The Sun.
London, England, 1861-02-18 00:00:00

THE SUN, LONDON, MONDAY EVENING, FEBRUARY 18, 186 L
_ _

OYAL NATIONAL LIFEBOAT
INSTITUTION.—The Committee of this Institution
earnestly APPEAL to, the public for PECUNIARY ASSIST-
ANCE to aid them to meet the present heavy demands on
the limited funds of the Society.
THOMAS BARING, Chairman.
THOMAS CHAPMAN, Deputy-Chairman.
14, John-street, Adelphi, Feb., 1861.
Bankers—Messrs. Willis and Co. ; Coutts and Co. ; 'Terries
and Co.

ROYAL INSURANCE COMPANY,
FOR FIRE, LIFE, AND ANNUITIES,
No. 29, Lombard-street, London, E.C. ; and Royal Insurance
Buildings, Liverpool.

CAPITAL-TWO MILLIONS.

FIRE BRANCH.

Notwithstanding the large accessions of business made
annually through a low-, series of years, which obviously in-
crease the difficulty of further advances, yet the Fire Pre-
miums of the year 1859 rise above those of the preceding
year—by a larger sum than has been obtained by the increase
of any single year since the formation of the Company, ex-
cepting the year 1853, disclosing an advance of 50 PER CENT.
IN THREE YEARS.
The following figures exhibit the progress of the whole
Fire Branch, running over the last Ten years :
Total Premium Increa.e*of the year
received. above each preceding one.
1850 £44,02710 0 £9,557 19 8
1852 76,925 4 2 24,251 18 3
1851 128,459 11 4 15.895 7 0
1856 151,733 9 6 21,673 17 7
1858 196,148 2-6 21,092 17 10
1859 22.8,914 7 3 32,166 4 9
Placing the Company. among the very largest offices in the
Kingdom. Indeed, it is believed that there are now only
three offices in existence which equal it in Fire revenue.

LIFE BUSINESS.
The Directors desire to call the especial attention of the
Proprietors of THE LIFE BRANCH of the Establishment.
The ACTUARY'S Report on this subject is accompanied
by an Appendix, illustrated by two coloured Diagrams,
whiehmake plain to the unprofessional eye the mortality ex-
perienced by the "Royal,'' as indicated by curved lines,
which contrast most favourably with the former Averages of
mortality, also displayed on the Diagrams.
The Bonus apportioned to the Assured, with participation,
amounts to £2 per cent. per annum, to be added to the origi
nal sum assured of EVERY PARTICIPATING POLICY
effected previously to the Ist of January, 1858, for each entire
year that it had been in existence since the last appropriation
of Bonus thereon, and is ONE OF THE LARGEST
BONUSES EVER DECLARED. •
The Paid-up and Invested Capital, including Life Funds,
amounts to upwards of £700,000 sterling.
PERCY M. DOVE, Manager and Actuary.
JOHN B. JOHNSTON, Secretary.

CONSUMPTIQN and ASTHMA CURED:
Dr. H. JAMES discovered, while in the East Indies, a
certain CURE for CON SWITION, Asthma, Bronchitis,
Coughs, Colds, and General Debility. The remedy was dis-
covered by him when his only child, a daughter, was given up
to die. His child was cured, and is now alive and well.
Desirous of benefiting his fellow-creatures, he will send post
free, to those who wish it, the recipe, containing full directions
for making and successfully using this remedy, on receipt o
their names with stamped envelope for return postage.—
Address 0. P. Brown, 14, Cecil-street, Strand.

KEATING'S COD LIVER OIL, just imported.
The Pale from Newfoundland, and the Light Brown
from Norway. The supplies of the present season have never
been surpassed, the fish being unusually fine, and the oil
nearly tasteless. Professors Taylor and Thompson, of Guy's
and St. Thomas's Hospitals, have analysed, and pronounced
the Pale Newfoundland Oil the best and most desirable for
invalids of very delicate constitution. The Light Brown
being more economical in price is brought within the reach of
all classes. No higher price need be paid than the follow-
ing:—Light Brown, Is. Bd. per pint, or 3s. per quart. Pale,
is 6d. half-pints, 2s. 6d. pints, 4s. 6d. quarts, or in five-pint
bottles 10s. 6d. imperial measure, at 79, St. Paul's-churchyard,
London.

TEETH-1860—Post free, three stamps. A
TREATISE EXPLAINING Messrs. GABRIEL'S
IMPROVEMENTS in ARTIFICIAL TEETH and
FLEXIBLE CORALITE GUMS, whereby one set will wear
longer than three ordinary ones, and being fitted without
springs, wires, or metals, and without any operation, prove
a valuable desideratum to all who have occasion for the den-
tist's services. None but pure first class materials and
workmanship employed, while the expense is even less than
half the ordinary cost. To be obtained only of Messrs.
Gabriel, dentists to the Prince Dottajana, established 1815,
see diploma, No. 110, Regent-street, W., (next Mechi's) and
33, and 34, Ludgate-hill, City.
" The advantages obtainable by Gabriel's system render it
pre-eminently superior, and the nearest approach to perfec-
tion yet attained."—Observer.
" Gabriel's treatise should be read by all who value health;
their system will save much money and more annoyance."—
Morning Herald.
For obvious reasons it is necessary particularly to note the
name, and that the entrance to the city establishment is up
the private passage between Benson, the silversmith's, and
he State Fire Insurance Office.— Liverpool, 134, Duke-street;
Birmingham, 65, New-street.

THE GREAT SOCIAL MYSTERY.—The
recent change in the law of Separation and Divorce has
raised up a new problem which taxes the ingenuity of social
philosophers to solve. In a nation so renowned as this for
the sanctity of its domestic ties, it appears unaccountable that
so many marriages, contracted under circum stances apparently
auspicious, should result in sorrow, disgust, and degradation,
and that this should occur even to those who before wedlock
had passionately loved each other.
It the inquirers into the cause of this mystery had consulted
the great book °filature, instead of dwelling on conventional
theories, they might probably have had less difficulty in
arriving at the truth. have they ever sufficiently considered
how much these constant revelations of unhappy marriages
may be connected with a peculiar INFLUENCE, frequently
originating In corrupt associations at college, or at school,
and the pernicious effects of which, too often unsuspected by
medical men, poison the very well-springs of life, and produce
many of the disappointments witnessed in the connubial state.
It is a matter that deeply concerns the well-being of thou-
sands who have no idea of the danger that threatens them.
Every person of intelligence should ask himself whether there
be not something in his past life which admits of the possi-
bility that he himself may be concerned, either at present or
prospectively, in the subject. Science and experience, founded
on professional study, have happily discovered effectual means
of relief • but it is important that care be taken in selecting
the quarter from whence assistance is sought. Dr. LA'IIIERT
is the only legally qualified practitioner—on—the Medical
Register who for 20 years has exclusively devoted himself to
the treatment of a peculiar class of infirmities incidental to
youth and maturity. A fund of valuable suggestions and in-
formation is contained in his well-known work on the Cure
of Nervous and Physical Debility, which may be had, price is.,
or free by post for 13 stamps, from Mann, bookseller, 39,
Cornhill ; or direct from the Author, who may be daily con-
sulted from 10 till 3, and , from 6 till 8, at his residence, 37,
BEDFORD SQUARE, LONDON.

Just Published, price Is., post free for 14 stamps, or in a
sealed envelope for 20 stamps.

GUIDE TO HEALTH AND HAPPINESS, a
popular Medical Work, beautifully Illustrated with 100
Engravings, descriptive of the baneful effects arising from
the errors of youth, manhood, and old age, and the debility
arising from the too frequent indulgence of the passions.
EXTRACTS from the above WORK, sent post free on re-
ceipt of two penny stamps, for postage. Address, Medicus,
19, Berners-street, Oxford-street, London, W. ,
TRIESEMAR No. I. _ _

is a certain remedy for relaxation, spermatorrhcea, and all the
distressing consequences arising from early abuse, indiscrimi-
nate excesses, or too lona. residence in hot climates.
TRIESEIVIAR No. IL

effectually eradicates all traces of Gonorrhoea, both in its mild
and aggravated forms, Gleets, Strictures, Irritation of the
Bladder, Pains of tha Loins and Kidneys, and all urino
genital diseases.

TRIESEMAR No. 111.
A the great Continental Remedy for Syphilis and Secondary
Symptoms. TRIESEMAR, No. 1,2, and 3, prepared in the
form of a lozenge, devoid of taste or smell, and can be carried
in the waistcoat pocket.
Price lls., or four cases in one for 335., which saves lls. ;
and in £5 cases, whereby there is a saving of £1 12s.
AGENTS :-W. Sutton and Co., 10, Bow Church-yard ; W.
Edwards, 67, St. Paul's Church-yard ; J. Sanger, 150, Oxford-
street ; Hannay and Dietricksen, 63, Oxford-street ; Butler,
4, C'heapside ; Prout and Harsent, 229, Strand ; Robert How-
den, 48, Gracechurch-street ; Bartlett Hooper, King William-
street ; and all medicine vendors throughout the United
Kingdom.

"The temporary relief obtained by means of purgative
medicines is purchased at the high price of the aggravation
and A the perpetuating the disease. '—HENRY,

NO MORE PILLS OR ANY OTHER PHYSIC
FOR CONSTIPATION, INDIGESTION (DYSPEPSIA), PALPI-
TATION, NERVOUS, BILIOUS, AND LIVER COMPLAINTS,
DEBILITY, DROPSY, EPILEPSY, PARALYSIS, COUGH,
ASTHMA, CONSUMPTION, BRONCHITIS, SORE THROAT,
FEVERS.

DU BARRY'S delicious HEALTH RESTOR-
ING REVALENTA ARABICA FOOD, which, at a
lew pence per day, saves fifty times its cost in Medicine, and
cures without purging or any of the uncertainties, annoy
ances, and ruinous expenses incurred .by medicine, cod liver
oil, or visits to distant climates.
Certificate No. 86,418.—We find it the safest remedy, An-
drew tire, M.D., F.R.S. ; Dr. Harvey; Dr. Wurzer ; Dr. Shor-
land ; Dr. Campbell.
We extract a few out of 56,000 cures :

Cure No. 1,771. Lord Shiite de Decies of many years'
dyspepsia. Cure No. 49,832. Of fifty years' indiscribable
agony from dyspepsia, nervousness, asthma, cough, constipa-
tion, flatulency, spasms, sickness, and vomiting, Maria Joly,
of Lynn, Norfolk. Cure No. 47,121. Miss Elizabeth Jacobs,
of extreme nervousness, indigestion, gatherings, low spirits,
and nervous fancies. Cure No. 54,816. The Rev. James T.
Campbell, Syderstone Rectory, near Fakenham, Norfolk. of
Indigestinn and liver complaints. Cure No. 56,814. Mr. Samnel
Laxton ,Leicester, of two years' diarrhoea. Cure isTo. 180. Mr.
W. Reeves, 181, Fleet-street, London, of 25 years' nervous-
ness, cc nstipation, indigestion, and debility. Cure No. 4,028:
Eight years' dyspepsia, nervousness, debility, with cramps,
spasms, and nausea, Rev. John W. Piave], Ridlington Rec-
tory, Norfolk. Cure No. 3,906. Thirteen years' cough, indi-
Pestion, and general debility, James Porter, Athol-street,
erth. Cure No. 58,314. Miss Elizabeth Yeoman, Gateacre,
near Liverpool, of ten years' dyspepsia, and all the horrors of
nervous irritability. Cure No. 46,270. Mr. James Roberts,
timber merchant, of Fernley, Surrey, of 30 years' diseased
lungs, spitting of blood, liver derangement, partial deafness.
Similar testimonials from 56,000 patients who can be re-
ferred to.
The Food is sold in canisters, 11b. ',es. 9d., 21b, 45. 6d., 121 b.
225., 241 b. 40s. ; super-refined quality, 51b. 225„ 101 b. 335. The
101 b., 121 b., and 241 b. canisters carriage free on receipt of
Post-office order by Barry Du Barry and Co., 77, Regent-
street, London ; Fortnum, Mason, and Co., 182, Piccadilly,
London ; Abbis, 60, Gracechurch-street; 4, Cheapside ' • 63
and 150, Oxford-street ; 330 and 452, Strand ; 49 and 60,
Bish opsgate-street ; Batty, 16, Finsbury-pavement; Phillips
and Co.. tea dealers; Petty, Wood, and Co., King William-
street, City, and 117.11isth 11 olborn and all grocers.

ANTIQUITY OF HOOPi.—There is a curious little
song, dating back to 1601, entitled, " 0 Mother, a Hoop,"
in which the value of hoop-skirts is set forth by a fair
damsel, in terms that would delight a modern belle. In
1728 we find hoop-skirts and negro girls, and other
" chattels," advertised for sale in the same shop.
BAD ADVICE.--Horne Tooke's advice to a young
friend desirous of venturing on matrimony was, " Look
carefully round among the whole circle of your friends, and
choose the nicest girl you can find. Make sure that her
fortune is good, and her connexions are unexceptionable,
and her personal qualities entirely to your liking. When
the happy day arrives, and the bridal party are on their
way to the altar, mount the swiftest horse you can procure,
and ride off in an opposite direction."

- -
The Armstrong guns, by constant improvement, are now
perfection. The same is the case with Herring's Magnetic
Brushes, which are now so perfected that failure with them
is all but impossible. They are the true remedy for grey hair,
neuralgia, and nervous headache. N.B.—Counterfeits are
beilig wade, Oboes, 32, Dastughall-atreet, London.

AMERICA.

SQUTHAMPTON,.FEB. 17.
The United States mail steamship Arago, Captain
11. 4. Gadsden, with mails of the 2d inst. from New
York for England and France, arrived off Cowes
last night, and went on to Havre.
Congressional proceedings, on the Ist instant,
were interesting, in view of the facts that for the
first time the voice of California was heard on the
national troubles, through the mouth of one of her
senators, and that Texas showed her hand for the
Union through one of her representatives. In the
Senate Mr. Ten Eyck presented the resolutions of
the Legislature of New Jersey in favour of the Ciit-
tenden Compromise, but took occasion to dissent
from their sentiments. lie did not believe that
they truly represented the feelings of the people of
New Jersey. A resolution offered by Mr. Trumbull,
of Illinois, providing for the appointment of a com-,
mittee to co-operate with a committee of the house
in counting the electoral votes for President and
Vice-President, was objected to by Mr. Bigler, of
Pennsylvania, and laid over. The President's Mu-
sage. was then taken up for further, consideration,
and Mr. Latham, of California, proceeded to address
the Senate. He said :

" California was peacefully lying in the arms of
Sierra Nevada, removed from the immediate cause
or trouble, and wished to speak to-day with her
voice: Disunion, a word which Mr. Calhoun
scarcely dared to utter, had now become familiar.
The vacant seats here show the evils upon us, and
we must palliate or overcome them as we may. It
was vain to try to persuade our Southern
brethern that there was no danger. The South
does not complain so much of the acts that
have already been committed as the danger
they anticipate. They complain of any inter-
ference with their vested rights, and think it
best to meet the dangers at their threshold. He
conceded that there Was some cause for their
apprehension, but never a greater paradox than the
constitutional right of a State to secede. It was
virtually saying that the Government was no Go-
vernment, and he would not discuss the right of
revolution, as he thought the senator from Georgia
(Mr. Toombs) had properly called the present
movement. The framers of the constitution did not
contemplate secession or coercion, as generally un-
derstood, and left the Government with the sublime
alternative to be just or perish. He argued that the
continued agitation of the slavery question was the
cause of the difficulty and agitation, and it will
continue, because it is the life of the dominant
party at the North. The South wants security
that will render it impossible to do them injustice.
Our Government is one of reason, and can only
exist so long as it is true to itself, and it ceases to
be true when it employs force. If the Southern
States were determined to form a Government for
themselves, there was no force to prevent it ; and
yet he would not admit that the Government had
no power, for there was power adequate to put
down revolt in a State. But when many States
rise in revolution, with the spirit of a mighty em-
pire, it is idle to talk of force to subdue them.
When 10,000,000 people rise in defence of their
homes, not all the armies since Caesar's can compel
them to live under the Executive they consider
hostile. The people fought at the late election on
no such issue as is now presented ; the question of '
force was not involved in the contest. The victory
of the Republican party was achieved by popular
delusion, which has become the ruin of the party,
never again to rise. He would say to the South
that much trouble was due by divisions among
themselves, causing the defeat of the Democratic
party. That party will stand up with them for a
peaceful solution of the question, and will recover
strength and crush the false idols set up for the
people. Allowing that there was danger, why should
the South separate from their Northern friends,
when united they might overcome the enemy ? A
separate confederacy requires a standing army along
its hostile border, making a vast outlay, and the
North would be obliged to do the same thing, and
both would grow poor together. Secession is the
foundation of an endless civil war, under which the
Government would fall to a military despotism. If
we violently separate, we shall strike a death blow
to liberal institutions, and both, or many sections,
as the case may be, will be involved in financial
ruin. We should lose the name American, and be
known only as a tribe of Indians are. It would be
impossible to depict the desolation and horrors
which would follow disunion. He protested against
the hope of reconstruction after the Union is once
broken up. If war is once commenced, all hope of
reconciliation will be effaced, and in the end the
people will fly to a monarchy to save themselves
from anarchy and universal ruin. The people of
California breathe but one sentiment of loyalty and
devotion to the Union, and would ratify any settle-
ment which would satisfy the South ; and if such
satisfaction is refused, a large majority of the people
say Let them go in peace.' He would prefer a
peaceful separation to civil war. California, from
her position and commerce, would remain with the
Free States ; her destiny and theirs are indissolubly
connected. In the language of the senator from
New York (Mr. Seward), the people of that State
' speak for the Union, vote for the Union, give
money for the Union, and they will fight for the
Union,' providing he can show them how such
fighting can maintain the liberty, fraternity, and
equality of our Southern brethren in the Union.
(Applause.) But, if he cannot perform that difficult
task, the people of that coast never—no, never !
will imbue their hands in the blood of their Southern
brethren. He said that they were willing to vote
for the propositions of the senators from Kentucky
or Illinois, but he thought the best and wisest plan
was that of his friend from Minnesota (Rice). The
people expect them here to do something soon.
Why should the Union be destroyed and all the
evils be brought upon us ? He appealed to senators
by all that was dear to their hearts not to turn a
deaf ear to the voice of the people, and let patriotism
rise above party. He was eager and proud to make
sacrifices to save his country."
When he had concluded, the Tariff Bill was re-
ported from the Select Committee, with amend-
ments, and the Diplomatic and the Executive and
Judicial Appropriation Bills were passed. In the
house, Mr. Sherman, from the Committee of Ways

and Means, reported a bill authorising the Presi
dent, before the Ist of July next, to borrow
25,000,000 dols., should so much be found necessary.
Mr. Kellogg, representative of Illinois, before a vote
was taken on the recommendations of the Committee
of Thirty-three, wished to offer resolutions as a
substitute. He had been constrained to the present
course by the disturbed condition of the country.
They are joint resolutions, proposing amendments
to the Constitution, to be ratified in the manner
indicated by that instrument, as follows :
" Art. 13. That in all the territory now held by
the United States situate north of latitude 36 deg.
and 30 min. involuntary servitude, except for the
punishment of crime, is prohibited while such terri-
tory shall remain under a Territorial Government;
that in all the territory now held south of said line,
neither Congress nor any Territorial Legislature
shall hinder or prevent the emigration to said terri-
tory of persons held to service from any State of
the Union where that relation exists by virtue of
any law or usage of such State, while it shall
remain in a territorial condition; and when any
Territory north or south of said line, within such
boundaries as Congress may prescribe, shall contain
the population required for a member of Congress,
aecording to the then federal ratio of representation
of the people of the United States, it may, if its
form of government be Republican, be admitted
into the Union on an equal footing with the original
States, with or without the relation of,persons held
to service and labour, as the Constitution of such
new State may provide.
" Art. 14. That nothing in the Constitution of
the United States, or any amendment thereto, shall
be so construed as to authorise any department of
tho Government in any manner to interfere with
the relation of persons held to service in any State
where that relation exists, nor in any manner
to establish or sustain that relation in any State
where it is prohibited by the law or the Constitu-
tion of such State, and that this article shall not be
altered or amended without the consent of every
State in the Union.
" Art. 15. The third paragraph of the second
section of the fourth article :of the Constitution
shall be taken and construed to authorise and em-
power Congress to pass laws necessary to secure
the return of persons held to service or labour under
the laws of any State, who may have escaped there-
from, to the person to whom such service or labour
may be due.
" Art. 16. The emigration or importation of per-
sons held to service or involuntary servitude into
any State or Territory or place within the United

States, from any place or country beyond the limits
of the United State% or Territories thereof, is for
ever prohibited."
Mr. MiClernand (Opposition), of Illinois, was
happy to seo stich a proposition coming from a'
gentleman whose relations are so near to the Presi-
dent elect.

11,1 r. Lovejoy objected to the reception, of the
joint resolution, esiaccially after the remark, of his

colleague.

Mr: Kellogg said that in offering the resolution
he wished distinctly to state that, in view of the
disturbed condition of the country, he 'felt it his
duty to offer a prop( isition, hoping it might avert
an impending calamity. No other human being
was responsible for it than himself.
_ _

The resolution was ordered to be printed, and
subsequently the reporf; of the Special Committee of
Thirty-three was considered in Committee of the
Whole. General Hamilton, of Texas, made an elo-
quent Union speech to• day. In the course of an
able argument against the right of secession he made
the new point that, by all-the laws of nations,
Louisiana had practically declared war against
Texas, in cutting off her, communication with the,
home Government,' by her ordinance of secession.
The General was followed by Mr Stokes, of Ten-
nessee, who also made a telling ) speech for the
Union. An evening session was held for general
debate.
.: - , • •

It appears from despatches from Washington
that the Floridiane alieady considered themselves
in a state of actual war with the United States.
Lieut. James E. Jonett, attached to the steamer
Crusader, had reported hiniself to the Navy Depart-
ment under peculiar circumstances. He 'occa-
sion, whiie temporarily employed on the Wyan-.
dotte, to go ashore at ,Pensacola, when he was
immediately seized by the State troops as a pri-
soner of war, but was subsequently released on a
parole of honour, with the understanding that he
was not to bear arms 'against the State of Florida.
He was then furnished with a passport, with which
he left the State and proceeded to New Orleans,
where he was again threatened with arrest; con-
sequently, he took the shortest route to Washing-
ton, where he awaited the commands of the Secre-
tary of the Navy. This outrage of the Seces-
sionists, however, does not compare in magnitude
with one contemplated at New Orleans, but which
was happily frustrated by the caution of those most
immediately interested in its defeat. The Crusader
itself, it seems, was to be seized by the city autho-
rities, while the officers were being entertained in
friendly way on shore. The bait did not take, and
the Crusader still remained in the service of the
Government. There was a general expectation in
Washington, on the evening of the Ist, that excit-
ing intelligence would soon be received from
Charleston, but what this expectation was based on
did not clearly appear. It probably grew out of
the knowledge of the fact that Colonel Hayne had
received his despatches from Griernor Hickens
relative to the proposed surrender of Fort Sumter,
in connection with the fact that preparations were
constantly going on in .Charleston for an attack on
that fortification, The. Diplomatic Corps, it
appeared, were generally of opinion that a collision
cannot now be avoided, and they had forwarded
despatches to their respective Governments to that
effect.

A Washington despatch of the Ist inst. to the
New York Times says:— _ _ _

" A gentleman called on General Scott to-day
and inquired if it would be safe to bring his family
here. The General referred him to one of his aides,
who, it is said, replied that he thinks it is safe now,
the necessary points being all guarded. We are
playing a game of chess, and every time those who
contemplate strife here advance a piece we imme-
diately checkmate it. The Louisiana delegation,
except Mr. Bouligny, retire from Congress on Mon-
day next, whether a certified copy of the ordinance
be received or not. Mr. Bouligny says he won't
withdraw until his district instructs him to do so.
Private advices from Charleston to-day show that
the Secessionists' preparations for war are much
more extensive than is generally supposed, involv-
ing expenditure enough to nearly beggar the State.
The plan for the attack and capture of Fort Sumter
is common talk among the citizen soldiery, and
they only,aavait the signal from the leading con-
spirators at Washington to begin the assault'. So
imminent is considered the danger of an early colli-
sion that numbers of people are constantly leaving
the city. The plans of attack alluded to have been
fully communicated to the Administration by par-
ties personally familiar therewith. I am assured
that a witness before the House Treason‘Committee
testified to a declaration, by Mayor Berret, that if
Maryland seceded he would give up this city as far
as he was concerned."
Another despatch of the Ist, from Washington,
has the following :
" It is evidence before the House Select Commit-
tee on Treason that a variety of plans have actually
been discussed by those in the South who have been
determined for years to break up the Union. Ist, it
was believed that a convention of the two Houses
could be prevented on the 15th inst., when the votes
for President are to be counted, thereby avoiding a
constitutional count of the electoral votes. 2d, to
prevent Mr. Lincoln from coming here by assassi-
nation, or some other means, 3d, to take the Capitol
by violence and prevent his inauguration. It is the
testimony of several witnesses that these plans were
all seriously discussed and abandoned, upon the
theory that it would be within the category of
crimes punishable with death in the Union, and
would not in the end accomplish the object the dis-
solutionists have in view. After a full canvass of
the whole subject it was finally decided to resort to
the plan of secession which was immediately ini-
tiated by South Carolina."
The Democratic State Convention continued its
session at Albany on the Ist, and was addressed by
James S. Thayer, ex-Chancellor Wallworth, W. H.
Carroll, of Maryland, and others. A series of reso-
lutions was adopted urging the settlement of the
national difficulties by compromise, deprecating
coercion of the seceding States, and appointing
Millard Fillmore, Addison Gardner, Greene C.
Bronson, Erastus Corning, Horatio Seymour,
Amasa J. Parker, Charles O'Conor, and Samuel
Tilden as commissioners to attend the Convention
soon to be held at Washington. The speech of the
venerable ex-Chancellor Walworth opposing coer-
cion and depicting the horrors of civil war pro-
duced a great sensation in the Convention. On the
second resolution being read Chancellor Walworth
appeared on the platform, and his venerable looks
claimed instant attention from the Convention, and
he was received with an outburst of enthusiastic
applause. He said :
" Gentlemen of the Convention,--I am far ad-
vanced in years, and not in the habit of attending
Conventions of this character, but I could not resist
coming here to enter my protest against civil war.
I have seen the horrors of such a conflict. In the
war of 1812 my house in Plattsburgh was sacked
by the British. A battle was fought opposite my
very doors, and the bullets that were fired fell like
hailstones around my dwelling. In the casement
of my door remains to this day embedded one of
those bullets, a memento of the fight. In that
struggle I saw my fellow-citizens shot down by
my side. I know, then, the horrors of a foreign
war; and they are nothing as compared with the her-•
rors of a civil war. A civil war is a war among
brethren. We are all brethren in this Confederacy
of States—the people of the South are our brethren,
not only nominally, but actually our brethren. In
Georgia alone I have the names of 1,000 citizens
whose ancestors were the near relatives of my own.
In the same State alone are 100 relatives of the
family of Hillhouse, whose name is known as that
of one of the patriots of the Revolution, and whose
descendant now occupies a seat in our State Senate ;
and so scattered all over the Southern States are the
near relatives of the men of the North, and perhaps
there is scarcely a member of this Convention who
has not some such ties in the States of the South.
It would be as brutal, in my opinion, to send men to
butcher our own brothers of the Southern States as
it would be to massacre them in the Northernit
duty
to, We are told, however, that it is our yd
what laws are to to be enforced ?
to, and we must, enforce the law. But wh
AY and
whatwere
were to be enforced in the time ofTherethe
e them But
Lord North sent armies he.re to enforc
can Revolution, and the British Parliament and
what did Washington say in regard to the enforce.