The Sun.
London, England, 1859-05-20 00:00:00

Commence at 7o'clock.

ASTLEY'S ROYAL AMPHITHEATRE,
Westminster-road.
Lessee and Manager Mr. William Cooke.
Continued Success of INANHOE.—Overflowing Houses
Nightly.
THIS EVENING, the performances will commence with
a new grand spectacle, founded on Sir Walter Scott's popular
work, entitled IVANHOE ; cr, The Lists of Ashby, intro-
ducing among the vast resources of this great Hippodramatic
Temple,Tournaments, Processions, Banners, Combats, Tilts,
Victories, and Achievements in extraordinary magnificence.
Ivanhoe, Mr. It. Phillips ; Isaac of York, Mr. Jas. Holloway;
Richard of England, Mr. Herbert ; Robin Hood, Mr. Wm.
Cooke, jun. ; Rebecca, Miss Bathurst ; Lady Rowena, Miss
Dowton.
After which, the matchless and unrivalled SCENES IN
THE CIRCLE, introducing Mr. John Henry Cooke, the
greatest
nd rider in the world ; A. Cooke, Mr. W. Cooke,
jun., a Miss Emily Cooke,Mr. supported by the unequalled
male and female artistes of the establishment.
To conclude with the Farce of RAISING THE WIND.
Stage Manager, Mr. R. Phillips
Dress Circle, 48. ; Boxes, 3s. ; Pit, 2s, ; Gallery, Is. ; Upper
Gallery, 6d.
Private Boxes, £4 4s, £2 2s, and £1 ls.
To commence at 7 ; Carriages at 11.

CANTERBURY HALL AND FINE ARTS
GALLERY, Westminster-road.—Open at Seven.

EVERY EVENING during the week will appear
THE DELEPIERRE FAMILY,

consisting of three Juvenile Violinists, viz., Jules, Juliette,
and Julia Delepierre, aged, respectively, FOUR, SIX, and
EIGHT years. _ .

The perfect execution by these Lilliputian Artistes of some
of the most difficult and brilliant Solos, Duets, and Trios ever
written for the violin, has excited mingled wonder and admi-
ration in Continental Musical Circles, and drawn forth enthu-
siastic tributes of praise from the Public Journals of France
and Belgium.
They will perform EVERY EVENING, at NINE and
ELEVEN o'clock, in addition to the usual Entertainments.

THE WEATHER.—SIIN OFFICE, MAT 20.
THERMOMETER, IN THE SHADE.
66—highest since Boon yesterday.
53—lowest this morning and during the night.
57—this day at noon. _

BAROMETER--29.78.
WIND, North-easterly; moderate, with heavy rain, and
occasional sunshine.
Quarter to Three o'Clock—Rain falling in torrents for
the last hour and a-half, with murky darkness.
Three o'Clock—A hail storm. Wind, north-easterly.

The Austrians are still acting on the defensive.
They occupy a very strong position, from which it

will be no easy matter to eject them, unless they
should be driven therefrom by the poverty of the
land and the want of provisions. Indeed they
have already exhausted the provisions and forage
in the district of which they have taken possession,
and the unfortunate inhabitants are totally unable
to respond to the further demands, which are, so far
as practicable, enforced in the most rigorous and
energetic manner. It is said that General GYULAI
has announced that he will be unable to maintain
his position for more than fifteen days, in conse-
quence of the failure of the commissariat.
As we have stated, the position is one of extra-
ordinary strength. It extends along the right
bank of the Ticino to its junction with the Po, and
rests on Stradella. A telegram from Pavia states
that the head-quarters of the Austrians had been
removed to Garlasco, and that a speedy,collision
was anticipated. It will not, however, be commenced
by the Austrians, who manifestly think discretion
the better part of valour, and like to retain a state
of inaction, living at the enemy's expense, so long
as it is possible to do so. The scene of strife will,
however, soon be transferred to the other side of
the Ticino, and Austria will have to maintain the
conflict in its own dominions, or in the States
which it so kindly (!) took under its protection.
Large armies require large resources, and Austria
will find it difficult to provide for its own troops ;
while France and Sardinia will be likely to repay
with heavy interest the debt contracted in Pied-
mont.

The position of Prussia and other States of the

attention.
German Confederation requires close

The proposal to form a federal corps d'armee of
• observation on the Rhine has been referred to the
commission for the management of military affairs
by the Diet at Frankfort, while the Committee
of the Chambers at Berlin have reported that
Prussia ought to maintain a state of " armed
mediation." This is very different from
one of " armed neutrality." It implies that
they are prepared to interfere at any
moment when the exigencies of Austria may re-
quire assistance, and has consequently the effect of
rendering the other great German Power stub-
born, and inducing it to refuse the concessions

which it might otherwise be happy to offer. It is,
therefore, more than probable that Prussia will,
ere many months have elapsed, take part in the
war, and thus gratify a long-cherished animosity
against the French. If this should be the case,
Russia will not remain quiescent; and it will be
difficult, indeed, for England to preserve the
neutrality which the Government have announced,
and the people so heartily responded to.
It is generally supposed that Prussia, since the
appointment of the Prince Regent, is disposed to
co-operate cordially with England. It is certain,
however, that there are no British sympathies in
favour of Austrian misgovernment in Italy. Our
People will not, under any circumstances, support
the German policy, which, although it may be
approved in a high quarter, finds no favour
in their sight Nothing will, therefore,
induce them to join with the Berlin Cabinet
in rivetting the chains on the Lombardo-Venetians,
and maintaining an unauthorised supremacy over
quasi independent States. Any Minister that
would lend himself to such a project would surely
lose his place, and possibly have to endure still
greater inconvenience. We do not for a moment sup-
pose that Lord DERBY, Lord MALIVIESBURy,
, or any
of their colleagues would for a moment sanction
such a proceeding, but it is right that the people
and those who may be regarded as the exponents
of public opinion, the independent journalists of

Great Britain, should speak out clearly and un-.
equivocal ly on such a point.
Prussia . set us an example during the Russian
war, whit th should now be strictly folio wed. She
regarded only her own interests, and, while we
were ex] ?ending men and money, was obtaining
large pro fits at the expense of the belligerents. She
thought of nothing but the security of " Father-
land," I and we may, in like manner, permit
" Father land" now to take care of itself.
It is not because a matrimonial alliance
has bee n contracted, and a handsome dowry
granted to an English Princess, that we should en
nle of
gage in a squabble from whichevteorYhoplrid
aloof.cip
equity a nd sound policy warns us
FRAN CIS JOSEPH has surrendered himself
into the e hands of the Pope. He yielded
to a pressure which had been resisted
by all 1 its predecessors, and the present war, that
may lea d to very fearful results, may in a great
degree be ascribed to a desire to maintain the
Papal : maladministration in the States of the
Church. . Louis NAPOLEON himself is not free from
blame 3 1 this respect. He cannot come into court
t with can hands ; but still he has not so much
to ansm -er for as his Imperial brother. Austria is

the unrelenting enemy of civil and religious liberty,
wherever she can exercise anyinfluence. But it is
difficult to believe that Louis NAPOLEON would
forget 1 al his antecedents, and become the liberator
of foreign States, while he retained his own people
in bond age.

We have all been wrong, but shall be put right
soon. The Papal government of its territories,
thougi i even Irish Catholics have denounced it, is a
model of moderation and gentleness, and is secu-
larised , as far as an ecclesiastical prince can do it.
Naples even is governed by a Sovereign, nervous
indeed , and timid of revolutions, but one who rules
by lave and who is universally beloved. In the
Duchy 2s, of course, it is the same. And as to Lom.
hardy and Austria, all that is told us of the causes
of hat red there, for the hatred is undeniable, is so
much slander of the most good-natured soldiers and
officer, 3in Europe. In a word, only the educated
classes , are uneasy and disaffected ; to the peasantry
the re: igns of the POPE, of FERDINAND, and of the
amiable Hapsburg of the day are rich in blessing.
Lord : MINTO was a wicked apostle of sedition, and
RADE' TZKY and FILANGIERI are the missionaries of
mercy in the north and south of Italy. So, and we
do nc ,t exaggerate, says Sir HENRY WINSTON
BARR ON, Bart., in a pamphlet of fifty-eight pages,
whicl . he dates from Rome, in April of the present
year; and which he entitles "Queen VICTORIA and
Italy; " and which Messrs. Ridgway publish for
him i n London, as publishes in the land of a free
press ought to do.

Na r are we left to Sir HENRY BARRON alone :
specie l correspondents in both the Austrian and
Frentlh camps report to us from time to time what
they think of the doings on both sides—or what
they may say they think, and yet be permitted to
rem•iin at the seat of war. Perfectly sure may we
be, that if all London correspondents be not
counuel for the side which tolerates their pre-
sence• on that well-understood condition, they
would receive a polite hint, and their passports
in very quick time. Of course, we could not
fairty wish that they should be allowed to com-
municate anything respecting military positions
and. movements which could in an instant be
telegraphed to Turin or Vienna, to the disadvan-
tage of the general permitting it ; but we may
be also sure that a gentleman disposed to see
everything through Austrian spectacles alone
would be tolerated at Mortara, or one with simi-

lar prepossessions in favour of the allies, at Ales-
sandria. " Own correspondents" will now, there-
fore, corroborate the views of Romanising English
gentlemen writing from Rome itself, and the
forbearance of Austrian officers and the good
nature of Austrian soldiers will have their full
share of commendation.

Yet, with all due deference to Sir H. BARRON,
we must think others see as clearly as he does,
and must prefer the testimony, for instance, of
Mr. GLADSTONE, a Conservative Statesman, as
familiar with Italian as with his mother tongue,
to the special pleading of himself or of the ad-
vocate for Naples and FERDINAND, whom he
quotes. We cannot think Spielberg and SILVIO
PELLICO a myth, nor POERIO and his almost
deadly irons a legend. We have but just
received on our shores a band of men whose
testimony must outweigh that of all the
English baronets who visit Rome, and of
all the special pleaders whom FERDINAND can
induce to plead his cause. We have before us the
well-sustained defence of PoEmo,with the fact of his
condemnation being obtained by threats; and the un-
deniable inference is that if, in one instance so con-
spicuous, and in the presence of such a reporter as
Mr. GLADSTONE, justice could be so infamously
perverted, and the punishment obtained by iniquity
so satanically and brutally and vindictively
enhanced,—bad indeed must be the lot of less
noticed, but not less hated victims.
And as to Austria, broad facts are, in like man-
ner, her condemnation. We mentioned some of the
incidents of her raid upon the Piedmontese, com-
municated by a private correspondent the other
day.- We have seen nothing to contradict them
beyond vague assertions of the kindness of Austrian
troopers. But the plain fact remains that Austria
entered Piedmont for the dignified purpose of steal-
ing from civilians, provisions, forage, and ever,
clothes. The Austrian Houndsditch, it should seem,
would not trust the commissariat with ready-made
clothing to keep the poor soldiers in shoes and out
of rags ; and this " Great Austrian Power"
g pesdhmo lovns
therefore, its greatness by compelling
tese civilians to become its army clothiers. This
is a fact ; but to what -would not the General
stoop who could degrade himself to asking clothing
for his troops ? Some Austrian prisoners who
were taken were brought in, however, in so ragged
a state that thePiedmontese exclaimed, in astonish-
ment at their condition, that they were hardly now
surprised at the plunder of the clothiers and
clothes-shops.
The facts we gave also respecting the penal code--
utterly undeniable, because taken from the code it-
self—with exemplifications of the code in practice,
taken from the Government Gazette, prove beyond
all contradiction the legalized brutality of the
Austrians in Italy. It were almost criminal for
the inhabitants of any civilised or Christian country
to sit down patiently under such a code. Secret
trials, before hostile judges, and corporal punish-
ments inflicted on even respectable gentlewomen
and innocent maidens—with no one can tell what

atrocities on the poorer classes—ought to heat the
blood of any people to the boiling point. The
judgment of our Banksiders, and of our highest
classes, must here be at one. If HAYNAU was
rightly served, FRANCIS-JOSEPH ought, in similar
style, to be whipped across the Alps.
Amidst the conflicting accounts we must now
expect to receive, probably each reader will be dis-
posed to judge according to his prepossessions. We
must confess that ours are to believe that -what
Croats and Uhlans, and stolid, ignorant Germans
were in the days of WALLENSTEIN and the thirty
years' war, and what we have heard they have been
in Italy and the Danubian Principalities in more
recent days, they will still prove themselves to be.

We remember nothing generous, frank, and manly
of Austrian soldiery, or indeed of but few Austrian
generals. A deep and dark superstition has co-
operated
with an unsympathising and slavish tem-
perament, to make them the humble.tools of despots
and the brutal violators of the rights of others ; of
the rights of freedom-loving men especially. We
could wish, for the sake of humanity, to believe the
apologists, but our fears lean to the representations
of their accusers. No pamphleteers, however, and
no " own correspondents," will efface from the
minds of Englishmen the history of Hapsburg
atrocities, and encouragement of others in atro-
cities, in Italy or in Hungary. No English Go-
vernment will be tolerated which interferes on
either side ; but to interfere for Austria would
bring on our Government the execration of all
parties and of all classes.

It was the most reasonable thing in the world
that Mr. LOWE should be returned for Calne, the
pet borough of the Marquis of LANSDOWNE.
It is the most monstrous thing imaginable that
Mr. WORTLEY should dream of finding a seat in
Stamford, the pet borough of the Marquis of
EXETER.

It was perfectly right and proper, it was only in the
natural order of things, that Mr. OSBORNE should
be returned for Dover, when Secretary to the Ad-
miralty under Lord PALMERSTON'S Government.
It is altogether indefensible, and heinous as the
gravest electioneering misdemeanour, that Admiral
LEEKE should be returned for Dover when naval
Lord of the Admiralty under the Earl of DERBY'S
Administration.

Such are the opinions bluntly expressed by the
unreasoning thick and thin partisan advocates of
what is becoming more and more every day a most
irrational Opposition.
Caine, we all know, derives its inspiration, as to
the choice of a representative, from Bowood. If
we look to the inexorable and sententious DOD in his
pithy little volume, entitled " Electoral Facts," and
turn there to what is said in regard to Caine, " a
small decaying borough on the river Marian," in
Wiltshire, we find there low down on the second
column of page 42 this remarkable little fragment
of information :

" INFLUENCE.—The Marquis of LANSDOWNE is
Lord of the Manor, and has possessed paramount
power here since 1762."
So that for ninety-seven years past, at Caine, the
influence of Lord LANSDOWNE has been notoriously
paramount. There, as M.P. for Caine, under that
benignant influence, sat the famous lawyer DUN-
NING from the year of grace 1768 before
being raised to the peerage by the name, style,
and title of Baron ASHBURTON. There, as M.P.
for Caine from 1774 till 1790, sat the celebrated
Col. BARRE, the Right Hon. ISAAC BARRE, who
shares with his former colleague, Lawyer DUNNING
aforesaid, the glory of having been the veritable
invisible author of " Junius." Colonel BARRE,
M.P. for Caine, being as indubitably Jumus, ac-
cording to the late antiquary JOHN BRITTON—as,
according to others, that inscrutable writer was
discoverable variously in the persons of EDMUND
BURKE, of LACHLAN MACLEAN, of Earl TEMPLE,
of Sir PHILIP FRANCIS, and of THOMAS, lamen-
tably known in the history of the peerage as the
wicked Lord LYTTLETON. Besides these, during
the century which has now very nearly elapsed
since the " small decaying borough of Caine" came
under the patronage of Bowood—there sat for it
from 1796 till 1816—a good round score of years—
a delightful forensic wit, to wit, JOSEPH JEKYLL,
of punning celebrity. There, for four years,
by his courtesy title of Lord HENRY PETTY,
sat the present Marquis of LANSDOWNE—as
afterwards from 1832 (when he came of age) until
1836 (when he died so prematurely) sat Lord
KERRY, the heir to the marquisate. And as, yet
later, Lord LANSDOWNE'S second son, the Earl
of SHELBURNE, was returned as M.P. for Caine at
four successive general elections—namely, those of
'37, '4l, '47, and '52. There also, during eighteen
years, sat as M.P. for Caine the Right Hon. JAMES
ABERCROMBIE, Speaker of the House of Commons,
until raised to the House of Lords as Baron DUN-
FERMLINE. There, moreover, under the same-benig-
nant influence of the house of LANsDOWNE, sat,
from 1830 until the close of 1832, a more eminent
man than any yet particularised as M.P. for Caine
—Mr., now Lord MACAULAY, Critic, Poet, Orator,
Historian, Essayist. More recently, under the
patronage of the Lord of the Manor of Caine, the
heroic defender of Kars, General Sir.W. FEN WICK
WILLIAMS, sat for Caine during the two or three
last sessions, as its representative in the Commons
House of Parliament. And now—who is it that
Lord LANSDOWNE has chosen for Caine as
its representative ? A DUNNING ? A BARRE ?
A JEKYLL ? An ABERCROMBIE ? A MACAULAY ?
Is it another Earl of KERRY —or is it
an Eak of SHELBURNE ? No—but as an illustrious
sequel to all these, it is the Right Hon. ROBERT
LowE, the ignominously rejected ex-M.P. for the
borough of Kidderminster. There seems latterly
to be a fatality about Mr. LowE and his elections.
You may, if you please, call it simply a coincidence,
but even as a coincidence it is something in its
way very remarkable. It is remarkable that while
Mr. LOWE ',should have been so beloved by the
electors bf Kidderminster that he very nearly had
his bad broken down there at the previous general
election—at this last general election he all but
came in for the same treatment at the hands of the
Caine constituency. Scarcely was tie late election
at Caine colnpleted, as a matter of course, by the
return of the Bowood nominee, when there was a
riot, expressive, of course, of the extreme delight of
the electors of Caine at the choice made for them
of their new representative. The electors, eager to
express their enthusiasm for their newly•chosen
M.P. through the very forcible agency of a stray
brickbat or two, sought everywhere for Mr. LOWE—
in vain, however, for Mr. LOWE had already taken his
departure. Deprived of the looked-for opportunity,
the electors of Caine indulged themselves in their
disappointment with an agreeable little riot upon
the approved model suggested to them by the
course previously pursued under a like provocation
by the ardent constituency of Kidderminster. And
now, after these ninety-seven years of uninterrupted
Bowood influence down at Caine—after this last ,
flagrant electioneering incident down at that
" small decaying borough of Calne"—where the
return of Mr. LOWE, under the patronage of Lord
LANSDOWNE, was celebrated by a riot on the part
of the constituency—now, after all this—the Times
has the extraordinarily cool effrontery to express the
utmost degree of -virtuous indignation at the bare
idea of anything so gross, so flagrant, so wholly
unjustifiable and unprecedented as the mere pos-
sibility of Mr. WORTLEY being returned as M.P.
for Stamford under the influence of BROWNLOW
CECIL, Marquess and Earl of EXETER ! Now, what
says DOD, in his " Electoral Facts," about the
influence at Stamford ? Why, at the bottom of the
first column of page 293, we find it notified that
the influence there, at the borough of Stamford, is
" chiefly possessed by the Marquis of EXETER."
Observe—" chiefly possessed," not altogether !
While, we have already seen that the influence
exercised by the Marquis of LANSDOWNE at Caine
is said not to be chief, not to be considerable, but
to be absolutely (in the late Mr. DoD's own phrase)

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THE SUN.
FRIDAY, MAY 20, 1859.