The Sun.
London, England, 1866-12-18 00:00:00

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will withdraw from Mexico and co-operate with the,
United States to restore a Republican form of.
Government. The French EurEuon, he adds,
favours the uncontrolled election of a Pre-
sident by the Mexicans themselves. Per-
haps ho is not unnaturally a little sus-
picious cf the attitude which Mexico's powerful
and domineering neighbour may assume when once
there is a reasonable excuse for active interference.

The extreme prominence which is just now given
to the Mexican question by the Government of the
States may possibly be due, however, rather to
\their desire to divert the minds of the people front
domestic matters. Foreign affairs give them safe
subjects for that excitement and agitation which is
always going on more or less in America, and since
the Mexican question involves the two favourite
theories of America—Republicanism and the
lIIoNitoE doctrine—it tends to
_make the Go-
vernment popular if they take it up
heartily. Fenianism is going out of fashion. The
need for the Irish vote is over, and that has no
doubt a good share in opening the eyes of the
Americans on both sides to their absurdities. Their
proceedings in Ireland, it is fair to admit, and the
extravagances of the leaders in the States them-
selves, have had a share in the disenchantment.
The condemned Fenians in Canada have been re-
spited until the 13th of March, some say with a
view to giving time to hear from England, but
more likely to watch the course of events, and see
what position Fenianism is in by that time.
The intelligence brought by the City of Baltimore
is of course very little more than we had yesterday.
We learn, indeed, that the Alabama Legislature
has rejected the Constitutional Amendment, thus
adding another to the list of States who have re-
fused to accept the Radical ultimatum. But, in
fact, the Radicals have as yet said very little about
the Constitutional Amendment. They are intoxi-
cated with their temporary triumph, and would not
now be satisfied with the measures they proposed
last session. The opening of Congress was signalised,
as we have seen, by the introduction of extreme
measures, rendering the PRESIDENT almost a nonen-
tity, and showing the utmost vindictiveness towards
the South. But although such intemperance gives
but a cheerless prospect for the future, there is some
reason to hope that the Radicals may effect them-
selves what their antagonists, have failed to accom-
plish. Like most parties who are arrogant and
eager for power, they are divided among themselves.
Their leaders in the two houses do not always agree,
neither can their followers always agree with them
or with each other. Then, notwithstanding the
large majorities which the dominant party
has succeeded in obtaining, there are many
persons of influence and intelligence who
object alike to their harshness towards the

It appears that a new style is about to be tried
by the Berlin Government, and after oppressing
and injuring their opponents all that they could,
they now seek—by an affectation of goodwill and
an abundant display of courtesy—to make a good
appearance. The King of PRUSSIA went a station
on the line of railway to meet the King of SAXONY.
It is said that a very cordial meeting took place.
When that royal party reached Berlin a very grand
affair took place, the military bands playing the
Saxon hymn, and the Royal Princes and the chief
functionaries of State coming to do honour to the
royal visitor. All this seems very promising, no
doubt, but we may ask, What good will it do, and
what advantage will Saxony reap by the transac-
tion ? The whole thing reminds one of the senti-
ment uttered concerning the different treatment to-
wards the men of the present and past—" If I were
a statesman, I'd have the epitaph living, rather in-
stead of the epigram dead." So the King of SAXONY
would have fared better with his courtesy after the
terms of the Treaty of Peace had been signed, and
with more consideration before. We should feel
good confidence in all the expressions of good-will
on the part of the Prussians if they would condescend
to be a little more fair in the arrangements they
make. But when we find that self rules the day in
everything of a lasting nature and a definite char-
actor, we look with suspicion on acts of courtesy
that are made to take the place of substantial acts
of grace, and instead of looking appropriate as an
addition they appear contemptible as a substitute.
As for those unfortunate Hanoverian officers who
seem likely to be the chief victims of the war, we
are indeed most sorry for them, and they have
been unfairly treated. The last news is that they have
applied to the Prussian authorities at Berlin to know
effect that the KING will
they have received
what is to be theirfate,„d
to the
a replyconsider
their position, and that the Governor-General of
llauover will acquaint them with the result of the
deliberations in conformity with the instructions he
has already received. It is really too bad that these
officers should be sacrificed to Prussian greed, and
that they should be compelled to forego their hopes
of honourable distinction, in order that the sway of
KING WILLIAM should be complete in their king_
dom. It is this arbitrary mode of proceeding
that does so much harm to the reputation
of the Prussian rulers and statesmen, and
this total disregard of the feelings of those whom the
fortune of war or the chances of circumstances have
thrown into their power. It is contrary to the re-
cognised principles and the established rules among
civilised nations that such conduct should be wit-
nessed in a country like Prussia ; and it is a great
mistake to think that any nation, however great,
rich, or powerful, can be independent of public
opinion. Sooner or later it will require support or
sympathy from without ; and woe betide the land
whose rulers have been devoid of consideration, and
whose people have aided and abetted them in their
work of spoliation.
The Chamber of Deputies in the annexation
Committee, yesterday, signified their approval of
the treaty between the Prussian Government and
the Grand Dude of Oldenburg, according to which
the latter renounces his claims to the Holstein suc-
cession, on condition that a small portion of the
territory of Holstein may be added to him, or an
end me
indemnity of a million tbalers.
rrirhewi militaryts"
know
Nfv w Germanyho is
theirwillmaster,soon b be
and
the
to
to whom they
guidance. It seems that by the Constitution of North
Germany the military oath of fidelity to the King
of PRUSSIA will be combined •
with the oath of alle-
giance to the Sovereigns of the States to which the
soldiers belong. This will be very confusing, to
say the least of it, and the very fact of one Power

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South, and to their extravagant eagerness to push
the negro to political and social equality with the
white. Then the commercial circles are naturally
influenced by the depression of trade consequent
upon the unsettled condition in which the Radicals
persist in keeping the country, and all ranks are
well aware that the position to which Mr. STEVENS
and his associates are trying to reduce the Southern
States will be simply intolerable to free-born Ameri-
cans. No one really desirous for prosperity and comfort
wishes for another civil war, yet this is to what the
Radical policy is inevitably tending. Such signs
are discouraging in one sense, but hopeful in another,
inasmuch as the general disaffection may tend to
break the yoke which the Radicals are trying to
force on North and South alike.

ft-
e; e ~,,....ffipal -,,ult
J., ..".,,,,,--_ -, --\'' v

LONDON, TUESDAI, DEC. 18, 1866.

It seems from the news brought by the City of
Baltimore from New York, on the Bth inst., that
the state of affairs in Mexico continues to occupy a
good deal of attention from the Government of the
Unitel States. Mr. SEWARD has sent instructions
to Mr. c A XPRELL to proceed to the seat of the
Government of JUAREZ, and to furnish the Ameri-
can Government with information respecting the
condition of affairs, but to be careful to enter into
no stipulations with either MAx -
timiLtaiN or thees
French. Mr. SEWARD adds that the (hit States
desire neither to conquer nor to purchase Mexican
territory, but only to see the country relieved from
foreign military intervention. The American Go_
vernment have apparently determined to support the
cause of JUAREZ unreservedly. General SEDGWICK
has been ordered to Washington, to be tried by
court-martial, for violation of orders, in occupying
Matamoros. According to despatches from Wash-
ington, published in the New York papers, which,
however, are by no means unexceptionable autho-
rities, state that Mr. BIGELOW Las telegraphed to
his Government to the effect that he is convinced
of NAroLLoN's good faith, and that he believes he j

being so much more in the ascendant than the others
will totally destroy the idea of union, and prevent the
p supposed advantages of the combination from taking
effect. At any rate it is very unfair to the members
of the various forces, for it must tend to deteriorate
their character and detract from their efficiency
Ithus to find themselves at the beck and call of so
many leaders, and to feel that they had no definite
;head in their own legitimate sphere. The condition
of the German officers and soldiers will inevitably
suffer from all this mixture of authority, and we
can easily fancy that those who are able will retire
from the service rather than remain in so ignomi-
nious a state. With one thing and another there
is enough to consider in these changes and altera-
tions in Germany, and the more we reflect upon
their consequences the more do we doubt their
wisdom or their efficacy. The subject presses itself
upon the mind all the more from the fact that the
time is fast approaching when some of the most
notable designs will be put into execution. Last
Saturday the Conferences relating to the Con-
stitution of the New Confederation were opened
by a speech from Count BISMARCK, and
so we may fairly expect to see the system
fairly commenced. We wish for the prosperity of
Germany, and the good of other nations, as well as
for the sake of peace and the highest interests of
civilisation, and that we have a chance, distant or
remote, of somethingbeing effected that would be for
the gain of the States most immediately concerned ;
but we are afraid that this will not be an illustra-
tion of good coming out of evil, but that only too
soon the cloven foot of Prussian covetousness will
appear, and all fair-play and straightforward action
be put so far in the background that their influence
will not be felt.

News from Bombay, dated Nov. 25, tells us that
the Government of India has appointed a commis-
sion to report upon the famine districts in Orissa.
This is rather late in the day, still it is a move in
the right direction ; and if it will not be productive
of much benefit to the sufferers by the present
distress, it will at least, we may hope, garner in-
formation which may lead to preventive measures on
another occasion. If on the very first rumour of
approaching famine a commission of inquiry had
been appointed how much subsequent misery might
have been relieved, and how many lives
saved ! The grand Durbar held by the
Viceroy at Agra has been a great success. Sir
JOHN LAWRENCE well understands the value of
such ceremonies in impressing the Eastern mind,
and, however simple and unpretending may be his
ordinary demeanour, he knows when to assume the
full pomp and dignity of the viceregal power.

man who may be unable to purchase a machine
may thus be able to provide for his family. The
machines usually sold only cost 1251 r., but Mr.
Goodwin kindly means to give 89 machines of
the value of 350 francs, and 89 Imperial
shuttles of the same value. Her Majesty, ever
ready to accept the task of assisting the poor,
has graciously availed himself of Mr. Goodwin's
philanthropic offer.

The police of the canton of Lucerne (Switzer-
land) have offered I,ooof. reward to the person who
shall discover the body of a young English traveller
who disappeared at the end of September, and who
has probably perished on the Pilate.

The llavre papers states that a very violent storm,
accompanied with thunder and lightning, burst over
that town on Saturday morning. A week pre-
viously there was a wim lir storm in the environs of
Dieppe.
A few days ago, about half-past ten o'clock in
the morning, there was rather a powerful shock of
earthquake at St. Pe de Bigoine, in the Upper
Pyrenees. Its duration was from six to eight
seconds, and a short time previously a loud rumbling
noise was beard, proceeding from east to west. In
the interior of the houses the ceiling cracked as if

about to burst, the furniture was shaken, and the
doors were moved as if by the wind. Very great
alarm prevailed among the 'population, and it is
added that some of the inhabitants begin to lo se
their confidence in the permanent stability of the
earth.

The Tribunal de Montbeliard has given rather a
curious decision, bearing upon the question how
far paternal authority may be exercised legally. A
father it appears sold his consent to the marriage
of his son, that is to say he compelled him to sign a
certain number of bills of exchange before the con-
sent could be obtained. When the bills came to
maturity the son refused to pay them, on the
ground that his signature was improperly obtained.
The father sued his son before the Tribunal of
Montbeliard. The Court decided that " any pecu-
niary stipulation relative to the exercise of paternal
authority, particularly in regard to marriage,
must be considered as null and void, and con-
trary to our laws and our manners. There
could not be any sale of paternal power." The
Court, therefore, attuned the bills of exchange,
dismissed the complaint of M. Miget, the father
(the plaintiff), and condemned him to pay all the
expenses of the proceedings.
The storm is over. It was very bright and fine
until the afternoon, when dark clouds gathered
around, and the rain began again but not violently.
Fears are beginning to prevail of another rise in the
waters of the Seine.

A touching and
.affecting account is given of a
mother being prevented from committing suicide by
her little child in the bed. A woman named
Catherine, living at Passy, in consequence of poverty
and ill-treatment of her husband, resolved to hang
herself. She fixed a rope to the window, and then
went to take a last kiss of the infant in the bed.
In doing so the rope displaced the curtains,
and a little branch of the palm or box-tree hoarded
up in houses from one Palm Sunday to another fell
down. The incident caused a feeling of religion
and devotion in the mother's heart, and she knelt
down to pray. In a moment, however, she tied the
rope round her neck. The mother's movements
alarmed the child, and she called out. Assistance
came, and in time to prevent suffocation. When
recalled to her senses the mother saw the branch of
palm in the child's hand. She again prayed, and
promised those who came to her assistance that she
would not again •attempt suicide. The husband,
moved by the incident, has promised his wife to
behave better to her.

The Indian Government have invited tenders for
a public works loan for Bombay, to the amount of
sixty lacs. This looks as though the public
works were t) be pushed on vigorously, and
we hope that such will be the case, since
there can be no question of their beneficial effect
upon every department of Indian life. Trade and
commerce more especially will be stimulated by
the increase of the means of communication, which
will alike benefit the cultivator of the interior and
the merchant at the ports. Public health is good in
Bombay and the weather cool, so that we may
hope the year will close on an Indian Empire under
favourable conditions.

THE SUN, LONDON, TUESDAY EVENING, DECEMBER 18, 1866.

LATEST INTELLIGENCE.

(REUTER'S TELEGRAMS.)

FRANCE AND ITALY.

PARIS, Dee. 18

The 21Ioniteur of this morning publishes the con-
vention concluded on the 7th inst. between France
and Italy for the settlement of the Pontifical debt.
The articles of the convention correspond with the
information already published on this subject.

ROME, Dec. 17

The Pope paid a visit this morning to King Louis
of Bavaria. His Holiness afterwards went to the
Capucin Church.

THE PROPOSED ARRANGEMENT BE-
TWEEN ITALY AND THE POPE.
The following are believed in Italy to be the bases
of the arrangement which the Italian Government
has proposed to the Pope :--
• 1. The Italian Government will bring in a bill
declaring Florence to be the definitive capital of the
kingdom of Italy.
2. The cardinals will be declared princes of the
kingdom, and will get from the Italian Treasury
double the salary they now receive.
3. The inhabitantsof the Pontificalterritory, with
the exception of Rome, to declare by a plebiscite
whether they will remain subjects of the Pope, or
unite themselves with the rest of Italy.
4. Rome to be declared a religious city sui generis,
in which the Pope is to have absolute control. The
municipal council, however, will be elected by the
citizens and will have the disposal of several adminis-
trative offices. Moreover, the lay element will be
substituted for the religious element, especially if
in the course of the negotiations a small territory
should he added to Rome.
5. The pontifical troops to be discharged, and
the foreign soldiers to be sent away. The inhabit-
ants to be allowed to enlist in the Italian army.
6. The treaty to be binding only during the pon-
tificate of Pius IX.
7. Pius IX. to acknowledge Victor Emmanuel as
King of Italy, and, instead of going into exile, the
Pope to came to Florence to crown the King as
sovereign of Italy.
8. Italy will contribute its quota, as a Catholic
power, to the civil list which other Catholic states
will bestow on the Pope.