The Sun.
London, England, 1857-06-05 00:00:00

LONDON, FRIDAY ENENING, J UNE 5, 15b7.

THE FOURTH Off JUNE Al' ETON.

The grand anneal festival, which is become the prin-
cipal holiday at Eton since the digcontinuanoe of " Mon-
tern," was attended this year by his Royal Highness the
Priece of WaL!s and the customary large assemblage of
the nobility and gentry from all Farts of the kingdom.
At 12 o'clock, the. upper school was crowded by the
vi-itors, most of who►n were old Etenians, or having
eons or relations at the college, when the speeches were
delivered in the order as set forth in the following pro-
gramme:—

1. Legge Ajax
2. Routledge Against the Slave Trade.. Pitt..
3. Mott, ma Pothints Lucanns.
4. Hoare, ma. .... ..... Earl of Surrey
5. Jefferson Henry VIII..
6. Cleasby, ma..., .. Wolsey
7. Lc Marchant ex.'Philipp. VI. Cicero.
8. A. Leigh, ma., K.S 1ag0...... t Shakspeare.
9. Stone, K,S Othello.. f
10. Smith, K. S Achilles
11. Willis, K.S Agamemnon...
12. Cornish, K.S Calchas
13. Harvey lmpeachment o.fHastings. Burke.

14. Willis;K.S Adinghausen t Schiller.
15. Puller ma. Ruaenz

16. Gznisli, K.S. Duke of Buckingham Shakspearo
17. Mr. Legge, ma. Geronte.. 1 3/loliere.
18. Mr. Stanley.

At the conclusion of the speeches most of tbo com-
pany were entertained at the lances of the provost, the
head master, and fellows, and others officially connected
wit,h the eortege,lwhere splendid luncheons were pre-
pared for them.
_ _

At s'x o'clock in the evening the company began to
assemble in the Bncas, and at half-past six o'clock his
r-iyal Highness the Prince of Wale arrived,- accom-
nanied by Colonel Seymour, Mr. Gibbs, and Mr. Tarver.
The Prince was received with enthusiastic cheering.
Smn afterwards the bests were manned by their re-
apective crews, who pulled in, beautiful styla to the
"Cobbler," a9d then lift Windsor for Old Surley, -pass-
ing by the Brocas in the following order

UPPER BOATS. -
MONARCII, 10-OAR.
Crew--Baring, captain of the boats ; Hank ey, Trawl],
Wingfield, Bowyer, Whitmore, Hall, Legge, Ainsworth,
Harvey; Smith, coxswain.

AUSTRALIAN FREEHOLD GOLD lIIINECG
COMP4NY.

Yesterday an extraordinary general meeting of
.the shareholders- was held at the London Tavern,
Bishopsgate-street 3 Mr. A. Warrand in the chair.
Mr. PaTLSFORD, the- secretary,. read the report of
the committee, - from. which it appeared that, in
pursuance of the resolution of the shareholders
passed on. the 'l5 th of .June,, 1855, that the affairs
of the mine be wound up, and a return of 6s.
per share he made te) the adventurers, which re-
solution was afterwards confirmed, Mr. Clarke had
asked that all the funds of the company shoUld
be rateably divided- amongst the holders of
shares, and to this the committee of manage-
ment were agrei'able, but from circumstances it was
found impossible. The number of shares on which
6s. per share have besn returned amount to 63,2304.
leaving 19,4651. outstanding. It is therefore sug-
gested that the proceedings in Chancery should be
discontinued, and the funds be paid out of court to
pay the ts. on the shares upon which it has not been
paid, and after payment of the plaintiff's costs, the
balance 10-be divided pro rata. Upon one of the
applications .in the s'iit made to the Vice-Chan-
cellor, it was intimated by his Honour that the sub-
jectof the suit should be settled out of court.

The CHAIRMAN, in irloVinitVe"adop`iO; of the
report, said they were Much indebted to Mr. Clarke
for the manner in which he had come forward to
terminate the law proceedings. He expected they
would have sufficient funds tQ pay the 6s. to those
who had ~not received it, and leave a small surplus
for genVral division after payment of the phintiff's
costs, but there Was always an uncert duty in these
matters, and it might possible that the share-
holders would have to contribute.

A resolution wa' then unanimously passed that
the report be adopted, and that the plaintiff be re-
quested to comply with the terms of the conditions
of settlement as set forth in the report, and that the
meeting expresses its thanks to Mr. Clarke for the
readiness which he has hitherto manifested to see a
just distribution of 'the assets of the company.
The Shareholders present represented about
45,000 out of 60,000 shares.
A vote of thanks to the chairm in terminated the
proceedings.

MR. HODGSKIN O.N CRIME; ITS CAUSE
AND PREVENTION.

• On Wednesday evening a numerous audience as-
sembled in the lower room in Sr. Martin's Hall, to
hear a second lecture on this subject from Mr.
Hodgskin, of the Economist newspaper, whose first
discourse, un ler the title "Don't Create Criminals,"
was recently noticed at some length' ie our columns.
The chair was taken by Dr. CHARLES MACKAY,
who, in introducing the subject, said that they
came as scholars to learn f' one one who had
devoted his study to this subject. It had
been. too much the custom to take a microscopic
view of -he question, and to dissect the individual
criminal, instea 1 of taking what might be terme 1 a
telescopic view of the whole subj et. In this re-
spect he believed we had much to learn from Mr.
Hodgskin.
Mr. Horiesxne, after thanking the chairman for
the handsome terms in which he had spoken of hire,
referred to his former lecture, in which he had
pointed out that the bulk of the crime which tor-
mented us in this country consisted of offences
against property without violence ; that we were
as a nation given to pilfering, not to assassination.
He should, therefore, confine himself to the con-
sideration of the causes of dishonesty. In his first
lecture he had called attention to the influence of
the aristocracy by example as a cause of crime, but
in his anxiety to avoid injustice he had also pointed
out the beirefit of the example of the upper classes
in promoting courtesy and diminishing violence.
He had invited the aristocracy to attend that lec-
ture by numerous circelars, and had fixed the price
of admission to the, general public at a high rate,
that they might the more conveniently attend ;
but they had not responded to that invitation, and
now let them not say he made a one-sited attack
upon them. But whatever they might say, it was
his duty, for the sake of truth, to point out how
their influenee'tended to the increase of dishonesty.
A very general and not very scrupulous desire pre-
vailed just'uove for the attainment of wealth, and
it might at first be thought that this was a causeof
crime. But as the desire of wealth was in itself a
just and honourablo desire, and the spring of many
social advantages, it was difficult to come to this
conclusion. The aristocracy sought to attribute
all wrong to trade ; but if this were so, if trade
made criminals, then as trade was going on in-
creasing and must continue to increase, it would
follow that we must became more and more crimi-
nal. In order to inquiie what was the realecause
of the evil, he must go back to first principles. The
right of life was one that was well defined. Life was
the gift of the Creator, and the source of all other
rights. Without life the: e could be no property.
But the tight of prop rty was not s ) well defined.
Nobody would ask, Whose body ?" or " Whose
lite is this ?" But, wh se het ? Whose coat ?
Whose house l,and whose land ? were frequently
asked, and frequently disputed. Mr. Hodgskin
here went into a somewhat lengthened disquisition
on the property in laud, the laws of which he con-
tended required modification from time to time as
the state of society changed ; instead of being, as
at present in this country, fixed. ' The effect of our
laws was to tie up the laud in few hands, instead of
making it accessible to all. The law-making classes
had made the laws for their own benefit—(hear,
hear)—and they not only claimed the power to dis-
pose of property by law, but endeavoured to mono-
polise that power to themselves. (Hear, hear.)
The representative system was based upon the
principle of serfdom, and the making a pertain
amount of property the qualificatien for the enjoy-
ment of political rights was the very concentration
of rapacity. (Hear, hear.) Oue inevitable conse-
quence of such a system was to intensify the desire
for wealth. A small dimiuntion in the supply of
corn created an unusual desire to obtain it, a desire
which so spread that the price of corn was raised
beyond the proportion necessarily resulting from
the scarcity. Aud so, as there never was enough
wealth for all, the increase of the desire narrowed
the field of possie de gratification. (Hear, hear.)
One of the evils that ten ectriaost to the increase of
crime was unjust taxation. Here Mr. Hodgskin
referred t 3 the corn-laws, the nature and effeA of
which he discuss-A at some length, showing from
statietics that crime was greatly on the increase
during the whole period that they were in opera-
tion, that' it begin to decrease when they were
modified by Sir Robert Peel, and that when they
were entirely abrogated, and a partial return was
made to direct taxation, a stiil further diminution
of crime was the result. He endeavoured to show
that this was because the wealthier classes were un-
justly relieved from taxation, to the detriment of
the mass of the people, by the system of indirect
taxation, and that this was setting an example
which the poor followed in their way; He also
contended that, as Mr. Roebuck had said on a late
occasion, the purpose of *taxation being to protect
the lives and properties, Of the. people, every ,
penny taken from the public exchequer'
for any other purpose was a robbery on the people.
The upper classes did not commit offences against
the law. Why should they? They could gratify
their desire for wealth by making the law to suit
them ; and when the lower classes saw them plun-
dering by legal means, it was no wonder they
should adopt illegal means of doing the same thing.
Mr. Hodgskin, also contended that the present
system prevented the poor from obtaining a living
easily ; and argued that if it was true, as had been
recently alleged, that any criminal could be re-
formed by givertg.him the means of getting a living
easily, d fortiori the man who was-honest might be
kept so by the same means,
Mr. Hodgskin was heard throughout with atten-
tion, and was frequently and enthusiastically ap-
plauded. The proceedings terminated with a vote
of thanks to the lecturer.

THE FALL OF HOUSES IN TOTTENHAM-COURT-ROAD.—
Yesterday the inquest by Mr. Brent respecting the six
persons who lost their lives by the falling of houses in
Tottenham-c mit road was concluded. The jury retired
to consider their verdict at 20 minutes to 4 o'clock, and
remained in deliberation till neatly 7. 15 of the 16
jurors then agreed to the following verdict That the
deaths of Frederick Bury, Anne Driscoll, John Garnett,
Richard Turner, James Revil, and Joseph Taylor were
caused by the falling of th 4 houses Nos. 140, 147, and
148, Tottenham-court-road ; that cutting the holes in
the wad. of 147 and 143 was the immediate cause of the
accident, the party wall of 140 and 147 being very indif-
ferent, requiring mere than ordinary caution, which in
this case was not observed ; that the cutting away the
party wall between 147 and 148 was done iu an unskil•
ful and improper manner ; that the jury cannot separate
without exoressing their strong condemnation of the
present conflicting state of the law as to the district and
police surveyors, whose duties appear to be quite inde-
pendent, and even antagonistic ; and the jury sincerely
hope that an immediate alteration will be made in the
Building Act, as at present constituted." A considerable
sum has already been received for the sufferers' widows
and fam lies. •

THE ATLANTIC SUBMARINE TELEGRAPH.

Yesterday afternoon the Lord Mayor, aceempa-

flied by a numerous party of the Corporation and
civic officers,paid a -visit to the works of :Messrs.
Glasse and Elliot, where the monster submarine
cable is now! rapidly advancing towards its final
completion. This visit could hardly -be called a
public one, and it certainly was not private, for the
party went iu a corporation state b ,r e; rich enough
kt. flags and gilding to have satisfied th. Queen of
Sheba. lle apprdaching the shore at such a wild,
hotel-legs looking spot, where whitebait was never
heard of, and turtle is unknown, se •ined to create
no small -amount of sensation among the natives
who dwell along the river's banks on slimy riles, in
stranded boats, or long West-country barges. The
visit was an event in their dreary life of flood and
ebb, and they testified their interest accordingly by
lounging to the doors of the various lockers in which
they live, and watching the visitors come on shore.
Itwas a feat worth seeing. Most of the gentlemen
who inspected the, ,works- will agree with U 3 this
morning that Glasse and Elliot's yard is not a plea-
sant place on which to land at low water. The shore
is stony and, a general rule, unsavonry in hot wea-
ther, when till- the abominable flotsam and jetsam
of the dirtiest river in Europe evaporate enough
miasma to poison an alligator. As an initiatory,
process all the visitors had to walk from the'barge
to th-e shore along a narrow plank, and
,this necessi-
tated feats on the part of stout gentlemen which in
a circus would have covered them with immortal
honour. Plank-walking under such circumstances
is always diffi and when the performaece has
to be goner through by a portly functionary in. full
Court dress and cocked bat, anxious td preserve his
dignity, -yet afraid of losing his balance, the result
has no medium, but is at once either sublime or
ridiculous. Duringyesterday's visit there was a little
of both extremes, and successive effot is gave rise to
much amusement among the patty, as each
walked ashore, with more or less of peril from the
mud and water. Theywere conducted over the works
by Mr. Glasse, and the- various processes which
the cable undergoes in the course of its manufacture
were fully pointed- out and explainel. Two small
iron cohorns were also fired by a spark sent through
a short, piece of the cable.
Since our last notice of the progress of this great
undertaking,- with the exception of a short interval
of 40 hours last Monday and Tuesday, the work
has adi'anced incessantly day and night. The
"strand " "closing," and " serving" machines,
which revolve with such astounding rapidity, and
whose noise can be heaid even to the centre-of the
river, have done their work well, and spun an ad-
ditional 509 miles of cable. Nearly 900 miles are
new completed, and at least 1,200 would have been
ready could the wiredrawers have supplied wire as
fast assthe machines consume it. But that, unfor-
tunately, has not been the case, for the daily con-
sumption of fine wire has been greater than all the
wiredrawers of England could furnish, and the
consequence is that less is ready for shipment than
was wished or anticipated, The making of the
two shore ends of the cable is well advanced. Those
portions—namely, for 10 miles from th3Newfound-
land and 15 miles from the Irish shores, are being
manufactured of immense strength, in order t i
resist the action of the waves over rocks, and
danger from vessels, anchors; &e. They are male
of No. 1 wire?, forming a cable of 1 inch in
diameter, and weighing about six tons to the mile.
The size of the wires used in these e ids gradually
diminishes as deep water 'is reached, so that it
tapers down where it joins to the diameter cf the
main portion of the cable.. The-e -No. 1 wires are
welded on to: go. 2, which, in tarn, are joined to
No. 3, and so on, as shallow in
water and liability
to accident are decreased. At these ends the gutta
percha and "sawing" of greased and tarred hemp
ara also made proportionally thicker, to lessen the
chance of accident from compression of the ou`side
spiral iron casing.
The manufacture of the centre portion of the
cable has also been begun. In order to avoid risk
from the first strain at starting, about five or six
miles of the centre will be made of the strongest
steel wire. In place of twisted strands the cable
will here be bound with 18 No. 3 solid wires of
steel, so that this part of the telee riph will, it is
asserted, bear a strain- of 12 tons with safety, or
nearly twice the amount of dead strain that is
likely to come upon it at the first outset.
The preparations for shipping the cable are nearly
finished, and the operation of transferring the pon-
derous coils from the factory to the hold of the
AgaMemnon will commence on- Tuesday or Wed-
nesday next. Workmen from the dockyards are
now engaged in laying down moorings for the
Agarciennon, which will arrive off Glasse and
Elliot's to-morrow (Saturday) morning. No less
than 10 anchors have been fixed to secure her from
motion while this important work is , going for-
ward. From the factory to the side of the ship
10 barges will be moored stem and stern, and along
these the cable will be slowly wound by a 12 horse
power engine.- It will be stowed away in the hold
in one tremendous coil 45 feat in diameter and
nearly 'l2 feat high. No vessel bettor suited than
the Agamemnon for this purpose could be found in
the navy.
There is not the least ground for the reports that
the -United States' frigate Niagara is not to take
the other half of thecable, manufactured by Newall
all at Birkenhead. At first there were some doubts
as t whether it was worth while to mike certain
alterations in the vessel, which were necessary in
order to avoid risk in paying out the coil. But this
questioh has-been definitively decided, and either
last night or this morning the Niagara quitted the
Thames for Portsmouth Dockyard, where some of
her stanchions will be taken out, and her fine ward-
room not a little disfigured to accommodate her
long passenger.- This vessel is undoubtedly not so
well suited for the work as the Agamemnon,- and
on board of her the cable will have to be pied in
two or three coils, fore and att, au arrangement
which would have been better avoided, if it were
possible. Both at Birkenhead and at East Green-
wich the manufacture of the cable at -one end will
be continued, while the other end is being shipped.
In fact, both firms will work -up to the last mo-
ment, in order that in paying out across the At-
lantic a liberal allowance may be made for slack
without fear of situating short. The Susqu3banna
will accompany the Niagara, and We believe the
Leopard goes with the Agamemnon. All the vessels
will rendezvous at Cork harbour, when the final
arrangements will be made as to starting. The
Cyclops is now in the Atlantic taking soundings
along the proposed deep sea route. -
At Messrs. Glasse and Elliot's yard a fine sub-
marine cable is being made for the Norwegian
Government. This is, as far as we are aware, pro-
bably the first electric telegraph which has ever
been used for fishing purposes. During the fish-
ing season the shoals of herrings enter the fiords of
Norway at most unexpected intervals, and at places
where-often not more than one or two fishing boats
are to be found. Before the boats from the sur-
rounding bays and fiords can be summoned to the
spoil the herrings have generally spawned and are
away to sea again. To prevent these repeated dis-
appointments and losses to the fishermen, the Nor-
wegian. Government is about 'to lay a submarine
cable along some 50 miles of the coast most fre-
quented by the shoals, with land stations at short
distances communicating with the fishing villages.
The instant the shoal is seen in the offing, there-
fore (and it can always be known at a distance by
the whales which surround it), a message will be
sent along the coast telling each village the fiord or
bay which it has entered. Alas for the poor her-
rings I What will become of them now that science
enters the deep against them and their enemy lurks
in their watery home ? They may elude whales
and fishing bea!s, defy tides, winds, and waves,
but what can they do against the electric current ?
They will splash heedlessly over the queer-looking
rope on the bottom without thinking that it is tell-
ing their numbers and the way they have taken,
and guiding their pursuers to the destruction of
them all.
A small "sub-mud" cable, to be used in com-
municating with - the workmen to be engaged in
clearing the mouth of the Danube, is also in course
of manufacture at Glasse and Elliot's. It will be
regarded with interest, as the material embodiment
of so many of the Paris protocols.

CRYSTAL PALACE. ONE SHILLING DAY.—Yester-
day, June 4. Admissions on payment, 7,803; ditto, by
season tickets, 581 ; total visitors, 8,334.
THE GREAT EASTERN STEAM-SHlP.—Built to carry
14,000 persons, 22,500 tons burthen, designed by I.
K. Brunel, Esq. Descriptive particulars, from authentic
sources. Illustrated and Sectional Plans, by W.
a. Webb, drawn expressly for this work. NOW
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