The Sun.
London, England, 1861-02-09 00:00:00

the annual interest of which is attributed to the

Budget of 1861, as to those preceding.
Like all foreign marines, the French marine
has had to occupy itself with putting its artillery

in harmony with the new discoveries of science.

But *llilst persevering in its efforts to discover
guns of still greater perfection, it has laboured
at ameliorating, at trifling cost, the arms
already in its possession. Provision has been

made for the expenses of the fleet (apart from
the Chinese and Syrian expeditions), by means
of the ordinary budget, without diminishing
the estimates for the normal supplies of our
ports. The timber service in particular has been
worked with entire success, owing in part to the
resumption of marking trees in the State forests.
All the maritime arsenals of the Empire call for
notable ameliorations. The new steam marine

requires considerable ateliers, and engines of
great power ; the old docks for refitting want

extension, and new ones must be created.

Hydraulic works have, by force of circumstances,
acquired great importance; they are zealously
pursued. It is also important to put our arsenals

in direct communication with the great lines of

railroad. The arsenal of Toulon has, therefore,
been connected by a railway with the line from
Paris to the Mediterranean. An analogous line
is being executed to connect the arsenal of Cher-

bourg with the Western line. Finally, the exe•

cution has been commenced of a chain of tele.

graphic and semaphoric posts, destined to connec
reciprocally, and with the interior, all the coasts
of the Empire, whether in the Ocean or in the
Mediterranean. The number of the highest officers
was insufficient for the wants of the marine. The
rank of contre-amiral was closed against officers of
high merit, by reason of the disproportion between
the number of captains of ships and that of general
officers ; the lists of the general etat-major of the
marine have therefore been slightly enlarged by a
legislative measure rendered indispensable. The
daily increasing importance of the steam fleet has
determined the modification of the dispositions
which regulate the personnel of the engineers. To
give satisfaction to legitimate aspirations, and to
improve the condition of valuable persons
entrusted with the management of costly
machinery, posts of engineer-in-chief and of
upper engineers have been created, offering to
the engineers of the fleet the advantages of rank,
pay, and retiring pension, and of a nature to
attract and preserve for the State servants of a
superior class.
Two special institutions, that of the gun-boat
brigade of sailors, and that of the rifle brigade,
have produced the best results. Another category,
not less important, has been constituted by the
decree of the 4th August last, that of the steerage
brigade. The obligation imposed on those re-
gistered to serve in the fleet or in the arsenals,
whenever required, has attracted the attention of
the Emperor. His Majesty has wished to give a
new proof of his solicitude for the populations of
the coast, so devoted, so laborious, and so useful,
by deciding that henceforth the registered sailors
who have passed six years in the service of the
State shall no longer be summoned but in virtue
of a decree.
Shipwrecks and other accidents at sea have too
often occasioned considerable losses to capitalists
engaged in maritime commerce; measures have
been taken to discover the cause of these events,
and to admit of the disciplinary punishment of
such captains as should not have fulfilled all
their duties.
The service of the fisheries and of maritime
domains has been assigned to a special bureau.
This bureau, rendered necessary by the growing
importance of numerous interests engaged in ope-
rations connected with fishery, is destined to give
to one of the most precious of French industries an
impulse, indispensable both in regard to our naval
force and to the alimentation of the country, whilst
it protects our maritime domain from dangerous
encroachments.
That the results obtained from experiments made
for some years past in different points of the coast,
with the object of creating oyster-beds, permit a
hope that with the concurrence of science the
administration will be able to open a new source of
well-being to the population.
The reorganisation of the depot of maps and
plans, the regulations made for the use of instru-
ments, maps, and tide-indicators, have had the
effect of giving a more active impulse to the labours
of this establishment, where all the scientific ser-
vice of the marine is now centralised.
Finally, the Administration of the Invalides has
continued to render to the great maritime family
all the services contemplated by this noble institu-
tion, whose protection, really paternal, is extended
to all our sailors, in whatever part of the globe
'they may be.
BOURSE, Feb. B.—The firmness visible in the
market yesterday has continued to-day, and prices
have obtained a slight further improvement. Threes,
for the Account, which opened at 68f 45c, are now
at 68f 55c. Railway shares are also firm. The
following were the last quotations :-
41 per per Cents 97 95 , Credit Foncier .... 930
Do end month 97 90', Belgian 41.
3 per Cents
Do. end month 6B 551 Roman
Bank Shares 2895 Austrian
Credit Mobilier.... 698 7:5 I Spanish Threes 4B
Do. Account 7Ol 251 Home Debt
RAILWAYS.

Cash. Account.
Orleans 1412 50 .. 1415
Northern
Now ditto 895 897 50
Lyons and Mediterranean 935 .. 931 25
Geneva 395 387 50
Southern 528 75 533 75
Western
Eastern ....
Sardinian 3BO .. 381 25
Austrian
Lowbard

AUSTRIA.

VIENNA, FEB. 4.

The address of the city of Pesth to the Emperor,
which was drawn up by M. D.eak, who is one of
the most moderate of the Hungarian Liberals, is
calculated to dispel any illusions in which the Im-
piria.l Government may hitherto have indulged.
In substance the address is as follows :

" Your Imperial Royal Majesty,—As your Im-
perial Royal Majesty referred to the Pragmatic
Sanction when you announced your resolve to
restore the Hungarian Constitution, we cannot
doubt that every law which was legally given is to
be valid until it has been repealed by the common
consent of the Sovereign and the nation. In the
Pragmatic Sanction and in the Coronation Diploma
it is stipulated that all laws which have been made
with the concurrence of the Diet shall be strictly
observed.

" We consider the diploma of the 20th of October
with the Royal resolutions which accompany the
same, an incontrovertible proof that your Majesty
has completely re-established (in's leben gertffen)
the Pragmatic Sanction, which secures the rights
of the monarch and the rights of the nation ; and
we feel convinced that it must be your Majesty's
will to pacify the nation by restoring the Hungarian
Constitution, which during 12 long years has been
set aside, but can never be annulled (nie zu annul-
liren). We should be faithless to the principle of
constitutionalism and to the fundamental principles
of the Pragmatic Sanction if we did not firmly hold
to our laws. We will make use of the weapons
of right and truth in their defence. A Sovereign
can have no confidence in his people if they
easily forget their lost liberties and readily agree
to changes in their political institutions. ' A
nation which readily relinquishes its rights and
privileges will as readily relinquish (wechseln) its
ruler.'

The laws of 1848, which were made in a con-
stitutional way, have never been repealed in the
same way. We will not overstep the limits of the
law while maintaining our rights, but we should
grossly violate it if we acted contrary to resolutions
taken by the Diet and sanctioned by the Crown.
We know not whether any Hungarians have
entered into an alliance with the enemies of the
empire, but we do know that none of the members
of our body (the municipality of Pesth) are plotting
mischief against the State. If we had elected any
of our fellow-citizens who are in exile, we should
him done so in the hope that they would be allowed
to return to their native country from which they