The Sun.
London, England, 1835-05-30 00:00:00

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LONDON,
SATURDAY EVENING, MAY 30, 1835.

Lord JOHN RUSSELL'S motion on Municipal Cor-
porations will not be brought forward on Monday
next, as Mr. CAYLEY'S Currency question is alp •
pointed for that evening, and the Honourable Gentle-
man will not give way. Mr. GROTE'S motion on the
Ballot is fixed for Tuesday, so that it may be Thurs-
day or Friday before Lord JOHN can bring on his
motion.

The Pitt-Club Anniversary Dinner took place last
night at Merchant Tailor's Hall. It is somewhat sin-
gular that the Members of this Club should still con-
tinue to meet and toast their great idol, when not a year
passes, but, in compliance with a spirit which they
would fain, but cannot control, they are giving up,
one by one, all the leading principles of his policy.

Mr. PITT, like all apostates, vas a stern, uncotnpro-
mising anti-reformer. The Conservatives, to a man,
ttyle themselves Reformers. Mr. lITT:r held that the
Church discipline and the Church Establishment were
perfect. The ConservatiVes are just beginning to dis-
cover
that neither are quite so perfect as might be ex-
pected. Mr. PITT set his face against all tampering
with Corporation matters. The Conservatives profess
themselves inclined to experimentalize on this subject.
Mr. PITT held that an energetic inflexibility was the
first great duty of a statesman. The Conservatives
are all temporizers. Mr. PITT held as the main arti-
cle of his political creed—" The right divine of Kings
to govern wrong." The Conservatives, day by day,
are wandering further and further from this creed. In
a word, these men, while they profess unbounded ve-
neration for their patron saint, are doing all they can
to sink him still lower in public estimation, by ad-
vocating every principle that he set his face against.
Even the name " Tory," on which Mr. PITT prided
himself, they have exchanged for the .new-fangled ap •
pellation of " Conservative"—thereby acknowledging
that the former is a term of deserved obloquy.

Lord MAIION, who presided at the dinner, in •pro-
posing as his first toast the immortal memory of WIL-
LIAM PITT, observed, that " the whole life of that
great Statesman was uninterruptedly devoted to the
interests of England." If by " the interests of Eng-
land," the Noble Lord means the interests of the
English people, he never uttered a more flagrant ab-
surdity in his life. Mr. PITT knew nothhig of the
people. He legislated, as if there were no other power
than boroughrnongering in existence. He was, in the
strictest sense of the term, the Minister of a party. All
his speeches—all his actions, had but one uniform ten-
dency—namely; to uphold the interest, no matter at
what cost, of a despotic oligarchy. So long as the
select few gained, he cared not what the vulgar many,
lost by his policy. Never was there a Statesman so
absurdly over-rated as PITT, as even the Conservatives
theniSelVes are now beginning to discover.

We beg to direct the attention of our readers to the
Advertisement which appears in another part of The
Sun, giving notice that Lord BROUGHAM is to pre-
side at the Anniversary Dinner, to be given on the
6th of June, in support of the London Almshouses.
When it is recollected that this is a charitable institu-
tion founded for the purpose of commemorating the
passing of the Reforiii Act, and consider how
'much Lord BROUGHAM contributed to effect
that great object, we think, a more appropriate
selection of a Chairman could not possibly
have been made. Lord BROUGaitm has no
competitor—not to say rival—as an orator ; and what
orator could wish for a loftier theme on which to pour
forth the streams of eloquence, than that which is pre-
sented by the commemoration of .a. measure so.fraught
with important results to human happiness?
meeting, of this kind would at any time 'be full of at-.
traction to the friends of freedom' - and the admirers bf
intellectual power; at the present moment of political
excitement it must be peculiarly interesting. !

We have received the whole of. the Paris papers of
Thursday, which, being Ascension-Day, the Bourse
was closed. The Chambers did not sit, consequently
we have little to communicate in the shape of domestic
intelligence. The present distracted state of Spain—
the demand made by the QUEEN'S Government for
instant intervention—the consequences of active in-
terference, particularly as they may affect the counsels
of the great Northern Powers, are all-engrossing sub-
jects in the French capital. The sudden panic which
seized the public mind as soon as it was known that
the Spanish Government had resolved to profit by the
quadruple treaty is really most extraordinary, when it
is remembered that Spain only does now what the
whole of the liberal Press of England called upon
her to do twelve months since. At that time we
stated that intervention was absolutely necessary—that
a war might • be carried on for years in the mountains
of Catalonia against the whole power of the Go-
vernment, provided Don C A RLOs. could only
attach to himself a thousand men, and the
friendship of the neighbouring peasantry. And
what, we ask, have been the signal victories
obtained by the Carlists, which now fill the
public mind with such despondency? 'Why, the pos-
session of a few straggling villages dignified with
.the.
name of towns, and the moral strength derived from
signing a convention suggested by the, British Govern-
ment, to which General VA LDEZ was a party. Be-.
yond this the boasted success of the Carlists is yet all
pure moonshine. Don CARLOS has not extended
his influence one inch beyond the Peasantry 'of the
Basque provinces, nor is he in the least hurry to at,7
tempt a march to Madrid. That the test of the
country is perfectly tranquil-, we by no means assert.
But the causes of the general disorganization have
nothing whatever to do with the war in the North.: It
is the 'heavy debt of Spain, and the knowledge of the
means that must be resorted to in ord6r to defray it,
that agitates the public mind. The Clergy are
alarmed at the prospect of losing their rich inheritances ;
but it is a mistake to suppose that in general they
look forward to the triumph. of Don CA Rims as' the
salvation of their cause. They well know that the
national will is opposed to tne old system of mendicant
piety; and. although Don CARLOS, if triumphant,
would undo all that has been done by the QUEEN'S
Government, yet his necessities would compel him to
sacrifice the property claimed by the regular Priesthood
of Spain. As to the secular Clergy, they have
nothing to fear, and as their influence must increase
with the removal of the Reglars, they have good
grounds for supporting, the QUEEN'S cause. There
is, it is true, a powerful party in Spain, the movements
of which greatly embarrasses the Government ; but
that party is Republican—the deadly enemy of Don
CARLOS and his principles. The same principles
which agitate the public mind in this country are at
work in Spain ; and the same parties are triumphant
in both. The QUEEN'S Government is composed of,
and supported by, the liberal Whigs ; the agitators in
the interior of the kingdom are the Ultra-Liberals or
Radicals; and Don CARLOS and his supporters are the
high Tories—the sword-in-hand supporters of the Divine
right of Priests and Princes. The Fanatics headed
by the mendicant Monks, and the chiefs of relieims
orders, are a faction by themselves, only powerful
when permitted to appeal to the passions of. an igno-
rant and superstitious peasantry.
So far then as we can judge, there exists no ra-
tional grounds whatever for the excessive alarm which
prevails respecting the termination of the war in Spain.
A Morning Contemporary, who from the opening of the
insurrectionary warfare devoted its columns to the advo-
cacy of both parties indiscriminately, and who generously
employed two correspondents—one to trumpet the
triumphs of Don CARL os, and the other to proclaim the
victories obtained by the QUEEN'S Generals—affects the
utmost dread of the position in which Europe may be
placed by the intervention. We confess we participate
in none of these fears, proceed from what quarter
they may. The great Northern Powers are in no dis-
position to embroil Europe in a general war, to support
the pretended rights of Don CARLOS. And even
were it otherwise, there is nothing very frightful
in such a prospect. England and France are able to
bid defiance to all the Powers in Europe, "presuming
that all were leagued together in defence of Carlists

and Carlism. But nothing of the kind can happeli.
The Emperor of AUSTRIA will not attempt to inter-
ferc, and the smaller German principalities are too
insAgnificant for any notice beyond the precints
of the Aulic Council Chamber. The only powers,
therefore, likely to interfere in the settlement of
the question of Spanish intervention, are Russia
and Prussia ; and the former is by no means
.prepared
for a war with England and France. Such a war will
certainly tale place—but the occasion for it has not
yet arisen. When it does happen it will be a war of

principle.
And now with respect to the question of interven-
tion—the semi-official Journal des Debats of Thurs-
day contains the following paragraph :
" It appears certain that Government has received from the
Cabinet of Madrid a .formal demand of intervention.
" The Council of Ministers assembled last night at the
Tuilleries."

We have learned from a source upon which we can
depend, that the Council agreed to grant the succours
required by Spain, although several members opposed
it with all their influence. So far all is settled. Per.
haps this day the question will be finally arranged
here : for we know that the Representatives of the
Allies in London were to receive the resolution of the
French Cabinet this morning, and instantly proceed to
take it into consideration.

We have received German papers, bringing ad-
vices from Rome, to the 15th inst. The POPE is
taking the most lively interest in improving the navi-
gation of the Tiber ; and as a vast number of work-
men are employed, it is probable that the river will
be navigable for large steam-boats before the end of
the summer. The following paragraph in the Allge-
meine Zeitung contains the only intelligence worth
communicating. It is headed, Vienna, May, 18 :

" The long talked-of improvement in our Post-office regu-
lations will take place on the 15th of June. The mails will
arrive early in the morning, so that the delivery of the letters
will be at nine o'clock instead of twelve, as it is now. The
Exclange hours, instead of from twelve to two, will be from
ten to twelve. - The mails will leave Vienna at five o'clock in
the afternoon instead of eight. By this new arrangement the
clerks in the mercantile houses will be-able, as in most of the
Government offices, to perform the day's work without inter-
ruption ; and numbers who live in the suburbs will be saved
the trouble of going backwards and forwards twice a day.
" We learn from Bucherest that the annual assembly of the
Representatives of the people is now sitting, but the public is
net admitted to hear the debates."

. HAMBURG BORSEN HALLE, Mil-26.
, • - • • • • FOREIGN FUNDS.. Bills Money.
Austrian Metalliques, 5 per cent.
Ditto ditto 4 percent. - ••
Ditto Bank Shares • 1331 1329
Anglo-Russian Loan 115.4 105
' Ditto, .5 per cent loow 100
Paper Inscription, 6 per cent 79
Russian Inscription, Hone and Co., 3d and 4th
Series . '
Portuguese Regency Bonds, 5 per cent 92
Ditto, 3 per cent 66% 16
Dutch 2y, per Cents.
. . Ditto 5-per Cents —
Polish Bonds, 3 per cents. ' 138% ' 138
Anglo-Danish Loan, 3 per cents , - 76
Norwegian Loan of 1834, 4 pLr cents -•
. spanigh, in piastres, 3 per Cents... ....
Ditto 4 per Cent. . , 4-9
• -Cortes Load, 5 per Cent .' , 5,N 54
- ' EXCHANGES ON LONDON •
HAMBURG, SIAN 213.-13 1041's i two tnonths, 13 9V. . . 7 .
ST. PETELSLILIRCII; May 19—three months, 10 33-64.
CJIRISTIANIA. MAY 16:—'1 hree months, 5 16.
,",'.'"., , - sTeicKnoixr MAY 19.—Two months, 12 18. - •••
BREMEN, MAY •Z 2 —TA() months, COS 7.. . .
—Hamburg Papers, M• y 2.6. _ . .
• PRUSSIAN FUNDS.—BERLIN, MAT 23.
Bills. Money.
St. Schuld. Sch., 4 per cent. 'Ol 100'r.i
Prtntian English Loan, 1830, 4 per cent 99 98i
Exchange on London, Two months 6 25
Prussian State Gazette, May 24.

We have received advices from Greece to the 9th of
April. The jealousy with which the Greek soldiery
regard the BaVarian troops in the service of King
OTHO is daily increasing, and unless the KING take
steps to allay it, may in time be prodtictive of fatal
consequences. • The Sotir, a Greek' journal, states,
that an affray took place at Athens and ArgoS, between
the Greek and Bavarian soldiers, on the 3d of April,
which would have terminated fatally but for the prompt
interference of the civil authorities. It expresses deep
regret for so unhappy an event—calls upon the Greeks
.
to act with all becoming forbearance towards men who,
as servants of the KING, and strangers in the country,
have strong claims upon their indulgence. The advice
is well-timed and judicious, under existing circum-
stances ; but the only effectual way to preserve tran-
quillity in Greece is to disband the Bavarian troops,
aitd send them out of the country. OTIIO is unjustly,
as well as injudiciously, partial to his own countrymen;
and it rather surprizes us that a Monarch, with the
acute discernment of the King of BAVARIA, should
recommend to his son the adoption of so dan-
gerous a policy in such a country as Greece.
It is really a severe trial to the patience
of - the Greek nobles to see their country portioned
out, as it were, among a swarm of needy Bavarian
adventurers, without one feeling in ccomnon with the
people by-*ll-6-s6..indirstry they are supported: Why
should King OTiio be surrounded by Bavarian guards
in the midst of his
.Greek subjects Why should
his throne be guarded against the approach of his
natural 'proteetorS by the arms of foreign mercenaries?
No country could tacitly permit such an insult to be
offered to it=nor will Greece.

Prosecutions. against the liberty of the press haiie
already. commenced in Greece. On the 7th ,April,
the Soar was- prosecuted for libel, when the Court
returned a sentence of acquittal.. The prosecution
excited, some interest at Napoli.

We, have received a file of New York Papers to
the 10th instant; They contain accounts of a threat-,
ened insurrection in Mexico under. GOMEZ FARIEZ,
at the.head 0f...5,000 men. Some 'disturbances have
taken place between the States of Ohio and Michigan,
with regard to their respective boundaries, which
call for the -interference of Congress.

We. have received Quebec and Montreal paper's,
the former to tae Ist, and the latter to the. 6th of May.
In Montreal the winter has been extremely cold. 11.1.-
following is-an extract from the Governor's. speeeh,
on dissolving, the Parliament of Upper Canada :

" The period of the session having'been sufficiently extended for
the interest of the colony, I am enabled to prorogue the Provincial
Parliament. The. Bills which have been presented for the Royal
assent, to establish a Bank in the Gore district, to amend and
altet: the Charter of the Commercial Bank of the midland district,
and to incorporate an Insurance and Trust Company, are neces-
sarily reserved for his Majesty's consideration. I have observed
With satisfaction thit you have concurred in measures to continue
the annual &rant fOr the support of common schools.
"I'O.THE HOUSE DF ASSEMBLY.

.‘ I thank you, in his Majesty's name, for the Supplies which you
have granted to the public service."

A case more lame in itself, or more lamely sup-
. ported than. that brought forward by the Marquis of
CIIANDOS on Monday night, never was submitted to
the consideration of the BritiSh Legislature. The
ostensible aim of the Noble Lord's motion was to
relieve the agriculturist;. the real objects of the mover
and his- supporters were to embarrass the Government,
to delude the farmers, and to put a little money into
their own pockets. In the first and last of these ob-
jects they have signally failed, and we should think
they have not succeeded much better in the second.
The farniers must indeed be a race sui gencris, if they
continue any longer to be the dupes of those who have
so grossly and so cruelly deceived them. They must be
greater dolts than any who derive their origin from Adam,
if they do not see that they owe their sufferings to their
landlords, and that it is their landlords alone who have
the power of relieving them. The landlords cry out that
agriculture is depressed by excessive taxation, and, that
taxes must be taken off to relieve it. That the
agriculturists feel the pressure of taxation, and feel it
severely, nobody denies. But whose doing is this ?
• Who rendered this taxation necessary ? Who voted
away the public money--,.not by millions but _ by
hundreds of millions—to . pay. the interest of which
taxes must be levied ? This did the landlords. To

L:iem have:Monied with might and I
main, to evade the payment. They had J.° e.ejeee:ee
to sow the wind, but they are not quite so well pleased
to reap the whirlwind. Like their prototypes of old
they are ever ready to lay burdens on other men's
shoulders which they will not touch with one of their
own fingers. With a selfishness, a rapacity, for which
it would be in vain to look for a precedent, not to say,
a parallel in history, they enacted a law fixing an
exorbitant price on their own commodity, that corn-
modity a necessary of life—the most essential and
universal article of human subsistence —thus taxing
the whole community for their exclusive ben fit.
They then thought they had got it all their own
way—they imagined they had secured a perma-
nent revenue at the public expense, and they
screwed the rent of land up to the famine price which
they had fixed on corn. But now when they find
that they are out in their calculations,—when they
discover that, after the importation of everything that
grows out of the ground has been burdened with
high duties, and every tax that bore directly on agri-
culture has been taken off, they cannot keep up the _
price of wheat, instead of reducing their rents, as com-
mon justice and common sense alike dictate, they have
the effrontery to apply to an insulted country for
relief! Relief, indeed ! No, it is for them not to re-
ceive, but to give relief. It is for them to relieve the
victims of their oppression—the unfortunate men
whom they have deceived with false hopes—whom
they have made the tools of their selfish ambition—
whose political subserviency they have repaid with
broken pledges—whom. they are grinding to
pauperism by their unrighteous exactions. It is for
them to do this, and not to gabble about taking off
taxes, which, were it possible, would not benefit the
farmer, but which they know to be impossible without
a surplus revenue. If they wish, to be informed why
there is no surplus revenue, let them ask the
patriots whose proceedings during the laSt six months
'have stopped the current of national prosperity. When
Lord CHANDOS • made this motion, he knew, as
well as the CHANCELLOR Of. the EXCHEQUER did,
that the repeal of taxes was entirely out of the -ques-
tion ; but as he had seriously damaged his friends by
one motion, he thought he was bound to try whether
he' could not do' as much for his enemies by another. ,
He has, however, only Made bad worse.
But the repeal of taxation, with a deficient revenue,
is not the only crotchet that these wiseacres have taken
into their heads. They have another remedy for
agricUltural distress, as' easy as it is effectual: The
low' price of wheat, say they, is owing to the_ scarcity
of money. Operate upon. the circulation by an issue
of ExChequer Bills ofs/..and 101., and all will soon be
The'price of wheat will rise, and longabsent pros-
perity will once more revisit the farmer's habitation.
When we say that this is one of. Sir JOHN SINCLAIR'S
superannuated we have almost said
enough to 'satisfy ode readers as to the merits of the.plan.
NeVerthelesS'Ave I have; for -their amusement, inserted
in another colutrin,fett: full length, the Right Hon. Ba-
ronet's patent for 'agricultural prosperity, which has
'turned'` the. heads Of the landlords and currency-
, mongers, and upon which we shall not waste more
than.. a very few remarks.. From the table of prices
there given, it appears that in 1812 wheat was at
1228..8d. per quarter, and that in 1835 it is at
38s. 6d.; and the conclusion drawn from the difference
in price is, that the circulating medium is insufficient.
Now, it seems never to have occurred to the venerable
Baronet, and those who adopt his notions, either that
there are other circumstances—such, for instance, as
an increased,supply:--by which an article may be de-.
preciated, as well as by a contracted circulation, or
that this latter cause must , equally affect the piice of
all other commodities. They are, therefore, reduced
to this dilemma ; if other commodities have fallen in
an equal proportion with wheat, then they have no
claim for relief more' than the producers of other com-
modities ; if other commodities have not so fallen, then
a deficient cirrculation is not the cause of the evil, nor,
consequently, an increase of the circulation the proper
remedy.
But let us suppose, for argument's sake, that the
wishes of the landlords are complied with, and that
some millions are added to the circulation in the form
of 51. and 101. Exchequer bills,—what would be the
consequence ? The price of wheat would no doubt
rise, but so would the price of all other things. The
agriculturist would have to pay proportionally more
for labour and all the other articles which he had to
purchase ; so that his relative position would not be
altered. But how would such an angmentation of
the circulating mediuM affect the exchange with fo-
' reign countries ? We should soon see.gold eipotted
to the Continent : this Would occasion a drain on the
coffers of the Bank of England ; the Managers of that
establishment, acting as the regulators of the currency,
would immediately contract their issues of paper to
' bring back the gold, and thus matters would come

round to the very same point at which they were be-
fore the issue of' the EXchequer bills.
The only remedy for the distress of the agricultu-
rists rests, as we have,said before, witli the landlords
themselves. Let them reduce their rents, and give
their tenants leases of 'twenty-one years at this
reduced rent, payable partly in corn and partly Ili
money ; and, they will, by this means, not only benefit
them as agriculturists, but also, raise them in. the
moral and political scale,as,
Sir JOHN, says his plan was approved of, and acted
,
upon, by Mr. PITT, in 1793. A worse authority
fora financial measure he could not possibly have ad-.
Tllnt reckless Minister never scrupled to re-,
.sort to any expedient that could extricate f.0:,2 a
temporary embarrassment,' whatever might be the
future consequences ; and' we are now reaping the
bitter fruits of his policy—and posterity, instead of
looking up to him as a model, or regarding him as a
benefactor, will have reason to curse the hour that he
was born.