The Sun.
London, England, 1859-11-11 00:00:00

" We learn that the St, Nicholas, Ferrsry, mas-

ter, on her passage to Tetuan from Gibraltar, v'as
boarded by a Spanish cruiser, and, after examining
her papers, was ordered off. The French Govern-
ment steamer Monett°, which left this yesterday
morning, was fired upon by a Spanish man-of-war
cruising off Tangier. A private letter from Tan-
gier, of yesterday's date, announces that the block•
ade has commenced by the Spanish men-of-war.
Everything appeared to be very tranquil in that
town, as far as could be discerned from the bay."
" The declaration of war between Spain and Mo-
rocco," says the Chronicle of the 4th inst.,—
" Has brought to this port, from Larache, our
Vice-Consul, the Sardinian Consular Agent, and the
French and Portuguese Consular Agents, together
with their families and servants. We glean the
following particulars from that port :
" Her Majesty's steam corvette Scylla, Captain
Lambert, brought to Larache, on the 29th of Octo-
ber the news of the declaration of war. Previously
to this, the different vice-consuls and consular agents
had engaged the services of two Portuguese mesticos
to convey their effects to Gibraltar, which accounts
for the British vice-consul not embarking in the
Scylla. The Pasha, on the same day, informed the
Arabs of the interior of the state of affairs. The
Spanish war steamer Vasco Nunez de Balboa hav-
ing met the two Portuguese vessels at sea, and
Darning from them that Christians were still in La-
rache, steered for that port and anchored off the
bar. When the blockade was promulgated the vice-
consuls and consular agents went off to the steamer
under a flag of truce, and requested that the Chris-
tians might embark. The commander of the Vasco
Nunez very kindly assented to their wishes and
afforded them every facility for so doing, and after-
wards brought them into our bay. Impediments
having been put in the way of disembarking at the
Orange-grove induced the commander of the
steamer to proceed at once to Tarifa, where he
I landed them in safety at 5 a.m. on the 31st ult. No
opportunity offering at Tarifa for conveyance to
this port, the falucho Rafael was engaged for the
purpose, which arrived here about 10 o'clock last
night. The Spanish vice-consul and his family,
who were also on board the steamer, remained at
Tarifa. The conduct of the Moors in aiding the
Christians to depart from Larache is beyond all
amise.'"

GOVERNMENTEMIGRATION.—Her Majesty's Emi
gration Commissioners chartered yesterday afternaon, the
10th inst., the Grand Trianon, 1,019 tons, to sail from
Liverpool on the 27th December, for Adelaide, South Aus-
tralia, at £l5 17s. sd. per statute adult.
[ADVERTISEMENT.) Medicine always aggravates
chronic diseases, such as indigestion (dyspepsia), flatu-
lency, habitual constipation, nervous, bilious and liver
complaints, &c., but Du. Barry's delicious Revalenta
Arabica Food invariably cures them in a very short time.
We extract two out of many thousand expressions of grati-
tude from invalids. Cure 36,418—Aev. Dr. Minster of
cramps, spasms, and daily vomitings. Cure 26,418—Dr.
Harvey of diarrbcea and debility. Cure 39,621—Dr. Wurt-
zer of consumption. Cure 32,880—William Hunt, Esq.,
Barrister, of paralysis. Cure 46,270—Mr. James Roberts,
timber merchant, of Fiimley, of thirty years diseased lungs,
spitting of blood, liver derangement, partial deafness. Cure
No. 47,121—Miss Elizabeth Jacobs, of Nazing Vicarage-
Waltham Cross, Herts, a cure of extreme nervous,
ness, indigestion, gatherings, low spirits, and nervous
fancies. Cure No. 48,314—Miss Elizabeth Yeo-
man, Gateacre, near Liverpool, a cure of ten years
dyspepsia, and all the horrors of nervous irritability.
In tins, at ls. 6d. ; lib., 3s. ; 21b., ss. 9d. ; 51b., 125.; 121 b..
26a. The 101 b. and 121 b. tins carriage free, on receipt of post-
office order. Du Barry and Co., 77, Regent-street, London.
Fortnum, Mason, and Co., 182, Piccadilly; Abbis, 60,
Gracechurch-street ; 4, Cheapside ; 63 and 150, Oxford-
14treet ; 330 and 451, Strand ; 49 and 60, Bishopsgate
street ; 85- Tottenham-court-road. Also at Dublin.
Bewley and Draper ; at Edinburet, Raimes and Co.;
at Liverpool, Nixon and Thew; at Manchester, Sharp and
Scott; at York, Raimos, Blanchard, and Co.; at South.
sgapton, Randall and Son.

/ /"'---.)----1.•(.7.,-,.,:
f. t•:ib4Nl-, _s'"- V1:-''',
jr/li. _e_ e 7 IRELAND.
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. - , DUBLIN, THURSDAY : ..., :_,t - ATANi
. •..'"irti.'i--71t,a....:*"..,./
THE DEFENCES. - - . -r
The Dublin Evening Mail has upon severalleca- 3. S •
Sloes endeavoured to draw the attention of Govern-
ment to the unprepared state of Ireland, as compared
with England, to resist any oppression from a foreign
'foe. In its number of last night the Mail, dealing -
with this bulject,.makes the following remarks:—
. "There are many considerations in the social
state of this country, as well as in the exposed and
uldefeuded condition . of our sea coast, to invite
the attention of an enemy. In many parts of. as
our island an invader, taking his information
om JorPFP.POPPIrP) d Co., would .e. xpett to find
himself inLtiletikL nt-,.F.:n friendly population, anxiou
to minister to his physical wants, and to furnish
him with information and every other aid which an
active and intelligent race could supply. It would
our
be the contrary in England. There the foreigner
would know himself to be in an enemy's country,
and every step he attempted .to advance would be
retarded by the molt steadfast opposition, both
moral and material, which a resolute and united
people could raise agains't him. The strength and
efficiency of the armed force of England would be.
doubled by the dispositions and conduct of its 'un-. •
armed inhabitants of every class and degree from
the noble to the peasant. Yet England is notte
esteem herself safe without 200,000 troops under
arms, and a volunteer force besides of scarcely in-,
ferior numbers, while Ireland is to stand by her oft
the strength of the militia and constabulary! Its
hard to believe that English writers can be serious,
when, in speculation upon a French invasion, the
notion of casting off Ireland to her own maimed and
restricted resources is broached as a part of the sys- ,
tem of national defence. It is, in effect, a proposal
to abandon this country without a blow to France.
It is an invitation to the Emperor to send an arma-
ment over here, under General M'Mahon, to take
possession of the Government of the country and
establish the Code Napoleon in Dublin Castle as oar
future constitution. For in that case, whatever •
might be the IThal issue of the war'quoad England
and her other possessions, it would not be so easy
for her to regain her lost don.iabn over Ireland, as
it is now, by a judicious, prompt, spirited, and eon-.
fiding policy, to secure and keep it."
In the eork Reporter (a Roman Catholic organ),
which came to hand this morning, there is a very
remarkable article, bearing in some measure upon
the question mooted by the Dublin Protestant Jour-
nal. After dwelling upon the probable advent of
a great European struggle, the Reporter believes
there could be no doubt as to the result, and pro-
ceeds as follows : •

" England stands aloneamong the great European
Powers as the champion of liberty, and with her
downfal would be involved its prostration for cen-
turies to come. On this point there can be no mis-
take. There is not a national schoolboy who can be
ignorant of the fact that the British islands alone,
in Europe, possess—among the first-class Powers—
even the forms of free institutions. Russia, Prussia,
Austria, France, are pure despotic monarchies, with
some slight differences of form. Free individual ac-
tion, free expression of opinion, exist, in none of
them. Political rights on the part of the governed
are utterly ignored. Some few of the minor conti-
nental States possess the external indications of
liberty, it is true,but, almost without exception, they
are so overshadowed by the great military despo-
tisms that they have to exercise such privileges as
they enjoy ' with bated breath,' and can hardly be
said to have a real independence. In such circum-
stances it might be supposed that Irishmen, whose
love of liberty has been the theme of self-laudation
almost ad nauseam, might feel deeply interested in
sustaining Great Britain in any struggle in which
she might be involved with the Powers of continen-
tal Europe. True, Ireland has sustained many wrongs
at the hands of England, and not a few of them of
too recent date. But a nation has a higher duty to
perform than revenge. Were it otherwise, farewell
to human progress. There is no State or people that
would not find its hands full enough of bloody busi-
nesswere it to set about retaliating do its neighbours
the injuries of the past. There is no chance for hu-
manity but by burying them in oblivion. No injury
done to-day will redress an injury done in days gone
by. Least of all will a crime committed against
mankind at large atone for a crime committed by
one nation against another; and a treason against
liberty is a crime committed against the whole
human race. Ireland to-day is a free country—an
equal participator with England in that liberty
which she has long had the happy privilege to
enjoy. The freedom which Ireland thus possesses
has come to her far less by any great efforts of her
own than by the necessary law of its own develop-
ment. Once brought into direct connection with
Great Britain, by means however objectionable,
and in relations however galling; it was a mere
question of time when she should fully participate
in the free institutions which the former possessed.
The period has arrived. No Englishman can to-day
boast of a political right which the Irishman does
not share. Both have a common freedom and a
common interest in maintaining it. Every, re-
flecting man in Ireland fully recognises this, rind
every honest man will avow it. But, unfortunately,
there are many Irishmen who do not reflect, and too
large a number who are not honest. The latter find
they can drive a tolerable trade by catering to the
ignorant prejudices of the former. The press affords
the knaves all necessary facilities for supplying
provender. to the fools; and though the provender
be but thistles, it suits the palate of the animal who
devours it. Thus, while the country is, in its
material condition, prosperous, not only to a de-
gree never known before, but which a few years ago
would have been considered fabulous if predicted,
and, in its political condition absolutely free, we
have a half dozen or so of rubbishy newspapers, here
and there, lamenting our fallen state, and spouting
a washy and diluted sedition for the refreshment of
those who will buy it for the daily penny or the
hebdomadal threepence, which, according to the
laws of political economy, regulate the supply.
In these wretched publications the only free
country in Europe, of any 'real power or in-
fluence, and the freest country that the world
has ever seen, is reviled in the name of liberty,
while States whose abject servitude may well
excite contemptuous pity aro pointed to as models
of good government, and rulers whose conduct out-
rages every principle of freedom and justice are
described as wise, virtuous, and beneficent. That
such journals should find a circulation among any
portion of our people is a melancholy fact, for the
disaffection which it proves to exist among them is
evidence at once of besotted ignorance and of com-
plete political turpitude. One could understand a
patriot burning at the recollection of historic wrongs,
ready to welcome the invader who came in the two-
fold capacity of an avenger and a liberator ; but
the man who is ready to proffer aid to an enslaver,
and to surrender his own liberties, provided that
with them perish the liberties of a race to whom he
has a hereditary animosity, must be at once a fool
and a scoundrel. A question naturally arises, how-
ever, as regards publications of the class to which
we allude--namely, whether a Government
intrusted with the happiness of millions,
should tolerate their circulation ? It may be
doubted whether, in strict justice, it ought to do so.
In the first place, the proclaimed desire of any part
of a nation for the hostile advent of a foreign power
is likely to have some tendency to encourage that
advent. This is a strong ground for preventing,
those who entertain such a desire from openly pro-
claiming it. They may be very few and very con-
temptible, but if they caused only the landing of
500 men on our shores the evil inflicted on us would
be severe. Ireland would be the great sufferer, not
England. The latter might be inconvenienced, and
her prestige might undergo some diminution, but
Mill property and Irish life would be destroyed,
and even worse calamities might be entailed on

DEATH OF A DISTINGUISHED RACE HORSE.—
The Merry Monarch, the famous race horse which won
the Derby in 1845, and the property of W. G. K. Grat-
wicke, Esq., of Ham, died on Sunday last. We understand
that Mr. S. T. Harman, of Arundel, made a post mortem
examination of the animal, and found that the cause of
death was from a rupture of the stomach. The Merry
Monarch has been in Mr. Gratwicke's stud for the past ten
years, with the equally distinguished stallions Chatham and
Robert de Gorham ; and the Ham breed of race-horses is
generally recognised as the finest in the kingdom.— West
Sussex Gazette.

~^A
^DEATH SENTENCE AND DEFENCE IN NEW
JERSEY.—Patrick Maude, who escaped from the lunatic
asylum at Trenton last summer, where he had been sent
for attempting to murder his wife, on the supposition that
he was insane, and murdering his sister in Newark, for
which offence he was committed last week, received his sen-
tence on Monday. The Newark Advertiser says :—After
tahLustt e
pprrielsainmeirnsiafileies
anything had T ot ,0 thesay
whycou county ty cler k
sentence,
should not be pronounced on him, Maude said: " I will
speak, for this is an execution, or rather a crucifixion. My
child was sacrificer and murdered by Mr. Turbott, Mrr.
Turbott, my d— wife, and others. This is what caused
my first assault on my villain wife. She and Cortlandt
Parker made the trick against me ; he was a Pharaoh, and
now wants to make me a Pontius Pilate. An inquisition
was held on me by Parker and Father Callan; I am tor-
tured by witchcraft from my d— family. All the insane
maniacs in asylums are made so by witchcraft. I'll ask no
pardon, and will accept none from Governor or Frai-
-1 dent. I've done no wrong; but what I did was in self-de-
fence. I was brought here bef' re for the first offence in my
life. I pleaded guilty, but gent) mercy. I was sent to
prison as an insane man for life. I say here I'm not insane.
Charley Gifford was my counsel, but he, while addressing
, the jury, received something on his back, which made him ,
say to the jury---‘ He must be executed, ho must betocomn-
victed.' All I ask is that my body may not be giveny
. relatives, for they are devils, nor to the doctors for dissec-
tion. to
; ln passing sentence do not pray for me; I pray
sentenced the
I Heaven for vengeance." Judge Ogden then
- prisoner to be hung on the sth day of January neat,
be-
tween 10 o'clock a,rn., and 2 o'clock p,tn.

BENSON'S WATCHES.
"Perfection
of mechanism,"--Morning Post.
Gold Watches 4 to 100 guineas.
Silver Watches
33 and 31, Ludgate-hill, London, E.C.
Send 2 stamps for Benson's Illustrated Pamphlet on Watches

ROYAL

ENGLISH OPERA,
COVENT-GA RDEN.
Under the manazement of Miss L. Pync and Mr.W. Harrison
THIS EVENING, DINO R A H. Messrs. Santley, IT.
Corri, St. Albyn, and W. Harrison. Misses Pilling, Th..rl-
- and Miss Louisa Pyrie.
Conductor, Alfred Mellon.
Ballet, LA FIANCE. Messrs. W. H. Payne, 11. Payne,
F. Payne, Mdlle. Lcquine, Pasquale, Pierron,lNlons. Vandris.
Doors open at hilt-past 7—Commence at 8 o'clock.

THEATRE-ROYAL, HAYMARKET.
Lessee, Mr. J. B. Buckstone.
THIS ETENING the performances will commenee with
THE CONTESTED ELECTION. Mr. and Mts. Charles
Mathews, Mr. Buckstoue, &c.
After which (by desire), PAUL I'liY.
Commence at 7.

ROYA L P R INCE S S'S THEATRE.—
Lessee, Mr. A. Harris.
THIS EVENING, the performances will commence with
a new drama, entitled THE MASTER PASSION. Messrs.
Ryder, G. Melville, Graham, R. Cathcart, Garden ; Miss C.
lec!ereq, and Mrs. Charles Young.
Alter which, PUSS ; or, Metempysychosis. Miss L. Keeley.
To be followed by a dramatic tableau in Wat teau colours,
by J. R. Planclie, Esq., entitled LOVE AND FORTUNE.

NE NV - THEATRE - ROYAL, Al) ELPHI.
Sole Proprietor and Manager, Mr. Beni. Webster.
THIS EVENTN (2nd thee) THE DEAD HEART. Mr.
B. Webster. J. L. Toole, David Fisher, Paul Bedford. Stuart,
Billington, C. J. Smith, Eburne, Moreland; Miss Woolgar,
and Miss K. Kelly.
Followed by (fifth time) a piece of extravagance, Fealled
DLNOR Alf -CNDJ. Smith ER D,
Eburne, anTd Miss K. Ks.llJ. I FFIC piece
IE S. Megsr L. Toole,
P. Bedford, C. Kelly
Doors open at half-past six—Commence at seven. Box-
noro (men from 10 to 5. No charge for securing seats,
tar bills of performance. All fees to servants of this
establishment arc strictly prohibited.
• .A.cting Manager—Mr. Wna. Smith.

OYAL ST. JAMES'S THEATRE,
_ILL King-street, St. James's. Lessee, Mr. T. B. Chatter-
ton. The nearest Theatre to Chelsea, Pimlico, and West-
minster, the Park being open to carriages and foot passen-
gers all hours of the night.
THIS EVENING, a new Comedy, LONDON PRIDE ; or,
Living for Appearances.. Messrs. Leigh Murray, Barrett,
Charles Young ; 3lesdames Frank Matthews, Murray, and
Nelly More.
Followed by MAGIC TOYS, support by Miss Lydia
Thompson, Miss Clara St. Casse, and a numerous Corps de
Ballet.
To conclude with the New and Original Burlesque, by L.
Buckingham, Esq., of VIRGINIUS ; or the Trials of a Fond
Papa.
Reduced Prices—Gallery, 6d ; Pit, Is. The Box-office open
from 11 to 5 daily. Doors open at half-past six ; perform
ance commences at 7.

ASTLEY'S ROYAL AMPHITHEATRE,
Westminster-road.
Sole Lessee Mr. William Cooke.
Every Night the successful Drama, by Tom Taylor, Esq.,
entitled GARIBALDI, supported by Mr It. Phillips, Bel-
more, Raymond, Miis Kate Carson —PoWerful- Company—
Full stud of trained Steeds—Great Military Tableaux—
Scenes in the Circle by 111011 e. Marguerite, Signor Isacilti,
the wonderful Italian Equestrian, Miss Bosina and John
Henry Cooke—Clowns, 3,1 essrs. Croueste, Rowella, and the
Parisian Grotesques—terminating with an exceedingly droll
Ballet entitled LOVE'S VAGARIES.
Stage Manager. Mr. R. Phillips

CANTERBURY HALL CONCERTS.—
EVERY EVENING.—The 311.191 C of Verdi's Opera of
MACBETH (now first made public in England at these Con-
certs).
And a Grand Selection from Meyerbeer's new opera of
DINORAH.
Comic Vocalists —Messrs. Georg-e Tiorison (the Trish
dian and 3limic), W. T. Critchfield, and E. W. 3lackney. Come-
Several interestin7; Pictures are added to the Fine Arts
Gallery. The suite of Halls have been re-decorated and
beautified, and constitute one of the most unique and brilliant
eights of the metropolis.
ROSA BONHEUR'S celebrated PICTURE of the HORSE
FAIR is now added to the already magnificent Collection of
Paintings in the Canterbury Hall Fine Arts Gallery. The
gallery is open from 9 a.m. till 12 p.m. Admission, Six-
pence.

THE WEATHER.—SuN OFFICE, NOVEMBER 11.
THERMOMETER, IN THE SHADE.
46—highest since noon yesterday.
40—lowest this morning and during the night.
49—this day at noon.
BAROMETER—Up to 30.73—n0w 30.67.
WIND, Southerly; light, with fine weather. Morning
foggy.

HIGH WATER AT LONDON BRIDGE.
THIS DAY.—Mornin7, lh. 58m.—Afternoon,, 2h. 16m,
To-Moßnow-Morning, 2h. 34m.—Afternoon, 2h. 52m,

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THE SUN.

FRIDAY, NOVEMBER 11, 1859.

If .a telegram just received may be relied :on, the
hopes we have expressed below are fallacious.
Louis NAPOLEON is bad enough to urge the King
of SARDINIA not to allow Prince CARIGNAN to
accept the Regency of the Duchies, and VICTOR
EMANUEL wants courage to resist him. The in-
tolerable despotism of our " ally" in Italy ought
really to come to an end. We should be
sorry to bring England into the affair by
urging her to offer advice she is not
prepared to sustain ; but as Louis NAPOLEON does
not mean to appeal to arms about Central Italy, he
has proclaimed that the field is open for diplomacy
merely. If so, why should not Lord J. RUSSELL
offer counter advice? Why should he not tell
VICTOR EmMANUEL that this country thinks he ought
to have accepted the crown of the Duchies when
offered, but that the least he can do is not to drive
them to desperation by refusing their last moderated
proposal. England will be almost insulted before
Europe if, after the repeated avowals of her wishes,
LOUIS NAPOLEON be allowed to play the dog in
the manger, in this style, with Central Italy. The
States, there, would not have his worthless cousin
for King; so they shall nit have VICTOR
EMMANUEL'S cousin even for Regent ! FARINI,
and FANTI, and GARIBALDI are now released from
every moral obligation whatever to regard any-
thing but their One great object—ltalian independ-
ence; and it is to be hoped they will not have got
their million of muskets in vain.

Two new incidents of unequal importance, but
both, we trust, destined to tell effectively on the
side of Italian independence, have occurred within
the last few days. Werefer to Lord ELLENBOROUGII'S
letter,and the news which immediately followed that
the Duchies and the Romagna have asked Prince
CARIGNAN to accept the Regency of those States.

We hail the domestic event as one of the most
favourable augury. Lord ELLENBOROUGII is known
all over the continent as one of the ablest of the
English Conservative party, and one whose abilities
always command- deference even from oppo-
nents. He is known as the man whom, indeed, the
old ladies of the India House recalled from India, be-
cause he was too much their superior to be
endured, but who knew how to govern there,
and especially knew how to select the right
man for the right place; witness his treatment of.
Sir CHARLES NArIER, the conqueror of Scinde, and
compare it with what he afterwards received from
a regular ILE.LC. Governor and the Company.
This is the man who speaks. for Italian indepen-
dence, and that notwithstanding his Tory predi-
lections for Austrian domination, which show
themsel,:es, negatively, by his not inditing a single
-word against it, while he does not fail to indicate
his sentiments respecting Napoleonism.
This is the man who also subscribes to put arms
into the hands of the Italians and expects others to
follow his example, showini that he is in earnest,
and that his Toryism is of the kind which would
even fight for national independence. It is re-
markable that two staunch Tory lords of such very
different temperament, he and Lord SHAFTESBITItY,
have been amongst the most earnest advocates,
here, of Italian independence. The latter, it may be
said, chiefly cares to get Bibles into Italy—good
ammunition, too, against despotism and priestcraft.
Those curses of humanity have rarely survived a
conflict with a free circulation and free exposition
of the Sacred Volume. Let Lord ELLENBOROUGII,
therefore, send his muskets, and Lord SHAM SBURY
his Bibles if they like, Tyrants and priests dread
both. And this is the man who, as in India, knows

how to point in Italy also to the man for the Hour—
the very man whomwe designated the other dayin
the same manner ; and we cannot but be gratified to
find such an administrator as Lord ELLENDOROEGII
so entirely concurring with us—since we regard
him as possessing eminently that important fa-
culty for a statesman, the capacity for se-
ccting his servants w ell—his lordship says,—
There is in Italy one man who has at once a head
to direct, a hand to execute, and a heart which
tells him what is right. That man is GARIBALDI.
Let the Italians follow where he leads, and they
will at least acquire the honour which has been so
long unknown to them as a people. He has no
measures to observe with France. If ho should
obtain success, he will not consent to hold the pro-
vinas he liberates as a fief of the French Empire.
He will not lend himself to the carrying out of the
idea of the first NAPOLEON, that France should
be surrounded by week dependent States."
It must surely prove of the best augury for Italy that
such a man should so powerfully back the sincere
desires of the present Ministry for Italian freedom
—desires to which we trust they will be enabled
to give diplomatic effect. They will do so
in proportion as such a man as GARIBALDI
obtains the power "to direct, to execute, and
to do what is right." A patriot army in his hands
will be an argument which all the despots and
diplomatists north of the Alps would rather not
meet. Of course they could by combination crush
him ; but it must be in a cause so infernally odious,
and at such a cost of blood as well as obloquy, that
they will shrink from it. GARIBALDI and a strong
army is the chief hope of Italy, and Lord ELLEN-
BOROUGH has done something towards giving him

one.

The unanimous election of the cousin of the
King of SARDINIA, Prince CARIGNAN, as Regent,
till the condition of Central Italy is settled, is again
a well-advised step. 'We can only hope that he will
not, like his Royal cousin, refuse the offer. The elec-
tion, on the part of the States of Central Italy, must
be received as the answer to the impudent
letter of the Emperor of the FRENCH. Impudent,
if we view it in any other light than as an honour-
able sequel to his folly at Villafranca. Louis
NAPOLEON is, of course, a man of his word and of
his oath. He has never violated either, and could
not now begin to do so merely to make Sardinia
strong, when the NAPOLEON policy is, avowedly,
to surround France with weak nations, among
whom she may sit as a Queen. Should Prince
CARIGNAN accept the offer, it will be the next best
thing to actual union with Piedmont; some even
suggest that it may be, in certain aspects of the
case, a better thing. That the old Italian jea-
lousies might revive if all the capitals but one must
renounce their pretensions. We cannot say we think
so. The Italians have suffered so much from dis-
union, they have had it so deeply burnt into
their minds, that thorough union is their only
hope of safety, that the present generation have
well learnt that lesson. Austria and her brutalities
have done that service at least, to the little states
south of the Po, and north of it too. The rising
generation will also learn it as a sacred maxim from
their own greatest historian that diem singuh pug-
nant universi Vincuntur—a maxim which every
father will give every son, as the first copy he shall
write ; and point him to the long periods subsequent
to Tacitus as its superabundant proof. Success is,
we know, but too apt to divide those who were
fused together in adversity, but we imagine that
with the great military hosts always so near them,
north of the Alps, the impending danger will al-
ways be such as to make union an obviously sacred
duty.

It certainly does appear that bold coun
sels, are now the counsels for Italy. We
can fully comprehend the difficulty of VICTOR
EMMANUEL as an honourable Prince. He may feel
that, as he owes Lombardy to the gift of France,
and so far as the number of combatants go, to her
arms, he can hardly retain the gift, and refuse the
conditions. The world has not seen however, yet,
any conditions by which he is bound to refuse the
spontaneous offer of independent States. We should
like to know whether, if those States hadbeen will-
ing to throw themselves into the arms of Austria
or of France, we should have heard a breath of
opposition to the offer from either power. The
spontaneity of the act would have pleaded against
all diplomatic arguments, and soldiers, and a fleet
too, had it been France, would have been in readiness
to answer all military arguments. Why, then,
should Sardinia be debarred the course which the
" Great Powers" would most certainly have taken,
under the like circumstances ? But if
the King of SARDINIA feel any reluctance
either on the score of honour, or of
power, Prince CARIGNAN is at least quite
free from the former, and we trust nothing will in-
duce the King of SARDINIA to refuse his assent. It
is well understood that he has not accepted the ad-
vice of " Sire, my cousin," and it is time for him to
remember that he also is a king, an Italian king.
That if others, French or German, would not have
refused the proffered crown, much less ought he,
who is one with those who offered them in nation-
ality, in language, in sentiments, and in blood.

England has had reason to watch with jealousy

the recent threatenings of war upon the borders of

Morocco. The seat-of-war, supposing war actually

to result from those threatenin,gs, immediately con-
fronts our own strong fortress at the mouth of the
Mediterranean. Supposing the contest (if contest
there really is to be in that particular quarter of
the globe) actually commenced—it were idle to
suppose that it would be a mere border struggle be-
tween the troops of the Spanish Queen and those
of the Moorish Emperor. A far more formidable

Power than either Spain or Morocco, or both

of them put together, is already directly, not in-
directly, but directly, involved in these transac-
tions. There is France, with a despotic ruler and
an army of 500,000 disciplined soldiers, and a
maritime armament second only to that of Britain
—France who has already the grand Archimedian
Standing-point in North Africa, namely, the mag-
nificent colony of Algeria. Were Spain and Mo-
rocco to come into collision upon the paltry matter of
the Riff pirates—that riffraff of the human race—
the inevitable, the notorious consequence would be,
that France would participate with the former in
crushing the ancient power of his Imperial Majesty
the Moorasll SULTAN ! And cut of that combined,
enterprise on the part of the Franco-Spanish armies,
who can say what might follow ? Could the probable
consequence be foretold, even by Mr. URQUHART,
the author of the " Pillars of llEttcuLEs ?" Might
it not rather be recognised, as the phrase is, with
even half an eye by the veriest tyro in politics, the
merest dabbler in the study of geography i' Gib-
raltar might soon afterwards be confronted by
another sphynx-like and firmidable pile of fortiii•
cations—fortifications grimly confronting our own
permanently upon the opposite shores, the African
shores, of the Straits (better known as the Gut) of
Gibraltar. From one of the pillars of lIIERcuLEs
the royal standard of England has long been
flying triumphantly. Is it desirable that from the
other there should speedily be unfurled the Impc-

rial tricolor of France, emblazoned with the Eagle
of NAPOLEON ?
It is told of DovoLAs JERROLD that when
some one was exulting over the then recent
arrangement of the glorious alliance between
France and England, the wit observed, with a
sneer, —" Glorious ? The Alliance between France
and England ?-The best thing I know between
France and England is—the Channel !" Even Sir
CHARLES COLDSTREAM could hardly hare said of
this sarcastic ?not that " there was nothing in it !"
Whatever any of us may think, or say, or write
upon the subject of the Alliance (wishing it all
the while with our whole heart and soul to be last-
ing, and, if possible, perpetual) there is something
in that witticism of JERRoLD's nevertheless ! The
Channel really and truly is, after all, about the
best thing there could well be—better even than
the Alliance—between France and England.
Granting which, as we must grant it, if we are en-
dowed with even thewsmallest modicum of the most
ordinary common sense—how far can it be in any
way desirable that our advanced posts in Europe,
the advanced posts of France and England should be
divided henceforth not by the width of the Chan-
nel, but by the narrowness of the Gut of Gibraltar?
Yet that is precisely the prospect, the possibility,
the probability, we might even say, opened up to
view by this threatened war between the Moors
on the one side, and the French and Spanish sol-
diers-on the other, along the borders of the olden
empire of Morocco ! No wonder England has been
on the alert. No wonder the noble lord, her MA-

JESTY'S Foreign Secretary, has felt himself con-
strained by the double dictates, we might
rather say by the synonymous dictates
of loyalty and patriotism to evidence
upon this point a peculiar degree of vigilance.
Because England has now, for a long period, held
possession of Gibraltar—that surely is no reason
why France should now be afforded the tempting
opportunity of taking forcible possession of Cueta.
The age of territorial spoliation, at any rate,
so close at hand, is, by general agreement
among the great Powers of Europe, understood to
be at an end. The French Empire, according
to the reigning Cesar there, this third NAPOLEON,
is—Peace ! The Crimean war to the contrary, not-
withstanding—the Italian war ditto—yet the ruler
of France did utter those words at Bordeaux. It
is well for our diplomatists to recall the occasion as
often as possible to the memory of our imperial ally.
It is desirable that our Foreign Minister should
strive to pin the policy of oar ally, if possible, down
to that implied in his own programme—if nowhere
else upon the African coast, just immediately oppo-
site Gibraltar.
During the last two or three months we have
heard through advices from that rocky fastness
nothing more audibly than the rumours of war
hard by it ! The Gibraltar Chronicle, if it has in-
timated it once, has intimated it dozens and dozens of
times, under date Gibraltar, September, under date
Gibraltar, October, under date Gibraltar, November,
that " from the upper signal station at [such an
hour] this day heavy guns were heard in the direc-
tion of Tangier !" Over and over again we have
read the same announcement. The Rock has been
continually"frighted from its propriety" by the same
intermitent sounds of firing. The English people, the
English Crown, the English Minister must look
well to it that the threat of war there shall, if our
influence can possibly prevent it, be ended, shall

be crushed out and precluded from the chance of
realisation. O'DoNNELL may be bent upon pro-
moting the quarrel with a selfish view merely
to the acquisition thereby of some share of
military glory—but England has full and
sufficient reason to baulk the Spanish up-
start in his ambitious designs, and to put the
sincerity of the French Imperial alliance now
directly to the test, if only with an eye to the main-
tenance of her ancient prestige, and pride, and
power upon her grand rocky stronghold at the
gates of the Mediterranean.