The Sun.
London, England, 1859-02-07 00:00:00

THE SUN, LONDON, MONDAY EVENING, FEBRITAIIY 7, 1559,

latter alone would be empowered to confirm the
decision of ihe -tribunal. In the instructions held
by Mr. Wulne, - the British -Cournissione-F;--- the-
eventuality of any subterfuges or opposition on the
part of the Turks seems to ye been wholly unpro-
Tided for, but those of his-French colleague admitted
of a .wider interpretation. After-exhausting every
other argument, M. Sabatier finally hinted to
Naamik Pasha that the Duchayla had not-come to
the Red Sea pour prendrerair; and at length he
distinctly declared that unless his demands for
justice were at once complied with he would place
the matter in the hands of the French naval com-
mander, who should be instructed to open fire upon
the town, and that the frigate would not withdraw
from the place until either the town was laid in
ruins or every round of ammunition on board the
vessel expended. This threat. produced the desired
effect, and Naamik Pasha at length found himself
compelled to yield, but at his earnest request it was
agreed that the Kaimakan, who is a Turk, and it
appears holds some title or post of dignity in the:
household of the Sultan, should be sent to Constan-
tinople under sentence of death, commutable t o
perpetual imprisonment.
On the 12th inst.-armed detachments were landed
from the Chesapeake and Pelorus, and from the
Duchayla, upon the. wharf, close to the Custom-
house, where the conspiracy was first organised.
The British Marines and French sailors, with the
flags of their :respective countries borne aloft in
their front, were drawn up in a line facing the sea,
and close under the walls of the town. Turkish and
Egyptian troops, facing each other, formed the
lateral sides of a square., which on the side of the
sea-was-closed by a line of boats from the French
and English vessels, with their guns pointed to the
spot. Close by was a gate leading from the town,
through which the two priSoners were shortly
aftei•witrds brought forward. As a characteristic
incident I may here mention that up to the very
last moment the Wretched men were kept in ignor-
'ance of the fate that awaited them. They were
brought-to the ground under the belief that they
were to. be embarked for Suez, and it was only
when they were, actually in the centre of the square
and in the presence of their executioners, that they
first became aware that death was about to atone
for theircrimeS: Both; however, bore their doom
with the fortitude of Oriental fatalists.
As on the former' occasion, the executioners were
selected frOin the ranks AOf the Bashi-Bazouks
Again a scene of mutilation ensued, the description
of which is too horrible. for repetition, and to the
thought .of which the mind can, index d, only recon-
cile itself by the renienibrance of the stern necessity
there existed that 1116 demands of human- justice
should be satisfied. • • •

The Europeans ihnnediately. afterwards with-
drew from the ground, defiling past the Turkish
troops, who presented arms as they went by. On
the same day a public proclamation was posted on
the walls of the town notifying that, in obedience
to the orders of the Sultan, an inquiry had been in-
stituted into the origin of the riots which resulted
in the massacre of the Christian inhabitants of the
town, and among them of the consular representa-
tives of England and Frame ; that the leading mem.
bers of.the conspiracy had been convicted by a tri-
bunal composed of the highest authorities of the
country; and calling upon the people to, respect
the will of their Sivereign Lord, who had com-
manded that the guilty should undergo the punish-
ment justly due W. their crime, in testimony of his
.high displeasure and as a warning to. others.
M. Sabatier arrived at Suez by• the • Duchayla,
and has resumed his post at, 'Alexandria. The
-Kaimakan . and his fellow-prisoners are shortly
expected from Jeddah by an Egyptian.steaMer.. It
has been stipulated that they shall undergo their
imprisonment • in a fortress situated in some one of
the towns of 'European Turkey possessing.a consu-
lar residence.

Mr. Walne is expected to return to Cairo at the
end of the month. With regard to the question of
indemnity, each of the three Commissioners will
address a separate report to his own Government,
and the final settlement of the question will be
effected at Constantinople. The claims admitted
by the French and British representatives, I am
informed, amount in the aggregate to £200,000.

NAPOLEON- 111. AND ITALY.

(From the Tirns.)

The- pamphlet, as opposed to the newspaper, may
be an Imperial and statesmanlike organ of publicity,
but it certainly is deficient in simplicity and useful-
ness. It is too elaborate to be clear, and too pre-
tentious to be pleasing. No one accustomed to the
pithy comments with which liberty notices passing
history can read such a production as. " Napoleon
111. and Italy," of which we published a translation
on Saturday, without complacency that he does not
live in the country whit!), produces it. Better the
daily infliction of endless verbiage, better rhodo-
montades•and personalities, better all the glare of
the most reckless and ruthless publicity, than the
darkness which can be illumined by such a phos-
phoHe flash as this. If this be the teaching, what
must ,be the ignorance ! If this be explanation,
what must have been the previous bewilderthent !
To see at any time the heavy apparatus.of an essay
'brought out to selVe a question on which men have
corresponded, and talked, and speculated in the
funds, and acted in the most practical manner
possible for a month past, is as strange as if we
beheld some Spectral- review where soldiers of
modern date handled arquebuses and culverins, and
guard's stood with . partisans before the 'General's
tent. But this- production is in a more especial
manner.. out. of • date. It treats ..hiatorically of
events which it is absurd to treat otherwise than
practically, and as of immediate importance. What
arc we to shink of a manifesto which, in the midst
of general 'alarm, dealS in nothing but the sonorous
generalities of a professor's.lectare ? _ What are we
to think- of at writer who: seeks to satisfy intense
excitement ;and expectation by discussions which
might have been written five or ten .years ago ?
The Court of the Tuileries and the publicists whom
it inspires seem to have 'fo'rgotten. that the wrrld
lives in the present, and that beyond the boundaries
of France, at least, men will not be content to defer
their consideration of an event until it has ceased
to Lie important. The weakness of the Imperial
pamphlet consists in thiss---',hat it does not necessa-
rily teach the present situation. • Much in it may
be true ; but, unfortunately,- it• does- not contain all
the: truth, nor, notably; that part of the truth
which principally occupies the: minds of men.
Those who arc accustomed to the style of conti-
nental discussion will .anticipate. the •exordium of
the French writer. Italy is - the common country
of all civilised States ; she represents nationality,
civilisation, imperishable principles, glorious exam-
.pies. We are, therefore. commanded to show our
sympathy far her misfortunes, and lend our aid in
her regeneration. This is the leading idea of the
pamphlet. Italy is to be delivered and endowed
with nationality—we hear nothing of freedom—
by foreign interference. The following is, as far
as we can trace it, the course of the argument :
There are two elements in Italy—the revolutionary
element. and the 'national element. The revolu-
tionary element corresponds to subversive thechies
and violent passii?ns. It is hostile to religion and
the Papacy. It is isolated in Europe, " where the
spirit of order happily predomizates everywhere."
It therefore can do no-good. There remains the
element of nationality. From this great things
are to be, expected. It opens a glorious part for-
the Papacy. It is the strength of the King of
Sardinia. It has even kindled a spark of pa-
triotisni in the breast of the King of Naples. It
receives
.the sympathies of Europe. Among the
nations which have encouraged it England stands
pre-eminent.' Before the Revolution of 1848 Lord
- Minto made his journey to Italy ; Lord Palmerston
delivered his -diplomatic philippics against Austrian
rule in Lombardy. By the Revolution of 1848
Aiistria was nearly ruined ; in May she wee 11 halo
come to terms; in July Piedmont was exhausted.
Bat all this time English influence and sympathy
were on the side cf It, ly. For eleven years we
have encouraged the hopes of the Italian patriots.
The consent of England, therefore, to the inde-
pendence of Italy may be considered as granted.
And is not Germany equally interested in the
same result ?- The Imperial Pamphleteer shows
that the loss of Lombardy by Austria could
have nothing menacing for Germany, and pro-
m* to examine the case of France. France,
he says, does not wish to renew, the , con-
quests of the First Empire, but only to carry
out in Europe an idea of the'-First Napoleon—the
agglomeration of peoples. • France only invaded
Germany and Italy,. according to the illustrious
exile of St. Helena, in order to make them German
and Italian. " The union of Piedmont with France,
that of Parma, Tuscany, Rome, had only been tem-
porary in my thoughts, and had no other. object
than to watch,. to guarantee, and to promote the
national education of the Italians." It is in this
spirit we are left to infer that French armies will,
if necessary, cross the Alps. Should the education
of the Italians prove not to have been completed,
they may, according to this argument; possibly
remain in the provinces whence the less.civilising
German has been expelled. However, the propo-
sitions of the writer are now logically educed. It
has been proved that Italian _nationality will be a
benefit ; it has been proved.that England and Ger.
ninny are of this opinion;
and that France not only
agrees with them, but has the power and the will
to enforce her views. - The rest of the pamphlet
is taken up in showing that the status. quo in Italy-
cannot last, that reforms arc necessary, that Austria
will not allow reforms, that the Italians of thetu-
selves cannot obtain them against the force of
Austria, and that consequently a foreign Power
must interfere, Which Power this is to be it is

easy to discever; - The chief stress is laid on the
alvdrta,,-;etto Inland- and Germany of such e,
0 - _._ - -
-paticy,aificuthe pAinplilet is plainly addressed to
Englishmen and Prussians even more than French-
men. . .

The obvious reflection which suggests itself on
reading this lengthy production is, that it might
have been written at any former period of the Em-
peror's reign. What- is there new in it ? What
has Austria done in Italy since Napoleon III; pro-
liaised. her a lasting friendship three or four years
ago, and accepted the highest Order of Knighthood
that _Francis Joseph could confer ? Italy had
genius before 1856; she was the mother of civilisa-
tion before the attempt-of Orsini, and the " agglo-
meration of the peoples" was an immense Concep-
tion: before Imperial visits linked together St.
Petersburg and Paris. Whatever the -truths of
this pamphlet, it is clear thaethey can have had no
influence on the warlike attitude of the French
ruler. They are pretexts, find not.. motives. The
Emperor must not think to impose on the world by
affecting enthusiasm, either historical or poetic.
We know that he is not a man of impulse. This
essay does not represent the action of a mind like
his. The dreams. of an agitator expressed in the
language of an academician are not in analogy
with what we know of the Imperial resolves.
These are arguments which could have been urged
against Austrian rule in Italy any time these
twenty years. The necessities of the French
Emperor's - position .or the restlessness .of his
temper induce him to seek a cause of quarrel with
a neighbouring Power ; and these arguments are
then furbished up and given to the world as his
immediate motives of action. But we know that,
with them all present to his mind, he has profeSsed
esteem and friendship for Austria, and that Austria
has since not only committed no new offence, but
has notoriously endeavoured to conciliate and re-
form. Can the world be deceived by so transparent
an artifice as this ?

But, as the pamphlet has dwelt much on the
former policy of England, it may be as well to
reiterate that this policy has never been changed.
England has given proof of her desire to sec Italy
contented, and, if she has not interfered by force,
she has not, on the other hand, encouraged evil
government by the spectacle of popular assemblies
violated and free institutions overthrown. It may
suit the purposes of French Imperialism to take
up for the hour the cause of nations crushed by
military and priestly government, and to sneer
oat
the moderation of a free country which urges re-
spect for treaties; but it should be remembered th it
for years past it is the Tuileries which have fur-
nished the fittest school for military monarchs de-
sirous to deal summarily with unquiet populations,
while England has by the exhibition of free govern-
ment continued to protest against the excesses of
rulers. Even now this country is most willing to co-
operate with France in any prudent scheme for the •
improvement of Italy. We joined Napoleon 111, in
withdrawing our representatives from the Court
of a bad and obstinate King •, we have helped by
counsel and example to raise Sardinia to the moral
position she now is tempted to abuse, and even in
Rome, we will venture to say, that if a word of
noble and manly sound ever reaches the Papal ear,
it will be from the mouth of some Englishman,
who, though he deems his own country heretical,
has yet imbibed unconsciously the lessons which
she teaches. Let the Emperor Napoleon cease from
his preparations, give pacific assurances to Europe,
and curb the petulance of his.new kinsman, and he
will find England a willing ally in redressing the
real grievances of Italy. Much mischief has,
indeed, been done already ; the pride of Austria
and the national feeling of Germany have been
roused by wanton demonstrations, and the French
Ruler has achieved the wonderful task of turning
nine-tenths of the English Liberals into sym-
pathisers with the Power which was their favourite
object of denunciation. However, even with these
disadvantages, he may do something for Italy. A
year of calmness and moderation may make his
name respected in the Peninsula ; but the first
cannon-shot fired in a war of aggression will place
him and the cause he advocates under the ban of
Europe.

.ATT.EMPTED SUICIDE IN CIiELTEN
HAM.-A LOVE AFFAIR.

CHELTEsterkst, Feb. 4.—Considerable consterna-
tion was occasioned among a portion of the inhabi-
tants of High-street and its vicinity, in this town,
on the evening. of Thursday, by a report that a
foreigner, a Swiss by birth, named Philibert de
Chastellain, had shot himself through some disap-
pointment in a love affair. This gentleman, who was
known as Baron de Chastellain, had during the
last month or five weeks been lodging at the Eight
Bells Commercial Hotel, Church-street, one of
the many thoroughfares leading into High-street.
He came to Cheltenham to pursue an acquaintance
he had formed with the daughter of Mr. Skeolan,
a photographic artist, who has an establisament
here, their intimacy having first sprung up in Man-
chester, where the baron is well known. Since his
arrival, it is reported that he has repeatedly seen
the object of his attachment, but whether with her
parents' consent is not stated. It is publicly known,
however, that they have been present together at
private parties, and in every respect he has evinced
for her a most desperate passion. Latterly it has
been noticed by the landlady of the hotel where the
baron was staying that he Was at times much
depressed, and was seemingly full of trouble, and
exactly three weeks ago yesterday she was some-
what alarmed by his purchasing a pistol in the
town, which he showed to her on his return home.
With natural prudence and foresight she communi-
cated this circumstance to the Skeolans, and an
effort was made by Mr. Skeolan, jun., who was his
companion, to obtain the weapon from him, but
without success. Happening, however, one clay to
meet Mr. Skeolan's servant-maid, the baron himself
voluntarily gave up the pistol to her, it being then
loaded, and by her it was conveyed to her young
mistress (Miss Skcolan), in whose posseision it re-
mained until within a very short period of the
suicidal attempt: How it got back into the baron's
possession is not stated. Yesterday morning
he rose about nine o'clock,' and at one dined
at the market ordinary at the hotel. Soon after
dinner he retired to his bedroom, as was understood,
is order to prepare for his leaving Cheltenham,
whi:th he had previously said he was about to do.
In the course of the afternoon a -message was
brought to him by Miss Skeolan's servant-maid,
and by her delivered to him in his bedroom ; but
she had scarcely quitted the hotel before the in-
mates were alarmed by the bell in the baron's
apartment ringine. violently. A domestic imme- '
dihtely answered' it, and was horrified to dis-
cover that the baron had shot himself in the
chest, a pistol. being still on the bed. When
communicated with, he cried out, " I have
shot myself, but cannot die, Mary Jane," that
being Miss Skeolae's Christian name. Sur-
geons were immediately sent for, and every pos-
sible assistance rendered. Upon the clressing•
table at the side of the bed were numerous letters
all packed up, and supposed to be of an amatory
nature; beside 3 three which had just been written,
two being addressed to gentlemen in Paris and one
to Naples. They were sealed and had postage
stamps ready affixed for posting. There was, in
addition, also another letter, sealed, but not directed,
anci also lying upon the table was a portrait of the
young lady with 'some of the hair attached. The
most unremitting medical- attention had been
bestowed, but at present the condition of the baron
is almost hopeless. The pistol was charged with
shot, according to his own admission, and the
weapon was placed at the pit of the chest. It does
not seem, however, to have been in very close
proXimity to the heart.

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LA TV INTELLIGENCE.—Feb. 5.

COURT OF COMMON PLEAS.

Sittings in Banco.—(Before Lord Chief Justice
Cockburn, and Justices Williams, Crowder, and
Willes.)
JONES Y. WILLIAMSON-FALSE IMPRISONMENT.

This was an action to recover damages upon three
grounds—false imprisonment, malicious prosecu-
tion, and that the defcndanthad improperly caused
the plaintiff's house to be searched. The case vias
tried before Mr. Justice Crowder at Chester, whet'
his lordship ruled that there was no evidence upon
the last point, and that as to the second the defendant
had reasonable and probable cause for what he did.
As to the false imprisonment, the defendant pleaded
in justification that shortly before the giving into
custody, a certain person, to the defendant unknown
greatly resembling the plaintiff, had feloniously
stolen from his office a cashbox and £lOB in money.
That the plaintiff was near the premises about the
time, and had an opportunity of committing the
felony. That a person resembling the plaintiff was
seen coming clandestinely from the premises, car-
rying with him something resembling a cashbox.
That the plaintiff, after the felony, was examined
and gave unsatisfactory and untrue answers. Upon
these grounds the defendant suspected the plaintiff
of the felony. At the trial evidence was called,
which proved most of the facts in this plea, but it
was not proved that the plaintiff had given untrue
and unsatisfactory answers. His lordship, how-
, ever, ruled that the plea was not sufficiently proved.
It was now submitted that his lordship was wrong
in so doing, and further that the verdict for the
plaintiff was against the evidence upon the ques-
tion whether the defendant had given the plaintiff
in charge at all.
_ _

Mr. Morgan Lloyd appeared to show caul e
against a rule for a new trial, and Mr. 'Welsley raul.
Mr. M'lntyre to support the rule.
The Lord Chief Justice said it appeared that the
question whether the pica was proved or not had
not been prominently brought before the lerxned
judge at the trial, because the defendant's counsel
*was confident of a verdict . upon the plea of
not guilty. In this way it had happened that there
had been a miscarriage, for there was no doub t that
the, plea had been substantiully proved. There
must, therefore, be a new -trial.
Rule absolute.