The Sun.
London, England, 1866-06-30 00:00:00

STATE OF TRADE:

MANCHESTER, June 29:---In shipping yarns there
has been rather more business to-day, and. orders of
fair amount have been given out at the extreme
prices asked by spinners. Prices were better at the
close than for some days past. In homOrade
yarns a fair, steady market is reported, witt►. a fair
demand, at the rates of Tuesday. In cloth .we con-
tinue to have a moderately good demanda demand
pretty nearly equal to the production ; and although
the market received a check through the disappoint-
ment felt that discounts were not lowered, it appears
to-day to have fully recovered itse)f.. The prices of
cloth are quite as high as on Tucday. •
----I.v.t.n:Alagi-P.lfiitin,erh-ttftradgjeport of the
Leeds Chamber of CommerC fur the of'
Juno

" Notwithstanding the monetary crisis of the last
six weeks, the woollen trade of Leeds has not as yet
materially suffered. June is always a quiet month
for the country trade, and a falling off at this sea-
son creates no surprise. Orders for small parcels
for sorting up stocks have been quite equal to for-
mer years. Buyers for the London and other
wholesale markets generally commence purchasing
for winter this month, and a moderate business
has been done by them. They are, however, act-
ing with great caution ; but owing to stocks of
Leeds goods in their hands being generally low,

more has been done than might have been ex-

petted. The shipping trade to the continent is at
a standstill, and to other markets is dull. The
manufacturers begin to feel the want of orders, but
have not so far materially lessened their production.
Stocks in the hall have to some extent accumulated,
but having previously been exceedingly low they are
still moderate. The woollen cap trade is quiet. The
sales of colonial wools concluded on the 23d inst.,
and comprised about 158,000 bales, the wide of
which may be roughly estimated at £4,000,000
sterling. Prices remained to the close without
material alteration from our last report. The French
buyers continue to operate freely, and it is calcu-
lated that not less than 70,000 bales were bought
for export. The home demand has been good, and
wools are rapidly going into consumption. The
English wool market has been very dull, and prices
in the course of the month h&c gone down consi-
derably. In the early part of the month the prices of
flax were very depressed. Latterly rather more busi-
ness has been done. Stocks are very low, and the
prospects of the coming crop being still, notwith-
standing the change of the weather, generally spoken
of as very unfavourable, prices are now firmer. There
is a fair demand for fine long tows. Very little is
doing in cut tows or codillas. Ilemps are firm. The
yarn trade has been very dull, the dearness of money
and the state of affairs on the Continent having
nearly stopped business. Prices are irregular,
and generally unsatisfactory. In some instances
machinery has been stopped. Stocks are becoming
large. Threads are in fair request, and prices about
the same. Very few orders have been received for
any descriptions of iron. The makers of merchants'
iron are doing little. For better sorts the makers
have still some fair orders in hand. The machine
makers are reducing the number of hands ; many
orders, especially for flax machinery for the conti-
nent, having been countermanded. The engineer
tool makers continue fairly employed. The loco-
motive and railway plant makers continue busy.
The cut nail trade is not quite so good as before.
The present position of the seed crushing and oil
trades is much the same as last month. The pros-
pect of the rape crop on the continent is very good,
and if the war does not interfere with the shipment
a large supply is looked for. Linseed is very firmly
held, as the quantity now afloat and expected
during the next six months is much smaller than
last year. Rape oil is in active demand, and
prices are well maintained. Linseed oil is in fair
consumption by the home trade, and the export
has been much larger than last month, at higher
rates. Owing to the favourable change in the
weather, cake is not wanted. There is a moderate
demand for olive oil, and prices are about the same
as last month. The leather trade has not been very
brisk, but on the whole there has been an improve-
ment on the previous month. There has been a fair
demand for shaved and common hides, which have
rallied a little in price. Strong butts are without
change. Rips and offal are not in quite such good
demand, and are rather easier in price. The farmers
and curriers are very fairly employed. The makers
of sanitary tubes and fire bricks are all very busy,
and the demand brisk. The shoe trade has ira-

proved, and all hands are in full work. Some con-
siderable contracts for shipping have been made.
The demand for paper has been moderately good.
Common qualities of material are lower. The
tobacco trade is dull, principally owing to the
[ weather being bad for keeping. The supply of

The Karnes Gunpowder Company's Works.
. Ai.
- (sr* I r•
~,.,* - Sciavice Croce:elle.); ,
A delightful t -; ; ir ,m Glasgow doWn the Clyde,
taking Greenock in' your passage, brings you to
\
Tighnabruich, the well-known watering plaeihilk
popularised by the well-to-do inhabitants
of Mat - ' -. crowded city. Three miles from thence, througha.,
country celebrated for its beautiful scenery, open. ' •
ing out as the pedestrian lengthens his distance
from the town, are situated the Karnes Gunpowder Works, attractive from the extent of ground they cover, .and the singular appearance the interior pre- ' ...';?. Bents, the buildings being constructed with all due
regard to safety. ' The charcoal, brimstone, and
saltpetre factories are about two miles in advance
of the main body of the buildings, and it is here ' -':''''
the managing partner of the works is to be found, ;d.
and will give every facility for inspecting the works.,
The ground occupied by these three factories is
about 10 acres, conveniently situated near the sea .
shore, where a fine quay has been constructed.
Having duly inspected these works and obtained
the information you sought for, you now proceed
onwards for about a mile to the main bodytsf the
works, a well constructed macadamised road lead-1,.
ing through the sweet-smelling-hiather....totk,t-toi3-
1 of the brae, from whence .they are seem stretching
along a charming vallebounded north and east by
the well wooded summits;' of Craignafcach (the
Ravens' Rocks), and
.branching out towards the
south in one/vastscene of unbroken verdure, ter-
minated by tfib Sound of Killbrannon, in the
midst of which towers the island of Arran, pre-
senting a coup (rail not to be surpassed by any,
other range in Scotland, if we:except Coolins, in
Skye.

Arriving at the factory, you are delivered over to
the foreman of the works, and begin your interest-
ing but somewhat fatiguing tour of observation, the
works cowling fully 50 acres, and the wooded
roads communicating with the several factories
present in their labyrinthian form to the visitor who
is not decidedly an athlete a somewhat formidable
task to be overcome. The first objects . pointed out -
to you are\ the saltpetre refineries, where this ma-
•
terial is.purified before passing into the composi-
tion-house, where it is mixed with charcoal anq.
brimstone, and after mixture put into barrels -f
501 b each, called charges. The charges are then
carted to the mills, apd spread under iron rollers of
from five to ten tons' weight. ..,:rho. nii,x.ture is
~
amalgathated ii. frcm one krar -and a quarter to ---..,
...4
six, or even eight hours, according to the deserip-
tion of powder to be made. Sporting powder re-
quires naciee time, blasting powder less. From the
mills the charges are taken to the press-rooms as
mill cakes, broken down, and put in Bramah
presses, where they are subjected to more or less
pressure, according to the required density. This
stage of the manufacture being reached, the powder
is taken to the granulating rooms, where it receives
its grain, coarse or fine, as required ; thence to the
glazing-house, where it is polished ; thence to the
dusting-house, to be cleaned. Finally, it is packed
in casks and canisters, and sent off to the magazine,
a large building standing fully half a mile from the
factory, and capable of holding from 300 to 40()
tons of powder. The time required to make a
barrel of sporting powder from beginning to finish
is about eight or ten days.

The object of this notice is, however, not so
much to give an elaborate account of the different
processes of manufacturing this destructive mate-
rial, as to show the advance which has been made
by modern art and science in reducing the risk to
those employed in it and narrowing the bounds of
its destructiveness. Every care that humanity
can suggest and science apply is employed to re-
strain its destructive powers, and provide against
those accidents arising from I causes which,
although rarely discovered when explosions
occur, are pretty well known. Every movement
from place to place at the Karnes Company's works
is on carefully constructed ways, and the workers
are under the strictest regulations. Every build-
ing is covered by an almost impenetrable roof and
a tank of water ; the houses are built within massive
walls, the sides on which the concussion in explosions
can take place being open to the free action of the
atmosphere, so that they may yield to it, and be
thrown out bodily, without endangering other
houses ; and the magazine is placed at a safe dis-
tance from the main body of the works.

The destructive effects of explosions taking place
in modern times are much less than in past years.
In great explosions the concussion of the airconveys
terror and apprehension for miles around, and much
damage is done to buildings within the compass of
its full force, but notwithstanding all this, there is
seldom any great loss of life, not so much, in
fact, as is recorded as periodically occurring in
mines, manufactories, or places where explosive
mixtures are made, or where the destructive powers
of steam and gas are exemplified. The yearly average
of deaths from these accidents at the Karnes works
is not more than one and a quarter per annum, an
insensible proportion, considering the great magni-
tude of the works and the casualties that occur in
every-day life. The workmen, fully sensible of this,
exhibit neither fear nor timidity, surrounded as they
are by the beauties of nature, in the midst of their
wives, families, and friends, and well cared for ;
they are cheerful and happy, being fully sensible
that prudence only is required to ensure immunity
from danger.

AERIAL NAVIGATION. —The recent attempts
praeticabley to
whichlloi.og
navigation
tahi
eanv
newee
the
air
is
as prove that the
ibernepnetiumsalfaroeminthteheiffs efforts of Dr. Andrews with
his Aereon. On Tuesday last the Daosctothre, toseglest:hheraswirteh-
Mr. Plumb, the secretary, made a second ascension. They
started on their atmospheric travels at a quarter to six,
determining to take advantage of the soft breezes of the
evening.
Upon starting the rudder caught and tho ship
drifted at will for some time, but after getting upon the
tops
of the houses the Doctor got control, and then took
entire command. He is corroborated in his statement that
he went entirely against the wind in the same manner that
a bird will do—just by zaising or lowering of the tail. The
theory seems to bo pretty well founded, and there are large
numbers of onr citizens who have sincere faith in its ulti-
mate success. After travelling some forty miles in the air
they landed at Jamaica, Long Island, with a stronger con-
viction than ever that the Aereon is soon to become a flying
fact. There are few who would not rejoice at its success.
From what was seen by those on terra firma the ship
worked admirably', going in various directions at the will
of the voyageurs. After receiving a hearty welcome from
the villagers, the ship was brought safely back to its start-
ing point at the corner of Greene and Houston-street, iu
this city.—New Fork Herald,

Erg

.44f`1-

THE LAST EDITION of " TIIE SUN "
kupplied as suou nd Published. coutatotrvg• all the
LATEST tIEWS And S2ORTING LNTELLIGENCE, by
H. W. HAIMIS, Newspaper Agent, Blaektriars-road,
London, S.

We arc very glad to find that the House of Lords
during its brief sitting yesterday afternoon did
good public service. The majority by which the
obnoxious Gas Light and Coke Bill was rejected
was indeed the narrowest majority possible, but the
effect is the same ; the bill is thrown out, and the
People's Park is respited at least for another year.
Their lordships have shown in this instance more
regard for the interests of the working classes than
the popular branch of the Legislature, and deserve
the gratitude of all inhabitants of our crowded
eastern parishes. The fact is that commercial
interests are so very strong in this country, and are
so forcibly represented in the Commons, that the
friends of air and space, and public health and en-
enjoyment require to be incessantly on the watch if
they would defeat any scheme whose object it is to
benerit trade at the expense of those intangible but
very positive possessions. As Earl NELSON, who
was the commander of the defending force last
evening, reminded their lordships, those who
are affected by this bill are not persons in
a position to appear by counsel before a Par-
liamentary committee, and consequently the usual
course of referring a disputed matter to a select
' committee would, in this case, be powerless to elicit
the truth. on a question of political importance,
and out of which political capital could be made, the
East-endians could no doubt find plenty of advo-
cates, but on a matter of this sort the business men
have it all their own way. Many noble lords and
honourable gentlemen think it an unanswerable ar-
gument to quote the decision of the committee
who have already inquired into the subject, but
they forget that before such a committee the
opponents of the Bill are not represented.
If they want to hear both sides of the case, they
should turn to the crowded meetings held in Victoria
Park to protest against the invasion of the terrible
enemy, and should recall the energetic and deter-
mined protest made (successfully) against the erec-
tion of large gasworks in the vicinity of a wealthier
district. Surely it does not need much evidence to
convince any one that the effect of immense gas-
works on trees, grass, and shrubs near
them must be prejudicial, nor that the smell
of gas would be a very unpleasant ex-
change for fresh air.
e
familiar with the neighbo
ritoosoe
dgoefn tt lheemme na n whoc t
ua
rr
ing districts can easily recall the effects produced
on vegetation by very strong gases or vapours. We

believe, indeed, it has been found necessary to pass
a bill in reference to noxious vapours. Victoria-
park has certainly no right to expect country air
or the suspension of all the trade of the vicinity for
its benefit, but the erection of extensive gas works
is a nuisance not to be tolerated in the midst
of a populous district. As the works in ques-
tion are to be brought into the neighbourhood,
and are not already in existence, there can be no
reason for introducing them. Gas works on a
large scale should certainly be extramural, and it is
only in a part too poor to defend its own in-
terests that they could be erected. Earl NELSON,
who, to his credit, moved the amendment rejecting
the bill, said that he had himself visited Victoria
Park, and he found that while on the eastern side
the foliage was fresh, green, and healthy ; on the
northern side the trees were beginning to fade from
the effect of some factories situated about half a
mile off. The proposed gas works are to be only at
a distance of about 600 yards, so that we may easily
foresee the consequences of the vapours which we
all know are constantly emitted from gas-works.
Since the introduction of railways into the metro-
polis, said Earl NELSON, thousands of poor persons
had been driven to reside in the outskirts, and a
place of recreation like Victoria-park was an enor-
mous boon to them. A clergyman in the neigh-
bourhood declares that he attributes the improve-
ment which has taken place of late years in the
health and morals of the poorer classes in his
parish in a great degree to the opening
of Victoria-park, by which they are able on
holidays and at spare times to obtain
innocent and wholesome recreation, instead of being
driven as before to the public-house for want of a
better place of resort. Surely such statements as
these are not to be lightly passed over, and because
the House of Commons has made a mistake, it is
no reason why the House of Lords should repeat it.
It was a narrow escape, and we hope that if a
similar bill should be presented to either House, it
will receive a much more decided dismissal; but
we are heartily glad that the beautiful park
is spared, and that the pleasant air of the
summer evenings is not to bo poisoned with tho
exhalations of gas works.

The public will now be able to appreciate more
fully the conduct of those gentlemen who compose
the Jamaica Committee. They have, after much
deliberation, resolved upon the adoption of a mea-
sure, which is sanctioned neither by reason nor
justice—namely, the prosecution of Mr. EYRE for
the murder of GORDON. If this end cannot be
attained by Government aid. it is intended that it
shall be conducted by private means. We are not
surprised that Mr. B UXTON has retired from the chair-
manship of the committee, in consequence of the deci-
sion on their part ; but we do not agree with
the arguments which he makes use of to illustrate
his meaning. He certainly exonerates Mr. EYRE
from the charge which the zealous apologists of the
negro-insurrectionists have brought against him ;.
but, at the same time, he considers his dismissal
from his position to be not only deserved, but far
from an adequate visitation for his offence. Mr.
EYRE, he says, " has been dismissed with severe
censure, thoroughly indorsed by the British public,
and it would be impossible for any Government
again to employ an official whose misconduct
has been so fully exposed." Mr. BUXTON entirely
misstates things in these remarks, and so far from
concurring with his remarks, we trust that the new
Administration now forming may render justice to
the services of this ill-used officer, who so zealously
served his country at a critical juncture. At the
commencement of the session the noble earl, now to
to be Premier, expressed his indignation at
the treatment that Mr. ETRE had re-
ceived at the hand of Earl RUSSELL'S Go-
vernment. Nothing has appeared in the
evidence before the Commissioners to invalidate
this remark; and indeed we suspect that Mr. BRIGHT
and some of his friends are greatly disappointed at
the tone of the Commissioners' report. They admit
that the safety of the island was attributable to the
exertions of Mr. ETRE, and that a secret desire
prevailed for a wide-spread rebellion. To reward
these efforts, the zealous members of the Jamaica
Committee would call Mr. ETRE to the bar of justice,
there to answer to a charge of murder. Much as
we regret that any body of Englishmen should so
far forget what is due to a deserving man, we are
convinced that their attacks will recoil on them-
selves, and that, should they persevere, they will
be treated with the contempt they deserve.

The Great Eastern has once again started on her
mission to unite the two hemispheres, and every
one must wish her full success. The disappoint-
ment of last year was great and grievous, indeed,
but it did not discourage or dishearten the conduc-
tors of the enterprise. Englishmen are made of
sterner stuff, and their energies generally gather
rigour from reverses or delays. No doubt the
failure has been useful in many respects, and the
errors or mistakes which led to it cannow be avoided.
Certainly the interest felt in the exploit is not
in any way diminished by the lapse of time, if we
are to judge by the crowds of visitors who yesterday
besieged the monster ship, entreating permission to
view the arrangements for laying down the one
cable and picking up the other. The much-coveted
permission was necessarly withheld in many cases,
but a sufficient number succeeded in getting on
board to make the Great Eastern, floating city
though she is, a very busy and crowded
place. In truth the enterprise is one which all
must watch with keen interest, and hope that it
may prove ultimately successful. Of the result of
the enterprise—the laying down of the new cable
—those concerned are most sanguine. The chancel:
of recovering the other aro necessarily leas, but of
that there is also reasonable hope. So with sun-
shine above and smooth seas beneath the Great
Eastern sets forward on her journey ; and we hope
before many weeks are over we shall have nem s of
the successful laying of the cable brought by the
cable itself.

The Reform Demonstration on Wednesday
Night.

TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUN.

SIR,-It having been stated in the Times news-
paper of this day that the ladies of Mrs. Gladstone's
family accepted the honour of an ovation on Wed-
nesday evening from an assemblage which the same
journal describes as " persons of the lowest class,"
1 beg, without entering into any question as to the
delicacy and propriety of this style of criticism
upon those who ought certainly to be exempt from
it, to say that on the evening in question, during
my absence from home, officers of police came to
my house and stated that a very large number of
persons who were gathered in front of it, along
Carlton House-terrace, and towards Pall-mall,
would disperse speedily, as well as quietly, if Mrs.
Gladstone would appear in the balcony, and they
requested that she would be good enough to do so
accordingly. This desire of the police was conveyed
to my wife, and she did what was asked, as she
thought, for the public convenience and in deference
to the representatives of public authority. I must
add that Mrs. Gladstone and other witnesses were
struck with the respectable appearance and good
order of those who composed the large
laE. G
rgearAepunsbTloaxgEe:—
I have, &c.,

11, Carlton House-terrace, June 29.

LATEST INTELLIGENCE.

(REUTER'S TELEGRAMS.)

THE WAR IN GERMANY.
THE BATTLES IN BOHEMIA.
VIENNA, June 29, 8.15 p.m.
The following official despatch relates to the
battles of the 28th inst. :

PARDUBITZ, June 29.

The Prussians were yesterday completely de-
feated by the Austrian forces, under General von
Gablenz. Leavingbehind 1,000 killed and wounded,
they withdrew to Prussian territory towards Glatz.
After occupying Jicin yesterday the Prussians
were attacked by the cavalry division of General
von Edelsheim. They were driven out of Jicin and
repulsed towards Turnau. In consequence of this
defeat the Prussians last night evacuated Melnik,
Bauba, and Leipa, and withdrew in great haste to
Niemes. The Prussian losses by General von Edel-
sheim's attack were enormous.

The strategic operation of the Austrian army was
completely successful. The junction of Prince Fre-
derick Charles with the army of Silesia was

prevented.
The Austrian loss in the battles of the last three
days is estimated at nearly 2,000 killed and
wounded ; the Prussian loss is at least equal.

BERLIN, June 29.

The Garde de Corps (Life Guards) yesterday
defeated the 10th Austrian Army Corps under
General von Gablenz, after an obstinate engage-
ment. The Austrians lost several thousand pri-
soners, some field pieces, and a large quantity of
war material.

Prince Frederick Charles, in junction with Ge-
neral Herrwarth Bitterfeld, captured Munchen-
griitz yesterday after a successful engagement with
the Austrians, capturing 800 prisoners. The enemy
retired to Fiirstenbriick with the loss of 2,000 men.
The Prussian loss was much less.

Yesterday the Prussian sth corps, under General
Steinmetz, which on the 27th drove back the
Austrian Ramming corps to Josephstadt, again
compelled the enemy to retire after a severe con-
test. Numerous trophies were captured by the
Prussians.

REICIIENBERG, June 29.
The King of Prussia and Prince Charles are ex
petted here to-morrow.

FRANKFORT-ON-THE-MAINE, June 29.

The whole Federal army in Frankfort and its
environs has set out upon the march. An engage-
ment is shortly expected.

BERLIN, June 29.

The greatest enthusiasm prevails in this city on
account of the success of the Prussian arms yester-
day.

Au immense crowd assembled before the royal
palace to-day and paraded the streets with flags.
A congratulatory address to the King is iu pre-
paration.

FRANCE.
BounsE, June 29.—Three o.cloel:.—The marke
closed as follows :

41 per Cents 92 75
Do. end month —
3 per Cents. 63 25
Do. end month 63 21
Credit Mobilier
Do. end month
Credit Fonder —
Do. end month 1135

Bank Shares 3435
Italian Loan 39 40
Do. end month 39 SO
Mexican Loan —
Do. Bonds —
Spanish Threes
Home Debt —
Deferred

rAYI3.

For Account.
Orleans
Northern 1065
Lyons and Mediterranean 783 75
Southern 5lO - -
Western
Eastern
Sardinian
Austrian
Lombard 278 75
North of Spain B5
Saragossa
Ditto to Barcelona —
Roman —

Pnblic Opinion and the War.

On the famous oldabattie-fields of Middle Europe
two great rivals are now striving for mastery. As
we read the news of the capture of cities, the over-
running of provinces and states, the conflict of
mighty armies, the terrible slaughter of the van-
quished, and the scarcely less terrible slaughter of
the victors, we cannot but form decided opinions
of the merits of the struggle ; we cannot but feel
decided sympathies for the one side or the other.
Opinions and sympathies we must acquire; the only
question in the matter is, Shall they be the result of
ignorance and prejudice, worked upon by a succes-
sion of fortuitous circumstances ; or shall they be
the result of reason and judgment, and educated
thought and feeling? We trust the latter, for in
these conflicts of great armies, mighty issues of
human destiny are involved, and we the onlookers
are not merely idle spectators ; we are all in some
slight degree, for good or for evil, co-partners in
the work.

On the Western Continent a terrible struggle
has lately come to an end in the preservation of the
vigorous life, the vast vital energy of a great, glorious,
and a free republic--in the disinthralment of millions
of slaves —in the overturning of the very founda-
tions of human bondage. Yet people in Europe
were so careless of the questions at issue—they
thought them of so little importance—that they were
constantly reading to America lessons for disturbing
the commerce of the world, when it was so easy to
preserve the peace by giving to the slaveholders all
that they required ! To a great extent statesmen
and people neglected to study the vital issues of the
war, and honestly gave sympathy, encouragement,
and active aid to a cause the success of which
would have darkened the prospects of the human
race. The strong encouragement which the Con-
federates received in Europe had a decided
influence on the character and duration of the war,
and it was, therefore, a most serious evil.
In the present struggle, let us learn a lesson from
that which has so lately ended. Law and justice,
liberty and progress, will be found involved. Let us
be earnest—let us be accurate. Let us have good
and clear reasons for all our sympathies and all our
hopes. Let us also criticise fairly all the parties
engaged in the struggle. All who do this will bene-
ficially influence public opinion, and public opinion
should be made to exercise its utmost influence on
the length, character, and issues of a war which ig
about to change the relations of the peoples of a
Continent.—Anylo-American Times.

THE ABODES OF BLISS.—At the Millenhall Petty
Sessions, Richard Gayton and William Mutum, labourers,
wore charged with poaching, on the 3d inst., on the manor
of one Baron de Bliss, at Brandon. John Wharfe, the
baron's keeper, deposed to having seen the defendants fer-
reting rabbits, and they did not deny that they were so en-
gaged. Seeing the keepers coming up, they ran away,
whereupon Wharfe loosed and set upon them an enormous
mastiff, which pulled one of them down and bit him se-
verely. Then the keepers came up, beat the man violently,
and secured Mutum as he lay bleeding and insensible on the
ground. The Suffolk magistrates, in consideration of the
punishment which the men had received from the baron's
keepers and mastiff, mitigated the penalty which they im-
posed upon the rabbit poachers to two months' imprison-
ment, at the expiration of which termtheyaro to find :sure-
ties for 12 months' good behaviour, or to undergo six
months' further incarceration. It did not appear that either
Gayton or Mutual had offered any resistance to their cap-
tors, or that they had any firearms with them. Surely
this is a case for the interposition of Sir George Grey.
Are keepers justified in hounding down unresisting and
unarmed men—albeit poachers—with mastiffs, and in
beating them when caught by their dogs until they are insen-
sible ? And who is the Baron de Bliss ? What European
or other potentate has confeiTed upon him that singularly
happy title ? Has he her Majesty's licence to bear it, or if
it a mere titre de fantaisie? Is he aware of the amount os
pecuniary damages to which the ferocity of his keel:oust and
their mastiff will assuredly render him liable if some clover
attorney takes up the case of Mutual and Gayton ?—Pall-
mall Gazette.

EXETER HALL—The National Choral Society
will give its last concert this season on Wednesday next.
" Acis and Galatea," and Locke's "Macbeth" music, &c.,
will bo performed. The principal soloists engaged are
Madame Parepa, Miss Lucy Franklein, Mr. Leigh Wilson,
and Mr. Santley. Madlle. Mariot do Beauvoisin will be
the pianist, and Mr. J. G. Boardman will preside at the
organ. Full band and chorus of 700 performers; con-
ductor, Mr. G. W..Martna.

Neutrality During the War.

(From the London Gazette of last night)
Copy of a letter addressed by the Earl of Claren
don to the Lords Commissioners of the Ad
miralty.*

" Foreign-office, June 26, 1866.
" My Lords—Her Majestylbeing fully determined
to observe the duties of neutrality during the exist-
ing hostilities between the Emperor of Austria, the
King of Prussia, the King of Italy, and the German
Confederation, and being moreover resolved to pre-
vent, as far as possible, the use of her Majesty's
harbours, ports, and coasts, and the waters within
her Majesty's territorial jurisdiction, in aid of the
warlike purposes of either belligerent, has com-
manded me to communicate to your lordships, for
your guidance, the following rules, which are to be
treated and enforced as her Majesty's orders and
directions :

"Her Majesty is pleased further to command that
these rules shall be put in force in the United King-
dom and in the Channel Islands on and after the
4th day of July, and in her Majesty's territories and
possessions beyond the seas six days after the day
when the governor or other chief authority of each
of such territories or possessions respectively shall
have notified and published the same ; stating in
such notification that the said rules arc to be obeyed
by all persons within the same territories and pos-
sessions.
" 1. During the continuance of the present hos-
tilities, all ships of war of either belligerent are pro-
hibited from making use of any port or roadstead
in the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ire-
land, or in the Channel Islands, or in any of her
Majesty's colonies or foreign possessions, or depen-
dencies, or of any waters subject to the territorial
jurisdiction of the British Crown as a station or
place of resort for any warlike purpose, or for the
purpose of obtaining any facilities of warlike equip-
ment ; and no ship of war of either belligerent shall
hereafter be permitted to sail out of or leave any
port, roadstead, or waters subject to British jurist
diction, from which any vessel of the other bellige-
rent (whether the same shall be a ship of war or a
merchant ship) shall have previously departed, until
after the expiration of at least 24 hours from the
departure of such last-mentioned vessel beyond the
territorial jurisdiction of her Majesty.
" 2. If any ship of war of either belligerent shall,
after the time when this order shall be first notified
and put in force in the United Kingdom and in the
Channel Islands, and in the several colonies and
foreign possessions and dependencies of her Majesty
respectively, enter any port, roadstead, or waters
belonging to her Majesty, either in the United
Kingdom or in the Channel Islands, or in any of
her Majesty's colonies or foreign possessions or
dependencies, such vessel shall be required to de-
part and to put to sea within 24 hours after her
entrance into such port, roadstead, or waters,
except in case of stress of weather or of her requir-
ing provisions or things necessary for the subsist-
ence of her crew, or repairs ; in either of which
cases the authorities of the port or of the nearest
port (as the case may be) shall require her to put
to sea as soon as possible after ' the, expiration of
such period of 24 hours, without permitting her to
take in supplies beyond what may be neces-
sary for her immediate use ; and no such vessel
which may have been allowed to remain within
British waters for the purpose of repairs shall con-
tinue in any such port, roadstead, or waters, for a
longer period than 24 hours after her necessary re-
pairs shall have been completed. Provided, never-
theless, that in all cases in which there shall be any
vessels (whether ships of war or merchant ships) of
the said belligerent parties in the same port, road-
stead, or waters, within the territorial jurisdiction
of her Majesty, there shall be an interval of not less
than 24 hours between the departure therefrom of
any such vessel (whether a ship of war or a merchant
ship) of the one belligerent, and the subsequent de-
parture therefrom of any ship of war of the other
belligerent ; and the time hereby limited for the de-
parture of such ships of war respectively shall
always, in case of necessity, be extended so far as
may be requisite for giving effect to this proviso,
but not further or otherwise.

"3. No ship of war of either belligerent shall
hereafter be permitted, while in any port, roadstead,
or waters subject to the territorial jurisdiction of
her Majesty, to take in any supplies, except provi-
sions and such other things as may be requisite for
the subsistence of her crew, and except so much coal
only as may be sufficient to carry such vessel to the
nearest port of her own country, or to some nearer
destination, and no coal shall be supplied to any
such ship of war in the same or in any other port,
roadstead, or waters subject to the territorial juris-
diction of her Majesty, without special permission,
until after the expiration of three months from the
time when such coal may have been last suppled to
her within British waters as aforesaid.

" 4. Armed ships of either party are interdicted
from carrying prizes made by them into the ports,
harbours, roadsteads, or waters of the United King-
dom or any of her Majesty's colonies or possessions
abroad.—l am, &c.,
(Signed)

" CLARENDON."

1 Similar letters have been addressed to tho Treasury,
Ilome-office, Colonial-office, War-office, and India-office.

SONG BIRDS OF JAMAICA.—In such a region
of vegetable luxuriance wo might expect animal life to dis-

play its wonders and varieties of being, and hero the
numerous tribes of gay plumaged and vocal birds, the
brilliant and sometimes huge reptiles, and the innume-
rable moths, flies, leaping and bounding things, add the
charm of animated and sensuous existence to wilds which,
however beautiful, were otherwise but tame and unattrac-
tive. In the lonely dells of the forest, where the crystal
brook brawls among the pebbles, the kildeo plover wheels
in swift flight around the traveller's head ; in the rushy
shallows the snowy gaulin is seen watching for its aquatic
prey, and from the underwood, hard by, the soft cooing of
the peadoves comes mournfully, yet soothingly, to the ear;
while now and then the plump bird alights on the sword
to pick the fallen fruit of the pimento trees, or to look upon
the observer with its full, liquid, gentle eyes. In the same
spots may be heard the note of the pretty Jamaica sparrow,
repeating " tichicro ! chi-chi-tichicro " from his grassy
cover ; and where the orange groves and pimento trees
fringe the way to the negro village, the wild canary hops
and twitters—an imported stranger, who has lost in song
what he has gained in colour. Numerous pigeons and
partridges are common in these woods, and the green tody,
or robin redbreast of the colonists, is particularly abundant,
and though with brighter colouring than our own robin,
with much the same fearless habit—sitting on the roadside
bush, and almost brushing the face of the traveller as he
passes. Among the mountains of,the Blue2old ridge there
are row was, but such as are found aro of peculiar inte-
rest. The jabbering crow gives utterance to strange arti-
culations, as, from the topmost branch of the highest tree,
he calls on his fellows, or sails on labouring wings from
one tree to another. This is the region, too, of the solitaire
—a mysterious recluse—who just before daybreak ravishes
the ear of the wanderer with his fluto-like tones, which
fall like the measured note of a psalm. Ono, and another,
and another, take up the strain, till the mellow tones come
from all parts of the surrounding woods, startling the ear
when not accustomed to it, and charming it when it is.
The lovely humming-bird, too, is a frequenter of these
regions, and flits and hovers about the flowering trees all
day long, sipping with its long bill the honey from their
blossoms, and peeping fearlessly under the broad hat of the
wanderer, almost startling him with their matchless beauty
of metallic plumage, changing into innumerable shades of
lustre with the fitful motions of the bee-like bird. At
night every part of the island is vocal with the varied song
of the mocking bird—the nightingale of the tropics. Under
the blue sky and silver moonlight which in Jamaica sur-
passes in their beauty the brightest imaginings of modern
poots—tho soft cadences of the breeze sweeping over the
grassy sward, or rustling through the embowered woods,
is delightfully varied with the notes of this prince of
songsters, who, taking his seat on the highest twig of an
orange tree, pours forth rich and solemn gushes of melody,
as earnestly as if his soul were in his song. A rival from
a neighbouring tree commences a similar strain, and now
the two birds exert all their powers in rivalry, until the blue
midnight rings with bursts, and swells, and tender cadences
as if the stars themselves were . singing. Ribberd's
Gardeners' Magazine.
The Toronto (Canada) Leader makes the death of
General Scott the occasion for a puff for ono of its patrons
thus :—" At the battle of Queenstown Heights, where the
British forces achieved such a signal victory over the
Americans, General Scott was taken prisoner by Mr.
Rogers, hatter of this city." Since the termination of the
reciprocity treaty the Canadians have an eye to busi-
ness.

The roountainsin Washington, Massachusetts, are
being employed by scientific men for the purpose of ascer-
taining their mineral wealth. Lead, iron, and emery are
supposed to abound there in great quantities.

The Battle of Custozza.

PARIS, June 28.

The following detailed acc3unt of the battle of
Custozza, from the pen of Signor Petrucelli de la
Gattina, is published by the Journal des Debats,---
" GOITO, June 25.

" On the morning of the 24th we wore encamped
on Austrian territory from Montanara to Somata
Campagna. We„ crossed the Mincio the previous
night at Goito and Borghetto, and we extended our
line, alas! along the left bank of the river. The
headquarters were at Cerlungo, three kilometres
from Goito, commanding the position. Now, what
was the object of General La Marmora ? If I con-
jecture rightly, he wished by a bold movement to
open a passage between Peschiera and Verona and
to take up a position on the heights of the latter
fortress. The plan was good, but the troops to
whom this bold stroke was entrusted were but few
in number, consisting of a part only of the Bixio
and Cuja divisions, with four squadrons, two of
lancers, 'two of hussars, and two batteries of artil-
lery, in all 10,000 or 12,000 men.

" I ought to add that my information upon this
matter is very incomplete, for while they were fight-
ing we were being sent, escorted by two carabineers,
to obtain passes at headquarters. The day before
yesterday (23d inst.), at one o'clock in the morning,
an officer of the staff brought an order for the troops
which had scarcely arrived to march, and encamp
between Salionse,and d'Oliosi. Before them in the
distance, shining under the moonlight, lay the suc-
cession of plateaux rising one above the other which
extends between Peschiera and Verona. At three
o'clock in the morning the Italians rested on the
western side of Somma Campagna, and the Aus-
trians on the eastern side, facing Verona. The
object of the Italians was to exercise a pressure
on this side of the Austrians in order to drive them
into a sort of hollow at the foot of the hill, and then
to surround and beat them. Such, at least, is what
I learn from an officer who took
.a brilliant part in
the action. This plan succeeded. The Austrians
were dislodged from their position by the Italian
artillery, aided by an attack of the Bersaglieri, not-
withstanding their determined resistance with the
bayonet, and the shower of grape kept up by their
batteries, which were posted upon a more elevated

plateau.
" In descending into the valley a part of the Am-
trians took to flight, wale the rest occupied a
country house and the neighboring farms, every-
where defending themselves with artillery. The
Italian artillery arrives in its turn. The 64th wheels
round upon the position, and the Austrians are
again dislodged. They then ascended another
height, and an Austrian battery was at the same time
unmasked. It was now noon, and the army had
been fighting since three o'clock in the morning.
The 3d and 4th Italian line regiments, exposed to
oblique artillery fire, laid down behind the walls of
a farm, and remained impassable beneath the mur-
derous hail showered upon them. They re-
mained there until fou7 o'clock in the afternoon.
General Cugia comes to their assistance. His sol-
diers leave their knapsacks in the corn fields and
advance at quick step up the hill, in order to silence
the fatal battery which mowed down and paralysed
part of our forces. They charge three times, and
are as often repulsed. But the 3d and 4th line re-
giments had already re-formed and entered action,
being protected by a battery placed on their flank.
At the same moment an officer of the staff brings
the news that a column of fresh troops, having left
Verona without knapsacks, is rapidly advancing
upon them. They look for help on all sides, but
not a single Italian soldier comes to their as-
sistance.

" The order for retreat is given. It was executed
with regularity, under the protection of the Italian
battery, until a fresh Austrian battery, planted upon
another and higher hill, commanded the Italian
guns. The Italian drivers could then no longer
control their horses, the battery was cv_slodged, and
the retreat thus no longer protected. The Italians
fall back rapicl'y, lem:ng the'r knapsacks where
they had set them down among the corn before at-
tempting to carry the h;11. by assar't.
"Such, without reticence, is the recital which has
been made to me. A retaliation for th;s check will
probably be made shortly. No- news of either
Garibald', Uialdini, or the fleicat piesent.-111 any
rumours, but these Ido not mention. I shall re-
turn to this matter when I obtain official informa-
tion, but not too official.

" The Italians have been beaten, but the temper
of the army has been tried and found excellent, and
that is all—fourteen hours' battle. The fault of
not.sending up reinforcements in time, which would
have decided the day in our favour, will be re -
paired, if only there were not so many killed
and wounded on both sides.

MR. GEORGE HUDSON.—At the Judge's Cham-
bers yesterday, in the case of " Bartlett v. Hudson," an
application was made to Mr. Justice Shee for the dis-
charge of Mr. George Hudson, the defendant, who had
been arrested when it was alleged he was privileged, and
taken to Whitecross-street prison. Mr. Cohen, barl:ster,
appeared in suppoit of the application, and Mr. Holl
showed cause. On the sth inst. Mr. Hudson had attended
the chambers of the Master of the Rolls in reference to his
estates in Yorkshire, and in Pall-mall, opposite the Carlton
Club, was arrested at the suit of the plaintiff, a mortgage
creditor for upwards of £13,000. He was taken to White-
cross-street prison, where ho had remained. There was
some discrepancy as to the time Mr. Hudson had left the
chambers and when he reached Pall-mall. He had been
in conversation with hig attorney, and Mr. Cohan showed
from a cited case that on the way home of a party in a
cause reasonable time was to be allowed, and he might
even dine with hiss attorney. Mr. Hell left the question of
privilege to the learned Judge. Of course there would
be no action for the arrest. His Lordship held that Mr.
Hudson was privileged, and made an order for his dis-
charge from the custody of the sheriff. Mr. Constable,
the keeper of Whitecross-street priscn, was in attendance.
The defendant was ordered to be released.

THE MARRIAGE PREPARATIONS AT WINDSOR
CASTLE.—Yesterday the preparations at Windsor
Castle for :he marriage of her Royal Highness Princess
Helena and Prince Christian were in a very forward state.
In the private chapel, which is a small apartment situated
in the midst of the suite of rooms occupied by the Queen
and royal family, and adjoining St. George's-hall, a tem-
porary gallery hats been fitted with rows of seats reaching
nearly to the ceiling, and covered with crimson cloth. At
present the body of the chapel is without sittings, having
been cleared in a similar manner to Kew Church on the
occasion of the marriage of Princess Mary, though doubt-
less chairs will bo placed for the use of the Queen and
royal family. The state apartments on the north side, in-
cluding the Vandyke Gallery,-Zuccarelli Room, and King's
and Queen's closets, are nearly ready for the nuptial festi-
vities, having been furnished in the same style as when
occupied by the Emperor and Empress of the French.

We understald that the marriage of the Earl of
Brecknock with Lady Cornelia Churchill is to be solem-
nised on the 12th proximo.
The Countess of Portsmouth has left Cataldi's
Hotel for Devonshire.

TROTTING MATCH AGAINST TIME FOR 2.so.—Yes-
terday the match in which Capt. Chisholm engaged to trot
his mare Clarissa a astance of three miles in 11 minutes,
for £5O, was decided over a level piece of ground near
Croydon. The mare covered the first mile in 3 min. 42
sec. ; tho second mile was got ovor in 3 min. 45 sec. ; and
tko whole distance, without one break, in 10 min. 40 sec.

A WIDOW LADY FOUND DROWNED.—On Thurs-
day an inquest was held in the Holloway-road, on

the body of Mrs. Frances Milton, a widow lady, aged 60.
The body was taken out of the New River, near the Canon-
bury-road-bridge, on Saturday night last, about an hour
after the deceased had left her home to get a lotion for
application to a bad eye. The evidence entirely contra-
dicted any supposition that the deceased had meditated
suicide, and her daughter was of opinion that she had
gone to the river to damp her handkerchief to place on her
eye, and fell into the water. The ju-y returned a verdict
of Found Drowned.

VOLUNTEER REVIEW.—Every arrangement has
been made at Woolwich garrison for the annual
review and field day of the whole of the artillery and rifle
volunteer force of the county of Kent, in conjunction with
the regular troops, which will take place this afternoon on
Woolwich Common. Tho volunteers will assemble at
three o'clock, when the prizes won by the successful com-
petitors at the annual prize shooting at Hythe will be dis-
tributed by Viscount Sydney, lord lieutenant of the county,
after which the field operations will commence, the pro-
gramme of which includes the complete details of a sham
fight, and an attack and defence of Seven Droog Castle on
Shooter's Hill. The batteries of siege and foot artillery,
and the royal marines as infantry will take part with the
volunteers in the evolutions of the day ; and the whole
force will be under the direction of Major-General Warde,
commandant of the garrison.