The Sun.
London, England, 1857-09-17 00:00:00

7, 1857

agree with them, saying, We are hardly sufficient
to guard Delhi, how can we go to Meerut ? I will
give you a small description of the oppression com-
mitted by Sepoys in Delhi.
They plundered every rich house and shop in
the city. They took every horse they found in
the stables of the citizens. They killed a number
of poor shopkeepers for asking the proper prices
for their things ; they abuse the respectable men
of Delhi in their presence. The guard at Jurnna-
bridge looted the passengers crossing it. On the
11th May the magazine was blown np, it did great
damage to adjacent houses, and killed about five
hundred passengers walking in different streets.
The bullets fell in the houses of people to such a
degree, that some children picked up two pounds
and some four pounds of it from the yards of their
houses ; afterwards the mutineers, together with
the low people of the city, entered the magazine
compound and began to plunder weapons, accoutre-
ments, gun-raps, &c.
The "loot" continued for three days ; each
Sepoy took three or four muskets, and as many
swords and bayonets as he could. The calassies
filled the houses with fine blacksmiths' tools, wea-
pons, and gun-daps, which they sell by degrees, at
the rate of two seers per rupee. The copper she's
were sold at three seers per rupee. In these suc-
cessful days, the highest price of a musket was eight
annas ; however, the people fear to buy it ; a fine
English sword was dear for four annas, and one
anna was too much for a good bayonet.
Pouches and belts were so common that the
owners could not get anything for this booty of
theirs. The gunpowder which was kept at Muj-
noos Tila, more that half of it was plundered by
Goojurs and countrymen, and the rest was brought
to the city. Since the day of my arrival till the
day of my departure, I never found the bazaar
opened, except a few poor shops. The shopkeepers
and citizens are extremely sorry for losing their
safety, and curse the mutineers from morning to
evening. Poor people and workmen starve, and
widows cry in their huts. Respectable English
servants have confined themselves to their houses.

A Kotwal is changed every second day. The
Sepoys plundered every treasury in the city, and
put the money in their own pockets : they did not
give a farthing out of this to the King ; so the
Sepoys of four or five regiments possessed thou-
sands of rupees each, and under the weight of sd
ver they could hardly walk, consequently they
were obliged to change their silver for. gold. Th
Mahajuns charged them 24 or 23 rupees for a gold
mohur, which is not worth more than 1.6 rupees.
Since the bankers were plundered by the Sepoys,
they also cheated them by giving them brass coins
instead of gold ones.

The poor- regiments are very jealous of those who
are rich, as the rich Sepoys don't wish to go to
fight, or to the field of battle simply ; they are very
often insulted by their poor friends. lam of opi-
nion their private feelings will compel them to
fight with each other, some day or other, as many
times during my stay at Delhi I heard there was
very likely to be a quarrel between the rich and
poor regiments.

One regiment from Allyghur, and Mynpoorie
150 Sowars, and some unarmed Sepoys from Agra,
one regiment and 200 Sowars from Hansi and
Hissar, some unarmed Sepoys from Umballa, 200
Sowars and two companies of Nizamut fromMuttra,
6th Light Cavalry, two regiments from Jullundur,
two regiments and- artillery from Nusseerabad,
reached Delhi before me, and joined the mutineers.
I will acquaint you with the names of the sta-
tions from whence the rebels brought treasure for
the King..
Moradnuggur Tehseel—toll gate, near Hindun-
bridge, Rohtuck, Allyghur, Hansi, Mutra, Hut-
saroogurghie, Tirsaili, out of which his Majesty
pays four annas to each footman, and one rupee to
each trooper per diem. lam quite ignorant of
the amount of the money, but I know as far as
this, that on the 17th of June there was left one
lac and nineteen thousand rupees in the King's
Treasury.
The princes are made officers in the royal army,
thousands of pities for the poor luxuriant princes.
They are sometimes compelled to go out of the
city, in the heat of the sun—their. hearts palpitate
from the firing of muskets and guns.
Unfortunately they do not know how to com-
mand an army ; their forces laugh at their imper-
fections, and abuse them for their bad arrange-
ments. The King sends sweetmeats for the forces
in the field, and the guard at the door of the city
plunder it like the property of an enemy. The
bravery of the royal troops deserves every praise ;
they are very clever indeed ; when they wish to
leave the field of battle they tie a piece of rag on
their leg and pretend to have been wounded, and
come into the city lame and groaning, accompanied
by their friends.
On the night of the 30th June, at the iiindun
bridge, the mutineers were quite out of senses ; a
good many of them threw muskets and swords in
the wells, and scattering on the road, ran towards
villages and jungles, as they thought themselves to
have pursued by English soldiers.
Had the English forces taken them they could
have taken Delhi the same night, because the
Sepoys did not return to the city till next morning,
and many of them disappeared for ever ; they were
plundered and beaten by Goojurs, and did not
bring a farthing back with them.
The old King is very seldom obeyed ; but the
princes are never.

The soldiers never mind theiiregimentil bugle ;
disobey their officers, and neglect their duty ; they
are never mustered, and never dressed in unform.
The noblemen and Begums, together with the
princes, regret for the loss of their joyful days:
They consider the arrival of mutineers at Delhi a
sudden misfortune for them.

The princes cannot understand the Sepoys with-
out au interpreter. The shells have destroyed lots
of houses-in the city ; and in the fcrt tho marble
of the King's private hall is broken to pieces. His
Majesty is very much alarmed when a shell is but st
in the castle, and the princes show his Majesty the
pieces of it. any of the royal family have left the
palace through fear. The Delhi college was de
stroyed the first day. English books are lying in
tho streets still. The Sepoys beaten and imprison
people for speaking English.—Lahore Chronicle..

THE HISTORY OF THE CAWNPORE
MUTINY.
(From the Calcutta Englishman, July 28.)

We have received the following particulars of
the outbreak and massacre at Cawnpore from a
person who has just come down from that place and
who was present throughout the affair
He reports that some eight days before the mutiny
broke out, or say eight days previous to the sth
ult., General Sir Hugh Wheeler, seeing-the dis-
affected spirit of the troops, npplied to Nena Sahib,
of Bithoor, for a guard for the protection of . the
Treasury. This request was promptly complied
with, and Nena sent two gums. and 200 Nujeebs,
armed with matchlocks, and these were placed at
the Collectorate over the treasure. A day or two
before this Sir Hugh Wheeler had sent elephants
to remove the treasure, amounting to about seven
lace, to the intrencliment ; but the Sepoys would
not allow this to be done, saying to the collector,
who had told them that he was apprehensive of the
treasure beine- looted by the budmashes and muti-
neers from the other stations, that if there were
twice theatnount they would guard it from danger.
On the sth ult., about 3 in the morning, the Se
poys and &wars commenced burning their lines
and shoutiuL', and proceeded towards Nawabgunge,
where the treasure was, leaving one regiment to
prevent the Europeans from going to the relief of
the collector. By-and-by the treasure having
been packed on elephants and carts, this regi-
ment joined the others, and it was then about
midday, and the mutineers set off to the westward
in the direction of Kullianpore, and towards Delhi,
accompanied by the 200 Nujeebs, with the two
guns of Nena Sahib, leaving the inhabitants re-
lieved, as it were, by their departure ; and up to
that lime there had not been destruction of property
or loss of life. _ _ _

In the morning of the following day, about eight
o'clock, the
.mutineers, headed by Nena, with 60
of his followers and four guns (having, it seems
previously made up their minds to destroy all the
Christians, whether European or native), returned
to Cawnpore and halted about two miles to the west
of the intrenchment, planted standards, and took
up a position, with loud beating of drums. Imme-
diately after about 50 Sowars were despatched to
the cantonments b slay all the Europeans, and 50
Sowars to.the town where the poorer peop!e lived,
to kill all the native converts and clerks. Dur-
ing this time Nena Sahib hoisted two standards,
one to the honour of Mahomet, and the other of
Huuatnan ; to the former some 2,000 Mahomedans
repaited, to the latter but a few Hindoos, nine
from the city, but some of the budmashts. Ttje
main body of the insurgents first attacked the Na
wab's palace, and having blown open the gate with
their cannon, they entered the
place and gutted
and took the Nawab prisoner, Nara Sahib being
under the impression that the Nawab had concealed
some Europeans. .They then proareded to the in-
trenchments, and from 2 o'clock commencedthe
attack with cinnon, at first with two of the
and on the folloWing day with six. It appears the
Europeans within the intrenchments were not well
supplied With ammunition, a 3 'it is supposed they
did not expeA an assault with cannon, and thus
were only able to reply 'with one gnu to 20 of the
enemy's. For 17 days continuously the mutineers
used every now and then to .nralie an assault, with
4,000 or 5,000 men- from all quarters, with the.
view of carrying the'intrenchmeut by storm, but
were in variably repnisediwith h( avy loss. By this
time the Nena'Sfbrcei Radinoreased with the addi-

tion of budmashes and mutineers from other stating
to about 12,000 men.
On the 21st or 22d ult. Sir Hugh Wheeler sank
under the wounds which he had received, and the
garrison, three or four days after his death, being
short both of provisions and ammunition, and re-
ducedin number by several casualties, hoisted a flag
of truce. Nena Sahib then stopped the assault, and
sent to inquire what was meant by the flag. Answer
was returned by the Europeans to the effect that
they had neither food nor ammunition, and they
proposed to give up the country to him on his al-
lowing them to depart. To this Nena consented,
and for two days supplied them with food, and in
that time prepared boats for their departure. At
the end of this time Nena gave the Europeans his
word in writing, and he, his officers and head people,
confirmed it with an oath. The Europeans then
gave up their arms and the treasure in the intrench-
ments, amounting to about three lacs, and were con-
veyed in Hindostance gharries and hospital dhoo
lies, mot of the ladies being in the latter, under an
escort of Sowars, to the ghat, where they embarked
in 17 boats out of 19 that had been provided, with
the exception of some 32 ladies with children.

As soon as the boats had pushed off from the ghat
the boatmen jumped overboard and swam to the
shore, and then the mutineers opened fire on the
boats from a masked battery of eight guns, which ;
had been previously erected for the purpose. All
the boats were sunk, and the people on board killed,
with the exception of one boat that had passed down)
and some 20 Europeans who had managed to swig'
to the shore.

This boat was pursued by 500 Najeebs with two
guns, who came up with it on the second day, and
sunk the boat and destroyed every one on board Off
a place called Goshein-ka-Seerajpore. The 20 and
odd Europeans who swam on shore at Cawnpore
were blown away from guns in the course of two or
three days, some each day.
The 32 ladies and children who were left behind
wore conveyed by Nena into a pucca-house called
the Subhadhur, and kept in custody by Nena Sa-
bib's people, but without being insulted.
One Portuguese woman, the daughter of a bugler,
was made captive by a trooper of the 2d Cavalry,
and carried to his house, when the mutiny first
broke out ' • but when be was absent she took his
sword and killed his wife and two children, and
then herself.

Our informant states that when he left Cawnpore
on the Ist inst. the ladies and children were fed bf
Nena's own servant.

THE BENGAL NATIVE ARTILLERY AND

CAVALRY.

The Lahore Chronicle gives the following note
of the Bombay Artillery and .Cavalry. It is
satisfactory, says the Bombay Gazette, to see
that a large proportion of the former remains
still, to all appelrance, faithful. Of the regu-
lar cavalry, however, every regiment has either
mutinied or been disarmed. The Irregulars, both
horse and foot, are, for the most part, yet loyal :-**"