The Sun.
London, England, 1861-04-10 00:00:00

By being prolific in delays, contentions, and that is, German soldiers, from Itungary, 80,000
difficulties of collection. Added to which, this of wh om now watch over their freedom
one penny tax alone has been productive fax) of of discussion ; they may recall the Hungarian sol-
another delightful consequence—" raising nice dicers -not a man of whom can legally quit Hun-
little points of law," says the memorial, " gary without the leave of the Diet —and thus para-
'
little points of law as to ownership." So that se -the army which now, with Mr. ROEBUCK'S
Mr. GLADSTONE may at least lay that flattering goo:Pwill, but not with the goodwill of Sheffield
-
unction to his soul—he has ingeniously contrived and
England, tramples Venetia under foot—with-
a tax which, while it is prolific of worry and annoy- out ove. rstepping the line marked out by a succes-
ance to the general trade and commerce of the sion of sc. slemn treaties, and which all legal Kings of
country, while it is productive to the revenue of no Hungary Lave sworn to observe, they can demand
more than one little ludicrous item of £5,000, has freedom, autOnomy, a merely personal union with
actually tended to increase the litigiousness of our the rest of the Empire, and all that belongs to a
mercantile population. There is yet another of these free, constitutional, brave, and independent
dreadful little taxes applied to trade and commerce kingdom.
in this country that we may yet venture to parti- And the truth is, that nothing lest; than all these
cularise. It is Mr. GLADSTONE'S memorable three- rights can make the Hungarians safe in connection
penny stamp on Dock Warrants—a tax that he with the HAPSBURGS. Without an independent
expected would bring, if not more than that, at Government, without an army bound to the king-
any rate £lOO,OOO ! Again,—here he has shown dom when the Diet demands it, and without an
that he has so ridiculously miscalculated that the Exchequer absolutely under their own control, the
threepenny stamp on Dock Warrants, so far never-dying treachery and despotism of the dynasty
from bringing in £lOO,OOO, has brought in less might revive at any moment, might plot their ruin
than merely £lo,ooo—has brought in just barely while making the fairest professions, and might

£9,000 ! And this, forsooth, is England's Master-

mind as a Financier ! Could we but induce ourselves

to arrive at the same conelosion, to regard Mr.

GLADSTONE as his infatuated admirers regard him
—i,e , as England's Master-mind as a Financier—
we should certainly have to arrive at another con-

elusion immediately afterwards—namely, that the
country is trembling upon the verge of national
bankruptcy.

The Great Hungarian Struggle has now reached
a crisis, at which it may well concentre on itself
the interest of all free Europe, and of all in Europe
that longs to be free. Last Saturday is a day that
is not likely to be soon forgotten. It is
one of the days which will be an era in history.
On that day not only did the first representative
assembly for the whole Austrian Empire meet at
Vienna, and local assemblies in Bohemia, Styria,
Salzburg, and elsewhere, but the Diet of Hungary,
the oldest constitutional assembly in Europe, con-
siderably older than our own, met also; and met
after a suppression of twelve years, by an Emperor
who presented the evidence at this very meeting
of his being a self-convicted usurper. It is even a
more notable resurrection of constitutional life than
that of the British Parliament of 1640, which was
the first after a similar interval, as nearly as possible,
of about twelve years. It would almost seem
as if in constitutional countries ten or twelve
years was about the time after which the
necessities of a would-be despotic monarch com-
pelled him to summon again the dreaded repre-
sentatives of his misgoverned subjects. Singu:ar
indeed would it be, if the HAPSBURG should imitate
the STUART—should dissolve his Parliament almost
as soon as he had summoned it—find himself com-
pelled after six months to summon it again—
inaugurate thus a Hungarian Long Parliament—
and,—but historic parallels are better after the
event, than in anticipation. We can only say that
if poor CHARLES' perjury, treachery, and cruelty,
justly cut off his head, the HAPSBURG of Hungary
may be thankful, indeed, to keep his on his
shoulders.

It is remarkable that the Diet was inaugurated on
the part of the Hungarians by a touching com-
memoration of the blood shed by one of their
noblest patriots, and through that atrocious
mingling of the basest treachery and the most
relentless barbarity which seems the instinct of the
HAPSBURGS, and of the more brutal Germans, whom
they select as their councillors and agents. It is
not so long ago but that great numbers of our readers
will remember, that Count Louis BATTHYANI
went as a delegation from the Diet with other
deputies to WINDISCHGRATZ to treat for peace.
His nobility, his high standing, and the modera-
tion of his liberalism made him confident that
bis personal influence would do much towards
securing a better treaty. Coming on this sacred
miEsion, and with perfectly pure hands, in the
eye of the law, and of legal relations between the
Crown and the Diet—he was seized as a traitor.
He was not, however, murdered at once—not till
the HAPSBURGS, equally cowardly and cruel, had
crushed.,Hungary by the aid of the fiend NICHOLAS
did they venture to imbrue their hands in his
blood. Then they sentenced him, one of Hungary's
first nobles, to be hung—hung with so many other
patriots, by the wretch who delighted in add-
ing insult to cruelty. The noble, in despair, at-
tempted to cut his throat with a penknife—and the
wretches impatient foi' his blood, and having shame
enough left to shrink from hanging him in this
condition, accomplished their work with the sol-
dier's musket ! This was the patriot noble whose
funeral eulogy no less a personage than Prince
ESTERHAZY pronounced at the Hungarian inau-
guration of the Diet of 1861. BATTIIYANI'S
blood will speak throughout all Hungary like the
blood of ABEL. May the CAINS who shed it soon
be vagabonds on the face of the earth !
But first came the proofs of the prolonged usur-
pation. KOSSUTH has always contended that
FRANCIS JOSEPH was but a pretended King of
Hungary. FRANCIS JOSEPH has now himself put

;hat fact past doubt. KOSSUTH has but to obtain

from Pesth certified copies of the papers just laid
before the Diet to prove, one would think, to the
satisfaction of Lord JOHN RUSSELL, of Sir GEORG E
CORNEWALL LEWIS, of Sir RICHARD MAYNE, of
even the mysterious "policeman," and finally of Sir
JOHN STUART himself, that the plaintiff, who
sought British aid against the exiled but legal
Dictator, was not King of Hungary. Setting aside
KOSSUTH'S claim, there was a hereditary claimant
whose title was so unimpeachable that FRANCIS
JOSEPH goes on his knees to his illused uncle—
unless, indeed, he used more violent methods—and
gets him at the eleventh hour to renounce the
crown of Hungary, as he had previously done

renew the work of blood. It seems, to come to this.

that of Austria. To think of all the villanies
and cruelties perpetrated by the young usurper,
liberally aided by the spite of German states-
men—who were jealous of the personal superiority
which constitutional liberty had stamped on the
Yung-trians as freemen and soldiers—makes even
us foreigners shudder at what we know. What
must Hungarians feel? They are, it is true, a for-
giving race, a noble, a confiding race ; but -they
can hardly be so deluded as again to trust them-
selves without the best securities to the hands of

Hungary must deal with her HM'SBURGS as we

dealt with our STITA.RTS, or she must render them

powerless in her hands.

E j T NEWS.

TELEGRAPHIC INTELLIGENCE.
TURIN, APRIL 9.

In to•day's sitting of the Senate, Signor Vacca
put the interpella tion in reference to Rome of which
he had previously given notice.
Count Cavour, in his reply, said :

" In the Roman question the Italian Government
can only employ moral means, and cannot act
against Rome as a conqueror."

Count Cavour admitted that the solution of the
Neapolitan question was bound up with the Roman
question, and that it was necessary for the tran-
quillity of the Southern provinces that the antago-
nism between the State and the Church should

cease shortly.
" The Government," he continued, " will ener-
getically suppress any disorders at Naples, but the
most efficacious means to that end would be the
solution of the Roman question. The hopes which
I recently expressed have not diminished,"

Count Cavour then maintained that the Italians
were not only liberal, but as much Catholics as the
French and the Belgians.

The Chamber then almost unanimously adopted
the following order of the day proposed by Signor
Matteucci

" The Chamber, having confidence in the Govern-
ment, and acknowledging the necessity for the
union of Rome to Italy, in accomplishing which,
however, the grandeur and independence of the
Church and the Pope will be guaranteed, passes to
the order of the day."
In the same sitting Count Cavoar, in reply to an
interpellation, gave a formal denial to the rumours
of an intended cession of the island of Sardinia to
France.

NAPLES, APRIL 9.
A searching inquiry relative to the late re-
actionary attempt is being prosecuted.
Several individuals, bearers of important papers,
have been arrested. The conspiracy was well
organised.

The unimportant manifestation at Naples in
favour of Prince Murat has had no result.

PRAGUE, WEDNESDAY.
The Bohemian Diet has adopted a resolution
praying for a general amnesty.

ST. PETERSBURG,
WEDNESDAY.

The Journal de St. Petersbourg of to-day pub-
lishes the following telegram, dated Warsaw,
April 8 :

" Great crowds of people having assembled be-
fore the Castle were dispersed by force.
" The conflict was renewed several times. Ten
persons were killed, and as many wounded, Five
soldiers were killed. Forty-five persons have been
arrested."

ITZEHOE, APRIL 9, EVENING.

A secret sitting of the Estates took place to-day
for the final discussion of the report of the com-
mittee on the Danish proposals.
All the comclusions of the committee were unani-
mously agreed to.

BARCELONA, 4PRI,L 9, EVENING.

The great Lyceum Theatre of Barcelona is on
fire. The flames have spread to the neighbouring
houses.

VIENNA, APRIL 9.

Yesterday the Emperor signed a patent law for
Protestants in the Slavo-German provinces of the
Empire.

the .accursed dynasty, the authors of all their woes,
and the constant rewarders of forgiveness and
generosity with implacable cruelty.
How the Hungarians will meet the proffer of
abdication from FaRDINAND V. remains to be seen.
By law he cannot be discharged from his duties,
but by the consent of the Diet. If they see fit to
do so. they have abundant reason to delay that
=cent. .suppo7e all to go smoothly I7Prr,
though we arc told there were many bittct"
remarks on the date of the abdication, the vital
question cannot be long evaded. The KING must
nominate a Palatine out of three persons named to
him by Ow-Diet; then he must Prepare by the
diploma, or coronation decd, to recognise the full
rights of Hungary ; to consent to a separate Hun-
garian Ministry, and to an inel:Tendent vote of su:•-
plies and troops by the Hungarian Diet ; they nay
then legally insist on the witiadra-wing of foreign,

The leading features are—=complete independence
in religious and educational matters ; Presbyterian
form of Church government, but with a Consistory
formed of Protestants nominated by the Emperor ;
the right to build churches with steeples and bells,
and to acquire property in all the provinces. Matri-
monial matters are for the present to be treated in
accordance with the laws of the Civil Code.
On the whole, the law is as liberal as can reason.
ably be expected.

WARSAW, TUESDAY MORNING.
Yesterday popular demonstrations again took
place in the streets of this city.
The military dispersed the people by force, kill-
ing and wounding a great number.
To-day the city is filled with troops.
TUESDAY AFTERNOON.

The great popular de:nonstrations which tool:
place yesterday was occasioned by the dissolution
of the Agricultural Society.
A large but unarmed crowd appeared before the
Castle.

The cavalry charged and the infantry fired on
the people, killing and wounding upwards of 100.

The following diplomatic correspondence, refer-
ring to the assumption by King Victor Emmanuel
of the title of " King of Italy," has been received :

"Berne, March 23.
" To his Excellency the President of the Federal

Council.

" Your Excellency,—The National Italian Par-
liament has passed a !aw, which has been sanc-
tioned by his Majesty the King of Sardinia, in
virtue of which Victor Emmanuel H. assumes for
himself and his successors the title of • King of

By thi3 act, is declared solemnly, and according
to the constitutional forms of law, the re-organisa-
tion of a nation which will henceforth be recognised
as u I 1 by Europe.
I'ossessing the sympathies of the most en-
lightened peoples, Italy now takes a place among
the powers with the confidence of becoming an ad-
ditional element in guaranteeing general order and

security.
uuderaiBfled, Envoy Extraordinary and