The Sun.
London, England, 1866-11-10 00:00:00

TEE SUN, LOM;ON, SATURDAY EVENING, NOVEMBER 10, 1866.

come involved in a revolt against the Govern-
ment, in which they would be clearly on the
wrong side. The great question of the
Constitutional Amendment is still being actively
discussed. The Governor of South Carolina has
refused to recommend his Legislature to adopt it.
In this he is wise, since it is not very likely that,
while the direction of affairs is entirely in Radical
hands, South Carolina will be admitted on any
terms at all, and therefore it would be a useless
sacrifice to lower her flag. It should always be
remembered, while considering this question, that
the Southerners have no guarantee whatever for the
admission of their representatives upon their ac-
ceptance of the Amendment. The terms of the bill
adopted by Congress are, that if the Southern States
accept the Amendment the question of their admission
to Congress shall be made the subject of future
consideration. This is a very vague promise, and
when we remember that the Amendment disfran-
chises all Southerners who took any prominent part
in the Confederate war, we shall find that the
South would abandon much to gain very little. It
is calculated that the Amendment would reduce the
representation of three States, South Carolina,
Louisiana, and Mississippi, by more than one-half ;
and of four others, Virginia, Alabama, Georgia, and
Arkansas, by nearly half. The exclusion of non-
voters only refers to negroes, the ingenuity of the
Radicals perceiving that all persons who did not
possess the suffrage were excluded from the basis of
representation likewise, which naturally includes
many aliens and non-voters. The statement which
was circulated a short time since to the effect that
President JOHNSON had decided to recommend the
adoption of the Amendment by the Southern Legis-
latures has been semi-officially contradicted in a
letter from Secretary BROWNING, of the Interior.
Mr.B ROWNING writes at some length, arguing against
the amendment, which, he says, would require an
army to enforce it, and pointing out the danger
which threatens civil and individual liberty from
the centralisation of the Government. "It is im-
possible," he says, " to preserve our wise and happy
form of government without preserving the inde-
pendence and sovereignty of the States within their
appropriate and constitutional spheres ;" and he
contends that with so domineering a Legislature as
the present the whole structure of the government
would be revolutionised by the addition of
such enormous power to Congress. With
regard to its effect upon the South, he says,
"No such sweeping and indiscriminate proscrip-
tion is remembered since the days of PHILIP 11.
of Spain." The Radical speakers and writers have
generally endeavoured to give the amendment the
appearance of a fair and liberal measure ; but it will
not take long for unprejudiced persons to arrive at
an accurate understanding of the case, though un-
fortunately it may be too late for popular convic-
tions to influence the elections.
The Fenian element is still troublesome. The
condemnation of Colonel LYNCH and the Rev. Mr.
M'MAIION has excited the wildest indignation
among the Fenians of the States. Mr. SEWARD has
thought it advisable to address Sir FREDERICK
BRUCE on the subject, asking for a delay
in the execution of the sentence, and re-
minding the British Minister that clemency to-
wards political offenders was always wise and poli-
tic. He makes these suggestions freely, he says,
because all European Governments had proposed
the same opinions to the Federal Government dur-
ing the rebellion. Sir F. BRUCE might, if he liked,
ask in return why such principles were not acted
upon with regard to JEFFERSON DAVIS ! It is
likely enough that the Fenian prisoners may escape
their deserts, but we hope that the lesson will not
be without profit to their fellows.

CORRESPONDENCE FROM PARIS.

(FROM OUR OWN CORRESPONDENT.)

PARIS, Friday Evening.

The illoniteur announces in its official part that
the Emperor has received at St. Cloud the letter by
which his Excellency General Cabral intimates his
election as President of the Dominican Republic.
A despatch from Venice announces that the King
of Italy on his entrance into that city on Wednes-
day was received with indescribable enthusiasm. The
crowd was so immense upon the Place St. Marc that
it was impossible for the troops and the National
Guard to defile.

The Saxon Government has just paid into the
Prussian Treasury five millions of dollars of the ten
millions which it contracted to pay by the stipula-
tions of the Treaty of Peace. Saxony has only four
millions now to pay, Prussia having purchased for
one million a Saxon railway, which belonged to the
State. General de Bonin, appointed by the King
of Prussia Governor of Dresden and Commander-
in-Chief of all the Saxon and Prussian troops in
Saxony, has just taken possession of his post.
In the account of the formal surrender of Venetia
by France to the King of Italy it is mentioned that
the iron crown of Lombardy was also given up to
his Majesty. When the first Napoleon conquered
Italy he took possession of that crown. In the
" Victories et Conques," under the head of 1805,
the following account of it is given :
" Napoleon I. made his entrance into Milan on the
Bth of May. The crown of iron formerly worn by
the Kings of Lombardy had been carefully preserved
in the Museum of Monza. It had not been taken
out since the coronation of Charles V. On
the occasion of its being required by Napo-
leon it was taken from the Museum with
great pompand ceremony, and placed in the Basilisk
of Milan. Napoleon, taking it from the altar, put
it himself on his head, pronouncing these words,
which have served as the device for the Order of the
Crown of Iron,which he instituted on the occasion :
—" God gives it to me. Let him beware who
touches it." Francis I. and Ferdinand 1., Emperors
of Austria, were each successively crowned with it,
in their quality of Sovereigns of Lombardy. In
1859, at the approach of the Franco-Italian army,
the Austrians carried away this crown, which was
religiously guarded in the Imperial Treasury at
Vienna. The shape of the crown of the monarchs
of France has undergone various modifications. It
the crown
was at the coronation of Francis I. that the present
of
of France
Italian
uwasnit
unity,
is, in
fact, T The
shapecrown o
off iron, symbol
pure gold, with a thin circle of iron inside, as I
before described.

The following nine lines of railway are now open
for traffic in Russia :—The line from St. Petersburg
to Moscow, the Moscow and Nijni-Novogorod line,
the St. Petersburg and Trayskoe-Selo line, the St.
Petersburg and Peterhoff line, the St. Petersburg
and Warsaw line, the Wilna (Prussian frontier)
line, the Riga and Dunabourg line, the Moscow and
Riazan line, the Moscow and Jaroslaw line, and
the Odessa and Balta line. Several other lines are
in course of construction.

Another artful trick, which may be termed the
diving dodge, has been attempted in Paris, but the
clever artist was unsuccessful. A fellow paraded
along the Seine in such a singular and melancholy
manner as to attract the attention of passers-by.
All of a sudden he jumped into the river, but, as he
intended, lie had been watched by some boatmen,
who soon safely extricated him. When they
brought him to shore they asked him to tell his
motive for committing suicide. " Suicide?" said the
fellow, " I am not such a fool as that. I can swim
like a duck. Being very hard up, I wanted to raise
a trifle. If you are good fellows you will go and
get the 25f. always given for saving anybody from
being drowned, and we will divide the money be-
tween us." The boatmen indignantly refused the
offer, and gave the man into custody as a swindler.
They also refused the reward to which they were
.entitled, and Eaid they would not, either directly or

indirectly, become the accomplices of a swindler.
He is still in the hands of the police, and will be
punished as a man who is too clever by half.
At the last meeting of the Academy of Science,
Marshal Vaillant announced that Marshal Bazaine
had sent to the ➢linister of War an aerolite found
in Mexico, weighing 870 kilogrammes, which, he
said, would excite great interest in the scientific
world. The Minister of War has presented it to
the learned academicians, who destine it for the
Great Exhibition.

The Siecle comments thus upon the enthusiasm
displayed at the entry of Victor Emmanuel into
Venice :—" This triumphal entry was such as might
have been foreseen after so many efforts, after so
many vain aspirations, after so many sufferings
supported so patiently. Italian unity has been ac-
complished. Despotism is succeeded by a Consti-
tutional reign, and the enfranchised populations,
after having given their adhesion by an almost
unanimous vote, confirm it by enthusiastic cries.
Full of confidence in the future, Italy forgets or
distains the obstacles which she may yet have to
encounter."

The A venir Commercial, a paper which distin-
guished itself by its advocacy of free trade and its
opposition to all kinds of monopoly, has been com-
pelled to cease its publication for want of the support
which it deserved. • The editor, M. Bernard, in his
farewell address, predicts the speedy abolition of all
existing monopolies, and regrets his inability to
struggle any longer in aid of that consummation.
The lavalicle Russe of the 3d November contains
a manifesto having for object a considerable increase
of the Russian army. It speaks of the necessity of
reinforcing it by the addition of 300,000 young
soldiers.

The Gazette of Vienna also contains an article in
approval of some arrangements adopted by the
Minister of War for the increase of the Austrian
army.

Two of the persons wounded by the soldiers at
tho wine-shop at Lavallois Pernet, M. Vitte and M.
Boramier, have died at the hospital Beaujon from
their wounds. M. Renault, another person who was
wounded by them, is in great danger. Madame
Vitte will never recover the use of the arm which
one of the soldiers cut with his sword.
The Cour de Cassation of Brussels has given a
decision of great interest to dramatic authors.
Messrs. Halevy and Meilhac, authors of the " Belle
Helene," forbade the representation of that piece
at Brussels without previous permission. The direc-
tors of the Brussels theatre paid no attention to the
interdiction, contending that the treaty between
France and Belgium relative to literary property
gave them the right of representing any plays
written in France upon payment of a certain sum
to the agent of the Society of Parisian Dramatic
Authors. The Cour de Bruxelles took this view of
the question. Messrs. Halevy and Meilhac appealed
against this decision to the Brussels Court of Cassa-
tion, but the latter court has just confirmed the de-
oision of the Cour de Bruxelles.

A small new planet has been discovered by M.
Stephens, of the Observatory of Marseilles. Thus
the number of small planets is now 91. No account
of this planet has been yet given by the authorities
of the Paris Observatory.

A young girl of 14 has just been arrested at
Chateauvoux, on the charge of murdering her sister,
an infant a year and a half old. The mother re-
cently died, and the father being compelled to go
out to his daily work entrusted the infant to her
elder sister. The prisoner says that she murdered
the child because she did not want to be "bothered"
with the trouble of taking care of it.

LA TEST INTELLIGENCE.

(REUTER'S TELEGRAMS.)

AMERICA.
(Br ATLANTIC TELEGRAPH.)
NEW YORK, Nov. 9.

The official statement of the public debt of the
United States on the Ist inst. shows a reduction of
$20,000,000 since the Ist October last.
- The Transatlantic Company's steamer Florida
has arrived out.

MARRIAGE OF THE CZAREWITCII.

ST. PETERSBURG, Nov. 9.

The muriage of the Czarewitch with the Princess
Dagniar of Denmark was celebrated to-day at noon.
The event was announced by salvos of artillery.
After the wedding festivities the Prince of Wales
and the Crown Prince of Denmark will pay a visit
to Moscow.

WEST COAST OF AFRICA.

LIVERPOOL, November 10.

The steamer Magregor Laird, with the above
mails, arrived in the Mersey this morning. Her
dates are—Benin, September 20 ; Fernando Po,
October 3 ; Cameroons, September 30 ; Old Cala-
bar, October 11; Brass River, New Calabar, and
Bonny, October 5 ; Lagos, 8 ; Accra, 10 ; Cape
Coast Castle, 12 ; Cape Palmas, 14 ; Sierra Leone,
20; Bathurst, 24 ; Teneriffe, 31 ; and Madeira,
November 2. She brings 3,238 oz. of gold dust, and
1,380 sovereigns in specie.
In consequence of the French Government being
about to exact duties at Gaboon much dissatisfac-
tion had been caused among the English traders.
New Calabar was tranquil. The King of Bonny
is dead. Yellow fever was prevalent at the Gambia.

INDIA, CHINA, & AUSTRALIAN MAILS.
MARSEILLES, Nov. 9.
The China arrived at 7 p.m. to-day. The mails
leave for London at 10 p.m.

OUTWARD CALCUT'T'A AND CHINA MAILS
GIBRALTAR, Nov. 9.

The Massilia, from Southampton on the 4th inst.,
arrived to-day at 2 p.m., and leaves at 5 p.m for
Alexandria, all well.