The Sun.
London, England, 1861-04-05 00:00:00

Sovereignty under the chieftainship of the Re
Galantuomo : events, results, world-famous occur-
rences like these account quite simply and compre-
hensibly for the sullen silence and apparent impas-
sibility with which that enigmatic EMPEROR at
the Tuileries has been looking on all this while at
the progress of affairs in Italy—in point of fact,
ever since his interview with the young Kaiser at
Villafranca. Hence GARIBALDI was left absolutely
to shift for himself when he went
across with his little phalanx from Genoa to
Marsala! The very Sovereign for whose advan-
tage that heroic adventurer was imperilling his
life, and far more than his life in his own estima-
tion, the hopes that had so long gladdened it—
VICTOR EMMANUEL himself, for the extension of
whose dominions GARIBALDI was thus audaciously
daring Fortune and tempting his Destiny—the
King of SARDINIA, King of LOMBARDY, King of
ITALY, as he was to be in the hereafter,
was withheld by the same Napoleonian in-
fluences until success was achieved, from any
overt complicity in GARIBALDI'S matchless
enterprize. GARIBALDI, at any rate, thereby
winning for himself the additional and supreme
glory of being able to say with CORIOLANUS,
"Alone I did it !" Hence, likewise, in subjection
to the same influences, the Siege of Gaeta was
prolonged, and prolonged far beyond the
period to which there was any need for
its being extended. NAPOLEON 111., dis-
appointed in his original designs, disgusted at
the manifest impracticability of inducting his
relations into Italy, there to settle them down com-
fortably into a Frenchified Italian Confederation
all this while past—would—and yet would not !
His MAJESTY'S emotions, by the way, must have
been rather peculiar we should imagine all this
while—during those marvellous deeds of daring
done by GARIBALDI and during the consequent
expansion of VICTOR EMMANUEL'S dominion, down-
wards from the southern borders of his new province
of Lombardy, through Tuscany, through Parma,
through Modena, down to the extremest tip of the
toe of that more than Seven Leagued Boot of Italy.
Since Mr. ROEBUCK blurted out that remark
the; other day down at Sheffield, his argument
has been rather ludicrously corroborated
ludicrously, we say, because we cannot induce our-
selves to look upon what we here refer to, seriously
—namely, by the publication of that preposterous
letter from the Prince LUCIEN MURAT to "Dear
Duke" Somebody trying to coax the Nea-
politans over to himself by a grand Muratist
Counter-Revolution ! This wonderful little, by-
the-way-Manifesto has, we are quite aware,
since its appearance, been formally repu-
diated by the French Imperial Government. Of
course, we all know whit that means! It had
fallen a dead letter—or rather in the midst of an
explosion of laughter—and therefore it has been
repudiated. But—supposing it had succeeded ! had
given evidence, sooner or later, of succeeding, of
firing the train and producing eventually the grand
and triumphant explosion of a Muratist counter-
revolution ! Ah !—then we should have had a
quiet reference to " the inexorable logic of events."
What a pity it is that—in the Napoleonian sense—
events are sometimes so illogical and inconsequent.

The Amer,ican newspapers and correspondence,
if they do not materially differ from the telegrams,
give some rather curious views of the working of
things in the two Confederations. Mr. LiNcout's
difficulties appear to be increased by the danger of
division among his own party. There is on the
one hand the large majority of honest Free-soilers,
who will hear of no compromise or half measures.
They elected Mr. LINCOLN to fight to the last the
battle with the Slaveholders, and any sign of
weakness or hesitation on the part of their leader
will quite cool their zeal, and induce them, at the
elections for Congress, to vote for representatives who
would not support anything like a trimming policy.
New Hampshire has just held her election of
members for Congress, the Govprnor and other
officials ; and though the Republicans had a ma-
jority of 3,500, yet this was a reduction from one
of 9,000 at the last election. This was due, it
seems, almost entirely to the rumour that the
Government would probably withdraw its troops
from Fort Sumter ; the news had not spread abroad
much, or it is even thought that the Republicans
would have been beaten. If feeling was so strong
in this quiet old-fashioned little State, we may
expect that it will be difficult indeed to deal with
in the newer, and to use their own phrase, more
" go-a-bead " Northern States.
It is not, however, easy to see how Mr. LINCOLN
can retain Fort Sumter. The seventy defenders
must soon be starved out, if supplies be not sent
them ; and the Carolinians have erected, it appears,
such powerful well-armed batteries on the shores
of the harbour which surround the Island, that the

Fort, strong as it is, could not long hold out

against a general attack; neither could any hostile
force, without heavy loss, march upon the batteries
in order to relieve the Fort. It seems to be quite
certain that if all the army of the United States
were to attack the shore batteries, as must now
be done to accomplish anything effectual, it would
be not half large enough for the purpose. Mr.
LINCOLN'S most Republican supporters will there-
fore be unreasonable indeed if they quarrel with
him. The BUCHANAN conspiracy, going on for a
long time while he was a mere powerless President
elect, has placed him in his present situation ; and,
mortifying as it must be to see the brave Major
ANDERSON and his brave little band so deserted,
the blame rests with BUCHANAN and his Cabinet,
wholely and solely. Even on this side the water
we can be sure of that ; and, cordially sympa-
thising with the position of the brave men in Fort
Sumter, we can hardly wish Mr. LINCOLN to
be guilty of what must be useless bloodshed in
a vain attempt to relieve it. To feed,
however, the discontent of the ardent Republicans,
there appear to be also a host, numbered by thou-
sands, of disappointed aspirants to office. The
well-known and corrupt system of the States
being to turn all the servants of the State, down
to the village post-master, out of office, when a
new President has been elected by the party
opposed to that which gave them their appoint-
ments, Mr. LINCOLN, has, it is therefore to be
feared, much difficulty before him in keeping his
own party together.
He will have difficulty, also, in all probability,
of a serious character, in regard to finances.
Hitherto, with the exception of land-sales, almost
the entire revenue of the Federal Government has
been raised by Customs. These must, it would
seem, produce but little as things now stand.
The unsettled state of politics alone acts as a dis-
couragement to trade. Our own exports to the
States were in consequence very much reduced last
year. This year it is likely they will be still
smaller. The new protective tariff of the North
can hardly fail to diminish the importations to a far
greater extent than the advance in duties will
compensate. Besides, in all probability New
Orleans chiefly, and the other Southern ports in
their measure, will attract by their lowered tariff
the consignments which might otherwise have been
made to New York or Boston: Even the tributaries
of the Mississippi may be made Subservient to the
Object of carrying into the North-West States of