The Sun.
London, England, 1857-09-16 00:00:00

PE_RFUMES'AIVD THEIR MANUFACTURE.

(From Frases Magadne)
"The most novel and remarkable 'feature of the
present manufacture of perfumes, is the establish-
ment of flower farms. Flowers indeed have taken
the place of ambergris, musk, civet, and the ()Jeri-
&rows !sums, which are now only used to give sta-
bility as the more evanescent scents. There are
flower farms in Europe and Asia, and another is
likely to be started in Australia, for the cultivation
of the wattle, a plant of the acacia genus, and re-
sembling in odour very powerful violet 4. Practical
men bear in mind the cheapness of mutton fat (a
very necessary consideration, the preparation of
suet being an important branch of the perfumery
business), and anticipate success. England has her
flower farm at Mitcham,. in Surrey, where lavender
and peppermint flourish unrivalled.. Roses are also
cultiVated there, but-only for the purpose of making
rose-water. The French rose-water, however, '
far superior • and for otto of roses wo are depend-
ant upon India and Turkey. The otto obtained
from roses grown at Ghazepore, in India, gained the
. prize at the Great Exhibition, in 185 L In Turkey,
the cultivation is chiefly attended to by the Chris-
tians in the district of the Balkan. From that neigh,
b .urhood aro obtained every year, on an average,
40,000 ounces of the otto. Some idea may be gained
of the extent of the rose plantations from the fact
that 2,000 rose-blooms yield but one drachm of
otto. Patchouli, another Eastern plant, is said to
have been introduced into Europe in the following
manner :—lt was observed by the purchasers and
sellers in Paris of Indian shawls that they possessed
a peculiar fragrance. It was useless to attemPt t'
pass off home-spun goods for the genuine article ;
however admirable was the imitation, the fraud
was immediately detected by the absence of the true

-1114,4LT11 OF LONDO f \
. .
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,L •:7 • WT`, ,-': ' ~-. • ,
‘,-
(F tom, the Repo4 of the f!ellt:. .
._ Erg' 1:: /-: .:.
, - x-
-he present return iiidiee,.: etrokrieoi?:', ? -e f
tion of the public health. r ..1., eeet.: Leaps= Wit i
tendon in the ;04: that -ciitle .ariTsiaf kit.
11d,..olett
12), were 1,023 diuing seven pr us .kyteksiey
rose in diree iiezitanees above 1,200, .and the lower t
weekly number was 1,084, If-the avertg4 rate of
mortality, derivelfrein deaths by all'eanses.(exe. pt
the cholera' of..t.we• epidemic. fl 030114 as they cc- . •
eurred iri corresponding weeks efthelo years 1847 66,
had :prevailed- last --w-eek,. the number of death; ;-
would have bean -greater by 128 than that which is
_actually returileil: ''''''''''' '' '
Diarrhoea Qcll..t lii 12 'S. t•O 'decline, and last week the
decrease weal mere decide:l th on it hai recently
teen. The death.s.frthif tiii.4.- disease, *Well in the
'two previous weekswere 193 nod* 181, have fallen
to 141. Daring the last fortnight ilia mran weekly
w
temperature as about 60.0 'degrees, being less
by 5 deg. and 6 dere than it had been in the latter
half of August, and less by 8 deg. than it had been
in the great heat of July. Of the 144 deat'es front
diarrhoea 115 occurred to children ; and of 9 deaths -.
from cholera or "choleraic diarheea7 all- occurred
to very young children, except one. Eight deaths '
are referred to dysentery, and these, also, with one
exception, occurred to young pereous. The deaths
from sc•trlatinarose to 44, and of these 11 occurred
in the west districts and nine in the central. Of
39 from typhui and common fever none occurred
in the central districts. Small pox was fatal in
only two cases. One person died of intemperance,
one from want of load, one of grief, one from a
wound received in dissection ; a Lssear (in the
Dreadnoeght ship) from scurvy.. The deaths of
five nonagenarians are_ included in the returns—
viz , two women who d'ed at the age of 90 years,
'two widows at the age of 94, and a spinAer who
died in Bow at the age of 97 years.
Last week the births of 813
_boys and 762 girls
—in all 1,575 children—were registered in London:
In the ten corresponding weeks of the years 1847-
56 the average number was 1,443.
At the Royal Observatory, Greenwich, the mean
height of the barothe.ter iu the week was 29.542 in.
The greatest barometric pi e3sure was 29.76 in. on
Monday. The mean temperatuie of the week was •
60.5 deg., which, is 2.9 deg.
_above the average of .
the same week in 43 years (as determined by
Mr. Glaicher). The thermometer was it its highest
point in the shade on Sunday, when it was 75.7
deg. ; it fell to its lowest point on the day follow-
, ing, when it was 51.4 deg.: The thermometric
range of the week was -thelefere 24.3 deg. The .
mean daily range was 16 deg. The mean dew-
point temperature was 56.4 deg., and the difference
between this and the mean air temperature was 4.1
deg. The wind had on every day, or on part of
every day, a. south-westerly point. Rain fell to ,
the depth of 2.24 in.; nearly all of which fell on
Tuesday end Friday. On Friday the amount was
1.16 in. Rain fell almost incessantly from ten
o'clock on the evening of Thursday till three o'clock
in the afternoon of Friday.

MORTALITY IN THE METROPOLIS
NUMBER OF DEATHS FROM ALL CAUSES REGISTERED
IN THE .WEER ENDING SATURDAY, SEPT. 12.
Zymotic Diseases
Diseases of Uncertain Seat

314
39

iubereular Diseases
Diseases of the Brain, Nerves and Senses 72
Diseascts of the Heart and Blood-vessels 33
Diseases of the Lungs and other Organs of
Respiration ~ 99.
Diseases of the Stomach, Liver, and other Organs
_ of Digestion _ _ •... GI

Disease; of the Kidneys, &c.
Childbirth, Diseases o f the Uterus, &c. - 4
Diseases of the Joints, Bones, and Muscles
Diseases of the Skin. &c.
Malformations 6
Premature Birth and Debility 33
Atrophy 59
Old Age
Yudden 3
Violence, Privation, Cold, and Intemperance 32
Causes not specified

DEATHS 711021 ALL CAUSES lOB4
Population Deaths in cone- Deaths
Enumerated. spending week in the
1851. of 1856. Week.
West Districts
North Districts 490,396
Central Districts .... 893,256
East Districts 485,522
South Districts ' 616,635 .. . 292

Totals 2,362,236

1,087

Males
Females
BIRTHS IN THE WEEK

Males

Females 762

Total ..•••-. • MD. •••• ••• ••••01,575

1,023

THE EVANGELICAL' ALLIANCE AT POISDAM.

BERLIN,. SEPT. 12.
The members of the Evangelical conference were
summoned to attend the King yesterday afternoon.
Nearly the whole of them were collected by three o'clock
at the terminus of the railway to Potsdam, whence three

express trains conveyed then/ to the Wi!dpark btation.
The number so conveyed was estimated at something
more than a thousand. From Wildpark station they all
went on foot in a body to the New Palace, where luc-

cheon was laid out in the spacious raloons. After luncheon
the guests adjourned from the landing-place of the palace
to the garden side, where they ranged themselves accord-
ing to their several nationalities, and so as to completely
occupy the right landing place. His Majesty arrived iu
a carriage at half-past five o'clock, accompanied by her
Majesty the Queen, and their Royal Highnesses the
Prince and Prince:s of Hessen-Philippsthal, from the
Castle of Sans-Souci, and entered for a few moments the

apartments of the Palace. His Majesty then made his
appearance on the open fight of steps, facing and over-
looking the assembly. Near hint stood the General
Field• Marshal Count von Dohna and GonerAl Count
von der Gm& en. The King was received with a I•tud
hurrah by all present. The Pastur Kuntze, in the
name of the meeting, delivered an- address, to which
his Majesty replied in a feWr short but heartfelt
sentences. All the members of the committee, anti

the chiefs of the foreign deputations, were then pre.
sented,,with all of whom he conversed fora considerable
time. At 7fo'clock his Majestytoolc his leave, whereupon
the members sang with nncovercd heads and in the open
air, the first verse of the hymn " Our God is a tit- ong
tower," and Pastor Krunamacher delivered the prayer for
the health of their Majesties the King and Queen.
From the report published in the New Prussiitn Gazette
we perceive that Chevalier 'Bunsen was present on the
occasion, and was greeted by several of thst English and
other distinguished persons. The folowing is the address
which Pastor Kun?zo, the president, delivered to the

King :
" In the name of the principal and local committees,
the duty devolves on me to lay at the feet of your Ma-
jesty our deep thanks for the great favour conferred on
us this day. The happiness we experience is great, that
your Majesty should have first • conceived in your
heart the idea of causing the faithful children of God
to assemble from all parts of the earth. Your Majesty
has already seen many armies—here likewise is an army,
and though not clad in military attire, yet still armed
with the helmet of salvation, the shield of faith, and
the sword of the spirit—an army which serves the
King of Kings,' but which is also devoted to your Ma-
jesty in the deepest humility. May your Majesty re-
ceive the shout, that has just been given, as OLIO pro-
ceeding from the bottom of sincere and upright hearts,
and may Gad bless your Majesty and
home." and answered
His Majesty was visibly much affected,
nearly as follows : your royal
" I feel myself deeply affected and surprised by the
great sympathy in every country the idea of this meet-
ing has found. I must confess that I did not at first
anticipate such great results. I have
mal peerceived with
joy that a blessed beginning has been . The first
may the remaining period
dayol o our apassed
intercourse
be as thatpily; of the disciples after the
first day of Pentecost."
Toe last phrase made evidently a deep impression on
the whole assembly. Ills Majesty the King in the
most gracious manner saluted several foreign gentlemen
present as old acquaintances. This kind reception was
very marked when the spokesman for tt.e Swiss, Profes-
sore'
onufr
Krummacher,t bhd yee
Evangelicalvt hoeuah vaoni d
r 0,
fr most
Merle d'Aubigne, of Geneva, came forward. Elie
cordially, with the
wor
the
Upon this
"Unityßpok
Maj
The following theme stood on the order of the day for
fdPasteoossr: eY'n'
LoQsiocheneoe
nsioitkbtita°l
tnnhehgi
and diversity of God's children." this text the
lie declared that he belonged to the" reformed' church
with his whole heart ; that lie nevertheless had wel-
comed the Evangelical Alliance, deeming it of Pre'l-
dential importance,
and he had supported the convoca-
tion the more cheerfully, because he saw how a party
in the church were renewing the old quarrels and dis-
turbing the general peace.
getic and moving words', together with good wishes,
The preacher of the parish then delivered a few toner;
respecting the subjsct of the day but as the members
of the assembly were obliged to be at the Potsdam
the meeting at a
to Sans-Souci, the president clo)dsead
blessing.
terminus by three o'clock, for the purpose of proceeding
quarter past one, with

.7.-_-=----_—_____
FATAL ACOIDENT TO A WELL-KNOWN JcCKET.—At the
Westonz)y,l t
and race meeting of Friday last, Wakefield,
alias the 'Old Vicar," he well-known jockey, rnet
with an accident which has terminated fatally. After
riding in two races be mounted Sweet Briar, to coin•
pate for the final race,a free handicap, forced for winners:
When rounding a turn, in the first heat, the old jockey
came in contact with a post, and both rider and horse
were hurled to the ground. He wal taken in A fly ".
the Railway Hotel, Bridgewater, where he lingered
until. Sunday night, and then died from the effeots of
fractures of time ribs' and big collar-bone, and cononsd
sion of the brain. Deceased was 57 years of age, awl
had. been more Om 30 years c.,nnected with the turf..
Au inquest was held' on his body yesterday, and a vet!
diet returned of Accidental Death.