The Sun.
London, England, 1857-06-29 00:00:00

THE .RxVENUE.

The revenue accounts for the quarter will be
made up to Tuesday night next, the 30th inst.
There will be an increase of something like
300,0001. in the Customs as compared with the
corresponding quarter of last year. This favour-
able result is very much to be attributed to the
large quantities of teas which were kept over to
take advantage of the reduced scale of duties. Con-
sequently, the deliveries of tea were unusually
large in the mouth of April, and the duties thereon
form an exceptional increase, which will not occur
again until a similar drop in the descending scale
of duties shall take effect. In the meantime the
actual increase—where a deficiency was calculated
upon—shows that that the import duties continue
to exhibit a rising and a progressive 'tendency, in
spite of every reduction. The grain which paid ,
duty is much less than it was at the same period
last year. . , •
In the Excise, the expected deficiency from the
reduCtion of the duty on malt was calculated at
no less than from 800,0001. to 1,000,0001. The
actual reduction will probably not amount to one-
half of that sum. The whole decrease upon the
Excise will probably not be more than 400,000/.
This is all the more a matter of congratulation,
since a great portion of the balance of this amount
arises from the still increasing consumption.
The stamps and taxes exhibit a steady increase,
showing the progressive character of our commer-
cial relations, and the improved r,,venue derived
from the transfer and succession of land.
The falling off in the income-tax will be
much smaller than was expected, owing to the
reduction of the duty only having taken place
upon official salari4s, and upon the re-
cipients of interest in the public securities, which
were always collected closely—deducted, in fact,
from the payments made by the Bank. . Upon the
other schedules the tax was not collected so quickly,
and a great amount of the income tax due before
the Ist of April has only been collected in this
quarter.. The 16d. in the pound ceased on the Ist
of April, or dwindled to the old 7d. in the pound-
-the war 9d. being taken eff—but the effect of
the reduction will not tell upon the revenue fully
daring the greater part of the year, since the
1 arrears due and payable by the_ public ate of the
old 16d. rate. _ .. _ . ..

The whole deficiency will probably be less than
400,0001.—a sum far less than the large reduc-
tion of taxation would have led us to expect.--
01)server.

CRYSTAL PALACE.--tHALF CROWN DAY , Saturday,
June 27.—Admissions on payment. 2,689 ; ditto by
season tickets, 3,265: total visitors, 5,954.
THE ART TREASURES EXHIBITION.—The admissions
on Thursday; the half-era wn day, showed a slight falling
off. The returns were :—Admitted by season tickets,
3 620 ;on payment, 3,206; total, 6,826. Of these,
2,048 arrived by railway. The attendance on Friday
was not numerous, but especial interest was given to the
gathering by the attendance of the members of the
Historic Society of Lancashire and Cheshire, who as-
sembled to the number of 200 or more, from Liverpool,
Chester, Warrington and Manchester. Mr. J. C.
Deane has fitted up an anteroom to the private apart-
ment in which her Majesty is to be received, which is
handsomely furnished with tapestries, armoury, and
statuary. The whole arrangements are all that could
be desired for taste and elegance.
CRICA.GO AND EUROPE DIRECT.—Here are two para-
graphs worthy to be placed together. (From the Chicago
Press.) "The Lakes and the Ocean.—The good barque
Andrew Stevens lies in the river, almost ready for
sea, with the placard 'For Glasgow' conspicuously ex-
hibited in her rigging. She will make the trip both out
and return and will bring into our river packages
fresh from European markets. We learn that her bill
of return freightis already being made up to a consider-
able extent. It would seem to be an opportunity of
which our business houses interested would not be slow
to avail themselves. Messrs. A. Johnson and Co. de-
sire to interest the business community in this new
enterprise, and through their representatives' at Glas-
gow, Liverpool, and London, will make purchases of
British and foreign merchandise for parties here on the
most liberal terms," (From the Montreal Herald )
"Liverpool to Chicago Direct.—Yesterday theelschooner
Madeira Pet, of Guernsey, Captain Grange, a schooner
of about 120 tons, arrived here from Liverpool for Chi-
cago. She has on board a full cargo of 240 tons mea-
surement goods, consisting of steel, iron, crockery, and
paints. She made the passage in 35 days and received
for freight 3601. sterling. Hence upwards and till her
return to Montreal her freight will be at the current
rates per month for ships of her tonnage."
(ADVERTISEMENT.I SPORTSMEN AND GENTLEMEN ; OF THE
ARMY AND NAVY. —S. and B. Solomons, opticians, 39, Albe-
marle-street, Piccadilly, West. Observe—opposite.the York
Hotel.—Portability, combined with great power :in Field,
Racecourse. Opera, and general out-door day and night
powerful waistcoat pocket Perspective Glasses, ; weighing
only four ounces, each containing 12 and 18 lenses, con-
structed of German glass, will show distinctly a person's
countenance two and a haif and three -miles. They serve
every purpose on the race-course, and at the opera honses,
country scenery; and ships aro clealy seen at 8 to 10 lines.
They are alga invaluable for shooting, deer-stalking, and
yachting. Single ones, the size of a walnut, possessing,the
same great power. Her Majesty's Coast-Guards are making
use of them as day and night glasses, in genera wr by ger,
Comm, of the Army and Navy, and by sportsmen, gentlemen;
gamekeepers, and tourists. The most powerful and brilliant
telescopes, possessing such extraordinary "pbwar that me,
three and a-half inches, with an extra astronomical eye-pitehcee
will show distinctly Jupiter's moon's. Saturn's ring, and d
double stars ; with the same telescope can be seen a person
countenance three-and-a-half miles distant and an
and
object
from 14 to 16 miles. All the above can be bad of Largos
all sizes, with increasing posers, and are secured by
Tier Majesty's Royal Letters Patent. Newly-invented Spec-
tacle Lenses of the greatest transpasent power. The valu-
able advantage derived from this invention is, that vision
becomes preserved and'strengthened; very aged persons are
enabled to employ their sight at the most minute occu
can see with these lenses of a much less magnifying power
—and they do • not require the frequent- changes to the
dangerous effects of further powerful assistance. Persons
can be suited at the mod:remote part of the world by send-
ing ono of the glasses out of their spectacles in a letter, and
stating the diet aice from the eye they can read small print
with it, and those who have not made use of sp
stating their ago. Deafness.—A newly-invented instrument
ectacles by
for extreme cases of deafness, called. the Sound Magnifier,
Organic Vibrator, and invisible Voice Conductor. It fits so
into the ear as not' to be in the least perceptible; the unplea-
sant sensation of singing noises in the head is entirely re-
moved It affords instant relief to the deafest persons, and
enables them to hear distinctly at church and at public assein-
blies. 391 Allaemarle-street, pieoadiny.—Opposite the York
Hotel.

- ' (Front as Times)
:he details of the Indian • teitiny, as given by
our correspondents at Bembey. and Calcutta, from
the number-of compensating incidents seem st me-
what less „farming than was the bare telegraphic
despatch. The movement is likely to .be confined
to Delhi, and troops were marching from every s'de
against the town. Meerut has been entirely de-
livered from the mutineers. In the Punjab Sir
John -Lawrence had taken every precaution, and
was ready to trample out the first spark oareason.
The Lieutenant-Governor of the North-West Pro-
vince had placed the districts of Meerut arid Delhi
under martial law. The Commander-in-Chief was
at Uruballa with the Queen's 75th Regiment, the 9th
Lancers, the Ist Fusiliers, two regiments of Native
'lnfantry, and two troops of European Horse Artil-
lery. At Meerut he would find reinforcements,
end with his augmented force; would advance on
Delhi. In the meantime troops were"advancing
from Agra, and the Rajahs of Bhurtniori'; Gwalior,
and Putteeallah, with their tributary Princes, were
sending in their contingents. It is therefore pro:
bable that the next mail will bring news of the sup-
pression of this dangerous outbreak and the con-
dign punishment of the offenders.- . Nor will the
severest retribution wh ch it is in the -power of
Military law to inflict be_ toe severe for the treacher-
ous bands which have thus added murder to
mutiny and rebellion. At Meerut the 11th and
20th Regiments-of -Native Infantry and the 3d
Cavelry murdered every officer on whom they could
ray hands. At Delhi it is supposed that Mr.
Fraser, the CommisSioner, has fallen, with many
others, men, women, and children. The list of
fugitives is given in another place. - The most re-
assuring intelligence is, that the mutiny has not
affected the troops in other stations.- At Agra the
native soldiers stood by the Lieutenant-Governor.
At Lucknew, a tendency to revolt was clicked by
the firmness of Sir Henry Lawrence. 4.t Benares
and throughout Bengal all wa-s quieter!' So stand
matters for the present. ... -
Now, at the riskeofebeing thought to prophesy.
after the event, we cannot help 'saying that 'a tu-
mult like. this ought -to excite little surprise. The
progress of things speedily sets 'aside false or insuf-
ficient surmises, and. -the.-notion that the discon-
tent was confined to only one or two regiments,
and arose from trifling and local causes—the
greasing of a cartridge or the imbecility of certain
officers is now shown to be inadequate for the
explanation of what has . occurred. The mutiny
has no't been confined to one body of troops or
one 'locality. At Meerut two regiments of
Infantry and one of Cavalry have mutinied ;
retreating to Delhi, they were joined by three
other Native Regiments, and committed the atro-
cities of which we have now received the' detailed.
account. At Ferozepore, higher up in our north-
west territory, a similar spirit showed itself. The
disturbances beginning with the Hindoos have ac-
tually ended m placing; on the throne of Delhi a
Mahomedan E uperor, and the fever, has. gone on
to seize the distant garrisons of what -were lately
the Sikh States. A. movement so universal and so
independent of conditions and circumstances must
have its root in feelings which the prejtudiees of
religion or the neglect of a proper supervision may
indeed have strengthened, but which they
e mild hardly have produced. - .The fact teems
to lie that -we have arrived at that point in our
Indian career when the total subjection of the
native element and the orgenisation of all that we
-have conquered become a matter of necessity. We
have gone so far in the conquest of tilts:country
that -it is now necessary to complete-the task.
What we have done is too much, , and yet not
enough for, tranquillity. A hundred' years ago,
when the disaster of Fort William was avenged, a
policy was begun which, excellently suited for the
time, has been continued into an age when it is
both meaningless and injurious. As England go-
verned her Indian settlements anomalously through
a company, so the company governs anomalously
a vast, 'complex, and often unintelligible native or-
ganisation. Indian rulers became our tributaries
or our pensioners; Indian territory which our
arms had conquered was mapped out among the
native potentates who had aided our cause or been
the instruments of our schemes. The arrange-
ments of the public service and even the
ordering of the army have been to a great
extent made to conform to Asiatic examples.
The tenure of land, the administration of
law, were altered by us less than they
would have been by any race of conquerors
that the world has ever seen. No doubt, all this
was wisely done, and it is easy to imagine that this
wonderful subjection of a sixth part of the world's
inhabitants has been effected chiefly by the tact
which knew how to establish the greatest amount
of power while wounding the least amount of pre-
judice. This system went on also very well while
the British dominion in India was still militant and
progressive. I:Tp to within the last few years the
habitual state of our Indian rule has always
been war. We have always had before us
the next . country which it was our destiny to
conquer. Although the succession of Governors-
General has, no doubt, furnished large-minded
men, philanthropic men, men Who saw the
future of Indit, and the duty of raising the
populations committed to their charge, yet
the immediate care of each has generally been
to guard a perpetually advancing frontier, and to
defray the expenses of large military establishments.
The best arrangement for the moment has always
been made with dethroned, or conquered, or ineffi-
cient Princes ; pensions have been granted, new
sovereiguties have been esfablished, or old ones
divided, without any purpoSe except the assurance
of immediate tranquillity and the easy possession of
of what had been latest gained. While this system
has grown up of dividing with native power the go-
vernment of the country, there has also been pretty
constant employment for the native armies, and an
understanding that their religion, their castes, and
their liberties ur prejudices of all kinds shall not be
interfered with.
But this system has had its day. Whatever may
have been the effect of the- unclean cartridges at
Barrackpore, there is one thing now evident—that
we have an enormous empire, with 150,000,000 of
people, and an army of 200,000 native troops, and
that this empire is in a state of profound peace,
and this welt army is to some extent reduced to
the duties of a police. At the same time that we
have these thousands of troops under arms-with-
out the prespect of a foe, it is known 'that the
greatest changes are about to pass over Indian so-
ciety. For a hundred years Mahomedans and
Hindoos have submitted willingly to a people who
were always conquering and never converting.
Now, when conquest has ceased, and conversion—
notbut of morals, manners,
and begin, • we cannot wonder
merely
ilabits_ renilrtus
that their minds should pass through a phase of
disaffection. What the hidden causes may have
been that have conduced to this outbreak time
must show. The intrigues of Persia, and of a
more powerful empire than Persia,—the strange
intelligence which reigns among Asiatic nations
--some perverted accounts of the proceedings of
the native Princes, who are ever intriguing, and
affecting martyrdom over here—may have stirred
up those ignorant masses to revolt. But, on the
whole, we are inclined to consider the disease as
an epidemic generated by the present condition
of Indian society, and to believe that under
promptTh The
first
std
thing,skilful
oft reeaotumrseen, fii will pass
is to
putdOwanwafoyr.ce
mutinyVe
lliecsauinsesa
ready
fadayn
insurrection,
uftorreccet.i 0
n, Whateverthe only
sbeafe ther
On this point we are happy
ernmedoyra
appeal to arms.
can only hope that the.su
to say there are no grounds forresdsesiopnoonfdtehnecy.
decisive.
s for the expression
may n. ot D
be
be
mpanied with
eovillf
abwe
isspheetdhyatanidt
bloodshed, we feel that it would. an. unworthy
e humanity, the safety of our
countrymen, and'h rof the
affectation.
and the
Delhionou shall
country demand
titer of.. be Punished with un-
sparing severity.. Asiatics.are not.the people to whom
The
must be made to feel that treason,
rulers can safely grant impunity for crime.
aaraMeymurder must bring a memorable re-
tribution. nativeorinubgtui ntilY°:nn e. of country,
When' eight regiments stationed over a
and without any common
grievance, burst out into open iusurrection—when
the ancient capital of India falls
gr
into th© hands of
the rebel soldiery, and the descendant of a de-
throned. monarch is actually set up as a rival to
British authority—it is too late to talk of mildness
and moderation.
But, though the immediate work to be done is
.
pre-
lude to a more thorough. organization.
rough and terrible, yet it outtobeonlNy tolwse
thates .lendus to the
we have conquereVinsd
it tt 11.. h. esta iis in
frontiers of Siam, jo3urfroi mi. ert
which it has never before pos-
it a homogeneitY w . .
sesseel. All its former monarcle have been weak
ruled over. a. chaos of races, some-
because insurgent, but always
and faithless. There is no reason why
times
se they.,e,
troublesomethe British Government should not attempt to fuse
into a solid mass the conglomeration of provinces
which is called India. Why, for instance, should
there be a Mogul at Delhi, whose very existence,
as we see in the present case, preserves the memory
of what we should endeavour to obliterate ? We
would even hope that the death of the Nizam may
be the occasion of the Deocan
ionty
being-brought more
completely under British sovere 6., We cannotmust sweep away every
now refuse our part or change our destiny. To re-
tain power in India we
political establishment and every
social usage which
may prevent our influence
from beipg. universal and
, complete. .
. u