The Sun.
London, England, 1859-03-10 00:00:00

THE SUN, LONDON, THURSDAY EVENING, MARCH 10, 1859.

LATEST NEWS.

The following telegrams have beep. received at
Mr. Reuter's office :

VIENNA, THURSDAY, MARCH 10.

Lord Cowley left this morning at half-past seven
o'clock for London via Prague. The success of his
mission is doubtful.
Advices from Servia express discontent with
Prince Milosch,

BERLIN, WEDNESDAY.

In the sitting of the Chamber of Deputies to-day
the Minister of Finance stated that the law pro-
hibiting the exportation of horses over the Zoll-
vererein frontiers will come in force to-morrow.

The Minister for Foreign Affairs gave a descrip-
tion of the present state of political affairs. The
following is an abstract of the speech :

" The Prussian Government does not for one
moment doubt that it will be able, in concert with
England, to procure due respect to existing trea-
ties. England and Prussia are in this favourable
position, that they are table to place them-
selves with impartiality between the antagonistic
Powers, Austria and France. Up to the present
time there have been only moderate hopes of suc-
cess, but the grounds for hope have increased dur-
ing the last few days."
The Ministerial speech lays peculiar stress upon
Prussia's mission in Germany, and says that the
future will prove Prussia still to be the Prussia of
former times.

The President, M. de Schwerin, announced the
fall assent of the Chamber to the sentiments which
bad been expressed, and especially pointed out the
national importance of the Ministerial policy.
The Chamber gave expression to its approval by
loud and prolonged applause.

MARSEILLES, MARCH 9.
Advices have been received from Constantinople
to the 2d inst.

The army of observation on the Danube has
been increased, to 30,000 men.

It is said that the Porte claims the right of ap-
pointing the Hospodars.
Letters assert that Sir Henry Bulwer advises the
Porte to grant concessions to the Principalities.
The French Ambassador has procured the dis•
missal of the Governor of Rodosto.
Hassib Pacha has instituted a council for finan-
cial affairs, composed of four Turks and three
Europeans.

ITZEHOE, WEDNESDAY.

All the proposals of the Commission for the
Constitution were accepted to-day by the Assembly
of the States.

HAMBURG, MARCH 9.

Great disappointment prevails in Prussia, in con-
sequence of the expected amnesty not having been
decreed on the occasion of the baptism of the Prince.
There are many prisoners in the fortresses, and
thousands of exiles abroad.

The Bavarian Chamber, in a secret sitting, has
unanimously pronounced in favour of the war loan.
The Deputies intend declaring their motives for so
doing by presenting an Address to the Crown. The
German Diet has voted supplies for the Federal
fortress of Rastadt.

The question has been raised whether Saffeti
Pacha should be ordered to furnish accounts, but
the Levant Herald has received the first official
warning for having denounced Saffeti.
Severe measures have also been taken against
the correspondents of certain other foreign journals.

TURIN WEDNESDAY.

The official Piedmontese Gazette contains the
following :—" The Austrian army in Italy having
been placed on a war footing, the King has thought
it necessary to call in the contingents. He hopes
the country will receive with satisfaction those
measures which are necessary for the defence of the
national independence and the honour of the
country. The subscription to the National Loan
has considerably exceeded the amount asked for."

I a crusader in chain-armour ; and M. de Salverte,
a Tartar. About twelve o'clock a car, drawn by
masks, made its appearance, bearing the Countess
Walewski, the Marquise de Cadore, the Countess
de Morny, and the Countess de Labedoyere, all
most splendidly dressed. Two suppers were served,
one at two o'clock and the other at five. At the
former several members of the Imperial family sat
each at the head of one of the tables. About 800
invitations had been issued, and the fête did not
terminate until six in the morning.
It is reported that Count Cavour has tendered
his resignation.

BOURSE, March 9.—The market was heavy at
the opening, and prices gave way, but a sudden
rally afterwards took place on a report that, not-
withstanding the language of the Austrian Gazette,
Lord Cowley had obtained important concessions
from the Vienna Cabinet. Threes, which had de-
clined to 68fr. 50c., rose rapidly to 68fr. 80c., and
are now at 68fr. 90c. Mobilier varied from 787 fr.
50c. to 800 fr. ; Austrian, 545 fr. to 552 fr. 50c. ;
Orleans, 1,340 fr. to 1,350 fr. ; Lyons, 840 fr. to
847 fr. 50c. ; Southern, 522 fr. 50c. to 527 fr. 50c. ;
Northern, 935 fr. to 945 fr. The following are the
last quotations :

4} per Cents. .... 95 75
Do. end month. .. 95 —1
3 per _ Cents. 69 101

Credit Foncier
Belgian 4f —
Piedmontese (5)
Roman B6
Austrian
Spanish Threes
Home Debt 4O

end month 68 90
Bank Shares -
Creditllobilier -
Do.,Account BOO --

RAILWAYS.

Cash. Account.
Orleans lti 1355 .. 1347 50
Northern 935 .. 935
New ditto BO5 .. 800
Lyons and Mediterranean 845 . . t 840
New ditto
-- • •
Geneva — .. 541 25
Midi
Southern
Western 6OO .. 600
Eastern
Gt.:And Central — .. •
Sesctinian
Austrian
. Exchange on London, at sight, paper, 25f. 15e. ; money,
25f. 10c. ; three months, paper, 25t. ; money, 24f. 97c.

brig Ricardo; the Token, with a full cargo of oil,
to sail in a day or two ; Ranger, in ballast ; Abbot,
Eliza Nelson, Hamburg barque,. Lagos, from
Palmas.

It is reported that Kosoko has gained over to his
cause most of the influential chiefs of Abbokutta,
who have promised assistance. The return of the
Consul had imparted confidence.
The withdrawal of the gunboat Bruce from Lagos
had created uneasiness.

At Accra trade very bad ; no iron arriving.
On the sth and Gth January a frightful shock of
earthquake. No damage. Rain scarce.
Vessels, there, American barque Buckeye, and a
Hamburg brig. Off Elmira, the barque Nalkins.
At Cape Coast Castle, Corporation of London,
Dognell.

Hei Majesty's ship Vesuvius left Sierra Leone
on the 19th.
Trade dull.

The collector of Customs at Gambia had been
dangerously wounded by the accidental discharge of
his pistol.
Trade moderately brisk.
At Tencriffe trade dull.

Her Majesty's ship Caradon was at Madeira on
the 2d March. Planters were busily engaged reap-
ing the sugar canes.

LITE_RATU.R.E.

Creeds. By the author of " The Morals of May-

fair?' 3 vols. Hurst and Blackett.

This is a strange story, and in some passages not
very desirable—being more suited to the French
than the English style of romance. It is unques-
tionably clever in its construction, and the events
arc detailed with a force and spirit that sustains
the interest and rivets the attention. The cha-
racter of Cyprian St. Just is portrayed in a very
skilful manner, and there is great truth in the
impression conveyed by the author that he
was the most to blame of any in the mis-
guided circle among which he lived. He was
also the most reprehensible, inasmuch as he pro-
faned the holy vocation on which he entered,
by his base conduct and his unworthy motives of
self-aggrandisement. Estelle herself, though too
weak and wayward to be estimable, was far from
being so blameable as she appears at first sight.
There is a great deal of skill manifested in the
description given of her Parisian season. There
was something innately pure in her nature, though,
much had combined to obscure its brightness, and
amid all the glare and frivolity of the gay, city in
which she was an acknowledged queen, she pre-
served some choice remnants of her early days—some
lingering memory of her childhood's home among
the fresh green woods hovered over her, and seemed
to exert a saving influence. The events which
followed are narrated in an impressive manner, and
there is ample scope for the exercise of curiosity in
the latter part of the story. Sir Ralph Harley is
the only, character met with in the story who is at
all to be respected : there is something refreshing
in his straightforwardness. after the cunning of
D'Alembert, and the Jesuitical sophistry of Cyprian.
Nothing more desirable could be wished for Estelle
than to be united to a man so honourable, and
capable of appreciating the good qualities she pos•
sessed. With the exception of some scenes
this work may be regarded as generally
attractive. It is distinguished for its striking
revelations of hypocrisy, which it denounces in
no measured terms. It also demonstrates how
the thoughtless may be led into the most serious
positions by following the advice of others, and not
acting in accordance with the dictates of their
own consciences. Those who are interested by a
complicated story of plots and manoeuvres will find
this novel a desirable subject for perusal.

Personal Memoirs of Charles the Second : with
Sketches of his Court and Times By J. W.
Clayton, Esq., author of " Letters from the Nile,"
&c. TWo vols. Skeet.
Captain Clayton is well known as the author of
several pleasant books of travel. He now makes
his appearance in a new character, showing us
glimpses of the changeful career and luxurious
court of the Merry Monarch. His work is not,
however, as might be conjectured from its title,
a mere record of the follies and extravagancies of
the Restoration. It commences with the closing
days of James 11., and gives a summary of the
troubled times that succeeded the accession of the
first Charles. The young prince is often inciden-
tally mentioned, his first public appearance being
when he was the bearer of a letter from his father to
the Peers, desiring that the execution of Strafford's
sentence might be delayed for a few days. He does
not take a prominent part in the history until after
his father's death. The narrative of his escape after
the battle of Worcester is very interesting even to
those who are familiar with the incidents. The
following extract relates the story of the Royal
Oak.—

" They reached Boseobel about three o'clock on Saturday
morning, when Richard left his Majesty in the wood,
whilst he went into the house to see if any soldiers were
there. Here he found Colonel William Carlis, who had
seen the last man killed at Worcester, and bad experienced
great difficulty in effecting his escape after the battle, and
who deemed it more prudent to conceal himself in Boscobel
Wood than to go to his house in the vicinity, where search
would certainly be made for him.
" On Richard acquainting the Colonel that his Majesty
was in the wood, he hastened with William and Richard to
pay his respects to him. The King, who was sitting on
the root of a tree, was heartily glad to see the Colonel, and
they all returned into the house, when the King freely par-
took of bread and cheese, as well as of a posset of thin milk
and small beer made for him by William Penderell's wife,
who also got ready some warm water to wash his feet,
which were not only very dirty, but much blistered by his
incessant and tedious peregrinations. The Colonel pulled
off his Majesty's shoes, which were full of gravel, and his
stockings, which were very wet ; and there being no
other shoes in the house that would fit him, Mrs. Pen-
derell put some hot embers inside to dry them. Charles
feeling somewhat revived after his refreshment and ablu-
tionsjthe Colonel-told him it would be very dangerous to
remain in the house, and recommended him, during the
day, to take refuge in a thick-leaved, bushy oak, nearßos-
cobel House. Thither they repaired accordingly; the two
Penderells assisted them in climbing up into the tree, and
brought them some bread, cheese, and small beer (the only
provision that could be procured), as well as a cushion for
his Majesty to sit on. As he had had scarcely any rest
during the two preceding nights, the Colonel advised him
to try and get a little sleep, taking the King's head-on his
lap, and carefully watching over him, that he might not
fall duringbhis'slumbers. Thus they remained throughout
the day, occasionally observing soldiers scouring the wood,
for the purpose of arresting any fugitives."
After many narrow escapes and anxious days and
nights, Charles was disguised as a serving-man to
Miss Lane, the sister of Colonel Lane, who was
travelling westwards to visit her cousin, and had a
pass for that purpose :
" The King, being destined to appear in a new character,
it was deemed advisable that he should be re-christened.
He was no longer Will Jones, the woodman of Boscobel,
but William Jackson, the son of a neighbouring tenant of
Colonel Lane. Another horse bore Mr. and Mrs. Petre,
(Miss Lane's sister), who were mounted in like manner,
and a third steed carried Mr. Lascelles, Miss Lane's
cousin.
"After proceeding about two hours on their route, the
mare upon which Miss Lane rode cast a shoe, and they
stopped to get it replaced by a village blacksmith. The
humour and good temper of Will Jackson were conspicuous
on the occasion. 'As I was holding my horse's foot,' says
the Ring, ' I asked the smith what news ? He told me
that there was no news that he knew of, since the good
news of the beating of the rogues of the Scots. I asked
him, whether there was none of the English taken that
joined with the Scots? He answered that he did not
hear that rogue, Charles Stuart, was taken, but some of
the others,' he said were taken, but not Charles Stuart!.
I told him that, if that rogue were taken, he deserved to be
hanged more than all the rest, for bringing in the Scots.
Upon which he said 'that I spoke like an honest man, and
so we parted.'
" Soon after the little party had set out from Bentley
Hall, solicitous for their safety, Lord Wilmot, Colonel
Lane, and a faithful servant, took horse, with a hawk and
spaniels with them to veil their real intentions, which vere
to watch the travellers as far as possible, and then to pro-
ceed to Sir Clement Fisher's house at Packington, in War-
wickshire, where they were certain of experiencing the
most cordial reception, and which they reached in safety.
" In the meanwhile, Will Jackson and his company pur-
sued their journey southwards, towards Stratford-upon-
Avon, at which place Mr. and Mrs. Petre were to leave
them. On reaching Wotton, within four miles of Strat-
ford, they came suddenly upon a troop of the enemy's horse.
The riders had alighted, and the animals were grazing
along the sides of the road, and a short distance in advance
of them. This unexpected occurrence gave the wayfarers
no small uneasiness, and they took counsel together as to
the policy of proceeding. This, Mr. Petro positively re-
fused to do, having himself formerly experienced rough
usuao.e from the Parliament soldiers ; so great was his
dread of them, that he quitted his companions, and pursued
his way to Stratford by another route, when he rejoined
his party, Nothing daunted, however, Will Jackson fear-
lessly held on his way, as the better plan to elude the sus-
picion of the soldiers, which might have been roused, had
he turned back. He soon had the happiness of seeing them
remount their steeds, and ride off. At Stratford, they met
the same, or another troop of soldiers, who politely made
way for the lady to pass through them. •
" The same evening they reached Longmarston, about
three miles from Stratford, where Miss Lane and her com-
pany took up their abode for the night at the house of Mr.
Tombs, a friend of the family. Here Will Jackson, to keep
up his assumed character of a serving-man, being in the
kitchen, where the cook-maid was. engaged in preparing
supper for her master's visitors, was requested by her to
wind up the jack, which he did so awkwardly, that tl_e dam ,•el
inquired petulantly, What countryman are you, that you
know not how to wind up a jack :* He replied, satisfac-
torily, lam a poor tenant's son of Colonel Lane, in Staf-
fordshire; We seldom have roast moat ; but, when we have,
we don't make use of a jack,' which answer pacified the
irate damsel."
On this journey he had many risks of
.
being discovered, which, as the penalty for
concealing him was death, and the reward for his
discovery £lOOO, was very alarming. It speaks well
for the peasantry among whom he mingled that of

the 30 or 40 persons who possessed his ecret, not
one should have been found to betray him, either
for the sake of the reward or for fear of the conse-
quences of assisting his escape. The close of the
first volume leaves him safe in France ; the second
records the events which brought him to the throne
and the chief incidents of his reign,:ineluding the two
great public calamities of the Plague and the Fire.
The following description of the destruction of the
old city of London gives a vivid idea of the terrific
conflagration :

" London, at this period, seemed a doomed city—as if the
sword of the destroying angel Was suspended over it. Dur-
ino, the last year, the plagne had desolated' the homes of the
inhabitants and, in many instances, had swept away entire
families, sparing neither sex nor age. Death had indeed
reigned triumphant everywhere. Another fearful calamity,'
such as had never yet befallen the British metropolis, now
occurred to dismay the hearts of the citizens. We allude
to the Great Pim which broke out early on Sunday morn-
ing, the 2d of September. It commenced in the King's
baker's shop in Pudding-lane, at the corner of Thames-
street. The house was full of faggots at the time, and the
numerous wooden buildings contiguous to it were filled with
pitch, tar, oakum, and other combustibles. No efforts
appear to have been made for some time to check the pro.
gress of the flames.

" The interior of the churches presented a curious and
unusual spectacle on the Sabbath-day. No pastor was to
be seen in the pulpit; and in lieu of the congregation, a
miscellaneous collection of goods and houseVold furniture
might be seen thing confusedly together, brought out of the
burning houses. The streets were thronged with persons
hurrying to and fro ; looking aghast at the appalling scene
that presented itself on all sides ; some carrying their goods
on their backs, others bearing away the sick on beds; while
a multitude of carts and other vehicles, laden with goods
and chattels, struggled to make their way through the
blocked-up thoroughfares, either to the sacred edifices, or to
the open fields in the vicinity. Night came, but it brought
not darkness with it, the streets and the heavens being lit
up bythe far-spreading conflagration. The meadowsnearest
to the metropolis exhibited a strange and singular aspect.
In these, groups of persons were collected around their
property saved from the flames, anxious to protect it from
depredation; and who, though now houseless, and having
to deplore a stoppage to their business, by which their
means of life were thus for the present cut off, nevertheless
had great reason to be thankful to Divine Providence, for
having preserved their lives from the awful peril that had
threatened them.

" Myriads of sparks, impelled by the wind, in their
descent set fire to other houses, which were mostly wooden
buildings, and showers were borne across the Thames,
which was brilliantly lit up to a considerable distance. Its
banks were lined with people—now casting their eyes on
the blazing city—and now on the numerous lighters con-
veying furniture to some place of safety. Boats filled with
persons, anxious to witness the grand but terrible scene
from the water, passed up and down the river during the
night ; while tables, chairs, and other articles, rudely
jostled against each other, and were borne along by
tho tide.

"No sooner did the King perceive the extent of the
calamity which had befallen his city, than he sent his com-
mands to Sir Thomas Bludworth, the Lord-Mayor, to pull
down houses, so as to arrest the ravages of the flames, I
met him,' says Pepys, 'in Canning-street, like a man spent,
with a handkercher about his neck. To the King's mes-
sage, he cried like a fainting woman, ' Lord what can I do ?
—I am spentpeople will not obey me. I have been pull-
ing down houses, but the fire overtakes us faster than we
can do it.' He added, he needed no more soldiers; and
that, for himself, he must go and refresh himself, having
been up all night.
" Evelyn also thus vividy describes the Great Fire :
The conflagration was so universal, and the people so
astonished that, from the beginning, I now not by what
despondency or fate, they hardly stirred to quench it, so
that there was nothing heard or seen but crying out
and lamentation, and running about like distracted
creatures. All the sky was of a fiery aspect, like the
top of a burning oven, and the light seen for above
forty miles round,for many nights. God grant that mine
eyes may never behold the like, who now saw above 10,000
houses all in one flame I The noise and cracking and
thunder of the impetuous flames, the shrieking of the
women and children, the hurry of the people, the fall of
towers, houses, and churches was like a hideous storm, and
the air all about so hot and inflamed, that, at the last, one
was not able to approach it. The fire raged for four days,
and all that time the King and the Duke of York exerted
themselves in the most energetic manner, even labouring in
person, and being present to command order, reward, and
encourage the workmen. It was through the personal
activity and presence of mind of the Duke of York, in caus-
ing the houses to be blown up, that the beautiful old Temple
church was saved and the fire stopped.'
" It was only through the wise precautions and energy of
his Majesty, that the Tower and Westminster Abbey were
preserved from destruction. But it was not till the 7th of
the month that the flames were extinguished. The fire
destroyed St. Paul's cathedral, the Exchange, the Post-
Office, and above two-thirds of the houses, churches, and
principal buildings. The rent of the houses consumed in
the city was computed at £600,000 per annum. A great
quantity of books fell a sacrifice to the flames, which occa-
sioned the ruin of the leading booksellers."
It will thus be seen that these volumes are full
of incident and interest; and, though the subject is
not in itself novel, yet a clear and succinct account
of the career of Charles the Second and his ante-
cedents, from the marriage of his father with Hen-
rietta Maria, to his death in 1685, cannot fail to be
acceptable to all who wish to familiarise themselves
with our national records.