The Sun.
London, England, 1857-11-02 00:00:00

HIGH WATER AT LONDON BRIDGE.

~~

-----
followed, they would long previously h; aye pur-
sued a course which would have defend ed them-
selves without bringing the mercantile and trading
classes to the verge of ruin, and compelled. them,
in self-defence, to combine against establishments
that manifested so little regard for their interests
or sympathy with their sufferings. Speculators
first occasioned the panic, in order that they migL't
profit by the confusion and pick up handsome pro-
fits in the general sacrifice of property that must
ensue. In many cases the weapons so artfully
aimed at others recoiled deservedly upon them-
selves. It is at all times easier to create than
to allay excitement, to produce evil than to re-
store tranquillity. Men, however, will not
profit by experience. " The greed of gain," the
auri sacra fames, will stimulate them to proceed-
ings by which they endanger the wealth in their
possession, in seeking to increase it by unfair
means, until, like the dog in the fable, they forfeit
the substance in grasping at the deceitful shadow.
Notwithstanding the alleged decision of the
banks to give increased facilities to houses of un-
questionable solvency, there had been, within the
week previous to the departure of the Niagara,
which left New York on the 21st ult., a diminu-
tion of loans cal 3,751,427 dols., of specie
3,590,951 dole., and of deposits of 9,820,817
dols. It is obvious, therefore, that the experi-
ment of inconvertible paper has not yet re-
ceived a fair trial, and we are prepared for
the latest statement roil Halifax, to the 22d
of October, that the New York money
market was " very unsettled and decidedly
more stringent," and that on the Stock Exchange
p; considerable decline had taken place in all sorts
of securities. There had previously been a very
decided improvement on the announcemvut of the
suspen.Nion of cash payments, and that would have
been ma..intained, if the Banks had acted with
judicious liberality, rendering adequate assistance
to those who had legitimate elaims to support.
It is obvious that the drain of specie across the
Atlantic will not cease, and that the increase of
the minimum rate of discount by the Bank of
England even to 8 per cent. will not suffice
to protect the bullion in its vaults. Week after
week we see great reductions in the active cir-
culation and the amount of bullion. The pres-
sure of the screw is felt throughout the entire
country. Solvent houses are brought to the
verge of ruin, and only too happy if, by submit-
ting to the most serious losses, they can avert
actual bankruptcy ; and this state of affairs will
continue until they take matters into their own
hands, and compel relief from those who extract
unholy profits from their sufferings. It is the
Bank Charter Act, with its ridiculous prohibition
of small notes and restrictions on currency, that
has occasioned all the mischief. Had we 1/.
notes—which saved the nation in 1825, and
would save it again in 1857—such an amount of
gold would be liberated that we could freely
suppiy the wants of all other nations, and that
without any departure from the principle of con-
vertibility. But there should be an unlimited
power of expansion according to the discretion of
the directors. The exorbitant rate of interest is
in itself an evil of no ordinary magnitude. But,
bad as it is, the difficulty of procuring money at
almost any price is far greater. It paralyses
our energies, and prevents us from weathering the
storm.

THIS DAY—Morn., 27 min. aft. I—Even., 46 rain. aft. 1
Tallosaow —Morn., 9 min. aft. 2—Even., 30 min aft. 2

THB WEATHER—SUN OFFICE, NOVEMBER 1.
THEREOMITER, IN THE SELDE.
57—highest since noon yesterday.
51—lowest this morning and during the night.
58 —this day at noon.
BAROMETER, 29.05—falling.
WIND, Southerly, inclining to East; with fine weather.
NOVEMBER 2.
60—highest since noon yesterday.
57—lowest this morning and during the night,
59—this day at noon.
BAROMETER, 29.73—5ti1l falling.
W 11113,833- ; light, with mild, muggy, dull weather.
Slight rain in the morning.

4,1
Cs .6 „
-

LONDON, MONDAY, NOV, 2, 1857.

It could scarcely be anticipated that the gem-
, rat—indeed, all but universal—suspension of cash
Ixtyments in New York could pass over without
• home attempt being made to take advantage of
the opportunity thereby afforded of increasing
the confusion, by proceeuing against some of the
establishments that have adopted this valuable
Itud indispansatle precaution. It was by many
811Pposed that the (nerd refusal to liquidate all
tletuands in speeie was an act of insolvency, by
which the charter was forfeited, and that a com-
pulsory winding-up should follow as a matter of
'course.

Why should not relief be at once afforded
by the suspension of the restrictions of the Bank
Charter Act, and of the absurd prohibition against
small notes I The examples of Scotland and Ire-
land prove-beyond the possibility of a doubt that
11. notes are far better calculated for the business
of every-day life than sovereigns. Mr. JAMES
WILSON, by far the best financier in the Ministry,
; has explained that an issue of 20,000,0001. of
such notes would add to our command over every
description of commodity, would give us
additional purchasing powers, as great as
if bullion, to an equal amount, had been
discovered in the centre of England. But still
the Government will do nothing for the indus-
trious classes. They harden their hearts against
the sufferings of the people, and listen only to the
suggestions of the moneyocracy. Matters cannot
long continue in their7present state. Parliament
should forthwith be convened. The Indian as
well as the financial difficulty requires legislative
consideration. Lord PALMERSTON may dispose of
the one but he cannot of the other, and, during
the three months that must elapse before the meet-
ing of Parliament mischief may occur which can-
not be remedied during many years. The display of
apathy and indifference at the present crisis may
go far to impair the Premier's popularity. He
is at present slumbering on the brink of a vol-
cano, and should an eruption take place the
results may be more terrible' than he as yet has
any notion of. Let him be warned while there
is yet time, and not permit himself to be made a
tool of by those who have their own selfish objects
to promote, and who care nothing for the wants
and wishes of the great body of the people.

Cotton from India is the great desideratum of
the day. Manchester demands it ; the interests
of India demand it ; we may add that those of
miserable millions of slaves in the Republic where
"all men are born free and equal," demand it. But
upon whom does this onus lie of moving and acting
in this work Y American slaves cannot move, and
their masters would prevent all cotton growing in
India if they could. The Indian Government
has enough on its hands, in all conscience just
now, and is likely to have for some time to come,
in its more legitimate province. All that G )-
vernment can well do at present, and probably
the best thing it could do under any circum‘
stances, is to afford every facility for private com-
mercial enterprise. For this the Indian Govern-
ment, absolute as it is, has more in its power
than the Home Government has in any domestic
matter. There are are at present, to be sure,
three Governments to be consulted—the Board of
Directors, the Board of Control, and the govern-
ments of the several Indian Presidencies. We
believe, however, that in matters of local manage-
ment the Board of Control never interferes,
and that the East India Board with its
representatives in any of the Presidencies,
do as they please. Practically, it lies then with
the East India Company to say whether they will
afford smh encouragement and aid as a Govern-
ment can do through its absolute powers, and
through its public and efficient sanction to private
enterprise. It is private commercial enterprise
on which reliance should be placed to do tba
work. Manchester—vie have often said it, and
we repeat it—Manchester itself must put its
shoulder to the wheel.
Now we are gratified to believe, on good
grounds, that the board of directors is incline il tO
do something
in earnest for Manchester, if Man-
chester will but
do its own part. Some docu-
ments are now before us,which go far towards
satisfying us, that the East India c mp
a n y will,
l
furnish the aid of the necessary governmental
powers, and we have every reason to think that of
a government guarantee also, for an effective sys-
tem of irrigation and canal transit in the Madrag
Presidency. Manchester, as we have understood,

The experiment has just been tried against the
dank of New York by a Mr. LINING STON E, the
. holder of two " circulation notes" for 100
dollars each, and the application wa% re_
filsed by Judge ROOSEVELT of the Supreme
Court, who, in a well-considered judgment,
pointed out that the question was one for the dis-
cretion of the Court, and that unequivocal evi-
Ilence of insolv(ncy must be supplied before any
:2'unmary or exq-aordinary step will be taken- to
stop the proceed!ngs of a bank, that has only lfilu
ticipated in a general and much required move-
'meet.

This is a valuable decision, and one that will
give great encouragement to the commercial com-
munity. It is believed that if the banks had not
been frightened by the penalties that might have

THE SHIN, IA 0 :'44;D N MON DAY F N
. ,

TILE INDIAN MAILS.

On the sth inst. the Bo mbayawl Calcutta packets
will be due at Suez, with news from Calcutta up
to the 10th of October, and from Bombay up to the
17th of that month. This news should reach Lon-
don, via Trieste, on the 12th inst. By the last
packets Delhi was 20 days' post from Calcutta, and
14 days' from Bombay, and Cawnpore was six days'
post from Calcutta. There was considerable delay
in the post reaching Calcutta and Bombay from
Delhi for the last packets, on account of the muti-
nous state of the intervening neighbourhood. If
Lucknow was relieved at the time it was ex-
pected to be, it would probably be about 7 or 8
days from thence to Calcutta. It is possible that the
roads between Delhi and Calcutta or Bombay might
be clearer of interruptions than by the last accountsl
and that it might be only eight or nine days' post
between the former and one of the two latter places.
Lucknow was expected to be relieved on the 25th
of September. It is probable, therfore, that by
the next accounts we may have news from Delhi
up to a fortnight after it was captured, and from
Lucknow up to nearly a fortnight after it was re-
lieved. This news will undoubtedly be most im-
portant and interesting, for it will most certainly
contain the details of the capture of Delhi and most
probably of the reliof of Lucknow, and such ac-
counts of the operations of the mutineers as will
enable us to judge how much longer they will
be able to defy the Indian government. It is
quite possible that we might have an Indian tele-
gram via Sardinia in anticipation of the news by
way of Trieste, next Monday, that is on the 9•,;n
instant.

siLawd
e A,T. —W e understand that
great
and are making, in the
working
Evßein:gs expenses,
stehn Rout a
ff
ecti made,
the efficiency of the
estabishreent. As many as 600 builders kept on various
parts of the line, have, we hear, been discharged.
Herapath.
FATAL ACCIDENT ON BOARD THE GREAT EASTERN.—
On Saturday afternoon Mr. C. F. Carttar, coroner for
West Kent, held an inquest at the Unicorn Tavern,
Greenwich, on the body of James Crossley, aged 22. It
appeared that the deceased, who was the son of a farmer
ra,siding in the neighbourhood of Manchester, was en-
, gaged driving piles at the works of Messrs. Scott Rut-
sell, Millwall, preparatory to the launching of the Great
Eastern, when he received such serious injuries that he
expired soon after being taken on board the Dreak-
nought hospital ship. The jury returned a verdict of
accidental death.

FIVE DEAD BODIES FOUND.—Yesterday afternoon in-
formation wss steamed at the metropolitan police office
that during the day had been found in the river Thames,
off Deptford, tue body of a man about thirty years old,
5 feet 8 inches high, with dark hair, and dressed in a
blue striped over shirt, a shawl pattron waistcoat, a pair
of black trousers, and on his person was found an ancient
coin, marked "G. V. B." It was suspected that he bad
destroyed himself. A man, whose name is at present
unknown, was found in the parish of Dagenham, in
Essex, quite dead. He was about forty years of age,
5 feat 9 inches high, with dark hair, and 'dressed in a
blue Guernsey shirt, the cloth trousers, flannel drawers,
blue worsted stockings, and he ha] his shoes suspended
round his neck. A. percussion cap pistol was found
at his side, marked "V. R. Tower." Information
was also received that on Saturday a female, name
unknown, about 55 yews of age, five fees and a half
igh, dropbed down dead in Cleveland-street, Fitzroy-
square. She is described as being fair, and dressed in a
fancy straw bonnet, a red and grey worsted plaid shawl,
a lilao cotton gown, grey stockings, and leather slippers.
She had in her possession a basket containing ss. in
silver, a calico bag, and a latch key. Intelligence was
likewise received that on Saturday afternoon a respect-
ably dressed young female was observed by some boys
to pass along the towing path of the Regent's-canal, and
precipitate herself into the water. Information of the
occurrence was sent to the police-statien, but the body
could not be recovered until life was quite extinct.
The body of a gentleman was also found in the Regent's-
canal at Limehouse. The deceased was aged about 30
years, five feet fon, inches high, had grey hair, and was
dressed' in a black frock coat, black satin waistcoat,
white shirt and stockings (cotton), Wellington boots,
a black fashionable cap with peak, and a black silk
handkerchief.

THE ATTEMPTED MURDER AT BLACKLANDS, NEAR
PLYMOUTH. —On Saturday Tames Beghurst and Thomas
Brown were again brought up at Ridgway, charged with
burglariously enuring the house of W. Braddon, Esq.,
of Blandlands-house, and attempting to murder him.
The servants of the house were the only witne•ses
examined that day. Their evidence proved that Bog-
hunt, when in the service of Mr. Braddon, had on
one occasion passed through the bars of the kitct el
window. Those bars are 71 inches wide, the
same as those in the window where the eatrance was
effectel The chambermaid stated that when the shoes
which were found in the rear of the premises after
the burglary, were brought to her she Exelaimed they
are Jima shoes (meaning Boghurat), and at this time
she did not know that he was in the country, not
having seen or heard of him for two years. 13og-
hurst has a very long foot and a peculiar tread, and it is
thought that the evidence which will be brought to
hear upon this p int will be very important in the case.
The prisoners were remanded to Saturday next, and
were handed over to the county authorities fcr convey-
ance to Exeter. Brown fainted (luring the examination.
We are also glad to hear that Mr. Braddon is recover-
ing, although but slightly, from the severe wounds in-
flicted on him. He has not yet given any account of
the affair.

Samuel Leonard Tilley, Esq., has been appointed
Secretary, aad Charles Fisher, Esq., Attorney-General
for the provincs of New Brunswick. Joseph Sharving-
ton, Esq., has been appointed Treasurer, and William
Quin, E4q., Accountant for the Treasury Department,
island of Antigua. Jules Colin, Esq., has been appointed
a district Magistrate for the Island of Mauritius.
LIB CONDEMNED CONVICT AT NEWGATB.--.The mur-
derer Davis, wao was sentenced to death on Saturday,
by the Lord Chief Baron, is in a pitiable state of mind,
ani appears to have given himself up to utter despair.
During the whole of the trial on Saturday, Le trembled
violently ; and during the whole of yesterday, he wept
almost e ithout cessation. No hope is held out to him
that there will be any commutation of his sentence, and
the chap'ain has earnestly entreated him to prepare for
the fate which awaits him. The execution will take
place on the morning of Monday, the 16th inst.
THE SLAVE TRADE.—About 20,000 imported slaves
are expected in Cuba during the next three months from
Africa. Shipping for that purpose is fitting out in Ame-
r ca. The high price of sugar has greatly stimulated the
value of slave labour in Cuba.

SUSPENSION OF ARRANGEMENT FOR AFFORDING
ADDITIONAL MAILS TO AND FROM JERSEY AND
GUERNSEY.—In consequence of a reduction in the
number of days of sailing, and an altera
tion of the hours, of the packets between Weymouth
and Jersey and Guernsey, the arrangements which were
made for the conveyance of additional mails to and
from Jersey and Guernsey by weans of these packets are
suspended.—By command of the Postuaster-General,
ROWLAND HILL, Becretary.—General Post-office, Oat. 31.
A VISIT TO LEIGH HUNT.—Buchanan Read, who
bas just come hither from Rome to fulfil some painter's
engagements, took me the other evening to visit Leigh
Hunt—the sole surviving star of that constellation
which dawned upon the literature of England with the
present century. The old poet lives in a neat little
cottage in Hammersmith, quite alone, since the recent
death of his wife. That dainty grace which is the chief
charm of his poetry yet lives in his person and manners.
He is 73 years old, but the effects of age are only phy-
sical ; they have not touched that buoyant, joyous
nature which survives in spite of sorrow and misfortune.
His deepest eyes still beam with a soft, cheerful,
earnest light ; his voice is gentle and musical ;
and his hair, although almost silver white, falls in
soft silky locks on both sides of his face. It was grate-
ful to me to press the same palm which Keates
and Shelley had so often--clasped in friendly warmth, and
to hear him who knew them so well speak of them as
long-lost companion!. He has a curious collection of
locks of the hair of poets, from Milton to Browning.
That thin tuft of brown silky fibrv, could it really have
have been shorn from Milton's head, I asked myself.
"Touch it," said Leigh Hunt, "and then you will have
touched Milton's self." "There is a life in hair, though
it be dead," sail I, as I did so, repeating a line from
Hunt's own sonnet on this lock. Shelley's hair was
golden and very soft; Keates's a bright brown, curling in
large Baccbic rings ; Dr. Johnson's grey, with a harsh
and wiry feel ; Dean Swift's both brown and grey, but
finer, denoting a more sensitive organisation ; and Charles
Lamb's reddish brown, short, and strong. I was de-
lighted to hear Hunt speak of poems which he still de.
signed to write, as if the age of verse should never cease
with one in whom the faculty is born.—Bayard Taylor's
Letter in the New York Tribune.
GOVERNMENT PROTECTION TO EMIGRANTS FOR
CANADA AND T3E UNITED STATES.—As soon as an

emigrant ship reaches the emigi ant station in the St.
Lawrence, at Grosse Isle, a few miles below Quebec, she
is boarded by the Government Medical Officer. It there
are any sick on board they are landed and remain at the
hospital, at the expense of the Government, until they
are cured. I simediately on the ship's arrival at Quebec,
Ur. Buchanan, the Government Emigration Agent, goes
on board. He inquires into ad complaints, and sees that
all the conditions of the Act of Parliament for protect.
ing emigrants have been strictly complied with. This
ho is able to do in a most effective manner, al, when-
ever an emigrant ship leaves the British port for Quebec,
the
.Government Emigration Officer port at the forwards
to him, by mail steamer, a list of every passenger, with
their names, ages,
hwhere es; trade, &c. This list is always
received by Mr. Buchanan a fortnight before the ship's
ton
arrival. He thus possesses every particular that may
be useful prt eccat ion
atg the
onceetug emigrants, r
sa
on
ittso,
bai
on de
employ-
meat. p direct-
ingloy them
to ii
they
meat. If there be any just cause of complaint against
the captain of a ship, justice is afforded by a summary
law passed fur the purpose, and Mr. Buchanan himself
superintends the prosecution. The Government of
Clariada has issued a narephlet upon the resouroes of the
country and
the proai)eato in store for the industrious
of all classes who desire to make it the land of their
adoption, ThiB pamphlet, as well as full particulars of
the thrntigh-hooking system, by which emigrants are
protected from the time of their landing until they
reach their destination, together with maps of the
Canadian Railways, showing their connection with
tllyee of thy Tjnited Steites issued
continue to be
gratuitcmily to 411 who apply for them, personally or
by letter, at the offices of the Grand Trunk Railway
Of Canada, 21, Oid Broad-Btmet, London, E,C!