The Sun.
London, England, 1859-10-01 00:00:00

AMERICA.

SOUTHAMPTON, FRIDAY.
The Arago, steamship, Captain D. Lines, arrived
at Cowes this morning, bringing New York mails
of the 17th of September, and proceeded on to
Havre. She had 18 passengers for this port, and
109 for Havre ; on freight. 60,000 dols, for England,

and 559,333 dols. for France.
The screw steamer Bavaria, which arrived last
night from New York on the 15th, brought 743,632
dols. for England; 5 passengers for this port, 24
for Havre, and 106 for Bremen.

A despatch of the 16th, from the Washington
correspondent of the New Fork Herald, says :
" Gen. Scott left here this afternoon for New
York, and will sail in the steamer of the 20th for
the Pacific. The present delicate and complicated
state of affairs at San Juan, growing out of Gen.
Harney's movements, requires great care and cau-
tion on the part of our Government to prevent a
collision. The President, in conferring with Gen.
Scott in regard to the matter, suggested the propriety
of sending some one there who was less impetuous
and more prudent than Gen. Harney. Gen. Scott at
once informed the President that he would go, and
that as soon as his instructiens were prepared he
would be ready to start. The instructions were
partially prepared and considered in Cabinet to-day.
They will probably be completed to-morrow, and
forwarded immediately to New York. The Admi-
nistration received some additional advices from

Gen. Harney, brought by the Star of the West.
There had been no material change, and matters
remained in statu quo. The Administration have
intelligence from California from sources entitled
to credit that the democracy will sweep the State.
There is a good deal of talk here now among the
friends of Douglass. that in case he fails to get the
nomination at Charleston he intends to run as an
independent candidata."
The New York herald of the 17th has the fol-
lowing on this subject :
" It will be seen from our telegraphic despatch
from Washington that the Government has deter-
mined to send the great Pacificator to the Pacific.
"When England trembled for her Indian empire,
that Government sent for Sir Colin Campbell, and
asked him, Will you take command of the army of
India ?" I will." When will you start ?' asked
the Minister. To-morrow morning,' replied the
ready chief. So, too, when the President suggested
to General Scott the propriety of sending to the
north-western extreme of our Republic some one
who was less impetuous and more prudent than
General Harney, the prompt old soldier replied,
'I will go as soon as my instructions are ready.'
In making this selection Mr. Buchanan has shown
his accustomed sagacity. None could be sent on
such a mission of peace with more propriety than
General Scott, for his antecedents assure us that he
will save the effusion of blood and effect as amicable
arrangement of the snarl which the impetuous but
gallant Harney and the hot-headed Douglas have
got into.
" After long military service General Scott began
his career as a pacificator, in which he has been as
successful as he has been as a soldier. Gen. Jack-
son sent him in that capacity to South Carolina in
1852 ; President Van Buren availed himself of his
judgment to settle the Aroostook difficulty in 1837 ;
by President Taylor he was despatched to Buffalo
during the Canadian war in 1841; and President
Polk entrusted him with the pacification of Mexico
in 1847. In each of these arduous and varied mis-
sions he exhibited a rare combination of prudence
and sagacity, qualities which now fit him for the
occupation of the White House, and make him the
most valuable candidate for the Presidency in the
stormy election that is to come off next year. From
the time of the last war with England to the war
with Mexico he has borne the double honours of
tile first soldier and the great pacificator of the
Republic.
" The spoilers, politicians, and cunning schemers
of party tactics are fond of. asserting that he is too
old for the White House and not energetic enough
for the Presidency. The events of the last few days
give to these assertions an emphatic contradiction.
The 15th of the present month saw him at West
Point preparing for a grand review of the cadets.
That evening a despatch informed him that his
presence was needed at Washington. At sunrise
the next morning he was on his way ; the 15th
found him at the capital, and on the 16th he was
on his way home to prepare to start on the 20th on
a voyage of six or seven thousand miles to our
farthest frontier. Some of our younger sol-
diers and a great many of our public men would do
well if they could follow his example."
The Herald, commenting upon the above intelli-
gence, remarks :
"Our special despatch from Wasington announces
that Lieutenant-General Scott has been ordered to
the Pacific. General Scott goes to the Pacific to
manage the difficulty which has recently sprung
up between Gnat Britain and the United States re-
specting the boundary of the territories of the two
countries in that region. The latest accounts from
the island of San Juan, the focus of the trouble, aro
to the 13th ult. At that date quiet prevailed, and
the British and American forces remained as pre-
viously reported—the British vessels at anchor in
the harbour, and the United States' troops in camp
on shore. But it was also reported that General
.Harney had ordcdcd all the troops at his disposal
to reinforce the command on the island, while
Governor Douglass has directed additional British
vessels of war to rendezvous at that point. Special
messengers from both these commanders recently
reached Washington. Colonel Hawkins, the mes-
senger of Governor Douglass, tarried long, enough
to deliver despatches to Lord Lyons, the British
Minister, and then sailed for England to apprise
the British Government of the state of affairs.
Although it is not apprehended that serious con-
sequences will result from the action of General
Harney, yet the President deems the matter to be
of such gravity as to require the supervision of the
skilful and cautious Lieutenant-General of the
army."
The !following telegraphic despatch, dated the
16th of September, had been received from Wash-
ington :
" The late Convention between Great Britain and
the Republic of Guatemala has not excited a re-
newal of angry controversy between this country
and Great Britain,' as was recently predicted by the
English press. On the contrary, both Govern-
ments are still animated by the hope that their
Central American differences will be happily ad-
justed. The larger part of the Belize had never
been the subject of actual survey, as was officially
declared by Lord Grey in 1836 ; and the above-
mentioned convention, it is said, merely definitely
fixes its territorial limits; which act was intended
by Guatemala as a barrier to British encroachments
on its soil. This arrangement is claimed to be in ac-
cordance with the Dallas-Clarendon treaty, a clause
of which, in effect, substantially consenting to such an
arrangement, having been ratified by the United
States, while the treaty was defeated by that body,
owing to a clause therein of an anti-slavery charac-
ter. The other points proposed to be settled in the
same treaty—namely, with regard to the island of
Ruatan, and the surrender of the Musquito Protec-
torate to Nicaragua, will be placed in charge of Mr.
Wyke, the new British Minister, and it is thought
that these questions will be adjusted by him to the
satisfaction of all parties concerned, Great Britain
having undertaken to remove the obstructions to
the full force of the Clayton-Bulwer treaty. If any
dissatisfaction exists, it is because Great Britain
has first settled the point which is of the most im-
portance to her ; but this may be the result of
accident, Sir William Gore Ouseley having pre-
viously sought to surrender the Mosquito Protec-
torate to Nicaragua, but in terms unsatisfactory to
that Republic. What he has failed to do it is confi-
dently expected his successor Mr. Wyke will accom-
plish. Such is believed to be the condition of
affairs, according to information derived from intel-
ligent sources. At all events, if there are any un-
intentional errors in the above brief exposition,
they do not materially affect the facts recited in
connection with this subject."
It is stated in a despatch from Toronto, on the
16th, that all the departments of the Government
were moved to Quebec, the future seat of the Go-
vernment, and that the Governor-General left on
the day previous.
By the arrival of the overland mail we have news
from San Francisco to the 22d of August, two days
later than the advises brought via the Isthmus.
Business continued dull, and the prices of mer-
chandise unaltered. Favourable repot ts continued
to be received from the mining districts. No arrivals
from Atlantic ports are reported. The Mohave
Indians were still very troublesome, and nothing
but severe chastisement would reduce them to sub-

jection.
COMMERCIAL INTELLIGENCE.
The sales of cotton at New York on the 16th were limited
to some 300 or 400 bales. Dealers were disposed to, awatt
the receipt of later foreign news by the Persia, before (king
much. Flour was in good supply, and pricca were lower,
especially for medium and common grades. Southern flour
was less active, and the lower qualities were easier. Wheat
was again heavy, and all kinds below choice new white
(wanted for milling) were lower. Freights engagements
were moderate, owing to the views of owners being above
thoie of shippers.

FATAL FIGHT.--*--On Thursday. Mr. Settle, coroner
for Stockton-on-Tees, held an inquest at the Town-hall on
the body of Edward Gordon, tailor, aged 29, who had come
to his death in a fight with a fellow-workman named John
Ward, in a shop where they were employed. The jury,
after hearing the evidence, returned a verdict of " Man-
slaughter" against Ward, but bail was accepted,

THE CONSPIRACY AGAINST THE
SULTAN.

CONSTANTINOPLE, Sept. 21.—During the last
days the sole topic of conversation has been the

conspiracy which was to have broken out last
Saturday, but which was fortunately discovered
two days before. The most exaggerated state-

ments respecting it were, and still are, current.

The most distinguished name connected with the

affair is that of llussein Pacha, who was at the
defence of Kars, and who was afterwards defeated

by the Montenegrins at Grahovo. He was arrested

at Yanina. Djeffar Bey leaped overboard from the
boat in which he was being conveyed to prison,
and was drowned in the Bosphorus, but the com-
mission which has been constantly sitting has ob-
tained possession of documents which give the most
ample information as to the names and objects of
the conspirators, although it was supposed that
Djeffar Bey had others of considerable importance
about his person.

The discovery of the plot seems to have been made
through Hassan Pacha, commander of the Black Sea
forts, to whom overtures were made by the conspi-
rators, and who had the wit to adjourn the negotia-
tions until he had time to warn the Government of
the existence of the peril. Most of the military men
concerned are, like Hussein and Djeffar, Circassians
or Kurds ; few Turks being mixed up with it; but
it is said, though the fact is scarcely credible, that
some of the Italian and Hungarian refugees aro
concerned in the matter. The Government has, how-
ever, promised to communicate to the public the re-
sult of the inquiry, but it is doubtful if the whole truth
will be stated as regards the motives and objects of
the conspirators. It is stated on good authority that
among the documents seized are the addresses to the
foreign ambassadors, setting forth the necessity of

the revolution, as the sole means of averting
the ruin of Turkey. They point to• the weakness
and to the silly extravagance of the Sultan and his
household, which not only impoverishes the exche-
quer, but which has so far exceeded his means that
multitudes of persons are reduced to great straits,
from their inability to obtain payment for the
articles they have furnished to the palace. A few
great pachas, according to the addresses, have grown
enormously rich at the expense of the public, and
have set an example of covetousness and peculation
in high places which has spread like a gangrene
through the whole administration. While those
evils were suffered to exist all reform was hopeless;
and, since the Sultan had been deaf to the counsels
of those who desired to save Turkey from ruin, no
other course was left but to put a more energetic
ruler in his place, should it be absolutely necessary,
but at any rate to sweep away those overgorged
leeches who are draining the very lifeblood of the
country and encouraging the Sultan in his waste-
fulfollies for their own advantage. _ _ _

In all this there is too much truth. Mehemet
Ali Pacha, Grand Admiral, and Riza Pacha, Seras-
kier, both brothers-in-law of the Sultan, have accu-
mulated offices, the duties of which they cannot pos-
sibly fulfil efficiently, but of which they absorb the
legitimate and illegitimate emoluments ; nor are
they the only ones who have arisen from the lowest
and even the vilest occupations to the possesssion of
dignities and of enormous wealth. The extreme
penury of the Treasury and the urgent wants which
have had to be supplied at a ruinous sacrifice are
matters of public notoriety. But the measure
of the patriotism of these millionaire pachas
may be guessed by the fact, that on every
occasion it is to the Christian merchants and
bankers that the Minister of Finance has had
recourse, and that in the various loans to the Govern-
ment, many of them projected with the express view
of aiding in the reform of the currency, no Turk of
wealth or position has ever taken part. They re-
ceive, but, like the grave, they give nothing back.
The pay of the army is in arrear, and yet the Sultan
is making costly presents, and is proposing the pur-
chase of land at the back of his new palace of
Dolma Bagtche to the value of ninety millions of
piastres, or about £BOO,OOO, owing as he does already
five or six times that sum, which he cannot pay. If
the Sultan is aware of those facts he is insane and
unfit to govern ; if he is not aware of them, the
Ministers who so grossly abuse their position and
neglect their duty as to leave him in ignorance of
matters so important, richly merit the fate to which
the conspirators consigned them. It will be impor-
tant for Europe to watch the measures which will
now be taken ; they will show either that the spark
of vitality which England has sought so anxiously
to keep alive still exists, or that the Turkish em-
pire has fallen into that state of hopeless decrepi-
tude that we have nothing to do but look on quietly
at its dissolution, and hail the advent of the new and
stronger power which shall replace its present 'ru•
lers. If the government possesses either energy or
capacity it will seize this golden opportunity of
pushing forward the necessary reforms, which
have been deferred by the dread of such a plot as
that which has been so fortunately frustrated. In
such a course the physical aid of the great powers
would not be wanting should there be danger of
serious opposition, and we shall now see how far
the Sultan and his ministers are serious in their in-
tentions as to the Hattihumaion.
Some of the Paris papers give copious and in-
teresting details of the conspiracy It appears that
there were a good many Circassian officers among
the conspirators. As to the number of arrests,
one letter says that there were 500 the first day, and
that by the 21st inst. they amounted to 2,500. The
conspiracy made many recruits, some of them men
of much importance. They included a great
number of officers, and even non-commissioned offi-
cers and soldiers of Artillery, Engineers, and the
Guard. The number of officers comprised is esti-
mated at not less than 850. There was a regular
organisation. The society was divided into two
classes, chiefs and associates„
Only the chiefs knew each other; the associates
knew only their chiefs, each of whom grouped
around him 100 to 150 men. I believe I may
affirm that this society reckoned scarcely less than
15,000 to 18,000 men. The following was the plan
of the conspirators :—When the Sultan should be
returning from the mosque, or when at night he
should leave his kiosk at Tophaneh to return to the
palace with his habitual escort of palace officials
and domestics, he was to be allowed to reach the
narrowest part of the street which runs pa-
rallel with the Bosphorus from Tophaneh to
Dolma Bagtchi. In that part is the post of
Cabutach. The officers and the soldiers were to
carry off the Sultan. All had been gained over,
or nearly so, and the officer answered for his
men. The Sultan taken, rockets were to be thrown
from the stairs of Cabutach, and to serve as a signal
to the regiment quartered at Koolalee, some dis-
tance up the Bosphorus, on the opposite side. This
regiment was to go by detachments to arrest the
Minister of War, Riza Pasha, in his Tali, at Bailer-
bey, and the Grand Vizier, Aali Pasha, and the
Minister of Foreign. Affairs, Fund Pasha, at their
• ialis at Canlidja."

PRESENTATION OF A CLOCK TO THE REV. HENRY
ALLox.—We are glad to learn that the services of this
able and eloquent preacher, so well known both on the
platform and in the pulpit, are fully appreciated by those
who have the benefit of his spiritual teachings. A superb
clock may now be seen at Mr. Bennett's, watchmaker, 66,
Cheapside, purchased of him by the subscriptions of Union
Chapel, for presentation to the rev. gentleman. The de-
sign consists of two fine bronze figures representing Science
and Art standing on a variegated green marble base,
circled with a bronze wreath of flowers. In the tablet sup-
porting the clock is embedded a bronze bas-relief symbo-
lical of the fine arts. Under this is engraved the following
inscription :—" Presented to the Rev. Henry Allen, mini-
ster of Union Chapel, Islington, by the church and con-
gregation assembling therein, as an expression of their high
appreciation of his ministerial character and labours, their
cordial esteem for him as a friend and pastor, and their
confident hope that the blessing which has already crowned
his efforts will be the earnest of still richer blessings in
years to come. October, 1859."
IMPORTATION OF BASE HALF-CROWNS.—The
Manchester police are on the watch with a view to defeat
the operations of a gang of coiners, who have accomplices
in the city for receiving and distributing among unwary
shopkeepers the products of their nefarious industry. On
Tuesday Mr: Watson and another detective officer watched
'at the Fox Inn, Victoria-street, the arrival of a person for
whoni a heavy brown paper parcel had been loft there " to
ba called for." The address on it was "John Clegg." In
the course of time a person culled for and got the parcel.
The officers seized him in the street. - He called himself
John Clegg, but refused to give any further information
about himself. On Opening the parcel it was found to con-
tain.basb half-crowns .to the amount of £7 7s. 6d. ' They
*ere rolled in paper parcels, and all enclosed in a quantity
of hay. Clegg was on Wednesday brought up at the city
police court. He refused to say who had sent him the
parcel, and was remanded till Monday for further inquiry.
—Manchester Guardian.