The Sun.
London, England, 1866-08-29 00:00:00

The Polish Insurrection in Siberia.

CRACOW, Aug. 24.
Accounts have been received here of the recent
outbreak of Polish exiles in Siberia, differing con-
siderably from the version given by the Russian
papers. The statements now made proceed from
Poles of Galician origin, who being sent to Siberia
in 1863 as prisoners of war, are now gradually re-
turning home At the demand of Austria. The Czas
summarises the Siberian outbreak as follows :
" All the imperial factories and mines in Siberia being
crowded with Polish transports, and the number of these
unfortunate persons increasing daily through the arrival of
fresh convoys, the local authorities determined to employ
many in constructing two great roads, one from Irtkoutsk
to Kiachta beside the telegraph line, and the other
from Wevchneourlingki to Potropaulowski through ITart-
chinsk and the province of Amour. The Polish transports
thus employed were divided into numerous squads, and
placed under the surveillance of detachments of infantry
and of Cossacks wider the command of superior officers
charged at the same time with the direction of the works
and the administration of the provision stores. Ono of
the first and principal causes of the rising was the famine
which broke out among the Poles. The provisions des-
tined for them by the Government having been diminished
by the dishonesty of the chiefs, epidemic diseases, the
inseparable concomitants of famine, and in especial
typhus, soon broke outjamong the transports, and carried
off largo numbers. The complaints addressed to the
superior authorities remaining unnoticed, desperation
seized the survivors. A squad of about 1,200 Poles em-
ployed at Koustouk, upon the Baikal Lake, in a barren
and almost desert district, further irritated by savage
corporeal punishment unjustly inflicted upon ono 0I
their number, were the first to give the signal of revolt.
In the night of June 20 they rose upon their guards, suc-
ceeded in disarming them and binding those who resisted.
husstprurocvki odff provided
to with
the
The captain in command was killed, and Col. Schats, his
asurmpes,rioarmomffizirt„iownas taken Pseriss,on theer.
PolesT
,
and horses,
north-east, following the telegraph line along the Baikal.3,ooo Russian convicts working in an adjoining district,
hearing of the Polish success, in their turn massacred the
troops of the garrison (about 200 Cossacks and two com-
panies of infantry), then taking possession of the arms in
the place, joined the Poles and placed themselves under
their command. A feeling of long-repressed vengeance also
broke out among the native population. Believing the time
of their deliverance arrived, they rushed to arms, and under-
took the engagement to furnish the Poles with provisions
and horses. To repress the movement the military gover-
nor of Irtkoutsk sent against the insurgents a strong de-
tachment of four companies of infantry, a squadron of ca-
valry, and six guns, under the command of his aido-de-
camp. Several officers of various grades joined this expedi-
tion, but the Russians being drawn into an ambuscade in
the defiles of Selenga were surrounded on all sides, and
after a most sanguinary engagement, almost entirely de-
stroyed. Tho guns and all the ammunition fell into the
hands of the insurgents. Two colonels and 20 subalterns
were killed, and carried back to lrtkoutsk. The governor
then called out all the disposable forces of the country, and
sent them against the insurgents by twodifferent routes on
June 27. One detachment was ordered to pursue them
along the Baikal, while the other crossed the lake upon
steamers to cut them off and attack in front. The latter
party succeeded in reaching Posolsk-, and entrenched itself
in the monastery at that place. The Poles finding them-
selves between two fires determined first to attack the
Russians entrenched at Posolsk, so as to open the route to
Nertchinsk and the Chinese frontier. The monastery was
stormed and the enemy dispersed. The other detachment,
which was to attack in the rear, was itself assailed by the
natives, and forced to retreat after heavy lusses. The Poles
continued to advance towards China. The entire garrison
of Irtkoutsk being thus destroyed, the governor ordered en
extraordinary levy in the town and the environs at the
commencement of July. All the Poles settled in the couu try
or domiciled at Irtkoutsk were placed in irons, and (Jul.
Lovandowski was despatched to the south of Siberia.
Travellers now arriving from those parts report that the
insurrection is spreading in all directions, and that the
Poles have taken up arms at Nertchinsk."

A communication from Irkutsk, in Siberia, pub-
lished in the official organ of St. Petersburg, gives
the following details of the late outbreakof the Poles
already mentioned :
_ _ _

" About 1,000 Poles, condemned to penal servitude, who
were working at roads a distance of 100 versts (three-quar-
ters of a mile each) from this place, revolted during the
night of the 6th July. They ill-treated their commander,
Col. Schwartz, beat the soldiers, bound them with ropes,
&c., and took off their coats, which they put on themselves.
They then attacked a military station, which they pillaged,
and marched towards the mills of Petrowski and the aurii
ferous sands belonging to the Crown, where a large num-
ber of Poles were working. On their road they took all the
horses belonging to the post stages, pillaged and burned
down the villages, tore down the telegraph wires, and de-
stroyed the bridges and ferry boats. It is reported that a
large number of Poles who had been authorised to settle in
that province had joined the insurgents. However, they all
soon contrived to arm themselves and to possess ammuni-
tion. Evidently everything had been prepared beforehand
by the Polish colonists. The commander-in-chief of East
Ehiberia, General Koraskow, had loft some time ago for the
Camoor (4,000 versts from Irkutsk) for a tour of inspection.
—the telegraph being cut off it has been impossible to in-
form him of the insurrection ; but the Governor of Irkutsk
lost no time in taking the necessary measures. Besides a
strong detachment directly sent against the insurgents,
other troops have been despatched by steamers run-
ning on the Baikal, and artillery detachments havo
been also sent to the pursuit from Verkne-Ondinsk.
The imperial troops and the insurgents were
alreadyiskirmishing. Colonel Tcherniaiew, who was super-
intending the road works, was found in a wood, tied to a
tree, and badly wounded. The body of M. Porokhow,
killedwith
someb y the
wounded Poles,
sneil vd
ieedr.
sa.t I rGk ue
nt
eskralonKutbheei,lelhthiefofefJtuhlyo
aide-do-camp to the chief of the staff, and who had been
staff of the troops in Siberia, is gone to take the command
against the insurgents. Poles, made prisoners, are begin-
ning to arrive here. It is stated that the insurgents, sur-
rounded on every side by the imperial troops, have retreated
into the woods ; but they are hemmed in by the troops and
the volunteers, the latter belonging mostly to the Toun-
gouses and Bouriates, who are excellent sharpshooters.
Tho town is much agitated, because it contains many in-
habitants and employes who' are Poles. Foot and horse
troops patrol the whole night. In every street are
stationed
10 mounted Cossacks and 10 on foot. The heat is exces-
abnynao announce
ee that
d atthe
de
sive, yet no one dares to go from either town to bathe or
walk in the woods. Advices received from Oussolid
revolted - likewise in tho
Poles working there have also ,
Emperor had considerably mitigated
(Crown mills, 60 versts from
towns of Kansk an
13th April last, the
condition of the Poles deported in Siberia. Those con-
tlfgrot'nnkir.kuYtsekt),
thede
mosd to
penal servitude for six years were made colo-
nists; those who were colonists received permission to
circulate freely through the whole of Siberia. It Be ems that
have availed themselves of this act of clemency they only
to mutiny, kill, and pillage, for escape was out of the ques-
tion."

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