The Sun.
London, England, 1861-04-19 00:00:00

POLAND.

A letter from Warsaw, dated April 10, says:—
You are already aware that when on Saturday, the
6th instant, it was reported that the Agricultural
Society was dissolved, the people received the news
with indignation. Next morning the streets and
squares were filled with crowds. At 12 o'clock
more than 50,000 people had assembled before the
house of the Land Credit Society, numbers of gar-
lands of flowers were tbrown on the balconies, which
were literally covered with them, and patriotic
songs, including Dombrowski's march (" Poland is
not yet lost") were sung by the crowd. They then
proceeded to Count Andrew Zamoyski's palace, and
sent him a deputation from among themselves to
express their grief at the new order issued by the
Government, which dissolved the society, and thank
him for all the proofs he had given of his real devo-
tion public good. On being persuaded to
appearto h
at
tthe balcony, Count Zamoyski thanked
the people for this expression of their sympathy'
but begged and prayed of them to keep quiet and
refrain from any extreme measures, as the future
of their country depended upon the maintaining a
temperate and dignified attitude. The crowd dis-
persed quietly, but re-assembled in the Cracow
suburb, where it filled the square before the castle.
Suddenly a detachment of Cossacks and a battalion
of infantry made their appearance, and placed

themselves in line in front of the castle. The people
'. were summoned to retire, but refused to do so
until the soldiers were recalled. The Viceroy
came out on foot, with a whip in his hand, and
cried to the people " domoi !" (go home), to which
they answered that they were at home, but that it
n was for him to go away. The Viceroy, after a
1 moment's pause, which must have appeared an in-
supportable one to him, determined on returning to
L" his palace, and was greeted with derisive bravos,
hisses, and shouts of laughter on his way. A little
d later he again came out, but this time on horseback,
y and accompanied by a battalion of infantry. They
seemed to be undecided as to the course which should
li now be taken. The people still filled in crowds the
square and the street. The soldiers were ordered
d to advance in close order, then to charge, and thus
e to sweep the streets. The troops advanced slowly
-, and the people retired ; they were then halted, and
ordered to shoulder their arms. The soldiers then
0 retired, followed by the people. The crowd was
n begged to retire, and they consented to do so when
the soldiers should be withdrawn. On this being
e done, the bravos of the people filled the air, after
'f which they quietly dispersed to their homes. Next
morning, it being a holiday, the streets were filled
with people. Several deputations from the citi-
zens were refused admission to the castle. At 4
o'clock, the body of one of those who had re-
f turned :from Siberia and had died the day before
yesterday, was to be removed from the Protestant
1 church to the cemetery. About 20,000 followed
- the hearse. Meanwhile a squadron of gens-
s darmes, a sotnia of Cossacks, and a battalion of
infantry had formed in line before the castle,
where some cannon was also got ready. Several
people were walking in the street, mostly composed
of women. At 5 o'clock J— was returning from a
patient in the old town, and in passing from St.
John-street to the Castle-square he saw a cab, in
which were two women, attacked by gensdarmes,
) who would not allow the cabman to go on to Pod-
! wal-street, whither he said he was taking the
women. They struck him, knocked him down with
their sabres, and then took him to the castle with
the carriage. Just then an officer, accompanied by
a drummer, after beat of drum, loudly declared that
if the crowd did not disperse they would be fired at.
There were very few persons in the street at the
time. A postchaise passed, and the postilion played
the air "Poland is not yet lost." The officer again
advanced with the drummer, and again read aloud
the summons to retire. The same was repeated a
third time. The few people who wore on the pave-
ment did not stir. But the crowds who were at
this moment returning from the funeral came:out
of Senator-street, singing hymns. The troops, on
seeing this compact mass of people approach, re-
ceived them with a volley. A great many were
wounded, and some killed on
,the spot. The crowd
threw away their sticks, fell on their knees, and
sang the national hymn; and ou this crowd, that
implored the justice of heaven, the troops fired.
They also fired in the direction of the Cracow suburb,
killing about 10, and wounding 100. Here, too, at
the first shot, the priests of the church of the Ber-
nardins came out with their crosses, fell on their
knees, and sang hymns. The cavalry then charged
on them, throwing down and cutting to pieces all
in their way. The troops seized the dead and
wounded, and dragged their still palpitating
bodies to the castle. The others surrounded the
men and women who were kneeling before the
statue of the Virgin, and continuing their religious
hymns, ready to suffer martyrdom. Thus ended
this sad and dreadful day, on which the people
acted with a self sacrifice truly sublime. This
massacre of unarmed people, who had even thrown
away their sticks to avoid even the shadow of a
provocation, was a massacre much more sacrilegious
than that in Syria. Upwards of 30 were killed on
the spot, and more than 200 wounded ; but in order
to take away all proofs of the falsehoods the Go-
vernment was about to spread in Europe, the dead
were carefully kept from the hands of the citizens.
On Tuesday evening, the newspapers published a
narrative of these two days drawn up by the Go-
vernment. The Russians are, both by nature and
principle, false and deceitful. This time they gave
another proof that they are always the same. They
asserted, in the most unblushing manner, that the
people had attacked and killed two Russians. These
two Russians were soldiers belonging to the detach-
ment which acted as a patrol, and was just passing
the crowd in Senator-street, when the troops fired.
A certain Col. Reuter, I believe, who with Liprandi,
Chorlew, Kotzebue, and Painutin, were opposed to
firing on unharmed persons, on receiving the order
to fire, went into the Viceroy's rooms and blew his
brains out. During the night of Tuesday all the
dead who had been taken into private houses were
removed, and numbers of people whose names are as
yet unknown were arrested. The town is in a state
of intense excitement and anxiety. The people
wished to avenge themselves by re-enacting the
Sicilian Vespers. Fortunately the more moderate
party has succeeded in restraining them by pointing
out the uselessness and wickedness of such an act