The Sun.
London, England, 1861-05-09 00:00:00

MAILS DUE.

Australia, Ceylon, and Mauritius (via South-
ampton) .. . •
Do. (via Marseilles) May 13.
Brazil and Cape Verds .. June 4:
Buenos Ayres, Monte Video, &c.
Cuba and Mexico .
.. May
Canada, &o. (via L'derry)
.. May 8
Cape of Good Hope &c. . • • . • June 1.
China, Penang, and Singapore (vial S'ampton) May 2.
Do (via Marseilles) May 13.
Gibraltar (via Southampton) .. • . .. May 11.
India (Calcutta), Ceylon, &c. (via Southampton) May 19.
Do. (via Marseilles) May 13.
India (Bombay), (via Southampton) .. May 11.
Do. (via Marseilles) .. .. May 20.
Lisbon .. . • May 11.
Malta, Egypt, and Aden (via Southampton) .. May 11.
Do. (via Marseilles) .. June 4.
Vigo, and Oporto .. .. May 11.
United States, California, &c. .. May 15.
Western Coast of Atrica, Madeira, Teneriffe .. May 10.
West Indies and Pacific, Carthagena, Cuba, &o. May 14.

TALE OF A SHARK.—The other day we heard the
following astounding narration from a son of the deep, and
remarkable as it is, we give it credence, on the ground that
the narrator was himself an eyewitness of the singular
scene. Somewhere about longitude 70 E. and latitude 35
S., the crew of a homeward-bound East-lndia merchant-
man caught what was supposed to be a largA basking
sham (selache mazima), a species very rare in the Indian
Ocean. On pulling it on deck it was struck on the head
repeatedly with a marline-pike, and when supposed dead
its mouth was gagged and the tail chopped off. It was
then opened up, and the heart and liver plucked out.
After lying for about an hour on deck, the animal was
heaved overboard, and on gaining its native element
(although its liver and heart were simmering in the cook's
copper) it revived, and swam away with its usual vigour,
apparently unaware of the loss it had sustained. Its move-
ments wero eagerly watched by the Jacks on board, until
a shark of another species coming from the stern seised it
and made off. We have often heard of the wonderful
tenacity with which the whole family of cartilaginous
fishes cling to life, but we have never seen recorded an in.
stance so extraordinary as the abeve.—Brechin Advertiser.

THE SEA AND THE LAND.—About 50 years ago,
when it was determined to erect a redoubt at Harwich, large
quantities of stone were dredged up and carried away from
the neighbourhood of the harbour—a proceeding which,
after a time, had the unexpected result of removing the
natural barrier to the stroke of the sea, and leaving the
sand and shingle to be driven along the beach and deposited
at the entrance of the harbour. Some years since the Go-
vernment determined to carry out a jetty for 800 yards to
stop this process, but only 500 yards were executed, and it
has now become manifest that the mischief is increasing-
Captain Washington, hydographer to the Admiralty, re-
ports that a large portion of Landguard east beach, includ-
ing two martello towers, built in 1808, and a part of a grave-
yard, has been swept away, while Landguard Point has ad-
vanced some 700 yards; and that the channel, in which
btherceh 6 deptha
above
hoi
high
h 4 2w feet
ater at
be lnogw a water,fiing isu pof G 0
a dry
ea GO feet
perpendicular—a rate of increase unknown, he believes, in
w: et
any other part of the British isles. The extension of Land-
guard Point, which has averaged 12 yards a-year for many
years, threatens in short to block up the entrance to this
important harbour, which is reduced now to a width of
little more than a cable's length. Now, Harwich must be
of great use in case of another North Sea war ; it is the
only sheltered port between Sheerness and the Humber in
which a coal depot could be safely moored ; it is the en-
trance to the fast increasing port of Ipswich ; it is also an
important strategical point in the defence of the country.
The north-eastern approach to the capital is one of the
least defended, and the most open to attack. Captain
Washington considers that the extension of the jetty would
no longer be efficacious, but he thinks a groyne in a dif-
ferent spot, about 300 yards in extent, and not costing
more than £lO,OOO or £12,000, would effect the object in
view. The subject has been referred by the Lords of the
Admiralty to the Treasury for consideration.

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o
f pileptiO
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lity, which rendered my life very
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r Harvey, Dr. Wurzer, Dr. Sh 1 d Dr.' MD., F.R.
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No canister is genuine without the name Barry Du Barry
and Co., 77, Reo•ent-strect, in full, on theseal and wrapper.
Shopkeepers who attempt impositionono..
inckea article
tins 1111).
expect to be distrusted in all others. 1"
22 a 241 b. 40s. The
2a• 9d.; 21b. 4s. 6d • Sib. 141-s • 121 b. - s' ; •
' ' . ' sent carriage free on receipt
121 b. and 241 b. ranist, rs are
Du Barry and Co., 77, Re.,
of Post-office older by Barry
Mason, and Co. • Abbit,
gent-street, London; •For,tni,n_apaida ;
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THE SUN.

LONDON, THURSDAY, MAY 9, 1861.

Were Mr. ROEBUCK found in his own house,
dead and lying in his own blood, no one would sus-
pect the most inveterate Tory Premier, England
could furnish, of complicity in the deed, much less
of being its prompter. The SOVEREIGN would never
be mentioned in connection with it, unless as the
grand avenger of the wronged. There is some-
thing, in times of suspicion, in undoubted character.
This is painfully illustrated just now the other way.
A frightful murder has been committed in Hungary.
Count TELEKI, whom the Saxon Government
handed over to Austria, the leader of the advanced
Liberals, a magnate who was entitled to sit in
the Upper Chamber, bat who preferred to accept a
popular election for the Lower House—is found
murdered in his own house.

It seemed to be hardly credited at First; the
melancholy news circulated about the city, but it
was confirmed at yesterday's sitting of the Lower
House by the President M. GHYCZY. We are
told that the riouso raised a cry of despair, and
that several ladies in the galleries were carried
away fainting. M. DEAN, the Venerab!e Minister
of Justice in 1848, a man of as much moderation as
firmness, "in a voice stifled by emotion," proposed
to adjourn the sittings of the House till the follow-
ing Monday—doubtless to give time for inquiry.
It is not to be wondered at that the city of Pesth is
much excited, for the Count was held in universal
esteem by all parties. What does it mean ? What
does it portend ?—is the universal inquiry. People
are not only shocked, but alarmed.

There is no denying the fact that not only in
Pestb, but -wherever the telegram comes from
which we publish this day, the question will be
asked,"'Was this an ordinary murder or suicide?"
It may be so. The report that it was suicide has
been put in circulation, but is not believed. 'Why
not ? There is but one answer. The Hapsburgs
and their Jesuit advisers of the day may be as in-
nocent as we are of the murder, if murder it be,
or it may be suicide; but the Hapsburg character
is one which makes suspicion of the Imperial
family the most natural. The family, we say, for
there is one female member of it as well as male
members, and favourite advisers, on whom suspicion
would rest as naturally as on any. What a melan-
choly thing that a House should reign over the
country which the old school of English Statesmen
are disposed to pet and dandle as a useful ally to
England—of whom this horrid suspicion is not
out of place. The dynasty which could be guilty
of the horrid atrocity of setting the Gallician pea-
sants to murder their nobles and reward them for
doing it, is not wronged by being suspected of the
murder of Count TELEKI. Yet this is the house
to which our Court, our Prime Minister, and our
Foreign Secretary cling ; the House whom they
seek to help by sending them to our law courts,
instead of repelling them as they deserve.
We may reason to show that the suspicion
is an improbable one ; but what a state of things
when considerations of expediency and policy must
be adduced to make it likely that a Sovereign, his
family and advisers, are not guilty, directly or
indirectly, of a dark deed of assassination. It may
be said that it was not for the interest of the
monarch just now, and while he was promulgating
his constitutional schemes, to commit a deed, or
incur the suspicion of committing one, which
would make all the assemblies distrust him. But
who can answer for the workings of irkpaßußG
minds. Their whole history and practice has made
them feel so much more at home in relying on craft
and cruelty, that even if for a short time they had
really supposed liberality and frankness best for
their interests, a lapse into their hereditary moral
lunacy, and a resort to cunning and the dagger, was
not only possible, but likely at any moment. It
might appear, to this " judicially blinded" race,
that for all the members of the Diets to meet and
debate under the impression that their lives were
not secure in their own houses, if their opinions
and speeches thwarted those of the EMPEROR, would
be the shortest course to convert the Diets into tools
of the Government. A reign of secret terror,
through the forms of liberty, might seem to the
HAPSBURGS and Jesuits the surest way to success ;
and it -might well be that only one or two were
admitted to this secret counsels of the first conspira-
tor.

Whatever the truth of the cab. 4urns out to be
it will not turn aside the force of these rt
Be tho detestable dynasty as innocent as it may in
this particular case, the bare fact that all Europe
will feel it not unnatural to suspect the worst of it,
is enough. If they are innocent it will yet remain
true that they did in Gallicia even darker and
more atrocious deeds than this. It will also be
true that they were guilty of treachery quite as
bad in liungary itself. How can we wonder at
any suspicion amongst a people, whom the HArs-
BURGS were paying the savage Jellachich to attack,
while yet unprepared, from Croatia, at the same
time as they were denouncing him as a traitor to
blind the Hungarians. We could readily believe

that such a race could even plot, by the murder of
the Count, to create an insurrection, in Hungary
and thus to find a shameless pretext for relieving
tself of all its difficulties in the blood of the
le.

When we penned the few remarks of yesterday
on the conduct of Prussia in the affair of Captain
MACDONALD, the note of Baron SCLEINITZ had not
been published. So far as his expression of the re-
gret of the Prussian Government goes, we are
ready to accept it; but it is regret that an unplea-
sant affair should have occurred, not that its officials
and despotic laws had been the occasion of it. The
Count terms the reproaches of the Prussian Govern-
ment and laws by Lord PALMERSTON " ground-
less." We may excuse the Minister of Prussia for 4
writing thus, officially ; but it is impossible to
doubt that like GALILEO after having written what
his position exacted from him, he turned round to
his Secretary and observed, that the reproaches,
however, were but too well grounded. He does
not deny that the Government lawyer was per-
mitted to revile the English people ; that the Cap-
tain was treated as no human being merely accused
of a most trivial delinquency, of which too he was
substantially innocent, ought to be treated by any
laws of any country ; he does not deny that the
Englishmen at Bonn could be convicted for merely
protesting, in really moderate terms against
the language of a public reviler of their
country ; and that they escaped punishment.
only through the incidental circumstance of an
amnesty; all these things are undeniable. He is
only troubled that Lord PALMERSTON should cha-
racterise Prussian laws and Prussian administration
as they deserve, where the report of what he said
will be read and believed all over the world.

It is indeed time for Prussia to mend her ways.
It seems, from letters which the MACDONALD af-
fair has elicited, that the English traveller finds
Prussia a very nest of rude bearish officials, who
treat travellers as intrudeas rather than guests ;
and that too at a time when France is taking a
course the very reverse. Englishmen must, we
presume, go there sometimes, but after all they
have heard, they will probably select, when travel-
ling for amusement or relaxation, routes and coun-

tries where their presence is welcome. Perhaps
we may look for amendment, however, from the
complaints of Prussian innkeepers, since they, we
are told, charge an Englishman 24 groschen for his
dinner, when a German pays but 17 or 20.

For once a bill of some importance has been
read a second time on a Wednesday. True, in-
deed, to the traditions of the day, the house re-
jected or got rid of two, and of a third by the
now popular practice of " talking out ;" but the one
which found mercy was not merely a humane
bill, but an enabling bill for landlords, and hence
though it is said to require many amendments in
committee, these were not made a reason for re-
jecting the " Labourers' Cottages Bill," proposed
for a second reading by Sir L. PALK.

The hon. member had no difficulty in collecting
some shocking stories of demoralisation consequent
on over-crowding-of the sleeping apartments of the
poor ; he adduced ample proof that the evils which
Lord SHAFTESBURY has so exerted himself to
remedy were by no means confined to great cities.
And all who have lived in the country and taken
the least interest in relieving the wants of the poor,
must be well aware that their children when
approaching, and after having reached, maturity are
exposed to habits which must destroy all feeling of
modesty, and which we should shudder to think
of in our our homes. Nor should it be forgotten
that a room may be close and unhealthy as well in
the country as in the town ; overcrowding in a rus-
tic thatched cottage with'roses and creepers at its
door, is as deadly a foe to health as it is in the cen-
tre of London. And if the day compensates in a
measure for the night, it is only in a small mea-
sure. The night is indeed the time when the
greater injury is sustained from a close atmosphere ;
one which has served again and again the purposes
of respiration. If, therefore, Lord RAYNHAM'S Bill
for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals had to be
withdrawn, we must be thankful that a bill enabling
landlords to be humane to animals of the class
binzana was not rejected.
It should be remembered, however, that the only
difficulty which needs legislation in this case is that
created by landlords themselves. But for the prac-
tice of entailing estates, each proprietor could im-
prove the estate as he pleased, not only in regard to
draining, but in respect to building cottages or any
other, outlay upon it which he thought would in-
crease its value. It is needless, however, to enter
now on the question of entails. They may be and are
amongst the greatest remaining barriers to agricul-
tural improvement, but the pride of our aristocracy
will long uphold the system. While it exists.
however, the Government cannot do better than
give to the tenant for life the utmost possible liberty
in regard to undoubted permanent improvements.
-Its object in respect to these should be to place
him as much as possible in the position of a pro-
prietor in fee simple. The heir cannot be wronged
by bearing his portion of a charge which brings
him a handsome increase of rental, or which sub-
stantially improves the estate and increases its
market value.

Lord ELGIN is now receiving the thanks of his
fellow-countrymen. These are among his most
cherished consolations. They compensate him, these
cordial recognitions of great duties done, for all the
hardships endured by him during his successive
expeditions. They are sweeter to the heart of a
patriot than all the courtly rewards in the gift of
the SOVEREIGN. Those will doubtless follow in
due time ; but in the meanwhile Lord ELGIN is
receiving from all ranks and classes of his fellow
subjects the evidences of their unaffected apprecia-
tion of his skill, and courage, and perfect self-abne-
gation as a diplomatist, as the representative at the
other extremity of tke globe of our Gracious
QUEEN, as the responsible agent and
emissary of her MAJESTY'S Government. Scarcely
had he landed upon th; shores of his native land
once more when the people of Dover, headed by
their Chief Magistrate, at the head of the Local
Corporation, were there to accord him welcome
homewards. Hardly had he arrived in his ancestral
haunts when he was hailed with affectionate enthu-
siasm by the inhabitants of Dantermline. Parlia-
ment had, as a matter of course, anticipated his
coming back by the ardent avowal of its profound
sense of the value of his latest achievements. And
so likewise, for that matter, had all sections
of English
Among the most popular
of our public men
has now for a long while
lish ournalism.
been recognised tha Right Hon. the Earl of ELGIN
ana ITTVCIARDINE. But a few days have recently
elapsed since the noble lord was complimented in
a very
departmen
ts,
the foremost men of our age in all depa
a
signal manner at a gathering of some of
great statesmen, administrators, diplomatists,
authors, painters, lawyers, Allusion
and so forth.
being here made, of course, to the annual banquet
given to her MAJESTY'S Ministers, and to other
distinguished celebrities, bythe Royal Academicians.
There—at that last Royal Academy
Banquet—it
r
will be remembered that the President, Sir
.../lIARLES
EASTLAKE at an early hour of the evening went out
of his usual track in proposing toasts to his gutlts for