The Sun.
London, England, 1866-04-09 00:00:00

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and if universal suffrage deserves e
lence eulogized, it is because it furnishes, u, ler
certain given conditions, the best means that can
be devised for placing the administration of public
affairs in the hands of the most capable and most
worthy. A democracy in which the sway of num-
bers tends to annul the action of men of intellect,
instead of tending to confide to them the direction
of the State, is not a democracy. It is but a many-
headed, blind, and blundering despotism, a despo-
tism irrevocably doomed to perish, sooner or later,
by its own hands." That ideal, the only true ideal,
cannot be reached through universal suffrage, and
is not approached through a bill which reduces the
suffrage without attention either to circumstances
or to principles, to the fact that low suffrage in
Manchester and Calne are radically different things,
and to the principle that " the rightful liberty of
every man ends where the rightful liberty of his
neighbour begins." This is what the Liberals who
agree with us want to secure; this is not secured by
the bill, and if they are firm they will when the
bill comes on do one of:two things, either throw it
out on Earl Grosvenor's motion, by far the bolder
course, or pass in committee an amendment " That
no part of this bill shall apply to any borough re-
turned in the census as of less than 50,000 inhabi-
tants." On redistribution neither Mr. Gladstone
nor Mr. Goschen said one word, and the objections
to a bill without schedules remain just what they
were, namely, that it compels the house to vote for
a great transfer of the sovereign power before it
knows the extent of the transfer, or to whom it will
be made.

THE " LONDON REVIEW" ON BUDGET ARITH-
METIC.--The publication of the Revenue returns
for the last quarter of the year is the natural cause
of speculation about the coming budget. We have
before us, in great part, the materials with which
Mr. Gladstone will deal. It would be very hazardous
work to guess what he will propose ; but it is be-
lieved the necessary basis of his proposals can be
stated with approximate accuracy. It is apparent
he cannot have so easy and splendid a scheme as he
had last year, with a surplus of about £4,000,000
to give away. The reductions of last year, heavily
as they told, will tell more heavily in the coming
year. So much is admitted on all hands. We are

inclined to go further, and hold the opinion that
Mr. Gladstone can have no surplus at all, and may
even have a small deficit. First of all, in actual
result, last year has turned out well, but not su-
premely well. Instead of an estimated revenue of
£66,392,000, the return has been £67,813,000; or
an excess of £1,421,000, which, added to Mr.
Gladstone's estimated surplus of £253,000, makes a
total apparent surplus of £1,674,000. But, unfor-
tunately, the expenditure, as well as the income,
has exceeded the estimate. Two large supplemen-
tary estimates for last year have lately been put on
the table of the House of Commons. One is for
£372,943 on account of numerous charges for the
Civil Service. The other is £764,000 for the New
Zealand war. In regard to the latter sum, we
are told that the colony has remitted, £500,000 of
their debentures. But in Dlr. Fox's book, just pub-
lished, it appears that these bonds, as we will not
guarantee them, can only be realised at a heavy
discount, and will not yield anything like half a
million. At any rate, the whole sum of £764,000
is not provided for, and, coupled with the Civil
Service items, will make a severe inroad on
the surplus to be credited to last year. In regard to
the coming year, the first figure to start with is
the total expenditure. That amount will be some-
what in excess of last year's estimate, which was as
follows :

Funded and Unfunded Debt £26,350,000
Consolidated Fund charge 1,900,000
Army 14,348,000
Navy .. . .. 10,392,000
Re venue collection • • 4,657,000
Packet Service 842,000
Miscellaneous Civil Services 7,650,000

Total .£66,139,000
The total is £66,139,000. For the present year we
may assume that the charges for the debt and the
Consolidated Fund will be the same as last ; and we
have before us the estimates for all the other
branches of the services. There will be two very
large additions. The charges for revenue collection
and Post-office Packet Service are to be increased
by £326,000, and on the Civil Service Estimates, as
compared with the vote of last year, there is an in-
crease of £198,964. These two sums make an
addition of £525,000, which cannot be seriously
diminished. The apparent diminution on the Navy
Estimates is only £4,000, and although the Army
Estimates show an apparent reduction of £250,000,
the effect is counterbalanced by the estimated dimi-
nution of repayments, which will be visible under
WeValeENVOSCfccsiPte /11.0.srev_enue.
for which he has now to provide. It is plain that if the
revenue had not recovered as it has done, Mr. Glad-
stone would now be face to face with a very large deficit.
His estimated revenue for last year was £66,392,000,
and deducting from that sum £1,417,000 —the
additional reductions to take effect this year—he
would now have £64,975,000 to meet an expendi-
ture of £66,664,000. But the year has been pros-
perous, and the revenue has recovered to the extent
of £1,421,000, which fairly balances the £1,417,000
of additional reductionii. But even a revenue of
£66,392,000 would be insufficient for the coming
year's expenditure, and unless the recuperation goes
on. Mr. Gladstone we know will not have that sum.

He is pledged to sacrifice to the wood and timber
duty, which yields about £270,000, and something
will be lost by the equalisation of the wine duties_
Probably the whole £392,000 will go, and there will
thus be a revenue of £66,000,000 to meet the ex-
penditure of £66,664,000, or a probable deficit of
more than half a million. The reassuring circum-
stance is, that the revenue can be safely trusted to
recover itself. It will be a novelty nevertheless, for
Mr. Gladstone to trust to such a resource. llis
friends say of him that he " very prudently ignores
this element when he makes his annual estimate of
income." The prudence of this course may be
doubted, and it is perhaps a weak, because an ad
captandum, point of Mr. Gladstone's finance. It is
easy to show astonishing results at the year's end,
when you knowingly count on receiving less than
you have a right to expect. It would be still more
creditable, however, to forecast almost exactly the
actual result of an average year. The progressive
growth of revenue is a fact to be counted upon as
much as its present yield, as much as the recupera-
tive effect of a specific remission, which is. always
so far discounted. The only difference is • that,
taking such fact into account, the surplus should be
larger than the nominal sum with which Mr. Glad-
stone frequently rests content, every one under-
dsteaanldiwnogulsdubh2e-osgeiawisheadt
hisyhisstarteinalgreexlipalniccietiy Awhgaoot
isd
already done implicitly. Let us have 't all above-
board.

" THE EXAMINER" ON A DRUNKARD'S FAVOUR.
—Patrick Butler,
the Review, and talkeda of
unakprtivate in the London Irish
Brightonsootin theth day before
the
when purpose.
he
Volunteers, got drunk
perovirdmce
for
Wales, showing some ball cartridgges
ngguroangnedhtaovinjoginbeheins
regiment,reported
e nt itioiathlae
the next day, he was arrested, and the ll car-
tridges were found upon him, though he denied
having them, but his rifle was unloaded. The ma-
gistrates treated the matter very properly as a
drunken folly, and discharged the prisoner. But
here begins the incomprehensible part of the affair.
Upon quitting the Court, Butler was cheered by
hundreds waiting outside, who followed him and
his friends as in triumph! Now what was there
in the case to call for cheers ? The best view of it
was that the man was so filthily drunk that he did
not know what he was saying. But is there any-
thing in that to applaud ? Well, to sYnipathisers,
we fear there is, and we have often had occasion to
observe the indulgence with which a mob regard a
drunkard. We believe it is the only case in which
a feeling of envy is mixed with a feeling of kind-
ness. The rabble would fain be as
the drunkard
is, and so they put themselves in his and
place,
like
him and help him as they would desire to be liked
and helped m the same disgusting
scrupulously do as they would state. They
in this
instance, if in no other. In th b
lowest
e e done by
sense of the
word popular, Idrunkenness is very popular. Is
there any explanation
Butler at Brighton .
? The discharge of an innocent
man who had brought himself dMI Cr rCil::,011-
able Suspicion is not so rare an event as to
collect a mob to hail it -with boisterous applause.
But perhaps Mr. Carlyle may
help to another solu-
tion of the question, and it may be that, from the
prevailing propensity to ~ wind and tongue," people
must make a noise upon all occasions ; and if they
cannot yell must cheer, and if they cannot cheer
must yell. Personages who can never show their
faces without being obstreperously cheered should
learn the value of cheers from the fact of sharing
them with a discharged drunkard. The Prince of
Wales hardly left Brighton with more honour and
applause than Patrick Butle left`
the Court-house.
As for Mr. Carlyle's charge thatthe two fiercest
nations in the world are going all away into wind
and tongue," if it be so true that even a drunkard
cannot go forth without acclamation, we may have
altogether lost the eloquence of silence, of which a
great French orator finely said, " the silence of the
people is the lesson of kings." If Mr. Carlyle be
right, Princes henceforth have net to fear their only
impressive lesson, nor drunkards neither. Both
may lose their senses without losing the vociferation
of followers.