The Sun.
London, England, 1835-10-09 00:00:00

SUN, LONDON, MiDAY, OCTOBIIR 9,183 b,

ciliation ? Just as well might the democratic Robe-
spierre—the popular champion of the " hereditary
bondsmen" of France—when chopping oil heads by
dozens, and covered with the blood-sprinkled glory of
patriotic" massacre; declare to the aseltnibled sans
culottes, dancing MUM the guillotine, that ho Was
teaching the doctrines of mercy and humanity !
What does a demagogue who goes on a mission to the
:iorth of England and Scotland expressly to peach a
crusade of extermination against the Hoe of Loiks—
who advises the people to send the " 170 tyrants'-' on
their travels as James 11., who was not long AO the
object of his warmest eulogy; was Sent—does such a de-
magogue dare to come forward now and say he h4ci
been preaching the doctrines of peace and conciliation ?
In the cases of David Murphy and Counsellor' Hudson
the agitator showed his matchless intrepidi.tti
tion ; but we did not think that even his enterprising
assurance mild have tarried him to such extravagant
lengths. It is quite certain that without a bloody rtrY
tear the House of Lords cannot lot put down, and yet
he wl.o calls upon the inoh to put down the House of
Lord tkt SU Many tyrants, preaches the doctrines of
peace and conciliation ! Surely, surely " the kitchen-
maid and her broom" (queere Brougham) has a
modest assurance that surpasses that of all other
kitchenmaids since the world began. Dan also told
the mob that the people were still allowed by the Go-
vernment to continue in a state of deplorabfe poverty
and distress in a land of plenty ; but he did not re-
mind them that out of that deplorable poverty and dis-
tress he contrived to squeeze 14,0001. a-year in pay-
ment of his own disinterested exertions. He did not
remind them that he allowed the last Session to pass
away, without making a single effort for a public provi-
sion for the starving poor, whom his Irish Secretary,
Lord Morpeth, so humanely threw overboard ! Ah I
Dan, the Irish are indeed " a deluded and defrauded
people."—Morning Herald.
Perhaps it may have escaped our attention, but if
it has, it must be deemed a singular clemency of the
Mohawks, that the charge of being " old," to which
we yesterday referred, as being the gist and sting of
the articles of impeachment brought in a Conser-
vative morning print against Mr. Coke, has not been
brought against Lord Brougham. But, courage l—
if it has not, we feel assured that it soon will. Mr.
O'Connell was lately—bore/bile dictu—desCribed as
an " old gentleman" in a green cap, and the serious im-
putation of being an " old gentleman,, was again re-
peated against Mr. Coke in the same print yesterday, in
the scolding phraseology of an overgrown school-girl,
by whom all persons, young and old, are pronounced
to be " old frights" who are not sufficiently prompt
in gratifying their love of admiration. It will be
miraculous if Mr. Coke ever recover from this "un-
kindest cut of all ;" and sure we are that Lord
Brougham, whatever he may hitherto have done, can
scarcely hope to escape eventually from total and irrepa-
rable perdition under the destructive title of " old gen-
tleman." But, however, the inditer of this over-
whelming accusation shows a laudable anxiety to make
up for the omission in Lord Brougham's case, by in-
sinuating that superannuation of mind against one of
the strongest minds in Europe, which is generally sup-
posed to accompany superannuation of body. The
same two scribes=the arcades ambo f—of a morning
and evening paper, to whom we have before adverted
as his chief assailants, show a wonderful sympathy
upon this point ; although one of the duumvirate
yesterday morning was so uncomplimentary to his
colleague, and so ungrateful for his co-operation, as
to insinuate, that if he made an attack upon " the
old Gentleman" himself, the evening scribe would
immediately take up the cudgels in Belzebub's fa-
vour. Now, we considered the " agreement" be-
tween them, as Puff' says of the managers, in their
attacks upon Lord Brougham, was " wonderful." It
is unusual, but wonderful, " when they do agree."
Notwithstanding the awkward insinuations about
Belzebub, they certainly did " cotton together," as the
exquisites call it, in accusing Lord Brougham of steal-
ing the " thread" of his Lectures. This charge we
rebutted ; but the 7 have soon returned to the joint
" labour of love' with another imputation equally
groundless, viz., that his Lordship is the author of the
new law of patents, which a writer in the last Sa-
turday's Magazine alleges, and with some truth, to
be invalidated by some defects. Of course, as there
are defects in this law, a jump is immediately made
at the very satisfactory conclusion, that all defects in
any given law are ascribable to Lord Brougham ; and
his Lordship is invested with all the honour of the
law's demerits accordingly. It would be hardly worth
our while to reply to this party-coloured non sequitur,
or, in plain language, argumentative impertinence—
were it not for the obvious drift of this and the pre-
ceding attack. The object is to depreciate Lord
Brougham in the influential part of his public cha-
racter—that of a friend and patron of science and the
arts, and of the peaceful, but mighty and beneficent
spirit of scientific discovery. The secret of the attack
is possibly the same in both cases—to pander to the
eager and greedy envy of the aristocratical and exclu-
sive caste, by depreciating Lord Brougham in his more
democratic character of a champion of that which they
fear and dread—the equality of mind. The present
charge, as in the former case, is without the slightest
foundation. We have been surprised, on looking to the
Mechanics' Magazine, which is pleaded as its autho-
rity, to find that no such charge is made therein,
either of Lord Brougham as the author of the defects
of the Bill, or of the Bill itself in which those defects
are contained. Nor is he. The charge is perfectly
false. The Bill was brought into the Commons by
the Attorney-General. We noticed it at the time as
containing several improvements on the previously-
existing state of the anomalous law of patents. It has
also some deficiencies which we are ready to admit with
the Editor of the Mechanic's Magazine ; but that is
neither our fault while approving it, nor Lord
Brougham's while supporting it in the Lords. His
Lordship, probably, like ourselves, and like all persons
of common sense, was glad to take an instalment of
ten shillings in the pound--in a matter which deeply
concerned the improvements and comforts of society--
where twenty shillings were not all at once to be ob-
tained. And this, we apprehend, is all we need say
on this trumpery charge ; unless we may be permitted
to brand this, as well as the former, before turning it
adrift, with Mr. Burchell's expressive and characte-
ristic monosyllable of " Fudge !"—Morn. Advertiser.

THE FIRE AT THE PENITENTIARY,

MILLBANK.

(FURTHER PARTICULARS.)
The origin of the fire at the Penitentiary has not yet
been accurately ascertained ; various rumours are afloat
upon the subject, and the matter is altogether kept in a
state of mystery in consequence of all communication being
cut off between the inmates and parties desirous to inspect
the scene of devastation. Our reporter, after making four
applications, was told that the Governor of the prison had
given strict directions that no stranger should be admitted
until he had made his report to the Secretary of State. It
was not until after four o'clock in the morning that the
flames were extinguished, and great praise is due to the fire-
men and the police for their exertions upon the occasion.
It appears that the infirmary, and a whole range of build-
ings connected with it, are completely destroyed. One sub-
ject should not escape observation. Upon an order being
given to cut away a certain part of the premises, a fireman,
No. 12 C, of the London Fire Establishment, was applied
to for pickaxes and other tools he had in his possession, but
he refused to give them up without some party would be-
come responsible for their safety. All this occasioned great
delay. It is worthy of remark that a new tread-mill, which
has been in preparation for some time at the prison, and
scarcely finished, has been destroyed. The van usually em-
ployed to convey prisoners from Queen-square police-office
was immediately sent by Mr. White, the sitting magistrate,
in the evening, in case it should be required to convey the
inmates of the prison to another place of confinement. At
three o'clock in the morning, when the alarm had in some
measure subsided, the female prisoners labouring under
disease, who had, in the first instance, been taken from the
infirmary to the chapel, in the centre of the building, for
safety, were removed to another part of the prison, in order
that they might retire to rest. Yesterday, at half-past
twelve o'clock, information was sent to the station-houses
of the A and B divisions for a further supply of police, in
consequence of the fire having broken out again near to the
spot where it is supposed that it originated. The engines
were again brought into play, but in a short time all danger
h4:l ceased.

at h
„ whic LAWS —Wheat has now fallen to half the
price
the'Legislature considered that the farmer
• ^d for the charge of growing it.
could be remunetiq,..

IRISH EDUCATION.

620,0 Ni) ttEvaaT Oi TEM COMMISSIONERS

OF PUBLIC INSTRUCTION, irtgLAND.

IT fLEASE:ronii
AVe; thy Conlniissinners appointed Under yOutr Majesty's
Commission, bearing date the 15th day of Atigitst, the fifth
year of your Majesty's reign, whose names are hereunto
subscribed, beg humbly to submit to your Majesty this our
second report, comprising the results or our inquiry respva,
ing the schools now bkisiing• in Ireland: OH directed
to ascertain " the state bt each parislik *ith re.fcireti,o6 to the
Means of editcatidni the nilifiber and description of schools,
the kind of instruction afforded therein: the average attend-
ance at each, and the sources from which they are supported ;
and to Mute generally whether the ntinilors attending the
§dthe Mt' the la St five )'ent,§ have been increasing', stationary,
fii ditninishing.34 th obedience to these directions we have
diligently investigated these several matters, and the result
of such our investigations we now humbly submit to your
111/kjestys. set forth in 111,4 Sp@Cial reports of the visiting
and niTang6d in the sumo oticcesoive order
as in the first part. This our inquiry respecting schools in
Ireland was conducted concurrently with that of which the
results are exhibited in our first report ; and the mode in
which it was conducted has been therein already described.
We will, however, beg leave to repeat that portion of our
previous statement in which we represented that, " As from
time to time each benefice became ready to be visited, one
or more of the Commissioners, furnished with all the returns
which had been received with regard to such benefice, re-
paired to the spot, and held an inquiry in respect thereof,
into the several matters directed by the Commission ;" that
"in all cases the Commissioners, besides directing previous
public notice to be given of the time and place of holding
the inquiry, sent a special notice thereof to the several
Clergy of the parish, to the enumerator, to the schoolmas-
ters, and others, whose personal attendance was requisite ;"
and that " the Commissioners held their local investigation
publicly, ascertaining on the evidence of the parties attend-
ing before them the several matters of fact comprised within
the terms of the Commission."

It will appear that this part of our inquiry is, like the
preceding, of a statistical nature. We did not consider
that it fell within the scope of our inquiry to investigate the
character or competence of the teachers, their manner of
impartinc, what they professed to teach, the treatment of
the children, and their general proficiency, and such other
minute inquiries as would alone enable us to pronounce an
an opinion upon the comparative effectiveness of each
school, and the manner in which it is administered. The due
execution of such an inquiry into each of the 9,657 schools
on which we have reported would have occupied many
years ; and it was an inquiry into which (having received
no special directions) we did not deem ourselves justified,
by the terms of the Commission, to enter. Under such
circumstances, we humbly deem that we shall be acting
most strictly in conformity with the directions of the Com-
mission, if we abstain from offering any opinion upon the
general character and administration of schools, or of par-
ticular classes of schools, in Ireland. Neither has it lain
within the prescribed scope of our inquiry to investigate
the character of the various associations having for their
object the promotion of education. Such inquiries have
been already made by the Commissioners of Education in
Ireland, and the result is given in their several reports.
With respect to the particulars into which we have been
instructed to inquire, and which are exhibited in detail in
the following special reports, we have attempted to show
some of the condensed results in the summaries which we
here subjoin.
[We have no room for the tables.]
We have thus exhibited for each diocese and province,
and, finally, for the whole of Ireland, the number of daily
schools, the number of children on the books of those
schools, distinguishing, when it was possible, the number
of each sex, and have adjoined the population for 1834, as
stated in our first report, in order that it may appear to
what proportion the means of education are afforded. In
applying this proportion it must be borne in mind that
probably about a seventh part of the whole population (or
14 per cent.) are of the age of from seven to fourteen in-
clusive, and that this may, therefore, be assumed to be the
utmost number for the education of whom provision is re-
quired, and that the number possessing the means of educa-
tion (as collected from the entries in the books of the daily
schools) must be deemed ample or deficient with reference
to this proportion. But we must here observe, that ade-
quacy or inadequacy in the extent of education cannot
safely be inferred from a comparison of population with
numbers on the books in the case of any single parish, or
even union of parishes, inasmuch as schools situated near
the boundary of a parish may possibly be attended in a
large proportion by children from an adjoining parish ; and
thus, in the case of two parishes so situated, and of which
the inhabitants are equally well provided with facilities for
education, a comparison of the kind above mentioned would
exhibit the erroneous appearances of excess in one case, and
deficiency in the other. It is therefore only to large por-
tions of territory, such as are comprised within the limits
of a diocese, that such comparison can be safely applied,
and any inference drawn from it, which may not happen to
be wholly fallacious. 'We must also beg leave to observe,
that in some schools no books were kept, and the number
of children was not reported. Our summaries, conse-
quently, will not exhibit the whole actual number of chil-
dren having the means of daily instruction, but those only
whose names are on the books of 8,886 daily schools out of
9,657 existing in Ireland. We have, however, endea-
voured to show the probable number thus unavoidably
omitted, taking as the basis of our calculation the average
number in those schools in which lists had been produced.
While the enumeration of children on the books of the
daily schools shows the number who have the means of in-
struction, and occasionally attend, the statement of the ave-
rage daily attendance at each school will tend to show the
proportion of those by whom instruction is actually re-
ceived. We have not, however, attempted to show the
aggregate or total of the statements of average attendance,
because such statements are records, not of an authenti-
cated fact, but only of the opinion of the parties giving
evidence before the Commissioners, and also because the
averages themselves vary greatly in summer and in winter,
between which periods we could not take a mean with any
certainty that it might not be delusive and remote from
the truth. Such statements of average attendance are
nevertheless useful, when compared in each particular in-
stance with the numbers on the books, in order to afford
a better means of judging of the real effectiveness of the
school. _

It will be found in some instances that the average at-
tendance stated exceeds the numbers on the books, a cir-
cumstance bearing at first the appearance of error, but
which may be attributed to the average having been taken
for the whole year, while the names on the books show only
the diminished number who attend during the winter months,
during which period the Commissioners severally held their
inquiries. _ _ _

We have not shown either in the total for each benefice,
in our special reports, or in the preceding summaries, the
number of children on the books of the Sunday schools.
We abstain from so doing because, since the same children
frequently attend both the Sunday and week-day schools,
many would have been repeated in the enumeration, and erro-
neous inferences would have been the consequent result. We
here beg leave to observe that it must not not be inferred
that there are no Sunday schools in any of those parishes
wherein none have been reported. The practice of some
of the visiting Commissioners has been to omit such schools,
partly in consequence of a doubt on their part, whether they
fell strictly within the scope of our inquiry, partly in conse-
quence of the indistinct character of many of them, and the
difficulty of deciding which of them were entitled to be so
denominated. On these accounts the Sunday schools,
though accurately reported in some dioceses, have not been
enumerated in the preceding summaries.
We have distinguished the number of schools reported to
receive no other support than payments from the children.
from those which wholly or in part receive assistance and
support from endowment or subscription.
Of schools supported wholly by payments from the chil-
dren, amounting in number to 5,653, a small proportion, as
will appear from our special reports, afford the means of
classical education, and are not designed for the children of
the poorer classes ; but the great majority, among which
are many called "hedge schools," are intended for the edu-
cation of the poor. The instruction professedly afforded in
them is usually confined to reading, writing, arithmetic ;
and the payments from each child vary from 6d. to 7s. a
quarter.
We have shown the number of schools which receive as-
sistance from, or are in connection respectively with, the
" National Board," the " Association for Discountenancing
Vice," " Erasmus Smith's Fund," the " Kildare-street So-
ciety," and the " London Hibernian Society," in which latter
the " London Ladies' Hibernian Society" is included.
Among these are enumerated schools which have been re-
ported to be "in connection with" some one of the foregoing
Societies, but which do not, nevertheless, appear to receive
from such Society any pecuniary aid. It appears to be
the present practice of the Kildare-street Society to give
assistance, not in money, but in grants of books and other
school requisites. Some schools are found to be in connec-
tion with, or supported by more than one Society ; and, ac-
cordingly, the number stated in the summaries, of schools
in connection with or supported by various Societies res-
pectively, are not exclusive each of the other ; but the same
school, if supported by two Societies, is enumerated alike
under the head of each. We have included in our sum-
maries only the foregoing Board and Societies, because they
are those which have, in connection with them, the greatest
number of schools, and of which the operations are least
confined to any particular part of Ireland. There are,
however, others which we have not therein mentioned ;
either because the schools assisted by them are comparatively
few, or their operations confined to a particular district,

Such are the " Incorporated Stitietty fur Promoting English
Protestant Schools in Ireland," established by charter in
1733 (once having in connection with it numerous schads,
hut nosy very few, and no longer receiving support from the
State), the " Afdzigh Dipeegan Society," the " Irish So-
ciety," " the Baptist Soddy," the E. Anabaptist Society,"
the " Wesleyan Methodist Society," and " Itobinson's Be-
faction."

It appears Oat there are many benefices in which there
is no evidence of the existence df gtith parochial school as
was provided to he kent under the Acts Hairy VIII.
and 7 William 111, We must at the same time state that
the pdrochiai odiiddi§ he br no means a distinct charac-
ter ; many which are so called being hi connection with
various societies, and the correctness of the designation be-
ing frequently uncertain. Wherever the incumbent is
found to contribute pecuniary aid in support of a school,
to the amount of not less than 2/. per annum, it may be
presumed that such school is a parochial school, under the
meaning of the above-mentioned Acts ; but this is by no
means sufficiently certain to enable us to enumerate such
schools with the requisite accuracy in our summaries.
We cannot refrain from adverting with satisfaction to
the numerous instances of contribution's from individuals in
support of schools, of which evidence is afforded in our spe-
cial reports,
It is our less gratifying duty to advert to the result of
a comparison of the number of daily schools with the total
population in the several dioceses in Ireland ; from whence
it appears that, while in the diocese of Down there is one
school to .594 persons, in the diocese of Ardfert and Agha-
doe there is only one school to 1,342 persons ; and in the
diocesses of Emly, Limerick, Killala, and Clonfert the pro-
portion is scarcely more favourable. It also appears, on a
comparison of the number of children on the books of the
daily schools, and the computed number not reported, with
the total population of the several dioceses, that there is
considerable diversity (a diversity which we deplore) in the
extent to which, in various parts of Ireland, the benefits of
daily instruction arc received ; and that, compared with the
number having the means of instruction in the dioceses of
Leighlin, Kilmore, Down, and Ardagh, the proportion in
the dioceses of Emly, Limerick, Ardfert, and Aghadoe, and
Killalla, appears to be deficient.
We must also advert to the Table appended to our spe-
cial reports, showing the population for 1834 (as given in
our first report) of each parish in Ireland, in which, as ap-
pears from this our second report, there is no school. From
this Table it will appear that there are 449 such parishes,
containing, in 1834, an aggregate population of 342,198
persons, and that although many of these parishes are
small, there are among them 122, containing each a popu-
lation of not less than 1,000.

In conclusion, we, the Commissioners of Public Instruc-
tion, Ireland, whose names are hereunto subscribed, beg
leave humbly to submit to your Majesty, together with an
appendix to our first report, this our second report, con-
taining the results of our inquiry respecting the schools now
existing in Ireland.
BROUGHAM W. T. HAMILTON
DUNCANNON A. LYLE
HATHERTON D. G. LUBE
T. D'OYLY J. F. STRANGWAYS
T. H. LISTER J. GIBSON
W. H. CURRAN A. AUSTIN
G. B. LENNARD W. M'DERMOTT
E. C. TUFFNELL J. MOODY
D. MAUDE W. G. CRAIG
G. C. LEWIS A. WILLS.

POLICE INTELLIGENCE.

GUILDHALL.

Yesterday, Henry Hutchinson, the chief mate of the
Argyle East Indiaman, attended for the third time before
Mr. Alderman ATKINS, to answer a charge of misusage
towards a Lascar, on the voyage from Calcutta to China.
The evidence was heard at great length on the first day,
the accusation being, that the man was injured by being
lifted by an arm and a leg, and thrown on a chain-cable ;
and the defence, that he died of cold from being insuffi.
ciently clad.
'On the second day, the MAGISTRATE said he would not
voluntarily send the mate to trial ; but he would require
him to find bail if the complaining parties could find suffi-
cient surety that they would prosecute.
Yesterday, accordingly, Mr. Cooke, the solicitor for the
prosecution, tendered, as surety that the Lascars should
prosecute, a Mr. Bailey, a person of respectable appear-
ance, who said he had been a householder in St. George's-
in-the-East for twelve years.
Mr. Alderman ATKINS asked Mr. Bailey whether he
knew the nature of the case, and how he knew it ?

Mr. Bailey said it was a case of hardship which was the
talk of his neighbourhood, and he had also seen the case in
the newspapers.
Mr. Alderman ATKINS said it was strange that he should
take up a case on such grounds. His bail would not satisfy
him. Would he destroy the chief mate for ever because he
had heard gossiping in his neighbourhood ?
Mr. Cooke submitted that the bail he produced was
sufficient. He was a respectable man.
Mr. Alderman ATKINS said he did not believe there was
a better foundation for the charge against the mate than if
it were made against him (Mr. Cooke).
Mr. Simpson, the defendant's solicitor, said a prosecution
could not be really contemplated. Who would support the
lascar witnesses till the sessions ? The witnesses would be
gone.
Mr. Cooke said he would be content if the mate entered
into his own recognizances to appear at the sessions.
Mr. Alderman ATKINS said—No. His ship was ready
to sail, and before he did anything to prevent his sailing
with her, he would ascertain whether this charge had not
been sifted and discharged at the Thames Police-office, for
persons could not be allowed to go all round the metro-
polis, from Magistrate to Magistrate, till one was found to
do what was wished. He had no wish to screen the man,
but he would not detain him till the sessions, unless he had
good security that he would then be prosecuted.
Some private conversation ensued between the solicitors ;
after which they applied to have a further postponement of
the case.

Mr. Alderman ATKINS, however, would not consent to
that, and Mr. Cooke not being prepared with satisfactory
security that the mate would be prosecuted, the matter fell
to the ground, and the parties retired.