The Sun.
London, England, 1861-06-01 00:00:00

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THE SUN, LONDON, SATURDAY EVENING, JUNE 1, 1861.

SPORTING INTELLIGENCE.

THE PAPER DUTIES.

EPSOM RACES--FRIDAY.

The last debate on the Paper Duties was signal-
ised by an agreeable piece of novelty. Mr. Cobden,
who, amid the cheers of the House, reappeared in
his place after long absence, gave au official expla-
nation of a matter which twelve months ago was
sadly mystifying the public mind. We were nego-
tiating a Commercial Treaty with France, and
arranging for a more liberal exchange of commo-
dities on the principle of equivalents. Duties were
to be reduced and importations encouraged on both
sides; privileges were to be surrendered, and we
were to give and take on fair terms for our
mutual advantage. At this conjuncture it trans-
pired that in a certain particular England was to
give all and take nothing. French paper was to be
admitted to this country duty free, while French
rags were to be loaded with a heavy export duty
to keep them from our markets. France was to
debar our papermakers from access to her raw
material, while she undersold them in the manu-
factured article by virtue of this very privilege.
With this proposal our manufacturers were, not
unnaturally, dissatisfied. They had no objection'
to free trade in paper if it were accompanied by
free trade in rags, but they protested against an
arrangement which would enable their rivals to
secure themselves so plain a superiority of position.
It was asked how so one-sided a bargain could ever
have been accepted by the representative of English
interests; and it was concluded, on very rational
grounds, that Mr. Cobden had either been over-
reached in diplomacy, or that in the multiplicity of
questions before him he had allowed this point to
escape his observation. It was either an oversight
on our side, or a smart stroke of policy on the
side of our neighbours—there seemed no other way
of explaining the case. Mr. Cobden, however, has
now explained it differently, and placed it in an
entirely new light.
The truth was that at the time the -French
Government was negotiating with us it was con-
templating negotiations with Belgium and other
countries, and, with these designs in view, was
desirous of retaining in its hands the power of
making certain concessions which might facilitate
the intended transactions. In the matter of rags,
for instance, the French might desire to open the
trade with Belgium on terms of reciprocity, and
obtain free imports while they allowed free exports.
If, however, the rag trade was summarily made free
as regarded England, it would virtually become
free as regarded Belgium, since free exportation to
this country would have been equivalent to free
exportation altogether. Belgium, through England,
could have obtained French rags duty free, and
would therefore have gained a privilege without the
necessity of making any concession in return. So
the French Government desired to reserve the rag
question for more comprehensive arrangements, in-
stead of parting with its power under circumstances
which would leave it helpless in subsequent nego-
tiations. All this was imparted to Mr. Cobden in
good faith and without disguise, and he, upon
being thus admitted to the secret, gave his " full
consent" to the reservation proposed. That is
the real history of the transaction. That is why
rags were not set off against paper, as they should
have been.

The Oaks day was true to its traditions, and it brought
the most successful meeting perhaps ever held at Epsom
to a brilliant termination.

The Ewell Stakes of 5 sovs each, with 50 added.
Mr. J. Dawson's Neophyte, 5 yrs, Bst 131 b (A. French) 1
Mr. Osborne's Lopcatcher, 3 yrs, 7st 41b (Challoner) 2
Mr. Phillips's Deserter„3 yrs, 7st 71b (Mid geley) 3
Mr. Hughes's Remunerator, 5 yrs, 9st 11b.... (Hughes) 4
Betting—Even on Lopcatcher, 5 to 2 agst 'Neophyte, 7
to 2 agst Deserter. Deserter' went away with the lead,
Lopcatcher being second, and Remunerator third, the three
keeping close company, Neophyte lying off about three
lengths, until nearing the mile post, when the lot separated,
and ran in the order in 'which we have set down their names
until descending the hill at Tattenham-corner. Neophyte
then drew up to Remunerator, and just after crossing the
road Lopcatcher- got on good terms with Deserter, who
seceded at the distance, and Neophyte, on the upper ground,
joined Lopcatcher, obtained the lead at the Grand Stand,
and won cleverly by three-quarters of a length. The third
was beaten by six lengths, and the fourth nearly double
that distance.

The Oaks Stakes of 50 cove each, h ft, for three-yr-old
fillies, Bst 71b each, the owner of the second filly to re-
ceive ma soya out- of.the stakes, and the winner to pay
100 sovs towards the police and regulations of the course,
and 30 soya to the judge. One mile and a half, over the
over the new *course. 171 subs.
Mr. Saxon's Brown Duchess
Mr. Harrison's Laily'Ripon (Bullock) 2
Mr. Cartwright's Fairwater - (J Osborne) 3
Mr. T. Valentine's,Silverhair (Aldcroft) 4
Mr. •Flemines Ilemesii (J. Mann) 0
tiMr. O'Hara's Tattoo (J. Snowden) 0
tMr. W. l'Anson's Caller Ou (Challoner) 0
Lord Ailesliury'O Sister to Avalanche.....(Withington) 0.
Lord Chesterfield's Babette filly ..6,....„(j. Rogers) 0
Mr. H. Jones's Eastern Princess "green) 0
Mr. J. Smith's Wombat (Custance) 0
Mr. Henry's Vergiss-mein-Nicht (G. Fordham) 0
Lord Stamford's Lava (A. Edwards) 0
Baron Rotbschild's Queen of the Vale ( Wells) 0
Count F. de Lagrange's Gabriel d'Estrees (H. Grimshaw) 0
Mr. Capel's Coleur de Rose
Mr. Ingham's Wild Wave (Sharpe) 0

Betting-3 to 1 each agst Nemesis and Fairwater, Bto 1
each agst the Babette filly and Silverhair, 9 to 1 each agst
Gabrielle d'Estrees and Wombat, 10 to 1 agst Caller Ou,
and 100 to- 8 agst Brown Duchess. The jockeys were
weighed, the horses saddled and mounted, and conducted
to the post by the appointed time—three o'clock. The
patience of the spectators was, however, severely tried be-
fore the start was effected. The delay was most vexatious,
but the starter was most powerless to prevent it. He per-
suaded and threatened certain jockeys by turns, but his
orders were disobeyed with a recklessness which was quite
surprising, considering how severely the stewards of the
Jockey Club have of late dealt with delinquent jockeys.
To draw up the competitors in compact order, and at a pro-
per distance behind the post, was a task as irksome
to Mr. M‘George to accomplish as it was tedious to the
spectators to witness. Both Sam Rogers and George Ford•
ham, in the most praiseworthy manner, set a good example
by a scrupulous obedience to the starter's orders, but their
good conduct was not imitated. After nearly a dozen false
starts,in which Tattoo, Silverhair, C ouleur de Rose, Gabrielle
d'Estrees, Nemesis, and Fairwater, were the most promi-
nent performers; the signal was given, and Caller Ou, on
the outside, got away about two lengths in advance,followed
by Nemesis second, Fairwater third, Tatoo, Gabrielle
d'Estrees, Queen of the Vale, Lady Ripon, and the Babette
filly heading the ruck. Just after passing the mile post,
Fairwater took up the running, Caller Ou going on second,
Nemesis third, Lady Ripon and Brown Duchess next. After
rounding Tattenham Corner, Caller Ou dropped back, and
Nemesis on the outside, and Silverhair in difficulties on the
lower ground, showed in attendance on Fairwater, Brown
Duchess rapidly improving her position. Just all er passing
the road, Lady Ripon headed Fairwater, who gave way at
the half distance. Brown Duchess made her effort opposite
the stand, got on good terms with Lady Ripon, and, getting
her head in front, won, after a severe race, by a neck, Fair-
water finishing a length only from Lady Ripon, and three
lengths from the third came Silverhair, who was flogged in
from the distance. At a wide interval from her was
Wombat, fi th ; close up with whom were Caller Ou, Queen
of the Vale, Nemesis, and Vergiss-mein-Nicht, in the
order named. Wild Wave was pulled up and did not pass
the post. After the race, J. Snowden, Aldcroft, and J.
Goater were summoned before the stewards and repri-
manded. The value of the stakes is £4,700.

We are glad to receive this explanation of a
puzzle; but when Mr. Cobden proceeded, with an
intolerance which neither travel nor diversion ap-
pears to have mitigated, to denounce as self-seeking
and unscrupulous slanderers those who commented
on facts as they appeared to them, we submit that
the injustice of his complaints is established out of
his own mouth. It is perfectly plain from his own
words that both be himself and those with whom
he was dealing regarded the case exactly as it was
regarded over here. The French Government felt
that in proposing to retain the tax upon rags while
we remitted that upon paper, it had an explanation
to make which our representative would consider
his due, and it made that explanation accordingly.
Mr. Cobden felt also that such a proposal required
to be justified, and it was only after a full disclosure
of the case that he gave his " consent" to the reser-
vation which the French desired. Nothing can be
clearer than that both the parties engaged in the
negotiations saw the matter itself in the same light
as the papermakers and people of England ; but
they knew certain things which the British public
did not know, and which they took as their justifi-
cation for a seemingly unfair arrangement. Their
exculpation may be admitted, but with what justice
can we be denounced for arguing on the ease as i t np-
peareil to the world, in default of that information
which was possessed by the negotiators alone ? So far
from faultfinding, Mr. Cobden ought to applau
us for taking a course which he would have taken
himself, had he not been admitted to secrets from
which we were excluded. How were the people in
this country to divine the particulars which he now
discloses? They could only go by what they saw.
They saw a glaring partiality in these provisions of
the treaty, and Mr. Cobden saw it as well as they
did ; but he knew a secret which induced him to
" consent" to it, while we at home were all left in
the dark. This accounts for a difference of views ;
but it scarcely entitles Mr. Cobden to use such very
hard words against those who went, precisely as he
would have gone, by the only light they had.
But Mr. Cobden, after this explanation, reverts
to the general argument, and maintains that we were
bound by the true principles of free trade to remove
duties, apart from any consideration of reciprocity.
Free trade required that we should untax French
paper whether the French chose to tax their rags
or not. There is no doubt of this. That is the
policy which Peel practised and Cobden preached ;
but, unluckily for the argument, it is not the policy
which was represented in the particular mission
on which Mr. Cobden was engaged. We might, if
we pleased, have proceeded on these principles,
and removed or reduced the Customs duties on
wines, and silks, and paper simply for the sake of
principle or profit, without any reference to the pro-
ceedings of France. But this was not the course
adopted. If it had been, we should not have needed
any treaty, or any plenipotentiary to frame one.
The decisions might all have been taken and car-
ried into effect at home, as in any other matter
of domestic concern. For some reason or other,
however, we chose to depart from these principles,
and to make the whole business a matter of nego-
tiation, reciprocity, and equivalents. Imports and
exports were to be balanced against each other, and
an elaborate Commercial Treaty was to ratify the
great international bargain. Under these circum-
stances the appeal to Free-trade principles becomes
inadmissible. We had given up those doc-
trines for the time, and it was because we had done
so, and because reciprocity had been recognised as
the new order of the day, that the papermakers
asked for their share of consideration. As the whole
affair was one of giving and taking, why should the
manufacturers of paper be debarred from privileges
which all other manufacturers were receiving, and
be compelled to give up everything while they got
nothing ? Why should they alone be dealt with
upon the estract principles of Free Trade, while
other classes enjoyed the protection of a Commer-
cial Treaty ? Mr. Cobden will not find much sup-
port in this branch of the argument
A very, few words from Mr. Baring explained
the mistakes into which Mr. Cobden had fallen
through long absence from this country and its
public discussions. He entirely misconceived the
position of the paper question and the state of popu-
lar feeling. Nobody is now thinking about penny
papers or untaxed knowledge. Those topics have
long been obsolete. The objection taken to the repeal
of a tax—an objection which Mr. Cobden thought
so extraordinary—has been based upon very
important and very intelligible principles.
At a moment when a heavy expenditure
is forced upon the nation people did
not like to see a productive tax gratuitously surren-
dered, on the condition that when its produce is
wanted again, as may any day be the case, the gap
should be filled by a fresh addition to the tax upon
incomes. That is the whole history of the late
opposition ; and so strongly, indeed, were these
views entertained, that if the repeal of the paper
duty had been now brought forward for the first
time, and on its own merits alone, it is not likely
that it would have been carried. The actual case,
however, was far otherwise. The tax had been
contemned so repeatedly, and it had created em-
broilments of such high political importance, that
it could not possibly stand. We are heartily glad
that it has been at length disposed of, and that a
question has been set at rest which it was impolitic
in the extreme to leave unsettled, and which could
never have been settled except by such a decision
as was taken on Thursday night.--limes.

The Derby and Oaks Stakes of 5 sous each, with 30 added;

optional selling weights ; half a mile.

Captain Coates's Dux, 2 yrs, £5O, Est (Roper) 1
Captain King's Gazelle, 2 yrs, £5O, Est (Daley) 2

The following also ran :—Fister to Morella, Evangeline,
Grant, Antioch, Master Flatman, Treachery filly, Spanish
Fly, Naughty Girl, and Cupid.
Betting-5 to 4 agst Spanish Fly, 9to 4 agst Gazelle, 7
to 1 agst Dux, 10 to 1 agst Sister to Morella, and 100 to 8
agst any other offered. The winner was sold for 170 gs.
The Eighth Great Surrey Foal Stakes of 10 sous each,with
100 added for three yr-olds. Colts, Bst 71b ; fillies, Bst

41b. Last nail° of tho Derby course. 21 subs.
Mr. Gratwicke's Undergraduate, Bst 21b (E. Sharpe) w.o.
The Durdans Plate, of 200 sovs, given by A. Heathcote,

Esq. Derby course.
Mr. Harrison's Lady Ripon, 3 yrs, Est 31b .. (Whiteley) 1
Mr. Hodgman's Industrious, 4 yrs, Bst .. (G. Fordbam) 2
Mr. S. Jacobs's The Don, 4 yrs, 6st 71b (J. Adams) 3

The following also ran:—Remunerator, Vulture, Sharp-
shooter, Viscountess, and Gloom colt.

Betting-5 to 4 agst Lady Ripon, sto 2 agst Viscountess,
fi to 1 agst Industrious, and 6to 1 agst Vulture. Sharp-
shooter made the running until turning Tattenham Corner,
with Industrious second, the favourite next. On rounding
the turn into the straight, Lady Ripon took second place
to Sharpshooter. At the distance Lady Ripon was in front,
but, swerving very much before she reached it, she ap-
peared to b?, beaten, when Whiteley called upon her, and
she, answering gamely, won cleverly by three lengths. The
Don was a bad third, Vulture fourth, and Viscountess fifth.
The others came straggling in, with Remunerator last.
The Glasgow Plate of 50 sovs. Half a mile.
Impatience,Mr.
H udson'sA.liss Emma, 3 yrs, 7st (carried 7st 21b)
(A. Edwards) 1
Capt. Christie's Miss Julia, aged, lOst 71b (G. Fordham) 2
Mr. Hughes's Fractious, aged, 3 yrs, Sst.. (D. Hughes) 3
The following also ran :—Lady Clare, Diana, New Brigh-
ton,
Betting-2 to IBaegds°tui MissnrJeuulsi aa
, filly,
3 t alnaduFst Freersatoentieo.us, 7
to 2 agst Miss Emma.
THE Two-YEAR-OLD -- 0- EAR-OLD STAKES ON THURSDAY: We
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The French duty on steel goods was almost prohibitory,
but they long since removed every possible obstacle to the
introduction of Herring's magnetic brushes, &c. Dr. Hassall
reports " I regard them as the most perfect brushes hitherto
made, as respects their mechanical construction, and their
magnetical action." They are the remedy for grey hair, neu-
ralgia, rheumatism, &c. N.B.—Counterfeits are being
made. Offices, 32, Basinghall-ptreet, London.

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