The Sun.
London, England, 1866-05-02 00:00:00

The New World—Emigration.

The Foreign emigration to the port of New
York for the year 1865 amounted to 196,352, and
was greater than for any year since 1854, when it
reached 319,223, the largest number of emigrants
that ever before landed in a single year in that
great depot of foreign immigration. But the
prospect now is that the emigration of the present
will greatly outstrip that of the past or any former
year. Up to the present period it has more than
doubled that of last year, as will be seen by the
following table, showing the arrivals for the first
quarter of the present year as compared with the
same period of 1865 :

Port of Embarkation 1865 1866
Liverpool
London 358 1,181
Glasgow ...• 427 1,562
Havre .. 394 1186
Bremen 2,028 5,653
Hamburg 1,043 4,371
Antwerp .... 192
Genoa

Total

The immigration into New York, it will be seen,
for the past three months, shows an increase of
17,717 on the number reported for the correspond-
ing period last year, being an increase up to this
date of 140 per cent. on the immigration of last
year, and showing that, if the stream of immigra-
tion should continue to flow at the same rate for the
remainder of the year, the total number of
foreigners abandoning Europe and making
America their home would amount, in 1866, to
about five hundred thousand souls. The indica-
tions now are all strong that this stream will not
only continue to flow, but in increasing volume
and, except some untoward event should occur,
suddenly to check this wonderful movement, we
may expect that at least half a million human beings
will seek refuge from the old world in the new
during the present year.
A singular combination of circumstances in
Europe have occurred to render this great migra-
tion very probable. Just on the close of the civil
war, when the wisdom and strength of the Ame-
rican Government hai been effectually vindicated
to the world, and the mighty resources of the
country had been exhibited in a manner to attract
the admiration of mankind, in the great struggle
for the suppression of the rebellion, we find an un-
usual restlessness pervading the people of Europe,
and an unwonted anxiety to leave their native soil.
In the countries of Northern Europe, Sweden,
Denmark, and Norway, the people have of late
not only learned the value of emigration, but the
facility of emigrating ; and, consequently, a great
increase has, within the last year or two, taken
place in the emigration of those most desirable
people. Some thousands of them were last year
sent over under the care of the American Emigrant
Company, and so successful has been the effort, it
is expected that this year the number will be at
least doubled. The political uncertainty that at
present prevails in Europe, and the uniform suc-
cess which attends the German emigrant in Ame-
rica, combine to give an unusual stimulus to emi-
gration from Germany, and all reports coincide in
representing that it is likely to assume dimensions
of extraordinary magnitude. Our advices from our
German agents and correspondents convey the im-
pression that the movement of these industrious
people to the United States will only be checked by
the insufficiency of ships to carry them.
The question naturally suggests itself, What will
be the effect of this great addition to the industrial
energy of such a country as America ? Can it be
absorbed without causing an unhealthy coapeti-
tion among the working classes, and unduly depress-
ing wages ? It was very generally expected that
a period of great industrial depression would suc-
ceed at once to what was called the feverish activity
of the war; that multitudes of men would be un-
employed and wages greatly reduced, and that the
foreign labourers going to the country this year
would be surplus ; but the facts have proved very
different. Notwithstanding that nearly a million
of soldiers have returned from the pursuits of war
to the productive occupations of peace ; that foreign
emigration is flowing in to the country more rapid
than it ever did before ; that the currency has ap-
preciated to a point within 27 per cent. of par, and
that the cost of living has so sensibly diminished ;
still, in despite of all expectations and calculations
to the contrary, wages continuencarly, if not quite,
as high as ever, and the demand for labour continues
undiminished.

This fact of industrial activity, following so close
upon the termination of an " exhausting war," may
well excite the astonishment of European critics, who
but little more than a year ago regarded the ruin of
America, commercial as well as political, complete;
but it is easily accounted for. The vivifying
effects of the rapid circulation caused by the home
market for American productions, incident to the
war, are manifest in the progress and prosperity
both of the manufacturing and agricultural classes,
and while the national indebtedness has grown to
so large a sum, individual indebtedness has di-
minished to a point lower than it has ever reached
before, and the country stands to day in a position
more favourable than she ever stood for the develop-
ment of her resources and the profitable employ-
ment of labour. Not alone does the mighty West,
stretching far off to the golden shores of the Pacific,
embracing such treasures of the mine and of the
soil as the world holds nowhere else, invite the
labour of the emigrant with the certainty of a gene-
rous return ; but the emancipated South, with its
varied and fruitful resources, opens an entirely new
field for his activity in a land of untold capacity,
from which he has heretofore been excluded.
While thus the West and South stretch out their
arms and woo the toiling millions of Europe to
their bosom, the well-established manufactures of
the Eastern and Middle States give assurance of
almost unlimited employment to artisans of every
craft that go to seek it.

The area open to the labour of the emigrant has
thus been immensely enlarged, and a field capable of
employing the energies of many millions thrown
open to foreign workmen. But this is not all—
we must not forget the melancholy fact, that at least
twelve hundred thousand productive workers (North
and South) were killed or rendered helpless in the
war--a mighty vacuum of labour—which would
take six years of such emigration as is expected this
year to fill.

MACKEREL—On Sunday last the fishermen at
Portland, Dorset, made their first catch of mackerel this
season, and notwithstanding the present boisterous and
winterly weather, they anticipate a good fish season to
follow. The fish caught were very fine at this early period
of the year.

[ADVERTItSEMENT.]—Consumption, and all nervous, bilious
stomach, and liver complaints, in every stage, are only ag-
gravate.' and accelerated by drugs of every description. but
perfectly curable by Du Barry
's health restoring Revalenta
Arabica Food, as proved by thousands of cases which had
been considered hqpetess ; such as indigestion (dyspepsia),
cough, asthma, consumption, habitual constipation diarr-
hoea, all gastric derangements, hemorrhoids, liver com-
plaints, flatulency, nervousness, biliousness' fevers, sore
throats, diphtheria, catarrhs, colds, influenza, noises in the
head and ears, rheumatism, gout,
impurities, eruptions,
hysteria, neuralgia, irritability, sleeplessness, acidity, pal-
Oath); heartburn, headache, debility, dropsy, cramps,
spasms, nausea and sickness even in pregnancy or at sea,
sinking fits, bronchitis, scrofula, tightness of the cheat,
pains in the pit of the stomach and between the shoulders,
&c. We quote afew.—Cure, No. 40,270. Mr. James Roberts,
timber merchant, of Frin2ley Surrey, of thirty years' diseased
lungs, spitting, of blood, liver derangement. and partial deaf-
ness.—Cure, No. 47,121. Miss Elizabeth Jacobs, of extreme
nervousness, indigestion, gatherings,
low spirits, and nervous
fancies.—Cure, No. 1,77 i. Lord Stuart de Decies, Lord-Lieu-
tenant of Waterford, of many years'
dyspepsia.—No.49,B32.
Fifty years' indescribable agony from dyspepsia, nervousness,
asthma, cough, conat patio; flatulency, spasms. sickness, and
vomiting—Maria Jolly.- Cure No. 54,816. The Rev. James I'.
Campbell, Fakenham, Norfolk, of indigestion and torpidity
of the liver. which had resisted all medical treatment.—
In tins, 11b, 2s 9d ; 21b, 48 ed ; 51b, 118 ; 121 b, 225; 211 h.
'OB.—Barry Da Barry and Co., No. 77 Regent-street, London;
also Phillips, tea dealers, 8, King iVilliam-street ; likewise
at 61, Gracechurch-street ; 4, Cheapside ; 49, Bishopsgate-
street 'Within ; €3, '54, Paul 298, Oxford-street ; 330, Strand ;
54, Upper Baker-street; 103, 1 ottenham-court-road ; 96,
Upper-street, Islington, N.; Harvey, Notting-hill; Close
Brothers, 65, high-street; and Stubbs, Queen's-terrace, St.
John's-wood. London •
and all respectable grocers and che-
mists.—Beware of apuriousitnitations.