The Sun.
London, England, 1866-01-06 00:00:00

THE SUIS, LONDON,_SATUROAY EVENING-, JANUARY 6, 1806.

accordant with their views that property should be
• secured and personal rights respected. The public
I at large, however, are beginning to discover that
he ob jects of such politicians are by no means with
the national interests, and if America is to resume
her old position and to go on in the course of enter-
prise and prosperity in which she formerly made
such rapid progress it must be by resuming as much
as possible the old system, and cannot be accom-
plished by the possible subjection of half the nation
to the other half. As this conviction becomes more
generally felt, the Radical party will lose more and
more the influence and the prominence which they
have claimed since the conclusion of the war, and
the truth, that if the Southern people are expected
to be obedient to the Washington Government
they must be allowed the exercise of their consti-
tutional rights, will be readily acknowledged.
We have already learned that Mr. JOHN-
SON has replaced the Provisional Governors
of Alabama and South Carolina by the
Governors elect, thus freely granting to the
people the recognition of their right of self-govern-
ment. The Governor of South Carolina, the State
which of all others was supposed to be the very
focus of secession, telegraphed to President JOHN-
SON, as soon as he assumed office, to assure him of
his fixed purpose to aid in upholding the Federal
laws. It generally proves to be the same in poli-
tical as in religious feuds. Persecution encourages
resistance, and unless it is possible for the aggressor
to crush his opponent by superior force he is cer-
tain to fail in subduing him. A wise concession,
and a temperate and conciliatory spirit on the other
hand, frequently tend to reconcile the greatest
seeming differences, and, at all events, to suspend
that open opposition which is inimical to the inte-
rests of both sides.

The PRESIDENT has now taken another step in
the same direction, and has removed the Provi-
sional Governors of North Carolina and Mississippi,
directing the Governors elect to assume office, so
that four of the principal Southern States are now
restored to a regular footing. This will tend

greatly to encourage confidence and to promote
loyalty, and will strengthen the PRESIDENT'S
position by showing that the tendency of his policy
is to restore the welfare and prosperity of all classes
of the community, not to elevate any one party or
faction at the expense of the rest.

The next thing to consider is the right of the

Southern Representatives to admission into Con-
gress, and it does not seem easy to understand on
what grounds these Representatives can be refused
admission to the popular Assembly. If the
Southern States are sufficiently within the
Union as to admit of their being go-
verned by laws framed in Washington, and
discussed within the walls of Congress, if they are
sufficiently within the pale to be answerable to the
Federal Government they have certainly the right,
unless they are to be kept in a position of political
bondage, to send representatives to assist in the
deliberations which frame the laws they are to obey.
The brief sitting which has just terminated enabled
the Radicals by a clever trick to exclude the 85
members which the Southern States had sent up to
Washington, but a great nation like America
cannot allow its Government to be conducted on a
system of political tricks and shuffles. Either the
Southern members have a claim to admission, or
the South is to be kept in that state of intolerable
subserviency, which the Americans so loudly de
nounced when forced by the despots of the Old
World on intelligent and high-spirited peoples
This is the question really at issue, and, in spite of
the thunders of Mr. SU3INER and the devices of
Mr. STEVENS, it is in this aspect that it will present
self to every unprejudiced and intelligent Am -
The removal of the Provisional Governors
'rom five of the Southern States leaves no excuse
'or the exclusion of the Southern representatives,
and we earnestly Lope that reason and justice will
have won the day, and that at the reassembling of
the Congress the Radicals will have found it neces-

can.

sary to abandon their extravagant pretensions, since
they have no longer the support of the moderate
Republicans, and most assuredly no encouragement
from popular sympathy on either side of the
Atlantic.

before yesterday in a very curious manner. He
was making out his accounts in his office when a
sudden noise caused him to raise his head. On the
wall over his desk were suspended some Indian war
instruments, an axe, a tomahawk, and other
weapons. The axe fell in such a manner as to
penetrate his skull. He was able to call for assist-
ance, but he survived only a very short time.
A theatrical journal of a peculiarly novel character
is in course of organization under the direction of
the actors of a new Rifle theatre on the boulevard
des Italiens, called the Theatre des Parisiens. The
title of the paper is to be the Gazette des Parisiens.
The idea is to give a record of the events of the day,
and to puff establishments, not like an advertise-
but in theatrical style. here is a specimen
of the mode in which this is to be carried out :

Othello--You have deceived me, perfidious Des-
demona ; you have been supping at —, the only
establishment where real turtle soup is to be had.
Desdemona—My sweet lord, I am calumniated.
The Racahout des Arabes and the diet so recom-
mended for children is not more pure than I.
Othello—l see the traces of criminal kisses on thy
lips. Desdemona—lt is only the chocolate of —,
the house where the best chocolate is sold. The
changes are thus rung upon various articles recom-
mended by advertisers in a playful style. Eventu-
ally Desdemona is supposed to be suffocated with a
pillow purchased at an establishment remarkable for
the cheapness and excellence of the bedding sold
there. The project is a humorous one, but it is
gravely announced as certain to be carried into
execution.

LA TEST INTELLIGENCE.

(REUTER'S TELEGRAMS.)

TURKEY.

CONSTANTINOPLE, JAN. 5, 4.55 p.m.

Kiani Pasha, Governor of the Public Debt, has
been named Grand Customer. Mehemet Ruchdi
Pasha, Intendant of the Evkafs (property dedicated
to the Mosques), has been appointed Minister of
Finance.

Nedjeb Effendi has been transferred from the
Customs to the Evkafs.

FRANCE.

Bour SE, Jan. 5, Two o'clock.—English Consols
are again telegraphed with a decline of per cent.,
which, with the rate of discount augmented one per
cent. both here and in London, and the large deli-
very of shares which has taken place during the
" settlement," will fully account for the present de-
pressed state of the market and the depreciated
quotations current on Stocks and Shares. Three
per Cents., which opened at 68f. 20c., are now at
68fr. 30c.—a fall of 10c. on yesterday's close.
Italian Fives, which were also done on lower terms,
are at 65fr. 75c., still showing a decline of 25c.
The shares of the Credit Mobilier have receded 11f.
25c., the present quotation being 797 f. 50e. ; and
Spanish Mobiliers show a similar fall. The Rail-
way Share Market participates in the general lan-
guor, and most of the lines show a reduction in
prices. Three o'clock.—The market improved to-
wards the end, and closed at the following quota-
tions :

4j per Cents 9B
Do. end month
3 per Cents.

Do. end month CB 32k
Credit Mobilier

Do. end month 797 50
Bank Shares 3675
Credit Foncier 1320
Italian Loan 65 80
Do. end month 65 80

Roman —
Ottoman Fives 42 25
Mexican Loan —
Do. Bonds —
Russian —
Austrian
Spanish Threes
Home Debt —
Deferred

'AYS.
Cash.

Orleans
Northern
Lyons and Mediterranean
Southern
`Western
Eastern
Sardinian .
Austrian
Lombard
North of Spain
Saragossa
Ditto to Barcelona
Roman

Acct.
... 845 -
- ... 1140 -
- ~. 853 75
... 572 50

- - •••

- - ... 525 --
- - ... 216 25
- - ... 427 50
- - ... 426 25
- - ... 177 50
- - ... 215 -

... 160 -

The Condemned Convict in Maidstone

Gaol.

Within the last few days a marked change for the
better appears to have taken place in the mind of the
wretched culprit who now awaits the execution of
the sentence of death in Maidstone Gaol. After his
trial Southey was for some hours in a state of ex-
citement, complaining bitterly of much of the evi-
dence, and denying that he had had fair play or
justice in the court. To use his own language—
" The laws of a country are the grand imperishable
monuments of a nation's constitution, and, written
in history, speak always a nation's honour or dis-
grace"—and he wrote long letters to the learned
judge who presided (Mr. Justice Mellor), to the
Home Secretary; and the Duke of Beaufort (and
wished to write to others, but was not allowed),
protesting against the illegality of his trial on the
ground that from the beginning he had refused the
assistance of a barrister, and that the judge had
refused to allow him to plead his own cause,
" a precedent (he added) which in future cases
might lead to the grossest injustice." He
was also highly indignant that the plea of insanity
had been used on his behalf, inasmuch as he had
from the first refused to consent to such a plea ;
and when, at the trial, he attempted to protest against
Mr. Smith adopting that defence, he was peremp-
torily put down by the judge. His own words were,
" I am not insane, but I considered that I could not
be a judge of that myself, and therefore allowed
those persons who came to examine me to put ques-
tions to me which I answered in a straightforward
manner. I should like to have my case argued be-
fore metaphysicians and philosophers, for I believe
that my mind and my motives would be a proper
subject for a psychological inquiry. If I am insane,
I ought not to be executed ; if I am not insane, I
ought to have a fresh trial—as I have not been al-
lowed to show the truth."

The chaplain of the prison, the Rev. C. S. Wool-
nier, and the assistant chaplain, the Rev. H. F. Wool-
rych, are with him daily ; and, although always
ready to argue on his case, or the more abstruse
points of religion, he would not listen to any ex-
hortation with respect to the awful fate which so
speedily awaits him. He has read through " But-
ler's Analogy and Sermons," and other religious
works ; but the greater portion of his time is spent
in writing. Until the last three or four days he
would turn all conversations into disquisitions on
religion and infidelity, with the more philosophic
forms of which he seems to be well acquainted.
He reads his Bible, but finds arguments from it in
support of his own conduct, as, for instance, from
the example of Abraham and the Divine command
for the sacrifice of Isaac. He refuses to attend
service in the gaol chapel, but once allowed the
chaplain to pray with him, " out of respect" to the
chaplain, although, he added, it was also because
of " that moral weakness which has been his weak
point through life, as he considered it his duty to.
protest against the general formalism of religion
which prevails, by refusing to have anything to do
with forms, even in prayer." During the last three
or four days, however, he has received the visits of
the chaplains with great interest, and prayed with
them daily.

Although Southey acknowledges the kindness
with which he is treated by all the officials, he com-
plains greatly of some of the gaol regulations. One
of his principal grievances is that he is not allowed
to be at any time left alone, and that a light is
always kept burning in his cell.
It is very remarkable that Southey never admits
that the murders he committed were crimes. In-
deed, he appears to think that he has really done a
service to the community ; and with regard to his
approaching fate, he considers himself as already
dead ; but the two persons he wished to die with
him (Mrs. White and her child), he says, are gone
back from life to moral death.

One of Southey's great anxieties yet is lest cer-
tain MSS. confided by him to his solicitor should
get into the hands of Lord Dudley. The papers
consist of 48 pages of manuscript, and contain a
rough sketch of Mrs. White, the woman with
whom he was living, and whose children he had
destroyed. It is headed--" Account of two visits
to Witley Court, showing the circumstances which
have united to cause my death." The number of
eminent persons who were visited by Southey, or to
whom he wrote letters and detailed the circum-
stances upon which " eight lives depended," was no
fewer than 200, and all their names were carefully
preserved. He asserts that his immoral union with
Mrs. White was not entered into until all hope of
the payment of the money he had won at billiards
from Mr. Dudley Ward was gone. There is no
doubt that for eight months previous to the
crimes for which he is condemned he entertained
murderous thoughts against others, and parti-
cularly against Lord Dudley. He says that on
several occasions be was on the point of shooting
his lordship within a few days previous to the per-
petration of the other murders. He even fixes
the places where this intended deed of blood had
so nearly beon consummated—at a club in the Opera
Colonnade, but his lordship at the critical moment
stopped to speak to a policeman ; at another time
at Fortnum and Mason's ; and on another occasion
he actually held the muzzle of his pistol close to his
lordship's back while he was looking into the win-
dow of an Albanian shop in Regent-street, but
concealed the weapon in his coat pocket. He could
not, however, make up his mind to fire, as " he had
received no direct voice from God to rid the world
of the tyrant," and because his motives might be
put down to vindictiveness.

Several rumours have been in circulation as to
efforts making to procure a commutation of sen-
tence or a respite, on the ground of insanity. These
rumours have, however, been studiously kept from
the knowledge of the prisoner, who entertains no
hope that his life will be spared.
The execution, it is expected, will take place on
Thursday next.