The Sun.
London, England, 1861-10-09 00:00:00

THE CIVIL WAR IN AMERICA.

From the miscellaneous commercial advices from
New York this week it appears that the hope which
was entertained by a large class of respectable
traders in that city that a sudden caprice of the
majority might before long lead to a compromise
and termination of the war has been greatly damped
by the total disavowal, on the part of the Federal
Cabinet, of the proceedings of General Fremont.
When that officer issued his Abolition proclamation

it was assumed that the Northern States, with the
exception of Massachusetts, Connecticut, and
Rhode Island, where alone the Slavery question is
made a real element of the present struggle, would
be aroused to a common feeling of alarm at the con-
sequences to be expected from indiscriminate eman-
cipation, which might lead them even in the face
of the repressive measures of the Government to
demand a change of Administration. The Govern-
ment, however, by anticipating this contingency,
and publishing an immediate censure on General
Fremont, have escaped the danger, and brought
the contest e gain to its simple revolutionary form,
the Anti-Slavery fiction evidently being discarded
by common consent. The only passions left at play,
therefore, are those excited in an unmixed struggle
for supremacy, and, as the tremendous expenditure
of the Government scatters bribes to all the specu-
lators and idlers engaged in keeping up the storm,
there is considered now to be little prospect of
peace, except as the result of a financial convulsion.
That such a convulsion must take place, and that a
depreciated currency and national bankruptcy'tvill,
supposing the war to be continued, be witnessed
before the lapse of many months, is stated to be the
firm conviction of leading American bankers. If
this consummation presents the only means by
which'the ferocity and folly of the people are likely
to be stayed, every friend of the country must
earnestly desire its speedy arrival. Timm Cray
Article,

HEALTH OF LONDON DURING THE WEEK.

(From the .Registrar-General's Weekly Return.)

In the week that ended last Saturday 1,147 deaths
were registered in London. The average number
for corresponding weeks in the ten previous years,
corrected, is 1167; but if 411 deaths from cholera
in the first week of October, 1854, are excluded
from the data of which the calculation is made, it
will be found that the rate of mortality that pre-
vailed last week was not below the average.
Measles was fatal in the week in only 7 cases, a
return unusually low. There were 99 deaths from
scarlatina, besides 21 from diphtheria. Of 9 deaths
from all causes in the sub-district of Woolwich
dockyard, 3 were from diptheria, and 2 from scar-
latina. A Ny9man and a child died at 1, Harring-
ton-terrace.,,, Woolwich, of diphtheria. Four
children died from scarlatina in the sub-district of
Waterloo-road, second part, in the poor portion of
which the registrar, Mr. Daws, states that this
disease is extremely prevalent. He adds that the
mortality of his district has been higher last
quarter, than in any corresponding period of the
last twelve years, excepting the time when cholera
prevailed. A man, aged 19 years, died in Bath-
street, City-road, of" epistaxis (3 weeks) ;" and the
daughter of a surgeon in the King's-road, Holborn,'
aged 14 years, died on the 29th September of sun-
stroke after three weeks' illness

Last week the births of 923 boys and 895 girls,
in all 1818 children, were registered in London. In
the ten corresponding weeks of the years 1851.60
the average number was 1506.
At the Royal Observatory, Greenwich, the mean
height of the barometer in the week was 29.816
inches. The readings fell to 29.57 inches on Tues-
day, the Ist inst., and rose to 30.02 inches on Thurs-
day. The mean temperature of the air in the week
was 59.3 deg., which is s.9deg. above the average
of the same week in 43 years (as determined by Mr.
Glaisher). The mean daily temperature was above
the average throughout the week, and on Tuesday
the excess was as much as 10.8 deg. The highest
day temperature was 74 deg. on Monday ; the
lowest night temperature was 48.3 deg. on Thurs-
day. The range of temperature was therefore 25.7
deg. The mean daily range was 18.5 deg. The
difference between the mean dew-point temperature
and air temperature was 4.6 deg. The mean degree
of humidity of the air was 86, complete saturation
being represented by 100, which point was almost
attained on Saturday. The wind was chiefly in the
south-west and south-east, from which latter point
it blew on the last three days. The amount of rain
was 018 inches. The mean temperature of the
Thames was 58.3 deg. There was thunder and
lightning on the evening of Tuesday:

' I In the thirteen weeks that ended Saturday, Sept.
28, the total number of deaths registered in London
was 14,932. It exceeded by 2,000 the number re-
turned in the same period of last year, when the
weather was both cold and wet, and therefore less
favourable to the development of summer cholera.
u n
In the three summer months of this year the mean
temperature of thq air was 60.4 deg., whereas in
cholera
aofwelrBe6ofatiatl was
in that
56.8 deg.goo i Diarrh (la
only
al season
788 cases ; in the corresponding period of the pre-
sent year, when London enjoyed fine weather, they
rose to 2,009. Of this latter number no less than
1,776 occurred to young persons, nearly all of whom
were infants. Whooping-cough was also more
fatal, for the deaths from this complaint in the two
corresponding quarters of 1860-61 were respec-
tively 350 and 633. Croup rose from 105 to 177,
I diphtheria from 71 to 168, and typhus from 311 to
429. But scarlatina exhibited no increase, while
small-pox and measles showed a very material de-
cline. The facts seem to indicate that diphtheria
is more dependent on those local or atmospheric
causes that develop or intensify whooping-cough
and croup than on those by which the scarlat in at
poison is quickened into action ; but this is a point
to be settled by more extended observation. In In the
,
three corresponding quarters of 1859,d
44. Both
deaths from small-pox were 287,
99, and
and pneu-
monia, which was fatal in 681 cases,
fatal in 562; were attendedm by a
higher mor-
tality than is usual in the summer quarter.
to have prevailed
Scarlatina, and diarrhoea appeardistricts. The former
most in some of the southeronf
32 deaths in the two
complaint was the caulosoe_
road, and of 17in the west
sub-districts of Wator
sub-district of Greenwich.
The latter (diarrhoea)
was recorded in 29 cases ; n .
the sub-district
of St.
Savour
• 's, Southwark,
in 24 in that of Leather Market; i2B n St. Peter, Walworth ; 38 in St.
Xraterloo•road ; 48 in Lambeth Church sub-dis-
icts • 38 in St. Paul, Deptford ; 34 in Greenwich,
32 in Woolwich, 26 in Plumstead. On the north
side of the River, Islington returned 113 deaths
from diarrhoea.

',CRYSTAL PALACE.— One Shilling Day.—Yester-
day the admissions on payment were 1,831; do. by season
tickets, 855; total visitors, 2,686.