The Sun.
London, England, 1866-12-08 00:00:00

been £4,551; the expenses £3,021, or 58 per cent.,
leaving a net profit of £1,530. Of the capital of
£lOO,OOO there is nearly £lO,OOO unexpended. Mr.
Holloway's able report on the working of the line
furnished full details which deserved perusal. Every
assistance had been afforded by the Madras Govern-
ment and by the Madras Railway and their officers.
The directors expected an early reply from the Se-
cretary of State as to the extension of those works
on the Indian 51-ft. gauge, and upon such terms as
would be acceptable and sufficient. The release from
any payment for interest by the Government this
year upon upwards of £30,000,000 to the East In-
dian and Great Indian Peninsula Railways would
probably have its due weight with the Government
as to extending those works before the large foreign
loans had diverted much of the available capital of
the country. If it were needful to confirm the value
of those undertakings, the exertions being made in
America by subsidies of from £3,300 to £9,900 per
mile to the Pacific Railway would suffice ; but the
Government were alive to the subject, and they
would very soon have their final decision. The sad
accounts from India showed that the famine in the
Orissa districts continued unabated, the deaths
from starvation averaging in each hospital 100 aday.
Upwards of 100,000 persons were fed daily by the
Government and private charity, and the total mor-
tality was estimated at 1,000,000, out of a popula-
tion of 5,000,000. Well might the Times' correspon-
dent write that " Famines are very dear to the Go-
vernment." Nothing could ever check the evil and
its periodical recurrence but a comprehensive system
of irrigation to produce and railways to transport
the means of sustenance throughout the country.
(Hear, hear.)
Resolutions were passed adopting the report and
accounts and re-electing Major-Gen. Alexander and
Mr. Baine, the retiring directors. Mr. Kimber was
elected a director, in the room of Mr. Allan, who re-
tired. The retiring auditors, Mr. Franklin and Mr.
Smith, were re-elected, and ten guineas voted to each
for the past year. The proceedings concluded with
a vote of thanks to the chairman and directors.

Louis, Pontarlier, Bellegarde, Saint Michel, Nice,
Marseilles, Cotte, Le Perthus, Hendaye, Bayonne,
Bordeaux, Nantes, Saint Nazaire, Granville, Havre,
Dieppe, Rouen, Boulogne, and Calais.

The Imperial Commission will issue special in-
structions relative to the period when the materials
for the buildings, as objects for exhibition, the sepa-
rate parts of machines and apparatus, heavy and
cumbersome articles, and those which require
masonry or special foundations are to be brought
into the precincts of the Exhibition. Such works are
to be performed by the exhibitors and at their own
cost, in accordance with the plans submitted to
them for the approval of the Imperial Commission.
The Imperial Commission will supply gratuitously
the water, gas, steam, and motive power for the
machines admitted. This motive power will, ex-
cept in special cases, be transmitted by a hori-
zontal main shaft, the diameter and the num-
ber of revolutions per minute of which will be made
known by the Imperial Commission before the 31st
December, 186 G. The exhibitors will have to fur-
nish driving pulleys on the main shaft, connecting
pulleys, and intermediate shafting for the purpose
of regulating the proper speed of the apparatus, as
well as the belts necessary for each of these mo-
tions. Steam-engiues which require to be supplied
with steam from their own boilers cannot be shown
in the Exhibition building, and special directions
will therefore be issued respecting them. All other
expenses, such as the employment of workmen in
the building, the reception and opening of packages,
the removal and charge of packing-cases, the con-
struction of counters, stages, glass and other
cases, &c., the placing of goods in the Exhibition
building and in the park, the decoration of the
are to be borne
foreign. The
bstyaltlsh,e aenxdhibthiteerrse,t uFrnreonfe
hthaesgwooedlls
as,
Imperial Commission will point out to exhibitors,
who may apply, contractors for the execution of their
work, and for the removal and custody of their
cases; but they are at liberty to employ any contrac-
tors or workmen they may think fit. The various
stalls and fittings may be erected in the Exhibition
as fast as the buildings are completed ; they must
be commenced at latest on the Ist of December,
1866, and must be ready for the reception of goods
before the 15th January, 1867.
But the British Commissioners have pointed out
that it is desirable to avoid the use of glass cases as
much as possible, and that when cases were neces-
sary the frames only should be made in England
and the glass obtained in Paris, as these was much
breakage of glass in transmission on the occasion
of the Exhibition at Paris in 1855.

Railway Traffic Returns for the Week.

Mlles Opened. Reoelp;s.

By another recommendation the minute from
South Kensington on this occasion has remarked
that in order to display objects to the greatest ad-
vantage it has been found desirable to have cases of
a simple and unostentatious character. It was re-
commended that the framework be either metal
bronzed, or wood stained black, and that the name
of the exhibitor, his address, and class, should be
attached to the case within the framework. The
department, upon the particulars being sent and
approved, provided, and will provide, at its own
cost, all labels to be placed above 10 feet from the
ground on walls or screens, &c. _

Specimens of the size and character of the letters
recommended to be used on cases, and also of those
which would be used for large labels, were enclosed
with this minute. Exhibitors were requested not to
prepare any other kind of labels without first sub-
mitting a pattern to the officer in charge of arrange-
ments. And to practically enforce this advice a
specimen of the style of glass case and the lettering
recommended may still be seen at the South Ken-
sington Museum.

'FEE SUN, LONDON, SATURDAY EVENISG, DECEMBER 8 MO

Mr. Chisholm Anstey's New Work.

nine groups, corresponding with the nine groups of
the products of agriculture and industry enumerated
in the system of classification. The number, the
nature, and the various grades of the awards, as
well as the constitution and functions of the jury,
whose duty it will be to apportion them, will be
published hereafter.

The last chapter regulates the proceedings which
are to take place on the closing of the Exhibition
and removal of the goods. Immediately after
the closing of the Exhibition the exhibitors must
begin to pack and remove their goods and fittings.
This operation must be completed before the 30th
November, 1867. After that date the goods, cases,
and fittings, which may not have been taken away
by the exhibitors or their agents will be remove 1
and depoiited in public warehouses at the cost and
risk of the exhibitors. The objects which by the
30th June, 1868, may not have been removed from
that warehouse will be publicly sold, and the net
proceeds of the sale will be applied to some work of
charity.

We have thus minutely recapitulated all the
arrangements which regard the interests of exhibi-
tors from the United Kingdom. The staff officers
we have also added as it was supplied by the proper
authorities. All inquiries in this country from
actual or intending exhibitors are answered at South
Kensington ; those in Paris can be addressed to the
official bureau, at 71, Champs Elysecs. This man-
sion was the residence of the sister of the Empress
of the French, the Duchesse d'Albe. The ground
floor will probably be occupied by the office of the
British executive. On the first floor the President
of the Council, as the chief of the executive, will
hold levees, &c., as he may think fit. The execu-
tive commissioner will occupy as a temporary resi-
dence the third floor, and such portions of the upper
part of the edifice as may be necessary. Provision
will be made in the fourth storey, &c., for those of
the staff who will be required to be in attendance
on the Exhibition.

Plea of the Unrepresented Commons for Restitution
of Franchise, an historic Inquiry. By Thomas
Chisholm Anstey, Esq., of the Hon. Society of
the Middle Temple.
A reviewer in the Anglo-American Times says :
" The right of suffrage in county or city, in borough
town or cinque port, was unrestricted at the com-

mon law. Not even residence being obligatory until
the Legislature began—Henry 1., chtip. v.—to make
it so. Even after the Tudors had tampered with
the towns and boroughs, only three out of the 147
were regulated by Royal charter in the election of
members. The rest held their rights of election by
immemorial usage, or by common law that is upon
the broadest basis of popular right. In spite of the
deplorable abuses which the course of usurpation had
produced, the violated principle remained too clear
for cavil, and in the worst of times it was reluctantly
admitted that when "no law or custom existed to the
contrary the election was in the householders, and
not only in the freeholders." " Householder" in-
cluded, the lodger, in-dweller, or inhabitant of any
kind—in short, the resident. Freeholder, down to
the passing of the Copyhold Prohibition Act at the
end of the reign of George 11., denoted perpetuity
or fixity of tenure, and in that way was applicable
to copyholds for life or of inheritance. That copy-
holders did to the last rank and vote as freeholders
is evident from the preamble of the Act George 11.,
which put an end to the practice. How then did
the unrestricted suffrage of the common law give
way to the high-qualification proprietary claim,
the corporate pretension, the burgage tenure,
and such like inventions for keeping down
the people and setting up an oligarchy, which,
almost at the cost of a revolution, Lord John Russell's
Reform Bill at length was successful to take away ?
By usurpations for which the criminal ambition
of the Commons of Parliament were primarily and
ultimately responsible, and in which the rapacious
tyranny of the Tudors, the corrupt practices of the
Stuarts, and the scarcely less flagitious " influences"
of the post-Revolution time, had also their several
parts. At the end of the reign of Edward 111.
the Commons made an attempt to r:d them-
selves of popular control. A bill was sent