The Sun.
London, England, 1859-03-17 00:00:00

I 1 ( ) GYAARLD EN En
nNdGe rl it
ih
Se
H sole PS? nPa gEe mR enAl. - of 1 IrCI Ps sVLouisa
ryne and Mr. W. Harrison -

'l' HIS EVENING will be presented an entirely new and
romantic era, by Mr. W. Balfe, entitled SATANELLA ;
or, ME POWER OF LOVE.

Conductor—Mr. Alfred Mellon.

And a newl.allet of action, ROBERT AND BERTRAND.
Messrs, Payne, Miss Morgan, Mdlles. Morlachi and Pasquale.

Com'inenee at Seven,

THEATRE-ROYAL, DRURY-LANE,
Lessee—Mr. E. T. Smith.

THIS EVENING, will be performed the original English
Ballad Opera, entitled WILLIAM AND SUSAN. William
Mr. Haigh ; Susan, Miss Lucette.
l'o conclude with the new pantomime, ROBIN HOOD ;
or. Harlequin Friar Tuck and the Merry Men of Sherwood
Forest.

pOYAL PRINCESS'S THEATRE.
Under the Management of Mr. Charles Kean.
THIS EVENING, will be presented Shakspere's Tragedy
of ' MACBETH.
Lady Macbeth, Mrs. C. Kean: Macbeth, Mr. C. Kean.

-
Atter which, a new grand Christmas Pantomime, entitled
TELE KING OF THE CASTLE ; or, Harlequin Prince
Diamond and Princess Brig,hteyes.

THEATRE-ROYAL, HAYMARKET.
Lessee, Mr. J. B. Buckstone.
THIS EVENING, an entirely new comic drama, called
IHE YOUNG MOTHER.

A new Comedy, MILLINER TO THE KING; or, The
Royal Salute. Mr. and Mrs. C. Mathews.
With NOTHING TO WEAR. Mr. and Mrs. C. Mathews.
To conclude with JACK'S RETURN FROM CANTON,

Commence at 7.

.13,0YAL LYCEUM THEATRE.
Manager, Mr. Edmund Falconer,
Engagement of Mr. and Mrs. Barney Williams.
THIS EVENING, will be produced BORN TO GOOD
LUCK, Mr. B. Williams.
After which, LAW FOR LADIES. Mrs. B. Williams.
To conclude with IRELAND AS IT WAS. Mr. and Mrs
Barney Williams.
Reduced Prices—Dress Boxes, 4s. ; Upper Boxes, 3s. ; Pit,
2s. ; Stalls, ss. ; Gallery, Is.
Box-office open from 11 to 3 daily. Doors open at half-past
6 to commence at 7 every evening.

NEW THEATRE - ROYAL, ADELPHL
Sole Proprietor and Man:lo.er, Mr. Benj. Webster.
This EVening, DOMESTIC ECONOMY. John Grundy,
Mr. Wright.
After which THE BENGAL TIGER. Mrs. A. Wigan,
J. L. Toole, Mr. Billington, Mrs. A. Wigan, Miss Arden.
To be followed by THE FIRST NIGHT. Mr. A. Wigan
and Miss Keeley.
To conclude with THE INVISIBLE PRINCE. Mr. J. L.
Toole, Miss Woolgar, Miss Arden, Miss Keeley, Miss Kate
Kelly.

Acting ilanager—Mr. Wm. Smith.
Doors open at a quarter-past six—Commence at seven. Box
Office open from 10 to 5 —no charge for booking. No fees to
servants permitted. A registry kept of all articles found.

ROYAL STRAND THEATRE,
Lessee and Directress, Miss Swanborough
This Evening, will be presented MATRIMONIAL PRO-
SPECTUSES.
Atter which, the new Extravaganza, KENILWORTH ; or
Ye Queene. ye Earle, and ye Maydenne
And THE BONNIE FISHWIFE. .
Commence at 7 o'clock.

A STLEY'S ROYAL AMPHITHEATRE,
Westminster-road.
Lessee and Manager Mr. William Cooke.
Brilliant and unprecedented success of the new Dramatic
Spectle.
THIS EPENING the performaacnces commence with a grand
new Spectacle, from the pen of R. Phillips, Esq., interspersed
with extraordinary hippodramatic effects and .strildng situa-
tions, in three Acts, and entitled THE HU/sMRED
CUIRASSIERS. Produced with new scenery, mechanical
arrangements, gorgeous in I characteristic costumes, elabo-
rate equestrian and spectacular appointments, and the hand-
somest Stud of Horses in the world. Characters by Messrs.
Holloway, Phillips, Anson, Francis, Anderson, M. Howard.
Herbert ; Mesdames Dowton, Blanche, Julia Weston, Thorne,

To be followed by SCENES IN THE CIRCLE, Intro-
ducing Miss Kate Cooke, Miss Emily Cooke, Madame Blanche,
Madame Bridges, Maddlle. Fleurette, and Madame Fran-
cisco, being tne greatest amount of female equestrian talent
ever seen in one night at any theatre. Grotesques : Messrs.
Hemming and Thorne.
To conclude with the CAPTAIN IS NOT AMISS.
Dress Circle, 4s. ; Boxes, 3s. ; Pit, 2s, ; Gallery, ls. ; Upper
Gallery, 6cl.
Stage Manager, Mr. R. Phillips.

CANTERBURY HALL, Westminster-road,
Proprietor--C. MORTON.

The üblic is most-respectfully informed that the FINE
ARTSGALLERY, in connection with the above Hall, IS NOW
OPEN DAT AND NIGHT, from 11 o'clock a.m. until 12
)'clock p.m. The New Gallery contains an extensive Collec-
Jon of Pictures, by Ancient and Modern Masters !and is also
devoted to Art productions generally. The Proprietor feels
he may confidently assert that, viewed altogether, the exist-
ing Musie Hall, the New Fine Arts Gallery, and the recently
added Ante-Hall, will present an attraction which, whether
as regards the architectural beauty of the structures them-
selves, or the varied and hitherto unattempted combinations
within, will be found to be wholly without parallel in the
Kingdom.

The MUEITCAL ENTERTAINMENT commences as usual at
Seven o'clock.

In addition to the usual entertainment, the SALTVLET
FAMILY, of Amsterdam, Eight in number, whose varied
instrumental performances have created so marked a sensa-
tion in the principal cities and towns of the Continent, will
perform every Evening at Nine and Eleven o'clock.

THE WEATHER.-Syx OFFICE, MARCH 17.

THERMOXETER, IN THE SHADE.
59—highest since noon yesterday.
52—lowest this morning and during the night.
56—this day at noon.

BAROMETER-29.70.
WIND,. South-Westerly; blowing very fresh, with
squall,' dull weather.

THE SUN.

THURSDAY. MARCH 17, 1859.

Lord joirs RUSSELL'S Bankruptcy and Insol-
vency Bill has received its second reading in the
House of Commons. Although we confess that, as
a whole, we prefer the Lord Chancellor's measure,
we freely and willingly admit that there are many
valuable points . contained in that of Lord JOHN
RUSSELL which may fairly be amalgamated with
that of Lord CHELMSFORD. The question is one
which cannot by any possibility be one of party.
Every one, no matter what may be the shades or
varieties of political opinion which he possesses
—whether he be a Derbyite, Palmerstonian,
or Russellite— whether he pins his faith on
Bracau or ROEBTJCK, or any other gentleman
who can command a moderate following, or, as
used to be- said in the days of the late DANIEL
CMONNELL, " wag a respectable tail," will be
equally interested in bringing the disputed topics
to a settlement alike beneficial to all parties con-
cerned. It may be supposed that the interests of
debtors and creditors must inevitably be antago-
nistic—that they are, in fact, natural enemies, and
that every injury inflicted on the one must be gra.
tifying to the other. This is, however, a grave
mistake—a serious error. If angry feelings could
be eradicated, if the opposing parties could be
induced to pull together, and strive to render
what remained of the estate as productive as pos-
sible, it would be a great matter ; but, as SAM
SLICK pertinently remarked, human nature is
human nature," and we can scarcely expect that
either trader or non-trader will devote his time and
trouble for the purpose of realising assets no por-
tion whereof will be applied to his own use.

It has been stated, and with some foundation,
that Lord JOHN RUSSELL'S is altogether a creditor
bill, and Lord CHELMSFORD'S, in many respects, a
lawyer's measure. Now, should not a third party
be represented? Should not the honest but unfor-
tunate debtor, who would willingly pay if in his
power, and surrenders every particle of property,
real or personal to which he is entitled, either in
possession or reversion, have some voice raised in
his favour? We know that these men are in many
quarters regarded as a social Pariah to be reprobated
by the civic Brahmins, who frequently com-
mit far greater errors than any into
which he has been betrayed by the
pressure. of circumstances. They rail at the man
unable to net his pecuniary liabilities. He may
be a loving husband, a kind father, a generous
friend; but his hill has been dishonoured, and a
dungeon must be his doom.

If he has contracted that debt by fraud, if he
has increased it by a vexatious defence, or had no
just and reasonable expectation of defraying it at
the time it was incurred, let him be Punished by
all means. But let the party who sentences him
to that punishment be an experienced, learned, and
unprejudjped man, restrained by the influence of
an attending bar, and by the knowledge that
every decision which he pronounces will probably
be reported, and possibly reviewed in the public
journals. It should not be a vindictive creditor

rendered angry by the loss 'of money which he
might not be well able to spare, who should have
the power of incarceration placed in his hands, and
of rendering nugatory all the efforts which the
debtor is striving to make for the general arrange-
ment of his affairs. SYDNEY SMITH is reported
fo have said that—" the worst possible
use to which you could put a man was
to hang him." We are not quite certain
that it would not be better to do so than to
incarcerate him for a protracted series of years in
a debtor's prison, where he could do no good either
for his QUEEN, his country, his creditors, his family
or himself.

The great matters to be accomplished are—First.
the total abolition of imprisonment for debt, save
on the sentence of a competent tribunal (and that
not a County Court). Secondly, the complete
removal of the distinction between bankruptcy
and insolvency, so far as the future interests of
the insolvent debtors are concerned. We could
cite many cases within our knowledge where the
effect has been to produce a total alteration in a
will, and was thus very injurious to the debtor,
without being in the slightest degree beneficial to
the creditors. If there be a vested interest, or
contingent remainder, one which, if the insolvent
survives, will in all human probability come into
his possession, it is right and proper that it
should, when actually realised, be made liable for
his obligations. But a possible claim should not
be sold for a mere song, the bargain being only
useful to the " hard calculator " who has entered on
the speculation.

The matter is one worthy of the most serious
consideration. At present the average cost of
working small estates through bankruptcy is £l5O,
or 50 per cent. on the realised assets. They
manage matters far better, in this respect, in Por-
tugal than in Basinghall-street. The machinery is
more simple, the costs comparatively trifling, and
the funds, large or small, speedily made available
for the parties entitled thereto.

There is a talk on the other side of the Atlantic
of an impeachment of President BUCHANAN and
his Ministers—on charges of the grossest official
corruption, charges founded upon the recent report
of the investigating committee of the House of
Representatives. And at this very time Mr. COB-
DEN is making the tour of the States in America
with a view, as many suppose, to discover, if pos-
sible, how far we may wisely modify our legislative
reforms upon the model of those democratic insti-
tutions. Certainly we can have little to learn in
the way of political morality from the Republican
Executive at Washington. There may be, there
undoubtedly is, more apparent economy in the state
expenditure, year by year, in the great North
American Republic. There our brethren in the
United States are without the incubus of our almost
overwhelming civil list. They are without the
stupendous burthen of a national debt, amounting
to the frightful aggregate of £800,000,000. They are
not drained of annual taxes (as we were during this
last year 1858), to the tune of £63,000,000. They
are without the necessity of keeping up an
army of 200,000 men, at the cost of nearly
£12,000,000, toiethei with a naval force including
nearly 250 vessels actually in commission, manned
by 59,000 seamen and marines, and requiring an
expenditure in 1858-9 of fully £9,000,000. They
are without the trammels of red tape wound
serpentwise round the Laocomi of England, Ireland,
and. Scotland. They are in no way poisoned by
the upas of a patrician race, growing, like the
banyan tree, all over this favoured land of ours,
under "the cold shade of the aristocracy." They
may have bunkum—but they have not the
barnacles. They rejoice in the possession of stump-
orators to no end, and of unnumbered filibusters—
but they are free from the race of the Viponts.
They have plenty of Knownothings—but they have
by no means the multiplicity of Do-nothings, bat-
tening upon the State within the limits of the
United Kingdom. Still the shield, though
silvery white by comparison upon one side—
is black as Erebus on the other. If
there were any need. for the demonstration of
this latter assertion in regard to the democratic
constitution of the United States, proof positive
of the fact is readily proved to hand in the report
of the investigating committee of the House of
Representatives at Washington. According to
that report official corruption was never more flag-
rant—not even in the latter years of the reign of
Louis PHILIPPE, King of the French—when
" rank and place were bought and sold," when M.
TESTE, though a flagrant exemplar of the prevail-
ing system, was by no means an exceptional phe-
nomenon. So thoroughly does this bane of official
corruption permeate the whole system of things
in the United States, according to the authorita•
tive report already specified, that a parallel to
the situation can only be discovered by the
New York Tribune, in the instance of the late
imperial pillager of Hayti, the Emperor SouLoußuu.
The association of official corruption in America,
moreover, is not directed vaguely, or at random, in
more general terms, by the power of the United
States, or by the report of the House of Represen

tatives. The President himself, JAMES BUCHANAN

is distinctly charged with direct participation in
the fostering and development of this gangrene of
official venality. He is declared to be guilty of
" more than tacit complicity." His impeachment,

and the impeachment of his Ministers, upon the
charge of corruption, is pronounced by the public
prints of America to be a mere question of time.

It is not to be looked for, the New York Tribune
observes, " this session"—implying it may be looked

for in another. Altogether it is a melancholy spectacle
enough this view of the official corruption of the

powers that be at Washington. Advantages of
many kinds cannot fail to follow from the bare fact

of these same most deplorable revelations. There
—in the United States themselves—the diminution
if not the total extinction of the evil system is
inevitable as one of the earliest consequences.
Here—the disclosure in a manner so glaring of the
truth, otherwise,
we may presume. just possibly
within the range of popular conjecture, namely,
that the political system in the American Republic
quite Perfection, may tend in a great mea-
sure, not
relet us hope, to dissipate the frivolous delusion
which had prevailed of late
amongst the most hake-
warm— of our so-called Reformers the preposterous
delusion that there is a peril incurred of our going
so ra r
we
in s
h ouroul d
imitation of the American system
that
run the hazard of subverting our
Constitution.

Lord John Russell andLordPalmerston abstained
from voting on the motion for the abolition of church rates.
Lord Stanley voted for the second reading of Sir jou,
Trelawny's bill, and Sir John Pakington against it.
Lord John Russell's resolution relative to the
Reform Bill is placed on the list of motions of which notice
was given on Tuesday—as "an amendment to the question
for the second reading of the Representation of the People
Bill."

At the anniversary meeting of the Statistical
Society on Tuesday, it was stated that Lord John Russell
had acceded to the request of the council to be placed in
nomination for the office of president in succession to Lord
Stanley.

Madame Goldsehmidt and her husband will, it is
said, visit Leeds in the autumn, and give their services gra-
tuitously at a grand concert in aid of the Leeds Mechanics'
Institution,

LATEST NEWS.

The following telegrams have been received at
Mr. Reuter's office :

PARIS, THURSDAY,

The Emperor will receive to-day the Prussian
Ambassador, Count Pourtalis, in a private

audience.

Various rumours are afloat.

It is said that the Lyons Railway Company has
received orders to keep its line in readiness for the
transport of 75,000 men.

It is also asserted that the squadron which
recently left Toulon is to proceed to Algiers for the
purpose of embarking troops at that place.
It is further reported that the conferences for
examining the election of Prince Couza have been
adjourned to an indefinite period.

BERNE, MARCH 16

Masses of conscripts from Lombardy are passing
from Valteleine through the Canton Grisons into
Piedmont.

The Austrian authorities have transported all the
public treasures, records, and registers to Sondrio,
chief town of the Valteleine.

ST. PETERSBURG, WEDNESDAY.

An imperial decree, dated March 10, prohibits
the exportation of horses from Russia and the King-
dom of Poland across the European frontiers.

MARSEILLES, MARCH 16.
Advices have been received from Constantinople
to the 9th inst.

The journals contain nothing new. Letters state
that in all parts of the Principalities preparations
are being made to offer resistance in case Prince
Couza's election should be cancelled.

The English ambassador expressed himself
strongly as to the necessity of making concessions
to the Roumans.
The Governor of Bosnia writes that he has dis-
covered an extensive conspiracy to bring about a
new insurrection, which was on the point of break-
ing out, and which extended to Montenegro. The
Governor demands reinforcements.

The army of observation on the Danube is in a
disorganised condition, and desertions, especially
among the Redifs, are extremely numerous. The
state of the finances is unaltered.

Disorderly bands have been committing plunder
in Candia, have insulted the English Consul, and
demanded his dismissal.

FRANCE.

PARIS, WEDNESDAY,

Lord Cowley is expected to reach Paris this
evening. Meanwhile nothing more is known about
his lordship's mission, but that a strong desire is
manifested in certain quarters, both at London and
Paris, to make out material for negotiating in the
clouds about the Italian question.
M. Musurus is expected to arrive in Paris to-
night, The material for opening the Conferences
is all ready at the Hotel of Foreign Affairs.
The Nuncio has received instructions to wait on
Count Walewski, and represent the danger to
which his Holiness the Pope would be exposed if the
French troops were withdrawn from Rome just now,
without permission to call the Austrians up to the
Eternal City. This is a new song from the Vatican,
very different from Cardinal Antonelli's defiance of
a few days since !
The Opinione in an article which reaches Paris
to-day says with truth :—" France now occupies in
Italy the position which England has lost." The
Opinione heads its observations by " La Guerra
inevitable," and concludes that Piedmont must ere
long resort to arms.

PARIS BOURSE.—The market has slightly im-
proved, but with a very limited amount of business
doing. Threes, after having been done at 67f. 50c.,
rallied to 67f. 70c. Mobilier varied from 765 f. to
770 f. ; Austrian, 525 f. to 527 f. 50c. ; Orleans, 1,330 f.
to 1,332 f. 50c. ; Lyons, 825 f. to 827 f. 50c. The
following were the last quotations :

41 per Cents. 94
Do. end month —
3 per Cents. 67 451
Do. end month 67 45
Bank Shares 2850
Credit Mobilier
Do. Account

Cre'clit Fonder
Belgian 4f . —
Piedmontese (5) 7B
Roman B5
Austrian
Spanish Threes
Home Debt —

RAILWAYS.

Cash. Account.
Orleans
Northern 917 50 .. 915
New ditto
Lyons and Mediterranean B3O .. 826 25
New ditto
Geneva 525 .. 527 60
Midi .
Southern
'Western 595 .. 590
Eastern
Grand Central
Sardinian 395 .. 395
Austrian
Exchange on London, at sight, paper, 25f. 15c. ; money,
25f. 10c. ; three months, paper, 25f., 21c.; money, 24f. 97ic.

The Opinione and Indipendente of Turin both
state from Piacenza that the Austrians are actively
engaged in fortifying both banks of the Po at that
place. We get nothing from Italy to-day but a
repetition of the accounts of warlike preparations
on the part of Austria, as well as Piedmont. Every
daygeems to add to the chances of war. The Vienna
Cabinet has decided to send 50,000 more men to
Italy, which will bring the Lombard army up to
200,000.

The Military Gazette of Vienna of the 12th has
been ordered to say :—" The men on furlough
from the regiments of Italy rejoined their corps
with extraordinary promptitude the moment the
summons of the Government was made known to
them. In one regiment, which had 1,000 men on
leave of absence, all have returned but two ; and in
another, which had 1,300, all except five. In one
district 800 men assembled in 48 hours." The
desertions to Piedmont are something alarming for
the Turin authorities, who know not where to find
house-room for them. A despatch from Berne says :
—" Numbers of conscripts deserting from Lom-
bardy pass through the Grisons cantons, and pro-
ceed to Piedmont. The Austrian authorities in the
Valteline have removed all their valuables and
papers to Sondrio, the, chief town of the province."

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