The Sun.
London, England, 1859-07-06 00:00:00

LATEST NEWS.

The following telegrams have been received at
Mr. Reuter's office ;--

PARIS, JULY G.

The Moniteur contains the follwing :

" COCHIN-CHINA, SAIGON, April 22.—We have
attacked the army of Annam, 10,000 strong. Be-
fore defeating the enemy we took a fort mounting
19 cannon or swivel-guns.

" The loss of the enemy was 500 killed; our loss
.4 killed and 30 wounded-7 of them severely."

TRIESTE, JULY 5.

An Austrian Prize Court has been established
at Zara, the appeal from which is to lie to therourt

at Trieste.

General Clam-Gallas, commander of a corps
'armee, has arrived here from Verona.

MARSEILLES, JULY 5.

Advices have been received from Naples to the
2d inst. Prince 011ojano has been despatched to
the Court of St. James on a reciprocal mission to
that of Mr. Elliot to the Court of the King of the
Two Sicilies.

Advices have also been received from Rome to
the 2d inst. The Giornale di Roma protests against
the reports published of the massacre at Perugia,
and promises a detailed account of what has really
happened there.

BERNE, JULY 5.
The Austrians have withdrawn from Bormio,
abandoning their provision chests and cattle.
The Piedmontese are advancing towards the
Stelvio pass.

A letter from Berlin gives the following analysis
of the circular addressed by the Prussian Govern-
ment on the 19th of June to the German Cabinets
on the subject of the mobilization :—" The despatch
says that by mobilisation Prussia takes a position
in conformity with the exigencies of her present
situation, without abandoning the moderate prin-
ciples which she entertains. The warlike prepara-
tions of Prussia, which are in accord with the
military institutions necessitating the calling out
of the iandwehr for the formation of the army,
give to the voice of Prussia a weight in conformity
with the increasing importance of the situation.
The theatre of the war approaches the southern
frontiers of Germany. The security of Germany
and the dignity of Paris are sufficient reaso s
for causing her to place her warlike pil,-
parations on the same footing as those of her
neighbours. But Prussia has also duties to fulfil
towards her allies, and the initiative taken in Ger-
many augments the obligations arising from them.
Those duties, for example, require her to claim for
the common country its just share of influence.
A European question, so closely bound up with
the European equilibrium, cannot be solved with-
out the adhesion and co-operation of Germany.
The policy of Prussia remains what it was at the
beginning of the Italian crisis, but she has raised
her means of influence to the height of the situa-
tion. The object of Prussia is to put an end to the
war which menaces the repose of Europe, to assure
the influence of Germany, to unite in a common
action her forces and those of her allies, and to pre-
vent dissensions in Germany. ' Prussia is resolved
to pursue her task of pacification, and to establish
peace on equitable and lasting bases.

A letter from Solferino, dated June 27, says:—
Having surmounted many difficulties on the day
after the battle, I arrived here with the object of
inspecting the plain, now famous in the military
annals of Italian independence. The thousands
who fell on the memorable day of Friday last were

not yet all buried, so that I could see with my own
eyes the dreadful and heartrending traces of that
battle of giants. Many gallant fellows, who are
now at rest, can yet be seen both here and at San
Martino, stripped naked, and waiting for their last
receptacle, which the gravediggers are preparing
for them. The number of bodies being so great,
hundreds of peasants of Rivoltella, San Pietro, San
Martino, Solferino, and Cavriana were enlisted to
perform that painful duty. The scene presented
by this mournful field is more affecting than that of
Magenta. Not only was the slaughter far greater,
but the intense heat of the season has, corrupted
the bodies to a dreadful extent, and all the noble
features of men's faces have been hideously decom-
posed by the process of putrefaction. As you may
easily imagine, the stench has polluted the air
Ito such a degree, that the surrounding vil-
lages are in great danger of typhus. Some
cases of that terrible disease have already
been noticed in the hospital of Castiglione delle
Stiviere, and amongst the rural population of Poz-
zolengo and Castel Venzago. The local and mili-
tary authorities have of course taken all necessary
precautions, as for instance, that of spreading great
quantities of lime both over the ground and within
the graves, but they have yet been unsuccessful in
checking the pestilential exhalations. The largest
number of dead bodies said to be seen is at a place
called San Martino, a strong position, where the
Austrians had entrenched themselves during the
night of Thursday. But, before entering on any
details connected with the great fig ht which has
been called by the Emperor the Battle of Solferino,
let me describe, as briefly as possible, the nature and
configuration of the ground on which it has been
fought. From Lonato to Rivoltella the road, often
not more than three or four Italian miles from the
shore of the Lake of Garda, proceeds in several
places through narrow defiles dug by nature through
the chalky earth. Along the hilly part of the coun-
try, which, inclining towards the right, leads to
Castiglione delle Stiviere, Pozzolengo, Solferino,
San Cassiano, Cavriana, and Volta, may be seen a
number of hamlets, farms, villages, and villas,
sometimes high above the road, sometimes on its
level or sunk deep in the valleys. Almost all of these
villas are in the old Italian style, and are generally
entered by the lofty arched gate so common in
Italian country places of the sixteenth century. The
gardens of these houses are generally gay with
bowers, trellised walks, and the brightest profusion
of trees, flowers, and shrubs. The traveller from
Verona or from Riva will have seen the first speci-
mens of these gardens and villas on the Riviera di
Garda. Imagine almost all the buildings from
Valleggio to San Martino turned by the Austrians
into a series of small fortresses. The hamlets had
been fortified, and the gates of the villas barricaded
as well as the streets of the villages. In point of
fact, it was a vast entrenched camp, which the
hilly nature of the soil rendered still stronger and
more formidable. At the beginning of the past
week, while the Austrians were supposed to be in
full retreat towards the Mincio, they had erected
between Valleggio and Goito twelve large wooden
bridges, upon which their strong battalions were
ordered to cross the river. A part of their army,
which from the command of Count Gyulai had
passed to the more able control of Gen. Schlick,
as adlatus of Francis Joseph, had been placed in
the fortified positions I have mentioned above, with
.the double object of covering the crossing of the
Mincio, and there making a stand if attacked by
the allies. The vigorous military operations of
General Schlick, who no doubt had been advised by
Baron (less, were so successfully carried into effect
that the Emperor and the King had the scent of
them scarcely two or three hours before the action
began. You will not have forgotten how, on
Thursday evening, twelve hours before the deadly
struggle had been commenced, I wrote to you
from Lonato, where the headquarters of Victor
Emmanuel had been established ; you will likewise
remember that nothing of what I was then writing
referred to the possibility of an imminent engage-
raentiThe fact is, that the secresy with which the
Austrian movement had been accomplished had
dissipated all alarm, and we expected to have
nothing to do with the Austrians till we had
arrived on the Mincio. This feeling of security
on our part was so great that when, at 3 o'clock on
Friday morning, scouts appeared at the Piedmontese

headquarters stating that the enemy intended to
attack our left wing, General La Rocca, the chief
of Victor Emmanuel's staff, would not believe
them, and treated the report as a pure invention.
Happily enough, he had already decided on mov-
ing at dawn, and had taken all precautions required
by the gravity of the circumstances. When his
Majesty left Lonato our columns were already
marching from Rivoltella towards San Martino,
proceeding through those defiles -which skirt
the hills facing the vast plain of Medole
and Castiglione delle Stiviere. Our fifth division,
which had been warned to be on its guard, was the
' first to meet the enemy's right wing, which, screened
by the slopes of the hills, was marching in our direc-
tion. The action was thus carried on on our extreme

left, which at that time was perhaps too feeble to
support the shock of an overpowering force. It was
received by a deadly fire of artillery, coming from
four batteries on the right, which were pouring a
shower of grape and canister. This division was
compelled to stop, but inless than an hour, dividing
itself into two columns, rushed to the assault, and
succeeded in turning the flank of the enemy's posi-
tion, so that the way was cleared, and its onward
march continued. Meanwhile, General Cucchiari
had arrived at San Martino, a small hamlet stand-
ing on a steep hill and commanding the narrow
defile from which Cucchiari's division was proceed-
ing: That position was defended by two Austrian
divisions belonging to General Benedek's corps
d'armee, and it was bravely defended too. In
order that you may appreciate the courage of both
parties, and the obstinacy of that deadly struggle,
you ought to know that the first attack on San
Martino had begun at seven o'clock in the morning,
and that the position was not conquered and main-
tained until eight o'clock in the evening. During the
course of those 13 hours San Martino had fallen
six times into the hands of Cucchiari's division, and
six times it had been retaken by the Austrians, till
the last assult, assomplished at 8 o'clock, was deci-
sive in our favour. This is only one of the bloody
episodes cf that memorable day. The deadly con-
test was equally fierce at Solferino, Cavriana, Pozzo-
lengo, Castellaro, Laguzzello, Monte Oliveto, and
down in the plain as far as Medole. All these posi-
tions were defended by the Austrians with an obsti-
nate and unflinching courage ; all were carried by
French and Piedmontese with a heroism which can
only be compared to that which distinguished the
days of Borodino and Saragossa. The Piedmontese
columns of attack were led by generals and colonels;
those of the French by marshals. The two allied
monarchs were always in the thick of the fight.
General La Marmora, one of the ablest military
leaders of our time, was the first to enter Pozzo-
lengo, whilst Fanti, Durando, and Cucchiari, indeed
each of the Piedmontese generals,had two or three
orderly officers either killed or wounded by his side.
The Piedmontese artillery did wonders ; the Ber-
saglieri and the two regiments of the Guard emu-
lated the valour of the famous Zouaves in storming
the numerous positions of the enemy. On the French
side General, now Marshal Niel, was the hero of the
day, for‘though attacked by superior forces in the
vicinity t f Medole, he was so successful in resisting
the enemy's left wing, that he compelled it to bend
upon its centre three hours after he had been
attacked in the plain by the Austrians. By his
wonderful success, Niel succeeded in frustrating
the able plan of Gen. Schlick, which was that of
severinc, the two allied armies and beating them
separately. Instead of outflanking Niel's corps
d'armee the Austrians were compelled to throw
themselves on their centre towards the chain of those
already famous hills, from which, if not routed, they
were obliged to retire before the day was over. The
deadly struggle, which was only suspended for an
hour by the interruption of a tremendous hurricane,
had begun at 5 c'clock in the morning, and was not
over till dusk. Thirty of the enemy's guns, three
flags, and 6,000 prisoners had by that time fallen
into our hands. More than half of the guns were
captured by the Piedmontese. As for the losses
which the two opposing armies have sustained, I
think they are not far short of 30,000 men placed
hors de combat—an enormous loss when we consider
that 300,000 men were actually engaged on both
sides during the battle. The official returns of the
Piedmontese army are now before me, and you may
judge by these the dreadful slaughter on that me-
morable day. The first division had 6 officers arid
97 rank and file killed ; 25 of the first and 600 of the
second wounded. The third division, 13 officers and
181 rank and file killed; 50 officers and 1,028 soldiers
wounded. In the fifth division, which suffered the
most, 19 officers were killed, and 62 wounded ; 279
rank and file killed, and 1,264 wounded. Another
division had as many officers killed and woun decl, and
more than 1,300 soldiers hors de combat. The bat-
talions of Bersaglieri have lost nearly all their
officers, and had 500 soldiers hors de combat. Col.
Beretta, of the 7th Regiment of the line, was killed;
and two other colonels—one of artillery, Count
Balegno—also lost their lives. General Arnoldo
and two other generals were wounded; three had
their horses killed under them. Four of the enemy's
generals were also killed, together with half a score
of the colonels and majors, We may therefore
conclude that the battle of Solferino was one of
the greatest which has been fought in our century.
The Emperior of Austria was at Pozzolerigo when
the fight began, but after an hour he started for
Cavriana, from which place he retired when
the battle was over. The enemy began to retreat
at six o'clock, and succeeded in recrossing the
Mincio in perfeA order. The last column of
the Austrian army had scarcely passed the
river at Goito when the stone bridge of that
village was blown up, and the last means
of communication with the left bank of the river
destroyed. The hard fighting of Friday last has
so much fatigued our soldiers that the army wants
some days' rest before it will be able to re-assume
its offensive operations. I think Peschiera will
soon. be attacked. Prince Napoleon's corps d'armee
is already on the right bank of the Po. Both the
Emperor Napoleon and the King are anxious to
precipitate the conclusion of the war in order to
take in hand the Roman question, which, after the
infamous priestly slaughter at Perugia, is become
fraught with danger. I think the atrocities per-
petrated by order of the Pope in that town have
been the cause of Count Cavour's presence in the
allied camp. Yesterday his Excellency had a long
interview with the Emperor and the King, and left
last night for Turin in company of one of the
youngest and ablest of the Piedmontese diploma-
tists,Cavaliere Nigra, who, since 1857, has acted as
his secretary.

FRANCE.
Private letters from the headquarters of Prince
Napoleon state that another great battle on the
banks of the Adige is expected; and that the Aus-
trians were believed to have about 200,000 men in
line. A captain of a regiment of infantry, engaged
at Solferino, has written to his family in Paris,
that such was the ardour of the French troops
that in the afternoon, when the order was given
to charge one of the last positions held by the Aus-
trians, the colonel told his men to leave their knap-
sacks on the ground, and that such as were too
exhausted to advance might remain to guard them.
Not a man, however, would avail himself of the
permission, and the Colonel was forced to tell off a
certain number of men, and to insist upon their
remaining behind, very much to their disappoint-
ment.
The 73d Regiment of the Line, commanded by
Colonel O'Malley, of Vinoy's diviiinn, lost 15 offi-
cers and 150 men killed. The Colonel himself was
slightly hurt in the leg.
Volunteers are at present engaged in Paris for
organising fresh battalions of Zouaves, and such is
the desire of the soldiers here to be employed in
active service that a considerable number of non-
commissioned officers have applied to be permited
to form part ofthat body even as privates.
Official reports from the seat of war are most satis-
factory, The Sardinian army will have the honour
of taking Peschier, aided of course by the French
gun-boat artillery, which has been tried, although
up to this day serious operations had not commenced.
The Emperor Napoleon will direct operations against
Verona. Marshal Canrobert is at Goito with his
men, whilst 111‘,11ahon commands at Valeggio.
Marshal Baraguay d'Hilliers is co-operating with
the Piedmontese.
Operations in the Adriatic have commenced. This
day (Tuesday) a considerable force was landed some
distance from the city of Venice.
The Emperor of Austria has not left the seat of
war. He is employed in concentrating all the forces
of the empire; and according to despatches which
reached Paris to-day he will fight to the last for his
Italian dominions.
The Empress Regent having been informed by
M. de Monique, Prefect of the Gironde, of the vote
of the municipality of Bordeaux in favour of the
Army of Italy, caused the following letter to be
addressed by the Minister of the Interior to that
functionary :
" Monsieur le Prefet,—The Empress has deigned to hand
to me the letter which you sent on the subject of the vote
of 20,000 f. by the Municipal Council of Bordeaux for the
wounded of the Army of Italy. Her Majesty has been
much gratified by the patriotic sentiments which animated
the Municipal Council on this occasion. Have the kindness
to be the interpreter of her thanks, and to make known
that the Government has laid it down as an absolute rule