The Sun.
London, England, 1859-10-12 00:00:00

Commence at 7 o'clock.

CANTERBURY -
EVERY EVENING.—The Music of Verdi's Opera of
MACBETH (now first made public in England at these Con-
-serts), the extraorainary Violin Performances of the cele-
Lrated Infant DELEPIERRE FAMILY, and the usual
Vocal Concert.
Comic Vocalists —Messrs. George Hodson (the Irish Come-
dian and Mimic), W. T. Critchfield, and E. W. Mackney.
Several interesting- Pictures are added to the Fine Arts
Gallery. The suite of Halls have been re decorated and
beautified, and constitute one of the most unique and brilliant
sights of the metropolis.
Will shortly be produced, a Grand Selection from Meyer-
beer's new opera of DINORAH.

THE WEATHER.—SuN OFFICE, OCTOBER 12
THERMOMETER, IN THE.BHADE.
60—highest since noon yesterday.
.56—lowest this morning and during the night.
61—this day at noon.

BARomETEn-29.70.
WIND. N.E . ; light, with dull cloudy weather.

HIGH WATER AT LONDON BRIDGE.
THIS DAY.—Morning, lh. 55m.—Afternoon, 2h. 10m.
To-lgoititow-Morning, 2h. 25m.—Afternoon, 2h. 41m.

Immediately before our going to press there
comes flashing to us a telegram dated Zurich this
12th of October, according to the terse wording of
which we are given to understand that an European
Congress may yet arise (and that very speedily)
out of these protracted and apparently quite im-
practicable Conferences. " The Conferences" says
the telegram flashed from Zurich this very forenoon
"do not draw to a close-" And why ? " Austria
atill refuses to diminish the debt of Lombardy to be
borne by Sardinia." That obstinacy on the part of
Austria is important enough in itself—but the re-
fusal by Sardinia, but still more the refusal by
France of any concession to it, is yet more
important. " The demands of Austria,"
says the telegram, "are not only resisted
by Sardinia, but do not receive the
support of France which has proposed to Austria,
and Piedmont to sulsmit the disputed point to the
arbitration of another Power." And that other
Power ? Obviously at a glance it must be England,
it can be no other of the great Powers than Eng-
land. "No answer," quoth the telegram, " has been
received to this proposition up to the present time."
No wonder : the suggestion is not calculated to be so
very welcome to the Court of Vienna—and the alter-
native, upon a point-blank refusal of it, might be
the resumption of hostilities in Northern Italy upon
the close of the protracted armistice. Whether, in
the event of the proposition being acceded to by
Austria, the arbitration of another Power
might not lead to an European Congress
as inevitable, remains, of course, yet further
problematical. Noting these sinister rumours
now beginning to be once more and that too pretty
confidently muttered about at Paris, at Turin, at
Zurich, and in London—the rumours of a possible,
_nay of an intended absorption of Savoy by France
--we could almost hope that this long talked of pro•
ject of a Congress may be realized. Sardinia
must not be mulcted. Italy must not be robbed.
England must look to it. The maintenance of the
principle' of neutrality by our Government does not
mean the disgraceful abnegation by England of all
her influence in the adjustment of the sacred rights
and interests of Christendom.

By a fatal coincidence England, nay, the world
has lost within the brief compass of a month, the
two greatest among our great, Engineers It ap-
pears only the other morning that the remains
of ISAMBARD BRUNEL was followed to his
honoured and lamented grave by his sorrowing
friend and almost fraternal rival ROBERT STEPHEN-
ION. And now the latter is gone too, having
breathed his last this very afternoon. He has left
behind him, however, a reputation second to none
other in the splendid annals of engineer..
ing. These two men, BRUNEL and STEPHEN-
SON, have, in testimony of their genius,
as sureties of the perpetuity of their fame
built up for themselves long since imperishable
manunnoto. For ourselves alone they have died
(both -of them) prematurely. As for themselves
their work was done, and done nobly by sons
worthy of their sires—done in a manner worthy
(it is the sum of all eulogium in their regard)
worthy even of a BRUNEL -Ind a STEPHENSON.

Ambrosial zephyrs are wafting to us just now
from all points of the compass rumours of Peace.
This is in the midst, of course, of all kinds of war-
like preparations upon either side of the Channel,
with a view to the steady carrying out of the
Allied expedition against the recreant Chinese
Government. Otherwise than in that particular
direction, the accounts are almost everywhere be-
coming daily more and rnore pacific. Yet it was
but very recently that war appeared inevitable
upon the frontiers of Morocco—that it appeared
possible upon the shows of the little island of San

Juan, between the forces of Great Britain and
the United States—that it appeared imminent in
the River Plate between those of Buenos Ayres
and the Argentine Confederation ! We are now
cordially assured, however, that under the assuag-
ing influence of Lord J. RUSSELL'S foreign policy,
evil passions are very speedily to die out on all
sides, and the clouds that were but yesterday
looming on several parts of the horizon (some of
them considerably bigger than a man's hand), threat-
ening to darken into a tempest, are swiftly and surely
to be—if they are not already—scattered. Earnestly
do we hope, that every one of these halcyon rumours
may be verified. Heartily do we trust that Lord
JOHN may approve himself, in every instance,
capable of exercising this benign glamour upon
African, upon North American, and upon
South American diplomacy. At this rate -the
noble lord, the Foreign Secretary, rather than :his
colleague, the Prime Minister, will deserve
henceforth to be dubbed in earnest, as the
noble viscount was once dubbed in jest by Lord.
DERBY—"Don Pacifico !" As it is the statements we
are here alluding to are, as yet, no more than the
bruiting about of rumours full (every one of them)
of encouragement. For so much, and for no more,
we accept them—but even " for so much," as mere
on dits, we accept them, of course, gratefully.
None will rejoice more than ourselves in their ful-
filment—none will more cordially commend this
novel evidence of Lord JOHN'S signal genius as an
universal Pacificator. As agreeable statements con-
fidently made, the rumours above hinted at are at
the very least worthy of enumeration. Let them
be accepted or not, there is no reason why they
should not be particularised.
One among these acceptable assurances is to the
effect that, in the most amicable spirit, the noble
lord her MAJESTY'S Foreign Secretary is endea-
veuring, with every prospect of success, to main-
, tain peace in the River Plate, and by mere diplo-
matic influence to reconcile the differences long
placing the Argentine Republic and Buenos Ayres
in direct antagonism.
. .

Another amiable " it is said"—goes to the effect
that Lord JOHN is charming into silence the thun-
der of the confronting guns of Spain and Morocco.
Another and a still more acceptable assurance
tends to allay the anxiety awakened in the hearts
of all true lovers of peace, but especially of peace
between England and America, by the lawless
seizure of the Island of San Juan by General HAR-
NEY, in the name of the United States Government.
It is intimated by General SCOTT, the newly-
appointed Commander-in-Chief from Washing-
ton, who is to follow implicitly the policy marked
in 1855 distinctly enough by Secretary MARCY—
" according to which," says the originator of this
vague, but welcome rumour, the Daily News of
this morning, "neither party is to claim exclusive
rights in the disputed territory, while the question
of territorial sovereignty remains undecided." Our
contemporary adds, in a tone that we cannot but
deem rather incomprehensible under the circum-
stances, " There is no doubt that the general mode-
ration and temperance of the press of both countries,
all the more conspicuous for a few exceptions, has
facilitated this desirable result. Nothing would have
been easier, and few things would have been more
wicked, than to discuss this delicate question in a
manner which would have aroused passions and
jealousies only to be quenched in blood." Certainly
the culpability in that deplorable event—namely, in
the event of an unnatural war resulting from the
seizure of San Juan by General HARNEY—would
have been a culpability devolving wholly and en-
tirely upon the United States' Government, and not
to the extent of one iota upon any English news
paper that breathed in reference to that lawless act
the language of a perfectly justifiable indignation.
And here we would as clearly as written words can
express it, insist upon the absolute necessity of San
Juan being evacuated by the American soldiers and
by the Yankee squatters, one and all, as a sine qua
non to the pacific arrangement we are every one
of us desirous of seeing carried out. Those troops
and those squatters have no right whatever
to be there. Their being there is an outrage
to the dignity and the loyalty of England. They
must be withdrawn as an essential preliminary to
the settlement of the long-standing dispute as to
the rights of sovereignty. Unless Lord JOHN in-
sists upon their being so withdrawn (as a prelimi-
nary), he will be acting in a manner calculated to
derogate from the dignity of the British Crown,
and to outrage yet further the loyalty of the British
Government.

Another magnificent oration from the lips of
Lord BROUGHAM adorns our columns this evening.
It will be read far and wide with delight and
admiration. It attests, in its way, quite as sig-
nally as the ex-Chancellor's great speech upon the
genius of NEWTON, that the intellect of Lord
BROUGHAM is as lustrous as ever, now that he
has passed the venerable age of an octogenarian.
The remarkable harangue published by us to-day is
the annual address delivered by Lord BROUGHAM
as founder of the National Association for the Pro-
motion of Social Science. Established that Asso-
ciation was in the year 1857, under the auspices of
the ex-Chancellor, and Lord BROUGHAM was himself
elected President, as such occupying the chair at its
first meeting held in that year of grace 1857 at
Birmingham. Lord JOHN RUSSELL, it will be
remembered, was chosen President, and spoke and
sat and acted as President in 1858 at Liverpool.
The Earl of SHAFTESBURY, elected as the
President for 1859, presides in that capacity
over this third meeting held for the current
year at Bradford. As the founder of the Social
Science Congress, however, Lord BROUGHAM an-
nually delivers an address to the Association. The
present address is the third the noble and learned
lord has contributed to the records of the Society,
and the scope of it is more than ever conspicuous,
the range of its subjects is more than ever extra-
ordinary. Earnestly do we commend the study of
this wise and eloquent Address to the consideration
of every thinking member of every educated class
in the community.

DEATH OF ROBERT STEPHENSON,
ESQ., M.P.

We deeply regret to announce the death of the
eminent civil engineer, Robert Stephenson, Esq.,
M.P. for'Whitby, F.R.S., and F.G.S.
The mournful event took place this day at a
quarter past 12, at his town mansion, 34, Glouces-
ter-square, Hyde-park.

The Prince Toussoon Pacha, accompanied by Mr.
R. H. Galloway, has left the Pavilion Hotel, Folkestone,
and embarked for Boulogne on his return to Egypt.

The Duke and Dueless of Sutherland have left
Dunrobin Castle on a visit to the Marquis and Marchioness
of Stafford at Tarbet, Ross-shire.

The Marquis of Salisbury has returned to town
on his way to Hatfield House,from visiting the Right Hon.
Benjamin and Mrs. Disraeli at Hughendon Manor, Bucks.
The Marquis and Marchioness of Clanricarde
were to arrive at Paris to-day, from Turin. The noble
marquis and marchioness intend to sojourn about a week
in the French capital.
The Earl and Countess of Hardwicke will return
to London to• morrow from Sydney Lodge. On Saturday
they will leave town for Wimpole Hall, Cambridgeshire.
The Earl and Countess of Airlie have arrived at
Cortachy Castle, from the Highlands.
Mr. and Lady Mary Craven have left town on a
visit to the Earl and Countess of Craven, at Ashdown Park,
Berks.

LATEST NEWS.

The following telegrams have been received at
Mr. Renter's office :

ZURICH, OCT. 11.

The Conferences do not; draw to a close. Austria
still refuses to diminish the amount of the debt of
Lombardy to be borne by Sardinia. The demands
of Austria are not only resisted by Sardinia, but
do not receive the support of France, who has
proposed to Austria and Piedmont to submit the
disputed point to the arbitration of another power.
No answer has been received to this proposition up
to the present time. The French Government
wishes the arrears of the pensions of the Monte
Napoleone, and an indemnity for the cost of the
late war, to be included in the settlement of the
debt which will have to be paid by Austria and
Piedmont.

The Paris correspoisdent of the Times (second
edition) says,—
" I have received a piece of intelligence of so
singular and important a nature that I should
hesitate to communicate it to you for publication
had I not great confidence in the opportunities and
veracity of my informant. It is to the effect that
the French Government proposes to claim from
Piedmont the expenses it incurred in the late war
with Austria. We are somewhat accustomed to
unexpected and startling acts on the part of the
present Government of France, and also to hear
strange things predicated as likely to be done
by it; we have heard people talk of in-
vasion of England, of a march upon the Rhine,
of the establishment of French Imperial scions
in Italian kingdoms—of a host of things, in
short, more or less probable or improbable, but to
me, at least, it has not occurred to hear any-
body suggest the probability of France demand-
ing from Piedmont payment for her late ser-
vices to Italy. Such, however, I have strong
reason to believe, is the Emperor's intention ;
and, perhaps, if we do not confine ourselves
too strictly to the bare fact, but look at the
matter from another point of view, we may find the
project nearly identical with one that was long
attributed to him. Nothwithstanding her recent ac-
quisition of a rich province, Piedmont is in no posi-
tion to meet the various heavy pecuniary claims
made upon her. In the first place, Austria demands
from her late antagonist 400,000,000 francs, and,
although this is likely to be ultimately much re-
duced—probably to 250,000,000, or thereabouts—
it will still be a severe pull on Sardinian resources.
France claims a handsome sum as indemnity for
the unpaid pensions charged on the Lombardo-
Venetian Monte fund, for the benefit of certain
dignitaries of the First Empire—pensions which have
not been paid since 1815. A portion of this sum
is claimed from Austria ; the remaining and larger
part is to fall on Piedmont, who seems expected to
pay on all sides, to allies as well as to enemies.
Now, it is no news to anybody that the Piedmontese
finances are in anything but a flourishing condition;
that the revenue has there long been exceeded by
the expenditure, that frequent loans have been con-
tracted, and that the late war has occasioned a
further great increase in the burdens of the trea-
sury. Lombardy, certainly a rich addition to the
dominions of the House of Savoy, has burdens of her
own, and, moreover, her provinces are by no means
in a uniformly flourishing state, nearly all of them
having suffered for some years past from tlse vine
disease and the degeneracy of the silk worm—
much more than from the Austrian misrule,
to which the Lombards were fond of attibuting all
their ills and losses—while some, the Valteline for
instance, have been completely impoverished and
ruined by the same causes. All these circumstances
c)nsidered, does it not appear highly probable
that, if France makes a claim upon Piedmont
for the expenses she incurred by the late war—a
claim which, if all those expenses are to be paid,
can hardly amount to less than 300,000,000 f.
or 400,000,000 f. Piedmont may think that
the best, if not the only feasible, way of
acquitting herself will be to cede the provinces
of Savoy and Nice ? Notwithstanding all that
may have been said and written to the con-
trary, I assure you most positively—as I have done
before when writing from Italy—that there was
question of such cession early in tie present year.
The Piedmontese Government concealed the project
as much as possible ; it felt that it was an ungra-
cious, not to say' an odious, act to make over to
another Power—no matter to what Power or for
what consideration—a loyal and faithful province,
the cradle of the House of Savoy, to which its in-
habitants had ever been warmly attached subjects,
and had furnished its best soldiers. But when
Count Cavour was pressed home upon the subject
on two different occasions, once by a distinguished
Savoyard nobleman and deputy, and again
by a deputation from that province, which
had occasion to see him on, if I rightly recollect,
business of another nature, and which availed of the
opportunity to question him concerning the foun-
dation of the reports then current ; on both those
occasions, I say, the Sardinian Premier was unable
to deny the imputed project, but qualified it by
saying that it would be left to the option of the pro-
vinces referred to to remain with Piedmont or to be
transferred to France. When the idea was first
bruited, the people of Savoy showed themse Ives
wounded and resentful at the thought of having
their old and staunch allegiance thus cheaply held,
and indeed rejected. The unexpected termination of
the war by the convention of Villafranca, so bitterly
distasteful to Piedmont and to the Italians gene-
rally, made a change, we may naturally suppose,
in the intentions of the Sardinian Government, and
that which it would have been willing to cede for
the possession of Lombardo-Venetia was too much
to give up for the insecure tenure of little more
than half the territory—and that half continually
menaced by a formidable line of Austrian fortresses.
We have since seen Savoyard papers checked and
punished for advocating annexation to France. The
French Government, too, has caused its organs of
publicity repeatedly to protest against its supposed
intention of aggrandising France as a result of her
interference in Italy. It certainly has not declared
that it would not demand war expenses from Pied-
mont, but nobody ever suspected it of meaning thus
to annul the claim to generosity, disinterestedness,
and magnanimity which has been so loudly put for-
ward here and so largely recognized in Italy.
That there is an existing intention of making the
pecuniary demand I have already told you that my
information leaves me little doubt. If it be made
with a view of obtaining, instead of the money, the
provinces of Savoy and Nice, the world will pm-
bably say that it is but a clumsy means of attaining
a renounced object, and no one will be deceived by
the circuitous path adopted."

PARIS, WEDNESDAY.

The Emperor, in reply to the speech of the
Cardinal Archbishop of Bordeaux, part of which
alluded to the temporal power of the Pope, thanked
his Eminence for having understood the high mis-
sion of the Emperor, by endeavouring to strengthen
the confidence in his good intentions rather than
spread needless alarms.

The Emperor expressed his hope that a new era
of glory will rise for the Church on the day when
every one will share his conviction that the tem-
poral power of the Pope is not opposed to the
liberty and independence of Italy.
His Majesty further said that the Government
which was the means of restoring the Holy Path( r
to the Pontifical throne, would only give utterance
to such respectful counsels as were dictated by
sincere devotedness to the interests of his Holiness ;
but his Majesty cannot but be alarmed about the
day, which is not far distant, when Rome will be
evacuated by our troops. For Europe will not allow
that the occupation of Rome by the French troops,
which has lasted for 10 years, should be prolonged
indefinitely. When our army shall be withdrawn,
what will it leave behind? Anarchy, terror, or

-
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THE STJN.
WEDNESDAY, OCTOBER 12, 1859.