The Sun.
London, England, 1859-09-05 00:00:00

Commence at 7 o'clock.

VERDI'S OPERA OF MACBETH. The
whole of the first Act of this Opera, now produced
for the first time in this country (the remaining three acts
being in course of rehearsal), is sung nightly at the CAN-
TERBURY HALL CONCERTS.
THE DELEPIERRE FAMILY,
Consisting of three Juvenile Violinists, viz., Jules, Juliette,
and Julia Delepierre, aged, respectively, FOUR, SIX, and
EIGHT years.
The perfect execution by these Lilliputian Artistes of some
of the most difficult and brilliant Solos, Duets, and Trios ever
written for the violin, has excited mingled wonder and admi-
ration in Continental Musical Circles, and drawn forth enthu-
siastic tributes of praise from the Public Journals of France
and Belgium.
They will perform TWICE EACH EVENING, in addi-
tion to the usual Entertainments.

THE WEATHER.—SUN OFFICE, SEPTEMBER 4.
THERMOMETER, IN THE SHADE.
67—highest since noon yesterday.
53—lowest this morning and during the night.
65—this day at noon.

BAROMETER-30.05.
WIND, North-Westerly; light, with mild weather, but
dull. Very fine in the afternoon.

SEPT. 5.
THERMOMETER, TN THE SHADE.
66—highest since noon yesterday.
52—lowest this morning and during the night.
61—this day at noon.

- -
BAROMETEII---30,20.
WIND, North-Westerly ; light, with very fine weather.

HIGH WATER AT LONDON BRIDGE.
This DAY. Morning, 7h. 14m.—Afternoon, 711. 47m.
To-Moßßow-Morning, Bh. 29m.—Afternoon, 9h. 15m.

The cause of Italian Independence progresses
with sure and steady step. There is no tumult—
no effervescence now save that of cordial good will
among a united people. Everything is conducted
with a solemnity worthy of a great and national

cause.

On Saturday last the deputation from Tuscany
arrived at Turin by noon to tender their allegiance
to the King. They were received with marked re-
spect by the Municipal body and Members of Parlia-
ment. Great popular enthusiasm was manifested to
welcome their arrival, and a grand illumination
took place in the evening in their honour.
The deputation were received by the King shortly
after their arrival, when Signor GHERARDINA, a
member of the Commission, addressed his Majesty
as follows :—" If the wish of Tuscany for annexa-
tion with Piedmont only served for the aggran-
disement of your Majesty's State, we should enter-
tain doubts as to the acceptance of our wish by your
Majesty. But our wish being inspired by the love
of Italian nationality, we hope that the thought
of Italy will decide your Majesty to ac-
cept it." The King replied in a strain of much
feeling, but with subdued policy. He thanked
them cordially in his own name and that of his
people. "We have received your wish as a solemn
manifestation of the will of the Tuscan people,
who, having made the last vestige of the foreign
domination in Tuscany to cease, desires to contri-
bute to the constitution of a strong kindom, which
shall defend the independence of Italy. But the
Tuscan Assembly will have comprehended that
the accomplishment of its wish can only take
place by negotiations which are about to begin
on the affairs of Italy. I will second your
desire, becoming myself strong by the rights
which are given me by your wishes. I will support
the cause of Tuscany before the Powers in which
the Assembly places its hopes, and especially before
the., magnanimous Emperor of the FRENCH, who
has done so much for the Italian nation. I hope
that Europe will not refuse to practise towards
Tuscany that work of redressing grievances which
it has, under less favourable circumstances, prac-
tised towards Greece, Belgium, and the Danubian
Principalities. Your noble country gives an admi-
rable example of moderation and concord."
His MAJESTY concluded by impressing on the
Deputation the exercise of that virtue which ensures
the triumph of all honest undertakings—namely,
perseverance.
It will be seen with what dexterity King VICTOR
EMMANUEL contrived to avoid giving offence to the
Deputation on the one hand, while he steered clear
of putting a sword into the hands of Austria in the
present temper of that already mortified and too
jealous power. A Congress seems now to be inevi-
table, if war is to be averted. The " situation" is
clear in one sense but very complicated in another.
Much will now depend on the spirit in which the
proposed object will be entertained by the Emperor
NAFOLEON. We sincerely hope that, sinking all
personal feeling, he will add to the debt of Italy by
cordially seconding the wishes of that people.
The vote of the Duchy of Parma, respecting its
proposed annexation to Piedmont, is in unison with
the devotion of the Tuscans. There were 63,403
votes in favour of annexation, and only 506
against it! After this strong manifestation of
public feeling what hope is there for the
return of Austrian despotism ? Indeed, the
same feeling Pervades the rest of Italy. The in-
habitants of the Romagna have expressed their
opinion in the following resolution, " that they will
no longer submit to the temporal government of
Modena, the POPE." And as for -
the precious
Duke has settled that question with and under his
own hand, much to the satisfaction of the people.
Since writing the above we now learn that the
Paris journals of this morning contain articles,
praising very much the speech of the King of SAR_
DINIA. They conclude that it is almost certain a
congress will be assembled. This augurs well.
There seems to be a dearth of news in Paris, and
trade, commerce—in short, everything but plea.
sure—seem at a sort of standstill as if the Conre-
rence at Zurich had set the dreamy example. The
Times' correspondent says that certain difficult
points of the negotiation, such as those relating
to the restoration of the Grand Dukes, have
been touched in a variety of tones, but whether-
-with Much Or little hope, with much or little
intention of promoting it, is open to doubt.
'The amnesty, too, has once or twice been the
subject of conversation on the part of the Plenipo-
tet diaries ; but the Confederation has not yet been
tret tted. It is affirmed in Paris that the limitation
and the debt questions are disposed of, though dotibts
are expressed if they have been so definitively,

particularly the latter. But even on secondary
matters the Austrian Government appears to act
with the utmost slowness, and there hardly passes
a day that Count COLLOREDO does not think it ne-
cessary to send telegraphic messages, or even Cabi-
net couriers, to Vienna for orders. One would sup-
pose that he arrived at Zurich without any in-

structions whatever. On the question of Lom-
bardy some points are said to be settled affirma-
tively. For instance, whether the Lombards, who
have become subjects of King Victor Emmanuel,
can become Austrian subjects if they please, or
whether those who remain under Austrian rule can
change their nationaiity, and beconie subjects of
Upper Italy ? When is Austria to relieve from
their oath of allegiance the Lombard soldiers who
still serve in the Imperial ranks ? On this point
it is resolved that the said oath of allegiance shall
cease to be binding so soon as all matters in de-
bate relating to Lombardy shall have been defini•
tively arranged. The Lombards actually employed
in the civil service of Austria are at liberty to
continue or retire as they may think proper or
convenient.

A happier era has during the last few years
opened upon Ireland. The history of the sister
island has latterly been one of steady advance-

ment. Seldom has there been a more striking
illustration of the truth of that old symbolic saying
about the Darkest Hour being the one immediately
Before the Dawn. The prosperity of Ireland,

dating from those calamitous months during which
—now more than twelve long years ago—the
population of that unfortunate country was deci-
mated simultaneously by famine and by pestilence!
Scarcely had the ravages caused by the potato
blight and choleraic diarrhoea ceased, when a new
source of apparent disaster to the doomed commu-
nity commenced. Emigration, at all times consi-

derable, then reached a magnitude up to that time
altogether unexampled. The inhabitants of many
localities appeared to be bodily flocking down to
the seashore for embarkation. GOLDSMITH'S
" Deserted Village" was no mere vague poetic
imagining. It was a pathetic reality again and
again renewed. Lissay or Auburn seemed to be
repeated here and there all over the broad country-
side. Like the "halls of Balcleutha" in Ossian,
the mud cabins in many and many a cluster were
" desolate." The movement was, numerically, so
remarkable in its way, that it received the name
of the Irish Exodus. And the title was scarcely
used as a figure of hyperbole. It was more a phrase
of matter-of-fact than an exaggeration. In more

than one quarter the land was actually depopulated.
Looking around at that time, you would have said
that the Darkest Hour had indeed arrived for
Ireland—but it was in very truth at the same
moment the precursor of the Dawn of the national

prosperity.
Another and romarkable security that it was in
point of fact that auspicious Hour. Before the
Dawn, was the coming into operation of that new
and beneficent enactment which, to say the very

least of it, tended to facilitate a. change in the
Irish proprietary. The Encumbered Estates Act
was the open sesame to a hidden treasury. It un-
locked stores of buried wealth. It removed
from the land the curse, so to speak,
of chronic bankruptcy. Its passage from a
Bill into an enactment--those magic words,
la Reine le vent, transforming it into part and par-
cel of the law of the land—sounded at once the
knell of the old make-shift epoch, and the signal
for the inauguration of a novel and a hitherto un-
dreamt-of epoch (for Ireland) in the history of mo-
dern civilisation.

" Castle Rackrents " were there-
upon at once in a fair way of becoming obsolete,
and of passing altogether out of view soon in the

luminous pages of Maria Edgeworth. Nor was it
alone upon the title-pages of that Milford of the
Emerald Isle that Irishmen could no longer read

Veluti in Speculum—the truthful motto emblazoned
over many a proscenium. Under the influence of

wiser and newer laws, and of happier and more
propitious circumstances, the darker era of duelling
and improvidence has already, in an' incredibly
short space of time, receded to the extremity of an
apparently remote perspective. So that many a
comparatively recent delineator of the national
character survives now quite as much a describer
of long-vanished habits and customs as SMOLLETT
or FIELDING in regard to bygone Englishmen.
Nay—for that matter—the Ireland of To-day is
hardly more unlike the Ireland of " The Collegians'
and of " Florence INlacarthy," than it is unlike the
Ireland depicted in the earlier romances of CHARLES
LEVER and WILLIAM CARLETON, novelists yet
happily in their full vigour among the number of
our own immediate contemporaries. Systematic
improvidence—if we may write this by an expres-
sive antithesis not inaptly Hibernian by its very
extravagance—systematic improvidence and sys-
tematic duelling are no longer among the essential
characteristics of the Irish population. Thrift,
if not indigenous, is at any rate becoming fast
a thriving exotic. Industry, both agricultural
and commercial, is spreading. The incentive pro-
posed by Lord GEORGE BENTINCK to be applied to

railway speculation in the sister island upon a scale

of such daring magnitude, and with a prodigality
of millions so wisely statesmanlike in its magnifi-
cence—that nobly proffered but unhappily discarded
incentive we have still frequent reason to lament as
a lost opportunity. But—without it—how much
has already been accomplished ! And now that the
transatlantic traffic promises to flow in its natural
and straightforward course to and fro across the
Galway route—to run eastwards and westwards
between the new world and the old via Valentia—
what prospects are there not opening up of in-
creasing and still increasing prosperity !
'faking the ordinary tokens of progress made in
the way of steady mercantile advancement as our
guile (by analogy) from the Past to the Future—
is it not significant, we may ask, that, while out
of the twelve ports of the United Kingdom, one-
half (viz., of course, six), show a positive increase
of trade during the last twelvemonth, and the
other only a moderate diminution—the increase
at Glasgow, for example, being nearly 11 per cent.,
it is as much as 2 per cent. at Cork—the increase
at London being only 31 per cent., it is no less than
53 per cent. at Dublin ! ! Actually fifty-three per
cent. increase of trade at Dublin achieved, as a
rise, within the brief compass of a single twelve-
month! And the watchword social and political,
agricultural and commercial, still continues to be
throughout the now flourishing and advancing
part of the Irish population, the one noble and in-
spiriting watchword " Excelsior," May its happy
augury still continue also to be thus rapidly
verified.

His Excellency the Sardinian Minister leaves
town early in the piesent week on a visit to the Earl and
Countess of Shaftesbury at St. Giles's, Dorset.
The Earl and Countess of Caithness are staying
on a visit to the Earl and Countess of Fife at their scat in
Banffshire.
The Earl and Countess of Harewood propose
giving a grand entertainment early in the ensuing month
at Harewood House, the family seat in Yorkshire.
The Earl of Carnarvon will receive a large circle
of friends at Highelere House the week after next.
Viscount and Viscountess Palmerston intend to
leave town within a few days for Broadlands, near Romsey,
Hants.

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Or' ss
bRoLT
'IRV NOT,

THE SUN.
MONDAY, SEPTEMBER 5, 1859.