The Sun.
London, England, 1866-10-09 00:00:00

TI! E SUN, LONDON, TETESDAY EVENING, OCTOBER 9, 1866,

abound in high places. Right and wrong are the
exclusive appanage of no class, and is as likely to
offend one as the other; but few are more culpable than
those who set class against class instead of seeking
to harmonise one with the other, and thus forward
the great work of social good. The spirit of
this age is against such a display as that
which Mr. BRIGHT made last night ; it was
an exhibition of intolerance that defeated itself
at last. The fact is, that no one can possibly pur-
sue the course which Mr. BRIGHT has chosen to
walk in without deteriorating greatly, and if public
men descend to such means of making themselves
remarkable they must not expect to retain their in-
fluence, and they do not deserve to do so either.
In place of the fine speeches of past years we meet
with a tissue of abuse, and the far-famed eloquence
of the member for Birmingham seems to have
vanished away, and to have been substituted for
that most commonplace harangues, where virulence
takes the place of reason.

The arrival of the Moravian brings us intelligence
from New York to the 28th ult. Affairs are still
in a critical condition, and will remain so until the
country has given its verdict through the elections
now beginning throughout the States. Speculation
is rife as to the views and intentions of the PRESI-
DENT ; and rumours have been current that he has
changed his policy with respect to the Constitutional
Amendment. Despatches from Washington deny
this unconditionally ; but it is believed in many
places that he intends to propose a constitutional
amendment which will embrace the essential
elements of the other in a less objectionable form.
How he is to do this it not easily discoverable.
No form can be otherwise than objectionable to the
Southerners or to any independent well-wishers of
the Union if it include wholesale negro suffrage,
and exclude the recognition of State rights and the
representation of the whole country. Yet nothing
less than this would content the Radicals, whose
leaders seem to have worked themselves into a state
of frenzy which renders moderation or compromise
impossible. A fair sample of the hopelessness of
attempting to conciliate such adversaries is afforded
by a recent speech of General BUTLER'S, in
which that illustrious commander declared
that the adoption of the Constitutional
Amendment would not necossarily insure the ad-
mission of the Southern States, and further de-
manded that General LEE, as well as Mr. DAVIS,
should be hanged forthwith. This is very much in
accordance with the code of military honour which
we should expect from a BUTLER, and his en-
lightened suggestion proves that be has at last
discovered, as he thinks, an effectual means of de-
grading the Confederate General who so long kept
at bay the best soldiers of the North. We do not
apprehend that General BUTLER'S wise and
honourable advice will be taken, or that a
man whom all Americans respect and admire
will be condemned without being accused of
any crime, much less convicted ; but the fact that
he should have publicly given utterance to such a
sentiment shows the stuff that Radical orators are
made of, while his remarks about the representation of
the South and the Constitutional Amendment proves
how useless it would be to endeavour to concert any
moderate plan of action with such politicians. The
occasion of BUTLER'S address was a mass Conven-
tion of soldiers and sailors which the Radicals con-
vened at Pittsburg, in imitation of the soldiers' and
sailors' convention at Cleveland, or rather in oppo-
sition to it. The Radicals feel it incumbent upon
them so soon as the Democrats have held a meeting
of any kind to hold one in opposition. The famous.
Convention at Philadelphia was succeeded by a
Radical Convention, and the Soldiers and Sailors'
Convention at Cleveland has been followed
by this demonstration at Pittsburg. It is
unfortunate for the Radicals that they are obliged
to match BUTLER against GRANT and SHERMAN,
who are known to favour conciliatory measures to-
wards the South. However this only carries out
the old saying that true bravery is always mag-
nanimous, and that cruelty and cowardice usually
go together. •
The Committee of the Cleveland Convention has
paid a visit to the PRESIDENT, and presented him
with a report of their proceedings. Speeches were
made by Generals GORDON and GRANT, stat-
ing that the Convention desired peace, an d
that the union would be soonest restored when
the measure proposed met the approval of all
loyal people north, south, east, and west. Any-
thing short of this would not secure the object for
which the soldiers and sailors had fought. The
PRESIDENT, in reply, referred to his previous career
as evidence of what his future conduct would be,
and declared that constitutional limitations must be
observed if the Government is to exist. Perhaps
though this is no matter of anxiety to the Radicals.
Judging from their language, and the reckless
manner in which they advocate the most im-
practicable and intolerable measures, they would
like nothing better than the chaos of a
general revolution, a disorganisation of the
Union, and the establishment of a reign
of terror. We may, however, reasonably hope that
the American people will refuse to endorse such
policy by their suffrages ; and there is little reason
to fear that President JOHNSON will allow himself
to be cajoled or threatened into forsaking the wise
and statesmanlike course which he has hitherto fol-
lowed.

Mr. DAVIS'S trial has been again postponed, and
we may therefore hope that the PRESIDENT will ful-
fil his promise and release him from confinement.
The Rev. J. KELLEY, of Petersburg, Virginia, has
hadan interview with the illustrious prisoner, of which
he has published an interesting account. Subsequently
Mr. KELLEY proceeded to Washington, and had an
interview with the PRESIDENT. He believes Mr.
Davis to be a dying man, but this belief may be
partly due t) the striking alteration which would
naturally be visible from the honoured and power-
ful head of a vast nation to the weary and heart-
broken prisoner. Surely the right of trial or the
hope of release should be accorded to one who has
suffered so long and so courageously.
Among the news lately received from America we
get some valuable and interesting information
respecting the relative powers of fortifications and
ordnance. Some important experiments have re-
cently been made at Fort Monroe, and the result
appears to be that granite, stone, or brick forts are
of little use when opposed to the heavy guns of the
day. Iron plates with a " backing" of sand or
earth between seem to be most efficaCious. The
15-inch Rodman gun produced tremendous effects,
though the target, one might have thought, was of
a singularly powerful character. It was composed
of a wall of hewn granite, 30 feet in height and
36 inches in width, 7 feet 9 inches in thickness
through the main Ott, the ends being 4
feet thicker. It was plated with iron-plates
four in number, resting against the wall on the
upper half of the target, but at the lower part hav-
ing a backing of six inches of sand. It was thus
that the superiority of the sand backing was dis-
covered. One of the shots fired struck the upper
plate and cracked two of the granite blocks
at the back of the target—nearly eight feet
from the plate—and drove them from their
bed. Another shot struck the lower plate and

produced no serious effect, owing, undoubtedly, to
the said backing. On the second day of the expe-
riments a shot, which struck the upper part on a
previousindentation, produced great effect. The iron
plate was punctured, the bolt passing through
and burying itself in the masonry, the target being
shattered for half its length. " There is no doubt,"
says a spectator, " that this shot has really knocked
out of use all the stone and brick forts in the world."
This is a lesson which we hope will not be lost
upon our authorities, only they must take care
that they do not repeat the mistake made by the
Austrian Government, and in waiting to decide
upon the best means of national defence, remain
unprepared till the day of war takes them at an
rrecoverable disadvantage.

It is satisfactory to find that the Government
have resolved to make an effort to rescue the
wretched captives of Abyssinia. It is true that re-
ports have already reached us of their untimely end,
but no proofs have been given of the authenticity of
these dreadful statements. At any rate it would
not do for the authorities to let things take their
chance, and steps must be taken to meet the emer-
gency that may arise. It is a diflicult and ungra-
cious task that has fallen to the Foreign-office,
through the extreme mismanagement of Lord
RUSSELL. The reply which the Emperor THEODORE
expected to his communication to the QUEEN was
delayed in a very extraordinary manner by the
late Ministers, and hence have arisen the fearful
consequences to the unhappy English prisoners. It
is now resolved that Mr. FLAD should depart on
another mission, taking with him an autograph
letter from the QUEEN, which has been written in
a decided manner, and yet in a friendly spirit.
Colonel MEREIVETHER is to follow soon afterwards
with very valuable gifts from her MAJESTY to
the Abyssinian Monarch. It has been very
wisely resolved upon that the Colonel is
to remain atMassowah when he lands there until he
should have heard from Mr. FLAD of the result of
his interview with the tyrant. It is hoped that by
this means the latter may be brought to reason,
and consent to give up the unfortunate victims of
his insult and indignation. No reliance is to be
placed upon the success of this scheme, but it cer-
tainly seems, upon mature reflection, to be the best
that can be desired at present. There is the chance
that this redoubtable EMPEROR may feel himself
flattered by all this show and ceremony, and, if so,
it will be all the better for the sufferers. When we
consider the nature of the country where these pri-
soners are immured, and its inaccessibility, it seems
more than ever strange that the late Government
should have acted so unwisely, and allowed things
to proceed to such an extremity by offending the
irascible potenate. It is a very unsatisfactory
business at the best ; but, as it has been conducted
hitherto, we do not see that Lord STANLEY could
have done better than he has, and we must rest in
the hope that our unfortunate countrymen may yet
return to our shores. Whether they do or not,
however, we should advise others to keep clear of a
territory from which egress seems so difficult, and
where such a tyrant holds sway.

CORRESPONDENCE FROSI PARIS.

(FROM OUR OWN CORRESPONDENT.)

PARIS, Monday Evening.

Prussia is easily pleased if she can be satisfied
with the reception given at Berlin to the news of
the acquisition of Hanover to that kingdOrn. Of
enthusiasm there was none. The population
seemed as cold and melancholy as people are gene-
rally at a funeral. The official despatch sent to
Paris with the account is not able to speak of ova-
tions or enthusiasm. The only thing it has to say
is that " tranquillity was not disturbed." Such is
the telegraphic announcement. The celebrated
announcement, " Order reigns at Warsaw," finds
here a parallel. " Not Amurath an Amurath succeeds,
but Harry, Harry," and all that the historian of the
inauguration of the new regime is that Prussia takes
the official possession of the kingdom of Hanover,
and no revolt ensues for the moment at least.
The Vienna Gazette gives its opinion that the
conclusion of peace with Italy is a most satisfactory
occurrence for Austria. It assures its readers with
an air of official authority that Austria in evacuat-
ing Venetia and recognising the kingdom of Italy
retains no resentment or forethought, because it is
no longer in the south of Europe that her influence
will be exercised. " The era of German struggles,"
adds the official paper of Vienna, " is finished.''
The Journal des Debats, in commenting upon this
official declaration of Austria, says--" We are of
the same opinion as the Vienna Gazette, and our
only regret is that Austria was not before impressed
with the necessity of terminating these disastrous
struggles."
The autumn races at the Bois de Boulogne yes-
terday, aided by the rare incident of fine weather,
attracted a large assemblage, and gave very great
pleasure. The following is an account of them :
The Grand Prix de l'Empereur, 20,0001., for horses
of 4 years old and upwards, was won by the invin-
cible Gladiateur, ridden by G. Pratt. Vertugadin
was second. Gladiateur was ahead from the begin-
' 1,875 f. to the second
ning, and all attempts to outstrip him were perfectly
uliu,
useless. Fumee and Meli-Melo were not placed.
horse. Amount
Prix
oftheduprimzeo 00f.—Montmirail, 1;,
Anglo-Saxon, 2 ; Cartiniere, 3. Prix de la Cascade,
2,oooL—Gaulous, 1 ; Amia, 2 ; Robat-Joie, 3.
The winner was claimed by its proprietor, M. Moise,
for 5,550 f. Prix du Chevilly, 3,000 f. —Le Sioulet,
1 ; Le Magicien, 2. Prize of St. Cloud (Handicap),
10,000 fr., for horses of 3 years old and upwards.—
Astrolabe, 1; Grande Dame, 2; Fidelite, 3. As-
trolabe won easily by two lengths. Amount of the
prize, 14,700f.,-I,ooof. to the second. In the race
for the Grande Prix de l'Empereur, Vertugadin was
ridden by C. Pratt. C. Pratt also rode Astrolabe
for the Prix de St. Cloud. Grande Dame was
ridden by T. Carter, and Fidelite by Musgrove.
The cholera still prevails in some parts of France.
A death from cholera occurred at Marseilles on
Friday last, and at Boulogne-sur-Mer. On the day
when the last official record was published the
number of deaths from cholera was 12.
The Italian Government has accepted the arrange-
ment made between Austria and the Southern Rail-
way Company as regards all the lines in Venetia.
A letter from Florence states that the. day fixed for
the plebiscite is the 14th inst. King Victor Em-
manuel, who is expected now at Padua, will make
his solemn entry into Venice as soon as the official
publication of the votes by universal suffrage shall
have taken place, which will probably be about the
20th inst. The Italie, however, announces that the
authorities and the Italian troops will not wait till
that period to take possession of the country. They
will be summoned to do so by the municipal autho-
rities, to whom General Laboauf, on the part of
France,will remit the powers with which he will very
shortly be invested by the Austrian authorities. The
future Commissioners are already spoken of for
Venice, the Senator Count Pasolini, and for Verona,
one of the most distinguished members of the aris-
tocracy of Palermo. A great many changes will
be made in regard to the Embassies, and the diplo-
matic representatives in Italy.
The Parisians, who of late have been in great
anxiety about the weather, are beginning to be easy
in their minds upon the subject. This is the second
day that it has been settled and beautiful, and this
evening there is every prospect of the continuance
of bright, sunshiny weather.
Now that the alarm about the inundations is over
some writers are beginning to be facetious upon the
subject. One of them in describing the rising of
the river says—" Madame Seine became enlarged
to an alarming extent, but unlike ladies in general,
at such a, time, she rose from her hed,"„

LATEST INTELLIGENCE.

(REUTER'S TELEGRAMS.)

FLORENCE, Oct. 9.

It is expected that the Italian troops will enter
Venice on the 15th inst., and that the plebiscite
will take place on the 21st inst.

RUSSIAN POLAND.

THORN, Oct. 8.

Advices received here to-day from Chelm, of the
4th inst., state that Bishop Kalinski, of the Greek
United Church, and most of his clergy were arrested
and conveyed out of the town by the Russian
authorities.

THE BOMBAY MAJLS.
So UTII AMP TON, Tuesday Morning.

The Peninsular and Oriental Company's screw
steamer Surat, Capt. T. Jamieson, has arrived with
the heavy Bombay mails, 55 passengers, £16,809
in specie, 35 pieces of ivory, 20 casks of wine, and
sundries.

The Surat left Alexandria on the 26th ult., Malta
the 30th, and Gibraltar the 4th inst., and has had
very fine weather throughout the voyage.
The Egyptian yacht Mahrousse left Alexandria
for Candia on the 24th ult. The French man-of-
war Andromagne was at Alexandria when the Surat
left, and the Var sailed on the 26th.
Her Majesty's ship Assurance left Malta for
Syracuse on the 21st. The Resistance, Racer, and
Psyche were at Malta, and the Redpole and Sky-
lark at Gibraltar.

' The steamship Ripon, from Southampton, arrived
at Gibraltar on the 2d inst. ; the Roma, from Glas-
gow, on the Ist ; and the Atlantic, from Liverpool,
on the 30th ult.

Gibraltar exchanges on London were at 491;
Paris and Marseilles, sf. 12c. ; Madrid, 3i to 4 dis,

PRUSSIA.

INCORPORATION OF FRANKFORT-ON-

THE-MAINE.

FRANKFORT-ON-THE-MAINE, OCt. 8.

The law incorporating this city with the Prussian
Monarchy was solemnly promulgated here to-day.
After the reading of the Royal Patent in the
Imperial Hall, in presence of the officers of the
garrison, the members of the Senate, and the mu-
nicipal authorities, Herr von Patow, the Prussian
Civil Commissioner, requested the authorities to
continue in the exercise of their functions until the
introduction of the Prussian Constitution.

Herr von Patow then made a long speech, in
which he did justice to the grounds which existed
for the pain felt by the citizens at the loss of their
independence, but contrasted with that loss the ad-
vantages which they would derive from their new
and powerful Fatherland in matters concerning the
constitution of the army, the administration of jus-
tice, and the general government of the town.
The Prussian flag was hoisted amid cheers for the
King, a military salute, and the playing of the
Prussian National Anthem.

Large crowds assembled on the Romerberg, but
the inhabitants remained quiet.

INCORPORATION OF HESSE-CASSEL.
CASSEL, Oct. 8.
The Royal Patent taking possession of Hesse-
Cassel was solemnly promulgated here to-day.
All the members of the Estates were present at
the ceremony, and great enthusiasm prevailed. The
members of the Choral Guild of Cassel formed in
procession, with their banners flying, and sang a
festive hymn specially composed for the occasion.
Before reading the Royal Patent the Prussian
Commissioner Moller delivered a speech, in which
he said—" The thousands assembled here to-day
are a proof that the people of Hesse-Cassel know
how to appreciate the immense importance which
the event of to-day possesses for the welfare of the
country. All will one day bless the change which
is now being effected."

INCORPORATION OF NASSAU.
WIESBADEN, Oct. 8.

The ceremony of formally incorporating Nassau
with the Prussian monarchy took place here to-day
with great solemnity.

FRANCE.

BOURSE, Oct. B.—Two o'clock.—The market is
much more buoyant to-day, and all quotations in-
dicate a rise on Saturday's closing prices. French
Threes have easily attained 68f. 95c., an advance of
20c. Italian Fives, though following the same
movement, are not so firm, the actual quotation
being 55f. 45c., with only 15c. rise. Credit Mo-
biller Shares have reached 640 f., an advance of 6f.
25c. Credit Foncier Shares advanced 5f., to 1,360 f. ;
and Comptoir d'Escompte 2f. 50c., to 892 f. 50c.
Paris Gas are 10f. higher, at 1,375 f. Railway
Shares likewise are dealt in at higher quotations.
English Consols are telegraphed with au advance
of 1.

Three o'clock.—There has been a further rise,
and the market has closed with the following ad-
vanced quotations :

41 per Gents 97
Do. end month —

3 per Cents. 69
Do. end month 69 05

Credit Mobilier 642 50
Do. end month 645
Credit Foncier —
Do. end month 1360

Bank Shares 3600
Italian Loan 55 60
Do. end month 55 60
Mexican Loan —
Do. Bonds ' —
Spanish Throes
Home Debt
Deferred
.WATO.

For Account.
Orleans 855
Northern 1165
Lyons and Mediterranean 896 25
Southern 576 25
Western
Eastern
Sardinian
Austrian
Lombard
North of Spain
Saragossa
Ditto to Barcelona...
Roman

M 5 -

380 --
411 25
107 50
137 50

65 -