The Sun.
London, England, 1835-05-05 00:00:00

THE SUN, LONDON, TUESDAY, MAY 5, 1835.

the Southern Division of Devonshire. Is there no
remedy for this alarming evil ? Yes ; there is one,
and only one effectual remedy—THE BALLOT.

The whole of the Paris papers of Sunday have
been received. On Saturday the Court of Peers held
a preliminary meeting, to arrange some matters respect-
ing the trial of the prisoners, which is to commence
to-day. The meeting was held with closed doors, but
no secret has been made of its proceedings. Baron
PASQUIER, the President of the Chamber, informed
their Lordships that he had received thirty-seven
letters from Peers, excusing themselves, under various

pretexts, for not presiding at the trials. He added that
such excuses could not be received—that the Peers of
France were called upon to co-operate in the discharge
of a solemn duty—that no plea of absence was admis-
sible, save ill-health and incapacity of assisting—and

;hat it would rest with such of their Lordships as had

resolved to support the KING and constitutional char-
ter, to take such steps as would compel the attendance
of the refractory members. The Chamber next

proceeded to regulate the mode of trial, when

it was agreed that the Court should corn
pel any advocate to plead in defence of the pri
soners, although it was added that all proper regard
should be paid to any remonstrance against such a
course on the part of the prisoners themselves. It
was next arranged that neither the fathers nor brothers
of the accused should be allowed to appear as advo-
cates in defence of their immediate relatives, and that
all questions in the course of examination, emanating
from the Court, should be proposed through the
President of the Chamber, to whom only the replies
were to be addressed. The object of this course is
to guard against any improper questions being ad-
dressed to the prisoners by Peers in their interest,
who might thereby open a door for the implication of
some of the Judges in transactions not more honour-
able, and not less deserving of punishment. The next
point settled was the time for the sitting of the Court ;
when it was resolved that the Court should sit judicially
on Tuesdays, Wednesdays, Fridays, and Saturdays,
from the hour of twelve o'clock at noon to five in
the evening ; and further that such of the Ministers as
are Peers shall preside as judges. The last resolution
is in the teeth of the protest of the prisoners, relative
to the judicial incapacity of all servants of the Crown,
they standing in the position of an interested party.
The question as to the number of Peers required to
constitute a Court was postponed till Monday, the
President having signified that it would be desirable
to leave no point relative to the constitution
and forms of the Court undecided till after
the opening of the trials. In all legislative proceedings
it is necessary that one third of the Chamber of Peers
be in attendance ; but Ministers contend that an equal
number is not requisite to enable the Chamber to dis-
charge its judicial functions. As this question has
never been mooted before, the decision upon it is of
the utmost importance.
The Bayonne Journals just received are filled with
the most conflicting statements. The Sentinelle des
Pyrenees contains a long account of a battle fought
between ZUMALACARREGUy and VALDEZ, which
lasted three whole days, and ended without either
party gaining a victory. This account, we believe to
be about as correct as SINBAD the sailor's flight with
the piece of beef out of the Valley of Diamonds. The
winged carrier being no longer a problematical appen-
dage to the fiction, we of course dismiss, as altogether
unnecessary. Another account states that General
VALDEz was at St. Sebastian on the 26th ult., at the
head of 12,000 men, and within sight of the Carlist
lines ; and a third assures us that he reached Pampe-
luna, where he had resolved to commence operations
against the malcontents. All these rumours cannot be
correct, and we leave the public to choose which is
most worthy of 0:
aid whatever.
All the foreign papers and letters received this
morning from the French frontier, state that ZUMALA.
CAREGUY had been guilty of the monstrous atrocity
of butchering a whole company of the QUEEN'S troops,
taken prisoners by the Carlists on the 22nd ult. The
butchery of these unfortunate fellows, who had laid
down their arms on a promise that their lives would be
spared, took place at the very time that an agent of
Lord ELIoT was in company with the Carlist chief,
and after he himself had pledged his honour to observe
the conditions imposed upon him by the noble emissary
of the British Government.
Mr. LIVINGSTON, the American Ambassador,
quitted Paris for the United States of America on the
Ist of May. The day following he reached Havre,
off which the frigate Constitution was lying to receive
him and his family. The American Ambassador will
merely touch at England and Holland before sailing
for New York.

Madrid Papers to the 26th April have been re-
ceived. On the 24th the Ministers were defeated in
the Chamber of Procuradores on the article in the
project of the law for regulating the internal debt,
which relates to the funding of the non-consolidated
Vales Bonds. The proposal of the Finance Minister
was that two-thirds of this debt should be consolidated;
but the Opposition contended that only half the debt
should be so disposed of. After a long and rather
violent debate on both sides, the Chamber divided,
when TORENO was left in a minority. The numbers

were--

For Ministers . ,... 41
Against them ...,... 78
Majority against Ministers... —37

The impression on the public mind in Madrid was,
that this defeat would not, in the slightest degree, affect
the stability of the Spanish Cabinet. The multifa-
rious labours of TORENO have not been able to divert
his thoughts from the subject of marriage which at pre-
sent engrosses a considerable share of his attention.
The Count is to be married in a few days, and this
happy era in the life of a Minister of Finance is thus
described by the Correspondent of a Morning Con-
temporary :—" TORENO is to be married in a few
days to one of the finest young women of Madrid.
One of the finest, for she is full of youth and health,
and en bon point, and is a widow at the age of 22,
after two months' marriage with an old gentleman, the
Marquis de VILL A MAINA. Donna PILAR CAMA-
RASA is the daughter of the Marquis of CAMARASA,
niece to the Duchess of BENEVENTE, and cousin
to the Duke of OSUNA, so that she has the best
blood in Spain in her veins, to make up for the
want of ready cash in her pocket ; but what is a wife's
portion to the Minister of Spanish Finances, who has
in a few months done so much to help the fortunes of
his bleeding country and his own. Some say the
Conde is a bold man, while others hint he is a prudent
one, as he by this connection gets two strings to his
bow—the Marquis of CAMARASA being a determined
Carlist, and one of the few Peers who refused to vote for
the exclusion of DON CARLOS and his family. With
the QUEEN in hand and DON CARLOS in prospect,
the COUNT is considered to be playing a sure game,
not to speak of a dashing young wife."
The Cortes are expected to close their labours for
this year on or about the 15th instant. They have
had a long and a laborious session, and require sor
time for relaxation. As soon as the session is r.
(DSO

ri'

the QUEEN will leave Madrid for Aranjuez, where she
will remain during the summer months.

We hear that the Middlesex Reform Club are set-

ting to work with some spirit ; and we hope they will
be supported by all true Reformers. The principles
which they enforce in their Address, are such as they
must approve. It strongly denounces the system of
profligate bribery, delusion, and intimidation, which
prevailed at the last election ; and we trust the moral
feeling and indignation of the great mass of the people
will be raised against all those, whether candidates or
others, who promote such disgraceful practices :--
" Of all possible degradations one only can exceed in dis-
grace the taking of a bribe, and that is the superlative infamy
of seducing an elector to accept it. If those electors to whom
bribes were offered possessed any honesty, any self-respect, or
any sincere desire to refrain from doing evil to their fellow-
men, they would need no instruction how to treat that man
who attempts thus infamously to corrupt his fellow-citizens.
" A considerable number of electors, who could not be in-
duced to sell their votes to their enemies, compromised their
principles so far as to refuse to vote for the candidate whom
they approved, in order to oblige a customer, or some power-
ful or rich neighbour : thus culpably consulting their own ease
by not going to the poll, they have neglected the performance
of one of the most important duties of a free man.
The elective franchise is not merely a personal right, but
a high and important public trust, which he in whom it is re-
posed should hold most sacred, and exercise fearlessly, honestly,
and punctually, without solicitation, or the prompting of any
one—a trust which he should value as an honourable privilege;
and be eager to discharge on every occasion. If every elector
were thus honest and energetic, few indeed would be the
wrongs and neglects of which Britons would have cause to
complain in the conduct of their Representatives."

The " Manchester Manufacturer" whose pamphlet
on England, Ireland, and America, formed the sub-
ject of an article in The Sun of Thursday, attributes

the present wretched condition of Ireland to three
causes—the Catholic religion—the bigotted intolerance
of England, which has nurtured that religion, by per-
secuting it, and thereby enlisting the feelings of an
easily excited people in its defence—and the national
jealousy which England has always manifested against
the commercial industry of the sister kingdom. The

extreme delicacy with which he treats the first of these

causes of national distress, is not more honourable to

his feelings, than creditable to the soundness of his
judgment, and the impartiality of his views. He
wisely abstains from all theological speculations, and
strictly confines himself to the secular effects of the
respective creeds of England and Rome. In the truth

of all that he has advanced on this subject every liberal

Roman Catholic must concur. A strict observance o'

all the forms of the Catholic religion cannot but prove

injurious to the secular interests of any country. Let
those who would gainsay this look to the calendar,

and enumerate the days dedicated to the celebration
of the memory of saints and martyrs—the weeks devoted
to fasting and spiritual exercises—and the times set

apart for sacramental preparations, and we are per-
suaded they will hold their peace. But ardent as has
been the desire of the British Government to eradicate
the Catholic creed in Ireland—as injurious to the

prosperity and dangerous to the peace of the inhabi-
tants---it is passing strange that all that has been

hitherto done for the accomplishment of this object
has not only signally failed, but even recoiled upon the
authors, by increasing the stability of the Roman
Catholic religion. Now, to what is this failure to be

attributed ? The answer is given in the pamphlet
before us—PERSECUTION. It was persecution, and
persecution only, that fostered Catholicism in Ireland.
It is persecution that maintains it now, against the
whole moral power of Great Britain. It is persecu-
tion that will continue to support it, in despite of
all the learning of which the earth, to her ut-

termost extremities, can boast. Who are now
the main pillars of the Catholic faith in Ireland ?
The Priests and Monks ? The Jesuits and other
Roman emissaries ? The Papal Bulls ? The ig-
norance and superstition of the people ? No, no.
These are but the mere accidents of the system. The
pillars of Catholicism in Ireland are the Protestant
Hierarchy, the Absentee and Fox-hunting Parsons,
the Kidnapping Bible Societies, and the scurrilous
falselioods and of tile Post,
the Standard, the Dublin Evening Mail, the Warder,
and all the other traducers of an unoffending people.
These are, in reality, the great nurturers of Popery ;
these are its main pillars ; and let them only continue
steady in their present course, and we will venture to
predict that Convents will spring up like mushrooms in
the very heart of Protestant England. Hear our
Manchester friend on this subject :
" We fervently believe that persecution—perhaps honestly
devised, but still persecution—has done for this Church what,
under the circumstances, nothing besides could have achieved;
it has enabled it to resist, not only unscathed, but actually
with augmented power, the shocks of a free press, and the
liberalizing influence of the freest Constitutional Government
in Europe.
" We shall be told that the epithet persecution no longer
applies, since all civil disabilities are removed from our Ca-
tholic fellow-subjects ; but we ask, does it not still apply as
much in principle, though not in degree, to the present con-
dition of the Irish Church, where six millions of Catholics are
forced to see the whole tithe of their soil possessed by the
clergy of one million of Protestants, as it did to the persecu-
tions of the ancient martyrs, or the auto-da-fes of modern
Spain? Is not the spirit of persecution the same, but modi-
fied to meet the spirit of the age ?"
To the closing query an answer in the affirmative
must be returned. The persecuting principle is pre-
cisely the same now in Ireland that it was in Rome
under Nero. Its agents can carry it no further, and
endeavour to obtain the merit of toleration for what, in
fact, is merely weakness. But the." Manchester Ma-
nufacturer" brings the condition of the Irish people
home to the feelings of Englishmen, by an hypothesis
as nearly parallel as can be imagined. He supposes
England to be conquered by the United States of
America, and the Congress of that haughty Republic
substituting Arianism for Protestantism as the esta-
blished creed of Great Britain ; and he then puts it to
his countrymen whether they would quietly submit to
such a state of things? The answer which every
honest Englishman would return to such a question
cannot be mistaken. Every village would " put forth
its O'CoNNELL"—aye, and every town would muster
its Association for the purpose of crushing such mon-

strous tyranny.
To destroy the power of the Catholic religion in
Ireland, we must begin by removing the flagrant
abuses of the Established Church, by following up
the spirit of the late resolution of the House of
Commons. And we must not only appropriate
the surplus revenue of the Irish Church to the edu-
cation of all classes among the Irish people, but
we must learn, besides, to treat the Roman Catho-
lics in the same tolerating spirit that we extend to all
the other bodies of Protestant Dissenters. It is an
impious assumption of the Divine prerogative in us to
persecute them for opinions on matters of faith ; and
it betrays a most insolent and dastardly spirit to be con-
tinually feigning piety and commisseration for their
spiritual blindness, which is thus converted into food
for calumny and spiritual pride.
The remedies which the " Manchester Manufacturer"
proposes for ameliorating the evils of Ireland are very
important. In the first place he recommends a Radi-
cal Reform of the Irish Church, as the only means
of soothing the feelings of the people, and preparing
them for further improvements. His next proposition
is, that it would be desirable to give encouragement to
a system of gradual voluntary emigration at the expense
of tilt State—the British Fleet now lying idle at
Va-Arla to be employed in the removal of the
V, oluntary emigrants. His third recommendation is,
I however, the most praacticadviseble,s athes welmaking of
l as the
most important. He
railroads throughout Ireland, and the establishment