The Sun.
London, England, 1861-11-01 00:00:00

BIRTHS.

There were 171,500 children born in the summer
quarter (ending September the 30th). In the sum-
mer of 1860 the number was 164,062. The annual
birth-rate derived from ten summers is 328 for
10,000 of the population ; in the last quarter it was
338. Comparing the two quarters of 1860-61, and
viewing the numbers absolutely and without refer-
ence to theincrease of population, it appears that
there was an increase of births in all the 11 divi-
sions, except that of Monmouthshire and Wales ;
for as regards this last department of the country,
in which 10,686 births were registered, a difference
amounting to only 16 is hardly important enough
to be called an increase. But this division would
have furnished no exception to the rule of increase,
if the character of its returns in their aggregate
were not unfavourably affected by Merthyr
Tydfil, Bridgend, Swansea, Newcastle-in-
Emlyn, and Crickhowell, in South Wales, in
which parts a decrease has occurred both in mar-
riages and births, chiefly perhaps in consequence of
the migration of persons connected with the indus-
trial operations of those districts.
Liverpool, with a population of 269,733, produced
2,154 births, while Manchester, with a less popula-
tion (243,615), returned 2,277. In London the
births in the quarter were 23,126; in Lancashire
they were 23,055.
INCREASE OF POPULATION.

The natural increase of population is the excess
of births over deaths in a given time. This excess
was 70,514 in the quarter, or an average of 766 in
a day. The natural growth is weakened or
strengthened by migration.
Last quarter 19,892 persons left ports in the
United Kingdom, at 'which there are Government
emigration officers. Of these, 6,348 went to the
United States, 4,930 to the North American colo-
nies, 7,100 to the Australian colonies, 1,514 to other
places. Of the total number of emigrants 8,942
were of English origin, and of these a large pro-
portion chose the Australian colonies. The Scotch
preferred the North American colonies to the United
States.

In the summer quarter of 1851 the total number
of emigrants from the United Kingdom to the
United States was 68,931; in that of last year it
was 21,104; and in the present year the number
for the quarter declined to 6,348. British North
America has received a certain number of those who
would have preferred the United States in a more
peaceful time ; but a great majority have decided
to remain at home.
PRICES, THE WEATHER, AND PAUPERISM.

The average price of Consols in the quarter fell
to The average price of wheat per quarter
was 525. ld., which is less by is. than it was in the
same quarter of last year, but higher by Bs. than
in that of 1859. Both beef and mutton are cheaper
than they were at the same time last year. The
average price of the best potatoes has fallen in the
same periods from 1355. per ton to 975. Cd.
The meteorological character of last summer was

so far different from that of the summer which pre-
ceded it that its mean temperature at Greenwich
was 60.4 deg., having been higher by 4'2 deg. Till
Aug. 3 the temperature of the air was generally
rather below the average ; warm weather set in on
the 4th, and continued 39 days ; from Sept. 12 till
Sept. 27, the weather for the most part was cold.
On Aug. 12 the mean temperature was 72.9 deg.,
nearly 12 deg. in excess of the average, and higher
by 10 deg. than the highest temperature in 1860.
On the same day the thermometer in the shade rose
to 89.5 deg., or 13 deg. higher than the highest
point in 1860, which was 76.5 deg. on the 23d May.
The temperature of the last day of September was
remarkable; the mean was 61.5 deg., and the highest
74 deg. ; and going back as far as 1814, this is the
only instance in which the mean temperature of the
30th September reached 60 deg. Hardly more than
half an inch of rain fell in August ; the total fall in
the three months was 41, in., which is 3+, in. below
the average of 46 summers. In July the weather
was unsettled all over England;
in the other months
it was very fine, with little rain in some parts, but
unsettled with much rain in others. For these and
other interesting facts,
stated in greater detail, Mr.
Glaisher's report, which is subjoined, may be con-
sulted.
The registrar of Poulton-le-Fylde,in Laneashire,
mentions that the crop in his district was nearly an
average, and had been secured in excellent condi-
tion. The registrar of Pudsey (Bradford) attributes
the health of his district to fine weather and whole-
some food "at a moderate price." The registrar of
Northallerton states that the season bas been very
favourable, and the crops well got in; and the report
from Chester-le-street, in Durham, is that the
produce is abundant and gathered "in prime con-
dition." The registrar of Kington, in South
Wales, says :—" Weather unusually warm, and
harvest completed in excellent order ; the crops
At Bettws-y-Coed, in
was very wet in July,
Nligohrtth, but
Wales, of
the od quality."weathe
but the two other months " rather fine;'' but in
West Ward, Westmoreland, "since the middle of
July the weather has been extremely wet and
changeable."
The returns of pauperism: which were heavy in
the early part of the year, continued heavier in
the summer quarter than they were in the same
period of last year.