The Sun.
London, England, 1861-10-30 00:00:00

S, UREAT MARLBOROUGH-STREET, W., NEAR
THE PANTHEON.

CULVERWELL, Member of the Royal
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tive parties, being next in demand. The pace at which the
race was run must have been severe, the tailing having
commenced before the leading horses approached the place
where the Duke's Stand was. The remaining events which
came off possessed no great amount of interest, if wo except,
perhaps, the £5O Plate, formerly called •' The Feather," in
which a 2-yr-old that can stay has frequently been found
a useful horse in after years. Tho winner on the present
occasion was backed heavily and beaten on Monday, but
proved on his next appearance that the former race was not
long enough to test his staying qualities. Towards the end
of the racing the weather brightened a little, and the crowd
of card players, who were more numerous than on the cor-
responding day of last year, left the racecourse well satisfied
with their day's amusement, and happy with the reflection
that their future King had been among them.
Fifty Pounds, fur 2-yr •olda. Weights for ago. Who winner
to be sold for 300 guineas, &c. Last three miles of B.C.
Mr. Osborne's Steelpen colt, 2 yrs (Whiteley) 1
Mr. Fleming's Fannie colt, 2 yrs (Thomas) 2
Mr. A. Gray's Venerator, 2 yrs

The folowing also ran :—Doctrine's dam colt, Captain
Crow, Kilsby, Blacklock, Anxiety filly, Reporter, Pixie,
Caledon, Charlton, Constantine, Knight of St. Michael, St.
Lawrence, King Log, Principal, Pan, and Plush filly.
Betting—G to 1 agst Caledon, Bto 1 each agst Steelpen
colt, St. Lawrence, and the Plush filly, 10 to 1 agst Princi-
pal, 12 to 1 agst Pixie, and 100 to 8 agst Charlton.
The flag was lowered at the first attempt ; Captain Crow,
in company with Caledon, Charlton, and King Log, made
the running at a good pace ; the others, headed by Steelpen
colt, lying close up to the old Duke's Stand, where Mr.
Osborne's colt came out, and shortly after took a clear lead,
followed by the Fannie colt and Venerator, between which
three a good race home ensued, the Steelpen colt winning
at last by half a dozen lengths. Venerator was a bad third,
Plush filly fourth, Charlton fifth, St. Lawrence sixth, and
Principal next, the others beaten off. Knight of St. Michael,
who broke down, was last a long way.

Sweepstakes of 10 sova each. Weights for ago. The winner
to be sold for 200 sous, if demanded, &c. Criterion
Course. 5 subs,

Baron Rothschild:s &Estes, 4 yrs, Bst 31b (G. Fordham) 1
Mr. G. Lambert's Rover, 6 yrs, Bst 81b .... (J. Goater) 2
Mr. J. Osborne's Maid of the Mist, 5 yrs, Bst 81b
(J. Osborne) 3
Mr. Swindell's Somersault, 3 yrs, 7st 71b.... (J. Adams) 4
Betting—Even on Restes, and 3 to 1 agst Rover.

Rover jumped away in advance, and made 'the running
at his best pace, followed by Restes, Maid of the Mist, and
Somersault in the order we have given them, to the site of
the old Duke's Stand, where Restes came out and won in a
canter by four lengths, the others beaten off.

Ihe Cambridgeshire Stakes of 25 sovs each, 10 ft, and only
5 if declared, &a.; with 100 sovs added ; the owner of the
second horse to receive 50 sovs out of the stakes. Cam-

bridgeshira course. 207 subs., 79 of whom pay 5 sous

each.
Count P. de Lagrange's Palestro; 3 yrs, 7st 21b (Watkins) 1
Count F. do Lagrange's Gabrielle d'Estrees, 3 yrs, Est
61b (carried 6st 71b) (H. Grimshaw) 2
Sir J. Hawley's Asteroid, 3 yrs, 7st 71b .. (A, Edwards) 3
Duke of Beaufort's The Roe, 3 yrs, 6st 91b .... (Roper) 4
Mr. A. Nichol's The Wizard, 4 yrs, Oat 111 b (J. Osborne) 0
Mr. Drummond's Oxford, 4 yrs, Bst 91b • . (L. Snowden) 0
Mr. E. Hall's Wildman, 4 yrs, Bst 81b (J. Goater) 0
Mr. Sutton's Man-at-Arms, 4 yrs, Bst 71b (S. Rogers) 0
Mr. Parker's Gridiron, 4 yrs, Bst 21b (J, Adams) 0
Lard Glasgow's Tom Bowline, 4 yrs, 7st 121 b.. (Bullock) 0
Mr. G. Lambert's Rocket, 6 yrs, 7st 91b.. (G. Fordham) 0
Mr. Fleming's Nemesis, 3 yrs, 7st 81b (J. Mann) 0
Capt. Lane's Gibraltar, 4 yrs, 7st 81b.. (W. Woodhouse) 0
Mr. F. Swindell's Sawcuttcr, 3 yrs, 7st 71b (in. 31b ex.)
(Challoner) 0
Mrs. Osbaldeston's Camerino, 3 yrs, 7st 51b (J. Watts) 0
Mr. Lincoln's Petra (h b), 5 yrs, 7st 41b .... (H. Taylor) 0
Mr. Mundy's Confectioner, 4 yrs 7st 31b (Clement) 0
Capt. Coates's Libellous, 4 yrs, 7st 31b (inclu 31b extra)
(T. French) 0
Colonel Towneloy's Doefoot, 3 yrs, 7st 31b (in. 31b extra)
(J. Snowden) 0
Lord Chesterfield's Baron Munchausen, 4 yrs, 7st 211?

(W. Bottom) 0
Mr. H. O'Hara's Ivanhoff, 3 yrs, 7st 21b (Doyle) 0
Mr. W. S. Cartwright's Ripon, 4 yrs, 7st 21b (11. Covey) 0
Mr. Bevill's Honham Lass, 3 yrs, Est 131 b (car. 7st lib)
(Cresswell) 0
Mr. J. Ward's The Rap, 4 yrs, Gst 121 b (A. Woodhouse) 0
Mr. Bowes's Donner and Blitz, 4 yrs, Est 101 b (Madden) 0
Lord Strathmore's Sporting Life, 3 yrs, Est 101 b
(J Covey) 0
Lord Ailesbury's Frailty, 3 yrs, Est 91b (Drew) 0
Baron Rothschild's Queen of the Vale, 3 yrs, Gst Sib
(J. Daley) 0
Lord Glasgow's Clarissa colt, 3 yrs, Gst 71b (Buck) 0
Count Batthyany's Prince Plausible, 3 yrs, Gst 71b
(11. Bradley) 0
Lord W. Powlett's Paste, 3 yrs, Gst 51b (Martin) 0
Mr. Hodgman's Mutineer, 5 yrs, Est 21b (Reeves) 0
Mr. Williamson's Limeflower, 3 yrs, Gst 21b (Midgeley) 0
Mr. W. Webb's Jessie Brown, 3 yrs, sst 71b.. (C. Page) 0
Mr. It. Sutton's Snapdragon, 3 yrs, sst 71b .. (Thomas) 0
Betting-9 to 2 agst Henham Lass, Bto 1 agst Lime-
flower, 9 to I agst The Roe, 100 to 8 each agst Asteroid and
Confectioner, 100 to 6 agst Palestro, 25 to 1 agst Baron
Munchausen, 33 to 1 agst Camerino, 40 to 1 each agstWizard
and Gridiron, 60 to 1 each agst Gabrielle d'Estrees, Nemesis,
and Rocket.

The preliminary business of weighing having been gone
through punctually to the time sot down, the names of the
35 competitors were speedily exhibited on the telegraph,
when a general move took place towards the turn of the
lands to witness the saddling, which was soon performed,
and after a short canter the horses and riders were taken in
charge by Mr. 111‘George, but in consequence of the over-
eagerness of many of the light-weights to get away the start
was delayed upwards of half an hour : but at last, having
got them together en equal terms, the flag was lowered at
115 p.m. The first to show in advance was Frailty, fol-
lowed by Queen of the Vale, Tom Bowline, Nemesis, Gib-
raltar, Baron Munchausen, Asteroid, and The Roe ; the
next division was headed by Palestro, on the rails on the
upper side, Gabrielle d'Estrees, the Henham Lass, and
Limeflower, Paste being last of all. On nearing the old red
post Asteroid, followed by The Roe and the two French
representatives, drew towards the leaders ; Henham Lass
at the same time, having had enough of it, dropped away
beaten, followed in a few strides after by Limeflower. At
the site of the Old Duke's Stand Queen of the Vale, Neme-
sis, and Gibraltar were disposed of, leaving Baron Mun-
chauson with the lead, The Roe going on second, next the
rails on the upper side, Asteroid third, Palestro and Gab-
rielle d'Estrees fourth and fifth, laying extremely wide,
with the Clarissa colt in close attendance, and to which lot
the race was evidently confined. Half-way up the hill
Lord Chesterfield's colours were seen gradually to fade
from the front, and the two foreigners moving
forward at the same " time joined Asteroid and
The Roe, the quartet running almost in a lino to within
a few &rides of the brow, when Grimshaw brought out
Gabrielle d'Estrees and came on with a clear lead on the
lower side, followed immediately after by her stable com-
panion on the upper ground. From this point the issue was
never in doubt. Palestro, very patiently ridden by Watkins
waited upon the mare, who tired to nothing at the finish, to
within a stride or two of the chair, and won cleverly by half
a length ; Asteroid finished an indifferent third, and The
Roe was placed by the judge; Clarissa colt was fifth, Baron
Munchausen sixth ; the others, headed by Nemesis, Gib-
raltar, Queen of the Vale, Mart-at-Arms, and Wildman,
were widely spread, and pulled up as they passed the post.
Optional Selling Stakes of 5 soya each, with 25 added, for
2-yr-olds ; colts, Bst 121 b ; fillies, Bst 81b ; with optional
selling weights. Last half of Ab. M. 15 subs.
Mr. T. Wadlow"s Gazelle, £6O, 7st llb (Daley) 1
Mr. Grevillo's Tarragona, £6O, 7st llb (Drew) 2
Mr. C. Rayner's Tubal ain, £6O, 7st 51b (Crosswell) 3
The following also ran :—Barricade, Bravo, Middleton
Maid, Warble, Seahorse, Mills Coutts, Polypody, Broad
Arrow, Cutler, Liberality, Darlington.
Betting-3 to 1 agst Gazelle, sto 1 agst Seahorse, 6to 1
agst Bravo, 7 to 1 agst Middleton Maid, and 10 to 1 agst
Liberality.

At the third attempt all got off in a line, and Gazelle wont
at once to the front, those next her being Tubal Cain, Tar-
ragona, Darlington, Polypody, and Barricade. On nearing
the cords Darlington and Polypody gave way to Liberality
and Warble, but these two failed to reachtheleading horses.
The favourite went on with her lead, and won very easily
by two lengths, Tubal Cain losing second place by a neck.
Barricade was fourth, Liberality fifth, and Warble sixth.
Match, Bst 71b each ; last half of Ab. M. 100, h ft.
Lord Wilton's West End..
Lord Glasgow's The Drake
toc an2t
eornbWy
ae slfe
nEgntdh,
awuhaoamhaaidfo. all the r tinning
ands
Sweepstakes
Betting-sewposntaiknesa of 10 sous each, for 3-yr-olds, 7st 101 b ; 4-
yr-olds, Bst 41b; 5-yr-olds and upwards, Bst 81b. The
winner to be sold for 80 sous if demanded, &c. Last half
of Ab.M, 5 subs.
Mr. French's Leontes, Bst 81b (Edwards) 1
Mr. Day's Clematis, 7st 101 b (Adams) 2
Capta,lu Lanes Boaliud, 84t 41p, It t t (Vordliaw) 3

sous if demanded, &c. R.M. 7 subs.
Mr. Gilby's Flash-in-the-Pan, 5 yrs, Bst 51b(G. Fordham) 1
Mr. J. Osborne's Pardalote, 3 yrs, Gst 71h (Challoner) 2
Mr. Whittaker's David Ann, 3 yrs, Gst 81b.. (Wheatley) 3
Mr. R. Ten Broeck's Evenhand, 3 yrs, 6st 10113 (Bench) 4
Betting-6 to 4 agst David Ann, 2to 1 agst Flash-in-
the-Pan, 5 to 2 agst Pardalote.

Pardalote made play, closely attended by Flash-in-the-
Pan, the favourite, and Evenhand to the dip, when Flash-
in-the-Pan came out, and won a fine race on the post by a
head ; David Ann finished a bad third ; Evenhand last.

The winner was claimed by Mr. Ten Broeck.
The All-Aged Stakes of 100 soya each, h ft, 15 soya ft if
declared in the Craven, and 25 sovs ft if declared in the
July meeting ; these fts to be divided between the first
and second horses. Weights for age, winners extra. Bret-

by's Stakes Course. 9 subs, two of'whontPay2ssovsit.
Mr. W. S. Cartwright's Fairwater, 3 yrs, 9st (H. Grimshaw) 1
Mr. Merry's Costa, 2 yrs, 7st 51b (H. Covey) 2
Mr. S. Jacob's Amsterdam, 6 yrs, 9st 51b (G. Fordham) 3
Sir H.Des Vcettx's Adine filly, 2 yrs, 7st..(W. Bottom) 4
Betting-6 to 4 agat Amsterdam, and 2to 1 each agst
Costa and Fairwater.

The Adine filly made play at a bad pace for the first
quarter of a mile, when she was headed by Fairwater, who
took a clear lead followed by Costa in the centre, and Am-
sterdam on the lower side. On reaching the dip Fairwater
drew away and won in a canter by three-parts of a length,
a bad third, the Adine filly beaten off.

Fifty Pound Plate, for 3-yr-olds, 7st 81b ; 4.yr -olds, Bst 71b;
five, six, and aged, Bst 1.01 b; maidens allowed 71b. R.M.
Mr. G. Bryan's Waterwitch, 3 yrs, 7st 81b.... (J. Daley) 1
Mr. Alexander's
yWiriglinuoi'tsh,e3 yrs,Wisp, 3 yrs, 7st 81b (W. Cotton) 2
Lord 7st 81b ....(Challoner) 3
Mr. W. S. Crawfurd's Cross-stitch (maiden), 3 yrs, 7st llb
(W. Bottom) 4
Mr. Godding's Miss Eva colt, 3 yrs, 7st 81b .... (Perry) 5
Captain Coates's Ariadne, 5 yrs, Bst 101 b (Aldcroft) 6
Lord Uxbridge's General Hess, 4 yrs, Bst 71b (S. Rogers) 7
Baron Niviere's Finland°, 3 yrs, 7st lib (li. Grimshaw) 0

Betting—Even on Waterwitch, and 3 to 1 agst Virgilhis.
Will o' the Wisp cut out the work, followed by the fa-
vourite, Virgilius, and Miss Eva, with the others lying close
up. On entering the dip Waterwitch went up to Mr.
Alexander's colt, ran with him to halfway up the hill, and
won easily by half a length; Virgilius was a bad third; the
others as placed by the judge. Finlande crossed his legs
descending the Bushes-hill and fell, throwing Grimshaw a
" purler," but without injuring him.
Sweepstakes of 200 sovs each, h ft, for colts, Sat 71b each;

Ab. M. (4 subs.)
Lord Stamford'sAthleta (A. Edward) w.o.

THE COTTON TRADE.

The population returns of 1851 show that nearly
a million of men, women, and children in this land
are directly dependent upon the cotton manufac-
tures. When the returns of 1861 have been equally
well sifted, we shall probably find that this number
has been very greatly increased during the interven-
ing ten years ; and if we add some estimate of the
proportion of our population indirectly dependent
upon the profits of these manufactures, we shall
obtain some insight into the reasons of that intense
interest with which public men of all parties and
commercial men of every grade arc now watching
the statistical tables of imports and exports which
are monthly issued from the Board of Trade. The
last of these now lies before us, and its first aspect is
somewhat startling. Eight millions sterling, or, to
speak precisely, £7,929,014, make up a mass of
money not to be overlooked even among the tre-
mendous gold heaps that are accumulated and swept
away in the transactions of British commerce. Eight
millions are the deficit in our imports during the
last nine months. But, as the computation goes on,
the figures become even yet more formidable. Eight
millions upon the nine months return of X 101,724,346
show only a decrease of 7.1 per cent. But when we
compare September with September we find that
the falling off in the last month had increased from
7i to nearly 18 per cent. as compared with the.
September of 1860. We are, therefore, continuing
to increase our distance from the favourable re-
turns of former years. In September, for the
first time, great adverse figures appear as
unwelcome novelties in our returns. In one month
there is a decrease of a million and a half in our
exports of cottons; our woollens have fallen off to
the extent of a quarter of a million ; linens :have
declined to an equal extent; and metals have sunk
rather more than a quarter of a million below the
amount of the exportations of the September of
1860. A succession of years continually showing
great increase of prosperity is thus suddenly broken.
Instead of going on increasing our manufactures in
a ratio which made timid men tremble, and finding
markets for them at prices
which made even san-
guine men rub their hands with joy, we find the
flood tide of prosperity first slacken, then stand
still, and now ebb. Already we can mark in mil-
lions the distance between the high-water mark and
the level of the fallen tide.
There is no uncertainty as to the cause of this
disturbance of our onward course of increase in
profitableindustry. The articles in which the
decrease has occurred tell the whole tale. It is in
cotton and in cotton yarn, in woollens and in
silks, in hardware and in metals, that we have gone
backwards. In other matters, such as machinery,
we have not only maintained, but even exceee.ed,
the high standard of the September of last year ;
and in the miscellaneous articles we have advanced
more than half a million beyond the returns of
September, 1660. The decrease, therefore, is
directly referable to one cause—the uncomfortable
condition of the nation which has been our best
customer in ordinary times. Our immediate
neighbours deal with us as ever. We sell more
candles, and cheese, and leather, and sugar, and
telegraph wires ; and the great bulk of our cotton
trade works on upon a scale which, though a decrease
from that of last year, is still a tremendous advance
upon the transactions of a few years previous. We
are suffering, as all must suffer who have business
transactions with unfortunate or improvident
people. When, however, we compare our public
returns with those of the Atlantic ports, the con-
trast is stupendous. The consequences of war have
been to the ports of America almost the annihila-
tion of commerce ; to us they have been a startling
check to a continually progressive increase which
we had almost come to consider as a natural law.
Two years ago we wore stunned with stories of the
enormous wealth which the engines of Manchester
were hourly creating. Then we saw the efforts
which were made to meet the eager requirements of
the world—hose new factories were arising in every
valley in the neighbourhood of tho great Cotton
Metropolis, and how every existing factory was
doubled in power of production. It was a great
spring upwards after a long experience of merely
ordinary prosperity—a flood tide coming in, like
the great wave of the Severn. China had begun
to absorb in her newly opened provinces a small
taste of the barbarian products; India was subsid-
ing into peace and the consumption of printed cali-
coes ; America was buying lavishly from Sheffield,
Manchester, and Leeds. Few of us ever realized
to ourselves the certainty that this could not last.
Old business men often said, but hardly believed,
that something in some part of the world must go
wrong according to all the doctrine of probabili-
ties. It has happened that disturbance has first
occurred inAmerica,where least of all it was dreaded.
This part of our custom has suddenly stopped. The
North have become too poor to buy, and the South
have been physically prevented from either buying
or selling. The people are occupied with a great
fight, and they have no money to spend upon any
North
h e r
epr rne s
se
tnat t e
as
havengl o
sobbuj
te cat ot fb e
isrl ao uwgnh ter.
coast
bTyh
ae
other. purposes than those which will conduce to
p
prohibitive tariff, and, they hay° shut up the

Southern coast by a blockade which, so long as it
is effective, we are bound to respect.
This must, if there be any virtue in figures, make
a difference to us of some 20 or 30 millions in im-
ports of cotton, to be paid for by exports of manu-
factures. It ought, according to all common reason-
ing from cause to effect, to shut up our cotton fac-
tories for want of raw material, and close our hard-
ware factories for lack of orders. We have already
met the first brunt of this sudden defection of our
great customer and the abrupt stoppage of our source
of raw produce. We can now measure it by the
figures given in the official returns, and we can see
it in the increased quotations of the prices of the
cotton stocks on hand. The first sensation upon exa-
mining these figures is one almost of relief. Of course
wo feel this enormous loss. Of course Lancashire is
straitened, and the streams of her valleys are no
longer bringing down golden sands. But our agree-
able surprise is that we are only straitened, and not
actually crushed. Up to this time the troubles in
America have only just checked our increase. We
are even now manufacturing and exporting within
31 per cent. of what we manufactured and exported
in September, 1859, and how far ahead that was
of what we manufactured and exported in years a
short time previous we may trust to the recollec-
tion of the reader. Last year we were building
mills and refusing orders; this year we can do
our work in the mills already built, and we can
execute all the orders that are offered to us at
the higher prices we are obliged to demand.
No doubt things may yet be worse. It may
happen that our stocks of cotton may be all ex-
pended before we have been able to reinforce them.
It may happen that the expectations of the corre-
spondent whose letter we publish to-day may be
disappointed, and that the speculators who appear
to him to be rushing to ruin may be on their way
to fortune. It may be—although we think it most
improbable—that cotton will continue to accumu-
late in America and will lie there idle, never forcing
itself into the only market where it can have a
value. This seems to be, according to all experi-
ence of human action, as impossible as that a river
should of its own accord, or in the face of a light
obstacle, stand still and accumulate to a lake. But,
even if this great improbality should come to pass,
we can already see promise of compensation for most
of the loss that America can cause us. As the clouds
thickens in the West daylight dawns in the East.
That we can open markets in the East whenever the
markets of the 'West may fail we have already shown;
but it now seems equally clear that we can find also
in the East a substitute for the productions for which
we have been accustomed to look almost exclusively
to the West. India, which, properly stimulated, can
produce all things, is bestirring herself to supply
our necessities in the article of cotton. What has
been long certain in theory is now about to be
shown in practice—that with American seed and
European supervision we may obtain any quantity
of cotton from India that Manchester will pay for.
The elasticity of our resources appears especially in
this juncture. We are alarmed by a reduction of
eight millions in our exports, and when we examine
the phenomenon closely we find that it is little more
than the subsidence of the extraordinary demands
of last year to the ordinary capacity of production
as tested in the year preceding. We are threatened
by the cessation of those supplies of raw cotton by
which we have been accustomed to sustain our
manufactures, and we hope to develope in a few
months, and in our own possessions, a power of
production which will make us independent of
all foreign Powers. If this be not enough, the
recent advices from India offer another promise of
indemnity for much that we may lose in America,
India, as she gradually grows prosperous, is be-
coming luxurious. People who work, and who
work profitably, soon learn to icrease their necessi-
ties and to desire luxuries. India is becoming
active, laborious, and prosperous. She is beginning
to call for European products, and the English
merchant is carrying to India his manufactured
cotton goods in payment for the raw cotton which
India is just learning to produce. America is a
great element, but not 9, necessity to our commercial
wellbeing. We should like to see her at peace, and
to see our trading relations restored ; but it is too
much to suppose that sheiholds in her hands any
enduring power over the prosperity of England.
We can well afiord to wait and see this contest
brought to a close; nor will any trading necessities
drive us to break her blockades, or to side with
either party in the conflict.—Times.

IMPROVED OFFICIAL CLASSIT

CATION OF BRITISH E.A.POR2'S.

At as meeting of the Council of the Bradford
Chamber of Commerce, held on Monday evening,
Mr. H. W. Ripley, President, in the chair, the
Secretary read the following letter from the Board
of Trade :

"Office of Committee of Privy Council for Trade,
Whitehall, Oct. 15, 1861.

" Sir,—l am directed by the Lords of the Committee of
Privy Council for Trade to inform you that the question of
revising the official list of articles of British produce and
manufactures, as registered for exportation, has been
brought before my Lords by the chief of the Statistical De-
partment of the Board of Trade, and the Inspector-General
of Imports and Exports. These gentlemen have represented
to my Lords that the present list is faulty in classifications,
and, while including many specifications having now no
commercial importance, it does not provide for the registra-
tion of other descriptions of articles the export of which has
become considerable since the list was first established, and
it appears probable that designations are also used which
are no longer recognised by merchants and manufacturers
in their business transactions.

" My lords are disposed to concur in the opinion of Mr.
Fonblanque and Mr. Messenger, that the practical value of
the trade returns of the United Kingdom may be greatly
increased by the official list of exports being made up to dis-
tinguish more accurately the various kinds of British pro-
duce and manufactures.

" The occasion of the modifications in our tariff last year
afforded an opportunity for the preparation of an improved
enumeration of the articles imported into the United King-
dom, which will be applied to the annual accounts for the
present year. It would be highly undesirable to continue
the use of an old list of exports after the introduction of a
revised list of imposts.
" Mr. Fonblanque and Mr. Messenger have indicated to
my lords the nature of the alterations which appear to be
required in the list of articles of export, but they have ex-
pressed a desire that the principal Chambers of Commerce
may be consulted upon the changes that should be made in
the specification of articles which belong to the leading
branches of our export trade.
" It cannot be doubted that the co-operation of gentlemen
representing the chief industries of the country would be
most useful in determining what details of those industries
it is desirable to record for statistical purposes in the offi-
cial registers of exportation.
" I am accordingly to request that you will be so good
as to bring this communication before the Council of the
Chamber of Commerce at Bradford, with the request that
they will favour my lords with suggestions for an official
registration of the exports of British woollen manufactures
adapted to the present condition of trade and the require-
ments of the mercantile community.
" You will, perhaps, be kind enough to remind the
Chamber of Commerce at Bradford that, in order to avoid
disturbing the comparison of past and future exports, and
to iasure the ready supply of information by shippers upo
entering goods at the Custom-houses, it is highly expedient
that alterations in the lists of exports should not be carried
further than is necessary to remove inaccurate descriptions
or to give additional particulars, rendered requisite by the
development or altered condition of trade.
" Any considerable addition to the official records of ex-
ports would entail increased expense upon the public, and
would tend to delay the production of the periodical returns
issued by the Board of Trade.
" I beg to inclose a copy of the present list of articles
enumerated under the head of woollen manufactures, and,
as my lords would be glad that the amended list should be
brought into operation from the commencement of the
coming year, I am to request that you will invite the
Chamber of Commerce at 'Bradford to enter upon the con-
sideration of this subject at their earliest convenience.—l
am, Fir, your obedient servant, " JAMES
The PRESIDENT said the manner in which
woollen and worsted manufactures had been mixed
up in the returns of exports attracted the attention
of the Bradford Chamber of Commerce six or seven
years ago, and from time to time applications had
been made to the Board of Trade with a view to
an alteration. Now the Board of Trade seemed to
be alive to the question which that Chamber had
been pressing upon its attention for years, he suob-
gested that the proper course would be to appoint
a committee for the purpose of preparing a suitable
classification to be sent up. He had no doubt that
the information obtained in negotiating the French
treaty would be useful in making a classification.
It might be a question Whether the terms " milled"
and " unmilled" would not be the best to employ
to distinguish Woollens and worsteds. He admitted
that it was very difficult to draw a line of demar-
%Aka'. " Ataa " unmilled" were the terms

To-night Mr. Potter addressed the Liberal elec-
tors in the large lecture-hall of the Athenaeum,
which was crammed to the doors, about 1,000 per-
sons being present.

The CHAIRMAN (Mr. Sutton, of Scotby), in open-
ing the proceedings, paid a tribute of grateful
satisfaction to the memory of Sir James Graham's
political career. Society at large had lost in him a
benefactor. As a landlord and agriculturist he
was first in the field, and had nearly completed
those great improvements which render our
country fertile before the community at large
had begun to think about them. However much
their finer feelings might flinch from coming thus
early into the field, before the remains of
their late representative were consigned under
the turf, their duty as a constituency compelled
them to take immediate action, as there was an
enemy already in the field.

Mr. E. POTTER, having been introduced by the
chairman, addressed the meeting at considerable
length. After stating that he appeared under con-
siderable difficulties, being a total stranger in Car-
lisle, he said he found himself placed in strong con-
trast to their late valued representative, Sir James
Graham, and he could only shelter himself in think-
ing that if he could not represent them as a states-
, man of his class, perhaps he might do so as a prac-
tical man of business, and as an old politician who
had had quiet, and, perhaps, thoughtful experience,
both as to commercial and political matters for the
last 30 years. He had been largely engaged in
business for the last 35 years, and had been perhaps
as hard-working a man as any in that assembly.
He started life with little beyond a good education
and careful nurture ; he had good principles instilled
into him, and it was his ambition to work them out.
He was a calico printer, and, perhaps, at the head
of that branch of the cotton trade. (Proeeeding to
speak of his views on the suffrage, he said—l am
an advocate, and have been since the passing of the
Reform Bill, for a continued extension of the suf-
frage. (Cheers.) I think the suffrage ought to be
continually extended to keep pace with the increase
of population and the increase of the intelligence of
that population. I think you will admit that there
has been during the last 30 years an amazing in-
crease of intelligence among the wotking classes. I
can speak to that point, having lived among them,
having watched them, and having, perhaps, to some
degree encouraged it by education, by leading them
on in political matters, and encouraging them,
whenever they had an opportunity, to ask for the
franchise for themselves. Well, then, gentlemen, I
think a larger extension of the iVanchise is due, and
if I were to give you a definite poi4at to which I would
be inclined to go—even under the present aspect,
when Reform is a little pooh-poohed, and supposed to
be dangerous, because of the contest which we see go-
ing on on the other side of the Atlantic, my opinions
are not shaken—l should be disposed to sanc-
tion a £6 and a £lO. franchise, a measure brought
forward by Lord J. Russell, sanctioned by a large
section of the Whig party, and supported, I be-
lieve, by your late representative, and every shade
of politics down to John Bright. I should be glad
to go to that extent, and more glad to go to that
extent if it were accompanied by the ballot.
(Cheers.) Under the ballot I believe you would
get a free expression of the opinion of the voter. I
am accustomed-myself to vote under the ballot in
the various clubs. I consider it a great luxury, and
if I feel it is a luxury to me, I am bound in some
degree to :extend it to those who, perhaps, stand
still more in need of it. (Cheers.) I will not
weary you with any arguments in favour of the
ballot, as they are well known to you all. I am
anxious it should be carried. I - believe it would
very largely increase the power of the Liberal party.
I believe it will lessen the expenses, and will do
very much for the honesty of the voter. Mr. Potter
proceeded to express himself in favour of the total
abolition of church rates, saying he was satisfied
that the comparatively small sum which would
apparently be lost would be made up most liberally
and ungrudgingly by the members of the Church
themselves. He was strongly opposed to interven-
tion, but he thought a great deal might be done by
the expression of the sympathy of a nation like
ours. Earl Russell, by sympathising with liberty
where he found it in difficulties, had kept them
clear of a much more dangerous course. No wish
had yet been expressed to meddle with American
affairs, but they were beginning to feel a pressure,
which ho feared would call out very strong feelings
in favour of intervention for the sake of getting
cotton. " Honesty is the best policy," and we
should wait till we can honestly be supplied with
that cotton by those who are the present owners of
it. The French Chamber of Commerce was urging
a difference course, which he thought was a dan-
gerous sign. He attributed the present secession
to the disgraceful American tariff, and said that if
the American nation had come forward and de-
voted five or six millions a year to the abolition of
the slave trade we should not have had the pre-
sent secession. It was all very well to talk
about the abrogation of slavery, but he put very
little faith in it if they would not pay for
it. They had no excuse ; they were wealthy to a
degree; and he believed their great wealth and
easy sustenance had led to the present miserable
spectacle of demoralisation. Referring more imme-
diately to the subject of the cotton supply,. he said
—The only conclusion we can come to is that we
can only mend our position by looking very closely
to our Indian dependencies. Very much may be
done, very much is doing, by increasing railway
accommodation and the means of carriage, and en-
couraging the growth of cotton. By encouraging
I mean that the Government should hold out such
facilities for transit as the Government should do as
owners of tho soil, and make the roads themselves,
like landowners in this country. By that means
we should have a supply of cotton; and I have no
doubt they would get a high price for cotton, which
would tempt a larger production, and that supply
from India would be so large as to relieve us from
our present dependency on the United States.
Gentlemen, I have very few points more to refer to.
I can only regret with yourselves the very perilous
position in Nehich the whole of the cotton trade is
placed. You, like most of us, have a very deep in-
terest in it, and I am afraid a period of privation
is
before us for a time. It is utterly
impossible that
•
we can have any other than serious privation, but