The Sun.
London, England, 1866-08-10 00:00:00

tempt to hold by force that to which they have no
moral right, and of a struggle in which success will
be odious to those whom they seek to defend against

invasion.

Should the war be renewed it is scarcely

possible to doubt of their holding the Tyrol. It is
true that the Austrians, by some strange perversity
of fortune, or incapacity of their leaders, generally
play a role for which they are not suited. They are,
and e been nearly always, in a defensive position.
initiative has been denied to them because their
Wurrnsers, Blacks, and Gyulais were not capable of
originating plans of campaign,
their adversaries. If the
uti po ea
sseditis be the base of
the new appropriation
the
nof territory, the Austrians
o
will lose the Valley
Brenta up the suburbs of
Trent itself, in addit'ontoother losses in the Tyrol,
resist and no doubt they will such a decision vigor-
ously, although smitten into the Slowh of Despond
by repeated buffets and blowfrom
s all sides.
This morning I saw General Kuhn at his quarters
in Trent. He was
good enough
the to accede to my
request to be permitted to visit
advanced
added
and get a view of the Italian position,
and
that he would send one of his staff officers to accom-
pany two English officers and myself who have come
to Trent with the intention of visiting the battle-
field of Custozza if possible, and take us over the

ground at 5 o'clock, when the sun had lost a littie

of its fervour.

The General is in the prime of life,

and is evidently a man of immense energy and
quickness. He spoke English for choice, and added
to his courtesy by offering us a pass by the military
train for Verona to-morrow. At 5 o'clock the

officer ordered by General Kuhn to show us the out-
posts made his appearance, and we drove through
the fortified gateway along the high road towards
Pergine, which is one of the most picturesque 1
h i
ave seen even in the Tyrol or Switzerland. It s

carried along the face of a precipice scarped in the
rock, and is one of the great military roads made
by the Austrians, after the events of 1859 showed
them the necessity of improving their communica-
tions. The drive was beautiful, but it was not
long, for in half an hour or so, having passed though
several barriers of stone and trunks of trees, we
came in sight of the advanced post. Before we
reached the spot there were visible in several places
the sites of bivouacs, and rude bowers made of
branches and littered with straw showed were the
troops had lain before the truce allowed them to
take shelter inside the city. The advanced post was
simply a house by the roadside, in which the
peasant's family were still residing. A barrier of
earth and casks filled with mould blocked the way,
and soldiers lay in groups on either side, who rose
and stood at attention at the glimpse of the white
uniform. Walking through the barrier we came out
on the road, and straight before us at the distance of a

couple of miles a largecastle, with battlemented front
and the towers partly in ruin, perched on the slope
of a mountain, came into view over the fringe of
trees and vineyards which bordered the road, and
shut its further course from sight. "The enemy
are there," said our guide, " but you cannot see
their headquarters from this." The castle in ques-
tion belongs to the Bishops of Trent, and a fine view
those respectable prelates must. have enjoyed for
many a century if they had a taste for scenery. Just
beyond us was a picket of Austrian soldiers. Be-
yond them, again, was a solitary sentry pacing t 6
and fro as he looked towards his front. " That man
there is our most advanced sentinel," said the officer.
" Beyond him I cannot go, but you can if you want
to stay with the Italians. There is a line of a kilo-
metre from each outpost, to which each side can
move, and then there is a space for 1,000 paces be-
tween those lines, which is neutral ground, but which
no one can pass." We scrutinised the old castle
closely through our glasses, and were rewarded by
the sight of a few men moving about in blue uni-
forms, and an inspection of some neighbouring
houses was attended with a like result. Our com-
panion said that he had recently visited General de
Medici to arrange the lines of demarcation, and that
he found there a ragged and dejected Englishman,
who was in vain entreating the General to let him
stay in the Italian camp. He was, he said, a poet,
and was wandering in the Tyrol to feed the cravings
of his muse. De Medici, however, thought he was
a spy, and that he was wandering about to fill his
pocket. At any rate the Austrain officer over-
took him on the road to Trent as he was returning
to his quarters, evidently bound for the city, hav-
ing been turned out of the Italian lines, and what
became of our unfortunate countryman he was
unable to say. As Pergine lay in a hollow under
the castle, our guide proposed that we should
visit another post in a village on the bill above
us called Civezzano, from which we could look down
on the Italian army and see their tents. A drive up
a mountain road of some 20 minutes brought us to
a large hamlet, consisting of lofty three and four
storied houses of solid stone, with external balconies
and high shingle covered roofs, common in the Tyrol.
The entrance was defended by an abattis and a
breastwork, and the narrow street was filled with
German soldiers—not Hungarians, Poles, Croats,
or Wallachians, but pure, solid Germans, with blue
eyes and light hair, and solid round faces and blue
lips, seeming so like the British privateif one looked
only at the face that we amused ourselves by fancy-
ing one fellow's name must be " John Brown," an-
other's "Pat Murphy," and a third's "Sandyßoss."

Having reported ourselves to the majorin command
of the post, who was installed in an ancient mansion

in the main street, we proceeded through the village
to a point close by a little oratory, in which was the
inscription "Nostra Donna della Cholera, 1844," to
commemorate, perhaps, the departure of the plague
from Trent, or the fact of its ravages in that year.
A large cross was erected close to the mound on
which the oratory stood, and inside the grating on
the altar beneath the picture of the Virgin burnt the
votive candle. At this mound we halted, and there
lay the headquarters of De Medici, before and below
us, in the midst of a considerable village which the
Americans would call a city. The Italian general is
well lodged in an extensive white building used as a
silk manufactory, for Pergine is or was a thriving
place, and derived large gains from its silk fabrics.
The position they appear to occupy is not as strong
as that of the Austrians, and their force was hid in
the valleys near Pergine, in that wonderfully secre-
tive way these Tyrolese glens and hamlets have of
swallowing up soldiers.

Our companion, who had ample experience of the
Italians, spoke with respect of their courage and in-
telligence ; but he did not think their elan was
durable, or that they were capable—at least, as
capable, as the Austrians—of bearing the fatigue of
a long campaign, or of a long battle. Of their
cavalry he entertained a very poor opinion. The
Garibaldians were of all sorts. Many of the prisoners
were without uniforms, or even decent clothes, so
that the Austrian soldiery " objected to fight with
them." They had no discipline. Their officers were
lamentably ignorant of their duty. The Austrians
had taken old men of 6') and boys of 12 and 13 years
of age, and one woman was discovered in man's
clothes. But, though he spoke of them thus as sol-

diers, it was without contempt or anger. Having
contemplated our survey, as the evening was closing
in, we returned to Trent, after an agreeable, if not
very profitable, excursion.

.AUGUST 4.
This evening I start for Verona with the intention
of proceeding to Venice, if possible.

Murder and Manslaughter in 18 65.

•
It appears form the "Judicial Statistics of England and
Wales" i3saed on Tuesday morning that the total number
of murders reported last year was 135, exceeding by one
the number iu the preceding year. From the counties 76
.were reported, 51 from boroughs, and 8 by the metropo-
litan police. In Lancashire 28 cases occurred, of which 6
were reported by the county constabulary ; 13 cases oc-
curred at Liverpool, 4 at Manchester, and 5 at other
boroughs. In the preceding year the number of cases was
23, of which 5 were reported by the county constabulary ;
9 occurred at Liverpool, 3 at Manchester, 3 at Wigan, and
3in other boroughs. In Yorkshire there were 15 cases, 7
reported by the county constabulary, and 8 in the boroughs.
In the preceding year there were but 5 cases in the West
Riding, with lat Bradford and lat Sheffield. In Durham
there were 10 'cases, inclusive of 1 at Sunderland ; in the
preceding year there were but 3 cases'in the county. in
the metropolitan police district 8 cases occurred, against 14
in the preceding year, there having been no case in the
City in either year. In Somerset there were 7 cases, 4in
the county and 3 in boroughs ; iu Southampton 7, 5 in the
county, and 2 in boroughs ; in Devon 6, 5 in the county
and 1 at Devonport ; in Kent 6, 3 in the county and 3 in
boroughs ; in Gloucestershire 5, inclusive of 1 at Bristol ;
iu Staffordshire 5, inclusive of 1 at Wolverhampton; in
Worcestershire 5, inclusive of 1 in the city of Worcester ;
in Berks and Leicester 3 each ; in Cheshire 2, including 1
at Birkenhead ; in Lincolnshire and Shropshire 2 each ; in
Norfolk 2, including 1 at Norwich ; in Oxfordshire 2, in-
cluding 1 in the city of Oxford ; in Sussex 2, including 1 at
Hove ; in Cumberland, Herefordshire, Northamptonshire,
Warwickshire, and Westmoreland, leach ; in Derbyshire,
lat Derby; and.in Monmouthshire, 1 at Newport. InWales
8 cases were reported ; in Anglesey, Brecon, Denbigh, and
Merioneth, 1 each ; in Glamorganshire 4, inclusive of 1 at
Cardiff and lat Swansea. In 13 English
and Woleh calm-
ties no case of murder occurred.
- - - -

There were 54 attempts to murder, 32 of which were re-
ported by the county constabulary, five by the metropoli-
tan, and 17 by the borough police ; in the preceding year
the number of attempts to murder was 46, of which 30 were
reported by the county constabulary; 15 were in different
boroughs, and one in the city of London.
The cases of manslaughter were 279, showing an increase
of 65, or 30.3 per cent., as compared with the number in the
preceding year. Of these 123, or 44.1 per cent., were re-
ported by the county constabulary ; 95, or 34.1 per cent.,
were in cities, boroughs, &c. ; 57, or 24.4 per cent., in the
metropolitan police district ; and 4, or 1.4 per cent., in the
city of London. In the preceding year, of 241 cases, 101,
wereocern4tl.9 per cent., were in the counties ; 88, or 36.5 per
cities, boroughs, &C. ; 49, or 20.3 per cent.,
in the in
metropolitan police district ; and 3, or 1.3 per
in the city of London. cent.,

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