The Sun.
London, England, 1861-10-18 00:00:00

BOROUGH HOP.

-
The business doing in all kinds of hops is very limited,
and prices continue to give way. The duty is called
£115,000. Foreign hops still come freely to hand.
New Mid and East Eents .. 190 s to 260 s per cwt.
New Weald of Keats ...... 160 s 200 s ~
New Sussex .............. 140 s 1605 ~

COLONIAL.
TEA.—The public sales have gone off with considerable
animation, and prices have been well maintained.
B"An.—The demand has been active for good and fine
grocery descriptions at an advance of about 6d per cwt
In
Other qualities have also supported previous prices.
the Refined Market a fair business has been done at full
rates.
COFFEE.—For the better qualities of Plantation Ceyl, n
there has been a better demand, and prices have tended
upwards,
RICE
.—increased • .—increased activity has prevailed, full rates being
obtained for all descriptions.
ar4ALLow,—The market has remained moderately active,
618 prices are steadily supported. P.Y.C. on the spot,
Owt, to 51s 6d, and spring delivery, 52s to 52s 3d per

all
all
13}
all
all

18.8.
all
all
all
all
all

LINES LEASED AT FIXED RENTALS.
1 Leasing Closing Business
Railways. I Paid.
Co.'s Price. Done.
Chesterßedfordllu Icing
ha:a Holyhead... ol Is
lhlyei hrt eceharde.. Y:
. llarlol I DDL1100.a....N:g...j 653 i 96
10000
DD00.......
Do.Do 54 percent,.
Colchester, Stour Val. all , .. .
130
133
Clydesdale Jun 0...... 100 CFau1e.da.0.rn.c.."11101119101:11201133144:
41 41 41
EE:Luinnicoonl,nHslan. gvi6ephesrhcs: i 1:101
1,
EGt.c.Nounortths: _
Do. Woodbridge.. •t 100 i •• _
Gls.Barr.& Neils:DrA. 100 ,Caledon...
Do. new , 100 !D0... •• ••
Gloster & Dean Forest all Gt. West.
Hrtlp'l Dock & Rail.. all Yk.N.&Br ---
Hull and Selby.
Do. halves..,
1DDY0k0...N....M. d.,. 1:09 11.:1.
aDDnueo
_i
Londonpqcur. :
ta: tehre rr:enusec.an.e. w
i. 5..
p.
c.. .
h.. c il 1
111Ra:00100011i
ILn&N.W. 198 202
Lon.,Tilbury,& S -endl 100 Peto &Co. 82 84 84
IS.Eastern 59 61
Lowestoft gua. 4p c 100 Norfolk..
1D0........ 110 115
Do. 6 per cent i 100 IDo —
Bine., Bxtn.,&Matlock, all 'L NW&M 31 81
Mid. Bradford Prefer-
ence Stock ... .. .. . 1.00 Midland 93 95 934
Nevvmarkt,BuryTEx.l
gua. 5 percent..... 5. 5. 6 E.Counts. p 4 p P
Northn.&Eastn. SP. C. all !Do 55 57
Do. 11 p. c. ...... .. all IDo. -
Do. Fixed sp. c..... all IDo.
North Western....... all Midland 151 16
Preston and Wyre. 1 all 1,4 NW
1 I:I'-4. t°RI:. Nik.rsi
ell:ill:31
1221-32
11011
si; ol loriesiwt Sharesns.bHr
yi t&c h,
Hereford,& S heA p.l
Do. do. 1 Do. 1 11p
S.-Staffordshire all M'Clern... —.— 3
Wilts and Somerset lOO J Gt. West, 189 91 901
WthlbiedolldicrOYdll• all IL.d;BriPin li 9

THE SUN, LONDON, FRIDAY EVENIN(, OCTOBER 18, 1861.

Business done

98 i

101 i f

1001
191

321 3

98) i

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9i 10
4 3i
pr
23 L 4

8i 9k

8
19i 2(1
38 39

9 10
40 41
52 54

4 3d

6 6i
Af
241 251

7i 76
91 101
20 21

97j 81 8
91i

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191 f

9 i 9

120 123
60 62
62 61

96 98
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16

is 11 PI

id
10 pr
9,

LAW IN2ELLIGENCE—( Th 4 Day.)

COURT OF BANKRUPTCY.
(Before Mr. Commissioner Fame.)
IN RE GIASS.-DISCHARGE FROM CUSTODY.

In this case reported yesterday, Mr. Brough renewed his
application for the discharge of Mr. Weston, Moorgate•
street, having filed the statement required by the com-
plainant under the new act—although the application was
made under the 12th section of the old act.

The statement simply contained the names and addresses
of creditors, the amounts respectively due to them, the
liabilities, and the cause of failure.

GENERAL FREMONT.

(From the New American Cyclopedia.)

Mr, Toes, for the creditor, said the account having been
duly filed he would leave the matter in the hands of the
Court.

His Honour said that under these circumstances he
should order a discharge.
This statement, however, will not absolve the bankrupt
from filing a balance-sheet as usual, 10 days before the
last examination, and the Court may order a specific goods
and cash account, if requisite.

1221 i

28}
43 I

Fremont, John Charles, an American explorer,
born in Savannah, Georgia, January 21, 1813. His
father was a Frenchman who had settled in Nor-
folk, Virginia, where he supported himself by teach-
ing his native language. His mother, whose maiden
name was Aune Beverley Whiting, was the daugh-
ter of an opulent and prominent Virginian, con-
nected by marriage with the Washington family.
She was left an orphan at an early age, and when
seventeen years old was persuaded by her relatives
to marry Major Pryor, a rich and gouty gentleman
forty-five years her senior. This union was child-
less and unhappy, and at the end of twelve years was
terminated by a divorce which the friends of both
parties combined to procure from the Legisla-
ture. Major Pryor soon married his housekeeper.
and Mrs. Pryor married Mr. Fremont. He died in
1818. The widow, with three infant children,
settled in Charleston, South Carolina. At the age
of 15, John Charles entered the junior class of
Charleston College. For some time he stood high
in college, and made remarkable attainments in
mathematics. " But about this time," says Mr.
Bigelow, one of his biographers, " he became ac-
quainted with a young West Indian girl, whose
raven hair and soft black eyes interfered sadly
with his studies." His inattention and frequent
absences at length caused his expulsion from the
college. After this event he obtained employment
as a private teacher of mathematics, and took
charge at the same time of an evening school.
In 1833 he obtained the position of teacher of
mathematics on board of the United States
sloop of war Natchez, which was then in the
port of Charleston, from which she sailed
on a cruise to the coast of South America.
Fremont was absent in her for more than two
years, and on his return to Charleston received from
the College which had expelled him the degrees of
Bachelor and Master of Arts. Shortly afterward
he missed successfully a rigorous examination at
Baltimore for Professorship of Mathematics in the
navy, and was appointed to the frigate Indepen-
dence ; but he soon resolved to quit the sea, and
engaged himself as a surveyor and railroad engineer
on a line between Charleston and Augusta, Georgia.
In 1837, he accompanied Captain Williams, of the
United States army, in a military reconnaissance of
the mountainous Cherokee country in Georgia,
North Carolina, and Tennessee. In 1838 9, he
accompanied M. Nicollet, a Frenchman, and a dis-
tinguished man of science, in explorations of the
country between the Missouri and the British line.
These explorations were made under the authority
of the government, and, while engaged in them
in 1838, Fremont received from President Van
Buron, under date of July 7, a commission as Second
Lieutenant in the Corps of Topographical Engineers.
While at Washington, in 1840, employed in the
preparation of the report of these expeditions, Fre-
mont become acquainted with Miss Jessie Benton,
a daughter of Col. Thomas H. Benton, at that time
a senator from Missouri. An engagement was
formed, but as the lady was only 15 years of age,
her parents, notwithstanding their high personal
regard for Fremont, objected to the match, and sud-
denly, probably through the potent influence of
Colonel Benton, the young officer received from
the War Department a peremptory order to make
an examination of the river Des Moines upon the
western frontier. The survey was rapidly
executed, and shortly after his return from this
duty the lovers were secretly married, October
19, 1841. In the following year Fremont projected
a geographical survey of the entire territory of
the United States, from the Missouri River to the
Pacific Ocean, the feasibility of an overland corn-
tnunication between the two sides of the continent
being then a leading idea in his scheme of explora-
tions. He accordingly applied to the War Depart-
ment for employment on this service, and having
received, at his own suggestion, instructions to
explore the Rocky Mountains, and. particularly to
examine the South Pass, he left Washington May
2, 1842, and on June 10 began his expedition. Im-
mediately after the publication of his report Fre-
mont planned a second expedition of a much more
comprehensive character than the first. He deter-
mined to extend his explorations across the conti-
nent, and to survey the then unknown region lying
between the ltockyMoun tains and the Pacific Ocean.
In May, 1843, he commenced his journey with 39
men, and in pursuance of his instructions proceeded
up the Kansas River far enough to ascer-
tain its character, and then crossed over to the
Platte, which he ascended to its source in the moun-
tains, where the Sweet Water, one of its tributaries,
springs from the neighbourhood of the South Pass.
He reached the Pass on August 8, went through it,
and saw the head waters of the Colorado flowing
toward the Gulf of California. On September 6,
after travelling over 1,700 miles, he came in sight
of the Great Salt Lake, of which no accurate account
had ever been given, and of which very vague and
erroneous notions were entertained. His investi-
gations effected important rectifications in our geo-
graphical knowledge of this portion (:f the conti-
nent, and had subsequently a powerful influence
in promoting the settlement of Utah and
of the Pacific States. From the Salt Lake
he proceeded to the upper tributaries of
the Columbia river, whose valley he descended
till, on November 4th, he reached Fort Van-
couver, near the mouth of the Columbia. On Nov.
10, he set out on his return to the States. He
selected a south-east route, leading from the lower
part of the Columbia to the Upper Colorado, through
an almost unknown region, crossed by high and
rugged mountain chains. He soon encountered
deep snows, which impeded his progress and forced
him to descend into the great basin, and presently
found himself in the depth of winter in a desert,
with the prospect before him of death to his whole
party from cold and hunger. By astronomical ob-
servation, he found that he was in the latitude of
the bay of San Francisco ; but between him and the
valleys of California was a rar ge of mountains
covered with snows which the Indians declared no
man could cross, and over which no reward could
induce them to attempt to guide him. Fremont
boldly undertook the passage without a guide, and
accomplished it in forty days, reaching Sutter's Fort
on the Sacramento early in March, with his men
reduced almost to skeletons, and with only thirty-
three out of sixty-seven horses and mules remain-
ing, and those that survived so weak and thin that
they could barely walk while led along. He re.
sumed his journey March 24, and, proceeding south-
ward, skirted the western base of Sierra Nevada,
crossed that range through a gap, entered the great
basin, and again visited the Salt Lake, from which
through the South Pass, he returned to Kansas in
July, 1844, after an absence of fourteen months,
during the greater part of which he was never
out of sight of snow. Fremont was breveted
captain in January, 1845, and in the spring of
that year he set out on a third expedition to ex-
plore the great basin and the maritime region of
Oregon and Caiifornia. The summer was spent
in examining the head waters of the rivers whose
source is in the dividing ridge between the Pacific
and the Mississippi valley ; and in October he
encampei on the shores of the Great Salt Lake.
From thence he proceeded to explore the Sierra
Nevada, which chain he crossed again, in the dead
of winter, with a few men, to obtain supplies from
California for his party, with whom, after perilous
adventures among the mountains, and some suc-
cessful encounters with hostile Indians, he made
his way into the valley of the San Joaquin,
where he left his men to recruit, and went him-
self to Monterey, which was at that time the
capital of California, to obtain from the Mexi-
can authorities permission to proceed with his
exploration. Permission was granted, but was
almost immediately revoked, and he was peremp-
torily ordered to leave the country without delay.
Fremont as peremptorily refused to comply. His
men, exhausted by the hardships they had suffered,
and destitute of supplies and animals, were in no
condition to re-pass the mountains and the deserts
from which they had just emerged. The Mexican
Governor, General Castro, mustered the forces of
the province, and prepared to attack the Americans,
who were only sixty-two in number. Fremont
took up a strong position on the Hawk's Peak, a
mountain thirty miles from Monterey ; built a rude
fort of felled trees ; hoisted the American flag ; and,
having plenty of ammunition, resolved to defend
himself. He wrote to the American Consul at
Monterey, in reply to a private message, March 10,
1846 :—" We have in no wise done wrong to the
people or the authorities of this country, and if we are
hemmed in and assaulted here, we will die, every
man of us, under the flag of our country." The
Mexican General formed a camp with a large force
of artillery, cavalry, and infantry, in the plain
immediately below the position held by the Ameri-
cans, whom he hourly threatened to attack. On
the evening of the fourth day of the siege, Fremont,
tired of inaction, withdrew with his party, and pro-
ceeded towards the San Joaquin. The fires were
still burning in his deserted camp, when a messen-
ger arrived from General Castro to propose a cessa-
tion of hostilities. Without further molestation,
Fremont pursued his way northward through the
valley of the Sacramento into Oregon. Near
Tlamath Lake, on May 9, he met a party in search
of him with despatches from Washington, directing
him to watch over the interests of the United Staten
in California, there being reason to apprehend that
the province would be transferred to Great.
Britain. There was also reason fn 1,...n.‘c tnat
Geueitil Chlatiu iutcudea. to destroy the American
settlements on the Sacramento. Fremont promptly
retraced his steps to California. General Castro
was already marching against the settlements. The'
settlers rose ia arms, flocked to Fremont's camp,