The Sun.
London, England, 1861-05-23 00:00:00

THE SUN, LONDON, THURSDAY EVENING, MAY 23, 1861.

Few Englishmen or Americans will deny that tle
source of government is the consent of the governed,
or that every nation has the right to govern itself
according to its will. When the silent consent is
changed to fierce remonstrance the revolution is in-
pending. The right of revolution is indisputabe.
It is written on the whole record of our race.

British and American history is made up of le-
bellien and revolution. Many of the crowned
Kings were rebels or usurpers; Hampden, Pyn,
and Oliver Cromwell ; Washington, Adams, aid
Jefferson,'all were rebels. It is no word of reproaci ;

but these men all knew the work they had sat
themselves to do. They never called their rebellion

"peaceable secession." They were sustained .)yr
the consciousness of right when they overthrew

established authority, but they meant to overthrow

t: They meant rebellion, civil war, bloodshed,
infinite suffering for themselves and their wh)le

generation, for they accounted them welcome stb-
stitutes for insulted liberty and violated right.
There can be nothing plainer, then, than the Ane-

,
police of the great rivers, the arrangement and for-
tification of frontiers, the transit of the isthmus, the
mouth of the Mississippi, the control of the Gulf of
Mexico, these are significant phrases which have an
appalling sound ; for there is not one of them that
does not contain the seeds of war. In any separa-

tion, however accomplished, these difficulties must
be dealt with, but there would seem less hope of
arriving at a peaceful settlement of them now that
the action of the seceding States has been so preci-
pitate and lawless. For a single State, one after
another, to resume those functions of sovereignty
which it had unconditionally abdicated when its
people ratified the Constitution of 1787, to seize
forts, arsenals, custom-houses, post-offices, mints,
and other valuable property of the Union, paid for
by the treasure of the Union, was not the exercise
of a legal function, but it was rebellion, treason,
and plunder. J. L. M.

ROYAL AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY OF

.ENGLAND.

The annual general meeting of this society was
held yesterday in the rooms, Hanover-square--the
Earl of Powis presiding.
Among those present were Lord Berners, Lord
Feversham, Lord Walsingham, Lord Heytesbury,
the Hon. Colonel Hood, Colonel Challoner, Mr.
Millward, Mr. Wren Hoskyns, Mr. W. T. Gibbs,
Mr. W. F. Hobbs, Mr. Frere, Mr. Jonas Webb, Mr.
W. Corbet, Mr. Owen Wallis, Mr. S. Druce, Mr.
J. Druce, Mr. Astbury, Mr. H. Corbet, Mr. S.
Sidney, Mr. Strafford, Mr. Torr, Mr. Turner, Mr.
Freebody, Mr. Moore, &c.
Lord :FEVERSHAM said that as it had been sug-
gested that his Royal Highness the Prince Consort
would probably undertake the presidency of the
society next year, when its meeting was to be held
in the metropolis, a deputation had waited, not long
since, on his Royal Highness to ascertain his views
on the subject, and they had the pleasure of learn-
ing that he was willing to fill the office. (Cheers.)
He believed that the whole agricultural community
would receive the announcement with satisfaction,
and he therefore moved that a deputation be
appointed to wait upon his Royal Highness to ask
his acceptance of the presidency for the ensuing
year. (Cheers.)
Mr. FISHER HOBBS, in seconding the motion,
said he only expressed the sentiments of the farmers
of England when he said that no gentleman in the
kingdom would be received with equal approbation
as president of the ib ociety as Ilia Royal Highness
the Prince Consort—not on account of his exalted
rank, or from his being the consort of our beloved
Queen, but because he was a practical farmer. He
had also encouraged this society both by his pre-
sence and the exhibition of animals at their coun-
try meetings. Having gone often during the last
few years over the royal farm, he could say that no
landlord in the country carried out agricultural im-
provements to a greater extent than his Royal
Highness did. He not only encouraged good farm-
buildings and good breeding stocks, but also drain-
age and a better cultivation of land ; and, in fact, he
promoted every object in which the society could be
interested.
The motion was then agreed to, and a deputation,
consisting of the president and the mover and
seconder, was appointed to wait upon his Royal
Highness.
The trustees of the society having been re-elected,
the meeting proceeded to the election of the vice-
presidents for the y ear.
Mr. S. SIDNEY proposed that the name of the Duke
of Sutherland should be substituted for that of Mr.
Raymond Barker.
Mr. W. Y. FREEBODY seconded the motion.
The CHAIRMAN said that as the Dake was only a
life member, and not a governor, he was not eligible.
The motion then fell to the ground, and the list
of vice-presidents, as originally proposed, was
agreed to.
The CHAIRMAN said that before he called upon
the secretary to read the report, he wished to make
a few observations. In the first place, he must con-
gratulate the meeting on the prospect of having their
important meeting next year, when the great In-
ternational Exhibition would be open in London,
presided over by his Royal Highness the Prince
Consort. In 1851 her Majesty was graciously
pleased to let the council have their meeting in the
Home-park, Windsor, and it had been thought ad-
visable to have their meeting in London, to which
persons from all parts of Europe would then be
attracted. Her Majesty had consented to allow the
society to have its exhibition in the Regent's-park,
and the council had concluded the arrangements on
the subject with the Commissioner of Woods and
Forests. The site was an extremely elegible one,
and would give ample room for the multitudes who
would probably attend. The council had filled up
the different vacancies in the offices of trustee and
vice-president, including that occasioned by the
death of the Duke of Sutherland, who was one of
the earliest members of the society, and took a great
and enlightened interest in the condition of the
large estates which he had inherited both
in England and Scotland. The noble chair-
man then referred to the paragraph in the
report as to the financial position of the society,
and expressed a lope that, with a view to save in-
convenience and expense, members would give a
permanent order to their bankers to pay their sub-
scriptions. The council trusted and believed that
the meeting at Leeds would be in every respect
successful. In accordance with tha report of a cow-
mate°, the euuuell had determined to admit the
members to the show by ticket gratis, and they
would be able to leave and return again as many
times during •the day as they liked without being
subject to any pecuniary charge. This arrange-
ment would, he believed, be satisfactory to all, and
lead to a considerable accession of members. The
society had now almost made three circuits of Eng-
land, and as they met next year in the metropolis,
the council thought that a good opportunity pre-
sented itself for revising the districts. England
was now divided into nine rural districts, with a
tenth district comprising the metropolis and its
neighbourhood. Probably a decennial interval
would be sufficiently remote to render a metropo-
litan meeting a pleasing variety, and attractive to
the immense population living within the London
district. (Hear, hear.)
The SECRETARY (Mr. H. Hall Dare) then read
the following report :
"The council have to report to the members at
their present general meeting that during the past
half-year 87 members have been elected into the
society, six governors and 67 members have died,
and the names of 236 members have been on various
accounts omitted from the list of the society, which
accordingly now comprbes 84 life governors, 90
governors, 3,328 members, 1,113 life members, and
18 honorary members, making a total of 4,633
'names on the list. The council have elected Lord
Feversham to supply the vacancy in the class of
rustees, and Lord Walsingham in that of the vice-
)residents, caused by the decease of his Grace the
' Duke of Sutherland, and the resignation of the Earl
cf Hardwicke. Mr. Wm. Sanday, of Holme Pierre-
lont, has been elected a member of the council in
tie room of Lord Walsingham' and the Earl Cath-
cart in the room of Lord Feversham. The statement
of accounts for the half-year ending Dee. 31, 1860,
his been examined and approved by tie society's
aulitors, and by Messrs. Quilter, Bad, and Co.
Tie funded capital has been lately rased to the
anount of £14,219 2s. 9d. stock in the New 3 per
Celts, by a further investment of £2,000. The
Fiance Committee have been enabled to effect this
by ;he gorge collection of arrears of subscription,
whch they have received authority from the coun-
cil to require all defaulters 'to pay. Repeated
appications having been made for the arrears still
outsanding, it has been decided to take proceedings
in tie county courts against those wto continue
indeited to the society. It has been resolved that,
on tie proposal of any person as a member, a form
shad be sent by the secretary to the candidate for
his signature, containing an acknowledgment of
his 'attire liability, which letter he must return
before his election can be proceeded with. A letter
willalso be sent to each member in the course of the
year reminding him of his subscription being due.
The rye-laws and resolutions of council having been
collated and revised, a reprint of them has been
, made, and a copy will be forwarded to any member
on application to the secretary. The question of
the free admission of governors and members to the
show-yard during tho society's country meetings
has been under the consideration of the council.
Governors and members who have paid their sub-
scrittion for the current year, will be admitted free
by tckets issued by the secretary, which tickets
will
.not be transferable; and any governor or
metreer who shall be found to transfer or lend his
ticket will be reported to the council, and will in
future forfeit the privileges of membership. Appli-
cationfor the member's ticket is to be made in
Louder, either by post or personally, not later than
Fridsy June 12, and afterwards at the secretary's
office, rear the entrance to the show-yard. During
the ast month Professor Simonds has delivered
a 'enure On the Natures and Causes of the
Dise4e known as the Rot of Sheep;' and Pro-
fessor Voelcker On the Manufacture of Cheese.'
It hs been determined to print Professor
Simcnis' lecture as a separate pamphlet. The
interet attaching to the country meeting will be
this ytr largely increased by the competitive trials
of stein-cultivators. The result of these trials
will bi made known at the Leeds meeting. The
society-having offered this year a prize of £lOO for
the bee thorough-bred stallion, having served mares
durinethe season 1861, which, in the opinion of the
Filidgeole best calculated to improye and perpetuate

the' breed of the sound and thorough-bred horse for
general stud purposes, and an unusually large
amount for horses in other classes, they contemplate
that great interest will be evinced at this meeting
by the breeders of horses and the public generally
throughout the kingdom. The entries of imple-
ments and machinery in motion, to be exhibited at
Leeds, closed on May 1, and the council have the
satisfaction of stating that the applications for space
in this department of the show-yard exceed those of
any previous meeting of the society. The entries
for live stock and flax, which will close on the Ist
of June, already give indications that this portion
of the exhibition will be equally satisfactory. The
arrangements for the Leeds meeting, to be held in
the week commencing Monday, July 15, are ad-
vancing rapidly. The show-yard will be open as
under :—Monday, for implements, and for stock
(after the judges have made their award), ss. ;
Tuesday, 2s. 6d. ' • Wednesday, 2s. 6d. ; Thursday,
is. ; Friday, ls. The successful competitors for the
prizes offered by the society have been, in Class IX.,
for 1859, Professor Tanner, of Queen's College, Bir-
mingham, who gained the prize of £lO for his Essay
on the Breeding of Farm Stock ; and in Class VIII.,
for 1860, Messrs. Raynbird, of Hackwood Park,
Basingstoke, the prize of £lO for their paper on
Adulteration of Seeds. In Classes VIII. for 1859,
and VI. and IX. for 1860, the Essays were not con-
sidered worthy of the prizes, and the council cannot
forbear from expressing their regret that there was
not greater competition. Her Majesty has been
graciously pleased to grant a site of 26 acres in the
Regent's Park for the purpose of holding- an exhi-
bition of stock and implements in 1862. The coun-
cil have made the necessary arrangements with the
office of works, and trust that the number of dis-
tinguished agriculturists, British and foreign, who
will visit the International Exhibition will, by their
presence in the show-yard, have an opportunity
of witnessing the magnitude and success of our
department of national industry. It has
been resolved by the council to maintain the origi-
nal scheme of districts for the county meetings of
the society, viz., A, comprising the counties of
Cumberland, Durham, Northumberland, and West-
moreland ; B, Lancashire aad Yorkshire ; C, Che-
shire, Shropshire, and Staffordshire; D, Derby-
shire, Leicestershire, Lincolnshire, Nottingham-
shire, and Rutlandshire ; E, South Wales and
Herefordshire, Monmouthshire, and Worcestershire;
F, Bedfordshire' Berkshire, Buckinghamshire,
Gloucestershire, Northamptonshire, Oxfordshire,
Warwickshire, and Wiltshire ; G, Cambridgeshire,
Essex, Hertfordshire, Huntingdonshire, Norfolk,
and Suffolk •, H, Cornwall, Devonshire, Dorset-
shire, and Somersetshire ; I, Hampshire, Kent,
Surrey, and Sussex ; K, the metropolis and its
postal district."
Lord BERNERS moved the adoption of the report.
Mr. S. SIDNEY, in seconding the motion, said it
was impossible to object to anything in the report,
and that he only objected to what the report did
not contain. (Laughter.) The most satisfactory
announcement in the report was as to the finances
of the society, but the result there mentioned had
been brought about by a sort of revolution in intro-
ducing men, not bound down by any traditions,
who went vigorously to work for the benefit of the
institution. It was to a change of that kind they
must look for other improvements in the society.
So long as they continued to elect the same men to
manage their affairs year after year, and had as
chairmen those who, though very active and useful
in their younger days, were now less disposed to
active exertions, improvements, however beneficial,
would be resisted to the last moment. A general
cause of complaint was the tardiness with which
members received any account of the proceedings
of the society, and as a remedy he suggested that
reporters for the newspapers should no longer be
excluded from their weekly meetings when papers
were read and discussions took place upon them.
The society remained in the same torpid state
in which it was ten years ago, and it would do
so for the future unless there was an infusion of
younger and more active members. It was most satis-
factory to know that the president for the ensuing
year would be the Prince Consort, because he had
identified himself with progress in every depart-
ment of science and art in which he had taken an
interest. (Cheers.)
The report was then adopted.
The CHAIRMAN said that under the charter it
was necessary, as the exhibition of the society was
to be held in London in 1862, that the annual meet-
ing for that year should take place in the country,
and the council had selected Windsor for that pur-
pose.
The Hon. COLA. N. HOOD read the report of the
auditors, from which it appeared that the receipts
for the year amounted to £9,724 195., and that after
meeting all the expenses there remained a balance
in hand of £1,278 12s. 6d.
The Hon. N. GRANVILLE congratulated the mem-
bers on having so large a sum in reserve as that
stated in the report, and expressed a hope that the
council would speedily devise a method of spending
it with a view to the benefit of the society. (Hear,
hear.) He attributed the meagreness of the show
of horses at Canterbury last year to the want of
proper accommodation, and to the reluctance of
owners of valuable animals to send them in conse-
quence of a fear that they might be injured ; and
suggested that the surplus funds of the society
I might be judiciously applied in providing better
accommodation at future exhibitions.
Mr. FREEBODY thought that the committee who
managed the journal of the society ought to act
more liberally in their dealings with those who
sought by mental work to advance the cause of
agricultural improvement.
Mr. HOBBS explained that the £14,000 did not
represent the surplus income of the society. By
the charter, the compositions for life governorships
and life memberships had to be paid into the bank
to a separate account, and were not applicable to
the current expenses ; and, so far from the society
having any actual surplus to dispose of, that ac-
count ought properly to amount to £15,330.
After some further discussion with regard to
giving greater and speedier publicity to the pro-
ceedings of the society, the report of the auditors
was received, and thanks voted to them for their
services.

IRELAND.

DUBLIN, WEDNESDAY.

The Archbishop of Dublin yesterday preached
the annual sermon in St. Patrick's Cathedral on be-
half of the Society for the Propagation of the Gospel
in Foreign Parts, after which there was a meeting
in the same place of the Dublin and Kildare Auxi-
liary Society, his Grace presiding. The report
was read by tha Rev. H. Dickinson. The meeting
was addressed by the Lord Mayor, the Archdeacon
of Dublin, the Dean of St. Patrick s, the Rev. Dr.
Salmon, General Hall, and the Rev. H . F. Poole,
F.T.C.D. A vote of thanks was passed to the
Archbishop for his able and eloquent sermon.
Galway is again roused into action by the with-
drawal of the subsidy. A meeting.was held there
on Monday to express the public indignation ex-
cited by " the shabbiest act of a Whig Govern-
ment." A deputation had waited on Father Daly to
request that he would come forward and lead the
movement for the restoration of the subsidy which
he had done so much to obtain. He obeyed the
call and addressed the meeting, but by no means in
a sanguine tone. The rev. gentleman has been
summoned by telegraph to London to aid the com-
pany, by his influence at head-quarters. At the
meeting a memorial to the Lord-Lieutenant was
adopted, and a deputation to wait on his Excel-
lency was appointed. The deputation is to be re-
ceived to-morrow.
In the meantime great efforts are being made to
have Foynes adopted as the Transatlantic Packet
Station. A meeting on the subject was held at
Limerick on Monday, consisting of the joint com-
mittees of the local railway companies. Mr. W.
Malcolmson, the chairman of Atlantic Steamboat
Company, presided. The Limerick people seem
confident of winning the prize from Galway, and
they anticipate that if the subsidy is not restored
some Government aid will be given to enable the
company to trade profitably, starting three vessels
from Foynes harbour.
The Prince Albert left Galway yesterday with
276 passengers but no mails.
Mr. Robert Archbold, a commercial traveller
connected with a London house, died suddenly
of apoplexy yesterday in a bookseller's shop on
Ormond-quay. He felt ill while passing the house,
entered, asked for a chair, and expired in a few
minutes. lie had been stopping at the Commer-
cial Hotel, Suffolk-street. An inquest was held by
Dr. White, city coroner. The deceased had in his
possession a case containing 47 gold watches, 63
silver watches, and a large sum of money. He
stated that he resided at Newington, Surrey.

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