The Sun.
London, England, 1866-10-18 00:00:00

Commence at Seven.

laws, and to have no share in the making of those
laws, why those men would be at once dethroned
from being the ostensible leaders of a great nation,
and would themselves, incompetent as they are,
have to descend even to the works of common
labour which they now despise." This is very idle
reasoning, and it might as well be asked what would
become of those who labour if all their employers,
and the wealth they have, were swept away.
Mr. BRIGHT is always throwing out hints, and ask-
ing, as he did yesterday, " whether it be right, and
whether it be safe," for the Tory party to say this
and that respecting the people ; but it might be re-
torted on him, if it be right for him to keep asking
these questions. If there be such glaring injustice
done, let him confine his remarks to things, and not
extend his rancorous observations to persons.
Mr. BRIGHT thinks that it is his duty to aid in the
abolition of a greater monopoly than that of the
tax on food, which some years engaged his efforts,
and he is resolved not to rest till he has put down
again the " stupid and ignorant monopoly of
the landowners." Mr. DALGLISH, M.P., proved
himself to be no sincere friend to the cause of Re-
form, because he alluded to the probability of the
present Government bringing in a Reform Bill next
Session, and " warned the people to be on their
guard how they credit it, feeling convinced it
would not be introduced with sincerity or from a
sense of justice, but simply extracted by fear." If
this is to be the policy of those who are urging on
the people to make demonstrations in favour of
Reform, we can tell them beforehand that it is a
very base and unworthy one, and Mr. BRIGHT
had better reflect before he adopts again the con-
temptible course he pursued in 1859. He will only
draw down upon himself the contempt of all really
honest Reformers, and expose the insincerity of his
own feelings. A great national work, that affects
the interests of a mighty nation, should not be
profaned by the admixture of mean motives ; but
if Mr. BRIGHT will not allow Reform to be carried'
unless he can fulfil his desire of exterminating his
opponents, and dealing a deadly blow at the
higher classes, we must consider him as a most
mischievous agitator, who takes advantage of his
opportunities to act unfairly, and in the end he
will most assuredly forfeit the respect of those
whom he professes to serve with so much zeal and
ardour.

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zt-ai
_Aprek

LONDON, THURSDAI, OCT. 18, 1866.

Men are proverbially inclined to delay any
necessary practical reform which has not the excite-

ment of political partisanship to recommend it, or
does not press sharply and heavily upon themselves.
The English have long been noted for the lazy
patience with which they endure undoubted griev-

antes notwithstanding their energy and enterprise

in some directions. Such indifference and laissez
faire are all very well with regard to petty
annoyances, or even where some of our own

social difficulties are concerned, but there are
occasions on which the consequences are

disastrous.

Sometimes a long course of delay

and neglect is followed by a startling catastrophe.
Persistent disregard of the sanitary condition of the
poor in our eastern parishes was succeeded by that

terrible outbreak of cholera which startled the whole
community early this autumn. In the same way,
although the calamity is on a far larger scale, the
chronic indifference of our Anglo-Indian authorities
to the great neels of the country under their con-
trol—irrigation and means of transit—has been
followed by the fearful famine which is now deso-
lating Arissa and its neighbourhood, and which is

bringing in its train a host of attendant evils.
The accounts which reached us by the last mail
were most discouraging. Lord CRANBORNE ap-
pears to have acted wisely and promptly by tele-
graphing full authority to the Governor-General to
make an immediate advance from the Government
funds. But the evil has reached a height which the
greatest exertions can hardly control for a time,
and, as had been all along feared, the pestilence is
showing itself in its track. Cholera has broken out
in several of the most affected districts, and has
found the wretched population only too ready to
succumb to its attacks. In such a state of things,
which they have little reason to hope will
speedily mend, it is no great wonder that
we hear that vice and crime are prevalent, that

plunder and robbery are growing common, and
that in parts of Bengal parents are selling their
children, to be spared the anguish of seeing them
starve. This is a terrible picture, but there is, un-
happily, no reason to believe it is overdrawn.
Famine is an enemy already too familiar to many
of the Indian districts, and its features are generaliy
the same, varying only in intensity with the extent
of the misfortune. The famine this year, despite
all improvements, is a very severe one, and
the worst of it is that no immediate relief
is anticipated. The Chairman of the Relief Fund
in Calcutta, in his recent telegram to the Viceroy
' at Simla, relative to the severity of the distress in
Arissa, and parts of Bengal, stated that it was
likely to continue for several months.
The most painful part of the business is that the
prevailing misery might have been so much lessened
by foresight and timely exertion. This is surely a
case in which prevention is a hundredfold better
than cure. It is far easier for a Government to
be wise in time, to lay in stores, to provide em-
ployment on public works with attendant depots of
food, and to organise an efficient system of relief
at the commencement of a famine than to grapple
with it at its height, when pestilence, and crime,
and discontent have added to its terror. If, on
the first mutterings of the distant storm, efficient
efforts had been made the sufferings of the people
might have been greatly mitigated, and thousands
of lives might have been spared. Famine is not a
disaster which can take us by surprise. It is not like
a pestilence which may suddenly break out in a popu-
lous district ; not like a typhoon or an inundation,
or an earthquake or a voleanic eruption, which
might find the wisest unprepared. The national
supply of food cannot fall short without warning,
and in a country like India, with its vast and helpless
population, and its deficiency in the means of com-
munication, the first indication of danger should
arouse the authorities to action.
Independently of theto lamentable loss
o the
life, the damage done
Government is a very serious thing. A
people, accustomed to have everything done
for them, murmur, because their rulers can-
not find them food, and the worst of it is that they
have real ground for complaint. It would be most
unfair to any one individual to lay the blame on
his shoulders ; but the malcontents in India do
not scruple to select objects for their censures. It is
a noticeable fact that the Indian press, usually so
subservient to thoie in power, is unsparing in its
indignant denunciation of those in authority.
One of them publishes a letter from a Bengal,
in the famine districts, which is reprinted in
the Benya/ Harkaru for the benefit of
English readers. The writer gives an account of
what he has himself witnessed in the vicinity of
of Arissa,
and speaks very strongly of the neglect
of thelocalgovernment.
Hadthe re, hesays, been half
as much care taken to save life in
during
India
as was
to preserve the cattle in Englandthe taken
cattle
plague hundreds might have been saved. " We
are a conquered people, and our lives are of less
value than the lived of the cowl goats, and sheep

Mr. BRIGHT has had a few last words to say in
Glasgow, and yesterday morning was entertained
at breakfast by a body of the Scottish National
Reform League. On this occasion the hon. mem-
ber for Birmingham seemed to be more moderate in
his tone than he was on the previous evening, al-

though there was still an under-current of bitter-
ness in his discourse ; but we believe this has grown
so much to be his habit by this time that he can
hardly avoid indulging in this strain when he
gets excited or interested in a theme.
At the commencement of his speech Mr.
BRIGHT dwelt chiefly on subjects more inti-
mately connected with Scottish interests. of
course he interpolated a little abuse general and
particular into his summary of the affairs relating
to national representation, and he told his hearers
that " he could not believe that the tenant farmers
in Haddingtonshire would submit to be long repre-
sented as they now are." Worse than that, how-
ever, is to be the doom of Lord ELcHo ; for Mr.
BRIGHT does not think that until the Scottish people
are wholly changed that there will be found any
county in Scotland, " any population, or electoral
body even, that can be in favour of repre-
sentation by such a gentleman." This sweep-
ing condemnation is thoroughly in unison
with Mr. BRIGHT'S mode of judging. If any one
differ from him, no matter how great or influential
he may be, how much respected for his private cha-
racter, how much admired for his talent or energy,
be must be set aside as useless lumber not worthy
;to come before the public. Until all men are
born with the same tastes and feelings, with
similar opinions and like convictions, we
Flo not see how this theory of one voice
can ever be reconciliated. The best and wisest
differ continually, and it would be great
Presumption on the part of any politician to decide
who is or who is not useful, and who has or has not
the welfare of the country and the true interests of
the people at heart.
Mr. BRIGHT Pays a well-deserved tribute to the
intelligence of the
People of Scotland, and especially
records his opinion of the good order maintained by
those who figured in the display of Tuesday, but we
beg to assure him that such merits would not long
be theirs if they were actuated by his feelings, and
shared his VieITS in respect to their superiors in
station.

The true greatness and real glory of the lower
classes of Englishmen and Scotchmen consist in
their exhibition of those qualities which are the very
reverse of those Mr. BRIGHT imputes to them. They
m. rhey
were never further removed from a desire to pro-
ceed to violence than they are at present, but that
does not exculpate him from constantly referring to
the nation. He amuses himself by asking what
would become of the United Kingdom if
the men of these classes were o be sud-
denly taken from us, and then replies,
" Why, the nation would dwindle into
no nation at all, and those men who from the heights
of their wealth look down upon those multitudes
whose busiaesa alone it is to jabcptix and to obey the

of England. If hundreds and thousands of us
were to die, who would count ? But in Eng-
land a statement of dead beasts was prepared."
It is most unfortunate that sentiments of this kind
should be current among the natives. The manifest
injustice of such a statement, the perversion of facts,
and unfairness of illustration, do not prevent it from
being in the highest degree mischievous among the
uninformed. The natives are not for the most part
sufficiently aware of the powers of modern engineer-
ing science to be sensible of the real cause
of complaint against their English rulers—the
neglect of irrigation, but they are quite
able to understand the effect of the apathy and hesi-
tation which have failed to assist them in their sore
distress. We shall be anxious to learn from Calcutta
what steps have been taken since the receipt of Lord
CRANBORNE'S communication, and mean while it
is to be hoped that Englishmen will not fail to learn
from the extent of the present calamity the necessity
of bringing public opinion in this country to bear
upon the constitutional indolence of the Anglo-
Indian Administration.

tomed position without causing any damage or in-
jury of importance. A few cases of fever, however,
had occurred in some of the districts where the waters
had remained for some time. The mortality was not
very great.

It is very much to be regretted that the recen
outrages in Sheffield should not have produced
more effect in arresting the cause of those mis-
guided and malevolent individuals who have out-
raged all sense of justice and propriety by their
conduct. The recent accounts that have reached
us from them show that unfortunately the evil has
taken too deep a root to be eradicated quickly or
easily, and in fact may be considered as one of
those dangers which periodically affect society, and
which must be met in a bold spirit and a determined
manner. It appears that letters have been received
by two of the masters in the town, which contained
threats, and in one of these allusion was made to
another flaring-up occurring shortly. Energetic
efforts have been made to facilitate the discovery
of the offenders, and the reward has been augmented
to eleven hundred, accompanied by the promise of
free pardon to any accomplice who is not the actual
criminal. We trust that these inducements will
speedily induce some one to come forward and
throw light on this confused subject, for much de-
pends upon the effect of bringing the mis-
creants to justice. It will never do to allow
matters to rest as they are, and for a
spirit of terrorism to reign triumphant. It is
true that in Ireland it has long been difficult,
if not impossible, to stop these outrages, but in Eng-
land something must be done, and the sooner the
better for the safety of society and the furtherance
of justice. We may add also, for the credit and
character of those who form these Trade Associa-
tions, the more respectable ones must be against such
acts, and those who are half and half had better
realise the fact at once that great harm will
inevitably ensue to their undertakings, and
blame attach itself justly to them, if a period
is not put to such infamous practices at once,
and for ever. We live in days when such
outrages can no longer be tolerated, and it is
the duty of all to impress this part seriously upon
those who persist in forming these societies and
associations.

The Vienna Gazette publishes in French and Ger-
man the text of the Treaty of Peace concluded be-
tween Austria and Italy, but I do not translate it as
the thief provisions of it were well known before.

The total amount of the subscriptions announced
in the Moniteter to-day for the relief of the sufferers
by the late inundations is 784,023 fr.
More cases of poisoning from eating supposed
mushrooms are recorded. At the village of Cade-
role, near St. Jean du Garde, in the South of France,
a family named Rossignol, have been poisoned. The
family was composed of the mother, her two daugh-
ters, and a governess. Of the above persons three
died very shortly after eating the vegetable—the
mother, one of the daughters, and the governess.
The other daughter was not expected to survive.
I find, from a perusal of many provincial papers,
that the fears respecting the vintage excited by the
long continuance of cold wet weather have happily
proved to be unfounded. There is no doubt that in
the majority of the wine districts the produce is very
abundant. Indeed the abundance was so great as to
cause a demand for extra Workmen, who made a sort
of strike for higher wages, and received about a third
more pay than usual. Such has been the quantity of
wine in some localities that it was difficult to pro-
cure barrels or other vessels to contain it. Of the
quantity produced there is therefore no doubt, but
it is proved that the quality of some of the wine will
not be so good as that of last year.
This morning early there was heavy white frost in
all the localities around Paris, but the sun rose
brightly, and has been shining already, but a rather
cold wind prevailed.
The Charivari has the following rather malicious
anecdote. A traveller wag seated at a table d'hôte,
and when a dish with radishes was passed round, he
emptied them all into his own plate. " I beg your
pardon," said the gentleman seated next to him, "
am also very fond of radishes." " Not so fond as I
am," said the traveller coolly, and he persisted in
eating them all. This traveller was no other than
Count Bismarck. When the Prussian generals im-
posed burthen upon burthen on the city of Frank-
fort, the bankers of the ci-devant capital of the Ger-
man Confederation found it useless to remonstrate,
" We have worked all our lives to get our millions,"
said they, " and we like them." "Not so much as I,"
said Bismarck, and he took the millions. King
George the Fifth protested against the annexation
of his states to Prussia, and said that as a good
Prince he liked to govern his subjects, the Hano-
verians. Count Bismarck answered, " Not so much
as I do," and so he annexed Hanover to his
own kingdom.

LATEST INTELLIGENCE.

(REUTER'S TELEGRAMS.)

AUSTRIA.

VIENNA, Oct. 18.

A striking instance of the harm occasioned by
such outrages as these committed in Sheffield may
be seen in the occurrences that lately took place in
Nottingham. The evil example will of course be fol-
lowed if care be not taken to arrest its progress. On
Monday, in Nottingham, some men on strike in the
building trade blackened their faces and made a
savage attack upon those who had the sense to go 1
to work, and we regret to say that they did great
injury to them. One of the victims, indeed, is at
the hospital in a dangerous state. In this instance
we are glad to find that the offenders have been
captured, and are remanded for a week. We hope
that they will be dealt with in the manner they
deserve, and the severest penalty of the law in-
flicted upon them. It will be the only way to
deal with such ruffians ; and if it be found that
the existing laws are not strong enough to deal
with such offenders, we hope that during next ses-
sion steps will be taken to augment them. It is high
time that a stop be put to such a tyrannical and
oppressive system, and those who clamour for their
rights had better be taught to respect the rights of
others. Perhaps there has been too much latitude
given to these trades unionists ; but, be that as it
may, they must look to themselves, and take heed
that they are not regarded as dangerous to the
safety of the subject. It cannot be tolerated for a
moment that the condition of things which exists at
present in some of our large towns can be allowed
to remain in statu quo, and the sooner a remedial
change takes place the better.

CORRESPONDENCE FROM PARIS.

(FROM OUR OWN CORRESPONDENT.)

PARIS, Wednesday Evening.

The Moniteur in its bulletin says :—" According
to a private despatch from Vienna, the departure
of the Emperor Francis Joseph for the journey which
he intends to make in Bohemia, Austrian Silesia,
and Moravia was fixed for this day. His Majesty
desires to accelerate the distribution of assistance
which is to be given to the peasants who suffered
loss from the military occupation of the country."
It is stated officially from Florence that Count
Oppizoni, formerly Charge d'Affaires of Italy to the
Germanic Confederation, will direct the Legation of
Italy at Vienna until the definitive appointment of
the representative of King Victor Emmanuel at the
Austrian Court.

An Imperial rescript, dated 14th inst., has been
published here to-day, convoking for the 19th
November all the Diets of the Empire, with the
exception of that of Hungary. . .

The Emperor has also addressed an autograph
letter to Count Majlath, the Aulic Chancellor of
Hungary, announcing that the convocation of the
Hungarian Diet had been deferred for the pre-
sent on account of the prevalence of cholera. The
letter further requests Count Majlath to return to
his post without delay, in order that, should a
favourable change take place in the sanitary condi-
tion of the country, the Diet may be opened imme-
diately. The Emperor also requests Count Majlath
to communicate his sincere thanks to the llungarian
Volunteers for their services to their country, and
to express to the inhabitants generally his Imperial
recognition of the numerous proofs which they have
afforded of sympathy for the wounded, whether be-
longing to the Austrian or Federal army.

The Italian papers last received in Paris teem
with congratulatory aspirations in regard to the ple-
biscite, which is decidedly to be carried into effect
on the 21st inst. La iVazione states that this docu-
ment is conceived in the following terms :—" We
wish for the reunion of Venetia to the kingdom of
Italy under the monarchy of King Victor Emmanuel
and his descendants. Yes, . No,
After the plebiscite, the ballot-boxes for which will
be kept in operation during two days, the Court of
Appeal of Venice will assemble in an extraordinary
and solemn meeting to examine the votes. The
suffrage of the whole of Venetia will be sent to
Venice, and on the 28th inst. proclamation will be
made of the solemn will of the Venetian people.
The Movinzento states that Victor Emmanuel
will receive at Turin the delegates from Venice,
who will bring the result of the plebiscite, in order" to
render homage to the patriotism, the self-denial,
and the constancy of the Piedmontese, who were
the first in Italy to desire and obtain the common
deliverance of the country."

The Minister of War is about to offer to Venice
and Vicenza the medal of military bravery in me-
mory of their glorious struggle against the Austrians
in 1848 and 1849.

The provincial deputation of Florence bas sent
by telegrapk a fraternal salute to the provinces
of Venice, Mantua, and Verona, on the occasion of
the return of these provinces to the sway of the
Italian flag. On receipt of the telegram the muni-
cipality of Mantua sent to the Prefect of Florence
the following
6, The country of Virgil responds to the country
of Dante by thanks for its fraternal salute, and by
an enthusiastic vim."
The evacuation of the Quadrilateral by the Aus-
trian troops proceeds rapidly. On the 11th instant
General Franzini entered Mantua with four batta-
lions. On the same day two Italian battalions
occupied Peschiera, and one battalion occupied
Legnano."
From the accounts of the Italian papers gene-
rally, there is much enthusiasm and delight at the
prospect of increased freedom and unity for Italy.
According to the latest accounts from Egypt the
alarm at the inundation of the Nile was quite dis-
sipated, and that riyez had rotunuld to its 3=4.

THE SUN, LONDON, THURSDAY EVENING, OCTOBER 18, 1866