The Sun.
London, England, 1861-12-25 00:00:00

THE RAND,' IN TURKEY.

A letter from Constantinople, dated Dec. 13, says
The panic of which I informed you in a few hurried
lines on the 11th has, as I then anticipated, sub-
sided, and the exchange, which on that day actually
reached 400 piasters to the pound sterling, is now
at 250 piasters—such, at least, were the closing
prices in Galata this evening. The Communication
du Gouvernment, of which the following is a trans-
lation, “ppeared in all the papers of the place on
the 12th :
" A number of persons greedy of gain, anti with-
out conscience, accustomed to profit by the differ-
ence of price that exists between the caime and the
metallic currency, assemble in certain khans of
Constantinople and Galata, and propagate every
sort of rumour, asserting that the Imperial Govern-
ment has modified its primary decisions concerning
the caime. In this way they agitate the public
mind and compromise all transactions. These Khans
and places of assembly have been closed, and it has
been decided that all persons participating in the
propagation of false reports, and who thus compro
wise the f )rtune and the tranquillity of the public,
shall be arrested and severely punished.
" As the public is already aware, measures have
been taken by the Government for the maintenance
of the credit of the paper-money.
"The capital in specie destined to this end is
formed by the successive arrivals of metallic. This
capital is deposited in the hands of the commission
ad hoc to be applied to the carrying out of those
measures.
" In conformity with the reiterated orders of his
Imperial Majesty our august Sovereign, his Govern-
ment is now concerting measures calculated to pro-
tect the fortune of every individual. Consequently
the public should continue to follow its ordinary
occupations, and should not lend its ear to the in-
sinuations of stockholders."
It would be of li tle avail now to discuss the
question of the immediate cause of the panic. In
addition to the rumours which I mentioned in my
last letter, there were many others afloat. It was,
for instance, positively asserted that Fuad Pasha
had declined the office of Grand Vizier, and had
declared himself independent in Syria. Another
report was that the Sultan had been poisoned. A
third, which was maintained with the greatest per
sistency, declared that the Government had aban-
doned its project for the circulation of caime in the
provinces, having come to tilt- conclusion that it was
impracticable. Impracticable in its present state
it most assuredly is; and, notwithstanding the lan-
guage of the Communication du G ouvernment, I
shall doubtless before long have to notify to you " a
modification of its primary decision concerning the
caime," though there is no reason why such modifi-
cation should inspire alarm.
In the Journal de Constantinople of to-day there
is an article said to be from the pen of Aali Pasha.
It of course attributes the panic to the intrigues of
the Galata money dealers—as if they alone, and
not the Government, had brought the country to
such a pass as to render occurrences like that of
Wednesday last possible. It, moreover, sins against
the commonest dictates of prudence and of truth;
of prudence when it proclaims that the Government
has kept no accurate account of the monthly
issues of caime, and that it has suspended the
emission of that paper money until such accounts
shall have been prepared, and only (we are there-
fore to presume) until then; against truth
when it roundly asserts that the rise in the ex-
change is not owing "to the quantity of paper
money, of which there was twice as much in 1858,
before the London loan when the pound was at
163." It is matter of absolute certainty, and there
is not a banker in the place who does not know it,
that while in 1858 there were 600,000,000 piastres
of caime there is now a very much larger quantity
in existence, and that, instead of the present
amount being only one-half of the above figures, it
would be far less inaccurately stated as half as much
again. Hence it is that when there was no panic
at all the exchange has lately stood at about 240
piastres to the pound sterling, or, in other words,
that the paper money has been at nearly 130 per
cent. discount. In other respects, however, it must
be admitted the article iu question is reassuring;
for it declares that the Government is at length con-
vinced of one wholesome truth—viz., that publicity
and not concealment is the surest means of inspir-
ing confidence in the public mind, and that on that
path it is about to enter. Publicity is to be the
order of the day :—" publicity in all its measures ;
publication of all the sales, adjudications, farmings,
bargains, and contracts of the Treasury ; publica-
tion of the expenditure, publication of the revenue,
publication of the Budgets of the State, whatever
may be the amount of the deficit by which they
have to be balanced ; publicity given to the sittings
of the Councils of Control, to the Minutes of the
Commission of Redemption (of caime), and to the
labours of the foreign Commissions whose know-
ledge has been called in aid. Confidence for con-
fidence." Should this programme be honestly car-
ried out there will be small reason indeed to regret
the events of Wednesday last, which seem to have
frightened the Ministers of the Sultan into their
senses. Another paragraph of the article, which
says, "new means are about to be taken to increase
the amount of specie in the Caisse d'Amortissement,
and to render the commencement of its functions
perhaps immediate," appears to justify an assertion,
very generally believed, that, on being informed of
the state of things by his Minister, the Sultan at
once determined to send his plate and jewels to the
Commission for the redemption of the caime,
To-day's bulletin of the Levant Herald states

that at an interview with the Minister of Foreign
Affairs, at which Kiamil Pasha was also present, Sir
Henry Bulwer suggested "a means of relief within

the immediate power of the Government, and cal-
culated to afford a simple and effective solution of
the whole caime problem." May this new financial
bantling of his Excellency's not share the fate of its
numerous predecessors!

Haviar Khan and all the money-changers' shops
remain closed by order of the Government, and it is
intimated that they are only to be reopened on
their occupants giving security for future good con-
duct. If by this be meant that they are to enter

into recoguisances for the prevention of similar
occurrences, their establishments are likely to con-
tinue shut up for some time to come.
Whatever mistakes Government may have made
in its mode of proceeding in other respects, it is
very generally admitted that it acted with prompt-
ness and energy at a somewhat critical moment.

At many of the bakers' shops bread, which had
been selling at 3 and 4 piastres the oke in the morn-

ing, rose to 10, 12, and 15 piastres, at midday ; and
shot tly afterwards theso arid many other shops
were closed. People became seriously alarmed, and
in one or two paces bakers' shops were forcibly re-
opened, and one was pillaged. Alatters had just
reached the point at which it is easy for a few ruf-
fians to convert such trifling disturbances of the
peace into a serious riot, when strong patrols of
troops appeared in all the streets where any danger
was apprehended. The police also took immediate

measures for the reopening of the bakers' shops
under their protection, and for the making of the

greatest possible quantity of bread. On-the fol
lowing day one or two of the largest bakers com

menced selling at the prices which were current
before the panic, and many persons seconded their

efforts by giving bread to the poor; 500 loaves were
thus distributed yesterday by Lady Bulwer at the

British Embassy.
Letters from Beyrout state that the vessel sent
for F'iad Pasha had arrived, and that his Excel-

loncy had gone to Damascus to make final arrange
ments for the administration of affairs after his de-

par •
ture There is reason to believe that he is now
on his way from Beyrout to Constantinople, and
that he will arrive in two or three days' time. Yusuf
Hey Karam was still in confinement, awaiting his
trial on a charge of inciting his people to the late
disturbances in the Kesrouan.

it appears, the greatest discontent pre-
vails, and it
t
In
seems to be the general opinion that
Egypt,a
Said Pasha has for a long time biden doing his
utmost to ruin the country. It is even said here
that there is imminent danger of an outbreak in
that country, having for its object the forcible re-
moval of the Viceroy.
The firman sanctioning the union of the Princi-
palities of Wallachia and Moldavia has been de-
spatched to Prince Couza.
Lord Hobart and Mr. Foster took leave of the
Sultan on Tuesday last, prior to their departure
from Constantinople on the following day.

Nottingham S
Derby Spring 6

Northampton
Croxton Park 4
Epsom Spring
Ponteland

New►narket F S
Chester Spring
York Spring

Epsom Summer 3
Chelmsford ... 11
Manchester

NOVEI
Worcester
Hereford

Liverpool S ll
Shrewsbury S

Newmarket C 2l
Catterick bridge
Thirsk 29

Salisbury
Bath
Harpenden 3O
NE.

Ascot
Newcastle
Hampton
[BEA.

Liverpool ... l2
Shrewsbury

His Excellency Lieut.-General Baron Moltke,
Lieutenant-Colonel von Obernitz. the Count Furstenstein,
and Captain von Leucedon, have left Maurigy's Hotel, for
Berlin.

Mr. and Lady Mary Craven are passing the
season at Melton Mowbray.
Secretary Sir George Grey left town yesterday
for Highworth.

The Chancellor of the Exchequer left London
yesterday for Hawarden Castle, Chester.
SOUTHAMPTON, Tuesday.—His Royal Highness
the Prince of %Vales, attended by Major-General the Hon.
R. Bruce (Governor) and Captain Grey (Equerry in Wait-
ing) embarked from the docks at 1 o'clock to-day, in the
the Royal yacht Fairy, Commander Christian, for Osborne.
Their Royal Highnesses the Duke de Brabant and the
Count de Flandres, attended by Count de Lannoy and
Major B urnell, accompanied the Prince of Wales. Colonel
Francis Seymour, C. 8., came over from Osborne to receive
the Royal party. The three Princes were received, on their
arrival, by Mr. P. Hedger and Mr. J. Levy, principal offi-
cers of the Dock Company, and Mr. R. Beach was also in
attendance on the part of the South-Western Railway
Company. His Royal Highness the Prince of Wales ap-
peared very careworn, and suffering severely. The Belgian
Princes, on arrival at Osborne, will take leave of her Ma-
jesty, and leave immediately for Belgium.
THE FUNERAL OF THE PRINCE CONSOUT.—Allu-
skin was made yesterday to the manner in which the day of
the Prince Consort's funeral was kept in the chief towns of
England. It was observed with no less solemnity in places
of minor importance. A special service was performed at
Canterbuty, in the cathedral, which was attended by the
Mayor and Corporation and a great assemblage of the citi-
zens. The sermon was preached by Dean Alford. At Lin-
coln the rifle volunteers went in procession to hear service
in St. Peter's Church, and muffled peals were tolled from
the cathedral towers. The Mayor and Town-council of Nor-
wich, attended by the volunteer corps connected with the
city, the Norfolk mounted corps, and a part of the Yarmouth
artillery, marched in procession to the cathedral, where an
impressive discourse was preached b 3 the bishop of the dio-
cese. At Llandaff the cathedral was crowded, volunteers
being present to the number of 600. An appropriate dis-
course was there also preached by the bishop. The service in
the Cathedral at Rochester was very impressive. At Chat-
ham and Woolwich, in accordance with Admiralty orders,
minute guns were fired during the afternoon ; but in con-
sequence of the necessity of hastening preparations for war
the workmen in the dockyards had no kolyday. No minute
guns were fired at Southampton and Portsmouth in conse-
quence of orders that there should be no discharge of large
ordnance within hearing of her Majesty at Osborne. At
Edinburgh all business was suspended during the hours of
the funeral, and prayer meetings were held in the churchel-
The Royal standard at the Castle hung half-mast high, and
60 minute guns were fired from the batteries. Nearly all
the literary, academical, medical, legal, mercantile, eccle-
siastical, and municipa, bodies in the city have held or have
called meetings for the purpose of preparing addresses of
condo] ence to her Majesty. Several county meetings have
been called for the same object. In the other Scotch towns
the day of the funeral was observed in a similar manner.
The city council of Manchester and the town council of
Nottingham yesterday voted addresses of condolence to her
Majesty.

FALL OF A HOUSE.—Yesterday morning, about
3 o'clock, a sad calamity happened at Nelson-court, a
wretched place leading out of the High-street, Poplar, in
which there are several dilapidated houses. pne of these
was occupied by a poor labourer, named Richard Cogan,
aged 60, his wife Margart t, 58, and their two daughters,
Mary Ann, aged 12, and Ellen, aged 11 years. They slept on
one bed, the parents at the top and their children at the
bottom. The family went to bed soon after 11 o'clock last
night; at 3 o'clock a loud crash was heard, and the neigh-
bours on repairing to the spot, found the house a shapeless
mass of ruins. A wild scene of excitement followed among
the Irish who live in the court. In a short time Inspec-
tor Beare, of the K division, and a numerous body
of policemen arrived on the spot, and soon cleared
away the rubbish. Cogan and his wife were found
quite dead, They appeared to have been killed in bed
and while asleep. The eldest daughter was brought out of
the ruins in a dying state. Inspector Beare and his men,
with the greatest alacrity, made her fast to a stretcher, on
which she was conveyed to the Poplar Hospital. On her
arrival there, however, the medical officers of the institu-
tion pronounced her to be dead. The youngest daughter,
Ellen, whose escape was miraculous, although severely in-
jured, was doing well yesterday evening. The calamity is
attributable to the falling of an old wall against the house,
which was a kind of " lean-to," quite unfit for the habita-
tion of human beings. In fact, the sad catastrophe was
long since anticipated, and the building ought to have been
long since removed. It belonged to a person residing in
Hackney, who drew a rental of ls. per week from the
Cogans. There are plenty of similar tenements in the
neighbourhood of Poplar.
THE CASE OF PARRICIDE AT BIRMINGHAM.—At
the Public-office at Birmingham, yesterday, before Mr.
Elynnersley, James Miliward was brought up on the charge
of shooting his father, as already described in Tits 6'141.4
The evidence adduced was much the same as at the inquest.
The prisoner was committed for trial on a charge of man-
slaughter.

SOUTHAMPTON, Tuesday.—The North German
Lloyd's screw steamer Bremen, Ct-pt. H. Wessels, arrived
this morning from Bremen, and sails hence for New York
on Christmas day, with mails, passengers, and a full gene-
ral cat go.

ANOTHER FATAL CRINOLINE ACClDENT.—Yes-
terday afternoon Mr. Raffles Walthew, the deputy-coroner,
held an inquest at the London Hospital, respecting the
death of Sarah Williams, aged 31 years, the wife of a
tailor's cuttsr, in the service of Messrs. Moses and Com-
pany, wholesale clothiers, of Canon-street East, City. On
Saturday evening last the deceased, while in the act of
reaching a piece of paper which was behind a picture hang-
ing over the mantelpiece, her dress ignited, and she im-
mediately became enveloped in flames. She ran screaming
down the staircase and was followed by a lodger, when the
flames were with difficulty extinguished, but not until her
body and limbs were fearfully blackened and charred.
She was placed in a cab and removed t o the hospital, where
she shortly afterwards expired. The deceased had on at
the time of the sad occurrence a very large crinoline petti-
coat. The deputy-coroner remarked on the dangerous
practice of such decorations, when the jury returned a
verdict of " Accidout4l death,"