The Sun.
London, England, 1861-03-01 00:00:00

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PRICE 4D. STAMPED, SD.

same dimensions as the Warrior, is intended to

carry only 40 guns, and, as at present arranged,
only six of, these are to be breech-loaders. The
main deck will be armed with 34 95 cwt. 68-

pounders; the upper or spar deck with four 40•
pounders, and two pivot guns of 1001 b., all Arm-
strongs. The main deck ports are 3ft. 6in, high,
bit only 2ft. wide, instead of 4, as they were at first
intended to be; and the lowest edge of the portsill
will be 9ft.6in.above the water, even at the greatest

of the court the crowd lingered apparently for the
purpose of obtaining a sight of the defendant as
he was leaving the court.
Mrs. Yelverton, after leaving the court ow Tues-
day, returned to the Gresham Hotel, where she is
now stopping. She was taken alarmingly ill, owing
to the excitement attendant on her long and trying
examination. Dr. Stokes was called in and pre-
scribed for her. On making inquiries in the even-
ing it was found that she was much better.
A gentleman, while passing on Wednesday from
the Four Courts, was mistaken for Mr. Yelverton.
In a few minutes a large crowd collected around
him, yelling, shouting, and hissing, He declared
repeatedly that he was not Mr. Yelverton, and that
the crowd was mistaken. All would not do ; and
as the people were getting every moment more ex-
cited, he had to run for protection into a shop on
Ormond-quay.

immersion of the vessel. In La Gloire the p ortsill
is scarcely over at. clear of the sea, a disadvantage
so great as would in the least sea way render her
main deck guns almost useless. According to the
ordinary method of mounting ships' guns the width
of the ports, both in the Warrior and Bbick Prince,
would have been at least 3ft Gin., if not 4ft., and
the broadside would then have presented a series
of gaps at intervals of 12ft., which would have
detracted most seriously from the desired impene-
trability against shot and shell. By a very simple
contrivance, however, this danger has been almost
entirely obviated, and the newly constructed gun-
carriages are made so that the gun pivots round a
point near the outer edge of the port, an arrange-
ment which allows the width of the port itself being
reduced to little more than 2ft. It is probable that
by a similar mode of allowing for the elevation and
depression the size of the ports may ultimately be
reduced to little more than that of the muzzle of
the gun. It need hardly be pointed out what an
important improvement this is even for wooden

iTs ImUoßr :Di
morning, and
was DreUsupfdl
The cross examination of the defendant, Major
elverton, EpGri. e d
the greater portion of the day, after which other
witnesses were examined for the defence. The de-
fendant denied that any marriage whatever had
ever taken place in Scotland, and said that the
Irish ceremony was the result of an arrangement
between Mrs. Yelverton and himself, in order to
satisfy her conscientious scruples, but that she dis-
tinctly understood it was illegal. It was arranged,
he said, before he left Edinburgh, that they were
to meet again in a couple of months, and have a
ceremony of an informal nature performed by a
Roman Catholic clergyman, but not such a solemn
one as was subsequently gone through. He ad-
mitted that in the Catholic church, Killoyn, kneel-
ing at the altar, he took Miss Longworth as his law-
ful wife, and she took him as her lawful husband.
He repeated the words of the marriage service
after the priest. He meant, he said, to keep
that promise subject to the arrangement he and
Miss Longworth had previously entered into. In
reply to a question of counsel, he said this is not an
ordinary case of a mistress kept by a man. I do
not pretend that in taking each other in that way
we thought we were performing a conscience-
saving ceremony that would be binding upon our
consciences, and at that time I intended to fulfil it.
She undertook never to violate the secret without
permission.
Sergeant-Major Mould and Sergeant Bryden, of
the Royal Artillery, were examined regarding the
attendance of Major Yelverton at the Established
Church service at Alderney, Leith, and the Crimea.
On cross-examination Sergeant Major Mould
stated that on some occasions Major Yelverton read
the service in the absence of the chaplain.

men-of-war.
As we have said, the only difference between
the two frigates will be one of armament. If
this dissimilarity makes any difference of speed
in favour of the Black Prince, the number of guns

in the Warrior will, no doubt, also be reduced to
40. If, on the contrary, the rate of steaming. is
alike, the guns in the Black Prince will be in-
creased to 50, for there. is ample room for them all.
Neither vessel, of course, has yet been tried at sea,
and, though it does not require this test to enable
naval architects to arrive at a very close approxi-
mation of what will be their probable rate of
speed, yet nothing but an actual cruise will ever
determine the vexed question of how these ships
will roll. That they must roll very deeply no one
appears inclined to deny, though they are not
likely to do so to such an extent as is the case with
La Gloire, which, in anything like a sea-way, is
almost helpless either for attack for resistance. To
counteract the tendency, both the Warrior and
Black Prince have four broad wrought-iron beams.
about two feet and a-half deep, extending two on
each side almost the entire length of each ship's
bottom, and if these are not found to answer the
purpose of checking her lateral motion, it will, of
course, be easy to add to their width to any extent
that may be required. Allowing, however, a most
liberal discount off their apparent merits for un-
foreseen or unavoidable faults, no doubt whatevex
remains that the Warrior and the Black Prince are
two of the finest iron-clad frigates yet built in the
world. We by no means intend to say that they
are perfection. or even so good as to justify others
being built like them; but, for the`means of infor-
mation at the disposal of..the.GOvernment at the
time they were ordered, they are far finer ships
than could reasonably have been expected from the
hurry in which their design was conceived and the
rapid manner in which it has been carried out.
Very little more than a twelvemonth has elapsed
since these ships were ordered, yet the progress
mado in knowledge in this new branch of naval
architecture already shows the faults committed
in the construction of them both. For instance,
it is found that had these vessels been built
of 7,000 tons each instead of 6,000 the slight
increase of size and expense would have
enabled both ships to carry armour plates from
stem to stern. As they are now constructed
both these portions are left quite unprotected by
armour, and, in spite of all the precautions taken in
the way of subdividing them by numerous water-
tight compartments, they must always be serious
sources of weakness. Thus the forward end be-
coming waterlogged would bring either vessel so
much down by the head as to almost lift the screw
out of water, while if, to counteract such a danger,
the after portion was filled with water also, the
whole ship would be brought down so low that the
main-deck guns would be almost useless. As far as
possible, therefore, we believe the Government have
determined that in the new ships about to be built
every portion of the hull above water shall be
entirely cased. Another improvement, with a view
to carry out which in the most effective manner
experiments are now going forward, will be to do
away with the teak lining entirely. A 41-inch
plate of iron is almost invulnerable to shot, but a.
51-inch plate would be completely so. An extra
inch in thickness might be added to the armour
plate if the weight of the teak lining was done away
with, but it would he absolutely necessary to have
something between the plate and the iron side of
the ships, the rivets in which would infallibly bay
started by the concussion of a shot striking. A.
peculiar arrangement of girders is found to answer
this purpose pretty well, and there is no doubt
that when the experiments are completed all the
new ships will be of iron only, but with 5 inches
or 6 inches thickness in their plates, against which
no artillery that has yet been discovered would
have the slightest effect. Another alteration since
last year seems to be the abandonment of the idea
of using them as steam rams in running down
other vessels. In both the Black Prince and the
Warrior the first intended design of the beak
or prow has been so modified that very little at
all remains of it, and it is said that in the new
vessels it will be given up altogether. Certainly
as long as the Admiralty will insist on rigging
these ships as three deckers they must alvc ays be
useless as steam rams. At the moment of collision
with the enemy's vessel every mast and spar would
go by the board, and leave the despoiled " ram"
almost as effectually wrecked as her adversary. In
this matter La Gloire is most decidedly a better
ship. Her rigging and spars are as light and small
as those of a yacht, while her slight bowsprit is made
to house on board, so that nothing whatever would
intervene to mitigate the tremendous force with
which she could strike an enemy. But so much are
the qualities of steam rams disregarded by our Ad-
miralty, that in addition to the heavy rig and im-
mense bowsprit, the beak is still further hampered
by a huge projecting false cut-water and figurehead
which extend so far in advance of it that it is more
than doubtful, in a collision, if the beak would even
touch the enemy's ship.
At the present moment our formidable ally has
one iron-clad frigate in commission, one nearly
ready for sea, and 13 building, four of which are so
much advanced that, with a little additional labour,
their launch could take place at any time, and
nearly every one could be at sea within the present
year. We will not say to oppose these vessels, but
at least to compete with them, the English navy has
not much to show just yet, and the French navy
has gone so completely ahead in this matter, that it
is likely to be some years before, proceeding at our
present rate, we overtake them. In the Navy Es-
timates for this year one iron-cased frigate appears
as finished and six as building. But the Warrior is
not finished, and will not be rigged and ready for
sea before the summer. Of the six returned as build-
ing the Black Prince is one, the Resistance at
Messrs. Palmer's yard another, and the Defence at
Millwall is a third. But the two latter, so far from
being like the Black Prince, are merely gun cor-
vettes of 3,500 tons. In fact, the Admiralty
have
taken credit in the estimates for having three
been
16-
ad-
ditional ships building when they have only
ordered, and some weeks must yet elapse before a
it w
rivet is driven for any. With the
.e noormulodu
breeesoausyrcteo
of the Clyde for ship building, s
bsmuialldlehraolfnae dheazsenbeienn teheamt river
aen,dytehteorrnlbyamonees
ship building works, from which the Warrior was
launched, are left with their enormous plant, so
admirably suited for the rapid production of these
ships, still without orders. Of the three screw
vessels returned as building by the Admiralty, one
is to be constructed at Chatham, and the plant
necessary for ,the work has not even been erected
yet. One has been ordered of Messrs. Bailey and
Westwood, at Millwall, and one of Messrs. Napier,
in the Clyde. The plans for the latter vessel show
great modifications in the plan even of the Black
Prince and Warrior. Its length over all will be
about 300 feet, asd the beak is entirely done away
in the bows. The breadth is to b
depth 38, and tonnage 4,0
pierced for 32 guns in mainthe63yet this
deck,e
ane 56
dveosnsel€tehitse
spar deck will most probably carry 10 more ; in all
two more guns tlian the Black Prince, of which she
is little more than halt the size. This vessel is to
be coated entirely, from stem to n
stern, with armour
plates 4;1, inches thick, and with the same teak iin-
;' • 6- This additional coating of iron, of course,
increases her
of 6,173 price. The Warrior coot 1:37 per ton
tons. The new vessel (the name of which
has not yet been fixed) will cost £4l 10s. per ton
on 4,063 tons. Her engines are to be of 850 horse-
power, and the whole vessel will probably be afloat
in the Clyde by the end of the year.
Near the slip in which this is to be built Mr.
Napier, among other vessels, is building one forth e
Cunard line, which, after the G:eat Eastern, wl
be the largest merchant steamer afloat. It is the
Scotia, mail steamer, and is intended to be large!,
faster, and more powerful than the Persia. j_tolos
366 feet long, 471 feet broad, 331- feet deep, of u
horse-power, and 4,050 tons burden,—Times.

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