The Sun.
London, England, 1859-10-24 00:00:00

THE ARMY.

A considerable amount of alarm was occasioned
to the officers and troops of the Royal Engineers on
parade at Brompton Barracks, Chatham, on Satur-
day afternoon, in consequence of a serious accident
which befell Capt. G. H. Gordon, R.E., while the
troops were undergoing their inspection. During
the temporary absence on leave of Major Stopford,
Capt. Gordon has been performing the duties of
Adjutant to the Royal Engineers, and on Saturday
afternoon was assisting in manoeuvring the men,
when the horse he was riding, which is a very
spirited animal belonging to Major Stoptord, sud-
denly reared up and threw Capt, Gordon on his
back, the horse turning completely over and falling
heavily upon him. Several of the Royal Engineers
immediately ran to the assistance of Capt. Gordon,
Gordon
had attendance,sus
sustained
ed when
some i t
_who was removed to his residence in the barracks
in a state of insensibility. Dr. Briscoe, Royal
Artillery, was
simmediately
pt. foundwratsille,
that a
severe internal injuries, but happily no bones were
broken. It will be some time before he will be able
to resume his military duties. Shortly after the
accident occurred the inspection was discontinued
and the troops dismis
sed to their quarters.
Lieut. R. Atl aorpe and Lieut. S. Fellowes, Royal
Engineers, a
le to proceed to Dublin for the pur-

pose of being attached to the Staff of the Comman.
ding Royal Engineer at that station.
The Ist battalion of the Rifle Brigade, stationed,
at Portsmouth, have commenced the use of'the
leather leggings which have been issued by .ordet,s
of his Royal Highness the Commander-in-Chief.
The general orders issued on Saturday at Wool-
wich announced that the field and siege brigades of'.
Royal Artillery would henceforth be distinguished
similarly to regiments of the Line, by the figures 1
to 14, to be attached to the left shoulder, immedi-
ately below the grenade at present worn by the
entire regiment, the grenade to be placed higher on
the shoulder, so as to admit of sufficient
,space for
the number below ; the depot brigade alone to be
exempted, A number of the most deserving. supe- ,
rior non-commissioned officers of the corps have
been recommended for commissions to officer the
eight companies of Artillery in course of formation, -
to supersede the invalid corps for the general de-
fence of the coasts of Great Britain. Officers of the
late Field Train corps at present unemployed will
also be brought in for commissions in the above-
named companies, which, it is expected, will be
fully organised during the present week.
A detachment of the Royal Horse Artillery pro-
ceeded to Si oebitryness on Saturday, from Wool-
wich, to take over the horses belonging to the Mili-
tary Train under orders to embark for China..

CAPTAIN F. L. lII`CLIN2 OCK, R.N.

As this distinguished Polar navigator is now en
gaging so much public attention, we think a brief
sketch of his life, with reference especially to his
Arctic voyages and explorations, wid not be unac-
ceptable to our readers. - F. Leopold M'Clintock
was born in the town of Dundalk in the year 1820,
and is the second son of the late Henry M'Clintock,
Esq., by Elizabeth, eldest daughter of the late Vene-
rable and Rev. George Fleury, D.D., Archdeacon
of Waterford. Captain M•dintock's father was
the youngest son of John M'Clintock, Esq., M.P.,
of Drumcar, County of Louth, by Patience, daugh-
ter of Wm. Foster, Esq., M.P., of Rosey-park, in
the same county. He entered his Majesty's navy
in 1831, before he had completed his twelfth year,
and obtained his lieutenancy in 1815, on the strolls:
recommendation of Sir Charles Hotham, in conse-
quence of distinguished conduct during the opera-
tions under this officer for the recovery of H.M.S.
Gorgon, when stranded at Monte Video. As lieu-
tenant, he served for two years in the Frolic, then
in the Pacific, and was paid off in the latter Cnd of
1817. Both before and after obtaining his-lieu-
tenancy, he studied with great assiduity and suc-
cess at the Royal Navy College, Portsmouth, and
was highly commended for his proficiency in the
different branches of science there taught, especially
in steam navigation. In the spring of 1848,feass
began to arise for the safety of Sir J. Franklin and
H.M,'s ships Enterprise and Investigator were sent
out in search of him. The command of this
expedition was entrusted to Sir James Ross,
and to his shin M'Clintock was appointed a lieute-
=at. It is by his unprecedented feats of daring
and perseverance in the search for Franklin that
Capt. M'Clintock has gained such a world-wide re-
outation. In the icy regions of the frigid zone he
has nobly sustained the character of the British
Navy, and upheld our claim to the highest place
among maritime nations. In this field, be it re-
membered, the great 'Nelson had his first lessons. in
the most arduous duties of naval life. This same
inhospitable region of the globe has witnessed the
greatest triumphs of British navigation, and has
strikingly brought out their finest qualities. The
hardy enterprise, the unflinching courage, the won-
derful endurance of such men as Frobister, Baffin,
Sir Hugh Willoughby, Davis, Hudson, Cooke, Sir
John Franklin, Sir Edward Parry, Sir John Rosi,
Sir James Ross, Sir Robert M'Clure, Capt. Crozier,
and Capt. M'Clintock, excite the admiration of the
civilised world, and deservedly rank such men
amongst the ablest mariners of this or any other
country. In each of the three great expeditions
equipped and sent out by the British Government
in search of the Erebus and Terror, Capt. 111•Clin-
lock took an active and prominent part, distinguish-
ing himself by the attention he bestowed to the
subject of pedestrian exploration, and especially by-
the extraordinary long journeys which he per-
formed. In 1519 he accompanied Sir James Ross
in a journey along the north-west shore of North
Somerset, when they travelled on foot 500. miles,
and were absent from their ship 40 days. Again,
in 1851, when attached to the expedition under
Capt. Austin, Capt. M'Clintock was able to make
a more extended journey, the distance actually
travelled being upwards of 900 miles, and the time
occupied therein 80 days. The year 1853 found
M'Clintock at Melville Island in command of her
Majesty's steamer Intrepid, one of the four ships
forming the searching expedition under the
command of Sir Edward Belcher. Having given
a great deal of consideration to the whole sub-
ject of sledge-travelling, M'Clintock was eliabled
to improve upon what had hithertoo been done.
From the very first he appears to have re-
cognishcd the great importance of this mode of
exploration in these regions, and to have availed
himself of every means to bring it to perfection.
The despatches of Capt. Austin testify to this ; and
we have the authority of Capt. Osborne for assert-
ing " that every part of the sledge scheme carried
out by Sir E. Belcher's expedition was grounded
entirely on Lieut. M'Clintock's .original ideas"—
(M'Clure's Discovery of North-West Passage). The
immense advantages that have been derived from
this mode of search alone, are best shown by the
fact that the different parties despatched from the
various expeditions have travelled upwards of 2,400
miles; whilst by the same means several thousand
miles of new coast-line have been surveyed and laid
down on the charts. In his sledge-journey of this
year (1853) Capt. M'Clintock surpassed not only
his former feats, but also those of every other com-
petitor, accomplishing on foot the extraordinary
distance of fourteen hundred statute miles in one
period of one hundred and five days. A journey of
the same length, and under similar circumstances,
had never previously been performed, and probably
will never be repeated. It was these achievements,
the result of skilful calculation, deliberate courage,
and indomitable perseverance, that obtained for him
the successive steps of commander and captain. By
the recent voyage of the Fox, howevor, M'Clintock
has earned a conspicuous place in the list of Arctic
heroes. This last expedition has accomplished that
which the two greatest of maritime nations had in
vain previously attempted—it has done what eleven
expeditions had failed to do. Capt, M'Clintock has
at length wrung from the icy north its secret, and
has solved " the great Franklin mystery." By so
doing we hesitate not to say he has upheld the
honour of the British nation. Had this grand re-
sult been effected through foreign enterprise it
would have wounded our national pride in its most
sensitive part, and for ever have tarnished the naval
fame of our country. But we must not stop here ;
our admiration increases when we think of the
limited means by which this great work has been
achieved. A solitary ship—a mere yacht, in fact
of about two hundred tons burden, fitted
out from private resources and manned by
a crew of twenty men and four officerB, formed
the entire expedition. In the first attempt of the
Fox to cross Baffin's Bay one of those serious dis-
asters incidental to Polar navigation occurred, such
as would have deterred any man of ordinary reso-
lution from prosecuting the search. The Fox got
helplessly beset in the main pack of ice, and for
eight months (viz., from 18th August to 25th April)
she was locked in its relentless grasp. At the er!ol
of this period the pack had drifted 1,200 miles in
a southerly direction, and the Fox was liberated by
a sudden breaking up of the ice, which for many
leagues surrounded her in every direction. On
this disruption taking place, the scene that pre-
sented itself must have been indescribably grand.
Huge masses of ice, impelled by the gale and
thrown into frightful commotion by the waves
dashed against each other with deafening uproar,
momentarily threatening the destruction of the
little yacht. As she advanced under sail and steam
to the edge of the pack, the sea became more violent, •
and the ice still so closely pressed together that
she could scarcely force the masses aside much less
escape fearful shocks that would inevitably have
crushed any ship of ordinary strength. This con-
flict lasted for eighteen hours, when providentially
the vessel got clear of the pack. It was an ordeal,
however, and tested to the very utmost the quali-
ties of the ship and her gallant crew. This danger
over, Captain 111‘Clintock nothing daunted, again
bore up for the north, and succeeded in reaching
Lancaster Sound early in the summer of 1858. We
need not here recapitulate the subsequent history
of the expedition, as this is fresh in the public mind.
We may take occasion, however, to say, that whilst
the main object of the search was kept ever pro-
minently in view, still no opportunity of advancing
the cause of science was left unimproved. A large
amount of observations relating to astronomy, ter-
restrial magnetism, tides and currents, the baro-
meter, electric and other conditions of the atmo-
sphere, &c., have been accurately recorded ; and a
vast number of specimens illustrative of the geo-
logy, as well as the fauna and flora of this region
of the earth have been carefully preserved to enrich

I our National Museum and extend our knowledge of
nallitallistory. Besides all this, the sledge jour-
_ news made by Captain Allen Young; Lieutenant
• Hobson; and Captain M'Clintotl, have enabled 'the
• geographer to define 800 miles of new coast line.
To ha voattained at the same time so many impor-
tant objects, and each in so efficient a manner, shows
. .in the strongest way how admirably the expedition,
was conducted. Although Captaiei M'Clin'tock.has
seen more Arctic service than perhaps any other
officer in her Majesty's Navy, having spent seven
-winters. within the Arctic circle and travelled on
• foot upwards of 3,500.mi1es in his various exploring
Journeys, his health, we under Stand, has not in any
way suffered. We are sure that every one will
cordially unite with us in the hope that he may
long be spared to his country, and that the British
nation may long enjoy the services of one who has
prow d himself to be endowed with so many rare
qualities of mind and body;

VAKEFIELD ELECTION COMMISSION.

WAKEFIELD, OCT. 22.
the sitting of the Commission this morning,
/Mr. Simpson was examined. He said--I was a
member of Mr. Leatham's committee at the last
"eketion. Some time before the polling-day Mr.
Wainw right came to me and asked for money, telling
me that 'Mr: Leatham was very tardy in supplying
it. I spoke to Mr. Lea.tham, and he said that Wain-
wright had twice had-£250, and that the money was
going very fast. Thisrivas 'early in the election—
certainly more than three Reeks before the polling-
day. I had 130 persorial linoWledge of bribery- being
carried on; but it was thoroughly understood in the
town soon, before the election, that both sides were
bribing away as hard as they coAild. I was on the
Continent when first the contest commenced, and
when I returned I heard that a man had come down
to do the bribery on our side. I spoke to Wainwright
about this, and he said it was nothing of the sort ;
the man had merely come to help in the election.
William Perkin, heerhause-keeper, said—l voted
for Leatham at the last election. Mr. Shaw, the
pawnbroker, brought me £2O. I told him I would
not have it if it was for bribery, but if he liked to
give it "free gratis" it was all right. (Laughter.)
I should have voted for Leatham without it.
Mr. Charlesworth was recalled, and in answer to
Mr. Sergeant Pigott, stated that he had no know-
ledge or suspicion who the " stranger" was. He
had no idea who sent for him, nor could he call to
mind having seen him in the town in the courss of
the election. If he had seen him he had no notion
of the business he .was upon.
Mr. Sergeant Pigott—Do you know whether
the " stranger" was an attorney from Darlington?
Mr..Charlcsworth—l presume you mean a per-
sonal friend of mine who is in the habit of staying
with me every year. lam quite sure that he is not
the man. lam certain he was not is the town at
the time—besides, he is a Whig. (Laughter.) I dcn't
remember seeing Mr. Serie with a stranger, but it is
possible that Mr. Serie may have been the person
who sent for him. I never heard that he did, nor
have I any means of knowing it, except from the
tenour of the evidence before this Court.
Mr. Sergeans Pigott—Do you know why Mn,.
Serle keeps out of the way ?
Mr. Charlesworth—l do not. I have had no
communication with him. lam sure I hope he will
make his appearance here. 1 think it is only just
to me that all those parties who know anything
about the election should come forward before you
and state it. I say this because I see the papers
are very unfairly giving me the benefit f the whole
of this business. When I was examined I told you
where the money came from, and I only regret that
I did not go on to tell you all about the debenture
without waiting for you to question me on the
subject.

- - - -
Mr. Sergeant Pigott—l can't help thinking that
if the subordinates of your party had had a good
example set them by the heads of it, they woul-1
have been more likely to make a full and true con-
fession before us. Wakefield has got a notoriety
for bribery; but I don't see why it should be noto-
rious for perjury as well.
Mr. Charlesworth—After hearing the evidence
here, I can't see why it should be so notorious for
bribery. It is quite plain that the large sums which
have been mentioned have not been actually spent
in bribery.
Mr. Sergeant Pigott—We shall form our own
°conclusions as to that at the proper time. Our
principal reason for sending for you was to ask
whether you could give us a clue to the " stranger,"
seeing that Mr. Serle, Mr. George Moore, Mr. Fer-
nandez, and your cousin, Mr. J. B. Charlesu orth,
the gentlemen who are likely to know about him,
are all out of the
Mr. Charlesworth—l can give you no clue what-
ever. I repeat that it is my anxious desire that
all persons who know anything should come -here
and state it. I am quite sure that my cousin will
return in time to appear before you. The debenture
for £5,000 was bought in April, 1856. (Mr.
Charlesworth handed in his private memorandum-
book, containing the results'of his canvass, both in
1857 and 1859 ; which he said would show that in
1857, at least, there was no occasion to resort to
bribery to secure his return.)
James Ritchie was canvassed on behalf of Mr.
Charlesworth by Mr. Barratt, who told him that
money was quite common in the town, and he
might as well have some as any one else. He had
a great abhorrence of takingc, bribes—(laughter)—
but he was over-persuaded by Ba:ratt and Miss
Sarah Ann Twibell, and agreed to vote for Charles-
worth: Three or four weeks after the election Mr.
Barratt brought him £4O. Where Mr. Barratt
got the money from he had no idea.
Mr. W. Bayldon gave John Collinson, who keeps
the Wharf Inn, £5O to vote for Charlesworth, and
paid him £ll for refreshments to watchers. Mr.
Fernandez gave him the money at the Strafford
Arms. Gave another voter, named Allot, £3O,
which he got from Mr. Serle. Had no doubt that
Mr. Serle knew what the money was for.
John Collinson, landlord of the Wharf Tun, ac-
knowledged having received the £5O from the last
witness. Had also been offered £l5 and £25 by
the other side.
Mr. A. B. Hickman agreed to pay John Stead's
rent if he would stand neutral, and to double it if
lie would vote for Charlesworth —that would be
£2O or £4O. Stead voted for Charlesworth, and
got the money. Mrs. Stead said she was a Blue,
and ought to have a new dress, and witness pro-
mised if Charlesworth won to stand one for her.
Mr. Sergeant Pigott—Was that meant to be £10?
Mr. Hickman—Oh, dear, no. A £lO dress would
frighten her.
William Taylor voted for Charlesworth, but got
nothing for it. The night before the election he
got very drunk at the Borough Market Inn, where
he fell out of a window and broke his leg. Knew
nothing about it until he woke in bed at six o'clock
next morning.
Mr. Hayworth, landlord of the George Hotel, said
--A committee of Mr. Charlesworth's sat at my
house during the election, but I took very good care
to know nothing of what was going on. I remem-
bered the fate of a person at Beverley who
meddled with electioneering and got fined £lOO
with 12 months' imprisonment for his pains, and
thinks I to myself, "They'll never catch me at that
game." (Laughter.) I was determined therefore to
take no notice of anything. Of course I knew from
common rumour that there was mischief brewing.
My bill comes to about £lll for hire of rooms, re-
freshments for Mr. Westmoreland and Mr. Serle,
the expense of keeping the " fortune teller" Clark
for three or four days, and the expenses of the re-
joicings when the Charlesworth party thought they,
had won. There was a" spontaneous burst" of cham-
pagne at the close of the poll, and when once in-
troduced it went like wildfire. My bill has not been
paid yet. In 1857 my bill was under £37. There
was no treating of voters at my house during that
election.

Thomas Binniagton said—l voted for Leatham
without a bribe. As I was going up to the poll, I
was stopped by a stranger, who asked me where I
was going. I replied, "That's my business," and he
then said, "If you'll vote for Cvarlesworth I'll give
you £50." I walked on, and then he said, " I'll
make it £100." I said, " No •, I'll go to the poll
with clean hands," and walked on without taking
any more notice of him. He was low in stature,
and rather stout, dark brown hair, and apparently
a working man, with something like a fustian
jacket on. He seemed like a Yorkshireman by his
speech.
Everett Billinton voted for Charlesworth, but
received nothing for it. Thomas Moorhouse offered
him £2O to vote for Leatham, but he refused it.
Thomas Moorhouse said he had bargained with
the last witness for his vote for £2O, which was
not to be paid until the vote was given. Cn going
to fetch the man to poll early in the morning he
met a Conservative agent coming out of his stables,
which aroused his suspicions, and on getting into
the house Billinton refused positively to fulfil his
bargain. He could not persuade him to go to the
poll, and after a little while he gave him the slip
and went off and voted for Charlesworth. No
doubt he got money for it.
Billinton was recalled—Swore positively that he

.NE-V.S 'ke ,13.
I had voted "free grais," and gavwt_ii.
it th story about`being-Tisi tecf.7;l.,.
--r,
4 4.,
T e examination and re-exa I,i Oiki i 171
•-: e.) -..ii
U CSSeS in this case took up. .fig_c=l2--... g,t
but, as usual, the discrepancy \CA ~--!,.*..,..%).41a. 41/
complete, and the swearing on bN.2 :'??7----rlt - . ,-.45/2"
tive that it was impossible to say on-iV .• •h s`, e:, s
truth rested.
Thomas Hudson, publican
,voted for Lealham
without a bribe. Jeremiah4iddup, of the Grapes
Inn, offered to get his house opened to the tune of
-£2O or ;£3O, and. £BO or X9O for himself if he would
vote for Charlesworth. Had heard SC :_.7 '-
former witness who swore that be bad. received
nothing) state in a public company that he had
got 4.450 for voting for Charlesworth.
Mrs. Mountain said that her husband stood
neutral at the last election. He went out of town
on the polling day, and in the afternoon two young
men, strang,ers to the town, came to the house and
offered 4100, 4'200, or £250, if she would tell where
her husband was gone.
Samuel Oldham voted fo'r Leatham for X2O,
which was given him by Armstrong, the pawn-
broker. The bargain was made a fortnight before
the election.

Benjamin Lynas, a grocer, said-1 voted for
Leatham at the last election. The week before Mrs.
Barret came to my shop and asked me how I was
going to vote. I said I should not tell any one.
She said, I have come to offer you £3O for a pound
of 'pa. I said I had.a personal objection to take a
bribe, and refused her offer. She came next day
and offered £4O, but I still refused, and she went
out saying, "If your name is found on the polling-
book for Charlesworth you shall have the £4O all
the same." I understood from her conversation that
her husband had two other voters to look after.

Mr. Benjamin Haigh said that a person came to
his house and offered him £5O if he would vote for
Charlesworth. lie then offered £lO more. His
daughter told him that the person was George
Moore. He voted for Mr. Leatham, and Mr. Wain-
wright sent him .E 5 after the election with his
compliments.

Mr. Thomas Senior said he was an iron mer-
chant, and was canvassed in the election of 1857
by Dyson„Charleswor,„ W, said, if wit-
ness woulkpltpdge himself foj Charlesworth, he
would take care he had some good orders for iron.
Witness knew that he had good orders to giTe.
He told him at first he should consider of it ; and
afterwards that he should vote for Mr. Leatham.
That was before Mr. Leatham retired. He knew
of no other offs of that kind in 1857, nor of any
bribery in that election. He knew of no case in
1859, and there was no attempt to operate on him
in the same way at thil late election, when he voted
for Mr. Leatham.
Mr. E. J. Pickslay said he was associated with
Mr. Westmorla,nd as law agent for Mr. Charles-
worth in 1847. He knew nothing of the expendi-
ture whatever, except that he received £5O for his
services soon after the election. He could not
account for the extra expenditure which Mr.
Charlesworth had incurred in 1857. He knew
nothing till after the commission opened about the
£3OO to £5OO which Mr. Charlesworth was called
on to pay after the election. He did not know who
was the paymaster in that election. He only can-
vassed four persons in the election of 1859, but used
no improper influence. He knew of no feasting in

1857. -
The court adjourned till Monday.

ALLIANCE BETWEEN. FRANCE AND

AS PA 1.17.

An alliance between France and Spain against
Morocco—or, at any rate, a war simultaneously
threatened by both those Powers against her—is by
no means reassuring to Great Britain. It is felt
that France has no appreciable pretext for such a
war ; and that although Spain may have had a pre-
text, nevertheless the Government of Morocco has
evinced a disposition to redress the grievances or
Spain, which ought to preclude the Cabinet or
Madrid from a resort to hostilities. This country
is always jealous of wars waged without adequate
reasons. When England perceives a war to be
entered into upon insignificant and almost illusory
grounds, she of course concludes that there are
motives for Such a war which are held in the
background. This country has a threefold
interest in the independence or neutrality of the
territories which command the entrance to the
Mediterranean. There is the Rock of Gibral-
tar • then there are our dependencies of Malta
and the Jordan Islands; and, finally, there is a
third British interest of still more vital import,
connected with our power on the Rock and in the
Straits, and now yearly rising in force—our com-
munication with India by way of Alexandria.
We are reminded of this third consideration by
what is perhaps the simple coincidence of the
audience piSt granted at—Paris by the Emperor of
the French to M. de Lesseps and his colleagues,
who are identified -a ith the project of the Suez
Canal, which the British Government bas, under
every Ministry, firmly and consistently opposed.
And, without committing ourselves to any view of
the actual motives of the French and Spanish Go-
vernments, we cannot forget that the acquisition of
influence along the seaboard of the Mediterranean
has been pre-eminently an Bee Napoleonienne. Nor
is it less certain that, during the last few years, the
influence of France along that seaboard, both in the
Lavant and the Western Mediterranean, has attained
an extraordinary development. The late Italian war
has just produced that effect so far as the coasts of
Italy are concerned, and.nearly the same may be
said at Constantinople, at Alexandria, and in
Algeria; while the French navy has vastly in-
creased. We can hardly, perhaps, blame the French
for taking advantage of recent years, in which we
have been too supine to keep Oce with them. But
it is clear that Great Britain has three distinct in-
terests at stake in a war waged by France and
Spain against Morocco, which it must be her duty
to watch with anxious care.
Five French steam-frigates are reported to have
just sailed from Toulon, for the conveyance of French
troops against Morocco; the Spanish preparations
have been made with equal determination • and
Marshal O'Donnell formally announced on Friday
last the withdrawal of the Spanish Consvl from
Tangiers. This last event appears to preclude
further negotiation. In regard to Spain, why is
O'Donnell in such extravagant haste for the com-
mencement of hostilities ? His grievance, such as
it is, is a chronic one, Yet he takes the opportunity
for war just as the old Emperor is dead, and the
new Emperor is struggling for his authority against
a hostile faction in his own dominions. He does
so, too, in disregard of the diplomatic interposition
of the British Government, who have this extra-
traordiLary claim upon the Court of Madaid, that
they guarantee the Spanish monarchy. A Spanish
Ministry, one would say, would hardly persist in
this course without some powerful backers from
without. Indeed, a war between Spain and Morocco
is an event almost without precedent in modern
times, whlle the grievance is of perpetual standing.
We cannot therefore understand the adoption of
such a course at this moment, in spite not only of
the mediation of this country, but of the c)ncilia-
tory disposition of Morocco itself. What the real
grievance of Spain against Morocco is, we have
lately stated at length. It may he briefly recapi-
tulated to be that certain small bands of lawless
Moors have made petty attacks upon the Spanish
town of Ceuta, on the African coast of the Straits;
and though Spaie has a right to demand that she
shall not be subjected to this annoyance from a
professedly friendly power, it appears that the
loss of life sustained in these encounters has not
exceeded one or two sentries at a time. No Maho-
metan Government has ever yet maintained such
effective secularisation as to coerce all its wander-
ing tribes on the verge of its dominions. The
Court of Tetuan has frankly confessed its incapa-
city to restrain these bandits, but has shown every
disposition to do so. Tne organs of the French.
Government, on the other hand, pretend that these
little detachments of Moors make excursions into
its Algerian territories ; but there is no evidence or
notoriety of the fact, and it is strange that the com-
plaint should only have been mae coincidently
with the resolution of Spain to avenge these petty
attacks on Ceuta.
But even granting that all is as alleged, do the
French and Spanish Governments really imagine
that they would redress the grievance by the ope-
rations which they design ? If a French army enters
Morocco from Algeria by land and defeats the re-
gular troops of that State in a general action, will
that defeat reduce the Moorish bandits to a state of
subordination ? On the contrary, it will reduce the
power of the Court of Tetuan to restore order.
Again, if the combined squadrons of France and
Spain should bombard Tangiers and Mogador, will
the destruction of life and property in those ports
suppress the robbers who come down from the hills
round Ceuta to fire shots at the Spanish sentries.
It would be much better that Spain and Morocco
should undertake the chastisement of these robbers
by a local expedition from Ceuta, formed of a small
force from either State. . It surely would never be
tolerated that Russia should go to war with :Cur-
key
to approach Tiflis and occasionally phoo
key because a few wandering Arabs shotulad
and we are
hostilities has ever been substantiated;
sentry. But with regard to France,
war predetermined
in the position of spectators of a
ainst a State with
pretext for
Rhussian
on the most frivolous pretences g_
associated
in-
terests a
dcpreencteTeve or whit i_..Lurvielydii‘tererwrasn.ean in-

BENsoN,s ATCTIES.
" Perfectio "—Morning Post.
n of mechanism.
Gold Watchea: ................. 4 to 100 guinms.
Silver Watches ................ 2to tO3, guineas.
33 and 31, Luthate-hill, London, B.C.
Send 2 sti7nps for Benson's Illustrated Pamphlet on Watches.

ROYAL

NI: IS 11 OPERA,
COVENT-GARDEN.
Under the mana.s,remen, of Miss L. Pyne and air. W. Harrison.
THIS EVENING, D I.N CRA H. Messrs. Santley,
Corn, St. Albyn, and W. Harrison. Misses Pilling, Thirl-
wall, and Miss Louisa Pyne.
Conductor, Alfred Mellon.
DIVERTISSEMENT. 21Idlles. Legaine, Pasquale, Pier
ton, and Mons. Vandris.
Commence at

o'clock.

THEATRE-ROYAL, HAYMARKET.
Lessee, Mr. J. B. B:Lckstone.
THIS ETENING the performances Will commence with
THE ROAD TO RUIN. Mr. C. Mathews.
And PAUL PRY. Mr. al:L(1111s. C. Mathews. Commence at 1.

ROYAL PRINCESS'S THEATRE._
Lessee, Mr. A. Harris.
THIS EVRNTNG, the performances will commence with
LOVE'S TELEGRA.PIL
After which, PUSS ; or, Metempysychosis. Miss L. Keeley.
To be followed by a dramatic tableau in Watteatc colours,
by J. R. Pla.nche, Esq., entitled LOVE AND FORTUNE.
To conclude with THE TWO POLTS.

NEW THEATRE - ROYAL, ADELPIII.
Sole Proprietor and Manager, Mr. Benj. Webster.
Open for the Whiter Season.
THIS EV E NING will be performed ICI ON rAnti;
FRANCAIS. Messrs. J. L. Toole, Chas Selby, and Miss
After , TEM WILLOW COPSE. Luke, Mr. Ben.
Webster ;which Hulks, Mr. David Fisher; Augustus, Mr. J. L.
Toole ; Staggers, Mr. Paul Bedford.
Followed by LOVE AND HUNGER. Mr. David Fisher,
Mr. Paul Bedford, C. Selby, C. J. Smith, Miss K. Kelly, Miss
Laidlaw.
Doors open at half-past six—Commenco at seven. Box-
Oißoe open from 06. No charge for securing seats,
nor for bills ot performerce. All fees to servants of this
establishment are strictly prohibited.
Acting Manager—Mr. Wm. Smith.

ROYAL ST. JAMES'S THEATRE,
King-street, St. James's. Lessee, Mr. T. B. Chatter-
ton. The nearest Theatre to Chelsea, Pimlico, and West-
minster, the Park being open to carriages and foot passen-
gers all hours of the night.
THIS EVENING, Poole's comedy, THEY'RE BOTH TO
BLAME. Messrs. Leigh Murray, Barrett, Walter Carle ;
Mesdames Frank Matthews, Murray, Catharine Hickson.
After which the successful Ballet Farce, by John Oxen-
ford, Esq., entitled MAGIC TOYS, supported by Miss Lydia
Thompson, Miss Clara St. Casse, and a numerous Corps de
Ballet.
To conclude with the New and Original Burlesque, by L.
Buckingham, Esq., of VIRGINIUS ; or the Trials of a Fond
Papa.
Reduced Prices—G allery, 5d ; ls. The ox-office on
from 11 to 5 daily. Doors open at 'half-past B
six ; perform open
from 11 to 5 daily. Doors open at half-past six; perform-
ance commences at 7.

ROYAL STRAND THEATRE.
Lessee and Directress, Miss Swanborongh
THIS EVENING, THE GOOSE WITH THE GOLDEN
EGGS.
Al ter which THE GREAT RUSSIAN BEAR; or, An-
other Retreat from Moscow.
Followed by THE VERY LATEST EDITION OF THE
LADY OF LYONS.
And CAUGHT BY THE EARS.
Commence at 7 o'clock:

ASTLEY'S ROYAL AMPHITHEATRE,
Westminster-road.
Sole Lessee Mr. William Cooke.'
Brilliant rec,•ption of the New historic 'l Drama, by To
Taylor, Esq., called GARIBALDI, sustained by
a New Dra-
ni
matic Company, full Stud of beautiful HorsEnes, Characteris
fort
Costumes and Picturesque Scenery. ga9,ement a
limited period of the Great Delavanti troupe, Gymnasists
par excellence ; also, Little Menda, the most Wonderful
Juvenile Equestrian in the World. Scenes in the Circle by
Star Riders and talented Equestrians. Terminating with a
Laughable Farce.
Stage Manager, Mr. R. Phillips

CANTERBURY HALL CONCERTS.-
EVERY EVENING.—The Music of Verdi's Opera of
MACBETH (now first made public in England at these Con-
certs).
And a Grand Selection from Meyerbeer's new opera of
DINORAII.
Comic Vocalists -Messrs. George bison (the Irish Come-
dian and Mimic), W. Critchfield, and E. W. Mackney.
Several interesting Pictures are added to the Fine Arts
Gallery. The suite of Halls have been re-decorated and
beautified, and constitute one of the most unique and brilliant
eights of the metropolis.

THE WEATHER.—Sun OFFICE, OCTOBER 23.
THERMONETER, IN THE SHADE.
43 —highest since noon yesterday.
38--lowest this morning and during the night.
42—this day at noon.
BInomETER-29.42.
WIND, Northerly.
OCT. 24.
THERMOMETER, IN THE SHADE.
42—highest since noon yesterday.
34—lowest this morning and during the night.
41—this day at noon.

BAR() METE it--29.43.
WIND, North-Westerly ; light. Sharp frost in the
night. The thermometer was down to 27 at Islington.

•
HIGH WATER AT LONDON BRIDGE.
THIS DAY.—Morning, 12h. 4m.—Afternoon, 12h. 27m.
To-Mon:now-Morning, 12h. 49m.—Afternoon, 1. 11m,

, co__L„-_,),,, 4 rib. ,
4 „..sc:,,, 0.1.1 I • M 11.1( .1/4.7,4- ..t
'P
sP,
g4---4,..,,;:t.,;:,--,::,,,A.::,
,-,-icz.:e!:..--
4rti, '
, - 21----11-A,N'e-/"7--,, 0 ...i ' :„,.. ' - 'r=rtc--i'rr ' ''' •
. in e•.; I, „,,,, ;1,,,,,,m„.•••••*,....:
~.. . 1/4t.,
t* • '--,-.lok.'t; \--,„--,,,,. 4

THE SUN.
MONDAY, OCTOBER 24, 180.

The territorial demarcations upon the map of the
world are still being revised industriously as they
have been modified now continually from time
immemorial. AlEncATon's Chart perpetually re-

quires republication. It presents to view an ever-
changing series of outlines. And, if there are no
longer nowadays those wholsale transformations
which in past ages have, at intervals, startled not
simply this island from its propriety, but a whole
continent, or even a whole hemisphere—the changes

still are hardly less frequent, less distinct, or less
appreciable. An entire kingdom no longer dis-
appears from the surface of Europe, as in that
memorable instance when Poland was clean obli-
terated at one fell swoop from amongst the great

powers of Christendom. New state's no longer
start into existence, like those ruled for a

brief period, now scarcely half a century since, by

the mushroom Kings of Etruria and Westphalia.
But changes there• are, nevertheless—alterations
in the frontier lines of Europe, of Asia, of Africa, of

America, very recently either actually effected

boldly attempted, resolutely threatened, or ener-
getically in preparation. It was only the other
day, for example, that the boundaries of the king-
dom of Sardinia were suddenly stretched in an
easterly direction so as to embrace the whole of the
fair and beautiful plains of Lombardy—the boun-

daries of Austrian Italy thereupon of course con•

tracting proportionately to the borders of Venetia,
or, at any rate, to the immediate vicinity of the
Quadrilateral. It was only a month or two
back that we learnt, by our advices from British
Columbia, that the United States' troops had posi-
tively made a flagrant incursion upon the disputed
territory of the island of San Juan ; and erecting
fortifications there, had summoned around them, by
way of additional security for the retention of the
spot of ground seized, the lawless complicity
of a squatter population. From the opposite

extremity of the globe there comes to us
again, but very recently, disastrous tidings
of that outrage perpetrated by the flagitious
Chinese at the mouth of the Peiho, which
necessitates a new expedition on the part of
England and France. An expedition certain to re-
sult in the occupation either permanent or tempo-
rary (more likely the former), of new tracks of land
hitherto belonging to the Chinese Government,
but henceforth particularly likely to apper-
tain to our already vast and scattered colonic'.
empire. And now from the fourth quarter—
(for Europe, Asia, and America have already
as will be seen furnished us with vivid illus-
trations enough of the subject upon which we
are here descanting)—from 'Africa there now comes
to us the long looked for news that war is no longer
simply imminent, but that it is by this time abso-
lutely declared, between Spain and Morocco. The
grievances long rankling between the two last
mentioned powers have been at last brought
to what has for months past been suspected would
prove the one inevitable crisis resulting in, what it
has now resulted in, namely the throwing away of
the pen and the drawing of the sword, or in other
words the open declaration of hostilities. The sig-
nal for this has been the death of the late Sultan
or Emperor of MOROCCO, and the . advent to