The Sun.
London, England, 1866-06-21 00:00:00

THE SUN, LONDON, THUBSDAY EVENING, JUNE 21, 1866.

Part) ►, which was to have taken place at Bucking-
ham Palace on Friday next, is postponed."
As. to the Queen's return at once from Balmoral
the J.Post says distinctly--" We have reason to be-
lieve that the Queen will at once leave Scotland,
and that her Majesty may be expected to arrive at
Windsor on Saturday or Sunday."
As the semi-official organ of the Russell Cabinet,
the Globe—when announcing last evening that a
messenger had gone down to Balmoral overnight,
or, it might rather be said more accurately, towards
cockcrow yesterday morning, with a communication
from Lord Russell to the Queen—that communication
being, in point of fact, as the Chancellor has pretty
plainly intimated, the Resignation of Ministers—
took occasion yesterday to observe not only that
" Lord Russell awaits the Queen's commands be-
fore proceeding to Scotland to attend personally on
Her Majesty;" but added immediately," It is possible
that in consequence of political events the Queen's
stay at her Highland residence may be abridged,
and that it will not be necessary for those statesmen
who may have to communicate personally with her
to proceed to the North."

That such would for all but a dead certainty be
the course pursued under existing circumstances we
ourselves very clearly intimated in the plainest
possible words through •ur first leading article in
The Sun of the day before yesterday.
The Times acknowledges itself to be entirely in
the dark as to what is going to be done.
The Post avows itself to be quite sick of the whole
question of Reform—asserting, towards the close of
the article quoted by us at length in another column,
that recent discussions have " proved to the most
ordinary capacity that the people are satisfied with
things as they are, that they desire no change,"
and so forth. A most dangerous and unjustifiable
conclusion, we believe, for any one to arrive at—
a sound and comprehensive Reform Bill being in-
evitably requisite for next session, no matter what
the Government that may then be in power—
Composite or Conservative.

Austria still holds back, and delay the com-
mencement of operations in the most extraordinary
manner. Prussia is about as precipitate as her rival
is dilatory, and seems bent on exhausting all her
efforts, and putting all her schemes into execution
at once. A note has been sent from the Berlin
Government to those German Governments which
voted against the mobilisation of the Federal army,
in which they are requested to abstain from all par-
ticipation in any discussion with the Powers who
are at war with Prussia, because the adoption of
such a course would disturb their peaceful relations
with Prussia. By this time Count BISMARCK has
found out his mistake in supposing that he could
get much assistance from the minor States, and
so he is compelled, perforce, to content himself by
requesting them to keep neutral. Not much reliance
can be placed by either of the great German
Powers upon the support of these principalities,
they have nothing to thank them for ; they threw
them over in the most arbitrary manner at the time
of the Gastein Convention, and now take them up
to suit the exigencies of the moment. We should
not be surprised if they went over to the
side most likely to win when once the struggle has
fairly commenced. Silesia seems to be the grand
object of Austrian enterprise just now, and all else
is comparatively neglected or forgotten in the
eagerness and excitement of getting possession of
that territory. It is expected that the Austrian
troops will assume the offensive in Upper Silesia,
and it is indeed time that they began somewhere,
for time is maturing the plans of their opponents,

and finds them still in abeyance. News was re

ceived in Prague to the effect that their troops had
crossed the frontier on the mainland. Austria will
have enough to do with the Italians in a short time.
They expect to be attacked on three sides, at
Venice, by the Italian fleet, on the side of the Tyrol
by GARIBALDI, and by General CIALDINI, who will
cross the Po.

The con3uct of the Italians in this affair has been
most disgraceful, and Victor EMMANUEL has done
himself great discredit by his Manifesto, in which
he seems to set reason at defiance, in order to vent
his rage against Austria, and all appertain-
ing to the Austrians. He gives Austria
all the blame of this last emeute, and
even goes so far as to declare that Austria has cause
to distrust the pacific teak of reorganising the king-
dom in which he was engaged by cuddenly rein-

forcing her troops upon his frontier. How ridicu-
lous this, when all the world knows that no one
ever dreamt of interfering with Italy, and that the
truth is that the Italians thought the troubles of
Austria their opportunity of revenge. In the first
part of this manifesto, VICTOR EMMANUEL shows
that angry and suspicious feelings have been
rambling in his mind and in the minds of his
people ever since the last peace concluded with
Austria. The KING is quite wrong when he
mentions that they are supported by the "judgment
of public opinion and by the sympathy of Europe "
in the sacred cause which they have engaged in.
The sympathy of Europe has been with the Italians
in many a hard struggle, and all independent
nations have deeply regretted their position, but
not so is it now. It is impossible not to feel that
at this juncture the Italians have forfeited their
claims to our regard and confidence, and have
exhibited themselves in a manner unworthy of their
proud position and noble zeal. It is a mean thing
to take advantage of an enemy, and this warlike
demonstration in Italy is nothing but spite and
malice, and cannot be dignified by any:grand appel-
lation. There is no occasion for the enthusiasm
which seems to pervade the tone of these proclama-
tions, and nothing is so misplaced as indignation
without reason. We may dismissVlcTou EMANUEL'S
virtuous wrath and furious patriotism with the in-
difference that they deserve. The alliance between
Prussia and Italy is the more to be regretted on
account of its fettering the movements of Austria,
for it is very important that she should be the
conqueror. Unless the power of Prussia is seriously
diminished, we shall have to look out for another
war after this one is over, for the genius of the
nations of Europe is against the undue influence
of this arbitrary kingdom, and there can be no
security for the progress so necessary to this
enlightened age while Berlin is so much in
the ascendant as she has been for the last
few years. It has been decided by the Federal
Diet that Austria and Bavaria shall enter Saxony,
and the Bth Federal Army Corps, 60,000 strong,
has been concentrated under the command of Prince
ALEXANDER:Of HESSE. There is no time to lose, for
the Prussian vanguard is now very near Frank-
fort, and it will be indeed a fatal error to
let that city fall into the hands of the
enemy. It is to be presumed that in a
day or two we shall hear of the Austrians
shaking off their tardiness and at last coming for-
ward in earnest. The sooner they begin hostilities
the better, as there can be no gain in delay that can
at all compensate for the evils that are now fast
occurring around them. Skill and foresight are all
very necessary in war, but nothing can retrieve
lost ground, and the consequences of the struggle
are so momentous that it is imperatively necessary
that they should use all the means in their power to
avoid the chance of a defeat, for the fortunes and
interests of many are now in the balance.

The Fenians, it would seem, require another
lesson, for we learn by the arrival of the City of
London, from Now York on the 9th, that a force,

variously estimated at from 1,500 to 3,000 men,
have crossed the frontier under General SPEAR, a

suitable name for the leader of an invasion ! Per-
haps the Fenians selected him on the principle of
the ancients, who always endeavoured to choose a
leader for a doubtful exploit with a fortunate name.
According to present rumours they have made an
imposing commencement ; but we may accept
their statements cuin grano salis, and the re-
port that the Fenians have routed a body of
British cavalry, and captured three flags,
need not fright us from our propriety. The last
accounts represent General SPEAR as entrenched at
St. Armand, from whence he is by this time dis-
lodged, since he was awaiting the attack of the
British force, consisting of the 7th Fusiliers, a
battery of artillery, and a body of volunteers.
There is, moreover, a reverse to the picture even
now, and SPEAR'S force is said to be greatly demo-
ralised, half of it being in a state of intoxication,
and a number deserting and recrossing the border.
The fact appears to be that the vigorous action of
the Federal authorities has taken the heroes by
surprise. Great consternation is expressed, and the
majority are endeavouring to make their way
homcommand at Buffalo,
has advised
return
home, being perhaps
e. General
his eral
men LYNCH,to
induced to:give such prudent counsel by the arrest
of General MURPHY at that place. Numerous other
leaders have been arrested by the Federal authori-
ties. SIVEENEY is held to bail for $20,000, RoBERTS
being released on his own recognisances, after
refusing to give bonds to keep the peace ! This
very novel mode of doing business did not give

satisfaction at Washington, and the hero
has consequently been re-arrested in compli-
ance with instructions from the capital.
General MEADE wisely enough encourages the re-
turn of the Fenians, though he has prohibited their
transport to the frontier. It is very satisfactory to
learn that the Irish population of Canada have shown
an unexpected degree of loyalty, and although a
plot is said to have been arranged for a general
rising on the 7th, nothing was heard of it up to the
time of the mail's departure. The Fenian mischief-
makers have unwittingly and certainly uninten-
tionally been the instruments of good in the British
provinces. They have shown the colonists in a most
fcrcible and convincing manner the danger to which
they are exposed by isolation and disunion. The
malcontents in New Brunswick have consequently
been silent, and the real nature of the opposition
which was made in that province to the Confedera-
tion scheme is plainly manifested. The elections in
New Brunswick, so far as is yet known, have re-
turned 26 members in favour of confederation, and
only 6 against it, 9 elections still remaining. What-
ever these may result in the majority for the Union
is decisive, so that we may reasonably hope before
long to see this wise and statesman-like scheme
carried fully into effect.
From the States themselves the news is on the
whole satisfactory. The Senate are evidently in-
clining against Radicalism. They have passed the
reconstruction resolution with amendments, basing
the representation on the voting population, and
so far have opposed the Democratic and constitu-
tional theory, but they have struck out the ob-
noxious clause disfranchising the rebels until 1870.
This clause would, if actually passed in spite of
the PRESIDENT'S opposition, have interfered with
the next Presidential election, and would have
alienated and irritated the feelings of the South-
erners. We are glad to find that a rumour is cre-
dited to the effect that Mr. DAVIS'S counsel have
received the assurance that he would be speedily
released either on parole or on bail, and we hope
that the anticipation will be very speedily realised.

Among the ninny exciting causes which have
turned public attention in various directions this
week, we must not overlook an interesting though
unpretending occasion which in reality will leave
its trace behind it. The education of the youth
of a State is a matter of the greatest importance,
and the effect produced by the course of educa-

tion pursued at our public schools and colleges tells
upon the conduct and the fortunes of the next
generation. The annual assembly at Wellington
College, for the distribution of prizes, is therefore
especially interesting, as showing not only what
we may hope from the talents and acquirements of
the youths who are to come after us, to sway the
councils of the State, to follow the professions, or
to carry on our commerce and industry to the re-
motest corners of the globe, but what is the guiding
spirit, the animating influence •rbich directs their
studies and trains their minds. In the case of the
Wellington College the great principle of education
seems to be fully in accordance with the life of him
whose worthy memorial it is. The honours
of the day are not awarded exclusively to
the brilliant classical scholar, the fluent linguist,
or the gifted mathematician, but the two
foremost prizes given by the QUEEN and by the
noble President of the College are for general good
conduct, obedience, and industry. The Earl of
DERBY is certainly not one who would be likely to
depreciate the value of intellectual powers or clas-
sical acquirements, but the moral of his prize speaks
all the more forcibly to the young enthusiast, be-
cause it tells him that one who holds the foremost
rank as orator, as statesman, and as classic writer,
places all these great gifts second in value
to the steadiness, the earnestness, and the obedience
to duty which a very inferior scholar may attain if
he will. They should follow, said Lord DERBY, the
example of the great man in whose name their
College was founded, and not merely seek distinc-
tion, but that which was substantial. To be rather
than to seem, to deserve rather than to obtain,
should be the motto ever placed before youth.
England has good cause to be proud of the intel-
lectual ability of her sons, but she could better
spare her most brilliant men than see her mediocrity
abandon those guiding principles of duty and
earnestness which we are glad to find are inculcated
at Wellington College.

THE LOCK-OUT ON TIIE CLYDE.—There seems
to be no hope of the termination of this unfortunate
dispute, unless unconditional submission be made by the
men. The masters firmly reject all proffers of a settlement
which do not refer matters back to the position they
occupied previous to the lock-out, and they are probably
strengthened in their resolution by the notorious fact that
many of the men are wavering in their allegiance to their
own leaders, and would be glad to resume work on the old
terms. Three distinct offers have been made by the men
within the last ten days to bring about a settlement, all of
which, however, have been declined by the masters. It
was at first proposed to accept a reduction of pay along with
the reduction of hours, an advance of 5 per cent., however,
to be made in the reduced wages ; but this, being simply
the original demand in another form, was rejected by the
employers. The proposal to submit the dispute to the
arbitration of neutral parties was also rejected, on the
ground that the question, being ono simply of ability on
the part of the masters to pay a certain rate of wages, did
not admit of any arbitration. The last attempt on the part
of the workmen to end the strife took the form of a pro-
posal for a conference between the contending parties.
This proposal was laid before a meeting of the masters
on Monday, and firmly declined as quite unnecessary.
It was resolved at the same time, and the resolution.
was forwarded to the representatives of the workmen,
that the workshops were open to all who choose to resume
work on the old terms. It is generally expected that tho
men will ultimately submit. At many of the meetings held
the disaffected are pretty numerous, and tho non-society
men
less get
able l
to s. and
po thet the married
e
suprpriv
men are threatening to resume work at once. They only
get an allowance of 2s. per week,
privations while the unmarried so-
ciety
slesnsg. ,e
engendered
eadr ebyththue
lock-out than their Imlay brethren.s
much

CORRESPONDENCE FROM PARIS.

(FROJI OUR OWN CORRESPONDENT.)

PARIS, Wednesday Evening.
The news given by the Moniteur, not officially,
but in its bulletin, that Prussia and Italy had de-
clared war against Austria has comparatively ex-
cited but little sensation. Everybody was prepared
for it, and your readers will have seen from the
comments which I translated from the Paris papers
that the Emperor's letter to his Minister of Foreign
Affairs, M. Drouyn de l'iluys, was written in anti-
cipation that war was inevitable. Immediately
after its publication, several of the French papers
adopted as the heading of their articles " The War."
All that the Moniteur has to-day of importance upon
the subject is the Manifesto of the Emperor of Aus-
tria. You will, no doubt, have received the text of
this manifesto by telegraph. It is a laboured
attempt to prove that the Emperor of Austria " has
not given any pretext fer war."
The present session of the Legislative Body is
prolonged to the end of the month, but it is still
doubtful whether there will be time to complete
several important measures which the Government
desires to have passed into law. The probability is
that there will be an extra session.
In a letter from Como, dated June 15, in the
Siecle, the writer gives an account of an interview
which he had with Garibaldi. He asked for autho-
rity to join the General's staff, which was readily
granted ; and Ga ribaldi told the correspondent that
if war ever he wanted him to come and pay him
a visit immediately. Gar ibaldi scarcely appears to
be in a condition for much service. He is obliged
to lean on a stick, and walks with pain and diffi-
culty. The General is described as:of plain, simple
manners. He speaks French purely and correctly.
The trial before the Maritime Tribunal of Brest
for murder and piracy on board the La Faderis Arca
is one of the most frightful cases of modern times.
Some particulars were given at the time, but a sum-
mary of the circumstances will be interesting. The
accused were Jean Lenard (master), Pierre Louis
Olin, Francois Repant, Antoine Carbuccia, Pierre
Charles, Antoine Tessier, Pierre Leclerc, Julien
Chirot, and Joseph Davrelas. The latter, however,
is not in custoiy. In the month of May, 1864, the
merchant ship Faderis Arca left Marseilles for
Cette, to take in a cargo of wine, coals, and spirits
on account of the State, bound for Vera Cruz, under
the command of Captain Richebourg. The second
officer in command was Lieut. Aubert. The load-
ing of the cargo was carried on with great
activity, and the first symptom of discontent arose
from the crew being forced to work on Sunday.
Some of the men refused to work, and others went
ashore without leave. A portion of the crew wished
to leave the vessel, but the captain refused to allow
them. On that occasion
.Repant, one of the pri -
soners, told the captain that the refusal would not
be to his advantage. When the vessel got fairly out
to sea the men exhibited more decided symptoms of

mutiny. They helped them3elves to wine and spirits,
and in the delirium of drink formed the plot of as -
sassination of the officers. Aubert was stabbed and

Irown into the sea. The captain, who had heard

his cries, rushed out of his cabin with a pistol in
each hand. He, however, was disarmed and pre-
cipitated into the sea. He swam for some time, and
called out to the murderers that they would have to
suffer death for what they had done.:" All right," said
one of the murderers. " Get on. At all events your
business is done." When the crew found that they
were masters of the vessel they took possession of
the keys and soon became insensible from drink.
Finding themselves incapable of steering the vessel
they agreed to scuttle her. They threatened the
cook that they would throw him into the sea. He
said he would save them the trouble, and he did so,
as he jumped in himself. It was a choice of murder
or drowning. A midshipman, a boy of twelve years
old, was thrown into the sea because the murderers

feared that he would make disclosures. They then
bored holes in the vessel and took to the boat.

The Faderis Area soon sunk. The poor boy swam
when he was thrown into the sea, and implored the
assassins to save him. During ten minutes he called
upon God and upon his mother to help him. A
Danish vessel picked up the crew of assassins.
They told the captain a piteous tale of their
having been shipwrecked. The story was at first

believed, but the inquiries and exertions of &L
Hubert, the brother of the second officer, who was
murdered, aided by confessions of some of the pri-
soners, led to the disclosure of the above circum-
stances.

The celebrated Amathoute Vase of which I spoke
the other day has arrived safely at Paris. The
weight is nearly 30,0001b5. English. It is cut from
a single piece of stone. This vase was dis-
covered by M. de Vogue at the summit of a moun-
tain 200 yards above the elevation of the sea—the
territory where the ruins of the ancient celebrated
Amathonte may still be seen at 25 nautical miles
to the south of Larnaca.

The Duke of Beaufort, the owner of Ceylon, the
winner of the great prize of P aris, has given 7,500 f.
to the poor of the 20 arrondissements of Paris, and
2,500 f. to the Protestant church at Chantilly.
A death, literally from freight, is recorded by the
Droll. A gentleman and his wife, residing in the
Rue de la Victoriue, near the Chausee d'Antin,
were alarmed in the . middle of the night by the
smell of fire. Their bedroom was only separated by
a slight partition from a room occupied by a work-
ing woman, who had endeavoured to commit suicide
by means of charcoal. The alarm was given and
the woman was taken to the hospital,where she soon
recovered. The lady, however, who was awoke by
the smell of burning, was attacked with brain fever,

and the doctor who attended her said her death was
caused solely by alarm.

Another murder, similar to that at Tolouse, has
taken place at i\laulanny, in Brittany. A man
named Simon has assassinated his servant woman
named Shotellier for the sake of obtaining her money.
The woman's body was found in a wood near the
house. The prisoner, in answer to the charge, says
that the woman committed suicide, and that he
carried the body into the wood in order to give the
idea that she was assassinated, as in that case a
religious service would be performed over the corpse.
Cellier, the man who murdered two of his fellow
prisoners in the House of Detention at Mom, has
been executed at that town. He was much addicted
to smoking, and the ruling passion was strong in
death. At his earnest request he was allowed to
smoke a cigar from theprison to the scaffold, saying
it " would be the last." Ile only took the cigar
from his mouth at the moment when it became ne-
cessary to place his head in the fatal groove, and he
smiled at the crowd as he threw the remnant of the
cigar among them.
The Constitutionnel announces that Victor Em-
manuel was about to issue a manifesto explanatory
of his motives for declaring war against Austria.
The Journal du Ilavre contains an extract of a
letter from Captain Tesson, of the French vessel Le
Coq, who states that during his voyage from the
coast of Africa to that port he was followed by the
real sea serpent for three days. " The animal,"
says the captain, " was 60 yards long. Thanks to
a tempest, it then disappeared."
The botanical section of the Academy of Sciences
has elected Mr. J. D. Hooker, of Kew, as a corre-
sponding member, in the room of the late Sir Wil-
liam Hooker.

A very serious fire has taken place at a pianoforte
manufactory, near Romainville, in the vicinity of
Paris. The loss of property is estimated at 180,000 f.
Several persons were much hurt in endeavouring to
extinguish the flames.

A letter from Brussels states that the Queen of
Wurtemburg, sister of the Emperor of Russia, is
expected at Ostend, where she will pass the greater
portion of the season.

A Cabinet Council was held to-day at the
Tuileries, at which the Emperor presided. The
Empress was present.
_ _

The Itloniteur of this evening has a long apprecia-
tion of the position of affairs. It concludes by
stating that the points which France has at heart

are to maintain the balance of European power,

and the maintenance of the position which it has
contributed to establish in Italy. Her endeavours

to preyeuti the conflict afford a FOOL Of the sincerity

of a declaration which is the guarantee for Europe
as well as for France.

The Bourse was better to-day. The 3 per Cents.,
for the account, rose 10c., and the 4i 30c. The
Comptoir Escompte have fell 12f. 50c., the Banque
de France rose 10f.

LA TEST INTELLIGENCE.

(REUTER'S TELEGRAMS.)

THE EUROPEAN WAR.

PRAGUE, June 20.

The Prussians are throwing up earthworks be-
fore Dresden, and have erected batteries on the
Bruhl terrace. They will also construct entrench-
ments on the heights of Malleadorf.

The I'russians yesterday entered Pirna, Freiberg
and Tharand.

VERONA, June 20.
Since yesterday all postal traffic between Venetia
and Italy has been stopped.

FLORENCE, June 21.

King Victor Emmanuel set out for the camp at
5 o'clock this morning. His Majesty received a
most enthusiastic ovation from the whole popula-
tion of Florence on his way from the palace to the
railway station. The National Guard was drawn
up under arms to salute him, and at the railway
station the foreign diplomatic body, the authorities
of Florence, and deputations from both houses of
Legislature were present in order to express their
good wishes to his Majesty upon his departure.
The city of Florence is decorated with flags in
rejoicing for the declaration of war.

The Prince of Carignan arrived here last night,
and was received by the authorities at the station.
He was enthusiastically cheered by the people.
The Italie announces that the King received M.
Kossuth yesterday morning.

PARIS, June 21.

The Constitutionnel of this morning points out
the pacific sense of the Emperor's letter to M.
Drouyn de Lhuys. Peace, it continues, has the
preference and the best wishes of the Emperor, and
his hopes must be also on that side, for after having
positively declared that France would not engage in
war except under a decisive state of things, he has
grounds to believe that none of the belligerents will
desire to assume the responsibility of provoking it
by creating such a position of affairs.
The Moniteur of this morning says :-" The
latest intelligence received announces that the public
health in Alexandria and throughout Egypt is ex-
cellent.

COPENHAGEN, June 15.

The King received to-day, in private audience,
M. Dotezac, the French Minister, who delivered a
letter to his Majesty from the Emperor Napoleon.
ROME, June 20.
_

The Congregation of the Index has condemned
several works, among which are " Les Apotres,"
by M. Renan ; "Le Catholicisme Romain en Russie,"
by M. Tolstoy ; "Le Bible et l'Humanite," by
Michelet ; and " L'Histoire de la Literature An-
glaise," by Taine.