The Sun.
London, England, 1861-01-31 00:00:00

THE SUN, LONDON, THURSDAY EVENING, JANUARY 31, 1861.

Eman,-tipation, thy) Reform Bill, Negro Emancipa-
Austria and the Government of Hungary riven
asunder, until it eventually lay prostrate in the tion, Mun.'oiPal Reiorm, Repeal of the Corn Laws,
dust : and Hungary, through the treachery and and Free Trade ? With hardly an exception, they
ingratitude of that race of Kings for whom she had are compelled, prf,ctically, to confess their errors,
done so much, for whom she had fought so bravely, and to say, we are all Free Traders, all Reformers,
to whom she had adhered through all the great at least moderate Reformers, now. Mr. SCHOLE-
Napoleonic wars with such devotion, Hungary, in FIELD expressed, what we cannot doubt to be the
return, found herself stripped of her ancient inds- general feeling, well in his speech at Birmingham
pendene,e. last Tuesday—" The question," he said, " now pro-
At length, in 1848, came her opportunity. And pounded in many quarters is whether we shall have
nobly, gloriously did she avail herself of that same a Reform Bill during the ensuing session of Parlia-
opportunity. It was then, at that great crisis in merit or not. I know nothing about that, but Ido
the history of the nations of Europe, that the know that if the Government of this country brings
stipulations contained in the ever memorable in no Reform Bill during the ensuing session, it will
Pragmatic Sanction were, to all intents and purposes, have committed one of the greatest offences a Go-
revived, renewed, reiterated. Austria, in other vernment can commit—it will have neglected
words, was then driven, in regard to Hungary, to a great opportunity. Let them beware lest the
make an act of immense restitution ! Again were time should come when we shall have to say—
defined all the great national rights and privileges you are too late. Let them refuse:Reform now, and
of Hungary and the Hungarians. Again were the let a time of war come—let a time of commercial
people of Hungary reinvested with their ancient distress come—then would the responsibility of the
prerogatives. No more talk, then, of building Government which had neglected such an oppor-
up anew in Vienna the detested Hungarian Aulic trinity be great indeed. Government after Govern-
Chancellerie. The administration of the affairs of ment has promised a Reform Bill, and Government
Hungary was to rest, not with the Imperial Go- after Government has failed to keep its promise.
vernment, but with the Hungarians themselves. Now one of two things must be the case ; either
A constitutional Cabinet of Ministers—it was Government does not wish Reform, and if they do
arranged then, in 1848, as it had been arranged not, the false pretensions are a blot upon their hon-
more than a century and a quarter previously, i.e., our no subsequent conduct can remove; or they do
in 1723, through the terms of the Pragmatic Sane- wish for it, and are not competent to frame and to
tion—a constitutional Cabinet of Ministers was to carry a measure of Reform, and in that case it is
govern Hungary in Hungary (not fromVienna)—was their bounden duty to resign their place to abler
to be responsible to the Hungarian Diet (not to the and to stronger men."
imperial councils of Scheenbrun). The Hungarian The dilemma in which Mr. SCHOLEFIELD places
forces were thenceforth, once more, to belong to the the Government is one from which we do not see
kingdom of which they were the recognised de- how they can escape, except by the manly and
s
fenders, and that army was only to cross the fron- straightforward course of persisting in what they
tiers of Hungary in obedience to the mandate, or made their ground of taking office, namely, :the
rather with the express compliance of the Runge. necessity of such a Reform Bill as they could pro-
rian Diet. Hungary, again, according to those vide. We might, like many earnest Liberals,
laws, which echoed in 1848 the sacred principles deprecate moving on the subject till we could see
and solemn stipulations eanbodied is the Pragmatic a good storm aroused which would carry a bill
Sanction—Hungary thus again reclaimed to herself worth having ; but we adhere to our practical

the right of regulating her own finances apart from
those of the long embarrassed and now virtually
bankrupt empire. In 1848, in fact, as previously in

view of always getting every practical instalment
of Reform, in any department whatever. And, in
the prebent case, we regard the Government as

1723, as it had been visibly and avowedly and con

bound by every consideration to do something

tinuously from 1527 to 1723, in reality from the
very beginning of the anxious—and at length (as
events have proved it to be) the fatal period when
the Princes of the House of HAPSBURG have
reigned over the Hungarians—again, after years of
treachery and misfortune, the people of Hungary
reclaimed to themselves in 1848, in those famous
laws of 1848, their ancient and really inalienable
rights, but above everything the arch-right of all,
that of possessing and enjoying, altogether apart
from Austria, a strictly independent and truly
national Government. That was their right as

worthy of their position. If Ministers give us in
the Law Department a good Bankruptcy Bill, and
and in that of Politics a Reform Bill worthy of the
men who refused the DERBY Reform Bill as too
little, they may get through next session with
credit. Neither of these can they afford to pass by.
If, in addition to this, they can initiate arrange-
ments by which they may save a few millions now
wasted by mal-administration, without impairing
the efficiency of our navy or lowering our military
security, they will well deserve the thanks of the
country.

defined in the Pragmatic Sanction. That was their

right reclaimed through the laws of 1848. It is
their one ambition now to reconquer it again—it is

Lady Molesworth has left town, on a visit to Sir
Anthony and Lady Rothschild, in Buckinghamshire.

their one sole aspiration. And let us rest perfectly

The Earl and Countess of Yarborough and Lady
Sophia Pelham are prolonging their stay at the. Bedford
Hotel, Brighton.
The Duke and Duchess of Richmond are sur-
rounded by a family circle at Motcomb. Among the
guests aro Mr. Algernon Greville, Miss G. Greville, Major
Greville, Mr. Algernon Cox, and Sir James Elphinstone,

well assured of this—sooner or later, that glorious

hope of theirs will be realised.

A contemporary, who professes to make public
what Mr. EDWIN JAMES has told his friends in
private, tells us that the hon. member, in the event
of the QUEEN'S Speech making no allusioq to the
Reform question, will move an amendment to the
Address. We do not profess to have had any pri-
vate conversation on the subject with Mr. JAMES
which we can report ; but, we can say that the
member for Marylebone will have the cordial
approbation of his constituency, and of all liberal
constituencies in England, if he really intend to
act in the manner just mentioned. Should the
Government advise her MAJESTY to be silent on
the subject of Reform, some one must be found to
do more than merely advert to it in a speech ; the
omission must be noticed by a vote of approval
or censure ; and Mr. JAMES, who, as an
advanced Liberal, censured so severely the Bill of
last session for its shortcomings, and is even said
to have done more than others to bring it to an
untimely end, is in some respects the most fitting
man to demand a better Bill. It is not for him to
lie under the charge of having got rid of one
Reform Bill, without having settled his plan for
securing a better. He ought indeed to get us a
much better one, if he and those of the Liberals
who joined him in talking and amending the Bill
of last year out of the House, are to atone for that
mistake. Agistake, we say, because our policy has
always been to take any reform offered us,
little or great. We would have squeezed an
objectionable clause or two out of Lord DERBY'S,
and taken that, and we held it to be pure faction
which rejected it altogether. In like manner we
would have accepted Lord JOHN RUSSELL'S and
made the best of it, though none could deem it a
" poorer little Bill" than we did. But the member
for Portsmouth has told us the true reason why
that Bill was pushed aside ; the very personal one
—that members did not like a new election. That
reason, however, will not do for ever. If we are first
to be told that a Parliament towards the end of its
term is not the Parliament to legislate on Reform,
but that a Parliament must be elected ad hoc—
and then that the Parliament elected ad hoc cannot
be expected to do the work for which it was elected,
because it would ensure its own early dissolution
—when are we to get a Reform Bill at all ?
We have not the slightest ground for conjecturing
what will be the course of her MAJESTY'S Govern-
ment next Tuesday on this subject; but we have
ample ground for judging what, both in honour
and expediency, it ought to be. On the point of
honour we do not see how there can be a shadow
of a doubt. The present Government first super-
seded Lord DERBY'S on the question of a Reform
Bill. Next it introduced its own new Reform Bill,
and carried it to a second reading. Lastly, not a
single hostile vote was given against it in the
House of Commons ; there is no formal or technical
censure of the Government proposals on record, and
the fact of the case is now plainly stated to be, by
a member who must know the House thoroughly,
that its progress was obstructed by endless speeches
and amendments to spare the speakers and movers
of amendments another appeal to
Billtotheirrectonnfseteittau,enntost.
Lord J. RUSSELL gave up his
re rejecta, and he has not therefore the pretext to
allege that he has been repudiated in his character
of Reformer. While the present Government exists
it is obviously either in office by a factious proceed.
ing, or it must assert its position as a Reforming
Government. It were political cowardice and
meanness to desert the colours under which it
ejected Lord DERBY.
As to the expediency of proceeding with Reform,
at a time which all tell us is so remarkable for
quietness on the subject, one would suppose that
among the aristocratic classes there could hardly be
two opinions on the subject. They may naturally il
like to put off the evil day as long as they can, still,
after so many lessons within the last thirty or
forty years, it must be supposed they are become
alive to the danger of compelling a popular agita-
tion to carry measures, which cannot be resisted for
ever, and of which, when carried, they lose all
the credit by their resistance, indeed, rather incur
the odium of having opposed to the last what all
now feel to be great benefits. What Tory likes
now to be reminded that his party opposed Catholic

ELECTION OF THE BISHOP OF WORCESTER.--
WORCESTER, Wednesday.—To-day the Dean and Chapter
of Worcester assembled at the Chapter-house in the Col-
lege precincts, for the purpose of proceeding to the election
of a bishop of the diocess in the room of the late bishop,
Dr. Pepys. The conga d'elire directing the Chapter to pro-
ceed in the election recommended as the successor of the
late bishop the Rev. Dr. Henry Philpott, Canon of Nor-
wich, Master of St. Catherine's College, Cambridge, and
Chaplain to the Prince Consort, and he has accordingly
been formally elected to-day. The usltal formalities of
election having been gone through, the certificates of such
election were made under seal and forwarded to her Ma-
jesty, the Archbishop of Canterbury, and the Bishop Elect.
The new bishop will not, according to the act constituting
the Bishopric of Manchester, be entitled to a seat in the
House of Lords until a vacancy arises in a see other than
Canterbury, York, Durham, or Winchester.

EMBEZZLEMENT AND SUlClDE.—Yesterday Mr.
Carter received information of the suicide of a young man,
named Pope, under the following painful circumstances :
Having been instructed a few days since by his father, a
stonemason and beershop-keeper, in Park-road, Clapham,
to pay some money to a tradesman in the vicinity, the
young man did not pay the money, but told his father he
had done so, and upon being rebuked for such conduct,
after admitting he had spent the money, he left his father's
house and went to his home, and on going upstairs delibe-
rately loaded a gun that hung over the mantelpiece, and
which was always kept unloaded, and, putting the muzzle
to his mouth, blew the upper part of his head and face
completely away. The deceased, a fine young man of about
24 years of age, has left a wife, who is enceinte, and one
child to lament the sad catastrophe.

THE BODY OF A CHILD IN A RAILWAY PARCEL.
—A few days since an extraordinary discovery was made
at the terminus of the London and North-Western Rail-
way, which shows the facilities which railways themselves
afford for the perpetration and effectual concealment of the
most diabolical murders. On the 26th November last a tin
box arrived at the Euston Station from Liverpool, ad-
dressed to P. P. Williams, 60, Regent-street. The box,
which from its size appeared somewhat heavy, was duly
conveyed to Regent-street as directed, but it was discovered
that no such person as P. P. Williams resided there. On
being brought back to the station it remained in the un-
claimed parcels office till Friday last, in the expectation
that there would be some claimant who would describe it.
It was, however, then opened by the authorities, and was
discovered to contain the remains of a child covered with
quick lime, which had so far done its work that little beside
the bones of the skeleton exist. It was taken to the dead-
house of St. Pancras Infirmary, but whether the coroner
will hold an inquest has not been decided.
ACCIDENT ON THE SOUTH COAST RAILWAY.-
An accident, happily unattended with serious consequences
occurred yesterday morning to the early up-train leaving
Portsmouth at 6 a.m. A little beyond Ford, and between
that station and Littlehampton, the railway is carried over
Arundel Creek by a single line drawbridge, a necessity
imposed upon the company when the railway was made by
the then Board of Admiralty. The double rails at either
end of the bridge converge into a single line, and points-
men are stationed on both sides of the river to direct the
trains up and down, and telegraph to the adjoining stations
of Ford and Littlehampton when the bridge is opened to
allow craft to proceed up to Arundel. A cattle train which
leaves Brighton for Chichester market every Wednesday
morning, awaits on the Littlehampton side the passage
of the early up-train across the bridge, and the points
are altered so as to allow the London train to diverge on to
the up line, and proceed on its journey. Yesterday morn-
ing the pointsman in charge, as it appears, in a fit of momen-
tary oblivion, seized the lever as the passenger train crossed
the bridge, and turned it directly into the cattle train,
which, as usual, was waiting to allow the up-train to pass.
The collision was a violent one, and very much alarmed a
single passenger who was in the train, but beyond an inter;
ruption of the traffic for two or three hours, no serious con-
sequences occurred. The pointsman has been given into
custody, and will have to answer for his misconduct. In
the last session of Parliament, the South Coast Company,
after very considerable opposition and difficulty, obtained
power to' throw a permanent iron structure with a double
line of rails over this creek, so that in a few months all
danger of a similar mischance will be at an end.

MORE MASSACRES IN STRIA.—A letter from
Alexandria, dated the 12th of January, conveys important
news from ,Syria. It states that a fresh massacre of Chris-
tians by Druses has been perpetrated. The number of vic-
tims is not given, nor the name of the village in which the
alleged massacre took place. We are merely told that
while the inhabitants of a village on Mount Lebanon were
attending service in a church a band of Druses burst into
the sacred edifice and horribly massacred them. On the
receipt of the news Fuad Pasha, the letter adds, immedi-
ately despatched a body of troops to the place, who sur-
rounded the village and took some 950 of the Druses pri-
soners, and they are said to be now under trial at Beyrout.
THE FUTURE MISTRESS OF THE WHITE HOUSE.
—lt is stated that Mrs. Lincoln lately called to see the por-
trait of "her Abraham" being painted by Hely. " She is
of medium size, slightly inclined to embonpoint; her face is
oval, and as remarkable for its regular and rounded out-
lines as is her husband's for angularity. She has soft eyes,
dark hair, fair complexion, and altogether as agreeable a
face as one would wish to see. Her dress was brown or
oak-coloured silk, with greyish flowers and leaves. It was
made full with flounces, fitted well, hung gracefully about
her person, and trailed just a trifle. Her bonnet was of
black silk, trimmed with cherry ribbon, which, with a dark
mixed shawl, neatly fitting kid gloves, and a rich lavender
coloured parasol, completed her costume. She was accom-
panied by two chubby, rosy faced boys of five and eleven.
' Bob,' the Prince of Rails,' her eldest child, is pursuing
his studies at Harvard. Ihese three boys constitute Old
Abe's family.' "—Washington

LArIET NEWS.

TB_E WEST INDIA, P.4CHIC, AND

MEXICAN MAILS.

(REUTER'S TELEGRAMS.)

VIENNA, JAN. 31.

The semi-official Donau Zeitung gives a denial to
the news published by some Belgium journals,
that France had declared that she would consider
any aid given to Austria by German Federal
troops in a war with Piedmont, as a violation of the
principle of non-intervention.

SOUTHAMPTON, WEDNESDAY.

The Royal Mail Company's steam-ship Tasma-
nian, Captain Weller, with the above mails, has
arrived.

The Comitat of Gomor demands that the abdica-
tion of the late King Ferdinand should be commu-
nicated to Hungary, before the coronation of
Francis Joseph as King of Hungary is decided upon,
and declares that the King must reside in Hungary.

ROME, JAN. 30.

On Monday last two thousand Sardinians with
Cavalry and Artillery attacked the reactionary
troops at Canco. The fight lasted seven hours.
The Piedmontese and the Neapolitans afterwards
evacuated Pontifical territory.

BERLIN, JAN. 30.

In to-day's sitting of the Chamber of Deputies
the proposed address in reply to the speech of the
King was read. The following is a summary :

The Chamber has learnt with satisfaction that
preparations are being made for the conclusion of a
commercial treaty between France and the Zollve-
rein, whereby, among other advantages, the cheer-
ing prospect is opened of two great nations finding
a better opportunity to compete for the prize in
works of peace.
The address expresses a hope that, by the ener-
getic employment of all proper means, the Govern-
ment may succeed in• re-establishing the Con-
stitutional state of things in Electoral Hesse. It
acknowledges it to be a national duty of Prussia to
bring about, in common with the other German
Federal States, a satisfactory solution of the ques-
tion of the duchies of Schleswig and Holstein, and
considers it certain that, in case of Federal execu-
tion in Holstein, the rights of Germany in reference
to Schleswig will be reserved.
To-day the King sent his reply to the address of
the First Chamber. In this reply his Majesty
expresses his thanks for the manifestations of deep
grief at the loss of the late King and for the devotion
to his own person testified in the address of the
Chamber. The King then continues :

" I have openly and distinctly explained the
principles of my Government on assuming the
Regency, and have stated what I wish to accom-
plish. I will not break with the past, but I intend,
when my, convictions urge it upon me, to make
improvements in the institutions of my country, as
my father of glorious memory did in 1808, and as
my late brother was also induced to do by the
events in his epoch.
" I have marked out before me the limit to which
I can go, and I will strictly follow the course upon
which I have decided. We must not conceal from
one another that we are perhaps approaching
troublous times.

"In view of this probability, everything depends
upon the country being, through its representa-
tives, united to me. I hope, I desire, and I expect
this. It is thus only that we shall be strong both
at home and abroad, and be able to await the
future with confidence."

SOUTHAMPTON, THURSDAY.

The Peninsular and Oriental Company's steamer
Alhambra, with the Peninsular mails, arrived off
the Needles at 12.5 p.m.

LIVERPOOL, THURSDAY.

The Cunard screw steamer Palestine, Captain
Martyn, from New York on the 18th instant, has
arrived here. Her news has been anticipated by
the Bremen.

The Tasmanian brings in all 45 passengers,
amongst whom are Captain Killeen, Lieut. Grant,
Lieut. Bussell, two non-commissioned officers, and
five privates of the 21st Regiment from Barbadoes.
She brings specie amounting to £256,910, of which
£21,331 in gold, £233,863 in silver, £1,571 in
pearls, £BO in jewellery, and £65 in platin a, and
a cargo of 2,739 packages general merchandise,
consisting of 411 serons of bark, 981 serons of
indigo, 6 serons ofjalap, 152 cases of cigars, 3 bales
of tobacco, 20 casks of coffee, 11 live turtle, 5 cases
of tortoiseshell, 20 cases of succades, 32 bales of
india-rubber, 358 pkgs. silver ore, 363 bags of cocoa,
and 177 packages of sundries.
The Tasmanian experienced violent gales from
N.W. and N.E. to S. On the 19th, in lat. 25.30 N.,
long. 59.35 W., she spoke the Floating Cloud, of
Liverpool, from Rio to New York ; all well. On
the 26th she passed through the centre of a cyclone,
lat. 44 N., long. 26 W.
At Demerara there had been very little doing in
the colony since the departure of the last packet.
Immigrant ships were coming from Calcutta in
rapid succession ; 1,318 immigrants had already
arrived since the 16th of December, 1860. Several
vessels were daily expected from India, and others
from China.

FRANCE.

ThePatrie publishes the following :

" We have received some fresh v details from
Gaeta, by which it is confirmed that the attack of
the Piedmontese squadron produced comparatively
little effect. The expectation is that for the future
the fleet will confine itself to blockading the port,
the gunboats occasionally firing to annoy the town.
In consequence of an order received from Turin, a
measure similar to one witnessed at Sebastopol
has been adopted.. A part of the vessels are to
land their heavy guns, and form batteries on shore
to be worked by the seamen. The San Michell
has already landed a number of guns, and the
other ships will follow her example."
BOURSE, Jan. 30.—The market has shown less
firmness to-day, and prices show a decline on the
closing rates of yesterday. For the Account,
Threes are now at 67f 80c ; Mobilier, 672 f 50e ;
Northern, 961 f 25c; Mediterranean, 918175 c ; Aus-
trian and Lombard, 477 f 50c.

The weather during the fortnight had been fine
with a few occasional showers.

The following are the last quotations :
ft per per Cents ... 97 10 , Credit Fonder 925
Do. end month.... 97 251 Belgian 4} 9B 75
3 per Cents
Do. end month 67 65 ! Roman . 73
Bank Shares 2880 i Austrian
Credit Mobilier.... 667 501 Spanish Threes 47 50
Do. Account 668 75 I Home Debt

RAILWAYS.
Cash. Account.
Orleans l3BB 75 .. 1383 75
Northern 960 .. 957 50
New ditto BB7 50 .. 892 50
Lyons and Mediterranean 915 .. 915
Geneva 367 50 ..
Southern 516 25 .. 513 75
Western
Eastern .... 590 .. 592 50
Sardinian 382 50 ..
Austrian
Lombard 473 75 .. 471 25

The sugar crop for 1860 was 5,500 hhds. short of
the exports of the previous year.
At Barbadoes the weather had been very season-
able. Light showers had been frequent since the
commencement of the year in most parts of the
island. The air was cool ; at times almost cold.
The young cane crop was nearly planted, and the
early plants were everywhere springing well ; the
old canes continued to improve and were ripening
satisfactorily. The crop promised well. A few
estates had commenced making sugar, in a small
way, but the crop reaping was not expected to begin
in earnest before the end of this month, if the
showers kept up not perhaps before the end of
February or the beginning of March.
The islands were all healthy.