The Sun.
London, England, 1861-02-19 00:00:00

(Translated copy.)

Office of the Minister of State for Foreign Affairs,
Palacio Nacional, Jan. 15, 1861.
Dear Sir,—The revolution is finished. After the defeat
of Martinet and the taking of Guadalajara, the constitu-
tional army, under the command of his Excellency Don
Jesus Gonzales Ortega, marched upon the capital of the
republic, where the rebel band, making a supreme effort,
concentrated the greatest possible force, and even succeeded
in surprising the brigade, which, as part of the vanguard,
was in Toluca, under the command of his Excellency Don
Felipe Berrcozabol, who was wounded and made prisoner,
jointly with Degollado and Farias.
Inspirited by this triumph, their chief, Miramon, deter-
mined to advance with a force of 7,000 men and 40 pieceg of
artillery, and give battle to the army expected from the in-
terior. On the 21st both armies came in sight of each
other, and on the morning of the 22d that of the Reaction-
ary party was completely routed, leaving in the hands of
our victorious army all their troops, train, and even money.
Miramon and Marquez arrived alone at Mexico. The city
contained about 2,000 men in garrison, which made any
defence impossible. A Junta determined to surrender the
place to Signor Degollado, and the Spanish Ambassador,
tho French Minister, and General Ayestaran went out to
confer about its capitulation. In the meanwhile it was
thought that Miramon, with part of the garrison, would
wait at Puebla the result of the conference, but the strong
Constitutional force had obstructed all the outlets from
Mexico, and the result of the conference being that they
were unable to give the guarantees demanded by the Reac-
tionary chief, he and others of his most famous accomplices
evacuated the city, taking with them some thousand men,
who, being pursued and disbanded, left in the hands of their
pursuers their small train of artillery, consisting of two
light pieces.
On the 25th, in the midst of the most complete jubilee,
Senor Gonzalez Ortega entered the capital, and on the 27th
the small garrison of Puebla pronounced in our favour.
The revolution is completely terminated, and gloriously,
without prejudicial influences, and, what is more, without
disorder, without violence, and without the revenges com-
mon to all revolutions, and no crime has been committed
to impair so splendid a triumph.
The Supreme Government promptly called to the capital
is arranging at present to act firmly, with strict justice, and
to advance in the way of reform. From this day forward
the law, and only the law, will be the grand principle by
which the public liberty and independence and the future
destinies of the Mexican nation will be upheld—that nation
which has known to conquer, palm by palm, the rights re-
presented by the Constitution I

I have now informed you of all that has passed, and from
your patriotism it is expected that you will give the greatest
publicity, endeavouring to rectify the public mind abroad,
and convince every one that at last Mexico has achieved a
real and durable peace.
I beg to assure you of my appreciating, &c.

In the absence of the Minister,
JUAN DE DIOS ARIAS, Secretary.

To the Mexican Consul,
Don James L. Hart, &c., London.

MEXICO, JAN. 17

The reply of Mr. Murphy, the Mexican Minister in
London, to my communication of the 15th of October, was
written at a most unfortunate moment for that gentleman.
It bears date the 13th November, and only four days sub-
sequently the outrage upon the British Legation and the
robbery of the bondholders' money, noticed in my letter of
the 17th November, took place. This, in conjunction with
the outrages committed on Messrs. Pitman and Davis at
San Louis Fotosi, on Mr. Newell at Zacatecas, with the
imprisonment and all but murder of George Silley, and the
murder of Dr. Duval at Tambaya, are apt illustrations of
the truth of Mr. Murphy's assertion, that " the Mexican
Government will adhere to what is due to British subjects
in Mexico, according to international law and existing
treaties, whether there be near it or not a representative of
her Britannic Majesty's Government." If the mere asser-
tion of Mr. Murphy, that he never on any occasion, whether
official or private, held out the threat that he " would not
answer for the lives or property of Englishmen if the British
Legation were withdrawn," is to be accepted as a denial of
a charge founded upon reliable information and supported
by general reputation, all I ask of the British public is to
test tho truth of one assertion by the actual falsehood of the
other. It is to be regretted that Mr. Murphy has not con-
descended to expose the " absurdity and monstrosity" of my
other statements. The cases of Mr. Landon, of the poor
mechanic at the theatre, and the unfortunate woman flogged
to death for attempting to effect the escape of her husband,
may, perhaps, induce him to throw off his reserve; until
then I leave him to enjoy the triumph he has achieved.
Since my last we have enjoyed the most profound tran-
quillity in the capital. Vicario, however, still holds out, with
a force of about 2,000 men in the neighbourhood of Ygnalia,
and Mejia has managed to scrape together 1,000 men, and
is now reported to be in the neighbourhood of San Luis.
With energy and activity these two chiefs might easily bo
disposed of, and it is to be hoped the present Government
will not allow these forces to exist as a nucleus for another
revolution. President Juarez entered Mexico on the 11th,
and in the outset initiated measures which, if promptly
carried out, would have ensured the tranquillity
of the republic for some time to come. The leaders of the
Church faction were to be summarily tried and punished
wherever they were taken, and, as parties were in full pur-
suit of Miramon and Marques, and Diaz had been actually
captured, strong hopes were entertained that these throe,
the most obnoxious of the party, would have been secured
and prevented from doing any further mischief. However,
it now appears that counter orders have been sent, and it is
even asserted that an exile of five years will be the punish-
ment inflicted upon these men. _ _

The expulsion of Senor Pacheco, the Spanish Ambassa-
dor, the Pope's Nuncio, the Charge d'Affaires at Guatemala,
and the Minister of Ecuador, has been officially announced,
and the following is the notification sent to Senor Pacheco :
—" His Excellency the Constitutional President ad interim
cannot regard you but as one of the enemies of his Govern-
ment for the services you have rendered the usurpers who
have occupied this city for the last three years. For this he
orders that you depart from this and the republic without
unnecessary delay. His Excellenc?the President respects
Spain, as he does all other friendly nations, but your sojourn
in the republic can no longer continue. The consideration
which moves his Excellency to this resolution is therefore
purely personal." There can be no doubt that the Liberal
Government are perfectly warranted, and only exercise a
sound discretion in getting rid of Senor Pacheco. He has
ever proved himself the unflinching partizan of the Church
faction, and was undoubtedly the means of keeping them
in power much longer than they could have stood by their
own unaided strength. In what light Spain will view this
expulsion remains to be seen. She will be wise to pocket
the affront. The decree nationalising the Church property
has now been published throughout the republic, but the
hasty manner in which it has been drawn up and the reck-
less manner in which it is likely to be administered does not
hold out great hopes to the foreign creditor.
A most melancholy occurrence has just taken place at
Tosco, by which Mr. Bodmer, her Majesty's Vice-Consul
at that place, has fallen a victim to the brutality of some
troops under the order of Vicario. While endeavouring to
save a prisoner whom these demons were torturing, he was
shot through the lungs, and expired a few hours afterwards.
He was much and deservedly respected, and leaves a widow
with four or five children to deplore his loss.
Mr. Mathew yesterday sent in his ultimatum with re-
spect to the seizure of the money restored to the English
proprietors in the conducts, by Garza, at Tampico; he de-
mands the payment of the amount within. 65 days, an