The Sun.
London, England, 1861-03-11 00:00:00

DR. CURTIS' MEDICAL WORK, MANHOOD:
t MEDICAL ESSAY ON SPERMATORRHCE
NERVOUS AND GENERATIVE DEBILITY, &c.
:ust Published, the 150th thousand, with numerous plates,
in a sealed envelope, price Is., Sold by all Booksellers, and
sent post paid, by the Author, for 12 stamps,
Ai ANHOOD: the CAUSE and CURE of' PRE-
MATURE DECLINE IN MAN, with Plain Directions
for Perfect Restoration to Health and Vigour. By Dr. J. L.
CURTIS, 15, K.bermarle-street, Piccadilly, London.

CONTENTS:
INTRODUCTORY CHAPTER on the Physiological
-tructure and Functions of the Reproductive Organs.
CHAPTER ll.—Causes of Spermatorrhcea and Impotence;
P:ltriV Vicious Indulgences; Dangers of Neglect.
t M
CHAPTER lII.—A Review of the various Disqualifications
.arriage ; whether resulting from Youthful Abuse, the
Follies of Maturity, the Effects'of Climate, or Infection.
CHAPTERS IV. and V. on the modern Treatment of
(iOnorrhcca and Syphilis.
The Book concludes with numerous varied and interesting
'aces, to which is added the Author's recipe of a preventive
Lotion.

REVIEWS OP THE WORK.
"Curtis on Blanhood.--This is a truly valuable work, and
should be in the hands of young and old."—" Sunday Times,"
,3d March, 1856.
"The author has conferred a great boon by publishing this
.ittle work, in which is described the source of those diseases
which produce decline in youth or more frequently premature
old age. '—" Daily Telegraph," March 27, 1856.
" This work, which for twenty years has stood the test of
professional criticism and empixt?al hostility, treats in aplain
and sympathising manner on the various disqualifications
and impediments arising from nervous excitement and de-
bility ; and to invalids suffering from youthful errors and
excesses it will be found valuable and useful."—Record.
London : Published by J. Allen, 20, Warwick Lane, Pater-
noster-row; Mann, 89, Oornhtu.
Hours 9f C9llslllt4tl9A-10 to 3 and 6 to $ ; §PadaYs, p till 2,

spoken of :
" The budget of the ordinary expenses amounts to
1,886,018,725 f., but in order to compare it with that of die
preceding year it is necessary to deduct from it-1, a antn
of 2,693,600 f. for the expense of the faculties, which for
1861 forth the object of a special budget annexed by order
to the Ministry of Public Instruction) and which is now
added to the budget of the Minister of State, conformably
to the wish apt essed last year by the committee; and, 2,
the sum of 13,113,366 f., which forms the amount of the ex-
penses of all the public servicoa hi the new departments of
' Savoie, Haute Savoie, and the Alpes Maritimes.
" The ordinary expenses of 1862, thus reduced; will still
amount to 1,869,211,859 E, and show an increase of
60,990,001 f. over those of 1861. But this augmentation in-
cludes, to a considerable amount, sums of which only some
are inscribed in the Budget of the State for the sake of regu-
larity; and others are devoted to the execution of legislative
arrangements already voted, or which arc necessary for the
realisation of more considerable receipts.
" The perfect state of our accounts reqUires that, for the
sake of regularity in the operations, as well as for facility of
control, everything should appear in the Budget; and there
frequently results from this a simultaneous increase band
receipts and expenditure, which Is more apparent than real.
It is important, in order to prevent incorrect impressions
which might be formed by persons not well experienced in
such Matters, to enumerate the augmentation of such ex-
penses as may appear susceptible of discussion.
" The credits necessary for the service of the consolidated
debt and the sinking fund are increased by 6,736,728 f.,
either for the consolidation of the reserves of the sinking
fund or for the execution of Article 3 of the law of the 14th
of July last, which authorised the Minister of Finance to
transfer to the Dotation Fund of the Array the amount of
Itentes necessary for the employment of its disposable sur-
plus.

" The departmental service presents, both in expenses
and receipts, an increase of 2,396,000 f., which does not affect
the budget of the State, being only inscribed therein for the
sake of regularity.
" The supplement of dotation furnished by the State to
the Legion of Honour receives the third annuity of 600,000 f.
devoted by Article 16. of the Financial Law of 1859 to the
salaries of old officers named or promoted in the Order from
the 6th ofApril, 1814, to the 21st of January, 1852. Already,
thanks to the first annuity included in the Budget of 1860,
all the knights nominated before 1835 have received their
salary ; those of the following years are about to be succes-
sively called on to receive the same favour, and the year
1862 will, doubtless, see the completion of this liberal mea-
sure.

" The Budget of 1862 also includes the second annuity,
destined for the increase of the salaries of all the members
of the French magistracy; it constitutes, with the salaries
of the magistrates in the three new departments, the only
cause of increase of the Ministry of Justice, and stands in
the Budget of 1862 for 1,461,345 f.
" The coinage of copper money in execution of the law
of the 18th of July, 1860, requires in 1862 a credit of
1,350,000 f., which had not been set down in the Budget of
1861; but this is only an apparent expense, since it had
caused a receipt which amounts to 3,000,000 f.
" The law of the 28th of July, 1860, devoted an annual
sum of 1,000,000 f, during 10 years for replanting moun-
tains, and a like sum for the establishment of forest roads,
and at the same time it created special resources to provide
for the same. These 2,000,000 f. are set down in the Bud-
get of expenses for 1862, but an equivalent is comprised in
the provisions of the Budget of receipts.
" The purchase of gunpowder by the Ministry of Fi-
nance presents an increase of expense of 252,000 f. this is
only an expense set down for the sake of order, as it will be
made up by a larger corresponding receipt.
" A supplement of 3,818,133 f. added to the old grants for
the purchase and manufacture of tobacco is of the same
character. It is just to improve as much as possible the
quality of the tobacco, the price of which has increased.
This augmentation of expense, however considerable it
may be, is the more justifiable, as it is connected with an
increase of revenue which does not amount to less than
37,000,000 f.
" It is well known that the Treasury receives certain
sums only for the purpose of reimbursements and restitu-
tions, which for the sake of order in the accounts form a
special chapter of expenses. The increase of 742,273 f.,
inscribed for this object in the Budget, is less an augmenta-
tion of expenses than an extenuation of the gross revenue,
which is set down in the Budget of receipts. .

" Lastly, two sums, ono of 2,511,670 f. for salaries and
other expenses of the telegraphs, with a view of extending
and completing the telegraphic lines on bases long known
and approved by the Legislative Body, and the other of
800,000 f. for the reimbursement to be effected on the pro-
duce of the labours of the persons confined in the central
prisons, constitute is the expenses of the Ministry of the
Interior an undisputed increase of 3,311,670 f.
" All these different augmentations of the Budget of 1862
amount to 22,668,089 f., and reduce the total increase above-
mentioned to the sum of 38,321,852 f., which may be divided
as follows between the different Ministries :

Francs.
Ministry of State 1,473,400
„ Foreign Affairs
„ Interior
~ Finance
„ War and Algeria
22 Marine and Colonies
„ Public Instruction 725,500
21 Agriculture and Commerce 2,814,250

T0ta1.... 38,321,852

"'The most important increase is that of the Ministry of
War. It is justified not only by the necessity of providing
for the expenses of the reserve, the organisation of which,
ratified in principle by the law of March 21, 1832, and so
many times projected, has hitherto been always post-
poned, but also of providing for a slight change in the
effective, which has less for its object the development of
the active forces of the army than the regularisation of
those which have been admitted as necessary for the
defence of the country in time of peace ; for the reor-
ganisation of the artillery and the waggon train; for
an extra manufacture of gunpowder for the depart-
ments of Finance and Marine ; for the increase of small
salaries below 1,200 f. ; and, lastly, for the introduc-
tion into the Budget of the three centimes allowed for seve-
ral years past as indispensable for the improvement of the
food of the troops. By this more exact and rigorous fore-
sight of the wants of the War Department the opening of
supplementary and extraordinary credits, which in preced-
ing years has been the object of decrees in the interval be
tween the sessions, ie rendered unnecessary.
"All the civil services present together an increase which,
taking into account some diminutions, does not amount to
more than 6,844,114 f. More than one million is applicable
to the expenses of the Government monopolies and the col-
lection of the taxes, which necessarily follow the increasing
progression of the public revenue. As for the remainder, it
has for its object either to extend to a certain number of
functionaries the benefits which have been already granted
to others, of a remuneration more equal to their labour and
devotedness, or to satisfy all the new wants which the
natural movement of affairs causes in the different parts of
the Administration.

"The Government, moreover, proposes to you to grant in
1862 for the extraordinary expenses of great public works
an additional amount of 12,530,000 f. A sum of 1,470,300 f.
will be devoted to the three new departments annexed to
the empire, which will lead to a rapid development of
riches and of public property. Tho surplus is destined to
realize the wishes which have been frequently expressed for
the promp t and complete improvement of all the means of
communication, and for the termination of the great lines
of railway. The Government might, in consideration of the
importance and utility of those works, have called for larger
sums ; but it has been anxious that the Budget of 1862
should show a surplus of receipts, and to remain, in its pro-
position of expenses, far below the infinitely more consider •
able augmentation of the receipts."
The Budget of Receipts is explained in the follow-
ing terms :

"The receipts for 1862 ate estimated at 1,941,030,275 f.;
but here, as for the expenses, it is necessary, in order to
draw a comparison with the Budget of 1861, to deduct
13,428,477 f., being the amount arising from the three new
departments, and 2,693,500 f., the produce of the dues re-
ceived in the Faculties, and which in the preceding year
were not included in the State Budget.

" That sum of 13,428,477 f , by which Savoy and the ar-
rondissement of Nice have just increased the revenue of the
empire, has been calculated with the greatest moderation--
for the direct taxes according to the amount of the propor •
tions and for the indirect ones according to the receipts from
the 14th of June, 1860, the period of the annexation, to the
end of the year. It is nearly equal to the amount of the
ordinary expenses of all the public services is the three new
departments, and is divided as follows :

Francs.
Direct taxes 2,673,957
Produce of the domains ' 293,520
Ditto, forests and fisheries
Indirect taxes 9.566,000
Eventual produce of the departmental service 215,000
Stoppages and other produce devoted to the

service of civil pensions
Sundry receipts

Total

"Thus reduced, the receipts of 1862 still present the con.
sitlereble increase oTOT those of 1861 of 84,132,628 f., which

STATE OF NAPLES,
5.
A letter from Naples, dated March 4, says :
I send you to day a document of the highest im-
portance, as showing the spirit and assumption:of
that church conventionally called the " Holy
Catholic and Apostolic:" Failing in arms tem-
poral, this most Uhristian institution next bethought
itself of arms spiritual for winning back the
Italians to the embraces of their divinely, appointed
rulers; and the regulations which I send you are
the cunning invention for that purpose. The Sacra
Pcenitentiaria in Rome is a kind of supreme court
of conscience, before which priests, and for all I
know civilians too, lay all their doubts, and de-
mand a solution of them. "What are we to in-
sinuate in confession P How are we to regulate
ourselves and our penitents in certain given cir-
cumstances ?" There is therefore in the Eternal
City a central power which puts the screw, through
the clergy, on the consciences of the milliOns who
really or nominally belong to the Papal Church,
and this terrible power has been doing its worst
for several months to stir up civil strife in this
country. The bishops of the Bourbons had their
doubts and fled for counsel to the Sacra Pceniten-
tiaria. The document which I send you contains
both the doubts and solutions. A few years ago,
or even now, with a slight alteration in the
circumstances of the country, this document
would have created a religious war, and all the
horrors which were perpetrated in 1799 under the
auspices of Cardinal Ruffo might have been perpe-
trated in 1861 under the influence of a few strokes
of the pen from Cardinal Cagiano. But, happily,
the blow has fallen without inflicting any injury,
and the secret instructions which I now send you
will have the sole effect of proving that the spirit
of the Holy Roman Catholic Apostolic Church is
incompatible with constitutional and social liberty.
These instructions must speak fur themselves :
" DOUBTS AND ANSWERS.

" 1. Is it lawful to sing the Tel.7ewn on occa-
sions of the proclamation of the usurping Govern-
ment or on other analogous )ccasions ?

" R.—No.

" 2. Is it lawful to recite Curing the mass and in
other sacred functions the Collect for the King,
when ordered by the invading Government ?
" R.—No.

" 3. Is it lawful to take any part in the religious
functions ordered by the sut-Alpine laws on the
anniversary of the statutes ?
" R.—No.

"4. Is it lawful to illuminate dwelling-houses
on the occasion of the inauguration of the new
Government, or on other smiler oocasions; and,
likewise, is it lawful to wear the insignia of the
new Government—such as cockades, tri-coloured
bands ?

"R.—No; provided great evils do not threaten,
and there is no scandal.

"5. Can the Government a•ithorities be invited
by the clergy to ecclesiastical functions; and,
should they present themselves without invitation,
can the clergy offer them acts of honour according
to the ceremonial ?

" ; and should they present themselves
the clergy should be passive or abstain from the
acts of honour prescribed by the ceremonial.
"6. Can the municipal magistrates be received
in the church, and may the aforesaid acts be offered
to them ?

It R____Voa 3 provided, however, that tho magis-
trates have not committed the acts ivprobated by
the apostolic letters of March 26, 1860 ; other wise
as in the preceding directions.
" 7. Is it lawful to enrol oneself in the Civic or
National Guard which has been ordered by the
usurping Government for its support in the pro•
vinces usurped by it ?
" R.—No.

" 8. What must be said about those persons who
have been enrolled against their will, and compelled
to form part of the same guard ?
" R.—lt is lawful to tolerate citizen soldiers
under compulsion, who cannot leave the service
without serious injury or inconvenience ; provided,
however, that they are prepared in mind to leave it
as soon as possible, and in the meantime to abstain
from all hostile acts against the subjects and sol-
diers of the legitimate Prince, and from acts against
good laws and ecclesiastics.
" 9. Is it permitted to the parish priests e give
the lists demanded by the usurping Government
for the National Guard and the military levies in
the usurped provinces ?
R.—No ; and wherever the books shall have
been taken away, let them be passive.
" 10. Id it permitted to take any part in the vot-
ing for forming the municipal councils and repre-
sentatives, and may those elected retain the office
of councillor and magistrate ?
"R.—lt may be tolerated, provided the muni-
cipal officers do not execute those things which are
in opposition to Divine and ecclesiastical laws, and
abstain from taking the oath after the form pro-
posed by the usurping authorities.
" 11. Is it permitted to contend for the magis-
tracies, and to accept them when any one shall be
called by a commune, or even by the Government,
always abstaining from giving his adhesion to the
Government, and from committing any act which
may be regarded as a recognition of it ?
" R.—Yes, if scandal be removed by his presence,
and on the conditions explained in the demand,
especially on the condition that in teaching they
may conform themselves altogether to the Catholic
doctrine.

"12. According to the indulgence already trans-
mitted by the Santa Pcenitentiaria can the admi-
nistrators of the loca pia, occupied by the usurping
Government, be empowered by the ordinaries to
continue in the administration, or can those who
are chosen again by the illegal authorities be em-
powered to accept it? _

" R.—The Santa Pcenitentiaria by special and
express authority grants to all and each of the ordi-
naries whose territories have been occupied by the
usurping Power the faculty to hold good for six
months, provided that from the persons appointed
no adhesion to the Government be required, or any
oath of fidelity according to the form proposed by
the same Government, and on condition of looking
after the utility of the loca pia and of abstaining
altogether from the alienation of their property.
" 13. Can persons retain or assume offices under
the usurping Government
" R.—Provided they are not offices which directly
and immediately tend to spoliation, or to the keep-
ing of things taken, and which may be exercised
without injury to Divine and ecclesiastical laws, it
may be tolerated ; but let every one of the said
officials, or persons of the Papal power, be carefully
admonished to consult the bishop or ordinary of the
place, who in each case shall decide as to the inten-
tions of our most sacred lord.

" 14. Is it permitted to take the oath proposed by
the usurping Government in th© following or simi-
lar terms, which comprise an unlimited obedience :
' I swear fidelity and obedience to Victor Emmanuel,
King of Italy, and to his successors. I swear to
observe the statute and every law of the State, for
the inseparable good of the King and of the coun-
try, Italy.
"R.—The oath as here laid down is not per-
mitted, but an oath of obedience purely passive
may be tolerated in all those things which are not
opposed to Divine and 'ecclesiastical laws, accord"
ing to the form approved by Pius VII., and ex-
pressed in these words I promise and swear to
take no part in any conspiracy whatever, plot, or
sedition against the actual Government; as also to
be subject and obedient in all that is not contrary
to the law of God and of the Church.'

" 15. How are the ordinaries to regulate them-
selves as regards the Royal placet and exequatur,
which the Government pretends to in the case of
bulls, briefs, and rontificalrescripts ?

" R.—They must not molest private persons who
for their security recur to the Government for the
Royal placet or exequatur ; but the ordinaries, as
far as in them lies, must be passive, and if they
haye been questioned by the Go`Ternment on de-

"R.—Care must be taken that, being released
from ecclesiastical censures according to the usual
method, they be reconciled with the Church ; but
if they refuse to be reconciled, and serious conse-
quences seem to threaten unless the marriage be
celebrated, the parish priest shall consult, all things
and circumstances being well considered, what has
been said by approved authors, and especially by
St. Alphonso (Lib. 6. tr. 1, cap 2, num. 64), and
declare what he considers most expedient in the
Lord, the celebration of the mass, however, being
always excluded.

" 1-0. How, likewise, must the bishops and parish
priests regulate themselves if any one of the afore-
said censured persons present himself as godfather
in the sacrament of confirmation and baptism ?
" R—As in the preceding case.
" 20. Can the most holy eucharist be administered
to those notoriously under censure without first
being regularly reconciled to the Church ?
" R.—No.

" 21. If any one of the persons mentioned as
having notoriously incurred censures should die
(and, according to the canons and the regulations,
it is provided expressly by the doctors that they
should be absolutely deprived of holy sepulture),
and their funeral be with threats obstinately de-
manded, and ecclesiastical burial, how in such
circumstances must a parish priest regulate himself.
" It.—He must take care that everything be done
according to the rule of the holy canons ; but if
this cannot be effected without danger of disturb-
ances or scandal, the parish priest must not himself,
nor any other priest, assist at the funeral rites, or
at the burial.

" 22. Can the bishop approve those preachers
who are presented by the actual municipal autho-
rities?

" R.—The bishop may ex se, select those pre-
sented, provided that all the necessary qualifications
exist in them.
" 23. Can the esattori and cursori cite ecclesias-
tics and loca pia in case of refusal to pay the imposts,
as well canonical as camerale, and under what re-
gulations and cautions ?

"R.—The Sacred Pcenitentiaria, by special and
express apostolic authority, with the benignant
consent of our most sacred lord Pio P. P. IX.,
grants to all and every ordinary, whose territories
have been occupied by the invading Government,
the faculty, which is to hold good for six months
either by tnemselves, or by some other ecclesiastic
to be specially deputed for this purpose by any one
of the said ordinaries, of empowering the cursores
and exactores to execute the orders against the loca
pia, as also against ecclesiastics, indulgence having
first been asked and obtained in each case from the
respective ordinary, and scandal prudently removed,
no other obstacles whatever presenting themselves.
" 24. Can parish priests, or other ecclesiastics
who Lave been injured by this Government by the
abolition of tithes, accept of compensations offered
by the same Government P

" R.—They may, according to the decision of
our most holy lord, under title of simple compen-
sation for loss inflicted on them by the Government
by the prohibited exaction of tithes, accept of pen-
cionq assigned by the Government; first, however,
a protest having been made, either by the ordinary
of the plac:., or by some other of the said parish
priests or ecclesiastics, that such an acceptance is
by no means recognised or the abolition of the
tithes made by the Government approved ; and the
debtors of the same tithes being carefully admo-
nished that they are not by the force of the law
passed by the Government liberated from the duty
of paying them.
" 25. Can parish priests ask that assistance from
the Government which the same Government pro-
mises to those who have a larger population than
500 souls and a revenue less than 800 f. ?

" is not expedient.
" 26. Must confessors consider as having fallen
under censure those who have voted for the union
of Italy under one sole King, induced by fear, by
deception, or by ignorance ; those who have given
a similar vote in other provinces beyond the Papal
States, or have given a negative vote, or Lone at all,
or an iasignificant vote; those who have illumi•
nated their houses, worn cockades, &c., not having
been induced so to do by unjust fear, or through
thoughtlessness have attended the chanting of the
7'e 1) eunt ; finally, women and minors who have
signed addresses and worked banners

R.—Ecclesiastical censures, according to the
apostolic letters of March, 1860, are incurred by
those who formally co-operate or adhere to the
rebellion against the Papal power ; therefore, to
distinguish in the forum of conscience whether any
one incurs the censures must be discussed by the
confessor in the conscience of each one. For this
sufficient provision has been made by the powers
transmitted to the ordinaries on the 16th of
November, 1860.

" 27. In what manner can be repaired the public
scandal given by those who demand to be absolved
from the censures incurred in these times, in which
such reparation is difficult and dangerous ?
" R.—Reparation of scandal is necessary de jure
divino, and that should be made in the best and most
prudent mode, according to the judgment of the
ordinary or confessor.
" 28. Must those who demand absolution, before
being absolved, oblige themselves to repair losses
suffered by the Papal Government by the actual
disturbances ?

" R.—Suffice it that they are prepared in mind to
obey the commands of the Holy Sea as above stated.
" Given at Rome, in the Holy Penitentiary,
Dec. 10, 1860.

" A. M. CARDINAL CAGIANO. (111. P.)"

On the evening of the day before that on which
the fleet left a council was held at the Palace, and
the gift of a piece of land by Garibaldi for the build-
ing of an English church was approved by the
Prince Lieutenant-General. The decree has not,
however, yet been signed, though that is a mere
matter of form. The affair has now passed from the
Ministry of the Interior, where it has been lingering
for some months, into the hands of the head of
ecclesiastical affairs, to have some difficulties re-
moved. The fact is, that certain ecclesiastics whis-
pered about that the statute provided for the tolera-
tion of only the culti esistenti, and that the worship
conducted in the Consul's house could not be re-
garded as one of these ; in point of fact, that the
Roman Catholic Church was the only culto esistentc
inithe southern provinces. Mancini has met and
thrown over these objections in a perfectly legal
manner by asserting that inasmuch as Naples forms
only a portion of united Italy, where the Waldenses
are recognized, and English Protestant churches as
well exist in Genoa, Florence, and elsewhere, the
worship of the English church in Naples must be
considered a cultoesistente. Leaving, however, these
technicalities out of the question, the Government
of Victor Emmanuel is prepared to act in the most
liberal spirit, and to carry out the principles of
religious liberty to their full extent, so that " if
permission were asked to establish a Jewish syna-
gogue it would be given," and very properly and
consistently too.

CAPRERA.—The Movimento of Genoa publishes
the following letter from Garibaldi to one of his friends :
"raprera, Feb. 15.—Dear Bandi,—l have received our
Dolfi with great pleasure, and I sincerely thank you for the
good news you have given me, in telling me of the patriotic
enthusia:ni which animates the youth of Tuscany. Tell
those brave sons of the mother country that we aro ap-
proaching the time when the slavery of our brethren of
Venice and Rome must cease, and when each of you will
be at his post,—Your bite, G, gIikIBALDI,"

" We have been living here during the last few
months in the expectation of grave events. Some-
thing seems to be brooding over us in the atmos-
phere which fills our minds with anxiety. The
walls of our houses are covered with placards, and
we are troubled with anonymous warnings to cease
the noisy amusements of our frivolous world, for,
we are told, this is not the time for them. On the
29th of Nov., the anniversary of the Revolution,
the first manifestation took place. A great number
of town folks, crowds of the lower class, and the
students, after attending Divine service in- the
church in the street Leszno, proceeded through the
streets in procession singing, hymns and patriotic
religious songs. This took place in the evening, and
although it of course caused some degree of excite-
ment in the town, as no obstacle was placed in the
way of the people, all went off quietly and with
dignity. On the eve of the Carnival the shop-
keepers were requested not to show ball-dresses in
their window, and to change the announcements,
on their shops from the French to the Polish lan-
wguitahget,hiasnddenitharnedattehneeidr twh
ianta unlessow s
w otuhledy b
ec om pl e
broken.d
The shopkeepers hastened to do as they were asked,
and quiet was again restored, but only to be dis.
turbed by the constant circulation of anonymous
warnings. People dared not light up their windows
too much, for fear they should be broitr-

impression that there was a ball at the house
Some of the more daring, who gave large parties
had their windows broken ; others who gave a ball
had a detachment of police to guard their houses.
At the theatre, original Polish plays were repre-
sented almost exclusively, for unless this was done
no one went. Things went on in this way until
the 24th of February. They say that to-morrow
the Agricultural Society, the public schools, the
religious fraternities, and all who are on the
patriotic side will assemble at St. Paul's Church to
celebrate the anniversary of the battle of Grochow.
All this is done openly and without the slightest
mystery, for placards are posted in the most public
places. We have a whist party at our house.
Every one talks of what will happen to-morrow,
but we hope that all will go off quietly, as there is
no interference on the part of the Government.
God grant that it may be so !"

"FEB. 25.

" At six o'clock this evening the people assembled
in crowds at St. Paul's Church, after which the
religious societies left the building carrying sacred
pictures, and a quantity of young men appeared
suddenly bearing lighted • torches and flags with
the national colours. They proceeded by Dove-
street, in the old town, to St. John's-street, with
the intention of walking in procession through the
town singing religions hymns in memory of the
anniversary. But all at once a regiment of gen-
darmes on horse back rushed on the crowd in the
narrow street, dispersing them as they went. The
people tumbled one over another, threw stones at
the gendarmes, and pricked their horses with their
flag-staffs. Colonel Trepow, President of the Police,
was hit with a stone, and his face was covered with
mud. The melee was dreadful : many were very
dangerously wounded, and several arrested. All
this might have been spared had the demonstration
been forbidden to take place. The Government
must have known what was in contemplation, for
the circulars were not private. As it is, people's
minds are now excited in the highest degree. More
than 20 people have come to our house, all from the
scene of the disturbance. Many express fears as to
the consequences that may follow to-night, Soldiers
are stationed in the public squares, and patrols
march through the town every half-hour. The
greatest anxiety prevails."

" FEB. 26.

"This morning a procession left the church in
the street Lezno, %ith pictures and figs, and
passed through our street singing )13 it..., Lxll
who were passing in their carriages at the time
were obliged to get out and walk. A. was passing
in a carriage, when the mob cried out Get out,
get out !' and he was compelled to go with the
crowd. At the church a patriotic hymn was sung
without interruption, but the soldiery are stationed
before the building of the Agricultural Society,
where they are still continuing their sittings, and
before the Viceroy's Palace, where the nobles have
their assemblies. Everywhere the Government is
on the qui wive, believing that all is not yet over.
Trepow does not dare show himself unaccompanied
by a numerous escort."
" FEB. 27.

" At 12 o'clock today a procession left the church
of the Bernardins in the Cracow suburb, bearing
pictures and singing hymns. All at once a troop of
Circassians fell on the crowd, beating them with
their sticks and breaking the pictures. One entered
the open church on horseback. Priests, women,
men, and soldiers were mingled in inextricable
confusion. The struggle was fearful. Near the
statue of St. Mary, which is opposite the Charitable
Society, there is a heap of stones intended for re-
pairing the pavement. The mob, the gentry, every
one in a word, actors and lookers-on, rushed to this
heap of stones and threw them at the Circassians.
But soon a regiment of soldiers with loaded muskets
came to their aid. Colonel Trepow and General
Zablockoy gave the order to fire, and the soldiers
barbarously fired on the unarmed crowd. The
soldiers stationed before the Viceroy's palace
loaded their muskets, and wished to help the
others, but a barricade of cabs being thrown up
between the Malezhouse and the Gate, they were
unable to reach them. Five persons were killed
on the spot; the number of wounded is not yet
known. The people dipped their hands and hand-
kerchief in the blood of these martyrs. The exas-
peration rose to the highest pitch. One of the
bodies was taken to Count Andrew Zamoyski's,
and the others to the Hotel de l'Europe. A depu-
tation is being formed for the purpose of request-
ing the Prince to obtain satisfaction for the
murder. I will write to you to-morrow. There
are 29 holes made by bullets in the wall of the
Malez-house."

" FEB. 28.

" Quiet is restored, and the most energetic mea-
sures have been taken to paralyse the opposition to
the Government. We are no longer guarded by
the police, but by the nobility and the students. I
send you a list of the persons who composed the de-
putation. They have asked for the dismissal of Colo •
nel Trepow and a court-martial upon General Zabloc-
koy, and have promised to answer for the quietness
of the citizens while they mount guard during the
funeral of the victims, which is to take place with
all the pomp and solemnity due to the circum-
stances under which they met their fate. The
Government agreed to everything. Accordingly,
from an early hour this morning crowds have been
to see the bodies, and as there is not a single
policeman the citizens and students keep order.
The quietness and dignified attitude of the people
are wonderful. One word from a boy, who
acts as a sentinel near the hotel, is suffi•
cient to prevent any tumult on the part of the
crowd. In the ante• chamber of Count
Zarnoyski's palace
the sentinels are his sons.
The people entered and departed without noise or
disturbance of any kind. At the Hotel do l'Europe
there was a collection for the expenses of the fune-
ral ; the Palatinate of 11Iasovia gave 30,000 florins.
Labourers, water-carriers, cooks, and porters came
to put down their mites. It is touching to see at
the same instant one hand put in five ducats and
another five groszen. None but mourning clothes
arc exposed in the windows ; every one is dressed
in black :without exception ; even labourers and
street boys have cockades of black crape attached to
their caps. Black crape is distributed gratuitously
in every shop, even in those kept by Jews. The
gentry wear deep mourning, black, with a whit.