The Sun.
London, England, 1861-08-05 00:00:00

;rim SUN, LONDON, MONDAY EVENING, AUGUST 5, 1861.

- ~

grievous discomfiture About that, there appears leave to remain with which they had been indulged.
to be no doubt whatever. According to the At Paris the Swiss mercenaries of a hated despot
SOutherners—(this, of course, however)—the defeat would have not been allowed to remain, ex-
was more than simply "a defeat." It was a rout, cept as corpses beneath the soil ; and if
a sauve qui peut—a panic having sprung up among they chose to insult the Government which was so
the crowd of suttlers huddled together among the forbearing to them they richly deserved to be sent
baggage waggons in the van of the Federal army back to their proper homes. Republican hirelings
—this panic affecting the soldiers themselves by a of despots deserved assuredly to be shot without
sort of contagion—the whole confused mass of the ceremony ; they, therefore, had nothing fairly to
Northern army flying thereupon in utter disorder in complain of.
the direction of Washington. All this intelligence As to the assertions of the all-believing Knight
—we say again—coming to us (thus highly respecting the attachment of the Neapolitans to
coloured and strongly flavoured) from the vic- slavery under the BOURBON, and then groaning
tors of the 21st ult —from the elated Confederates. under constitutional freedom, superintended by the
It is impossible not to recognise at a glance, how- King of ITALY, there was certainly one great, one
ever, how extravagantly the accounts thus given to never-denied fact, which settled that question.
us are exaggerated. The conquest of the *hole country by the
Look at the mere facts as they come to our little band which landed in Sicily ; the man-
knowledge in the very telegrams ! Defeated at ner in which it was received as fast as
Manassas, and compelled to withdraw before the it could reach city after city ; the entrance
overwhelming masses of the Southern army under accorded to GARIBALDI and his suite, while his own
General BEAUREGARD, reinforced as that army had soldiers were distant, and those of the KING alone
been by the arrival of 25,000 fresh troops under in the city—the whole enterprise, in fact, of GARI-
General JOHNSTONE—We learn from the tele- BALDI was notorious evidence that the leople hated
grams that General M‘DowELL endeavoured to their Government, and had in heart already banished
rally his discomfitted forces—where ? At their King. It were far more plausible to assert
Centerville and at Fairfax Court House ! that WILLIAM 111. conquered England than that
Vainly it is true—still according to the te- GARIBALDI conquered the Two Sicilies. He beat,
legrams. But th© very next intimation is indeed, those desperadoes of the KING'S 100,000
that the road between Centreville and Alexandria soldiers who remained faithful to the man who had
was littered over with the dying, and the wounded, paid them ; but he conquered them through the
and those who had dropped by the way from utter cordial, the enthusiastic aid of the people.
exhaustion. The very next account being to the Sir G. BOWYER'S patriots Lord PALMER-
effect that the Confederates pursued the defeated STON described in their true character.
Northerns as far as FAIRFAX ! Now, Fairfax is He acknowledged that they were not brigands, be
but one-third of the distance from Centreville to cause so much worse than brigands. Brigands mur-
Alexandria—it is scarcely half the distance from der only incidentally. Their object and endeavour
Manassas to Alexandria. Alexandria being is to get money by their captures. They want to
about the same distance from Washington subsist only by plunder, and prefer a ransom for
that—Fairfax is from Alexandria. And cer- their captives. Sir G. BOWYER'S favourites seek
tainly if the defeat experienced by M‘DowELL nothing so much as vengeance. They plunder, in-
was really and truly so complete and so ir- deed, even more than brigands, but their chief ob-
retrievable in itself as it is said to have ject is to murder, torture, burn alive, and perpetrate

been in some of these exaggerated descriptions of
it—that the Confederates should have stopped short
at Fairfax, that they should have gone no further in
pursuit than Fairfax, that they should have ventured
no more than one-third of the way from Centreville
on the road to Alexandria, does appear to us
upon the face of it—rather unaccountable ! More
particularly when we learn that " the whole of the
Federal artillery of rifled cannon and the Rhode
Island Battery, with large quantities of arms,
stores, and small arms, were captured by the Con-
federates." But, we also learn that, instead of
flying, routed and pell-mell, upon the capital, the
Federal army had fallen back on Alexandria. They
are still there on the Virginian soil: and they have
the satisfaction of knowing that the defences around
Washington have been reinforced so considerably
that they are described as already strong enough
to resist any attack from the Confederates ! Nor can
this be wondered at under the circumstances. The
repulse suffered by the Northern army at the Battle
of Manassas—a repulse so serious and undoubted
that it led, as we have seen, to a,hasty retreat, first
of all to Centreville aid afterwards to Fairfax, com-
pelling the whole Federal army in fact to fall back
eventually as far as Alexandria—this unquestion-
able discomfiture, we say, of the Northerns by Presi-
dent DAVIS upon the foughten field of Manassas,
so far from auguring the rapid close in an unex-
pected manner of this terrible civil war in America,
really and truly in effect only at last just inau-
gurates it. The intelligence of the defeat of the
Federal army at Manassas, we learn, has created a
profound sensation throughout the Northern States.
Of course it has. And already we know with what

every atrocity on those who had been guilty of pre-
ferring constitutional freedom, such as enables
Sir G. BoWYER to defend the most atrocious Nil
lains in his country's Parliament, to the dungeons,
the illegal imprisonments, the police, the long con-
finements without trial, the hangings, the shoot-
ings, and the crucifixions in secret chambers, of the
expelled BourbDns.
Lord PALMERSTON did not hesitate to point to
the source of all the evil—to Rome. We hope he
will not point in vain. It is doubly intolerable that
Italy should be deprived of its capital, and that the
possession of it by the French should make it an
asylum of the most savage murderers. From
Monsignor MERODE'S conduct it seems that even
the General of the protecting Army cannot obtain
decent treatment from the Pope's servants, and it
is gratifying to see how on all hands the hope is
expressed that the French Emperor will take the
hint. After all that can be said for protecting the
Chief Bishop of Roman Catholics against his own
subjects, and compelling them to bear the
galling load of his temporal government, it
seems intolerable that the man who must have
Savoy and Nice to rectify the natural boundaries
of France, should continue to withheld from Italians
the natural capital of Italy. One thing only we
should be glad to hear from Lord PALMERSTON—
an application to Hungary of the principles he so
freely acts on in regard to Italy. It is too bad that
England, by its Ministers, should appear to be a
party to the fraud and violence of Austria in Hun-
gary. By justice to Italy we have gained a Euro-
pean name ; we ought not to lose it by failure of
justice to Hungary.

significant results. Already we know that the
defences around the capital:have been increased so

considerably as to set at defiance any assault from

the side of the Confederates—that reinforcements

from all parts of the country have been telegraphed

for from Washington—that 80,000 fresh troops

" since the defeat of Manassas" have been placed

at the command of the Federal Government !
There cannot be a doubt of it, but that the
mere fact of this defeat of the Northerns at Manas-

sas upon the occasion of their first serious encounter

with the forces of the Confederates, will kindle

with greater fury than ever the dreadful flame o

civil war in the opposing states ! The Southerners

being heartened on by the First Victory—the
Northerners being more resolved than ever to buckle
to in earnest for the encounter, if merely to wipe
out the recollection of their sudden repulse from
Manassas to Alexandria.

Sir G. BOWYER gained little by his questioning
Lord PALMERSTON, on Friday night, unless he
conceives it a gain to display on every possible
occasion a monomaniacal prejudice, which blinds
him to facts that all England knows as well as all
Italy. It required, indeed, no ordinary courage to
attempt to vindicate the hirelings of FRANCIS II
and Cardinal ANTONELLI ; who, aided by thn name
of the former, and by money and arms fur-
nished from the Holy Roman Treasury and Arsenal
by the latter, have of late disturbed the south of
Italy. We have Mr. BOWYER'S authority for it,
that these men are not brigands, but the popu-
lation of the country, retaining their loyalty to
their beloved monarch. They hated the Piedmon-
tese, and longed for the restoration of the blessings
of a Bourbon reign ; the plebiscite NN as a farce, as the
voting was carried on by force ; and the Pied-
montese troops were at once hated by the
people, and obliged to be confined in fortresses, and
yet were dreaded by those who so shut them up !
No one would apply the ungentlemanly word to
Sir G. BowYER. He merely" says the thing which
is not" with the same undoubted faith as he would
assert the doctrine of the Immaculate Conception,
or the liquefaction of the blood of ST. JANUARIUS,
or the safe acconehement of the female Bourbon at
Madrid through the presence of the arm of ST.
JOHN the BAPTIST in her oratory. Sir G. BOWYER
is simply a man of the largest faith in all which
belongs to Rome, or flows from Rome, or incident-
ally belongs to Rome—he is what we profane be-
lievers in common worldly sources of information
should be too apt to term a credulous man. He
can at pleasure believe all the evidence of aid from
Rome to these Neapolitan villains, the refuge they
find when hard pressed in the POPE'S little
uttsleittser
hisr
i -
tories, to be mere fables ; or, if it better
and
patriots, that these wretches were saintssad
patriots, and that Rome honoured herself
in giving them bayonets and daggers, bul-
lets and pistols ; and giving them shelter, too,
when they fled to her for it, laden with the spoil of
the Philistines who dared to eject the LORD'S
anointed from the country he misgoverned.
Lord PALMERSTON probably thought he might
not have another opportunity before Parliament
breaks up to tell Europe his mind, and ho must
have been much obliged to Sir GEORGE for giving
him an occasion of making such an avowal for the
recess ; indeed, his foreign policy has been his
best " cry" in his own country ; the one thing but
for which he would not probably be now in office.
We are happy to see that on this point at least there
is no falling off. He believed that the fact respect-
ing the Swiss troops was that their own Govern-
ment had recalled them, as they were acknowledged
1 by Swiss authorities to have abused grossly the

1.4 124 tr.
NEWS.

THE CIVIL WAR-IN AMERICA.

and can only be, heard with difficulty. I shall tele-
graph no more unless there should be a renewal of
the battle, which has been so gloriously fought for
the old stars and stripes, and from all indications
hero our troops have at least stood their ground.

FAIRFAX COURT HOUSE, 3 50 P.M.

DEFEAT OF THE FEDERAL
ARMY.

Our courier has not yet returned. Quartermaster
Barton, of the Second Regiment of Michigan, has
just passed, and says that the officers, men, and
citizens at Centreville say a general engagement of
the whole line had taken place three and a half
miles this side of Manassas, and that our troops had
driven and forced the Secessionists' lines back to
Manassas. We expect a courier now every moment.

QUEENSTOWN, SUNDAY.

The Royal Mail steamship Canada, from Boston
on the 24th, and Halifax on the 26th, arrived here
at 8.40 p.m., yesterday. She brought 78 passen-
gers. She landed eight passengers and 116 sacks
of mails, and proceeded for Liverpool at 9.15 p.m.
All well.

NEW YORK, JULY 23, MORNING.
The Federal army, under General M`Dowell, has
experienced a disastrous defeat.

Early on the morning of the 21st the whole of the
Federal army advanced on the Confederate batteries
at Bullrun, three miles from Manassas Junction.

CENTREVILLE, 4 P.M.

Great bravery was displayed by the Federal
troops, and after nine hours' fighting they succeeded
in capturing three of the Confederate batteries'
but with heavy loss on both sides. At this time
General Beauregard is reported to have been
reinforced by General Johnstone with 25,000
men. The Confederates then attacked the Union
army, and drove them in disorder from the field.
A panic, from some cause, seized the Federal troops'
and the whole army fled in open disorder towards
Washington. General M'Dowell endeavoured to
rally his troops at Centreville and Fairfax C curt
House, but found it impossible to check their retreat.
The road from Centreville to Alexandria was
strewn with men, wounded or fallen from exhaus-
tion. The Confederates pursued as far as Fairfax.
The whole of the Federal artillery of rifled cannon
and the Rhode Island battery, with large quantities
of arms, stores, and small arms, were captured by
the Confederates.
The Federal loss is estimated at from 500 to
2,000 men. Many colonels and officers of all grades
were killed. The Confederate loss is also stated to
be heavy.
The Confederate army at Manassas Junction is
reported to number 90,000 men. The whole of
the Federal army has fallen back on Alexandria.
The defences round Washington have been rein-
forced, and are stated to be strong enough to resist
any attack by the Confederates. Reinforcements
from all parts of the country have been telegraphed
for from Washington. This repulse has created a
profound sensation.

(LATEST BY TELEGRAPH TO HALIFAX.)

NEW YORK, JULY 25.

Most vigorous preparations are being made by
the Federal Government for a renewal of offensive

operations.
The Government have already accepted 80,000
fresh troops since the defeat at Manassas.
The Federalists report their loss to be less than
1,000 men, while that of the Confederates they
estimate at between 3,000 and 4,000, including a
great number of officers.
General Johnstone is reported to be killed.

General M'Dowell has ordered the reserves now
here, under Colonel Miles, to advance to the bridge
over Ball Run, on the Warrenton road.
FAIRFAT COURT HOUSE, 4 45 P.M.

Two of our couriers have returned, but are unable
to communicate in person with General M‘Dowell.
One of the couriers was on the field of battle; He
says our troops have taken three masked batteries,
and forced the enemy to fall back and retire. He
says the battle was general on Bull Run for some
distance. One of the batteries taken was in a wheat
field, and the other some distance from it, and the
third still further on.

5 20 P.M.—Another despatch says that the Fede-
rals have won the day. The loss on both sides is
heavy, but the route of the rebels is complete. The
batteries on Bull Run are silenced, and two or
three others taken.

COM MERCIAL INTELLIGENCE.
NEW YORK, JULY 25.

Exchange on London—Bankers' bills, 107 t.
Stocks dull. Erie, 24 ; Illinois Central, 63 ; New
York Central, 75i.
Cotton firm. Middling upland, 16c. to 16f c.
Breadstuffs firm. Provisions quiet.

545 P.M.—The firing has ceased. We shall
send another courier there in a few minutes. The
courier went at four o'clock, and will be back soon.
WASHINGTON, July 21.

A most severe battle was fought today at Bull
Run• Bridge. The conflict was desperate, lasting
over nine hours.

DETAILS OF THE BATTLE.
THE FEDERALISTS' EARLY ADVANTAGES.

The programme, as stated in the first despatch
from Fairfax Court House, was carried out, until
the troops met with a succession of masked bat-
teries, which were attacked with vigour and suc-
cess, after a severe loss of life. Our troops advanced
as follow :

WASHINGTON, July 21.

The Federal forces have taken all the batteries at
Bull Run today, and are pressing on to Manassas.
There is terrible loss on both sides. The can-
nonading was heard here. This is from official in-
formation telegraphed to the department.
Hon. C. B. Hoard, member of the last Congress,
is just in, having witnessed four hours of to-day's
battle. He describes it as terrific, and reports an
immense loss of life. The enemy attempted, with
an immense force, to turn our right flank, which
came near being successful, when our large siege
gun—a 32-pounder—opened fire, causing tremend-
ous havoc on the enemy, and routing them. Hoard
was obliged to get out of the way, and left for here
at two p.m. while the fight was progressing.

WASHINGTON, July 21

The last official despatch, dated Fairfax, 5 30
p.m. which says, " A courier just in confirms the
taking of Bull Run, with great loss of life, and
says that Colonel Heintzelman was on the left of
the Junction shelling the intrenchments when the
courier left."

Colonel Richardson, who distinguished himself in
the previous engagement, proceeded on the left with
four regiments of the Fourth Brigade, to hold the
battery on the hill on the Warrenton road in the
vicinity of the place where the last battle was fought.
The flank movements were described in the first
despatch.
Shenck's and Sherman's brigades of Gen. Blair's
division advanced by the Warrenton road, while
Colonels Heintzelman's and Hunter's division took
the fork of the Warrenton road to move between
Bull Run and Manassas Junction.

WASHINGTON, 11 p.m.

Dr. Ray, of the Chicago Tribune, reached here
after eleven o'clock, leaving Bull Run at four p.m.
He says the day's battle " exceeds everything of
the kind in the history of this country." When he
left, our troops were in between Bull Run batteries
and Manassas. One of the New York correspon-
dents is just in. He left the scene of battle at five
p.m. when our columns had been reinforced and
the Union forces were pressing on Manassas. When
this gentleman left we had the Bull Run batteries,
and were fighting at five miles to right in advance
of them. Colonel Hunter was wounded in the face
and has been brought in here.
WASHINGTON, Midnight.

Col. Keye's Brigade remained at Centreville.
Information was received by Gen. Taylor's com-
mand of the existence of the enemy's battery com-
manding the road. Our troops were then formed
in battle array. The Second New York and First
Ohio on the left, and the Second Ohio and Second
Wisconsin, and Seventy-ninth, Thirteenth and Six-
tieth Regiments, of New York, on the right. Col.
Miles's regiment followed in the rear.
The first range-gun was fired by Sherman's bat-
tery at ten minutes to seven.

The rebels did not return his shot until an hour
and a half afterwards. When Colonel Hunter's
Division came up, the battle became general.
Colonel Hunter's movement, to gain the rear of the
enemy, was almost a success. The enemy's position
was opened on by several of Carlisle's howitzers,
followed by slight skirmishing. The rebels rapidly
receivedrein forcem en ts from Man asses Jun ellen after
the attack was opened. The battle consisted of a suc-
cession of fires from masked batteries, which opened
in every direction. When one was silenced, its
place was supplied by two, and in the daring charges
of our infantry in unmasking them, the Second
Ohio and Second New York Militia were marched
by flank through the woods by a new-made road
within a mile of the main road, when they came on a
battery of eight guns, with four regiments flanked
in the rear. Our men were immediately ordered to
lie down on either side of the road, in order to allow
two pieces of artillery to pass through and attack
the work, when this battery opened upon us, and
killed on the third round Lieutenant Dempsey, of
Company G, New York, and William Maxwell, a
drummer, and seriously wounding several others.
Our troops were kept for 15 or 20 minutes under-
a galling fire, they not being able to exchange shots
with the enemy, although within a stone's throw
of their batteries. They succeeded in retiring in
regular order and with their battery.
The most gallant charge of the day was made by
the New York 69th, 79th, and 13th, who rushed
up upon one of the batteries, firing as they pro-
ceeded, with perfect eclat, and attacking it with
the bayonet's point. The yell of triumph seemed
to carry all before it. They found that the enemy
had abandoned the battery and only taken one gun,
but this success was acquired only after a severe
loss of life, in which the 69th most severely suf-
fered, and it was reported Lieutenant-Colonel
Nugent was among the first killed.
The Zouaves also distinguished themselves by
their spirited assaults on the batteries at the point
of the bayonet, but it is feared that their loss, is
immense.

Colonel Hunter's column did all the fighting at
Bull Run for the first hour, and was used up badly.
The Rhode Island and three Connecticut regiments
were in the fight. Colonel Slocum, of the Rhode
Island Second, was killed.
The members and senators who came in, as well
as the civilians, vary in their estimate of the num-
ber killed from three hundred to three thousand.
The facts cannot be ascertained.

Up to the hour of three o'clock p.m. it was
generally understood that we had hemmed in the
enemy entirely, and that they were gradually re-
tiring; that Col. Hunter had driven them back in
rear, that Col. Heintzelman's command was meet-
ing with every success, and that it required but
the reserve of General Tyler's division to push on
to Manassas Junction. From the statements of a
prisoner, it appears that our artillery has created
great havoc among the rebels, of whom there are
from 30,000 to 40,000 in the field under command
of General Beauregard, while they have a reserve
of 75,000 at the Junction.

Tile position of the enemy extended in three
lines in the form of a triangle, the apex fronting

the centre of our column. The area seems to have
been filled with masked batteries. At seven o'clock
this evening guns were still heard firing at short
intervals.

WASHINGTON, July 22, 12.15.

THE NORTHERNERS' ULTIMATE DEFEAT,
WASHINGTON, July 22.

The New York Zouaves charged gallantly three
times with bayonets on the rebels, when their ranks
were broken by a charge of Virginian cavalry.
At seven p.m. couriers returning from Manassas
heard cannonading. .

Troops have been sent from here to reinforce
General M'Dowell, and if we have not possession of
Manassas to-night the fight will be renewed in the
evening. All the civilians who have come in agree
that the rebels have an immense force.

1 30. A. M.

The New York Sixty-ninth Ellsworth Zouaves,
New York Fourteenth, New York Seventy-first,
New York Eighth, and New York Seventy-ninth,
are the regiments which stood the brunt of the
battle in Colonel Hunter's division, and are severely
cut up, _ _ _

WASHINGTON, JULY 21.

After the latest information was received from
Centreville, at half-past seven o'clock last night, a
series of events took place, in the intensest degree
disastrous. Many confused statements are pre-
valent, but enough is known to warrant the state-
ment that we have suffered in a degree which has
cast a gloom over the remnants of the army, and
excited the deepest melancholy throughout Wash-
ington. The carnage is tremendously heavy on
both sides, and on ours it is represented as fright-
ful. We were advancing and taking their masked
batteries gradually but surely, and driving the
enemy towards Manassas Junction, when the enemy
seemed to have been reinforced by General John-
stone, who, it is understood, took command, and im-
mediately commenced driving us back, when a panic
among our troops suddenly occurred, and a regular
stampede took place.

The fullow•ing bulletins were received in official
quarters during the progress of the battle from the
Telegraph Station, about four miles from Bull
Run :

FAIRFAX COURT HOUSE, JULY 21, 11 A.M.
There :s rapid firing from heavy guns, and fre-
quent discharges of musketry.

11 40 A.M.
The fighting is very heavy, and apparently more
on our left 'Whig.

It is thought that General M'Dowell undertook
to make a stand at or about Centreville; but the
panic was so fearful that the whole army became
demoralised, and it was impossible to check them,
either at Centreville or at Fairfax Court House.
General M'Dowell intended to make another
stand at Fairfax Court House ; but, our troops
being in full retreat, could not accomplish the ob-
ject.

11 50 A.M.

There is evidently a battle toward our left, in
the direction of Bull Run and a little north. The
firing is very rapid and heavy.
1 45.—Heavy
guns ar© heard again, and ap-
parently nearer. The musketry is heavy and
nearer.

Beyond Fairfax Court House the retreat was kept
up until the men reached their regular encamp-
ments, a portion of whom returned to them, but a
still larger portion coming inside the intrench-
ments.

2 P.M.—The musketry is very heavy, and draw-
ing much nearer. There is evidently a movement
more to our left.
2 45 P•M.—The firing is a little further off, and
apparently in the direction of the Junction. Less
heavy guns and more light artillery, as near as I
can judge.

A large number of the troops in their retreat fell
on the wayside from exhaustion, and are scattered
along the route all the way from Fairfax Court
House.

The road from Bull Run was strewn with knap-
sacks, arms, &e. Some of our troops deliberately
threw away their guns and appurtenances the bet-
ter to facilitate their movements.

3 P.M.--The firing has ceased ten minutes since.
3 35 P.m.—The firing has almost entirely ceased

The latter part of the army, it is said, made their
retreat in order.

Gen. APDowell was in the rear of the retreat,
exerting himself to rally his men, but only with
partial success. He WAS completely exhausted

having slept but little for three nights. His orders
on the field did not at all times reach those for
whom they were intended.
It is supposed that the force sent out against our
troops consisted, according to a prisoner's statement,
of about 30,000 men, including a large number of
cavarry. He further says, that owing to reinforce-
ments from Richmond, Skansburg, and other points,
the enemy's effective force was 90,000 men.
According to the statement of two Fire Zouaves,
they only have about 200 men left from the slaugh-
ter, while the 69th and other regiments frightfully
suffered in killed and wounded. The number can-
not now be known.

These facts were further confirmed by prisoners
taken, deserters, and spies ; but these facts were not
probably known at Washington, and the officers in
leading our men into action only obeyed orders. it
was the arrival of fresh reinforcements to the enemy
in superior numbers that turned the scale of battle.
The enemy before now might perhaps have more to
boast of if they had followed up their advantage last
night.
WASHINGTON, July 22.
The news of the tremendous revulsion was not
fully confirmed among people at large until to-day,
though the fact was well established at midnight last
night. The course of the government in not allowing
the first despatches of a brilliant victory to be con-
tradicted, was no doubt determined by the best mo-
tives. It is enough to know that we are completely
defeated and routed. The entire army of the Poto-
mac now occupy the same intrenchments opposite
Washington which they did one week ago. The
retreat of the first regiments yesterday was dis-
graceful beyond all description. For ten miles your
special correspondents and others describe the real
as being strewn with everything pertaining to the
advance, or rather retreat, of an army—stores, guns,
blankets, ammunition, &c., are lying in every di-
rection from Centreville.

Sherman's, Carlisle's, Griffin's, and the West
Point batteries were taken by the enemy, and the
eight siege and 32 rifled cannon, the latter being
too cumbrous to remove. They were two miles the
other side of Centreville. Such of the wounded as
were brought to the Centreville hospital were left
there, after having their wounds properly dressed
by Surgeon Frank H. Hamilton.
The panic was so great that the attempt to rally
them to a stand at Centreville was entirely in vain.
If a firm stand ,had been made there our troops
could have been reinforced and much disaster pre-
vented.

It is supposed all the provision trains belonging
to the United States Government were saved.
Same regimental waggons were overturned by ac-
cident, or the wheels came off, and had, therefore,
to be abandoned. Large droves of cattle were saved
by being driven back in the advance of the retreat.
It is supposed here to-day that General Mansfield
will take command of the fortifications on the other
side of the river, which are able, it is said by mili-
tary engineers, to hold out against any force the
enemy may bring against them. Large rifled
cannon and mortars are being rapidly sent over and
mounted.

WASHINGTON, JULY 22•

Pursuant to orders our forces have retreated to
the intrenchments opposite Washington, General
M‘Dowell occupying his old headquarters at Ar-
lington. The city is perfectly safe from attack.
The enemy is not pursuing. There are at least
30,000 troops occupying positions opposite the city.
Some of the remnants of regiments have come
into Washington.
The Hon. Edward Wade, of Ohio, arrived here
at 10 o'clock this morning, leaving Centreville at
daybreak. He says that two divisions of the army
are at Centreville, and that the enemy still retai'
their intrenchments.

An officer just from Virginia (10.30) reports that
the road from Centreville to the Potomac is strewed
with stragglers. The troops are resuming the occu-
pation of the fortifications and entrenchments on
the line of the Potomac.

General Tyler had thrown up intrenchments just
in front of Centreville, and had made a stand there
with fresh troops, but with no prospects of an
attack.

Col. Marston's New Hampshire regiment reached
here this morning. He was wounded. Colonel
Heintzelman was also wounded in the wrist. In
addition to those reported yesterday, it is said that
Col. Wilcox, the gallant commander of a brigade,
was killed ; also Captain M'Cook, a brother of Col.
M'Cook, of Ohio.

HARPER'S FERRY, July 22.

Reliable information at head-quarters states that
the last man of Johnston's force left Winchestf r on
Saturday night en route for Manassas. No Con-
federate troops are now at Martinsbnrgh or Bunker
Hill.

Waggons are continually arriving bringing in the
dead and wounded. Both telegraph and steam-
boat communication with Alexandria is suspended
to-day to the public. The greatest alarm exists
throughout the city, especially among the female
portion of the population.

WASHINGTON, July 22.
It is estimated !that only 20,000 in all of our
troops were engaged in the battle yesterday, and
only 15,000 at any one time, including 600 or 700 of
the Rhode Island Ist and 2d Regiments.
All communications with Alexandria has been
stopped, to prevent the soldiers from crossing over•
The returned 'soldiers are perfectly worn out.
Many of them state that they went to the battle
field after breakfasting. They were all engaged at
the same time, while the rebel strength was sur
plied with fresh forces. The whole battle on the
centre column was within a radius of a mile.
It is believed that the rebels abandoned some of
their batteries for the purpose of decoying the
attacking force to advance to a position, where a
double fire could be directed at them and sweep
their lines.

WASHINGTON, July 22.

Colonel Cameron, of the 79th Regiment, is dead.
Our troops are scattered in confusion, with damaged
artillery, and wounded and half-dead soldiers, from
Centreville to Alexandria. All our artillery is
captured. The brother of Colonel M'Cook, of Ohio,
is killed. Many wounded and dead men are
being brought here, while large numbers are
being brought into Alexandria. A gloom hangs
over Washington which is indescribable.
WASHINGTON, July 22.

The following is an account of the inauguration
of the panic which has resulted so disastrously to
our troops. It receives unusual interest from the
subsequent events :

All our military operations went swimmingly on,
and Colonel Alexander was about erecting a pontoon
across Bull Run. The enemy were seemingly in
retreat, and their batteries being unmasked one after
another, when a terrific consternation broke out
among the teamsters, who had incautiously advanced
immediately after the body of the army, and lined the
Warrenton road. Their consternation was shared in
by numerous civilians who were on the ground,
and for a time it seemed as if our whole army
was in retreat. Many baggage waggons were
emptied and their horses galloped across the open
fields, all the fences of which were torn down to
allow them a more rapid retreat.
For a time a perfect panic prevailed, which com-
municated itself to the vicinity of Centreville, and
every available conveyance was seized upon by
agitated civilians. Wounded soldiers cried on the
road side for assistance, but the alarm was so great
that numbers were passed by.
Several similar alarms occurred on previous occa-
sions, when a change of batteries rendered the
retirement of the artillery on our part necessary,
and it is most probable that the alarm was owing
to the same fact.

In the grand retreat many of the Garibaldiano
acted like savages, firing in every direction. 00
their run to Fairfax, country houses along the road
were invaded and innocent persons maltreated•
They seem to have lost all presence of mind in their
rage over their defeat.

The reserve force at Centreville was immediately
brought up, and marched in double quick step in the
following order :—Col. Einstem's 27th Pennsyl-
vania Regiment, with two guns. The Garibaldi
Guards and Col. Blenker's Ist Rifle Regiment, with
its batteries, followed at several miles distant by
the De Kalb Regiment.
When our courier left, at half-past four o'clock,
it was in the midst of this excitement. Two new
masked batteries had been opened by the rebels
on the )eft flank, and that portion of the division
had its lines broken and demanded immediate re-
inforcement. The right was in good order. The
battery erected on the hillside, directly opposite
the main battery of the enemy, was doing good
execution, and additional guns were being mounted.
On his arrival at Fairfax Court House he was over-
taken by a Government messenger, who reported
that our army was in full retreat towards Centre-
ville. They were followed by less agitated parties,
who stated that the alarm among the teamsters had
communicated itself to the volunteers, and even in
some instances to the regulars, and the lines were
broken, and that a retirement of our forces across
Bull Run was rendered necessary. Ayre's battery
was also reported as lost. Crowds of carriages and
baggage waggons came rushing down the road.
The telegraph office was closed against all pri-
vate business, and in an hour the alarm had been
communicated all along the road to Washington.

WASHINGTON, July 22.
The Rhode Island battery was taken by the
rebels at the bridge across Bull Run, where their
retreat was cut off, Their horses were all killed,
It is reported that the Black Horse Cavalry made
an attack on the rear of the retreating army, when
the latter turned and fired, killing all but six of
the assaulting party.
The following regiments were engaged in the
field :—The Ist, 2d, and 3d Connecticut Regiments.
The first regiments of regulars composed of the 2d,
3d, and Bth companies. Two hundred and fifty
marines. The Bth and 14th New York Militia.
The Ist and 2d Rhode Island. The 71st New York.
The 2d New Hampshire. The sth Massachusetts.
The Ist Minnesota. The Ist Michigan. The 11th
and 38th New York. The 2d, 4th, and sth Maine,
and 2d Vermont Regiment, besides the several
batteries.

An agent of the Associated Press, who left Cen-
treville at 1 o'clock this morning, brings interesting
information in relation to the condition of affairs
at that time and subsequent to the retreat.

It is probable that the number of killed and
wounded is magnified by large numbers who are
missing, probably wandering through the woods.
Two New York regiments have gone over to
Virginia.

It is vaguely reported that General Patterson's
division arrived in the vicinity of Manassas this
morning, and commenced an attack on the rebel
forces. He was within 25 miles of the battle-ground
yesterday, but the exhausted condition of his men
prevented him from coming to the aid of M'Dowell.
It is also reported that 4,000 of our troops have
been sent back towards Fairfax, from the other side
of the river.

It is represented in many quarters that the Ohio
regiments showed the greatest consternation, pro-
bably from want of confidence in their command-
ing officers. It is known that on the day previous
to the battle a large number of them publicly pro-
tested against being led by General Schenck, and
it was only through the importunities of Colonel
INl‘Cook, in whom they placed all confidence, and
other officers, that they were prevented from mak-
ing a more formidable rebellion.
It was known to our troops, at the time of the
battle yesterday, that Johnston's force had formed a'
connection with General Beauregard on the night
of the first acti=
aato. Bthuell (fur Men
cheersittlil' with whin
could distinctly hear the ems .
their Coming into
'Wan assas Junction,
Confederate., hailed
newly-arriving
the
comrades, They knew that the enemy was our
superior in numbers and •
in their own position,

Sherman's Battery, or a greater portion of it, has
returned to the city. Tne reason why the other
batteries were taken is that the horses attached, as
well as the reserve horses, were shot down, conse-
quently the cannon could not be removed.

Soldiers stationed near Bull Cross Roads report
that 500 of the enemy's cavalry have, since yester-
day, been seen within two miles of that place.
The stragglers in this city are being gathered
up and restored to their respective companies. Some
few got into the city after midnight.

The number of killed and wounded is gradually
decreasing. Six hundred Zouaves have returned.

WASHINGTON, July 22.
General M'Clellan has been summoned by the
Government from Western Virginia to repair to
Washington to take command of the army of the
Potomac.

General Rosencrantz takes his place in command
of the army of Western Virginia.
The corps d'armee at Washington is to be in'
stantly reorganised and increased. The orders have
already been given. Offers of regiments already
raised, and being raised, will be accepted with such
rapidity as to ensure that this will be accomplished
in a few days. Large reinforcements from various
districts are already on the way hither, orders
having been telegraphed for them yesterday while
the battle was in progress,

The Government entertains no apprehension Or
the safety of the capital. Preparations not 01?1Y
for the defensive but for the renewal of offensl/e
operations are going on vigorously.
General M'Dowell has returned to his head-Vat'
ters at Arlington Heights. The regiments cool"
prising his army will resume their position. Mc°
of them have already done so.
(Private Despatch.)

_ .
WASHINGTON (Via BALTIMORE), JULY 22,
I have spent eight hours in carefully questioning the
returned soldiers in various parts of the city. Cur losfee,
are far less severe than was at first reputed by seal
civilians and running soldiers. There aria probably 00
300 killed, and perhaps not 200. For example : the 0
Connecticut Regiment, returned, which was reported ill
the morning as badly cut up, lost but a dozen.
The New Haven Greys have all returned unharniedf
yet this regiment was exposed to frequent volleys of cannon
and musketry.

The New York 71st, also reported as used up, suffered
but little, and so of others. Few of the vast number 0f
balls fired by tho rebels took effect. On the contrary, 611
the instances detailed by our men show that the elleva/
suffered severely.

SECESSION ACCOUNT OF TIIE BATTLE.
RICHMOND (via NEW ORLEANS), July 22'
The report of the killed and wounded was so unreliable
last night in statement, owing to the confusion following
the victory at Manassas, I refrained mentioning thsra'
being fearful of giving causeless pain to anxious hearts' ,
General Beauregard is safe. General Beauregard 'e
horse was shot under him, , _

General Johnston commanded the left, where the enemy
made their fiercest attack. General Beauregard commanded
the right. President Davis reached the field at noon, and
took command of the centre. When the left was presW
the severest, the centre engaged a portion of the eneol9B
forces and decided the fortunes of the day. No other re-
liable reports are received, but aro hourly expected.
RICHMOND, VA., July 21, VIA NEW ORLEANS,
July 22.

- -
A fight commenced near Manassas at four o'clock till°
morning, and became general about twelve. It continued
till about seven, when the Federalists retired, leaving 118
in possession of the field. Sherman's battery of light
artillery was taken. It was a terrible battle, with greet
slaughter on both sides. It is impossible to give details to'
night.

Louisvrmx, JULY 22'
A special despatch to the Nashville Union, fr°ll
Manassas 18th, says, that at the fight at Bull Run Geller:
Beauregard commanded in person. The enemy wilsrrr:
pulsed three times, in great confusion and less'
Washington Artillery, of New York, with seven guns
engaged Sherman's 15 guns, and after making the
change position 15 times, silenced and forced them to retire'
quantities of arms were taken. Our loss was trifling'
Major Harrison and two privates were killed ; Captain.
Dulaney, Chittman, and three privates were wounded.

LATEST ACCOUNTS.
NEW YORli, July 23.
The Rise gives the statement of a spectator of
the
battle, to the effect that the single cause of the panic v 709
the charge of a large body of the rebel cavalry among
the teamsters and straggling soldiers, who were in the
rear of our forces between Bull Run and Centreville.
This charge started the notion that our army had bee°
overwhelmed, and that the enemy was driving ill f 111941
farce on our regerves. Immediately the 14011311