The Sun.
London, England, 1832-08-16 00:00:00

~.

This day was published, in 2 vols. Svo. with Plates,
FXCURSIONS IN INDIA.
By Capt. T. SKINNER, 31st Regiment.
" The pleasantest of pleasant tours"— Literary Oazette.
" Full of information, and abounding with living pictures of
living things."—Athenwurn.
" A more lively narrative than that of Captain Skinner it has
rarely been our lot to peruse."—Sun.
" Written in that gentlemanly spirit which - generally lends
a charm to the narrative of the British otticer."—Mornink Post.
Printed for Henry Co%urn and Richard Bentley, New
Burlington-street.

IMPERIAL PARLIAMENT,

HOUSE OF LORDS, Auausr
The Royal Assent was given by Commission to the
Speaker's Pension Bill, the Lord Chancellor's Bill, the
Exchequer Bills Bill, Roman Catholic Bequest Bill, the
Special Constables (Ireland) Bill, the Assessed Taxes
Composition Bill, and others. The Commissioners were,
the LORD CHANCELLOR, the Marquis of WELLESLEY,
and the Earl of SHAFTESBURY.
The Earl of ROSSLYN presented a petition from cer-
tain persons in the East Indies against the East India Jus-
tice of the Peace and Jury Bill.
The Party Processions and Forgery Bills were read a
third time and passed.
WEST INDIA COLONIES RELIEF BILL.
On the motion that this Bill be read a third time,
The Duke of WELLINGTON asked how long the al-
lowance was to be granted to the colonies ?
Lord GODERICH said for one year. With respect to
those colonies the municipal authority was in the hands of
the Crown, which liad made a variety of Orders in Council
not applicable to other colonies. These Orders in Council
certainly increased the cost of production in those colonies,
and it was therefore thought not unreasonable to ask Par-
liament to give them relief in this way—not for any dis-
tinct loss, but for the general disadvantage under which
they necessarily suffered.
The Duke of WELLINGTON said that, under such cir-
cumstances, the relief should continue as long as the
Orders in Council were enforced.
Lord GODERICH said, he could give no pledge be-
yond the present year. It might hereafter be proper to
take a snore general view of the subject, but that would be
for future consideration.
The Bill was then read a third time, and passed.
The Ea,t India Juries Bill and the Greek Convention
Bill were severally read a third time, and passed.
FINANCES OF THE COUNTRY.
On the motion for the passing of the Colonial Relief Bill,
The Duke of WELLINGTON said he was sorry that
his desire to make some observations upon the finance of
the country should have put the Noble Earl (Grey) to the
! inconvenience of coining down to the House ; but he felt,
when he reflected upon the situation which he bad lately
occupied in his Majesty's Councils, that it was his duty
not to suffer that Bill to pass without drawing the atten-
tion of their Lordships to the state of the finances of the
country. The Noble Duke here commenced speaking in
a tone of voice so low that it was almost impossible to
catch even the purport of his observations. As well as
we could follow him, we understood him to institute a
comparison between the revenues and the exi enditure of each
quarter of 1831 and 1832, and between the revenue and
expenditure of the year 1831, in order to show, in the
first place, that the Chancellor of the Exchequer had
made erroneous estimates of both ; and, secondly, to show,
that there had been a deficiency of upwards of 300,0001.
in the revenue of 1831, which the Chancellor of the Ex
chequer had not provided for in the late budget. The
Chancellor of the Exchequer had contemplated in his late
statement a surplus for 1822, of about 773,0001.; but,
in doing so, he made no allowance whatever for the defi-
ciency of previous years. He had sonic observations to
make with respect to the reductions which had been made
in the expenditure of the country. A comparison had been
made between the charges of the present and the previous
year, by which it would appear that there had been
a reduction in the naval expenditure of 260,000/. ; but
then votes had been omitted altogether, as in the case of
the 50,0001. for the Custom-house at Liverpool. There
had been, also, a miscalculation on the produce of the
wine duties. The consumption of the French wines had
been considerably reduced, while, owing to the reduction
of duty, there had been a larger consumption of other
wines than was contemplated. After some other obser-
vations, which were quite inaudible in the gallery, the
Noble Duke said that he did not think the statement made
by the Noble Chancellor of the Exchequer one upon which
the finance of the country ought to be allowed to rest.
With resnect the, istinctiewsbezh;eh had hPfgt ;nade,
Fur
instance, wee
militia,s tu.etm_
prt militia.4o..
similar
shat
atvchehe
at orsaabcyteienrtgr
‘av‘i,an,
sae
sd;
then
ss
at
invl
_ee

This day was published, price Six Shillings, No. XIX. of
THEFOREIGN QUARTERLY
REVIEW.

CONTENTS.—Art. I. Goethe's Works.--11. Geology
and Climatology of Asia.—lll. Free Trade.—lV. The
Byzantine Historians.—V. American Poetry..— VI.
Thierry's History of the Giuls.—Vll. The German
Ultra-Liberal Press.—Vlll. Douvilie's Travels in Central
Africa.—lX. Thorvaldseu the Sculptor.--X. American
Currency and Banking.—Xl. to XV. Critical Sketches of
German and French Books.—Miscellaneous Literary In-
telligenc- from France, Germany, Italy, Poland, Russia,
and of Works on Oriental Literature.--Sir Walter Scott's
Farewell to his Readers, and 11. de Lamattine's Reply.
—List of the principal New Works published on the
Continent from May to July inclusive.
Published by Treuttell and Wurtz, and Richter, 30,
Soho-square ; and Black, Young, and Young, 2, Tayis-
tock-street ; Treuttell and Wurtz, Paris and Strasburg :
and sold by H. Cadell and T. Clark, Edinburgh ; J. Cum-
ming, and Hodges and Smith, Dublin. Of whom may be
had the preceding Numbers of this interesting and popular
Journal; Nos. I. to X. price 7s. 6d. each; Nos. XI. to
XVIII. 6s. each.

No. XX. will be published in October.

FOR EDINBURGH.

THE Splendid New STEAM-SHIPS, the
ROYAL ADELAIDE, Captain MILLS, and
ROYAL WILLIAM, Captain CH A.PLIN, each 200 . horse
power, will start from St. Katharine Dock Steam-wharf,
near the Tower, as follow :
ROYAL ADELAIDE, on Saturday Evening, Aug. 18, atTen.
ROYAL WILLIAM, on Saturday Evening, Aug. 25, at Ten.
ROYAL A DELA IDE, on Wednesday Evening, Aug. 2, at Ten.
ROYAL WILLIAM, on Wednesday Evening, Sept. 5, at Ten.
These Vessels will be found of the very first class in
point of speed and accommodations, and are the only ones
that afford to passengers the advantage of embarking at
the commodious Steam-wharf, London, and landing in
the Harbour at Leith. Horses and carriages can thus
be shipped and landed with the greatest ease and safety.
Fares, including provisions, Chief Cabin, 41. 4s. ; Second
Cabin, 21. 10s. The accommodations in the Second Ca-
bins are very superior, with separate apartments for females.
Information obtained, berths secured, and goods re-
ceived for shipment, at Leith and Glasgow Wharf. Also,
by T. Robertson, 164, Strand ; H. Underwood, 56,
Hlymarket ; M. Sanderson, Boar and Castle Inn, Ox-
ford-street; Mr. Clarke, Old White Horse Cellar, Pic-
cadilly; and Me. Gilbert, Blossoms Inn, Lawrence-
lane, Cheapside, where light roods are received, and for-
warded to the Wharf till Five o'clock on the days of
starting. JOSEPH ADAMS, Agent,
Leith and Glasgow Wharf.

ing upon the freight and provision for the transport of
troops. It was only applicable to the present year. Then
came the saving on the purchase of timber for the navy.
Now, the magazines for the supply of the navy must be
kept up by an annual expenditure. If they curtailed this
annual expenditure one year, they would be compelled to
spend more at a future period, and not so advantageously
for the country, for it was indispensably necessary that
the timber ler the navy should be well seasoned, and
to purchase it when required would cost at least double
what it would do to keep a regular and constant sup-
ply. At all events, it was impossible to calculate
this saving as being more than temporary. There
was, however, another view of the subject. It was
the duty of Government always to look further
than the year current. They should look to what
might happen hereafter. Would any one say that the
King's Government was left as it ought to be, with the de-
ficiency of the former year unprovided fur, and the pros-
pect before them of a Reformed Parliament, composed no-
body could say how or of whom ? This, however, was
not the only circumstance to be considered. The very first
effort the country might be called on to make, it would
be found that the Government, and the country also, was
encircled with the greatest difficulties. Let them look to
Ireland and to the colonies, and also to the Peninsula.
There was scarcely a point in which it was not possible
that his Majesty might be called upon to make an exertion
which would cause an immediate call upon the finances of
the country. lie could not help expressing his feelings
that the state of the country as regarded its foreign
policy required the serious attention of the
l Govern-
rent, surrounded as that policy was with difficulty and
azard. It was not his intention to say any thing
ntwohi
was right
e,
rr
gedh
Governments
ti
nat
ot dp
e his
n mightownit .
th eI
ie.present
Nv opinion,entertainas.
fwhich could lead to an angry debate ; and while, there-
111i-
s
the bestlinidgeatothaadtmiitt
forward • Portugal.which
believewtahsa
that
policyWereoing
fo misledr thisi t
countryh e tro p n itoon sp,
pursue
e thatw atsh
thate thoughtof
en-
couraging the revolution in Portugal. He would ask
them, however, to contemplate for one moment what had
passed there. Don Pedro, with all his force, had made no
progress there in the course of a w InAc
bear.) In the course of that period—he would not say no
egiment—no great portion either of the soldiery or of the
wc:oeitlnhintelvgsahttlonwe
silt
people—but not a man had joined, and his rule extended
no further than the town which his military force first
placed him in possession of.—(Hear.) The present Go-
verntnent of this country might feel that Don Miguel was
a usurper, and might have imagined that the people of that
country had a desire to get rid of him; but seeing now
how things really stand, the military events being, he ad-
mitted, iu his favour, and Don Pedro not being able to
advance from Oporto, be thought it would he wise policy
for the Government to put an end to the: contest. It was
obvious that the invader could not succeed except by
military means. He had as good a commander under him
as any whom he (the Duke of Wellington) knew of, and
he had a host of military adventurers from all parts of
Europe. So that, as it would now appear, if he succeeded
at all it must be by means of these adventurers, and con-
trary to the wishes of the inhabitants. He concluded
from this state of things that if this invasion should suc-
ceed, nothing could be hoped or expected but a continu-
ance of war in that unhappy country, which would spread
itself to Spain, and thence to' other countries. Ile could
not look at the state of things going on there, and the
prospects resultingfrorn them particularly to this country,
without deprecating it in every point of view, and en-
treating
Government to put an end to the contest there
as soon as possible. lie called upon them to do so
with a view to the effect of such a result as he
anticipated upon the resources of this country. He
could not help adverting to the position in which the
British fleet in that part of the world now stood.
lie had mentioned that our fleet had been sent to
Portugal, mainly to give protection to his Majesty's sub-
jects there ; and upon • all former occasions on which
this country had been placed in a similar position it had
been usual to adopt measures to enable his Majesty's sub-
jects to quit the country, which was likely to become the
seat of war, or if they chose to remain, to inform them that
they must incur all the risks which a war might
subject them to.—(Hear, hear.) It did not appear that
this had been very closely attended to in Portugal.
No doubt at the head of the fleet there was an Ad
miral meriting most unbounded confidence, and very likely
he would do all that one situated as he is ought to be

LONDON, THURSDAY EVENING, AUGU►ST 16, 1832

expected to do ; and, if any improper invasion was made,
he was bound to give protection by an act of hostility.
Further, he had heard the other day, among other things,
that Lisbon was at this moment in a state of blocksde,
and in a state of blockade by our own fleet. Was this
an immaterial circumstance.? It was one calling for
the most anxious and attentive consideration.—(Hear.)
The course taken by his Majesty's Government was not
conducive to the maintenance of that neutrality which we
ought to maintain. Some Noble Lords might think that,
in touching upon the question of Portugal, he bad wandered
from the subject of the finances of the country ; but
when it was recollected that we were exposed to the
great hazard of being called upon to make extraordinary
exertions in that country and other parts of Europe, and
that our regources would by the state of our finances be
improperly crippled, he trusted the House would ex-
cuse him for having so long trespassed upon its attention.
Earl GREY said that such a motion as that of which
the Noble Duke had given notice was at this, almost the
last hour of the Session, somewhat inconvenient, as
he had put by the materials which be had collected,
in anticipation of a discussion upon the finances of the
country being raised some time back. If he were taken
rather by surprise on the subject of which the Noble Duke
had given notice, how much more must he be surprised at
his having gone into a discussion on the policy of Govern-
ment with respect to Portugal. The Noble Duke might
certainly connect the finances of the country with the
question of our policy in Portugal in the way he bad
done, but not being aware of hie intention, lie was more
unprepared to answer his observations than he otherwise
should have been. Before, however, he sat down, be
trusted that lie should be able to satisfy the Noble Duke
upon most points he had raised. He (Earl Grey) cer-
tainly must admit that the calculations he had made last
year, founded upon the then prospects of the revenue,
had been disappointed, but it was but just that it should
he acknowledged that the disappointment of his Majesty's
Ministers had chiefly arisen from their having been defeated
in their attempts to substitute other taxes for those which
they repealed. The deficiency having arisen, the Noble
Duke now seemed to complain that it had not been
provided for by the imposition of additional taxes, but his
Majesty's Government had thought that under all the cir-
cumstances of the case they best discharged their duty to
their country by endeavouring to meet it by a re-
duction of expenditure, and, accordingly, the expendi-
ture had been reduced to the amount of two millions,
which left the expenditure of the year 45,666,0001. To
meet this we had a revenue of 46,470,0001., leaving a
surplus upon the year of upwards of 800,0001. This
was to be deducted from a deficiency of 1,240,0001., which
existed on the sth April 1832, so that the deficiency upon
the two years ending the sth April, 1833, would only be
376,4161. This deficiency could only be met in one of two
ways, either by imposing new taxes, or by a gradual im-
provement in the revenue of the country. Now his Noble
Friend, the Chancellor of the Exchequer, had concealed no-
thing of the state of our finances, and it had been acknow-
ledged by those who strictly canvassed his measures in the
other House of Parliament that he had not overated our
resources, and that more income might be expected than
he had calculated upon, He would give an instance
of his Noble Friend's moderation. He lied not taken
credit of any receipts on account of col, duties. He
(Earl Grey) rejoiced in the prospect of the abundant harvest
which was now presented to them, but he did not
think there would be no corn at ail imported, so that
under that head there would be some revenue, though his
Noble Friend had taken credit fin- none.—( Hear.) But
se
ov
uscuhpnip oosingtherecomfort were
nngzittl
et hpaetowp
people,
andl d hes
ot
ihe nc
rceaasu seed oaf

consumption of other taxable articles, that the revenue would
be still increased. In making this estimate his Noble
Friend could not be accused of erring. Supposing- it
should turn out that he was wrong in that calculation--
on the sanguine sidr, and thus making the revenue appear
larger than it mould otherwise be—from the improvement
which had tat.e.n place in the revenue, he thought that by
the end of the year nearly the whole of the present defi-
ja;,erevenu:
zu..14de,,, He had the
from particular .-i,4oomstancd, to which he would advert
presently, vacs diwir,sheu, and 3-ded.,antir.-ae- to .litninish.
He had in his hand to account of the revenue of the last
two years, from %critic., it appeared that the decrease was
considerable in the lastyear compared with the former
amount of the revenue was
48,573,0191. and the ret,nue of 1832 was 46,189,5741.
period. In 1831 the
being a decrease of 2,383,15/. Now, by the last half
year's account, ending sth ,f July, 1832, the state of
the revenue was 21,084,8561, and for the half year end-
ing July 5, 1831, the revenue was 21,188,9291., so that
there was only a difference between these two periods of
104,0731., whilst the difference between the whole year
amounted to the sum he had stated—viz. 2,383,4751. He
therefore did feel justified in what he bad asserted as to
the improvement in the revenue, and he looked with con-
fidence to that view being realised. He thought that their
Lordships would ago concur with him in that opinion.
He did not take thit gloomy view of the state of the
country which many persons did. He believed that the
country had means it it, which would overcome all the
difficulties which Lac been pressing upon it ; hut, at the
saute time, if the defeiency of the revenue should continue,
it would be their Lordships' duty to provide for it. Their
Lordships were wel aware that, within the last three
years,---and that pernd embraced a portion of the adminis-
tration of the Noble Duke,—a large yearly deduction in
taxes had been made. Deduction in taxation to the
extent of 1,78000/. had been carried into execution.
which had furnisled relief to the country. Under these
circumstances he really could not take the desponding
view which the ifable Duke took, that the country would
be prevented fron making that exertion which the inte-
rests of the country required. It would be borne in mind,
and to this lie hal already adverted, that the dreadful ma-
lady which had prevailed had a considerable effect upon
commerce and trade. The disturbed state of Europe had

..... _
likewise bad a prejudical influence upon trade; even in
England we hid not been exempt from the conse-
quences of agitation.—(Hear, hear, hear.) He was
fully aware that from the procrastinated discus.
sions which had taken place on the Reform Bill, from
the very long time which had elapsed before it passed
after its introduction to the other House of Parliament,
there was a feeling in the country which produced a de-
gree of' stagnation in trade. In the three great heads of
expenuiture--vaz., army, navy, aria ordnance departments,
considerable reductions had been made. The expense of

the army for 1831 was 7,551,0241., that of the present
year the estimate was 7,087,6821., being a decrease of
463,342/. The Noble Duke had stated that in some of the
estimates of the present year the saving would only be
temporary, for another year it would not be effected ; and
had, as a proof of this, alluded to the saving by not train-
ing the militia during this year, and had observed that in
the reliefs of regiments on colonial service, no such saving
another year would be effected. He (Earl Grey) was nut
aware that any material difference would exist in reference
to these two objections next year from what affected the
present. He hoped that the training of the militia would
next year not be necessary equally with this; and he be-
lieved that the expenses of relieving troops on foreign sta-
tions would be nearly the same as the estimate of this year.
For the navy the estimate of 1831 was 5,842,8314., and
for 1832 it was 4,848,635/. This made a saving of
994,200/. in favour of this year's esimate. The Noble
Duke had made some observations with respect to the
coast blockade, and he (Earl Grey) regretted that he was
not able to give an answer on that subject, as he was not
at that moment in possession of papers relating thereto.
With respect to stores, he bad no hesitation in stating that
there was a considerable increase of all these in the dock.
yards since last year. In tho ordnance department, taking
the two years of 1831 and 1832, and compering them as he
had done the army and navy, a saving of 54,2561. was
eff-cted. The whole reduction on these three great
branches of public service for the year amounted to no
less a sum than 1,511,7981. This proved that his Ma-
jesty's Ministers had not been unmindful of lessening the
burdens of the people by diminishing the expenditure of
the country. This diminution of 463,312/. in the ex-
pense of the army was effected, even although there had
been an increase in the army of 7,000 men since the Noble
Duke had quitted office. In the miscellaneous estimates
there was a reduction of 931,000/. made since 1831 ;
thus makkg the whole reduction of the year upwards of
2,00,000/. In public offices also considerable reductions
had been made in addition to those made by the Noble
Duke in the course of his Administration. In pensions
also there would be an ultimate saving of 60,0001. a year,
from arrangements made affecting that branch of expen-
diture, This year a saving of 2,0001. bad been Amin-