The Sun.
London, England, 1859-04-25 00:00:00

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fearlessly done his ;ditty, iilitaiatiOto'_,
would be fruitless. It was exceedbigly;r4asaht,
to him to appear before the citizens
-iifAimiloti
but he should feel more than an ordiriarkimohit "
of satisfaction when he, with his colleagues, ap-
peared in the Guildhall upon re-election.. (Cheers,
and cries of "It's all right.")
Mr. CRAWFORD said he did not prepare himself
for a long speech, therefore he trusted the meet-.
ing would excuse him. Hehad, however, to inform
them that the civic gentlemen who had to make
the usual preparations, had received notice
from the parties opposing the return of
Lord John Russell, Sir James Duke, Baron
Rothschild, and himself, that they did not
intend to proceed further with the contest. (Loud
cheers.) With respect to Lord Stanley, he was an
exceedingly able and talented nobleman ; he had
voted for the ballot—(a cry, " That's more than Lord
John Russell ever did")--or, rather he should
say, he had expressed his intention to do so, and
many other liberal measures ; but in taking office
under the present Government many of those libe-
ral opinions must of necessity be abandoned. (Cries
of " No, no.") He (Mr. Crawford) had voted for
the ballot (loud cheers) for the total abo-
lition of church rates—(cheers)—for Mr. Locke
King's motion for the extension of the privilege
of the franchise; and he could truthfully say he-
had never been absent from a single division in which
the interests of the City were in the slightest de-
gree interested. (Cheers). He should continue to
use his best endeavours on behalf of the great:
work of reform. (Loud cheers.)
Mr. • EDWIN JAMES having been espied on the
platform, a loud cry for him arose, in answer to which
the learned gentleman came forward and addressed
a few observations to the meeting. He said he had
so much to do in his own borough at the present mo-
ment—(loud laughter)—that he hoped they would
have excused him from addressing them. The
Government had dissolved upon a question,
of reform, and he felt satisfied that this
time there would be no mistake about the result
of that appeal. The people wanted nothing wild,
reckless, or revolutionary. What they wanted was,
Reform, and that they would have. (Cheers.)
Resolutions were then adopted, pledging the
meeting to support the four Liberal candidates.
After the usual compliment to the chairman, the
meeting separated.

NATIONAL DEFENCES AND RIFLE
CLUBS AND CORPS.

Arr. E. S. Cayley, in a letter to a contemporary,

says: --

In reference to your well-timed article of the
19th, on the state of our national defences, you
will, perhaps, permit me a few words.
The principle you indicate as the best for fortify-
ing us against those natural panics which occa-
sionally visit us in the existing state of our
defences is so far the true one, that in visiting the
various parts of the country for the last two years
I have not met a man who has denied it, and scarcely
one but wished it carried into practice.
During the great French waralmost every village
hereabouts had its prizes for shooting at a mark
with ball, and the most popular pastime of the day
it was. " Where did you get that fine copper kettle
of yours !" I said the other day to a tenant of mine.
" Oh, I won it ; a prize at target practice in our
village near 50 years ago."
The peace, the reduction of taxation, and, above
all, the painful catastrophe of Peterloo, made all
volunteer and yeomanry corps unpopular for the
time ; and every hint or suggestion for their resus-
citation of late years has been discountenanced by
the ruling powers.
To meet your view, let encouragement be given
on the part of the Goveanment for the establish-
ment of rifle clubs in each parish or township.
This would be effectually done by permitting a
battalion—say of 200 or 250 strong—to be raised
in each Poor-law union, which should meet for two
or three days consecutively once a year for exercise
and drill, when prises should be distributed to the
best rifle shots. Four or five of these union bat-
talions, 800 or 1,000 strong, might meet once a
year for three days in some central place, under
proper officers, for manoeuvring and the necessary
evolutions. A plain green blouse with black strap,
belt, and a cap, would be sufficient uniform • and
even the parish could supply them, as also Minie,
Enfield, Lancaster, or the best modern rifles from
the Government stores at cost price.
Some such plan might form an economical nucleus
for realizing your view. Let me add a word or two
on a view which has been working in my own
mind for two or three years.
Perhaps the best fortifications of England against
a foreign enemy, should he have the temerity to
land, are its hedges. In an unenclosed country like
Spain, even where the invading cavalry were com-
paratively on equal terms, we see the effect of
guerillas on an advancing or retreating army. In
the open plains of Russia it was the clouds of Cos-
sacks more than the snows that starved to death
Napoleon and his million of men. Supplies were
cut off. Foraging was impossible.
If this were the case in unenclosed plains what
must be the power of a country to defend itself by
such means where the country is enclosed, and
every field has its natural fortification ?
Gigantic strides have of late been made in gun-
nery and firearms—of course, or in all probability,
by persons unconnected with the profession—
Smeaton, Stevenson, and many other instances
would lead us to that conclusion. But, for defen-
sive warfare, especially on the guerilla system, has
any suggestion been made of the best mode of
applying those new engines of war ? Let me indi-
cate one which military men have approved when
it has been suggested.
The rifle is the weapon of the day. Let it be the
new'Thereest a
and
reinbest.e a c
hHedgerowscounty
yof are o
England
fo rotni fie coart i et
wn s.
o
or more " hunts," formed of men whose business and
pleasure it is to cross the country over hedge, ditch,
and brook. Let these, or each of these, be the
nucleus of mounted rifle corps to which thousands
of young farmers would attach themselves. In the
United Kingdom you might have 50,000 of them.
Let them be trained to fire at a mark from horse-
back ; then to dismount and fire simultaneously
with still surer aim at a mark, and again rapidly
to remount, varying their position in fields—behind
hedges, or on the crowns of hills. These rifles
carry 800 or 1,000 yards. Let 3,000 or 5,000 of
these rifles on each wing of an invading
army be ready to harass its advance front
fields and behind edges, whither they could
not be pursued, and, if pursued, know how to cross
country for a field or two until they reach a point
where they could dismount and pour a deadly
volley on their pursuers.
Under such a system, with railways, how could
an invading army live ? It could have neither
pickets, skirmishers, nor foragers, nor even artillery-
men long.
Another advantage of the adoption of some system
like this would be, that it would not merely aid the
operations of the great army of defence, but would
impede the progress of the invaders until the army
of defence could bo properly concentrated, and
probably at all times give it the choice of its field
of battle.

I venture to throw out these suggestions in mere
outline, which I have been deterred from offering
in my place in the House of Commons, because they
come only from a civilian.

ESTATE
property has been purchased by an English gentleman_
we believe, is only about
the sum of £47,000. The rental, .
OF FOYERS.-- This beautifuhighlafnoclr
--The Exhi-
bition wit%ltzelesboraantedd
hwaterfallo
of Industry is
is£ 1 , 0
almostoo a- 3ea r ,
unequalledbu t thfeoresitthatop,icture q
Isaris Rill not be possible to for-
rtihateed to E r
ng
.issh artists is empty I
this country before the end of May or
gaePdrcorn°Pling, as the invitation from the
to send, but they have" stated through
ARTin EP xa
rt li
srß
pi Ta Il
a 0
eNe .
bitiTonilEofPthAeßFlisnic;4ArivrtEs
that it ,*
a ropresen
r
e- par.ing for the Exhibitions of the season
olTpehei:n:,:hain:2deetatosuhfCtoefiojrtrsilonoerinineolip.f.eitnnuri
ward works
beginning French Government did, at the moment when our artists
th-eoEf co
le: loni edee
itaiitosnt hAaejN
1)
were occupied
in London, this is not to be wondered at. The delay will
opAur
loctaedl
rlesnrlseypp,
speak
aebutkse thisenrtoasti
ol will;1, oon four
tnhoet
school.stuebnide
e tt o.
subject.--The
Some
enable some artists to send works for which room could not
BofutihliojeFr.reneh
ERAS TN ART.—In a paper read at
the Architectural Exhibition recently, Mr. R. Kerr, archi-
tect, pointed attention to what he regarded as a remarkable
fact throughout the history of the human race, that periods
of 500 years each might be fixed upon as constituting the
stages of art development. There were, for instance, two
periods of 500 years before the Christian era, and we were
now in the fourth period of 500 years since that time. A
thousand years before the Christian era the power of the
Egyptian intellect was dominaut. The Assyrian and the
Persian succeeded ; and as they in their turn declined,
Greek art became ascendant. In the next period—the 600
years preceding the birth of Christ—Greek power decayed,
and that of Rome was on the increase. The latter power
then declined, and was succeeded by the "dark ages,
which lasted until HO years after Christ. Then came tn!
"cuddle period." and after a lapse of another 500
_nta:
there was the "revival." From this it would apr.tlaro;
in about 2,000 years after Christianity, or at 0? coed
of the fourth period of 500 years since the
stag
be
0! =
there would, in all probability, be
race
the i!,,t t_.. zi,
development, of which wo might.s n0w....e
.810.7 'Awl+
power working in various direction . .14

sTIT?

NOTICE of ELECTION of TWO BURGESSES
to serve in PARLIAMENT for the Borough of the
TOWER HAMLETS.

Dated this 25th day of April, 1859.
In pursuance of a writ received by me, Henry Child, for
electing Two Burgessses to serve in parliament for the
Borough of the Tower Hamlets, I do here'oy give notice, that
I shall proceed to Election accordingly on FRIDAY, the 29th
day of April instant, at Twelve o'clock at noon, precisely,
on the Hustings at Stepney-Green, Mile-end-road, in the
Hamlet of Mile End OM Town, within the said Borough,
when and where all persons concerned are to give their at-
Undance.
And TAKE NOTICE, that all persons who are guilty of
Bribery at the said Election, will, on conviction of such
Offence, be liable to the Penalties mentioned in that behalf
111 "The Corrupt Practices Prevention Act, 1854."
And TAKE NOTICE, that all persons who are guilty of
Treating, or undue influence, at the said Election, will, on
conviction of such offence, be liable to the Penalties men-
tioned in that behalf in " The Corrupt Practices Prevention
Act, 1854."

HENRY CHILD, Returning Officer,
2, Parkfield Villas, King Edward's-road, Hackney.
Copies of the Register of the Electors for the said Borough
Rey -be had at the Office of Mr. Henry Child, St. Swithin's
Rectory, Turnwheel-lane, Cannon-street, City, E.C.

TOWER HAMLETS ELECTION.
NOTICE OF POLLING PLACES.
In the event of a Poll being demanded for the Election of
TWO BURGESSES to serve in Parliament for the said
borough, I hereby give Public Notice, that the followin" will
be the situation, division, and allotment of the different
Booths for taking the Poll at such election, and the names of
She several Deputies who will preside at the said Booths :
situation of booths The different parishes, hamlets,
-pr polling places. liberties, and precincts.
IsT DIVISION.
Stepney Green. Hamlet of Mile-end Old Town.
Presiding Officer, Mr. Thomas Baddeley.
2D 'DIVISION.
A booth near to St. St. Leonard, Slioreditch.
John's Church, Mr. Bloomfield Bur-
Presiding Officers,
Hoston. nell, and Mr. Thos. Wrake 'Went':
3n DIVISION.
A Booth-near to the St. John, Hackney.
Old Church, Hack- Presiding Officers.
ney, and the Rail- Mr. Chas. Horton eulley,
way Station: Mr. Thomas Baddeley, jun.
• 4TH DIVISION.
St. Georae, Parish.
St. Paul, Shadwell Parish.
( St. John Wappin,, Parish.
'Presiding Officer.
Mr. Henry John Baddeley.
( 5111 DIVISION.
1 Hamlet of Rateiff.
I All Saints, Poplar, Parish.
St. Ann, Limehouse, Parish.
Bromley St. Leonard, Parish.
[
St. Mary, Stratford, Bow, Parish.
Presiding Officer, Mr. George Wells.
ern DIVISION.
(St. Mary., Whitechapel, Parish.
Holy Trinity, Minories, Parish.
iSt. Peter Avincula, Parish, Tower
Within.
Tower Without, Precinct.
St. Katherine's, Precinct.
St. Botolph, Without, Aldgate, Parish.
Christ Church, Spitaltields, Parish.
Old Artillery Ground, Liberty.
Norton Folgate, Liberty.
Presiding Officer, Mr. John Baddeley.
t7TH DIVISION.
St. Matthew, Bethnal-green.
Mile-end New Town, Hamlet.
Presiding Officer, Mr. Robt. Brutton.
further Give Notice, that such Poll will
URDAY, the 30th day of APRIL, 1859,
HT of the Clock in the Forenoon, and
of the Clock in the afternoon of the same
land this 25th day of April, 1859.
HENRY CHILD, Returning Officer.

an
Infan
ont SchooSchools,
n-street-road. .

Junction of the East
India Deck-road
and the Commer-.
vial-road, near
Luuehouse Church

A Booth in Corn-
mercial-st,White-
chapel,opposite to
St. Jude's Church.

A Booth opposite to
the `• Salmon and

Ball,"

Bethnal-

green
And I do hereby
Commence on SAT'
at the hour of MG
will close at FOUIt
day. Witness my h

Fria OPERA•COLONNADE HOTEL (late
Feuillade's), Charles-street, Haymarket, IS NOW
OPEN.

ROYAL PRINCESS'S THEATRE,
Under the Management of Mr. Charles Kean.
THIS EVENING will be presented Shakspeare's laistorica'
play of KING HENRY V.
King Henry V., Mr. C. Kean ; Chorus, Mrs. C. Kean.

'IIHEATRE-ROYAL, HAYMARKET.
Lessee, Mr. J. B. Buckstone.
THIS EVENING will be performed the new and original
Comedy, entitled THE WORLD AND THE STAGE. The
characters by Messrs. Compton, Buckstone, Howe, W. Far-
ren, Rogers; Miss Amy Sedg-wick, &c.
After which, a new Classical Extravaganza, entitled
ELECTRA IN A NEW ELECTRIC LIGHT. Messrs.
Compton, Braid, Clark, Mrs. Wilkins, Misses Fanny Wright,
Eliza Weekes, and Louisa Leclercq.

And A DAUGHTER TO MARRY.
LCommcnce at 7.

NEW THEATRE - ROYAL, ADELPHI.
Sole Proprietor and Manager, Mr. Benj. Webster.
THIS EVENING, THE SERIOUS FAMILY. Messrs.
B. Webster, Billington, Toole ; Miss Woolgar, Miss Sims.
After which, THE DEVIL ON TWO STICKS. Mr. J.
L. Toole, P. Bedford, Misses Woolgar, Keeley, Arden, and
Kate Kelly.
Followed by THE PRETTY GIRLS OF STILBERG.
Mr. B. Webster, Billington, Eburne, Misses Woolgar, Keeley,
and Arden.

Acting Manager—Mr. Wm. Smith.

Doors open at a quarter-past six—Commence at seven. Box
Office open from 10 to 5 no charge for booking. No fees to
servants permitted. A registry kept of all articles found.

ROYAL STRAND THEATRE,
Lessee and Directress, Miss Swanborough
THIS EVENING will be produced a new Comedietta, by
3. M. Morton, Esq., entitled WHICH OF THE TWO ?
supported by the company.
After which, THE MAID AND THE MAGPIE.
To conclude with VANDYKE BROWN. Mr. J. Clark,
and Miss M. Ternan.