The Sun.
London, England, 1866-01-06 00:00:00

SAY EVENING, JANUARY 6, ISC6.

r before yesterday in a very curious manner. He
was making out his accounts in his office when a
sudden noise caused him to raise his head. On the
wall over his desk were suspended some Indian war
instruments, an axe, a tomahawk, and other
weapons. The axe fell in such a manner as to
penetrate his skull. He was able to call for assist-
ance, but he survived only a very short time.
A theatrical journal of a peculiarly novel character
is in course of organization under the direction of
the actors of a new little theatre on the boulevard
des Italiens, called the Theatre des Parisiens. The
title of the paper is to be the Gazette des Parisiens.
The idea is to give a record of the events of the day,
and to puff establishments, not like an advertise-
ment, but in theatrical style. Here is a specimen
of the mode in which this is to be carried out :

Othello—You have deceived me, perfidious Des-
demona ; you have been supping at —, the only
establishment where real turtle soup is to be had.
Desdemona—My sweet lord, I am calumniated.
The Racahout des Arabes and the diet so recom-
mended for children is not more pure than I.
Othello—l see the traces of criminal kisses on thy
lips. Desdemona—lt is only the chocolate of —,

the house where the best chocolate is sold. The
changes are thus rung upon various articles recom-
mended by advertisers in a playful style. Eventu-
ally Desdemona is supposed to be suffocated with a
pillow purchased at an establishment remarkable for
the cheapness and excellence of the bedding sold
there. The project is a humorous ene, but it is
gravely announced as certain to be carried into
execution.

The Fenian Trials.

DUBLIN, Friday Night.

The special commission resumed its sittings in
Dublin to-day. Charles J. Kickham having been
placed at the bar, an application was made on his
behalf for a writ of habeas corpus to bring up T.
Clarke Luby and Charles Underwood O'Connell,
with a view to their being examined as witnesses
for him. The court granted the writ in the case of
O'Connell, who is at present in prison in Dublin,
but held that they had no jurisdiction to issue the
writ in the case of Luby, who is in gaol in England.
The trial was then proceeded with, and went as far
as the direct examination of the approver, when the
court rose. The prisoner refused to be assisted by
counsel, stating that as the evidence of Luby, who
was a material witness, had been refused him, he
considered the trial a mockery.

Mr. William Longman has inaugurated a move-
ment for the erection of a memorial to Cowper, the poet, at
Great Berkhampstead, Berks. Mr. Longman is treasurer
to the fund.—The Reader.
The site for the new law courts will extend from
the west side of Bell-yard to St. Clement's Inn. The whole
block of houses will be swept away by the erection of the
" Palace of Justice." It is anticipated that Temple Bar
will be removed, as the site will roach into Fleet-street.
The noted Shire-lane and Newcastle-court will be de-
molished.

THE LITERARY CLUB.—It was founded in 1764
by Sir J. Reynolds and Dr. Johnson. It met first
at the Turk's Head in Gerard-street. Of authors proper,
from 1764 to 1857, it numbered Johnson and Goldsmith,
Dyer and Percy, Gibbon and Sir 'William Jones, Colman,
the two Wartons, Farmer, Steevens, Burney, and Malone,
Frere and George Ellis, Hallam, Mihnan, Montstuart El-
phinstone, and Lord Stanhope. Among politicians and
statesnlen it included Burke, Fox, Sheridan, Canning,

Brougham, and Macaulay. Among lawyers Lord Ashbur-
ton and Stowell, Sir W. Grant, Lords Cranworth and
Kingsdown, Sir W. Page Wood, and Mr. Charles Austin.
The Literary Club is now called the Johnson, and its cen-
tenary was celebrated in September, 1864, at the Claren-
don, in Bond-street.—The Reader.
LITERARY AND SCIENTIFIC MEETINGS FOR THE
ENSUING WEEK.—Monday—Geographical, at 81,
"Second Journey into West Equatorial Africa," M. De

Chaillu ; Syro-Egyptian, at i, " Pharaohs of the Bible,"
Mr. Bonomi. Tuesday—Engineers, at 8, Address of the
President ; Photographic, at 8 ; Ethnological, at 8, " Phy-
sical Forms of the Lapps," Mr. Campbell ; "Ethnology of
Indo-Chinese Nations," Colonel Phayre; " Characteristics
of Scuth Sclavonic Races," Miss Irby; Zoological, at 4,
"American Caprimulg,idre," Mr. Sclater ; "Breeding of
Birds in Society's Aviary," Mr. Bartlett. Wednesday—
Literature, at 4i; Microscopical, at 8, " Opaque Illumina-
tor," Professor Smith; "Illumination with High Powers;"
Geological, at 8, " Origin and Structure of the so-called
Eozoon Serpentine," Professor King and Dr. Rowney ;
"Presence of Eozoon in Older Rocks of Bavaria," Dr.
Carpenter; " Origin of Lake Basins of New Zealand," Mr.
Locke Travers; Archa3ological Association, at 81-. Thurs-
day—Antiquaries, at "Site of Portus Lemains," Mr.
Black ; Royal, at Bj. Friday—Astronomical, at B.
Athenxum.

The records of the past year contain an average
number of deaths of wen prominent in literature
and journalism. Judge Haliburton (" Sam Slick"), Pro-
fessor Aytoun, Cardinal Wiseman, Leitch Ritchie, Sir
Lascelles Wraxall, Wingrove Cooke, James Lowe, and
Dudley Costello, have all been called away : nor will any
one connected with this journal, and professing the prin-
ciples of which it is the exponent, forget that in the April
of last year we lost our dear friend and editor, Samuel
Lucas. To literature itself the greatest loss will be the
death of Mrs. Gaskell, to whose unfinished novel, " Wives
and Daughters," the editor of the Cornhill has appended a
singularly graceful note.—The Flaneur.

A CUNNING HARE.—A abort time ago the
Brighton harriers sustained a loss by a manoeuvre of the
hare they were following. Puss led them from the Downs,
above Rottingdean, to the high cliffs near Saltdean. Here
she crossed the Newhaven road, and made towards the
cliffs as if she meant to go over them. That, however,
was not her design, but so closely did she skirt the edge of
the cliff—here nearly 100 feet high—that it was pretty
clear the pack, if they followed her, would come to grief.
A coastguardsman on the spot tried to turn the dogs, and
did so as regarded the greater numbers, but three of the
leaders in their headlong pursuit went right over the cliff.
Two were killed on the spot; the third escaped with some
bad bruises. Puss was successful in her manoeuvre ; she
got away from her pursuers for that day.

THE WASTE OF WAR—.The Quartermaster-
General's report of the operations for a year, commencing
with the Western campaign of Sherman, has been issued.
Its substance is thus summarised :—" Atlanta had become
a point at which an army of 90,000 men was to be supplied,
over a line of operations 300 miles in extent. We all know
the natural obstacles of mountain, wood, and flood which
the advance to Atlanta had to surmount. The unspeakable
difficulties of providing for the necessities of the troops we
can but guess at. But the Quartermaster's Department
rebuilt the railroads, rebuilt the bridges—one, the Etowah
bridge, 625 ft. long and 75ft. high, in six days ; another,
the Chattahoochie bridge, 740 ft. long and 90ft. high, iu
four days and a half ; and at no time during the march
from Chattanooga was a train five days behind the pursu-
ing troops. Sherman having accomplished his work, and
Atlanta won, he moved toward the Atlantic coast, and cut
loose from his base of supplies. Immediately the great
stream of those supplies was turned to meet him on the
Atlantic coast. In the dead of winter a great fleet, laden
with vast stores of all kinds, was assembled with the ut-
most celerity, and but a few days after the fall of Savannah
had removed incredible obstacles from the river of that
name and discharged its cargo upon the wharves of the
city, returning north with a groat store of captured cotton.
In succession the base of supplies was removed to Beau-
fort and Goldsborough, and, indeed, through all the move-
ments subsequently, the welcome quartermaster was always
ready. Over 100,000 men to provide for, over 5,000 waggons
to keep in repair, and over 65,000 animals to feed, were but
a part of the duties of the department—duties never ne-
glected, always well performed, and up to time. And all
this time, as all through the war, another great army was
cared for day by day in Virginia. During the year ending
June, 1865, there were purchased or manufactured
3,463,858 trousers, 3,708,393 drawers, 722,264 coats and
jackets, 698,187 tents, 2,372,258 blankets, 5,684,572 stock-
ings, 2,647,560 pairs of boots and shoes, and perfect Alps
of other articles. Only fancy, if you can, a pile of 16,330
drums ! A vast quantity of this material has been sold,
and much remains for use in case of need. The marine cf
the department was something gigantic-351 steamers, 111
tugs, 89 sailing vessels, 168 barges, or a total of 719 vessels,
of, together, 224,984 tons. The balance brought forward
from the previous year and sums received since foot up
$459,630,905, and of this great sum $27,924,847 remains."
EMIGRATION FRoM THE CLYDE. During the
year ending the 31st of December, 1865, there have been
15,277 emigrants despatched from the Clyde, being 4,883
more than the number who sailed in 1861. Of these
10,038 have gone to the United States, 2,582 to Canada,
1,510 to Queenstown„ 230 to New Zealand, and 217 to
various other parts of the world.— Scotsman.

THE WEATHER IN AMERlCA.—Montreal papers
of the 22d. of December state that until within a few days
it had been like spring; but on the 21st it was intensely
cold, and six or eight inches of snow fell. The St. Law-
rence was frozen nearly halfway over. It is stated that at
Ottawa the thermometer was 2 degs. below zero on the
15th, and 15 degs. below zero on the 16th. A few nights
before that, a very old man, the mail carrier from lowa
city to Washington, lowa, being caught in a snow storm
and getting his horse fast in a mud hole, was frozen to
death.

The land required for the enlargement of the
National Gallery has been purchased from the parish of
St. Martin's-in-the-Fields for £86,000. The site includes
St. Martin's workhowso and ,Archbishop Tonisou'g Library
and Schools.

LA TEST INTELLIGENCE.

(REUTER'S TELEGRAMS.)

TURKEY.

CONSTANTINOPLE, JAN. 5, 4.55 p.m.

Riani Pasha, Governor of the Public Debt, has
been named Grand Customer. Mehemet Ruchdi
Pasha,' Intendant of the Evkafs (property dedicated
to the Mosques), has been appointed Minister of
Finance.

Nedjeb Effendi has been transferred from the
Customs to the Evkafs.

FRANCE.

BOURSE, Jan. 5, Two o'clock.—English Consols
are again telegraphed with a decline of per cent.,
which, with the rate of discount augmented one per
cent. both here and in London, and the large deli-
very of shares which has taken place during the
" settlement," will fully account for the present de-
pressed state of the market and the depreciated
quotations current on Stocks and Shares. Three
per Cents., which opened at 68f. 20c., are now at
68fr. 30c.—a fall of 10c. on yesterday's close.
Italian Fives, which were also done on lower terms,
are at Gsfr. 75c., still showing a decline of 25c.
The shares of the Credit Mobilier have receded 11f.
25c., the present quotation being 797 f. 50e. ; and
Spanish Mobiliers show a similar fall. The Rail-
way Share Market participates in the general lan-
guor, and most of the lines show a reduction in
prices. Three o'clock.—The market improved to-
wards the end, and closed at the following quota-
tions :

4} per Cents 9B
Do. end month —
8 per Cents. 6B 25
Do. end month 6B 321
Credit Mobilier
Do. end month
Bank Shares 3675
Credit Foncier 1320

Roman —
Ottoman Fives 42 25
Mexican Loan —
Do. Bonds —
Russian -
Austrian
Spanish Threes ~ —
Home Debt —
Deferred

Italian Loan 65 80
Do. end month 65 80
RAIL'

'AYE.
Cash.

Orleans
Northern
Lyons and Mediterranean
Southern
Western
Eastern
Sardinian
Austrian
Lombard
North of Spain
Saragossa
Ditto to Barcelona
Roman

Acct.

- ... 845
- ... 1140

~. 853 75
... 572 50

- ---. • ••

- - ... 525 -
- - ~. 216 25
- - ... 427 50

- - ... 426 25
- - ... 177 50
- - ~. 215 ---

STATE OF TRADE.

-a

MANCHESTER, Jan. s.—For shipping yarns the
further advance of the Bank rate has rather
checked business, but there is a good inquiry, and
the advices from China are such as have led
some houses to operate pretty freely to-day, at
the full prices demanded by spinners. There
are some considerable orders in the market, which
are held back by the parties expecting to do better
by waiting. Prices are firm at the close, and there
is not the slightest giving way. In home-trade yarns
there is not much business going on, but the market
is, in the main, steady. Prices are nominally as
on Tuesday, but with no great pressure to sell. In
this branch there is very little change since Tuesday,
except that there is less business. In cloth the
alteration in the Bank rate has had the effect of
checking business very considerably. The absence
of stock prevents any apparent weakness from
manifesting itself so far. Manufacturers, though
not deeply engaged as a rule, at the present time
have sufficient orders to go on with to prevent much
anxiety on their part, and to keep them from press-
ing sales on the market. We have little evidence of
a disposition to purchase on the part of buyers.
They seem to be holding off from anything like
large operations, and the only business done seems to
be in small quantities. If the market presents any
new feature, it is in a slight diminution in prices.
We close with too little actual business transacted
to enable us to form an exact comparison of prices
with Tuesday. The Chamber of Commerce have
issued a report on the mildew question. They do
do not attach blame to any one class of the cloth
trade, they considering that mildew has arisen in
most classes from the ignorant use of certain ma-
terials and processes of sizing rather than from
culpable intention ; and they recommend a return
to the use of undrugged size.

NOTTINGHAM, sth.—We had a good attendance
at our Exchange-hail to-day. The demand for lace
yarns was less active, the advance of the rate of
discount having operated as a check. Prices re-
mained the same as last week. The demand for
hosiery yarns was moderate, and prices were un-
altered. Silks were firm all round. A very dull
demand was experienced for brown nets, but recent
rates were maintained.

N‘Dermott the Impostor again Convicted.

William M'Dermott, the pretended "son of the
ex-Lord Provost of Edinburgh," whose name has
frequently appeared in the papers as a remarkably
artful dodger, turned up again at the Preston Ses-
sions yesterday, on the charge of obtaining by false
pretences a watch, guard,' &c., from a pawnbroker's
assistant ; a sovereign from Mr. Crook, proprietor
of the Red Lion, Preston ; and £5 from Captain
Rennie of the 90th Regiment. From the evidence
it appeared that some time ago the prisoner, who was
welldressed and somewhat intelligent, went to Capt.
Rennie, at Fulwood Barracks, near Preston, and
introduced himself to the gallant officer as " the
Hon. William Lawson, son of the Lord Provost
of Edinburgh." Afterwards he said that Major
Harvey, of the 74th Highlanders, at Edinburgh,
had requested him to call upon the officers at Ful-
wood Barracks, when he went to Preston, and
" make friends with them." In course of conver-
sation which followed, the prisoner said that he was
going to Liverpool, but that as he was afraid that
the banks would be closed when he got there, he
should be obliged if Capt. Rennie would lend him
£5. Capt. Rennie, believing the statement, lent
the money named, and then the prisoner bid him
good day, with the assurance that he should have
the money next day. After the prisoner left Capt.
Rennie, he introduced himself to some of the non-
commissioned officers, told several fine tales, talked
about his family and military connexions, and got
the parties named to lend him several sums of
money. The prisoner then appears to have made
his way to Preston, and "put up" at the Red
Lion, one of the first hotels in the town. He gave
the landlord to understand that he was the nephew
of Colonel Hardy, of Fulwood Barracks ; that he
was going to Manchester, but should return in a
very short time ; and that he must have some
money lent until he returned. He then went out,
and proceeded to a pawnbroker's shop, told the
assistant that he had been on the spree and broken
his watch, and that his uncle, Colonel Hardy, would
be vexed if he had not one next day (Sunday)
when he went to church. The assistant lent the
prisoner his watch, guard, &c., on the understand-
ing that he should have them back on the afternoon
of the following day. The prisoner then returned
to the Red Lion, and borrowed a sovereign from
the landlord, who accompanied him to the railway
station, and saw him leave " for Manchester." The
prisoner, however, never returned, and the next
thing heard of him was his apprehension at Col-
chester for imposing on several parties there. He
was sentenced to fifteen months' imprisonment.

SOUTH-EASTERN INDUSTRIAL EXHIBITION.—The
closing ceremony of this exhibition is announced to

take place at the painted hall of the Royal Hospital, Green-
wich, on the afternoon of Slturday, the 27th instant, when
the prizes and the certificates will be awarded to the suc-
cessful exhibitors by Viscount Sydney, Lord Lieutenant of
Kent. The exhibition, which was opened in October last,
has proved entirely successful, and will be closed to visi-
tors after Saturday, 13th inst.
FREE PUBLIC LIBRARY FOR THE CITY OF LONDON.

—Mr. John Richardson, member of the Court of
Common Council for the ward of Bishopsgate, has given
the following notice of motion for the next meeting of the
courf--" That it is desirable a free public library should
be established in the Guildhall of the City of London, un-
der the control and at the cost of the corporation; and that
it be referred to the Library Committee to consider and
report forthwith to the Court of Common Council as to the
probable expense for establishing the same."

The Condemned Convict in Maidstone

Gaol.

Within the last few days a marked change for the
better appears to have taken place in the mind of the
wretched culprit who now awaits the execution of
the sentence of death in Maidstone Gaol. After his
trial Southey was for some hours in a state of ex-
citement, complaining bitterly of much of the evi-
dence, and denying that he had had fair play or
justice in the court. To use his own language—
" The laws of a country are the grand imperishable
monuments of a nation's constitution, and, written
in history, speak always a nation's honour or dis-
grace"—and he wrote long letters to the learned
judgd who presided (Mr. Justice Mellor), to the
Home Secretary, and the Duke of Beaufort (and
wished to write to others, but was not allowed),
protesting against the illegality of his trial on the
ground that from the beginning he had refused the
assistance of a barrister, and that the judge had
refused to allow him to plead his own cause,
" a precedent (he added) which in future cases
might lead to the grossest injustice." He
was also highly indignant that the plea of insanity
had been used on his behalf, inasmuch as he had
from the first refused to consent to such a plea ;
and when, at the trial, he attempted to protest against
Mr. Smith adopting that defence, he was peremp-
torily put down by the judge. His own words were,
" I am not insane, but I considered that I could not
be a judge of that myself, and therefore allowed
those persons who came to examine me to put ques-
tions to me which I answered in a straightforward
manner. I should like to have my case argued be-
fore metaphysicians and philosophers, for I believe
that my mind and my motives would be a proper
subject for a psychological inquiry. If I am insane,
I ought not to be executed ; if I am not insane, I
ought to have a fresh trial—as I have not been al-
lowed to show the truth."
The chaplain of the prison, the Rev. C. S. Wool-

mer, and the assistant chaplain, the Rev. H. F. Woo.

rych, are with him daily ; and, although always
ready to argue on his case, or the more abstruse
points of religion, he would not listen to any ex-
hortation with respect to the awful fate which so
speedily awaits him. He has read through " But-
ler's Analogy and Sermons," and other religious
works ; but the greater portion of his time is spent
in writing. Until the last three or four days he
would turn all conversations into disquisitions on
religion and infidelity, with the more philosophic
forms of which he seems to be well acquainted.
He reads his Bible, but finds arguments from it in
support of his own conduct, as, for instance, from
the example of Abraham and the Divine command

for the sacrifice of Isaac. He refuses to attend
service in the gaol chapel, but once allowed the
chaplain to pray with him, " out of respect" to the
chaplain, although, he added, it was also because
of " that moral weakness which has been his weak
point through life, as he considered it his duty to
protest against the general formalism of religion
which prevails, by refusing to have anything to do
with forms, even in prayer." During the last three
or four days, however, he has received the visits of
the chaplains with great interest, and prayed with
them daily.

Although Southey acknowledges the kindness
with which he is treated by all the officials, he com-
plains greatly of some of the gaol regulations. One
of his principal grievances is that he is not allowed
to be at any time left alone, and that a light is
always kept burning in his cell.
It is very remarkable that Southey never admits
that the murders he committed were crimes. In-
deed, he appears to think that he has really done a
service to the community ; and with regard to his
approaching fate, he considers himself as already
dead ; but the two persons he wished to die with
him (Mrs. White and her child), he says, are gone
back from life to moral death.

One of Southey's great anxieties yet is lest cer-
tain MSS. confided by him to his solicitor should
get into the hands of Lord Dudley. The papers
consist of 48 pages of manuscript, and contain a
rough sketch of Mrs. White, the woman with
whom he was living, and whose children he had
destroyed. It is headed—" Account of two visits
to Witley Court, showing the circumstances which
have united to cause my death." The number of
eminent persons who were visited by Southey, or to
whom he wrote letters and detailed the circum-
stances upon which " eight lives depended," was no
fewer than 200, and all their names were carefully
preserved. He asserts that his immoral union with
Mrs. White was not entered into until all hope of
the payment of the money he had won at billiards
from Mr. Dudley Ward was gone. There is no
doubt that for eight months previous to the
crimes for which he is condemned he entertained
murderous thoughts against others, and parti-
cularly against Lord Dudley. He says that on
several occasions he was on the point of shooting
his lordship within a few days previous to the per-
petration of the other murders. He even fixes
the places where this intended deed of blood had
so nearly beon consummated—at a club in the Opera
Colonnade, but his lordship at the critical moment
stopped to speak to a policeman ; at another time
at Fortnum and Mason's ; and on another occasion
he actually held the muzzle of his pistol close to his
lordship's back while he was looking into the win-
dow of an Albanian shop in Regent-street, but
concealed the weapon in his coat pocket. He could
not, however, make up his mind to fire, as " he had
received no direct voice from God to rid the world
of the tyrant," and because his motives might be
put down to vindictiveness.

Several rumours have been in circulation as to
efforts making to procure a commutation of sen-
tence or a respite, on the ground of insanity. These
rumours have, however, been studiously kept from
the knowledge of the prisoner, who entertains no
hope that his life will be spared.
The execution, it is expected, will take place on
Thursday next.