The Sun.
London, England, 1861-06-05 00:00:00

THE SUN, LONDON, WEDNESDAY EVENING, JUNE 5, 1861.

INTERNATIONAL EXHIBITION, 1862.—At
a Preliminary Meeting of intending Metropolitan Ex-
hibitors, held at the Mansion House, on Tuesday' the 28th
ult., on the invitation of the Right Hon. the LORD MAYOR,
who presided, the following Resolutions were submitted and
agreed to nem. con. :
lst. Proposed by Sir Thomas Maryon WilsOn, Bart., seconded
by Mr. Hunt, of Messrs. Hunt and Roskell,
That in order to promote a full representation in the Inter-
national Exhibition of the present state of the numerous
Metropolitan Industries, which are detailed in the list pub-
lished by her Majesty's Commissioners, to allot space among
Metropolitan Exhibitors, and generally to advise her Ma-
jesty's Commissioners it is expedient that intending Exhi-
bitors should form themselves into Trade Committees for
each of the classes and sub-clagses of the Exhibition not al-
ready assigned to any National Committee
2d. Proposed by Mr. P. Graham, seconded by Mr.
Thornthwaite,
That to facilitate business, each Trade Committee elect a
Sub-committee of Management, to consist of three persons.
3d. Proposed by Mr Crace, seconded by Mr; Huber,
That the Right Hon. the Lora Mayor be requested to allow
a general meeting of the Ex iyibitorr, to be held at the Mansion
House when convenient to his Lordship, and that the Society
of Arts be requested to allow the use of the Great Room in
the Adelplai for the meeting of. the Trade Committees.
4th. Proposed by Mr. De la Rue, seconded by Mr. Vignoles,
That the best thanks of this Meeting be given to:the Right
Hon. the Lord Mayor for the use of the Mansion House on
this occasion, and for the ability with which he has presided;
and to Mr. Cole for the valuable'actvice he has rendered to
this meeting.

TEE CIVIL WAR IN AMEBIC/I;

(From the Special Correspondent of the Times.)
NEW YORK, MAY 22.

Washington, Norfolk, Harper's Ferry, Cairo, and
Pickens are still the points of interest. The Mili-
tary. Department of the Government is quite as re-
ticent, or even more so, as the Civil Departments
were before the breaking out of the war. In the
face of a vigorous enemy, well officered, occupying
a hostile country, and ready to profit by any mis-
take or by any premonition, such a course is very
wise, and indicates an unusual amount of statesman-
ship. Yet from the ditiposition of the troops it is
not impossible to draw a conclusion as to the inten-

•
tions of Gen. Scott. The force at Washington has
been changed within the week by adding to it. A
regiment has been sent on from Maine and two ad-
ditional ones from New York—the 2d and 14th—
both Militia regiments, and the latter from the
town of Brooklyn, the Southwark and Lambeth of
New York. Both these regiments go with full
numbers, and the second after a fortnight's camp
duty at the battery. A regiment has also arrived
there from Michigan. The New York Bth, that
has been stationed at the Relay-house, on the
Baltimore and Ohio Railway, has returned to Wash-
ington, and I think there have been some reinforce-
ments from Pennsylvania. This increase to the very
effective' force that was stationed at Washington
before would seem to indicate an intention to move
forward when the troops are in a sufficient state of
discipline, and when the arms of the service shall
be made sufficiently effective. As if to strengthen
that opinion, the Government have ordered 14 re-
giments to be taken into service from New York
alone, nine of which are to go at once to Fort Mon-
roe, the remainder to Washington. The 24 and
14th, already there, are a part of this new levy.
The others, with the exception of the 55th, or
French Regiment of New York, are all newly-re-
cruited regiments, enlisted for the war. This will
make about 15,000 troops sent on by the city of
New York alone for the war, in addition to about
8,000 militia sent on for the defence of the capital,
who will return in the course of the next 60 days,
now that a regular army is to be recruited. The
enlistments and the organization of regiments are
still going on, notwithstanding a jealousy else-
where at the fact that so many troops have been
taken from New York to the exclusion of the
country, and it is supposed by the Union Defence
Committee that by the 10th of June 45,000 men will
have been enlisted, clothed, and equipped, and sent
off to the war from New England and the State of
New York.

The large force to be concentrated at Fort Mon-
roe is to be under the cdmmand of Gen. Butler, of
Massachusetts, and it is supposed that they will,
when ready, have orders to operate offensively upon
Norfolk and the Navy-yard.

The little information we get from Fort Pickens-
seems to show that the rebel force is increased, and
that before long Gen. Bragg will begin the bombard-
ment. The channel between Pickens and the main
land is now completely obstructed, so that the fleet
cannot come up to take part in the action, and the
garrison of Pickens will have to handle alone the
guns of M‘Rae, Barrancas, and the miles of sand
bag batteries erected between them on the main
shore. The Government engineers had a plan of
cutting a ship channel across the island, so as to let
the fleet in to the rear of Pickens, without passing
the hostile batteries, but I suppose it was found im-
practicable, as I have seen no evidence that it has
been undertaken:

Cairo is now considered strong enough to resist
any force which the rebels are likely to bring against
it. The neutrality of Kentucky, if preserved, would
prevent an attack from that State. The Government
feel no fears as to that point. The news from Har-
per's Ferry is conflicting, but the accounts, when
collated, seem to show that there is a large Seces-
sion force in the neighbourhood, not well armed,
under little discipline, and badly fed. They have
once or twice made demonstrations, as if they would
move into. Pennsylvania. That State is collecting a
large force in its camp in that region, and will be
abundantly able to protect itself against any attack,
whether organised or guerilla in its character.
Ohio, too, is collecting her troops into camp. One
camp is near Cincinnati, another at Columbus, in
the interior. Thus the whole line from Fort Monroe,
by the Potomac, through Washington, across to the
Pennsylvania line to Wheeling, then down the Ohio
to Cairo, thence up the Mississippi to St. Louis,
and across the northern part of that State to Kansas,
at its mouth, is now effectually guarded by a force
that in the aggregate (I can only give round num-
bers) amounts to from 80,000 to 100,000 men, already
mustered into regiments and undergoing a thorough
military instruction in drill and evolutions. When
you remember that it is only five weeks the day
before yesterday since the President threw himself
upon the loyalty of the country, and issued his pro-
clamation calling out this force, you will be able to
appreciate the magnitude of this great uprising and
the determination and patriotism displayed in it.
If the space assigned me in the columns of the
Times could be used for such purposes, I could fill
many of them with instances of patriotism and self-
sacrifice that daily come to my knowledge from all
parts of the country, especially from the quiet staid
Puritans of Massachusetts, who are now, almost
without an exception, organised into companies and
regiments,irrespective of age and station, so as to be
ready when called upon—displaying a depth of reso-
lution quite as impressive as the more jubilant en-
thusiasm of New York.

The Government are gaining by every day's de-
lay. In the military department they are collecting
their materials of war, completing their commis-
sariat, organising their hospitals, and getting their
men in fighting order, while it is believed that the
Secessionists are losing by delay, that they have
not the means to maintain large forces of men
together in an organised army, and that, if a fight
between the new levies can be avoided, the autumn
will show a Northern superiority that will be over-
whelming. Politically too the Government are pro-
fiting from the same cause. The same vigorous course
Missouri, the State
to organise a mill
State interest maturing
tLathatergy Legislature
loaavr
tceuedrbeyr Marylandepudhaving
iat hasng tsavedhe s undertakent
in July for the purpose of eventual Secession.
General Harney, in command of the Govern-
ment forces at St. Louis, has issued the following

proclamation :-
6, To THE PEOPLE OF THE STATE OF MISSOURI.
tt Military Department of the West,
St. Louis, May 14.
" On my return to the duties of the command of this de..
partment, I find, greatly to my astonishment and mortifi-
cation, a most extraordinary state of things existing in this
the United States, as well as the governmental and other
State, deeply affecting the stability of the Government of
interests of Missouri itself.
" As a citizen of Missouri, owing allegiance to the United
States, and having interests in common with you, I feel it
my duty as well as privilege to extend a warning voice to
my fellow citizens against the common dangers that threaten
us, and to appeal to your patriotism and sense of justice to
exert all your moral power to avert them.
at-
tention to the recent act of the General Assembly of Mis-
souri,known
th
as
regret
the that I
Military
fe feel
Bill,
my duty to call your
which is the result, no
doubt,l i s w
of the temporary excitement that now pervades the
public mind. The bill cannot be regarded in any other light
than an indirect secession ordinance, ignoring even the
forms resorted to by other States. Manifebtly its most ma-
terial provisions are in conflict with the constitution and
laws of the United States. To this extent it is a nullity, and
cannot and ought not to be upheld or regarded by the good
citizens of Missouri. There are obligations and duties rest-
ing upon the people of Missouri under the constitution and
laws of the United States which are paramount, and which
I trust you will carefully consider and weigh well before you
will allow yourselves to be carried out of the Union under
the form of yielding obedience to this Military Bill, which
is clearly in violation of your duties as citizens of the United
States.

" It must be apparent to every one who has taken a pro-
per and unbiassed view of the subject that, whatever may
be the termination of the unfortunate condition of things in
respect to the so-called Cotton States,' Miseourimust share

the destiny of the Union. Her geographical position, her
soil, productions, and, in short, all her material interests
point tothis result. We cannot shut our eyes against this
controlling fact. It is seen, and its force is felt throughout
the nation. So important is this regarded to the great irate-
rests of the country, that I venture to express the opinion
that the whole power of the Government of the United
States, if necessary, will be exerted to maintain Missouri in
her present position in the Union. I express to you, in all
frankness and sincerity, my own deliberate conviction,
without assuming to speak for the Government of the United
States, whose authority, here and elsewhere, I shall at all
times and under all circumstances endeavour faithfully to
uphold.

6' I desire, above all things, most earnestly to invite my
fellow-citizens dispassionately to consider their true inte-
rests as well as their true relation to the Government under
which we live, and to which we owe so much.
" In this connexion I desire to direct attention to one
subject which, no doubt, will be made the pretext for more
or less popular excitement. I allude to the recent transac-
tion at Camp Jackson, near St. Louis. It is not proper for
me to comment upon the official conduct of my predecessor
in command of this department, but it is right and proper
for the people of Missouri to know that the main avenue of
Camp Jackson, recently under command of General Frost,
had the name of Davis, and a principal street of the same
camp that of Beauregard ; and that a body of men had been
received into thatcamp by its commander, which had been
notoriously organised in the interests of the Secessionists,
the men openly wearing the dress and badge distinguishing
the army of the so-called Southern Confederacy. It is also
a notorious fact that a quantity of arms had been received
into the camp which were unlawfully taken from the United
States' arsenal at Baton Rouge, and surreptitiously passed
up the river in boxes marked marble.'
"Upon facts like these, and having in view what occur-
red at Liberty, the people can draw their own inferences,
and it cannot be difficult for any one to arrive at a correct
conclusion as to the character and ultimate purpose of that
encampment. No Government in the world would be en-

titled to respect that would tolerate for a moment such openly
treasonable preparations.
"It is but simple justice, however, that I should statethe
fact that there were many good and loyal men in the camp
who were in no manner responsible for its treasonable cha-
racter,

" Disclaiming as I do all desire or intention to Intel fere in
any way with the prerogatives of the State of Missouri, or
with the functions of its executive or other authorities, yet
I regard it as my plain path of duty to express to the people
in respectful but at the same time dee'cled language, that
within the field and scope of my command and authority
the ' supreme law' of the land must and shall be main-
tained, and no subterfuges, whether in the forms of legisla-
tive acts or otherwise, can be permitted to harass or oppress
the good and law abiding people of Missouri. I shall exert
my authority to protect their persons and property from
violations of every kind, and I shall deem it my duty to
suppress all unlawful combinations of men, whether formed
under pretext of military organisations or otherwise.

" W. S. HARNEY,
" Brigadier-General United States' Army, commanding."
The Governor of Kentucky has done his best to
drag'that State into the rebellion ; but, finding,
himself unable to do so openly, he now issues a pro-
clamation of neutrality, in which, after reciting the
desire of the people of Kentucky to occupy a posi-
tion of neutrality, with a view of becoming media-

tors, he says :
"Now, therefore, i hereby notify and warn all other
States, separate or united, especially the United and Con-
federate States, that I solemnly forbid any movement upon
Kentucky soil, or occupation of any post or place therein
for any purpose whatever, until author4ed by invitation or
permission of the legislative and executive authorities. I
especially forbid all citizens of Kentucky, whether incorpo-
rated in the State Guard or otherwise, making any hostile
demonstrations against any of the aforesaid sovereignties,
to be obedient to the orders of the lawful authorities, to re-
main quietlyand peaceably at home when off military duty,
and refrain from all works and acts likely to provoke a col-
lision, and so otherwise conduct themselves that the deplor-
able calamity of invasion may be averted ; but meanwhile
make prompt and efficient preparation to assume the para-
mount and supreme law of self-defence, and strictly of self•.
defence alone."

My information leads me to believe that when
the time for action comes the people of Kentucky
will not be satisfied with such a milk-and-water
position. They are, as a people, loyal to their flag
and to the traditions of their country, and when
Colonel Anderson comes among them with a Fede-
ral commission I shall look for a generous support
for him in that State. But I do not think that he
will be called upon to do more with his troops than
preserve the peace of that State, and perhaps, after
that is done, aid the Union men of Tennessee, who
are organising, and promise to make a good show
at the vote on Secession to be taken in July. From
Western Virginia we have nothing new since the
sailing of the Saturday's packet. They await the
vote of to-morrow before moving further :than they
have already done. The Administration have ad-
vices from all parts of the South, even from Mis-
sissippi, Georgia, and Alabama, of a Union party
ready to show itself whenever the opportunity shall
offer. This is one reason why they have not dis-
continued the mails in the seceded States. Strange
as it may seem, the mail service in the South is
still performed until the contracts made with the
Federal Government.

The blockade is now rigorously enforced in all
the Atlantic ports. A notice of 15 days was given
to all foreign vessels in port to depart with a cargo
on board, or contracted for at the date of the notice.
The time has now expired, and all vessels attempt-
ing to force the blockade become prizes if taken.
It is said that the Chesapeake is covered with the
prizes (all small coasters) already taken in those
waters.

The Washington correspondent of the Herald
furnishes that paper this morning with the follow-
ing item, which I cut from it, without vouching for
the accuracy of the information :

" It appears that more than a month ago our Government
gave notice to the Powers of Europe who took part in the
Congress of Paris in 1856 that they were willing to accept
the code they adopted at that period, which declared pri-
vateering to be piracy. How, then, will it be possible for
England, one of the Powers in question, to refuse to accept
the unqualified offer of our Government to adopt their own
code? And how will it be possible for her after this, to
treat the rebel States simply as belligerents, however plaint
may be the opinions of the legal advisers of the Crown ? Is
England disposed to become the patron and partaer of
pirates, for such her laws pronounce privateers to be ?
This timely act of our Government places England in a
false and untenable position if she persists in regarding the
privateers of the South merely as belligerents."
There would seem to be very good reason why the
Government should pursue this course, if it has not
already done so. Englishmen should remember
that the Cabinet which refused to become parties to
the declaration of the Congress of Paris was the
Cabinet of Mr. Pierce, and that Mr. Jefferson Davis
was the leading spirit in that body. The Chair-
man of the Senate Committee of Foreign Relations
at that time was Mr. Mason, of Virginia, a Seces-
sionist from the beginning, under whose engineer-
ing Virginia has been carried out of the Union.
The position of the United States' Government of
that day was taken with reference to the possibility
of the rebellion of 1860-61 happening in 1856-7, in
case Mr. Fremont should be elected president in-
stead of Mr. Buchanan. And if the present
Government, under the inspiration of northern and
commercial views, sees fit to change its policy, no-
thing can be more natural.
The Government made a bold stroke throughout
the north the day before yesterday. At a given
hour all the telegraph offices in the leading towns
were occupied, and the officers took possession of
the manuscripts of all the telegrams sent South for
a year past. These are-to be examined in the pre-
sence of the officers of the telegraph companies ;
those of a private or commercial character to be at
once restored, and those of a political character re-
tained. The possession of such a mass of material
gives the Government a good guarantee for the
quiet behaviour of suspected and disaffected per-
sons.
The Union Defence Committee of New York,
having by their efficiency done much to preserve the
institutions of the country at a time when the arm
of authorized authority cwas paralyzed, are now
about resigning their extraordinary powers back to
the people who called them into life. Preparatory
to doing so they publish an account of the disburse-
ments of the fund provided by the city of New York
for the relief of soldiers and their fain ilies. They have
paid for arms and ammunition 155,:179 dole ; for sub-