The Sun.
London, England, 1859-07-15 00:00:00

AVERAGE PRICE OF SUGAR.
The Average Price of Brown or Muscovado Sugar, com
puted from Returns made in the week ending the 12th day
of July, 1859, exclusive of the duties of Customs paid or
payable thereon, on the importation thereof into Great
Britain :

P
From the British possessions in America 26ser scwt.
Muscovado, the produce of the Mauritius 24s ldfd
Muscovado, the produce of the East Indies 30s Old
Average price of the foregoing 26s 2d

COURSE OF EXCHANGE.—Turs DAY.
Amsterdam .
Ditto
Rotterdam — 11 13/ 11 14
Antwerp
Brussels — 25 7f 25 121
Hamburgh
Paris
Ditto
Marseilles — 25 30 25 35
Frankfort on Maine — 116} 116/
Vienna
Trieste
Petersburgh — 341 34f
Madrid
Cadiz — 49# 49
Leghorn — 30 0 30 10
Genoa — 25 75 25 80
Naples
Palermo —122 i
Messina — 122 123
Lisbon
Oporto
Rio Janeiro , 6O days st. ..
New York —
.• • •
• •
Foreign Gold in Bars (Standard) .. .. per oz. a 17 9
Mexican Dollars
Silver in Bars (Standard) „ 0 00„
0 5 21

IMPERIAL PABJLJAI\Ii 3 NT

HOUSE OF LORDS—(YEsn:RDA r; 1.

The LORD CHANCELLOR took his seat on s'ee 'cc .001aaele
at five o'clock.
Lord BROUGHAM presented a petition from .1.% e Pro.
visional Council of Auckland, praying for a separate legis-
lature for that colony.
PRIVATE BUSINESS.
On the motion of Lord REDESDALE, the Moun 'on•el
Railway Bill was read a second time; and the Lond a. i and
South-Western Railway and the Border Counties R: Ivey
bills were read a third time and passed. •
THE BIRKENHEAD, LANCASHIRE, ANI
CHESHIRE RAILWAY. •
On the motion that this bill be read a third time,
Lord STANLEY of ALDERLEY complairied of the
iDLOVico y
provisions of the bill, especially to one which empower od
to stop up a certain street in Birkenhead, whic h was at present of great convenience to the public. s Th I
clause for stopping up the crossing had been inserted in the
committee, and he moved, as an amendment, that the stop-
page should not take place without the consent of the
Mersey Dock and Harbour Company.
Lord TORRINGTON defended the clause inserted in
committee.
After a short discussion, in which the Earl of Chichester,
Lord Redesdale, Lord Colchester, and the Earl of Donceigh-
more, took part, it was decided that the question. should be
referred to the Board of Trade, and the debate was ti ere-
upon adjourned.
LORD STRATFORD DE REDCLIFFE'S MOTION.
Lord STRATFORD DE REDCLIFFE said it weuld
be recollected that a few evenings ago he proposed to b sing
the Italian question under discussion, but he had postponed
bringing forward that motion, reserving the right of de ing
so at a future time. In consequence, however, of a thetty
of peace having been signed, he begged to withdraw his
notice from the paper altogether.
ATTORNEY AND SOLICITORS' BILL.
The LORD CHANCELLOR moved the second reading
of this bill, which was to improve the education and sts.tua
of solicitors and attorneys, and to shorten the terms of
clerkship to three years of those who had taken a degree at
one of the universities.
After a few remarks from Lord BROUGHAM,
The bill was read a second time.
THE HUDSON'S BAY COMPANY'S TERRITOF.Y.
The Earl of CARNARVON asked whether her Majest ye
Government intended in the .present session to take : ray
steps with reference to the North American territory o aer
which the Hudson's Bay Company had held an exclusive
license to trade with the Indians. He remarked that %he
whole of the extensive territory to which his question re-
ferred, measuring at least 1,500 miles in every direction, had
until recently been under the government of the Hudso ea
Bay Company. That portion of it which lay behind the e-
land sea called Hudson's Bay, and which included the h
nd
drained by the rivers pouring into that sea, had been ge
en
to the company by a charter of Charles 11. ; but the (Alter
portion, laying on the western side of the watershed of he
Rocky Mountains, and watered by streams which either
discharged themselves into the Pacific or flowed southwa: els
towards the United States frontier, was devoted to Indi an
occupation, though it had for many years been under tie
government of the Hudson's Bay Company in virtue of
their exclusive license to trade. In 1821 an act was pass ad
which empowered. the Crown to grant that license ; and in
1838 the license war renewed for 21 years, and that tel m
expired on the Ist of May this year. His right hon. file zd
then at the head of the Colonial-office, after giving the
subject his best consideration, decided that it would be in-
expedient to renew the license on the same terms. Gnat
changes were taking place, year after year, in that regi
of the world ; British Columbia had risen to a very con d-,
derable position, and Canada itself had acquired a great av g-
mentation of population and wealth. All these conditic us
were adverse to the renewal of the license. There was a
strong opinion, also, prevailing upon the subject both here
and in Canada adverse to the renewal of the license. It had
therefore been determined not to renew the license, but to
allow it to drop without making any provision for the go-
vernment of those large territories would be very dangerous.
His right hon. friend the late Secretary for the Colonies
therefore determined to offer the Hudson's Bay Company the
renewal of their license for one year. The company refused
this, and he then offered it for two years, which the com-
pany declined. On various grounds it was most undesir-
able to re-establish this monopoly for more than two years.
The circumstances under which its first establishmenttook
place were such as to supply a reason for it which no longer
existed. Without going into the long history of the con-
test between the Hudson's Bay Company and the North-
Western Fur Company, in which some blood was spilt and
frequent atrocities were committed, he would observe that
at the period when Parliament was called upon to interpole
for the settlement of that dispute, Canada and the other
British North American provinces were in a very un-
developed state, and if those vast hunting grounds to the
north-west, divided from Canada by lakes and rivers, and
by an immense interval of space, had been placed under the
Canadian jurisdiction, that jurisdiction would have been
little more than nominal. On the other hand, to have aban-
doned the territory would have been to invite a recurren:
of the old feuds. The exclusive license was therefore lee -
towed on the Hudson's Bay Company. It was now allege
that by the establishment of that system the Indian trite s
had been preserved. If it had preserved them, however, t
bad reduced them to helplessness, and make them depen I
upon the company for their very subsistence; they looks I.
to the company for their food and clothing, and for all tl fl
necessaries of iife. Great care must therefore be taken, i t
any arrangements that might be made, lest the sudde a
withdrawal of that superintendence should prove destrue -
tive to the Indians. It had been said that the Hudson' 3
Bay Company's license should be maintained for the sal
of the fur trade. He did not underrate the value of the fu r
trade, but it should not be the first consideration. H
believed it would be possible, for many' years to come, t o
devote a great part of the North American Continent es e
elusively as a hunting-ground for fur-bearing animals, le tt
ho desired to see the more southerly portion, which W. is
capable of cultivation, properly colonised. The first object,
however, must be to establish as early as possible sorrel
provisional authority to dispense justice in that country,
and to deal •with all questions of conflict arising,
whether among the white men themselves, or be-
tween white men and Indians, oramongst the Indians the73.l-
- It would also be requisite to en.coree the salutary
regulations under which alone the sale of spirits had been;
allowed. The more serious class of offences should be trr ns-
ferred to another tribunal, by sending the ot-enders to take
their trial in one of the neighbouring col:steles—British
Columbia, or the Red River Settlement. OW ers or magi-
strates might be appointed to reside in different p arts of the
country, and although they could not have a larh'e staff at
their disposal, they might be in the same position as her
Majesty's consuls and vice-consuls in the East, and exercise
great influence in the region where they dwelt. lie quite
admitted that throughout a great part of these extensive
territories colonisation was impracticable, and would pro-
bably continue to be so, us long as richer and please rater
parts of the earth remained for human occupation. But the
report of an officer sent by Mr. Labouchere to examine the
country, and other exploring expeditions made within the
last two years, had shown that from the Red River Settle-
ment to the base of the Rocky Mountains, there existed in
many districts a fertile soil, well timbered, and well watered,
the natural eapabiliqes of which were proved by the fact that
it was the chosen hauntof enormous herds of buffaloes, and
there could be no doubt of its fitness for agricultural occu-
pations. Gold, indeed, had been the chief attraction to draw
population to British Columbia and other new countries; but
wherever nature afforded a fair prospect. of reward to encou-
rage the energy of man, there colonisation mightbe expected
to advance, if it were not precluded by impolitic restrictions.
The noble lord concluded by recapitulating the points which
he had brought forward, namely, the establishment of a line
of stations between Canada on one side and British Columbia.
on the other; the establishment of colonies, however small,
which would give to this country undisputed sovereignty on
the non here side of the boundary; the establishment ofat least
a provisional system of government, and the appointment of
magistrates in the territories to exercise control and adminis-
ter justice, and the application of the bunting grounds to
the purposes for which they were intended. Above all he
would press on the Government that the privileges of a trade
ing company should not be allowed to stand in the way of
imperial colonisation.
The Duke
so
uke NEWCASTLE
loofnganen tresting a
said that liiNsointhobAleinfrrionl
had ,
and had travelled so far beyond the limits of the question of
detail to
which he had given notice, that he (the
Duke
ofNerhe sub-
jects which had been adverted to. He fully
c
astle)
would probably not be able to reply in all
importance of the question as affecting the relations existing
in
eon
recognisedi the
g
between the Hudson's Bay Companyin the territory b_
e
Upper Canada and British Columbia. Hemight
leed that he was not prepared so soon after his acceptFice
have al
of the seals of the Colonial-office to answer the questions
which had been put to him ; but having for many yearn
turned his attention to the question, he was enabled at once,
and decidedly, to reply
memberplytotheofnthobelHe earl;onse of
atcloemasmtotwnse,lvhee
years ago, as a private
brought forward the subject of the Hudson's Bay Company.
The noble earl, in the latter portion of his speech, had tra-
velled beyond the limits of what was called the licensed
territory, and had encroached on that part of the territory
of the Hudson's Bay Company where they had proprietary
rights under the charter of Charles 11. As negotiations were
paayrtCnooofmdtPhouanebqytueoexnsteitohe subject of
the noble
m into h
H udeznt'l
sat B
would
pdt hei
den dcni nho atgr hwith t
h followht
fined himself to the licensed territory n, Maned icfohn-e
between the Rocky
Mountains and the ocean. The noble earl asked if he
Dray
nj
d dicet lh
aadst
t.
t thhaet He
tHhasuotdslo far
an e, di s
B
proposed to renew the license of the Hudson's Bay Com-
pany, which having lasted forty-two years, expired in
s tffio hade
y Company
d fromb
et
ehne
lenoblehadft
openne earl,
until
, acceptedtthatn
wh e
a,
of
fe an
rejeoxicedtenej at it, i etf, b
the offer made to them by the Secretary for the Colonies
thoethliceasnsree
regarded
oedne
thoretwnouyaeasorsiesmßoreay.
Company and in reference to others interested in the
question ; for he believed that it ves better that the ques-
tion should be settled now than that it should be suspended for two years, and that for the reasons stated by
the noble earl connected with the discovery of gold in Bri-
tish Columbia, and the extension of colonisation in that
direction. He would state at once to the noble earl that it
was not his intention to recommend her Majesty's Govern-
ment to extend the license of the Hudson's Bay Compel?),
for any period whatever. That license having expired in -
May last, all that remained was to make provision for the
Government of the territory. The noble earl said that if
that was the case, it was desirable that regulations should
be established with reference to the trade carried on, and
for securing the relative positions of the settlers and the
natives. For this purpose legislation was
Powersnecessary, but
might be taken to appoint magistrates who would be an-
it
need not be of a very complicated character.
au-
thorised to settle disputes and to deal withthat house
or the House of Commons, a measure
crimes,and he
proposed in a few days be introduce eitherfor that purpose. It into
was not necessary that the magistrates should be sent out
selected
from the best •
qualified residents; and they might from England, but they might bet
have summary power
eri tion punishment would
offences of a more aggravatuednL ;
and power would be give n
smallp offences, but in all
gibevreenfetroreddealtowia thhigehaesrestriinbvolvemse
to remit such cases eitherto enable her Majesty to lay
to Canada or to British Columbia,
It would be necessary also. f trade with the Indians,.in
excesses which might be shown towards.
order to prevent the
would from the cessation ofthe
license arise
down rules for the regulation o.
those people.
any private trader to go into the country without any of the
license of the Hudson's Bay Company, and the right of
restrictions hitherto imposed by the company. He believed
that he had succintly answered the questions of the noble
earl. The noble earl had pressed on him one or two other
points, and among them the encouragement of colonisation
in the northern portion of the Hudson's Bay Company's
licensed territory, and also on this side of the Rocky Moun-
tains. He did not think it desirable that the government
and the Colonial-office should take steps to colonise ; their
duty was rather to give every facility to, and to see that no
impediments were placed in the way of, colonisation. This
led him to a further point raised by the noble earl, namely,
the establishment of regular communication between
Canada and Vansouver's Island. The noble 'earl said that
pi= with that object had been under the conaideration of