The Sun.
London, England, 1859-11-10 00:00:00

NO ItORE 31EDECINE!'s

DU 13 1. 'CRY'S DE T. TC TO US 'HEALTH- RESTORING
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Super refined quality, 51b. 22a. ; 101 b. 335. The 101 b. and 121 b.
canisters are forwarded carriame free, on rect- eipt of Post-office
order. Barry Du Barry and Co., 77, Regenstreet, London;
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Edinburgh, %tines and Co

(Rein the Braghton Chronicle.)
A particularly interesting lecture was delivered
in the Music Hall at the Royal Pavilion, on Monday
evening, on "The Search for the Franklin Expedi-
tion, by Land and by Sea," by Dr. King, of Sir
George Back's expedition to the great Fish River.
The room was excessively crowded, and hundreds
were unable to obtain admission. The lecturer
spoke with great fluency, and the audience fre-
quently rewarded his endeavours with great ap-
plause. W. Coningham, Esq., M.P., occupied the
chair, ami on the platform were several of the Town
Council and others. A large chart of the North
Polar Seas was suspended behind the lecturer, to
which he frequently referred. Some crayon por-
traits of the Esquimaux, in different dresses, were
upon the platform, to which, however, the lecturer
did not refer. On Mr. Coningham and Dr. King
entering the room they were greeted with tremen-
dous cheering.
The CHAIRMAN said that, about fourteen years
ago, at Woolwich dockyard, two vessels were fitted
out for another expedition to the Polar regions—
the Erebus and the Terror. The Erebus was com-
manded by Sir John Franklin, and the Terror by
Captain Crozier. Their destination was to.explor•
the remaining portions of the north-west passage,
which had so long occupied the attention of our
navigators. They went out full of hope—their
only fear was that they might pass through the
straits too easily, and emerge on the other side
before their magnetic observations had been com-
pleted. He need not remind them how cruelly
their anticipations had been fulfilled. They started
in 1845, and in 1847 the greatest public anxiety
was manifested about them ; and, after a great deal
of urging, the Admiralty were induced to offer a
reward for information of their whereabouts. The
reward offered was--he was informed by a person
of whose veracity he could entertain no doubt, and
of whose knowledge he was equally certain—the
sum of £25 !—for information of an expedition com-
posed of the finest and bravest officers and crews
which could be found in her Majesty's service !
"Various private expeditions had been subsequently
sent forth, and lately Captain M'Clintock had
brought home but meagre informatioa of their ulti-
mate destiny. There was a gentleman, however,
who seemed to have had an extraordinary predi•-
tion of what would happen to these unfortunate
expeditions, and urged upon the Colonial Office,
and upon the Admiralty, the necessity of sending
expeditions to the Fish River, where, if a ship had
been lost, the crews must inevitably make their
way. The very spot which he pointed out was that
to which the two vessels directed their efforts, as
they could read in Dr. Ray's interesting narrative.
The hon. gentleman then declared his firm convic-
tion that the story of cannibalism was a pure fiction.
He knew not only Fitz James, but many of the
other officers who composed that expedition, and he
believed they were incapable of resorting to such
a practice. He concluded by introducing to the
audience the lecturer, to whom he had alluded, as
having pointed out the Fish River as the place
where a land and summer expedition should be
directed. (Cheers.)
Dr. KING, who on rasing was loudly cheered,
began by.briefly alluding to the commencement of
those various expeditions which had been sent in
search of the " North-west Passage," which had led
to the conclusion that there was a Polar sea. Upon
the scientific and geographical data given to them
from Baffin's Bay and Behring's Straits by various
navigators, the Government determined to despatch
expeditions for the purpose of discovering this pas-
sage. To all those who were always crying out "Cu/
bone ?"—let him say it was of the utmost import-
ance in a commercial point of view, because at that
time they had not used steam power as a propeller
for ships, and this passage it was supposed would
be almost a direct route from England to our Indian
possessions. Subsequently it became a scientific
question ; and the results they had had from these
various expeditions were something enormous. In
consequence of the discoveries of Ross, Simpson,
Back, and others, the Government determined, of
their own accord, to send out an expedition. It
was not an expedition of Sir J. Franklin, in which
he came forward and said, " Gentlemen, I am
anxious for service; I want to be employed, and
will you give me service ?"' ''N•6. such thing. It
was the Board of Admiralty themselves—the Go-
vernment themselves concocted the plan. They
called upon the Royal Society to accord to them the
fact that it was desirable in a scientific point of
view; and Sir J. Franklin and his officers and
crew did ne more to that great expedition than
every officer would do—volunteer when their
Queen and their country called upon them to go
on a great errand. (Cheers.) If Franklin did go
to form the nucleus of an iceberg, was he to
blame ? Who was to blame but the parties who
sent him? If he went to accomplish great points,
and great services, then he (the lectarer) maintained
that every effort that could possibly be made should
be made to recover whatever records there might
happen to be of that expedition. (Hear, hear.)
Franklin's instructions were, that he was to pro-
ceed up Baffin's Bay, enter Behring's Strait, and
when he passed through the Strait he was to take
no notice of the inlet., but to make a direct course
north-west, towards the continent of America. It
was a matter of secrecy ; but he (Dr. King) chal-
lenged the Government, and at last drew from them
the fact of the route which they had been ordered
to take. He never could have been so impudent as
he had been in asserting certain points and things
if they had not been founded upon the best know-
ledge that it was possible for a man to possess on
the subject. (Cheers.) The points he urged were
—first, lands having an eastern aspect are ice-
bound; and, secondly, those having a western aspect
are ice-free. It was a remarkable fact that nearly
all the failures arose from not properly studying
that fact. The lecturer then spoke of the efforts
made in the search for Franklin. The first great
effort that the Government made he always felt was
the right, only it was not sufficiently comprehensive.
ft was supposed at that time that Franklin had gone
up Wellington Inlet, and there was an expedition
started with the intention of going across Russia,
thinking that Franklin had gone so high up the Polar
Sea that he had been thrown upon the Asiatic coast.
The lecturer then asserted that he considered Dr.
Ray's account of cannibalism was a most unwarrant-
able assertion. Ile (the lecturer) did not say Dr.
Ray did not have it fram an Esquimaux, but he
ought to have known what it was worth, and had
better not have mentioned the subject at all. Ray
went within 40 miles of where he could have veri-
fied the account of the Esquimaux ; but he turned
from it, and went 90 miles in another direction, and
then returned back, but never went the 40 miles to
verify the account! The lecturer did not think Dr.
Ray was able to clear up precisely how he did ac-
count for the Esquimaux tale. He then, after
speaking of the discoveries made by Capt. M'Clin-
tock, contended that the Esquimaux had positively
pointed out the spot where the ships were wrecked ;
and said if they referred to Ray's account in 1850,
" that there were 40 white men travelling over the
ice, and dragging a boat," they had positive evi-
dence that between 1849 and 1850 the 105 who
were alive in the year 1847 ware reduced to 40,
excepting they divided themselves, and went in dif-
ferent directions. Then there was a boat found, in
which were two skeletons and a large quantity of
clothing, watches, and other articles, the prin-
cipal feature of which he believed to be the
amount of clothing, and it was evident that there
were two men left to watch the boat, the main
party having gone to the Fish River, leaving their
winter clothing behind in the boat. But then what
became of the 40 ? The Esquimaux had said that
they died; but Mr. Anderson had been down to
the place indicated, and he did not find the bodies.
They must have gone to Point Ogle, and to Mon-
treal Island. People talked of carnivore, the
wolves, &c., but he knew carnivera did not eat
skulls, and therefore he maintained that at the
present moment it is a great mystery what became
of these 40. Ile believed that the hoat was left
with the two men in it, and that the 40 men made
for the Fish River, and never returned to the boat.
His opinion was that these two men died of cold,
butand the other tihne
ra
apsr probability, il
andity ,t
hoante ww e
one was in the bow of the boat and the other in the
rsatsh the reason s ick
man,avlii
stern. M'Clintock's ex cl• •pe item showed what the
lecturer had d contendc t• or for the last 12 years—
that they could do nothing
in these seas in ships ;
and when Captain M'Clintock had got to a certain
point he conld go no further, even with the wreck
before him, which made men more eager than ever
for a limited search • precisely to the spot where these
people had died, or perhaps where a small remnant

were still existing. (Cheers.) If there were any
survivors they must be amongst the Esquimaux,
and if so they were, in his opinion, on Lake Garry,
beyond which it was imiossible for them to pro-
ceed. It was an everlasting disgrace to this country
that they had left these men in the position they
had, and the day must came when they could not
leave the fate of Franklin in its present condition
—we were now upon the threshold of knowing what
they had been about. (Cheers.) That he had dis-
covered the great Polar passage there was not a
shadow ofdoubt whatever. There was one point which
did not strike Franklin at the time, a point which
made a very great impression upon him (1)r. King)
in going over tlii matter—viz., if you go into a
sea which is in a state of congelation, that never
was frozen before, it became immediatly frozen. It
is a nucleus to form ice in a bay. Franklin had a
strong feeling that if he could only get to hug"
the land he would find " lanes" of water ; but that
which was water when he went in became immedi-
ately frozen. He (the lecturer) could prove the theory
that a ship itself became its own " berg," by going
into these half-frozen waters. He contended that a
summer survey down that river would throw an en-
tire light upon the history of the missing crew.
There was not a doubt about it; and the trifling sum
that it would cost to perform such a journey, he
maintained the Government were bound to find.
(Cheers.) It must be done by the Government, and
he had offered to do it for £l,OOO, and he believed

the lludson's Bay expedition cost them £3,000.
That was the greatest disgrace that ever fell upon a
great commercial company, a company which held
their charter on the con ditime that they discovered
land, and who promised Prince Rupert, who granted
them that charter, that they would find the north-
west passage. The Admiralty were culpable first,
for not doing their duty: properly; and secondly,
for not demanding that the Hudson's Bay Com-
pany should search that part, which could not cost
them £3,000 or £4,000 at the utmost. They had
deferred the progress of discovery, and bad dis-
graced the charter which they held. (Cheers.) And
although the Government had spent nearly
£2,000,000 in search of Franklin, they had never
sought him where they ordered him to,go. They
would not allow an expedition to be sent in the
actual direction of the Fish River, which must
have met the party, if Franklin followed his orders ;
and there were records to show that Franklin fol-
lowed his orders to the very letter. He (the lec-
turer) felt strongly upon the absence of any record
being found upon Becehy Island ; and no man who
knew anything at all about it would doubt that
some record was left there. If so, what had become
of it ? He believed there had been treachery some-
where, because if they had at an early period fell
upon a record at Beechv Island, stating that they
were making for the Fish River, he thought the
British Government would have prevented him
from going down that river in search of them. He
maintained that it was inexpensive as regards
money, and also as regards life, so that, under these
circumstances, seeing that a summer survey was
required, it was due to this people, and to our na-
tional honour, that we should know exactly where
to find the wreck, and that we should make that

little summer survey he proposed. (Cheers.) The
lecturer concluded by proposing a vote of thanks to
the Chairman, and especially to thank him for al-
lowing him the opportunity of addressinc, so very
numerous, and certainly very enlightened, an
audience.

A vote of thanks was carried amidst great
applause.
Mr. CONINGIIAM returned thanks and said that
the object of their meeting this evening was really
a public one, and a most interesting one ; and ho
trusted it would not be without its results. Ho

hoped, after what they had heard, that they
would clearly see the course for this country to
adopt was a very simple one. All attempts to
get at the lost ships, or obtaining further
records of the lost crews by sea was evidently
fruitless. The only thing that remained to be
done was a summer survey down this Fish River,
where Dr. King for years past has been directing
the attention of the Admiralty as the place where
the crews of these ships would be found. He (Dr.
King) had told them this expedition would be inex-
pensive, and that it would be fraught with little
danger to those who were engaged in it. He (Mr.
Coningham) thought that when this great nation
had sent forth expeditions upon such dangerous
errands as it had done, having gone to the enor-
mous cost of £2,000,000 in searching after them, it
would not, at the eleventh hour, stop short, and say
they would send no further, but leave the crew—
the possible survivors—and their records to pass
away. (Great cheering.) He trusted that every
one present would urge upon their frietids, and
those of influence, the necessity of persuading the
Government—to force upon the Government, for
they would do nothing evidently unless they were
forced—(hear, hear, and applause)—to carry out this
necessary search: He thought that any further
records would be of the highest interests to science.
The discoveries of these men might be of very great
value; but still more, those humane feelings which
he believed animated the breasts of every English-
man would prompt him to urge that this expedition
should be undertaken for their own satisfaction, and
for the satisfaction of the friends and relatives of
the gallant men who had laid down their lives in
this dangerous search. (Cheers.)
An unanimous vote of thanks was then accorded
to the worthy lecturer, after which the assembly
dispersed.

THE iIRITISLIDISPUTE WITH

PAR. G (IA F.

Since our detail last month of the particulars o
this unpleasantness, despatches have been forwarded
by the Government of Senor Lopez, President of
Paraguay, to Lord J. Russell, Secretary of State
for Foreign Affairs. These set forth, as we have
stated, that there was no intention whatever, nor is
there the least desire now, on the part of the Pa-
r aguayan authorities to do anything that should
interrupt those friendly relations that have so long
subsisted between the two countries, ever since the
arrival in Asuncion of Mr. Consul Henderson, who
has always experienced the greatest courtesy. But,
the despatches add, it would be destructive of those
relations, because destructive of the self-respect and
efficiency of the executive of Paraguay, were it to
suffer its domestic laws to be set aside, and the ad-
ministration of justice, according to the established
local tribunals, to be overruled at the demand of a
' foreign Consul, in behalf of a person not a subject
of the State that functionary acts for, and who,
even if he were,
be dealt with according to the well-known joridi-
is equally amenable as a native to
cal usages of the territory he is dwelling in at the
time. The history of the transaction is given with
minuteness, and, as far as we can gather, with fair-
ness. It would certainly seem that President Lopez.
who has had so many troubles on his hands of late,
could not be wished to increase them through pro-
voking a quarrel with England by dealing with
unjustifiable harshness towards a single British sub-
ject. But he maintains that the person claiming to
be such has no pretensions to the character, having
long travelled in Paraguay as a Monte Videan na-
tive citizen, with a passport of that city ; until he
conspired with certain Paraguayana to assassinate
the President and family. Then he exhibited a pass-
port obtained at the British Consulate in Monte
Video, but which could be no protection for any
Englishman against the consequences of a criminal
act ; certainly no protection against being put on his
trial to answer a criminal charge; and this is all that
is being done. The President, or rather his Minister,
Senor Valdez, repeats his belief that when Lord J.
Russell comes dispassionately to weigh the whole
case, he will be of opinion not only that the Para-
guayan Government have not done anything un-
warranted by the usages of civilized nations, to
friendly intercourse with each other, but that it
would have been impossible it could have done
otherwise, without deliberately incurring the odium
of its own citizens and the contempt of every state
that might become aware of such abandonment of
all domestic independence to foreign dictation. We
hope the correspondence on this subject will be laid.
before Parliament as soon as the session begins, so
that we may know what are the real grounds for
any action of a coercive kind, if such should be
thought of, in that distant part of the world, where
our interference has so frequently resulted in evi▪ l
to ourselves and others, and so seldom in good to
either. Witness all our operations, and prevention
of operations, in regard to Rosas, whose ruinous
and sanguinary regime our bungling intervention
was the means of continuing for years after i▪ t
should have collapsed. It ultimately did when
" civilizing" England got out of the way of that
civilization which never could have visited the Rio
Plata as long as the oppressor held the keys of the
rt
grasp, locking them up,
ap-
proach of the European and outer world.—Lirer-
alyii,sßoltvia, &c., from all. eertihneer IN)Nriotl,h-inpraersagiihi

[ADVI9ITISEMENT.] - Mr. Benson, Ludgate-hill, has
just published a new illustrated pamphlet on watches (free
by post for two stamps). It should be read by all who are
about buying a watch, as it contains prices and important
information as to—What watch to buy I where to buy it I
and how to use it

A deputation of reserved captains, Royal Navy,
consisting of Capts. John Hills, Josiah Thompson,
John R. Woodiiff, and J. M. Mottley, waited upon
the Duke of Somerset, at the Admiralty, on Satur-
day, the sth inst., and presented a memorial signed
by most of those officers on the reserved list, pray-
ing that the advantages which they anticipated
from their reserved promotion might be conceded
to them. His Grace received the deputation with
great kindness, and promised his best attention to
the subject. A counterpart of the memorial was
also presented to Admiral Lord Clarence Paget, the
Secretary to the Admiralty, by Capt. Thomas D.
Stewart.

t oHn
Cr Majesty'so Inm ander paddlewheel
Charles" Wake,
steam
l sloopDv a
from e
Northsta
-
America and the West Indies, arrived at Woolwich
yesterday at 12.30. She is to proceed this morn-
ing down the river on a trial of her machinery
before being stripped and paid off.
The steam transport Peninsula was yesterday
chartered by the War Department for Gibraltar,
the Franklyn for Algoa Bay, and the India for
Quebec, to ship war stores from Woolwich Arsenal.
The gunboat Weazel, Lieut. Howorth, which left
Plymouth for China with the Centaur, parted com-
pany off Ushant, and has returned to the Sound.
Her bulwarks and quarterboat are stove, and jib-
boom carried off. She has gone into dock at Devon-
port to make good defects. The Cockchafer con-
tinued in tow of the Centaur.

Port-Admiral Sir Barrington Reynolds, K.C.8.,
accompanied by Capt. Jerningham, of the gunnery
ship Cambridge, went into Plymouth Sound on
Tuesday, in the gunb3at Redwing, and inspected
the crew of the Ifavannah, 19, Capt. T. Ilarvey,
just returned from the Pacific. She discharged her
powder the same day, and was subsequently towed
by the Zephyr and Confiance tugs into Ifamoaze,
where her crew will be paid off.
A large body of workmen, under the direction of
Mr. Woods, clerk of the works at Portsmouth
Dockyard, are busily employing in completing the
erection of the staging round the bows of the
Victoria, for the accommodation of her Majesty and
the Royal family, and also those of the public who
have admittance to this part by tickets which have
bee■ issued for the purpose. It is calculated that
there will be a sufficiency of room in this gallery,
for nearly 1,000 spectators. Ample provision will
also be made under the shed for the accommodation
of the general public. As far as is known at pre-
sent, her Majesty is expected to enter the dockyard
in the Royal train by the eastern gate, alight in the
vicinity of the steam basin, and, entering the car•
riages which be in attendance, at once proceed
the short remaining distance by the new dock and
entrance to the steam basin to the scene of the in-
tended launch. The central gallery will be opened
for the admission of parties in the possession of
tickets at 10 a.m., and all places must be taken by
11 a.m., at which time the entrance will be closed.

ROYAL ARSENAL.—WOOLWICII, Nov. 9.—Two
complete 18-pounder batteries, and a large quantity
of shot and shell, have been shipped during the pre-
sent week—the former to be forwarded to Pem-
broke, and the latter for the coast defences of the
Merseyland the Hastings coastguard vessel at Liver-
pool. Unabated activity still prevails in the ship-
ment of war stores for China, and several river pft-
toons for service in that country have been prepared.

It is also stated that a number of Sir Wm. Arm-
strong's rifled guns will be forwarded to China as
soon as possible, with gun-carriages suitable for
naval as well as for military operations. The artil-
lery force about to embark on board the Simoom at
Portsmouth for Hong Kong comprises in its ranks
about 30 non-commissioned officers who have re-
cently returned from the school of gunnery at S hoe-
buryness, and have been reported as competent in-
structors in the use of rifled ordnance. In accord-
ance with recent orders from the War Department,
the manufacture of brass guns at the Royal Arsenal

is to be entirely suspended for the present.
The following appointments were made yesterday
at the Admiralty :—Lieut. C. A. Heysham, to the
Mutine ; Lieut. IV. R. Kennedy, to the Trafalgar ;
G. D. Downing, Second Master to the Nautilus; F.
G. R. Wright, Assistant Clerk to the Mars ; and
Hugh B. Edwards, Assistant Clerk to the Algiers.