The Sun.
London, England, 1866-09-12 00:00:00

CORRESPONDENCE FROM PARIS,

is. In some cases Dr. LETHEBY recommended that
legal proceedings should be adopted, and mentioned
some instances in which fines had been in-
flicted for exposing " unwholesome food and pu-
trid birds" for sale in the City markets. No
terms can be too strong iu which to con-
demn those who commit offences of this sort. At
any time it would be bad enough, Lut this year it is
outrageous that such things should be done. The
mortality returns of the City have been a little
above the average for the corresponding period of
the last ten years during the last six
weeks. But although the mortality has
been excessive from diarrhoea and such causes, it
has not attained to anything like the propor-
tion in the neighbouring districts. In the eastern
parts of London the deaths from cholera and
choleraic diarrhoea during the last six weeks
have been at the rate of 375 in 100,000
of the population, and in all London the
rate has been nearly 100 in 100,000, while in
the city it has been only 47 in 100,000 of the in-
habitants, and the mortality from diarrhoea has
been but 14 per 100,000; while in other parts of the
metropolis it has ranged from 26 to 61 per 100,000
of the people. Certainly this seems to indicate a
favourable condition of the City as compared to other
places. In so far as it related to the City, Dr.
LETHEBY truly observed that it was a subject of
sincere thankfulness that the range of the disease
had been confined to so narrow a circle. He
did not attempt, as he said, to account for
the remarkable differences in the intensity of the
disease, but perhaps it may be in consequence of all
the care that has been taken. In all probability the
precautions adopted in regard to the pumps has had
a great deal to do with the low rate of mortality,
and it may well serve as an example to other places,
both now and hereafter, that they may follow with
advantage, both with respect to their own interests
and those of the community in general. The old
adage of prevention being better than cure may
well be cited in respect to these visitations o

cholera, for forewarned is forearmed regarding the
needful precautions that ought to be taken and
carried out with energy.

A mistake having arisen as to Mr. CARLYLE
being the chairman of the Eyre Defence Committee,
Mr. Elm, the Secretary, has published the letter
written by that gentleman when he agreed to be-
come a member of the committee, in order that it

may serve as an answer to the numerous commu-
nications he daily receives from all quarters from
those who are under the impression that he is chair-
man. In this letter Mr. CARLYLE writes very
much to the purpose, and expresses himself very
strongly as to the clamour raised against Governor
EYEF:. Did it rest on any doubt of conviction,
instead of being a thing of hearsay and rumour, he
should, he says, " consider it of evil omen to the
country, and to its highest interests in these times."
This is in substance very much what Mr. RUSKIN
said the other day when he discoursed upon this
topic at the meeting which took place, and we agree
with the opinions thus expressed. It would be,
indeed, a very sad thing if the course pursued by the
faction which has taken up the cry of redressing the
wrongs of the negro were to be generally received
and adopted throughout the land; but we feel assured
that the contrary is the case, and that they form
exceptions to the rule. Mr. CARLYLE says that all
that has reached him of Mr. EIRE'S history goes to
prove that he is a " just, humane, and feeling
man ;" that his late services in Jamaica merited
our thanks instead of our censure, and that they
were of incalculable value---" something like the
case of fire' suddenly reported in the ship's pow-
der-room in mid-ocean, where the moments mean
the ages, and life and death hang on your use or
misuse of the moments." Perhaps the best solution
of this problem of the Jamaica outrage may be
found in Mr. CARLYLE'S explanation that the Eng-
lish nation has not changed, but that superficial
portions of it have become a great deal louder,
and not any wiser than they formerly used to be.
As a British citizen Mr. CARLYLE deemed it advis-
able to give his name for the committee, in the hope
that many more would do the like, and by wise
efforts a " blind and disgraceful act of public injus-
tice may be prevented, and an egregious folly as
well, not to say what a vital detriment throughout
the British Empire in such an example set to all the
colonies and governors the British Empire has." It
is curious to notice the contrast which is presented
by the calm manner adopted by the members of this
committee to that of the other side. Vituperation
and abuse are the weapons in their armoury, and they
appeal to nothing but prejudice and rage. From
the former we meet with sound sense and able argu-
ments, as well as the reference to the higher prin-
ciples of honour and justice which should guide and

govern public opinion in all matters of so weighty
an import.

(FROM OUR OWN CORRESPONDENT.

PARIS, Tuesday Evening.
The Moniteur says :—" Among the advantages
which Austria and Italy will derive from the treaty
of Peace negotiated at Vienna will be the exten-
sion which those Powers propose to give to the
treaty of commerce and navigation which has go-
verned their relations since 1851. In a memoir
submitted to General Menabrea, the Austrian Go-
vernment considers the stipulations of that treaty as
the commencement of a future and more complete
understanding; for the political and commercial
union of the two Statcs."
Another striking and remarkable proof of the
Emperor's sympathy for his subjects, and his desire
to participate in good works, has just been given.
The Mayor of St. Cloud has caused placards to be
posted up in that town containing a copy of a letter
received by him from the Emperor. In this letter
the Emperor states that as he does not wish the
town of St. Cloud where he resides for a portion
of the year to be burthened in consequence of the
construction of the Church and other works of
public utility, he shall send to the Mayor from
the Ist of March next every month 27,516 f. for
ten months, in order to reimburse the debts of the
commune which amount to 275,160 f.
The weather is worse than ever to-day. The
early morning was particularly beautiful. At six
o'clock there was a splendid sunshine and not a
cloud to be seen, but before eleven the rain began
to fall heavily, and it continued with but little in-
terruption up to post hour. In spite of adverse
weather, however, the arrivals of English and other
foreigners aro very numerous, and last night it was
difficult to find a lodging in some parts of France.
Seldom has there been a greater influx of strangers
to Paris than at the present time.
Another case of poisoning from supposed mush-
rooms has taken place at Angers. M. Sansfourche,
an eminent architect of that town, died in two days
after eating the poisonous vegetable, and several
members of his family are considered to be still in
danger from the same cause.
At the Porchefontaine races, on Sunday, four
prizes were contended for. Nemesis won the Prix
a Reclamer, I,ooof. M. Lagrange's Normandie was
first in the Crieterium, 2,000 f., Little second, Thisbe
third. Normandie was claimed for 8,500 f. Milton
was first in the Course de Hales, I,ooof. Nine
horses ran for the steeplechase prize, which was won
with difficulty by Elise by a head.
The following is the result of the racing rogatta
at Pontorse on Sunday :—The Prix de la Marie
wasEsm woneralda,pCriaxrpdee,iathae,enPtreix l'Ehyunailpileerisez by
the
b yLa
the
Piix do Pontorse by Alliance,
the Prix de Chateau
by Perle Fine, and the Prix de la Ville by Bebe.
A letter from Biarritz states that the number of
visitors is so considerable that it is very difficult to
procure lodgings. Some 30 years ago Biarritz was
a little miserable village on the sea, with a few
scattered houses here and there. Now it is a hand-
some and flourishing town. The Empress appears
much in public, with scarcely any attendants, and
is always received with the utmost respect and
cordiality. The young Imperial Prince also walks
about the streets with his tutor, M. Monnier, and
takes his bath every day at Porte Vieux. Crowds
of children with whom he plays give him a shake of
the hand. He dresses as a sailor. He is a good
swimmer. His favourite game when the tide is
rising is the construction of dams to keep off the
waves. Sometimes he is seen dragging a large piece
of rock for the purpose. Every evening the Empress
walks about the Grande Rue. The poor are often
invited to the chateau, and the Prince joins in her
Majesty's many acts of charity. Her Majesty is
generally seated on a chair near the bath while the
Prince is bathing. Her Majesty drives a poney
chaise with two beautiful poneys. The Prince often
meets poor men in his walks ; he always takes off
his hat while he speaks to them, and invites them to
come and see him at the chateau.
Next Sunday there are to be matches with the
Rowing Club, on the large lake on the Bois de
Boulogne.
On the 15th of this month the portion of the rail-
way which crosses the defiles of the Sierra Morena,
in Spain, will be opened for traffic, and from that time
there will be a complete and direct railway commu-
nication between Paris, Madrid, Cordova, Seville,
and Cadiz. In a few months Madrid will be in
uninterrupted communication by the Badajoz line.
The Russian Government has for some years
directed its particular attention to the increase of
railway communication. St. Petersburg, Moscow,
and Warsaw, are now directly connected by
railway, and the line may be extended to Eastern
Prussia and Berlin by Gambinnen and Thorn.
Another central line from north to south will cor-
nett the capital with Moscow, Orel, Koursk, Sebas-
topol, and Taganrog, and place it in communication
with the gulf of Finland and the Crimea. If Russia
cannot at present send her products directly from
the Baltic to the Black sea, she can send them to
the frontiers of all her neighbours as far as the
Niemen The port of Poti is now the site of im-
portant works, which will make it the principal port
of the Black Sea in that direction.
In spite of the unfavourable weather the vintage
has commenced in the south of France, and the
produce of grapes is abundant.
The Journal du Loiret complacently says that
among the remarkable objects to be sent to the
Great Exhibition will be the model of a guillotine
upon an improved principle, the advantage (?) of
which will be that it can cut off six heads at once ;
or, as it is to be worked by steam, the steam can be
put up so as to take off eight heads at a time, should
such a consummation be desired. The axe, or
knife, will not fall vertically, as with the guillotine
now in use, but the heads will be severed by a
rotary and circular movement. 'The unkindest cut
of all in regard to this machine seems to be con-
tained in the statement that " the inventor is a
countryman of M. Bismarck." Another advantage
is that, as the machine is on wheels, the steam power
may be applied so as to transport the persons who
arc to benefit by it with great rapidity from the pri-
son, and from thence to the cemetery.
The Journal des Debuts says :
" The astonishing and unforeseen success of the
Prussian army in its rapid campaign in Saxony and
Bohemia appears to have inspired more than one
Government with serious reflections upon the sys-
tem of military recruiting. Without speaking of
France for the present, we learn, from a great
many articles in the Vienna journals, that the
Austrian Government thinks of introducing vast
reforms in the organisation of the army."
The Marchioness of Pomeren has just expired,
after long suffering. She was the only daughter of
the Marquis of Aligne, whose family boasts illustrious
ancestors. The marquis used great exertions to pro-
cure the acquittal of Marshal Ney.
The Nouvelle Gazette of Prussia says :—" M.
Drouyn de l'Huys was not the enemy, he was
the honourable adversary, of Prussia, and the friend
of Austria."

The Prince and Princess Metternich have arrived
at Biarritz on a visit to the Empress. It is known
that the Empress is very fond of reading, or rather
of having books read to her by her lady reader.
The account is correct that, just before her Ma-
jesty's departure for St. Cloud, she was very much
amused with the work of M. Edmond About,
" Trente et Quarante," and took particular interest
in the exciting adventures of the hero, one Captain
Bitterlin. Just before quitting the Emperor, her
Majesty is said to have expressed her regret that
she had not time to learn the finish of the captain's
adventures. Immediately on the arrival of the Em-
press at Biarritz she received a telegraphic despatch,
sent by the Emperor,
which only contained the
words, " Captain 13itterlin is dead."
There has been a murder in the Rue de Ponthieu,
the circumstances of which are similar to those of
the murder of the woman for which the murderer
was recently executed at Versailles.

SIR JOHN FRANKLIN.—Mr. Noble's statue of
Sir John Franklin, the Arctic explorer, has been erected in
Waterloo-place, at the side of the Athenzeuin Club ; and
Mr. Foley's statue of Lord Herbert of Lea, which is to be
placed in front of the War-office, Pall-mall, has been suc-
cessfully cast in braze.