The Sun.
London, England, 1859-11-01 00:00:00

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as, "1"4•

tolerating the calm accomplishment of flagrant
robbery by the United States troops—no matter
whether those troops acted with or without the
authorisation of the Government at Washington.
We have already to carry retribution to the
Chinese for their criminal and dastardly re-
pulse of our gunboats under the fortifications
of Taku. A deplorable reminder of which, as yet
unexpiated act of treachery, has but this day come
to us• in the long catalogue of our gallant tars
wounded upon the shallow current or the mud-
banks of the Peiho by that infamous ambuscade.
And now it remains to us to look well to it—
that the bloodless, but criminal and insulting
outrage, perpetrated by the troops of General
HARNEY shall be obliterated from remembrance by
the only course of proceeding that can possibly
obliterate it—namely, by our insisting, as a sine
qua non, that—first of all the island of San Juan
shall be evacuated by the 700 American soldiers
now illegally there; secondly, that the squatter
population shall be utterly dispersed ; thirdly,
that the fortifications run up there since the
recent date of the robbery shall be razed to the
ground : and then, finally, when all this has been
accomplished, that the rival claims to sovereignty
of this long-disputed island, or rather group of
islands, shall be settled quietly by arbitration be-
tween a new set of Commissioners.

Every one appears to be more or less alive to the
portents—evidencing in a hundred different direc-
tions the imminence of some great emergency.
Who has not called of late upon the patriotism of
England to Beware ? The signal has been sounded
north, south, east, and west, throughout the length
and breadth of these populous and thriving islands.
The tocsin of preparation has been rung hither and
thither in the columns of the Press, and within the
walls of Parliament. The most venerable, the most
wise, the most eloquent and the most prudent of
our statesmen have appealed in impassioned accents
and with irresistible logic to the civism and loyalty
of the population. The aged ex-Chancellor i
LYNDHURST has again and again in- '
sisted upon the necessity of our taking
warlike precautions as a rational race of freemen
who have sacred rights as well as incalculable
wealth to preserve. His learned and illustrious
compeer, like himself more than an octagenarian,
has pointed the same moral and adorned the same
tale by his moving and powerful apologue of the
Tempter with the Laurel, and the Apple of Discord
preparing to foment a deadly strife between France
and England. This morning another veteran man
of genius has urged upon the nation the imperative
need of preparing for the worst possibility. Sir W.
NAPIER has written pertinently upon the subject of
our rifle volunteers, and upon the more than
advisability of their being drilled in the defence
of houses, canals, and bridges, in the event of their
having ultimately to encounter as sharpshooters
the forces of some vast invading army. Mean-
while, thanks to the "doing," instead of merely
"talking," of the DERBY Administration—thanks
to the clear common sense and resolute determina-
tion of Lord DERBY'S First Lord of the Admiralty
—we have now what we should certainly not have
had but for that, a . Channel fleet and an adequate
fleet in the Mediterranean. So much for the steps
already taken towards the comprehensive recon-
struction of our old immemorial " wooden
walls " walls for the most part nowa-
days not wooden, being chiefly composed
of iron, impelled by steam instead of sails,
acting principally through the screw propeller
instead of the old fashioned paddlewheel. And
while we have thus had our external defences
already seriously cared fur, we have not been
inactive in regard to the reorganisation of our
militia corps, our yeomanry cavalry, oar land
batteries, and our multiplying and still multiplying
bodies of skilled and drilled riflemen. There has been
a great deal of talk no doubt about our defensive
armaments and the reason for them. But besides
the mere talk and writing, there has been a good
deal of well-directed action likewise. Of this the
records of the Board of Admiralty afford a striking
illustration, together with those also of the Horse
Guards and o rthe Ordnance Department. Certainly,
if Forewarned, as the proverb says, is Forearmed—
England is by this time armed to the teeth, armed
cap-A-pie, sword on thigh, gun cocked, bayonet
bristling. For during now considerably more than
a year and a day we have heard little else than the
ring of the note of preparation. And bearing in
mind what it is we have to def end, there can be
assuredly but small marvel at this—particularly
when the warlike strength and efficiency of our
nearest neighbour is borne in recollection. A couple
of hours' steaming has permanently bridged over
the narrow span of the waters of the Channel.
Vessels of war, thanks to the steam engine and the
screw propeller, are altogether independent of wind
and tide. France never hadsuch a naval armament
as that which now lies ready for action in her sea-
ports and dockyards. This already formidable
maritime force she is still increasing and increasing
for no visible purpose whatever unless it be
for the subjugation, if possible, at any
rate, the attempted subjugation, of some other great
naval power. Together with which threaten-
ing reserve force, has she not an army second to
none in the whole world—an army, moreover, just
now covered thick with freshly-culled laurels,
and flushed with a series of recent victories ?
Supreme at the head of that vast and heroic army,
with all his marshals around him, ready for any ex-
ploit he may deem advisable, the most inscru-
table and daring intellect of our age, a man who
has for twelve years past shown his astuteness
and capacity as a ruler of thirty-six millions, a man
who has more recently and within the brief compass
of one rapid and masterly campaign attested his
1 genius as a military Commander-in-Chief
With all these warning words and deeds glaring
-upon our recognition wherever we look, we cannot
surely—surely we cannot here in England sink
back again very easily into our old apathy or
indifference ? Heaven defend us from doing so!
GOD defend us from a relapse so suicidal and dis-
astrous ! Saying which from our hearts's core,
are we not heartened to new efforts by the
thought that GOD helps those who help them-
selves

The Prince Nicolas and the Princess Eugenie of
Leuchtenberg, accompanied by the Countess Tolstoy ard.
Colonel Rehbinder, have arrived at Claridge's llotel.

The Duke of Newcastle left town on Saturday
evening for his seat, Clumler Park, Notts.

The Chancellor of the Exchequer left town yes-
terday for Cambridge.
The Right lion. T. Milner Gibson has left town
for his seat, Theberton House, Suffolk.
The Hon. W. E. Duncombe, M.P., and Mrs.
Duneombe have left Farranee's Hotel, Belgravia, for
Leases, Bedale, Yorkshire.

The Dean of Worcester and Mrs. Peel have
arrived at Farrance's Hotel, Belgravia, from Waresley
House; near Stourport.

Mr. 'Henry E. Baring, M.P., and Mrs. Baring
have returned to Farranee's Hotel, Belgravia, from visiting
in the north.

Mons. de Sabouroff, Attaebe to the Russian
Legation, has arrived at Wallace's Hotel.

DRINKING FOUNTAIN IN CHEAPSIDE.— On Satur-
day morning a public drinking fountain was unveiled in
Bow-churchyard, Cheapside. The fountain, which is ele-
gant and elaborate, and of solid granite, is the gift of
Messrs. Moore, Groucock, and Co., the eminent lace mer-
chants of the City, In addition to the fountain dog-
troughs are provided,

row.

THE SUR, LONDON, TUESDAY EVENING, NOVEMBER 1, 1859,

LATEST NEWS.

The following telegrams have been received at
Mr. Reuter's office :

TUMN, OCT. 31.

The Piedmontese Gazette of to-day publishes the
new provincial communal act. The object of this
act is to create a system of centralisation in the
political machinery of the Government, and to de-
centralise in matters of administration. In all
parts of the State the communal franchise will be
increased. The new kingdom will be divided into
17 provinces. A governor will be placed at the
head of each province, with a Government council.
The governor will represent the executive power.
The same official journal publishes another de-
cree, regulating the terms upon which the new
loan is to be effected—namely, by authorising the
sale of four millions of Rente, by public subscrip-
tion, to bear interest from the Ist of January, 1860.
The issue prices will shortly be fixed.
The National Bank will. resume cash payments,
on presentation of its bank notes, on the Ist of
November.

MARSEILLES, OCT. 31.

Advices have been received from Naples to the
27th ult. General Filanghieri has resumed again
the direction of the Ministry of War. The full
strength of the army of the Abruzzi has been made,
up, and has been provisioned. The said army re-
tains its character of a corps of observation.
Letters from Sicily state that disturbances still
continue there, but they are of little importance.
Secret agents maintain the agitation. A general
feeling of uneasiness pervades the public mind,
caused by various kinds of apprehensions.

ORAN, OCT. 25.

Beni Suassen having received strong reinforce-
ments, commenced hostilities on the 17th ult., by a
well-sustained musketry fire, but he did not dare to
approach our frontier.

PARIS, OCT. 31.

Letters from Madrid state that Marshal O'Don-
nell will take his departure from Madrid to-mor-

Offensive operations against Morocco will com:
mence on the 7th or Bth November.
General Zabala will take the command-in-chief
of the army until the arrival of the Count de
Lucena.

MADRID, OCT. 29.
Generals Olano, Teron, and Quesada leave this
evening for Algesiras.

BERNE, OCT. 31.
Count Kraolyi, the first Austrian Plenipoten-
tiary, has arrived here to-day.
It is stated that the Congress will soon com-
mence its labours.

FRANCE.

PARIS, MONDAY, 12.15 P.M.

The Bourse continues quiet, but the opening
prices of the funds show a material improvement.
Rentes, G9f. 55c. -

3.30 P.M.

A further rise has taken place, and Rentes close
at 69f. 75c., or 1, per cent. above Saturday's price.
Railway shares have also risen several francs.

AUSTRIA.

VIENNA, OCT. 29.

The Vienna Presse thus confirms the information
relative to the formation of a committee for ex-
amining into the state of the finances :
"It is affirmed that an Enquete Commission'
(Committee of Inquiry) will be formed of a certain
number of freely elected representatives of the com-
mercial and industrial world of Vienna, and of
two members of the Supreme Court of Justice
(Cour de Cassation). It will be the duty of
this Committee to examine minutely into the
state of the finances in general, and to suggest
means for removing the existing evils. As
there is at present no corporate body in existence
which could exercise an effective control over
the annual Budget, each separate article in it will
be examined by the Council of the Empire, which
will be reinforced by a certain number of finance
notables, before it is submitted to the Emperor for
his sanction. Both of these arrangements will
shortly be officially communicated to the public,
and at the same time an unreserved statement made
of the reasons which induced the Minister of
Finance, to emit obligations for 111,000,000f1. in
excess of the fixed maximum of the National Loan.
By these means this last-mentioned affair will be
brought to a conclusion (zuni Abschluss gebracht),
and Baron Bruck will remain in office."

The Committee of Inquiry may perhaps satisfy
the public for a time, but the Council of the Em-
pire is in such disrepute that its control over the
budget will be considered equivalent to none at all.
Baron Bruck's explanatory statement must ne-
cessarily be a failure, as it is impossible to find
any valid excuse for such a gross breach of good
faith as that of which he has been guilty. The Dutch,
the great holders of Austrian stock, have hitherto
given but few orders to sell, but the Frankfort and
Prussian capitalists have recently sold National Loan
and Metalliques to a very large amount. National,
which bears 5 per cent. nominally payable in silver,
was at 75 yesterday, and its coupons were quoted
at 18 per cent. premium. Baron Bruck avers
that the finances of Austria will be in order
within five years if Austria is not involved in
a war, but no one is inclined to attach any im-
portance to his assertion. The yearly deficit is a
cancer which is preying on the vitals of the
land, and the State must become bankrupt if
the annual expenditure is not at once greatly
reduced. All the measures hitherto taken for
restoring order to the finances have been mere
palliatives, and the Committee of Inquiry is likely
to find that things are even worse than they arc
supposed to be. Attempts have recently been made
to get rid of that part of the loan—some 40,0005.
—which was not taken in England last year, but
the German capitalists are disinclined to have any.
thing to do with the Austrian Finance Depart-
ment.

It is not probable that an offensive and defensive
treaty of alliance was concluded between Russia and
Prussia at Breslau, but it is certain that a perfect
understanding has been established between the
Emperor Alexander and the Prince Regent of
Prussia. Their object is to maintain the peace of
Europe, or rather -to avoid getting involved in a
quarrel with any of the other great Powers. Both
Russia and Prussia will advocate the cause of the
lawful Sovereigns of the Italian Duchies, but they
will protest against any active intervention in their
behalf. Lord John Russell's speech at Aberdeen
produced a bad impression both at St. Petersburg
and Berlin, as neither the Emperor Alexander nor
the Prince Regent is a great admirer of the
doctrine that the people have a right to depose
their rulers and elect new ones. The Tuscan
deputation to Prussia only had a private audience
of M. von Schleinitz, who did not receive it quite
so cordially as has been represented. When one of
the speakers observed that the Grand Duke Ferdi•
nand was not a legitimate ruler, inasmuch as he was
not of a Tuscan family, the Prussian statesman
quietly reminded him that the reigning Prussian
family had its origin in the Principality of Hohen-
zollern.