The Sun.
London, England, 1859-05-28 00:00:00

rH SUN, LONViON, SATURDAY EVENING, MAY 28, 1859.

"1 E fir NF W
L A -

TgE IVA.R IN ITALY.

TURIN, MAY 28.
OFFICIAL BiILiXTYY PUBLISHED TO-DAY.
Garibaldi has occupied S position at St. Fermo,
but many of his officei Is are killed and wounded.
Our troops continue attackiog the enemy, and
have penetrated as far as Como.
The town of Como was .;finminated, and great
joy prevails among the populaCe.
The enemy is still at Camerlata.
At Lanigiano, in Parma, the people have rjsen
and pronounced for the King of Sardinia.
General Ribotti, with Tuscan troops, military
engineers, and yens d'armes entered Parma amidst
the plaudits of the people, who declared for the
King of Sardinia and Italian independence.
The Parmesan troops have retired.

TURIN, MAY 27.

Austrian steamers are cruising about the Lago
Maggiore, threatening the country on the banks of
the lake. The inhabitants, being in arms, offer
resistance to the menaces of the enemy.
The steamer Radetzki appeared before the town
of Cannobio and fired a few shots without effect,
but the discharges from the small arms of the
National Guard and of the Customs Guards soon
compelled her to bear away again.
A private message received here announces that
General Garibaldi occupies a strong position near
Varese.
Yesterday evening Count de Saltnour departed
for Naples.

PARIS, MAY 28.
The Moniteur of to-clay publishes the following
telegram :
ALESSANDRIA, May 27.—The situation of affairs
affords nothing new to note.

MADRID, MAY 27.

According to adviees received from Lisbon, the
Portuguese Government has declared to the Cortes
its intention of remaining neutral during the pre-
sent war.

BRIINE, MAY 27.

According to a message from Lugano of to-day,
Garibaldi left Varese this morning for Como.
6,000 Austrians are concentrated at Camerlata.
Railway communication between Camerlata and
Milan is interrupted, and also the telegraphs from
Collico to Jocco and through the Valtelinc.

TRIESTE, MAY 27.
A Turkish steamer ' has arrived bringing the
overland mail, but the news is unimportant.
Advices have also been received from Corfu, the
23d instant.
Two Austrian steamers have arrived there with-
out hindrance.

BERNE, NIAY 27.
The following telegrams have been received at
Mr. Renter's office :

Yesterday General Garibaldi overcame the Aus-
trians at Varese, took two pieces of cannon,
and pursued the retreating enema•. On both sides
the losses were great. The inhabitants of the sur-
rounding country have revolted and ri,en in arms.
Garibaldi has issued a proclamation calling on the
Lombards to rise.

TURIN, MAY 27.

A private telegram received hero from Naples
announces that the King of Naples has, on his =-
cession to the throne, published a proclamation, in
which he enumerated the good qualities of his pre-
decessor, but avoids making any engagements for
the future, and abstains from pronouncing his opi-
nion on the events now going forward in the
Italian peninsula.

Garibaldi's corps have had their first serious
affair with the Austrians. On the 26th, an Aus-
trian force, about 6,000 or 7,000 strong, attacked
the Piedmontese at La Malmati, in the direction of
Como. The fighting was highly creditable to the
Italians, who charged with the bayonet as soon as
they could get up to their enemies. After a three
hours' contest, the Austrians retreated towards
Como—Garibaldi's men following them up. The
Italians were 4,000 strong, but had no artillery.
A second despatch says :—" The Chasseurs des
Alpes have fought bravely, charging with the
bayonet. Varese and the surrounding country,
in full insurrection, are under arms. Garibaldi
is in pursuit of the retreating enemy. To-
day the Emperor has visited Vercelli in company
with Marshal Vaillant. He was received by General
La Marmora, the authorities, the clergy, and the
people, who greeted him with enthusiastic cheers."
Garibaldi's forces and those of the Prince Napo-
leon aro rapidly closing on the Austrians, and by
the end of.the month an important engagement is
axpected to take place. Should the Austrians be
defeated we shall hear of propositions for peace,
England being used by the Cabinet of Vienna as
the medium.

The following proclamation was issued by Gen.
Garibaldi to the inhabitants of Lombardy on his
arrival on their territory :
" Lombards,—You are called to a new life, and
you must answer the appeal as your fathers did at
Ponsida and Legnano. The enemy is still the
same—the:same atrocious, pitiless, plundering as-
sassin. Your brothers in other provinces have sworn
to conquer or die with you. It is for you to revenge
the insults, the outrages, the servitude of 20 past
generations. It is for you to leave to your sons a
patrimony freed from the stain of the domination
of the stranger. Victor Emmanuel, whom the
national voice has called to be your chief, sends
me into the midst of you to organise you to
fight for your country'. I am deeply impressed
by the holy mission which is confided to me, and
proud of commanding you. To arms then let vour
slavery cease. Whoever has strength to hold an
arm, and refrains, is a traitor ! Italy, with her
children united and freed from foreign bondage,
will suffice to reconquer the position which Provi-
dence has assigned her amongst nations."

The Piedmontese Gazette publishes the 48tb,
49th, and 50th bulletins. The latter has been an-
ticipated by telegraph : the others are as follow:
" No. 4t3. 24th, :1.30 p.m.—The whole of the Irn-
Peril Guard is to follow the Emperor to his new
been e -quarters at Voghera. This movement hail
delayed because the cavalry of the guard was
expected ; but it has now begun to arrive.
alarm
" No. 49.24 th, evening.—Yesterday the Austrian
Ticino sheered
steam
give Ticino u
p two approached
persons lntra,
arr es arrested
summoning o n
spies.i n g rtifilaket
place steamer
Giovanni and °
was beat, the bells rung, and the National
men were hurt
G u a r d
off
large numbers ; whereupon the
firing against the island of San
it La Castagnola. None of our
of the fury of the ma)Ta is in great apprehension
reactionary party
hadto *cry, who arc excited by the
Austrians that east off all discipline. The
with the Nfodenese troop' arrived at Reggio an. retiring
Duke is preparing for pdierto lirescello, where the
trees and laying the country under elating down
er water."
1 Intra is on the Piedmontebe side of the Lugo
Nfaggiore, north of Pallanza, and Ix,
a ut 10 kilometres
from the Swiss frontier.
A Vienna letter of the 221 says :..._" An army. of
120,000 men is about to be formed in 1 -
lohemia It is
said that the A is )e appointedrchduke Albert
to 1.
to the command in chief of all the troops of the Em-
pire with the exception of those of Italy and Hun-
gary. The Archduke is not, as at first intended, to
be placed at the head of any army which Austria
might send if necessary to the Rhine."
Russia has pledged herself not to enter into the

war unless Germany moves; she has pledged her-
self to that policy, and has caused her intentions
to be clearly known at Berlin and elsewhere. The
Cabinet of St. Petersburg therefore advises the
German States not to employ any of their diplo-
matists on a mission which would end in their
complete failure. The responsibility of making,
the war European will fall on those who wish to
thwart France in freeing Italy from Austrian rule.
His Excellency M. de Persigny is expected in
Paris. His visit is occasioned by purely domestic
necessities, and he will return to London within a
week.

THE STATE OF PIEDMONT.
(From the Correspondent of the Times.)
TURIN, M. 25.

Until the French have got up all they want, and
are in a perfect state of efficiency, there seems little
c.hance of my having any important event to record.
From one day to another, however, they may find
theint,elves complete, and assume the offensive. A
bulletin published yesterday afternoon announces
that the French Emperor was starting for Voghera,
there to establish his head-quarters. He was to be
followed by the whole of the Imperial Guard, of
which a good deal of the cavalry is now arrived.
Voghera, as you will see by the map, is well on
towards the present front of the Franco-Piedmon-
tese, on the high road to Piacenza, and at little more
than three Italian miles from Montebello. If this
army remains inactive for many days longer, it will,
I suspect, be less for want of men, horses, or guns,
than from the necessity of getting up large stores of
provisions before commencinga forward movement.
The Austrians have cleared the frontier provinces,
and should they have to retreat, will probably
not leave a great deal behind them in those of
Lombardy. I hear that the French have already
consumed a great part of the rations laid in for the
Sardinian army, and it is certain that at the
Piedmontese head-quarters there is no superabun-
dance of forage for horses, and that some kinds of
it were running rather short a day or two ago. It
is no light matter to victual an army of upwards
of 200,000 men ; the =bunt of transport required
is prodigious, and in this the French arc said to be
deficient.
I know not how the Turinese will demonstrate
their delight should great successes be achieved by
the Franco-Piedmontese army, for they seem to be
expending all their enthusiasm and exultation upon
trifles. They
an important victory, and last night they could
magnified the affair of Montebello into
think and talk of nothing but of Garibaldi's capture
of 47 men. A squadron of French Lancers arrived
here yesterday, and were the object of intense in•
terest and curiosity. One of this afternoon's papers
announces that the Bey of Tunis has sent his Prime
Minister, Chevalier Raffo, on a mission to the King,
with a generous offer of soldiers for the war of in-
dependence. The envoy arrived at Genoa on board
a Tunisian man-of-war, and left immediately for
head-quarters. Certainly the cause of liberty in
Italy finds strange supporters. First steps forward
the despotic Sovereign of France, and now the Bey
of Tunis tenders his old. Letters from Genoa speak
of the crowded state of the port and of the con-
tinual arrival of French vessels, from which large
quantities of provisions and military stores arc
landed. The presence of the terrible does not
seem pleasing to the Piedmontese, although why
they should object to it is hard to say, except that
in their present temper they would object to any-
thing English, and if a member of the Royal
Yacht Club chose to put into a Sardinian port in
his cutter we should soon be told of some deep and
dangerous designs on his part.
Captain Blackwood arrived here yesterday, with
despatches from the Foreign-office for Sir James
Hudson, and proceeded at once to Rome.
The weather continues extremely unsettled. This
week we have had daily thunderstorms, followed
by heavy rains.

AUSTRIA.

VIENNA, MAT 25.

Pavia is in a state of siege, and on the 19th
inst. the inhabitants of the city were ordered
1
to deliver up their arms to the military authori-
ties within " three times twenty-four hours." The
Pavia correspondent of the Oesterreichishe Zeitung
observes that it would have been better if the
order had been given some time ago, as many
persons have recently been assassinated in the
streets. Among the victims are the correspondent
of a Cerman paper, who ventured to write against
Sardinia, and a young Italian girl who had formed
an intimate connexion with a German. The fortifi-
cations at Pavia are on such a grand scale that it is
evident the Austrians are resolved to make a firm
stand on the left bank of the Ticino, and to retain
possession of Lombardy as long as they possibly
can. Almost all the labourers employed in the
construction of the fortifications at Pavia are Pied-
montese, who arc but too happy to receive two
zwanzigers (16d.) a day for their work. More
troops are about to leave this city, for notice has
been given to the public that for some days after
the 06th inst. no local trains will run on the
Southern railroad. The two trains which take
passengers and the mails to Trieste leave at 8.40 in
the morning and at the same hour in the evening.
The Sardinians are trying to destroy the bridge
at Vacarrizza by sending trunks of trees down the
Po, but their labour is in vain, as the Austrians did
not make use of pontoons. Such strict discipline
is maintained in the Austrian camp that he who
"loots" is almost sure to make acquaintance with
the "Ilaslinger" (the hazel stick used by the cor-
porals in castigation is so called). Some men belong-
ing to the train thought fit to carry off several look-
ing-glasses, in handsome gilt frames, from the
theatre at Mortara, and within two hours after the
theft had been committed the culprits had received
their dose of stick on, the stage of the theatre,
and in the presence of some of the municipal
authorities. As you have doubtless heard
from your correspondent at head-quarters, two
soldiers who had " borrowed" some trinkets,
from a figure of the Holy Virgin, which
was in a chapel on the roadside, were tried
by a court-martial, and shot. On the 21st inst., a
brigantine managed to run into the port of Venice,
and her crew related that a part of the French fleet
had made an attack on the Island of Lissa, which Is
the Malta of the Adriatic. The island is strongly
fortified, but it is not probable that it would be able
to hold out very long against a powerful enemy. It
need har4lv be said that no official information of
what is passing at Lissa has been received here.

FRANCE.

PARIS, FRIDAY.

BOURSE, May 27.—Tii opening of the market
was rather buoyant, owing to a telegram announc-
ing that
'Garibaldi had defeated the Austrians,
but prices afterwards gave way, and business be-
came heavy. Threes, after having been done at
61f. 50c. and 61f. 55c., receded to 61f. 35c. ;
Mobilier varied from 590 f. to 585 f.; Austrian,
562 f. 50c. to 5601.; Orleans, 1,177 f. 50c. to
1,1751. ; Lyons, 7771. 50c. to 775 f.; Southern 435 f.
to 4421.50 c.; Northern, 8801. t0877f. 50c.; Eastern,
600 f. to 5971. The following were the closing
quotations:-
4} per Cents.
6189
5.2.5".
i; Cpridiedniti.Fnotnemacierc.,) 67_2.7;
Do. end month .. 89 2.i (Belgian 4t—
-3 per Cents. hU
Do. enl month.... 61 60 Roman Bl 50
Bank Shares. "710 Austrian
Credit Mobilier .587 50 Spanish Threes
•
Do. Account

INDIA AND CHINA.

THE CALCUTTA MAIL,

The India anti China journals brought by the
Overland Calcutta Mail have arrived. The dates
from Calcutta are to the 22d; four days behind the
news which we last received from Bombay. The
Englishman says :
_

The condition of the rebels still in arms becomes daily more
desperate and more wretched, as they are hunted and their
resources cut off from them ; but though beaten they are
still numerous enough to be troublesome, and from.the mis-
taken course pursued with them many of them are by no
means hopeless of another chance. They tight only when
compelled, but plunder at every opportunity, and oblige us
at great cost to follow their movements, and when at last
any number find themselves hemmed in, they give them-
selves up, with arms in their hands yet hot from their last
exploit, and are received under the terms of the still open
amnesty. Literally such was the case with a party of
about io men who looted a factory near Buxar, and when
they found themselves cut off from escape, next day gave
themselves up as we have said. Officers coming down
assert that the Sepoys are often heard to say,—" Yes, we
are beaten; the Bengal army has lost its chance ; but you
have got the Madras and the Bombay armies, and the time
will come." We should be glad to have ground for saying
the struggle is at an end. The country is settled ; but
a glance through our columns will show that, though ap-
proaching that consummation, there is yet work to be done,
and the worst season to do it

From Hong Kong intelligence is to the 13th of
April. The Overland China Mail of that date
gives the following in its summary :

Baron Gros, the French plenipotentiary, left this on the
ith instant in the Audacieuse for Singapore, from whence
he returns to Europe. M. do Bourbonllon, at present at
Macao, is now the French Minister, and the Legation will
be removed to Shanghai next month. The Bishop of Vic-
toria has also left, on a visit to Australia.
From Cochin China there are more particulars of the
taking of Saigon, which does not seem to have cost a single
life to the allied French and Spanish force. The booty is
said to have been immense, both of arms and of copper cash.
From Shanghai there have come rumours which may
possibly have some influence on the course to be pursued
by the British Minister to China. „It is said that the Rus-
sians have established their. legation at Peking, and that
their Minister has been attended there by a large retinue,
but that he has already had a difference with the Chinese
Government, from his refusing to communicate officially
with any one but the Emperor himself. It is also reported,
that Tien-twin (where the treaty was concluded) has been
occupied by a large number of Chinese troops, and " diffi-
culties" are apprehended when our Minister advances to
Peking with the ratified treaty.
Business is almost entirely suspended at Canton, and the
rumour that the city is about to be evacuated by the allies
is one great cause of fear. No teas are making their ap-
pearance, and almost no purchases aro made of our imports
except of manufactures used in Canton itself and the imme-
diate neighbourhood. It is reported that the rebels who
hold the possession of the
.passes to the tea districts, have
intercepted the small remaining quantity of this season's
tea which was on its way down, and are interfering with
the Cultivation in some districts. It is feared by the
Chinese that immediately after our evacuation of the
city it will be seized by the rebels, and so they are
unwilling to engage in commercial operations which
may only serve to enrich others. Both in- the east
and of the north-west of the province of Kwang-tung,
the rebels have been successful of late-, and aro pressing
towards Canton. In 1846 they nearly took that city, and
were driven back with some difficulty ; but now there is no
determined Yeh to govern the province, or to intimidate
t he rebels by wholesale executions in the event of the foreign
troops being withdrawn.

Ai all thi; ports business has been dull during the last
fortnight : but the resumption of the immigration of Chi-
nese to California has slightly increased the demand for
shipping. The continued dryness of the spring has caused
a considerable rise in the demand for rice at all the porta
and at Macao.

There have been lately many and gross instances of kid
napping Chinamen in order to send them as contract coolies
to the Havana. This slave trade has not been carried on at
Hong Kong, but on the mainland, especially in the neigh •
bourhood of Canton and Whampoa, and the Chinamen thus
kidnapped are said to have been taken down, chained in
lorchas, to the neighbouring Portuguese settlement of Macao,
where they are placed in barracoons, and shipped off, chiefly
in French vessels, for Cuba.