The Sun.
London, England, 1866-10-27 00:00:00

Miscellaneous Americ in News.

The amount of internal revenue of the United
States for the first quarter of the current fiscal year,
which quarter closed on the 30th September—prac-

tically on the 29th, as the 30th fell on the Sabbath
—was $98,837,662.83. This is somewhat less than
was expected, because on some days the returns
were very great, but it is a fair amount.

Calculations are made that a year hence the grea,
Pacific Railroad west from Omaha will be corn.

pleted within 150 miles of Idalia, Colorado ter.

ritory.

Canadians are agitated by the sudden removal
of the seat of Government from Ottawa to Quebec,
notwithstanding the choice of the former location
by authority of the Queen.
The New York Tribune says :—" One of the most
painful tasks that could be given to Mr. Beecher
would be the careful reading of his own sermons.
flow shocked he would be to find in the volume for
1864 such passages as these :—" Any party that

permits peace to come until they have set God's
signet of indignation on this infamous war and in-
famous treason will themselves be guilty of that
war and that treason. And when peace is made
we mean that all nations shall understand how
hateful, unjust rebellion is, and how despicable on
earth among men, and in hell among the damned,
are those who turmoil a nation with blood and re-

volution. Now you can do what once you could
not have done. Once you would have sacrificed
the constitution if you had meddled with the loyal
institutions of the States, but when by their own
act the States have put themselves beyond the
pale of the constitution and its privileges, and
broken it, and we are obliged to go in with the
hand of authority and penalty, then we can do and
must do, and it is a crime not to do whatlo years ago
it would have been a crime to have done." In com-
paring his recent letters with these bold words who
will not feel sad at heart to think how easily the
preacher had forgotten his own preaching?
The commission to codify the laws, Messrs. Cush-
ing, James, and Johnson, has taken an office on 11
street, between Fourteenth and Fifteenth-streets,
New York, for the transaction of their official busi-
ness. The Commissioners are closely engaged read-
ing up the statutes in order to determine where to
begin upon the codification of the laws.
Infortnation has been received that General Alfred
Dockery, who had been selected without a dissent-
ing voice to represent the Union sentiment in the
meeting at Raleigh, has declined the nomination of
Governor of North Carolina. He advises the with-
drawal of all candidates for Congress who cannot
take the prescribed oath.
The following special order was issued Oct. 5 :--
"Navy Department, Washington, Oct. 4, 1866.—
The Department announces to the navy and marine
corps the death of Rear-Admiral Francis 11. Gregory.
He died at the city of New York at one o'clock this
morning, after an illness of a few hours, at the age
of 77. Though more than 70 years of age at the
commencement of the rebellion, Rear-Admiral Gre-
gory immediately applied for active service, and in
July, 1861, was ordered upon arduous and respon-
sible duty, which throughout the war he discharged
with signal zeal and ability, and in the closing up
of which he was engaged at the time of his death,
after more than 57 years of honourable service in
the cause of his country. As a mark of respect to
his memory it is ordered that at the New York
Navy Yard, on the day of his funeral, the flags be
hoisted at half-mast, and that 13 minute guns be
fired at meridian.—(Signed) GIDEON WELLES,
Secretary of the Navy."
Postmaster-Gcneral Randall has received from

Special Post-office Agent Laureuse a box contain-
ing specimens of mountain salt from the Pah Rage-
gat mining regions. They are fine, pure, and almost
transparent. One of the pieces shows the face of
the mountain from which all were taken. The other
pieces were taken from the surface. This salt comes
from a mountain of pure salt, several leagues in ex-
tent and several thousand feet in height. The
whole mountain is pure, and is so situated in the
extreme Southern part of Nevada, between the
115th and 116th degrees of west longitude. Mr.
Laureuse says these pieces are not sent as fair
specimens, but in his next trip to that region he
will undertake to procure a block of a foot square
of such transparency that a newspaper can be read
through it.
Commissioner Wilson, of the General Land-office,
has just received a
in communicationNl,chhifrhoemsaythseheShuard-
veyor-General of Colorado,
just returned from the newly-discovered copper and
lead mines, but had found the veins not sufficiently
developed to enable him to judge accurately of their
value. The copper occurs in the shape of boulders
imbedded in flur spar. These boulders are pure
carbonate of copper, of a fine quality. In some veins
the copper is bedded in a soft decomposed mass,
differing from the walls of the vein, and easily
worked with the pick. The crops on the plains had
been safely harvested, and were fully equal to an
estimate contained in a previous report of the Sur-
veyor-General as to the immense productiveness of
the country. At least four million acres can be cul-
tivated, and thus far the productiveness fully meets
the wants of the people.
°(SI
accountetess
delsenrilpVtiiteknes's Spirit of the Times there is an animated
15
French of a boat race at Cherbourg, in which
men-of-war's boats and one American
The American was the smallest of the
to,kaupdarpt.ulled but twelve oars to the Frenchmen's
sixteen ; the favourites startinc, being a barge
belonging to the Flandre (ironclad), and a cutter
belonging to Palace Napoleon's
oyf the
race, does
aerri winner,s, j un
a,
df thev,.ri
writes
snit navy, who steered
thnot convey a very elevated impression of the irench
code of honour as applied to boa`-racing. First

and foremost, the Flandre's barge tried hard to foul
him, and then a couple of the beaten boats cut off
a corner and endeavoured to mislead him out of the
course, but in both these disloyal attempts they
failed, and the American boat came in an easy win-
ner—a short ship's length ahead of the leading
French boat, which belonged to the Magenta. The
boats of the Flandre and of Prince Napoleon's
yacht were " nowhere." _ _

Bell's Life publishes an account of the murder of
a jockey named M'Keever, during a match at Chi-
cago between two celebrated trotting-horses named
Cooley and General Butler. Cooley, a Western
horse, was the favourite, and won the two first heats
easily. Then M•Keever, the owner of General
Butler, suspecting foul play, determined on dis-
placing the jockey by whom his horse had been
driven, and on driving the animal himself. The
result was that the General won the two next heats.
By the time the horses were ready to start for the
deciding heat it was almost dark ; the crowd of
roughs assembled was immense, and their excite-
ment indescribable ; for Cooley had been the fa-
vourite at the beginning and had been backed
heavily. The trotters started for the fifth heat.
Riley, the driver of Cooley, took the outside track
and was seen to bear hardly on General Butler, so
as to force his antagonist close to the inside railings
of the course. M'Keever's voice was heard shout-
ing to Riley to give him room, then came a crush
and a cry, and General Butler emerged out of the
darkness, and went steaming past the Grand Stand
without a driver, followed by Cooley, steadily driven
by Riley, who claimed the stakes. But it was soon
discovered that a trap had been successfully laid for
the driver of General Butler, by so arranging a
beam taken from a neighbouring fence that it should
strike him across the face as he raced close along
the inside of the course. The judge therefore de-
clared the race to be void, and Riley and two ac-
complices named Hickey were arrested on a charge
of murder. _

We take the following tabular statement of the
number of schools, teachers, and scholars in the
several Southern States, from the July " Report on
Schools and Finances of Freedmen," by the Rev.
J. W. Alvord, inspector, &c.

STATES.

Virginia —• •••
North Carolina •••
South Carolina ••.
Georgia.. ...
F10rida........
Alabama ...
Mississippi
Louisiana ...
Texas ... •••
Arkansas •••
Kansas... •••
Missouri ••• •••
Kentucky* ...
Tennesseo •••
Maryland ...
District of Columbia...

No. of No. of No. of
Schools. Teachers. Scholars.
123 200 11,781
119 135 9,084
75 148 9,017
79 113 7,792
38 51 9 663
-,
8 31 3,388
50 80 5,407
73 90 3,389
90 43 4,590
30 28 1,584
15 24 1,500
38 46 2,698
35 38 4,122
42 125 9,114
86 101 8,141
74 132 6,552

Total... ... 975 1,405
* Studies reported in only five schools.

907768

The Irish People, of the 22d of September, the
Fenian organ at New York, announces that a Mr.
David A. Sutton, a member of the committee ap-
pointed to inquire into and report upon the affairs
of Fenianism, has bolted, carrying with him to
England the papers of the society, which he pro-
poses to sell to the British Government. The Irish
People assures us that the papers thus abstracted
by Sutton contain information calculated to convict
many of our friends and associates at present in
Ireland, against whom there is merely a suspicion
of complicity in the Fenian movement. They also
contain such information as may lead to the arrest
and conviction of many of our friends in Ireland
and Great Britain who have not been even suspected
up to this. The " Registry and Address Book" of
the Fenian circles of America is also among the
documents missing from headquarters, and is said
to have been taken off by the absconder Sutton.
The latter may be of great use to our enemy, in
enabling him to estimate our numbers and resources.
The whole pile is, no doubt, well worth a handsome
sum of blood-money.
The New Fork Herald has brought out a sensa-

tion paragraph, associating Santa Anna and Colonel
Roberts, the Fenian chief, in a movement on Mexico.
The herald says the most remarkable circumstance
connected with the new movement is the fact that

the cunning old patriot has enlisted the powerful
aid of the Fenian Brotherhood. He had protracted
interviews with Roberts, Sweeny, and other Fenians,
and had laid matters in such a favourable light be-
fore them that these gentlemen have shut their eyes
to the advantages of Canada, and are now teach-
ing the Irish that Mexico is the country designed
by Providence as that best fitted for the develop-
ment and nurture of the Milesian race. The Fe-
nians are certainly directing their attention South
to the relief of Canada. Ridiculous as it appears
to us in this country that the road to Ireland lay
through Canada, the new route " via Mexico" ap-
pears still more absurd. The fact is, the necessity
for conciliating these filibusters will cease with the
elections when the American people will be in no
humour to tolerate these wicked designs against a
kindred people whom the tendency of events is to
draw into their own Union, and add to the stars on
their national flag.
The National Bank of Virginia has been de-
signated by the Secretary of the Treasury as a
depository for the Treasury, War, and Interior
Departments.
Frank Leslie's illustrated newspaper is filled with
spirited sketches of the Races at Jerome Park, New
York. Pictures are given of Mr. Jerome, founder
and proprietor of the park, and of " Kentucky,"
winner of the grand inauguration stakes. It is
pleasant to see a sport that has so strong a hold on
the English people taken up with such real earnest-

_ .
ness and enthusiasm by their American cousins.

We little doubt that many who lose their money by
Wall-street speculations will find a more pleasant
and less hazardous excitement in betting on the
event, and making up books, than in the degrading
employment of " bulling" and " bearing" the Stock
and Shares quoted on the Exchange.
Thomas Gorsuch, Esq., Assessor of Internal
Revenue, Fourth District of Maryland, tendered
his resignation, to take effect from the Ist of Oc-
tober, or from the time that his successor may be
appointed. The Frederick Examiner says—" His
reasons for resigning so lucrative a position is that
he cannot subscribe to the President's policy of
making treason respectable by handing the control
of the Government over to those who exerted their
utmost for four years to destroy it. All honour
to Mr. Gorsuch."

The Hon. Louis V. Bogy, of St. Louis, was ap-
pointed on the sth October Commissioner of Indian
Affairs, in place of Hon. S. N. Cooley, to take
effect on the Ist of next month. This appointment
is made in deference to the request of citizens of
St. Louis, who claim that the Commissioner of
Indian Affairs should be selected from among gen-
tlemen whose experience has enabled them to co.n-
prebend the interests of the Indian tribes ; and,
tphapasses besides,
sieosdt ihai
rtooi
usTguehrr
riett
od. r
Aohosautiissm.
tor saltot
siosafosttteandt eeodrb, uiansl
also,
nsooe,
some
s with
ong
other things, that contracts for transportation, &c.,
&c.,
have been made by the Indian Bureau with the
citizens of New York, to the exclusion of *Western
men who perform the work ; that the contractors
afterwards sub-let their contracts at greatly re-
ldaur cgeed a
opi
or iocoe st
ft on Ao lo iesys o
wu it hmo
uetn
r,
stkh
or
rs
treelka pocketing
r oaf
performing the stipulation of the contract.
E. W. Hilgard, the State geologist of Mississippi,
calls the attention of cotton planters to the necessity
of preserving the fertility of the cotton lands, and
the danger threatening their pursuit from the illu-
sory advantages held out to thcm by the manufac-
turers of cotton seed oil as an inducement for the
sale of their capital stock of fertility in the shape
of cotton seed. Were this mode of disposing of the
cotton seed to become general, and the exportation
of the oil cake to be continued as heretofore, the
cotton culture must languish, and finally disap-
pear from the South, as that of hemp and tobacco is
gradually retiring from what once were the best
lands of Kentucky and Virginia, and as grain cul-
ture has almost vanished from New England, only
much faster.
There are reports of great strikes of oil in West
Virginia, in the valley of Kanawha. Some wells
are said to be yielding fifteen hundred to two thou-
sand barrels a day. White Oak, Burning Springs,
and Standing Stone are the localities most to repute.

A railroad' is in course of construction, and the
Little Kanawha River is to be made navigable, by
locks and dams, to accommodate the increasing
business of the region. During the present year, up
to the 22d ult., the foreign export of petroleum
from the United States exceeded forty-two millions
of gallons. Last year, to the same period, it was
only 15,503,986 gallons, or a little over one-third
of this year's export.

A comparison of the September with the October
statement of the public debt shows a decrease of
twenty-two and a third millions—it now being
$2,578,367,000-00. The amount of coin in the
Treasury is over $86,000,000, or an increase of
$10,000,000, while the currency has decreased four-
teen and a third millic ns..
The following is a statement of the Public Debt of the
United States on the Ist of Oct., 1866:
Debt bJaring Coin Interest.
Fivepercent. Bonds ...... 6108,091,34.00
Six per cent bonds of

1867-68
Six p-r cent. bonds of
1881 283,738,750.00
Six per cent 5-20 Bonds 7!-)8,16-2,250.00
Navy Pension Fund
Total debt bearing coin

18,323,591.80

$1,310,065,911.81
Debt bearing Currency Interest
Six per cont. Bonds 58,922,000.00
Temporary loan
Three-year compound
interest notes
Three-year 7-30 notes 743,996,030.00
Total -- $930,930,190.00
Matured debt not presented for payment 23,302,372.14
Debt bearing No Interest.
United States notes 5399,165,292.00
Fractional Currency
Gold certificates of de-
posit

487,252,205.33

Total Debt 52,701,530,709.27
A mount in Treasury
Coin
Currency

128,213,767.59

Amount of debt, less cash in Treasury $2,573,336,911.68
The foregoing is a correct statement of the Public
Debt, as appears from 'the books and Treasurer's returns
in the department on the Ist of October, 1866.
HuGii M‘Ctu.Lour, Secretary of the Treasury.

The light at Sharp's Island, Chesapeake Bay,
formerly exhibited from the bluff, has been discon-
tinued, and a new structure on screw piles has been
erected in seven and a half feet of water ; mean tide
bearing N.W. one half W. ; distant one-third of a
mile from the bed light. The new structure was to
be lighted for the first time on the evening of Octo-
ber 20th, 1866. _

Every railway and express company out of Chi-
cago agree to transport Western offerings and col-
lections for the great Paris fair to New York, free
of expense. The Commissioner for Missouri says
Chicago will be the headquarters for the North-
west, entering everything there for transportation
or shipment. Part of the collections of Illinois were
on exhibition at the Chicago fair. It is stated that
public interest in that section is much excited on
this important subject.
We learn from Rhode Island that the Mount
Hope coal mines at Portsmouth are employing 100
men, and producing 16,000 tons of coal per year.
The main shaft has been sunk 1,265 feet, and
another about one-half that distance. A copper
mine in the immediate vicinity employs 30 men,

and produces 1,200 tons of copper per year. Some
of the ore yields 60 per cent of pure copper. The
Manufacturers' National and State banks of Provi•
deuce have declared 4 per cent. semi-annual divi-
dends, and the Liberty Bank of that city one of
3f per cent. The Horse Associations of Boston,
Hartford, and Providence have decided to combine
their efforts, and to hold a union horse fair at the
latter city on Monday, October 22, and continuing
three days. The proposed second fair at Hartford
will consequently be given up.
REV. MR. VAN METER.—We are glad to notice
that this American clergyman, who has accomplished so
much good by the establishment of the Howard Mission
in New York, is now in London. We understand that he
is interesting influential parties here on behalf of his work
—the free education of neglected children (many of them
horn in Europe', and their location in suitable homes at the
West, in America.
A monument, sixty feet high, of Scotch granite,
and to cost $25,000, is about to be raised to Colonel Colt,
inventor of the "Colt revolver."

The Peabody Institute, a splendid marble build-
ing presented to the city of Baltimore by Mr. George
Peabody, is to be dedicated on the 25th inst.
The personal property of General Lee has been
restored to him.'

We regret to record the death of the Hen.
Abraham Hanson, Commissioner and Consul-General fur
the United States to Liberia, which took place on the 20th
July last. Ile had resided at Mouravia for the last four
years. The first two as commercial agent, and for the last
two as Commercial Agent and Consul-General, represent-

ing his own Government with great ability and impar-
tiality. Ho exerted himself to extend and strengthen

friendly relations between Liberia and the United States,
and to promote the welfare and happiness of the coloured
man, both in Africa and out of it.
Senator Patterson and Mrs. Patterson, son-in-
law and daughter of the President, were to leave on Sa-
turday, Oct. 26, for their home in Tennessee, there to re-
main for two or three weeks.

A telegram from New Orleans states that 11PIver,
the Knight of Arabia, now in the military prison in that
city, has made a confession, implicating prominent per-
sons in tho South.
Charles P. Kimball has been appointed Surveyor
of Customs for the Districts of Portland and Falmouth,
Maine.

The President, Oct.:, made the following ap-
pointments :—Francis A. Hall, Register of Land Office at
Monroe, Louisiana ; James F. M'Guire, Receiver of Public
Moneys &c., at Monroe, Louisiana ; Samuel T. Williams,
of Maryland, -United States Consul at llamburgb.
The numerous anxious friends of the Marquis de
Montholon, whose son was supposed to have been
captured and executed by the Liberals in Mexico, will be
gratified to learn that letters received from the young
man on October 5 giNe evidence of his entire safety.
NAVAL. Rear-Admiral Dahlgren has been
ordered to take passage from New York on the Ist of De-
cember, to command the South Pacific squadron.
We have reason to believe that 11.R.R. the
Prince of Wales will commence his journey to St. Peters-
burg on Monday, the sth of November, en route to be
present at the marriage of his sister -in-law, the Princess
Dagmar to the Czarewitch.
Edmund Kirke and Julia Ward Howe are to be
editors of the new magazine about to be published in New
York.

Mr. Edwin- Bates, Attorney-General under Mr.
Lincoln's administration, is rapidly declining in health,
and it is feared he cannot long survive.

THE UNITED STATES TREASURY.—The IVew

York Times editorially says :—" Secretary 111‘Culloch has
just given to the public another most encouraging exhibit
of the national indebtedness. They show a net liquida-
tion of $22,346,226 during the month of September; of
$96,951,425 since June Ist, 1866 ; and of $184,916,334
since August Ist, 1865, when the debt was largest. The
net indebtedness of the country, August Ist, 1865, was
$2,757,253,276 ; October Ist, 1863, it was $2,753,336,942 ;
net liquidation in fourteen months, $183,916,334. Thus it
appears that the debt has been cancelled at the monthly
rate of over $13,000,000 since August 1, 1865. It is quite
confidently anticipated that this rate of liquidation can be
easily maintained until the public burdens shall have been
reduced to moderate proportions, and until the legal pri-
vileges of premature redemption of the interest bearing
bonds and notes shall have been exhausted. Through the
summer and early autumn of the current year, the progress
of liquidation has been very rapid, having averaged over
twenty-four millions a month." We read intthies Newmn morning,
li-norgk,
World of the 6th :—" The official statement of the public
debt on the Ist of October, which we print
shows that its amount on that day, less cash in the Trea-
sury, was $2,573,336,941. Going back two months, and
comparing this with the corresponding statement made on
the Ist August, we find there has been a reduction of
$59,762,335, or about $60,000,000 in sixty-one days. At
this surprising rate the whole debt would he extinguished
in loss than seven years. It is obvious that the rate of
reduction will be rapidly accelerated as the debt approaches
extinction, inasmuch as large sums now annually paid to
keep down the interest will then go towards the
ligttida-
of the principal."
COST Or A CRIMINAL—In iNfassachusei,ts it cost
some $lOO to support a person in gaol. The productive
period of life is usually reckoned as 55 years—from 15 to
70. It would cost the community at this rate $22,000 to
support a person in gaol during the productive period of
life. Nor is this all. For, if the same person is transferred
from the dangerous to the productive class, and earns an
average of $l2 per week, bis earnings for the same period
will be $34,320. This makes a difference, in the produc-
tive period of a single person, of $56,320. The loss does
not stop even here. For, while parents are in gaol, their
children are either vagrants or paupers—learning to become
criminals at a present cost to the public. To repress crime
wo must begin at the beginning, and use every effort to
save the children. Let every city look well to this duty.
It will pay, from whatever point of view we look at it.
The financial gain in saving the children of the street is
great, but the moral and spiritual gain is greater still.—
Watchman and Reflector.

STATE OF TRADE.

MANCHESTER, Oct. 26.—A telegram from New
York received in Liverpool this morning reporting
" a killing frost" has not had much effect here, nor
apparently at Liverpool, though early accounts of
the cotton market indicate a heavy speculative
movement. In shipping yarns our market has
been rather better to-day, and some little business
has been done at a slight advance on what could
have been obtained at the depressed state of prices
yesterday. We have certainly less depression at
the close than we have had for some days past. The
market for home-trade yarns has been very quiet
for all numbers. In these the firm feeling at Liver-
pool does not seem to have Catl33l more business,
though it may have been a check to the downward
tendency of prices to some extent. Iu cloth the mar-
ket was quiet from Tuesday, and the subdued tone
of the cotton-market yesterday further depressed
prices. To-day, unler the intiaence of a better feel-
ing at Liverpool, we have had a little more disposition
to do business. There has been a fair inquiry for
India shirtings, and some offers have been made,
but at rates too low to lead to business. Manufac-
turers fail to get up their prices to the rates of yarn
—say, to within 6d. per piece. The short-time move-
ment is progressing among manufacturers, so as to
promise a large decrease in production. Spinners
are following the same course. In the district of
Lees and Mossley alone it is expected a million
spindles will be on short time next week. Messrs.
J. Fender and Co.'s monthly circular of yesterday
from India and China, via Marseilles, says : " Our
last circular was dated the 9th inst., when this
market was generally pretty firm, but not active, nor
at all in correspondence with the movement in
Liverpool. Throughout the whole fortnight since
we may say that business has been on the most
limited scale, and this state of things continues,
with somewhat lower prices, and these, of necessity,
to a large extent nominal." The same circular
quotes China shirtings in very light demand—
standard makes quoted, 39in, 71b, 11s 9d to 12s ;
811 b, 14s 3d to 14s 9d ; T-cloths in rather- better
demand, but chiefly for nearer markets at is 5d to
'is Sid per lb; medium Mexicans, is 7d, and best
makes is 9d. India shirtings, 39in, 511 b, 8s 9d
to Os 3d ; 61b, 10.3 to lOs 3d ; 71b, lls 3d to 12s ;
wide shirtings, is 8d to is 9d per lb. T-cloths,
29in, 41b, 5s 9d to 6s lid; 32in, 51b, 7s 3d to 7s 9d;
61b, 8s 3d to 9s ; 71b, lOs to 10s 6d. Long-cloths,
Is Sid to is Gd per lb. Grey Madapollams, 32in,
31b, 5s lid to 5s 3d ; 50in, 511 b, Os to Os
3d. Green-end mulls, sales at Gs 6d to Gs 4id.
Yarns rose about Id. per lb. between the 9th and
16th inst., but the advance not being generally fol-

[owed by buyers, was soon lost. At present there

is eonsiderable depression, and short-time working
having been resorted to by a few large spinners is
on the increase.

Smo'iins in a Railway C Arriage.

Yesterday Mr. Lewis Lovinsky, 1, Portland-cottages,
Forest-hill, who described himself as a colour and bronze
merchant, appeared before Mr. Elliott at the Lambeth police
court to answer a summons charging him with assaulting
Mr. Thomas Adams, of Grove-villas, Forest-hill, and 5,
Duke-street, Adelphi, merchant, in a railway carriage. A
cross summons had also been taken out by Mr. Lovinsky
against Mr. Adams for an alleged offence on him by that
gentleman. Mr. Lewis, jun., of Ely-place, attended on
behalf of the defendant, and during the hearing of the case
the court was much crowded by the friends of both parties.
The investigation occupied the magistrate for nearly an
hour, and the evidence was taken at great length, but the
brief facts were these. On the morning of the 12th inst.,
the defendant and several of his friends travelled by a third
class train from Forest-hill to London-bridge, and imme-
diately after entering the carriage commenced smoking.
Mr. John Baddely, an elderly gentleman, and solicitor, com-
plained of the excess of smoking, when the defendant, Mr.
Lovinsky, said be had the privilege of the directors of the
company (the Loudon, Brighton, and South Coast R tilway)
in his pocket, and that nothing but an order from the chair-
man should prevent his doing so. Mr. Baddeley replied that
his only privilege was his assumption, for that smoking
was contrary to the rules and regulations of the lino, but
the defendant and his friends still coatinuid to smoke.
At this point Mr. Adams, who was also a pasanger in the
same compartment, interfered, and sail it was a great
shanie that the stroking should be continu Jd to the an-
noyance of the gentleman woo had just complained, when
Mr. Loviusky exclaimed,. " oa, does it annoy you too ?"
11r. Adams replied " Yes, and there is none bat a -
foreigner would attempt to do it." Mr. Lovinsky re-
torted by saying that a foreigner was quite as good
as a " Seotchnen." Mr Adams said he should
have him put out of the carriage at Now-cross. The
defendant asked him if he could turn him out, and
getting up and leaning quite close to him, said it would
take half-a-dozen like him to do so. At this time his

hands and face were quite close to his person, so close that
Mr. Adams was obliged to put his hands to his chest to
push him away, and instantly, defendant let fly, hit com-
plainant a desperate blow on the nose, which knocked the
skin off, and g tve Mr. Adams a black eye. Mr. Adams
threw off his hat, and had partly got his coat off to fight it
out in the carriage, bat the parties present prevented any
more blows. Mr. Adams expressed his determination to
give Mr. Lovinsky into custody at London-bridge station.
On the train reachingthere, and before it had quite stopped,
the defendant jumped out and ran away, and on the com-
plainant's attempting to follow him the friends of the de-
fendant prevented his doing so for some time. His cries
of stop him—stop that man," caused one of the railway
servants to follow him from one railway station to the
other, where ho stopped, and he brought him back to the
station master. The parties want from there to the police
station, but there the inspector on duty refused to take the
charge, and getting the names and addresses of each left
them to adopt what course they thought proper. On the
case for the complainant closing, Mr. Lewis addressed the
magistrate, and said that the whole affair was very much
to be regretted ; admitted that his client had, under strong
provocation, and having himself been assaulted first, struck
the complainant; and suggested whether it would not be
much better for the parties to settle the matter without
calling on his worship for his judgment. Mr. Elliott, how-
ever, directed the case to go on, and the parties changed
places. Mr. Lovinsky, when sworn, said Mr. Adams had
given him a violent blow with his clenched fist before he
struck him. He also said that his object in getting out so
quickly at the London-bridge station was to procure the
assistance of a metropolitan policeman to give Mr. Adams
into custody for the assault, but hearing the cry of "stop
thief," he was glad to hide himself so that he might not be
seen. In reply to the questions of his solicitor, he said
that his reason for saying that he had the privilege of the
directors for smoking arose from the fact of the chairman
of the Brighton company having stated in his speech at a
recent meeting, that the second and third class carriage
passengers were privileged to smoke, and that he (the wit-
ness) had road the speech. He (Mr. Lovinsky) further said
that himself and his friends travelled by the third class
carriages on purpose that they might smoke. Mr. Elliott
here remarked that he could not see why the passengers in
a second or third class carriage wore to be annoyed by
smokers any more than the first, and called Mr. Carpenter,
a respectable officer of the company, who said that, by the
rules of the company, no such privileges were allowed to
the second or third class carriages any more than the first.
Four or five witnesses were called on the part of the com-
plainant in the second case, and all except one swore that
Mr. Adams gave Mr. Lovinsky a violent blow on the chest
before the latter retorted, by a violent blow on the eye and
nose. Mr. Elliott said that in all cases in railway car-
riages he held that they should be subjected to a search-
ing investigation, with the view of ascertaining the real
offenders, and therefore it was that he felt it necessary to
go into the present investigation at great length. He much
regretted to see on the part of the apparently respectable
witnesses called on behalf of the last complainant a dis-
position to exaggerate that which really took place, and
magnify a mere push into a violent blow on the chest with
the clenched fist, and a cry of " Stop him" into one of
" Stop thief." In fact, it was not at all difficult to say on
which side the truth lay, and that the conduct of Mr.
Lovinsky was highly improper in committing so violent
an assault, and for which assault he must pay a penalty of
£5, or be imprisoned for a month. The penalty was at
once paid.

• The Pall Mall Gazette remarks :—" According to
the New York Times, a paper called the Sunbeam has just
been started by the convicts iu the State prison at Trenton,
New Jersey. In the absence of communication with the
outer world, we presume the convicts fill their paper en-
tirely with original articles and poems. POO3 the estab-
lishment of a paper by convicts in America prove that the
intellectual condition of the people generally is superior to
the English, or that more clever people get into prison on
the other side of the Atlantic than in this country ?

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