The Sun.
London, England, 1857-01-27 00:00:00

ART TREASURES EXHIBITION.

We are informed that the committee have decided
upon the formation of a collection of Celtic and Anglo-
Saxon antiquities, illustrating the state of art in these
islands from the very earliest period. This department
has been entrusted to the charge of Mr. J. M. =amble,
whose studies in these branches of archaeological science
are well known in this country and on the Continent.
The Duke of Richmond, who from the first has been a
warm 'Henri of the Exhibition, will contribute the fol
lowing from the galleries at Gordon and Goodwood :-
1. Angelica Kauffman—Jane Maxwell, wife of the
fourth Duke of Gordon.

2. A. Kauffman—Alosander, fourth Duke of Gor-
don.

3. Vandyck—Lady Lucy Sidney. •
4. Vandyck—Lady Betty Sidney.
5. Romney—Charles, tbird Duke of Richmond.

6. Vandyck—King Charles I. and bes family.
7. (Unknowc)—The Darnley Pictures.
8. Sir P. Lely—Portrait of Frances Theresa, Duellers
of Richmond (La Belle Stuart).
9. Sir G. lineller—Portrait of General Monk.
• 10. Hogarth—The ,Lady's Last Stake.
11. Poelemberg—Landscape, with Elijah and the
Widow.
12. J. Barry—Antiochus and Stratonioe.
13. Hudson—Portraits of George 11. and Queen
Caroline.
14. Stubbs— Lion and Lioness.

15. Canaletto—View of London from Riohmond•

house.

16. Canaletto—View of Richmond-gardens, White-
hall, the Treasury gate, &c.
17. (Fre❑ch Sehool)—Madame de Montespan.
18. De la dire—Charity.

His grace also sends from the armoury a number of
Highland targets and claymores, two suits of chain
armour, some Venetian stilettoes (from General Lovo's
collection), Tippo Saib's sword (a gift from the Duke
of Wellington), and a sword taken out of the carriage of
King Joseph, after the battle of Vittoria, and other
cur iositios.
The Duke of Portland, who responded to the applica•
tion of the committee with the utmost liberality, con
tributes the following :-
1. (Unknown)—F'll length of Mary Queen of Scots.
2. (School of Vandyck)—Full length, in armour, of
Sir Charles Cavendish. _ _

3. Sir P. Lely—Full length, in hat and. feather, of
Margaret Lucas, Duchess ot Newcastle (the authoress).
4. (Unknown)—Portrait of a horse ; Welbeck in the
distance.

5. Sir P. Lely—Full length of James 11.
6. Dobson—Full length of Villiers, first Duke of
Buckingham.
7. Jercas—Lady M. Wortley Montagu.
E,trl Cooper sends the following pictures from Pan•
stranger, Hertfordshire :-
1. Raphael—Virgin and Child.

2. Raphael—Virgin and Child.
3 Andrea del Sarto—fli,tory of Joseph, three pie.
tures.
4. Salvator Rom A mountainous sea-coast, with
figures. ,
5. lineller--James, Duko of Ormond... - •
6. Richardson—Lord Chancellor Cooper,
7. Fri) Bart,ilommeo—Virgn, Infant Christ, and St.
John.
8. Andrea del Sarto—his own portrait.
The followirg will be contributed by Mr. Alderman
Salomon, from Broom-hill, Tunbridge-wells :-
1. Lee—T,:e P,,aCtler.
2. Creswick—Passing Showers.
3, Hollins—Scene ou Deal-beach.
4. Hart—Beovenuto Ceilini.
5, Leslie—Looking-at the Nlinialure.
6. Denn,r---11, pd of an Oid Mitn.
7. Cooke—St. Ives.

g, Angels—Sculpture.
The sculpture alluded to is now cn its way from Rome
to Liverpool, and will be first seen by its owner in'the
Manchester Exhibition.

Mr. John Aikin, of Licerpool. will send, besides some
fine Aater colours, Ary 6elieffer's great picture of Christ
Teaching. Mr. M. Anderson, of Neweastle•on.Tyne
Mr, E. Foster, of Clewer-park, near Windsor and the
Mi,ses Bredells, Eat•m.square, and also important con-
tributt,rs.

WATER FOR CALIFORNIA.—We noticed last week the
formation of a cmcnpany, and the great advantages that
would accrue to the State by an ample supply of water ;
and, by the arrival of every mail, the want is fully con-
During the last seven years gold to the value
of nearly 80,000,0001. sterling has been produced in
California, out of which, we believe, a comparatively
insignificant amount has been obtaiued by crushing,
washing being chiefly employed ; and it is only fair to
suppose that the production would be immensely en-
hanced by a continual supply of water, as, at the present
time, the miner is discouraged, from the fact that his
operation; are almost invariably stopped by the drought
six months in the year. From arrangements now be-
ing made for the comforts of the miners, enormous
results msy be looked for from California, as private
letters from scientific men of high standing state the
country teems with riches, and that " water ! water !"
was the great want. It is merely necessary to refer to
the list of directors, as a guarantee of the bona fides
of the undertaking, but, as an additional security, there
is the great feature in this company, that the deposits
will be r.turned without any deduction whatever, in the
.-vent o 'the agent to be sent out, with a view to coma
plete ti,e purchase, not fully confirming the value of
the property, but of whicb, according to the various
reports, there appears no doubt.—Mining Journal.

The case of " Davidson v. Duncan," which
'occurs in our law report of last Saturday, resusci-
tates a question which we had hoped had long since
been at its final rest.
It appears that there exists at Hartlepool a small
local parliament, having large powers over that
busy borough. We have not read the statute
under which they act, but, judging from their
The West Hartlepool Improvement Com-
missioners" can probably pull down anybody's
house, or pull up anybody's sewer, or stop up any-
body's road. That they can impose taxes upon all
the property in Hartlepool appears upon the face of
the proceedings ; and, even if this were the sole
amount of their power, it might appear to justify
some curiosity in the inhabitants of this town as to
what the Commissioners were saying, and what
they were likely to do. To satisfy this very natural
curiosity on the part of the people of Hartlepool,
the local newspapers published reports of the meet-
ings of the Hartlepool Commissioners ; and so it
happened that no man's house was pulled down in
Hartlepool, and no man's sewer was pulled up, and
no man's rates were doubled, without those coming
events duly casting their shadows before. This
happy state of things continued for some time, but
these Improvement Commissioners, quite flatus
rally,—for it is the nature of Commissioners so to
do,—got into a squabble with a neighbouring,
power. Collectively they passed some strong reso-
lutions, and individually they used fierce words—
words unpleasant to the ear of an absent gentle.
man. The absent gentleman was indignant that
such harsh things should be said of him, and he
looked about for somebody to puni-h. Rapidly
singling out his victim, he brought his action, not
against Mr. Commissioner A. or Mr. Commissioner
8., but against the local newspaper which had re-
ported what they said. The proceeding was very
much the same as if a man should see by the aid of a
looking-glass that some one was shaking his fist and
making other insulting gestures at him behind his
back, but should straightway, instead of turning
round and knocking down his adversary, raise his
walking-stick and demolish the looking-glass.
However, the action was brought, and the defen-
dant pleaded that the report was a fair report of
the proceedings at a public meeting, and that the
report was without malice. To this plea the plain-
tiff demurred ; that is to-say, be admitted (for the
purpose of the action) that the facts were true, but
denied that they amounted to a defence. The
Court of Queen's Bench, without hearing argu-
ment,—for the running conversation between the
defendant's counsel and the Court cannot be called
an argument,—and without taking any time to
consider the point, decided that the plaintiff's de-
murrer was good, or, in other words, that there is
no protection for a fair report of the proceedings of
a public body.
Now, we very respectfully represent to the Court
of Queen's Bench that this case of " Davison v.
Duncan" deserved a little more time and attention
than it received at their hands. The principle in-
volved in it is certainly not less important than the
principle involved in that great commercial case
wherein the Courts have just confessedly miscar-
ried. The judgment in " Davison v. Duncan "
should not have been given without grave delibera-
tion upon patiently heard argument. We venture
to predict that whenever some case similar to this
shall be fully argued and well considered this judg
meet will be thought to be but doubtful law. We
will give our reasons for this opinion, and they
shall be strictly such as lawyers should lister. to.
At the end of the last century the press was an
outlaw. A newspaper was a thing held in equal
hatred and terror by the Bench. It was an esta-
blished principle of law that it had no privileges,
and jud4.tes authoritatively ruled that " it was no
part of the duty of the editor of a newspaper to
report judicial proceedings ; be was a volunteer,
and did so at his own risk." We should not carry
the attention of the reader with us if we were to
deduce through, the various cases the gradual
changes in the spirit of judicial decisions upon this
important point. Gradually, and step by step,
the exigencies of the public won from the Courts a
reluctant assent to the proposition that a fair and
bona fide report of judicial proceedings was as
much protected as the character of a servant, or an
answer to an inquiry made by one man of business
of another. At present the law, so far as it respects
judicial proceedings, is indisputable. We will refer
to some of the later cases. Lord Campbell, in
" Andrews v. Chapman," reported in the-third
volume of " Carrington. and Kirwan's Reports,"
told the jury that " by the law of England a fair
account of what takes. place in a court of justice
maybe published," a.nd that the privilege of pub-
lishing reports of proceedings in courts of justice is
" a valuable privilege for the public." Mr. Justice
Coleridge, in the case of " Smith v. Smith," re-
kned in the second volume of " Carrington and
irwan's Reports," directed the jury thus :—" If
this libel is a correct account of proceedings in a
court of justice, you ought to find a verdict for the
defendant." In the case of "Hoare v. Silverlock,"
reported in the ninth volume of the " Common
Bench Reports," Chief Justice Wilde and the
Puisne Judges of that court solemnly decided that
a report of proceedings in a court of justice was a
protected publication. "I think it impossible,"
said Mr. Justice Maule, "at this day to say that a
fair account of proceedings in a court of justice not
being ex parte, bu tin the hearing of both sides, is not
generally speaking, a justifiable publication."
Now, w* presume that these decisions and those
which preceded them to the same effect depend
upon some principle. A decision which has no
principle to authorise it is valueless. Lord Camden
has told us, in stronger language than we should
care to use upon our unaided authority, that the
discretion of judges, unguided by principle, is no
better than caprice. We find a principle active in
all these cases, and recognised ii& several of them.
In " Flint v. Pike," reported in the fourth volume
of " Barnwell and Cresswell's Reports," it is thus
enounced :—" The publication should be for the
purpose of giving the public information which it
is fit and proper for them to receive." In Sir J.
Campbell's elaborate argument in the case of
" Stockdale v. Hansard" a host of authorities are
cited by that very learned and careful Attorney-
General to prove his proposition that "publications
for the good of the community have been held pri-
vileged ; ' and in Lord Campbell's own Libel Act
the same principle is recognised in that it is made
part of the averment of the plea given by that sta-
tute " that it was for the public benefit that the
said matters charged should be published.'
Now, if this be the principle upon which reports
of judicial proceedings are protected, we ask con-
fidently, what public advantage can arise from a
report of judicial proceedings which does not
equally arise from a report of the proceedings of
public bodies which have the power of taxation in
their hands ? What interest have the public in
knowing the issue in the case of " Nokes v.
Styles" which they have not iu knowing whether
their houses are to be pulled down or whether
their taxes are to be trebled? The immunity as
to judicial proceedings cannot be an isolated
exception ; for it must then have depended upon
some statute. It must proceed from some ge-
neral principle, and that general principle is
the public go ,d. Wherever that principle
leads the decision of the Courts, in coin in 0 a
sense and in sound law (which we are told is he
perfection of common sense), ought to follow,

Following up the principle thus enunciated, Mr.
Justice Coleridge observed that the privilege accorded in
regard to courts of justice was founded upon the fact
that " the injury done to individuals was small as com-
pared with the immense good its exercise conferred upon
the public." In addition to this quality—which, after
all, is merely an accident—appertaining to the reports of
proceedings before a judicial tribunal—there is the theo-
retical difference between the two cases, that in the law
court both parties are nominally present—defendants as
well as assailants—and that no ex parte statement can he
made without leaving opportunity for a full and instant
answer. In the public meeting this spportunity is not
always allowed; Attacks may be made against absent
individuals, or, even if they were present, there may be
no time or poseibili••y for explanations. Therefore, it is
urged, the report of speeches at a meeting must be sub-
jected to a different law, and restrained within narroe.er
bounds of licence, than the accounts published of argu-
ments and evidence produced in the course of trials be-
fore a legal tribunal.
This allegation sounds well no doubt, and is particu-
larly suited for the atmosphere of a law court. But it
breaks down most deplorably upon closer examination.
In the first place, it is utterly false that no libellous
statement can be promulgated in the course of a legal
suit except in the presence of the inculpated party, and
with full opportunity afforded him for reply. The very
contrary is the fact. Seldom does any action of moment
ripen to decision, either before a criminal or civil tri-
bunal, without involving the most atrocious insinuations
against many persons who are either absent or defence.
less. What defence—what means of replication—for
example, has the witness in any suit against the vile
calumnies which counsel " on the other side" are sure
to suggest when attempting to damage his evidence ?
In a whole class of cases again—the actions for crins.
con.—the unfortunate party whose character is chiefly
at stake, and upon whom the advocates engaged
upon one side, and sometimes upon both, endea
yours to concentrate the heaviest inculpation, is
by the law itself sternly forbidden from saying a word,
sr having a word said, in her behalf. These are among
the atrocities of our legal system. Is there anything that
can transpire at a public meeting which can be—we will
not say worse--but anything like so bad?
We may not question the law as laid down by the
Chief Justice. All that can be said is, that the law must
be altered. Upon his own principle, that a "small injury
to individuals" should be risked in order to secure au
"immense good to the public," the fearful penalty
under which the journalist must now prepare his
report of a public meeting cannot be allowed to con-
tinue. Any statement made at such a meeting is
promulgated in the presence of the " public," and the
newspaper report does but somewhat widen the circle
of publicity. The responsibility for the libel—if
libel there be—shonid rest with the first author,
and not with the innocent agent who happens to
put it into type. Otherwise the chief purpose and
use of public meetings will be wholly destroyed. In the
great majority of cases these gatherings are held to inves-
tigate charges of neglect or criminality—to give a voice
to comp4iuts, and expeee either the wrongdoings of in-
dividuals, or the groundlessness of the accusations by
which wrongdoing is charged against them. All these
purposes require the promulgation of statements which,
taken by themselves, the law would consider libellous.
Yet if it is to the interest of the public that Lhese meetings
should be held and these purposes fulfilled, it must like-
! wise be useful to afford the proceedings all possible
publicity. Even the accused or "libelled" parties would
be benefited. None but the guilty could be damaged, or
are likely to complain. As for the possible case in which
the journalist himself may be instigated by malicious
motives, the question then, no doubt, assumes a different
aspect. But this is a fact susceptible of distinct proof— 1
and may at all times be safely lett to the jury.

If the question related to a branch of permanent re-
ceipt, there might be a better excuse for reluctance to
part with it. Other taxes might be pointed out caus-
ing injury to commerce and industry, or which the na-
tion would be very glad to escape, and the alternative
would then lie between exemption from one impost or an.
other. But in the present case no offer of that kind is pos.
Bible. Whether or not, the income tax will drop to sd.
some twelve months hence. The whole gain to the Go.
vernment is, therefore, limited to a sum of about 9 mil-
lions, which they would receive this year, and never
again, and to obtain which the country must be left suf-
fering under an intolerable burden until April, 1858,
and smarting, besides, from the sense of injustice and
broken faith practised upon them by her Majesty's Mi-
nisters. On so temporary a foundation it is evident
that no new adjustment of taxation is possible, and the
millions will be extracted from the pockets of the tax-
payers without hope of reimbursement in any shape. It
is a naked act of spoliation, which nothing short of some
well proved case of State necessity can justify.
Between the public and the Government the prize con.
tended for in this crude lump of nine millions. This
money cannot be considered revenue in any sense of the
word. It passes once into the Treasury, but never again.
It is like the contribution levied by so invading general
from some captured city. The Government can build
no future system of finance upon it. The receipt is spe-
cial, arid must be devote i to a special purpose if it is to
be usefully or sensibly expended. Now does any such
special purpose exist ! Are there any particular de-
mands, or "final payments" to be met during the next
financial year, which will require to be stopped by some
immediate appliance, and are not likely to recur here-
after! Can the Chancellor of the Exchequer show that
he wants for the year 1857-8 nearly ten millions more
than be is likely to require in 1858-9 ! In such contin-
gency only can the con' inuar.ce of the income tax for the
ensuing year be endured. Yet when pushed to the utter-
twat to make up some decent reply to the deputation on
Friday last, Sir Cornewall Lewis could mention
but one demand of this character—namely, the two
millions of Exchequer Bonds which will fall due in
the course of a few months. He forgot at the same
time to mention that even if the income tax subsided
to the lower scale in April many millions would still
accrue frem the collection of past assessmen,s—far
more than sufficient to meet the calls upon the Bonds,
or any other war bills that may remain outstanding. In
fact, the entire half-year's charge at the full rates will
still remain due for the service of the year commencing
in April next, so that the revenue will practically enjoy
the benefit of the war impost until October.
Me,ntime, the income tax movement grows and
spreads. Every day accounts arrive of great meetings
in every district of the United Kingdom, at which re
solutions are invariably carried denouncing the longer
continuance of the war tariff, accompanied in the great
m..jority of instances by a demand for the entire abo-
lition of the impost. On the ground of good faith there
can be no question of the course which Government
should adopt, unless excused by the plea of a necessity
which they cannot show to exist. Unless their filiaW.
cial arrangements evince more extravagance or more
unskilful husbandry than we are Willing to believe,
no difficulty need be experienced in immediately
reverting to the status quo ante. This justice the
public are entitled to demand, and if they should fail to
obtain it at the hands of her Majesty's present Ministers
there is every probability of their applying " over the
way."

BOTAL FLIRTATIONS: A LEAP PROM
SPANISH' HISTORY.

(FROM MONARCHS RETIRED FROM BUSINESS. EY DR,

Doney.)
With the accession of Charles IV., Maria Louisa, and
Manuel Godoy commliticed to reign. The king was little
more than what Louis XVI. had styled him, a mere
eipher. There was a man, however, who was almost as
much in the way of the unprincipled lovers as the late
king himself—viz., the Minister Floridablanca. He in-
curred the especial hatred of Manuel Godoy and the
Queen, by energetically opposing her attempts to ag-
grandise the former. His last stand was made against
the proposal of the Queen that Charles IV. should con-
fer an estate on Godoy, and at the same time create him
Duke de la Alcudia, and a Grandee of Spain. Florida-
blanca implored the King not to yield to this, and ob•
tained the royal consent to refer the matter to the.
Cortes of Castile, which body was to pronounce on the
legality of settling crown lands on a subject. Florida-
lslaiLca wrote to the President of the Council, Count
Cifuentes, a letter, the object of which was to procure ap
answer that should Pave the King's honour and avoid
public scandal. Unfortunately the Ceunt died soon after
receiving the dispatch, which was discovered among hi 4
papers and secretly transmitted to the Queen. That,
lady's talents for intrigue were forthwith set in successfull
action. All was acccomplished for Godoy that she coulii
desire ; and the two together devoted themselves to the
destruction of Floridablauca. This object was not long
of accomplishment. Private and public crimes were laid
to the charge of the Minister. He had counselled his
master to join the European coalition against Republican
France, and he had been mixed up is some discreditable
matters of finance and private scandal. He was pro
nounced guilty of embezzlement to a vast extent, and
was only released from confinement in the fortress of
Pampeluna, to be a prisoner at I,..rge in his native town of Murcia, Charlt s IV. appointed Count de Aranda
the vacant post of Minister. The policy was " pease
with France ;" but at the end of seven months Godoy was
Prime Minister of Spain (1792) war was declared with
France, and disasters succeeded each other, with one ex-
ception, so rapidly, that to save Spain from becoming the
prey of the French Republicans, Godoy patched up that
treaty of Basle, for successfully negotiating which he re
ceived the title of the Prince of the Peace, and was gives
precedence of every nobleman in Spain, save the Princes
of the Blood. From this time, Charles IV. esteemed
Godoy more warmly than even the Queen herself did
His gratitude for his escape from ruin was unbounded ;
and though Godoy was, to all intents and purposes, king
in Spain, and his administration was far from being either
weak or injudicious, Charles could not too profusely at:.
knowledge the lucky escape which Spain, had had from
being absorbed by French Republicanism. The next step
in the greatness of Godoy was to make him a member of
the royal family by marriage. Nothing was more easy, or
more ardently desired by the Queen. She had not only
marked with feelings of jealous anguish the attachment
of Godoy to a young lady from Malaga, named Tudo,
but hearing that the couple were at supper together, in
one of the apartments of the palace where the court was
temporarily residing, she suddenly brought the King
upon the imprudent pair, to contemplate a sight which
was a scandal if the parties were unmarried, and a bate
' act of ingratitude to the Queen if they were married.
Godoy being free, the Queen speedily arranged a marriage
between him and the Ring's cousin. She was a very plain
lady, but then she was a descendant of Louis XIV.; mild
by the union,c'Godoy was placed at too great a height to
be expected to stoop to official duties. A Prince of the
Peace who had no responsible vocation, and was burdened
with a consort for whom he had no regard, was exactly
what the Queen required. The Prince gave up the ad-
ministration of public affairs, and devoted himself to the
service of his royal mistress. Under this system, Charles
remained a cipher, but his ,wife interfered in every de-
partment of the State. She was eager to promote her
own parasites without respect to their
merits. When
the Minister Jovellanos rougLly refused to accede to her
demand of a prebendal stall for a favourite who bad never
been at a university, the Queen asked, "At what uni-
versity have you been yourself !" Jovellanos replied,
"At Salamanca." "Ah !" said the Queen, " what a pity
they forgot to teach you manners." The court intrigues
of this period became daily more scandalous, but the
King was.the only person who was not in the secret.
They were sometimes directed against Godoy himself,
whom Charles IV. now loved as a child, of whom the
Queen became frantically jealous. She sought his ruin,
repented the act, pardoned the unfaithful lover, and
plunged into projects of revenge on discovering fresh
proofs of his treason. Godoy contrived to defeat all his
enemies. He was as active as the lightest gentleman in
a Spanish comedy ; and, indeed, there was something of
the old licentious comedy in all that was going on. When
Godoy became volaqe, the Queen piqued him by selecting
new favourites, whose downfall it was his object to ac-
complish. It was said that tee King slept through the
whole comedy ' • but non omnibus donmiebat —he was
awake without being able to comprehend. There was
one Mello, a poor Guardsman, whom the Queen's favour
had raised to dishonourabu pre-eminence. One day, as
the whole royal family, with Godoy, were on the balcony
of the Prado, Mello rode by in great haste. "I wonder
how it ie," said the feolish King, " that such a fellow can
keep such fine horses." "The reason is," said Godoy,
" that the fellow is himself kept by an ugly old woman,
whose name," he added, looking at the Queen, " whose
name I cannot just now remember." Over this and all
other rivals Godoy finally triumphed. Some were impri-
soned, some were sentinto exile. Meanwhile, Spain was
under the heels of the wortblese favourite, the worthless
queen, and their creatures. The King slept on, except
when he was outshooting. The Queen pulled Spain down
into an abyss of ruin. The union of Spain and France
was then effected in order to destroy England (on the
gpaarr,t
however,of Fra
ponce) , to
broughtsu; bta :hut uehhdge
aaafitnf etnceiaSreinpitanth
destruction
fleet.
dn Tt he dap
of ot
the
eT r a fa,
mari-
time-
Lord Godoywas raised roaf
AdmiraliSsepda tnolaeannihilated,
officepg r a mo t
in action, Still Charles IV. continued
matters domestic and foreign. Ulu:ad a
nwoeew:
dbl was
obsolete
te contenthas
been
b
told to show the unparalleled simplicity of this un•
king'y King. Therein it is said that the Duke de Fin-
faotade " was once, with other Grandees, in attendance
on the King, when his Majesty, being in high p-
ing humour, entered into a somewhat gay conversation
on the fair sex. He descanted at some length on fickle-
ness and caprice, and laughed at the dangers of hus-
bands in these southern climates. Having bad his
fill of merriment on the topic of
Jealousy, he con-
hoverer, ws
have thaith an s
chiefs
rad vantage iumph, We crowned head:,
above others, tea;
our honour, as they call it, is safe ; for supposing
that
queens were as much bent on mischief as
some of Muir
King
men. The court of
ngbiti was an easy tool in u
sex, where could they find kings and emperors to fir
hSwith—eh• became
• d?
s"g
an Suchi
stage, ae
,ag nadon which was played ens of the
most bustling and ignoble of dramas. The heir-appa-
rent, Ferdinand, plotted against his parents ;
,Godoy
conspired against both ; the King and Queen were as

deceiving as they were deceiVed the whole of these per-
sonages were the humble slaves of Napoleon, and the
Emperor of the French looked upon ail with scarcely
dissembled scorn, while he prepared the way for placing
his brother Joseph on the throne of the imbecile Charles.
The latter, alarmed by the aspect of affairs, both domes-
tic and foreign, as they applied to him, contemplated for
A moment, took flight to Mexico. Au insurrection of the
people rendered the accomplishment of this project im-
possible. Godoy was flung into prison ; French troops
were pouring into Spain ; the King, terrified for his owe
safety, and the Queen, caring for nothing but the rescue
of her favourite, thought that their respective objects
would be achieved by abdicating. Accordingly, the one
in an extremity of terror, the other under the impulse of
unbounded hopefulness, descended from the throne, and
on the 19th March, 1808, Charles resigned the sceptre
to his son Ferdinand. The first feeling that Charles had
of his uncrowned condition was on hearing that the new
King had ordered all the wolves and foxesto be destroyed,
which Charles had preserved for purposes of " sport"--
the only pleasure which, of late years, possessed any at-
tractions for him. The poor old man made no complaints
of his son's policy, but the idea that his son had sup-
pressed his hunting establishment made him weep
heartily. Meanwhile, the subjection of Ferdinand to
Napoleon was complete. Not less so was that of Charles.
The former asked for the Imperial recognition of his
title ; the latter appealed to him to set aside the act of
abdication, to which Charles bad consented only under
compulsion. Ferdinand repaired to Bayonne to plead
his cause, and he found himself a prisoner. Charles, his
consort, and Godoy, were ordered to be brought to the
same city, and the family fend was only embittered by
the parties being in presence of each other. It was the
object of Napoleon to rid himself of the pretensions of
all. The ohsequiousness of the ex-King furthered, but
the obstinacy of Ferdinand retarded the accomplishment
of the desired end. Never was Spanish. comedy built up
on half so many intrigues as were put in action in order
to dethrone the Spanish Bourbons altogether, and to
found a Bonaparte dynasty in Spain. The more serious
drama lingered, and Napoleon grew impatient. But
Napoleon's impatience contrived a striking close to the
disreputable affair. On the sz,h of May, 1808, the
Emperor visited the Spanish ex-Monarchs. Around the
aged Charles and his consort were assembled their se-
cond son, Carlos ; the evil genius of the family, Godoy ;
the Minister Cavallos, and several Grandees. At the
end of a conference between the chief of these illustrious
personages, Ferdinand was summoned to appear. It
was not so easy as had been expected to bring him to
consent to the designs of the great conspirators against
the country of which he himself was unworthy, and at
length a scene ensued such as never has been paralleled
in history. The old Queeu, Maria Louisa, unable longer
to control her rage, or perhaps desirous to gratify Napo-
leon, with whom she was partly suspected to have
prepared the scene, thus assailed the wretched Ferdi-
nand :—" Traitor, you have for years meditated the
death of the King your father, but, thanks to the vi-
gilance, the zeal, and the loyalty of the Prince of the
Peace, you have not been able to effect your pur-
pose—neither you, nor any of the infamous traitors
who have co-operated with you in your infamous
designs. I tell you to your face that you are my son,
but not the son of the King ! And yet, without having
any other rights to the crown than those of your mother,
you have sought to tear it from us by force. But 1 agree
and demand that the Emperor Napoleon shall be umpire
between us,--Napoleon, to whom we cede and transfer
our rights, to the exclusion of our own family. I call on
him to punish you and your associates as so many
traitors, and I abandon to him the whole Spanish na-
tion." There is something horrible in the idea of a woman
proclaiming her own dishonour in presence of her bus.
band and her children. The object she bad in view was,
however, attained. Charles surrendered alll his territories
to the French Emperor. Ferdinand, as Prince of Astu-
rias, ultimately renounced all right to the throne; and
Joseph Bonaparte became King of Spain.

REDUCTION OF THE INCOME TAX.

--

There is as much difference between the old case

... ...,...
in the "Modern Reports" wherein it was held
that to print a writ of prohibition was a libel, and
the decision in " Hoare v. Silverlock," which we
have mentioned, as there is between the decision
in the case "Davison v. Duncan" and that which
the convenience of modern society demands.
In truth, a newspaper report is but an expan-
sion of the area through which a voice can travel.
The reporter does no more than give to the absent
to react what those present, have heard. If there
18 guilt
in thesPeech---adest qui fecit, to punish
is 1
the reporter as insensate as it would be to punish
the audiesce. We askno impunity for malice, no
protection for partiality, no amnesty for gross nrg.
ligence occasioningdpemrivaatte wrong ; but we think
we are entitled to that important public
duties, the discharge of nw:ihnlecshsisorabsolutely neces
sary to the every-da
3:l,tiostoautliidi
not expose the Presto conssatiaanttlpaSeotresieect
m " hard cases
wanton annoyance. It is
.nake had law." Perhaps there
iometiiing in the facts of this ease whaicyhh"ye been
.ed the Court to some inference adverse ratoatt bave
fendant. , If so, it was the plaintiff's fault that ate-
placed his cars in such a form before the Court
that the malice or bona fides of the report could
not he tried. This little-considered judgment,
however, affects all alike—it is burning down a
forest to destroy one bad tree.

(From the Narniny Chronicle.)
The anomalous conditions under which lloglishinPri
bold their much-vaunted "liberty of the pres," are curi-
ous y exemplified by a trial reported in our columns on
Saturday. The case originated in the cunntry, where the
action was first tried, and the sentence then pronounce.i
was brought up to the Court of Queen's Bench upon de-
murrer, in order that Lord Campbell and other judces
of that court sitting in banco might decide a certain point
of law. With the special efetails of the case we are there-
fore unacquainted, nor are they material. What waB left
for the Court of Queen'. BercO to decide, and which on
Saturday ciat tribunal el .roided in the negative., involved
simply the question whether a newspaper is jastified in
publishing a fair report of the proceedings at any public
inietit, without incurring leg,l liability for any state
meats calculated to damage- prlvate individuals, which
might b-u promulgated at .list ineetin,;.
4..hrd.Catautrall ruled that no such right existed, and
We are bound to believe that, as the law now stairde,

( Prom the Morning Chronicle.)

While the Finance Minister withholds any pledges,
and suggests every difficulty, respecting the reduction of
the income tax, her Majesty's Opposition are less sera-
pulous. The arrangement which Mr. Disraali acd his
adherents are determined to demand from the Govern•
meat, and willing to grant if themselves entrusted with
the responsibilities of office, is distinctly announced by
the weekly orian of that party. The terms of that ar-
rangement may be very simply described. They involve
an application to domestic finance of that contrivance so
often suggested during the war as a solution to political
difficulties—a return to the status quo ante. Let the
interlude of- war, they propose, be effaced from our
'financial system, so far, at all events, as the income and
property tax is concerned. So long as war lasted, the
exceptional demands ou our national purse led Co a
sudden iuflation of this, among sundry other leas obnoxi-
ous imposts. Now that peace is restored, we may revert
to our fortaer position, not only by reducing the tariff
of the tax to the figure at which it stood when velar
interposed, but by resuming the process of successive
reductionsand ultimate extinction, which was interrupted
•io March, 1854.
This resumption of anterior engagements is to be de-
manded on the plain grounds of Ministerial and PArlia-
uaentiry honesty. The Legislature, as our contemporary
observes, is "bound to insist on faith being kept with
the public.. The whole scneme of taxation in 1853, espe-
cially as regards the additional taxes imposed"—videlicet
the Succession Duty—" was based upon the assumption
that the Income Tax Abolition Act was a reality, and
that its stipulations would be observed. Whatever mty
he the financial schemes of the Administration in the
gaming session, the Opposition is in our opinion bound to
insist on faith being kept with the public, on the condi-
tions of the statute of 1853 being complied with, and OR
the reduction of the income tax to sd. in the pound,
from the let of April next, with its entire extinction
three years subsequently."
The position in which the tax was left by Mr. Glad.
stone's act, passed in 1853, presents the following fea-
tures. In the natural order of things the tax imposed
would have expired before the end of that year, but the
right hon. gentleman, then Chancellor of the Exchequer,
having on hand some extensive reductions of Customs
and Excise duties, proposed to prolong the income tax
at the existing i,ariff, and even to extend the area of its
incidence, for two years more—after which period the
rate of charge was to be reduced until the whole tax
dwindled to nothing by 1860. At the same time,
he suggested a new impost, belonging to the series of
direct taxes, in the shape of a duty on mimes-
si,ns to real properly. From this latter source he
expected to obtain ultimately a revenue of two mil-
lions per annum, though the full productiveness of
the duty would not be developed for some years ; while
another three-quarters of a million was anticipated from
au extension of the income tax at a-tariff of sd. in the
pound to incomes between 1001. and 1501.

These propositions were all accepted by the House.
Duties on soap, Lea, stamps, and some assessed taxes
were either removed or abolished, at an estimated sacri-
fice of about 3e millions of revenue, and about enough
to replace the loss was obtained by the taxes we have
already mentioned, helped out by an additional excite on
British spirits. Toe actual result was that the net inc ,we
of the Exchequer increased more. than a million, the sum
accruing in the year ending December 31, 1852, being
53,210,000/., and in....the following year, before any
" war taxes" were thought of,
54,430,0001. A ne v
seven years' lease was thus obtained for the income tax,
but upon exhaustive terms. If nothing bad interrupted
,tbn k
erexecntion of the act of '53, the tariff would have
it .April, 1855, to 6d. in the pound ; in April,
1857
~to 7tse C°MiOg April—to 5d.; and have expired al to-
gara.e:nnt of 2,146,003/. a-year will dropn April, 1860, when Terminable Anrnities to the
be provisions of this act are suspend d merely, uo.
in.
Te
The grant* of a doubl
pa e
superseded, by the me rea enacted during the war.
additional 2d. in the on tax first, and afterwards of an
statutes, whose power ceral_,_
.were passed by temporary
tification of a treaty
haveebeen exchanged." If
of
pea:: 'n one year after the ra-
y said not a word, th
meet held by their quibble to the nt°tserdmost, the tax will
re, and the Govern-
collapse in April, 1858, from 16d. to
expire to
is abandonpd, this reducti,m Would take'nl If
the
quibble
and in either contingency the impost ~:hei next April,
1800, utilees some new act can be extrac"ltedd
Legislature giving it a more protracted e l'uiu
Some Ministerial organs have taken advantage
this circumstaucc, and attempt to stifle the advantage
nauvezneut by recommending the public to do ;int.
ating, fur fear of doing harm. Quiets ne movers is
their Maxim. To curtail the existence of the " War

LATP. INTELLIGENCB.—Jan. 26.

EQUITY COURTS.
(Before the Lords Justices of Appeals.)

CARTER V. CROPLEY.-RIGHT TO PRESENT TO TEE

INSOLVENT DEBTORS' COURT.
(Before Mr. Commissioner Phillips.)
IN THE MATTER, OF LOUIE FLATOW.

This insolvent, who described himself as a Turkish
merchant and commission agent, was oppGsed, on his
application to be discharged from prison, by Mr. Dowse
for Messrs. Brown and Deleggio, merchants at Constan•
tinople. Mr. Sargood supported.
There was only one debt in the schedule, contracted
in September last, when the ins,.lvent was a resident at
Constantinople. He obtained 1201. of pick es of the
opposing creditors, which he sold for 601., and 341. of
candles, which he sold for 291. The goods were ordered
before he obtained them, and the fall in the market
before they were delivered caused the loss. With the
money the insolvent paid some debts, and spent the
remainder in travelling. He came to England to exe-
cute some orders, and on mentioning to the house in
London his intention to return to Constantinople, he
was arrested on a judge's order as about to leave the
country, on which he petitioned the Court.
Mr. Dowse required the names of the parties to whom
the articles were sold to be set forth in the schedule, as
a telegraphic message would be sent to Constantinople.
Mr. Commissioner Phillips ordered the production of
a Mr. Gans, on whom the insolvent had drawn a bill for
the debt due to the opposing creditors, which he did not
accept, on the next occasion, and directed the schedule
to be amended as to the sales of the goods.
The case was adjourned sine die.

PRIVATE BANKS.
Andover Bank, Andover—Heath and C 0...
Ashford Bank, Ashford—Jemmitt and Pomfret
Aylsham Bank, Aylsham—G. and T. Copeman
Aylesbury Old Bank, Aylesbury—Z. D. Hunt
Baldock Bank and Baldock and Biggleswade
Bank; Baldock—Wells, Hogge, and Co
Barnstaple Eank, Barnstaple—Marshall and Co
Basingstoke and Odiham Bank, Basingstoke—
Seymour, Lamb, and Co.
Bedford Bank, Bedford—T. Barnard and Sons
Bewdley Bank, Bewdley Nichols, Baker,
and. Co
Bicester and Oxfordshire Bank and Oxford
Bank, Bicester—B . M. and G. Tubb
Birmingham Bank, Birmingham -Attwoods,
Spooner, and Co
Birmingham and Warwickshire Bank, Bir
mingham—J. L. Moilliet and Sons
Blamlford Bank, Blandford—Oak and Co.
Boston Bank, Boston—Garfit and Co
Boston Bank, Boston—H. and T. Gee and Co
Bridgwitter Bank, Bridgwater—J. and J. L
Sealey
Bristol Bank, Bristol—Miles, Miles, and C 0...
Broseley and Bridgnorth and Bridgnorth and
Broseley Bank, Broseley—Pritchards, Boy-
cott, and Co.
Buckingham Bank, Buckingham— Bartlett, Par-
rott, and Co.
Bury and Suffolk Bank, Sudbury Bank, and
Stowmarket Bank, Bury St. Edmunds—
Oakes, Bevan, and Co.
Banbury Bank, Banbury Gillet, Tawney,
and Co.
Banbury Old Bank, Banbury—Cobb and Son
Bath City Bank, Bath •G. Moger and Son ...
Bedfordshire Leighton Buzzard Bank, Leighton
Buzzard—Bassett, Grant, and Co
Birmingham Bank, Birmingham—Taylor and
Lloyds
Bradford Old Bank, Bradford, Yorkshire—H.
A. and W. M. Harris and Co.
Brecon Old Bank, Brecon—•Wilkins and C 0....
Brighton Union Bank, Brighton—Hall, West,
and Borrer
Burlington and Driffield Bank Burlington—
Harding, Smith, and Co
Bury St. Edmunds Bank, Bury St. Edmunds—
J. Worlledge
Cambridge Bank, Cambridge—Mortlock & Co.
Cambridge and Cambridgeshire Bank, Cam-
bridge—Messrs. Fosters
Canterbury Bank, Canterbury—Hammond and
Co

Carmarthen Bank, Carmarthen—David Morris
and Sons
Chertsey Bank, Chertsey—La Coste and Son
Colchester Bank, Colchester—Round & Green
Colchester and Essex Bank, and Witham and
Essex Bank, and Hadleigh, Suffolk, Bank,
Colchester—Mills, Bawtree, and Co
Cornish Bank, Truro—Tweedy and Co
Coventry Bank, Coventry—Little & Woodcock
City Bank, Exeter—Milford and Co
Craven Bank, Settle—Alcocks, Birkbecks, and
Co
Cardiff Bank, Cardiff—Towgood and Co
Chepstow Old Bank, Chepstow Bank, Mon-
mouth Old Bank, Monmouth Bank, Brecon
Bank, and Ross and Herefordshire Bank,
Chepstow—Promage, Snead, and Co
Derby Bank, Derby—W. and S. Evans & Co.
Derby Bank, Derby—Samuel Smith and Co
Derby Old Bank and Scarsdale and High Peak
Bank, Derby—Crompton, Newton, and Co
Devizes and Wiltshire Bank, Devizes—Locke

and Co
Diss Bank, Diss—Oakes, Fincham, and Co
Doncaster Bank and Retford. Bank, Doncaster
—Cooke and Co
Darlington Bank, Durham Bank, and Stockton
on-Tees Bank, Darlington—Backhouse & Co
levonport Bank. Devonport— Hodge and Co
Dorchester Old hank and Dorsetshire Bank,
Dorchester—R. and H. Williams
Fast Cornwall Bank, Liskeard—Robins, Fos-
ter, and Co
East Riding Bank, Beverley—Bowtr and Co
Essex Bank and Bishop's Stortford Bank
GFFaaubvrthieledcrsnkfogh, Chelmsford—Sparrow, Round, and Co
Exeter Bank, Exeter—Sanders and Co
Fakenham Bank, Fakenham—Gurneys, Birk
rdaadomnnßd
Bank,
nßCaaknoikk,Gaun
Guildford—Messrs.
Faversham—Hilton
fBo radn_kmof
sIVs
ra st
lla gaaeny,
dd Fona
Co.r.
Farnham Bank, Farnham
G or id na gh
ud
Granthamoi
nn
g— BB
Bank,aa r nnke,s ,
Grantham—Hardy
G Aoldeadi line and Co
Mg
e sAr si
e K 1
1 aen
nr sgd hh
Co t and
Keen
Hastings Old Bank, Hastings—Smith, Hild
and Co.
Hereford City and County Bank, Hereford—
Matthews and Co
Hull Bank and Kingston-upon-Hull Bank,
Hull, Smith, Brothers, and Co.
Huntingdon Town and County Bank, Hunting-
don—Rust and Veaseys
Harwich Bank, Harwich—Cox, Cobbold, and
Co.
Hertfordshire, Hitchin Bank, Hitchin
Sharples, and Co.
Hereford, Ross and Archenfield Bank, and
Roes and Archenfield Bank. Hereford—
Morgan and Co
BanadnkC,o.
Suffolk,
tertee and Mistley
Ipswich
Bu Ipswich
d Bank,
i Bank,aganhnd dBN aene Ipswich—Baconkc
Bank,
aicNeedham
Woodbridgean
faninrkgßank, Ipswich—
Alexander and Co.
Kentish Bank, Maidstone—Mercer, Randall,
and Co.
Kington sand Radnorshire Bank, Kington—
Davies and Co.
Knighton Bank, Knighton—Davies and Co
Knaresborough Old Bank and Ripon Old Bank,
Knaresborough—Harrison and Co
Kendal Bank, Kendal—Wakefield, Crewdson
and Co.
Kettering Bank, Kettering—J. C. Gotch and
Sons
- End Staffordshire Bank, Lane End—C

10,487
61,954

22,378

13,282

2.902
16,320

48,064

30,860

23,459
2,938
17,270

34,945
48,177
7,603
20,125

66,356

8,662
10,000
35,515

27,726

8,277
10,374

69,344

79,520
9,590

48,680

99,193
54,882

46,253
28,624

8,253
11,987
6,687

4,482
13,178
30,468

30,635

15,805

20,637

52,860

5,255

32,252

19,469
22,404

67,828

14,655

25,864

20,712

40,884

9,394

Lane Jim.
Harvey and San
Leeds Bank, Leeds—Beckett and Co.
Leeds Union Bank, Leed..)— W. Williams,
Brown and Co.
Leicester Bank, Leicester—Pagets and Kirby,
Lewes Old Bank, Lewes—Molineux and C 0....
Lichfield Bank, Lichfield—Palmer and Greene
Lincoln Bank, Lincoln—Smith, Ellison, and Co.
Llandovery Bank, Lampeter Bank, and Llan-
dilo Bank, Llandovery—D. Jones and C 0... 20, 478
Loughborough Bank, Loughborough--Middle-
ton and Cradock
Lymington Bank, Lymington—St. Barbe and
Co. .

5,275
53,143

37,053
28,889
23,880

69,979

7,183

Lynn
ryaßßnaßdengikasikrkrabanlneymdedkoLo.u.is.tn.wh.c.,eo.s.ln.tpr.sy.ih.y.io.mr.e Bank, Lynn
Regis—Gurneys and Co.
Lynn Regis and Norfolk Bank, Lynn Regis—
Jarvis and Co 13,139
Macclesfield Bank, Macclesfield—Brocklnhurst
and Co.
Manningtree Bank, Manningtree--Nunn and
Co.
Marlborough Bank, Marlborough and Wilts
Old Bank, Marlborough Old Bank, Marl-
borough Old Bank and Hungerford Bank,
and Hungerford Bank, Marlborough—Tan-
_...--
ner and CO
Merionethshire Bank, Dolgelly—Williams and
0 QA n
Son lop tfs,.
Miners' Bank, Truro—Willyams and Co ... :
Bank, Abergavenny—Bailey
saredasoßrdidadneldl 24,162
Bre-
con Bank, Chepstow Bank, Chepstow Old
Monmouth
o n m o u th Monmouthshirec i.d Agriculturalßank,
m onin
Ie
yoaunatdnh
dßcano
k..:.8. Commercial.r. .6: 29,139
Bank, and Ross and Hererordshire Bank,
Monmouth—Bromage, Snead, and Co 14,037
ammcs
rhii
drsed
oa 1 Bank,:.k a.i.l
is. d
Smith
Co.
.t.ohleaford—Handley, Peacock,
and Co
Newbury Bank, Newbury—Bunny & Slocock 21,546
Newmarlo!t Bank Newmarket—Eaton, Ham.
and N,koorlsolakor:Bm_a_nßkEirieNnrseootrntwi:npcdha--r6BooGn.u.sr,-
N NewarkeNweawrka r Bank,
anßi idka
Bank
klNe, aesfwo Newark—Godfrey
ki—a Bank, dfr
andeY
mond, and C0........................... . ......
Norwich Crown Bank and Norfolk and Suffolk
Bank, Norwich—Harveys and Hudsons 48,979
. Hart, Fellows, and Co ..
111.t.8h-allarls 102,194
and Co. . ................................ n 2
No
ttNuneatonttii
nugh Norwichghaa
ram Baßank,annd
No
nc., . .C.i .. ...............................................
. and Co.
O Navalsw e s t
westry—Croxon and Co .
ON:wordSaOruidmßaßnakn
CanlidneChea.
Old Bank, Tonbridge, Tonbridge and Ton-
bridge Wells Old Bank, Tonbridge and Ton-
bridge Wells and Sevenoaks Bank, Ton-
bridge—T. H. and S. Beeching ..............
Oxfordshire Witney Bank, Witney—J. w'•
Pease's Old Bank, Hull, the Hull OW Bank
k:NNuonotettaitnitnoggnhh—a
and Beverley Bank, Hull—Pease and C 0....
Penzance Bank, Penz.r._ico—Batten and C 0....
Peterborough Bank and Oune Bank, Peter-
borough—D. Yorke and . C 0................
Pembrokeshire Bank, Haverford.west—J. and

16,858

20,260

10,710
. 3,416

21,594
8,180

31,258

11,664

30,891

9,311

10,605

48,111
10,287

9,392

W. Walters .........
Reading Bank, Reading—Simonds and Co
Reading Bank, Reading—Stephens, Blandy,
and Co.
Richmond Bank, Richmond—Roper and Co
Rochdale Bank, Rochdale—Clement, Royds,
and ...........
Rochester, Cha
tham, anStrood Co , Roches-
ter—Day and Nicholson
Royston Bank, Royston—Fordham and Sons
Rugby Bank, Rugby—A. Butlin and 50n.....:
Rye Bank, Rye—R. C. Poadret, &Co
Rosi Old Bank, Herigf,rdshire, Ros
Allaway and `lacdouga
,Saffron Walden and North Essex Bank, Saf-
fron Walden—Gibsons and Co

12,966
30,672

29,620
6,750

3,940

8,042
14,237
9,186
13,841

-rl,..tels of flosl per ton n.t

e. d
Bebside's Hartley 15 0
Davison's West Hartley 15 0
Hastings' Hartley l4 9;
flolywell l6
Howard's West Hartley
Netherton l5 01
Longridge's Wst Hartley 15 Oi
Canfield Moor l4 0
fanfield Moor Butos 14 0
Victoria 15 hi
Walker Primrose l3 6
West Riding Hartley 14 6
West Hartley Oreys l4 6

wallsend. sr,
Acorn Close l7 3
Bell's Primrose l4 0
Eden Main l7 6'
Braddyll l7 9
Framwellgate l7 0
,
Haswell 18 6
ihlps at market...l43

4,014

BIRTHS.
op A SO&

34,916

Q 7.,;: TEE SUN, LONDON, TUESDAY EVENING, JANUARY 27, 185 7.
_ ______ ____ _
_ _ ____ .... ....,
- -- - - -
THE LAW OF .LIBEL. his decision is unimpugnable. Whatever a journalist I ninepence "short of its legal term in April twelvemonth, deceiving as they were deceited the whole of these per. from the Cape of Good 11013 e, when the defendant would 1 BANK _RETURNS. ; Country Markets,
way print, therefore, when reporting the speeches 1 a new act will be required ; and if once such an act is sonages were the humble slaves of Napoleon, and the be charged again with the offences. 1
—a.- 1
_____---0.
(Prom the Times,) at a public meeting, he must publish suo periculo, before the house, who knows what insidious arrange- Emperor of the French looked upon all with f Lewis (Lewis and Lewis) referred to the defend- ' ••
of " Davidson v. Duncan," which If the
k has hazarded libellous statement- + • 9 T, • • • - 1
M . pc, •ti
spea maker
r law report of last Saturday, resusci- and to be libellous in legal acceptation there
!is nniiec,eB.' to leave things as they are. With this recommendation his brother Joseph on the throne of the imbecile Charles. si lady, and intended to reside in London within ' Victoria, cap. 32, of the Average Amount of Bank Too wheat trede was dell, at a veil ape of 2s. to 3s. per
tion which we had hoped had long since ; city that it should be false-the newspaper in which hie we will venture to declare that the public are in no hu- The latter, alarmed by the aspect of affairs, both domes- the jut isdiction of the c,,tirt He submitted Notes of the several Banks of Issue in England and quarter. Best barleys the turn cheaper, with little de-
inal rest. speech is reproduced becomes viable to action for libel, moor to agree. The Disraelite Opposition are quite tie and foreign, as they applied to him, contemplated for that the very reason alleged on the other side Wales, in Circulation during the Week ending Satur- Ina" All else unaltered in value.
day, the 10ta day of January, 1857 :- Wheat, white, old, per a. R. R. 8.
s that there exists at Hartlepool a small just as if the assertion complained of had been promulgated ready to lead the attack on the Ministerial position if a moment, took flight to Mexico. Au insurrection of the that the defendant had committed offences in Parts
Average qr. 34 72 Oats, per qr "4 30
neat, having large powers over that upon its own authority or emanated from its own writers, any resistance is offered. But when public opinion is people rendered the accomplidiment of this project im. abroad, would induce him to reside in the country. It
PRIVATE BANKS. new 37 71 Peas, Partridge 41 43
Amount.
;11. We have not read the statute In the case before us' it seems that at a Public meeting , once roused to the extent and depth of its present possible. Godoy was flung into prison ; French troops would appear from the affidavits that the defendant left
red, old .. '...32 6 White 39 46
a they act, but, judging from their of the Hartlepool Improvement Commissioners some- i agitation the people of England need never be in want were pouring into Spain ; the King, terrified for his owe the Cape voluntarily, and was induced to leave from a
new.... 34 62 Boiling 4O 47
thing was said calculated to lacerate the feelings or of leaders, safety, and the Queen, caring for nothing but the rescue communication made by the Attorney-General of the Ashford Bank, Ashford-Jemmitt and Pomfret 11,746
Barley 33 44 37 39
West Hartlepool Improvement Com-
Dun
can probably pull down anybody's rests of theplaintiff, whose
damage theThint . . name is If the question related to a branch of permanent re- of her favourite, thought that their respective objects colony. Aylsham Bank, Aylsham-G. and T. Copeman ----
Andover Bank, Andover-Heath and Co. .. ... 10,827
32,350 Chevalier ........... 38 52 Beans, Tisk .36 40
Duncan.
roceeedseinsayingsawlerelprinted in the general ceipt, there might be a better excuse for reluctance to would be achieved by abdicating. Accordingly, the one Mr. Eadie cited a case in which it was held that a Aylesbury Old Bank, Aylesbury-Z. D. Hunt Grinding ... ....... 33 44 Harrow tick, 40 48
all up anybody's sewer, or stop up an Duncan.
Bank and Baldock and Biggleswade Malt 73 77
journal, the Durham part with it. Other taxes might be pointed out cans- in an extremity of terror, the other under the impulse of mere denial that a man did not intend to abscond was
Mazagan 35 37
. That they can impose taxes upon all report
rtenefunpty Advertiser,b,y and oca
thereupon Mr. Duncan, ins injury to commerce and industry, or which the na- unbounded hopefulness, descended from the throne and not sfficient. The alleged pretended marriage was a Bank. Baldock-Wells, Hogge, and Co ---- Chevalier 75 79 Ditto, new..,35 38
yin Hartlepool appears upon the face of leaving the original author of the libel untouched so far tion would be very glad to escape, and the alternative on the 19th March 1808, Charles 'g d the ' ptee mercy retence and too absurd to be believed. Barnstaple Bank, Barnstaple-Marshall and Co. 8,783 ---
lin • Bugs , and, even if this were the sole as appears, brought his
action against the journal, would then lie between exemption from one impost or Le. to his son Ferdinand.: The first feelTiZt Charles had Mr!) Lewis said it was no pretence, and he could prove Basinestoke and Odiham Bank, Basingstoke- COLCHESTER- JAN. 24.
heir power, it might appear to justify which merely reproduced it among other particulars of i other. But in the present case no offer of that kind is po, of his tmerowned condition was on befring that the new it but of coarse did not wish to be a partisan in the s ' Lamb, d 20,606 The wheat trade was d
eymour, an Co.
sty in the inhabitants of this town as to what transpired at the meeting. In itself the libel, as 1 Bible. Whether or not, the income tax will drop to sd. King had ordered all the wolves and foxesto be destroyed, matter. Bedford Bank. Bedford-T. Barnard and Sons 34,013 decline of ls. per quarter on best and 2s. on secondary par-
lommissioners were saying, anal what Lord Campbell acknowledged, "was very mild ;'' yet some twelve months hence. The whole gain to the Go. which Charles had preserved for ur oses of "s ort"-- Mr. Justice Crompton was of opinion that the appli-
P P P Bewdley Bank, Bewdley - Nichols, Baker, cell. Barley is lower and the demand slack. Beans and
10,521 peas about the serve as last noted.
kely to do. To satisfy this very natural his lordship parsed judgment against the defendant, ac- vernment is, therefore, limited to a sum of about 9 mil. the only pleasure which, of late years, possessed any at- cetien for discharge should be granted. He should have and. Co
the part of the people of Hartlepool, cth°omlP"Yinghis sentence with the following expose of lions, which they would receive this year, and never tractions for him. The poor old man made no complaints wished to have detained the defendant, but it would Bicester and Oxfordshire Bank and Oidord Prices to-day were as follow :-Wheat, white, 62, to 74,;
wspapers published reports of the meet-
" Ul7eraa, it now. stands in relation to the question .- again, and to obtain which the country most be left suf. of his son's policy, but the idea that his son had sup. appear that this country was the best place in which to Bank, Bicester-B .M. and G. Tubb 14,200 red, 58s to 645; barley, 44s to 528 ; oats, 23s to 28s ; beans,
Mazagan, 368 to 33a ; middle and small, 3,'s to 44s ; peas,
the existing law a fair account of what took faring under an intolerable burden until April 1858 pressed his hunting establishment made bim weep take up his domicile if the allegations were true. Hie Birmingham Bank Birmingham--Atty,-oods,
Hartlepool Commissioners • and so it
23,315 white, 40s to 44b ; grey, 40s to 425.
$ place in a court f' t. •'1 ed Th' tdm t' b besides f h • 1 ' • the • • -orderedthe defendantbe discharged. '
o jus ice was privi eg . is was a mos an sar mg, est es, rom t e sense of injustrce and heartily. Meanwhile, subjection of Ferdinand to lordship
at no man's house was pulled down in ben .
eficial provision because the public had a great broken faith practised upon them b h Majesty'sM' Napoleon complete. Nob ICharles.Aapplication was then made to Mr Justice Willes •
em y her 1- was lase so was that of n h d Warwickshire Bank Bir
Birming am anf
9,379 Official Statement of the Quantities of Corn, &c., received
and no man's sewer was pulled up, and interest in knowin ' what passed there under the con- nesters. On
detainerby creditor . d '
so temporary a foundation it is evident The former asked for the Imperial recognition of his in the case on a a named Re ergius,, mingha,m-J. L. Moilliet and Sons
~ ~...,, in the port of London, from the following ports, from
es were doubled, without those coming tr.,' of the
jud g T • ' '
whichthat
ge. he inconvenience arose no new adjustment of taxation is possible, and the title ; the latter appealed to him to set aside the act of and the matter was strongly opposed, at d Mr• R°Y s Blanclford Bank, Blandford-Oak and Co.
casting their shadows before. This from allowing such a privilege was infinitesimally millions will
be extracted from the pockets of the tax. abdication, to which Charles had consented only under affidavit again read. On the part of, tbe defendant it Boston Bank, Boston-Garfit and Co 69,928
of things continued for some time, but small compared with tbe benefit which it conferred ; but payers without hope of reimbursement in any shape. It compulsion Ferdinand repaired to Bayonne to lead was said that the object was to detain the defendant on Boston Boston-H. and T. Gee and Co. 148,92
.1 ~...,
~..; . al . ••
)vement Commissioners, quite Datil-- as yet the privilege had not been extended generally to is a naked act of spoliation, which nothing his * found himself ' - Charles, his d information. There pretence that n Bridgwaterßank, 'd Jand J. L.
short of some cause, and hea prisoner. - .
is the nature of Commissioners so to public meetings. He was not aware that the doctrine well proved case of State necessity can justify. consort, and Godoy, were ordered to be brought to the offence had been committed in this country. Seale),
to a squabble with a neighbouring that the same privilege applied to public meetings had, Between the public and the Government the prize con. same city, and the family feud was only embittered by Mr. Justice Willes was inclined to refer the matter to Bristol -Bank, Bristol-Miles, Miles, and Co 36,774
—-- - lectively they passed some strong reso- until now, ever been contended for in a court of justice, tended for in this crude lump of nine millions. This ' the parties being in presence of each other. It Was the the Court, but after consulting with Mr. Justice CromP- Broseley and Bridgnorth and Bridgnorth and Colchester - 200 -- 53 23 200
individually they used fierce words-- and it certainly would, if established, extend the privilege money cannot be considered revenue in any sense of the object of Napoleon to rid himself of the pretensions of ton ordered the discharge. Broseley Bank, Broseley-Pritchards, Boy- Harwich ' 611 30 485 -23 - 430
isant to the ear of an absent gentle- to an alarming width, and he did not think it could be word. It passes once into the Treasury, but never again, all. The obsequiousness of the ea-Sing furthered, but Subsequently a similar application was made to Mr. cott, and Co. . 17,207 Leigh - - 147 - -
absent gentleman was indignant that sanctioned without some guards to protect private cha. It is like the contribution levied by se, invading general the obstinacy of Ferdinand retarded the accomplishment Baron Bramwell, before whom three summonses were Buckingham Bank, Buckingham-Bartlett, Par- Malden 1146 111 2501 5 (708 170; 107
things should be said of him, and he meter. If the plea were.. good,. a fair account of what from some captured city. The Government can build of the desired end. Never was Spanish. comedy built up made returnable. The case of a creditor named Ross and rott, and Co.
KIRKCALDY-JAN. 24.
t for somebody to punish. Rapidly took place att any.Pnblic.tmeeting might lawfully be pub- no future system of finance upon it. The receipt is spe. on half so many intrigues as were put in action in order another was gone into, and occupied the learned Baron
~,,,. Bury and Suffolk Bank, Sudbury Bank, and
There was a fair supply of wheat, which sold slowly at a
his victim, he brought his action not lisped,
e ' whatever
ainadvievridiunjlarY Imight
do to the private nha- cial, arid must be devote Ito a special purpose if it is to to dethrone the Spanish Bourbons altogether, and to till nearly six o'clock. Mr. Eadie opposed, and Jur. Stowmarket Bank, Bury St. Edmunds-
-70,474 reduction of 2s. per qr. Barley and oats in rather small
racier o aa: To lay down such a doctrine be usefully or sensibly expended. Now does any such found a Bonaparte dynasty in Spain. The more serious Lewis supported. Three learned judges had already
Oakes, Bevan, and Co,
Commissioner A. or IVlr.Commissioner would be most alarming, for many things ' - Gillet, Tawney, supply, and both are le. per qr. dearer.
art the local newspaper which had
re- at a meeting very injurious to the character at private mends, or " fina; payments" to be met &arm '- • • e contrived a close to the Mr. Baron Bramwell considered the case of so much
g the next Napoleon s impatienc
and Co.
they said. The
First
Old Bank, Banbury-Cobb and Son 27,617
proceeding was very individuals, and the mere fact of the meeting having financial year, which will require to be stopped by some disreputable affair On the 5-h of strikingflay, 1808, the importance that he should refer it to the Court. The Banbury
_ Second
me as if a man should see by the aid of a been a public one, and of the proceedings being fairly immediate appliance, and are not likely - here- V. . - visitedthe. S apish ' - - .
to recur
Bath City Bank, Bath G. oger Son ...
Third 2Bs Od I 33s 0.1 I 228 od 1 os tl.,
a that some one wasshaken
g his fist and reported, would exonerate the printer or publisher of after! Can the Chancellor of the Exchequer show that aged Charles and his consort were assembled their se• mained in custody.
Bedfordshire Leighton Buzzard Bank, Leighton
sr insulting gestures at him behind his the journal in which the report appeared. In what he wants for the year 1857-8 nearly ten millions more cond son, Carlos ; the evil genius of the family, Godoy ; --- Buzzard-Bassett, Grant, and Co . 33,434 Oatmeal, -s to -a per bag of 2801 b.
.
rould straightway, instead of turning situation would the calumniated man be I The falseness than he is likely to require in 1858.9 !In such eontin. the Minister Cavallos, and several Grandees. At the INSOLVENT DEBTORS' COURT. Birmingham Bank, Birmingham-Taylor and - ---a------
of the accusation would be
30,548 JOA.I. ta.A.RIiET,--J.A.N. 26.
mocking down his adversary, raise his no ground for an action, and gency only can the coniinuaece of the income tax for the end of a conference between the chief of these illustrious (Before Mr. Commissioner Phillips.) Lloyds ____ _ ___ _
k and demolish the looking-glass. be would have no opportunity of redeeming his charac. ensuing year be
endured. Yet when pushed to the utter- personages. Ferdinand was summoned tn annaar If .... ..... •I. - __. to action was teers,-,,sei. -a .4.- a-r..._ ter."

ET -JAN. 26.

the close of the roarko.

Wallsond, etc.

•
i . 8 ' •
ffetton lB 6
Hetton Lyons Main l6 6
Lambton lB 0
Lumley 17 6
Pensher l7 0
Russell's Hetton 17 9
South Hetton 18 3
,3towart's
Whitwell . l6 0
Cassop l7 6
Hartlepool lB 0
Hartlepool Hetton l7 t
Hough Hall 17 0
Hunwick l6 6
South Kelloe 17 6
Tees lB 6
Whitworth l6 6
Coundon Tees l6 6

f 4old

SEABORNE MAILS.

[When the date for making up a mail falls on a Sunday,
the mail remains open until the day following ; except in the
case of the India mail, via Southampton, which, on such
occasions, is made sip the previous evening.]

FOB FROM
Made up at Whence By what When By what
the des-
Vessel. expected Vessel
Post-Office, patched.
--....-- --
Lisbon,..... i 7th,l7th, &
South- Spain
•• M 27th of the} Madrid Jan. 24 bra.
Gibraltar .. ampton Ilam
month.
Gibraltar •.1
Malta .. • • ..
Egy,t ...• .. I 4th & 20th 4th and
South-Ceylon •. M of thelndus 20th of I °lnn*.
India ...... month. ampton the
Mauritius month.
1 ,viaCeylon)J
China
Penang .. .• i M the South- Indus Feb. 4.. Colombo
1 Singapore
A ustralia(viai At } South- Mornhli/
the Cape)
Cape of Good
Hope .. ••
Mauritius .. E Feb. 5.. • . Dart- Harbin-
mouth ger Jan. 25 England
Ceylon ....
India
Lisbon
Madeira .....1
CapedeVerds
Brazil
ampton South-
BuenosAyres Medway Feb.. 12 Avon
f
Falkland Is- I ,I.
lantls J
Wes., Indies
(except Ha-
vana and
Honduras). Ist and
2d and 17th
Venezuela - 16th of
Grev Town 2l of the
month. , ampton Parana the Atrato
New Granada
Chill .
Peru......
California .. i month.
*
Honduras -IvtF b 17 / South- 16th of
Nassau .... e - • • ampton
Month, •
H
Mexico
. .... r
_, r
.south.
. }
eb. 2....
ampton Parana Feb. 1
avana ..
Atrato
Madeira .. ..
I' eneriffe .. Feb. 23 ..} Ply-
W C.of Africa mo. th
Liver- •• •• Feb 6 Ethiope
British North
America .. Every Fri.}
United States pool Europa Tan. 26 Niagara.
United States f Feb. 3 and arr. 260
BritiQt North alternate Liver-
.. • • Jut. 29 .....• • •
America .. l'nescht) a. pool
United States
British North f3l Feb. 25 .. } South- Herman .Feb. 19 Area.
America .. ampton
Canada .... I E fan. 27 7 Liver- Anglo- Feb. 4r • Aire-
pool Saxon Nowa._

31—Morning. E—Evening.

LOOAL SHARE MARKETS.

LIVERPOOL, JAN. 26.

*MON EXCHANGE.—The market is quiet, at stead)?
prices. Caledonian, 30$ —Eastern Counties, 94—Lan-
cashire and Yorkshire, 96$—London and North Western,
1064—Manchester, Sheffield, and Lincoln, 34j—Midland,
82i—North-Eastern, 21—South-Eastern, 244—Oxford,
Worcester, and Wolverhampton, 6 per cent, stock, 110i--*
Birmingham Guaranteed, 75—Great Western of Canada,
24i 8 •

ETER, . 26.
STOOK EXOtIA NA
NGNCHE.—TheSre wasJAN a quiet market, with-
out change in prices. Leeds Northern, No. 1,3 i p.—East
lAncashire, 23 9-16 —SheiThilds, 341 Caledonians, 399-16
—Londons, 106,i—Great Western of Canada, 2413-16
Dovers, 221 —Manchester Assurance, 7 p.—Midlands, 821
—Eastern Counties, 9t.

BIRMINGHAM, JAN. 26
STOCK EXCHANGE.—This market was steady to-day,
and prices firm. North Staffoxas, 4i—Great Western,
65 &j —London and North-Western, 106 1064—Birming•
ham and Stour Valley, 8i 9.

[ADVERTISEMSixIr ]—Among the numerous extraordinary
u
without meth eine of Indigestion (Dyspepsia), Flatulency,
cures without
Nervous, Bilious, and Liver complaints, Cough,
Ethma, Consumption, and Debility, effected by Du Barry's
delicious health-restoring Revalenta, Arabica Food, the follow-
ing are not the least remarkable :—Cure No. 47,121.—" Miss
Elizabeth Jacobs, of Nazing Vicarage, Walthamcross, Herts : a
cure of extreme nervousness, in digestion, gathering, low spirits,
and nervous fancies." Cure No. 48,314. —" Miss Elizabeth
Yeoman, Gateacre, near Liverpool : a cure of ten years'
dyspepsia and all the honors of nervous irritability." Cure
No. 3,906. Thirteen years' cough, indigestion, and
general debility have been removed by Du Barry's excellent
Revalenta Arabica Food. —JAMES Pearmi, Athol-street, Perth.
Supported by testimonials from the celebrated Professors of
Chemistry Dr. Andrew Ure • Dr. Shoriand ; Dr, Harvey ;
Dr. Campbell ; Dr. Gattiker ' • Dr. Wurzer ; Dr. Ingram ;
Lord Stuart de Decies
' • the Dowager Countess of Castle-
stuaft ; Major-Gen. Thomas King, and many other reap actable
persons, whose health has been restored by it, after all other
means of cure had failed. For further particulars ro-pe
ing this invaluable food our readers are referred to Du Barry's
advertisement 1,'.1 another part of this paper.

On the 25th inst., at 3g,Southampton-row, the wife of
Charles J. Allen, Esq.
On the 26th inst., at 20, Grafton-street, Berkeley-square,
the wife of Dr. Wane.