The Sun.
London, England, 1866-06-16 00:00:00

~G G. ~ 11-r/~~

wEwsplr
-4As,
• .1-
the "Stars and Stripes" in the ha
tezumas, died at West Point, in th 4
York, at five minutes past eleven
morning of the 29th May. u
This great soldier, descended from a Scottish
family, was born in Petersburgh, 'Virginia, June
13th, 1786. Though educated for the law, he
chose a more congenial profession, and in 1808 be-
came a captain in a division commanded by General
Wiikinson. That officer preferred a charge against
him for disrespect, and he was sentenced by court-
martial to suspension from rank and pay for one
year. This year Captain Scott turned to advantage
by a careful study of his profession. On the break-
ing out of the war of 1812 he was advanced
to the rank of Lieut.-Colonel, and took part iu the
action of Queenstown heights, where he and his
command became prisoners of war. On rejoining
the army after the capture of York, he was given
the rank of Colonel, and posted to General Dear-
BORN'S staff as Adjutant-General. The gallantry
of Colonel Scott in the attack on Fort George was
conspicuously shown. In the spring of 1814 Scott
was made a Brigadier-General, and given a com-
mand at Buffalo of three brigades and a battalion.
of artillery, where he introduced the French system
of tactics with such success that these troops be-
came the most highly-trained in the army. This
was shown in the desperate actions fought in July,
1814, on the Canadian bank of the Niagara River.
The two actions of Chippewa and Lundy's
Lane established Scott's reputation, and ex-
alted the prestige of the American army.
These two desperate actions, where the best of
the American and the best of the British
troops were pitted against each other on equal terms,
are among the bloodiest on record. Scott had two
horses killed under him, and was twice severely
wounded. Peace was proclaimed and Scott raised
to the rank of major-general. He declined a seat-
in the Cabinet as Secretary of War, and presented
himself to Paris shortly after the battle of Water-
loo, where he had an opportunity of discussing.
military matters with some of Napoleon's best
the
nation—came
ieatn e Tactics"
out
in
generals. His " General Regulations for the Army,"
and his "Infantryont__bothhe 181 standard npde
peace
rede books
of th
which
followed. It was not till 1832 that
General Scott
again took the field against the Sacs and Foxes,
and the still more troublesome war against the
Seminole Indians in Florida began in 1845,
which ended in the General being ordered before
a Court of Inquiry to answer for the failure of the
campaign, whose " finding" was without qualifica-
tion in his favour. Both in this affair and that of the
Canadian rebellion, which followed closely after-
wards, enlisting numerous sympathisers in the
United States, the firmness and good sense of
General Scott were compicuously manifested, and
his services became of inestimable value in prevent-
ing a rupture between this country and the United
States.

The time was now approaching when the events
occurred which placed General Scott among the
most celebrated commanders of his time. Texas
was annexed, and a war with Mexico commenced.
To obtain peace, it was found necessary to carry the
war into the interior of the Republic; and to General
Scott was assigned the command of the army.
Vera Cruz was captured, and made the base of his
operations, whence he advanced over a most diffi-
cult country with an uninterrupted success till he
came in sight of the capital. That city, lying in a
great basin, was at a former period entirely sur-
rounded with water, and reached by causeways,
celebrated as the scene of some of the most deadly
combats fought by the Spaniards for the capital of
the Montezumas. It is even now dotted around by
lakes, and still approached by causeways. By a
skilful series of operations Scott so placed his force
that little hope of a successful defence was
left to the city, when he offered terms. Fail-
ing in inducing the garrison to capitulate,
the city was carried by a succession of successful
attacks. On the morning of September the 14th
Quitman's division held the Grand Plaza, and
the stars and stripes floated from the National
Palace.

In 1855 the rank of Lieutenant-General was re-
vived--to be conferred on Scott, and was so passed
that it should not survive him, although another
Major-General has lately attained to the same dis-
tinction.

General Scott's services during the late war are
familiar to all. lie secured the safe inauguration
of President Lincoln by his defence of the capital,
and he worked hard towards the organisation of the
army, preparing it for the memorable events which
followed. But age and infirmities now rendered
him unable for the post which his high rank and
great abilities qualified him, and on the Ist Novem-
ber, 1861, he retired from active service, on his full
pay and allowances.

On Sunday, May 27th, he began to fail fast,
and, though perfectly conscious at the moment of
his death, for two hours he had lost his voice. He
recognised the chaplain of the Fort ten minutes
before he died, and expired at five minutes past
eleven o'clock on Tuesday morning, May 29th.
President Johnson records this event in a despatch
dated May 29th, 1866 : " The President With
profound sorrow announces to the people of the
United States the death of Winfield Scott, late
Lieutenant-General of the Army. On the day
which may be appointed for his funeral, the
several Executive Departments of the Govern-
ment will be closed. The heads of the War and
Navy Departments will respectively give orders
for the payment of appropriate honours to the
memory of the deceased. " ANDREW JOHNSON."

The General was busied at ten o'clock, Friday,
June 1, in the West Point Cemetery.
A speaking likeness of the great American soldier
whose death we have just recorded was sent to our
office by the American agent, Mr. Robert Gun, 6,
Prince of Wales'-road, London, N.W. It is taken
from a photograph by Anson, and engraved by
Dudensing.

HANGMAN'S DAL, The Philadelphia Inquirer
discusses " Hangman's Day," and shows why
Friday was selected for the day of public exe-
cution. It declares that it is a concession to
the weak-minded prejudice that Fridays arc
unlucky. It is only in late years that this day
was selected for executions in the State of
Pennsylvania. Before the RevolUtion, and up to
the execution of Richard Smyth, Tuesdays were
generally appropriated to executions, and Smyth
was executed on a Saturday. A correspondent
objects to Friday, which he states to be the holies
day next to Sunday, as that on which our Redeemer
suffered for us. He asks, "Is it not a glaring ab-
surdity to select the very day on which the just was
put to death, as one to put criminals to death ?"
New Jersey Saturday has been chosen by late
Governors, and there was an. execution in that State
on that day a few weeks ago.

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