The Sun.
London, England, 1866-11-08 00:00:00

THE SUN, LONDON, THURSDAY EVENING, NOVEMBER 8, 1866.

Ganges canal have never obtained a fair hearing
from the authorities, and that no member of the
Ganges canal committee had ever planned or exe-
cuted a great hydraulic work, so that he does not
consider them competent judges of the question.
It would surely be well in a matter of such vital im-
portance to appoint men who are entirely
removed from the local feuds and professional
jealousies of the country to consider the subject.
The irrigation of India is an imperial question, and
the consequences of neglecting it are felt through a
wide extent of country, influencing and affecting a
population numbered by millions. The terrible
famine of this year has unfortunately given ample
occasion for a fresh inquiry into the whole subject.
Were irrigation fully carried out throughout India,
the risk of these periodical and disastrous famines
would be very much diminished.' There would be
the double advantage of the increased fertility of
the soil, and of the means of communication for
conveying stores to the distressed districts. The
lack of such means has very greatly added to the
sufferings of the natives during the present
famine, and even during ordinary times the ex-
istence of ready facilities for communication would
be of very great service in encouraging commercial
enterprise and giving a stimulus to trade.
In connection with this subject of irrigation it is
not uninteresting to turn to the report of Dr.
LEITH, President of the Bombay Sanitary Commis-
sion, and Deputy Inspector-General of Hospitals,
respecting the sanitary condition of the large towns
in Bombay. The details which he gives show very
forcibly the great need which exists in all parts of
India of a thorough sanitary reform. The
lack of water is here, as in most other cases,
an important feature in the narrative, and
it is a want which our engineers ought surely to
be able to supply. India might be as destitute of
water as the Great Sahara itself, instead of posses-
sing such noble rivers. Sholapoor, in the Poonah
collectorate, which Dr. LEITH gives as an example
of the great towns of the Presidency, has a military
cantonment adjoining it, and has a large and rapidly
increasing population. In 1851 it was reckoned to
have more than 30,000 inhabitants, and the
number has of course considerably increased.
What are the conditions of the water
supply for all this population ? " Water
is obtained chiefly from the Sideshwur tank, which
has been excavated at the south of the town, and
which is now protected by the police from washing
and bathing ; but the ancient custom is still followed
of drawing water by standing in it, and scrubbing
the water vessels in it. When the rains cease the
impurities of this tank become concentrated, and
in the hot season it dries up." So much for the
principal reservoir; but there is another. "A large
quarry hole, Khumdoha Tulas, is used for the col-
lection of surface water ; but this water, which the
people consider good, is greatly defiled, for persons
were seen bathing and washing their clothes in
it, while others were drinking or drawing water
from it beside them." The municipality has pro-
vided a number of wells, which high-caste people
will not use, but which are very serviceable to
the lowest rank of Hindoos. Under such a sys-
tem as this we need not be surprised at the de-
vastating effect which fever or cholera have when
they once begin their agency among the people.
When we add to the scantiness and impurity of the
water the total absence of drainage, we shall only
marvel that the state of public health is not
very much worse than it is. Dr. LEITH attributes
some of this comparative immunity to the dryness
of the air, without which he says human life could
scarcely be maintained under such conditions. At
all events, it is very evident that a better supply of
water is urgently needed throughout India, both in
town and country, and we hope that the question
will not be longer allowed to stay.

Italian Government with persecution in both of
these opposite cases. It is difficult to understand
the article, but it is meant to blame the Italian
Government.

It is stated that the portion of the head of Car-
dinal Richelieu is to be placed with the remains in
the mausoleum now in the Church of the Sorbonne.
That mausoleum was erected in 1694. It was
opened during the Revolution in 1793. The
head of the Cardinal was then taken away,
and insults offered over the tomb. By a
decree of the Consulate of October 11, 1801, the
tomb of the Cardinal was deposed at tile Musee
Francais, now the School of Fine Arts in the Rue
des Petits Augustins; and in 1825, the period when
the Church of the Sorbonne was restored to public
worship, it was repaired and placed where it now
is. This tomb represents the Cardinal in a reclin-
ing position, with his right hand upon his heart.
At his feet is Science in grief at having lost its most
zealous protector. This work, entirely of white
marble of a single block, is the masterpiece of the
celebrated Girardin, the favourite sculptor of Louis
the Fourteenth, the author of a great number of the
statues which adorn the Park of Versailles, and
who also produced the famous equestrian statue
which was erected in the Place des Victoires, and
was destroyed during the revolution of 1793.
In 1719 the Czar Peter the Great, who
had a high idea of the genius of Richelieu, was
lost in admiration while gazing at the statue, and
exclaimed, " Oh, great man, if thou wert living, I
would give thee one-half of my empire to teach me
how to govern the other half." In the vault where
the remains of the Cardinal were first deposited is
a long inscription, which commences thus :—"llere
reposes the great Arnaud Jean Duplessis, Cardinal
de Richelieu, Duke and Peer of France, great in
birth, great in mind, great in wisdom, great in
courage, great in fortune, but still greater in piety."
The Constitutionnel says it has received accounts
from Trieste which state that the health of the Em-
press Charlotte of Mexico had so much improved
that there is now reason to hope for her speedy re-
covery.

M. Fery d'Eslands, Auditor of the Cour des
Comptes, is about to be married to Madlle. Eugenie
de Casabianca, daughter of Count de Casabianca,
Senator, Procureur-General at that Court. The
Emperor and Empress have signed the contract of
marriage.

There was some excellent races at Marseilles on
Sunday last. The Prix du Department, 3,000 f.,
in which nine horses were engaged, was won easily
by Finette ; La Tracone, 2 ; Normandie, 3.
The second race, for the Prix des Phoc6ens (gen-
tlemen riders), was won by Schooner, belonging to
Alr. F. Kent.

The great prize of the City of Marseilles, 10,000 f.,
for entire horses and mares, three-yr-old and up-
wards, was won by Germanique by half a length ;
Fleurette, 2. 11 horses ran ; 16 pail forfeit. Total
amount of the prize, 15,600 f. ; 1,200 f. to the second.
The Frix de Consolation was won by Said.
Sir Henry Bulwer, for a long time English Am-
bassador at Constantinople, has just arrived in Paris
from that city.
The grand review in the Bois de Boulogne passed
off with great eclat, but there was no particular in-
cident which needs description. It was remarked
that the Emperor seemed to be in perfect health.
He was rapturously received everywhere. There
were 22,000 men under arms, commanded by Mar-
shal St. Jean d'Angeley. The Empress and the
Imperial Prince were present, her Majesty in the
costume of an amazon, and the Prince Imperial in
the uniform of a corporal of Grenadiers of the
Guard.

A curious and interesting literary discovery has
been made—a song or hymn in three stanzas, by
Rouget de l'lsle, the author of the " Marseillaise."
It is possibly genuine. At all events, it is of the
same energetic and stirring style. It was composed
5 Nivose, an VI., at the time of the war against
England. I subjoin the first verse :

Aux armes Qu'aux chants do la pail
S uccede l'hymne dos battailles.
Aux armes! Loin de nos muraillos,
Precipitons nos mugs epais.
Qu'importe I'Europe vaincue !
Qu'importe la foule eperdue
De ces roil tromblant devant nous !
La pail nous est-elle perm►se ?
Nos ennemis do la 'Famise
N'ont point succumbe sous nos coups.
Here is a literal translation :
To arms! To the songs of peace
Succeeds the hymn of battles.
To arms! Far from our walls
Let us precipitate our serried ranks.
What matters it that Europe's conquered ?
What matters the bewildered crowd
Of the kings trembling before us ?
Are we permitted to have peace ?
Our enemies of the Thames
Are not prostrated under our blows.

Some have doubted whether Rouget de l'lsle was
the author of the " Marseillaise," the national
King"hym hymn,
hasju beenst as
disputed.
theco
Somempose
r of "God Save the
say
the music was
by Dr. Arne, but other names have been mentioned.
[The most affecting and, let us also believe, the
most authentic account of all, as to the circumstances
u„ni‘diearrsweihnaiciseh, wast, hes
wublirmi
teteNn abtiyonyael Hymn of the
n a g
Rouget de
l'lsle, is to be found, as our Paris Correspondent
is of course himself perfectly aware, in one of the
finest chapters of all iu Lamartine's " History of the
Girondists."]

SWEARING IN THE NEW LORD MAYOR.—This
morning the customary usages were observed in installing
Mr. Alderman Gabriel into the office of Lord Mayor. The
Lord Mayor elect having subscribed the usual oaths and
declarations, received the chain and other insignia of his
office, to which he was duly installed. llis lordship then
received the congratulations of his friends, which he gra-
ciously acknowledged.

MR. LOWE AND HIS CONSTITUENTS.—On Monday
the Town Council of Caine resolved, by an overwhelming
majority, to abandon their usual annual banquet, rather
than ask Mr. Lowe, the member for the borough, as is
customary, to be their guest.
PRESENTATION OF A TESTIMONIAL—One of those
reunions, so honourable alike to the employer and
employed, took place last evening at the establishment of
Messrs. Defries, Houndsditcb, the occasion being the pre-
sentation of a service of plate to Mr. John Levy, the chief
cashier, he having entered oni his 42d year of service.
The testimonial, which was of the most chaste and beauti-
ful description, was displayed in the great show-room of
the new premises, now nearly complete,and elicited univer-
sal admiration. Mr. Coleman Dofries having been solicited
to present the gift, that gentleman took the chair, having
Mr. John Levy on his right ; the vice-chair was filled
by Mr. Moss Defries. The chairman said it afforded him the
greatest satisfaction in presenting Mr. Levy with the
elegant service of plate now before him. He had been in
the service of the firm of, J. Defries and Co. for over forty
years, and by his upright and honest conduct he had won
the esteem and respect not only of the firm, but of every
emplcsie connected therewith. Ho entered their:service at
a very early age, and the honourable position he had
arrived at was attributable entirely to his own perseverance,
and it ought to act as an incentive to others who, though
now only holding subordinate positions, had a means open
to them to distinguish themselves much more easy than
had been the lot of Mr. Levy. On behalf of the subscribers
ho begged Mr. Levy to accept the testimonial, and he
hoped ho might long live to enjoy the possession of
it. Mr. Levy, in returning thanks, expressed his
deep gratitude to the chairman for the kind ac-
knowledgment of his services. iie bad merely done
his duty, and nothing more. Ho hoped that his fel-
low employCs would strive to do their utmost for the
firm, as during his long connection with it be had found
they were ever ready to encourage merit, and to reward
industry and perseverance. He should remember the
pleasures of that evening to his latest (lay,
and he hoped
his sons would value it as ono of their greatest treasures,
when, in the course of nature, it must pass into their pos-
session. Mr. Moss Defries proposed the health of their
managers and home employ6s, coupling with the toast
the name of Mr. Harvey. He said he felt a pride iu being
a member of a firm so much respected by its servants ;
they all worked alike there, from himself and brothers
down to the smallest boy in the place, and their greatest
pleasure was to advance the interests of all, who by honesty,
sobriety, and industry distinguished themselves. Mr.
Harvey returned thanks and urged upon all to imitate the
example of Mr. Levy. The health of Mr. Berry was also
proposed and suitably acknowledged by that gentleman.
Success to the firm was then drunk with the utmost en-
thusiasm by all present, and having been acknowledged
by the chairman, the interesting proceedings terminated.
VALUE Or PROPERTY AT THE WEST-END.--AS an
instance of the increasing value of West-end property, it
may be mentioned that Messrs. Robinson and Hetley, of
Old Bond-street, have sold the freehold of the mansion, 9,
St. James's-square, for tho £3

LATEST INTELLIGENCE.

(REUTER'S TELEGRAMS.)

AMERICA.
(Br ATLANTIC TELEGRAPH.)
NEW YORK, Nov. 7.

The Democratic party have carried the elections
in Maryland and Delaware. The Republicans have
been victorious in New Jersey, and will probably
be successful in the State of New York.

The Hamburg American Company's steamship
Boruisia has arrived out.

ARRIVAL OF THE ARAGO.

FALMOUTH, Nov. 8.

The New York and Havre Company's United
States steamship Arago, from New York on the
27th October, arrived here this morning with 138
passengers, 59 bags of mails, $56,900 in specie, and
a full general cargo. After landing General Wm.
L. Duff, United States Consul to Glasgow, and 11
other passengers and the mails at Falmouth, she
proceeded for Havre.

ITALY.

FLORENCE, Nov. 8.

A despatch received here from Palermo announces
the arrest of several persons of position in that city,
among others the Bishop of Monreale, who have
been discovered to be implicated in the September
insurrectionary movement.