The Sun.
London, England, 1857-07-16 00:00:00

Naval and military intelligence.

The following six regiments of infantry will, in
all probab lity, proceei to India as soon as trans-
port, for their convey..nce can be procure]—viz.,
.he 20th, 34th, 42d, 54th, 97th, and the Rifle Bri-
gade, 2d Battalion. With the reinforcements al-
ready embarking, together with the troops on pas-
sage to China, wh ) will in all likelihood go to Cal-
cutta instead, and three regiments from Persia and
Ceylon, the Bengal force is now being strengthened
by about 25,000 of the Queen's troops.
The second division of the 88th Connaueht Ran-
gers, comprising the head-quarters, embarked yes-
terday morning at Portsmouth dockyard. The
troops left their, quarters at Cole wort Rirracks at
8 o'clock, preceded by their band arid that of the
19th Foot, and marched to Use dockyard in first-rate
condi ion. They embarked in the freigbtship Surrey,
1,089 tons, Capt. Ferris, under the superintendence
of Major-Gen. Breton, commanding the South-West
Dis riot ; Assistant-Quartermaster-General Wright,
Brigade Major Nelson, and the naval authorities.
The ship is a new one, and -possesses commodious
accommodation for troops. Those embarked yes-
terday consisted of Lieut.-C:.l. G. V. Maxwell,
C. B.; Capt 3. H. J. Le M. Baynes and G. It.
Browne, with their wives ; Lieuts. F. Hall, R.
Vernor, E. E. Hass in, T. Burke, H. Waring, and
J. Evans (adjutant); Ensigns F. M. Mitchell, E. de
Blaquier e, W. Hatfield, W. King, and M. Buchanan;
Surgeon J. Dunlop, M.D., 539 rank and file, 19
women, and 15 children. Major Mauleverer would
have gone in the Surrey, but was summoned to the
H. use of Commons on a Speaker's warrant, and
will not embark until the next detachment goes.
Wyrley Birch went in his stead. The Surrey
was towel out of Portsmouth harbour at. halt-past
5 last evening, and the troops were loudly cheered
from the shore, which compliment the gallant 88th
returned. The weather was very fine, and officers
and men seemed in the highest spirits. The CaLtbar,
which is to take the third portion of the 88th,
arrived at Spithead from London yesterday, goes
into Portsmouth harbour to-day, and will embark
her troops to-morrow, and sail on Saturday. The
last portion will embark on the 22d in the Cambo-
dia, which was hourly expected at Portsmouth
when this report left. All other ships ordered to
embark troops at Portsmouth are to be towed fro .n
the Thames to that port to save time and insure
punctuality in their despatch.
Owing to the large number of troops proceeding
from Chatham to India, for the purpose of joining
the head-quarters of their respective regiments in
Bengal, Madras, and Bombay, the depot companies
of the India regiments at that garrison have been
reduced far below their required strength. An order
was accordingly received at Chatham yester-
day, directing that recruiting patties are to pro-
ceed immediately to various stations fur the
rpeugripmoesnetsofno
now serving
men
erinvingin Ifonrdia,thavizf..o:l—lowlolng
h
Foot, 24th, 29th, 32d, 52d (Light Infantry), both
(Royal Rifles), 3d battalion, 61st, 74,h (Highland-
ers), 78th (Highlanders), 81st, 86th, and 87th
(Royal Irish Fusileers) Regiments. Nearly 3,000
of the most efficient troops have been given by the
depots at Chatham to the regiments now in India.
On Tuesday three officers and 176 rank and file
of the 60th Rifles arrived at Dublin by the steamer
Timora, from Jersey. After disembarking the
troops formed on the quay, and proceeded to tne
Richmond Barracks, where they will remain until
the arrival of the transport at Kingstown, which is
to c)nvey them, with other troops, to India.
The following letter, dat2d from H. M. sloop
Cyclops, St. John's, Newfoundland, July 1, gives
some interesting particulars respecting the survey
of the cause for the Atlantic telegraph cable :
"As the opening a communication between Ireland
and Newfoundland by submarine telegraph is now occu-
pying a considerable amount of public attention, a few
particulars of the proceedings of her Majesty's steam
sloop Cyclops, Lieut. Dayman, appointed to survey the
course for the bed of the cable, may not be unacceptable.
She has within the last three weeks determined the
depths of the ocean on the exact line on which it is pro-
posed to lay the cable. It has been found that the bed
of the ocean varies considerably in depth between the
two termini ; it will therefore be of considerable import-
ance that in laying down the cable allowance be made
fir the several inequalities. Various subjects of scien•
t!fio interest will, it is confidently hoped, receive some
glirgehattfdroempthtls7 Cyclops' voyage, as she has succeeded in
atnhedm in,
ascertaining the temperature and density of the water at
and bringing
and preserving
mfro th bee
ocean specimens of its formation in considerable quant'-
esamplesf
h
of water from e
ties. These specimens present some curious anomalies,
being composed partly of micsrosoopic marine animalet
and also, in one instance, nearly in mid ocean, and from
a depth of about 1,580 fathoms, of portions of a shell
which when perfect must have been the tenement of a
much larger animal than we have reason to believe has
ever been found or procured from such depths; particles
of stoats have also been brought up from the greatest
depths, and on approaching the Newfoundland coast, at
the distance of 150 miles, the whole of the bottom was
one gravel bank to the meridian of 52 deg. The Cyclops
received from the authorities every facility for carrying
out the duties she has been engaged in, but the limited
time allowed her has taxed to the utmost the ingenuity
and energies of her officers and men."

The Vulcan, iron steam troopship, lately paid off
at Portsmouth and dismantled, is ordered to have
her rig altered from a ship to a blrque, and to be
got ready immediately for further service.

The William Hammond freightship, lately ar-
rived at Portsmouth with part of the 36th Regi-
ment from Jamaica, is again taken up by the Go
vernment to convey troops for India.
Her Majesty's steam-frigate Tribune, 31, Capt.
H..Edgell, arrived at Hong Kong on the 14th of
May in 60 days from Callao, having had fine wea-
ther across. A letter from her says:—" She touched
at the Sandwich Islands for coal, all well on board.
She is ordered up Vie river. Pearl and Esk daily
expected, A court-martial was held on board the
Nankin on the 22d, to try the carpenter for drun-
kenness and using mutinous expressions towards
the first lieutenant. The Cuurt was composed of
Capt. Edg9ll, President ; Captains Shadwell, of
the Highflyer ; Hall, of the Calcutta; Commanders
Corbett and Rolland, and Mr. W. Jeans, Judge-
Advocate. The prisoner was sentenced to be dis-
missed the service. Alt quiet up the river. The
Chinese are strongly fortifying some of the creeks
where their junks are cullected in large numbers.
The squadron is healthy."
Capt. J. Robb has been appointed naval aide-de-
camp to the Queen, vice Rear-Admiral Smart, who
has attained flag rank by the demise of Admiral Sir
R. H. Bromley.

The Eist India Company's Government have
been pleased to !present the sum of 1,0001. to Mr.
J. Anderon, Inspector of machinery in Woolwich
Arsenal, as an acknowledgment of their apprecia-
tion of the value of his patent bullet machinery, re-
ceotly introduced into their service in India.
Thy Royal Dutch ste liner Cycloop, which con-
veyed her Majesty the Queen of Holland and suite
to Woolwich, left on her return voyage to Hel-
voetsluys yesterday at noon. Toe Pioneer steam,
vessel, fi.ted with a bow on Griffith's plan, wos
yesterday tried down. the river. An officer of the
engineer department of Woolwich and some Go-
vernment officials were on board by order of the
Admiralty.
The following appointments were made yesterday
at the Admiralty
G.j3 or ia CommanderseJ. S
,to thevecuoloomanbe;, tiao tehe ut.V.wulo.anu.;
Stone,lAieut

to the L'qmard ; F. B. Henwood, master,l to the
Coastguard; E. J. Kemp, •master, to the Coast-
guird ; W. E. S. &bine, naktshiprnan, to the
Leopard ; John Lyon, paymaster, to the Amethyst.

CURRENCY AND'iWITCHCRAFT.

(Front the Derbyshire Courier.)

While the. Bank Charter Act Committee is
quietly pursuing its investigations we patiently
await its award, convinced that good must arise
fr6m the discussion of an important public ques-
tion, and that, at the least, much useful statistical
information will be elicited. As we never expect-
ed that this committee would "set the matter at
re,t," we sha'l not be disappointed if it fails to pro-
pose adequate reformations of our currency abuses;
end should its decision be decidedly adverse to our
convicticur, while we lament that such should be
the case on the nation's account, it will not induce
us to relax in the lest degree in our efforts to. ob-
tain Currency Reform.
In the meanwhile., however, rumours penetrate
to our remote locality that the Bullionist part of
the committee are not likely to have it entirely
their own. way. Lord 0 verstorie himself believes,
it is said,lthat his -craft is in danger, and has pre-
sented himself this week before the committee as

a witness to confirm the wavering courage of the
Chancellor, and scatter to the winds the ingenious
sophistries of -those who refuse to t orship the gol-
den image which the Nebuchadnezzar of Lothbury
has set up!

The Times writer of the City article appears to
be like Lord Overstone, uneasy, in his mind.
" Sober dulness always loves a joke," whe'reby our
City correspondent lifts up the heavy heels of his
metallic understanding and indulges in unwonted
antics at the expense of the Currency Reformers of
this realin. " The public," he says, "have been
recently astonished by the prevalence of the belief
in witchcraft." And he proceeds to class the be-
lievers in anti-builionist principles wiih Close who
believe in witchcraft.

Every one knows that we, currency men have led
the life of "toads under a harrow" since the Times
began to smash us. How any of us survive to this
day is a wonder. But a genine currency man is
remarkably tenacious of life. He cannot be washed
out by floods of nonsense, or poundel to death by
heaps of abuse. And so it comes to pass that our
friendOf the Times while he accuses' us of Witch-
craft, expresses his astonishment that currency
wit Ates abound. "In tha commercial world," he
says, " where all is thought to be plain hard sense,
professors of alchemy are to be found at every cor-
ner," to wit, your currency wizards. Why here
truly is fa wonderful thing ! After all that the
Peelites and the Times have done to enforce t'e
conclusions of " plain hard sense," " professors in
alchemy," that is to say,- currency reformers, " are
to he found at every corner," and to infrease the
marvel we are further told that they not only
boldly proclaim their faith, but are Widely regarded
as financial authorities of a high and impenetrable
nature."
We believe this statement to be "So far true as
that there is an increased and increasing opinion in
the commercial world that Peel's monetary systeni
is a bad cue.

Our contemporary goes on as he thinks to fight
the battle of " plain hard sense" and " common
people" against the modern " professors of al-
chemy." We give his words :

"To common people nothing can seem plainer than
that an exzeas of expenditure over income cannot be kept
up indefinitely, but must sooner or later produce bank-
ruptcy. If a nation runs a career of luxury, and absorbs
foreign products of all kinds without manufacturing a
sufficient amount of goods such as foreigners will ac-
cept in exchange, they must, of course, part with their
gold and silver, and when all this is exhausted tra le
must come to a stand. The entire doctrine of the
foreign exchanges is here summed up, and but for the
interminable pamphlets and speeches of the mystery-
men, who will not let a plain matter stand, the world
would never have had an idea that there are any depth
ef finance to be sounded beyond the simple rule of keep.
ing your outgoings within the limit of your incomings.
But the gentlemen in quest'on, whose name is Legion;
have agreed upon a theory that this necessity, although
it may apply to individuals, has no bearing on the
mutual intercourse of nations?, and that by the use of
certain methods, with regard to 'which they none of
them coincide, each, insisting'-that he has a specific of
his own, a nation may enjoy the power of purchasing the
goods of foreigners to any extent. However great nsay
be the demand for money, enough can constantly be
created to meet it, so that, no matter what quantities
may be sent abroad, the supply at home shall always be
equable."
Poor Mr. Bull is here rather hardly dealt with.
But John is a far more enduring man than the i
much-enduring Ulysses of the father of poetry.
John, said the political economist, after Peel's
bill had brought the country to the verge of ruin
in 1822, what have you been about ? You've ruined
yourself by over-production. You have worked too
hard, been too industrious. You have over pro-
duced so much bread, and young John at Manches-
ter has over produced so much clothing, that you
and. he are, as a matter of course, half fed and half
clothed. Very true, said John, no doubt it is so.
By and bye John was told that over-population
was the source of all his woes. What business had
John, a mere working man, with a wife and six
children. Very true, again, said John: Parson
Malthus told me, when I went to put in the banns,
that it was contrary to the law of nature for a poor
fellow like me to be married. I wish I had taken
his word.

Well, having arrived at 1857, our friend of the
Times tells John that over-consumption is ruining
him.

"If a nation runs a career of luxury, and absorbs
foreign products of all kinds without manufacturing a
sufficient amount of goods such as foreigners will accept
is txchange, they must, of course, part with their got]
and silver, and when all this is exhausted trade must
come to a stand."

Probably John will admit this also, confess that
he is an enormous glutton, that he has wasted his
substance with riotous living, and that, in short-,
over-consumption has raised discounts to 6 or 7
per cant., and left him without money enough to
carry on trade.
But we have heard nothing but congratulations
from the limes' writers, for several years past, pn
the increase of our exports. Foreigners appear
quite willing to " accept " any amount of goods
with which we can supply them, and the indys-
tiious producers of this country are from yedr's
end to yew's end hard at work manufacturing for
foreigners. Whatever we require we can buy, and
we could as easily buy gold and silver with our
commodities as any other things, were gold and
silver replaced in their natural position as mere
commodities. It is because we have—and the com-
mercial necessities of the nation require that we
should have—a large circulating medium, consistjug
partly of paper and partly of gold, the wholct of
which circulation is made to flue Hate as the gold
against which a part only of that circulation is issued
fluctuates, that we are threatened with " bank-
ruptcy." Hence our currency is contracted, cur
exports indeed increase but they are sold at pricas
which a-e unreinunerative, until the foreigner,
°cBewhi-t4ehid's nominal be
finding that it pays him to import gold into ilng-
land, brings back the basis of our currency and
obtains an enormous profit at our expense.
The paper money system, says the Times, is, no
better than modern " alchymy" yet the raper mgiey
oma
against
aaßdßi yneasnatkrs Lordeeac
liu
NotesOrt
yi
.securities.
ieeras sr
L. nutlLoaeotrell
tnedi
saßtnemlta that
national
glioyhotawteflashi
system supported this country through the tun-
parallelled exertions of the war from 1797 to Isls,
enabled the nation to progress and prosper, and
maintained an equable supply of money at home,
and a settled rate of discount, therefore all those
desirable and propitious effects are the results iof a
system no better than " alchymy."
The Times and the Bank Charter Committee will
find that the currency men are prepared nottlnthly
00prOes,:ln0Otaii
remedy.
to state their grievance, but to po.tinotbennis:
issued
el4re
gold at a fixed rate, and we shall have a basis for
octatruet
not
tsawyh, Otohoe,yoooar/e.
ccaolluevde)rtiinbtloe
gold
rives of national securities, and not convertible iinto
at
our circula lug medium not liable to be exported
or withdrawn.
further
notes,
exchequerte s
attr lotoi oTtitsethi
se: eems( eawßareu:kruei tkty
pc) notes, England
price.
us. g,

Let the Times rest assured that the Bank
Charter Committee will go through their work
" without flinching ;" and let the Times remember,
and let the country remember, the ridiculous mis-
takes which their writers have made within the last
few years in treating of monetary matters. Lbt the
Times recollect how, in 1848, they said that the
proceedings of the Bank of France were an h as
would inevitably induce a " national bankrulitcy,"
and how a few months after they admitted that
these measures, by which the power of paper Money
was called into action, had " saved ihe country.
Let the. Times remember how they told us in 1851,
that the rate of interest in this country would
settle down into about 3i per cent—and that since

,n it has been, in 1854, si,
-1 7, end now in 1857, 6 pi
Let the Times recollect how
that "the country was poor,"
day they declared that we wee
prosperity !
Let tale I imes remember the
ebbing tide of " luxury" which
the natural state of things un—_
system. -
Yet even with Free-trade, and the Anstralian and
Californian gold discoveries,,tlie. incineta7.systeni,
which they uphold, has excited its. taeinic:ous and
ruinous effects.
In the meanwhile, -we -cam afford 'to allow the
Tinestocallug; as irrency.Refornrere, ItilaardSi"
" alehytnists," and "magicians." We' respect the
talents and energy of our great - contemporary,
which have mane the Times what it is. ,• We-will
not retaliate. Never, we solemnly assure the cur-
rency writers of th, Times, have ive ventured, even
in thought, to call one oithem a Conjuror.