The Sun.
London, England, 1857-07-20 00:00:00

Africi is neither more nor less than slavery, pure

and simple.

Wo ars told that it is but an experiment, by
means whereof an adequate supply of black labour

cart be obtained where it is now deficient—that

it is for the benefit (! ) of the negroes who, being

slaves in their own country, will be redeemed or

purchased, and entitled after a specified time to
return home free and independent. In other
words, their penal servitude is to be but for seven
or ten years, in place of being for life. It is also
said that the scheme, having obtained the sanction
of the French EMPEROR, it is useless to struggle

against it, and that we may as well participate in
the benefits to arise from the specious device. In
other words, that Great Britain, to please its

ally, should enter on a retrograde policy, and
-•

ignore all the struggles and expenditure
of the last half century—should deliberately
abandon all its efforts for the suppression of the
abominable traffic, and recant the opinions, which
elevated the British name t) the highest rank in
the scale of nations 1

which an oath should be taken, as in subjecLing

to the legal penalties of perjury any who Should

t die one wrongfully, and wilfully and deliberately

make false statements in matters pertinent to any

legal inquiry then pending. It was, we believe,
passed for the purpose of setting at rest the doubts

that arose respecting the evidence of some Chinese
witnesses who were sworn by solemnly breaking
a saucer in court. It is, therefore, not exactly
applicable to the present proceedings.
The resolutions suggested by the Honourable
Gentleman appear, " facia adunguem," exactly
suited to the emergency. They are founded

on the unwritten law of the land, as ex-

plained in the leading case of " OMICHUND
v. BARKER"—and the numerous authorities that
have followed that established precedent, and

many which were collected by the late eminent
Jurist, Mr. S➢IITH, in his well known "leading
cases." They are as follows, and we fancy will

command the universal assent of the Liberal

Members friendly to the principle of the Oath's

Lord BROUGHAM bas boldly grappled with the
specious fallacy. In a speech distinguished by
all the vigour and energy that characterised his
early and most brilliant exertions, he has de-
flounced the scheme, and obtained the cordial c.)-
operation of Ministers, and the unanimous assent
of the House of Lords, to the address to the
QUERN", " that she would be graciously pleased to

.1. ATEST NE WS

Bill, viz.:—
" Ist. That by the undoubted law of these
realms, every person called upo❑ to take an oath
is entitled to have such oath administered in the
form and with the ceremonies most binding upon
his conscience.

FRANCE.
PARIS, SUNDAY EVENING.
After some time spent in taking counsel and de-
liberating among friends and 'colleagues, it seems
to be settled that three out of the five Democratic
deputies for Paris refuse to take the oaths to the
Imperial Government. These three are General
Cavaignac, M. Goudehaux, and M. Carnot. The
lest is said to have hesitated a good deal, the first
less so, but the second declared from the beginning
his repugnance to Fiisinnit to such a condition.
The conduct of the authorities in pressing on the
interment of Beranger before twenty-fours hours
had elapsed, is doubtless palliated by the maxim
that " necessity has no law." One can hardly
condemn the precautions taken to prevent a repeti-
tion of the tumultuous displays and the serious
conflicts of which the streets of Paris have been the
theatre on similar occasions, though one may blame
as unnecessary the menacing intimation conveyed
in the ordinance of the Prefect of Police on the
morning of the ceremony. The haste with which
tiloleeopiineteitielutthetirookappprlcicreiatwe
owing to the fact of the au,thorities having,
received information that revolutionary com-
mittees would meet on the night previous to the
funeral, and organise their plans of " manifesta-
tion." With the army that Paris and its envi-
ronshave at hand, anything like a successful attempt
appear hopeless : and the at insurrection may
pro-
jectors of the " manifestation' may have contem-
plated nothing beyond a strong mustering of
was,
tinigs siaglniesgta
badges. A committee of the secret societies,
was, we are assured, to meet on the day following
the death of Beranger ; and it was again to sit the
same night, ignorant of the resolution previously
come to by the Government that the funeral
should take place without delay. There is
something abhorrent from every feeling of hu-
man nature in converting affection and reverence
towards the dead into an occasion for disorder,
and in provoking a collision over the remains,
not yet cold, of one whose name has been in the
heart and on the lips of Frenchmen for the last 40
years and more, regardless of the dying injunction
of the dec used himself. The force ready to act in
case of emergency was very large. Independent of
the four regiments which kept the boulevards from
the Theatre of the Ambigu to the Cha,ten d'Eau
under General Blanchard on Friday, two brigades
were in readiness at the Bastille ; and, besides the
squadroes of the Paris guards in constant move-
ment up and down the line to keep the passage clear
for carliages and foot passengers, strong patrols
of Carabine-rs, who had come in from Versailles,
watched in the direction of Pa=sy (the po +t's former
residence) and the places contiguous. Detachments
also occupied the streets leading to the Rue Ven-
dome, where Beranger lately resided. In a word,
the arrangements were of such a nature as to crush
instantly the slightest attempt at disturbance.
It is said that a Convention is to be signed be-
tween the Sovereigns cif the Italian States, with
the exception of the King of rdinia, to guarantee
each other against revolutio y attacks.
Prince Woronzow, onl nof the celebrated
Prince Woronzow, late error-General of the
Crimea, has arrived in Paris with his family.
The Minister of Marine has decided that in
future no int re cutters shall be built fur the
French navy. They are to be replaced by advice
boats of 30-horse-power.
" The investigation into the plot aoninst the Em-
peror," says a Paris letter in the Independancee of
Brussels, "is still carried on with great activity.
The accusation appears to be concentrated on two
of the Italians in custody ; the third appearing not
to have known much of what they were about.
One of the two confegses—the other denies. The
affair, the precise gravity of which has not yet been
ascertained, seems decidedly to have formed part
of the projects which have just come to light in
Italy."
A Paris letter, in the Nord of Brussels, says :
"If I am well informed, a 1 rug conference took
place a few clays ago between Count Walewski,
Lord Cowley, and Baron de Hubner, principally
turning on the affairs of Italy, and on the in-asui 03
to be adopted for preventing a recurrence to the*,
attempts, S 3 calculated to compromise European
tranquillity. The French Government is actively
engaged iu organising means for watching more
closely than ever the proceedings of secret societies
abroad, and to defeat their manoeuvres. Count
Walewski as as authorised to impress on Lord
Cawley that Engl end, of all the Power;, was
the one that could lend the most useful co-
operation to such views. by not giving so readily
an asylum to ail the revolutionary prapaoau-
di,t4. It has been already stated that an Italian
Power had assumed the initiative in making
representations to England on the great latitude
afforded to political refugees in the British capital.
At present letters from Italy announce that it is
the Grand Duke of Tuscany who made an applica-
tion on the subject through his Charge d'Affaires at
London. The English Cabinet, it is said, replied.
that the habits and leg'slation of the country did
not aliow it to comply with the prayer of the repro-
sentatioti so made, but that, as it could not send
Mazz ni away, it would subject him to a strict sur
veillance."
BOURSE, July 18.—The following were the las
quotations :
Cash, fr. C. End of Month.
41 per Cents .........02 -- --fr. —.3.
3 per Cent 5........... 67 30 67 35
Bank Shares .........2,000 Credit Fancier —
Credit Mobilier ...... 937 50 Ronmn
Do. Acc0unt......... 947 50 Austrian
Belgian 4; ......... .. Spanish Threes 4O
Fiedmontese (5) ...... 911— Home Debt
RAILWAYS—FOR CASH.
fr. c.
Orleans ............... 1,140 Western
Northern ............ b 51.1— Strasburg
Lyons .................. —-- New Ditto
Mediterranean ...... --- Grand Central
Geneva ............... ,680 Sardinian . 5lO
Midi ................ 700 Austrian Cum.

" 2d. That the question, ' Whether the oath
which the deponent is willing to take is really
most binding upon his conscience,' must, from the
nature of the case, be decided by the party who
administers the oath.
" 31. That although any such decision by an
inferior court would be a proper subject for ap-
peal, yet it is the law of this land that there can
be no appeal between courts of co-ordinate juris-
diction."

withhold her countenance from all such sche:nes
among her subjects, and would use her best en-
deavours among her MAJEsrv's allies for engaging
them to discountenance all projects which have a
tendency to promote African emigration by any
means directly or indirectly connected with the
purchase of slaves or ransom of captives taken in
war."

The first resolution is, as we have shown,
founded on the Common Law, and cannot be con-
troverted or impeached by any constitutional law-
yer. It follows as the natural consequence of the
decision in 44 01110E1E1ND V. BARKER." The se-
cond shows who are the legitimate and proper
judges of the manner in which the oath should
be taken, so as to be " most binding on the con-
science of the recipients." For this purpose he
will be examined on the voir dire, as it is termed,
so that the presiding authority may deter-
mine whether the proposed form is suitable and
proper, according to the religious opinions of the
party.
That being determined, none but a superior
Court could subsequently impeach that decision.
But the House of Commons recognises no supe-
rior, and we cannot suppose that any of the
Superior Courts of Common Law would arrogate
to itself the right of reviewing or control-
ling its resolutions or judgments. Ex-M.P.
has, therefore, struck the right nail on the
head. The proceedings on Friday night will
show the utter absurdity of the RUSSELL
compromise, which can only weaken the
position of the npresentative branch of the
Legislature, without the slightest prospect of
averting the collision that sooner or later must
take place. We trust, then, that the members
who are again to meet to-morrow, will eventually
decade on the course which the honour and dignity
of the Commons House of Parliament imperatively
demand, and that they may obtain the cordial
ccncurrence of Lord PALMERSTON and his Govern-
' went therein.

There is apparently but one dissentient to this
decided course. But one journal that does not
feel that it is, at best, but " a mockery, a delusion,
and a snare," one calculated to revive the un-
holy trade, in all its glaring enormity ! The
Times asserts—" That taking that grand sum-
mary view of the question, which we cannot help
taking, after a quarter of a century, the process
was a failure," that "it destroyed an immense
property, ruined thousands of good families, de-
graded the negroes still lower than they were, and
after all, increased the mass of Slavery in less
scrupulous hands." It also sneers at Lord
BROUGHAM as " that distinguished representative
of the intentions and failures of the last genera-
We are, however, still disposed, on such
a point, to pin our faith on the veteran
Reformer ; the indefatigable fellow-labourer with
CLARKSON and WILBERFORCE—the consistent and
faithful philanthropist, who has so long defended
the rights and liberty of his fellow-man, without
distinction of race, clime, or colour—and we d.)
so the more readily when all the reasoning and
argument are on his side, and nothing, save a
ponderous and unworthy attempt at ridicule on
the other.
Lord BROI7OIIAM did not ascribe any wrongful
intention to the EMPEROR. He believed that he
had been misled, misinformed, and deceived," and
he clearly, distinctly, and unequivocally pointed
out the mode in which the scheme, if carried into
practical execution, " must end in a renewal of
the internal African Slave Trade." The
arguments of its promoters, including the
Times, were merely a rechauffee of the hackneyed
reasons that had been invariably used on every
occasion for the last 60 years, so long as any pro-
-1 slavery men could be found with sufficient
hardihood to repeat them in his place in
eithar House of Parliament. Lord BROUGHAM
proved, beyond the possibility of doubt,
that the negroes would not understand
the plan, even were it to be carried out in the
most straightforward and bona fide manner. None
would voluntarily consent to ten years exile, with
compulsory labour in the interval, however spe-
cious the promises that may be made respecting
the terms and prospects of a return. The demand
would only be met by slaves brought from the
interior. The King of DAHOMEY, and other
sable poten'ates, would unleash their respective
packs and pursue the human gamo with increased
vigour. A market was ensured for their captives,
and when once they could legally be purchased,
and legally conveyed across the seas, it would be
impossible to check those who would seek not t )
ransom the prisoners, but to deal according to the
old piraticar, system, and to carry off their victims
to permanent and hopeless slavery. As M.
FITZPATRICK, an unimpeachable witness, &clan d,
" a limited demand in the way proposed would
bring more slaves from the interior than were
wanted, and they would be starved in barracooes,
while it would unsettle the minds of the people,
and disturb, and destroy legitimate trade, as
much as au unlimited traffic under the old sys-

ion."

Her Majesty the Queen Dowager of the Netherlands.
attended by the Dutch Minister and a numerous suite,
also the Duchess of Orleans, the Duke and Duchess of
Montpensier, and a large party, visited the Crystal Pa-
lace en Saturday, and dined in the Palace after the dis-
play of the great fountains.
The Earl of Derby returned to town on Saturday,
from Knovraley, Lancashire.
The Earl of Wilton came to town on Saturday, from
staying with the Earl of Derby at Knowsley.
Viscount Altborp, M.P., has left England, with the
retention of making a tour of several months' duration in
the United States.

tern."

Under such circumstances we rejoice that
her MAJEsTY's Government have had their
hands strengthened by the unanimous res.:-
lution of the Upper House, and trust that
the Commons will arm them with a sin:lair
weapon. Against such remonstrances as they will
then be justified in forwarding, we cannot con-
ceive that other Powers will remain insensible.
It is the duty of every man, who desires the total
abolition of the infamous trade, to spare no enrts
that may conduce to bring about that great
desideratum, and prevent England from undoing
all that she has achieved for the last half century.

We earnestly invite attention to a communica-
tion, signed " Ex-M.P." •which will be found
in another part of this day's impression, and which
boldly and fairly grapples with the interesting
question of Baron ROTHSCHILD'S undoubted right
to sit and vote in Parliament, as one of the chosen
representatives of the City of London. We regret
that " Ex " should be prefixed to the magic ini-
tials. We want such men at the present day—
men w;th clear heads, vigorous intellects, and un-
flinching resolution—to assert their rights and
privileges, without truckling or bending to expe-
diency, or yielding what ought " to be'' to what
conveniently may be.
The "Ex-M.P. " clearly explains what we as-
serted on Saturday, that the case of Alderman
SALOMONS was essentially different from that of
Baron ROTHSCHILD, in the event of the House
passing a resolution to admit him on
taking the substance of the prescribed
oaths. It has in truth " no bearing whatever
on the question respecting Mr. DILLWYN'S
lution." Alderman SALOMONS took no oath,
or rather no "legal" oath. For the authority
by which the oath was administered decided that
it was not a valid execution of the requisite for-
mality. Had the decision been different, as we
hope
and believe it will be in the present in-
stance, no action could have been brought, no
forfeiture incurred. The House would be ack-
nowledged to be the sole judge of its own privi-
leges, and it would undoubtedly be decided that
no appeal would lie to another tribunal of co-
ordinate jurisdiction.
The resolution of which Mr. Duamvx had giveu
notice scarcely meets the merits of the case. It
is framed on an erroneous interpretation of Lord
DENMAN'S Act. That statute was not framed so
much for the purpose of prescribing the form in

L ,rd and Lady John Russell have taken their depar
ture from Farrance's Hotel, where they havo been mak•
iug a lengthened sojourn, for Pembroke Lodge, R:ch.
mond Park.

Lieut.-General S:r Colin Campbell, the new corn-
wander-in-chief of the English army in India, arrived at
Marseilles on the morning of the 15th, and embarked
on board the Vectis, which started in a few minutes
after the Alexandria.

THE ROYAL ITALIAN OPERA.—The following were
among the fashionables attending the performances on
Saturday evening :—The Duke of Wellington, the Mar-
quis of A ilesbury, Viscountess Di:lon and the lion.
Miss Dillon, Lady Charlotte Denfeon and the Hon. Miss
Charlotte Ellis, L ird and Lady Ernest Bruce, L ird
Henry Thynne, Lord and Lady Boston, Lord and Lady
Soutlaainpem, Lord and Lady Charles Wellesley, Lady
Macfarlane arid Miss Macfarlaee, the Ladies Ft z-
maurice (2), Sir William Somerville and Mies Sonier-
vle, Sir George Armyta,ge, Sir Cearles and Lady
Morgan, Sir Charles Forbes, General the Hon. Henry
Ceveudish, Hen. Mrs. Aehborne, Hon. Francis and Mrst
Stenor, C Tonal Meyrick, Colonel Brownlow Knox,
Colonel Rigge Count Curti, Captain Napier Stuart,
Captain Noel, ;Ur. and Mrs. Cavendish BeriNtiinrc. kG,
George
eleaornpgelislyte,r,Mr. Captainand Mrs.cia C)ton'aar,Les Wx
r.Geraheeamte,
Smith,
Mr.
Ewen, Mr. Norbnry, Mr. Archedeckne. Mr. Lane Fox,
Mr. Woodford, Mr. Peppick, Mr. C. C. Martyn, Miss
Burgoyne, Mr. Vyner, Mr. H. W. Currie, Mr. Bidwell,
Mr. W. 11. Duff. Mr. MAlmay, Mr. Antrobus, &c.
Meneete. CELESTE.—We t xtract the following from
0,1/i/dr-tun/ :—" Madame Celeste, the directress of the
Royal Adelphi Tileatre in London, is at present in Paris
ter a few weeks' repose after the fatigues of an unusu-
ally prolonged mearion. This lady, who is termed the
Madame Derval of London, in melodrama, has also the
reputation of the first pantomimic actress of the present
day."
SURREY THEATRE.—"II Trovatore" has been pro-
duced, under the superintendence of Mr. Tully, and is
executed in a very creditable style. The chief novelty
connected with the performance is the appearance of
Mr. Henry Squires, a young tenor of much promise, in
the 'eviller character of Manrico. He has a chest voce
of great compass, well suited to the gentle strains of the
romantic troubadour, which he sings with taste and
feeling, though he lacks force for the more violent de-
monstrations of passion. Leonora is represented by
Lucy Escott, who exerts all her energies to give force to
the passionate utterances of the character. The most
finished performance in every respect is the Azucena of
Miss Lanza, who not only sings the music in artist-like
style, but acts in a free unconstrained manner that happily
avoids both tameness and exaggeration. Tne choruses
are executed with great spirit, and the manner in which
the whole work is done shows high talent for organise-
tien on the part of the musical director, , He finds his
reward in an enthusiasm among the audience that is most
remarkable considering the warmth of the weather.
PRINCE NAPOLEON. LIVERPOOL, JULY 17. His
Imperial Highness Prince Napoleon returned to Liver-
pool from Manchester last night, and proceeded on board
La 'Leine Hortense. This morning the Prince proceeded
on board the -United States steam frigate Niagara, where
he was received by Captain Hudson. He was shown
over the vessel, with the noble proportions and capacity
of which he seemed highly delighted ; and his attention
was also directed to the process of °ellen the great At-
lantic submarine telegraph cable on board. Captain
Buds, n explained the properties of the cable and it,
mode of manufacture, and presented his Highness with
a piece of it, and with a chart showing the place where
it Is to be laid down. The Prince, who repeatedly ex-
pressed the pleasure be had derived from this interesting
visit, stayed on board about an hour and a half. This
evening the Depu'y Mayor and Mr. Charles Turner will
dine with his Imperial Highness on board the Hortense,
which will sail to-night for the Isle of Man, from which
place it will probably proceed to Belfast.
THE ARMY IN IRELAND.—According to the Dublin
Evening Post orders have been received by the authorities
tr increase the strength of every effective regiment in
Ireland to I,ooo"strong.
REGIMENTS ORDERED HOME.—The 30th, 47th, and
55:1 R-3girnents at Gibraltar, are under orders to em-
bark for England, as also the 6Sth Light Infantry from
Cephalonia.
LANCE REGIMENTS.—We understand that the several
corps of Lancers, the 9th, 12th, 15th, and 17th Lancers,
are to be Heavies, and that a new system of exercise is to
be introduced into that branch of the service.
THE ATLANTIC TELEGRAPH.—The United States
steam-frigate Susquehanna arrived at Portsmouth yes-
terday afternoon. She is to accompany the Niagara in
laying down the cable.
CROPS IN CANADA.—Letters from Canada say the
crops are magnificent, and an abundant harvest is looked
upon as a certainty.
THE WELLINGTON MONUMENT.—The Exhibition of
models for the monument to the late Doke of Welling.
ton in Westminster Hall, was opened to the public this
morning. It will continue open on Mondays, Tuesdays,
Fridays, and Saturday until further notice. The models
are valued at 25,0004

r c,

THE SU itT, LONPON, MONDAY EVENINGP rilirLY 20, 1857.

THE MEDITERRANEAN MAIL.

SOUTHAMPTON, SATURDAY NIGHT.
The Peninsular and Oriental Company's steam-

ship Pera, Captain John Soy, arrived at 9 p.m.,
with tho heavy portion of the India and China
mails, in charge of Lieut. Rolton, KN., Admiralty
agent. She left Alexandria July 6 ; Malta, 10 ;
and Gibraltar, 14. The Pera, outwardo., met with
generally fine weather, but experienced fresh head-
winds from Cape St. Vincent to Malta, a distance
of 1,200 miles. Homewards she met with light
head-winds in the Mediterranean, a Levanter
through the Straits, light variable winds up the
coast and across the Bay, and calm smooth weather
up the Channel.
This steamer brings 132 passengers (67 first and
65 second class), among whom are Colonel Jervis
and family, Messrs. Lushingiton, Belli, Bailey, and
Polam, from Calcutta ; Mr. Smith, of the War
Department, from Hong Kong ; Dr. Mackenzie,
from Malta ; and Sir G. Leith, from Gibraltar. On
freight she has 4001. in specie, 1,159 bales of silk,
2 casks of wine, 14 cases of opium, 214 packages
of coffee, 120 packages of gum, 9 bales of flax, 36
bales of wool, 6 cases of shawls, 76 packages of
valuable 4, 5 cases of stones, 2 casks of sugar, 20
packages of elephants' teeth, and 132 packages of
general merchandise.
Her Majesty's s'eamer Tartarus was at Alex-
andria ; the Hibernia, and Arrow at Malta ; the
Vulture at Gibraltar. •
Her Majesty's steam sloop Gorgon, Captain W.
Towsey, five days from Malta, arrived at Gibraltar
on the 9th, and left for the west on the forenoon of
the 13th. _ .

The Peninsular and Oriental Company's steamer
Colombo, Captain Black, with the outward mails
of the 4th, arrived at Gibraltar a little before 6
p.m. on the Bth, having made the run from South-
ampton in four days and three hours, one of the
quickest on record. She resumed her voyage to
Malta and Alexandria the same evening.
The Alhambra, with the mails of the 7th from
Southampton, arrived at Gibraltar as the Peru was
leaving at 9 a.m. on the 14th.
The steamship Araxes arrived at Gibraltar from
Alexandria on the 14th, and would leave the same
day.
The British ship Uncas put in at Gibraltar on the
6th, with topmasthead sprung and topmast carried
away, having experienced very rough weather in
the channel.
Exchanges at Gibraltar on the 11th were quoted
as follows :—London, 90 days' date, 504 to 501;. ;
Paris, ditto, sf. 350. ; Marseilles, ditto, sf. 35c. ;
Madrid, 8 days sight, 1g dis. ; Cadiz, ditto, dis. ;
Malaga, ditto, 8 dis. ; Seville, ditto, 4- dis. ;
Alicante, ditto, dis. Valencia, ditto, dis. ;
Barcelona, ditto, 8 dis. ; Spanish pillared dollars,
4 per cant. premium (none) ; and Carolus, 58 per
cent. (bone); both in demand.
The Pera exchanged colours with the following
vessels during the Voyage home :—July 11th, off
the Cane Rocks, the steamer Mel ta, steering south
east ; off Galita, the Peninsular and Oriental Com-
pany's steamer Colombo ; 24 miles west of Galita,
the schooner yacht Fairy Queen, steering west ;
45 miles west of Galita, Her Majesty's steam-frigate
Curacoa, steering west ; 15th, 30 miles north of
Cape St. Vincent, the bark Alexander Grant,
steering north ; at noon, off the Rock of Lisbon,
the European and Australian Company's steam
ship Jura, steering south; 16th, 30 miles south of
Cape Finisterre, Her Majesty's steam frigate Gor-
gon, steering north-east. 17th, 70 miles south-
west of Ushant, the auxqiary screw steam ship
Istauiboul, from London for Melbourne ; 18th, 50
miles south-west of the Start, the Peninsular and
Oriental Company's steamer Sultan ; 30 miles
south-west of the Start, the ship Ellenborough,
standing down channel, gith troops on board.