The Sun.
London, England, 1866-10-24 00:00:00

was not a great distance from the last (on an adjoining
farm, in fact), but the contents were varied and interesting
in the extreme. The barrow was 13 yards in diameter, and

now about 4ft high, but ploughed down. Thematerial was
earth, with not much chalk and some charcoal, and char-
coal was found throughout on the natural surface on the
ground. Although a comparatively small barrow the
burials were .numerous—far exceeding those previously
opened, but not massed together, as in the Ganton barrows.
Seven yards south of the centre, and on the plane of tho
mound, a fragment of an urn was met with. Of this urn,
and also of some others, many pieces shown as shards
were found among the materials composing the houe.
Close by the first piece of urn found was a spindle whorl of
clay, 19in. in diameter, indicating the people to have had a
knowledge of spinning. Six yards south of centre an urn
standing upright was found. This was of the "food-ves-
sel" type, and had four impierced ears. Five yards south
of the centre the first body was found, laid on its right side,
contracted, the hands, up to the face, left hand over right.
and head to the west. Above the knees, and placed between
the knees and the chin, was a thong-marked urn of a very
unusual type, having an apsidal bottom and four feet. This
body and the accompanying urn were interred about one
foot above the natural surface. This is only the second
example of the four-footed urn found in the district, the
first having been found many years ago by Mr. Pycock, of
Malton. Five yards east-south-east of centre a child's body,
totally decayed, was found, one foot above natural ground.
Two yards S.W. of centre and 2ift. above the natural
ground a body was found, laid on the left side, with the
head to the west, contracted in the usual way. Behind the
head were two finely and peculiarly wrought flints—one a

large knife, Sin. long by nearly 2in. wide, leaf or --
pear
shaped, and elaborately chipped on both edges ; the other a
portion (apparently) of a triangular scraper, nearly 3in. long
—a peculiar implement of novel type, and remarkably well
wrought. The under side was flat and smooth, having been
struck from the core at one blow. The body with which
these fine implements were buried had the left hand over
the right, and both up to the face. The head was to the
east. On removing the body below the knees a long flake
scraper of flint was found, showing many signs of use.
Three yards W.S.W. of centre, and lift. above natural
surface, was a child's body, completely decayed. Three
yards east of centre, on the plane, was a body on the right
side, with head to east. Behind the head was a rough flint
scraper. The jaws of this body were greatly diseased.
The teeth presented a most peculiar appearance, being re-
duced to the smallest proportions, and half hidden in the
eroded jaws. As before the knees were drawn up and the
hands were up to the head. One yard E.S.E. of centre, a
contracted body was found on its left side, lying 2ft. above
natural surface, with head to the west. The hands were up
to the face, and on them was laid a beautifully worked long
flint scraper, finely chipped over the. whole surface. Above
this, and also resting upon the hands, was a very peculiar
urn, of a globular form, covered with point markings of
bone or wood; and strangely, about his body, but especially
near the head, were strewn the bones of a burnt body—a
curious mixture of cremation and inhumation. Three yards
E.N.E. from centre, and 2ft. above the plane, a body on its
left side, with head to the east, was found. The body was
contracted like the rest, the hands, left over right, beingup
to the face. Five yards E.N.E. of centre the contracted
body of a child, on left side, was found, lft. above natural
surface. On the same level the body of another child was
found, totally decayed, six yards N.N.E. of centre.
Three yards N.W. of centre, 2ft. above surface, another
child was found, on its right side, and also much decayed ;
and four yards N.E. of centre yet another child, on its
right side, also decayed, but position distinguishable to
show the head to the west. At the actual centre was a deep
cist into the chalk, an irregular square, sft. deep and Bft.
across. About 40 years ago the centre of this house had
been dug into, the then tenant of the land (Mr. Anderson)
found the central interment, the skull of which he replaced.
This was again discovered, but consequent on its disturb-
ance the position of the burial could not be told. With this
skull—a very capacious, brachy-cephalous head of mature
years and robust make—was a large flint flake knife, 31in.
by lain., wrought on the edge, and a large rough flint
scraper, not wrought, except on the conchoidal bulb. This
was undoubtedly the primary burial. All the other skulls
are much crushed, and until rebuilt their type cannot be
told. A very beautiful willow leaf shaped arrow head of
flint, 23-in. by 5-Bths, was found 4ft. S.S.W. of centre, and
with it a thumb flint and small piece of urn. Quantities
of chippings and three fine thumb flints, and the left-
handed scraper were found among the materials of the hone.
The implements throughout were superb. The chalk taken
from the cist formed a cairn which reached to the surface.
The next investigations will be near Beverley.

THE PUBLIC HEALTH.

(Front the leeyistrur- General's Return.)

The following is the weekly return of the Regis-
,rar General of births and deaths in London and in
L 2 other large towns of the United Kingdom :
Somerset-house, Oct. 22.

In the week ending Saturday, Oct. 20, the births
registered in London and 12 other large towns of
the United Kingdom were 4,018 ; the deaths regis-
tered, 3,180. The annual rate of mortality was 27
per 1,000 persons living.

In London the births of 1,035 boys and 929 girls,
in all 1,964 children, were registered in the week.
In the corresponding weeks of ten years 1856-65
the average number, corrected for increase of popu-
lation, was 1,982.
The deaths registered in London during the week
were 1,464. It was the 42d week of the year, and
the average number of deaths for that week is, with
a correction for increase of population, 1,227. The
present return exhibits an excess of 237 deaths
above the computed number. The increase of the
total deaths is partly due to bronchitis.
144 deaths were registered from cholera and 55
from diarrhoea, making 199 in the aggregate. The
deaths from cholera and diarrhoea in the last six
weeks were 292, 248, 244, 251, 254, 199.
The health of London depends much upon the
inflow of pure water and the outflow of impure sew-
age. The nine water companies have, according to
their
gallons daily on
u liLeodndloon"a6r4enl
a during the month
aaverage
returns,n stuhpep
of September.

South London received from its three water com-
panies 30,186,822 gallons daily during the month,
and Mr. Bazalgette has, upon being applied to,
supplied a return of the sewage discharged daily in
September at the southern outfall works, Crossness;
it amounted to 46,229,675 gallons, including the
yield of the streams of land drainage, which varies
from week to week. The sewage discharged daily
was 43,976,300,'37,443,771, and 43,319,041 gal-
lons in the three weeks ending October 20.

The northern outfall sewer does not yet carry
down to Barking-creek the sewage of the low level
region north of the Thames ; and Mr. Bazalgette
fears that " it will be quite a year and a half before
we shall get the whole of the northern sewage dis-
charged through the outfall sewer, because parts of
the low level have to be constructed in the line of
the proposed Chelsea embankment of the Metropo-
litan Railway." Such is the present state of the
Lon don sewage.
The quality of the water supply in September has
been tested as usual by Dr. Frankland. He gives
a remarkable instance of the effects of filtration
through animal charcoal of the East London Com-
pany's water, supplied to the tenants of Miss Coutts
in Columbia-square. The organic matter was re-
duced to the minutest quantity ; the hardness from
20 degs. to 7 degs. The filtration of the water
supply for 700 people is here performed without the
least difficulty.
The Medical Health officers of London have been
requested to favour the Registrar-General with a
weekly return of what is done in their respective dis-
tricts for extinguishing epidemic cholera. Dr. Bal-
lard has fully described the measures which are em-
ployed in Islington. It is by scrupulous attention
to such details, and by purifying the water, that the
plague can be stayed.

The annual rate of mortality last week was 25 per
,000 in London, 30 in Edinburgh, and 45 in Dub-

lin ; 25 in Bristol, 20 in Birmingham, 35 in Liver-
pool, 29 in Manchester, 24 in Salford, 20 in Sheffield,
26 in Leeds, 27 in Hull, 34 in Newcastle-upon-
Tyne, and 27 in Glasgow. The rater in Vienna
was 73 per 1,000 during the week ending the 13th
inst., when the temperature was 3.3 deg. Fahrenheit
lower than in the same week in London, where the
rate was 23 per 1,000.

The deaths from cholera in Liverpool continue to
decline steadily, the numbers in the past three weeks
having been respectively 99, 53, and 38. In Dublin,
however, the disease is still increasing in fatality,
and the death; which in the two previous weeks
had been 81 and 98, further rose to 118. During

, -
the week ending the 13th inst., of 779 deaths re-
corded in Vienna, 453 were referred to cholera,
showing, however, a considerable decline upon the
week ending the 29th ult. when the fatal cases
were 672, in a total of 1,007 deaths.
At the Royal Observatory, Greenwich, the. mean
height of the barometer in the week was 24.92 in.
The barometer reading decreased from 30.08 in. on
Tuesday to 29.73 in. by 3 pan..on Thursday, and by
9 a.m. on Saturday the former maximum reading of