The Sun.
London, England, 1861-09-09 00:00:00

AMERICA.

LIVERPOOL, SEPT. 8.
The Royal Mail steamship Persia, Capt. Judkins,
has arrived, with advices from New York to the
28th ult. On leaving she spoke the ships Union
Rinaldo, and the Royal Mail steamship Asia, bound
in. On the 29th the City of Washington, Hibernia,
and Teutonia had arrived out. Passed the ship
Cultivator, bound west, and the screw steamer
Chersonese, bound east. On the 4th inst. spoke the
schooner Petrel, bound east. _ _ .

The New York, Tribune publishes the following
special despatch from Washington :
" Mr. Adams, Minister at St. James's, writes that
in the British mind the independence of the rebels
is fully admitted as a military and political neces-
sity ; that their acknowledgment by England is
but a question of time and prudent courtesy; that
while Britain is impatient to get cotton from the
South in exchange for manufactured goods, she is
anxious not to lose Northern markets,and is unwil-
ling to part with her hope of breaking down the
Morrill Tariff, by the same means with which she
chained the North with the Walker Tariff; and
that two or three more successes like that of Bull's
Run would entitle the slaveocracy to immediate

recognition."
The Secretary of the Treasury had issued a cir-
cular to the officers of Customs, containing the in-
structions necessary to insure a strict observance of
the non-intercourse ordered by the President's late

proclamation.
Passes had been refused to the representatives of
the press, and they were consequently unable to
visit the camps on the Potomac.
Mr. Berrett, Mayor of Washington, had been
sent to Fort Lafayette for refusing to take the oath
of allegiance. Mr. D. C. Lowber, of New Orleans,
a bearer of despatches from President Davis, had
been arrested on his way to embark for England.

General M'Clellan had reviewed in detail every
brigade of troops in the neighbourhood of the

capital.
Mrs. Phillips, wife of a Washington counsellor
had been arrested on a charge of holding treason.
able communication with the enemy. Females
arrested by the Government were permitted to re-
main at their residences, a guard being placed at
the doors to prevent escapes or communication with
friends. After Mrs. Phillips was thus honoured,
she called out of the window to a friend, " Ain't
you proud of your country ? See here, lam a
prisoner."
It had been decided to prohibit the carriage of
correspondence from Confederate States by express
companies.
Some rioting had occurred at Danbury, Connec-
ticut, in consequence of the raising of a " peace
flag." The peace men, being the most powerful,
attained their object after some fighting.
The transmission by post of journals which de-
precated the continuance of the war was strictly
forbidden. Even the New York Journal of Com-
merce, a paper of moderate principles, had come
under the ban.
The New York Tribune of the 21st publishes ex-
tracts of correspondence found on the person of Mr.
Robert Muir, of Charleston, confined in Fort
Lafayette. One letter from James S. M. Carter, is
dated Charleston, July 31, and is addressed to
" Charles Cavendish Clifford, M.P., House of Com-
mons, London," and gives a resume of the events
which had occurred, but with which our readers are
familiar. He says in one portion that he is
" pained to see the disposition of my neighbours to
underrate the courage and patriotism of the North,
and have feared it might have led us into fatal se-
curity. The last battle has taught us that the
Yankees will fight, and most desperately, and will
lead to greater• caution in future. I could hope that
neither section would be again humiliated by so dis-
astrous a defeat as that of Manassas. The bankers
are everywhere subscribing tha half of their entire
crops to the Government loan. Everywhere in
North Carolina and Virginia there is a promise of
most abundant crops, and I have never seen such
favourable prospects for planters as there are now."
Another letter says, " Have no doubt that there
will soon be direct opportunities with the South by
steam." A Miss Annie K. Anderson, writing from
Norfolk on the 11th of July, states that the
blockade had caused everything to rise in value, and
that meat was almost beyond the reach of the poor.
The schooner Henry Middleton was loading with
600 barrels of spirits for Liverpool, and would run
the blockade. " Mr. Robert Muir," the letter
says,—

"One of the parties interested in the adventure
and by whom I send this, will confer and advise
whether it will be better for the schooner to clear
for a Northern port, so that, in case she is ordered
off by the blockading fleet, she may proceed to New
York or Philadelphia. Confer with Mr. Muir on
this point, and whether it will be necessary to put
her under the British flag. Endeavour to have
some goods to meet the raising of the blockade.
Salt is worth to-day 4 (lois. per sack."
Mr. R. T. Walker, of Charleston, writes, on Aug.
6, to Mr. Charles Moore, of Liverpool, that 600
barrels of spirits of turpentine had been sold for
shipment to Liverpool at 25e. the gallon :
" Should the vessel be overhauled by the blockad-
ing fleet, the captain has instructions to fire her.
The parties making the shipment are determined
the Yankees will derive no benefit from it.
The stock of spirits in the place is about 1,200 bar-
rels ; none of it for sale under 30c. There will be
very little resin received here this year, in compa-
rison with the last, many of the distillers having
abandoned the business."
Among other letters was a draught for £250
from the Bank of South Carolina in favour of R.
Stokes, being a legacy. Raveul and Co., of
Charleston, send a draught in favour of Coates, of
Paisley, for 717 do]s. A mother and daughter
write to their " dear Willie," and mention that
there was little tea or coffee for sale in Charleston.
Mr. E. N. Thurston, of Charleston, writes to Mr,
C. K. Priolau, of Liverpool, and speaks hopefully
of the state of affairs.
It is mentioned in Washington letters that the
Government contemplated encouraging privateer-
ing ventures by waiving their claim to a share in
prizes captured.
With the sanction of the Federal Government the
foreign Ministers at Washington had opened a cor-
respondence with their respective consuls atSouthern
ports, requesting them to obtain the release of
foreigners captured by Southern vessels,
On the representation of Lord Lyons several sol-
diers claiming to be British subjects had been dis-
charged from the army.
The refractory men of the 2d Marine and 13th
New York Regiments had been despatched to the
Dry Tortugas, where they would be confined. The
place of their imprisonment is reported to be very
unhealthy.
There were, according to Washington letters of
the 27th, indications of a general advance of the
rebel army, and it was dexterously seizing many
unoccupied points that would be of great import-
ance in the event of an attack. A large force had
been thrown forward to Bailey's Crossroads, where
they are making a strong entrenched position. At
Vienna they had assembled in some force, and Fede-
ral s: outs reported a large body at Falls Church.
A secret expedition sailed from Fortress Monroe
on the 27th, randk- the command of General Butler
and Commodore Stringharn. It consisted of the
frigates Minnesota and Wabash, the sloop-of-war
Pawnee, gunboats Monticello and Harriet Lane,
the steamers Adelaide and George Peabody, the
propellers Fanny and Adriatic, with a large num-
ber of schooners, barges, &c. The Quaker City
would follow. The vessels carried over 100 guns
and about 4,000 men.
Colonel Tyler's Federal force in the Kanawha
valley is reported to have been defeated at Sum-
mersville by the Confederates under General Floyd.
The reports from Kentucky exhibit symptoms of
an impending civil war in the State.
The Confederate privateers were becoming ven-