The Sun.
London, England, 1857-11-02 00:00:00

wished the government of this country to do

everything through a royal commission with full
powers to execute such works as they pleased,

the funds to be raised by a Government loan.
We must confess our surprise that the great Free

trade City should have thought of such a principle
of operation. Certain we are that Parliament
would object to it, and that it could never be ac-
cepted by a country which has constructed its own
canals and railroads. The plan proposed by the
(' Madras Irrigation and Canal Company" ap-
pears to us incomparably the best, combining as
it does the legitimate aid of Government with the
vigour and energy of private enterprise. The
Indian Government can save the Company all
such heavy costs as railroads here incurred in
carrying their bills through Parliament ; for it is
literally the lord of the soil. It can do
more. It can give a guarantee of mini-
mum interest on the capital expended on
works sanctioned by their own Engineers, and
thus raise the requisite funds without difficulty ;
while its past experience shows that the guarantee
is merely nominal, and that the Government
itself will be a prodigious gainer. The Govern-
ment being the landlord of the country, it has but
to stipulate for a fair proportion of the increased
returns from the irrigated districts, and its own
revenue will thus be largely increased. The
East India Company gives a guarantee and
powers to take land ;—the Irrigation Company
pays for such aid by sharing fairly with Govern-
ment the increased profits from the land, and by
submitting its choice of districts to be irrigated, and
its general plans, to the Indian Government for
sanction. The transaction between the Govern-
ment and the Company is, therefore, analagous to
a landlord here granting a loan for draining
and improving a farm, and receiving repayment
in the shape of a higher rent.
Of course the whole scheme must rely on the
certainty of profits, and of large profits too. Now, on
this point there can be no doubt whatever : Indian
irrigation is not an untried experiment. It has been
abundantly and successfully tried eveu by native
rulers, and it has been tried by ourselves. In a
future article we will enter fully into the splendid
and undeniable proofs and illustrations of this fact ;
for the present we assume that a profit of SEVENTY
PER CENT. is proved, by the most unquestionable
records, to be the average profit of a large extent
of irrigative works already executed. The East
India Company itself has furnished the proof of
this. It can prove it by receipts in hard cash,
and it will own that an amount of capital, equal,
perhaps, to that expended on British railways,
might be invested on irrigation and canals in
India, with every reasonable certainty of similar
returns!

Assuming for the present this fact, we would
earnestly press on the vast cotton manufacturing
interest in Manchester, that they should make
this work their own. If the East India Company
gives, as we believe it will do, their efficient sanc-
tion to the proposed company; if they do it as they
will—if they do it all—upon the report of their
own most trustworthy representatives in India,
we must hold that Manchester should
add its open and practical sanction to
the scheme also. What would be the
object to that great community of merchant and
manufacturing princes, to subscribe largely to the
shares in the proposed company ; which would,
we presume, willingly place some foremost Man-
chester men in the direction. The Electric Tele-
graph to America, and the Fine Arts' Exhibition,
show what Manchester can do if it willi ; but
here is an object peculiarly their own. Their one
want is cheaper raw material ; could they obtain
that there really seems no limit to the demand
they could create for their manufacture ; we
might add, and to the profit they could rerlise
for themselves.
We have often thought that the Cotton
Manufacturing District has now arrived at that
magnitude in population, and that competency
to deal with the entire present cotton produce
of the world, which shows that some kind of
cotton manufacturing emigration is wanted. But
it would be useless fur the rising and increas-
ing generation of cotton spinners and weavers
to carry their skill in that line to other countries.
They could not work more cheaply there than at
home, and if they could they would but injure
the markets for those they left behind. N.► ;
what is wanted is, that an emigration for cotton
growing should set forth from Manchester—that
practical and energetic young men, who now build
fresh mills, to squabble with the present ones for
the limited supply, and yet farther to enhance its
price,—that these young men should go forth to
sow and to plant, to clean, prepare, and send home
increased supplies of articles which all want. Their
energy and capital are the very thing which India
needs ; the cotton they could grow is the very
thing their fathers and brothers need. India is
certain to be made, now more inviting to Europeans.
Let Manchester be the first to accept the invitation.

Her Majesty will hold a Privy Council on Wednesday
next, the 4th inst., at Windsor Castle.
Her Royal Highness the Duchess of Kent, attended
by Lady Augusta Brace and Sir Geo. C iuper, arrived
at Clarence-house, St. James's, on Saturday morning.
Her Royal Highness returned to Frogmore in the after-
noon.
His Excellency the Netherlands Minister left town on
Saturday on a visit to Sir Henry and Lady Bentinck, at
their seat in Yorkshire.
The Duchess (Emily) of Beaufort and the Ladies
Edith and Emily Somerset have arrived at their town
residence from visiting the Earl and Countes of Wil-
ton, at Heaton Hall, Lancashire.
The Marquis of Lansdowne remains at Bowood,
Wilts, and is not yet recovered from his attack of gout.
The Duke of Beaufort and Sir William C. Codrington,
Bart., M.P., passed through town on Saturday, from
Newmarket to Badminton, the noble duke's seat in
Gloucestershire, where kis grace will receive a succession
of friends during the hunting season.
The Doke of Portland arrived at Harcourt House,
Cavendish-square, last week, from his seat, Welbeck
Abbey, Notts.
The Duke of Devonshire is entertaining company at
Chatsworth, Derbyshire, for a few weeks, before taking
up his residence at Brighton for the winter.
The Marquis and Marchioness of Tweeddale have re-
ceived satisfactory accounts of their two sons, Lor'le
William and Frederick Hay, who are both in the Civil
Service of the Hon. East India Company, in the Bengal
Presidency.
The mortal remains of the Hon. Edmund Phipps,
brother of the Marquis of Normanby, were on Saturday
interred in the Necropolis at Woking. The funeral was
of a strictly private and unostentatious character, and
was attended only by the Hon. Colonel Phipps, the Earl
of Nlulgrave, and other members of the
M. Guttman, a commission agent at Pesth, absconded
on *he 224. 14aving behind him debts to the amount of
about 1.0,000/.
Tax ON NEWSPAPERS -- VIENNA, Oat. 31.—The
Cfficial Gazette announces the imposition of a tax upon
newspapers of one kreutzer (4,11 centimes) per sheet.
The same impost still apply to foreign journals.
THE LATE TRIAL YoR LIBEL ON THE HON. MR
CADOGA.N.—A. public meeting of the friends of Mr.
Evans, one of the defondan's, was held at the London
Tavern, to-day, to receive suggestions and cc- Teraton
towards obtaining a cJiniutitatton of the sentence of 12
months' imprisonment, which had been passed upon
him. After a short discussion, a memorial to that
effect to Sir G. Grey, wag unanimously agreed to.
THE TIGER OP RATCLIFF-HIGHWAY.--Mis auitnal,
which recently escaped ifOIA the security of Mr.
rack, has has been purchased by Mr. Big:l2o;sdg, propretor
Virombell's Windsor Castle Menagerie, The pr.ce
paid was Upwards of 4004, and even at that awn the
animal is considered swift 6 tan specimen of his kind
that he is considered a cheap acquisition,
Tin GIANT DOG.—A somewhat singular presentation
was made to her Majesty, at Windsor Castle, on Wed,
nesday last. Mr. E. Butler, of New York, had the
honour of introducing his remarkably fine Ame
dog "Prince" to her Majesty and the newt, in the
quadrangle. This dog was born in Pennsylvania, aps
resembles in colour somewhat the coach-dog of other
days. is remarkably docile, yet pommies unusual
courage and strength,
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