biglam/hmd_newspapers huggingface dataset:
The Sun.
London, England, 1861-08-22

OXFORDSHIRE STAKES.

Bally Edmond
Sycophant
Defender

Five ran.
TRIAL STAKES.

Commander . 1

Overton

Gauntlet
Five ran.
MEMBERS' PLATE.

Memo
Don John
Thunderstorm 3
Five ran.
SELLING PLATE.

Bubbles
Grant
Sloth ..

Ten ran.
WELTER HANDICAP.

Ariadne
Soothsayer
Conqueror
Three ran.
PRINCE OF WALES' STAKES.

Master Fenton
Exchequer
Peignoir
le ive ran.

LATEST BETTING.
EBOR HANDICAP.
6to 1 agat Bally Edmond (taken freely)

TILE WOOL Ir ICH MURDER.

At the Central Criminal Court, this day, before Mr.
Justice Blackburn, Peter Masterson, aged 22, was indicted
for the wilful murder of Martin Murphy, a sergeant in the
same corps, stationed pt Woolwich.

The prisoner, who treated the case with perfect indiffer-
ence, pleaded not guilty.
The facts connected with the case have been fully re
ported. The prisoner, being a deserter, had been placed in
confinement, and in the guard. room seized an iron bar
and ir.flictul injuries on the head of the deceased, his supe •
rior officer, from the effects of which he died.
At the conclusion of the evidence for the prosecution,
Mr. Metcalfe addressed the j iry on behalf of the prisoner,
so as to reduce the clime to that of manslaughter.
The learned judge having summed up,
The jury returned a verdict of guilty of murder with a
recommendation to mercy.
The learned Judge then assuming the black cap, in
solemn form passed the sentence of death, intimating he
could hold out no hopes of mercy, but would send the re-
commendation to the proper quarter.
The prisoner bowed, smiled, and left the dock, and will
be taken back to Maidstone to-night.
London, England, 1861-08-22

8, GROSVENOR-STREET. GROSVENO .QUARE.-

ALL CONSULTATIONS FREE,

A, RTIFICIAL TEE on a NEW and IM
PROVED PRINCIPLE, at TEN SHILLINGS EA;. H
TOOTH (including all chavo•es.)
Mr. ESK I.L'S PATE TED INVENTION (protected by
her Majesty's Royal Seal, July, .60). for adapting Arti-
ficial Teeth, from one to a complete -et, by Self-Adhesion,
are fixed without springs or fastening, without pain or ex-
traction, restore perfect articulation and mastication, ren-
dering detecti. n impossible, and last a lif ime.
"Unrivalled for its utilityand economy."--Ilorning, Post.
"An admirable contrivance for remedying the defects of
nature, without requiring new sets of teeth." —Sun.
Decayed Teeth Stopped, Loose Teeth Forened. Discoloured
Teeth R. s (wed, Ac. Constant D: ily A ttabce at 8, Grosvenor-
street, Grosvernor-squire. London ; Old Steine, Brighton;
Bennett's-hill, Birmingham
London, England, 1861-08-22

THEATRE. It 0 YAL,
Lessee, Ir. J. B. Baekstone.

TTTI-; EVENrzO, the pertnriralleer+ will oonitriAllee with
THE BALANCE OF COMFORT
en .
titled iM. Oliver.
After which, a new Comedy, MY LORD AND
MY LADY ; or, It Might have been Worse. Mr. C. Mathews,
Mr. Andrews, Mr. Buckstone, Mrs. Charles Mathews, Mrs.
Wilkins, &c.
Followed by HE WOULD BE AN ACTOR.
To conclude with a Ballet, ACHUS AND ARIANE.
THE CHRIST KNING. Miss Fanny Wright, the LecleDrcqs,
Mr. Webster, &c.
London, England, 1861-08-22

as one man.

Pity it is, that The Great Liberator DANIEL
O'CONNELL could not be restored to life, if but
that for a brief interval he might visit " the
glimpses of the moon," and see how much better
Ireland can get on with Out that miserable farce of the
Repeal Agitation. The arrival of VICTORIA, Queen
of Great Britain and Ireland, in Ireland, marks, we
cannot but think with exultation, and with confi-
dent trust, a new epoch in the history of the
sister country. Her MAJESTY goes thither after
having reigned now for four and-twenty years
over these islands, and all their world-wide
dependencies. Her MAJESTY goes thither only to
witness the advance and the consolidation of a com-
mercial, agricultural, and social prosperity that
no less a man than Lord BROUGHAM (also visiting
Ireland now for the first time) has avowed within
the last few days that he beholds with astonish-
ment. The very fact of the dying out of that
egregiously mistaken agitation for a Repeal of the
Union has in itself of course had something to do with
this. There has been the beneficent operation too
of the ever memorable Encumbered Estates Act—
that, it were impossible not to take into calculation
when viewing the happy change of things latterly
visible on the other side of St. George's Channel.
But—far more than either—there is the influence
exercised by the Age itself, by the generation now
peoplingig n a nt b
inflouth Englandence, under
Hand Ireland.
mustn bTehlaotokbeed-
upon mainly as the worker of these miracles of im-
provement. In the political world alone there are
more amenities now prevailing than the last genera-
tion, perhaps, ever dreamt of. There are the widen-
ing and widening principles of free trade—ever in-
creasingly and more and more beneficently affecting
the whole mercantile population. There is the general
facilitation of rapid intercourse by sea and land.,
Railways intersecting the country--steam-packets
London, England, 1861-08-22

METROPOLITAN CATTLE MARKEL

To -day's market was only moderately supplied with
beasts, in very middling condition. Prime breeds sold
steadily, at full quotations ; otherwise the beef trade was in
a sluggish state, at Monday's currency. The top price was
4s 10d per 81bs. Most breeds of shoed moved off slowly ;
nevertheless late rates were quite supported, prime Downs
having realised 5s 4d, in some instances 5s 6d per 81bs
Lambs—the supply of which was limited—sold readily at
fully the late advance in their value. Calves met a slow
sale on former terms, and the supply was moderately gocd.
Pigs, mulch tows, and suckling calves were in slow request,
at former prices.

Per Slb. to sink the offal.
B. d. s. d. s. d. s. d.
Crse. & inf. beasts 2 10 d 2! Primecrs-wool do. 4 6 5 G
Second quality do. 3 4 3 8 IPme.S'thdowndo.s 2 5 6
Prime large oxen 3 10 4 "4 Large crse. calves 3 4 3 10
Prime Scots, &c. 4 6 4 10 Prime small d 0... 4 0 4 6
Crse. & inf. sheep 3 2 3 6! Large hogs 3 10 4 4
Second quality do. 3 8 4 4 Small porkers .... 4 6 4 3
Lambs, 5s Od to 6s Od.
Suckling calves, 20s to 28s; and quarter-old store pigs,
22s to 295.

TOTAL SUPPLY. : FOREIGN SUPPLY.
Beasts
Sheep and lambs.... 10,980 Sheep ......
Calves
Pigs 390 Pigs

THIRD EDITION.
London, England, 1861-08-22

I.IIL SITUATIO V OF FRANCE.

The Universal Prussian Ga.:ate contains the f,,llowing
remarkable article :

" In no country in Europe has a Government made more
frequent appeals to capital than in France during the last
ten years. It may be said that the financial resources of
the French na; on have proved so abundant that they have
easily met all the demands made upon th( m. Undoubt-
edly, the financial system adopted by the Second Empire
has given rise to many apprehensi,ns bath among the
adversaries of the Imperial regime and among its friends;
but their forebodings have never been realised. It is
certain, since 1830, that the prosperity of France has been
uniformly progressive. The statements of M. Horn, the
political economist, prove that fact. Whenever the Impe-
rial Government appeals to national subscription for a loan,
the amount subscribed has always greatly exceeded the sum
reqnired. Now, if certain speakers. during the discussion
on the budget in the Legislative Body, protested against
the qualification of inexhaustible, as applied to the resources
of the country, it must be admitted that such an expression
is far less misplaced than in Austria, where it is also very
frequently made use of. The wealth of the Austrian Em-
pire is undoubtedly territorial, and requires labour to be-
come available. But France possesses an ever-increasing
capital always at command. To all the criticism on the
great expenditure of the Empire, bath for war and for in-
ternal improvements, it may be replied that the resources
of the nation would never have been what they are but for
the profound conviction of the security which the Imperial
rule has given to property, and that, to attain this end, the
development of the military element was necessary.
Lastly, if it be alleged that war has been of no advantage
to France, it is impossible to deny the advantages she has
derived from free-trade, the really great conquest of the
Second Empire. Henceforth a ide field is offered to French
commerce, which is further extended by new
maritime communication. We may add that, as re'
lines of
gards taxes, the portion each individual has t) contri-
bute to the general burden does not exceed 34f. 23c. If
the population has proportionately diminished, the average
length of life has increased ; and, besides, an excessively
in-
digent population has never contributed to the prosperity
of a nation. The last tables of criminal statistics show that
the Luulter of mime, has been gradually decreasing for
lora years past*

-
London, England, 1861-08-22

EXPLANATION.—B. Barometer, corrected and reduced
to 32 deg at mean sea level ; each 10 feet of vertical rise
causing about 1-100th of an inch diminution, and each 10
deg above 32 deg causing nearly 3-100ths increase. E.
Exposed thermometer in shade. M. Moistened bulb (for
vaporation and dew-point). D. Direction of wind (true—
not magnetic). F. Force (I to 12—estimated). C. Cloud
Ito 9). I. Initials :—b , blue sky; c., clouds (detached) ;
fog. ' • h„ hail ; 1., lightning ; to., misty (hazy) ;
overcast (dull) , r., rain; s., snow; t., thunder. A letter
repeated augtuentt3—thus, r.r., much rain. S. Sea disturb-
caw (1 to 9).
London, England, 1861-08-22

21R. GREGORY, OLP., IN GALWAY.

Mr. Gregory, M.P., paid his first visit to the Royal
Galway Institution on Saturday, at one o'clock,
being elected a member on Tuesday last.
Mr. P. M. LYNCH said it afforded him sincere
pleasure to be able to express to Mr. Gregory, on
the part of the Royal Galway Institution—and,
indeed, on the part of Galway—the gratitude that
was felt for his great exertions on behalf of their
port.

Mr. GREGORY, M.P., said he was very much
obliged for the honour the Institution had done him.
No doubt, Ireland had for once on the subject of
the Galway contract shown unity, and it was the
greatest instance of it in his recollection, and it had
the effect of producing a strong feeling, not alone
among the Conservative ranks, but among the Radi-
cals, that Ireland had a right to have her share.
(Hear, hear.) Ireland should not be satisfied with
getting back the Galway subsidy, but should insist
on some share in that expenditure that was lavished
upon Dover and Holyhead. Galway, certainly,
should not be satisfied—it being the acknowledged
and recognised port of departure from Europe to
s
America. Of the feelings of Sir Robert.wPereeelm,tohaet
f
new Chief Secretary, there could be no mistake, and
haevo(Murra.blGerteogtohe Gregory) pledged
dhoifmtshee subieiydy. In the
faith faith of Lord Palmerston's declaration he had im-
plicitsihtowNveoduldthenyothabde
doubt but a very
confidence; but certainly
largeee aa
pr ri
ti ea dl
amooutunt
n ships.ti lo of
theTphr
necrfoagemrr
weepnaaatesnefiyn
rosmh shares would
London,w oul d a
nbde
ersntocoe by dfrom several leading members
a
ialists of London. He thanked them
ofttohafrkatteh ;lel eefiui nri up at
a nenadoct o
nfidence and support, and he thought
theygran
twt ohne lbe b
themthe
easele rviteoeptehrseuyardeecituhireedG.ove(Hrnemare,natntdo
applause.)
Mr. R. SOMERVILL said that the construction of
graving docks was a very important matter.
Mr. GREGORY said no doubt it was, but let them
first get the subsidy, and then make a request for
the money. Let them secure the one, and then the
other was sure to follow. (Hear.) It was scarcely
proper to expend £lBO,OOO on the harbours of Eng-
land and Wales, and only £lB,OOO on those of Ire-
land. No doubt English commerce was ten times
as much as that of Ireland, but that was no reason
why ten times as much money should be expended
on her harbours. (Hear.) He recollected a very
curious passage that occurred in Lord Canning's re-
port of 1853 on postal contracts, in which it wa
stated that these contracts should not be looked
upon as mere questions of correspondence which
should pay the Exchequer, but that they should be
looked upon in a social, economical, and po:itical
point of view in stimulating commerce.—Galway
Vindicator.
London, England, 1861-08-22

POLAND.

A letter from Proktrow, in Poland, states that,
on the 12th, the anniversary of the union of Lithua-
nia with Poland, the population, in spite of the
orders of the authorities that no demonstration
should be made, shut up their shops, went en masse
to the churches, and afterwards sung patriotic
hymns. But, suddenly, the police went round the
town, and by force compelled the shopkeepers to
take down their shutters. Orders were also given
that there should be no illuminations, and at night-
fail the police stationed themselves in the streets to
prevent any; but all the population—men, women,
and children—turned out with paper lanterns in
their hands, and paraded before the house of the
military commander, General Wagner. This de-
monstration was all the more amusing from the fact
that the 'general had, a few days before, issued an
ordinance that at night no one should appear in the
street without lanterns ! He was greatly exaspe-
rated, and ordered the troops to charge the people,
but the latter dispersed with loud laughter. The
troops, however, were made to remain all night
under arms.
London, England, 1861-08-22

GREAT MA itioUGH -STREET. EA F.
TEIR,' PANTHEON.
D". CULVERWELL, Member of the Roya
College of Surgeons, Licentiate of Midwifery, and Apo-
hecaries' Hall, London, can be consulted daily (only) as
hove, on all cases of Nervous Debility, Languor, Incapacity,
Loss of Memory, Sterility, and all Funct,aal Derangements
both Sexes, emanating from early and excessive Indio-
enoes9
Has Just published, price ls. ; by post, 1$ stamps,
18 sealed,
No. 4,
An entire new and oridnal Work, entitled
OURSELVES.
synopsis: The Physiology and Anatomy of our Generatior,
rile Origin of Disease—Symptoms, Treatment, and Cure.
so, an Exposition of. and Remedy for. all Urinary Derange-
mmts and Marital Disqualiticatione,
MALE.
The modern treatment of Syphilis, Stricture, Blennorrhagia
Gonorrhoea), Spermatorrhcea, Impetency, and all Diseases of
he Urinary Organs, with Prescriptions, ito.
FEMALE.
i'he Physiology and Anatomy of Women— Functional Er-
re 2ularities in Health and Sickness—Choice in Marriage—
ieir Expectancies and Disappointments—Th.i Cause and
R moval of Sterility—The Theory and Symptoms of Gesta-
ti in—Use of the Speculum. Also,
No. 1.
HEALTH, HAPPINESS, and LONGEVITY;
On Debility, Nervousness, Dyspepsia, and Indigestion,
2.
'LOVE ANDNo.MARRIAGE :
their Obligations, Happiness, and Disappointments; Love
nd other Matches. Sterility Removed, and Healthy Of:l-
-uring secured.
No, S.
CrurtleeirTbr bleashellstf:edrtioisiteatiNiwioannosnr,kinz
Classes
THE CASE BOOR:
100 Cases of SPERMATORRIREA,
Symptoms, and Treatment, Confessions and
,Gla9l,vCaonrinsinhlll44;c.a:dc. thee. Authors.
Guinea.
Advice to
(SPECIAL NOTICE.)
Dr.ner Cu
livingl e rwoefl 1
that
hs thea n oanm, l ye legallyana e qualifiedan be o
consulted m ed l calpurlay acti
tio
bove).
London, England, 1861-08-22

London : H. Bailliere, 219, negent-street.'

RADICAL CURES BY ELECTRICITY.
Just published, Bvo., of 3 ,0 pages, price Is. 6d.,

-pEXTRACTS FROM DR 6AI3LIN'S CASE-
-7 BOOK. Containing the Dem, nstration of his System
in Oppo.ition to the U•uil Mode of Practice, with the Ra-
tionale of Fifty-six Cases.— to be had at H. Bailie e s, 219,
Regent-street. and at the Author's Electro-Chemical Bath
Establishment, 9, York-place, Baker-street, London.
London, England, 1861-08-22

Commence a' 7

N" THEATRE-ROYAL, ADELPHL—
:;oIe Proprietor and Manager, Mr. B. Webster.
112th Night of "The Dead Heart."
THIS EVENING, the great Adelphi drama, THE DEAD
HEART. Messrs. B. Webster, J. L. Toole, Fisher, Billing-
ton, Eburne, Smith, Bother ; Miss Woolgar and Miss Kate
Welly.

To conclude with MR. GORILLA. Messrs. J. L. Toole,
P. Bedford, Ellington ; Miss Kate Kelly, Miss E. Thorne.
Doors open at half past 6—Commenee at 7.

ROYAL LYCEUM THEATRE.

Manager—Mr. Edmund Falconer.

THIS EVENING will be performed the new and original
comedy, entitled WOMAN ; or, Love against the World.
Characters by Messrs. Walter Lacy, Addison, Herman Vezin,
J. Robins, Mrs. Charles Youn,e,-, Mrs. Weston, Miss Murray,
and Miss Lydia Thomson.

To conclude with the Farce of MAGIC TOYS. Valentine,
Miss Lydia Thomson.
Prices as usual. floors open at half-past 6, to commence at
7 Box-office open daily from 11 till 5.
London, England, 1861-08-22

T H E

F 0 R D,

B, OXFORD-STREET.

The architectural beauty, elegance of ornamentation, and
brilliancy of lighting of this noble building, render it one of
the sights of London. Open Every Evening. The pro-
gramme is varied, and includes Selections from "La Tra-
viat9," "Un Ballo in Maschera," &c., (by a full company of
principals. powerful band, and chorus). Solos by Miss Bryant
an the Piano Forte, and by Mr. Russell on the Trombone.
Old English Ballad, by Miss Green, Scotch Duets by the
Misses Stuart, and other vocal and instrumental music of the
highest order. Conductor, Mr. F. donghmans. The Comic
portion of the entertainment is supported by Messrs. M. P.
Foster (in his " Life Sketches"), Sam Collins, Harvey. and
French (the Nerves), E. Marshall, and W. Randall. Hall,
sixpence ; Balcony and Stalls, one shilling. Private Boxes,
10s. 6d.

HIGH WATER AT LONDON BRIDGE.
THLI DAY.—Morning, 311. sm.—Afternoon, 31i. 24m
To-monmow.-Morning, 311. 38m.—Afternoon, 3h. 54m,
London, England, 1861-08-22

THIS DAY'S SAIPPING.

LONDON, Aug. 22 —Wind this day at noon—North -
Westerly ; moderate breeze, and fine weather, but rather
cloudy.

SUNDERLAND, Aug. 20.—Wind N.W.—Arrived—Niger,
from Quebec.

QUEENSTOWN, Aug. 20.—Win3 S.W.—Arrived—Path•
finder, trom Pictow.

PORTSMOUTH, Aug. 21.—Wiad
Eurydice (Sardinian vessel of wail, from Genoa. Sailed—
Her Majesty's ship Megaera, for Eymouth.

PLYMOUTH, Aug. 21.—Wind S,W.—Sailed—Havannah
Packet.

PILL, Aug. 22.—Wind N.V.—Sailed—Louisa, for
Demerara; Groth, for New York; Eliza Young, for Cape
Breton.

CARDIFF, Aug. 21.—Wind W.3.W.—Sailed—Eva, for
Porto Rico.
REAL, Aug. 21.—Wind S.W.—Arrived —Hermington,
from Algoa Bay ; Independent, from New York ; Eucharis,
from Quebec for Chatham.
• CHATHAM, Aug. 21.—Wind S,W.—Arrived—Ganger
Rolf, from Quebec.

(BY ELECTP,IC TELEGRAPH.)
SOUTHAMPTON, Thursday Morning.
Arrived—Messenger, from ‘Vaterford ; Actiff, from Arch-
angel ; Havre, steamer, from Havre.
Sailed—Rhoda Jemima, for Swaaage; Hopewell, for
Portland ; Nancy, for Sunderland.

(BY SUBMARINE AND MAGNETIC TELEGRAPH.)
GRAVESEND, Thursday Morning.
Arrived, Aug: 21. —Zane Lawson, from Konigsberg;
Jannette, from Emden ; Thomsen, from Randers; Ivilling
Brodrene, from Aalborg; Felix, from Soderham.
Arrived, Aug. 22—Harrington, frem Al goa Bay; Istam-
boul, from Bombay ; Christina Maria, from Misted.
Sailed—lberia, steamer, for Oporto; Mow e, steamer, for
Bremen. _ _ _

.....••••
DEAL, Thursday Morning.
Passed—Progress, for New York; Ella Constance, for
Havre; Berbice, for Quebec; Agamemnon, for Calcutta—
all from London ; Merea, from Copenhagen, for Malabar.
Sailed—Nearly all outward bound.
London, England, 1861-08-22

A NTE RE UR Y HA LL CONCERTS,
ANI) FINE ARTS GALLERY.

Two Grand Selections from Operas, including UN BALLO
IN MASCHERA. arranged and conducted by Mr. Jong,h-
mans. Mr. Wood and his talented little Son. The extraor-
dinary comic duet, "The Nerves," by Harvey and French,
Mr. Marshall in " The Excursion to Brighton," "Selina
Sly," and "In the Park." And Miss Harriet Coveney Every
Evening.
Admission—Hall, 6d.; Stalls and Balcony, is.
London, England, 1861-08-22

Just published, price 25., free by post, 2s. 4d.,

ON
SPERMATORRHCEA.
By F. B. COURTENAY, M.R.C.S.E.,
And formerly Surgeon to the Metropolitan Infirmary for the
Cure of Strictures of the Urethra.

" The aim of the author is to present a common-sense vie*
of the Causes, Nature, Consequences, and Treatment of this
Disease, as also to free these questions from the Professional
Fallacies, the Popular Delusions, and the exaggerations of
Quackery by which they have hitherto been surrounded, to the
destruction of the health and happiness of thousands. Thew=
objects are discussed in a common-sense and highly practical
manner. "—M edical Circular.
London, England, 1861-08-22

RIIPTIIRES.--BY ROYAL LETTERS PATENT.

NITRITE'S MOO-MAIN LEVER TRUSS
(PERFECTED AND EXHIBITED IN THE GREAT
EXHIBITION of 1851), is allowed by upwards of Two
Hundred Medical Gentlemen to be the most effective
invention in the curative treatment of HERN I A.
The use of a steel spring, so often hurtful in its effects,
is here avoided—a soft bandage being worn round the
body, while the requisite resisting power is supplied by the
➢foc-Main Pad and Patent Lever, fitting with so much ease
and closeness that it cannot be detected, and may be worn
(luring sleep. A descriptive circular may be had, and the
truss, which cannot fail to fit, forwarded by post, on the cir-
cumference of the body, two inches below the hips, being
sent to the manufacturer,

Mr. WHITE, 228, Piccadilly.
A Single Truss, 165., 215., 265. 6d., and 31s. 6d. Postage, ls.
Doublo Truss, 31s. Bd., 425., and 525. 6d. Postage, is Bd.
An Umbilical Truss, 425. and 525.. 661. Postage, is. 10d.
Post-office Drders to be made payable to John White,'Post-
office, Piccadilly.

LASTIC STOCKINGS, KNEE-CAPS, &e., for
12J Varicose Veins and all cases of Weakness and Swelling 01
the Legs, Sprains, &c. They are porous, light in texture,
find inexpensive, and are drawn on like an ordinary stocking.
Price 4s. 6d., 7s. 6d., 10s., and 16s. each. Postage 6d.

JOHN WHITE, Manufacturer, 228,-Piccadilly.
London, England, 1861-08-22

REVIEWS OE THE WORK.

'Curtis on Manhood.- -This is a trul valuable waft, and
,hould be in the hands of young and old."—" Sunday Times,"
nd March, 18511.

"The author has conferred a great boon by publishing this
little work, in which is described the source of those diseases
which produce decline in youth or more frequently premature
old age."—" Daily Telegraph," March 27, 1.86 i%

4‘ This work, which for twenty years has stood the test of
professional criticism and empiri •al hostility, treats in aplain
anti sympathising manner on the various disqualifications
and impediments arising from nervous excitement and de
bility ; and to invalids suffering from youthful errors and
excesses it Nvil be found valuable and useful."—Record.

London : Published by J. Allen, 20, 'Warwick Lane, Patex-
nosttr-row Mann. Z 9, Carnhill.
Hours of Consultation-10 to 3 and 6to 8 ;
_Eundayss.lo till g.
London, England, 1861-11-07

MEAT MARKETS.

NEWGATB AND LEADENHALL. - Tho supplies of
meat to-day aro seasonably good, and the demand rules
steady, as follows :—Beef, from 2s Sd to 4s 2d; mutton,
36 4d to 4s 6d; lamb, Os t€. Os Od • veal, 3s 1041 to 4s 8d;
pork, 40s d to 5s 4d per 81bs to sink the offal.
SOUTHALL, Nov. 6. —Primo beasts, sheep, and pigs
commanded a steady sale, at full prices. Otherwise, trade is
heavy, as follows : Beef, from 3s 2d to 4s 10d ;
mutton, 3s 6d to 5s 6d ; lamb, Os Od to Os Od ; veal, 4s Od
to 4s 10d ; and pork, 4s Od to 5s Od per Blbs. by the
carcase.

ROMFORD, Nov. 6.—Tho supply of stock was moderate,
and the trade may be considered steady, as follows :
Beef, from 3s 4d to 5s Od ; mutton, 3s 6d to 5s 8d ;
lamb, Os Od to Os Od ; veal, 4s Od to 4s 8d ; pork, 4s Od
to 5s Od per 81bs ; suckling calves, 17s to 20s ; quarter old
store rigs, 22s to 30s each; and milch cows, £l6 Os to
£2O Os each.
London, England, 1861-11-07

METROPOLITAN CATTLE MARKET.

To-day's market was but scantily supplied with beasts,
chiefly in very middling condition. Prime breeds com-
manded a steady sale, at full quotations ; otherwise the beef
trade was in a sluggish state, on former terms. Sheep—
the supply of which was limited—were in good request, at
fully Monday's currency. The top quotation was 5s 8d
per 81bs. We have to report an active inquiry for calves,
at an improvement in value of from 2d to 4d per 81bs. The
best veal has realised 5s 4d per 81bs. Pigs were quite as
dear as on Monday ; but much cows were very dull.

Per 81b. to sink the offal.
s. d. s. d. , s. d. s. d
Crse. &inf. beasts 2 10 3 2 I Primecrs-wool do. 4 6 5 2
Second quality do. 3 4 3 10 Pme. S'thdown d 0.5 4 5 8
Prime large oxen 4 0 4 6 Largo orse. calves 4 2 4 8
Prime Scots, &c. 4 8 5 0 Prime small do 4 10 5 4
Crse. & inf. sheep 3 2 3 6 Large hogs 4 0 4 6
Second quality 410. 3 8 4 4 Small porkers , 4 8 5 2
_ _

Lambs, Os Od to Os Od.

Suckling calves, 22s to 31s; and quarter-old store pigs,
22s to 325.

TOTAL SUPPLY. i FOREIGN SUPPLY.
Beasts
Sheep and lambs.... 6,450 ' Sheep
Calves
Pigs 6OO Pigs
London, England, 1861-11-07

Kent and Co., Paternoster-row.

Just published, price 25., free by post, 2s. 4d.,
ON SPERMATORRH(EA.
By F. B. COURTENAY, M.R.C.S.E.,
And formerly Surgeon to the Metropolitan Infirmary for the
Cure of Strictures of the Urethra.

" The aim of the author is to present a common-sense view
of the Causes, Nature, Consequences, and Treatment of this
Disease, as also to free these questions from the Professional
Fallacies, the Popular Delusions, and the exaggerations of
Quackery by which they have hitherto been surrounded, to the
destruction of the health and happiness of thousands. These
objects are discussed in a common-sense and highly practical
manner."—Medical Circular.

London : 11. Bailliere. 219, Regent-street:
London, England, 1861-11-07

RIIPTURES.-BY ROYAL LETTERS PATENT.

WHITE'S MOC-MAIN LEVER TRUSS
(PERFECTED AND EXHIBITED IN THE GREAT
Txrffurnort or 1851), is allowed by upwards of Two
:Hundred Medical Gentlemen to he the most effective
invention in the curative treatment of ITEIINI A.
"The use of a steel spring, so often hurtful in its effects,
is here avoided—a soft bandage being worn round the
body, while the requisite resisting power is supplied by the
Moctain Pad and Patent Lever, fitting with so much ease
and closeness that it cannot be detected, and may be worn
during sleep. A descriptive circular may he had," and the
ti use, which cannot fail to fit, forwarded by post, on the cir-
cumference of the body, two inches below the hips, being
aunt to the manufacturer,
Mr. WHITE, 228, Piccadilly.
A Single Truss, 165., 215., 265. 6d., and Ms. 6d. Postage, ls.
Double Truss, 31s. 6d., 425., and 525. 6d. Postage, is Bd.
An Umbilical Truss, 425. and 525. fisl. Postage, Is. 10d.
Post-office Orders to be made payable to John White, Post-
office. Piccadilly.

'LASTIC STOCKINGS, KNEE-CAPS, &e., for
Varicose Veins and all cases of Weakness and Swellinz of
the Legs, Sprains, Ric. They are porous, light in texture,
and inexpensive, and are drawn on like an ordinary stocking.
Price 4s. 6d., 7s. 61, 10s., and 16s. each. Postage 6d.
London, England, 1861-11-07

MEAT MARKETS.

NEIVGATB AND LEADENHALL. - The supplies of
meat to-day are seasonably good, and the demand rules
steady, as follows :—Beef, from 2s 8d to 4s 2d; mutton,
3s 4d to 4s 6d ; lamb, Os to Os Od ; veal, 3s 10d to 4s 8d ;
pork, 40s d to 5s 4d per 81bs to sink the offal.

SOIITHALL, Nov. 6. Prime beasts, sheep, and pigs
commanded a steady sale, at full prices. Otherwise, trade is
heavy, as follows Beef, from 3s 2d to 4s 10d ;
mutton, 3s 6d to 5s 6d ; lamb, Os Od to Os Od ; veal, 4s Od
to 4s 10d ; and pork, 4s Od to 5s Od per 81bs. by the
carcase.

ROMFORD, Nov. 6.—The supply of stock was moderate,
and the trade may be considered steady, as follows :
Beef, from 3s 4d to 5s Od ; mutton, 3s 6d to 5s 8d ;
lamb, Os Od to Os Od ; veal, 4s Od to 4s 8d ; pork, 4s Od
to 5s Od per Sibs ; suckling calves, 17s to 20s ; quarter old
store pigs, 22s to 30s each; and milch cows, Ll6' Os to
£2O Os each.
London, England, 1861-11-07

customs, and their manufacturers are angry with
their Government for bringing the soldiers good
great-coats from Yorkshire, and not letting the poor
fellows die off of diarrhoea, rather than lessen the
demand for native shoddy ! Patriotism seems to go
to the extent of paying nothing down towards the
war, and wanting to job at the cost of the soldiers'
lives !
London, England, 1861-11-07

CONTRACT FOR COALS FOR ASCENSION.

Department of tly-it;torekeeper General of the Navy,
Sot'Jo:net Place, 31st Oct., 1861.
COMMISfSIONERS for EXECUTING the
OFFICE of Lf.tRD HIGH ADMIRAL of the UNITED
KINGDOM of GREAT BRITAIN and IRELAND, DO
-HEREBY GIVTeI NOTICE, That on TUESDAY, the lath
Nov. next, at Two o'Clock, they will he ready to treat with
such Persons, as may be willing to Contract for supplying
and delivering into store, at A,cension,
4,600 Tons of €OUTH WALES COALS,
fit for We service of her Majesty's Steam Vessels.
The 'Conditions of the Contract and a Form of the Tender
may 1-,e seen at the said Office.

Nc, Tender will be received after Two o'clock on the day
of treaty, nor will any be noticed unless the party attends,
er an agent for him duly authorised in writing.
Every Tender must be addressed to the Secretary of the
Admiralty, and }near in the left-band corner the words " Ten-
,t'er for Coals for Ascension!;" and must also be delivered at
Somerset-place. accompanied by a letter sunned by' two re-
sponsible persons, engaging to become bound with the Per-
son tendering, in the sum of £2,000, for the due performance
of the Contract. •

ITEATHF,R'S TRUST.—Under the manage-
ment of the Clothworkers' Company.—At the Court
to be holden on the 4th December next, this Company will
distribute to Six P3or Widows of decayed Housekeepers the
amount divisible under the above Trust, being about £_.B to
each. Printed forms of application may be obtained at the
'Company's Offices, Clothworkers' Hall, Mincing-lane. Lon-
don. The applicant must insert therein particulars relative
to her condition and circumstances, and name references from
whom information may be obtained for verifying the same.
The application, with Certificate of her Marri ire, and a Cer-
tificate or other proper proof of the Death of her Husband,
must he lett at the Compauy's Hall previously to the 23d
November inst, addressed to
ROBERT BECKWITH TOWSE, Clerk.
Clothworkers' Hall, November, 1861.

sz AU CF.—LEA AND PERRINS
P\-1 beg to caution the Public against Spurious Imitations of
their world-renowed
WORCESTERSHIRE SAUCE.
Purchasers should
ASX Eon LEA AND PE XILINS' SAUCE,
Pronounced by Connoisseurs to be
"THE ONLY GOOD SAUCE."
*.* riold Wholesale and for Fxport, by the Proprietors,
Wo,:cester ; MeFFTS. CROSSE and BLACKWELL, London,
(to. ac., and by Grocers and Oilmen universally.
London, England, 1861-11-07

Just published, price 2s. 6d. each, by post 2s. Sod.,
ATREATISE on DISEASES of the RECTUM,
PILES, FISTULA, and STRICTURE, giving the
result of improved treatment, successfully adopted in an ex-
tensive practice, without recourse to the knife, ligature, or
cauterization, but by the mildest and most simple means, yet
efficacious and permanent.
Also SKIN DISEASES and their REMEDIES, explain-
ing the method pursued at the Hospital St. Louis, Paris, for
those numerous diseases so prevalentin a high state of civili-
zation, as adopted by the Author.
By ROBERT J. JORDAN, M.D.. Licentiate of the Royal
College of Physicians, Edinburgh, Member of the Royal Col-
lege of Surgeons, England, &c., &c.
To be had direct from the Author, 29, George-street, Han-
over-square, W.
Hours of Consultation, from 11 to 4.'
London, England, 1861-11-07

SHEFFIELD—Nov. 5.

I The supply of wheat in bulk was small, but an averag
number of samples were shown. The market was mor
buoyant. Late prices maintained.
Red wheat, per lead of 3 imperial bushels 18s Od to 25s Od
Whito 9
23s 6d to 268 Od
9 99
New red l7s Od to 2Gs Od
9
' 2os Od to 24s Gd
Beans
New white „ 91, • • 188 Od to 19803
,t ~ •
548 Od to 55s Od
Peas, per qr 33s Od to 35s Od
Grinding barley, per qr. . '.............
Malting ditto, „ 37s Od to 40s Od
Oats
25s 6d to 31s Od
•.,
Millers' prices for flour-2s 2d, 2s 4d, and 2s Gd per
141 b.
London, England, 1861-11-07

ROYAL ENGLISH OPERA,
COVENT GARDEN.
Under the management of Miss Louisa Fyne and Mr. Wm.
Harrison, Sole Lessees.
THIS EVENING, THE MARRIAGE OF GEORGETTE.
Miss Thirlwall and Mr. A. Core.
After which, at Eight o'ctock, RAY BLAS. Miss Louisa
ryne, Mesdames Susan Pyne, Thirlwall, Jessie M•Lean ;
Messrs. Santley, A. St. Albyn, Patey, and W. Harrison.
Conductor, Mr. ALFRED MELLON.
Commence at Seven o'clock
The Box-office open from Ten to Five daily. No charge for
booking, or fees to Box-keepers,
Stage-Manager, Mr. Leigh Murray. Acting-Manager, Mr.
Edward Murray.
London, England, 1861-11-07

GREAT EASTERN STEAASHIP.

A writer in a contemporary says :—All the pub-
lished accounts of the disaster now in process of
investigation bear upon the face of them the fact,
that the Great. Eastern ran into the vortex of a cir-
cular storm, or cyclone ; and the " strong gale only"
which the Canada experienced, very far from being
an extraordinary circumstance, is exactly the
weather a vessel ought to have met with, travelling
on or near the outer circle of the same storm.
Now, the laws of these hurricanes have been laid
down and clearly defined. Their approach, their
track, and the other phenomena connected with
them are ascertainable by barometrical and other
indications, which warn the sailor of his danger,
ignorant
or enable him to avoid it, if he be not too
or too careless to profit by them. Messrs. Iteid,
Thom, Piddington, and others have devoted the
labours of years to the investigation
of this. branch
of meteorological knowledge ; Piddington's
Work on the " Law of Storms," the sailor's horn-
book (the study of which ought to be compulsory
on the captain of every ship in the British navy),
has brought this science within the comprehension
of the commonest seaman who is able to read. Had
the commander of the Great Eastern been practi-
cally acquainted with the law of storms, as there
laid down, she would have reached her destination
(as far as the disaster which prevented her is con-
cerned) in perfect safety ; for he would not have
ateered her into the centre of a storm, whose ap-
proach was anticipated and direction known. And,
I will add, that had she been altogether lost—as at
one time seemed too probable—she would have gone
down a sacrifice, with the lives of all OR board, to
that fatuous adherence to routine and repugnance
to study a (comparatively) new science, to which we
have already sacrificed so many thousands of vic-
tims in our mercantile navy.
Yet it is evident that an acquaintance with the
laws of storms—directly it is shown that those
laws lie within the sphere of knowledge—ought
to be an integral part of every sailor's educa-
tion. If Norie's " Navigation" is made an indis-
pensable text book in nautical examinations, why
should not a practical knowledge of the works of
such authors as those above named be absolutely
required ? It is not merely loss of property which
is involved in this question, but the preservation of
human life.
In conclusion, let me ask the shareholders of the
Great Eastern whether, the next time she puts to
sea, they will allow her to do so furnished with
every scientific appliance, and provision against
danger such as she has encountered, except an
adequate knowledge how to steer clear of it ? If
so, let them look to it ; for, in spite of new paddle-
wheels, a worse thing will certainly befal them than
a disaster from which, considering the magnitude
of the peril, they may be said to have come off
cheaply ; and the next time the Great Eastern is
caught in a cyclone, not a soul may escape alive to
tell the tale.
London, England, 1861-11-07

METEOROLOGICAL REPORTS.

This Day, i
1 etween 8 and B. E. M. D. F. C. L S.
9 a.m.
--
Nairn 2915 41 40 S.E. 4 9 o. 7
Aberdeen-- i 29'19 43 41 N.N.W. 3 9 o.- 2
Leith 129.27 41 38 N.W. 2 9 0. 1
Berwick 129.24 41 40 W.S.W. 1 4b. 1
Arirossan
Portrush
Shields
Galway 29'46 85 34 Calm 0 0 f. 0
Searborough 29'36 36 35 W.S.W. 2 1 b. 2
Liverpool 12942 40 39 S. 1 2 c. 1
Valentia. I 29'44 42 41 S.S.W. 2 4 5
Queenstown j 2944 39 38 N. 3 5 f. 1
Yarmouth 129•40 38 37 W. 3 1 in. 2
London I 294 J 40 38 W. S. W. 2 0 in. 0
Cover I 29'50 45 42 W 2 1 b. 1
Portsmouth
I Portland 129 49 47 44 W. 1 5 C. 2
relyntrizaonuceth :: : 129.46 143 41 N. W. 3 7 r. 2
W. 7 7 o. 2
EXPLANATION.—B. Barometer, corrected and reduced

EXPLANATION.—B. Barometer, corrected and reduced
to 32 deg at mean sea level ; each 10 feet of vertical rise
causing about 1-100th of an inch diminution, and each 10
deg above 32 deg causing nearly 3-100ths increase. E.
Exposed thermometer in shade. M. Moistened bulb (for
evaporation and dew-point). D. Direction of wind (true--
uot magnetic). F. Force (1 to 12—estimated). C. Cloud
(1 to 9). I. Initials :—b., blue sky; c., clouds (detached) ;
f., fog. ' • h., hail ; 1., lightning ; m., misty (hazy) ; 0.,
overcast (dull) ; r., rein; s., snow; t., thunder. A letter
repeated augments—thus, r.r., much rain. S. Sea disturb-
-ince (1 to 9).

FOREIGN HAIL PACKET LIST.

MAILS DUE.

Australia and Mauritius, via Southampton Nov. 18.
via Marseilles Nov. 12.
Brazil and Cape Verds, by British packet. Dec. 4.
Cape of Good Hope, Ascension, and St. Helena Dec. 2.
China, Penang, and Singapore, via Southampton Nov. 18.
via Marseilles Nov. 12.
Falkland Islands
Gibraltar, via Southampton .... Nov. 10.
India (Calcutta), and Ceylon, via Southampton Nov. 18.
via Marseilles Nov. 12.
India (Bombay), via Southampton Nov. 10.
via Marseilles Nov. 20.
Lisbon Nov 11.
Malta, Egypt, and Aden, via Southampton Nov. 10.
via Marseilles Nov. 12.
Newfoundland Nov. 13.

Oporto and Vigo . Nov. 11.
U. S. and British N. America, by Brit. packet .. .. Nov. 13.
by U.S. packet....
by Canadian packet. Nov. 6.
W.C. of Africa, Madeira, and Teneriffe Nov. 10.
Bahamas, via New York Nov. 21.
Mexico .... Nov. 28.
All parts of West Indies, including Chili, Peru,
J Nov. 13.
California,and British Columbia..
London, England, 1861-11-07

jri T E N NV 6.

SOUTHAMPTON, Nov. 7.
The Hamburg and American Company's steamer
Saxonia, which sailed for New York this morning,
took £10,200 in specie flom England, and 113,000 f.
from Havre, and a large cargo of general mer-
chandise.

The Peninsular and Oriental Company's steamer
Alhambra, sailing at 2 p.m. to-day for Lisbon, will
take 533,000 in specie.
London, England, 1861-11-07

THE SUN, LONDON, THURSDAY EVENING, NOV°E REF r 7, 1861.

tors can do better than to consider well Captain
TYLER'S able suggestions. He concludeshis remarks
as follows—the extract speaks for itself and needs
no comment :—" Upon the whole, I conceive that for
the safe working of any double-line tunnel or sec-
tion of railway, six telegraph-needles are re-
quired for the use of each signalman if he
signals to other men on both sides of him, and
three if he signals with a colleague on one side only.
Of these needles one should be employed for each
line of rails solely as a signal, and one, with a tele-
graph bell attached, to describe a train as it ap-
proaches, to ask leave for it to pass, to receive the li
reply, and to communicate in other ways. It is of
importance also, though these may at first sight
seem to be trivial matters, that the instruments
should be placed in the signalman's hut, so as to face
the directions in which they are intended to com-
municate, three on one side and three on the other, if
the signalman has a telegraph station on each side
of him ; that the up line needle also should be
placed on the up side, and the down-line needle on
the down side ; that the train instruments should
be marked only ' line clear' and ' line blocked,
and the former on the left, the latter on the
right, or vice versa, but all in the same man-
ner; and that the talking instruments should be
marked with letters and figures in the usual
way, as well as with any private signals which
the signalmen are intended to employ. Any
signalman entering any hut then sees at once
what work every instrument and every needle
has to do ; and he is quite ready to take any other
signalman's place at any moment. Further, the
signalman should have clocks and record books, for
entering the time of each train as it is signalled, to
them, past them, and from them ; and they should
be stationed in convenient huts, with cottages near
them, that each man may have the means of calling
up the man with whom he takes alternate duty, if
it should become necessary for him to do so. Minor
details of this description, though they are of great
importance to the public safety, receive but little
attention, and there is great need of improvement
in these respects in all parts of the country."
London, England, 1861-11-07

EVERY EVENING.

Auber's New Comic Opera, " LA CIRCASSIENNE," and
Verdi's new grand opera, " Simonßoecanegra," by the entire
Company. Balfe's new ballads by Miss Russell and Madame
E derssohn (composed expressly for them). Mr. Levy's
Solos on the Cornet-a-piston, and varied Comic Entertain-
ments by Miss Harriet Coveney, Messrs. W. Randall, Harvey
and French (The Nerves), E. Morahan, and SAM COWELL.
Hall, 6d. ; Balcony and Stalls, is ; Private Boxes, 10s. ed.
London, England, 1861-11-07

THAMES.

THE ANCIENT GOLD WATCH.--Thomas Blake, alias
" the Sneak," a cognomen not misplaced, for the prisoner
appeared a sneaking looking fellow, and described as a
cleaner, aged 21, was charged with stealing a gold watch
and chain, value 20 guineas, the property of Frederick
Yates, a bricklayer, of White's-rents, Limehouse.
On the 15th of October last the prosecutor and the pri-
soner were lodging at the house of Mrs. Harriett Hugon,
of No. 51, Ropemaker's-fields, Limehouse. They slept in
the same room on the night of the 15th. The prisoner got
up at an early hour on the morning of the 16th, and im-
mediately left the house. The prosecutor rose a few
minutes afterwards and missed a gold watch, with
small chain attached, which he had laid on a table
in the room before he went to bed. The watch was
an ancient one which the prosecutor's father gave him 12
years ago. It originally cost 20 guineas. The prisoner
was not seen again until last night, and he was then met
in Salmon-lane, Limehouse, by police-constable Smith,
No. 76, who said, " I charge you with stealing a gold
watch, the property of a young man in Ropemaker's-fields,
Limehouse." The prisoner immediately said, "I am
guilty." A bundle containing two shirts were found upon
him, and he is strongly suspected to have stolen them from
some house where ho had been lodging.
Mrs. Hagen said the prisoner lodged in her house for
three weeks, and that on the night of the 15th of October,
he borrowed a shill* of her to buy food, and said he was
out of work and in great distress.
The prisoner was remanded for a week.
London, England, 1861-11-07

TILE PRICE OF GOLD

. The quotation of goki-----.--
at Paris is about 2 per mille prem.,and the short exchange
es on London is 25.5 J per £1 sterling.
with the English Mint price of £3
about 3-10ths per cent.
17s. 10. per ounce for stand gold, it appears that gold is
dearerrdin London than in Paris.
By advices
and the short frexchange on Lon om g
Hamburg the
of gold is .1 a 4 per mark,
orince
Standard gold at the English Mint Pace 13.71 Per .£1 sterlingi
in Hamburg.
ih-a7e ls, therefore, about
2-10ths per cent dearer in London
I,cNinhiLehondon for bills at
The course of exchange at New Yor
00 days' sight is 1074 to 1071 per cent.
ma,
kabinows that the
gyred
with the Mint par between the two countries, when comP
, the present
exchange is against England. But, after
for loss of interest and charges of transport, e present
price leaves no profit on sending gold to the United States.

A FRENCH BOAR.—For many years a wild boar
of large size did great damage in the woods of Chev na
Loir-et-Cher, and all attempts to kill it had not only ;ailed
but it had ripped up many of the dogs which attacked it.
A few days back the Marquis de Vibraye got up a grand
battue in the woods, and after a long chase the boar was
shot dead. His weight was 3681b5.
Large purchases of grain continue to be made
at Odessa, but the arrivals in France lately have been so
large that some wheat is about to be re-exported from Mar-
seilles to this country.
THE GREAT RUNNING MATCH IN PARIS.—We
are requested to state that M. Gambiere has paid and Cap-
tain IV. 11. Patten-Saunders receives the half-forfeit (2,500 f.)
The extraordinary time in which the latter gentleman ac-
complished his two miles on Saturday completely paralyzed
the betting, and M. Gambiere, at the advice of his friends,
declared forfeit at 3 pan, on Wednesday.
London, England, 1861-11-07

RGYLL ROOMS.-GREAT SUCCESS !!-
- The Band and Musical arrangements sander the direc-
tion of M. BOULCORT, Conductor and principal Cornet. In
4 ddition to the Laurent Valse, Strauss quadrille, and novel-
ties of last week, A NEW POLKA, by M. Boulcourt, the
,80Tos performed by him and M. Greebe. Admission ls.--
Manager, M. P. Grenet.

OYAL FREE HOSPITAL, for the Destitute
4, Sick, Gray's-inn-road.—Earnest Appeal.—Owing to
a-a unexpected delay in the payment of a considerable legacy,
9n which the Committee relied, this Hospital is left without
immediate funds. As the period is rapidly approaching; when
It a resources are always severely tested, the Committee make
;in earnest APPEAL to the public benevolence for means to
enable them to carry on the charity.
Contributions are received by the Treasurer, Edward Mas-
i erman, Esq., Nicholas-lane; also by Messrs. Coutts and Co. ;
Drummond and Co.; Herries and Co. ; Ransom and Co.;
Prescott, Grote, and Co. ; Smith, Payne, and Co. ; Glyn and
Co. ; Jones Loyd and Co. ; Barclay and Co. ; Denison and
Co. ; Williams, Deacon, and Co. ; Overend, Gurney, and Co.;
Nisl,et and Co., Berners-atreet ; J. Barned and Co , Liver-
pool; and at the Hospital.
STANFORD S. SMITH, Sec.
London, England, 1861-11-07

as follows—the extract speaks for itself and needs
no comment :—" Upon the whole, I conceive that for
the safe working of any double-line tunnel or sec-
tion of railway, six telegraph-needles are re-
quired for the use of each signalman if he
signals to other men on both sides of him, and
three if he signals with a colleague on one side only.
Of these needles one should be employed for each
line of rails solely as a signal, and one, with a tele-
graph bell attached, to describe a train as it ap-
proaches, to ask leave for it to pass, to receive the
reply, and to communicate in other ways. It is of
importance also, though these may at first sight
seem to be trivial matters, that the instruments
should be placed in the signalman's hut, so as to face
the directions in which they are intended to com-
municate, three on one side and three on the other, if
the signalman has a telegraph station on each side
of him; that the up•line needle also should be
placed on the up side, and the down-line needle on
the down side; that the train instruments should
be marked only line clear' and ' line blocked,
and the former on the left, the latter on the
right, or vice versa, but all in the same man-
ner; and that the talking instruments should be
marked with letters and figures in the usual
way, as well as with any private signals which
the signalmen are intended to employ. Any
signalman entering any hut then sees at once
what work every instrument and every needle
has to do; and he is quite ready to take any other
signalman's place at any moment. Further, the
signalman should have clocks and record books, for
entering the time of each train as it is signalled, to
them, past them, and from them ; and they should
be stationed in convenient huts, with cottages near
them, that each man may have the means of calling
up the man with whom he takes alternate duty, if
it should become necessary for him to do so. Minor
details of this description, though they are of great
importance to the public safety, receive but little
attention, and there is great need of improvement
in these respects in all parts of the country."