The Sun.
London, England, 1861-03-04 00:00:00

LONDON, MONDAY EVENING, MARCH 4, 1861

THB WEATHER.—SUN OFFICE, MARCH 3, 1861.
THEEMOXRTER, IN TYR BRADY,
50—highest since noon yesterday.
44 —lowest this morning and during the night.
51—this day at noon.
BAROMETER-29.62 ; a sudden fall.
WlND—Westerly—blowing a gale, with heavy squalls.
It was very stormy in the night.

MARCH 4.
THERMOMETER, IN THE SHADY.
53—highest since noon yesterday.
37—lowest this morning and during the night.
44—this day at noon.
Benomrrnn-30.08 ; a sudden rise.
WlND—North-Westerly fresh ; with fine sunshiny
weather. The weather has been very boisterous for the
last two days.

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Tft E SUN.
LONDON, MONDAY, MARCH 4, 1861.

It may yet prove that this recent emeute has
been nothing less than the spark to light the long
expected European conflagration. The whole
continent of Europe, or at any rate, a very con-
siderable portion of it, has long been known, nay,
even felt to be but one vast Mass of combustibles.
Hungary, Poland, Italy, Schleswig-Holstein, Mol.
do-Wallachia, Turkey, Denmark, Austria, any
one of these points we have long been conscious
might at any moment, under any chance combin-
ation of circumstances, burst into a flame. Separ-
ately or collectively, they might be a blaze at any
instant of time—involving contiguous states in war
either in rapid sequence or simultaneously. A life
and death struggle has for years past been visibly
impending over the Viennese Government. The
sick man at Constantinople has not been less visibly,
or during any briefer interval, lying extended upon
his death bed at Constantinople. It is not without
such contingency of a general war constantly be-
fore him, that the most daring and the least
scrupulous ruler of this age has been syste-
matically multiplying his forces, both by
land and by sea, through all this lengthened
period of seemingly permanent but really hollow
tranquillity ! Multiplying those originally ample
and enormous forces of his so sedulously, in spite of
his wily axiom l'Empire c'est la paix, that the army
now constantly ready at. his command numbers in
all not less than 600,000 of the most disciplined
troops in the world! While the navy—built in
those dockyards and equipped from those arsenals
which are ever ringing through the bland refrain
of " Peace," ever ringing louder and louder
with the busy note of preparation—while the
imperial navy of France, we say, under the reign
of NAPOLEON 111. has already obtained an emi-
nence in every respect, except that derivable from
the actual prestige of victory, second only to that
of Fugland ! It is not, we repeat, without al Eye
to the Future that France long notorious as the
most aggressive of all the nations of the
earth, has been thus carefully husbanding
her strength, and arming, arming, arming
as though the confederated powers of Europe were
again mustering their forces along her frontiers,
as though she were again threatened with invasion
by another Brunswick Manifesto, and as though
DANTON and his brother revolutionists were again
summoning the Gallic soldiery to rise for another
and, if possible, deadlier war of extermination. It
is not yesterday that these and other probable
sources of, or excuses for,' a collision have
been recognised and appreciated by the more
intelligent and dispassionate throng of Europeans
watching the progress of events in the character
purely and simply of spectators. The unification
of Italy the dismemberment of Austria—the dis-
solution of Turkey—the settlement at last of one
little problematic difficulty after another, either
wholly apart from, or indirectly connected with,
these graver questions of European polity, the
difficulty, we will repeat, here of Schleswig and
Holstein, there of 'Moldavia and Wallachia—any one
of these things or all of them together might, En glan d
at least has long felt, at any moment plunge all the
States of Europe into war, and cover with the
appalling devastations of battle the whole length
and breadth of the most civilized of the four
continents.

It may absolutely be, we repeat, that the inci-
dent which has transpired within the last few days
at Warsaw may prove to have been the kindling of
the first spark of the conflagration. Under date

" Warsaw, 27th February," there was that telegram
flashed on Saturday to St. Petersburgh—" Riotous
assemblages are forming in several streets. The
troops have been pelted with stones and replied by
firing on the people, killing six and wounding a
similar number." An ; incident that, the very
counterpart of that collision between the
troops and the people in another February
not of 1861 but of 1848 —at Paris,
immediately opposite to the Hotel of the Minister
for Foreign Affairs! It is certainly added in a de-
spatch of one day latter, namely, in the telegram
dated " Warsaw, 28th February" that " Order has
been re-established," and that " In the event of
fresh disturbances taking place a state of siege will
be proclaimed." But—recollecting the source from
which those tidings emanate, remembering that they
come to us via St. Petersburg, it must be
obvious that they mean just anything or
—just nothing ! From Warsaw, as recently as
Friday, comes the intimation that " The town pre-
sents a most gloomy aspect," and that " everybody is
wearing m ourn in g." From Warsaw, on Saturday,
comes the still later and more ominous announce-
ment that ." the solemn funeral of those who
fell in the recent disturbances had taken place, and
that a committee of public safety, composed of
citizens, had been formed,"a proclamationlrequesting
the preservation of order having been promptly
issued to the population. Another proclamation,
also of a tranquilising character has been simulta-
neously addressed to the people by the Imperial
Governor, Prince GORTSCHAKOFF. An address to
the CZAR has been drawn up meanwhile, and
signed by great masses of the citizens—this address
appealing to the EMPEROR at one part in the
manner and words here subjoined ;—" The late
events have not been caused by one portion of the
people alone, but are the deepest and most unani-
mous expressions of the unsatisfied wants of the
country, and the result of many years of suffering.
The want of legal organs compels us to make sacri-
fices in order to obtain a hearing. In the soul of
every one of us there lives a strong and unalterable
national sentiment. The country will never attain
its development if the principles of nationality
do not meet with valid recognition. The coun-
try appeals to the EMPEROR'S love of justice."
How the event may end, it would be difficult at
this moment to conjecture, particularly now when
the whole political atmosphere is charged with
electricity. There, at any rate, at Warsaw, has
been visible for an instant the lightning flash of a
momentary insurrection. We cannot wait now and
hearken whether or not (according to the law of
storms in Nature, as defined by the young poet,
now Secretary to the University of Edinburgh)
there may follow " the applauding thunder at its
heels." Certain it is that Europe is now prepared
for the sound of the great warlike explosion, for
the sight of the vast political conflagration—the
sight and sound for which we have all been so long
expectant.

The modern PONTIUS PILATE is more fortunate
than his predecessor 1800 years ago. After the
Roman had washed his hands he had done his best,
no one afterwards washed them for him. The
French PILATE, however, after washing his hands
himself in M. LAGUERRONIERE'S pamphlet, has a
cousin who could and did perform the operation for
him in the Senate, and with an ability which no
one had supposed to belong to him. Indeed, Prince
NAPOLEON, in the opinion of France, seems
to have washed not only his cousin's hands, but his
whole person, clothes and all.
The speech, of which we had a telegraphic
summary on Saturday, was a very long one. It
lasted four hours and a half, and fills nearly the
whole of the Moniteur. It by no means pleased, it
appears, all the Ministers, and some of them has-
tened off to the Tuileries to set things right ; next
day, however, they were observed to be very obse-
quious to the PRINCE, and the EMPEROR is
reported to have also written to him,
congratulating him on the success of his
speech ;—merely making the slight prudent
reserve, that he might not possibly share all its
opinions, but approved highly the greater part of
the " noble and patriotic ideas" which it contained.
The Speech may therefore be regarded as a fair
indication of all the more important views which
will guide the Imperial policy ; and we may, there-
fore, hope that the EMPEROR has fairly and frankly
accepted at last the " unification of Italy," and deter-
mined to strengthen France on that side by mak-
ing Italy entirely his debtor. That that prudent and
generous people will forgive many unwarrantable
vacillations—one of which has sacrificed, it seems,
at least a thousand lives at Gaeta—and will remem-
ber only the soldier of Magenta and of Solferino,
we have no doubt. And, after the announcement
that the Tiber is to cut off a Papal Rome from a
Royal Rome on the other side, the Italians will
not have much left to ask of the French.
No one wishes to deprive the POPE of
St. Peter's and the Vatican, and should
such be the arrangement, and should he treat his
little municipality decently, he may probably re-
main there in quiet for a long time to come. The
Venetian question is, now, chiefly an Italian one.
France is not seriously to blame there. Louis
NAPOLEON, no doubt, found himself, as he thought,
not strong enough to storm the Quadrangle, but
he has done enough to enable the Italians to
storm it themselves.

For the rest, weEnglishmen cannot be dissatisfied
with the way in which alliance with us is spoken
of. It is one made not with Cabinets merely, but
with a great and generous people, and which en-
ables the- EMPEROR to defend the cause of liberty
and true progress. He refused to compel the Italians
to throw themselves on England alone by a second
expedition to Rome. He bestowed the highest
praises on the Italians ; they had nothing now to
do but to organise their army ; and when the right
moment arrived, by an understanding with France,
again to demand Venice ! Very much like declaring
war v, ith Austria this ; so was the "waiting" of the
Sardinian King. But poor Austria has other work
on hand than resenting these insults.

To-day ABRAHAM LINCOLN will become Presi-
dent of the United States. Never, perhaps, since
the days of WASHINGTON, has England—indeed
we may say the civilised world, regarded with so
deep an interest the entrance of the American
President on his office. The violent and illegal
outbreaks consequent on his election ; the semi-
treason and weakness of BUCHANAN, and his
puerile messages to Congress fanning the flame of
insurrection ; the firm reticence of Mr. LINCOLN,
the lengths to which the Southern States have
gone, all create the interest of a great struggle in
a great and free country, which bystanders
cannot behold without kindled emotion. But
besides that, we, and other countries too,
have great commercial interests at stake in the
United States, and we gaze A ith the feelings of
those who may gain or lose immense sums by a
straggle of which we are spectators, only, perfectly
powerless for good or evil.
All that we have seen yet of Mr. LINCOLN gives
hope that he is, if any one can be so just now, the
iright man in the right place. All accounts
of his personal character are highly favour-

able ; his opponents do not even wish to deny
that he is one of those men who have
made for themselves the position, not of
wealth merely higher capacities do not
frequently go with those for mere money making—
but of respectability for education, intelligence,
energy, and general capacity for business. Since
his election, his very silence is indicative of his
firmness. He is not a man of restless, nervous,
crotchetty mind, who must long have spoken out
his wrath, or blurted out prematurely his panacea
for all the troubles around him. He has been
firmly silent under great provocation to speak. And
now, at the very last, on his journey to Washing-
ton to take the oaths and enter on office, he lets out
the least possible of what be thinks may be done
without ever asserting that even that ought to be
done.

So far as he has indicated his views they com-
bine dignified conciliation with unflinching firm-
ness. He does not seem disposed to meddle with
States which talk of, or which so far as ceremo-
nial acts go, commence secession. Me doubtless
regards all this as informal, illegal, and contrary
to the spirit and letter of the constitution, for he
denies that a district of a great country, because it
is termed a State, has more right to separate itself
from the whole than a county has. He does not,
however, propose to go to war, or to coerce. He
simply denies that for the Federal Govern-
ment to retain the forts which it has
purchased or built in the States is coercion.
He goes further, and hints that even to retake
its own property, to which it has an indefeasible
title, cannot be coercion of the State in which it
happens to be.
This reads like common sense ; and we appre-
hend that ABRAHAM LINCOLN will be found to be
a man of unusually strong common sense. No
crotcheteer, no disciple of the school of subtle diplo-
matists, but a man who sees strongly facts as they
are, and who is prepared to deal with them accord-
ingly. He adheres firmly to the platform of
his party—the chief point being the non-
extension of slavery—but as nothing what-
ever has been done yet to aggrieve any
State or class of persons, he &nominates the
whole 'present excitement an artificial one. It
has no basis of facts, but is, he says, the factitious
work of a small band of active politicians. The
only thing in which we notiee a hesitating tone is,
on the subject of protection to native industry. He
was speaking to Pennsylvanian iron manufacturers,
who to their lasting disgrace retain a heavy pro-
tecting duty against foreign iron. He himself
belongs to a corn producing State, whose interest
of course is to sell its corn for foreign manufac-
turers. We confess we were sorry to observe the
attempts of a man, who, it seemed to us, knew
better, to make "protection to native industry,"
square with the interest of the great body of
consumers. At this very moment Congress, partly
in selfishness, partly in pure ignorance of higher
commercial principles, is—passing a bill to raise
the tariff against foreign nations yet higher ; a
madder thing, just now, the North could not do.

But while the real President of the States is taking
the oaths at Washington, a mock President is show-
ing off in far grander style, judged by the theatrical
standard, in the South ; he is receiving all sorts of
extravagant honours, as the President of six slave
States already banded together on the noble principle
of slavery, and according to all accounts this King
of Slaves and Slaveholders is a man of unscrupu-
lous political zeal. He is a devoted partisan, and
as all his honours will depend on reigning in a
Hell of Slave States rather than serving in a Heaven
of Free ones, he will doubtless do his best to make
his social and political Pandemonium a power.
The last accounts were of—one President moving
onward amid Northern acclamations to Washington,
another amid Southern plaudits to Montgomery I
but one was elected by a majority of two to one,
the whole thirty-six States voting—the other by
perhaps a unanimous vote, but that only of the odd
six States, and those States with but few voters.
We shall probably soon begin to see some little
indications of the way in which things will termi-
nate; at present all we know is that America has
its " great and little Horn," and that.the little Horn
speaks many blasphemous things against human
liberty, and union with those who love it. We
must leave it to Dr. CUMMING to interpret the
future from this.

The Queen and Prince Consort, accompanied by
the Princess Alice and the other members of the royal
family, will, according to present arrangements, leave
Osborne on Friday next on their return to Buckingham
Palace.

Her Royal Highness the Duchess of Cambridge
entertained a select party at dinner on Saturday last, at
St. James's Palace. A small circle assembled after dinner.
The Duke and Duchess of Manchester have been
entertaining at Kimbolton Castle, during the past week,
the Earl and Countess of Tankerville, the Earl of Sand-
wich, Viscountess Sydney, Mr. and Mrs. Dawkins, &c.

PRINCE NAPOLEON'S SPEECH.—I have just heard
that the Emperor wrote this day (Saturday) to his cousin,
Prince Napoleon, congratulating him very warmly on the
success of his speech yesterday in the Senate. His Majes-
ty said that if he did not share all the opinions expressed in
the Prince's speech, he approved highly the greater part of
" the noble and patriotic ideas" it contained. Immediately
after the debate of yesterday in the Senate two of the
Ministers hastened to the Tuileries with the view of preju-
dicing the Emperor against his cousin's speech. It is not
probable that they succeeded, for they appeared to-day in
the Senate among the most obsequious towards the Prince.
Among those who congratulated the Prince most warmly
were observed MM. de Persigny, Rouher, and Thouvenel
(Ministers of the Interior, Public Works, and Foreign
Affairs). M. Fould was also very complimentary to the
Prince.

The Count de Persigny has authorised the pub-
lication of two new daily papers in Paris. One is to be
called Le Temps, and is to be edited by M. Neptzer, for-
merly of the Presse ; and the second, to be called La
France Liberale, is to be edited by M. Bonnet.

THE FRENCH GOVERNMENT.—The Government
is indefatigable in improving the weapons with which the
French soldiers are armed. A new bayonet has been dis-
tributed to the picked companies of the 334 and 34th Regi
merits of Infantry, who form part of the Ist Corps d'Armee.
This bayonet is intended to replace the sabre-poniard now
carried by the picked companies only, but it is to be ex-
tended to the entire infantry. It is shaped like a straight
triangular sword, deeply hollowed in the middle, with two
grooves and a back underneath. Its handle is of horn,
ornamented with steel. The musket to which this new
bayonet is fitted is rifled, and the barrel is not so long as
those of the rifles now used by infantry soldiers. Compen-
sation, however, is made for that difference by the bayonet,
which is 71 centimetres long, including the handle.

INDIAN CURRENCY.—Mr. Laing is about to com-
mence his Indian career by carrying out the measures
which Mr. Wilson originated. The great questions which
ho will have to investigate are those of the composition of
new taxes, and of currency. With regard to the latter
subject, it is understood that Sir C. Wood will probably
insist on the innoculation of India with the currency evils
of Peel's bill. We cannot imagine a greater boon than
that which would be conferred on our gigantic Eastern de-
pendency by the introduction of a sound paper money sys-
tem. Nothing would tend so largely to develope the im-
mense resources of India. At the same time it would bind
the Indian race to the British Government by the strongest
ties of self-interest. But much of the benefit which would
otherwise accrue to India will be neu'ralised should Mr.
Laing and Sir C. Wood, by making the circulating medium
of India depend on the presence or absence of bullion, in-
troduce the law of panics and monetary crisis. Bullion,
like Shakespeare's Caliban, is a useful servant, but a bad
master. In England we have suffered for thirty years and
upwards from a ridiculous gold law. India is threatened
with an equally pernicious silver law.—Derbyshire Courier.
The police, some time ago, made a decent into
a clandestine gambling house, called the Cercle do la Mo.
deration, at 60, Rue Richer, and the keeper of the place,
one Levy Salomon, was brought to trial before the Train
nal of Correctional Police, but he was acquitted
Against the acquittal an appeal was presented to the Im-
perial Court, and the man was condemned to two months'
imprisonment and 100 f. fine.

Ezi,T NEWS.

REUTER'S TELEGRAMS.

WARSAW, SATURDAY.

The funeral of those killed in the late disturb-
ances gave rise to a great popular manifestation, in
which 100,000 men were assembled.

The troops are confined to their barracks.
A petition to the Emperor is being signed, solicit-
ing the re-establishment of the Polish constitution,
which has been suspended since 1831.

A commit tee of public safety composed of citizens
has been formed, and has issued a proclamation
requesting the maintenance of order.
Governor oortcb akoff, in a proclamation, reminds
the citizens of the justice which Russia Las accorded
to them for 30 years.

The Prince has given tranquillising assurances
to a deputation from an agricultural association.
The chief of the police, Mr. Trepow, having been
wounded, has been replaced by Colonel Denoncal.
The municipality of Warsaw has sent an address
to the Emperor.

NAPLES, MARCH 2.
The bombardment of Civitella del Tronto com-
menced on Thursday last.
On Prince Carignan's visit to Admiral Mundy
he was saluted by the guns of the English fleet.
Italian troops axe expected at Messina.
The generals of the Italian army are examining
the different positions.
General Pergola. has declared to General Cialdini
that the works commenced against the citadel con-
stitute a violation 'of the convention concluded be-
tween himself and Garibaldi, and that he would
bombard the city should they be carried on.
General Cialdini replied that for every inhabitant
of the city who might be killed or wounded by the
bombardment he would order an officer of the gar-
rison of the citadel to be shot.

He has also notified to General Fergola that he
does not consider him as a general, but as a rebel
against King Victor Emmanuel.

WARSAW, SUNDAY.
The address of the citizens of Warsaw to the
Emperor says :
" The late events have not been caused by one
portion of the people alone, but are the deepest
and most unanimous expression of the unsatisfied
wants of the country, and the result of many years
of suffering.
" The want of legal organs compels us to make
sacrifices in order to obtain a hearing.
" In the soul of every one of us there lives a
strong and unalterable national sentiment.
" The country will never attain its development
if the principles of nationality do not meet with valid
recognition.

" The country appeals to the Emperor's love o:

justice,"

VIENNA, SUNDAY EVENING.

A deputation from Venice, with Count Bembo,
podesta of that city, at their head, is expected here,
to present petitions to the Emperor in the name of
Venice.

ST. PETERSBURG, MARCH 2.

The sittings of the Council of the Empire in
reference to the question of the peasants are ap-
proaching their termination.

It is said that the emansipation of the serfs will
be proclaimed during Lent (0.5.).

THE HAGUE, MARCH 2.

The Minister of the Interior stated to-day that
the ministers have tendered their resignations to the
King, and have respectfully requested his Majesty
to form a ncyr

The King replied that he would consider what
the interests of the country demanded, and in the
meanwhile has provisionitily prorogued the
Chamber.

,BERLIN, SUNDAY.

It is statad that Prussia will not acquiesce in
the French proposal in reference to Syria. It is,
however, expected that the Conference will in a few
days consent to the prolongation of the French
occupation for some months.

THE DANISH QUESTION.
BERLIN, MONDAY.

The Austrian Cabinet bas despatched a note to
Copenhagen, requesting that Denmark should lay
before the Estates of Holstein the budget for
1861.

The note adds, that should: this request not be
complied with, Federal execution would take place
in Holstein.

THE DISTURBANCES AT WARSAW.

A letter from Warsaw, (Tatted 26th February,
addressed to the Journal de Dresde, gives the fol-
lowing details of the events which occurred at the
Polish capital on the previous evening :

" Since the demonstration -which took place on
the 25th November, 1860, on the occasion of the
anniversary of the Polish revolution, and which
was allowed by the authorities, the rumour spread
throughout the country that on the 25th of Feb •
ruary, the anniversary of the battle of Groc how,
a grand demonstration would be made at War-
saw, which, in fact, -was made yes-
terday. It was first proposed to hold a funeral ser-
vice on the field of battle itself, which is at no great
distance from the Praga fambourg ; but it having
been reported that the Russians would cele-
brate a service at the same hour in honour of
their soldiers who fell on that occasion, it was re-
solved to organise instead a grand torchlight pro-
cession to parade the prinoi pal streets of the city.
"For some days previously handbills had been
largely distributed, and even posted up on the walls,
calling upon all citizens to a ssemble on the old mar-
ket-place at halt-past six o'clock. At five o'clock
already, not only the market-place, but all the ad-
jacent streets, were thronged by a large multi-
tude; including many persons of the better class,
and also women.

" The police, which was in force, called upon
the crowd to disperse, but in vain. Insults
were lavished upon it. Circulation, which was
difficult at first, soon became impossible, especially
in the badly-lighted streets, still darker owing to
a fog.

" While the police were thus occupied in the
old market-place the leaders of the demonstration
assembled in the neighbouring church of the Pau-
linians for the funeral service. The church was
not large enough to contain the assemblage, and
the whole street was blocked up by the crowd.
About half-past 7 the procession issued forth from
the church, and advanced through the street on
to the market-place.
" The cortege was headed by a man bearing tl e
Polish flag—a white eagle on a .red ground. He
was followed by a body of young- .men, chiefly stu-
dents of the Academy of Medicine, of the School of
Agriculture, of the Academy of Fia le Arts, and of
the Institution of Nobility, as well as of young men
of the industrial classes, most of them carrying
small flags of the Polish colours, red at id white, and
torches.

"The procession traversed the dense a nd crowded
market-place, singing a hymn, and who. the people
beheld the White Eagle an immense at td terrible
shout of enthusiasm arose, which seemed never to
end.

" It was the intention of the cortege to pass
through the Rue St. Jean, in front of the Royal
Palace, to reach the Cracow faubourg, the finest

and most animated part of the city, and thence be-
fore
the Government Palace, where the Agricul-
tural Society was actually bolding a sitting. In
fact, nearly all the nobility of the country is actu-
ally here to attend the meetings of the Agricultural
Society, which, though only two years in existence,,,
already numbers 4,600 members.
" As the cortege approached the Place St. Jean
a squadron of mounted gendarmes suddenly made
their appearance, and commenced making use of
their sabres. A great tumult ensued; those of the
cortege who were attacked defended themselves for
some time with their flag staffs and torches.

" In about one hour afterwards the whole of the
old market place was clear, the whole garrison was
under arms and occupied all the public squares and
principal streets, which, however, remained crowded
by men during the night."
The above account does not speak of any killed,
but a letter, dated Warsaw, 28th Feb., says :
" The police attempted to stop the manifestation,
and several persons were killed. On the next day
the corpses were carried in procession through the
streets, and displayed in front of the French Con-
sulate to shouts of Justice ! Justice ! Vivo Na-
poleon !' This led to a conflict with the troops, who
on the 28th were consigned to their barracks, and
the maintenance of order e ntrusted to the inhabi-
tants. lam told that order is maintained by the
Agricultural Society, the municipal authorities
having spontaneously placed themselves under its
orders."
Another account says :

" As soon as the multitude beheld the national
flag with the White Eagle, more than 30,000 men,
women, and chilaren knelt and raised a hymn, many
of them shedding tears. They were charged by the
cavalry, eight men were killed and others wounded.
Various arrests have taken place, and loaded cannon
are drawn up in front of the Palace."

(BY ELECTRIC TELEGRAPH.)

PARIS, MONDAY MORNING.

The 111oniteur, in its bulletin, has news from
Warsaw to the 2d inst., announcing that the funeral
of those who fell during the late disturbances had
taken place with the greatest order. The whole
population was present in deep mourning. The
Russian guard presented arms, and the drums were
beaten. The committee, composed of the principal
inhabitants, which had provisionally administered
the affairs of the city, ceased to exercise its functions
the following day. The Polish officials had ten-
dered their resignation in a body. Troops were
arriving.

FRANCE.

PARIS, SUNDAY.

BOURSE, March 2.—The settlement has been
going on to-day under favourable circumstances,
and everything has passed off without any difficul-
ties. Other business continues very limited, but
prices well maintained. Threes, for the account,
are now at 68f 15c. Railway shares also firm.
The following are the last quotations :-
4 Cents ... 98 Credit Fancier 925
Do. end month.... 97 90 Belgian
3 per Cents
Do. end month 6B 20 ; Roman
Bank Shares. .2880 I Austrian 68 25

Credit Mobilier 670 Spanieh Threes.... 48
Do. Account 667 50 Home Debt

RAILWAYS.
Cash. Account.
Orleans 1427 50 .. 1432 75
Northern 965 .. 967 50
New ditto 897 50 .. 895
Lyons and Mediterranean 948 75 .. 950
Geneva 377 50 ..
Southern 527 50 .. 525
Western
Eastern ....
Sardinian
Austrian
Loirbard

THE MAGAZINES.

Blackwood's Magazzne.

There are some pages devoted to the considera-
tion of " The China War of 1860," which merit
perusal. There is a brief narrative, as it is called,
of the momentous proceedings in that Celestial
Empire, which, through suffering, and danger,
and difficulty, at last resulted in so glorious a
success. Familiar as most readers will be with
all the details here mentioned, it is often desirable
to meet with them thus in a connected form. It is
most interesting to nave the pi,BrACI,3 of PVAI+I,
from the arrival of the troops in June till that
proud day in October, when the display of the
ensign from the gate of Pekin announced that
the Tartars had surrendered the command of the
Imperial city. " Yes, we were then masters of
capital of China, at the very end of the map of
the world, at the point which appears to school-
boy minds the limit of the creation." In conclusion,
the following remarks are made :
" The Chinese expedition of 1860 has come to an end. It
will be kindly remembered by all who took part in it for the
good feeling and fellowship which animated all members of
a very well-al pointed force ; and it will be remembered by
the public as a distant, difficult, and complicated operation
brought, under God's blessing, to a successful issue, by a
combination of naval, military, and diplomatic efficiency
and skill, which England has most cordially acknowledged,
and of which she may be justly proud."
" Norman Sinclair" presents some exciting pas-
sages. The tale appears to be approaching a
climax, and the interview with Mr. Beaton is a
very well described scene. Norman shows great
prudence as well as zeal in his very hazardous
undertakings. He is left at the moment of
starting in pursuit of the villains who have caused
such havoc in the homes of many, and his ac-
count of his travelling companions is very enter-
taining. " The Physical Geography of the Sea"
furnishes us with some topics for consideration.
It criticises an American work on the subject, upon
which high praise is bestowed. " Here is a sub-
ject in the abstract hopeless, treated in a manner
that from the opening of the book till its close
never tires. Not only does ho treat of the ani-
mate and inanimate products of the sea, and of the
currents which circulate through its waters and
impart life and action to the uttermost depths, but
to Lieutenant Maury we are indebted for much
information—indeed, for all that mankind possesses
of the crust of the earth beneath the blue waters
of the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans." It is at all
times an agreeable and profitable task to dwell on
a work like this, and it is here treated in a very
suitable manner. A paper is also devoted to
" Lee's History of the Church of Scotland." In
dwelling on the question whether or not it is a
benefit that there should be different ecclesiastical
establishments in England and Scotland, it is
truly said that the " advantages of the diversity
are greater than its drawbacks, inasmuch as Soot-
land has thus retained her independent position
and separate institutions, instead of sinking into a
mere province of England." The period here
under discussion was an eventful one in the his•
tory of nations, and, painful as it is to peruse
many records of religious dissensions, where faults
are so glaringly exhibited on both sides, it is im-
portant to dwell upon them, if we would arrive
at a fair estimate of our enemies. The remarks
here made are very impartial, and may well accord
in the opinions expressed concerning the .ational
Covenant. " In the meantime, we repeat that our
objections to the covenants, and particularly to
the Solemn League and Covenant, ought not wholly
to determine our opinion of the individuals who
originated or adopted them. The name of the
Scottish Covenanters ought never to be mentioned
without honour, though its name may be tar-
nished by dark and disastrous spots. We may
reject some of their opinions, we may condemn or
denounce the arts of some of their number ; but
as a body they deserve our admiration for many
things ; for the high value which they set on
religious truth, on personal piety, and on simpli-
city of worship—for the courage and constancy
with which they asserted their principles, and
their readiness to sacrifice and suffer everything
for conscience sake." In this number the greater
number of articles relates to the consideration of
works—there is one on " Wilson's German Cam-
paign of 1813," and another on "Natural History
Books." There is a paper on " The Indian Civil
Service, its Rise and Fall," which takes rather a
glowing view of affairs at the present juncture.
Also some remarks on " Iron Clad Ships of War
and our Defences." This takes a very sensible
view of that great question, and observes that
" the launch of the first of our future fleet of
fighting ships has been hailed with genuine satis-
faction from one end of Britain to the other." It
is truly said, in considering the question of security
against the foe, that there is but " one real defencb
for this empire—though God forbid we should be
reduced to defensive measures—when an enemy
really assails us, and that defence is to-day what it
was in the days of Elizabeth, of glorious memory
—it is to-day what it was when George
Gaul
the Third
and -William Pitt tamed the pride of t,
and laughed at banded Europe." Further, a
great stress is laid on the importance of having a
defensive flotilla of iron gunboats in support of
Which many valid arguments are urged; And in

conclusion w© meet with the following eloquent
and spirited passage :

" Then, with our volunteer riflemen and our vast fleet of
mezcantile steamers, we should indeed be ready for all
eventualities. A combined action of oar defensive and
offensive fleets would, still more effectually than in great
Di ake's day, sings the King of Spain's board,' by an
assault on Cherbourg or Flushing ; and if, whilst our sea-
fleet was away, another and more formidable armada reached
our narrow seas, directed by one who combines the subtlety
of a Philip with the military genius of a Parma, we should
still be prepared to follow and fight him—let England, Ire-
land; or Scotland be his object—' plucking their feathers,
little by little"—repeating the tactics of those glorious sea-
men who, under Howard, Seymour, Drake, Hawkins, and
Frobisher, leapt I o struggle with the foe on our native ele-
ment, taught Europe a lesson which lasted 200 years, and
boasted with truth that a hostile host, intended for the hu-
miliation of the proud islanders, did not even burn one
sheep-cote in this land.' "