The Sun.
London, England, 1859-09-03 00:00:00

IRELAND.

DUBLIN, FRIDAY.
THE ANTI-EDUCATION DEMONSTRATION.
Although Mr. Cullen modestly declines to be set
up as the leader of a Parliamentary party, his sub-
jects in the House of Commons appear to have got
their cue, and are making preparations to perfect
themselves in .the parts they are to play in St. Ste-
phen's in the course of the next session. Already it
is stated upwards of 20 of those devoted sons of the
Church have signified their intention to answer-the
call of Mr. John Francis Maguire, and to attend
the gathering of the laity which is to come off in
Dublin upon a day, not yet named. Similar pro-
mises, however, have been freely dealt in for a
period of eight or nine years, during which the
tenant right craze was the staple article of Irish
agitation ; and all know how faithfully those same
representatives kept their pledge to aid the annual
Conferences by their presence and powers of speech.
But the Church, probably will be better served,
and as a proof of devotion it is boasted that the
Irish members are willing to support " any petition
to Parliament" having for its object the extension
to Ireland of the English denominational system.
It is further stated that a deputation from this
country, backed by influential English Roman
Catholics, will have an interview with the Pre-
mier upon the subject before the next session of
Parliament, and that arrangements are also in con-
templation to bring the whole subject of educational
establishments, from the lowest upwards, before
the public.

MURDER IN THE COUNTY OF CORK.
A letter dated Macroom, Thursday (yesterday),
says :—"2k. brutal murder was perpetrated here
last evening. The victim was a farmer, named
Daniel Lynch, who lived about five miles from
this town, where he rented a farm on the pro-
perty of Mr. R. J. Rye, of Ryeeourt. Yesterday
morning he left home for the purpose of transacting
some business in Macroom, and it is rumoured that
parties in his neighbourh pod were aware that
money was due to him, and that lie expected to
receive payment. Not returning at the hour expec-
ted, some uneasiness was felt as to his safety, but
at about 10 l'clock the sound of his-horse and car
approaching his residence dispelled the fears en-
tertained by his family. The horse and car stopped
on coming up to his door, but the feelings of his
relatives may be imagined when, on approaching
the car, they discovered that Lynch, though seated
in it, was quite dead, his skull being fractured in
five or six places, and his face so mangled that his
features could scarcely be recognised. A portion of
his clothes were absent, those that remained being
saturated with blood. The body was still warm,
and apparently the outrage must have been com-
mitted within half an hour of its discovery. The
alarm was, of course, instantly spread through the
district, and the police scoured the country in every
direction. The clothes of the deceased were found
in a ditch on the roadside between his own house
and Macroom. I heard to-day that the coroner
had been sent for to Cork, and that he may be ex-
pected this evening or to-morrow."
LOSS OF THE MARQUIS OF DROGHEDA'S YACHT.
The Daily Express of this morning supplies the
following additional particulars :
" We regret to announce that the yacht of the
Marquis of Drogheda, which was wrecked off the
coast of Sligo on Saturday, was not insured. There
is no truth in the statement in the Freeman's Jour.
nal that a pilot offered his services and they were
refused. There was a pilot on board, as we stated
yesterday, but he was deceived by the absence of
the buoy, which was carried away two years ago,
and never replaced since. Who is answerable for
this ? Is there no party whose duty it is to report
such matters to the Admiralty—none who can be
made responsible for losses occasioned by such gross
neglect ? How is it that the coast-guards never
missed the buoy, or, if they did, never reported the
circumstance ? Why is it that no steps were
taken by the Harbour Commissioners or the
Admiralty ? Providentially no lives were lost.
The vessel struck the sand about 5 o'clock a.m.,
when the Marchioness of Drogheda rose and came
on deck. But there was so little apparent cause for
alarm, that the party again retired to rest, and rose
as usual for breakfast at 9 o'clock. The Marquis
was about to proceed to Sligo, accompanied by Cap-
tain Foster, but he fortunately decided on remaining
with the Marchioness of Drogheda ; for had he gone
he would never have seen the yacht again. There
was a crew of 14 or 16 persons, including servants,
who exerted themselves to the utmost to save the
marquis's property, forgetting all personal conside-
rations in their zeal and alacrity. We regret to
say that the conduct of the peasantry on shore pre-
sented a painful contrast. Instead of lending their
aid like Christians and civilised men in this emer-
gency, they remained up all night watching for the
property as it was washed ashore, every atom of
which they carried off, hiding it in potato trenches
and corn stacks, and in every conceivable place.
We hope the Marquis of Drogheda will not let the
matter rest here. His lordship has a public duty
to discharge for the sake of the yachting interest,
which it is so desirable to encourage as an impor-
tant branch of the national defences, and for the
sake of all who are engaged in the coasting trade.
Those whose duty it was to take precautions for the
protection of life and property on that coast should
be called to account for their neglect, and the land-
sharks who lie in wait for wrecks, in order to plun-
der the property of those who may be cast on shore,
should be taught that such barbarities cannot be
perpetrated in this age with impunity."

DISTRESS IN AUSTRALIA.

The following extracts from the letter of a
Brighton emigrant present a dark view of the pre-
sent condition of the colony. The letter is dated
Adelaide, May 18 :—During the last 12 months I
have been very unlucky, and this has quite dis-
heartened me. lam sorry to say many thousands
more beside myself, and hundreds of emigrants
who have come out here during that period, have
been walking about the streets out of employ, and
in the deepest distress. You will see from a news-
paper which I have sent you, that there has been
a meeting of the unemployed in the Park lands, and
that they have petitioned to turn out the members
of the council, as they are said to have been partly
the cause of the distress. They have been pouring
in emigrants as fast as they possibly could, on pur-
pose to reduce wages. We are about to pass an act
to do do away with emigration entirely.
People who come out here in the best of times, even.
if they obtain constant employment—and five oul;
o f every
are Ni.ne ry
su tme do
mn
er eneoate—o
nd etsoe
tormented
mv ee
ea
tl l e theya itghetm,
isfogruitthoee3si,
their eyes stopped up by the flies, the hot win AU
blowing from a northerly direction, and the dicta
with it scorches and chokes as it blows, the s'an
pouring down, the glass rising on some day s to '145
degress in the'sun, with no grass or vegetable 8 at
this season of the year. There are, however, p .ienty
of grapes and apples, pears seven inches and a half
in length—of the Envadale St. Germain—' And all
kinds of stone fruit in abundance. . • V With re-
gard to myself, I can only say that I amp vetting a
bare living, but I am thankful for that col asidering
the present state of things. We are now b aving the
cold winds setting in upon us, and thin gs are be-
ginning to look green. Every one seer as waiting
for some work to do. It is painful to :s ae so many
poor
finding fellows li
theow
es ts, and not
bwoasut
rtehperessterne(
.13j,ed at home.
Tellouw naatlrnkyyi walking
itea that you hay N respect for
not to be misled ;if they wish to b well off, let
• when I write
to you again
them remain
shallere thbeeyabalree.
toI hn h
O,Tri
en• h s
you with
better news."

FATAL BOAT ACCIDENT ON THE BIN r ,EA.---
An inquest was held yesterday at. Vile White ' Hart' Tavern,
High-street, Poplar, respecting the death 0 f 4rahn War-
low, aged 21, a cotton-broker, wlio lost his life. by drown-
ing. The evidence went to prove that the deceased was
rowing a boat on the river Lv a, near Totten' aam, 01 ► Mon-
day last, when he suddenly 'dropped the scu' as and. rose up
in the boat, which overturned, and he was in imersol lin the
water. He struggled for two or three mini Itea au d disap-
peared. Verdict of accidental death.

THEA TRE-ROYAL, lIAYMARKET.
Lessee, Mr. J. B. Buckstone.
THIS EVENING the performances will commence with
iALLOWE'EN.
With THE CONTESTED ELECTION.
After which, OUT OF SIGHT OUT OF MIND.
And A DAUGHTER. TO MARRY.
Commence at 7.

W THEATRE - ROYAL, AD ELPHI.
Sole proprietor and Manager, Mr. Benj. Webster.
Last Night of the Summer Season.
TIIIS EVENING, the performances will commence with
VICTORINE. Messrs. Billington, P. Bedfordmm, C. Marshall,
Eburne, Miss K. Kelly, and Mrs. Billington.
To conclude with THE WRECK ASHORE.
Acting Manager—Mr. Wm. Smith.
Doors open at a quarter-past six—Commence at seven. Box
Moe open from 10 to 5 —no charge for booking. No fees to
servants permitted. A registry kept of all articles found.

ROYAL STRAND THEATRE.
Lessee and Directress, Miss Swanborougb
THIS EVENING, THE GOOSE WITH THE GOLDEN
EGGS.
After which, A SCHOOL FOR COQUETTES. Misses
Bwanborough, Oliver, and Lavine.
Followed by THE VERY LATEST EDITION OF THE
LADY OF LYONS.
Commence at 7 o'clock.

VERDI'S OPERA OF MACBETH. —d uce Thed
whole of the first Act of this Opera, now pro
for the first time in this country (the remaining three acts
being itt course ot rehearsal), is sung nightly at the CAN-
TERBURY HALL CONCERTS.
THE DELEPIERRE FAMILY,
oonsistin,g of three Juvenile Violinists, viz., Jules, Juliette,
and Julia Delepierte, aged, respectively, FOUR, SIX, and
EIGHT years.
The perfect execution by these Lilliputian Artistes of some
ot the wont difficult and brilliant Solos, Duets, and Trios evcl
written for the violin, has excited mingled wonder and admi-
ration in Continental Musical Circles, and drawn fort enthu-
siastic tziputes of praise from the Public Journals of France

and Belgim.
They will perform TWICE EACH EVENING, in addl-
.

tion to

THE WEATHER.—SUN OFFICE, SEPTEMBER 4.
THERMOMETER, IN THE SHADE.
67—highest since noon yesterday.
58—Lowest this morning and during the night.
66—this day at noon.

-
BanomrrEit-29.80.
WIND, North-Westerly ; light and fine. There was
heavy continuous rain all yesterday afternoon.

HIGH WATER AT LONDON BRIDGE.
Tuts DA.Y.—Morning, sh. 40m.—Afternoon, 6h. Im.
To-MORROW-Morning,6h. 23m.—Afternoon, 6h. 47m.

THE SUN.

SATURDAY, SEPTEMBER 3, 1859.

The great Foreign question of the day is ye
to be settled. From the first it was obvious tha
the hurried " make-up" at Villafranca might serve
as a basis, but could notbe termed a settlement. It
was more a truce, either to convenience or policy,
or perhaps to both. The Emperor NAPOLEON, act-
ing upon the spur of the moment, and while yet
the flush of victory cheered on his army to enthu-
siastic daring, still felt discretion to be the better
part of valour, and proposed an armistice to his
vanquished but not fallen foe.
In doing this he followed the bold policy of his
immortal uncle in taking the enemy by surprise.
The bait took readily, and the armistice was soon
followed up by a patched negotiation which seemed
to serve both parties without compromising either.
But though peace was hushed up unexpectedly,
the end was not yet. No doubt the struggle in the
closet at Villafranca was sharp as it was short,
and much was conceded for the time being to make
matters pleasant.
But the Emperors seemed to forget that in
settling matters so amicably they yet even reckoned
without their host. They agreed to sheath the
sword, but in so doing they opened the floodgates
of public expectancy. The people of Italy were
either staggered at the sudden cessation of
the war or were thrown into a sort of wondering
ecstacy at the idea that they were free—free from
the hated Austrian domination.
Acting on this belief they met everywhere to con-
gratulate—to concert—and to confirm their liberty.
It was, indeed, an event supposed by some to be too
good to be true, while by others, more resolute, it
was determined to make it true. Hence the delibe-
rations in the several Duchies, and hence their
combined agreement on the proper course of action.
They all decided upon prudence, and so modified
their plans as to avoid the danger of rashness by
any undue precipitancy. In fact they so modified
their plans as to come far within the letter of the
law rather than trespass beyond its bounds. In this
they showed their wisdom, and so took the wind
out of the sails of their enemy—whose number was

_
legion, and whose rage was like Vesuvius on a
stormy night, bursting with fire and fury.
But now comes the moral of their constitutional
conduct. They behaved so unexpectedly well that
France was taken aback, and found that she had
overdone the thing in one particular, while Austria
found herself non-plussed in all. Thus, very clever
men often prove themselves too clever by half.
They may contrive, plan, and settle matters, but in
dealing with brimstone and pitch they sometimes
get caught in their own trap, and have to bless
their unlucky stars for the unlooked-for dilemma.
The late Duke of MODENA has left some memorials
of his genius in writing, which have turned out to
be anything but pleasant. He had penned a docu-
ment or two on the character of the Emperor
NAPOLEON, which serve now to commend the in-
gredients of the poisoned chalice to his own ducal
lips! Here is retribution with a vengeance! Re-
tribution which has pleaded the Duke's return to
despotic power, or any power at all, in a spirit the
very reverse of all his Bourbon hopes ! The Duke
penned a letter, and is now asked to expound it !
Verily the late war, though brief in its doings,
promises to be great, and we hope lasting in its
results, if it stamp the fiat of Europe on Italian
Independence. That matters strongly tend in that
direction may be indicated from recent events.
It was but the other day that Lord PALMERSTON,
on his return from Osborne, suddenly summoned a
Cabinet Council. The announcement startled the
public, for it was a very unusual proceeding. And
what was the occasion ? That's the question. It is
said that a Prophet has no honour in his own coun-
try, but we may learn the truth from another, and
we think the following, from Galignani, will go
far to the solution of this grave point :
" A Paris letter in the Nord says :—` There

appears not to be any doubt that the Pleni-
potentiaries at Zurich cannot agree about many
,oints connected with the peaC3 signed at Villa-
frk ince, and the opinion is becoming every day
strt Inger that a Congress must beheld. France and
Bus 51a have already decided in favour of that meet-
ing, ,and it has also been demanded by Sardinia,
ever I ;ince the morrow of Villafranca. The English
Minis try, which had reserved its opinion,
also
decide, d in favour of a Congress at its last extra-
ordina; ry Cabinet (,'ouncil. It will certainly be ac-
cepted by Prussia. The only doubt is, therefore,
as to w, hat Austria will do. She was at first ex-
eQedin,gl3 • hostile to the convoking of a Congress,
in he was fearful of being completely iso-
late& But in presence of the difficulties which
have arisen during the negotiations at Zurich, of
the march of events in Italy, and the manifesta
tions of the national assemblies—in presence, too,
of th e declaration of the French Government of its
deter urination neither to adopt nor tolerate any
viole at measure against the free decision of' the
,Italif um populations, the Austrian Cabinet begins to
)ercc dye that there is nothing to be gained by re-

sisting the convocation of a Congress. The last
despatches from Vienna affirm that Austria is hesi-
tating, and that is not far from consenting under
present circumstances. The question of a Congress
may therefore be regarded as settled." On the
question of the King of SARDINIA consenting to
the annexations which have been voted, the same
letter says :—" The acceptation of the annexation
of Tuscany, Parma. Modena, and the Legations by
the King of SARDINIA becomes more and more pro-
bable, but the ratification of a Congress will be re-
quired. All these proceedings may seem rather incom-
patible with the preliminaries of Villafranca, but it is
impossible to deny that they are the logical and
almost inevitable development of the actual state
of affairs. It is impossible to come to any other
conclusion in presence of the disposition of the
French Government, which, after fairly exhaust-
ing all the means in its power to fulfil the stipula-
tions of the treaty relative to the fallen princes,
seems now to incline to a policy more favourable
to Piedmont and to satisfying the wishes of Italy.
This supplies a positive contradiction to all the
reports of dissensions between NAPOLEON 111. and
King VICTOR EMMANUEL. There has never been
any disagreement between them.'
The course of circumstance and the march of
mind have whispered moderation to the one, and
have taught humility and a sense of decorum to
the still would-be despotic supremacy of the other.
There must be a Congress for the benefit of
the Italians not less than for a prospect of rest for
Europe from the constant alarms created by in-
trigue and fostered by intolerance.
We see that King LEOPOLD, as usual, has an
eye to business. His.family alliance with Austria
hathpers him more than he bargained for,
and he finds it not only convenient,
but imperative, to send an envoy to the
Emperor NAPOLEON at Biarritz, to plead for Aus-
tria against Italy, and in favour of his Bourbon
cousins—the self-exiled, despotic Dukes. Really
this is too bad ; but nothing is considered too
good for such " a go-between !"
Will Lord JOHN RUSSELL be sent to represent
England at the. Conference ? If so, we hope he
will have the fear of another Vienna in his heart,
and keep the honour of England and the Indepen-
dence of Italy in his mind's eye.

We have some hope that one of the most sense-
,ess strikes on record is showing symptoms of

drawing to a close. It began with a class who
were not satisfied with as much wages for ten
hours as the millions of agricultural labourers

throughout the kingdom are thankful to obtain
for three times ten hours. No one could pretend,
therefore, not even the unionists themselves, that

this was a " sedition of the belly." It was a strike
avowedly to do less for the same money. Ten hours,
forsooth, was too much for a man to work ! We

only wish that we could do our work in ten hours,
and thousands of income-tax payers will breathe
most devoutly the same aspiration. The pretexts
were the most irrational and self-refuting conceiv-
able. The market was overstocked with labour ;
it was said, therefore, let us enhance the price of
the produce of our labour ! Let us make building

cost more—the inevitable result of employing

eleven men to do what is now done by ten—and
then we shall have more work ! The building
trades of London actually sold their good English
liberty to a glib-tongued orator or two, who could
persuade them that they would each have an hour
a day more to chat and smoke ; and that the men

now least worth employing, and therefore out of
work, would obtain it, if wages were raised, and
houses made dearer ! Were it not for the distress
entailed on thousands by this folly, it would be a
subject for ridicule merely.
But gleams of common sense are appearing, and
that amongst the workmen themselves. It requires
no ordinary courage for any man to contend against
the vast majority of his own class; to be denounced
as a traitor to his order, and to offend probably the
greater part of his immediate acquaintances. All
honour, therefore, is due to men like Mr. POMEROY
and Mr. PLUMMER, who can honestly denounce the
tyranny of the Unions, and vindicate the liberty
claimed for both masters and men by the now cele-
brated " document "of the former. We are sorry
that Mr. JAMES should ever have lent his name to

a denunciation of that document; the more we re.
fleet on it the more we are satisfied that the prin

ciples enunciated in it are those merely of plain
English liberty. Mr. POMEROY'S lucid string of
questions in regard to it have never been answered,
nor can they be; and Mr. PLUMMER'S very able
speech, delivered at the preliminary meeting of t►he
nti• Strike Committee, really settles the whole
question. In a speech, which, for its ability, strong
sense, and practical character, would have been
cheered in the House of Commons itself, and which
presents a striking contrast to the senseless twaddle
of Mr. Secretary POTTER, Mr. PLUMMER observes
that, while it is indeed unfair for any master to
tyrannise over his men, the document states " that
it fully recognises the right of employers and em-
ployed, individually, to make any trade engage-
ment on which they may choose to agree."
" Why," he went on to remark, " this is d
distinct and positive acknowledgment of the
freedom of labour, or the right of every working
man to dispose of his labour to the best advantage."
Mr. PLU3IMER speaks of the Trades' Unions as
they deserve. Had they continued to be simply
benevolent societies, few, indeed, of the masters
but would have gladly contributed to their funds.
A hypocritical attempt has, indeed, been made to
represent them as still retaining that valuable
character ; but the strike, to their order, is the
answer to all such imposture. They are now, we
are told, and truly told, by an operative, " associa-
tions which have done more than anything else to
retard our progress, imperil our welfare, and
destroy our self-respect." "The history of Trades'
Unions is one of strikes, quarrels, disputes, con-
fusion, ruin, and misery. They have seldom, if
ever, effected any good, or benefit, whenever they
have departed from their legitimate object of
assisting their members in sickness, distress, or old
age ; and the sooner we have done with them,
when they depart from their proper sphere, the
better for us." He lamented the sums spent by
them in futile strikes, which might have been so
much better employed in the elevation of their
class; and added—let workmen ponder his words—
" Every working man is fully aware that n•
tyranny or despotism is more exacting or relentless
than that exercised by a Trades' Union, and every
working man who desires to behold the enfran-
chisement of his class will not hesitate in denoun-
cing the evils inflicted by the arbitrary exercise of
power on the part of these combinations." This
witnessis surely true. It reads like the record of
experience.

Mr. PLummEa told them :hat they were promised
nine hours' labour and more time to improve their
minds, while the fact was that their things were
going to the pawnbrokers' ; that they were to get
the benefit of machinery, while they were stimula-
ting inventive men to supersede labour by improved
machinery ; that they were demanding more of
their employer's profits, which would drive him to
invest his capital in something better, leaving them
to starve; that Mr. POTTER wished them to be the

: •
• I h.,
. ~ • .
„
-
„ ,DROIT -"Nni4ms
- •