The Sun.
London, England, 1859-09-08 00:00:00

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Now, dear sir, will you not,
as soon as you re-
ceive this, with your bright pencil, send a petition
to Sir John Bowring, Knight, Commander of Hong-
kong, to let her Majesty of England know that the
Chinese have been here afflicted ? Now that the
treaty is made and our empire is as hers, will she
not stretch out her strong arm and pull back the
oppressions ? If your bright pencil brings us relief
and liberty, will you not have done great and wisely ?
—Hoping God will prosper you in such a good
work, I remain your faithful friend,
" MING A CHING."

IKANCHESTE.R_UNITY OF ODD

FELLOWS.

NAPIER LODGE.—This lodge, of the North Lon-
don District, celebrated its anniversary on Tuesday
evening, at the Macclesfield Arms, City-road. Prov.
G.M. Filsell presided, and V.G. Ratcliffe occupied
the vice-chair, both discharging their duties 'with
very great credit. After the usual loyal- and
patriotic toasts, the " Manchester Unity and Board
of Directors" was received by the 80 members and
friends present with much enthusiasm, and P .G.M.
Roe, one of the directors, responded, informing the
meeting that this important order numbers new '
nearly 300,000 members, and was altogether mak-
ing favourable progress. During the year 1858 the
total payments made in sickness amounted to
£141,234, and the funeral monies £45,788 making
together £187,012. The income far exceeded this
sum, for after meeting all claims, the surplus capital •
of the society had increased by about £180,000.;
and the reserve at the commencement of this year
approached one million nine hundred thousand
pounds.

In proposing the "North London District" they
chairman, as its Grand Master, took occasion- to
explain its working as the largest branch of tllO-
- and stated its exact financial position
from the printed annual sheet in the hands of mem-
bers :—the benefits being 12s. weekly in sickness,
£l2 on the death of each member, and £6 at the
death of a wife, besides medical attendance, and
annuities to widows and children, all which a
young man could secure on paying Bd. per
week. " The Widows' and Orphans' Fund" was
responded to by P. G. Harris, who stated that up-
wards of £19,000 had been paid for benefits, and
that there was now in hand £B,OOO, and 300 widows
and 420 children were receiving the pension. "The
Napier Lodge" was of course drunk with the
honours of the order, and P.G. Jones, in acknow-
ledging it, said the lodge had now 114 members, of
the average age of 28 years, and its own capital
carefully saved and kept, of £720. The surgeon,
Mr. J. Oornelius, in returning thanks, stated the
members to be not only youthful but healthy ; and
expressed the pleasure he always felt in discharg-
ing his duties. "The Press" followed, represen-
tatives of the Daily Telegraph, Friendly Societies'
Journal, &c., being present, and was acknowledged
by Mr. G. F. Pardon, the editor of the Odd Fel-
lows' Magazine. "Mr. Notting, the secretary," and
other toasts, succeeded, and it was late ere the com-
pany rose, all however being highly pleased with
the good fare provided, and the excellent arrange-
ments made. The musical department was in charge
of Mr. T. Howard Harris, who with his professional
friends gave entire satisfaction.
NORTH LONDON.—On Monday a meeting of the
members of the Widow and Orphan Fund took
place at St. Martin's Hall. Owing to the laws of
this particular fund being enrolled under the now
obsolete Act of 1829, all the members subscribing
—about s,6oo—had been specially summoned,
and nearly 600 attended. It appeared that the
fund was established 20 years since, and its surplus
capital at the close of 1858 was £B,BOO, but some
energetic members not considering the contribu-
tit n paid by members sufficient, it was determined
to consult Mr. Finlaison, the Government Actuary.
The society's own experience was collected and
laid before that gentleman, and his report was
read to the meeting ; showing that the cunparison
of assets and liabilities proved beyond a doubt that
the surplus capital was more than £17,000 deficient,
to provide for the benefits assured ; viz : an annuity
of £4 lis to widows, and 12s. to children till 14.
Mr. Fiulaison advised that, instead of the annuity,
a sum certain should be paid at the death of present
members (120) and that instead of 6s. 6d. annually,
as at present, every future member subscribing for
the annuity should pay 135.; of course increasing
according to age, A lengthy discussion was en-
tered into, those present seeming to be very warm
upon the subject, and notwithstanding the lament-
able state of things for all who are interested in
the fund, a resolution was carried to adjourn the
further consideration of the matter for 12 months !
We understood this was defeated by a requisition
signed, calling another meeting forthwith, which
the managing committee are bound to do if any
seven members wish it. The last annual return of
the district funds is in circulation, and shows the
sick and funeral capital to be in strikingly favour-
able contrast with the Widow and Orphan Fund.
In 1858 the net increase of members in the 70
lodges forming the district was 407. The
amount of sick pay voted during the year was
£4,419. The deaths amongst the members were
96, and wives 50. The net increase of surplus capi-
tal was £3,739, and the district had at the com-
mencement of 1859, £46,457 property invested to
meet the wants of the then 7,185 members, whose
average was 35 years, and of whom about three-
fourths were married.

FRENCH RAIL WA YS.

M. Perdonnet, one of the directors of the Eastern
Railway of France, has just published a volume
entitled " Notions Generales sur les Chemins de
Fer," in which he gives the following statistical
details :—" The force of the locomotives at work on
the railways in France amounts to 450,000 steam-
horse power' working one day out of three, and
representing 1,900,000 ordinary horses, or 6,360,000
men working ten hours a•day. In the whole world
there is on railways steam power to the extent of
4,150,000 horses, and after the completion of the
lines now conceded, there will be 7,100,000. The
annual distance performed by the locomotives
on the whole globe is 884,790,000 kilometres
(t-ths of a mile each) or 22,119 times round
the globe and in a few years it will be
2,293,145,000 kilometres, or 57,329 times round
the earth, 6,882 times the distance from the
earth to the moon, and 15 times that from the earth
to the sun. Mr. Stephenson, calculating the num-
ber of passengers conveyed on the English railways,
and the saving of time which results from that
rapid mode of travelling, established that the value
of the time of a man being taken at 3f. 75c. a day,
England profited in one year 50 millions of frame.,
M. Perdonnet has made a similar calculation, and
finds • that the profits realised in France is
37,500,000 f. The number of persons employed on
the French railways is about 55,000, and in the
whole world it is 600,000. A great number of other
persons are, however, employed either directly or
indirectly by, the lines. The number of those who
derive their livelihood in France on the lines may
be estimated at half a million, and there is about
the same number in England. When the complete
French network shall have been completed, the
number will be nearly doubled. As to accidents,
M. Perdonnet proves that railways are of all modes
of communication the least dangerous, and he shows
it by. calculations. It results from an inquiry made
on this subject by the French Government that
since the first opening of railways in France, the
number of passengers killed, as compared to the
number carried, is 1 out of 1,955,555, and that of
wounded 1 out of 496,551 ; and that by the dili-
gences from 1846 to 1855 the killed 'was 1 out of
355,463, and the wounded 1 out of 29,171. In
Belgium, according to official documents, there was
in thirteen years and a half 1 killed out of 8,861,804,
and about 1 wounded out of 2,000,000. In the
Grand Duchy of Baden and in Prussia the propor-
tion still more in favour of railways, for in six
years' working there had been only' 1 out or, .
17,514,977 killed, and 1 out of 1,154,331 wounded.

Complaints are received from shareholders of the
Lombardo-Venetian Railway that they are not furnished
with information of its position and prospects. The excep-
tional condition of the country pending the settlement of
the territorial rights of Austria and Sardinia, and of the
financial liabilities which will fall to each, not only as re-
gards the national debt, but also all railway and other gua-
rantees, seems to furnish a sufficient reason for a short
pe-
riod of suspense. Meanwhile the traffic isi understoodocontinue :to present satisfactory features, an d_the gener
prospects of the line are, of course, unimpaired.
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