The Sun.
London, England, 1859-10-15 00:00:00

INFANTILE MORTALITY AND 6T114
BORN CHILDREN.

Yesterday, at the Maryl.clione Board of Guar-
dians, Mr. C. Beevor in the chair, Dr.Bachhoffner,
i 1 movinp.., the appointment of a committee, of
which he had previously given notice, to inquire
into the present state of infantile mortality, and
the births of illegitimate stillborn children in the
metropolis, ;asked the assistant-overseer if be could
make a return of the cost of the parish ofilleoitimate
children during the past ten years ?
The assistant-overseer replied that he could not,
as there was no record kept of such particular ex-
penditure. The charge, when it could be made,
for a woman's maintenance during her confinement
in the workhouse for a perio of four weeks, was
10s., and 7s. 6d. for the midwife. Dr. Bachhoffner
observed that it was a startling fact that, in the
year 1857, according to the Registrar-General's re-
turn, 1 in every 15 children born were illegitimate,
and in that the number was lin every 9. (Sensa-
tion.) lie had received from the assistant overseer
a return of the illegimate children born in that
caarvlebone) workhouse during the last five years,
which amounted to 821, and he wished now to ob-
tain some idea of the cost incurred.

Dr. RANDALL, senior parochial surgeon, in reply
to Dr. Bachhoffner, saio that he was unable to speat
as to the cost, but it would be interesting for the
board to know, with respect to the question at
issue, that 212 women had been confixed in the
lying-in ward of the workhouse during the
year 1858, and out of this number there were
sixtec n still-born children, making an average
of 7.5 per cent. on the whole. Six of these
still-born infants were the offspring of married wo-
men, making an average of this class of 2.8 per
cent., and 10 were the infants of single women,
making thereby an average of 4.7 per cent.
Dr. BACIIHOFFNER said that the return would
prove very useful to the committee in their re-
searches, and he trusted that much good would
eventually arise -to the country by the investiga-
tion that was going to take place.
The following gentlemen weio then appointed to
form the committee, viz., Sir J. Anson, Mr. Poland,
Mr. Potter, Mr. Taverner, Mr. Little, Dr. Bach-
hoffner, and Mr. C. Bcevor ; and the board, after
the disposal of some ordinary routine business, ad-
journed.

THE LATE CONSPIRACY IN TURKIir

A letter from Constantinople, dated Oct. 5, says:
—" The commission instituted for the purpose of
Inquiring into thr. facts connected with the con-
spiracy, and for the examination of the accused,
has not yet published its report. Neither is the
fate of the prisoners known. Any information the
Go
Government may be disposed to afford the public
will, if accurate, add but little to what is already
known.
Ministers have manifested, unwisely I
think, an inclination to indueo the belief that they
regard the affair as of little moment, and one which
had no extended ramifications. That the plot was
ill-conceived, and still more badly conducted, is
abundantly clear ; on the other hand, it is not to
he denied that the circumstances connected with it
have a certain significance. It is idle for the Go-
vernment journal to speak of the affair as one in
which a few Kurds and Cireassians were alone en:
gaged, and from which no danger was really in-
curred. An examination of the list, which the
Government has itself published, of the principal
conspirators will at once show that the attempt was
confined to no one particular body of men. The
priesthood, if such the corps of the Ulemas may be
termed, and the army, are alike fairly represented
in that list, at the head of which figurers the name
of the best native officer in the Sultan's service.

Hussein Pasha, the military Governer of Janina,
arrived here in custody towards the end of last
week. He has been several times subjected to exa-
mination, and it is said no doubt of his complicity
can be entertained. He first came into notice during
the late war with Russia, in the early part of which
he was a colonel in the army of Arbistan. He it
was who, in command of eight battalions of infan-
try, covered the flight towards Kars of the Turkish
army, after the battle of Indj-dere. During that
flight, for which the efforts of Hussein alone pro-
cured the more dignified name of a retreat, he was
as conspicuous in the rear as the Commander-in-
Chief (Zariff Mustafa Pasha) is said to have been
in advance of the broken and utterly disorganised
troops. For this distinguished service Hussein Bey
was shortly afterwards made, brigadier-general.
During the siege of Kars his honesty, no less than
his courage, placed him in strong contrast with most
of the other superior officers of the Turkish army.
He tv is there taken prisoner by the Russians, and
returned to Constantinople at the eud of the war. In
the disastrous campaign in Montenegro, Hussein

Pasha commanded the Turkish troops, but his repu-
tation appears to have suffered little from defeat. The
misfortunes which there befell the army under his
command are with justice attributed to the Com-
missioners sent by the Porte. These two function-
aries, in whom, of course, their Government reposed
a degree of confidence proportionate to their inca-
pacityand ignorance, were invested with supreme
authority. The opinions and remonstrances of the
General were alike disregarded, and the conse-
quences were such as might have been expected to
ensue. Whatever his guilt, the public will hear of
any very severe visitation of Hussein Paella's of-
fence with regret; for all, Christians and Mussul-
mans alike, know him to be a brave and honest
man; they know, too, that of all the abuses with
which the Turkish Government is chargeable, there
is not one so crying as the administration of the
army; and that to this fact alone his offence is to be
attributed.
The representatives of the Great Powers do not
seem to view the conspiracy with the indifference
which Turkish Ministers would fain assume. De-
termined on taking advantage of the occasion to
express the -wishes of their several Governments
with respect to the carrying out of long promised
reforms, those representatives met and agreed on a
memorandum to bo presented to the Sultan. On
further reflection, however, I believe it was con-
sidered that there were objcetions to this course,
and it was ultimately decided to make a joint re-
presentation to the Grand Vizier, This document
has, I am informed, been delivered to his highness,
accompanied by a message from each of the am-
bassadors and Ministers who signed it. The main
object to which it addresses itself is a radical re-
form of the system of finance, which, in its present
state, goes far to render every other improvement
useless. The importance of this step will be the
best appreciated by those who have had opportu-
nities of observing the manner in which it has been
the custom of Turkish Ministers to play off one
ambassador against another.. Formerly, the fact of
the French ambassador having made a requisition
was in itself sufficient to induce the English am-
bassador to exert his utmost influence to get it
refused ;or vice versa. This, too, the result of
no difference of national interests, but of ample
personal jealousy. The Turks are certainly clever
in th, it generation. They ever looked with dis-
favour on reform, and were content to loiter on the
path, while two of its most renowed champions
were contending for the honour of having driven
them to the goal. Now, however, things are
altered. Until some of those who agreed to
the memorandum in question act in bad faith
towards the of hers, it cannot fail to produce a bene-
ficial effect. Now, at least, we shall see whether it
has really been, as the Turks allege, foreign diplo-
macy that has stood in the way of reform ; or
whellier the interference of the Legations has been
Kierely an excuse in the mouth of the Government.
Affairs in Serv:a wear a very threatening aspect.
The Skouptschina appears to ben mere instrument in
the hands of Prince Milesch: who becomes from day
to day more tyrannical. It is said that all the exist-
ing constitutional guarantees against the exercise of
despotic power have been formally annulled by that
Assembly. Virtually they have been of no avail for
sonic time past. Unless a revolution occurs at once
it will behove the Porte to interfere. What course
the Turkish Government is likely to take I cannot
ascertain. I think Ministers have themselves not
yet decided on their line:of action.
New difficulties are already arising in Monte-
negro. Notwithstanding the fact of the Frontier
Commission having actually recommenced its opera-
tion, a Turkish guard has been attacked, and seve-
ral soldiers were killed by the mountaineers.

STATUE TO GENERAL NEILL.—The inauguration
of the statue in honour of the late Brigadier Neill. took
place on Tuesday, at Ayr. inWellington-square. The figure
is of colossal size, 10 feet high, and stands upon a pedestal
of Dalbeattie granite 12 feet high. The incident chosen by
th . artist is that which occurred at the railway station at
Harraw. General Neill and the Fusiliers were about to'
proceed t) quell the mutiny at Benares. A portion of the
regiment not having arrived when the train was about to
start, the railway official insisted on its proco.ding without
them, but General Neil immediately and on the spot had
him arrested; the soldiers coming up shortly afterwards,
the Fusiliers started for the scene of danger, and, under
their peat commander, speedily restored the disturbed dis-
trict to tranquillity. Among the immense assemblage pre-
sent were the Earl of Eglinton, Viscount Ingestro, Major
Got dor, aide-de-camp to General Neil, and many other
distingu shed persons.
NEW STEAM BATTERY.—The Admiralty have
issued tenders to fur of the leading shipbulding firms for
the coast uction of an iron-cased steam frigate, similar t)
that n w building, at the Thames Iron Works. This au-
noun • nent will b 3 received with satisfacfo t by thcsa who
know wl at is go'ng on across the Channel with reference to
this class cf vessels, to which great impot t n :e is eviden!lf
attached by the authorities. The steam trigatoel astvcinse
Thames Iron Works is rapidly progressing, th 3g el
_h
Leon laid down, and the bulkheads for the WlLeteam ihhipt.pin
partments being considerably advanced. Steam
Chronicle.
on payment, 2; 4
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