The Sun.
London, England, 1859-10-15 00:00:00

Oct.

P. C.
91,250,000 0
91,250,000 0

c.
Capital of the Bank 91,250,000 0
Ditto, New
Profits in addition to Capi-
tal (Art. 8, Law of June
9, 1857) 1,510,527 65 1,510,527 65
Reserve of the Bank
New Reserve
Ditto in landed property 4,000,000 0 4,000,000 0
Notes in circulation .. 700,433,675 0 702,079,175 0
Bank-notes to order.. 6,478,032 55 6,513,987 30
Receipts payable at sight 9,104,653 0 8,541,050 0
Treasury account current -
creditor
Sundry accounts current 178,708,082 69 182,801,473 11
Ditto with branch banks 30,614,144 0 30,122,149 0
Dividends payable 1,186,331 25 893,610 25
Discts. sundry interests 1,976,734 42 2,821,135 44
Commission on deposits 4,949,782 18 7,127,429 42
Re-discountediihe last six _

months
Surplus of paid .up bills
Sundries

1,751,105 5
4,865,936 93

1,757,105 5
3,707,583 22

Total 1,355,091,852 44 1,343,084,347 41
CREDITOR.

Sept.

Oct.

r. cr. r. c.
Cash in hand
Cash in the branch banks. 365,053,103 0 307,866,209 0
Commercialitills overdue. 622,804 17 606,025 43
Commercial -bills. dis-

counted, not yet due 201,403,006 58 216,934,821 79
Do. in the branch banks .! 239,639,429 0 258,338,825 0
Advanced on deposit of
bullion.
Do. by the branch banks 637,400 0 894,800 0
Do. on French public secu-
rities
Do. by the branch banks 13,116,500 0 13,960,900 0
Do. on railway securities 43,848,600 0 49,975,500 0
Do. by the branch banks 31,501,450 0 32,833,700 0
Do.on Credit Foncier Scrip 654,600 0 730,700 - 0
Do. on branch banks Scrip 397,500 0 415,700 0
Do. to the State on agree-

ment of June 30, 1848 65,000,000 0
Govern. stock reserved 12,980,750 14
Do. disposable
Hotel and furn. of Bank
Landed property of branch
banks 6,716,012 0
Expenses of management 835,065 15
Sundries 1 4,491,315 92

6.5,000,000 0
12,980,750 14
52,198,332 18
4,000,000 0
6j719,150 0
1,247,850 81
5,741,602 20

Total 1,355,091,852 44 1,343,081,347 41

INDIAN ADMINISTRATION.

In a pamphelt just published by Mr. M. H. Court,
of the Bengal Civil Service, we find the defects of
our Indian Administration in the chief Presidency
so clearly displayed that we invite general atten-
tion to an exposition which not only, elucidates the
past, but conveys good advice for the future. ". As
Sir John Lawrence, after examining the records of
the rebellion, has express,-d his conviction that it
was really due to a religious panic, and to no other
cause, we must consider that question substan-
tially at rest; but it is plain, nevertheless, that cer-
tain actual grievances produced their effect on the
native mind, and that among these the constitution
and operation of the civil courts held a prominent
place. The King of Delhi's proclamation, as Mr.
Court observes, could allege no real instance of re-
ligious tyranny, but it could and did point to our
administration of justice as a legitimate provoca-
tion to revolt. After the survey comprised in the
pages before us, we era certainly not surprised.at
his Majesty's argument, for, with the best inten-
tions, and with a purity of dealing far greater than
India has known under any other rule, we seem to
have selected for use the system of all others least
applicable to the habits of the people.
The Hindoo, like all Asiaticg, prefers the per-
sonal authority of a ruler to the abstract authority
of law. He is not insensible to the difference be-
tween justice and injustice ; but justice, to satisfy,
his views, should be rendered promptly and sum-
marily, at the discretion of a powerful or even
arbitrary court. Each case should be tried after the
primitive models—on its own merits, rather than
the ordinances of a civil code. We di: covered the
exact analogy of this sentiment in our military ad.
ministration, where it was found that natives were
best commanded by a single officer invested with
absolute authority, and -entitled-----in -their, eyes:= to
supreme and unqualified respect. There was another
point, too, on which it behoved us to exercise ex-
treme solicitude. In India great importance at-
taches to the possession and transmission of landed
estates. Though the property of the soil vests ulti-
mately in the Supreme Government, yet generations
after generations will occupy the same estates, some-
times in the persons of noble and dignified land-
holders, and sometimes through the ancient incor-
porations of village communities. The loss of these
lands is more than a calamity—it is a species of
dishonour; and, what is more, it is seldom regarded
in popular esteem as a lawful infliction. The in-
habitants of a district do not acquiesce in the trans-
fer of an estate from the hands of an old family to
those of a money•lender, even though it be consum-
mated by course of law ; they sympathise with the
expatriated woprietor, and, if opportunity serves,
will assist him in regaining what they conceive to
be his rights. It happens, too, that the state of
Indian society gives frequent occasion to these local
revolutions. One class—that of the petty chiefs,
or, as wo should call them, the old country families
—indulges in expenditure with the improvidence
of genuine Milesians ; another—that of the money-
dealers—conducts - the business of usury with the
keenness of Jews. The result of these elements,
when allowed free scope for reciprocal action, we
need not describe. Finally, theft, which is a crime
elsewhere, is a profession in India, and in no coun-
try of the world is a strong and effective poliice
more absolutely indispensable. Such being the
people with whom we had to deal, what course did
we adopt ?
We ran directly counter to all their prejudices
and refused all their wants. We diluted the autho-
rity of our representatives by so many discrimina-
tions of duty ; we filtered it through so many
courts, and removed the tangible decision to so great
a distance, that the simple native could see no
justice at all. IVhat lie desired was some visible
protector, and this protector ho would naturally
have sought in the officer through whom he paid
his taxes or otherwise rendered the homage of a
subject. In old times he would have repaired to
the Rajah, or to the Committee of Five, by which
village disputes were settled on the spot, with no
other check than the instincts of right or wrong
implanted in'tlie breasts of the audience. As it
was, he had to seek out a native lawy,:r before he
could learn how to proceed at all ; by this agent
his case was purposely exaggerated, and after the
suit had been carried through all kinds of processes
except that of confronting the parties before an in-
telligent judge, he obtained a sentence at such a
cost of money and pistience as to fill him with di‘ -
gust. In short, instead of summary justice, we
gave him Chancery law. Our tribunals, as far as
European administration was concerned, were
neither corrupt nor negligent, but the procedure,
through the multitude of transfers and appeals, was
inexpressibly wearisome, and so large a scope was
left for the intervention of native agency that it is
impossible to say how far justice itself may not
have been perverted.

In the matter of landed property the case was
still worm The country gentleman, like the " real
gentleman" of a sister island, was usually in debt,
and when he was in debt he was at the mercy
of
the subtle and unscrupulous usurer. That func-
tionary would obligingly advance him money at his
needs, and with equal politeness would say nothing
about it afterwards. The debt would silently accu-
mulate at compound interest, till some fine morning
the amount was suddenly demanded, and payment
enforced. Against the cunning and deeply laid
schemes of the money-lender, well versed in the
practice of the Courts, the poor Zomindar had no
chance whatever, and the neighbourhood became
scandalised by the eviction of a popular proprietor,
and the substitution of a non-resident landlord,
who never showed himself except to get in his dues.
Sometimes a whole village community was dis-
possessed of its patrimony by similar means. A
money-dealer acquired the interest of some un-
th riftv member in the common property, established
a right of his own, commenced disputes about
boundaries, sued his neighbours and co-parceners,
exhausted their means, bought up their claims, and
at last, by dint of worry, intimidation, and chica-
nery, actually absorbed the entire estate. No won-
der these people occasionally turned against us in
the mutinies. We, it is true. had not robbed them,
but they considered they had been robbed unger our
rule. _

That the police in India is sadly indlicient most
people have heard ; that it could not, from its con-
stitution, be otherwise, few perhaps understand.
The best of its departments is that in the employ
and pay of the Supreme Government; the next best,
that maintained by the large towns; the worst of