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London, England, 1861-07-22 00:00:00

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THE SUN, LONDOR, MONDAY EVENING, JULY 22, 1861.

OYAL FREE HOSPITAL, Gray's-inn-road.—
u The AID of the benevolent is earnestly solicited, to
enable the Committee to maintain the efficiency of this great
work of charity.
Treasurer and Banker —Edward 3lasterman, Esq., Nicho-
las-lane.
• -

from a source which during the last 20 years has
contributed beyond any other, in guidance and influ-
ence, to the course of wise commercial legislation
that has made the period memorable, and has alike
conduced to the wealth and material power of the
country, to the stability of its institutions, and to
its friendly relations with other states and nations.
Nor could I on any grounds become a candidate for
a seat in Parliament more willingly than when it is
sought, as you propose, for the express reason that
I have to the best of my ability sustained and pro-
moted this course of action, and along with it the
enlightened policy with respect to foreign, and espe-
cially to Italian affairs, which has placed the name
of England in its due association with the cause of
peace, of justice, and of freedom, and has made the
Administration of Lord Palmerston, in this capital
point, a true representative, not merely of a power-
ful party, but of the great nation of whose affairs it
is intrusted with the charge. I must, however, be-
fore accepting new duties, consider, and especially
with reference to this peculiar juncture, whether I
can undertake them without prejudice to those
. whose public interests are now placed in my hands.
The divided state of opinion in the University of Ox-
ford with respect to myself as one of its reprfisenta-
fives, and the long series of contests so unusual in
academical history, of which I have been the
occasion, might well suggest, and have suggested,
the belef that I could, consistently with my obliga-
tions to my present constituents, and even with a
view to the advantage cf the University, seek to
withdraw from the arena of so many struggles. Yet
were I to entertain any such design, I could not
quit those who, with so much generous indulgence,
have returned me on six occasions during 14 criti-
cal years, except in a manner, which would enable
me to feel that I had exposed them to no prejudice
by the act. It may be enough to say that were I
now to surrender the trust I hold, I should surren-
der it under ciroumstar ces unfavourable to the con-
stituency, and likewise peculiar to the moment ;
among which I may mention these—that the Par-
liament is still young, and that at this time such a
change could scarcely be expected by a widely scat-
tered, and at the same time a closely occupied body.
After maturely weighing the question with a view
to public interests, I have arrived at the conclusion
that I should not by such a step serve the cause, of
which you have in so conspicuous a manner selected
my name as the symbol. I must, therefore, with
the warmest expressions of gratitude for the mani-
festation now before me, beg leave to decline the
honour you propose to confer.—l have the honour
to remain, gentlemen, your much obliged and obe-
dient servant,

rising in a pyramidal shape, is much thinner than
the base ; consequently, the shot passed through,
and losing a great portion of its velocity was hurled
over the Thames ; and, as it appears, fell somewhere
at Barking, three or four miles beyond.
The following appointments were made on Sa-
turday at the Admiralty :—Com. ill. G. H. W. Ross,
to be inspector-commander of the Coastguard, vice
Com. Palmer, whose period of service has expired ;
W. Hemsley, master, to the Wellesley ; E. J. H.
Tucker, master additional, to the Ajax; H. R. Shaw,
paymaster, to the Princess Charlotte ; H. H. Gain,
paymaster, to the Wellesley, in lieu of a clerk.

pOYAL INSURANCE COMPANY,
11- 1•2 29, Lombard-street, London ; and Royal Insurance
Du.ldings, Liverpool.
Subscribed Capital, £2,000,000. Paid-up and Accumulated
Funds exceed £700,000.
MERCAN fILE INSURANCES of every description in
the Port of London and elsewhere freely entertained. This
Company has ever distinguished itself by promptitude and
liberality in the settlement of claims.

ELECTION INTELLIGENCE.

LONDON.

- There is reason to believe that on Wednesday
next Lord J. Russell will apply for the stewardship
of the Chiltern Hundreds, to enable him to vacate
his seat for the City of London, and on that day or
the following one a motion will be made in the
House of Commons for the issue of a writ authoris-
ing a fresh election.

Mr. Wood has deemed it desirable to afford some
explanation of his views with respect to the ques-
tion of church rates, in answer to individual Dis-
senters among the constituency who are understood
to have urged upon him the necessity for a total
and unqualified abolition. His reply is, that every
conscientious objector to church rates should be en-
tirely relieved from their imposition, and he would
not have any Dissenter from the Church, be he of
what denomination he may, taxed for its support.
The requisition to the Lord Mayor continues to re.-
ceive fresh names in considerable numbers. Up to
Saturday evening, the elose of the fourth day, it was
signed by about 5000 of the electors of different
shades of political opinion. Besides a central com-
mittee, which sits daily at the London Tavern, local
committees for, securing his return have been embo-
died in the 18 or 20 different polling districts within
the city. From and after to-day the Liberal party will
have their headquarters at Guildhall Coffeehouse, in
Gresham-street, as on former occasions. They, too,
have established local committees in all the diffe-
rent wards and Parliamentary districts for carry-
ing on the war.
A general meeting of the Liberal party is an-
nounced to take place on Wednesday next, at two
o'clock, at the London Tavern.

" W. E. GLADSTONE.
To the Chairmen of the Liberal Registration
Associations of South Lancashire."

It is rumoured that the Tory party are amply
provided with funds to contest the seat, and it is
further said that the fact of Mr. Gladstone having
declined to come forward has added greatly to their
resolution and augmented their courage in prepar-
ing for a contest.

(<./4z2 -rte

PR1CE......... Ad,
STAMPED .....sd.

STATE OF NAPLES.

(From the Correspondent of the Times.)
NAPLES, JULY 14.

The priests command the country, and whoever
can command or control the priests will do more to-
wards the pacification of the country than if he were
to lead through it an army of 50,000 men. I speak
advisedly when I say so, and I believe most persons
here would agree with me. But, this being the case, let
me add that, as a body, they will never be conciliated
or induced to rally to the support of the Government
at present in power, Other means than "smoothing
down" must be adopted to compel them to act as
good and faithful subjects of Victor Emmanuel.
Not content with distilling disloyalty into the ear
of the country, they speak out boldly as well, and
in many cases warn their parishioners against false
prophets, who introduce novelties. If therefore,
anything effectual is to be done, it must be by the
energetic action of the Government towards the
Church. Cialdini is however here, and all eyes
are directed to him. "Is he to be a military Dic-
tator ?" "Will San Martino's resignation be
accepted ?" Such are the questions eagerly asked,
and momentous results will depend on the manner
in which the Central Government will answer
them. Personally San Martino is much liked and
regretted, even by the Bourbonites, and this you
will say was a matter of course, for his action has
been lenient and conciliatory—too much so by far,
I think, under existing circumstances. Great as
as an administrator, he would have been just the
man for a more tranquil state of things : but we
have now to contend almost for existence ; the
country is rent by party dissensions ; property and
life are menaced in every direction by the Bourbo-
nites, bandits, and all the scum of the country ; and
I assure you that the scum lies very thick on the
surface. A strong hand is therefore needed as
much as a sound head ; for until the elements of
disorder are destroyed, combination and arrange-
ment as yet are out of the question. I think that
they have been putting the cart before the horse.
General Cialdini's presence here has created a
great sensation, and last night, on his driving
through the Riveira di Chiaja, there was a general
rush from the crowds in the Villa to get a glimpse
of him. Oddly enough, he is lodged in the same
house, the Hotel d'Angleterre, which his quondam
political antagonist, Garibaldi, once occupied, but
the same scenes are not enacted now as then ; nor
would it be possible indeed; the circumstances are
altogether different. Great faith is placed in his
power to put down brigandage, and no doubt he
will do as much as any man could do towards effect-
ing this, but I have told you where the root of the
evil lies, and until that be attacked, though hun-
dreds may be shot, hundreds of others will be sup-
plied by the influence of an interested and unprin-
cipled priesthood acting on the carefully nurtured
ignorance and superstition of the masses.
I advert again to the affair of Avellino, for the cir-
cumstances attending it were unusual. The " Bri-
gands," to speak conventionally, stood well up in
the engagement with the Hungarian Legion and
National Guards, and though many of them were
killed, the rest of the band went off in the direction
of Altavilla ; finding, however, that the country was
in arms, and that about 400 of the National Guard
were concentrated there, a party pounced down on
Tufo and disarmed the National Guard in that place
while the rest threw themselves into the mountains
of Vitulano, apparently with the intention of enter•
ing the Matese. The latest news from Avellino are
—" tranquillity restored, the reaction put down
everywhere!" But time after time we have had the
same assuring intelligence from every point of the
country for the last eight months. For a month
past the Governor of the province, and through him
the authorities in Naples, have been ;mined that in
the neighbouring fastnesses large bands were as-
sembled ; reinfui euLueats and arms were demanded,
but a cry of " They are only a few brigands" pre-
vailed. Well, then, on Sunday last, 100 brigands
united with the same disbanded soldiers, and, with
the National Guard of Montefalcone, entered that
place amid cries of " Long live Francis II !" Many
applauded, some perhaps from fear, but the majority
I believe, sincerely ; a provisional Government was
formed ; muskets were hunted out and distributed
among the country people, who were armed with
hatchets. Some went to Montemiletto ; others to
Chiusano, were met by the priests, and a Ts Deign
was sung in the church. Other bands went to
Lapio and Sorbio, where they sacked the houses of
the Liberals. In the meantime, no reinforcements
were sent to Avellino, the municipality declared its
sittings permanent, and, instead of sending further
demands to Naples,telegraphed to Turin. Assistance
was promised, and the Hungarian Legion was sent.
A great number of National Guards having been
enrolled, parties were sent off to the neighbouring
places which w ere threatened the most. At Chiu-
sano, after a sharp engagement of an hour and a
half, the Government party remained victorious,
with some of their adherents wounded, while the
reactionists had many killed. At Montemiletto the
events were very sad. Tarantini, who commanded
the National Guards at Chiusana, and the priest
Leone, took possession of the palace of Fierimonte,
who was killed last year in a reactionary affair, on
which occasion, too, the entire family of Leone was
murdered. The palace was surrounded by the
brigands in the morning, and the firing lasted till
the evening. By that time the Liberals had rx-
hausted their ammunition, and, the brigands setting
fire to the palace, a great number of persons were
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them, threw himself out of window, but was cut in
pieces. The women of the place forgetting their
sex, acted like furies, and assisted in every excess
that was committed. Such is another lamentable
episode in the history of the Italian revolution,
and before it is concluded we shall have many others
of a similar kind, I fear. It is highly probable-that
much that is taking place might have been pre-
vented by a more prudent system of government,
and that if there had been more real action and
fewer promises and decrees society would not be,
as it is, tumbling to pieces; but let that rest, while
I point to barbarities which were only worthy of
savages or of men who had been reared under the
priests and Bourbons,
_ _

JULY 16.

The resignation of Count Ponza San Martino has
been finally accepted, and, according to my intelli-
gence, he is to leave to-day. General Cialdini takes
the place of Martino as Lieut.-General, and, at the
same time, as Commander-in-Chief of the Forces.
On Sunday last, on going out, he was received by
the Neapolitans with almost royal honours ; every
one took off his hat as'he passed, and the bands
struck up the hymn of Victor Emmanuel. Cialdini
is a great name here, and the Neapolitans yield
much to sound ; but, more than this, he has emind ent I
military qualities united with much energy,
have no doubt will do much to restore confidenueh.
But brigandage has been suffered to get
emend
head, and if it be put down, as no doubt it
we shall find the country more than ever agiagaintatede,
by party feuds. It should never be forgotten, how-
ever,country, that a French aruired
1799, when royalty hiredmayllwtasedseesoturnoydreedlsbyomf tehree
great efforts to root
brigands, and that it re!'
,
them out. Such, I think, will be the case now.
Cialdini is, organising corps francs in
every district—or, in other words, is mobilising the
National Guards and increasing their numbers.
Their pay and their uniform are gazetted in the
journal of lagt 20.curday night, and an address to
.21 cue governors of provinces is published by Signor
Spaventa, the Secretary-General of the Interior,
ordering them to co-operate in this great work. I
am much struck with the pertinacity which some
here show in denying the existence of extensive bri-
gandage and its political character. I dare say that
all the rascality which is enrolled in the ranks of