultative vote conferred on the States
of Holstein by paragraph 2 of the Royal Patent of
the 23d of September, 1859, shall be changed into
a deliberative vote, so that no law, whether corn-
cerning individuals or property, shall be put into
force in%Holstein without the assent of the States
of that Duchy. It is to be hoped that the common
interests of the Supreme Council and of the States
of Holstein will lead to an understanding between
them on the subject of matters submitted to their
discussion. But if, in spite of reiterated efforts
from the Government, misunderstanding should
continue to prevail between the two Assemblies in
reference to business too important to be remitted
to a more distant epoch, the Danish Government
binds itself on the part of the Monarchy, on the
Assembly of which it has imposed a precise rule,
not to carry out that rule, and to limit its action to
that part of the Monarchy whose Assembly has
approved it.
"In order to bring about an-undtrstandin be-
tween the different parties in the two ,
it' might perhaps be necessary to adopt special
measures—as, for instance, the appointment of
a committee of an equal number of members for•
both Assemblies. However, without going into
details on that point at present, it must be observed
that the Danish Government will abstain from all
intermixture in the decision come to by either of
the Assemblies.
"As regards financial arrangements, the amount
that the finances special to Holstein shall have to
pay towards the common expenses of the Monarchy
shall be fixed once for all at 850,000 thalers—the
sum that has been paid by the Duchy on an average
of the last six years. So long as no augmentation
of that sum shall be necessary, the States of Hol-
stein shall exercise no control over its employ ; but
if the necessities of the State should require an
increase in the financial resources, the augmenta-
tion of the sum fixed may be imposed on the
finances only by a Royal ordinance, after the pre-
vious free approval of the States.
"The Prussian Government will doubtless recog-
nize in the preceding propositions the spirit of
conciliation by which the Danish Government is
animated, should these measures be carried into
execution, the States of Holstein will de facto exer-
cise on measures concerning the Duchy the same
control as that which the Supreme Council possesses
over measures interesting other portions of the
Monarchy ; and it is therefore to be hoped that this
plan, when presented at Frankfort by the Danish
Ministry, will meet with the support of Prussia.
" But the Danish Government is ready to go still
further on the path of conciliation. Undoubtedly
it cannot and will not allow of any right in Ger-
many to intermeddle in the affairs of Holstein. All
the concessions that may be made to that Duchy
must proceed exclusively from the free pleasure of
the Danish Government, and cannot be considered
as giving to the Diet any authority in Schleswig.
" As a proof of the kindly sentiment with which
the Danish Government is animated, and of its desire
to do away with some of the inconveniences that,
have excited complaint, it is ready, on the condi-
tion that the Diet gives its approbation to the above
stated temporary arrangement for Holstein, to
introduce the following modifications into the laws
at present in ,force in Schleswig :-
6' 1. The religious act of confirmation may be per-
formed in the language preferred by those in-
terested.

We are requested to state, in reference to the
shooting at the Victoria Rifle Ground on Saturday
last, that Mr. Arthur Fellowes has never shot at
Wimbledon, having been prevented by illness from
attending the meeting of the National Rifle Asso-
ciation in July last, neither has he the title of
" Honourable." Miss Coutts's prizes were shot at
Kilburn, subsequently to the Wimbledon meeting,
Herr Thomann taking the first, Mr. Fellowes the
second prize.

ZOBD BROUGHAM'S ACCOUNT OF THE
11Ye0k.E-TAX BATTLE OF 1816.

The Corporation of London took the lead in the
national expression of opinion against the Property
Tax. Their petition complained of the violation of
the solemn faith of Parliament—of the injustice,
vexation, and oppression of this tax—of the per-
tiality of taxing, in the same proportion, incomes of
a short duration, and those arising from fixed and
permanent property ; they acknowledged the de-
pressed state of the agricultural interests, but they
contended that the manufacturing and trading inte-
rests were equally depressed, and equally borne down
with the weight of taxation ; they finally called
for reduction in the public expenditure, and the
abolition of all unnecessary places, pensions, and
sinecures. It was not alone the anti-ministerial
party of the city that joined in the petition ; the
judgments of mercantile men against the continu-
ance of the tax were almost universal. The dislike
of the rural population was as fixed as that of the
inhabitants of towns. The battle against this te x
was one of the most remarkable examples of Par-
liamentary strategy that was ever displayed ; and
the history of the struggle has been most pithily
told by the leading tactician :—" On the termina-
tion of the war the Government were determined,
instead of repealing the whole income tax, which
the Act enforcing it declared it to be for and dur-
ing the continuance of the war and no longer,' to
retain one half of it, that is, to reduce it from ten
to five per cent., and thus keep a revenue raised
from this source of between seven and eight mil-
lions, instead of fifteen. As soon as this intention
was announced several meetings were held, and two
or three petitions were presented. The Ministers
perceived the risk they ran if the policy should be
and
deysaw
of continuedthe discussionvast impl
ef.toarnaeleenegf thdiosfptaitmeh.
time,
Accordingly, the Chancellor of the Exchequer gave
notice on the Tuesday for his motion on the Thurs-
day immediately following. The Opposition took
the alarm, and Mr. Brougham declared, on present-
ing a petition numerously signed from one of the
London parishes, that if 'the hurry now indicated
should be persevered in he should avail himself of
all the means of delay afforded by the forms of the
House. Lord Folkestone, one of the most strenuous,
and in those days one of the most active and power-
ful supporters of the popular cause, vigorously
seconded this menace, in which he entirely joined.
On the next day more petitions were flung in,
more discussions took place, and the Govern-
ment postponed for a week the introduction
of the bill. That week proved quite deci-
sive; for so many meetings were held, and so
many petitions sent up, that the bill was put off
from time to time, and did not finally make its
appearance till the 17th of March. Above six
weeks were almost entirely spent by the House of
Commons in receiving the numberless petitions
pouring in from all quarters against the tax, For
it was speedily seen that the campaign of 1802*
was renewed, and that the same leaders, Messrs.
Brougham and Baring, had the management of the
operations.
" At first the Ministers pursued the course of
obstinate silence. The Opposition debated each
petition in vain ; every Minister and every Ministe-
rial member held his peace. No arguments, no
facts, no sarcasms, no taunts, could rouse them ; no
expression of the feelings of the country, no refer-
ence to the anxiety of particular constituencies,
could draw a word from the Ministers and their
supporters. At length it was perceived that their
antagonists did not the less debate, and that con-
sequently the scheme had failed in its purpose of
stifling discussion. The only effect of it then was,
that ail the debating was on one side, and this both
became hurtful to the Government in the house, and
more hurtful st;11 in the country. They were
forced into discussion, therefore; and then began a
scene of unexampled interest, which lasted until
the second reading of the bill. Each night, at a
little after four, commenced the series of debates,
which lasted until past midnight. These were of
infinite variety. Arguments urged by different
speakers : instances of oppression and hardship
recounted. ; anecdotes of local suffering and personal
inconvenience ; accounts of the remarkable passages
at different meetings ; personal altercations inter-
spersed with more general matter—all filled up the
measure of the night's bill of fare ; and all were so
blended and so variegated, that no one ever per-
ceived any hour thus spent to pass tediously away.
Those not immediately concerned, Peers, or persons
belonging to neither house, flocked to the spectacle
which each day presented. The interest excited
out of doors kept pace with that of the spectators;
and those who carried on those active operations,
showed a vigour and constancy of purpose, an un•
wearied readiness for the combat, which astonished
while it animated all beholders. It is recounted
of this remarkable struggle, that one night towards
the latter end of the period in question, when, at a
late hour, the House having been in debate from
four o'clock, one speaker had resumed his seat, the
whole members sitting upon one entire bench rose
at once and addressed the chair—a testimony of
unabated spirit and unquenchable animation, which
drew forth the loudest cheers from all sides of the
House.

" 2. Private education is permitted, on condition
that the usual public examinations shall be sub-
mitted to.
" 3. A complete amnesty shall be granted for all
political offences, and individuals under sentence
shall be reinstated in their political rights.
" 4. Assemblages and meetings of the inhabitants
of Schleswig and Holstein, provided they have no
political object, shall be allowed, with the condition
that they shall not take the title of a Schleswig-
Holstein meeting.
" Such are some of the measures that the Danish
Government will be ready to introduce forthwith,
and it will hereafter consent, perhaps, to several
others in addition.
" It is now for the Prussian Government to judge
if there be not here matter sufficient to smooth the
road toward an understanding between Germany
and Denmark, and if it would npt be prudent on
the part of the former, in the critical position in
which Europe now is, to profit by the conciliatory
sentiments that influence Denmark, to put an end.
to a question that has been so long pending."

"At length, came the 17th of March, the day
appointed for the division ; but it was soon found
that this had been, with the debate, wholly'antici-
pated. The usual number of petitions, and even
more, were poured thickly in during some hours ;
little or no debating took place upon them ; un-
usual anxiety for the result of such long continued
labour, and such lengthened excitement, kept all
silent and in suspense ; when about eleven o'clock,
Sir William Curtis, representing the City of Lon-
don, proceeded up the House, bearing in his arms
the petition, which he presented without any re-
mark, of the great meeting of the bankers and
merchants, holden in the Egyptian Hall, and signed
by 12,000 persons.t The division took place, after
a debate that did not last half an hour; no one
could indeed be heard in an assembly so impatient
for the decision; and by a majority of 37 voices the
tax was defeated for ear, and the wholesome prin-
ciple, as Mr. Wilberforce well observed, was laid
down.
ewr n. 0
uwargt a
,ann,
sd incomepeech
et
sax, arein
twr
oe
dd
,clw.entdio tno,
sgc
t tso.
Speeches on Agricultural and Manufacturi g "
tress, vol. 1, p. 425.

'poke with
t
TT
hh
ies
is resistancea
niis
ttaokteh. e Ordsir eivr ini iEX 0 iu.
r— ii isi
s
great emphasis :—" lie was present in the House when the
tax was first proposed, and he heard Mr. Pitt declare that
it should be a war tax only, and should positively cease on
the restoration of peace." The diNision did not take place
till the 18th.—K.

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