The Sun.
London, England, 1861-01-04 00:00:00

70 SUN, LONDON, FRIDAY EVENING, JANUARY 4, 1861.

it (otherwise than merely in name) as the m,val
ber
for Stroud.

The Stroud electors, by the resolution they I
have now carried against Mr. HORSMAN, after
mature deliberation, have declared in so many
words, as we have seen, that that right hon. gentle-
man no longer represents them inParliament. By
his absolute refusal now to yield to the extremely
urgent request for his resignation, Mr. HORSMAN
tells them, to all intents and purposes, in so many
words, that if he no longer represents them. he is
determined to mis-represent them in Parliament !
His resolve not to resign as requested, really and
truly, amounts to that. And whenever any mem-
ber, no matter who that member may be, impor-
tant or unimportant, gifted or the revenue,
stands up before the House in that anomalous
and, as one might say, even ridiculous position—
his character is lowered before Parliament, his
opinions are depreciated in value, his support or
his opposition in debate come to be looked down
upon by all parties, or sections of parties, with
comparative indifference. We say this without
any reference to the merits of the misunderstand-
ing between a member of the House of Commons
and his constituents. For our own part, we write
thus of the particular squabble which has occurred
between Mr. HORSMAN and the Stroud electors with
the utmost possible impartiality. For we cannot
but remember in regard to this their contention,
that our views have been in a very great measure
coincident with those expressed by Mr. HORSMAN,
and in direct opposition to those maintained
in opposition to him by the majority of the electors
Who sent him to Parliament as their representative.
Mr. HORSMAN'S contempt for the " poor Little Bill"
for Parliamentary Reform introduced by Lord
JOHN RUSSELL last year only to be withdrawn—
Mr. HORSMAN'S incredulity as to the excellence of
that vaunted Commercial Treaty with France,
whether viewed in the interest of Peace or in those
of Free Trade—Mr. HORSMAN'S opposition to the
abolition of the Paper Duties during a time of
deficit, as, to say the least of it, a proceeding in
every particular most ill advised and inopportune
—Mr. HORSMAN'S still more resolute opposition,
if that were possible, to the continuance, and, still
more, to the increase of the Income Tax, and that
too (of all years!) in 1860, and that, moreover, by
(of all Financiers !) the Right Hon. W. E. GLAD-
STONE as Chancellor of ' the Exchequer—Mr.
HORSMAN'S conduct in all these particulars we re-
gard as perfectly rational, manly, honest, and
independent.
Observe—we regard it as such —we estimate thus
the course pursued bythis independent member,v
in g that course ourselves calmly and dispassionately
as independent Journalists. Not thus is it, how-
ever, that Mr. HORSMAN'S conduct during the past
session has been viewed—by his own constituency.
THEY regard his conduct during last session indeed
very differently. They condemn it. We may deem
them mistaken in their judgment in so condemning
it, but there is the simple and positive fact that
they DO condemn it, as they have a perfect right
to condemn it, if they so please. And they condemn
it not vaguely or in one or two particulars, but abso-
lutely,unreservedly, and throughout. And now the
Stroud Electors have added to their resolute and re-
iterated condemnation the very pointed request that
Mr. HORSMAN willoinder the circumstance, think
proper formally to tender his resignation. This
Mr. HORSMAN as pointedly declines to do. And it
is in the attitude of defiance he has thus assumed
towards his constituents throughout the whole of
these recent proceedings that we certainly deem
him to be so entirely in error. His going down at
all to Stroud, under the circumstance, we cannot
but feel disposed to regard as a piece of political
foolhardiness. But having thus gone down
and met his Stroud friends of yesterday, his
Stroud foes of to-day and avengers of to-morrow,

he ought certainly, in mere consistency, and with
a due regard to his own dignity—having been
allowed (as he was right nobly) a fair hearing, and
having been thereupon, again, and yet again, met
by a sweeping vote of condemnation—Mr. HORSMAN
ought certainly, in mere consistency, and with
a due regard to his own dignity, to have
yielded, however unwillingly, to the demands of the
Stroud electors, and to have tendered his resigna-
tion. Many another constituency NV 0111 a be proud
to have him, in spite of all his crotchets and all his
impracticability. His stubborn retention of his
seat in defiance and in despite of his former sup-
porters, who are supporters of his now no longer,
can' possibly gain him nothing either from Stroud'
before the Country, or in Parliament.

By a rather singular coincidence, at the very
moment when the larger and more intelligent half
of the United States have achieved their first vic-
tory in the conflict with slavery, slaveholders have
gained a sad victory on British soil in Canada. We
may hope, indeed, that the triumph is but a tem-
porary one, since, being a question of law, it has
yet to be argued through two appeals, if necessary
—the last being to our Judicial Committee of Privy
Council. Sad, indeed, would it be if, when the
better Free States of America have, by Personal
Liberty Laws, nullifying as far as they can the ope-
ration of their Fugitive Slave Law, Canada, the
England of America, should be found to have retro-
graded on the subject of delivering the escaped
slave into the hand of his master. It was the great
Bostonian, Dr. CHANNIN a, if we remember rightly,
who declared that he envied our position, when,
on some one asking Lord MORPETH (now the Earl
of CARLISLE) whether nothing would induce Great
Britain to surrender a fugitive slave, the
noble lord replied—" No, rather let all Canada
go first." We hope the highest court of
appeal in Canada itself will, by reversing
the decision of the court below, prove that it belongs
to the nation of Lord MORPETH. We say so, be-
cause we think in a question of extradition, the
broadest international principles must be applied,
and the benefit of any perplexity be given to the '

1
fugitive.
The facts of the case are these. So long back as
September, 1853, a slave named ANDERSON escaped
1
from Missouri to Canada. In escaping he had killed
a planter named DIGGES, who, officiously, required
him to produce his " pass"—and, finding he had
nonerendeavoured to seize him, by the help of four
negroes of his own, and to send him back to be half
cut to pieces by the being who called himself his
owner, and to the slavery from which he fled. Poor
ANDERSON was suffering under one of the most
villanous of the characteristics of American slavery;
he had been sold thirty miles away from his wife
and chip, and was probably, at that moment
planning to carry them all off with him to
Canada. DIGGES, with the instinctive and
infernal malice of a slaveholder towards negroes,
must needs show his sympathy with men whom
in this country we should esteem the worst of
felons, and quite gratuitously
fight for slavery
against freedom—he, with a club, ANDERSON,
with a knife. DIGGES received wounds whichNEllNy
S Ohe
certainly richly deserved, and died of them three
weeks afterwards. ANDERSON contrived to escape
to Canada, and has lived there, industriously and
respectably, seven years. The Missouri authorities
at length claimed, under the ASHBURTON Treaty,
his extradition, as a_ man charged with murder.

The W3e Wad "argued before the Canadian Court of
Queer s Bench, and the Chief Justice, with one
other judge, were in favour of extradition; the

Lvtird judge, in a judgment which the whole of
Env:
‘nd will assent to, first on some technical and
legal
gm'unds, but. mainly and chiefly on the broad
view
of the Case, was decidedly against it.
The words of the Treaty relevant to the case
are—" That the surrender shall be made upon such
evidence as, according to the laws of that part of
her Majesty's: dominions would justyy the appre-
hension and committal for trial of the per.
son so accused, if the crinw of which he
shall be so accused had been there committed,"
and these words appear to us to be entirely in
favour of the accused. We should have thought,
indeed, that they were chosen by Lord ASHBUR-
TON to prevent escaped negroes from being dealt
with according to the laws of the State whence
they had escaped, and to ensure that they should
not be delivered up by Canada on trumped up
charges, tht
real object being to recapture men who
had used no other means to obtain their freedom
than the necessity of the occasion required. Now,
certainly in Canada, or in any other part of the
British empire, any'
British subject who, by force,
felonious
prevent any man's escaping from
the
oppression of slavery must take the
to
consequences of his act. If he were killed the
endeavoured
homicide would be held to be perfectly justifiable.
The law under which ANDERSON could be charged
with murder is not, we believe, even the national
law of the United States, with which, and not with
Missouri, our treaty is made. By Missouri law he
is guilty of a crime, for which, should he be sent
back, he would probably be put to death with
tortures too horrible to think of. Flayed alive
perhaps there, here he can but be regarded as one
of nature's nobles; one of the many illustrations
of the " stuff which thousands of Africans are made
off ;" that he could fight for dear liberty with five
men, his only weapon a knife, and beat them all.
How would all civilisation gaze with admiration
on the exploits of a thousand or two such men
with a coloured GARIBALDI to lead them, against
infinitely worse tyrants than the Bourbon of
Gaeta.

It is, however, a case of dry law, we shall be
told—it is nothing to us whether a man, who was
for seven years a peaceable and industrious sub-
jest of the British Crown, shall, if we surrender
him, be roasted alive over a slow fire ; nothing to
us that he killed a man only because that man,
out of malice prepense against all freedom-loving
negroes, sought to kidnap him; nothing to us, that
he, according to English law and English feeling,
legally and rightly killed the villain who was endea-
vourinito rob him of the most precious of human
treasures, life itself hardly excepted, all these things
are nothing to us ! The Treaty says murderers must
be delivered up, and ANDERSON was a murderer !
Even, however, should the nine Judges of the Court
of Appeal in Canada, or a majority of them, think
that these things are nothing to us—we may be
confident that our Judicial Committee of Privy
Council will not think so. We could almost wish
the case to come so far, that American Judges might
hear the withering invectives of our aged DEMOS-
THENES against such. law. But there is a considera-
tion we have not seen mentioned. To us, the ran-
* guage of the Treaty seems plain, but were it not so,
we should still say that it was morally impossible
that Lord ASHBURTON could have intended that
such fugitives should be delivered up. As an Eng-
lishinan his feelingi would not have allowed it; as
a public man he would have known that this coun-
try would have execrated such a Treaty and its
author; indeed, that the Crown dared not
have signed it. We deny, therefore, ab
initio, the possibility of any language ex-
isting in the ASHBURTON Treaty by which
it could be meant, that a man who had
killed another, not in revenge, but because the
slain man had interfered with his most righteous
efforts to be free, could be delivered up on a charge
of murder.

Several of our contemporaries, we are glad to see,
have argued the case as Englishmen must do ;
some of them with good • illustrations. Thus the
Morning Post writes : •
As slavery deal not exist in Canada, it is imposiible to
imiiene a precisely parallel case. But other illustrations
are not wanting. Robbery is an offence within the treaty.
According to the law of the Southern States no slave can
possess property. A negro runs away from South Carolina
or Missouri in clothes which belong to his master. He
reaches Canada, but according to Chief Justice ROBINSON'
he has committed the crime of felony, and must therefore
be surrendered. The American tribunals and Government
have acted upon a more sensible theory. Desertions from
the British army constantly occur in Canada, and the
fugitives, when across the boundary, know that they are
safe. On one occasion the British authorities demanded
the restoration of certain deserters, not on the ground
of any military offence, but on the ground that
they had committed felony by taking with them uniform
and accoutrements which were Government property.
The United States Government declined to interfere. They
said that the imputed felony was only an incident of deser-
tion, and that it could not be considered as coming within
the meaning of the term felony' used in the treaty. Upon
exactly the same principle the Chief Justice and Mr.
Justite BURNS; we submit, ought to have held that
ANDERSON, in killing, without malice prepense, the man
who attempted by force to restrain his freedom, simply did
an act which, if it had been committed in England or
Canada, would bo considered justifiable homicide. In fact,
if we wished to apply to 'Sir J. B. ROBINSON'S argument
the reductio ad absurdum, we should say that, as every
negTo in the Southern States is a mere chattel—as much a
piece of goods as a bank-note or a purse of money—an
escaped slave may be surrendered for stealing himself.
There are eome twenty thousand of these people in Canada.
Are they all to be relegated to the whip and the tortures of
the planter because a majority of the Canadian judges
think that the word murder' in the treaty is to be inter-
preted according to the laws of Missouri, and not in ac-
cordance with the enlightened and humane principles of
English freedom? ANDERSON, however, is not to be
surrendered."

The latter half also of Mr. Justice M'LEAN'S
judgment is a noble vindication of English law and
sentiment, and we hope it will be soon found that,
let the South do what it will, Canada shall never,
by any Fugitive Slave Treaty, be converted, like
the Free States of America, into the slaveholders'
hunting ground.

The Duchess of Inverness gave a grand enter-
tainment last night to their Royal Highnesses the Duchess
of Cambridge and the Princess Mary, at her grace's apart-
ments in Kensington Palace. There was a select party in-
vited to meet their royal highnesses.

The Duke of Rutland and Lord John Manners,
M.P., have returned to Belvoir Castle from visiting the
Earl and Countess of Scarborough at Sanclbeck Park, near
Ticknell, Yorkshire.
The Duke and Duchess of Manchester, who have
been staying on a visit to the Earl of Sandwich, atHinchin-
brooke, returned yesterday to Kimbolton Castle.

The Earl and Countess of Dalkeith are expected
shortly at the Duke of Buccleuch's mansion in Be'grave-
square, from Dalkeith Palace, in anticipation of her lady-
ship's accouchement.
Lord and Lady Delamere arrived in town yester-
day from Lord Deere's seat, the Hoo, in Hertfordshire, and
leave to-day for Vale Royal, Cheshire.
Sir Robert Peel, Bart., M.P., and Lady Emily
Peel, accompanied by Lady Jane Hay, arrived in White-
hall-gardens yesterday from Nice.
Sir Edmund W. Head, Bart., Governor-General
of Canada, and Lady Head and the Misses Head, have re-
turned to Farrance's hotel from visiting the Duke of New•
castle at Clumber Park, Notts.
The Hon. Francis and Mrs. Baring have arrived
in town from ♦isiting the Duka and Duchess of Grafton at
Waketeld Lodge, and will leans to-day for Paris,

Her Majesty Queen Victoria, in grateful remem-
brance of the escape of the Prince Consort from the dan-
gerous accidea which befel his royal highness during the
recent visit of the Queen to Coburg, has forwarded a sum
of money which is to be devoted towards the foundation of
a charitable institution in that place.
The Prussian Minister and the Countess Bern-
storff, who hxd been staying on a visit to the Earl and
Countess of Clarendon, at the Grove, returned to town on
Wednesday morning, on the receipt of the melancholy
intelligence of the death of the King of Prussia.

The Earl of Sandwich has been entertaining a
succession of visitors at Hinchingbrook, his seat in Hun-
tingdonshire, curing the festive season.

The installation of Alderman Atkinson, Conser-
Tative, as Lord Mayor of Dublin for the ensuing year, took
place on Tuesday.

The suspension has been announced yesterday
of Messrs. Whistler, Dawson, and King, colonial produce
agents, with liabilities for about £25,000.

A fall of between 4 and 5 per cent. took place
yesterday in London Dock Stock on the publication of the
accounts of tha past half-year, showing the balance on the
30th of November to have been £186,632, or £14,231 less
than at the corresponding period of 1859. The revenue
returns appear to have diminished £19,790, while the reduc-
tion in expenses has been only £3,295.

The dividends will be paid to the public on Wed-
nesday, the 9th. On the same day all the advances made
by the Bank during the shutting of the transfer books will
have to be repaid.

The Pope gave a State dinner on the 27th ult.
to the two Dowager Queens of Spain and Naples, at pre-
sent in Rome. Four Neapolitan cardinals and a number
of distinguished persons were present. The banquet took
place in the pavilion in the gardens of the Vatican.

The London Glee and Madrigal Union, under the
direction of Mr. Land, whose entertainments at the Dudley
Gallery, Egyptian Hall, last season, obtained so large a
share of public favour, will resume their performance of
glees, madrigals, and old English ballads on Monday even-
ing next.

THE GALL—SHIELDS, Jan. 2.—The gale has
completely abated, and the sea is falling. It has done a
considerable amount of mischief at the pier works at
the north and south of the mouth of the Tyne. Two Goliah
cranes wera completely smashed. A vessel named the
Timbuctoo, of Scarborough, one of the lades ships running
befor the gale for shelter in Leith Roads, has been lost off
Holy Island. Her crew were saved by the Athens, of
Blyth.

CHATHAM, Jan. 3.—The screw frigate Undaunted,
51, has been lashed alongside the sheer-hulk preparatory to
being fitted with engines and machinery. It is not yet
decided whether she to be taken to Sheerness to be fur.
nished with her engines, but should it be decided to fit her
at this dockyard she will have, to wait a considerable time
until one of the docks has become vacant. The Isis, 44,
sailing-frigate, has been placed in the second dock, where
the caulkers have already commenced caulking her, and
preparing her for a coal depot on the African coast. The
interior of her hold is to be lined with sheet iron, and some
considerable alteraticns are to be effeoted in her to adapt
her for the service on which she is to be employed. The
Rattlesnake, 21, screw corvette, building on the first slip,
is very nearly completed, and will be the next vessel
launched at this dockyard.

THE IRON-PLATED FRIGATE DEFENCE.—The
large iron-plated frigate ordered by the Government of
Messrs. Palmer, Brothers, Jarrow-upon-Tyne, is in course
of construction at the works of these gentlemen, and is now
making very rapid progress, and, though inferior in size to
the Warrior, she promises to be equally formidable in pro-
portion to her bulk. Upwards of 1,000 men are at present
constantly employed upon her, and they work almost under
cover, while the whole exterior of the fabric is lit up by gas,
so that the workmen mayprolong their labours after sunset.
Notwithstanding all the efforts which are being made to
hurry on to completion this gigantic undertaking, it will be
fully four months before the work will be-complete. A Go-
vernment inspector is in attendance in the yard to see that
the timber which underlies the iron plates, and which con-
sists of Indian teak, is perfectly seasoned.

PLYMOUTH, Thursday, Jan. 3. The paddlewheel
steamship Trent, Commander Jas. Moir, from St. Thomas's
Dec. 6, put into the Sound this morning. She left with
the disabled paddlewheel steamship Shannon, Commander
Abbott, in tow, but was compelled to abandon her during
a heavy gale from the north-west on the 20th of December,
in lat. 35 58 N., long. 40 58 W. The Shannon is coming
along under canvass, and when the Trent is coaled she will
probably go in search of her. After the 18th of December
the Trent experienced continual gales from the west, vary-
ih g occasionally from the north and south. Yesterday,
when entering the Channel, it blew a heavy gale from the
north-east. Spoke, on the 27th of December, in lat. 42 13
N., long. 20 39 IV., the ship Indus, from Madras for
London.

THE WEATHER IN ESSEX.—The heavy fall of
snow on Saturday night, followed by the rapid thaw and
showers of rain on the succeeding day, has resulted in one
of the deepest floods in this county which has been expe-
rienced for many years. In the immediate neighbourhood
of London nearly all the marsh land is submerged, and the
ice in the various rivers which at first re§isted the fall in
the temperature having prevented the melting snow from
flowing down to the sea, immense tracts of land, comprising
several thousand acres, are under water. The rich deposit
thus cast upon the meadow land will be highly beneficial,
but to the young corn great mischief will ensue wherever it
is flooded, as the return of the severe cold will probably
cover all such land with thick ice. In Chelmsford and Col-
chester, and various other towns throughwhich the railway
passes, houses are flooded and rendered uninhabitable, and
in those spots where the railway crosses the streams, im-
mense bodies of water and ice have been formed, jeopard-
ising the safety of the bridges and sapping the foundation of
the embankments. The lee having, however, now all
broken up in the rivers, it is thought the flood will gradually
subside. During the intense cold of the past week no less
than three persons were frozen to death in various parts of
the county, and there now threatens to be a return of the
severity of the season, the thermometer having fallen
several degrees below freezing point, with a strong north-
easterly wind of piercing coldness, which still continues.
NOTHING LIKE LEATHER.—A decision of interest
to tanners was on Saturday given by the Imperial Court.
Some years back a person named Durand caused sales by
auction of hides to be naade by a broker in a building at
Paris belonging to him, and these sales continued regularly
at intervals of a month, until a short time since, when one
Pelletreau, finding that they injured his business, had a
prosecution instituted before the Tribunal of Correctional
Police against M. Pouillet, a broker, for having made the
sales, and against M. Durand for having allowed them to
take place in the building, the two. having thereby, as he
contendet, violated a law of the 28th of May, 1858, on pub-
lic sales,which enacts that sales by auction shall be effected
"in places specially authorised for the purpose," whereas
no authorisation had been accorded for the edifice in ques-
tion. The defendants raised the objection that the Cor-
rectional Tribunal could not entertain the case inasmuch as
a clause in the said law reserved to the Tribunals of. Com-
merce the decision 'Of all questions arising under it. The
Tribunal, taking that view of the question, declared itself
without jurisdiction. Against that decision an appeal was
presented, and the Imperial Court heard the matter argued
on Saturday. The Court declared itself to be of opinion
that, in virtue of certain regulations, made by an imperial
decree of 1859, for carrying out the law of 1848, which had
force of law, the Tribunal of Correctional Police had power
to try the case presented to it, and it therefore quashed the
previous decision; but, judging the affair itself on the
merits, the Court declared that the complaint was not proved
under the said decree, and accordingly ordered it to be dis
missed with costs.

THE SCOTCH PIGIRON TRADE.—This important
trade has remained in a state of comparative sluggishness
during the past year, and stocks have accumulated to the
extent of 97,000 tons. Nevertheless, an immense business
has been done, 903,000 tons having been taken into con-
sumption. The state of the trade during the last 11 years
is shown in the following table :

Year. Make. Consumption. Stock.
1845,t0n5.. 475,000 .. 390,000 .. 245,000
1846, ~ 570,000 .. 666,000 .. 149,000
1847, ~ 510,000 .. 579,000 80,000
1848, „.. 580,000 .. 562,000 98,000
1849, „ .. 690,000 .. 578,000 .. 210,000
1850, ~ .. 595,000 .. 535,000 .. 270,000
1851, „ .. 760,000 .. 680,000 350,000
1852, ~ 775,000 .. 675,000 .. 450,000
1853, ~ • • 710,000 950,000 .. 210,000
1854, • • 770,000 .. 860,000 .. 120,000
1855, .. 825,003 .. 847,000 .. 98,000
1856, • • 832,000 .. 842,000 .. 88,000
1857, )9 • • 915,000 .. 843,000 .. 160,000
1858, ~ • . 945,000 .. 810,000 .. 295,000
1859, ~ • . 950,000 815,000 .. 330,000
1850, ~ • . 1,000,00 .. 903,000 .. 427,000
At the close of last year the number of furnaces in blast was
131 (44 were ont of blast), as compared with 125 in 1859,
132 in 1858, 123 in 1857, 128 in 1856, 121 in 1855, 117 in
1854, 114 in 1853, 113 in 1552, 112 in 1551, 105 in 1850, 112
in 1849, 103 in 1848, 100 in 1847, 98 in 1846, and 88 in
1845. Of the 427,000 tons at present estimated to be in
stock, 164,000 tons are in warehouse-keepers' stores, and
263,000 tons in the hands of makers. The exports foreign
and coastwise last year were 563,000 tons, and 340,000 tons
were consumed in local foundries and malleable ironworks
and sent by railway. The malleable ironworks consumed
170,000 last year as compared with 150,000 tons in 1859 ;
and the foundries 185,000 tons as compared with 190,000
tons in 1859, the orders last year having been principally
for light goods. France last year took 50,013 tons as com-
pared with 51,345 tons in 1859; Germany and Holland,
69,469 tons as compared with 63,215 tons in 1859; Russia,
3,925 tons as compared v,ith 5,669 tons in 1859 ; Spain and
Portugal, 9,934 tons as compared with 8,629 tons in 1859;
the United States, 77,632 tons as compared with 55,187
tons in 1859; British America. 15,255 tons as compared
with 10,777 tons in 1859; and Italy, 15,255 tons as com-
pared with 10,470 tens in 1859. The growth of the trade
may be strikingly illustrated by the fact that while the
production last year was 1,000,000 tons, in 1639 it was
only 197,000 tons; in 1825, 4000 tons; and in 1805,
91060 tone,

THE ALLEGED ROBBERY IN A FRENCH CAFE.
—ln our MarlbDrough-street Police-court report yesterday
the "Cafe Itegence" was by mistake mentioned as the
place where the alleged robbery of a silver wreath ()conned
—it should have been " Cafe Riches."

THE RECORDER OF HULL.—The Hull Epiphany
Quarter Sessions were opened yesterday by the Recorder,
Mr. Samuel Warren, Q.C., and many persons filled the
court in expectation of hearing the learned recorder deliver
one of his customary charges. From some cause or other,
however, Mr. Warren uttered but a few sentences and the
business of the day proceeded.

THE RETURN OF THE FROSTS—Yesterday tiv3
water in the parks was again crowded with people deter-
mined to enjoy, while they may, the exhilarating pastime
of skating. The day was very fine and clear. Thousands
of people filled the promenades and covered the lakes ; but
we do not learn that any accident terminated fatally.
GREAT NORTHERN HOSPITAL, KING'S-CROSS.—
Number of patients for the week ending 29th Dec., 994, of
which 522 were new cases.
IMPORTATION OF FOREIGN GRAIN, &c.—There
were imported into Hull last week—Wheat, 19,559 qrs. ;
barley, 8,398 yrs. ; oats, 328 qrs. ; beans, 3,153 qrs. ; peas,
2,368 qrs. ; tares, 427 qrs.; linseed, 7,861 qrs.
MR. COBDEN ON THE CLIMATE OF ALGIERS.—
Mr. Cobden, writing from Algiers on the 28th of Dec.,
says :—" The weather here is a complete contrast to what
you are experiencing. On Christmas-day the English
residents met at church, and on coming away everybody
remarked, ' How warm it is We have green peas every
day for dinner and ripe strawberries, and beautiful roses
and flowers in the gardens. With good British steamers to
Marseilles we ought to be only 72 hours from London. It
is a wonderful change of climate with so short a time and
distance."

GRACE DARLING'S FAMILY.—The venerable Wm.
Darling, who has passed the greater part of his long life
upon the outer Fern island, or Longstone, on the bleak
coast of Northumberland, as keeper of the lighthouse, and
who is best known to fame as the father of the heroic Grace
Darling, has been pensioned off by the Corporation of the
Trinity-house, London, and has left the Fern Islands, in
order to reside with his only surviving daughter at North
Sunderland. Mr. Darling is succeeded at the Longstone
by his son, Mr. Wm. Darling, and another of his children,
Mr. Brooks Darling, is keeper of the Coquet Island light-
house, also on the Northumbrian coast.
A SHARK AND A. SEAL.—A bottle-nose shark was
caught a few nights since in Christchurch Bay, in a sprat
net, and damaged the fishing smack with its tail before it
was killed. It was seven feet long. A seal was shot a
short time since at the back of the Isle of Wight. Two of
them were together basking close to the beach.
A comparison of the cost of living in hotels,
on either side of the Atlantic, is undoubtedly in favour of
America. For the excellent accommodation, and the
sumptuous fare which I have described, the charge is 21

dollars, or 10s. English, per day eack person, including
everything except wine, spirituous liquors, and washing.
It is a fixed charge, paid whether the lodger takes his

meals in the hotel or elsewhere. At all the best hotels
in the United States the same rate obtains, and the style
and quality of the provisions are superior to anything
known in similar establishments in England. But if the
visitor deviates from the ordinary routine of the esta-
blishment, the advantage, in point of cheapness, is no
longer on the side of America. A private sitting-room, for
example, is charged from five to ten dollars per day.—
"America as it Is," by John Cassell, in Cassell 's Illustrated
.Family Paper.

EMIGRATION.—According to the report of the
London directors of the Grand Trunk Railway of Canada,
the following is a comparative statement of the number of
emigrants who arrived at the port of Quebec from 1857 to
1860 inclusive:—ln 1857, from England 15,471, from Ire-
land 2,016, from Scotland 3,218, from the COntisent of
Europe 11,368, and from the Lower Provinces 24, making
a tltal of 32,097. In 1858, from England 6,441, from Ireland
1,153, from Scotland 1,424, from the Continent of Europe
3,578, and from the Lower Provinces 214, making a total of
12,810. In 1859, from England 4,749, from Ireland 417,
from Scotland 724, and from the Continent of Europe 2,723,
making a total of 8,683. In 1860, from England 6,481, from
Ireland 377, from Scotland 979, and from the Continent of
Europe 2.326, making a total,of 10,163, and showing that
the total number of emigrants who had arrived at Quebec
during thelait four years amounted to 63,753. It appears
that during the last two years no emigrants have arrived
from the Lower Provinces.

MAN FOUND.—On Tuesday last a young man,
about 28 or 30 years of age, was found lying in 'a ditch at
Dulwich, in an insensible state, either from the effects of
violence or in a fit. Medical attendance was immediately
procured in the neighbourhood, and he was afterwards
conveyed to Camberwell workhouse, where, notwithstand-
ing every attention has been paid to him, ho still remains
quite unconscious. He has never spoken since he was dis-
covered, and nothing has been found on him to lead to his
identity. A small memorandum book was taken from his
pocket, which contained memoranda that would lead to
suppose he resided, or had friends at or near Vine-street,
or in the vicinity of Higbbury Tavern ; also a stonemason's
chisel, and two pawnbrokers' duplicates given in the name
of Anst or West.

RATING THE VICTORIA STATION AND PIMLICO
RAlLWAY.—Yesterday the Representative Council of the
parish of St. George, Hanover-square, met at the Vestry-
hall, Mount-street, to consider a special report in reference
to rating the terminus and premises of the above company
situated in the parish. The Rev. H. Howarth, 8.D.,
pied the chair. Mr. Chappell, the vestry clerk, submitted
for approval the special report of the committee, which
recommended the immediate appointment of Mr. Charles
Lee, surveyor, of Golden-square, to assess a proper rating
to the poor of the said premises, inasmuch as he was an
experienced assessor of extensive works. A resolution
having been moved that the report be adopted, an amend-
ment was proposed that Mr. Roberts, of Cavendish-square,
be employed to assess the property. Upon the sense of the
meeting being taken, the amendment was negatived, and
the resolution carried. The meeting shortly afterwards
adjourned.

THE EASTERN CHIIRCFIES..—SPREAD OF PRO-
TESTANTISM.—For some months past Bishop Costandios,
of Brousa, has been in the capital under ecclesiastical arrest
on very grave ethical charges, brought against him by a
large number of his people. With these, however, untried,
the Patriarch has sent the bishop back to his diocease. A
numerous deputation of the most respectable portion of the
Greek community of Brousa immediately left with a pro-
test to the Porte against this act of episcopal whitewashing.
We further learn, that in consequence of all this scandal to
religion and morals at Brousa, as also of the other clerical
administrative abuses which flourish there, more than 500
of the most respectable families of the local Greek commu-
nity are on the eve of publicly embracing Protestantism.
Protestant tenets, indeed, are said to have made most sin-
gular progress both amongst the Greeks and Armenians of
Brousa, notwithstanding the counter efforts of a number of
zealous Lazarists and other Roman Catholic missionaries
who have done their best to draw the waverers into their
fold, with, besides other promised advantages, the assur-
ance of prompt and effective French protection.—Levant
Herald.

CHINA.—The Marquis de Moges, who formed
part of the Embassy of Baron Gros in 1857 and ,1858,
mentions several striking contrasts between Chinese and
Western civilisation. In China the magnetic needle points
south ; there are five cardinal points ; the left is the place
of honour ; white is the symbol of morning; good breeding
requires every man to remain with his head covered in
presence of a superior or any person he wishes to honour ;
they read from the right hand side of the page ; they
begin their repasts with fruit and end with soup ; in
schools, boys are punished for silence as a sign of idle-
ness ; and nobility conferred on a man does not descend
to his children, but ascends to his ancestors. At
Pekin, the streets are narrow and crooked. The public
buildings and the yamottn, or princely residences, have alone
some appearance of grandeur. All the other houses are
small and cramped. The shops present little variety ; there
are some for skins, coloured paper, fans, furniture, lucifer
matches, porcelain, grotesque figures, Bouddbas ; sweet-
meat, twisted sugar, crystallised aniseed, and preserved
fruit. All these establishments have rather shabby out-
sides, but very pompous signs, which greatly puzzle inter-
preters. Over the entrance to inns and lodging-houses may
be seen'such signs as Hotel of the Four Felicities,' The
Palace of Happy Dreams,' The Celestial Table.' Con-
fectioners are very recondite in their signs, as the following
specimens will show :—' The Rivers of Milk,' The Candid
Isles,' The Delights of Confucius.' "

SOUTH AUSTRALIAN COPPER COMPANY.—A
meeting of the Great Northern Copper Mining Company
of South Australia was held yesterday, Mr. C. Bonney in
the chair, when the report was adopted unanimously. It
was stated that, in consequence of certain allegations ques-
tioning the accuracy of the prospectus on the mineral capa-
bilities of the various properties, the chairman proceeded to
South Australia, and by personal examination and from in-
dependent testimony proved that the announcement origi-
nally put forth were substantially correct. At one of the
mines alone 1,000 tons of ore are in sight, and three fair
average samples have been assayed, showing respectively
34 per cont, of pure copper, 51.2 and 82.8. No time has been
lost in carrying on the works, and a large quantity of rich ore
is already in course of transit to this country. It is hoped
11 that better terms than the present lease of the property
may be obtained from the Government, including the
right of purchase for a reasonable sum. The colony have
offered liberal concessions for the construction of railways.
In answer to questions it was mentioned that the distance
from the mines to Port Augusta is by road about 120 to
125 miles. The ordinary means of carriage are by bullock
drays, and the contract price for the conveyance of ore is
108. per ton. In a favourable season an ample supply
of drays can be gradually hired, but when the pasturage
on the road has been destroyed by drought—a very unusual
occurrenco—as in the past year, it is very difficult to obtain
carriage at ali. It was suggested that a traction engine
miuht be sent out, and it appears that the directors have
already had this 'step u,near consideration. The sum of
£250 was voted, to, Mr. Bonney for the remuneration of hie
services in going out to Australia, his absence from Eng-
baud h4ving myptilot

r"
L E s
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i •'t

(REUTER'S TELEGRAMS.)

PARIS, FRIDAY MORNING.
The Illoniteur announces the death of Don Per•
nando de Bourbon at Vienna.

The Constitutionnel says : Such bonds of the
Turkish loan as may not be subscribed for on the
sth of January will be taken by a company of