The Sun.
London, England, 1861-10-17 00:00:00

THE KING OF HOLLAND.

A correspondent writing from Compiegne on Sun-
day morning says :—" The King of Holland arrived
here yesterday at half-past 5 in the afternoon. His
Majesty had rather a long journey of it, having left
the Hague at half-past 2in the morning. The royal

.rain reached Cologne at 9, and the station of Jen•

mont, on the French frontier, at half-past 2, where

the imperial train was in waiting to carry him on.
Col. FavC, the Marquis de Conegliano, and the Mar-
quis de Caul received his Majesty at the frontier.
M. Lightenvelt, the Dutch Minister at Paris, and
M. Berg de Middelburg, Councillor of Legation,

were also in attendance there. The King was accom

panied by M. de Kock, Chamberlain ; Gen. Lynden,
Count Shouckaert de Schanburg,and Baron Dumon-

ccau, aides de-camp ; Capt. Van Capellen, of the
navy ; and M. Vollenhoven, Biugemaster of Amster-

dam. Count de Sartiges, the French Minister at the

Hague, was also with his Majesty. At a quarter•past
5 the Emperor, in the uniform of a general officer,
and wearing the Grand Cordon of the Order of the
Oaken Crown, arrived at the railway station at

Compiegne, accompanied by Generals Fleury and
Molard, his Aides de-Camp, and General Cleram-
bault. The Imperial train arrived in ten minutes
after. King William 111., a fine looking man, and
wearing his full beard, was in military uniform with
the Grand Cordon of the Legion of Honour. The
two Sovereigns, after having shaken hands in the
most cordial manner, presented to each other the
persons who accompanied them. The King and the
Emperor then entered alone one of the carriages
and four in waiting, and, escorted by a detachment
of the Guides, left for the Palace. General Claam-
bault and Baron de Bourgoing were on horseback
on either side. The crowd which had assembled
cheered their Majesties loudly. The Empress and
the Prince Imperial, with the Princess Mathilde
and the Princess Anna Murat, were in waiting
under the Grand Vestibule. Her Majesty wore
a blue dress, and the Prince the uniform of a Grena-
dier of the Guard. The King, in alighting from the
carriage, kissed her Majesty's hand and also em-
braced the young Prince. The Cent Gardes and
the Zouaves were drawn up in the Cour d'Honneur,
and a detachment of the former were stationed on
the steps of the grand staircase. After the first
salutations the King offered his arm to the Empress,
and the party ascended to the apartments. In the!
evening there was a grand dinner, to which the,
following guests were invited :--Princess Mathilde,'
with her Lady and Chevalier of Honour ; Prineel
Joachim Murat, Princess Anna Murat and her.
Gouvernante ; Marshal Randon, M. de Foreade La
Roquette, M. Delangle, M. Rouland, Count de
Chasseloup-Laubat, and Count Walewski, Ministers!
of War, Finance, Justice, Public Instruction, and;
State ; M. Magne, Minister without Portfolio; M.I
Baroche, President of the Council of State ; Marshals'
Valliant, Grind Marshal of the Palace ; M. Thou-1
venel, Minister of Foreign Affairs ; Marshal Mag-i
nan, Duke de Bassar.o, Duke and Duchess de Cam-
baceres, Princess d'Essling, Countess Walewski,
Madame Brunt, Gen. and Madame Fleury, Baron'
and Baroness Tascher de La Pagerie, Marquis
de Conegliano, Baron and Baroness de Bourgoing,
Baron and Baroness de Pierres, Dr. and Madame
Conneau, Baron de Montbrun, nulot,
Colonel
4Veriv, of the Cent. Gardes; Madame de ulcy,l
Gen. Mollard, and Count and Countess de Monte-
bello. This day there is to be a promenade in the
forest, and on' Monday a stag hunt, a grand dinner
at 7 o'clock, the euree by torch light at 9, and after-
wards a theatrical representatipaoetnr.tchi.eotounuTpiluaererisisde,sa.y
when't
()h ne
Kn
the fwweiSu sevrecreinignasnYwitlhledEinme
Wednesday a shooting excursion is to take place
at Versailles, and a breakfast in the forest. The
Emperor will return to Compiegne in the evening
and the King to Paris, where his Majesty will re-
main two days."
William 111., Prince of Orange-Nassau, Grand
Duke of Luxemburg, Duke of Limburg, was born
on Feb. 19, 1817. The King of Holland is the eldest
son of King William 11. and Anna Paulowna,
ter of the late Emperor Nicholas, and succeeded his
father on the 17th March, 1849, His Majesty mar.
ried, in 1839, Princess Sophia Frederica Matilda,
daughter of William 1., King of Wurtemberg.
The Progres de Oise of the 12th says ;
" Since the departure of the King of Per-...ra
from Compiegne the Emperor. tlac Bmpress, and
the Prince Imr .riat nave taken every afternoon an
excursion in the forest. On Thursday their Mai-
jesties went with M. de Roucy to Etienne, near
' Pierrefonds, to visit the vestiges of antiquities did,-
covered by that gentleman. On Friday the
fEhale;
press, accompanied only by seine persons
. o
bvusphold, went to Paris, even-
ing.andretrsnhcodtlinntthheepre
The Emperor this morning
serves of the forest, near Itoyalheu.'

n t-iedetfroers
atbsoevet.o Btuhte thsuerfeaxepee andl e even
bores not exceeding a diameter of from 20 to 30
Tl:I th aato o n
13yd oree 4 tn
cen-
timetres, yielding a supply of from 2,000 to 4,0'30
cubic metres of water per day. M. Kind came for-
ward with an offer to bore a well of a diameter of
60 centimetres, yielding 13,300 cubic metres at an
altitude of 25 metres above the highest point of the
Bois de Boulogne. Though limiting his promises to
the yield above stated, he declared his conviction
that it would reach 39,600 metres, an assertion
which most engineers considered exaggerated,
deeming it highly improbable that an increase in
the diameter would increase the supply. On Dec.
23, 1854, the works were resolved on, and the spot
chosen in the neighbourhood of the Bois de Bou-
logne, where the high temperature of the expected
column of water might be turned to aeeeunt: But
the enterprise was fraught with difficulties which
required the unflinching perseverance of M. Kind
to overcome, although out of the 5871 metres.which
constitute the depth of the new well there were
scarcely 30 offering any serious obstacle, and these
were situated iu the clay either above or below the
chalk stratum. On March 31, 1857, the bore had
already reached 528 metres, and water was hourly
expected, when suddenly the tube of sheet iron
which supported the clay was crushed by its pres-
sure at a depth of only 30 metres from the top:
This accident it took nearly three years to repair ;
a shaft of the depth of 53 metres had to be dug
close to the bore, through all the most dangerous
strata, and lined partly with sheet and partly with
cast iron and masonry. Its diameter was three
metres throughout the two-thirds of its depth, and
1.70 for the rest. It was a work of extreme diffi-
culty. Cast-iron tubes, of the thickness of 35 _milli-
metres (four-fifths of an inch) were starred or cracked
in all directions, as if they were mere glass. More
than once the workmen refused to risk their lives in
this work, and the city engineers 'hadie set the
example of personal courage. This stupendous
labour was not brought to an end before the 13th
December, 1859. The old orifice was then cleared,
and the boring recommenced, and continiicel without
any further accident to the depth of 550 metres,
when the tube, composed of wood strain' hooped
'with iren, and ending in a bronze pipe, two metres
of which were fitted into the wood, the remaining
twelve metres being free, stuck fast in such a way
as to render all further progress nearly hopeless.
However, M. Elie de Beaumont having, upon
a mature examination of the specimens brought up
by the borer, declared Neater to be close at hand, it
was resolved that the-bore should be continued with.
a small diameter, to be afterwards enlarged if neces-
sary. Water was foutid for the first time at 577 t
metres, but, as we know, remained a few metres;be-
low the level of the orifice. A_secend tubeorsheet-
iron 70 centimetres in diameter, two in thickness,
and 52 metres in length, 12 of which were loopholed
in order to let the water pass, was sunk and soon
stopped on the clay. The boring was now resumed,
to attain the largest diameter, until the 24th of
September last, when M. Kind saw not only his
promise fulfilled, but even his hopes to a certain ex-
tent realised. The bronze tube has remained where
it was, but the concentric one of sheet-iron has sunk
to 530 metres, M. Dumas here quotes M. Michel,
Inspector-General of the works of the city, who has
arranged in a table the, relative variations experi-
enced up to the 2d inst. in the yield of the two
wells of Passy and Grenelle; but on this scare
we have a later account stating that the
decrease in the lattei does not exceed one-fourth of
its yield prior to the 25th ult. On the 2d inst. that
of the well at Passy was 20,000 cubic metres in 24
hours. M. Dumas attributes the diminution of the

yield at Grenelle to a diminution of pressure, and is
inclined to believe that when the tube at Passy
shall have been brought to its normal altitude of 7t
metres above the level of the -sea, the yield at
Grenelle will again rise to its former figure or nearly
so. M. Elie de Beaumont has ascertained that the
strata traversed at Passy are nearly the eame as
those met with at Grenelle. As to the chemical
nature of the water at Passy, it seems, until further
analysis, to be nearly the same as that of Grenelle;
the temperature is also the same—viz., 28 &grecs
centigrade. Whether other wells may be bored
elsewhere in Paris without injury to the two exist-
ing ones,is a question which experience alone can
decide. The well of Passy has costnearly 1,000,000 f.,
an d will y ield water sufficient for the wants of 500,000
inhabitants.— Gatignani:

PERSECUTION FOR CONSCIENCE

SAAB.

Last evening a numerously-attended public
meeting was held in Fetter-lane Chapel, for the
purpose of protesting against, and denouncing the
conduct of, a bench of Berkshire magistrates, who
some weeks prosecuted and fined a ploughboy of
the name of Charles Winkworth, of Beedon, because
he would not attend the parish church at the bid-
ding of his master, the boy being a Protestant Dis-
senter.
The Rev. G. C. HARPER, the minister of the
chapel, presided, and stated that when this case was
first heard of through the newspapers it was consi-
dered by most people, especially by those about
London, to be a hoax, and that the newspapers had
been taken advantage of. But that was not so, for
it soon turned out to be real, and it was only one of
a class which a parcel of country magistrates were
determined to lay hold of for the purpose of sup-
porting, as they considered, the Established Church
by coercing the consciences of Dissenters by fine
and imprisonment. This youne•. man Winkworth
was a ploughboy, in service of a farmer at Bee-
don, in Berkshire. He was asked by his master to
attend the Established Church, but the young man,
being of a religious turn of mind, had been in the
habit of attending a dissenting place of worship,
and liked the form of worship at that place better
than that of the Established Church, and refused to
do so. The consequence was that on the application
of his master he was taken before the bench of ma-
gistrates and fined by them for his obstinate contu-
macy. One would think, on reading these few facts,
that they were living in Rome and not in England.
(Hear.) It was generallythought the days had gone
by when such a thing could he done, and that .the
old act of Elizabeth had become obsolete, but a state
of matters was displayed here which showed that it
was not. 'He saw in the large meeting before him
an omen for good, for while the young man now on
the platform had no great name or standing to re-
commend him to their notice, they saw that be-
neath his smock frock a great principle of religious
liberty existed, and had to be vindicated, and their
presence there showed „pat they were determined
to do so. (Cheers.)
The Rev. JOSEPH DREW, of Newbury, next ad-
dressed the meeting, and stated that, having exa-
mined into the case personally, he could corroborate
all that Mr. Harper had stated. The fine imposed
was 55., and 4s. 6d. costs, which he had to pay out
of 4s. a week ; and it was only by the interposition
of a kind-hearted individual, who paid the fine,
that he was saved the degradation of being sent to
prison, which, if the fine had not been paid, he most
assuredly would have been.
Mr. STEVENSON then moved a resolution to the
effect that, considering the character and spirit of
this prosecution, the present meeting is of opinion
that the time has come when the question raised by
such prosecution should be thoroughly discussed,
and, with such a view, a public meeting of the
friends of liberty should be convened in London
with as little delay as possible.
Mr. CHAMBERS having seconded the motion, it
was put from the chair, and carried with much
applause.
The boy, the subject of the prosecution, was pre-
sent on the platform, and created much interest.
He was in his smock-frock and rustic clothing, but
his clean and tidy and healthy aspect made
to pin'
object of much interest. It is intended
t:rdseenr to do
home again to his native place, and .
so a liberal collection was nisie on his behalf.

joke.distri etTahsraushyroeLvds
A ruling elx,, of .
a country parish in the west
He got many a visit by persons
call in order to have a little who like
of Sarso-d'°a
students gm
amuse-
ment at the elder's expense. On approaching him, one of
and r co.dy-w.eittheidm ma an.
Nblaisitewr,eollr ktonohweanr amgotohde
them saluted him, " Well, Father Abraham, how are you
to=day ?" " You are wrong," said the other, " this is old
Father Isaac ;" " Tuts," said the third, " you are both mis-
taken; this is old Father Jacob." David looked at the
young men, and in his own way replied, " I am neither
old Father Abraham, nor old Father Isaae;liior old Father
Jacob, but I am Saul, the son,of Kish, seeking his father's
asses, and to I I've found three o' them,"-2Zoniniscences
lof Scottish Zffe «nl Character.

TOYA, T. PRINCESS'S THEATRE.-
u Lessee and Manager. Mr. A. Harris.
THIS EVENING. JEANETTE'S WEDDING. Miss M.
Harris and Mr. H. Widdicomb.

After whieh, a new and original comedy, in five acts, writ-
ten byJohn Brougham, entitled PLAYING WITH FIRE ;
characters by Mr. John Bromham (his 17th appearance), Mr.
Ryder, Mr. 13. Widdicombe, Mr. G. Jordan (of the principal
theatres of the 'United States, his 17th appearance in Eng-
lind), Miss C. Leloiercq, and Mrs. Weston.

To conclude with LOVE AND MURDER. Mr. John
Br °wham.

'EW THEATRE-ROYAL, ADELPHI.-
Sole Proprietor and Manager, Mr. B. Webster.
Open for the Winter Season.
THIS EVENING, MUSIC HATH CHARMS. Messrs.
D. Fisher. Romer, Warde, Misses K. Kelly and Laidlaw.
Alter which (253 d time), THE COLLEEN BAWN. Mr
D. tionelcault, D. Fisher, Billington, S. Emery, Stephenson,
C. 3. Smith, Romer, Howard, Ward ; Mrs. Boueicanit, Miss
Woolgar, Mrs. Billington, and Mrs. H. Lewis.
'fooonclude with LOVE AND HUNGER. Messrs. Fisher,
Emery, C. J. Smith, Mrs. H. Marston, and Miss K. Kelly.
Doan open at half-past 6—Commence at 7.

(iANTERBURY HALL CONCERTS,
AND FINE ARTS GALLERY.
3i r. SAM COWELL every evening at Nine and a quarter
to .Eleven.

Also, Grand Selections from

TROVATORE, TICAVIATA, NORMA, MARTHA, &c.,
By Miss Russell. Miss Ernst, Mr. Herbert, Signor Tivoli
Mr. Morley, and a powerful Chorus.

The Comic department comprise% Messrs. Harvey and
French. " The Nerves "—Mr. Marshall—Mr. Wood and his
talented Son—and Miss 'Harriet Coveney.
Musical Director, Mr. Jonghmans.
Admission—Hall, M.; Stalls and Balcony, ls.

T H

E O X F O R D,
6, OXFORD-STREET.
EVERY EVENING.

SELECTIONS from Auber's New Comic Opera, "LA
CIRCASSIENNE," by Miss Ernst, Messrs. Greene, H.
Herbert, and the Company. And from Verdi's new Grand
opera, "Simon Boooancgra," by Miss Russell, Messrs.
C. Geville, Morley, Greene, and the Company. Full band and
chorus. Conductor, Mr. F. Jonghmans. Varied Comic
Entertainments by Mr. and Master Wood, Harvey and
French (The Nerves), Mr. E. Marshall, and Mr.W. Randall.
Hall, ed. ; Balcony and Stalls, Is ; Private Boxes, 10s. 6d.

HIGH WATER AT LONDON BRIDGE.

THIS DAY.—Morning, 12h. 68m.—Afternoon, lh. 18m.
To-mon.n.ow.-Morsing, lh. 34m.—Afternoon, lh. 50m.

THE WEATHER.—SuN Oman, OCTOBER 17, 1861.
THERMOMETER, IN THE SHADE.
67—highest since noon yesterday.
41—lowest this morning and during the night.
sG—this day at noon.

BA.Romatsß-30.36.
WlND—Northerly—light; with fine autumnal weather.

.cpkt
c, •
,44';'-litjg 1%4
; ---'"";.:SL?al•- •."
"

TOE SUN.

LONDON, THURSDAY, OCT. 17, 1861.

Russia must have enough on her hands at pre-
sent. At least three distinct discontents are
troubling her peace at the same time. The serfs,
from all that can be learned, do not accept peace-
fully and gratefully their new position. It was
no easy task to communicate safely the proposals
of the EMPEROR to a population so ignorant, so
few of whom could even read, and amongst whom
there was in consequence a strong tendency to be-
lieve that more was given by the CZAR than
their masters were prepared to concede. In many
districts the military hare been obliged to interfere
to preserve order ; but the estates, more like
counties many of them, are too large, and the
villages too scattered for military action, and
hundreds of the nobles will, it is said,
be beggared by the refusal of their for-
mer serfs to fulfil the duties of tenants, and
to pay their rents either in money or in labour. It
must in all probability be long ere the serfs and
their late proprietors settle down into amicable
relations, and again before the proprietors and the
Government are thoroughly friendly with each
other. Thousands of impoverished nobles and land-
lords will long regard the CZAR and his Court as
the cause of their ruin.

Poland seems to be quite unmanageable. Not
that there is any apprehension of armed insurrec-
tion. The Poles, like the Hungarians, have found
out a more effectual way. Their case has not indeed
all the advantages of the Hungarian one, but it has
still many'. It has the fundamental one that the
kingdom of Poland has not been dealt with accord-
ing to the stipulations of the treaty of Vienna, and
that its treaty rights are grossly outraged, but
above all that there is a vast population under the
dominion of Russia, flanked by portions of the same
kingdom in the hands of the other two thieves,
Austria and Prussia, which speaks Polish dialects,
and is animated by a strong feeling of common na-
tionality. The
Russian portion is now declared to
be .in a state of siege, or martial law. The reason
being that the inhabitants refuse to commit any
kind of disorder, but also refuse to cease asking the
the Government for very moderate Concessions of
clear rights which all tend to strengthen the national
principle, and to pre.Tent the Russian Tartars from
absorbing and amalgamating with themselves the
more civilised descendants of the ancient Sanaa-
tians. The Government, now a military one, is
obliged to descend to the most petty tyranny,'
to interfere with the dress of the people, and
with their songs and hymns, in order if
possible to prevent exhibitions of nationality, such
as putting on mourning and singing the national
hymn. Yet, do what they will, the inhabitants can
always baffle the authorities by fresh devices. At
Cracow, so infamously seized by Austria in clear
deffance of a solemn treaty, the Poles yesterday, it
being KosciusKo's anniversary, would close their
shops and the Bourse, although the authorities
required them to be opened. The military Bur-
rounded the churches and made numerous arrests,
but itould not hinder the passive manifestation of
public feeling. At Warsaw the same things were
done; boy ° •
he soldiers prevent it. We expect
to hear that
Russianttaili Poland will long continue
this passive rebellion
And
all of us will ardently
hope that they may continue it till that nationality

and freedom shall be conceded by the CZAR. He
ought, indeed, like his brother at -Vienna, to be only
too thankful that a nation, superior to his own, will
accept his sovereignty, if it be but governed consti-
tutionally.
To these two sources of disquietude the Russian
authorities have added a third. They have quar-
relled with the undergraduates, and, in a measure,
the profissors too of their Universities. The pro-
fessors lectured on economical and political sub-
jects, and the students held meetings for discussion,
and, most heinous of all, actually appointed a chair-
man and passed resolutions. It is hard for an Eng-
lishman to refrain from smiling, indeed from laugh-
ter, to think of a debating meeting of lads being
thought dangerous to the Government, and being
put down by violence. What would the mayors
even of our University towns care if the whole body
of students met and resolved that either absolutism
or republicanism were better than mixed govern-
ment. In Russia, however, public meetings are
illegal. However orderly and peaceful, they
would never do in Czardom, so even lads
playing at public meetings must be put
down at once, lest the future educated leaders of
society should acquire the habit of judging for
themselves, and influencing the judgment of others.
Hitherto the instruction has been given at the
Universities by a well appointed staff of professors,
gratis; this has attracted large numbers, and in a
country in which education was so much needed,
was probably a wise measure. When it was found,
however, that education made the less wealthy
classes who thus obtained it too intelligent and
liberal, it became an object to restrict it as much
as possible to the better-off classes, property being
found the best guarantee generally for the sub-
missiveness of its possessors. Hence a compara-
tively low charge was made—fifty roubles—about
£8 sterling for matriculation. The professors and
the students were both opposed to this. Liad the
real object been to make the University self-sup-
porting it would not probably have been so much
objected to, but it was well known that the inten-
tion was to render the students a more select class ;
and this was made pretty plain, by the rejection of
a plan of paying the amount, adapted to the cir-
cumstances of the poorer students.