The Sun.
London, England, 1859-11-02 00:00:00

FHE SUN, LONDON WEDNESDAY EVENING, NOVEMBER 2, 1850.

there are as many Reformers among the Tories
themselves as among the genuine Whigs.
Lord STANLEY, indeed, gave a somewhat diffe-
rent reason for this similarity of parties. Accord-
ing to him, extreme opinions of all kinds are at a
discount ; grievances have almost all been removed,
and no crop of new ones springs up in their place.
The old breach between the landed and the mer-
cantile and manufacturing interests has been effec-
tually and finally closed; and I believe that those
two great interests are more thoroughly identified
in sympathy and feeling than at any previous
period in our history. The masses are Conserva-
tive, because they are contented, and they will re-
main Conservative, for without them political agi-
tation is only a symptom and an effect of social
uneasiness ; they will remain Conservative as long
as the governing classes shall bear in mind, as I be-
lieve they will, that the true Conservative policy
consists, not merely in checking agitation when it
has arisen, but in anticipating agitation by remov-
ing its causes."
We think there is a great deal of truth in this
representation of the lower classes. They are Con-
servative in the sense that they have always proved
themselves most accessible to Conservative influence.
Liberty has generally found her home and her de-
fenders among the middle classes. The aristocracy
naturally uphold their own order and the Crown,
only as giving dignity to it. The middle classes
have nothing to gain from honours and titles, which
they can rarely show, or from hereditary privileges
not earned .by industry and merit ; they rely on
their own energy and skill, and need for their suc-
cessful exercise the freedom which they idolise.
But the lower and more helpless classes are dis-
posed rather to lean on the aristocracy than on the
class just above them—the class of their masters—
the class with which they are frequently in angry
conflict—the class which wants to buy their la-
bour as chesp as they can, while they want to sell
it as dear as they can. We should not be
at all surprised if, under the Ballot, many of our
manufacturing towns, if the suffrage were also
extended, would return Tories. The agricultural
aristocracy, miserably as the labourers on their
estates are paid, have generally assumed to be the
manufacturing operatives' protector. To the coun-
try gentlemen, led by the then Lord ASHLEY, and
employing as their tool the redo.ubtable BUSFIELD,
FERRAND, the ten hours' bills, and factory in-
spectors, and the fencing machinery, and every-
thing of that kind is due. The masses are Conser-
vative, Lord STANLEY says, when they are con-
tented ; we might almost say, when they are dis-
contented, too ; for often their greatest displeasure
was with the class immediately above them, quite
as much as with the higher classes. Chartism it-
self frequently allied itself with Toryism, so much
so as to cause suspicion that it was prompted in
many of its doings by Tories in disguise. But the
present state of things is plain proof enough that
when they are contented, because on the whole
earning good wages, they will care little to agitat e
on political questions.
Both Whigs and Tories will, however, do well
to ponder over Lord STANLEY'S closing remarks.
They know, indeed, its truth full well; yet how
slow they are to act upon it. At present our
governors have an opportunity, if they would but
use it, to anticipate political agitation, agitation
for Reform at least for many years to come ; and
with all the uncertainties of our foreign relations,
and of the course of trade before them, they cannot
tell when another such opportunity may occur.
Extensive enlargement of civil privileges may be
safely made at a time like the present, because they
would be used without excitement, and by the
time that causes of greater excitement ar-
rived, the people would already have become
accustomed to use them with comparative dis-
cretion and sobriety. The too general tendency of
Cabinets, however, is, to avoid concessions on the
most favourable terms, to be afraid to make them
at less desirable seasons, and then to find them-
selves obliged to surrender far more than they had
ever contemplated.

We are reminded by Lord DERBY of Wakefield
and Gloucester disclosures, and of Trades'_ Unions.
But he does not remind us that besides the stringent
means proposed by Lord BROUGHAM, there is the
plan against which his son, we believe, has never
voted, and to which he is supposed to be well in-
clined. The plan, which would not only neu-
tralize borough corruption, but would also make
the tenants of Lord DERBY, and the rest of the
aristocracy, Free and Independent Electors in
reality as well as in name.

the Marquis and Marchioness of Abercorn
have arrived at Chesterfield House from Brocket nail,
Herts.

The Earl and Countess of Craven arrived at their
mansion in Charles-street yesterday from Ashdown Park,
Berks•

The Earl and Countess of Lichfield are expected
in town in a few days from their seat, Snugborough Park,
Staffordshire.

The Countess (Dowager) of Lichfield and Lady
Gwendolena Auson have arrived at their residence in Hill-
street from Brighton.
Viscount and Viscountess Palmerston have en-
tertained the following company at Broadlands during the
past week :—His Excellency the Ambassador of France
and the Countess de Persigny, his Excellency the Prus-
sian Minister and the Countess Bernstorff, his Excellency
the Sardianian Minister, the Marquis and Marchioness of
Clanricarde, the Countess of Shaftesbury, Count Strzelecki,
the Right Hon. C. P. Villiers, Viscount Chelsea, Hon.
George Byng, Viscountess Jocelyn, Lady Wm. Russell,
Baron Malaret, the Right Hon. W. F. and Mrs. Cowper,
Mr. Borthwick, Mrs. Lane Fox, &c.

The Viscountess (Dowager) Ashbrook has left
Howchin's Hotel for Burton Hall, Lincoln, on a visit to
Lord and Lady Monson.

.Lady Stanley of Alderley and the Hon. Miss
Stanley have left Alderley Park, Cheshire, on a visit to the
Earl and Countess of Airlie, Cortachy Castle, N.B.

A marriage is arranged, and will shortly take
place, between the Rev. Charles William Frederick Ca-
vendish Bentinck, first cousin to the Duke of Portland,
and Miss Louisa Burnaby, youngest daughter of Mr.
Edwyn Burnaby,of Baggrave Hall, Leicestershire.

SADLER'S -WELLS.- he occupation of this
favourite theatre by the :present tenants will terminate at
Lady-day, 1860.
The Admiralty notify that in future all ships
engaged as transports, troop, and convict ships are to have
four of their boats fitted with Clifford's or Kynaston's
lowering apparatus. . _ .

AUSTRALIAN GOLD.—A few week ago we gave
the particulars of the finding of 2,400 ounces of gold in 10
weeks at the Australian diggings, by two young gentlemen
who went thither from the neighbourhood of Lancaster—
Mr. Watson and Mr. Latham. Among the names of the
cabin passengers lost with the unfortunate Royal Charter
we find that of Mr. Watson, who was coming home for the
purpose of being married to a young lady in Preston.—
Preston Guardian.

THE ROYAL CHARTER.—The rate of insurance
at Lloyd's on the specie by the Royal Charter was nomi-
nally 30 to 35 per cent. ; 40 has been paid for a small parcel
not contained in the bullion safe, but this is an exceptional
transaction. In the Underwriters' room are exhibited some
pieces of a broken gold-box, which is also believed not to
have been in the bullion safe. Some hope is entertained
that the latter will prove to be comparatively uninjured, as
the gold already found is thought to have been sums in the
private possession of passengers.
ALEXANDRIA AND CONSTANTINOPLE CABLE.—
A most extraordinary fatality attends the Alexandria and
Constantinople cable. Mr. Newell, who has just arrived in
London, has again failed in laying the link of cable which is
wanting to connect Alexandria with Constantinople. It ap-
pears he succeeded in laying the cable from Candia to
within about 70 miles from Alexandria, the deepest water
having all been passed over, when a flaw of insulation was
discovered, which compelled him to stop paying out. The
flaw was about 20 miles from the ship, and when the cable
was picked up to within about three miles of it, it parted in
about 1,500 fathoms of water.—China Telegraph.
SHOCK OF AN EARTHQUAKE IN CORNWALL.—A
shock of an earthquake was felt at Newquay on the 21st
inst., about 7.10. The sound resembled that of heavy-laden
waggons passing through 'a street. In many parts of the
place it shook the houses to an alarming extent, which
caused many of the inmates to leave their houses to inquire
what the strange sensation was. The easels that were
aground in the pier shook and trembled very much. The
earthernware and glass appeared in many houses to have
been set quite in commotion. The shock lasted for about
one minute. Such an occurrence was never remembered in
this place by the oldest inhabitant.—Cornwall Gazette.
Loss OF A GUANO VESSEL.—From information
received in Liverpool yesterday (Tuesday) it appears that
the ship Virginia, belonging to Messrs. James Beasley and
Co., was wrecked on Nantucket Island on May 16 last,
while on an expedition in search of gdano, and totally lost.
Fourteen of the crew remained on cho island until the 25th
of July, when they were taken off and landed safely at Ho-
nolulu on the 14th of August. Capt. Withers, the master
of the ill-fated vessel, with 9 men, comprising the remainder
of the crew, suffered great privations, having been 19 days at
sea in an open boat, after which they put in safely at one of
the Feejee Islands, whence they were conveyed to Sydney,
where Capt. Withers heard that the Royal Charter was at
Melbourne, about to sail for Liverpool. With the view of
reaching England he took a passage on bdard that vessel,
but was among the ill-fated passengers who perished in
Moelfra Bay.
COMMISSION OF LUNACY ON A CLERGYMAN.—
Yesterday morning Mr. Barlow, the Master of Lunacy,
assisted by a special jury, concluded the inquiry. (com-
menced on Monday) at the Horns Tavern, Kennington,
into the state of mind of the Rev. Stephen Lewis Wood-
cock, 8.A., formerly of Lincoln College, Oxford, a clergy-
man of the Established Church of England. The jury
unanimously returned as their verdict that Mr. Woodcock
was a person of unsound mind, and incapable of managing
himself or his property. The result of this verdict will be
the removal of the lunatic from Bethlehem Hospital to the
County Lunatic Asylum.
FATAL ACCIDENTS.— Yesterday morning the
coroner for Southwark received information;of the death of
William Brown, aged nine years, who resided at No. 37,
James's-street, New-cut, who was crushed to death by tho
wheel of a cart in the Borough-road.—Another fatal accident
occurred to Francis Roger, aged ten years, who resided in
Dunbar-yard, Drury-lane, and who was burnt to death by
his clothes taking fire.--A fatal accident also happened yes-
terday to J. Rouhble, aged 30 years, who resided in Duke-
street, Manchester-square. It appears the unfortunate
man was seized with a fit and fell into the fire. He was so
severely burned that he expired at St. George's Hospital,
whither he was conveyed.—An accident, likely to be at-
tended with fatal consequences, also occurred to George
Williams, aged 22 years, in the employment of Mr. Fisher,
currier, Grange-road, Bermondsey. The unfortunate man
fell into a vat of boiling liquor where the hides are scalded.
His cries brought assistance, when he was extricated and
taken to Guy's Hospital.
ALARMING OCCURRENCE IN HOLBORN.—About
half-past four o'clock yesterday a company of one of the
household regiments passed down Holborn, headed by a por-
tion of the band playing, which had the effect of frightening
a horse in a Hansom cab. The animal in its terror ran away
full speed down the hill, and just opposite to St. Andrew's -
court came in contact with a shopkeeper's dog-cart, which it
upset, killing the horse, and throwing two boys who were
on the seat upon the roadway, so as to severely injure one
of them, who had to be taken to the surgery of Mr. Gibson,
of 15, Holborn-hill, to have his m ound—a scalp one—
dressed. The driver of the Hansom and his fare, a gentle-
man, wore also a good deal shaken by the collision, but nei-
ther the vehicle itself nor the horse seemed to be hurt by it.
HEREFORD CATHEDRAL RESTORATION.—This
great work is still being steadily and satisfactorily pursued,
and the fabric will soon be more perfect and beautiful than
it has been for many long years. Since the last notice
appeared great progress has been made, but the Chapter
have almost gone the full length of their financial tether.
After 18 years' work, and the expenditure of nearly double
as many thousand pounds, they have borrowed money;
1.3,000 is the utmost sum they can raise in this way to be
repaid in 30 years, but much more will be required to ap-
proach completion of the proposed repairs. The restora-
tion of the north transept is approaching completion
externally. On the left side the lofty narrow windows are
glazed, and a number of circular shafts have been fixed
both inside and out. The spire on the north-west angle
is completed in the early decorated style. A massive
new coping has been placed on the northern gable, and on
the top is a stone cross of great beauty, 5 feet 4 inches by
3 feet 11 incho. and 1c) inches thick in the centre. The
external walls of this transept have been restored, and a
large portion of the scaffolding may be taken down before
the winter sets in. The tracery of the large window is in a
wretched condition, and the inner arch is shored up with
massive timber for the sake of safety. In the north side
of the fine old Ladye Chapel the beautiful arcading
which was very much advanced in decay, IS being simply,
but effectually repaired, a restoration of the pointed pin-
nacles being considered beyond the funds. Plain trian-
gular topes will therefore be substituted on the buttresses.
Preparations are now being made to resume work out-
side the south-east transept, and to fill in two large
windows facing the college with tracery. In the interior
little has yet been done beyond cleansing the walls. The
choir has just been boarded in, and joiners are engaged in
fitting together the preserved pieces of the extremely beau.
tiful bishop's throne and some of the other carved stalls. It
is hoped that the seats will before long be thrown open
freely and unreserved, and thus obviate many of the com-
plaints which have recently beezemade. The Chapter still
solicit subscriptions in aid of the work of restoration.
CORNWALLIS AND PITT ON THE DUKE OF WEL-
LINGTON.—The opinion of Cornwallis on the Duke of
Wellington is expressed in a letter to Sir John Shore
(Cornwallis Correspondence), so early as June 10th, 1796.
" Dear Sir,--I bog leave to introduce to you Col.lWellesley,
who is a lieutenantecolonel of my regiment. He is a sen-
sible man, and a Food officer ; and will, I have no doubt,
conduct himself in a manner to merit your approbation."
The Marquis Wellesley, in a letter addressed to the late
John Wilson Croker, and which was privately printed,
deta.lls an account of his last interview with Pitt,
then dying at Putney • Hill, in which Pitt said of
his brother Arthur, " I never met any military
officer with whom it was so satisfactory to con-
verse. Ho states every difficulty before he undertakes any
service, but none after he has undertaken it." The Mar-
quis, coming away from Pitt's death-bed, met Colonel
Shawe in the Park, and told him, in addition to the state-
ments in this letter, that Pitt congratulated himself on now
having found a General to pit against Napoleon Bonaparte,
—Once a Week,

SMOKING AND fiAntß OF THE LIP. —M. Bouis=
son, of Montpelier, according to the Medical Times, hits re=
to the 1, aifliction YBau.rtdicethoaft stmileofirnegat; inaenread rhekifltahites is due
bitted also to this the fact of his having Met a lager
proportion of cancerous affectioha of the lips during the
latter than during the former half of his prolonged siirL
gical career. M. Fleury, of Clermont, 1.8, however, of a
different opinion ; for, deploring equally with M. -Bouisson
the pernicious practice of smoking, he doubts whether ban:.
cerous affection of the lips is one of its effects. Between
1845 and 1855 he has operated upon 88 patients, 71 being
men, and 15 women, not one of these being less than 43
years of ago. Jrhey were all of the peasant class, Chiefly
from among the nrountaitui of Piiy-de-Domo and the
vicinity where smoking is almost wholly unpractised. It is
a remarkable ttot that the inhabitants of the surrounding
plains, and of the towns, where smoking prevails much
more, are almost completely free fropl the afeotio4l-,-,
•e
Medical Times.

THE ENGLISH CRICKETERS AT NEW YORK.--
The principal topic of conversation just now is the game
of cricket between the All England Eleven and the United
States Twenty-Two, now in progress at Hoboken. The
latter are nearly all Englishmen, but it is obvious they are
by no means a match for their brethren from across the
water. The playing of the Eleven is wonderful. Besides
being expert in all parts of the game, each one has some
speciality in which he excel's. Jackson, for instance, is a
terrific bowler, and throws the balls with almost the speed
of a cannon ball. Lockyer performs feats at the wicket
which would do honour to the Ravels, and so on with tlie,
others, whose familiarity with tossing, catching, and strik
ing the ball, amounts to sleight of hand. The weather hes
been magnificent for their purpose, and the attendance has
been immense.—ainteriean paper.

LATEST NEWS.

The following telegrams have been received a:
Mr. Reuter's office :

PARIS, Nov. 2.

The Moniteur of this morning contains the fol-
lowing :—" The Duke of Padua retires from the
post of Minister of the Interior on account of ill-
health, and the Emperor has named M. Billaut as
his successor.

" Their Imperial Majesties arrived last evening
at Compiegne, and were received with much cheer-
ing by the people."

MADRID, Nov. 2.

The staff of General O'Donnell will leave here
about the 3d or sth inst. Preparations are being
actively made in every branch of the War Depart-
ment for the expedition against Morocco.

DRESDEN, Nov. 1.

The Dresden journal asserts that England will
send a representative to the approaching Congress
without making any conditions.
The same journal says the Congress will in all
probability meet at Paris.