The Sun.
London, England, 1835-10-14 00:00:00

'ITU '*--,afax,+

LONDON,
WEDNESDAY EVENING, OCTOBER 14, 1835.:

A Correspondent of Saturday's Standard takes ad-
vantage of the Sta'.np-office Returns to chuckle over
the great superiority in circulation of the Conservative
over, what he its pleased to call, the Destructive Daily
Press. Tal.ing the Returns for the last half-year,
from Ist January to 30th June in the present year, he
gives the following table :

TORY DAILY PAPERS.
Times and Evening Mail. 1,406,997
Herald and English Chronicle 1,187,005
Post
367,000
Public Lef.ger 68,500
Standard, St. James'3 Chronicle, and two
Weekly Papers„ of the same Proprietor 865,000
Albion
130,000

Total.

4,024,502

REFORNIING DAILY PAPERS.
Chron:,ele and Evening Chronicle
Advertiser 542,260
Globe
Sun
Courier
True Sun and Weekly True Su'a

Total..

2,949,750

Gives the Tory Press a majority of 1,074,752

The writer says that it is supposed that the Chro-
nicle has increased its apparent consumption by sup-
'plying country papers with stamps, which are taken
out in its own name. This is one of tl:ese assertions
of which the truth or falsehood cannot in the present
state of circumstances be prover', All we can say is,
that we never heard this as:.ieTted with respect to the
Chronicle, and have oftv.i beard a similar suspicion
thrown out with regard, to the Times. We have no
good ground for beV•ieving this; but we mention it to
show that each p'..frty has its own story, and can tell it
without fear of refutation.

The writer accounts for the numbers of the Reform-
ing Press 'by asserting that The Sun and Courier are
" rener,ades from the Conservative standard." Now,
the fact of these Papers having changed their politics
wbuld signify nothing as a test of the opinisns of their
readers, (which is, we take it, the only matter of any
interest on which these Returns have any bearing at
all,) unless the change had been so recent, that it
Might fairly be supposed that their readers had not
found them out, and that the circulation was thus kept
up under false pretences.- Now dull indeed must be
the readers of The Sun and Courier if this be the
case, or closely must they he wedded to old habits.
For the Courier has been on the side of Reform ever
since the year 1830; and The Sun has never had the
slightest tinge of Toryism since March 1826. But
what will the Standard's Correspondent say to the
case of the Times, which acquired its immense circula-
tion while it was liberal, and may reason Ably he sup-
posed still to be taken in by some persons who have

v**VV\

not thought
-, proper to.change all their opinis*-their
paper has ame. Both Times and Herald have been
liberal within the last year. If a deduction is to be
made for all recent changes, liow will the Conservative
total look Without the 2,591,000 which these two
Papers contribute to it ?
To suppose that every body is of the same politics
arthe-daity paper which he in, -nor so-much in
general for its opinions as its news, is absurd. Does
.the ,Correspondent of the Standard,_ think, that, if
the Times had remained Radical, instead of turning
Ultra-Tory, all its present readers would have given it
up ?. . The fact is that the ratting of the Times has
given a temporary superiority in this respect to the
Tories. Ultimately, no doubt, the general circulation
of the paper will give a Pr;Aty good notice of the
politics of the paPP.:-reading class. - And these very
Returns show what progress has already been made
towards teem-iodating the circulation of the papers to
the opinions of their readers.
Indeed in this way the return before us furnishes a
very satisfactory indek to public opinion. Mr.
CHARLES BULLER, at'whose instance these returm
were ordered, so shaped his motion, (we know not
whether designedly or not), as exactly to make it a
test of the change made in the respective circulations
of the different papers since the period, or nearly the
period, of the change of Ministry in November last,
and the change in. the politics of some of the papers.
And this we may fairly enough assume as some test of
public opinion. Though it cannot be said that all
who read a paper are of the same politics, we may
conclude that nearly all who give up• a paper at a
moment of particular political excitement, or at the
moment of a change in that paper's -e i ticS,' do so
from political feeling. The rise of papers under
similar circumstances we may attribute to a similar
cause.

Now the increase and decrease of the circulation of
the daily papP•rs, since the commencement of the present
year, aff::,rds a remarkable proof of the increase and
decr-atse of Tory and Reforming opinions among their
'readers. We have prepared the following table, show-
ing the comparative circulation of each of the daily
papers in the last half of last year, and the first half of
the present, as exhibited in the Stamp Office Re-
turns :

MN SUN,. LONDON, WEDNESDAY, OCTOBER, 14, ES:3S,

iiluty to sacrifice their individual feelings on the altar
Apublic good. In the course of last week a deputa-
tion, headed by the Duke, of LEINSTER, and com-
prising several of the most influential Noblemen and
Gentlemen in Ireland, waited upon Lord MORPETii,
at his chamber's, in Dublin Castle, for the purpose nf
praying the Government, that in the event of a Packet-
station being selected on the west coast of Ireland, for
the convenience of all vessels. trading between Great
Britain and America, a Railway shold be forthwith
established to communicate with the 'capital loving
it
pa
toieat
optionoify Companies, or munt-
ci
as many
judged
i
branchicee s
necessary railways
aryfor
front
'Lute main line as might he
proving the trade of particular districts. The Depu-
tation made this proposal in a way which must
have
been exceedingly satisfactory to the Irish Government.
'No pledge was sought—no locality was insisted upon
as solely necessary to the commercial impovernent of
the Island—no sum of money was asked, or even
named : inquiry only was prayed for, and all the rest
left to the discretion of the Ministry. Lord MORPETII
acquitted himself greatly to the satisfaction of the De-
putation and the country, His Lordship, no doubt, was
delighted to discover that in his generous determination
to improve the social and moral condition of Ireland—to
pour oil and wine into the wounds inflicted by secta•
rian rancour—and to banish from the land the odions
distinctions of factional enmity, Ire is likely to be se-
conded by the high intelligence, great wealth, and ex-
tensive popular influence of those Noblemen and
Gentlemen who composed the deputation. If Lord
MORPETII be ambitious of lasting honour—if he
would have his name engravers in the hearts of a gene-
rolls and grateful people—if he would rank among
the deliverers of mankind, be has only to la=
hour in the field which his official station has opened
to him. By a proper exertion of the power and influence
at the disposal of the Irish Government, much of the so.
cial and political evils which afflict the country may be
removed or ameliorated. Lord MULORAVE has done
much since his appointment to the Vice-Royalty. No
course could be better chosen than his determination
to go abroad among the people, and to see the country
and its condition with his own eyes. By no people is
the external appearances of an anxiety for their welfare
so highly prized as the Irish. We will trot trouble
ourselves about the causes of this ; but the fact is
important to a Government which - desires to im-
prove and correct by conciliation. They are,
moreover, proverbial for their distrust of all inter-
mediate -means of .comuurnieation. This is partly
the result of ignorance and partly of the deceptions of
which they have been the victims through the treachery
of their local. gentry, magistracy, and others who ought
to;ravebeen their constitutional guardians. They are not
suspicious of the honesty and impartiality of the Go-
vernment ; they dread the malign influence and partial
• statements of individuals and factions among them-
selves. Lord MULGRAVE took the proper course to
,recover the confidence of the Irish people when here-
solved to cTo among them and witness the operation of
the abuses of which so many complaints had previ-
ously reached him.

evay highway, and HI every ilcicl, Wu have only to
look around us to be satisfied of the industry of the
Irish peasantry, when a prospect of remuneration is
held out to theim

It is mote thttii pwssible that we shall littve lie-
quota opportunities- of resuming this subject before
the completion of the new harbour on the westcrlt
coast. hn the man tithe We 1)&18 fgaiinliPriti
to the Iri'Bh 140114.11 of WOilis file oOnsideration di dial
Wishing two other lines of railroad—one from Dublin
to Belfast, and the other from Dublin to Galway.
Branches from the northern road might be made to
communicate with all the considerable towns on the
North Western coast, such as Ballyshannon, Donegal,
Londonderry, &e. It is quite clear 'that something
must be done for the country, and besides commerce,
we know of nothing which can permanently improve
the social condition and moral feelings of the Irish
people.

We rerd Ulf readers to a letter from General
PALMER, addressed to the Governors of Betblem
Hospital, which will be found in another column. Tilt
subject to which it relates is very extraordinary ; of its
importance the public is the best judge. We consider
it the duty of the Governors of this Institution to
institute a diligent and impartial enquiry into all the
cucutrAtances.

The following telegraphic despatches were received
in Paris on Monday evening. Much of what they
communicate had previously reached us through the
ordinary channels. The appointment of Count
VALMODOVAR to the War Department, would imply
that the Decree signed by him as Captain-General
of Catalonia, which was first published in the
fouPutd des Debuts, and upon which we animadverted
in The Sun of yesterday, was altogether a gross fa-
brication ; for we cannot believe that M. MENDIZA-
BAL would hold office with any man whom he knew
to be capable of promulgating such documents :

PEP.PIGNAN, OCT: 10.—';On the Bth, 1,500 of the Navarre
insurgents left Castello. On their way to Figueras there was
a skirmish. On the 9th the Carlists occupied from Liers, by
Lado, all the villages of the mountain, as far as the river Flu
via, above Banolas. They left the high road free. The re-
inforcements from Barcelona had not arrived. Olot was
surrounded on the 7th by the Catalonians.
" Count Almadovar was to leave Valencia on the 6th for
Madrid, to enter upon his functions as Minister of War. •
" The Juntas of Barcelona and Saragossa approve of the
Government.

" The General only endeavoured to check the progress of
the Carlists in his operations in the mountains.
" PERPIGNAN, OCT. 12.--On the 9th, near Olot, the Go-
vernor of Via beat the Carlists. General O'Donnell, next in
command to General Guergue, was taken prisoner.
" The Navarre division, which was at Figueras, were ef-
fecting their retreat on the 11 th by Llorona, Besalu, and
Deblogue,
" The courier from Barcelona has not arrived."

In the Paris Papers just received, we find no poli-
tical or local news of importance. The Journal des
Debats continues to labour most assiduously in the
cause of, Don. Carlos. In this it proves its servility
to the Government, without in any way influencing
public opinion. The Carlists stand in need of more
substantial support than the perverted statements of
the Journal des Debats, and unless they obtain it very
Speedily, they will not be in a condittion to acknow-
ledge the services which apostacy is capable of ren-
dering to rebellion.
A letter from Frankfort on the Maine, of the 7th
October, says, a courier arrived yesterday evening at
the Hotel of the President of the Diet, with the news
that the Sovereigns had left Toplitz. The two Empe-
rors went directly to Prague, where it is thought they
will pass five or six days.

But to return to the object of the deputation. The
Board of Public Works in Ireland has recommended
to the Admiralty the establishment of a packet station
on the west coast of Ireland, for the reception and
accommodation of all vessels trading between Great
Britain and the United States of America. By the
establishment of this station the passage to America
would be materially abridged in point of time ; and
the dangers of the Channel in stormy weather would
he entirely avoided. In rough weather, ships home-
_ward-bound are frequently three weeks coasting before
they can reach the Bay of Dublin ; whereas if a har-
bour was built at Valencia, or at any other point along
the extreme western coast, every hour Pi time
tuuld 'saved. As soon as the prttce for the new
harbour shall be fixed upon by the Government, it is
of the utmost importance that no time be lost in the
construction of a railway, which will communicate
with the capital, for the direct, expeditious, and cheap
conveyance of every description of merchandize. To
the Government we leave the task of selecting
a proper place for the new packet. station : but
supposing that Valencia or the coast adjoining
should be chosen, it appears to us, that the best
course for the direction of the railway would be across
the country to Cork, and then to run parallel with the
great mail-coach road through Limerick, Waterford,
Kilkenny, Carlow) Naas, and on to Dublin. A line
through Wicklow from Waterford has been spoken
of; but it would not he so central, and besides, it
would have the effect of destroying altogether the ra-
pidly-declining commerce of the old city of Kilkenny.
From this main road, branches of railways could be
carried to all the principal trading towns in the South
of Ireland. A branch from Clonmel through Carrick-
on-Suir might unite these towns to the main -road at
Waterford. The same plan might be adopted with
respect to all other towns, by so extending the diffe-
rent branches as to include several districts within the
range of railway communication.
We are anxious that the work of improvement
should commence in the West and South of Ireland,
because we are confident that the other divisions of the
kingdom will not lag behind, even should the Govern-
ment be unable to render them any very active assis-
tance. In the North, where the influence of Com-
merce has been partially felt, and where the blessings
of a more enlightened civilization, have considerably
extended, there is no want of that intelligence, industry,
and enterprise which impels men to take advantage of
every change which promises to improve their fortunes
and advance their political and social interests. Ire-
land can only be made available to the benefit of her-
self and the strengthening of this country, by the esta-
blishment of such branches of industry as shall render
the education, and the daily intercourse of her people
with each other, not a matter of choice, but of abso-
lute and inevitable necessity. The carrying of rail-
ways throughout the country will stimulate the industry
of the labouringpopulation—remove, and in time eradi-
cate, prejudices by the interchange of ideas, feelings,
and impressions—give security to life and property,
and encourage the large investment of English capital
—and by augmenting the wants of the inhabitants in
the interior, compel them to have recourse to the legi-
timate means of supplying them—regular application
to business. Now the Irish labourer is doomed to
idleness for half the year. When he has planted
his handful of potatoes, and cut as many turf
as he expects to burh during the winter—the
work of three weeks or a month at the utmost
—the bulk of his employment is over till the
month of September, when about the same time is
required to gather in the little harvest. The summer
and winter are alike seasons of rest, or as is more gene-
rally the case, scenes of agrarian outrage and maraud-
ing violence. It is useless to blame the idleness of the
peasant ; work is not chosen for its own sake in any
country; and we need not therefore be surprised that it
is avoided in Ireland. Men work not for working's
sake, but for the remuneration which it promises ;
and it is because it would bring no remuneration that
The Irish peasant avoids it. Where remuneration
is to be obtained, the Irish labourer works diligently
(it all seasons, however severe the privations to which
ht,' may he exposed. Neither in England nor in Scot-
law,' are proofs of this wanting. In every street, on
,1

FRENCH FUN 'M.—Pawls, OCTOgEIt 12.
Five per Cents., 108 f. 20c. 25e. 20e. 30c.
Four per Cents., 98f. 90c.
Three per Cents. 511. Vie. 00e. 85e.
Bank Actions, 2,130 f.
Rente de Naples, Vilf. 50e. 45e. 40e. 30c. 20c.
Roman Five per Cents., 103% 103 103'A
Ilente d'Espagne„ Five per Cents., 3254%14.
Rente d'Espagne, Three per Cents., 20% 20.
RentePerpet.d'Espagne, Five per Cent., 344 33.
nelgian Lean, Five per Cents., 102 102%.
Portuguese Loan, Five per Cents, 89 69%.
Portuguese Three ner Cents. 58A.
flaytian Loan, 345 f.
EXCRANGN ON LONDON.
One month, paper, 25f. 65c. t money, 2it
Three months, paper, 25f. 3754 c. money, 25E 3714 e.
—fours Authentiaue.

BOURSE THREE o'CLOCK.—The market has been very flat
to-day: at Tortoni's, the 3 per Cents. were done at 82f. 2:kc.
At the opening of the Bourse several brokers endeavoured to
sell, but they found it very difficult to do so; the price of 82f.
ga►e way, and fell to 81f. 85c. sellers. The Spanish securi-
ties are lower, with little business.
QUARTER TO FOUR.—Five per Cents., 108 f. 35c. ; Three
per Cents., 81f. 90c. ; Five per Cents. Spanish, 32,1; Three
per Cents. Spanish, 20 ; Cortes, 32i; Coupons, 19 ; Gueb-
bards, —; Differes, 18k; New Loan, 411; Actives, —;
Passives, 121; Ducats, 09 35 ; Romans, 103 E; Pedros, 89
-Belgians, 102; Dutch, —; Haytians, 345 f. ; Miguels, 191;
Brabant Bank, —; Belgian Bank,

New York Papers' to the 21st of September have
been received at the North and South American
Coffeehouse ; we have uo room to-day for extracts.