The Sun.
London, England, 1861-06-13 00:00:00

ROYAL PRINCESS'S THEATRE.--
Lessee and Manager, Mr. A. Harris.
THIS EVENING, TRUTH AND FICTION. Supported by
Messrs. F. Matthews,Widdicombe, Shore, Cathcart, Garden;
Miss C. Leclercq, Miss R. Leclercq, and Miss M. Harris.
Followed by THE MERRY WIVES OF WINDSOR.
Messrs. Phelps, Vezin, Widdicombe, &c.

lr EW THRATRE-ROYAL, ADELPHI.-
Sole Proprietor and Manager, Mr. B. Webster.
Reproduction of "The Colleen Bawn. " The Adelphi
"Census " every Evening.
THIS EVENING, the successful new Farce, entitled A
TURKISH BATH. Mr. J. L. Toole. Mr. P. Bedford.
After which (205th time), THE COLLEEN BAWN. Mr.
D. Boucicault, D. richer, Billington, Falconer, Stephenson,
C. J. Smith, Romer, Howard, Ward ; Mrs. Boucicault, Miss
Woolgar, Mrs. Billington, and Mrs. Chatterley.
To be followed by a new apropos Sketch, THE CENSUS.
Messrs. J. t,. Toole, Eburne, Romer, C. J. Smith ; Miss
Kate Kelly, Miss E. ilhorne, and Mrs. Chatterley.

resurreri.

Doors open at half past 6—Commence at 7.

TO-NIGHT. Benefit of the Rocky :Rountain Wonders.
lISTLEY'S ROYAL A MPHITHEATRE.-
T HIS EVENING, the most successful '4pectacle ever
produced, M AZEPPA, with splendid scenery and stately
effects. To be followed by the Rocky Mountain Wonders
and SCENES in the CIRCLE. Concluding with the Panto-
mime Ballet entitled JOCKO, the Brazilian Ape. Reduced
prices. Doors open at hall-past 6..

CANTERBURY -HALL CONCERTS
AND FINE ARTS GALLERY.
EVERY EVENING,
Two Grand Selections from celebrated Operas, including
Verdi's new Opera, THE BAL MASQUE (first produced
in England and only to be heard at this Establishment), with
a Chorus of Forty Voices, and upon a scale unequalled at any
other Concerts.
Miss Russell, Miss Ernst, hlr. Greville, Mr. Herbert, Signor
Tivoli, Mr. Bernard ; the popular Solos on the Cornet-a-
piston, by Hr. Levy (the first performer of the day) ; the
Brothers Conrad (in an entirely new and original entertain-
ment on the double rope, not to be seen elsewhere); con-
tinued success of Mr. Wood and his talented little Son.
The Comic Department comprises the following favourites
—Mr. Marshall, Mr. Hollingsworth, Mr. Blanchard, and
numerous other artistes.
Re-appearance at these Concerts of Mrs. Lawrence.
Musical Director, Mr. JONGHMANS.
T H
E 0 X F ORD

6, OXFORD-STREET. -
Mr. LEVY, undoubtedly the best performer of the day on
the Cornet-a-Piston—Grand Selections (on the most complete
scale) from Dinorah, Martha, Stradella, Sm., and other vocal
and instrumental music, by Miss Russell, the Misses Stuart,
and Miss Ernst, Messrs. Charles Greville, Fornari, Kimber-
ley, Bernard, Beaumont, Bervon, Huish, Signor Tivoli, and
lirr. Henry Herbert, with full band and powerful and selected
chorus, conducted by Mr. F. Jonghmans.—The following.
Comic talent, Messrs. W. Randall, j. Blanchard, W. H. Wie-
land, Hollingsworth, E. Marshall, Harvey, and French. and
the Brothers Conrad in their latest and best entertainment,
every evening. Admission, Halt, sixpence; Balcony and
Stalls, one shilling. Private Boxes, 10s. 6d.

- -
SIGH `PATER AT LONDON BRIDGE.
THIS DAY.—Morning, 4h. 53m.—Afternoon, sh. 16m.
To-moßaow.-Morning, sh. 37m.—Afternoon, sh. 58m.

TUB WEATHER.—SUN OFFICE, JUNE 13, 1861,
THERMOMETER, IN THE SHADE.
71—highest since noon yesterday.:
55—lowest this morning and during the night.
72—this day at noon.

BAROMETER-30.25.
WIND—S.-Easterly—rather fresh ; with fine warm sum,
mer weather, but cloudy.

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its population.
But here arises the embarrassment of Northern
complicity with slavery. The North has in its
hands the power to terminate the strifd in a very
short time, but it wants the boldness. How miser-
able, in such a crisis, is the policy of even ABRA-
HAM LINCOLN. Just as at first he and Mr. SEWARD
ignored the rebellion, so they now ignore the posi-
tion in which it places them in regard to Slavery.
General BUTLER tells the Government what he has
done. The Government replies, quite right. Yon
will keep " such persons " as run away to you ;
keep an account of their earnings and the cost of
their maintenance, and what we shall do with them
finally must be subject for future consideration.
That is—if their masters return to us we will re-
turn their slaves to them ! And what is the reason ?
Because " we cannot recognise the rejection by any
State of its federal obligations ; nor can we refuse
the performance of the federal obligations resting
on the Government."
This seems like the blindness of infatuation ;
butin regard to the Union, the Republican
party are infatuated. The Union is their
God. Right and wrong, Slavery and Free-
dom, are nothing compared to the Union. They
are as proudly determined on this subject as the
South are on Slavery. We believe that, legally—
that is, viewed by the light of the Federal Consti-
tution—the South is utterly wrong. Yet no one
can deny that it has much common sense on its
side when it says, " If the tempers of the Free and
the Slave States do not admit of pleasant co-opera-
tion, then let them separate." The South does not
care about a big Union—one big enough to bully
every foreign Power with whom it has intercourse ;
it is content to be, in the military sense, a small
State. The North cannot brook this, It cannot
endure the loss of half the territory of the Union,
and a third of its population. Hence the object
of the North is to get back the States
again just as they are, as much Slave
States as ever ; to receive slavery again,
with all its abominations, into the bosom of the
Union, to enforce fugitive slave laws, and to
abolish personal liberty laws, that slavery may
have full swing.
Now this may be all well enough from the purely
technical point of view—but it is childish in revo-
lutions to base action on technicalities. America.
now wants a master mind to grasp the whole case.
Plainly the existence of slavery is the curse both
of the North and of the South. It is a hideous
wrong and evil, and will give neither side any rest
Kntil it is crushed out of being. The present
crisis offers the opportunity, if LINCOLN and the
Northerns knew but how to use it. One step as-
suredly ought to be to declare, that by warlike
secession, all the States guilty of it had cancelled
their claim on the Federal Government to tolerate

~ ~ .~~
_S

THE SUN.
LONDON, THURSDAY, JUNE 13, 1861.

Lord MACAULAY, in the posthumous volume (vol.
5) of his great History of England, speaks of the
Partition of Poland as the greatest political crime
that has been perpetrated in Modern Europe.
Nearly a century has elapsed—remembering the
time, " the best part of a century," remember-
ing the crime, "the worst part of a century," has
elapsed since the Partition of Poland was com-
pletely accomplished. As in the instance of some
of those frightful decollations which horrified the
world before the headsman's axe gave place to
the resistless blade of the guillotine—it took three
successive blows with protracted intervals between
them, it took three successive blows from the
Sword of Autocracy before the murdered King-
dom of Poland was effectually dismembered.
Divided nominally only, however, after all
—that the world has long since recognised
Insomuch that those who have all along sym-
pathised with the fate of Poland, with the lament-
able condition of the Polish people, may be said to
have sustained the hopes of each other in regard to
Poland, may be said to have kept alive hope even
in the innermost hearts of the Poles themselves, by
reverently applying to the future of the Polish
Nationality the Holy Words—
" She is not Dead—but Sleepeth !"
That is really and truly not so much the ardent
hope, as the earnest conviction, of those who still
believe, of those who have all along believed in
the rehabilitation of the Kingdom of Poland,
in the actual and substantial realisation once more,
in the sight of Christendom, of the apparently for
ever vanished day-dream of Polish Independence.
And it is because of this that we witness
still these annual meetings of the Friends of
Poland—friends clustered together under the title
of a purely literary, but, in truth, a distinctly
political association. Otherwise than for the belief
cherished in the hearts of the members of that
association in the veritable possibility of carry-
ing out the design they aspire to see -in the
end accomplished—otherwise than for their belief
in this as well as their hope for it, their
persistent enthusiasm in the cause would be
almost ridiculous, would certainly be utterly
incomprehensible. At the latest of these annual
meetings, at the society's rooms in Duke
street, St. James's, the Earl of HARROWEY,
about the least sanguine, though assuredly not by
any means the least zealous, among all the Friends
of Poland enrolled upon the lists of the associa-
tion, avowed quite as firm a conviction on his
own part, in the ultimate triumph of the cause, as
had been expressed immediately before the noble
lord rose, by that far more sanguine,
though hardly in any respect more zea-
lous, advocate of the rights of Poland—
the Earl of HARTINGTON. Immediate good for
Poland, the former nobleman declared quite frankly
he did not look for—but eventual liberation assur-
edly he du ! Referring to the actual state of
things in that unhappy land, Lord HARROWBY
well remarked, "Whilst Poland as a whole was
deprived of its national independence and its na-
tional unity, the severed portions were to be kept
uP as a distinct nationality; but it is now clear
that such an arrangement, however successful, as
it clearly has been, in keeping up the national
spirit, was preposterous, and therefore that the
treaties require :alteration. Within the last few
months it has been plainly shown that such alteration
is needed, and also that however much the land
of Poland may be divided Poland is at heart
united. I maintain it was not possible at the

the evil which they made the ground of
disunion ; that wherever, therefore, the old

Federation had to employ force to regain its
right, there, slaves, the cause of the war,
shonid be ipso facto free. That freedom, in fact,
should follow the march of federal armies into any
State, and the appearance of a blockading federal
fleet off any coast—that be the results of the libera-
tion of the slaves what they might, those who
made them a ground of secession must be answer-
able for them. Such a policy as this would enlist
Ithe goodwill of all Christian nations on the side of
the Nortb, and would, we fear, only put an end to
the war too soon—too soon, because the slave States
would fear armies equipped with liberty for the slave,
• e
more than batteries of the best Armstrong guns,
and they would give in to the Union before they had

been compelled to give up slavery. A letter from New
Orleans, which we publish from the Times, shows

how little to be trusted the slaves are, even so far

south ; it shows also that the South bust be really

more in want of fighting men than they profess to
be, since they have actually kidnapped British

residents, to make them, as FRANKLIN PIERCE

might say, "involuntary" volunteers.

Congress of Vienna to effect a different ar;;ge-
rnent than was then entered into for Poland; but
out of evil often comes good. Possibly if that
country had been reconstructed then into one
political body—a' political naity—we should not
have seen that happy union of spirit which the
last few months in Warsaw have called forth.
Should we have seen Protestants, Catholics, and
Jews all united in one common brotherhood of
feeling as now in Poland? Well, then, we may
hope that if hereafter Poland should become
a graat political unity, she win obtain greater
and more secure political freedom than she
would otherwise have found." It is exactly thus,
we may amen, with all the Friends of Poland in•

It certain does appear strange enough,
as Mr.
DISRAELI took occasion to remark last evening et
the Freemasons' Hall, while presiding as Chairman
at the anniversary banquet of the Agricultural
Benevolent Institution, that the claims of " the most
ancient vocation in the world" should only so
recently as last year (1860) have been formally
recognised by the establishment of any such
humane association. The reason for this, at the
first glance, apparently inexplicable oversight, the
right hon. gentleman went on immediately after-
wards to explain with no less lucidity than in-
genuity. He attributed the cause of no pre-
vious effort in this way haying been hitherto

THEATRE-ROYAL, HAYMARKET. discriminately—among the least sanguine, as well
Lessee, Mr. J. B. Baokstone. as among the most sanguine. All alike look
THIS EVENING, the periorrannees oommelme with
the Comedy of THE OVERLAND ROUTE. Messrs. Chas. forward with confidence to the ultimate restoration
Mathews, Buckstone, E. Villiers, Rogers, &c. , Mrs. Wilkins,
Mrs. C. Mathews, and Miss E. Weekes. to life of the Polish Kingdom, not merely with all
Followed by THE ADVENTURES OF A
LOVE ber ancient glories revived, but with her new
LETTER. Mr. and Mrs. C. Mathews.
And THE SUN AND THE WIND. born liberties confirmed and multiplied. It is
Commence at 7.
only a question as to when the hour shall strike
which is to be the signal for her resurrection. Old
though Prince ADAM CZARTOYSKI is, that vene-
rable and illustrious patriot may yet live to rejoice
in it—may yet live to see resurgam erased from
the national escutcheon of Poland, and replaced by

Both the Federalists and the Secessionists are
non-plussed with the peculiar property of the South.
Mr. WALTER, the member for Berkshire, last
night, said that capacity to take an oath was the
distinction between man and beast. We should be
inclined to take another test just now in the States
—namely, the capacity to distinguish the army
which would give freedom from the one that fights
for slavery. And judging by this criterion, a con-
siderable number of creatures held to be, like
quadrupeds and feathered bipeds, mere pro-
perty by the Southerns, are proving themselves,
according to PLATO'S definition, to be men—veri-
table men. They use their two legs to run off to
the Federal army, not to escape work—for they ap-
pear to work zealously enough to erect works
against those who supposed them to be mere pro-
perty—but to escape work under the lash.
General BUTLER was puzzled at first. Though a
Northern commander, yet from the training of
Fugitive Slave Laws, and a long pro-slavery
Government, he could not get rid of the notion
that beings running away for personal freedom
were really property, so he quite civilly sent the
property back to the very men he was fighting
against. Being, however, rebuked for this by his
own State Government, he discovers that property
so fond of freedom was "contraband of war." Re-
garding it as property, he was most certainly
right. No property could serve the objects of his
opponents so well as that which could throw up
fortifications for them, leaving its masters, free
from fatigue, to man the works. None could they
so ill afford to lose as that, the want of which
would compel them to do their own work, and
lighten the toil of General BUTLER'S soldiers. Nor
could the General more distress the enemy than by
letting it be known that all negroes, to whatever
part of Virginia he came, would be welcome to
fall back into the rear of his troops, with the cer-
tainty of protection from their old masters.
Eastern Virginia, where the slaves are as nume-
rous as the whites, would soon be deserted of half

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