The Sun.
London, England, 1857-06-01 00:00:00

LONDON, MONDAY grgNING, JUNE 1, 1857.

GREAT-WESTELIN RAILWAY.—NOTICE.
—The Branch Line' between TWYFORD and 11BNILEY
is now Open for Public Traftic.—For particulars of Trains, &c., see
the Company's time bills.

GREAT WESTERN RAILWAY,
ALTERATION OF TRAINS for JUNE.
DOWN TRAINS. •

The 2.45 p.m. Train from-ladiinitoriwill be discontinued from
Swindon to Cheltenham:
A Train for Widlsor, and interrnediate stations, will leave Pad-
dington at 3.30 p.m.
The Crain from Psddingtod at 6.15 p m. will.be . discontinued be-'
yond Sleugh.
The Train from Paddington at 5.i5 p m. will be accelerated, itr-
riving at Birmingham five minutes earlier than at present.
The 5.30 p.m. Traits from Paddington will be continued mi from
Swindon to Cheltenham.

Ur MAINS. .
The 8.18 am. Train from !Leading will leave at 8.10 a.m., and
wlll be proportionately earlier at Twyford and Tapl w.
The 7.31 a.m. Train from, Birmingham :will be accelerated, arriv-
ing at Paddington five 'ninnies earlier than at present. _
The 9.20 a.m. Trainfrom Reading will be discontinued as far as
Taplovr. • _ .
A Train for Paddington wi 1 leave Windsor at 5.45 p.m.- -
The 8.10 p.M. Train from Bristol will not stop at Slough, and
will arrive at Paddington five minutes earlier than at present: ‘, -
The 7.30 p.m. Train from Birmingham will leave at 7.e0 p.m.,
will not stop at Slough, and will arrive at Paddington five minutes
earlier than at present:.
A Train;for Paddington will leave Windsor at 9.50 p zu.•
SviinAvs,—Docxn—A: Train for Windsor and intermediate sta-
tions will leave Paddington at 3.30 p.m., and the Train at 3:300.m.
will be discontinued.
Paddington, May 28, 1857.

-AS COT R A-C E S.—From Waterlo6-brictge`
Station to the Ascot Station, within 4 ilef cards or the Grand
Stanti.--Arraugement of Trains'on 9th, 10th. 11th, and 12th Ante.
On TuEsDAY, i 9th, and on TRuesueT, the Jith June, a -Train
with covereitrnfitges will run front London to Ascot ate .15
andifill return frezn.Aseot to Londonat 8.15.p.m. - -
Fares there and Back, or either way
Or, Fares there and Back, with the privilege of return-
ing by any train to which covered carriages are
attached, up to Saturday 7s. 6d.

Special Trains will ran from London to Ascot on each of the four
days, from 10.0 a.m. till 12.45 p.m., and will return from Astot to
London from 4.0 till 7.0 p.m.
Fares there and Back, or Either Way.
On TUESDAY 9th, and THURSDAY 11th.
Ist Class.... 12s. 6d. I 2d Class.. • . 10s. Od.
On WEDNESDAY 10th, and FRIDAY 12th.
Ist -Class .... 105. Od. 2d Class.... 7s. Od.
Double Journey Tickets, available for the Four Days-
-Ist Class.... 425. Od. 2d Class.... 325. 6d.
Sufficient first-class accommodation cannot be guaranteed by every
Train.
The Ordinary Down Trans from London to Twickenham, and
from London to Hounslow, will he suspended on the 9:h and 11th of
.Tune between the hours of 10.0 a.m. and 12.15 p.m. inclusive; the
Ordinary Up Trains to London from these Stations wilt also be
suspended between the hours of II and 2.
DOUBLE JOURNEY TICKETS,
At the e,ove-mentioned fares, can be obtained on and after
Monday, the Bth Juno, at Messrs. Tattersalls', Hyde-park-corner
and at the Universal Office, Regent-circus ; Swan-two-Necks,
Gresham-street; Spread Eagle, Gracechurch-street ; 53, King
Wililam-street, City ; Bolt-In-Tun, Fleet-street ; Green, Man, and
Oxford-street; George and Blue Boar, Holborn; Golden Cross.
Charing•cross ; Blossoms Inn, Laurence-lane, Cheapslde ; or No.
90, High-street, Borough.
Waterloo-bridge Station, nay, VW

By order.

HESTER and HOLYHEAD RAILWAY.—
Irt►'RoVED DAY COMMUNICATION with IRELAND
via HOLYHEAD anti KINGSTOWN.

On the Ist June, and until further notice, an ADDITIONAL SPE-
CIAL EXPRESS STEAMER will leave Holyhead at 9.30 a.m.
(every day except Sunday and Monday), returning from Kingstown
at 4 30 p.m., so that the sea passage, both ways, may be made in
daylight, enabling pawngers (families especially) to avail them-
selves with comfort, of Hie option of breaking the journey, and of re-
suming it on the followingmorning after a night's rest at Holyhead,
wkere there is ample an/I excellent accommodation at the Royal
Hotel, conducted by Mrs. Hibbert, formerly of Wolverton.
The Special Day Boat will arrive at Kingstown two hours before
the departure of the afternoon train, enabling travellers to reach
places in the interior of Ireland the ,ame evening.
There are four through trains each way daily, Sundays excepted,
by which passengers can travel between Euston Station, London,
and Holyhead, without change of carriage, viz. :

Leave London
at

9.15 a.m.
10. 0 a.m.
5. 0 p.m.
8. 0 1 , „,
8.45 f ,""

Leave Kingstownl

L3O a.m.
2. 0 pan.
Special Bo it
4.30 p.m.
7.39 p.m.

4.55 p.m.
6.50 p.m.
12.55 a.m.

4.31 a.m.

TO LON

Arrive at
Holyhead at

9. 0 p.m.

INDON.

Depart from
Holyhead at

Special Boat
9 30 a.m.

DON.

Depart from
Holyhead at

3. 0 p.m.
8.24 p.m.
(7.15 a.m.
18.30 a.m.
2. 0 a.m.

Arrive at
Kingstown at

10. 0 p.m.

5.45 a.m.
10. 0 A.M.

2. 0 p.m.

Arrive in
London at

10.45 p.m.
4.30 a.m.
3.45 p.m.
7.30 p.m.
11. 0 a.m.

Full particulars of the communications between :Manchester, Li-
verpool, Birmingham, a^d other places and Ireland, via Holyhead,
also partitinlars as to return and other tickets at reduced rates, will
appear in the Time Bills published by the Company.
Jule I, 1857.

IRE LIVERPOOL .and LONDON
Aud, -
Estibllstred 1836. I
Paid-up Capital and accumulated Funds.... •• • . , £820,000
Fire Premiums in 1856 220,000
Life Insurance. Premiums . ..... :• • . . ... ........... 72,800

Amount paid to Annuitants 11,990

Liability of Proprietors unlimited.

LONDON LIFE ASSOCIATION,
Si, King William-street.
The Directors of this Association hereby inform the Members that
the PREMIUMS falling due on the Ist July next of those Members
who have been assured for seven or more entire years will be RE-
DUCED at the rate of 80 per cent., leaving 20 per cent. only to be
paid. - _ _

EDWARD DOCKER, Sec.

BUILDING GROUND, City of London.—To
be LET, on Building Leases, for 86 years, a large PLOT of
GROUND, on the East side of Farringdun-street, in the City of
London, formerly the site of the Fleet Prison. Plans of the Ground
may he seen, and further particulars obtained, upon application at
the Architect's Office, Guildhall.
FERDINAND BRAND, Comptroller.

UILDHALL, 30th May, 1857. The
Committee for Letting the City's Lands will meet at Guildhall
on WEDNESDAY, the 10th day of June next, at One o'clock pre-
cisely, to receive Proposals for Leases of a House, No. 123, on the
west side of New Bond-street ; a House, No. 13, on the west side of
Feachurcb-buildings. Fenchurch-street; Two Houses, Nos. 17 and
28, on the south side of New-square, Mtuorfea ; and Six Houses, Nos.
22 to 17, on the west side of Mitre-street. Aidgate.
Plans of the property may be seen, and forms of tender obtained,
upon application at the Architect's Office, Guildhall.
FERDINAND BRAND, Comptroller.

BANK OF DEP° -IT.
NATIONAL ASSURANCE AND INVESTMENT
ASSOCIATION,
No. 3, PALL MALL EAST, LONDON, S.W.,
(Head Office);
No. 2, Sr.ANDREW-SQUARE, EDINBURGH;
No. 202, UNION-sTatrr, ABERDEEN ;
No, 8, CHERRY-STREET, BIRMINGHAM;
No. 9, PAVILION-BUILDINGS, BRIGHTON;
NO. f 4, HIGH-STREET, LEWES;
No. 9, WESTMORELAND-STREET, DUBLIN.
Established May, 1844.
Empowered by Special Act of Parliament.

THIS Company was Established in 1844, for
the purpose of opening to the puhlie an easy and unquestion-
ably safe mode of Investment, with a high and uniform rate of Inte-
rest.

The plan of the Dank of Deposit differs entirely from that of ordi-
nary Banks in the mode of employing capital—money deposited
with this Company being principally lent upon well secured Life
rnterests, Reversions in the Government Funds, or other property
of ample value. This class of securities, although not immediately
convertible. it is well known yields the greatest amount of profit,
combined with the most perfeet safety. Further, Loans made by
the Company are Coupled with a Policy of Assurance on the life of
the Borrower, or his nominee, equal in amount to the sum lent,
effected at a rate of premium which secures the validity of the
Policy against all contingencies, in itself constituting a valuable
instrument of collateral sedurity. _

Thus depositors are effectually protected against the possibility of
loss, whilst the large and constantly increasing revenue arising
from the premiums on Assurances thus effected yields ample profit
to the Company, and provides for all the expenses of management.
DEPOSIT ACCOUNTS may be opened with sums of any amount, and
ncreased from time to time. at the convenience of depositors-
A receipt, signed by two Directors, is given for each sum de-
posited. •
RATE AND PAYMENT OF INTEIMX.

The rate of Interest since the establishment of the Company has
never been less than five pc r cent. per annum ; and it is confidently
anticipated that the same careful and judicious selection from secu-
rities of the above description will enable the Board of MApagement
to continue this rate to depositors.
The Interest is due and payable in January and July, on the
amount standing in the name of the depositor on the 30th of June
and 3' st of December, and for the convenience of parties residing at
a distance may be received at the Branch Offices, or remitted
through Country Bankers.
PETER MORRISON, Managing Director.

•
3, Pall-Mall East, London.
Forms for opening accounts may be obtained at any of the
Branches or Agencies, or they will be forwarded, post free, on appli-
cation to the Managing Director.

TN-VESTMENTS in BRITISH MINES.
1 Full particulars of the most important Dividend and Progressive
Mines will he found in the Fourth Edition of BRITISH MINES
CONSIDERED as an INVESTMENT, recently published by J. H.
MURCHISON, Esq., F.G.S., F.S.S. Price 3s. 6d., by post, 4s.
Mr. Murchison also publishes a QUARTERLY REVIEW of
BRITISH MINING, giving the position and prospects of the Mines
at the end of each quarter, the Dividends paid, &c. &c. '
The REVIEW for the Quarter ending 31st of MARCH, 1857, is
NOW READY, with a Map of the Alfred and Rosewarne mining
districts, price Is.

" The book will be found extremely valuable."—Observer. •
" A valuable little book.""—Globe,
" A valuable guide to investors."—Herapath.
" A useful little volume."—Morning Herald.
" Of great value to capitalists."—Sunderland Times.
" Parties requiring information on mining investments will find no
better and safer instructor than Mr. Murchison."—Leeds Times.
" One of the most valnable mining publications which has come
under our notice, and contains more information than any other on
the subject of which it trests."—Derby Telegraph.
" To those who wish to invest capital in British mines this work
is of the first importance."—Welshman.
"This work enables the capitalist to invest on sound principles
it is, in truth, an excellent guide."—Plymouth Journal.
Copies of the aboN e publications can be obtained at Mr. Murchi-
son
Ollces,
117, Bishopsgate-street Within, London; and reliable
informationand advice will at any time be given to those who may
require it.

T 0 Z EAIT' S COPAHINE, or SACCHARATED
t CAPSULES, approved of by the r'rench College of Physicians,
successfully administered in the Paris and London Hospitals, and
acknowledged by them to be the best remedy for a certain disorder.
(See Lancet" of Nov. 6, 1852.) A copy will be forwarded on appli-
cation.--Price per 100, 45.6 d.: 50, 2s. 9d. To be had of the inventor,
GABRIEL JOZ EAU, French chemist, 49, Haymarket, London,
and all the principal chemists.

31 R. HOWARD, burgeon-Dentist, 52, Fleet-
street, has introduced an entirely new description of ARTI-
PIC:IAL TEETH Axed without springs, wires, or ligatures. They so
icherfeocritlgyinraiesebmy hthleetelhoesnesattkaobalsertveeerthohasey will never change colour or
to be distinguished from
lecay, and will be found very superior to any teeth ever before used.
This method does not require the extraction of roots, or any painful
operation, and will support and preserve teeth that are loose, and Is
guaranteed to restore articulation and mastication; and that Mr.
Howard's improvement may be within the reach of the most econo-
mical, he has fixed the charges at the lowest scale possible. • De-
cayed teeth stopped and rendered sound and useful in mastica-
tOn.--42, Fleet-et/int. At home from ten till dye.

RMY.

' Tavern, the. Marquis of Conyngliam in the chair.
Covers were laid for 700 persons. Among those
present were:—Field-Marshal Viscount ,Coinberl-
mere, Earl of Beauchamp, Lord G. Paget, C. 8.,
Viscounts Ingestre, TempletoWn, and Templ-more,
Earl Mountcharles, Lord de Ros, Col. Parker,
lh
e
s t -Col.
States
. llt
Gen. Hall, Sir W. Wynne, Hon. H. S. Law, Col.
Oakes,
steam-frigate Sus4nehana;
Capt. J. Sands, after saluting the- Grand Duke
Constantine's flag, as noticed in our report of his
Imperial Highness's visit to Osborne, proceeded to
Gravesend. The folio wing particulars with reference
to the construction of tide frigate may interest our
readers:—She has four tubular boilers fitted athwart
ships, with upright tubes, the water lying around
them. These boilers were constructed on a new plan
by the chief engineer of the United Stat es' navy, and
were made at Baltimore; this:is the first ship, with
the exception of the Merrimac, which has been fittod
With them. Her average consumption of coals (of
which she_stows away 1,000 tons) is about 35 tons
for the 24 hours, which amount produces an aver-.
age speed of 10, knots an hOur under steam alone.
Her cylinders are 6 feet in diameter, 20 feet stroke,
carrying from 121 b. to 181 b., pressure of steam, 151 b."
being tho average ;
,average revolutions, 15 or 16.
She has several officers on board, who have came
over to this country to render their assistance in
laying down the great Atlantic telegraph cable.
The Agamemnon, Master Commander C orneline
T. A. NOddall, reported as having left for ;Birken-
head, was recalled when between the Glreat Nore/
and the Mouse, in consequence of atelegraphic de-
spatch from the Admiralty, ordering her to remain
at the Nore until further orders. She is to take in
that portion of the cable intended to have been
taken by the Niagara, and the St. Jean D'Acre is
to proceed (when ready) to Birkenhead.
The Cyclops paddle-wheel steam-frigate, Lieute-
nant-Commander Joseph D tyman heerness
on Saturday last, for the purpose of taking sound-
ings of the line along which it is proposed the great
Atlantic telegraph cable should be laid d'Own.
The Cumberland, 70 guns, Capt. J. B. Dickson,.
left Sheerness yesterday, in obedience to a tele-
graphic
order from the Admiralty, for Portsmouth,
where she is to remain until her full complement
of men has been obtained.

A general muster and inspection of the steam
squadron squadron of reserve at Sheerness will take place to-
day.

7.`A.YING DOWN THE TRANSATLANTIC
TELEGRAPH CABLE.

ne following istatempnt has been addressed to
Nireators of. the Atletic Telegraph Company
b ut. FratilkslHigginsofi; Esq., R.N. :7
*le
The importanuektne subject on which I address
you will account far, and excuse this exclusively
business communiciors.
I have no desiretoThonsiderBd one of the ovariise
but all men of common sense aft xperiern
constitutes the wisdom of the practically ant.
More than 40 years have elapsed since I b a
seamen ; and from the time electric telegraph les
were invented the best means of laying them down
appeared to me an object which merited practical
study, and mature professional consideration.
When the earliest abortive attempts were made
with the firstcable bet ween Dover and Calais, in 180,
I pointed out in a correspondence with the Govern-
ment offices (still producible) the inadequacy of
the means then used, and at that period invented
an apparatus (registered as a design, December,
1851, as can be ascertained at the registration of
designs office), of which it may be sufficient to say;
that its details have been more or less adopted in
the fittings of all steam vessels since employed for
laying down such cables, without recompense to
the inventor. 1

With this, however, I am aware you have no-
thing whatever to do, and merely mention the fact
to prove the extent of my labours and research ;
only further premising that, although the ma-
chinery of my invent'on, properly modified to meet
varying circumstances, would tasily have accom-
plished in every former instance the desired end,
within comparatively short distances of one or two
hundred miles, it, as well as other proposed me•
thods, will necessarily require a different applica-
tion of, principles and.ppwor_sjand many additional
indispensable adjuncts, to- provide against any at-
'tempted laying down a cable between Britain and
America turning out a complete failure, attended
by the inevitable logs of all such portion of the
cable as may be incautiously submerged, for rea-
sons hereafter specified—meaning, of course, if the
methods heretofore practised, and apparently about
to be repeated in the Niagara and Agamemnon,
are persevered in.
I beg leave at the same time to state my thorough
conviction of the praCticability of your undertaking,

provided the necessary additional means are adopted
—having myself in 1851 repoVed to the govern-
ment th it a magnetic telegraph could be laid down
with safety and facility between any two given
places, however diAant, and offered personally to
superintend the operation, as can be proven by offi-
cial correspondence of that date, which I am ready
to produce to verify the facts. With proper mate-
rials properly applied I retain the same conviction
still, and am therefore deeply interested in your
ultimate success. But no man, or set of men, how-
ever zealous, skilful, or experienced, can accom-
plish that which is practically impossible, and such
I aver will be found any attempt made to lay down
a cable between Britain and America, in the old,
pay and go, drum, stopper, compress, and stick-it-
out style, which has heretofore effected the work
undertaken in various instances, even for short
comparative distances, with so much difficulty, and
never without serious and expensive mishaps.
I conclude you have not based any of your cal-
culations as to distance, or the track to be followed
in laying down your cable, upon soundings recently
said to have been obteined at perpendicular depths
(in fathoms) of one and a half, two, and two and a
half miles. Because, without imputing to officers
in our own navy (who allege they have sounded at
seven and eight miles depth !), or to the members
of other services, more than having themselves been
deceived, in supposing they have so struck sound-
ings, it will be conclusive to point out, both modern
science and actual experiment demonstrate, that
long before any such depths could be reached, the
deep-sea lead (or any heavier weight which a lead-
line would be strong enough to haul up again as it
neared the surface) must necessarily have displaced
its own specific gravity, in so` dense a medium as
water, and consequently at once then stop, remain-
ine suspended, equilibrated, or, as usually termed,
afloat, all line payed out afterwards being merely
slack taken by the vessel's drift or motion, and the
line's own triflingly greater weight than water,
wherein rope will coil and sink, until either drawn
after the ship hor4ontally, or the lead-line itself
gradually reaches by descent its own weight-point of
flotation.

I have myself seen a heavy gun (a cannon) dis
mounted, slung, and lowered, at first by a hawser
in a snatch-block, from a vessel's mainyard properly
secured, decreasing the size of the rope as the gun
descended, until the rode or line became quite slack,
and then the submerged cannon was towed some
distance by a boat, hanging only by a piece of two-
inch rope, proving the gun had indeed displaced its
specific gravity, but not that soundings were ob-
tained. The inference intended to be drawn, there-
fore, is, that there need be no apprehension of your
cable chafing on the bottom in greater depths than
two hundred fathoms, as its weight will not, with
the surface presented, immerse it more, in oceans
such as the Atlantic, whose average depth may be
estimated at about four miles ; consequently extra-
ordinary provision for weighing, or precautions
against chafe, need only be made at the extremities
as the ends approach the land ; whilst as regards
security by submersion against accidentg, two hun-
dred fathoms down will be as effectual as if your
cable could sink to the antipodes.
The selection of screw-propelled ships to ]ay
your cable down would certainly appear not to be
the best, as the laziness and known uncertainty
with which screw vessels draw astern, or make a
sternboard, presents an obvious though not per.
haps insuperable objection to their employment,
for such purposes ; whilst paddles can be backed to
regulate or obviate a strain at any instant with
certainty and precision. After the cables are joined
there cannot be a doubt that every, possible care will
be taken to have plenty of slack ranged, and all
other means adopted to pay out and give cable as
required ; that the officers will also, only very gra-
dually, get way on the Niagara and Agamemnon ;
but with all such precautions, it must be remem-
bered, that to the adverse momentum of two mov-
ing bodies of, say 4,000 tons each, your cab's on the
slightest check would present no sensible resistance,
but be as inevitably carried away as a cobweb ex-
tended between two cart-horses drawingindifferent
directions. The Agamemnon and Niagara will un-
doubtedly do, to lay out the cable, when all addi-
tional requisites are furnished ; but in future cases
paddle steamers should be preferred, for the rea-
sons defined.
The principle likewise appears inexplicable upon wbic'h
it has been decided to send the cables to sea, join, and
then ran them out from a central point—as seamen