The Sun.
London, England, 1861-01-07 00:00:00

HIGH WATER AT LONDON BRIDGE.

will, therefore, be perplexed by many considera-
tions. There is the determination of the North-
West, to which Mr. LINCOLN belongs, not to allow
the Mississippi, their highway to the ocean, to flow
through a foreign country. There will be the
mortgagee interest of wealthy Northern men, in
the responsibility and heavy indebtedness of the
South to the North. There will be the planting
States, mad for negroes from Africa, to lower the
price of their labour. There will be the breeding
States dead against it, and agreeing on this point
with the Federal Government. And there will
soon be, we suspect, certain unpleasant consequences
which will make all sober men bethink themselves.
Already we are told that in Carolina the slaves
have—as we expressed from the beginning our
fear must be the case—heard from the lips of their
own masters, that a northern movement in their
favour is going on. White men have to use every
precaution, to sleep, as it were, or indeed literally,
on their arms, from fear of a midnight insurrection
and murder at any unknown hour ; and the value
of slaves themselves, who is becoming an article
which people think the less they have of it the
better, has gone down fifty per cent. 1 Verily, to
the Seceders secession may be no joke ! As to
the Northern States we cannot think it will ma-
terially injure them. They may, if they like,
calmly look on. Commerce will certainly not
alter her channels at the bidding of South Caro-

If credence is to be attributed to the intelligence
from China, coming to Western Europe, via St.
Petersburg, the Muscovite Ambassador to the Court
of Pekin took no trivial part in those negotiations
between the Tartar and the Anglo-French bellige-
rents, which resulted in the important Treaty of
Peace'signed but a month or two since (at Pekin)
by the respective Plenipotentiaries. Gen. IGNATIEFF,
the diplomatist in question, appears to have acted
promptly, most judiciously, and most effectively
as a mediator between the Allied Envoys and Com-
manders-in-Chief on the one side, and upon the other
the half furious and half frightened remnants of
the scattered Chinese Government. At the head
of this residue of the scared and vanquished Court
and Cabinet of HEIN FUNii, being that potentate's
uterine brother, the Prince of I— solemnly and
formally nominated some little time previously the
principal Imperial commissioner. So suddenly had
the tables been turned between the belligerents,
between the comparatively slight and numerically
insignificant force led onwards by Generals GRANT
and MONTAUBAN, and the almost countless legions
of Tartar horsemen, marshalled under the Prince
Generalissimo SAN -Ko-LIN-BIN---that immediately
prior to the ignominious flight of the Chinese EM-
PEROR to Mantchouria, his Celestial MAJESTY had
issued an exceedingly Diabolical proclamation,
offering a reward of &fty-lan (a sum equivalent, in
Russian currency, to two roubles and thirty copecks)
for the head of every black barbarian—i.e., every
Frenchman—[might it not more probably mean—
every Sower l']—and double that sum (a grim but
notable compliment, this, to us " Britishers !")
namely, 100 lan for the head of every " white bar-
barian"—i.e., every Englishman ! Like one of
those extremely ridiculous potentates, the despots
of a Christmas pantomime, or of an Easter bur-
lesque, the high and mighty HIEN FUNG, Emperor
of the Chinese, had sworn in his wrath that he
would punish the insolence of the outer-barbarians
—inflicting upon them to that end no less a penalty
than that of positive extermination. Yet imme-
diately afterwards, as though that delightful
mime, Mr. BLAND, were acting the tyrant's part
upon that immense stage at the opposite extremity
of this hemisphere amid the shouts of laughter from
European boxes, gallery, and pit—this swaggering,
blustering, awash-buckler of an EMPEROR had
turned tail after a fashion the most ludicrous ima-
ginable, and was " off " into the wilds of Tartaryl
There has certainly been no such ridiculous anti-
climax seen anywhere since the winter of 1847-48,
when the late King of the FRENCH, only a few
hours after bragging that he felt firm in the saddle,
was thrown all of a sudden by that skittish jade,
Gallia, had to pitch himself out of the mud as he
best might, shaved his whiskers off, changed
his wig, put on an old pea-jacket,
and having changed not only his wig but
his name for greater safety, taking that of Mr.
SMITH, scrambled somehow on board a fishing
smack, and crossing the Channel in this melan-
choly plight, lauded (as Mr. SMITH) at Newhaven.
His Imperial Majesty of CHINA has more recently
had to eat humble pie in his turn under circum-
stances of hardly less ludicrous humiliation.
Scarcely had he put the price of 50 lan upon the
head of every Frenchman [or we will again sup-
pose—of every Sewal], and of 100 lan upon
the head of every Englishman in the manner
already here related, when he himself had to
disappear from Pekin at the mere terror of
the approach of the Allied Expedition. And
it was at this juncture, it seems, that
the Russian Ambassador, General IGNATIEFF,
interposed between the belligerents—entering
Pekin with a little escort of fourteen Cossacks imme-
diately prior to the arrival there of the Anglo-French
Plenipotentiaries, bent upon smoothing the way so
far for the settlement of all difficulties by driving a
timely " sense of their situation" into the heads of
the Chinese Chiefs of the Departments. The
manner in which the Muscovite Envoy did this was
certainly characteristic. His Excellency answered
the deputation that appears to have waited upon
him immediately upon his reaching the
Russian Embassy at Pekin—a deputation that
hastened thither, in point of fact, to
implore General IGNATIEFF [in the name,
observe, of the friendship subsisting for two
hundred years between the Russians and the
Chinese ! ] imploring him to save Pekin from
destruction—his Excellency answered this suppli-
cative deputation—How ? It is really worth
noticing the manner in which his Muscovite Excel-
lence acceded to the request of the petitioners, the
request, namely, that he would use his best efforts as
a mediator to mitigate, se far at least as it could in
any way have a chance of being mitigated, the
wrath of the advancing French and English. As
the first, and indeed the all-essential preliminary,
the still surviving prisoners, he told them plainly,
would have to be given up! The Russian General
captured and Ambassador explaining to the Chinese officials
that
r tthosehe pprisoners n having
a fi a
gb been
truce, n apeetu,r wered
whilethe
victims of an act of indignity so monstrous, of a
violation of all the principles of international law
so heinous and nearly unparalleled, that the inci-
dent, unless thus tardily and partially expiated
would necessitate an avenging movement against
China on the part of all Europe, including Hassle
herself, in spite of her two hundred years' triend•
ship and good understanding ! An acceptance of
all the conditions required from the Chinese Go-
England General
vernment by France and

lino.

THIS DAY.—Morning, 10h. 15m.—Afternoon, 10h. 64m.
To-m onno w.- Morning.. 11h. 34m .—A ft ernoon. Oh. Om

THE WEATHER.--SvWoFincz, JAN. 6, 1661.
THERMOMETER, IN THE SHAM
33—highest since noon yesterday.
21—lowest this morning and during the night.
28 —this day at noon.

BAROMETER-30.09.
WIND - North -Westerly—fresh ; with fine sunshiny
weather, and bitterly sharp frost.

JAN. 7.
THERMOMETER, IN THE SHADS.
29—highest since noon yesterday.
22—lowest this morning and during the night.
30—this day at noon.

BAROMETER-30.08.
WlND—W.N.W.—moderate; with hazy weather. There
seems to be a change impending.

A .4),•-•t
.t-r- .1,
• •
•
U--^M;'r?t •
• t-

THE SUN.

.V.•

LONDON, MONDAY, JAN. 7, 1861.

The consequences of Mr. BUCHANAN'S vacillation
are now apparent. South Carolina, so far as the
unanimous vote of her representatives can effect it,
has seceded from the great confederation termed
the United States. She has done boldly and
openly, but in a worse cause, what she attempted
more covertly in 1833, in a better cause, under the
presidency of the vigorous General JACKSON. Then
the unrighteous protectionist tariff of the North,
under which English manufacturers and Carolina
consumers alike suffer, was the object of "nullifica-
tion." Now resentment of the determination of the
North to prevent the extension of Slavery, is the
ground of open secession. Then a Federal ship of
war in the port of Charleston soon compelled the
Carolinians to accept, patiently, a substantial wrong
at the hands of the manufacturing States. Now a
double-tongued PRESIDENT'S message encourages
the South to rebel in support of the iniquitous pur-
pose of making the whole Union a thoroughly Slave
Republic.
The subject of the present quarrel should be
clearly kept in mind. It is not that the Northern
States wish to interfere with Slavery as an insti-
tution in any State which desires its continuance;
it is not that a PRESIDENT has been elected by any
'unconstitutional tampering with the freedom of
election; it is not that the new PRESIDENT is an
abolitionist, whose personal opinions are in favour
of the interference of Congress with the " domestic
institution" in the Slave States themselves—it is
simply that the North is hostile to the extension of
Slave territory, and has elected a PRESIDENT, by a
large majority, in accordance with its views. For
nearly half a century the slaveholders have had it
all their own way, they have gone on extending
their demands, offering compromises, repealing
again their part of the compromise, enacting laws
which converted the Northern States into slave
hunting grounds, proclaiming all the territories
open to Slavery, electing Presidents, and nomi-
nating pro-slavery judges to the highest court of
appeal in the United States—but at last they
encounter one important defeat—a PRESIDENT is
elecred whose distinznishing profession is hostility
to the extension of slavery, end, in their wrath, a
secession is commenced by South Carolina.

We pointed out a few days ago, that the seces-
sion movement in South Carolina is not prompted
by zeal for slavery alone, The Carolinians desire
to regain the commerce which they have lost to the
Northern States, and to see Charleston the New
York of the South. They also desire, with the
planting States, the revival of the African slave-
tra,de; while Virginia and the slave-breeding
States are of course opposed to a traffic
Which would depreciate the value of their
la uman chattels. The secession 4povenaent

IGNATIEFF assured the deputation, vr. as after
this imperatively requisite ; intimating that,
for his own part, he would alone consent
to use his good offices with the chiefs of
the adyncing expedition upon the consent of the
Chinese to and very simple stipulation—namely,

the concession by the Chinese immediately, and
unconditionally, of all the demands made by the
Russian Govern= rnt ! is amusing to note
how Russia has t hus contrived, withont firing
a shot, without sent lin forth a solitary battalion,
without expending Zone single rouble, how she has
thus contrived to edge her way in between the
late belligerents at Pekin, and thus to obtain the
concession of all her d emands under the shadow
of the terror of the Anolo-French expeditioß!

As if we were never to know the worst of game

preserving, we have at last a . renewal of the practice
of seducing to crime, and then: taking the award of
apprehension. It was bad enough, in all conscience,
that the squirearchy around Derby should get their
friends in the Corporation to bolt poachers for
them at the cost of the borough ; but the case of
Lord BATHURST'S game prosecution at the Ciren-
cester Petty Sessions surpasses anything we have
seen in the modern annals of crime. The nearest
case of late is that of the murderer MIILLINS, who
endeavoured to enrich himself by conv:;cting the
innocent men DIMS. He had not, however, tempted
EMMa to crime. Lord BATHURST'S witness was
fetched from a distant part of the country for the

express purpose of making poachers of such persons,
we presume, as Mr. Gamekeeper thought to have

whole affair under the notice of the Secretary of
State, with a view to obtain HALL'S liberation.
The dumbfounded Reverences now refused to con-
vict in this second case, and doubtless wish heartily
that they had not convicted in the first. The
rascal to whom their Reverences had so willingly
listened was glad to escape under protection of the
police, by a side door, to avoid the results of
popular indignation.
But how long are such scenes as these to be pos-
sible in the interest of rural sports—rather abuse
of sports—for squires and lords ? Here are Lord
BATHURST, a head-gamekeeper, a rev. chairman,
and other administrators of justice, all mixed up
with one of the vilest transactions we have re-
corded for a long time. Lord BATHURST may, of
course, be able to clear himself. If he dismiss with
a severe reprimand the head-gamekeeper, who
could be guilty of such foul play, we shall be bound
to believe that he did not wish to entrap men
whom he suspected, into the commission of what
he, and the law of game preservers, makes a crime.
Nothing but some severe and public step like this
can save his reputation. What to say for the rev.
chairman and the other magistrates we know not.
We cannot think that they deserve to remain in
commission of the peace. Who, henceforth, can
rely on their fairness. They can justify what they
did, by the letter of the law, no doubt ; so can every
LEGREE in the cotton planting States of America.
But can they substantiate their discretion and their
equity. They are obviously unfitted to be entrusted
with summary powers. What, moreover, will they
say in defence of their clerk, and, if we understand
the case aright, the magistrates themselves, com-
bining to aid the informer in defrauding her MA-
JESTY'S revenue of the penalties which he had
incurred, and which, as they would fall most
heavily on his wealthier employers, were never
more justly due P It seems to us that, for-
ward as they were to demand six months'
securities from the hardly offending THOMAS HALL,
they ought not to have allowed the witness, whose
name they conspired to conceal, to quit the Court
without giving full security that he would respond
to Mr. BOODLE'S informations. This case, however,
and the Derby one, will soon, we trust, be heard
of in the House of Commons.

some taste that way, and then turning King's
evidence against them.
Lord BATHURST can, we should think, have Tittle
pleasure in his preserves when he sees the accounts
of the disgraceful mode adopted to protect them.
The victim of his Head Gamekeeper's seduction
and accusation is described as a poor simple-look-
ing countryman, in rags, and bordering on starva-
tion. His very appearance was enough to move any
hearts but those of a bench of game-preservers or
their friends. But even this poor starving man was
tempted to shoot at a pheasant—not to shoot it, for
so inexpert a poacher was he, that he tried several
times to shoot it in vain—was tempted to commit
this awful crime by the solicitations of a man who
professed to be more hungry than himself. This
man was admitted by the bench as witness against
the prisoner HALL, and, it seems, he actually called
up poor HALL, to whom he was a stranger, at mid-
night, and under pretence of "being hard up,"
begged him to shoot a pheasant for him ; the man
brought the gun with him, for HALL had none,
and loaded the gun several times for HALL, when
he vainly tried to shoot the pheasant for his
seducer. The poor simple man stated all this,
without contradiction, in his own defence, and
therefore the fact of his shooting at the pheasant
was admitted. But there are degrees in crime,
and if our readers did not read the case in Satur-
day's Sun, what will they suppose was the penalty
inflicted on a poor starved man for shooting at a
pheasant to relieve the wants of a man who had
pleaded poverty greater than his own, and
obviously, now, for the villanous purpose of seduc-
tion P We suppose all would reply—Oh, some
perfectly nominal punishment; a warning, per-
haps, from the Reverend Chairman (for Reverends
are generally on the bench on these occasions), and
a severe, a threatening, lecture to the wretch of
an informer, with an unmistakeable hint or two to
the game preservers who employed him to entrap
others. The sentence, for being seduced to shoot
at a pheasant by a hired informer, to relieve that
informer's alleged necessities—was imprisonment
for three months and to /Ind sureties for six months
afterwards, It was said he had been convicted for
poaching two years ago. We should like to know
all the facts of that conviction. Its connection
with We case certainly did not increase poor
HALL'S guilt, for there was in the latter cases
none to increase.
But the most remarkable fact of Justices' justice
is yet to come. It might have been supposed that
the Reverend conservators of rural morality had
dispensed enough of their magisterial Gospel; but
they actually heard another case against HALL,
supported by the testimony of the same choice wit-
ness, who was again an accomplice, of course a
tempter also, and the provider of HALL, who again
had none, with a gun. This time, instead of listen-
ing to the sermons of the reverend imprisoners of
seduced men, HALL was engaged with the seducer
and witness in shooting rabbits on a Sunday after-
noon! This witness pointed out the rabbit, HALL
shot it, and the witness walked off with the booty in
his pocket !
We have little doubt their Reverences would have
found this another aggravated case of poaching, and
an additional three months' imprisonment and six
months' securities would have been inflicted. But
there was a justice in the court, not indeed hon-
oured with her MAJESTY'S commission, and not
quite blind to everything but vengeance, by fair
means or foul, on every one who touches the sacred
pheasant or rabbit. Mr. WILLIAM BOODLE, an
attorney, let his name be known throughout Eng-
land, startled the magistrates, " who were consult-
ing on the ease"—as if it needed consultation for
any other object than that of punishing the real
criminal—by asking permission to address the
Court, not as an attorney, but as an
Englishman, " and he thought any man with
English feeling must feel indignant at the manner
in which this poor starving wretch had been

THE PRINCE OF WALES AND FREEMASONRY.—It
is rumoured that his Royal Highness the Prince of Wales
will be initiated this year in freemasonry. Owing to the
death of the Marquis of Dalhousie, the titles of the deceased
nobleman (except the marquisate) are now borne by Lord
Panmure, Deputy Grand Master of England. Dover
Chronicle.

trapped into crime. This witness had been brought
from a distant part of the country to tempt this
poor man ; he had basely lent himself to the pur-
pose; he had called the poor fellow out of bed,
begged as a favour that he would go with him,
had himself produced the gun and ammunition,
and was in fact the prime instigator of the offence
with which the prisoner was charged. He (Mr.
BOODLE) had hoped that the system pursued by
JONATHAN WILD, of first making men thieves and
then taking blood-money for their apprehension,
had been extinct in this country since that worthy
was executed. Buthe was sorry to find it was not so.
Mr. BOODLE then asked the witness if he had a
license, and witness said" No." He then asked
him for his address ; but Mr. Bevir, the magistrates'
clerk, told him not to answer the question ! !

THE PRINCE OF WALES.—The name of his Royal
Highness the Prince of Wales has been entered on the
boards of Trinity College, Cambridge, and he will come
into residence in statu pupillari on the 18th instant. The
Prince, in edition to Madingley Hall, which has been pre-
pared for him, and which was inspected in the course of last
week by the Prince Consort, will occupy the royal apart-
ments at his college. The Prince is expected to arrive on
the 15th at Madingley Hall, which is now occupied by his
servants, Lady King having given up possession. A
quantity of furniture arrived from Oxford on Thursday.
The Right Hon. Sydney Herbert, M.P. (says the
Observer), is about to be summoned to the Upper House by
the name, style, and title of Lord Herbert of Lea, in tie
, county of Wilts, in the peerage of the United Kingdom.
The Canada Clu,b entertained the Governor-
General of Canada, on Wednesday last, at the Albion
Tavern. A numerous and distinguished party assembled
to meet his excellency.
Lord Brougham bas passed through Paris en
route for his seat at Cannes, where his lordship intends re-
maining until just before the meeting of parliament.
THE EARL OF YARBOROUGH.—The tenantry and
numberless friends of the Lord Lieutenant will be exceed.
ingly gladdened by the intelligence contained in the follow-
ing letter addressed to a contemporary :—" 17, Arlington-
street, London, Dec. 22, 1860.—Sir,--Noticing in your
paper on the 21st an account of my health which is likely
to convey an erroneous impression to my friends in Lin-
colnshire, I shall feel greatly obliged by your stating in
your next number that my medical advisers consider my
state of health greatly improved. lam thankful to say my
weakness exists only in the imagination of your correspon-
dent.—l remain, sir, yours faithfully, YARBOROIIGH."—
Hull Packet.
ACCIDENT TO LORD RAGLAN.--We regret to state
that Lord Raglan met with a serious accident on Thursday
last, by which he broke an arm. His lordship was sleighing
on the road between Madresfield Court, the seat of Earl
Beauchamp (where he was visiting) and Worcester, and on
arriving at a hill where the ice and snow were thick, he
alighted, with her ladyship and page, and proceeded to
walk down the hill. His lordship was leading the horse,
when he slipped and fell with such violence on his side that
he broke his arm. He was conveyed as speedily as pos..
sible, back to Madresfield Court, where the limb was set,
and he is going on favourably.
ACCIDENT TO THE RIGHT HON. A. BREWSTER.—
We regret to hear that a serious accident has befallen this
eminent lawyer while on a visit to Mr. B. Osborne, M.P.,
Newtownanner, Clonmel. Our informant states that while
shooting a few days ago the contents of the gun passed
through the palm of one of his hands, while the ramrod
seriously injured the fore-arm. It was stated that an emi-
nent surgeon left town on Friday for Newtownanner. We
trust the accident is not of the serious nature that has been
represented to us, and that the hon. gentleman will soon be
in a position to resume his duties at the bar.—Freeman's
Journal.
MR. LOCH AND THE DOVER TOWN COUNCIL.—
At a meeting of the Dover town council on Tuesday last,
the mayor requested the attention of the council to a letter
which he had received from Mr. Loch, who had landed at
Dover the preceding Thursday :—" Fenton's Hotel, St.
James's-street, Dec. 28, 1860. My dear Sir,—You will be
adding a great favour to the honour you and so many gen-
tlemen in Dover have already conferred, if you will receive
yourself, and convey to those who gave rue such a cordial
welcome yesterday, my most sincere and grateful thanks,
which at the time I was unable fully to express. I feel
that the kindness I have personally received arises from the
pleasure felt at the escape of two Englishmen from a bar-
barous enemy. I wish all my companions in captivity had
been spared to meet with similar kindness and sympathy.
It will be cheering to Mr. Parkes, who is still working in
China, to learn with what interest our fate has beenwatched
in this country. Allow me once more to thank you, and to
assure you that the recollection of yesterday will never be
forgotten.—Believe me to be, my dear sir, yoqrs faithfully
obliged, HENRY B. LOCH.—J. Birmingham, Esq., mayor
of Dover."—Dover Chronicle.
Rear-Admiral R. S. Robinson is reported to be
the likely successor to Sir Baldwin Walker as Comptroller
of the Navy, but the matter is not definitively settled.
CAPTAIN'S FULL PAY.—We understand that in
the new arrangements respecting the pay of captains, R.N.,
the third class will be reduced from £450 to £4OO ; and that
the command money will only be granted to sea-going
ships. Flag captains are not to be allowed any command
money whatever, although on the home station and in
harbour ships they are obliged to keep a separate table.—.
United Service Gazette.

COMMITTEE ON IRON-PLATED SHIPS.—A War-
office committee has been appointed to investigate into the
results of experiments upon iron plates. Captain Dal-
rymple Hay, R.N., and two military officers have been
named.

The magistrates' clerk, like their Reverences,

might of course be expected to protect seducers to
poaching, but what are we to think of a bench of
English magistrates who did not themselves de-
mand the name and address of this vile tool of
Lord BATHURST'S Head gamekeeper, before they
gave credit to his evidence. Mr. BOODLE, how-
ever, had the game in his own hands. He told
the court that the man had himself admitted shoot-
ing a hare ; he was present when the hare and the
rabbit were shot, and for each of the acts he was

THE EASTERN QUESTION " SETTLED" ON THE
STAGE.—The great topic of conversation to-day is an in-
cident 'which took place last night at the Theatre du
Cirque Imperial, during the first performance of the
,t Massacres de la Syrie," a melodrama, which, though
produced under another author's name, is well known to
be the work of M. Mocquard, the Emperor's Secretary and
Chef du Cabinet. You may easily form an idea of the
plot—the Druses are represented in the blackest colours,
and the Maronites are the very embodiment of persecuted
innocence; the French army are heroes, avengers, liberators,
&c. There is much expenditure of gunpowder, but the
"glory," " greatness," and " disinterestedness" of
France settle everything satisfactorily by the end of
the fifth act. The authorship of the piece being well
known, and the Emperor having intimated his inten-
tion to " assist" at the first performance, a great number
of diplomatists had taken boxes, and the remainder of the
audience were made up of senators, functionaries, journal-
ists, police spies, and gamins. The Emperor arrived about
8 o'clock, when the first act was over, and was loudly ap-
plauded on his entrance. The four last acts are literally
crammed with allusions to the " beneficent" influence of
France, which invariably brought down the house, all turn-
ing their eyes

able to a penalty of £2O. He then applied for an

information against the informer " for shooting
game withoat a license." The scamp, advised by
the clerk, who never proffered advice to poor HALL,
refused to give his address, but admitted that he
had been brought up from a distant part of the
country for the express purpose of catching men
as ke had caught the prisoner. . An officer of the
Inland Revenue present, backed Mr. BOODLE'S ap-
plication, promising to bring the reatter under
the notice of the Commissioners. Mr. BOODLE
declared again his determination to press for the
penalties, which might either go entirely to Go-
vernment or be given to objects of charity, or laid
Out for the benefit of the victim of the villain's se-
alletion. He also pledged himself to bring the

WRECK OF A SWEDISH BARQUE,---PORTHCAWL,
GLAMORGANSIIIITE, Jan. 3.—Durino..; a gale of wind and
heavy surf on the morning of the .et inst., a Swedish barque,
from Cardiff to St. Kitts-, with coals, went ashore on the
Carflg Sands, off Porttcawl. The lifeboat of the National
Lifeboat Institution at this station immediately proceeded
off to the wreck, ?Ala took from her five men. The cost of
the lifebor,t v.Fas the munificent gift of a Staffordshire lady
to the National Lifeboat Institution, It was brought to
Vorthcawl some months ago.

rflE SUN, LONDON, MONDAY EVENING, JANUARY 1, 1861.