The Sun.
London, England, 1859-11-23 00:00:00

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At the Ro-yal Observatory, Greenwici„Kip man
height of the barometer in the week was 30.150
inch. The mean daily reading was above 30 in.
throughout the week, the same remark having been
applicable also to the last four days of the previous
week. The barometer fell from 30.27 in. one Sun-
day to 30.05 in. on Thursday, being respectively
the highest and lowest in the week. The mean
temperature of the air in the week was 37.6 deg.,
which is 5.1 below the average of the same week in
43 years. The mean daily temperature was below
the average on every day, and on Monday and
Tuesday this depression was inure than 9 deg. The
thermometer in the shade fell to 25.5 deg. on Mon-
day, the lowest point in the week ; and it rose to
49 deg. on Saturday, the highest. The range in the
week was therefore 23.5 deg. The mean daily
range was 15 9 deg. The difference between the
mean dew-point temperature and air temperature
was 2 9 deg. The mean dEgree of humidity of the
air was 89 ; on Tuesday the humidity reached 100,
the point which represents contplete Saturation.
The mean temperature of the water of the Thames
was 44.8 deg. There were fogs more or less dense
on Monday and Tuesday ; and on these days the
air was mostly calm, and the temperature of the
Thames was about 45 deg., which was higher than
the highest temperature of the air, and 19 deg.
above the lowest. The wind blew from the S.E. OR
Sunday, in the middle of the week from N.N.E.,
and on the last two days from the S.W. No rain
was measurtd in the week.

PRICE 4D. STAMPED, SD.

I will see that he makes the strongest possiWe assertion of
the absolute validity of the title of Austria to the pm:ses-
sion of those provinces which had been secured to her by
treaty—and who must be considered as an undeniable wit-
ness On this side of the question. (Mr. Griffith read Lord
Patluierston's speech, with which the British public cannot
be too familiar, in confirmation of the same.) That speech
of February 3d, with Lord John Russell's endorsement of
its every word, was important, said Mr. Griffith, to keep
in mind, because an undue leaning towards Austria had
been most unjustly and untruly imputed to Lord Mal-
mesbury in this negotiation and controversy. (Hear,
hear.)
Mr. Griffith then went into an elaborate defence
of the late Foreign Minister's conduct, and quoted
from his despatches °flan. Ist, 10th (to Lord Cow-
ley), Jan. 12th (to Sir J. Hudson), Jan. 12th (to
Lord A. Loftus), Jan. 13th (to Sir J. Hudson), Jan.
20th, Feb. -ith, 23d, and March 19th, and otheri,
down to April 23d; adding—
Now I ask of any impartial person whether it was pos-
sible for any Minister to have more strongly protested
against Austria than Lord Malmesbury in this correspond-
ence ?—and whether anything but thitt inveterate spirit of
party that can see only with ono set of spectacles, and sys-
tematically denies the possibility of any merit beyond the
limits of its own clique, would ever have thought of imput-
ing. to the late patrioti3 and thoroughly English Foreign
Minister an undue leaning to Austria on this subject. (No,
no, and cheers.)

RAILWAY INTELLIGE VC.B.

Mr. Griffith next referred to his own question to
the Secretary of State on the 22d July, in reference
to the deposed Dukes of Central Italy; to which
-early and timely act—compelling an avowal and
public pledge—he felt warranted in attributing, in
some .degree, the fortunate engagement for the
liberty of the' new nationalities, to abstain, what-
ever the event, from a forcible restitution to those
oppressive rulers of their crowns.
Mr. Griffith then traced the narrative of his re-
cent
.journey beyond. the. Alps, which included many
recent events with which our readers are familiar,
and of which the hon. gentleman was an eye-wit-
ness. Interesting personal reminiscences, and tra-
velling incidents. :not a few, both , laughable and
serious, formed this part of his address—decidedly
the most relished by the juvenile and female part
of the audience. The hon. gentleman next dwelt
upon the question of the future of Italy, and was

NEWCASTLE-ON-TYNE AND DERWENT

VALLEY.
The 'necessary Parliamentary notices have been
issued of an intention to apply for an act to make
an independent line of railway from the Stockton
and Darlington Railway, near the Consett Iron-
works by the way of the Vale of Derwent, to the
Newcastle and Carlisle Railway at Scotswood•on-
the-Tyne. The promoters of the, line also seek
powers to enter into working arrangements with
the Newcastle and Carlisle Railway Company to
run into their station at Newcastle, and also with
the Stockton and-Darlington Railway Company to"
run over their line. If this rail Way were made, it
would open out the Stockton and Darlington sys-
teit to Newcastle and the Tyne by a line of rails
independent of the North-Eastern Railway.

SACRISTON JUNCTION. AND SOUTH
SHIELDS.
Application will be made to Parliament in the
next session for leave to bring in a bill to incor-
porate a company, and to enable .the company to
make and maintain 'a railway from the Sacriston
and Waldridge Colliery Railways to South
Shields, and a branch from the Crag-head Colliery
Railway to join the main line at Pelton ; arta-
also for powers to put doWn- coal-drops in the
River Tyne, in Shields' harbour; and make sea
docks fa the TrOw Rocks 'and 'Frenchman's Bay,
on the Durham coast, a little to the south of
the Tyne. The object of this project is to secure
extensive shipping places for the Durham coal,
either in Shields harbour, or else, by extensive sea
docks, find an outlet immediately to sea for the coal
trade Without entering any of the ports.

particularly severe on the preposterous scheme of a
federation under the Pope—which he treated as
morally, religiously, and physically, a simple im-
possibility in this 19th century, and fit only for the
nursery, or the brain of a hooded monk of, at least,
three centuries back.
Priestly rule in Bologna and Ravenna was detested, and
had had its day. He was one who advocated the 'complete
independence of the States' of Central Italy; which con-
stitutionally governed would then take their place among
the best regulated and most enlightened powers of Europe.
(Loud cheers.) As for the part of this country, con-
tinued Mr. G.—the part we are called on to take—the
question is now very easily answered—our course is quite
clear. We have never pretended that we would or could
effectually aid Italian liberty by force of arms, and we have
doubted whether calling in the aid of a powerful neighbour
was certain to contribute to the freedom of Italy. It
would be our business, therefore, to maintain the neutra-
lity we have proclaimed—but the voice of a free people
would not on that account be silenced—we should- pro-
test against and deprecate by every means of pub-
licity at our disposal—by the press, by public opinion,
and by discussion in Parliament—against any atro-
city such as that of quietly putting down tho rising
liberties of Central Italy; and if such a crime, to which the
partition of Poland was scarcely equal, was to be perpe-
trated, we should wash our hands of it in the face of Europe,
certain that iniquities such as this are sure to find their
adequate retribution in the appointed order of Providence,
against the Potentate or the Dynasty who can be so ill-
advised as to attempt them. .(Applause.)
Of course, under such circumstances, any idea of Eug-
land's taking part in any Congress for a purpose like this,
would be wholly inadmissible ; no English Minister could
stand for a moment before the indignation of the people and
the Parliament who should give the countenance of
England to such a suppression of the liberties of Italy ;
or who should subject. England to the indignity of
merely entering a congress to register the foregone con-
clusion of another power. But go further than this,
and I tell you and I tell the public that the people
and the statesmen of Central Italy deprecate any con-
gress at all, as far as relates to her concerns. They are
now in practical possession of their liberties, and all
they ask is to be let alone. (Hear, hear.) A congress
would only make a fresh arbitrary disposal of the people,
after the fashion of that of Vienna, which has been so un-
satisractory iu its results, and which has been so often vio-
lated. It would be called on to give fresh guarantees to
Venice in the hands of Austria, and of the territory of the
Pope ; and as the Italians are net disposed to consider
either of these permanent and irrevocable, they deprecate
any fresh arbitrary and paper guarantees which the feeling
of the pountry would never ratify. And on every view of
the subject, both as regards the interest of Italy and our
dwn- dignity, there can be no doubt at all that the strong
opinion expressed and maintained in the House of Commons
is the-right one; not to take part in any congress on such
a subject as this, which would only involve us in dissen-
sion, alienation, and perhaps hostility, withgether Fowers,
and would in all probability tend to obscure and diminish

SCINDE.
By the last Mail we learn that a considerable
portion of the Scinde Railway is completed, and
that several hundreds of the inhabitar.ts of Kurra-
chee had accompanied Sir Bartle Frere at a rapid
pace along the line to witness his taking part in a
ceremonial, with the view to identify his name,
previous to his departure for Calcutta, with the
chief engineering work of an undertaking in which
he has taken so great an interest.. The local autho-
rities express much satisfaction with the position
and prospects of the railway. The last Delhi
Gazette states that the earthwork of the railway
between Lahore and. Umritsur is completed, and
ready for permanent way, of which a large quan-
tity had arrived at Ferozepore. Plans for the sta-
tions at both places are now before Government. It
is expected that an engine will run within the next
12 months between the termini. This would be less
than 20 months from turoing the first sod. The
local authorities commend the Punjab Railway
officials to the consideration of Government for so
rapidly advancing these works, and aiding the
promotion of railway enterprise in India by prov-
ing that delay is not inseparable from the guarantee
system, under which, up to this time, all railways
in India are being constructed.

LYNN AND HUNSTANTON'.
Application will be made to Parliament to sanc-
tion a line from Lynn to Hunstanton.

EAST SUFFOLK.

It is expected that the branch of this system from
Leiston to Aldeburgh will be shortly opened to the
public.

that moral influence which, separately exerted, by means
Of the ordinary channels of information open to all the

world, will always possess the effect due to the impartiality
and -disinterestedness with which alone wo regard this
question—a question affecting the happiness of millions of
our fellow-creatures ; of those millions who, acting in the
spirit of Byreffs " hereditary bondsmen," and who hav-
ing effected .a complete union of interests of hands and of
hearts, throUghout those banded provinces of Central Italy,
much like that which cements the Kingdoms of England,
Scotland;and Ireland, of this favoured land—appeal with
confidence to the spirit of our own motto of " Quis sepa
rabit"—and closing their ranks with the firm vigour of pa-
triotic determination, adopt and bear aloft the stern resolve
of another of our mottos—" Nemo me impune lacessit."
(Prolonged cheers.)

ILFORD, ONGAR, AND DUNMOW.
Application will be made to Parlidnent next
session for powers to establish railway communica-
tion from Ilford through the Rodings to Dunmow.

BELFAST AND BALLYMENA.
The half-yearly report, to be submitted to the
shareholders on Friday next, shows that the total
receipts for the six months ended on the 31st of
October last were £32,352 13s. 9d. The balance
remaining at the credit of the revenue account,
after providing for working expenses and interest
on loans, is £16,223 19s. 11d., cut of which the
directors recommend a dividend at the rate of 4 per
cent. per annum, which will absorb £12,200; to be
appropriated to the reserve fund, £3,192 4s. id. ;
and the remaining sum of £B4l 15s. 10d. to be car-
ried to the credit of next half-year.

HEALTH OF LONDON DUPING THE

WEEK.

ht en
mt the
i ip ste
aarnuodrret continued
t the
the
e.R air,ei Registrar-General.)
whichirn- during
:I e
commencedr adl
a. )y s, h a s
o n At
hlao(w9Ftro
caused the deaths in London to rise from 1,051, the
number returned in the previous week to 1,233,
the number shown in the return of last week. In
the ten years 1849.58 the average number of deaths
in the weeks corresponding with last week was
1,114 ; but as the deaths contained in the present
return occurred in a population which has in-
creased, they should be compared with the average
raised in proportion to the increase, namely, with
1,225. It will be seen from this statement, that
the actual mortality agrees very closely with the
result obtained from calculation.
The cold and fogs of last week attacked the re-
spiratory organs, and the deaths from diseases
which affect them, not including phthisis, have
risen from 179 to 233. In the last four weeks the
deaths from bronchitis have been 58, 90, 102,
and 138. Pneumonia or inflammation of the lungs,
the deaths referred to which head are chiefly those
of children, has apparently not been fatally aggra-
vated by the weather, for the numbers assigned to
it in the last three weeks were 73, 60, and 64.
Phthisis or consumption rose from 132 in the pre-
vious week to 157 last week. That persons of ad-
vanced age have lately suffered much appears from
the fact that eight nonagenarians are returned, four
of whom when they died were aged respectively 94,
9.5, 96, and 97 years. Two children, twins, in one
family, and two children also twins in another died,
having been born prematurely ; and three children
of a carpenter's labourer, being triplets, died of in-
anition in Winchester-court, Pentonville.

Seven persons committed suicide, among whom
was a girl, aged 17 years, who killed herself with
prussic acid. Three widows died from " febris" in
the workhouse, Mile-end New Town. Five children
died of measles in the sub-district of St. John, Wbst-
minster. Scarlatina was fatal in 96 cases, diphthe-
ria in 9 ; of the former 4 occurred in All Souls,
Marylebone, 4 in Kentish-town, 5 in Islington
West, sin St. Giles South. Small-pox was fatal
in 29 cases, 6 of which occurred in the Small-pox
Hospital. All the victims of this disease were chil-
dren under 10 years of age, except 6, who had at-
tained the age of 20 or upwards.
Dr. Thomson, the Medical Officer of Health for
Marylebone, makes the following observations on
small-pox in St. John's-wood :—Nine casesof small-
pox have come raider treatment at the Portland-
town Free Dispensary, St. John's-wood, within as
many days. I am indebted for the facts to the
attention of William Orange, Esq., resident medi-
cal officer. The first, a semi-confluent case, was a
child without any visible cicatrix, in St. John's-
wood-terrace, the family having come from High-
gate a few days previously, where the disease
prevailed. Her aunt, at No. 8, Victoria-
terrace, likewise without any visible cicatrix,
caught the disease; the eruttion was very full.'
In two children with good scars, at 27, New-
street, the eruption appeared very mildly. Another
case occurred at 8, Upper William-street, with
scarcely any scar ; the mother stated the girl to
have been vaccinated, but added, she had no faith
at all in vaccination.' Three children at 6, Henry-
place, who had been p: otected by vaccination, had
the disease very mildly. The last case was that of
a gill at 28, Victoria-terrace, with two good scars,
and who had been playing with some of the in-
fected children ; the eruption is moderately full.'
Hitherto there has been no fatality in these cases."
Of bricklayers 5 died in the week, of bricklayers'
wives 5, of bricklayers' children 5 ; of carpenters 9
died, of carpenters.' wives 6, of carpenters' children
22 ; of masons 2 died, of masons' wives 2, of masons'
children 3; of painters 4 died, of painters' wives 3,
of painters' children 13 ; of plasterers 2 died, of
plasterers' wives 2, of plasterers' children 2.
Last week the births of 958 boys and 902 girls,
in all 1,860 children, were registered in London.