The Sun.
London, England, 1859-10-28 00:00:00

THE SUN, LONDON, FRIDAY EVENING, OCTOBER 28, 1859.

THE GALES.
•
_THE METROPOLIS AND RIVER.
The accounts from all quarters tend to show the
extensive destruction to property occasioned by the
gale of 'Wednesday, and, unfortunately, the loss of
two more lives, and injury to many persons. The
vessels in the Pool have received extensive damage,
and several of the crews have been much injured.
The vessels in the tier in the Pool were consider-
ably damaged, a large number being forced from
their moorings. and driven on shore. Upwards of
GO vessels suffered in their rigging, the topmasts
being shivered and blown away like reeds; The
shore on both sides of the river below the Tower
presented a singular aspect; pieces of cordage, ,
sails, rigging, and wood being scattered about, as
though wrecks had taken place. Many of the fish-
ing vessels moored off Billingsgate were stove in
and considerably injured. While the gale was at
its height the body of a man, apparently from the
dress that of a seaman, was washed ashore at Erith.
Two -vessels, named respectively. the Joan of Arc.
and Royal Albioni were driven from their moorings
off Erith and came into violent collision, the head
of the latter being stove in, so that she eventually
filled and went down. Two of the crew are supposed
to be drowned. An old man named James Fortes-
cue was in the act of grossing- Bermondsey-street
when a stack of chimneys, blown from the roof of a
house, fell upon him and. knocked him down, crush-
ing in his skull. On raising the poor old man it
was found that he was perfectly insensible, so that
it was deemed advisable to convey him to Guy's-
hospital, where it was discovered that he was dead.
The outside walls of the premises in White's-ground,
where the recent configration took place, were blown
down with a loud crash, some portion of the frag-
nients on,anotheionseferthihing.the .roof,
and doing Much damage. A man; who is at present
unknown, was killed at Richmond. He was passing
along the road, -when a large tree was blown down
'with a terrific crash and fell upon the unfortunate man
crushing him so frightfully that when discovered he
was found to be dead. The roofs of several houses
at Mortlake were torn off, and at one place a child,
named Edward Hohnes, aged 5 years, was so se-
verely injured by the fragments falling through
the roof into the room where he was in bed that
great doubts are entertained of his recovery The
dead body of a woman was yesterday discovered
near Richmond, on the shore, and it-is believed
that she was.blown into the_ river and drowned.
The high wind and storm* on Wednesday caused
extraordinary damage in the suburbs of the metro-
polis, more especially in the more elevated districts
of the northern side. In the vicinity of Hamp-
stead, Highgate, St. John's-wood, and. Holloway
chimneys were blown down, glass houses were
completely shattered, and young trees torn up by
the roots; , and at the residence of Mr. J. M. Pem-
berton, St. Andrew's Villa, in the Finchley-road,
large stack of chimneys and a part of the roof were
carried away, and a portion of the brickwork and
fragments, having fallen on the roof, fell through
into some of the upper bedrooms, seriously injuring
some of the domestics, who were in bed at the
time. The most extraordinary occurrence, how-
ever, reported is that which took place on the
Great Northern Railway. Not only was the wind
so high that the firemen and engine-drivers of the
goods trains were compelled, in order to ensure
their personal safety, to tic themselves to portions
of their engines, but on the arrival of some of the
covered goods carriages at the goods-department
terminus, King's-cross, it was discovered that the
roofs had been completely blown off, and a con-
siderable amount of other damage sustained.

of shapes. About 1,500 deals are stated to have
been washed away, which had been stowed on the
pier. Fortunately the wind shifted to or the
damage must - have been much more serious. The
sea walls on the water' frontage of the estates of
Mi. G. Young and Mr. Le Merchant Thomas have
received serious damage from the gale, as also that
of Captain Gardiner, all within a short distance of
Ryde, and from their position peculiarly liable to
suffer from a south-easter. At Priory Point, too,
great damage has been inflicted. by the violence of
the gale, and the high tide oh the earth at the base
of the woods belonging to the estate.

trig, in the very heart of her fortresses, would com-
pletely set Italy free, F.lie was again surprised by
the news that an armistice had been concluded,
and that the two Emperors were to meet at Villa-
franca. Her astonishment was redoubled when she
learnt for the first time that Austria kept not only
Verona and Legnago, but Peschiera and Mantua,

belonging to limu'hardy, which thus lost her
strategic importance ; next, that the Emperor
Francis Joseph had formally demanded the re-
establishment of the archdukes, and that the
Emperor of the French had consented to reserve
their 'rights. The war was made " against the
will of Europe," in the MUM of the most im-
portant interests ; bloody and glorious battles had
been fought, and 100,000 men had perished; the
people whose destinies were at stake, called to arms
and invited to self-organisation, had responded to
the appeal, and victory, this time at least, had
crowned the right. Friends and enemies of Italy,
partisans and opponents of the war, expected results
proportioned to the greatness of the efforts, to the
extent of the sacrifices, and to the reasonableness of

lie hopes. The disappointment caused by the pre-
:minaries of Villafranca was immense ; and since

it has been known that the treaty of Zurich is no-
thing else than these preliminaries formally drawn
up and reduced to articles, astonishment has as-
sumed, especially in the English press, a peculiarly
vivacious character. It has been found that the ob-
ject of the war has not been attained. And when
the Moniteur announced that Austria attached to her
concessibns, as a condition sine qua non, the return
of the archdukes to their states, people have feared
to see her insensibly regaining in Italy that domina-
tion which was officially proclaimed six months ago
incompatible with the interest of France and the
repose of Europe, and which caused it to be said in
the programme of the first day that it was neces-
sary either to let her rule as far as the Alps or to
drive her beyond the Adriatic. They have seen the
Italians in arms on the right bank of the Po, Aus-
tria on the left bank, and war as the end of this
violent antagonism.

In this situation the Italian question has appeared
more complicated than ever, nearly incapable of
solution ; and it is asked by what means Italy- can
escape the fresh disorders and misfortunes that
threaten her. The English press has declared that
Europe was not condemned, like the humble Parlia-
ments of former times, toyegister in silence the im-

perial edicts, and that she had something better to
do than to ratify purely and simply the preliminaries
of Villafranca and the treaty of Zurich. Knowing
this treaty only from two incomplete and in certain
points contradictory versions, we shall wait for the
Moniteur to publish the official version of it, before
we judge it. But whatever be the text, it is evi-
dent that the arrangements of the two sovereigns
cannot content either Italy or Europe, or those
sovereigns themselves, and that nothing will be
serious and definite but what has received the sanc-
tity

.on of public right, after a thorough and solemn
discussion of the state of Italy and the will of the
Italians.

That is in the main what the English press says,
and we do not comprehend how that can excite the
bad humour and raise the bile of the officious press
of Paris and the departments. "Do you believe,"
said the Emperor of the French, in his speech at St.
Cloud," that it did not cost me ranch to retrench
openly before Europe from my programme the ter-
ritory that extends from the Mincio to the Adria-
tic ? Do you believe that it did not cost me much
to see noble illusions destroyed, patriotic hopes
vanish in honest hearts ?" _ _ .

The officious press ought to imitate closely this
modesty and frankness, and not commit the absurd
blunder of maintaining that the programme has
been fulfilled, and that the Emperor of the French
regrets having left it incomplete, and not to com-
plain of the ingratitude of the Italians, when he
confesses that he has destroyed their illusions
and caused their patriotic hopes to vanish. The
Emperor of the French, after waging war " against
the will of Europe," made peace against his own
will, and solely, he said, " because the destinies of
my country might have been imperilled." This is
another reason for rigorously examining this im-
provised solution, for seeing whether it is conform-
able to equity, to the right of the Italians, to the
situation of Austria, to the private interest of
France and the general interest of Europe. To
solve so complicated and important a question we
require an imposing tribunal, alsolute master of its
decisions, and this tribunal can only be Europe her-
self, represented by her diplomatists in a general
and sovereign congress.

FRANCE AND SPAIN.

yen

PRICE 41). STAMI.M),

herself with France as well as with any other
Power. But as members of the European commu-
nity we arc bound to notice any conjunction which
appears ominous of future disquiet. It may prove
that the present joint action of these two States
against Morocco is but part of the system which
has already been inaugurated at Rome and
Turin. To place the second-rate States of Europe
under his control at one time by judicious assist-
ance, at another by sudden severity ; to keep them
always waiting something or dreading something
from 11;in ; to make, more especially, what are
called the Latin nations the satellites of his throne,
is an Imperial theory which has often been pro-
pounded, and now seems in process of accomplish•
ment. The nearly despotic Government of Spain
may he expected to have no oljection to such an
union with France, and only some ill-judged act of
violence would-rouse the Spaniards into their old
jealousy of French domination.
There are thus two points in this question which
deserie the attention of the public. One is the
result to Morocco itself; the other is the effect on
European policy of excessive French influence in
Spain. On the first we have few misgivings.
France has enough African territory on her hands,
and Spain can with difficulty keep the few remain-
ing colonies which belong to the Crown. A year
or so since France and Spain were united in the
far East for a war on the Anamite Empire. French
missionaries, it was said, had been ill-treated, and
the Spanish of the Philippines had suffered griev-
ances from their neighbours. Great was the talk
of what France, now entered on a new career, would
do in Cochin China. An empire was to be esta-
blished which would counterbalance the possession
of India by the English, and cut off, if necessary,
the communication between Calcutta and Canton.
A respectable force of French and Spaniards sailed
for Cochin China, and the same game was played
as is meditated on this side of the globe. Now, we
are sure that if England had interfered in this
Cochin Chinese business it would have been made
a matter of the highest importance, and the
whole strength of France would have been
exerted to gain a footing in the country. Every
newspaper in .Paris would have been full of the
necessity of completing this great conquest, which
nerfidious Albion had in vain endeavoured to pre-
`.: But, happily, no notice was taken, and
accordingly all interest died out in the minds of
Frenchmen. In vain were despatches published
containing narratives of the Franco-Spanish ex-
ploits. Few people in France care about the
Anamite Empire or its humiliation, and it is likely
that the French, decimated by disease, will with-
draw altogether, or content themselves with the
occupation of one or two points on the worthless
coast. With Morocco it is likely to be the same.
The country will be of no advantage to any Euro-
pean possessor, and subjugation is not likely to
enter into the Imperial scheme. But the subjection
of Spain to French influence, and the formation of
a system in which France is the chief, and Spain,
Piedmont, the Papal States, and Naples are the
dependents, deserves the attention of every poli-
tician among us.—Timcs.

PAPER
r•Machinery dbe got ready for sea. Another -7,7fc
line-of-battle to be called the
1111,411:0ak, of ;I',:tt;-:t
25,
94 401-s, s understood, be im tely laid ?
they e slip.
Yesterday another frigate was added'fik;:the )'d":4l
fish Navy by the launch of the Narciss ,N9O gki
from Plymouth dockyard. The hour skied foi
launching was 4.15. The sides of the dockqkora a
which the vessel was to be launched were-iittt©d
with booths, to which admission was obtained by
means of tickets issued by the authorities. At
about a quarter to four o'clock Lady Ernestine
Edgcumbe, accompanied by her party, took up
a position on the platform directly under the
bow of the vessel, where they were received
by Sir Thomas S. Pasley, Mr. Peake. master ship-
wright, and other officials. Everything being in
readiness, Lady Ernestine, who was to perform the
ceremony of christening, awaited the proper mo-
ment, when, at the given signal, the bottle was
dashed against the bow of the vessel, and broken,
her ladyship at the same time prouncing the word
" Narcissus." A few seconds intervened before the
dog shores were knocked away, but even then
there vs as no sign of her starting. The usual
methods adopted to facilitate the start were called
into requisition, meanwhile the spectators were
held in suspense—but not long, for after a few
blows from some dozen or two ponderous sledge
hammers, wielded by burly shipwrights, all impe-
diment was cleared, and she glided off towards her
future home like a thing endowed with life, amid
the enthusiastic cheers of assembled thousands, and
the strains of the Royal Dockyard band. Around
.the slip jiumberless boats, crowded with spectators,
literally covered the water, and, as she glided out,
the cheers, which were led off by the master ship-
wright from inside; were re-echoed from the va-
rious ships, and taken up by those assembled on the
opposite heights. Everything passed off well, and
nothing occurred to mar the pleasure of the scene.
The lines of the frigate are beautiful, and the fol-
lowing are the principal dimensions:—

- • -
Ft. In.
Length from fore part of figure to taffrail 261 0
Ditto between the perpendiculars
Ditto of the keel for tonnage
Breadth of extreme
Ditto for tonnage
Ditto moulded - 49 It
-
Depth in hold 18 21
Burthen in tons, 2,664 83-94.

PEMBROKE, Oct. 26.—Another splendid addition
has been made to the navy. The launch of the Im-
mortalite took place yesterday, at five o'clock in the
afternoon, but as the weather was most tempestu-
ous the assemblage of spectators was unusually
small. She is a 51-gun steam frigate. The follow-
ing are her principal dimensions, viz. :—Length
between the perpendiculars 251 feet ; length of keel
for tonnage, 216 feet 14 inch ; extreme breadth, 52
feet ; breadth for tonnage, 51 feet 7 inches ; ditto
moulded, 59 feet 9 inches; depth in hold, 16 feet;

horse-power, 1,600; burden in tons, 3,058 75.94 ;
launching draught, forward 14 feet 9 inches, aft
18 feet. She is to be jury rigged, avid taken to
Portsmouth to be furnished with steam machinery,
for which purpose there are now at Pembroke a
number of seamen riggers from that port.
A further series of experiments have been tried
on board her Majesty's ship Odin, in order to test
the merits of Dr. Normandy's "aerated fresh water
apparatus," as compared with the distilling appa-
ratus of the late Sir Tassell Grant, K.C.8., and more
especially to ascertain the results as regards the
saving of fuel. Each was supplied with steam from
the same boiler, in exactly equal quantities, and it
was found that Sir T. Grant's apparatus yielded 113
gallons, while that of Dr. Normandy produced 200
gallons. The experiment was repeated with the
same result, and we understand that Captain Lord
John Hay was so pleased with Dr. Normandy's
patent as to intimate his intention to apply for the
erection of one on board his own ship, the Odin.
The committee was composed of Captains Farquhar,
Wilson, and Lord John Hay; Mr. Murdock, In-
spector of Machinery Afloat ; Mr. Price and Mr.
Downie, officers in her Majesty's dockyard.
The Beagle, 6, despatch vessel, Commander
Hay, sailed from Spithead yesterday at 3 p.m. for
the westward.

Tho Ringdove, 6, despatch vessel, Commander
Craigie, will go out of Portsmouth harbour this
morning to try her screw with its leading corners
cut off. _

The French paddle yacht Le Dauphin sailed
from Portsmouth yesterday shortly after noon for
Cherbourg. The officers of the Dauphin had pre-
viously visited the different points of interest in
the dockyard, orders having been received from the
Admiralty to that effect.
The Flamer and Grasshopper gunboats have been
moved from the steam-basin to Portsmouth harbour.
They will be ready in a few days to proceed to
their destination.
Rear-Admiral Superintendent Grey embarked
yesterday on board the Sprightly steamer, in
Portsmouth harbour, and proceeded to Spithead to
inspect the Arrogant and Mars.
- The Odin, 16, paddle, Captain Lord John Hay,
C. 8., proceeded to test her machinery, &c. ; but the
trial was not definite on account of some alterations
being still required in the ventilation of her stoke-
hole.

The screw steam corvette Clio, 21, Captain 'Mil-
ler, left Plymouth on Tuesday for South America.
The screw steam sloop Encounter, 14, Captain R.
Dew, hauled off from the sheer hulk in Hamoaze
on Tuesday, having shipped the guns from the
Snap and the Bouncer.
The paddlewheel steam-sloop Centaur, 3, Com-
mander Aplin, took on board her powder and shell
at Plymouth on Tuesday.
In consequence of the heavy gale on Tuesday, the
screw steamship Royal Albert, 121, was not re-
moved from Hamoaze to Plymouth Sound.
The screw steam frigate Mersey and another ship
of war put back to Plymouth Sound on Tuesday

night.
The following appointments were made yester-
day at the Admiralty :—W. J. Cunningham, second.
- - - --r •

iaster, to the Sea-lark ; Charles Wotton, seem

master, to the Royal Albert ; W. H. Bond and R.
Barnett, midshipmen, to the Sphinx ; W. T. N.
Barron, naval cadet, to the Odin ; Thomas W.
Bower, promoted to first class assistant engineer,
to the Bov.ncer ; Edward Parsons, promoted to
acting first class assistant engineer, to the Satellite ;
Edward Newman, promoted to acting first class
assistant engineer, to the Pelarus; and James Hop-
kins, promoted to second glass assistant engineer,
to the Bouncer.

BENSON'S 'WATCHES.
" Perfection of mechanism."--3forning Post.
Gold Watches 4 to 150 guineas.
Silver Watches
33 and al, Ludate-hill, London, L.C.
Bend 2 stamps for Benson's Illustrated Pamphlet on Watches.

0 P E RA,

OYAL ENGLISII•
COVENT-GARDEN.
multr the rnana,2:ement of Miss L. rylic and Mr.W. Harrison
'DAIS EVENING, DINO It A 11. Messrs. Sautley, If.
Atbyn, and W. Harrl:,on. Misses Pilling, TUirl-
wall, and Miss Loui3a. Pyne.
Conductor, Altrcd
DIVERTIS:3ENI ENT. Mdllts. Lequine, Pasquale, Pier-
ran, and Mons. Vandris.