The Sun.
London, England, 1859-09-17 00:00:00

THE STN, LONDON, SATURDAY EVENING, SEPTEMBER 17, 1859,

THEATRE-ROYAL, HAYMARKET.
Lessee, Mr. J. B. Bnckstone.
THIS ETENING the performances will commence with
THE ROAD TO RUIN. Mr. and Mrs. C. Mathews?
And PAUL PRY.

Commence at 7.

ROYAL STRAND THEATRE.
Lessee and Directress, Miss Swanborough
THIS EVENING, THE GOOSE WITH THE GOLDEN
EGGS.
And TO PARE'N IS AND GUARDIANS.
After which, TRYING IT ON.

Followed by THE VERY LATEST EDITION OF THE
LADY OF LYONS.
Commence at 7 o'clock.

CANTERBURY HALL CONCERTS.-
EVERY EVENING.—The gpsic of Verdi's Opera of
MACBETH (now first made public in England at these Con-
eerts), the extraorainary Violin Performances of the cele-
L rated Infant DIiLEPIERRE FAMILY, and the usual
Vocal Concert.
Comic Vocalists —Messrs. George Hodson (the Irish Corne-
tts= and Mimic), W. T. Critchfleld, and E. W. Mackney.
Several intereing Pictures are added to the Fine Arts
The suite of Halls have been re-decorated and
Gallery
and constitute one of the most unique and brilliant
beautified,
sights of the metropolis.
Will shortly be produced, a Grand Selection from Meyer-
beer's new opera of DINNORA.

THE WEATHER.—SUN OFFICE, SEPTEMBER 17.
THERMOMETER, IN THE SHADE.
64--highest since noon yesterday.
55—lowest this morning and during the night.
62—this day at noon.
Benomrrint-29.82.
WIND, North and North-Westerly; fresh. It has blown
hard during the night, with rain and squally weather.

HIGH WATER AT LONDON BRIDGE.
Tsis DAY.—Morning, 4h. 27m.—Afternoon, 4h. 43m.
To-Moscow-Morning, sh. lm.—Afternoon, sh. 20m

The Gazette of last evening published the official
account from Admiral HOPE of the too sad disaster
at the mouth of the Peiho. The gallant Admiral's
description is at once clear and seaman-like, doing
fall justice to the manly intrepidity of all concerned
in so deplorable an encounter. But there is this
view' of the case which we cannot fail to
take into .onsideration, now that the calamity
has happened. Either there was too much
made of the honour intended to be paid to the
Ambassador:3, and too large a force sent if no hostile
opposition were apprehended, or too little by half
if we were to be met at the very threshhold with a
direct refusal to enter. Taken in either sense there
was. a want of due consideration ; for if we went to
deal with a treachefaus friend, surely half measures
were not the safe course to pursue. We had enough
experience of Chinese perfidy, and even contempt
for the " outside barbarians," as we were no doubt
candidly, but very ignorantly designated, to be at
any loss for a repetition of their knavery. But it is
all for the best, now that we cannot recal to life
those brave spirits that so heroically volunteered
everything in the cause of duty. We have been
taught a bitter lesson, be it either from jealous
Russian or from cunning Chinese, or from both
.ombined. Our future course is now clear as our
former was dubious and unprepared. In fact it

was idle from the first to treat the Chinese as re- ,
spectable people whose word would be taken as
their bond. They respect neither ; and thinking
they were only dealing with Barbarians, perhaps
they were right. But the result will teach
them how idle wastheir presumption, and how fool-
hardy was their belief. It is impossible for them
to repeat the same trick unless we are as stupid as
they think themselves over-wise. We have had
pretty good training from these Celestials in their
proper persons ; and we ought to be apt scholars by
this time. The Devil himself is no match for an
honest man, but he is all right with a rogue—being
of the same kidney—kindred in all mischief. But
for JOHN CHECAM.kN—he combines both characters
—honest for one purpose and over dishonest for
another I Let us treat him hereafter after his own
fashion and prove to him that we can cheat the
Chinese. Devil, even in the dark. This may excite
his admiration for us if it do not increase his

respect.
The question, then, is how to counteract the effects
of this disaster. We say—be prompt, powerful
and decisive. All these are happily within our
power. But hoNv ? We answer any how. If the
Peiho River and ,tne Gulf of Pee-chee-he be frozen

over in the winter- -there are other courses open to
us now as heretofore. The Chinese EMPEROR is
only to be treateu with after a vulgar
fashion—he must ha yo hard knocks, as the
Middy answered the people who asked
what he had for barter--Hardware ! was the
young Pedlar's reply—and hardware of heavy
calibre must be our future Ambassadors to his
Celestial MAJESTY. The Chinese worship that
EMPEROR as a god from a semie of sheer policy ;
and he seems to believe in his ascribed divinity
from a similar policy to take all for the best.
Mystery is only great because we don't know it ;
but once unfold the imposture, and all our belief
vanishes in empty vision ! Who would have
thought it ? is only the expression of vacant unre-
fleeting minds. There is the bugbear so dear to
,superstition, and now grasp it if you can ! It is
all illueion! and just turns out to be :so to one's
utter confusion.
The Chinese know us to be powerful, but they
think we are too generous to be wise. And per-
haps they are half right. Let us undeceive them
for once and for all. A worthy Veteran informs us
that no operations can be undertaken on the Peiho
before May or June next, because the river will be
frozen. Well, then, China is wide and large
enough for more central operations. There is the
great river leading Yan-tze Kian-keu, on the
grand canal which supplies Nankin and Pekin with
food. Let us take that by way of a beginning and
touch them up in their very vitals. Then, again, as
the Peiho is only a water way to Pekin, surely we
can make good a landing in the vicinity, for if au
army, be essential that army cannot operate on
later, only to land ; and it were well to take the
Chinese, by the horns at once, and so impress them
with
proper sense of our metal. There is no half-
way to the goal—it must be mastered at whatever
cost.

That the enemy is now wide awake to our capa-
bilities there is little or no doubt ; but the thing to
be achieved is, to leave
no room for any further
doubt. Our army can as well winter in China as
in India and if, as our veteran correspondent
states, the men must have double Pay, be it so, for
the Chinese will have to stand " the blunt ~_now

and for ever move.
Let us take Nal:kin first, and keep it wag
the capital when the Chinese were their o,n
masters. .Let us thou take Pekin, and keep that,
too, until the ransom---a right heavy one—be paid.
This will bring the EMPEROR, Mandarins, and all
the believers in CONTI-7MM to believe there may
be yet sometiCng even better worth paying atten-
tion to.
A good deal, has been remarked on the cunning
of the Chinese' in digging holes in the mud-banks,
so aa to :give clur gallant men a sousing in their
attack. he ides was worthy of the Celestials ; but
it was ,ottl. y common to Asiatics, for it may be re-
membered that the Burmese played the same
game years ago. They sunk pits in the course of an
hour, and i the whole army disappeared as if by

magic into the very bowels of the earth on which
they were encamped! They reasoned well and
practised better. In an hot countries, especially
in the East, people go under ground to avoid the
heat, as they do in cold regions for shelter from
frost, thus proving that extremes meet. And the
Chinese, reasoning by analogy, turned their
knowledge to account by making the deep
deeper still. " All is fair in war," so the adage
runs; but sometimes people dig pits into which
they may some day fall themselves ; and that the
Chinese have done so is now to be proved by the
promptitude of our policy and the unreT,enting
sternness of our actions.

The passage of the Ticino, resulting in the counter
passage of the Mincio, has done more already than
we had at one time ventured to hope. 'Surely some
Delphic oracle whispered in the ears of FRANCIS
JOSEPH as Count GYULAI and his legions stood on
the banks of the former stream, " if Austria cross
the Ticino she shall destroy a hateful policy." And
the modern CROESUS—CROESUS in the sense not of
wealth certainly, but of willing delusion—believed
that the " hateful policy" was the one so odious to
him, that of spreading abroad in Italy and else-
where the principles and practice of civil and
religious liberty. Dash forward, therefore, GYULAI
—down with constitutions and religious toleration
—up with despotism and the POPE!

For a week or two the despot interpretation of
the oracle seemed right ; the free, unarmed pea-
santry and burghers of Piedmont kad to pay th e
penalty to Austrian savages of belonging to a free
country; but soon the tide began to turn. And at
Solferino the superstitious young dupe of the
Jesuits had to wring his hands at finding that the
odious policy he had subverted was of civil and
religious oppression. From the very banks of the
Mincio paragraphs were indited to Vienna journals
which promised all kinds of reforms, especially a

fair measure of religious liberty even for Jews ;
while the Duchies had. begun that free, self-reliant,
and admirable course, which has issued in the ten-
dering of three Austrian Crowns to the only Italian
Monarch who has firmly maintained the civil and
religious rights of his subjects. Solferino seems,
after all, to have been a stroke which shook Austrian
policy to the north of the Alps, besides over-
throwing it entirely in Central Italy. Not only
have the Duchies and the Legations thrown
off priest-rule and Austrian rule, for the rule of a
constitutional monarch ; but throughout all the
provinces of her empire, Austria has been obliged
to proclaim new liberties for the non-Catholic
churches.

The document lately published in the Wiener
Zeitung (the Vienna Gazette) conferring apparently
equal or nearly equal political and ecclesiastical
privileges on the principal Protestant churches
with those enjoyed by the Roman Catholic Church,
is perhaps one of the most remarkable results of
the Italian struggle. For those which we have
seen in Italy, we were in some measure prepared ;
but few of us looked for religious libeAy in Hun-
gary, Transylvania, Croatia, Sclavonia, and other
minor provinces in that part of the empire, as a
consequence of the Austrian reverse in Lombardy.
Such a result is, however, perfectly natural. The
state of the empire was such that it could not bear
defeat, and the angry dissatisfaction of millions of
its subjects also. An army of half a million men
seemed enough to keep quiet all the heretics in the
empire ; and it was so while it was supposed to be
an invincible army ; but an army beaten in a fight
against national independence and free institutions,
lost half its terror for subjugated nationalities and
subjugated churches to the north of the Alps.
The independence and civil status conferred on

the Protestant churches seems now to be about as
much as they probably desire. They have practi-

tally become recognised State churches. The word
" parity of rights" with the Catholic Church, is
avoided, it is said, for fear of giving offence to the
yet more numerous party ; but the thing appears
to be pretty well secured. The Roman Catholic Su-
perintendent of Protestant affairs at Vienna, though
a man much respected and esteemed by Protestants
themselves, for his liberality and interest in their
welfare, has to give way to a Protestant Superin-
tendent. The different conferences are authorised to
form their own synods and religious assemblies, to
elect in the parishes their own rectors, vicars, and
schoolmasters ; matrimonisl affairs are to be en-
trusted to the management of the religious courts
of each confession ; the Protestant schools are to be
under no apprehension of Jesuit interference, but to
be for the future under the direction and inspection
of their own ecclesiastical authorities. Some polio*
rights are indeed reserved, and they might no doubt
be aL used, but we are willing to believe that the
document is sincerely intended. The object is con-
ciliation. And it is hardly likely that with a Pro-
testant Superintendent at Vienna the Austrian
police will be suffered to thwart what really seems

like a new policy.
What are we to look for next in Austria ? If the
Concordat be thus thrown aside what else may not
ge with it ? It is true that these franchises concern
the Protestants and their clergy only, immediately.
But will the Roman Catholic clergy be content to
see their Protestant confreres enjoying such power
and liberty while they themselves are enslaved to
Rome? The Concordat was almost entirely framed
in the interests of the POPE and the Bishops. The
parochial clergy were much aggrieved by it. They
will in all probability now demand their emancipa-
tion also. If it was important to allay Protestant
disaffection, it must be yet more so to satisfy the
parochial clergy of a Catholic Empire.
May we then venture to hope that even Austria
is beginning to feel that the rule of repression must
be relaxed. After 1848 the policy was adopted
and has been pursued with unscrupulous cruelty:
of centralising all administration, civil and re-
ligious, of ruling everything direct from Vienna
and Rome, and of effacing all natural and ecclesi-
astical distinctions in one uniform slavery. The
Italian war has revealed to the most besotted and
stupid Government in Europe that this will not do.
It has begun to learn the lesson that contentment of
subjects is the strength of a Government, and that
contentment there cannot be in the leaden rule of a
Viennese bureaucracy and a Catholic priesthood.
Will the young Emperor and his advisers go on to
learn ? They have but got through the alphabet
yet. Dull pupils we must expect them to be. How-
ever, they have made a beginning, and, for them, a
promising one. We confess we did not expect any-
thing half so good at first in this department.
Ecclesiastical liberty and self-government for Pro-
testants, even sander central supervision, is a great
deal; and we will not cavil till we hear that those
concerned detect anything underhand or seriously
opposed to their interests. We would hope, on the
other hand, that Austrian rulers may find the effect
of this first
concession so pleasant that they will
seriously set to work to vie with Sardinia in what
renders her the admiration of all the oppressed of
Austria who can laced
sway. It would indpe e
bet ph beer
s to
seen aAt hu s
thria
bidding for popularity among her various peoples,
by outstepping Sardinia in the rage of freedom !

The seaworthiness of the Great Eastern has now
been proved incontestibly. Her enormous strength
has been demonstrated. Her speed is no longer

matterl Conjecture. With her engines •
y moderatelymere -worked she has made easily fifteen
on
knots an hour, careless alike of tide, wind, and
weather. Irl spite of that tremendous detonation
which shattered to atoms, in the twinkling of an
eye, the solid iron casing of one of the paddle
funnels, the funnel itself, several cabins, and the
ladies' saloon—the machinery was in no way put
out of order, and (as conclusive evidence of the
adamantine character of the whole structure) two
superb mirrors, embedded in substantial metal
bulkheads, of the ladies' saloon remained unflawed
in the midst of the ruins of that noble apartment
after an explosion that would have sunk the
largest line-of-battle ship ever yet launched. The
extraordinary solidity of the whole giant fabric of
the Great Eastern is, in point of fact, absolutely
proved beyond all further question by the preserva-
tion of those two mirrors in the ladies' saloon.
For had there been the slightest vibration in the
iron bulkhead, upon the surface of which they are
framed, or, so to speak, empannelled, they must
at the least have been cracked, if not (which is far
more probable) actually shivered into a thousand
splinters. There, however, unharmed and perfect,
those large mirrors reflected within them the splen-
did debris of the ladies' saloon, after the steam and
smoke and dust of the explosion had subsided.
Proof positive was thereby given of the matchless
strength and solidity of the whole colossal frame-
work of this leviathan of the deep. The confidence
previously placed in that strength and solidity has
been now, consequently, confirmed and justified.
The catastrophe which most unhappily occurred off
Dungeness, so far from militating against the repute
of the Great Eastern, tends very considerably and
directly towards the enhancement of it. No one
can hesitate to believe now in the perfect seaworthi-
ness of tt vessel that rides out an explosion like that
of Friday se'nnight scatheless and unharmed save
in the compartment in which the funnel casing
burst with the eruptive concussion of an artificial
volcano.

Now that these happy conclusions have been
arrived at in regard to an incident that first of
all appeared to be nothing less than an unmitigated
calamity—it remains to be seen what may most
judiciously be done by way of clearing up that
disaster, with a view to the prevention of any re-
currence of anything in any way similar to it, either
in the way of carelessness or in the way of experi-
mentalising. There cannot be a doubt that there
were three points in regard to which there was very
grievous culpability ; and through the com-
bination of the culpability in regard to which
we have had this most deplorable and really
appalling catastrophe. Those three points ought
to be thoroughly inquired into and laid bare—they
hardly require enumeration, they are so clearly ob-
vious—they are so perfectly self-evident.
First and foremost—it will be well to arrive at a
distinct understanding as to who was really the
cause of the adoption,. in regard to the paddle-fun-
nels, of that . experimental casing the generation
between which and the funnel itself transformed
one of those two paddle-funnels so encased into a
gigantic exaggeration of an Infernal Machine.
Somebody manifestly was peculiarly responsible for
..the adoption of a plan which was known to have
always hitherto failed—which was distinctly re-
jected as hazardous by Messrs. BOLTON and WATT,
the engineers entrusted with the construction of
the engines—and which, adopted by this Somebody
in spite of this warning rejection, has proved in the
end so fearfully destructive.
Secondly—who is responsible for those bungling
donkey•engines (engines for once aptly enough
designated) which failed so miserably within so
short a time after the Great Eastern had quitted
the waters of the Thames ? All those donkey-
engines were required to do, was to feed the casings
of the paddle-funnels with an adequate supply of
cold water to be thus pumped in at the top to be
gradually heated by the hot air, steam, and smoke
passing up through the funnels, and so to be run
off ready warmed in due proportion into the boilers
beneath them. As we all know now, one of these
two miserable donkey engines, after wheezing and
puffing very inefficiently, at length actually broke
down—leaving all the rest of the work to be done
by its hardly less efficient companion. Hence the
plan of heating the water gradually in the fun-
nel casings, to be thence passed duly warmed into
the paddle-boilers, had to be abandoned, the cold
water being pumped directly into both boilers by
the one donkey engine. Somebody here plainly
may be held responsible—the somebody who sup-
plied the said donkey engine.
Thirdly, and lastly—there was the stop-cock at
the top of that lamentable funnel-casing shut when
it ought to have been open. Who turned that cock,
shutting off the steam from the chance of escape ?
Somebody there, too, was responsible for the
stop-cock in question is proved, beyond a doubt, to
have been open (as it ought to have been all along)
on the Wednesday preceding the catastrophe.
Between the Wednesday, when it was last known
to have been open, and the Friday night, when it
was proved very dreadfully to have been shut—
proved by this astounding explosion, causing the
destruction of at least six lives and £5,000 worth
of property, by one instantaneous detonation—
Somebody (it is self-evident) must have tampered
with it, and—for some reason or another—have
shut up the steam, and so transformed the funnel-
case into a gigantic bombshell. It will be well, if
possible, to discover the real delinquents upon
whom rests this threefold responsibility.

DESPATCH OF TROOPS TO CHINA.

TO THE EDITOR OF THE SIIN.

4 SlR,—From your leader of this day, on the de-
spatch of troops to China, it would seem not to be
generally known that the river Peiho, and indeed
the whole gulf of Pee-chee-lee, are frozen hard in
the winter, so that even if our ships could get there
in time for the gun-boats to get up the river before
the cold weather sets in, they would almost inevit-
ably be frozen up, and any troops operating against
Pekin would be separated from its base of opera-
tions—the fleet. This was the reason why Lord
Gough refused to proceed against Pekin in the
winter; and he was perfectly right. It was then
decided to go up the Yellow River instead.
This time, however, we must go to Pekin, and
rely on it that cannot be done before May or June.
You seem to think that our Government will send
troops from India. No such thing—unless the pub-
lic voice compels them. Troops in India get double
pay, which could not well be curtailed if they were
sent to China. Besides this, it would take the pay
of 10,000 men from off the shoulders of the im-
poverished Indian Government, an i put it on those
of the British. Will Mr. Gladstone consent to
that ? Never unless compelled. Remember the
3,000 artillerymen.

Your obedient servant, ,
A VETERAN.

Sept. 16.

A ship of the line, to be called the Magenta,
which is to be steel-plated, and the largest vessel in the
Freneh navy, has been put upon the stocks at Brest. ,

Madame Clara Novello, whose spirited defence of
Mr. Sims Reeves at the Gloucester Festival last Wednes-
day elicited so much enthusiasm, will leave England for
Italy on Thursday next, the 22d inst. ; but previous to her
departure she has engaged to sing at a popular concert at
the Crystal Palace on Wednesday next, the 21st. As this
will be her last appearance in England for a considerable
time a large attendance may be expected, especially as the
advertisements announce that the admission will be the
same as on ordinary days—one shilling.
Miss AMY SEDGWICK.—On Monday evening
next, th,t3, 19th inst., this popular artiste will make her
reappearance at the 1-14-market Theatre, in the character
of Rosalind, in Shakespeare's comedy 91 " As you like it."

The Brussels Independance says that Lord Cowley
and M. Walewski have been commissioned to arrange the
bases of the co-operation between France and England in
prosecuting the Chinese war.
The New York papers by the packet yesterday
state that a positive announcement had been received from
Mr. Lever that he had chartered the Great Eastern, and
that she would sail from Galway to New York.

It is stated that several large creditors of Messrs.
Calvert and Co., the brewers, have formed themselves into
a committee for the purpose of ascertaining, if possible,
whether it will be for the interest of the general body of
claimants to take over the brewery property, as proposed
by the inspectors, and carry on the business as a limited
joint-stock company, or whether the depositors must sub-
mit to the heavy loss which is now threatened by a forced
sale of the assets.

ETON COLLEGE.—The election vacation at Eton
College, which began on the Ist ult., terminated on Wed-
nesday last, in the evening of which day•the return of the
boys commenced, the lower school being the first to arrive.
Yesterday the fifth form followed. Today is the day of
arrival of the sixth form, when the whole school will have
assembled. The number will be further increased, as more
boys have entered than those who left at the vacation,
when the largest number ever at Eton (803) formed the list.
A SAILOR'S FUNERAL.—The remains of James
Riley, the youth who was killed about ten days ago by fall-
ing from the yard arm of her Majesty's ship Donegal, lying
in the Mersey, and whose body was washed ashore at Wa-
terloo, were conveyed to St. James's Cemetery, Liverpool,
for burial yesterday. About 150 of the deceased's shipmates
beaded by Lieut. Buller, R.N., accompanied the remains
to their last resting place, and as the funeral procession
went through the principal streets of the town, it attracted
considerable attention from its novelty.

STATE OF TRADE.—MANCHESTER, Sept. 16.
The unfavourable commercial advices from Bombay and
the news of the disaster in China have continued to affect
our market adversely throughout the week, and only a very
limited business has been done. Lower prices have been
offered for twist in consequence of these advices, but with-
out being accepted, and with the exception of lid. per
piece less being taken for India shirtings there is no change
in quotations. The advices from Bombay were good, and
cloths suited to that market continue firm, manufacturers
having heavy orders yet to complete. Heavy domestics,
long, and T cloths, both for export and home trade, have
only been taken moderately. Printing cloths are out of
stock, with heavy contracts to complete, and are conse-
quently firm. For 36-inch shirtings there is less inquiry,
but makers are well engaged for the present. Yarns are
quiet, with but little business during the week either for
the home or export trade.

RIFLE CORPS, HORNSEY (MIDDLESEX).—At a
meeting held on Wednesday evening, at Crouch-end, Wm.
Bird, Esq., in the chair, the result of the canvass since the
public meeting in the village was communicated to the
members of this corps. Upwards of 30 effectives from
Crouch-end, Hornsey, Muswell-hill, Southgate, and Stam-
ford-hill, have been enrolled, and no doubt these districts will
furnish a full company of at least 60 to the strength of the
county. The members agree to subscribe 10 guineas, if
required, to a general fund, from which all expenses of out-
fit, rifle practice ground, drill, &c., will be paid. This fund,
aided by donations from the neighbourhood, amounts already
to upwards of £6OO. The annual subscription has been
fixed at two guineas for both effective and honorary mem-
bers, and produces already an annual income of more than.
£5OO. Contiguous to the Hornsey Station of the Great
Northern Railway, a most perfect natui al site, with a range
of more than 400 yards, has been pointed out by the officer
sent down by Government for that purpose, and the uni-
form will be the practical one approved by the lord-lieute-
nant for adoption in the county. The members decided to
commence the preliminary drill at once.

LANDSLIP.—An extraordinary slip of land has
recently taken place at Warden Point, on the north-east
end of the Isle of Sheppy, which has placed the ancient
church of that parish in great danger, as the east end of
the church is only 41 feet from the edge of the cliff. Per-
sons residing near the church state that for three or four
days previous to the slip taking place a noise was heard at
very short intervals like distant thunder. Several parts of
the land (pasture), with rows of large trees, hurdle-fences,
and hedges have dropped down, and the trees stand with the
hedges, hurdles, &c., pe-rfectly upright, as though they had
been moved by magic ; other trees are partially inclined to-
wards the sea, and others are quite reversed ; the immense
roots, the growth of many years, are turned upwards, but
not a single tree is buried by the soil. A landslip of less
magnitude took place about two years since, which together
with the present one acted on a space of more than 10 acres
of arable and pasture land, in consequence of which the
Coast- eward station at this place being considered unsafe has
rocentlybeen taken down. The land for some considerable
distance south-east of the church is still opening in large
chasms, varying from three inches to three feet, and in
depth from three to 30 feet. Great numbers of visitors have
been attracted to the spot, and the curiosity does not seem
at all to diminish.
EXPLOSION OF THE GREAT EASTERN.—The
phenomena connected with the condition of the sufferers
are curious, and offer another proof of the absence of pain
noticeable in cases of violent injury. The men looked be-
wildered at what had happened, they were able to walk up
on deck, and were unconscious of the fact that their skin
had been boiled by the steam. And they felt no pain
when the whole,skin of the arm and hand came off like an
old glove. The-cause of this may be found in the fact that
the nerves of sensation had been entirely destroyed, and
therefore, as far at least as the skin was concerned, they
were as incapable of suffering as a corpse would be. Never-
theless, the shock was too great, and the system too much
injured for recovery, and the unhappy men gradually,
and no doubt painlessly expired. Another instance of
serious injuries producing no sensation of pain was seen a
few weeks ago, when an excursion train on the North
Devon Railway ran off the line and o ,--erturned in a field,
the engineer was lying under the locomotive, with both his
legs horribly crushed, and there he lay ; and, calling for
pen and ink absolutely wrote a letter to his wife, telling her
of the accident, and informing her that he was not killed.
In fact, the nerves, having performed their office of giving
warning of injury, they are no longer required, and all
further pain is therefore rendered impossible.—Literary
Gazette..

A lad went to the parish minister to be examined
before his first communion. The minister, not wishing to
discourage the boy, led off with a safe question : " How
many commandments are there ?" After some little thought,
the lad cautiously. and suggestively answered, "May bo a
hunner." The minister, shocked at such intolerable igno-
catechumen. On returning
bound to the manse on the
same
compared. " Weel, what will ye
ay :
n ,
the o
boy bound
hoo moray commandments
homersance errand.odismissed
, i
ladiemet
ministereo this
ttNotes
a s n promisingNovtehreesr
pee
there are ?" " Say ! Why, I shall say ten, to be sure."
" Ten ! Try ye him wi' ten! I tried him wi' a hunner,
and he wasna satisfeed."
A laugble incident occurred the other day to
the handsome Miss N---, of London, whose sparkling
conversation and fine teeth are turning the heads of the
susceptible Frenchmen just now, " Send me some poudre
d' orris," said she to the demoiselle of one of the grand per-
fumery establishments. " Tres bein, mademoiselle." We
all know that orris root is very good for the teeth. The
hwohrroorisoaf all French frivolities
High Church-
about half an hour after at re-
ceiving, a packet of poudre de riz,
andr
'aedeceptions,n
secretrda ofni
rtcel
ofhc hett directed
tauaonsl
deadlyaPueelaudable
lady,ar
fipl daughter,ee
ale complexion of the Parisian
ladies so much in vogue among them. The arrival of Miss
N— and her explanation pacified the unhappy mamma,
who immediately imagined she had brought her child to
verge of an abyss in allowing her to remain a few weeks
Paris. The are de riz was soon exchanged for poudre
ditnh'oe 1 p
is, with waxy apologies on:the part of the demoiselle
of the shop.—Ladies' Newspaper.

- ONE WAY OF GETTING MARRIED.—An Occur-
rence took place in the superintendent registrar's office here,
a day or two since, of a somewhat singular and altogether
amusing kind. A happy couple, who had duly given the
necessary notice of their intention to be united in matri-
mony, had fixed the day and hour with the registrar
for the performance of the ceremony. The day, the
hour, and the intended bride arrived, but unaccom-
panied with her lover, and on the former being inter-
rogated as to the reason of the absence of the latter on
such an important occasion, she said that he was ill,
but as they were both, and she in particular, most desirous
that the ceremony should be performed without the delay of
a day, she had brought the ring with her, and expressed a
hope that the superintendent would, with the aid of that
article, do what was required to effect her happiness. Of
course such a request was received with the merriment it
deserved, and on the registrar explaining to the simple
woman that such duties were not, as yet, within his pro-
vince, and informing her that she must wait till a more
favourable opportunity, she sorrowfully but reluctantly
retired, muttering to herself that if that was law it ought
not to be.—Plywouth Journal.

A WEALTHY BEGGAR.—An elderly woman,
named Mothe, and a little girl, 11 years of age, both of
`whom bore the appearance of gipsies, were lately taken
before the Tribunal of Correctional Police at Paris on the
charge of mendieity. It was proved that the girl had gone
from house to house on the pretext of selling staylacos, but
really to beg, and had given what she received to the old
woman. It was also proved that the latter, on being
arrested, had in her possession not fewer than seven purses,
containing in all 967 f., and pawbrokers' tickets for 421 f.
She energetically asserted that she was no beggar, and that
she and the child had simply carried out the staylaces
which had been ordered of her daughter, who dealt in such
articles. In proof that she was not a mendicant, she
asserted that she possessed in the country a piece of land
which brought her in 40f. a year. "Explain," said the
President, " how you came to have so large a sum as 967 f.
on you." "0, sir it is my savings, and those of my son."
" And you always carry the money about with you ?"
"yes, for safety." "But how happens it that the money
was placed in seven purses ! " " Because when I had saved
up money enough to fill one purse, I .bought another."
The Tribunal acquitted the girl, but condemned the woman,
as a mendicant, to a month's imprisonment.
Madame Vestvalli made her debut last Wednes-
day, in " Romeo et Joliette.' Take the performance as a
whole, it was a good one ; and this artiste may consider
she has made a hit. The habitue's of the Grand Opera are
not so fastidious as those of the Italiens. Prince Napoleon
and the Princess Clotilde honoured the theatre on the night
of Madame Vestvali's debut. I had the good fortune to be
in the very next loge to that of her Imperial Highness, and
consequently had an excellent opportunity of scanning her.
She has what is very rare among French ladies—a beauti-
ful complexion ; and I honestly believe does not make use
of any of the preparations for the skin with which Paris is
filled. Her hair is light, rather inclined to be red ; but her
shoulders and neck are superb, and can vie successfully
with those of the Empress. She is decidedly not pretty,
having an overhanging brow, which makes her look
ill-
tempered. I observed Prince Napoleon carefully, and ani
happy to state that apart from having a pair of gloves
whose cleanliness might have shocked an English gentle-
man's delicate mind, he committed no other gaucherie—in
fact, crossing his arms on the velvet covered railing before
him, his Imperial Highness's attention seemed engrossed
during the whole evening by the perusal of the libretto of
the piece. Madame Miolan Carvalho has made her reit-
tree in " Faust." Useless would it be describing the con-
tinued plaudits which greeted this favourite singer, or the
quantities of bouquets, laurel wreaths, &c., &c., which
were thrown to her. I am sure that you will agree with
me in thinking that this sort of thing is pleasant enough
to witness, and must be exceedingly agreeable to the reci-
pient ; but to go into a lengthened description of it, for per-
sons who were not present, is rather insipid.—Lady s
.Arewsyver.

LATEST NEWS.

The following telegrams have been received at
Mr. Reuter's office :

FRANKFORT, SEPT. 16.

A meeting of friends of the reform of the Federal
constitution was held here to-day, at which 150
persons were present.

The following resolution was passed :
" Since the formation of a national party in Ger-
many for the purpose of promoting the unity and
liberal development of the great and common father-
land, the foundation of which has been laid at
Eisenach and Hanover, has become a reality, the
undersigned do hereby establish an association to be
located at Frankfort-on-the-Maine.

" The aim of this society shall be to labour for
the patriotic objects of this party with all available
lawful means ; and more especially to take upon
itself the moral task of making the people more
and more conscious of the aim and means of the
movement which is being promulgated throughout
the whole of our fatherland."

A committee of 12 has been charged with the
management of the association.

PARIS, SEPT. 16.

The Minister of the Interior has issued a circular
to the Prefects throughout France, stating that it is
not the intention of the Government to modify the
laws on the press, and requesting them to continue
to control the latitude allowed to the provincial

newspapers.
The King of the Belgians has arrived at Biarritz.

PARMA, SEPT. 16.

The National Assembly met to-day to hear the
reading of the answer given by the King of Saz-
dinia to the deputation sent to Turin. The Assem-
bly has unanimously voted for the contract of a
loan of 5,000,000 francs. A deputation has been
chosen to deliver an address from the Assembly to
the Emperor Napoleon. The deputation is com-
posed of the following members :—Signors Cantelli,
Torrigiani, Anguitolo, and Ranucci.
The Assembly has been prorogued, with the
power to be re-convoked by a decree of the Dictator
and President of the Assembly, or can at any time
be re-assembled at the request of twenty members.

The Paris correspondent of the Times (second
edition) says :
" Letters from Zurich, of yesterday's date, say
that the Plenipotentiaries had for the previous four
days completely suspended their proceedings, and
that they had not even had those tete-a-tete inter-
views which before had been of frequent occurrence.
This inaction was considered due to the note in the
Moniteur and to the mission of Prince Metternich.
Count Colloredo awaited fresh instructions from his
Government, which, it was supposed, could hardly
be sent until it was informed of the result of
Prince Metternich's interview with the Emperor
Napoleon. The Prince will be in Paris to-morrow,
and has taken Zurich in his way. Om his
arrival here he will confer with Count Walew-
ski, who will leave for Biarritz on Monday.
The Count's departure was announced as to have
taken place sooner, but he has been waiting for
Prince Metternich, and the Chinese affair has also
given him occupation. We are justified in sup-
posing that some progress will at last be made in
the tedious and complicated negotiations that have
sprung from the preliminaries of Villafranca. If
we may believe the report of the day, there is a
possibility of a settlement that should satisfy all
parties, and the general impression here seems to
be that the political horizon is likely soon to be
clearer than it for some time past has been. Great
curiosity will, of course, be felt to see what
ingenious combination has been found to content
both Austria and Italy—if, indeed, that end be
attained, which appears scarcely possible. It is
here confidently asserted, however, that the Austrian
Government is content; and letters from Turin, of
incontestable authority, confirm the statement al-
ready made, that the Government of Sardinia is
tranquil as to what is coming—the note in the
Moniteur having made little impression upon it,
because it had previously received satisfactory as-
surances from the Emperor Napoleon. Such is the
political situation of the moment, as far as it can
be ascertained. IR a very few days we ought to
know more. come persons here are sanguine that
such an arrangement and agreement are being come
to by the two Emperors as may do away with the
necessity of a European Congress."

FRANCE.

PARIS, FRIDAY.

The Emperor and the Empress reached the Villa
Eugenie at Biarritz on the day announced. On
reaching the railway station at Bayonne their Ma-
jesties were received by General Montenard, the
prefect of the department, and the mayor of the
department, and the mayor of the town ; and after
a few words addressed to those personages, their
Majesties entered an open carriage and proceeded
to the villa, amidst loud shouts of " Vive l'Empe-
reur !" " Vive l'lmperatrice" " Vivo le Prince Im-
perial !" from the numerous persons assembled
along the road to welcome them. At Biarritz
the reception was equally enthusiastic, and
.in
the evening the town was illuminated, and
there 'was a brilliant display of fireworks.
The following day the Emperor received M. de
Man zano, governor-general of the Basque provinces,
who had come to congratulate their Majesties in
the name of the Queen of Spain.
The King of the Belgians, on arriving at Bor-
deaux, as already stated, received immediately a
visit from the prefect, and afterwards took a drive
through the city in an open carriage. In the even-
ing the King went to the theatre and sat is the
prefect's box, where was also Mme. de Mentque,
the wife of the prefect, the general commanding the
department, the persons of the royal suite, and the
Belgian consul. On the following morning the King
left by special train for Biarritz, where he arrived
about three o'clock in the afternoon.

Count de Chasseloup-Laubat, Minister of Algeria,
arrived at Bayonne the day before yesterday, on
his way to Biarritz.
The Courrier de Bretagne of Lorient announces
that the Minister of Marine has commanded
200,000 bomb shells for the navy and 30,000 rifles
for the marines.

" The share which France will take in the expe-
dition against China," says the Independance of
Brussels, " will be very important. It is said that
a corps of from 10,000 to 12,000 men is to be sent
out, under General de Wimpffen. This general,
who now holds a command in the army of Lyons,
was in the war of Italy in command of the troops
which were destined to disembark on the coast of
Venetia. He has been summoned to Paris to re-
ceive instructions ; and Lord Cowley and M.
Walewski have been charged to discuss the bases
of the co-operation of France."
A Paris letter in the Independance of Brussels
says :

" Ferdinand IV., the new Grand Duke of Tus-
cany, has addressed to all the Sovereigns of Europe
a sort of memorandum in reply to that of the Tus-
can Government. This document is accompanied
by a letter announcing the abdication of Duke
Leopold and the accession of his son. Several
sovereigns have replied to this letter, and I am
told that the Cabinet of Vienna has within the last
few days received a note on the subject from Rus-
sia. The Journal de St. Petersbourg, in reference
to an assertion of a journal that M. de Balabine
read on the 21st ult. to Count de Recbberg a note
on the necessity of submitting to the sanction of
Europe the conditions of peace, declared that no
note on that question had been sent by Ru sia. The
assertion is exact; but the journal referred to took
for a note relative to the Congress the commuica-
tion mentioned."

BOURSE, Sept. 16.—The market has been more
buoyant. Threes, after having been done at 68f.
80c., advanced to 68f. 95c. Mobilier varied from

785 f. to 792 f. 50c.; Austrian, 535 f. to 537 f. 50c.;
Lombard, 542 f. 50c. to 545 f. ; Orleans, 1,372 f. 50c.
to 1,375 f.; Lyons, 872 f. 50c. to 875 f. ; Southern,
503 f. 75c. to 505 f. ; Northern, 920 f. to 922 f. 50c.
The following were the last quotations :

4 per Cents. .... 94 60 I Credit Foncier 670
Do. end month .. I Belgian 41 —
3 per Cent 5....... 68 90 Piedmontese (5)
Do. end month.... 68 95 Roman B5 50
Bank Shares
Credit Mobilier .. 795 Spanish Threes
Do. Account ..... 795 Home Debt 44125

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THE SUN.
SATURDAY, SEPTEMBER 17, 1859.