The Sun.
London, England, 1832-07-30 00:00:00

NEWS FROM PORTUGAL.

FALMOUTH, SATURDAY EVENING, NINE O'CLOCK.

The steamer Columbia, Lieutenant Ede, with the
mails from Lisbon and Oporto, has this moment entered
the h•irbour, having left Lisbon on Sunday evening, and
Oporto on Tuesday last. I hasten to send you the best
accounts I can collect of the important event of which she
brings but a very imperfect narrative—none of the pas-
sen2ers or officers having been on shore at Oporto, and
depending on the communications made by officers of the
British squadron off Oporto for the accuracy of the in-
telligence. They state that an engagement took place on
Mond4y last, at a short distance from Oporto, between the
troops of Don Pedro and Don Miguel, in which the former
were successful, after a severe contest, which commenced
early in the morning of Monday, and did not termi-
nate till nightfall. It appears that Don Miguel had pushed
on all the troops he could command from Lisbon and
Coimbra, to the amount of 12,500 men, and attempt-
ed to take Don Pedro by surprise ; but the latter
advanced from Oporto in good order, and a regular
battle took place, with the result I have stated,
The Ex-Emperor returned to Oporto at night with
2,000 prisoners, and the trophies of his conqiest, and
on Tuesday, before the Columbia left OpOrto, was at the
head of his army, engaged in pursuing the remnant of
Den Miguel's force. It is said that the British battalion
distinguished itself particularly, and received the thanks of
the Emperor for its gallantry; and it is also stated, that
the moment the enemy came in sight our brave country-
men and the French battalion charged them at the point
of the bayonet, and threw them into confusion, by which
the ultimate success of the day was much advanced.
The deserters were numerous, and two regiments of
cavalry are said to have come over in a body to the Em-
peror.
You will observe that this is an account fa. which I am
indebted to the officers and passengers of the Columbia,
and that I have no official means of stating whether it be
correct or not. It does not come in any authentic shape,
my informants having themselves received the intelligence
from the officers of the British squadron, whose feelings
in favour of Don Pedro may have induced them to give
more important and favourable colouring to the proceed-
ings of his army than the facts in reality may warrant.
The truth will be known with you, and you will
have the opportunity of correcting the exaggeration which
I may be guilty of. Lisbon was perfectly quiet at the depar-
tore of the Columbia, and Admiral Sartorius, with two fri-
gates and five smaller vessels, were blockading it on the 22d.
The place where the engagement took place is said to be
Fereiras.

(From No. 1 of the Chronica Constitutional Do Porto,
dated 11th July.)

OFFICIAL ACCOUNT OF THE OPERATIONS OF THE LIBE-

RATING ARMY.

His Imperial Majesty, with the convoy stationed off the
coast of Ponta Delgada, set sail on the 57th June, about
two o'clock in the afternoon, and, after a most favourable
voyage, came in sight of Villa do Conde, on the coast of
Portugal, about ten o'clock on the morning of the 7th
July. About seven o'clock of the same day, the whole
convoy was assembled in the roads, n hen the Vice Ad-
miral of the squadron, accompanied by two officers of the
Staff of Count Villa Flor, proceeded to reconnoitre, byorder
of his Imperial Majesty.
Mint nine o'clock in the morning of the Bth his Impe-
rial Majesty ordered the Royal flag to be hoisted on board
the Rainha da Portugal ; the ships of war were imme-
diately saluted by a salvo of 21 rounds. He instantly
sent on shore two of his Aides-de-C imp, with a copy of
the manifesto and proclamation which he had addressed
to the Portuguese nation, to the Commander of the regi-
ment then stationed in Villa do Conde, in order to make
him acquainted with tie principles therein set forth, and
thus enabling him to determine whether or not he would
consent to save the flow of Portuguese blood, or abide the
consequences that might result from an obstinate course
of conduct.

The Aides-de-Camp returned with an answer in the
negative, and his Majesty, influenced by his usual spirit,
ordered the expedition to disembark at a certain point
which he had fixed upon. This point offered the advan-
tage of being protected from any immediate opposition, and
of enabling the expedition to cut off the enemy from the
centre of his positions. In consequence of this order,
about two o'clock in the afternoon, the ships of war
took up a position on the coast of Minden°, at equal dis-
tances between the two places, or about that of a grape-
shot from each. The disembarkation commenced at
three o'clock, but no opposition whatever was ex-
perienced. Scarcely a patrol of cavalry made its
appearance that was not quickly put to flight by a few dim
charges of musketry from the brigade of Count de Villa
Flor. The marines of this brigade were the first who,
jumping upon the land, nailed the flag of Donna Maria
111. to the spot where they landed. Shortly afterwards
General de Villa Flor, with the whole of his Staff, a por-
tion of the Caqadores and of the battalion of marines,
with almost all the officers, were amongst the foremost to
wade through the sea. As soon as the troops were landed,
the General set about providing sentinels on various sta-
tions, with a view to the security of the expedition.
The battalion of Ca9adores under the command of Co-
lonel Shwalback, occupied the top of a mountain, from
which there was a direct descent to Leca; here the forces
which had marched from Oporto, were assembled. The
battalion of marines established itself in Parafita; that of
the Cacadores at Pedra Ruiva. Here they placed persons
who were constantly on the watch, reconnoitring the move-
ments of the forces at Leca ; they also kept a sharp look
out on the high roads, by which the troops quartered in
Villa do Conde might approach for the purpose of forming
a junction with those at Lect.

The landing was effected in so orderly and excellent a
style that at six o'clock in the evening the chief positions
were occupied, and at nine the embarkation of the Libe-
rating army was completed without the slightest resist-
ance, and in a manner to give the greatest satisfaction to
his Majesty. After the landing bad been accomplished,
the Stag frigate, which bad been driven from its station
with the English vessels off Lisbon, came up with a cor-
vette, and saluted his Majesty. The salute was returned
by a corresponding compliment from the Rainha da Por-
tugal, and the brig Conde de Villa Flor.
His Majesty landed at six o'clock in the morning, amidst
the enthusiastic greetings of the troops, and the blessings
of an immense number of the inhabitants, who rushed
from all parts of the neighbouring country to see, as they
expressed themselves, their Liberator, the Vice-Admiral,
accompanied by his Majesty in a barge, hoisting the flag
which the ladies of the island of Fayal had worked, and
presented to his Majesty. He then went forth to meet
the battalion of volunteers, drawn up in column on
the shore, and receiving the colours from the hands of the
Admiral, presented them to the regiment with expressions
worthy of the occasion, and of the men to whom they
were addressed.

His Majesty, after having visited the hiveuacs, ordered
a march to Pedra Ruiva, and, putting himself at the head
of the column, placed his troops by this manoeuvre to the
left of our line, thus turning the enemy posted in Leca,
and cutting him off from the line of his operations ; awl
the effect answered the expectation, for the troops of Villa
Conde wandered about all night, vainly endeavouring to
form a junction with those of Oporto, and, finding all the
roads occupied, resolved upon retiring by the Amaraute
road; and. the troops posted in Leca were forced to fill
back on Oporto, and passing the Douro about two o'clock
in the morning, and cutting the bridge, mounted the
heights of Villa Nova.
The battalions of Cacadores, taking advantage of those
manoeuvres, marched on the city, which they entered on
the morning of the 9th, amid the loud congratulations of
the people. His Majesty, at the head of the army, leav-
ing Pedra Ruiva, and taking the road of Villa Conde, en-
tered Oporto at mid-day. The enthusiasm with which
the country people ran out of curiosity to see the Empe-
y
irtinhorup,,.i,aaanas
impossible
cl teodteaaiencdooena sntprriaabnterotnhhsei,maji)iy‘de
‘agysaitvt
bees:
which
ofiheit:hteib
icstchai‘esii:jmiri:
anatsyltl
wet the
characters. of a genuine national triumph. It is utterly
received.

The Portuguese troops which had fled from Lee.), and
had betaken themselves to the heights of Villa Nova, began
to fire some rounds of grape-shot for the purpose of annoy-
ing the city; but the ships of war and a corvette having
been directed to tale up a station in front of the positions
occupied by these troops, the latter were speedily com-
pelled to abandon the place, and both divisions of our
troops advanced, with cries of " Long live the Queen,
Donna Maria IL !" " Long live the Constitutiona.
Charter," to the pursuit of the enemy, who fled in all di•
rections, in an utter state of disorder and confusion. Upon
the entrance of his Majesty into the city several of the
subalterns and of the soldiers of the adverse troops pre-
sented themselves, and some declared, as a certainty, that
so soon as our troops attacked the enemy, the desertion to
our side would be still more numerous.

flis Majesty alighted at the Town-house in Praca Nova,
the citizens of which had, even before the advance of the
libeiating army, destroyed the horrible engine for execu-
tion, which for the last four years had devoted so many
victims of probity and honour to the caprice and venality
of infamous Judges, which struck terror into the hearts
of all good citizens, who, up to this moment, were ready
so-make- attr.saorifieerin. order., tf„.possible to get rid of
sisOltitarbrront tyranny. . AIL K uluairs.m. custody for po-

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•••

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litical offences were immediately rele wed by these excel-
lent people.
His Majesty was received by the Town Council in the
apartments prepared for the purpose. He was followed by
an immense crowd of people, and was accompanied by ked
acclamations• of "Donna Maria the Sicond! " " The
Constitutional Charter ! " " The Father of his country!
" The restorer of Portuguese liberty! "
When it was known that these things bad occurred a
considerable portion of the troops of the usurper disbanded
themselves ; the rest crossed the Douro, and went to
Carvoeiro.

Tt.us when we find that, after ten days on sea, the li•
berating army completed its lauding, and that by this
operation, and the manoeuvres which immediately suc•
ceeded it, this army was able to cut off the enemy in the
centre of the line which it established to the north of the
Douro, compelling its right to disband itself, and forcing
its left to re-cross the river, after having abandoned the
city of Oporto In short, during the term of 48 hours
(that is to say, from the moment of landing) his Majesty,
at the head of the liberating army, has succeeded in ex-
pelling from the whole of the fine province of Minho the
defensive force in the pay of the usurper; has succeeded in
pl.icing Oporto in a state of security; has laid down an ex-
sive plan of operations in the two provinces to the north
of the Douro, and took the offensive on the south of the
river—all this without losing a single man either by the
gun or by accident. Such results can only be accounted
f)r by the justice of the cause, the presence of.his Majasty,
the well-arranged movements, the intrepidity of his trooper
and the powerfully influential co-operation of public opinion.
This paper contains, further, the addresses to the Por-
tuguese soldiers and people, which were distributed upon
the landing of the expe,lition, and copies of which have
been already published. In addition are the following
decrees, organizing a Government:—
"By virtue of the article 145 of the Constitutional
Charter, and in the name of the Queen, I decree as fol-
lows :—' Certain formalities, which guarantee individual
liberty, are suspended, so long as military operations shall
be necessary to put an end to the usurpation.'
" Ti,e execution of this decree is intrusted to the Mi-
nisters and Secre'aries of State.

" Palace of Oporto, June 10, 1832.
" DON PEDRO, Duke of Braganza.
" MARQUEZ DE PALMELLA.
"JOSE ZAVIER-M. DA SILVEIRA.
" AGOSTINHO JOSE FREIRE."

Another decree, similarly signed, continues Francisco
Lourenco d'Almeida in the Presidency of the Supreme
Court of Judicature of the district of Oporto ; but a sub-
sequent one of the same date revokes this appointment,
and bestows it upon Antao Fernandes de Carvalho, who
is provisionally charged with the jurisdiction until a defi-
nitive arrangement shall be made respecting the office.

" In the name of the Queen I decree as follows :

" Art. I. All those corps which have been illegally
organised under the name of Royalist Volunteers,' are
hereby. dissolved.

" 2. Likewise all the regiments of militia of the king-
doms of Portugal and Algarve are dismissed, and forbid-
den again to assemble, without permission from the Go-
vernment.

" 3. The privates composing the above are immedi defy
to return to their houses, under pain of being treated as re-
bels, and,

" 4. Such of the officers as shall be found disobeying
orders for dispersing twenty-four hours after the knowledge
of this decree shall be tried by a council of war, and treated
as rebel chiefs.

" The execution of this decree is intrusted to the Minis..
ter of War.

DON PEDRO, Duke of Braganza,
AGOSTINHO, JOSE FREIRE "
In the name of the Queen, &c.
Art 1. There shall be formed corps, with the title Of
"National Battalions," upon the same footing as the bat-
talions of Cacadores.
2. All individuals from 18 to 50 to be obliged to enlist
in the said corps, with exceptions in favour of the clergy,
professional men, &c.
3. Permits disbanded soldiers of the militia to enlist in
these corps.
Articles 5,6, and 7, contains a description of objec-
tionable persons, enact that the enlistment shall ta'e place
within eight days, and that their services shall be required
until the final re-establishment of the Government of
Donna Maria.

Signed as before.
The last decaee is addressed to the troops of the usurper,
warning them to join the Queen's cause under certain
penalties, and is signed in the same manner as the preceding.

u

R

lassow, JULY 21.
Of what has happened at Oporto no doubt you will
be informed long before this reaches you. At present we
have a very imperfect knowledge ; I shall, therefore, give
you a sort of journal of occurrences since I last wrote to
you on the 9th June.
DAILY OCCURRENCES SINCE 9th JUNE.
Jurts 10.—Received intelligence of Don Pedro's land-
ing ; troops in Lisbon under arms all night, with ball
cartridges ; a good deal of agitation prevailed, but from
the admirable disposition made by the Intendant •of -
Police, by which the inhabitants of every street were made
responsible for its tranquillity, not the slightest tumult took
place; arrests ceased in a very great degree, probably
owing to the Government having lull employment in
more alarming matters.
The first regiment of cavalry and 16th infantry ordered
to march for the augmen•ation of the Northern Division.
Another French frigate arrived in the Tagus.
11.—All the shops and coffee-houses to be shut up at
seven each night, and every able inhabitant to parade the
streets with cassets (sticks about a yard long, and very
heavy) constantly every alternate five hours during the
night, besides doublin; the Police Guards.

12.—Proclaimed Lisbon in a state of siege. No ship"
of any-nation to leave the port or eater it.
Public functions of Consuls to cease.
Intimation given to the three French frigates to leave
the Tagus. Said they had no orders, and should remain.

13.—Notice given that a Court was constantly sitting
in the Castle to try all offences of a political nature, and to
execute immediately on conviction.

Reported that the 12th and 19th infantry, and Bth ca-
valry, had gone over to Don Pedro.

The Viper, a email English vessel, coming daily from
the squadron for provisions, &c., tired upon by one of the '
forts, and stopped at Belem Tower with a shout of
exultation.
Government in great want of money, pressing the Bank
to make illegal advances, with which they are forced to •
comply. The two regiments not yet marched, for want of
money and commissariat.

1 4..—Considerable disaffection said to exist amongst the
Police Guards ; regularly accompanied in their rounds by
volunteers or militia of known royalist principles.
General Stubbs, a great favourite at Oporto, said to be
appointed Governor ; and Don Pedro three leagues on the
way to Lisbon.

First and second regiments of cavalry marched to-day
for Coimbra; looked dispirited.
Dan Miguel's Generals are, Generals St. Martha and
Teiheira at Oporto; General Povoas at Leria ; supposed to
have together 12,000 men : General Pinto at Ciotrag
Ctchies, and neighbourhood, to opposealh fromaudin 5
ait,oooroneat
or
Cascaies ; and Don Miguel in person, with
20,000 men. _ .

I am assured on the best authority they cannot send
another soldier to the north, for want of wow", to form a
commissariat and pay the men.

r
52Fiiirostgcocomdinieewasr2raievcaodmfrpoamnietdhebyaramnyoffiincethr,esneonrtthte,
W.—Despatches from General St. Martha; retreated
to Oliveira, six leagues from Oporto ; had some skirmish-
ing, eight men wounded; is in want of money and pro-
visions, and has only one day's rations. Don Miguel's
party look very dull.
English Admiral making a strong remonstrance on ac-
count of their firing en the V:iper, and also demanding
Dallolnsiliitguel at Cachies.
payment for former injuries, amounting to about 25,000/.
17.—Second courier from General St. Martha; all
gloomy. Nothing allowed to transpire, and no one dares
make inquiries.

Lisbon is filled every night with declarations of Don
Pedro of the m,)st animating kind, although there is an
order for the immediate execution of any one in whose
possession thy are found. lam astonished at the boldness
of these publications, which are evidenly printed in Lisbon.
18.—Two ships arrived from Mozambique and Goa,
&c. ; one out four years, lost all her crew, except the Cap
tain and three men; the other out 15 months, and suf-
fered great loss.
19.—News arrives of Don Pedro's complete success in
Oporto, Braga, &c. Scandalous stories propagaged of his „.
coining the bells into money, and sending the Company's
wine to England.
Admiral Sartorius arrives off the Rock of Lisbon with
12 ships of war, and is expected to enter the Tagus. Don
Miguel preparing furnaces and ernes to fire hot balls at his
ships, if he is bo'd enough to enter the Tagus. Don AR- .ro..
guel has met with an accident, and wears his rigb Ar#s
a sling.
20. This morning, at six o'clock, a sharp shy <1 a
eArtbquake was felt at Lisbon, which shook pen
I,:ds, and made some cracks in the walls; it 1 4011, ';.•
ten seconds, but was not attended with any onr
...equences.
frietecAutiled
wf. •
• -; 1,

"