The Sun.
London, England, 1857-08-10 00:00:00

LONDON, MONDAY, AUGUST 10, 1857.

In our impression of Saturday we announced
the termination of the trial of the Italian con-
spirators against the life of the French Emperor.
TIBALDI, who was pronounced guilty, was sen-
enced to transportation for life, and GRILLI and
BARToLorri, who were convicted, but with ex-
tenuating circmnstanees (1) (What were they ?), to
_fifteen years' imprisonment. It does not appear
that any verdict was returned respecting MAzZINI,
LEDRU ROLLIN
I AN
A.4ASSARENTI, or CAMPANELLA,
the four parties who were indicted in their ab-
sence, and without being allowed any opportunity
of defending themselves. Indeed, the evidence
wns so palpably inadequate, that a conviction
could not possibly have been anticipated
It is possible, however, that the sword may re:
main for some time suspended over their heads,
ready to fall whenever further testimony can be
obtained. The entire system of :trial per contit.
mace, and withholding the decision, is so wholly
opposed to English notions of justice and fair
play, that it is sufficient merely to mention the
facts. It is not necessary to make any further
allusion thereto.

In the eases of annt,r and BARTOLOTTI the
charge rested mainly on their own confessions—if
the admissions wrung from them under a course
of moral torture can be dignified with the name. '
We witnessed something of the kind in our
witch trials of the 17th century, when the
wretched victims of superstition and malevolence
were maddened by a course of artful cross-exami-
nation ; nud their insane ravings were made
not only the foundation for their own condemns..
tip, but Alio of tin ixuaovent Trhezu in

' their madness they might accuse, as participators
i i their supposed crime. Thanks be to God, the
English law has been purified from that fearful
blot. Unfortunately, similar proceedings are still
not only possible, but of frequent occurrence ii
France, as the present and other rece trials too
surely testify. -
Judging them by their own statements, they
appear to have been miserable hirelings, ready to
assassinate, or rather to promise to assassinate any
person, if the stipulated price were paid for
their services. But we are at a loss to
discover the "overt " act, or to adopt
the language of the acte d'accusation, "the act
committed or commenced with a view to prepare
its ex ,cution." They were at best but vulgar
miscreants. The 50 napoleons each, which
they asserted that they received in advance as the
price of blood, was the sole end and object of
their wishes ; and if we are to believe them that
any person or persons were so foolish as to pay
beforehand, and to trust to their honours (1) for
performing the sanguinary promise, it is more
than probable that they intended to cheat their
iangninary employers, and to appropriate the
hire without doing anything to earn it. What
other extenuating circumstances could be disco-
vered ? If they really intended to murder
the EMPEROR, and had taken steps with
a view to the execution of the atro-
cious project, their lives could alone have
expected the offence. Justice would not have
been satisfied by a sentence of imprisonment for
15 years—which may be remitted at any time !
In fact, they seem to be either the dupes or tools
of the police. In either case, not a particle of
reliance could be placed on their testimony, which
was contradictory so far as they were themselves
concerned, and without any adequate corroborat-
ing facts to confirm their statements.
Against TIBALDI the evidence was of a very
meagre description. It chiefly consisted in his
knowledge of, and association with GRILLI and
BARTOLOTTI, and his possession of weapons, a
formidable show whereof was paraded in court.
He had previously borne a good character, which
would have been very beneficial before an English
tribunal, but he failed to account for his posses-
sion of these forbidden instruments of death.
We need, however, scarcely remind our
readers that they may have been obtained
for some other illegal purpose which he
could not justify, and that the possession
of the means of murder does not by any means
establish the intention to use them, more especi-
ally against a particular person, or iu a particular
manner. Against TIBALDT, the statements of those
who al.ege I themselves to be co-conspirators could
not. be used in this country, and without them
there was nothing to bring guilt home to him.
There was a case of suspicion from his association
with these parties, who may be said to have
pleaded guil'y, but that was all that could be
tall-ged against him.

sioner YELT and his flunkeys aye, and his
instigators, for we have but little doubt that even
Ills palm has been greased with Muscovite gold—
that English energy is unditninished, and that we
;till know how to enforce plighted obligations, to
tvenge violated faith. This lesson must be taught;
end Mr. WYLD'S well-timed and accurate maps
;ndicate the mode in which it is to be accom-
plished.

Ai to the others, the whole matter was literally
"bosh," scarcely requiring an answer. BARTO
LOTTI declared that he saw with MAzzINI a s, out
wan, with mnestaches, whom he heard called
" RODRONE ROLLINI," but this man had left the
room before the topic of the EMPEROR'S assassi-
nation was ventltted, or the money paid, and
that ho was subsequently t)ld that MASSA RENTI
had no money until he obtained it from this myste-
rious ‘c RODRONE ROLLINI." Why, if this
tainted and worthless testimony could be re-
garded as

" Ounfiroustion strong as proof of Holy Writ,"

it would not in the slightest degree apply to
LEDRII ROLLIN. Surely he is not the only stout
Gentleman in tho worll who sports moustaches.
Bat to 'politer up this vague declaration, we hear

that the said LEDRU ROLLIN sent money
some years to a man named BEAUMONT, who is
asserted, but not proved, to have been identical
with a man waned 'Conseil, who was said to
have intended to assassinate the EMPEROR. The
ridiculous absurdity of the corroboration shows
tho weakness of the charge in the strongest point
of view.

Detesting murder in any form and on .any
pretext, we would not for a moment support one
justly amenable to the charge, but the present
transaction has more of the farce than the tragedy,
and there is nothing to indueo the withdrawal of
English hospitality from the accused. They may
certainly offer themselves for trial before any
English tribunal. No grand jury would return a
true bill against any of the party.

Whatever may be said of the Government
activity, there is one gentleman whose zeal and
activity unquestionably keeps pace with the spirit
of the age and the exigencies of the crisis. The
Geographer to the QUEEN has not permitted a
single moment to elapse before bringing before the
public three maps illustrative of the War in
China, which will enable every person
desirous of information to follow accurately the
graphic accounts already rendered by the corres-
pondents of the public journals. The first is a
plan of the battle of Fatshan, drawn on the spot
by the special correspondent of the Times —a
gentleman who has certainly given a clearer
account of that important oonteA than any
that we have ever read with his admi-
rable account (which appeared in The Sun of
the Ist instant) ; and the plan, the measures
,id 'd by the Admiral, and Commodore
KEPPEL, can be traced out step by step, and
an accurate conception formed of the whole.
Here we see where the smart brush took place
with the Fatihan militia, in which their jackets
were so soundly dusted. There, where the five
junks were captured, a little further we
witness the conflagration of the 12 junks
and the seven junks, and the position of the
Admiralty junk, with its 70 coadjutors,
the localities of the forts and of the sunken boats,
where the Russian tactics at Sebastopol was so
closely followed.
In the second, wo have a map illustrative of
the war in China, compiled from surveys and
sketches by British officers, and other authentic
information, of which Mr. WYLD so well knows how'
to avail himself. We see the plan of the city of Ting_
Hai in Chusan, the harbour and forts of th-d Amoy,
and of the City of Pekin, also of. the attack on
Canton, under Sir HuGH—norit Viscount—Gouen
in 1841, and of the more recent onslaught on the
forts of the Canton ;liver. It gives, in fact,
the greater part of the seaboard of China,
of -Which so much use may be made during
the present emergency. The value of our
gunbc)
ate, now lying comparatively useless
uneter the laisser faire administration of
Sir CRA.ELES WOOD, will
be thereby apparent to
any., even the most superficial
observer.
'rho most important
and interesting of these
very valaable productions is, perhaps, the chart
of the Canton river, with the entrances -
Lel ands, with an accurate plan of .•
.
Ca ,uton, accompanied by app-
end
- the City of
of Bengal, China Sea, „iv:Tel map of the a,y
and Pacific Ocean, These
We Jut out the wr
At that must b
e accomplishe
d.
We cm oni—
_y negotiate properly when in posses-
grj.
Canton. That is the first point to be
atieYed , and then everything else will be cora-
Arittiyoly
vary. WO =wit teach Mr. COMDligi.,

711 E SUBMARINE ATLANTIC TELEGRAPH.

VALENTIA, SATURDAY EVENING.

Thursday morning, soon after the ships sailed for
Newfoundland, and when at the distance of four miles
from the landing place, an accident happened to the
hickesi shore end of the'cable; which became entangled
sith the machinery, and broke at that point. The
.hip's boats were engaged until the afternoon Of yeater-
lay (Friday) in under-running the eabla from the shore
o the place where it was broken, and there joining the
two enis again. This operation had been most success-
rully performed ; the joint is as perfect as any part of
the cable, and the continuity and insulation of the whole
ength having been ascertained by the severest teat, the
quadro❑ instantly set sail at about sunset on the even-
ing of yesterday, and have kept up continued inter-
conrss through the wire to the shore of Valentia since
hat time up to this hour, half-past nine, a.m., Saturday.
The ships are now 22 miles off. The weather is beauti-
ful, and the sea calm.

DUBLIN, FRIDAY.

After the Lord Lieutenant had laid the end of the
Atlantic telegraph cable, Commander Pennock ex-
pressed the hope that the work of laying down the cable
would be completed in 20 days. The accounts of the
expedition are satisfactory.

GENERAL IRON SCREW COLLIER
COMPANY.

MEETING THIS DAY.

The annual general meeting of the shareholders in this
company was held this afternoon at the Lyndon Tavern,
Bishopsgate-street —Mr. W. Hutt, M.P., in the chair.
The report stated that there appeared to have been a
loss on the year's transactions, after setting aside 15 per
cent, on the cost of the vessels for insurance and depre-
ciation fund. After defraying the charges of the current
expenses and repairs, together with. 1,857/ 13s. 103. from
surplus profits to a dividend on the first 6 months, there
was aloss of 7741.53. 102. The report accounted for this
depression by the sudden termination of the Russian
war, which threw a large amount of tonnage on the
freight-market, and consequently a reduction of freight-
age, whits had acted with great severity during the;
past six months. The repairs for the half-yesr had
been unusually heavy. In the year ending 30th June,
1854, the contingencies amounted to 2271. per ship ;
in 1855, to 1131. ; in 1856, to 71/. ; and in 1857, to 3251.
Of the latter sum, 3151. per ship (forming in the
aggregate an absolute charge of 4,4000 has fallen on
the second half of the past year. If the last six months
be taken as the rule of the ensuing year there would
accrue a 10-s to the company at its termination of nat
less than 2,798/. lls. 82. The report further stated :
But there ie another point of some consequence to
be noticed in reference to the future. It arises
from the alteration which the resolutions of the
la't General Meeting, will produce on the mode of
(fistributin g the income of the Company. Hither
to, in accordance with the deed of settlement, it
Las been the practice, after providing for repairs of ves-
sels and current expenses, and before the payment of
any dividend, to set aside out of pridts 10 per cent, on
the cost of the vessels for an in-iratice fund, and an
additional 5 percent. for a Depreciation Rind. At the
close of the present year, the accumulations arising from
this source, and the extra profits of properous years,
have sufficed to return 25,000/. to the shareholders to
commence a new Depreciation Fund with 10,0001. to its
credit, and a new ineiranca fend with not less than
25 0001. Hereafter a similar per tentage on the cost of
the vessels will continue to be set aside; but the De-
preciation Fund will be allowed to accumulate till it
amounts to 50,0001., when it will le again brought under
the review of the company, and the whole of the in-
surance fund above 25,0001., after providing fur losses,
will annually be divided among the ehareholiere."

Oa the motion of the CEIAIRMA.N, the resolutions of
the extraordinary meeting of the 7th July, last, for-re-
ducing the capital of the company was unanimously
agreed to.
After smile discussion on hearing the Chairman's
statement, the report and acc)unts were received and
adopted.

The retiring directors, Mr. Chaytor, Mr. Mangles,
and Mr. Miers were re-elected.

Mr. Nicholson and Mr. Nelson, the retiring auditors,
were re-elected.
A vote of thanks to ;he chairman and directors ter.
minated the meeting.

Her Royal Highness the Duchess of Kent arrived at
Shergeldie on Saturday evening, at half-past 7 o'cl)ck.
The Duke and Duchess of Norfolk and family have
left Norh,lk House, St. James's-square, for Arundel
Castle, Sussex.

The Duke of Devonshire left town on Saturday, for
Chatsworth, Derbyshire, whence his grace goes to Balton
Abbey, Yorkshire.
The Duke of Cleveland left town on Saturday, for
Raby Castle, Durham. The Duchess and Lady Augu.ta
Paulett left town the same day for Brighton, where they
purpose staying several weeks, before repairing to the
north for the winter.

The Earl of Jersey returned to town on Saturday,
from Middleton Park, near Bicester.

Lord and Lady Cowley and family have l',ft Paris for
Tronville.
The Somish General Prim has just arrived in Paris.

The Right Hon. James Stuart Wortley, M.P,, is, we
are happy to learn, recovered from his severe attack of
illness, the only effects remaining being a slight weak-
ness. iThe hon. and learned gentleman has just returned
to town from Eserick Park, Yorkshire, Lord Weniock's
seat, where he remained in seclusion to renovate his
health.
The handsome church of St. Jacques at Amiens has
been almost entirely destroyed by fire.

It is rumoured that two authors will receive the Cross
of the Legion of Honour on the 15th August—MM.
Alexandre DumaP, jun., and Theodore Barriere.
A LUCKY COMPOSER.—Who would not be Signor
Verdi ?—if the tale be true that be has contracted to
write an opera for St. Petersburg, in the Handel
Centenary year of 1859, for which be is to receive only
upwards of 3,5001. of English money,—Atltenceum.
LYCEUM THEATRE.—The enimgernent of Madame
Fist .ri came to its terrninatiora on Saturday night, when
:Dean Milman's tragedy of "Fazio" was performed
before a numerous and. distinguished audience, who took
leave of the great artist with universal aoclamations of
applluse. _

CRYSTAL PALACE POULTRY SHOW.—The grand sum-
mer exhibition of poultry, pigeons, and rabbits, opened
on Saturday, and, despite the depressing influence of a
clouded atmosphere, attracted a large number of visitors
to Sydenham. The show was in the highest degree
gratifying, every class being well represented.
HEAVY STORM or WIND AND RAIN.—SERIIIIS DE-
STREW/lON OE LIFE AND PROPERTY.-00 Saturday
accounts at Lloyd's, from the Yorkshire and neigh.
bouriug coasts, reports a serious loss of property from
a heavy N.E. wind, which set in on Thursday even-
ing, and continued. It wag accompanied_ by heavy
torrents of rain, and some .districts were inundated.
At Scarborough there , was. ,0,-;te a
many of
turn-
part ot
of
theirin theho
u deadse
, s
the residents had -t- n panic, and
of the night, to clear out
which
were flooded. lower
£be heavy wind caused the sea to
break over in b:lage rollers, and the railway station,
esplanade, merchant room suffered. The Scouby
mills we"., destroyed by the flood ; and it is reported
thatt '..nere is loss of life. At Filey, Bridlington, and
S"..nderland it blew a perfect gale on Friday morning, and
several casualties are reported at sea. The Nautilus,
from Shields for Lynn, foundered off Whitby.
We are glad to learn that Mr. M'(.iregor Laird,
chairman of the African Steam Navigation Company,
has most handsomely offered to the Cotton Supply Asso-
ciation to convey up the Niger, free of charge, 100 or
200 gins and a press, the transit of which would other-
wise cost some 3001. If we are asked what good can
this association effect, we would point to this very
liberal offer of Mr. Laird's as an indication not without
sign iti eance.—Manchester Guardian.

USES OF CHLOROFoRM.—d popular newspaper para-
graph states that a few drops of chloroform " taken in-
wardly " form a curegorsea-sicknesss. We find the same
remedy very succes,ful in hooping-cough. It also arrests
petetanusuo
powerful sedative
nms
ewtdohaittcihhvee lmofpcoikrn
the cough of consumption. We have heard of a ease of
jawatihenwearev
marrow.e cs u. r Jilt
sbeye
ma ds nat ion
ai sct
te rai
si 2,,!.
-
seems to do that which nethne, T . sea-sickness it
,
effect, to produce int"-- ' ' cole bas been found to
that all per--
~..at warmth. It may he observed
P-
...,uiCILDS OP A CITY MERCHANT,--On Saturday Mr
_.oas sea•siuk are chill.cold and low.
' James Davis, a City merchant, put a period to his exis-
tence, at his private residence, 4, Upper Ranclagh-street,
13elgrave-square. It appears that in e msequence of some
heavy losses, said to exceed 100,0001., within the last
mouth, arising from the failure of a large commercial
kerchiefs
o fri
Pause in New York, he had been very desponding. On
Saturday morning Mrs. Davis found him absent from his
bed chamber, and the unfortunate gentleman was alti-
InatelY discovered hanging by means of two silk hand.
R rc
,lie
:ih
mfatale:ook, upon which a large oil painting
Was suspended in the drawing room. He was cut down,
and
, extinnt a_
neighbouring surgeon, was sent for,
but life was. -
--

THE SU LONP,'ONI MONDAY EVENING AUGUST 10, tBti7.

position assigned to it by the principle of the Treaty of
Paris—the common work of the Powers • and they add
thafthey do not shrink from any re.ponsibility that may
result for the Porte from this refusal of adjournment.
(Signed) "L. STRATFORD DE REDCLIF FE.
" Baron do PROXESCH VAN OSTEN.
" July 18, 1857."

The official Gazette of Teheran announces the
dismissal of the Serdar Affis Khan, Minister of
War, which took place on the 16th June. His
successor, Sadar Asan, was called before an assFna-
bly of the principal authorities of the country,
when a royal rescript was read to him, in which he
was instructed to devote his whole energies to the
improvement of the army. The rescript terminated
with the following curious passage :—" As for
Affis Khan, he may get over his had humour in any
manner he thinks proper.

A letter from Cettingue, in the Cologne Gazette,
says :—" Prince Dauilo, in the presence of the
general discontent of the Montenegrinq, has with-
drawn the edict which doubled the taxation of the
country. An attempt was recently made to assas-
sinate the Woiwode of Gahowo ; the latter pro-
ceeded at once to demand explanations from Prince
Danilo, who swore on the testament that he was
innocent of the attempt. Tho Woiwode on his
side, swore that he would not try to molest Prince
Danilo.

According to a letter from Holstein several
members, on the meeting of the States on the
15th will propose to modify the first article of
the provincial constitution of 1854, in accord-
ance with the spirit of the old institutions of
the country. That article declares that Holstein
shall for ever be united with Denmark in con-
formity with the law of succession of the 31st July,
1853. "The rejection of the article," says the
letter, " would amount to a protest against the
protocol of London, and would have the greater
importance from the fact that the German Confe-
deration has not not yet recognised that protocol."

The Madrid journals of the 4th contain little
news. The Epoca says that after a good deal of
discussion as to whether the negotiations on the
Mexican affair should take place at Paris, London,
or Madrid, the latter city had been selected.
One of the papers states that the government in
tended to send 25,000 men to Cuba to act against
Mexico, but the Epoca, a ministerial authority,
says that it doubts that any such force is to be
forwarded. Some noted liberals of the province of
Temal had been sent to Giupuspa.

AMERICA.

(BY ELECTRIC TELEGRAPH.)
LIVERPOOL, MONDAY MORNING.

The Royal Mail steamship America, from Boston
and Halifax, has arrived, with advices from New
York to the 28th, and by telegraph to the 30th ult.
She has 89 passengers and $196,064 in specie on
freight.
On the 30th ult., at 2 p.m., lat. 43.5 N., long.
65.58 \V., the America passed the Royal Mel
stenship Europa hence for Boston, and. the 31
instant, in. lat. 48.14 N., long. 49.10 \Y., a British
barque, b )und east, showing blue and red flag, with
white elide in centre. _ _

The screw steamship Glasgow, from Glasgow ar•
rived at New York on the 25th ult.

Advices at Washing 'on state that the State de-
partment has been advised that the pending diffi-
culties between Spain and Mexico could be arrayed
in a manner satisfactory to all parties, and t'm,t toe
proposed naval demonstration against Vera Cruz
will not take plat This intelligence is confirmed
by the French minister at Washington, and the
United States' Minister at Paris. It is also stated
that Governor Walker's prompt actions at Kansas
had been successful, and ,that the insurgents hal
yieldeJ.
General Harney and his troops were to start again
in a few days for Utah. The departure of the new
Governor Cumming was uncertain.
After a 1 ing interview with General Owls, M.
Ileum, one of the ministers of New Granada, had
pr ,posel the basis of an arrangement of the actual
differences between his own Government and that
of the United States.
The steamship Illinois had arrived at New York
from Aspinwall, with advices from California to
4th ult., and 1,458,043 dols. in specie.
The Pacific Mail Steamship Company's steamer
Sonora had arrived at Panama, from San Francisco,
on the 18th ult , with 1,872,584 dole. in specie,
418,744 dols. of which was on foreign account.
H. M. frigate Tartar was at Aspinwall on. the 19 h.
Mining was carried on successfully, and new dis-
coveries constantly chronicled. Long-abandoned
quartz enterprises were being explored and worked
to advantage.
Trade continued dull.
- -

The election of delegates to the Mmo',Tatc State
Convention had taken place. The returns received
showed a great majority in favour of the Neller
delegates.
Recent discoveries of gold have been made near
Magalan, and the rush was great, but the diggings
were not extensive. The financial affairs of the
State were improved, and the Treasurer had an—
nounced that he would pay in silver for Certified.
debts.
The Canadian mail steam-ship North American,
hence, had arrived at Quebec.
The steam-ship Poiladelphia had arrived at New
York"with advices from Havannah to the 231
the health of the is!and was good. Markets dull.
Exchange declining, and dull. London 10 to 102
pretniutn.
In the New York money-market, on the 27th,
the demand was active, an I a turn in favour of
lend.,Ts. There was an increased offering of paper
at the banks, and a fair demand at the brokers'.
Loans on call firm, at 7 per cent. for prime securi-
ties. Prime commercial signatures discounted
at 9to 10 T:ir cent. Sterling exchange in good
demand. Foreign bills heavy, with a downward
tendency. The rates for bankers' signatures at
70 days were—London 109 a to 109 ; Paris, 5
161 ; Antwerp, 5 161 ; and Hamburg, 361 to 3N.
On the 28th, stocks dull ; New York Central, 88 ;
Erie, 35k. Rosin lower. Iron (Sc)tch), 30 to
31, six months. Freights heavy to Liverpool ;
cotton 3s. ; flour, 6d. ; grain, 2id. to 3d.

LATEST BY TELEGRAPH vi 4 HALIFAX.

NEW YORK, JULY 30.

Our cotton market hAs been buoyant to-clay at a
further advance of *c. pL-r lb. The market for
bre tdstutfs is quiet, and prices have undergone no
material change since the departure of the steamers'
mails.
We have intelligence that the ship Cossack, from
New Orleans, for Liverpool, has been deitroyed by
fire at sea.
The steamer Kangaroo, from Liverpool, and the
Oriel and Washington, from Southampt 3n, have
arrived at this port.
NEW ORLEANS, JULY 28.

Heavy rain-storms prevail in this locality, and
our market for cotton is very firm, holders demand-
ing an advance. The business of the last three
days has been restricted to 250 bales, and the re-
ceipts in the same time to 360 Wes.

COMMERCIAL UNION FOR THE AUSTRALIAN COLONIES.
--The Melbourne Argus of May 28, says :—" It is
understood that the chief object of the governor's visit
to Beechwortb, and of his proposed meeting with Sir
William Denison, is the establishment of a commer.
cial union similar to that which has for many years
been in beneficial operation between Prussia and
the minor States of Germany. In Germany
previously to this union, commercial affairs were in
as unsatisfactory a state as can well be conceived.
Every petty state had its own tariff, its own custom-
houses, and its own customs regulations. The conse-
quence was that the internal trade of Germany was sui,-
jected to innumerable and vexatious restrictions, which
were just so many clogs upon the wheels of industry,
The Zeliverein has done much to remedy this evil. In
recommending a similar union to Australia, we do not
overlook the importance also of a political and federal
union ; but there is this grand difference between the
two kinds of union, that the political union involves so
many considerations, there are so many interests to
be reconciled/and so many prejudices to be overcome,
that it must be a work of many years. On the other
hand the commercial union is one of comparatively easy
attainment ; the conflicting interests are tew, and the
feeling among the mercantile body throughout the colo-
nies is entirely favourable. The establishment of a corn-
merctal union would in all probability very greatly
fee: Nate and promote the still more important object of
an Australian political confederation, and with this
object tiore could not be a more useful preliminary
measure. Such is the object to which we invite ihe
attention, not only of the governments, but of the people
of the Australian colonies. It is certainly very lei
portant that a fair arrangement should be made in
reference to the trade of the blurray, and we are
glad to find that the Governors of New South
Wales and Victoria have turned their attention
to this subject. But we trust that this will be the pre-
liminary to a much larger question, and that they may
consider the propriety of establishing a common Austra-
lian tariff, with free trade between the several colonies,
on the principle of the German Union. We have long
been favourable to such a system, and this is not the first
time it has been mooted in these colonies. The time
has come when the evils of a divided and antagonistic
policy are becoming serious. Sooner or later a more
comprehensive and more efficient system will be required,
and it is self-evident that the alteration can be most
easily and beneficially made in the,infancy of the nation,
before vested interests' are to oppose the general good
for the flake of a few.';