The Sun.
London, England, 1866-06-23 00:00:00

ST. LAURENT, scrow
EUROPE paddle _ •

From IlAvitz.
July 5
July 19

Fares—First7claz
particulars apply to
STRII
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THE PRUSSIAN ARMY.

-o--

(Front the, Times' Military Correspondent.)
HEAD-QUARTERS OF TIIE FIRST ARMY,
GORIATZ, June 19.

It must be borne in mind that in the theatre of
war there are three rivers of the name of Neisse.
They are all, either directly or indirectly, affluents
of the Oder, and are therefore not unlikely to be
confounded with one another. The most westerly
of the three is that which *sows past/this town. It
rises in Bohemia, passes by Zittau, forming near
that town the defile by which Napoleon in 1813

penetrated into Bohemia, flows by Ostritz, Gorlitz,
Priebus, and Muskau, communicates with the Spree
by the Cottbus Canal, and finally falls into the
Oder. The next river of this name towards the east
is an affluent of the Katzbach, itself an affluent of
the Oder. This Neisse is distinguished as the
Wuthende, or raging Neisse. It rises near Hobert-
friedberg, celebrated for the victory gained in 1745
by Frederick the Great over the Austrians, passesby
Jauer, and joins the Katzbach about seven miles
above Liegnitz. It was between Jauer and the
confluence of these two streams that the battle
of Katzbach was lost by Macdonald in 1813.
The Neisse river which runs past the fortress of
Neisse, the present head-quarters of the Crown
Prince, rises in the mountains south of Glatz,
passes by that fortress, and by Neisse, and
joins the Oder about 12 miles below Brieg.
It is to this river that the principal defiles leading
through the Riesen Gebirge into Central Silesia arc
due. The Prussian advanced guards occupied
Dresden last evening, and Prince Frederic Charles
has thus gained possession of the line of railway
which forms the lateral communication through
Saxony. The advance has yet been unopposed ; the
Austrian General still tarries behind the mountains.
Great movements have been going on among his
troops, but no indication of an advance has as yet
been given. Now, it appears as if the Austrians
will have a difficult task before them should they
attempt to deprive the Prussians of the advantages
which the latter have already gained, for Prince
Frederic Charles is this morning firmly fixed in
Saxony, and has evidently no intention of allowing
his hold on this country to be lightly shaken off.
The general course of events in the occupation
of Saxony has been as follows :—On the evening of
the 15th, when the Saxon Government had rejected
the Prussian ultimatum and knew that the army of
Prince Frederic Charles was concentrated. on the
frontier, means were adopted to impede as much as
possible the advance of the Prussian troops. Saxon
pioneers were set to work upon the railways which
lead from the frontier upon Dresden. Of such rail-
ways there are two, that which follows the valley
of the Elbe and joins the Leipsic line at Riesa,
and that which from Gorlitz leads by Bautzen upon
the capital of Saxony. At nightfall the Saxon
pioneers commenced their work, but in the dark,
and, under constant apprehension of being broken
in upon by the Prussian advanced guards, they made
but little progress. The rails were taken' up, but
were neither carried away, nor twisted, nor broken
so as not to be again immediately available. At 11
railway
a il o'clockway abtra nighte thebranches
to
Leipsico ode n
andbr
Chemnitz across thei bridge which carries the
Elbe, near Rieza, was set on fire by means of petro-
leitm. Its destruction was not accomplished, for
only two piers were burnt, and the whole bridge
was again made passable by the evening of the next
day.
While the work of demolition went slowly on
in Saxony heavy masses of Prussian troops were
drawing together and closing down to the very
frontier line of that kingdom. Between Gorlitz
and the border on the west Prince Frederic Charles
marshalled three strong corps d'armee, while near
Strehla on the north General Von Bittenfeld
divided his force into three columns, so as to ad-
vance with a broad front and as quickly as possible
on the railway junction at Riesa. During the few
dark hours of the short summer night the last pre-
parations for the invasion were made; the main bodies
of the troops were all collected together about mid-
night, and the soldiers piled arms to rest and wait
for dawn. Few slept, a dull and heavy murmur
columns, and toldd
the
continuallysubd subdued
e d rosebu ft r odme
deep thee
excitement
er
iotNevln tdnd
the hearts of the men; and this excitement was not
without a cause, for all thought the Austrian was in
Dresden, and that there would be a battle on the