The Sun.
London, England, 1866-07-26 00:00:00

Archaeological Institute.

Yesterday morning the last meeting of the Con-
gress
ehmooflogitheeal wasth
Guildhall—the in the
council o fthe
chamber Archaeological
Marquis
Camden, the president, in the chair.
The only business usually transacted at the last
meeting of the congress is to return thanks to the
various public bodies and private persons who have
contributed towards the success of the meeting by
facilitating the examination of objects of archaeolo-
gical interest, or by reading papers, or by their hos-
pitality. On this occasion thanks were in the first
place given to the Queen, the patron of the institute,
for the signal kindness with which she had thrown
open Windsor Castle to the inspection of the mem-
bers, and for the excellent arrangements made in
furtherance of these objects. A vote of thanks was
proposed to his Royal highness the Prince of Wales
for permitting his name to be given as honorary
president of the congress. Thanks were also given
to the Lord Mayor and Corporation of the City for
the use of the Guildhall; to the Committee of Coun-
cil of Education, and to the managers of the Royal
Institution, for the use of their lecture theatres; to
the Constable and Deputy-Constable of the Tower,
to the Dean and Chapter of Westminster, to the
Bishop of London, to Mr. Parker, Mr. Freeman,
and Mr. Hill, to the authors of the papers that had
been read during the congress, and to other gentle-
men ; and finally to the Marquis Camden, for the
active part he had taken in presiding at the various
meeti n gs.
The Dean of 'Westminster, Sir J. Boileau,
Mr. Beresford Hope,
the Rev. C. Bingham, Mr.
Birch, and other gentlemen shortly addressed the
meeting
in proposing and in responding to the votes
of thanks.

It was announced that the next congress of the
institute will be held at Hull, and that the Arch-
bishop of Canterbury will take the chair.
• Mr. Birch,Of the British Museum, then exhibited
a number of seals connected with the City of Lon-
don, which he described ; after which the meeting
adjourned.

The results of the experiment of holding the con-
gress of the institute in London have been such as
the extensive issueyaonftticici
°Could
might have been
read possessedflgrreawt
posi-
tion of the socient anticipated. The
vTishiteorsfin;atnhceiapapers
ill no doubt be improved by
thanha v e
theybe e n
known, a great dealost'
value, and the places visited
greater interest and importance
as havem been at any other place of
meeting ; but,
to excite of them were previously well
the interest they were cal-
culatedhave been expecteyd
was diminished. It could scarcely
theeirat
might otherwise
that the same degree of cordia-
linitgysatnndthheospprietavliint
cemwsel:tiech renders the annual meet-
agreeable should have been
experienced in the
the meeting was absorb:l3l(l7'll/Is. The importance of
the great sea of Lon-
don
butt
huye it,nhg
likeof
lis)t r
ihrt congressiiphpnoescr,etaaronef
importance
thought
vios uallgoehissnt:
holding
observed at the
don life; and as l\lr.o
meeting yesterday, the
London reminded one speech of King James
to his Parliament—that the
very much of in rivers,
on the sea. The absence of
The experiment, we
whole been so satisfactory
congress, also tended
and scientific societies
peripatetic me •
h thea greatlyve a honorarytteendiminishpresidenteot
enmtrhtleheeeaoevrfel
meeting, The
thet
th
meetings to attempt to
repeat
eos
whopnteoc
aehtiinduceeviletd,.h a st
h annualil eo st

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The gathering in Hyde-park yesterday was on the
whole probably of a more respectable and orderly
character than on the previous day. It was gene-
rally believed that the rioting would diminish, if not
entirely cease, and that the Government would
adopt such precautions as would be likely to con-
duce to that result. The park was consequently
visited by large numbers of people desirous of view-
ing the havoc which had been committed by the
mob. During the morning, however, and the
earlier portion of the afternoon, the roughs congre-
gated largely, and spread themselves over the park
in search of amusement. For some time this amuse-
ment appeared to be derivable only from an in-
crease of the general destruction. The plantations
especially have suffered severely from the hands of
a ruthless mob, who appear for the most part to
comprise the lowest scum of the London popula-
tion. Shrubs and saplings have been broken near
the ground or forcibly torn out by the roots, and in
several instances where the young trees were able
to defy the strength of the attacks the bark has been
peeled off in every direction. This state of things
is especially perceivable on the side of the park
facing the Bayswater-road, and from the Marble-
arch for some little way down the Park-lane side
damage of a similar nature, but much less exten-
sive, has been committed. Below Grosvenor-gate,
however, the flower-beds remain untouched, the
people in entering the park on Monday night having,
seemingly, avoided them. The railings lie in all di-
rections, mingled with broken stones, for, as a rule,
the wall itself appears to have given way, the rail-
ings in many instances, though overthrown, still be-
ing connected for yards. In the park itself, however,
the damage, though not so great, is even more appa-
rent. Many of the young trees have been broken off
close to the ground, while branches have been
wrenched off in all directions. Some little distance
from the Marble Arch stands, or rather stood until
yesterday morning, one of those venerable trunks,
covered with foliage, which always invest the spots
where they are to be found with an air of picturesque-
ness and wild beauty. But this tree has now shared
in the general fate. After the mob had run riot over
the plantations, the dryness and age of the trunk
presented a temptation which it was evidently im-
possible for them to resist. They gathered together
as much dry wood as they could find and placed it
at the foot of the tree, setting fire to the pile. Dry
as tinder it was soon on fire, and throughout the
day and night the smouldering tree afforded conti-
nual amusement. The police would not—at all
events, did not—interfere, but two or three of the
park keepers were attracted to the spot by the crowd
and smoke. The roughs, however, were masters of
the situation, and the keepers were consequently in-
formed that if they remained long in the neighbour-
hood they would stand a good chance of being roasted.
The fellows looked as if they would not require much
provocation to induce them to fulfil their threat, and
the keepers, fully believing discretion to be the
better part of valour, at once beat a retreat. Even a
burning tree, however, rare as the sight is, will fail
after a time to satisfy a London mob's craving for
mischief, and the fellows soon began to exert them-
selves in other ways. They attempted to set fire to
some more trees, but without success, and then re-
turned to the old trunk, where they occasionally
diversified the proceedings by an exhilarating melee
with brickbats, stones, and pieces of burning wood.
It was soon found that on being struck by a stick
the burning trunk would send forth showers of
sparks, and the young trees in the neighbourhood
were denuded of their branches, and in some instances
broken off bodily for service in this way. But some-
thing more exciting was needed, and it was soon de-
termined in what quarter this might be obtained.
The roughs seized possession of the gates at the Marble
Arch and closed them, after which they commenced
stoning the riders and the carriages passing along
the drive in the park, extending their favour in some
instances to the more respectably dressed pedestrians
and lookers-on. These excesses rendered the inter-
ference of the police indispensable, and accordingly
a strong reinforcement soon arrived. A fight of
course ensued, in which stones formed the foremost
weapons of the one side, and truncheons of the
other. Several men were captured and confined in
the Arch until about 5 o'clock, when they were re-
moved in cabs to the police station.

From 5 o'clock the crowd increased considerably,
but the fresh arrivals comprised a large proportion
of respectable working men, who appeared for the
most part actuated only by curiosity. Some short
time afterwards Mr. Beales and some of his friends
came into the park. Mr. Beales was, of course,
immediately surrounded by an admiring multitude,
and for the rest of the evening was the centre of at-
traction. Wherever he went he moved, so to speak, in
crowds. A rumour had for some time prevailed to
the effect that the police were to be withdrawn, and
this rumour was now developed into a certainty.
Mr. Beales informed the people that his visit to Mr.
Walpole had resulted in that gentleman's promising
that the right of public meeting in the park should
be legally tested at as early a moment as possible.
Mr. Walpole had agreed to permit the holding of
a meeting in the park on Monday next, and in the
meanwhile it was expected that the Reformers would
abstain from any proceedings, the Government
having undertaken not to make any demonstration
of police or military force. One of the leading
Reformers now arrived with a pastepot and bills,
and soon the various gates of the park were covered
with the following official announcement :