The Sun.
London, England, 1866-11-26 00:00:00

THE SUN, LONDON, MONDAY EVENING, NOVEMBER 26, 1866.

for the structures intended. From present indica-
tions Atlantic City has a prosperous future. Sur-
veyors are engaged in laying out streets and lots at
the lower end of the town, intending thus to survey
about four miles of the island. A new Episcopalian
church is to be erected next season, and during the
holiday vacation an addition is to be finished to the
public school. These indications show that those
who own property there are determined to make
such permanent improvements as will contribute to
the rapid growth and popularity of the place.
Fifteen hundred acres of peat, twelve feet thick,
are said to have been discovered in Hardin county.

The TVatchnzan and Recorder remarks that a
strong feeling has sprung up among the coloured
people in favour of emigration to Liberia. The
feeling is not confined to any section of the coun-
try ; it is manifested North and South. Young
and old, and of all occupations, now desire to go to
Liberia. They declare that as soon as the coloured
population are admitted to the full rights of
American citizens there will be a rush to Liberia
that will astonish every one. The reverse was ex-
pected. It was supposed that freedom and citizen-
ship would retain the negro in America. But the
coloured people say they are unwilling to be sent off
as rubbish or as people out of place ; they will go
as independent passengers, as emigrant citizens--
not leaving the country for its good, but for their
own.

The following information of what writings re-
quire stamps in the United States will prove valu-
able to business men generally, and should be kept
for reference :-
Ist. Instruments of writing dated before October 1,
1862, do not require a stamp.
2d. Those dated between August 1, 1862, and August 1,
1864, may be stamped either before or after use by the
Court Registrar or Recorder.
3d. Those dated August 1, 1864, and more than twelve
months old, may be stamped before a United States Col
lector, without payment of the penalty of $5O.
4th. Those dated after August 1, 1864, and more than
twelve months old, can be stamped upon the payment of
the penalty of $5O. _ _ _

And every assignment of a note, which assignment is
made since October 1, 1862, without regard to tho date of
the note, is to be stamped as an agreement, namely, five
cents—no matter how small or how large the note may be.

All persons having notes unstamped should have them
stamped at once. A receipt for money or property over
$2O, no matter what the amount, only requires a two-cent
stamp.
The grand jury of Newark, Ohio, have found
indictments against eleven persons for the en-
couragement of fraudulent voting at the late elec-
tion.

The new railroad to be constructed between
Mount Holly and Camden is an enterprise of incal-
culable importance. When completed and in run-
ning order it will open to the farmers residing along
the entire length better communication with the
Philadelphia markets than was ever before enjoyed,
and their interests are of no small consequence in
securing its early completion. The Camden and
Amboy Railroad Company, who now own the
charter, have taken an active part in perfecting
those preliminary arrangements, such as building,
purchasing, and settling the right of way, and other
necessary measures, and so soon as everything is
satisfactorily adjusted the work will commence.
This will be an important road, and cannot fail to
be advantageous Rot only to the people along its
route, but also to the stockholders themselves.
The Philadelphia Inquirer says the statement
that the Ocean Telegraph Company was about to
lay cables from Heart's Content to Halifax does
not seem to be substantiated by later intelligence.
It is now said that the plan is to construct a new
land line in Nova Scotia, ending at Placentia ;
thence a cable will be laid to St. Pierre, on the
Island of Miquelon. A land line will be extended
across that island, and a cable laid down to Sydney,
Cape Breton, where it will connect with the United
States. Another land line will be constructed across
Newfoundland, and carried by cable to Port Hood,
New Breton, where it will connect with lines to the
United States. The present land line across New-
foundland, which frequently gets out of order, is
to be kept up for the sake of the cable communica-
tion aboss the Gulf of St. Lawrence. By this
means there will be three modes of communication
with the United States, and it is hoped that one of
them at least will be always in order.
A railroad is proposed from Shelburne Falls to
Wilmington, Vermont, connecting the new line to
New Haven with the Western Vermont line, thus
making the mopt direct route to the Sound. A
meeting of those interested in the scheme was
inst. held at Shelburne Falls on the 9th.

The Boston, Hartford, and Erie Railroad will be
completed to Southbridge in the course of a month.
The State prison at Charlestown has 581 inmates
at the present time, about 50 of which are under
sentence for life. The receipts from manufactures
during the year amounted to $61,573, and the
price paid the labourers varies from 50c. to $l.
Among the contractors is the American Whip Com-
pany, of Westfield. There is a library of 1,600
volumes in the prison, mostly of the lighter style of
literature, to which the convicts have access twice
a week.

The receipts of flour at Boston for October
were 237,300 barrels—by rail 132,700, and by sea
104,600.

George Peabody's donation of $25,000 to Phillips
Academy, at Andover, will be devoted, at his re-
quest, to endowing the chair of mathematics and
natural sciences. Its income only will be used in
payment of the professor's salary, and any balance
not thus expended is to be added to the permanent
fund. The money comes in the form of Massa-
chusets 1883 Five per cent. Bonds.
The lumber business in Maine has been unusually
prosperous during the past season, with a good
supply of water for the mills, and a quick demand
for all lumber produced. There have been sur-
veyed at Bangor already sixty million feet more
than last year, and the amount will probably be
two hundred and twenty-five millions in all.
John T. Parker, of Farmington, has invented
a new machine for boring oil and artesian wells, by
which the tubing is put in as fast as the augur de-
scends, and this prevents all danger from covering
and considerably lessons the cost of the work.
When the well is finished, or at any other time
when necessary, the augur collapses and is drawn
up through the tubing.
Colonel J. W. Robinson, of Concord, has re-
signed the superintendency of the White Mountain
Division of the American Telegraph Company, in
order that he may accept the position of general
agent of the Brooklyn Home Life Insurance Com-
pany for the States of New Hampshire and Ver-
mont.

The work on the fishway over the Amoskeag clam
on the Merrimac, at Manchester, has been begun.
The passage will be 300 feet long and will cost
$5,000.

The catalogue of Yale College for the current
year, just published, contains the names of 500
under-graduates in the academical department, of
whom 101 are in the senior class, 115 juniors, 132
sophomores, and 152 freshmen. The students in
the other departments are divided as follows :--
Theology 30, law 26, medicine 31, and the Sheffield
scientific school 122 ; making a total of 709 stu-
dents connected with the institution.
The receipts of gold and silver by public sources
at San Francisco for the nine months to October 1
were nearly forty million dollars, indicating about
50,000,000 for the year. This is about the same as
1865 ; and Montana and Colorado, whose produc-
tion viostly conies east, will swell the aggregate
gold product of the nation for the year to about
75,000,000. This is less than was confidently ex-
pected, but quite up to the production of last year,
and probably a trifle beyond.

The Nation gives the following summary of the
Baltimore imbroglio :—" The course of the proceed-
ings which have been agitating Maryland, and ab-
sorbing the attention of the country at large during
the past week, may be summed up as follows : --
After Governor Swann had given his reasons for
condemning and removing the Baltimore commis-
sioners, and had appointed new ones in their place,
these latter first summoned the old board to sur-
render their authority, and then, being unheeded,
began to swear in their own policemen, in which
business they were aided by the Sheriff. A colli-
sion being imminent, State Attorney Maund ap-
plied to Judge Bond for the arrest of the parties

thus threatening the public peace, and a war-
rant was accordingly issued and served upon
them, and they were brought into court, ob-
liged to give bail for their good behaviour,
and in default were committed. A writ
of habeas was issued by Judge Bartol, of the Court
of Appeals, on Saturday night, but not served till
Monday, when the warden reserved to himself the
full time allowed him by law for making his return,
and Judge Bartol sustained him, though it was
known this delay would bridge over the election.
The good management which thus defeated the sel-
fish, political ends of the Governor, and at the same
time avoided bloodshed and even much violence,
cannot be too highly praised. The courts will pre-
sently have an opportunity to decide, at their cus-
tomary leisure, whether the power lay with the
Executive to try and then remove the commissioners,
and if so, whether the new appointees were justified
in seeking to take forcible possession of the autho-
rity with which they were invested. Thus far it is
the, latter question alone that has come up, and it
has been decided sufficiently to preserve a most im-
portant election from being held under the auspices
either of Andrew Johnson or, to speak metaphori-
cally, of Jefferson Davis, though not to debar per-
jury from prevailing at the polls.
A young man, who has passed under the name of
George Olsen, and who has been engaged as lamp
trimmer on board the United States steamer Ma-
dawaska, has just discovered that he is an Hunga-
rian nobleman, that his true title is Edward Louis,
Count Batthyani, and that he is the owner of au
immense estate. He has already received $300,000
as a portion of the money due to him, and is now in
Washington, under the protection of the Austrian
ambassador, trying to get his discharge from the
United States naval service.

Davis Bartlett, a North Becket sportsman, killed
a coon the other day, which weighed 231 pounds.

At the recent meetings of the Evangelical
Alliance at Bath, the Rev. Dr. M'Cosh, of Belfast,
read an. able paper, in which he gave details of the
formation of an American Evangelical Alliance, and
sketches of the religious condition of the United
States, gathered during a tour this summer, extend-
ing over fourteen weeks, during which period he
travelled between 13,000 and 14,000 miles by sea
and land. In his paper the learned divine gave a
hurried description of the country, the state of the
people, the condition of education, &c. In the
course of it he urged that every effort should be
made to improve the coloured people (for they were
capable of being improved), and raise them in the
social scale ; the people themselves were enthusiastic
for instruction, and if the present time were not
embraced—if they were allowed to continue in igno-
rance—they would sink into habits of idleness and
degradation, from which it would almost be impos-
sible to remove them.

In Thursday's Journal des Deba ts M. Prevost-Para-
dol has an article on the foreign policy of the United
States, which will be read with interest in England.
After approving President Johnson for reviving
the Alabama claims, and commending the English
Government's determination to appoint a commission
to inquire into the operation of the laws respecting
neutrality, he proceeds to say "On the other
hand, the conduct of the President, in the matter of
Mexico, bears too evidently the impress of election-
eering tactics. He cannot possibly entertain a sus-
picion that France intends to remain in Mexico, in
defiance of the formal undertaking into which she has
entered with the United States ; he cannot appre-
hend that the Empire of Maximilian (if it be not de-
stroyed already) will survive our departure;
finally, he cannot ignore the professions of neutra-
lity of his owu Government with regard to Mexico.
None of these provisions, none of these recollections,
however, seem able to prevent Mr. Johnson as-
suming with regard to Mexico an attitude which he
must know cannot but be painful to the French
Government. Mr. Johnson, who is aware that we
are going, is evidently bent on looking as if he were
driving us out, and far from doing what he can to
attenuate that too obvious check to our policy, he
leaves nothing undone that can make it more galling.
The course of events, however, was so clearly de-
fined, and the success of American policy in
Mexico so inevitable, and so close at hand, that a
President free from personal views would not have
made soglaringan abuse of so favourable a situation.
But Mr. Johnson has now his own position to re-
trieve, and those French papers which were at one
and the same time writing up both the Mexican
empire and Mr. Johnson's home policy, may now
discern who will have to pay for the damage sus-
tained by the President's popularity. Nevertheless
the boldest of Mr. Johnson's advances to popular
passion is his diplomatic intervention on behalf
of the Fenian invaders recently sentenced to death
by a Canadian jury. Clemency is always a good
thing, and England will only deserve praise if,
in this instance, she inclines to mercy rather than
justice. But that a powerful neighbour, who has
allowed such an expedition to be organised within
his dominions, and who cannot plead (as England
in the case of the Alabama) anything beyond ex-
tenuating circumstances for this departure from the
neutrality laws, should in addition claim the pardon
of invaders taken in arms, and add to his recom-
mendation to mercy a lecture on clemency, is what
must stagger the world, were not the electoral posi-
tion of Mr. Johnson sufficient to account for such
conduct. As regards justice, it would be difficult
ument in favour of the
toFe
Fenian
irai nn g
marauders.
forward e
ras
rigs
not a case of rebels
rising against the Government of their own country,
but of foreign adventurers, who, in the midst of
profound peace, attempting the conquest of a colony
content with its fate, and determined to maintain
its allegiance because it knows it to be a security for
its independence, taken in arms, condemned by a
jury after a trial, the impartial fairness of which
they acknowledge themselves. Having staked their
life on a guilty venture and lost it, the Canadian
Fenians may afford a great example of clemency,
but they can never be made a pretext for interna-
tional discussion. Nevertheless they have been
unable to escape the vigilant eye of Mr. Johnson,
eagerly scanning the map from Mexico to Quebec
in quest of some opportunity that might be turned
to account for his rehabilitation. These weaknesses,
inherent to all governments where election is the
exclusive source of power, are but of secondary im-
portance by the side of the great example the
United States have given since the end of the civil
war, by the peaceful disbanding of their army, and
the regular paying off of their debt."
On the Ist November the Musical Fund Hall,
Philadelphia, was filled in every part by an intelli-
gent audience, to listen to a lecture by Rev. T. De
Witt Talmage, of the Second Reformed Dutch
Church of this city. The lecturer was introduced
by Mr. J. Ford, President of the Philolathean
Society. The lecture was entitled " Our New
House, or Pleasures of House Hunting." For
sparkling wit, plain common sense, deep pathos,
keen satire, and useful suggestion, the lecture was
unsurpassed. The lecturer set forth with inimitable
humour the dreary work of wandering among houses
to let, and then portrayed what a house ought to
be, going from hall to parlour, and from parlour to
dining-room, and from dining-room to nursery,
and from nursery to sleeping apartments, stopping
at the door of this last room to wish his hearers
good night. Any report would fail to do justice to
this lecture, made up for two hours of laughter and
tears. The Philolathean Literary Society, under
whose auspices the lecture was delivered, is composed
entirely of young men, who have for their aim the
welfare of the young men of Philadelphia, by im-
proving them in their literary attainments.
A short time since a Roman journal published a
cable despatch sent to the Pops by a council of
seven Catholic archbishops and forty bishops held
at Baltimore.

WIIO ARE TIIE WORKING CLASSES ?—There are
thousands of employers who work hard or harder
than the employed. There are many, in what is
called a large way of business, whose tasks are never
done by night or day ; and who are besides worn
down by the anxieties which are the necessary
attendant of their calling ; upon whom disasters
occasioned by fluctuation of markets, the vicissitudes
of wind and weather, and numerous other casual-
ties, beyond human control, are often descending
with crushing violence like an inundation on the
corn-fields or an avalanche from the mountains,

overwhelming at a blow their most cherished and
well-founded expectations. From the time of old
Horace, " Nil sine magno vita labore dedit mortali-
bus"—and the 19th century affords no exception to
this rule—" nothing without great labour."— Tracts
for the limes.