The Sun.
London, England, 1859-09-27 00:00:00

Commence at 7 o'clock:

CANTERBURY HALL CONCERTS.-
il EVERY EVENING.—The Music of Verdi's Opera of
MACBETH (now first made public in England at these Con-
lefts), the extraor .inary Violin Performances of the cele-
Lrated Lnfa.nt DELErIERItt: FAMILY, and the usual
Vocal Conce, t.

Comic Vocalists - Messrs. George Trolson (the Trish Come-
dian and Mimic), W. 1. Critchtield, and E. W. 3lackney.
- - '

Several Interestinq'Pietures are added to the Fine Arts
Gallery. The suite of Halls have been re-decorated and
beautified, and constitute one of the most unique and brilliant
sights of the metropolis.

Will shortly be produced. a grand Se7ection from Meyer-
beeea,new opera of DINNORA.

THE WEATHER.—SUN Orinca, SEPTEMBER 27.
THERMOMBTER7 TAT THE SHADE.
65—highest since noon yesterday.
57—lowest this morning and during the night.
59—this day at noon.

BA.nparr.Turc.-30.09.
WIND, variable; North in the morning, now Southerly;
light, with dull weather. It rained heavily yesterday
afternoon for some hours, and again this morning early.

lIIGII WATER AT LONDON BRIDGE.
THIS DAY.-3lorning, Ih. 57m.—Afternoon, 2h. 17m
To-Moartow-Morning, 2h. 37m.—Afternoon, 2h. 57m

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1 4.4 A 93. ,
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THE -SUN.
TUESDAY, SEPTEMBER 27, 1859.

--_,.,,___--.

Cabinet Councils have usually been very shy
birds at this sporting season of the year ; and their
frequency of late seems to indicate either a coming
storm or making a clearance of the wreck of the
past. In either case we must be thankful that Mini-
stereare at their post, and duly comprehend the
"situation" of our affairs. No one will doubt the
extreme gravity of their meetings, all things con-
sidered.

The late make-believe decree in the 111oniteur for
removing the shackles on the Press is now rescinded
in effect. We thought it too good to be true, and
so did the more cautious portion of the French
Press, for they abstained from saying anything
positive on the " avowedly " frank boon. The
reign of NAPOLEON the THIRD has not yet taken
sufficiently deep root to allow the sportive leaves of
mind to flutter in the breeze of liberty. He has
but half tried the experiment, and seems frightened
at the partial consequence. Without a free press
no nation can be considered free. The French feel
this too acutely to express the agony of
their soul. But the day of their redemp-
tion is near, for slavery and freedom can
no more co-exist than light and darkness. We
believe that the Emperor NAPOLEON would eman-
cipate the press if he thought himself safe in so
doing. But his fears prevent him. He feels
"perplexed in the extreme," and back recoils

" Even at the wrongs himself had made."
Now, this seems to be true poetical, if not political,
justice. lie feels like the man hanging on the
verge of a precipice—to hold on much longer is
impossible, but to let go is death.
The news respecting the Congress or the Con-
ferences at Zurich are much the same as before.
Everything seems to be at it standstill. Austria,
true to her destiny, will not budge a bit— nor give
up her darling Dukes but with her life. She will
even tempt her fate in another and, we hope, a final
despotism, and perish in the
struggle to uphold her
rash adventure.

It remains to be seen how far (if at all) British
interests may have been affected prejudicially in
Japan, by the tidings of the disastrous Conflict upon
the Peiho river, when the prowess of the seamen of
England was compelled for once to succumb to the
furious onslaught of a Chinese ambuscade. The
instinctive feeling immediately. upon the receipt
here of, the intelligence of this ma:cicrous attack
was that the prestige of the Anglo-Saxons could
hardly fail to be militated against in Asia, and for
that matter it could hardly fail to be so equally
throughout the entire Archipelago. The commer-
cial treaty of peace secured by the Earl of ELGIN
and KINCARDINE, at Nagasaki—a treaty solemnly
signed by INIIDZITO TSIKFO-GONO • KA-MI, NAGAI
,GEIIRANO- SINANO No KAIII-,
ROM °RI-BRNO KAM', IWASE HIGONO KAMI,
ISITISA HA.-uzABIEO, the Japanese Plenipotentiaries
—was coml)leted only, it may be retlembered, upon
the very rrtorrow, so to speak, of that more memo
rable day i ipon which seemingly the barriers were
at last bro ken down, which had hitherto separated
the two g reat moieties of the human race—the

Chinese to the number of about 400,000,000, and
the rest of the inhabitants of the globe to the num-
ber of about 500,000,000. It can hardly have failed
to reach the knowledge of the Japanese, before the
arrival of Lord ELGIN, that the Government of the
Celestial Empire had, immediately prior to the
coming towards themselves of that western nego-
tiator, yielded to the blandishments of his diplomatic
advances. It is scarcely less beyond belief that the
knowledge of Lord ELGIN'S successful mission
to the Chinese materially tended to facilitate his
subsequent negotiations with the Japanese. Nor
can it be doubted that the tidings coming so soon
afterwards to Yeddo and Nagasaki—descriptive of
the ineffectual attack by the British gunboats upon
the Chinese fortifications—will be anything rather
than calculated to render the people and the rulers
of Japan ready to accord to the English a respectful
obserefance of Regulations, which the Japanese
people and Government may now for the moment
deem probably to have been only too precipitately
conceded. We can only conjecture the probabilities
of the Future by the light of actual knowledge
and positive experience gained in the past. Guided
thus in our conjectures in regard to the probable
development of our relations with the Japanese, it
should be borne in remembrance what were the
preconceived notions popularly entertained among
that people in reference to ourselves, almost imme-
diately prior to ithe diplomatic exploits achieved
now only a few months since, nearly simultaneously
in China and Japan, by the Earl of ELGIN and
KINCARDINE. One of the most intelligent of recent
English voyagers in those seas has afforded a
timely glimpse, as it happens, upon this precise
subject—enabling us to estimate directly what was
really, as it were, but the other day, the belief in
Japan as to the power of the British Empire and as
to the character, generally speaking, of Englishmen.
The information here referred to is that col-
lected by Mr TRONSON, of the Royal Navy, and
lately submitted by him to the English reading
public in a personal narrative of a voyage to
Japan, Kamschatcha, Siberia, Tartary, and various
parts of the Coast of China, in H.M.S. Barracouta.
The Barracouta was one of the vessels in Admiral
STIRLING'S squadron, cruising about in those re-
mote waters in 1854, during the very period when
the forces of the Allies and those of Russia were
contending under the walls of Sebastopol. Then it
was that we learn what were really the views en-
tertained in regard to England by the Japanese
population. Mr. TRONSON tells us upon this head
distinctly- as follows :—" A plain-spoken official
said, that he understood that England was a very
small country in the western seas, strong by sea,
and that the natives lived by plundering the ships
of peaceable nations, and compelling all to pay
tribute. We took considerable pains to enlighten
our ignorant friend, and to explain by maps the
outlines and resources of the British Empire; 'nu-
merating the various peoples acknowledging the
sway of Queen VICTORIA ; and adding that Eng-
land's mission was to proclaim peace and good will
towards all, to defend the right and protect the weak,
to promote civilisation over, the globe, and to relieve
the oppressed. He remarked that all we said was
very good, but why go to war with Russia; Eng-
land and France against one power ? I said that
we did not wish' for war with Russia, but that
Turkey being a weak power and an old ally, it
was necessary to protect her. He had heard of
England's work in the cauee of the African slaves,
and said that our QUEEN'S heart must be good and
large. lle next inquired of France. I told
him of her vast military resources, her people,
progress, laws, and of her energetic ruler. He
could not reconcile to his mind the fact of the
different languages of Franco and England,
when separated by such a narrow piece of
water." Those contemptuous views which were
previously entertained in regard to England by the
Japanese may now probably be reverted to as the
more accurate, justified, as they may seem to be, by
the accounts they will in all likelihood have received
by this time from the mainland of the Asiatic con-
tinent as to the sanguinary discomfiture of the
British armament upon the Peiho from the cannon-
balls and arrows and rifle-bullets showered upon
them from behind the despited Chinese fortifica-
tions. It may seem to the Japanese that England
is in truth that " very small country iu the western
sea" which she was believed to be in 1854, even
by offeials at Yeddo and Nagasaki—and that the
English sailor's counterstatements as to " the out-
lines and resources of the British Empire" were, after
all, nothing better than mere bounce, whatever may
be the equivalent for that phrase in the Japanese ;
for we make no doubt at all but that they have an
equivalent for it both at Yeddo and at Nagasaki.
Doubts will, moreover, in all probability, creep into
the Japanese mind as to whether England really is,
after all, as " strong by sea " as the Japanese, even
in their contemptuous view of England-and-the-
English, had conceived. It will be known as a
matter of certainty that the gunboats were driven
back from the forts on the Peiho, that two of them
were sunk or otherwise destroyed, that the killed and
wounded on the part of " the English" numbered
not far short of five hundred ! That the supposed
strong Government of France had" only one vessel
there in the cenflict—and a force on board of her
so small that after all the hours of firing there were
only fourteen hors de combat. It will probably be
hushed up, or, if known, it will be discredited that
double the number of the killed and wounded
among the allies afloat upon the waters, but more
particularly aground upon the dreadful mud-banks
of the Pehio—that, in fact, 1,000 of the Chinese
had been wounded or destroyed, even behind the
shelter of their formidable fortifications. Every
reflection, indeed, combines to assure us of the
imperative necessity there is both for France and
for England—but more, particularly for the latter,
bearing in mind- the vastly superior magnitude of
our mercantile transactions and the immense stake
we have at hazard there in the East in our vast
empire of Mndostan—the absolute and imperative
necessity there is for counteracting the ill effects
which must inevitably have been wrought in dug
regard throughout the Asiatic races, wrought, we
mean, in a single day by that one sanguinary dis-
comfiture by the Chinese of the armed force of the
allies in attendance on the English and French
Ambassadors. A demonstration, it is obvious,
there now must be on the part of England and on
the part of France—a demonstration in the Chinese
waters such as . shall far more than restore the
prestige of French and English in the whole eastern
part of this eastern hemisphere. A retribution
must forthwith be wreaked by the outraged majesty
of two greatest '
nations of the world upon that
reczeeant, and insensate, and brutal, and barbarous
nation of the Chinese—a retribution so swift, so
complete, and so astounding, that it shall glare for
evax, like the outbursting of a political volcano, in
thei memory of both Chinese and Japanese, that it
fzimill flame henceforth like a lurid beacon of Warn-
ing down the long perspective of the Asiatic
rem embrance.

iVJ7ILDNESS OF THE SEASON.—Mr. W. Nicholson,
of G. ill, in Netherwasdale, has an apple tree which bore an
exce:dent crop of fruit this season, and was "pulled" about
a foz tnight ago. The same tree has again budded, and is
now in full bloom, and very muchadmired by nil who have
sce4 it.—Carlisle Patriot.

THE CAUSE O 1 CENTRAL ITALY.

TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUN,

SIR, We have received from Lord Shaftesbury
the enclosed letter, which we beg you will insert in
the columns of your esteemed journal.'How the
notion that Mr. Avesani and his colleagues were
asking anything of Englishmen, first suggested
itself to the Times, we are at a loss to imagine.
We did no more than receive the offers made by
several Englishmen in favour of• Central Italy. It
is even saying too much that we received these
offers ; we only asked Lord Shaftesbury to take
the initiative in forming a committee to accept
them.

Certainly, if even this creates a schism—if there
is no unanimity—we will not persist any longer.
We are, Sir, yours, &c.,
G: F. AVESANI. B. FABBRICOTTI,
SOHN B. ROCCA. L. SERENA.
G. DEVINCENZI.

ST. GiLES' HOUSE, SEPT. 23.

Gentlemen,—Allow me to thank you for having
so received my advice, and acted in conformity
with it.

I cannot, I am sorry to say, yet think that the
people of England are disposed to show their sym-
pathy in the way suggested. That they have a
deep and earnest sympathy I cannot doubt, but I
have not ascertained the mode of expression they
would prefer.
To attempt to elicit their co-operation in a way
they do not like, would expose the effort to imme-
diate, and perhaps irremediable failure. This I
should deeply deplore—not for your sakes, because
your cause is so manifestly the interest of the
human race, that, under God's blessing, it will
prosper at last, with or without the Emperor of
the French, with or without the people of England
—but I should deplore it for the honour of my own
country, which would, undeservedly, be subjected
to much reproach; and I cannot bear that, even
for a moment, she Should be supposed to be indif-
ferent.

Though the arguments urged against the move-
ment seem to be wanting in force, I see that the
time is not favourable. If these things are not
taken up at once and by acclamation, they cannot
succeed; they are more matters of feeling than of
logic.

I counsel you to wait awhile. Other events
may cause other views, and furnish you with a
larger choice of men to aid and direct you.

I am, Gentlemen, y:.;ur sincere friend,
SHAFTESBURY.
Messrs. Avesani, Rocca, and others.

ADELPIJI THEATRE.

The winter campaign at this house commenced last night,
and the pieces played were the farce, "Good for Nothing ;"
the 'petite drama, "One Touch of Nature; " the burlesque,
"The Babes in the Wood;" and a new farce, called "Love and
Hunger." Of the first three, it is only necessary to say that
the farce and burlesque were greeted with great laughter
and applause, and that the receptions given to Mr. Toole,
Mrs. Mellon, Miss Kelly, Mr. Paul Bedford, and other
members of the company, were sufficient to prove that they
have lost none of their attractiveness in the eyes of the
habitues of the theatre. Mr. Toole was specially well re-
ceived; arid his acting in the burlesque was even more droll
and humorous than usual. He was ably supported by
Miss Kate Kelly, whose admirable make up and absurd
yet truthful personation of the rude little girl are perfect of
.their kind. The success that attended the second repre-
sentation of " One Touch of Nature" fully confirms the
opinion that was pronounced of it when originally produced.
Mr. Webster's acting in the piece is a masterpiece, and .
those who desire to study one of ,the most artistic persona-
tions of the modern stage should not miss the opportunity
of witnessfng this piece. From first to last Mr. Webster's
impersonation is in thorough keeping, and the happy mix-
ture of pathos, simplicity, and humour which he infuses
into the part alternately arouse the sympathies and the
,laughter.of the audience. The new farce, " Love and
Hunger," is from the practised pen of Mr. T. M. Morton,
and it evidences all those traits which are to be met within
hi s pieces a careful knowledge of the requirements of the st age,
ahappy management of the plot, and dialogue which, if not
strictly humorous or witty, is at all times neat and telling
The principal part is played by Mr. David Fisher, who
makes his first appearance at the Adelphi, and the charac••
ter is one exactly suited to his capabilities; it is cast in the
mould of those clever, eccentric, creations of farce life which
Mr. Charles Mathews for so long a period claimed as pecu-
liarly his own. Cool as cucumbers, adroit in address,
jauntily impudent, and charmingly vivacious, these per-
sonages are always agreeable to encounter on the stage, and
certainly in the hands of Mr. Fisher they lose none of their
pleasantry. Mr. Paul Bedford. Mr. Selby, Miss Kate
Kelly, Miss Laidlaw, and Mrs. Chatterley, by their acting,
severally contributed to the success of the piece. The farce
was received with much applause, and at its conclusion,
Mr. David Fisher, in ansver to a call for the author, an-
nounced the piece for repetition every evening. The
excellent. Adelphi drama, "The Willow Copse," will be
revived on Thursday next. •

In compliance with a wish expressed by Govern,
ment the next mails for Calcutta and China, via Marseilles,
will be delayed one day; they will be made up in London
this evening, instead of yesterday. The object of this
delay is to allow replies to be sent to the important corre-
spondence expected in London from China.
DEATH OF VISCOU T ST. YIN CEN T.—Vie have
to announce the death of the venerable Viscount St. Vin-
cent, one of the oldest members of the House of Peors. His
lordship expired on Sunday morning latt, at Meaford-hall,
his seat in Staffordshire, in the 93d year of his age.

The Chinese exchanges in the telegram of yester-
day show an adverse movement of about 11 per cent. both
at Hongkong and Shanghai.

• The cable of the Mediterranean Extension Tele-
graph Company from Malta to Sicily hes been successfully
submerged, and the line is now open for the transmission
of messages.

According to the latest telegrams from St. Peters-
burgh, the new financial project of the Russian Govern-
ment has not had any influence on the quotations of ex-
change.
THE QUEEN'S VISIT TO THE GREAT EASTERN.—
We are informed that the Great Eastern will arrive at
Holyhead on the 12th of October, and that on the 15th the
Queen and royal family will leave Glasgow, arriving the
same evening at Penryhn Castle, near Bangor, the seat of
the Hon. Colonel Douglas Pennant, M.P. On Sunday the
Queen will attend Divine service at Bangor Cathedral.
On Monday, the 17th, the royal visit to the Great Eastern
will take place at Holyhead. The public will not be ad-
mitted to view the Great Eastern before the Queen's visit,
but she will be on exhibition for a fortnight after that event.
In the course of the second week of the Great Eastern's
stay at Holyhead a magnificent banquet will be given to
the directors by the directors of the London and North-
Western Railway Company.—Manchester Guardian.
FALMOUTII.—The Dut ch schooner Pelikaan, from
Alexandria, which arrived in this port yesterday, was fired
into while passing Tarifa on the 24th ult. The master (J.
G. Jansonius) reports that at 9 a.m. on that day, while his
crew were engaged taking in their fore and aft foresail, a
cannon shot, fired from the fort, struck down two of his
men, the ball passing completely through both their bodies.
Their shattered remains were soon after collected and,com=
mitted to the deep. The Pelikaan had no colours flying at
the time, and Captain Jansonius and his wife were on deck
when the outrageous circumstance occurred.

PLYMOUTH, Saturday.—The Lord Dalhousie, 912
tons,'Captain T. J. Markham , chartered by her Majesty's
Emigration CommiSsioners, under directions from the Horse
to aarcTh sailed' to-day for Calcutta, with six•inarried couples,
157 married women, four single men, eicht single women,
92 boys between the ages of 1 and 12, 102 girls between the
same ages, and two female infants—making a total of 371
souls, equal to 272 statute adults, under charge of Surgeon
Superintendent John G. Winstone, aided by the services of
a suitable matron, and a few married 'soldiers who will act
as'constables. The passengers consisted of the Wives and
childran of the soldiers belonging to the 19th, 20th, 3 ith,
80th, and 90th Regiments, now serving in India,
from whom they have been separated since thm breaking
out of the Mutiny.

FIRE AT ROTHERIIITIIE.—Yesterday morning
about three o'clock a fire broke out in the extensive range
of pinnises belonging to Messrs. Burdot and Co., the pro-
priutor,' of the Rotherhithe Oil Mills, situate. at Ordnance-
wharf, Rotherhithe-street. The flames rose so high as to
be distincly seen all over the metropolis. This caused a
general turn out of engines.. By the time this powerful
Three arrived the whole of the engine and boiler houses, ex.-
iNading in one direction 60 feet and 24 feet wide, were in a
blaze. The mill room, another building about SO feet long
and about 21 feet broad, had become ignited, and the spa-
cious warehouses had also taken fire. The brigade la-
boured in a most praiseworthy manner, but they were un-
able to get the flames extinguished until a serious amount
of property was destroyed. The official report describes the
fire to have originated from the overheating of a flue.
ACCIDENT TO TIIE EARL OF SHREWS:BURY:AND
COLONEL TAYLOR, M.P.—On Friday night the Earl of
Shrewsbury, accompanied by Colcnel Taylor, 'M.P., and
Captain :Oo Winton,, of the Life Guards, after attending the
review of Staffordshire Yeomanry Cavalry at Lichfield
and diniti,, in th^ city, left on their return to Ingestrc-hall,
near Staerd. The night was very dark, and the party in
a plucton, and the Earl of Shrewsbury, after getting a
few miles•from Lichfield, acc:dentally drove the horses and
carriage against a bank, by which the horses were thrown
and the whole party caps:zed. • The earl and Colonel Taylor
were throWn on their heads, providentially escaping without
;,•erious injury, his lordship being much shaken, and Colonel
'Lrylor sustaining some contusion:, about his face. Captain
De Winton and the groom were unhurt. Fresh horses and
a vehteL, were, after some delay, procured from Lichfield,
by which his lordship and friends were conveyed to Inges-