The Sun.
London, England, 1832-06-11 00:00:00

only necessary to liberalize its institutions, whe-
ther by means of threatened or actual revolt
The rule of her legitimate Sovereign, who,
under the control of institutions which would
in time have taken root in the national habits
and sentiments, so governed France as practically
to produce a greater share of happiness and
prosperity than that nation ever before enjoyed
at any period of her history, was neither liberal
enough to please that volatile and unreflecting
people, nor martial enough to satisfy their mili-
tary propensity and the thirst for glory, which,
discordant as these elements of national character
may appear, they contrive to mix up with their
liberalism. The crimes of the elder branch of
the Bourbons, crimes fatal to their popularity,
were, that they had never distinguished them-
selves in the field, that they did not sit preemi-
nently well on horseback, and that they were
not totally indifferent to religion. These of-
fences were unpardonable. The more the nation
flourished under their sway the more impatient
it became of rulers who rode but indifferently,
and were supposed to believe in the existence of
a God. These causes of alienation between the
people and their Sovereign might have failed,
however, to produce the consequences which
have sprung from them had not the great wealth
of the Duke of Orleans been employed, in con-
junction with every popular artifice to which he
could resort, to increase the national discontent
and disaffection towards the reigning branch of
his family, to flatter and seduce the people, to
extol his own importance and enhance his po-
pularity, to prepare the way for his own un-
principled usurpation of the throne. The re-
venues of the Duke of Orleans have been unspa-
ringly employed, ever since the period of the
restoration, for the purpose of preparing the con-
vulsion which took place in 1830, and secur-
ing its intended issue ; and, unfortunately, these
revenues were more than sufficient to render all
the various classes of revolutionists in France
subservient to the views of that Prince. Thus

it was that the revolution of 1830 was pro-
duced, for it is mere folly to suppose that the
Ordinances of the King were any other than a
mere incident in the drama ; and thus Louis-
Philippe got the whole of what he desired,
namely, possession of the throne, while the
French nation obtained only part of its wish. It
obtained a liberal, or one at least who assumed
the title of a liberal, for its Sovereign ; it ob-
tained the overthrow of the National Church ; it
obtained the destruction of the hereditary Peer-
age ; but it obtained no military hero for its
ruler, and no military glory for its annals. Since
this fatal period misguided and unfortunate
France has undergone the severest sufferings,
and endured a continued series of mortifications
and disappointments. Her commerce has been
suspended, her prosperity has flown, her industry
has languished, her honour has been tarnished.
She has seen the mercenary troops of her Citizen
King destroy by thousands the citizens of her
large and once flourishing towns whom famine
had driven to revolt. She has seen that Press,

to secure whose freedom was one of the declared
objects of the revolution, if not subjugated, at
least harassed and paralysed by incessant and
innumerable prosecutions. She has beheld the
people of Poland, whom she invited to follow
her steps in the career of liberal revolution, de-
serted, betrayed, and destroyed. She has wit-
nessed the fate of the liberals of Italy, whom she
had also allured to revolt, suspended on the issue
of a doubtful and dilatory negotiation between
her revolutionary Monarch, the Roman Pontiff,
and the Emperor of Austria. The sole reward
of her liberal revolution has been misery at home
and disappointment abroad. But the French
people were not thus to be disappointed and
insulted. Having effected one revolution with-
out provocation, they could do no less than
attempt another when urged by provocations
incessant and intolerable. They have made
the attempt, and fir the present, as it seems,
they have failed. The Citizen King reigns by
military power over a people who could not
endure the legal authority of his legitimate pre-
decessor. The Ordinances of Charles X., to
which he resorted reluctantly, when the Orleans
Chamber of Deputies and the Orleans Press, the
Chamber and the Press bribed by the gold of
the Duke of Orleans, were on the point of wrest-
ing his sceptre from his hand, present a model of
free and liberal Government, when compared
with the measure to which the Usurper, who by

the aid of this Chamber and this Press got pos-
session of the throne, has recourse in order to
secure his tyrannical authority. The capital
and several of the departments of Fra:•ce are at
this moment under the fierce dominion of martial

law. The reign of Journalism which paved
the way for that of Louis-Philippe is sue-
ceeded by the forcible suppression of all Journals
but such as are in the interests of the Usurper.
The triumph of the barricades has enabled the
despot it created to massacre in two days, by
discharges of grape-shot, five thousand of the
heroes of the barricades. The people of France
are at this moment as completely the slaves of
military tyranny as they ever were during the
reign of Napoleon, with no other difference than
this, that now no ray of glory gilds their chains
—that now the instruments of their oppression
are stimulated to their sanguinary task, not by
the fame of a conqueror, but by the sordid
hoards of a miser. This, of course, cannot last
long. Had Louis-Philippe the military qualities
of Napoleon he might, like him, find refuge for
a time in the renown and splendour of conquest,
but being the man that he is his days are num-
bered. The ruler to the maintenance of whose
authority the slaughter of 5,000 citizens in the
streets of Paris has been necessary ought. to have
a better title than that of the Duke of Orleans,
and higher qualities than those of a miser, to be
easily forgiven. Be his fate as wretched as it
may he will have deserved it.—Morning Post.
Not two years have elapsed since the Govern-

ment of Charles X. declared Paris in a state o

siege. Now the Goveinment of Louis-Philippe
has done the same thing ; but Louis-Philippe
has proclaimed martial law in the moment of tri-
umph. Charles X. did so while the issue of the
struggle between the authorities and the people
was yet doubtful. What one did to enforce the
edicts of open and avowed tyranny, the other
has done while wearing the colours and profess-
ing to be the protector of freedom. What a
scene of civil slaughter the " Citizen King" has
presided at before he has occupied his revolu-
tionary throne two years ! Two great questions
arise out of it—namely, in what has it origi-
nated ? and, where is it to end ? With regard
to the first, we find that the French Government
make great efforts to disseminate the belief that
the sanguinary struggle at the funeral of the
brave Lamarque was the result of a Carlist con-
spiracy. We doubt it—the Carlists are notori-
ously
dfew and weak in Paris. The cries of the
po
during the conflict were not Carlist,
but Republican cries. Carlists are not in
the habit of crying) " Vive Lafayette !
tace
Vive hi Republique !"
band what is to us