The Sun.
London, England, 1866-05-21 00:00:00

THE SUN, LONDON, MONDAY, MAY EVENING 21, 1866

recognii ;es his right to the protection and care
of the State. He thinks too that if it is worth
while t 9 -wage a costly and deadly war to
preserve -the union it is as well to profit by the vic-
tory whet I won ; and that it is useless to maintain a
nominal junction of the whole system—social, po-
litical, an d commercial,—is to be thoroughly disor-
ganised. The common sense of the people
is no doubt with him, but his office is
no sine cure notwithstanding. The Radicals are
strong enough to do mischief in Congress even
though they no longer adequately represent the
people out of doors. The extremes to which the
party have. gone during this session have no doubt
disgusted .moderate and sensible men of all parties,
but their progress is not arrested by that conviction.
The power is in their hands for the time, and they
will use it. Mr. JOHNSON, when he boldly re-
sisted their schemes, and threw down, as it were,
his glove against them, carried the popular sympa-
thies with him, and his first veto was so warmly sup-
ported, followed up as it was bythe open attack upon
the policy of the Radical leaders, that the opposite
party were for the moment paralysed. They were
forced to pause, but they did not modify their in-
tentions. The second struggle between them and
the PRESIDENT resulted in their triumph, and the
Civil Rights Bill was forced through the House in
spite of the second veto. They have now proceeded
still further—all on the same road, however ; that
road which, little as they see it, tends inevitably to
the destruction of the American union, the downfall
of American prosperity, and the overthrow of
American power as at present constituted. The re-
port of the Reconstruction Committee advised
mere mischievous and comprehensive changes
in the constitution ; and it was known that
not only Mr. JoincsoN, but that nearly the
whole of the Cabinet were stronly opposed to
it. It was thought, in New York itself, that the
House of Representatives would reject the amend-
ment proposed, since a number of the Republican
members had declared themselves against it. On
this, as on previous occasions, however, the ultra
Radicals have proved too strong for the men of
moderate councils, and the latest news tells us
that on May 10th the House of Representatives
adopted the amendment of the Reconstruction
Committee by 128 to 57 votes. This will pro-
bably be the occasion of a fresh struggle between
the contending powers. The PRESIDENT is not a
man to be easily baffled; he will not be cowed or
threatened into abandoning his convictions. If strong
language and frantic opposition could shake him, he
would have been moved from his course before now.
If personal aggrandisement were his motive, he
would be more eager to conciliate opponents and
rally a party round him. If personal fear influenced
him he might be startled by the remembrance of
his predecessor's fate. It has been abundantly
proved, however, that ANDREW JOHNSON is swayed
by no such motives. Faults and weaknesses he has
no doubt, mistakes of policy and errors of judgment
he may commit ; but his whole public career be-
longs to a different level than the manoeuvring, in-
triguing, selfish, intolerant, and faction-loving
sphere of the Radical leaders. It is their failure to
influence their opponent by any of the usual methods
--their knowledge of his inflexibility, his boldness,
and his decision, which so greatly incense the prime
movers of the attack upon the South under the
guise of love for the negro. To the PRESIDENT
himself they are, as might be expected, bitterly hos-
tile, and they manifest their feeling very plainly by
their continual efforts to thwart and annoy him, as
well by deeper laid schemes to contract his authority
and influence if possible. The Africa brings
us the news that a bill has been intro-
duced in the Senate providing that the
PRESIDENT shall not have power to remove
any officer appointed by consent of the Senate,
excepting members of the Cabinet. The new elec-
tions will probably reverse the positions of parties
in the House of Representatives, but until the
change has time to take effect, which will not be
for a considerable time from this, they have,
unfortunately, not only the will, but the power, to
do a good deal of mischief. The President loses
no opportunity of refuting their statements, and
has lately reminded a Methodist deputation that
the representations made of the state of feeling in the
Southern States are partial and unfair. Individual
Cases are selected and spoken of as samples instead of
exceptions. It is no thanks to the Radical party
disaffection is not rampant through the Southern
States ; it is solely due to the efforts and policy of
the PRESIDENT himself, and the just confidence
which the Southern people feel that he
will do his best to secure fair and impartial
legislation for the whole mixed and various com-
munity. It is difficult to foresee what will be the
issue of the struggle, but it can only be regretted
by all who are sincerely desirous for the welfare
and prosperity of the great Western Republic.
Their form of government is assuredly on its trial,
and the spectacle is not without instruction to older
States. The tyranny of the many, it has often been
said, is more dangerous than the despotism of
one ; possibly because it is so easily disguised under
specious professions of enlightened and philanthropic
principles. It is from this tyranny, not open
but concealed and insidious, that the United States
have long suffered, and the great crisis in the na-
tional history has brought out the inherent weak-
nesses of the system in the most glaring light. There
is something wrong in the Constitution, which
permits a body of men to override all others, and
there is a lack of those harmonising influences
which in our own country reconcile opposing inte-
rests and smooth the progress of public affairs. It
is against the factious and noisy dogmatism of
parties like the extreme Radicals that Americans
have really to be on their guard. It is such bodies
that endanger their wellbeing, which alternately
make their liberty of press, and speech, and action
degenerate into license, and invest a Republican
Assembly with the arbitrary character of a Council
of Ten. It is well, at least, that the head of the
State is fully sensible of the danger, and in the ar-
duous and responsible struggle he is maintaining he
carries with him the sympathies of this country.

PROSPECTS OF COII3IEMORATION.—There is no
truth in the report that the Prince and Princess of
Wales intend to visit us this year ; but in spite of this dis-
appointment we doubt not that the Commemoration will
be as gay as ever. The annual ball will be held iu a room
built expressly for the purpose at the Clarendon Hotel.
The Christ Church ball will also be held in the same place.
As far as we have at present heard, the arrangements for
the week will be as follows :—Saturday, June 9—Theatri-
cals by St. John's College in the Music Room. Amateur
Musical Society's concert in the Corn Exchange. Sunday,
June 10—Show Sunday. Last Bampton Lecture by Mr.
Liddon. Monday, June 11 —Flower show in Worcester
Gardens. Mr. Leslie's concert iu the theatre. Procession
of boats. Freemasons' ball. Tueslay, June 12—Masonic
fete—Orpheus Glee Club. Christ Church ball. Wednes-
day, June 13—Enccenia in the theatre. University ball.
Thurday, June 14—Exeter College ball. New College ball
Thursday will of course be mainly devoted to picnics down
the river as usual.—Oxford Undergraduate's Journal.

NOVEL DEED DEPOSITORY.—An extraordinary
circumstance has transpired with reference to the
Thomas Newly, stonemason, who diedfrom accident. Af-
ter deceased was taken to the hospital his clothes were
examined. Feeling something in one of the sleeves of the
coat, the person who was examining it ripped open the
lining and discovered a number of deeds relating to pro-
perty. Upon inquiry it was found that the deceased, al-
though only an operative stonemason, was worth property
to the pzigwat £67oo,—.Artqa3i7c Paily &ova,

CORRESPONDENCE FROM PARIS.

(FRoM OUR OWN CORRESPONDENT.)
PARIS, Sunday Evening.
There was a Cabinet Council on Friday, at which
the Empress and the members of the Privy Council
were present, and also a Cabinet Council yesterday,
at which the Emperor presided. I have reason to
rely upon the statement made to me in an official
quarter that the chief subject of discussion yester-
day related to the order and the exact points to be
submitted to the proposed Congress. After all, the
information of The Sun apon this subject has turned
out to be perfectly correct, as well as the comments
of those Paris papers which I noticed.

A letter from Florence, in the illoniteur, gives
some explanations relative to corps of Volunteers to
be commanded by Garibaldi, which diminish the
importance of that step, and take from it the aggre-
sive character which has been attributed to it. The
letter says that " the enrolment has not the revolu-
tionary character of the spontaneous enrolment con-
nected with the expedition of 1860. If the precautions
and reserve of the decree, and the conditions of the
engagements be considered; if it be corroborated
that General Garibaldi, appointed by the decree to
the command of the National Volunteers, belonged
up to the day of his retirement to the regular army,
it will be acknowledged that in fact the enrolment
of Volunteers amounts to little else than the creation
of a regular supplemental corps, to be distinguished
from the other corps only for its having been called
into service by another mode than the annual
levy of contingents, and by there being more re-
straint in regard to the time of its duration. Thus
the hopes of peace are still not seriously disturbed,
and the reports in regard to the Congress are still
more favourably received by the public. At all
events the field is open for diplomatic arrangements,
although there is no doubt that if the Venetia ques-
tion do not receive a speedy, amicable solution, Italy
will be irresistibly hurried into tha chances of war."
According to another account from Florence, the
King of Italy, who was to have left the palace
on the 15th for the head-quarters of the army, was
still there, and another favourable augury is drawn
from this celay in the King's departure.
The Siecle from its own information, and that of
the Independance &lye, a well-informed Brussels
paper, says that the French Government has not
given up the idea of European arbitration with a
programme limited to three points—Venetia,
Schleswig Holstein. and German Reform. This
programme was formally proposed to the English
Governinent by the French Ambassador, the Prince
de la Tour D'Auvergue, on the 9th of this month,
and probably on tle same day an identical com-
munication was mach by Baron Talleyrand to the
Cabinet of St. Petersburg.

The trial of Aspe for the murder and mutilation
of the woman at Tculouse is not concluded. Yes-
terday a singular incident took place. The jury
all visited the wins shop where the murder was
committed.

An interesting discussion has taken place in the
Legislative Body on the important subject of local
government and centralisation. In the course of
it the Count de la Tour said it was the Revolution
which struck the last blow at our system of pro-
vincial liberty which vas almost destroyed in the
reign of Louis XIV. The Revolutionists, wishing
to triumph at any price over the resistance of the
provinces, the private rights of cities and corpora-
tions were abolished. All private liberty was de-
stroyed, even that of adoring Jesus Christ. After
the Reign of Terror conscience recovered its
rights, but provincial and local privileges were not
entirely restored. Tie Emperor promulgated de-
crees of the 25th Match, 1852 and 13th April 1863,
which gave certain ministerial powers to the Pre-
fects. Wishing seriously to give local rights and
privileges to the department and the commune, the
Government organisei a plan giving considerable
extension to the powers of elective councils. This
was the origin of the bill now before the Chamber
for the improvement of local government, and its
principle was such as to deserve a favourable re-
ception.
Colonel Giuseppe Pace, who was one of Gari-
baldi's chief officers in the Sicily expedition, has
died at Naples. Col. Pace distinguished himself by
his powerful exertions to repress brigandage in the
Calabrias, his native province, which he twice re-
presented in the Italian Parliament.
It is reported that M. 8., the treasurer of the
Sous Comptoir of the railways, a man of 60, has
decamped with a sum of three millions, obtained
by means of forged documents from the Comptoir
d'Escompte of Paris (the official discount office).
The fraud, it is said, will 'not in any way compro-
mise the original establishment.
Paris, with all its gaiety, is after all the most
religious capital of Europe—at least if a true esti-
mate may be formed from the large proportion of
inhabitants who attend public worship. To-day
(Whitsunday) is one of the great religious fetes of
the year, and I have had an opportunity of observ-
ing
eeltoreokpoinlittahne
mortnhinagt
untilfroi n
mt hied
_edaaryl y s
ehvoeur ra oof
of
the 'clock
churches have been immensely crowded. The beau-
ful weather and some village fetes in the vicinity of
Paris tended almost to vacate Paris in the course of
the day, but be it remarked that the pleasure-seek-
ing population attended to their religious duties
first. Whatever may he the religious observances
of Sunday in London, I will venture to say from
occular proof that more Parisians than Londoners
went to church to-day—aye, and that this vast
class of Roman Catholics here were at least as " re-
ligiously and devoutly disposed" as the congrega-
tions of London.

M. Berlioz has been appointed conservator of the
instrumental museum of the Imperial Conservatory
of Music, in the room of M. Clapisson. A sale
of musical instruments, forming the private col-
lection of the late M. Clapisson, has been con-
founded by some of the papers with the sale of
the museum. That museum is intact. It includes
some of the most curious and valuable musical in-
struments in the world. Some are of the date of
1612. One instrument of the style of Louis XIII.
has a painting on the panel by Teniers. The ap-
pointment is honorary, no pay being attached to it,
and M. Berlioz has accepted it from a pure love of
art. The Institute have granted a pension to M.
Clapisson's widow, and she is allowed to continue to
occupy her apartment there the same as in the time
of her deceased husband.

One of the Paris tribunals has granted a decree
of separation to a husband whose wife absented her-
self from home for 23 days, and who, on her return
home at one o'clock in the morning, refused to give
an account of where she had been. A French pro-
verb says that " The absent are always in the
wrong."

Mr. DISRAELI is said to be one of the kindliest of
mankind, but, sagaciously remarks the Spectator, the man
who skotchod Rigby must have a trace in him of the true
attorney. According- to this ingenious mode of argument,
what a rascal at heart Shakspere must have been, judging
from his delineation of lago and Jachimo ! What a sneak
must be Mr. Dickens, estimating his character from his
account of Uriah 'Jeep ! What a snob was Mr. Thackeray,
when viewed through the remembrance of Jeatues ! What
a consummate hypocrite Moller°, regarded in the light cast
back upon himself by his portraiture of Tartuffe !

A CHILD KILLED BY A GAME COCK.-011 Satur-
day Mr. Humphrey held an inquest at Old Ford as
to the death of Charles Winter, aged three years. It ap-
peared that on Tuesday week the child was standing at its
parents' door, 32, Palm-street, when a ferocious game cock,
belonging to a neighbour named Monk, which had been
frequently known to attack other children, flew up at him,
and putting one claw on his head and the other on his
shoulder pecked at its face, which streamed down with
blood. The child was taken in doors, and a doctor was
sent for. Tho medical evidence proved that deceased died
from effusion of serum on the brain caused by a shock to
the system, arising from the attack and pecks of the game
cock, as well as from fright. The owner of the cock
treated the matter very cavalierly, and thought his furious
bird of more importance than the lives of children. The
coroner hinted that the parents could take proceedings in
another court for the loss they had sus'ained, and the jury
returned a verdict--" That deceased died from effusion on
the brain, caused by being attacked and pecked by a cer-
tain game cock."

THE PROPOSED CHANNEL TUNNEL.—The question
of a tunnel under the Channel has again surged up. The
Propagateur of Lille mentions that freak surveys have been
commenced, and that huts have been erected ou the
Camyn dyke between• Calais awl Sangatte to contain the
effects and inAitruaeuta of engineers.