The Sun.
London, England, 1861-06-27 00:00:00

THE SUN, LONDON, THURSDAY EVENING, JUNE 21, 1861.

of the cadets of the Royal Navy was not a plan by
any means to be exclusively relied upon, After-
wards the Duke of SoMERSET went on to remark—
" It was said that if they were not to promote naval
cadets they might at least promote masters in the
navy ; but in the first place the masters in the
navy now ranked as lieutenants, and therefore it
would really be no promotion. In the event of
war also there might not be a sufficient number of
masters, and it would be most unwise by any
arrangement to diminish their number." All this
having been thus scrupulously taken into account.
"There were therefore," said his grace, " no im-
mediate means available but to bring in officers of
the merchant service, who, under the recent insti-
tuted examinations, had shown that they were fully
competent to perform the duties of the Royal
Navy." To this plan, of course, as to all other plans,
there were objections that might be raised, and, in
fact, that had been raised. Two of these ob-
jections the Dake of SOMERSET particularized,
and while particularizing, proved to be utterly
valueless as objections. "First," he remarked, "it
was said that the officers of the merchant service
would not come in, and secondly that their coming
in would interfere with the promotion in the Royal
Navy. Now he believed that these officers not
only did not object, but were quite willing to serve
under captains of the navy. He proposed that after
they had served for a certain time they should be
eligible for honorary rank, which should run paral-
lel with the rank in the navy, but not interfere
with the navy." Without in any way wishing to
pronounce an opinion prematurely upon a scheme
that is, of course, as yet only partially before us,
we cannot but recognize in it the indication of a
plan shewing plainly enough that the Admiralty
are at last moving in the right direction—that, in
fact, they are at.length (under the guidance of their
skipper his Grace the Duke of SOMERSET)—on the
lat tack !

Mr. CROSS'S Church Rate Bill is now pub
lished. It is, as distinguished from Sir JOHN
TRELAWNY'S, an amendment bill. The first
emendation proposed is that any person may, be-
tween the Ist of January and the Ist of March,
exempt himself from liability to being rated. The
notice must be annual. He is not required to state
the ground of his objection, but simply, in the
words of the schedule annexed, to " give notice
that he desires not to be rated to the Church Rate
of the parish of —;" the notice may be delivered
in the form most convenient, even by post.
What the Churchmen are to gain from this conces-
sion is, that, first, the troublesome objectors to rate
paying are no longer to vote at the election of
churchwardens, or on the application of the rate ;
and secondly, that the enforcement of church rates
is to be taken away from the unavailable ecclesias-
tical courts, and the rates are to be recovered like
poor law rates. The assessment of church rates is
also to be similar to that of poor rates, and the
levy of them to be conducted in the same way.
These are the most important points in the Act.
Will it be accepted ? We doubt it. Churchmen
will foresee that their power over their own members
will vanish in the effort to avoid ticketing Dissen-
ters. Every unpopular clergyman will find in the
past two months of the year that his parishioners,
as a body, will soon send in notice of exemption.
Some may say, so much the better. Well, that, to
this extent, his parishioners should have bail for
his good behaviour. Such, however, is not
the theory of clergymen who assert independence
of their flocks, and profess that it is essential to the
fidelity of their teaching. We must say that on
this count we rather lean to the people ; if a clergy-
man affronts a whole parish, the preattraptiati is
that he is wrong and the parish right ; but if he
affronts only a factious and conceited individual,
and that in the discharge of clerical duty, he
may be perfectly sure that the better disposed
parishioners will support him, and far more than
compensate for the loss. On the other hand, the
gain to parish peace would be great, and the
facility of collection would be worth much.
But the Dissenters will also have their objection.
They will say, with Sir G. C. LEWIS, that the
exemption begins in the wrong way ; it assumes,
what they deny, that all persons ought to be held
naturally liable for Church-rates. They will prefer
the Home Secretary's scheme—that the church-
wardens should keep a list of the persons who
attend church during the year, that these should be
considered as the persons properly liable for the fabric
and the expenses of worship, and that a small rate
for the accommodation afforded should be charged
to each. This is what, in fact, is done in a large
number of new churches, and there seems to be no
reason why it should not be done everywhere. Its
fairness none can dispute, But the difference be-
tween the two is, alas ! the point of honour. The
Dissenter says, I object to being held liable to the
Church unless I protest —the Churchman says, I
object to surrendering my nominal claim on the
whole nation ! Who shall decide? We fear Mr.
Caoss's bill will only reveal the cross purposes of
Dissenters and Churchmen.

\: I.vrlivic2
L A-Irl 114 L 07.1 •

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TURIN, JUNE 20.

In to-day's sitting of the Chamber of Deputies
the bill relating to the loan for 500,000,000 francs
was discussed.
Signor Ferrari opposed the bill, and attacked the
political, financial, and administrative system of the
Government. He, however, highly eulogised Count

Cavour.
Signor Dcsanctis replied, and demonstrated that
the present Cabinet had maintained the system fol-
lowed by Count Cavour.
The discussion was then adjourned.

The official Gazette publishes an article rectify-
ing the statement of some Italian journals respect-
ing the landing of numerous disturbers of public
order in Sicily. It states that only three Bourbon
brigands, coming from Malta, have landed there.
The Gazetta di Torino asserts that the Bourbo-
nians have attacked and pillaged Bajano and Castel
Jezzato.

VIENNA, JUNE 26.

The semi-official journals of Vienna publish a
denial to the assertion of some French papers that
the English Ambassador at Vienna had, in an in-
terview with the Emperor, insisted upon a solution
of the Hungarian question.

LISBON, JUNE 25.

The official Gazette of to-day publishes a royal
decree, finally suppressing the order of Sisters of
Charity.
The Duke of Saldanha has published a letter, in
which he declares that he will not take the lead of
any revolutionary party.

MADRID, JUNE 25

The Madrid journals of to-day contain news from
Lisbon, stating that the Duke of Saldanha had
written to the Marquis de Loule, President of the
Council, insisting upon the advisability of a change
in the Ministry.
The Duke of Saldanha is said to have expressed
himself disposed to form a new Cabinet.

The Madrid journals also state that the Emperor
of Morocco has announced to his subjects that he
consents to satisfy the claims of Spain agreeable to
the request of France.

tion of the compulsory principle to individuals
already inscribed on the lists of the National Guard,
to which recourse will be had only in the case of the
requisite number of men not being attainable by
voluntary enlistment. The first appeal will therefore
be directed to young men who, not forming part of
the National Guard, have satisfied the exigencies of
the conscription law. These will be required to sign
an engagement for two years. The deficiency,
if any, will be filled up from the following
categories of the National Guard, each category
being exhausted in due rotation :-1. The unmar-
ried, including widowers without offspring. 2.
The married without offspring. 3. The married
with offspring. In each category the youngest
members will be taken first. The commission,
however, is confident that not only the entire
number of 130,000 men will be raised by volun-
tary signatures, but that a considerable margin
will be left for any future calls of the same
nature. It is presumed that a respectable quantity of
volunteers will be forthcoming from these provinces
on which the burdens of the conscription have
weighed least heavily. These are the Romagnas,
Umbria, and the Marches. The period of actual
service for the mobilised battalions will be, in time of
peace, 30 days, and in time of war three months. In
the event, however, of a war within the confines of
the kingdom, this latter period may be indefi-
nitely extended. Simple and inoffensive as this
project appears to be, it would probably never
have obtained the assent of the late Ministry.
Its adoption, however, by Ricasoli's Cabinet has
already given the signal for the disappearance
of the so-called " third party," by removing the
pedestal, ea it were, on Which were founded its pre-
tensions to a separate existence. The 31onarchia
Nazionale, the chief organ of this party, headed, as
you are awareby Messrs. Rata zzi, Boncompagni, and
Pepoli, has formally passed over, " with arms and
baggage," to the service of the Ministry.
Some modifications may be introduced into the
scheme is the course of the discussion ; but it seems
likely that in all essential points it will receive the
sanction of the Chamber. This development of the
military resources of the country will necessarily be
followed by increased activity in thelarsenals and the
arm-foundries. A contract has been made by the
Government with a Breacian company for a supply of
50,000 muskets in two years and a half. A manu-
facturer of arms in Lecco has signed an engagement
for the b-upply of 10,000 muskets annually during
the space of four years. The Government establish-
ment of Pietrasa, in Naples, is in full work, being
also engaged in the construction of engines of 450
horse-power for a new frigate.
Garibaldi's daughter, Teresita, now Mine. Canzio,
is at present, with her husband, on a visit in our
city. The young couple are everywhere the object
of the most enthusiastic popular ovations.
AUSTRIA.
A Vienna letter of the 22d says
" The recognition of the kingdom of Italy by
France is the subject of all conversations here; it
is viewed with great displeasure in Governmental
circles, for it is impossible to indulge any illusion
as to the consequences that must result from this
act of the French Government. It is generally
supposed that Russia will soon renew its diplo-
matic relations with King Victor Emmanuel. As
to what Prussia would do, nothing positive is yet
know ; but it is certain that even at Vienna there
are influential persons who think that the Euro-
pean Powers would act wisely in not delaying too
long to recognise accomplished facts, for they look
on such a measure as the only means of preventing
France from exercising an exclusive influence on
Italy, and from realising her desire to annex Sar-
dinia and Liguria. It is said that England is
making great efforts at Berlin to induce Prussia
to recognise the kingdom of Italy, and it is not
improbable that Prussia will ere long yield to her
wishes."

FRANCE. •
Under the head of "Latest Intelligence" La
Patrie publishes the following :
" It is asserted that a corps of 2,000 men is being
organised for Cochin China. This corps will con-
sist chiefly of artillery and marines. With the
gendarmerie and native troops actually under for-
mation, it will constitute the army of our new
colony. This army will suffice for all wants and
eventualities.
"We have advices from Saigon to May 14.
The Duchayla, with troops on board, arrived
there on the 13th."
BOURSE, June 26,--The market has shown
rather more animation, but without any material
variation in prices. For the account Threes are
now at 67f. 60c. Railway Shares quiet, but firm.
The market continued firm to the close, when the
following were the last quotations:—

41 per per Cents 96 75
Do end month 96 801
3 per Cents
Do. end month 67 651
Bank Shares 2837 501
Credit Mobilier 692 50
Do. Account 695

Credit Fonder lO2O
Belgian 4f —
Piedmontese Fives 73 55
Roman
Austrian
Spanish Threes 49/
Home Debt

RAILWAYS.

Cash.

Account

Orleans 1360 .. 1361 25
Northern ... 992 50 .. 993 75
New ditto Bl7 50 .. 898 75
Lyons and Mediterranean 947 50 .. 948 75
401 25 .. 402 50
Geneva
Southern ........ 673 75 .. 575
Western .............. 516 25 .. 517 50
Eastern
Sardinian 375 .. 375
Austrian ......
Lombard