The Sun.
London, England, 1866-09-14 00:00:00

THE SUN, LONDON, FRIDAY EVENING, SEPTEMBER 14, 1866.

THEATRE ROYAL DRURY-LANE.—
Sole Lessee and Manager, Mr. F. B. CHATTERTON.
The public is respectfully informed this Theatre will
OPEN for the DRAMATIC SEASON on SATURDAY,
Sept. 22,1, when will be performed Shakespere's Tragedy of
KING JOHN : King John, Mr. Phelps ; Falconbridge,
Barry Sullivan ; Hubert. Mr. T. Swinbourne, Prince Arthur,
Master Percy Roselle • Constance (first time), Mrs. Herman
Vezin. At the conclusion of the Tragedy, the National
Anthem will be sung by the entire strength of the Com-
pany. To conclude with Shakspere's COMEDY OF
ERRORS ; Dromio of Ephesus, Mr. Henry Webb; Dromio
of Syracuse, Mr. Charles Webb. Prospectuses of the
Season Arrangements to be obtained at the Stage Door.
Prices : Private Boxes, One, Two, Three, Four, and
F ive
Guineas ; Stalls, Dress Circle, 55.; First e, 45.;
Upper Circle, 35.; Pit, 25.; Lower Gallery, ls. ;Circl Upper
Gallery, (11.
Box-o111,:e open from Ten till Five daily, on and after
Saturday, Sept. 15

itOYAL THEATRE.
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SUMMER SE SON.—Doors open at Half-past Seven,
pertormanc,s comtncnce at Eight o clock precisely.
Til I.; EV EN INti, a New anti DJati,nuqu,
in Tiime
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l'rincipal characters by Mrs. Stirinx, Miss
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ROYAL STRAND THEATRE.
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COM N Y.
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Capital Fund—A QUAKTER OF A MILLION.
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11,,i
enti,c e ~k
i7unillated Fund is (coal to abut r,O per cult. of the
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New 1/u813168 reported in 18(33 amount to £353,700.
9.3I4IvIICrtsLA tone £1,569,791,

LONDON, FRIDAY, SEPT. 14, 1866.

There are some people who have not discretion
enough to know when they have said enough on
any given
.subject, and Mr. GOLDWIN SMITH seems
to be one of these. Not content with the excite-
ment produced by his first letter, he has written
another to the Beehive, in which he reiterates his
charges against the aristocracy, and renews his
comments on the Jamaica question generally. It is
much to he regretted that he should have adopted
this course, because some are sure to be influenced
in a wrong direction by his extravagant assertions,
and in many respects it is undesirable that the jar-
gon about class against class should be carried on.
Mr. GOLDWIN SMITH is the most vehement
and vituperative of all the orators who have de-
claimed about the Jamaica business, and yet we
have had most fierce invectives and indignant re-
joinders on all sides. Why he should rush in at
the eleventh hour and excite himself after this
fashion it is difficult to say ; but so it is, and the
result is to be regretted. Unfair and unseemly as
the course pursued by the Jamaica Committee and
their friends and coadjutors has been, it is not likely
to be so mischievous in its tendency or effects as
the style taken up .by Mr. GOLDWIN SMITH. He
seems to be endeavouring to excite and
inflame the passions of the lower orders
against their rulers, because of the tyranny of
their superiors; and in every respect, social, political,
and moral, this is to be deplored. It is, indeed,
hardly to be credited that a man of education and
experience should so misrepresent things, and seek
to convince the people of this country that they are
in a state of bondage.

Only the very ignorant or the very prejudiced
can be led away by such language as that in which
he concludes his letter, telling them that they have
before them the alternative of remaining " quietly
in a state of dependence, not to provoke the anger
of their masters by attempting to rise above their
previous social and political condition, "or else to "take
themselvento a country where all are of the same flesh
and blood, and where public justice and the laws of
humanity alike protect the liberties and lives of all."
Can anything be more ridiculous than this, or more
unreasonable either? The proposition for the
working men of England to leave the country to
the " masters," is one of those peculiar suggestions
which it is difficult to treat in a becoming spirit. It
is an insult to the intelligence of those he addresses,
when he goes on to tell them that they are in great
danger from the state of our institutions, and that
they may expect they will be trampled
on in a " sudden outbreak of oligarchic
bloodthirstiness," and the House of Commons
in a fit of panic and rage " will sweep away in a
night, by a suspension of the standing orders, all
our boasted securities for public liberty and estab-
lish a reign of terror." Mr. GOLDWIN Slim' goes
back to the "Peterloo massacre" and stigmatises
the conduct of the Tory Ministry of that day who
encouraged all the military proceedings.
The fact is that Mr. SMITH is trying too much
in his endeavour to mix up the recent occurrences in
Jamaica with the infamous conduct which he thinks
we shall meet with from Parliament and the autho-
The upshot of his tirade seems to be that in
time we shall see " martial law " in this country.
The example of the planter Parliament of Jamaica
will, he thinks, be followed by our English House of
Commons, and from that supposition he draws a
fearful picture of misrule and cruelty. In all that
he says, the writer seems to have before him the
object of exciting the indignation of the working
classes of this country, and opening their eyes to
the grievous burdens they have to bear. Such an
undertaking is a most dangerous one. He may be,
and we trust he is, ignorant of the harm
I.kely to ensue from such ill-advised attempts ;
but, if he is, the sooner he enlightens him-
self the better for all parties, the more creditably
it will be to his own reputation, and the more pro-
fitable to those who listen to his words. It is most
reprehensible for those who have knowledge to mis-
lead the ignorant, most injurious for those belong-
ing to the well-to-do classes to put one set of men
against the other, and most deplorable for those
gifted with any powers of learning and eloquence
to employ them to wrong purposes. There is a
great deal too much done and said in these
days to influence the lower orders to
make them discontented with their position,
and indignant with their superiors in station.
The folly and perversity exhibited by some
in this Jamaica affair has, indeed, been extraordi-
nary, and to make political capital out of it at home
is quite contemptible. Such attempts are treated
with the indifference that they deserve by the ex-
perienced, but the ignorant and infatuated are apt
to be misled by them, and therefore we would caution
them not to pay attention to those ill-advised
agitators who confuse themselves in their endea-
vours to allay the authorities until they make
charges and assertions that have no foundation but
in their own fancy.

ritics.

A monopoly is universally admitted to be a very
bad thing, except by those who are directly con-
cerned in its maintenance, and the whole tendency
of Our legjslation has been for some time past
directed against it. There are, however, two im-
portant exceptions to the general system of free com-
petition and unrestricted improvement within the
area of our own metropolis, and these are no less
than the gas and water supplies of Loudon. The
citizens of the modern Babylon have been fretting
under the burden for some time, but with the cha-
racteristic
patience or dilatoriness of the nation they
willhave b
r ingb
contentedaout a changethemselv in the gasesmithgrun aThalrirngu. What
gements
iswe shall
ahvaevetautoght waitus
until uncertain,
a
fewnights but probably
oftot
i
sal
darkness
that it is scarcely prudent to depend on limited and
localised sources of supply. The water question
'
likely to gain more direct and immediate at-
tention, thanks to a very painful teacher.
The late visitation of cholera in the east of London
has roused us from our lethagry, and although it was
well known that impure water was a fertile source
of the disease, the full extent of the danger seems
never t) have been realised until now. The Regis-
trar-General has from the first busied himself in
tracing out the connection between the impure con-
dition of the water supplied to the infected dis.
tricts and the virulence of the disease in those
localitiei. The companies have no doubt done their
best in filtering their water, at great cost and labour,
but the whole system is radically defective, and it
0 rhoods source
is
the os f y s
to mdisease
of
cannot be long before we have a wholesome reform.
neighObour
fruitfulu
in
storing the
poorerwate r .
The Medical Press,• •
~ in writing on this subject re-
cently, says--" One of the most urgent of all sani-
tary reforms needed is the total abolition of the
cistern, and a constant supply of water at high
pressure." The water-butts aul ns in small
and ill-kept houses, crowded with hallo. ..tants whose

ignorance and destitution encourage habits of dirt
and negligence, are powerful allies to typhus fever
and cholera. It is very easy to preach to the poor
about the importance of temperance, but if they are
to turn water drinkers they must at least have pure
water to drink, for bad water, among its train of

attendant evils, encourages gin drinking. The
Secretary to the Metropolitan Free Drinking
Fountains Association,. writing upon the
deficiencies of the supply in poor localities,
says that L" much wretchedness, misery, and
wickedness are endured by the resident poor in
some of the densely-popu'ated parishes of the me-
tropolis, in consequence of the entire dependence
upon an intermittent supply of water, the limited
means which they have at their disposal for storing
a sufficient quantity for daily use, and the absence
of any public street supply." The water pipes are,
it is true, laid on, but the water itself is only supplied
during a very limited time, and generally about
half an hour in the day, and not at all on Sundays ;
and thus if a leaky cistern, a deficient water-
butt, or the absence of both, prevents them
from storing up a sufficiently large quantity they
have to go without till the next supply. The good
old-fashioned idea of a Saturday's cleaning and wash-
ing ready for Sunday is thus defeated, since it is ne-
cessary to be sparing of the water, which mustlast two
days instead of one. But supposing the family has
enough tubs and waterbutts to preserve water for
comfortable use during the 24 hours, it is anything
but a healthy mode of preserving it. " Even when
cisterns and water butts are sound, and every drop
of water that is caught during the preciou half-
hodr can be harvested for use, imperfect ventilation
or sewage, and the fetid atmosphere of a crowded
dwelling soon poisons the whole, and converts what
should be a preservative to life and health into an
actualsource of fever and death." The well-known
habit of putting a pail of water in a room where
there is a smell of paint or• any other offensive
odour bears testimony to the folly and danger of
keeping stagnant water in open receptacles for
family use. The pumps were not much better, for
Dr, LETHEBY stated, that of thirty-six pumps which
formerly existed iu the city scarcely one supplied
water fit to drink. In some notable instances the
pumps became centres of disease and death, and
the poor, to quote again from the Report, " were
left to choose between the poison of the pumps and
the poison of their own foul tanks and cisterns."
To provide against this great and potent evil the
Free Drinking fountains were established, and
their wonderful success has amply proved how
much they were needed. The first free fountain
was erected on Snow-hill by Mr. SAMUEL
GURNEY, M.P., in 1859, and as many as 5,000
persons were found to drink at it daily. The
working men of the neighbourhood presented
a memorial to Mr. GURNEY thanking him
for the gift, and begging him to secure the
erection of other fountains in different parts of
London. This, as we all know, has been done, and
the association has now erected nearly one hundred
fountains, in addition to undertaking the supervi-
sion of a great number erected by private bene-
volence. The extent to which wayfarers avail
themselves of these fountains will surprise many
who are unacquainted with the statistics of the
association. The number of persons who drank at
the Bishopsgate fountain during the 24 consecutive
hours from 11 a.m., July 4, 1865, to 11 a.m., July
sth, was 6,666. At the London-bridge fountain a
similar watch was kept during 24 consecutive hours,
the result being the computation of 3,176 drinkers.
At the Royal Exchange and Snow-hill fountains
the numbers were respectively 5,603 and 2,647.
These amounts are very large, and some of the days
were by no means likely to encourage a large at-
tendwace. The 3,176 who drank at London-bridge
were reckoned during a day of cold east wind, with
showers. The 2,647 at Snow-hill belonged to a
similarly unfavourable day. When we remember
the great numbers of persons walking great dis-
tances in London, and the wretched supplies of
the poorer classes, we shall not be surprised
at these numbers. It cannot be very long
before our water supply is altogether reorganised,
and this is a blessing which we may hope the cholera
will have brought in its train; but even with a purer
and more constant house supply, there will always
be wanderers and wayfarers in our busy thorough-
fares, who will gratefully seek the aid of the drink-
ing fountain. The association have wisely and
kindly endeavoured to benefit the lower creatures
by the addition of troughs for horses, cattle, and
dogs to their larger fountains. This is a very sen-
sible and humane provision, and, so far as dogs
are concerned, may tend greatly to diminish
the risk of hydrophobia—a disease scarcely known
in hotter climates where a systematic provision
of water is made for the poor creatures. Every step
made in the development of our sanitary knowledge
tends to increase our estimate of the importance of
pure air and pure water. With these many evils
may pass lightly by ; without them, it is not too
much to say, public health is impossible. In wait-
ing, then, for legislative interference in the matter
of metropolitan water supply, • let us each do what
we can to -assist and second the efforts of the Free
Drinking Fountains Association to supply the wants
and relieve the sufferings of man and beast.

* Seventh Annual Report. Office, Shorter's-court.

We shall speedily see a repetition of the old
game in Berlin, and the last news is that the Go-
vernment will in all probability dissolve the Cham-
ber in the event of the Deputies rejecting the Loan
Bill in the form decided upon by the Cabinet. This
is certainly very likely to take place, and will be a
convincing proof of the mistake of those who deem
that we are on the eve of a new era far Germany
—that a great national regeneration will take
place, and unity exist everywhere. If such tyranny
is to be seen in the capital of the favoured country
itself, -what are the offshoots and aliens to expect ?
Whether they rely upon the justice, or trust in the
mercy of the Berlin Government, we expect that
they will find the result about the same. As for
Saxony, the Prussians insist upon having the control
of1;a11 the military affairs, which, of course, will be
the virtual extinction of the little kingdom, so far
as its independence is concerned. Such a systematic
course of opposition, and such a wholesale appro-
priation of the rights and property of others have
not been witnessed in Europe for many generations,
and it cannot surely be allowed long to con-
tinue to flourish and thrive. Either France

will interfere, or the Germans themselves will
rise en masse to protest against the usurpation of

heir rights. It will be a very different thing for
he Prusaians to cope with the French to what it

has been to fight the Austrians, and they find it far
otherwise to suppress a revolution than it was to
conquer states and principalities which really cared
little or nothing as to whether Austria or Prussia
had the ascendancy if their day was to go by in its

little state and splendour.
The French are now contemplating the probability
of the annexation of Belgium. This has been
talked about so much lately that it betokens the
existence of some danger. If such a thing
is iu consideration it will be to this country that
Belgium must look for support, and we trust that
she will not do ao iu vain. The re-organisation of

him.

the Fench army is not now deemed advisable, so
we may presume that it has been found in a toler-
able state of preparation. With one thing and
another the aspect of Continental affairs is bad
enough, and it is disheartening to find a sanguinary
war has produced no satisfactory 'results, while the
schemes for the re-organising the Constitution of
the Great German Empire are based on such false
principles that the whole work must, sooner or later,
meet the dissolution it deserves.

CORRESPONDENCE FROM PARIS.

(FROM OUR OWN CORRESPONDENT.)

PARIS, Thursday Evening.

The Moniteur states that the ratification of the
treaties concluded on the 18th August last between
the Governments of Oldenbourg, Saxe Weimar,
Brunswick, Anhalt, Altenbourg, the two Schwartz-
bourgs, Waldeck, the two Lippes, Cobourg, Rcuss
(younger branch), and the Hanseatic took place on
Saturday last. The ratification of the treaty with
the two Principalities of Mecklenbourg took place
on Monday.

The Opinion Nationale having expressed its belief
that Prussia was not disposed to consult the popula-
tions of the Duchies of Schleswig and Holstein to
ascertain their wishes in regard to their desire to be
incorporated with Germany, the Siecle takes up the
subject, and says it believes the fears of the former
journal to be unfounded. Southern Holstein and
Schleswig, it says, have manifested their desire for the
incorporation in a way which precludes any doubt
upon the point, but there is less probability in re-
gard to the views of Northern Schleswig. The
rights of those who may desire to return to the
dominion:of the laws of the Danish Monarchy are
guaranteed by Article 5 of the treaty signed at
Prague on the 23d of August last. This treaty
abandons to Prussia the Duchies of Holstein and
Schleswig " with the reservation that the popula-
tions of the northern districts of Schleswig, should
they express the desire by free suffrage to belong to
Denmark, may be ceded to that State." The
Cabinet of Berlin in deciding upon the annexations
ought to have made the measure dependent upon
the broad principle of universal suffrage. This
principle is recognised without restriction in the
electoral law definitively arranged by the Commis-
sion of the Prussian Chamber for the Parliament of
the Confederation of the North.

The Chantilly autumn races, under the auspices
of the Society for the Encouragement of Horse-
racing, will take place next Sunday. The follow-
ing is the programme of the day :—Prix de Bois
Roussel, 5,000 f., for horses of four years old ;
Premier Criterium, 2,000 f., for two-year-old
poneys ; Prix de Slyvie, 2,000 f. ; Deuxiene Cri-
terium, 2,000 f. ; Prix de Chantilly, 10,000 f., for
horses of three years old and upwards. Ten horses
are entered for this race, including Florentine,
Gontran, Affidavit, and Etoile Filante.
The following account respecting the cholera in
Paris is given officially by the authorities :—The
cholera first made its appearance in the month of
July. The disease reached its maximum in a few
days, but the highest amount of the mortality in
the hospitals and in the city did not exceed 150 a-
day. At the end of July the epidemic diminished
sensibly. The average number of deaths in the hos-
pitals was during the month of August, 23 per day.
It was only 15 per day during the first nine days of
September. It will be seen, according to these
totals, that, taking into account the population of
Paris (1,667,841 inhabitants), that the epidemic
did not prevail to a great extent in Paris, and ac-
cording to all appearances it will have ceased to
exist in the capital in a few days. In a city like
Paris, where there is an immense population of
working men, the hospitals afford the best criterion
for judging of the importance and state of the
epidemic. As to the deaths in the city the number
was never considerable, and since the first of Sep-
tember they have declined to an average of 22 per
day. It is stated that the cholera has quite dis-
appeared from Amiens.
There has been a lamentable case of assassination
at Melun, at the hotel called the Grand Monarque.
The proprietor, M. Martin, a man of about 55,
seems to have been much respected. Among
the persons who frequent the hotel is M. Latouche,
a rich proprietor of the neighbourhood. He became
intimate with M. Martin, and it seems lent him a
good deal of money. M. Latouche went several
times to M. Martin to obtain the repayment of the
money lent, but unsuccessfully. He went on the
same errand on Sunday last, when an excited con-
versation arose, and M. Latouche in a state
almost of madness at not being able to get his
money, seized upon a kitchen knife which was in the
room, and plunged it into the stomach of M. Mar-
tin with such violence that the intestines protruded,
and he died almost instantaneously. The assassin
endeavoured to commit suicide with the knife, but
was prevented by the servants, who rushed in at
hearing the noise. The account adds that the occur-
rence has created great gloom at Melun, where M.
Martin is gretly regretted.
According to report, the King of Hanover is
coming to Paris next month on a visit to the
Emperor.

Although incendiarism is not visited with capital
punishment in England except in the case of setting
fire to a house which is known to be occupied, the
crime is still. punished with death in France. A
young man of 22, named George Tellier, has just
been condemned to death by the Court of Assize of
the Seine, for setting fire to the manufactory of M.
Bessou at Asnieres, near Paris. It was totally con-
sumed, and the loss is estimated at 100,000 f., inde-
pendently of the injury which will be sustained by
M. Bessou from the cessation of his business. The
prisoner had been in M. Bessou's service, and he
committed the act because he had been discharged
for misconduct.

Lieut. Chatel, Knight of the Legion of Honour,
Lieut. of the First Class in the 4th Regiment
of the Line, in garrison at the fort of Cha-
renton; has been tried by a Council of War of
Paris, on the charge of having left his regiment
without permission, and being absent for more
than six days. This officer served in the Crimea
and has a medal from the Queen of England. The
prisoner's advocate did not deny the truth of the
charge, but he urged the Court not to dishonour a
brave soldier by condemning him. His client, the
advocate said, was "indiscreet," not guilty. Ile
was too fond of pleasure, which had led him into
debt and difficulty, and he could not resist the temp-
tation of absenting himself. The Court, by a ma-
jority of four against three, found that the prisoner
was not guilty, and he was set at liberty.
The weather has been finer to-day, bnt there was
little sunshine and rather violent wind. The Obser-
vatory calculations presage storms in the Channe
and on the coasts of England. It is stated that the
continued and heavy rains have done much injury
to the potatoes. The temperature to-day was
agreeable, but lower than the usual average at this
season.

The Grand Duchess Maria of Russia is in Paris,
and was present with Baron de Budberg, the Rus-
sian Ambassador, at a grand religious ceremony at
the Russian Church, on Monday.
A too clever swindler, a gentlemanly-dressed
young man named Henri Gerdelet, has been con-
demned by the Tribunal of the Seine to five years'
imprisonment and ten years'
surveillance of the
police, for attempting to steal a I,ooof. note from
a money changer of the ralais Royal. He went
into the shop and said he wanted a 1,0001. note,
but it must be quite new and particularly clear.
He was a photographer, and he wished to have a
photographic representation of it to exhibit to his
customers. The moment the note
was placed in
his hand he ran off, but the money changer caught
hini after a smart race.

A man has been arrested on suspicion of the
murder of the woman Annette Tisseraut, in the
Rue du Ponthicu, but the police have discharged

The Government contract for 54,000 gallons of
rum for the navy ryas this day taken by Messrs. Lemon,
Hart, and Son.

LATEST INTELLIGENCE.

(REUTER'S TELEGRAMS.)

BOMBAY MAIL.
ALEXANDRIA, Sept. 12.

The Massilia and Syria left at 11.30 a.m. to-day.

The former may be expected at Marseilles on the
18th, and the latter at Southampton about the 25th

instant.

The Massilia has £B,OOO and the Syria £91,000

in specie.

DISTURANCES IN SYRIA.
CONSTANTINOPLE, Sept. 13.

Intelligence received here from Syria states that
the tribe of the Bedouins, which had been expelled
from Hatirar on the 3d inst., has effected a junction
with the Druses. The combined forces have defeated
the troops of the Government, inflicting upon them
a loss of ten killed.

The Druse chief, Ismail Atrach, has invaded the
Lebanon. Fifteen Maronites were killed in the
attack, and Joseph Karane has been wounded.

THE AUSTRO-ITALIAN PEACE NEGO-

CIATIONS•

FLORENCE, Sept. 13 (Evening).

Intelligence received here from Vienna of to-
day's date announces that the Italian and Austrian
plenipotentiaries are agreed upon all points except
the luestion of the debt. It is believed that Austria
will accept the precedent afforded by the treaty of
Zurich without restriction, in accordance with the
treaties concluded by Austria with Prussia and
France. The special debt of Venetia will thus alone
pass to the charge of Italy as that of Lombardy in
1859.

The signature of the Austrian-Italian treaty of
peace is expected to take place in a few days.

ITALY.

HEALTH OF KING VICTOR EMMANUEL

FLORENCE, Sept. 14.

The King of Italy has left for the Castle of
Sommariva, in Piedmont for the benefit of his
health.

His Majesty will return to Padua at the end of
the month.

FRANCE,

PARIS, Sept. 14.

The Moniteur of this morning says :—" The
Emperor of Mexico had entrusted the Portfolio for
War to General Osmond, and that of Finance to
M. Friand, Chief Superintendent of the French
Army in Mexico. The military duties of these two
superior functionaries attached to the army being
incompatible with their new functions, they have
not been authorised to accept them."

Bo URSE, Sept. 12.—Two o'clock.—The market
is again very inanimAte, hardly any transactions
are taking place, and quotations, though little more
than nominal, are a shade lower than yesterday.
Business seems to have fallen into a state of almost
complete stagnation. French Threes were done at
70f. 10c., or sc. lower ; Italian Fives at 57f. 45c.,
also a decline of sc. ; Mobilier at 676 f. 25c., or a loss
of 3f. 75c. ; Credit Foncier and Comptoir d'Es-
comptc at 1,375 f., and 915 f., or a fall of 7f. 50c.
But little doing in Railways, and prices weaker.
Three o'clock.—Very little alteration has occurred,
the closing prices being as follows
per Cents 97 40 I Bank Shares 3615
Do. end month — Italian Loan 57 GO
3 per Cents. 7O 021 Do. end month 57 50
Do. end month 7O 1J Mexican Loan —
Credit Mobilier ... 677 50 Do. Bonds —
Do. end month ... 677 50 Spanish Threes
Credit Foncier — Home Debt —
Do. end mouth 1375 Deferred