The Sun.
London, England, 1866-05-28 00:00:00

THE LIQUID GEM.—THE LIQUID GEM.
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THE LIQUID GE M. Song. By W. T. WRIGH-
TON. 3s. Tho same for pianoforte, by Brinley
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rrITE-LIQUID GEM is a sweet and lively song.
-1- It is like the beautiful dew drop which it describes, in
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pass."—Brighton Examiner. Ss:
THE LIQUID GEM.—" This is really an
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' Glagow Citizen. 3s.
THE LIQUID GEM.—" The words and music
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THE LIQUID GEM.—" There are a sweetness
LIQUID GE.—" A pianoforte piece
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—North London News. 3s. All the above at half-price.
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HENRY EDWARD, by the Grace of God and the
Favour of the Apostolic See, Archbishop of
Westminster, to the Clergy, Secular and Regular,
and the Faithful of the said Diocese,
lIEALTII AND BENEDICTION IN TIIE LORD.
Reverend and Dear Brethren, and dear Children
in Jesus Christ, —ln the Epistle for this Sunday,
the Church recites the words of the Apostle con-
templating in wonder and adoration the glory of the
Eternal Trinity, " 0 the depth of the riches of the
Wisdom and of the Knowledge of God." As a Son
of Israel he had grown up in the faith of the Unity
and Spirituality of the Divine Nature. " Hearken
to me, 0 Jacob, and thou Israel whom I call, I am
he, I am the first, and I am the last ;" and again,
The Lord spake to you from the niftist of the fine,'
you heard the voice of His words, but you saw not
any form at all."
These were the two chief perfections of the God-
head revealed to the world before the Word was made
Flesh. The Unity, infinity, immensity, of the only
true God, the intense purity of the invisible and
inscrutable Divine and untreated nature were, to the
people of Israel, axioms of their faith and laws of
their hearts and minds. They adored the unseen
Presence of Him who spoke with Abraham in the
midst of the Sacrifice, and under the stars of heaven ;
and manifested His glory toMoses in the cleft of the
Rock ; and to Isaias in the Temple, encompassed by
the Seraphim. But the depth of the Science of
God was not as yet revealed. The Nature, the
Life, the intelligence, the will, the personality, the
relations of God were still hidden in the light of the
eternal mind. The manifestation of God in the
flesh revealed the Three Persons, and the coming of
the Holy Ghost illuminated the intelligence of the
Church with the Science of God in Unity and
Trinity. The knowledge of God is the life and per-
fection of man. " This is eternal life, that they may
know Thee, the only true God, and Jesus Christ
whom Thou hast sent." The knowledge of God
the Father, the Son, and the Holy Ghost, in the
infinite perfection of the Three Persons, and of the
offices of Creator, Redeemer, and Sanctifier, is the
elevation of the human soul and of the world to a
supernatural order of truth and grace. The world
without God was degraded and disfigured by the
worship and imitations of its false gods. The
Israelite was ennobled and elevated by knowledge and
union with the true God ; the Christian is " made
partaker of the Divine Nature" by adoration of God
"in spirit and in truth," and by conformity to the
perfections of the Incarnate Son. The knowledge
of the Holy Trinity by faith and love is
the perfection of the soul. The intellectual, moral,
and spiritual faculties, powers, . and affections
are enlarged and perfected in proportion as the
Holy Trinity reigns in the heart. Every Christian
soul is " the temple of God through the Spirit ;"
the sanctuary of the Holy Trinity. Where the
Holy Spirit dwells there is also the Father and the
Son. They who are baptised in the name of the,.
Father, and of the Son, and of the Holy Ghost are"
made His dwelling place.
And this great gift by the waters of Baptism went
out from Jerusalem into all the world. " The earth
was filled with the knowledge of the Lord as the
covering waters of the sea." The words of the
Prophet were fulfilled : " Arise and be enlightened,
0 Jerusalem, for thy light is come, and the glory
of the Lord is risen upon thee. For behold, dark-
ness shall cover the earth, and a mist the people ;
but the Lord shall arise upon thee, and His
glory shall be seen upon thee. And the Gentiles
shall walk in thy light, and kings in the brightness
of thy rising."
Such was the elevation of mankind through the
revelation of the Hcly Trinity. From that day the
faithful became the sons of God, brethren of Jesus,
disciples of the Holy Ghost. By the incarnation of
God, relations were opened between God and man.
" The Son of God was made man," as S. A thanasius
says, "that_ men might be made sons of God."
And these new relations bring with them new
powers, affections, aspirations, enterprises, and at-
tainments. On the four cardinal virtues arise a
new structure of spiritual perfection, the super-
natural graces of faith, hope and charity, the seven
gifts of the Holy Ghost, the twelve fruits, the eight
beatitudes. The soul of man became the mirror
of the image of God with a breadth and fidelity
never seen before. It was already the likeness of
God in its unity and spirituality. It became the
reflection of the manifold perfections of Father,
Son, and Holy Ghost.
Such was the effect of the revelation of the Holy
Trinity upon individuals. But what is true of the
individual is more profoundly true of "the body,
which is the Church, the fulness of Him who is
filled all in all." St. John writes,---" I John saw
the Holy City, the. new Jerusalem, coming down
out of heaven from God, prepared as a bride adorned
for her husband. And I heard a great voice from
the throne, saying : Behold the Tabernacle of God
with men, and He will dwell with them. And they
shall be His people, and God himself with them
shall be their God."
The unity, spirituality, indivisiblity, sanctity,
universality, immortality, sovereignty of the Church
bears witness to "the only true God, and Jesus
Christ whom he has sent." It raised in the world
a visible shrine of the Divine Presence, a Taber-
nacle of the Word Incarnate prolonging His super-
natural operations as the Teacher and Sanctifier of
mankind. The Mystical Body springs from, and
surrounds the natural Body of Jesus. The unity,
symmetry, structure, and organisation of the Church,
its mystical and moral personality manifest to the
world the Presence and the Office of the Holy
Trinity through the Incarnation of the Son. And
this is symbolised by the Heavenly City, which, de-
scending from heaven, rests upon the earth ; the
Tabernacle of God among men, that is the Holy
Catholic Church, one and universal, pervading all
nations, and enduring imperishable and changeless
through all successions of time.
But the Church has a twofold mission to the
world. It has not only a spiritual mission to con-
vert and save individuals and nations. It has also
a mission of civilisation, by which the face of this
world has been renewed. Christianity, or the
Truth and Grace of God in Jesus Christ has created
the Church, and the Church has created Christen..
dom or the Christian World. There was a time
when the Church and the Christian world may have
been regarded as equivalant and convertible terms.
-While the Civil powers of the world were Pagan,
there was no Christian world. When they became
Christian they were contained within the unity
of the faith and of the Church. The schisms which
have rent Christian nations from its unity have in-
deed introduced a distinction between the Christian
world and the Church of Jesus Christ. Our Divine
Lord, by the operations of truth and grace, has
organised and knit together a supernatural structure
of faith and charity, of intellect and of obedience,
under the authority of His Pastors, and in the unity
of His members. Such is the Church viewedin-
wardly, as distinct from its visible organisation of
hierarchy and of outward communion. But the
Church by its actions upon the nations of the world,
upon the natural society of men in communities and
states, upon their legislation and tribunals, has built

up a Christian jurisprudence and an order of Chris-
tian politics, which the world uses without knowing
the fountain from which it flows, as men drink of
rivers whose sourse they have never discovered.
The Christian society is, in this sense, distinct from
the Christian Church, though it springs from it.
And the Christian people confederated by interna-
tional law constitute one great family of nations,
with mutual relations of amity and reciprocal duty,
of equal rights and common obligations. And what
tti
ies
fthislovuo foundation,
world-wide
vondChristendom,t
organisationbe
life,ndthe bond
loft
wuonfiolOtrlan-
dition of public authority, and thereof i
spo‘pular power :
the governors and the governed have alike duties
and privileges, and trusts and responsibilities, which
are harmoniously combined and justly balanced, so
long as the Christian law is supreme over human
legislation : and these things cannot be parted with-
out eliciting opposition, nor opposed without gene-
ratingitis doebspvoiotuissmtohrat theanar dutychy.
of every Christian
people is to uphold authority by obedience, and to
exercise that authority for the widest possible benefit
of those who are subject to it. Authority is neces-
sary to society, and society to the welfare of man-
kind. To overthrow authority is to inflict
misery
upon the people, and to resist and weaken authority
is to paralyse its action, and to prepare for its over-
throw. Authority is instituted by God Himself,.
and its maintenance is a duty we owe to Him. The
weltase...of to people is thaAnd fetr—whichA!zt,ikoriy
was instituted, and authority is to be ma?ntained,
not only for its own sake but for theirs, and to be
used not for the persocal aims of rulers, but for the
end designed by God, that is, the welfare of the
people. The direct antagonists of this providen-
tial and Christian order of the world are schisms
and revolutions, and the sources of these lie hid in
the individual and corporate selfishness which gene-
rates rebellions in the Church and schisms in the
State.
We have been drawn to thesethoughts, dear Chil-
dren in Jesus Christ, by the present aspect of our own
country and of the world. For as Christianity and
Christian civilisation, or the Christian Church and
the Christian world, though distinct, have yet one
and the same fountain, so the maturity and perpe-
tuity of Christian civilisation, and of the Christian
world, depend upon their union and conformity
with the laws of Christianity and of the Church. It
is not the will of God that faith and society, reli-
gion and politics, should be divided. They are
elements of the old creation and of the new, which
He has united in one. Into the dogma of faith in-
deed politics does not enter : into many regions of
politics religion does not yet enter ; yet there is an
indissoluble bond between the spiritual order of the
Church and the natural or political order of the
world, in the great primary laws of ethics and the
first principles of Christian morality. The separa-
tion of religion and politics is the master principle
of the revolution which for seventy years has been
spreading throughout Europe, and withering all it
touches. After establishing itself in the chief
nations of the Continent, it has at last entered our
own country, and is at this time striving to under-
mine Italy. The first and the last witness of the
indissoluble union of Christian faith and Christian
government is the Sovereign Pontiff. And it is
against his temporal power, therefore, that all the
efforts of revolution are directed, encouraged un-
happily by some who are blind to the reach of
their own acts, and do not see that the Temporal
Power of the Chief Pastor of Christendom is the
bond of union between the order of faith and the
order of politics, between the natural and super-
natural societies which God has founded for the wel
fare of mankind.
Another reason powerfully induces us to speak to
you on these subjects. The Supreme Teacher of
ail Christians has directed all Pastors to instruct
the Flock in these vital truths and laws of Christian
and social morality, giving us an example and guide
in the Encyclical of 1864. It is for Statesmen and
Legislators to handle and apply these political and
moral principles to the action of Government and
to the state of the people. But it is for the Pastors
of the Church to preserve and to enunciate, and by
enunciation to perpetuate these primary truths and
laws of the Christian order in all their purity, in-
tegrity, and precision. Under the highest sanction
we will now proceed.
The political excitement which has lately been
rising among us, and the hostile aspect of Europe
and America, the influences of which inevitably
affect ourselves, make it our duty as Pastors to
avert, as far as we can, by clear and timely coun-
sels, the dangers which might approach our Flock.
Eighteen years ago, the peace of every kingdom
in Europe was threatened or broken by the simulta-
neous rising of revolutions. In almost every capital
the public order was overthrown by the organised
co-operation of seditious movements. The year
1848 is an epoch in the history of revolution. It
revealed the existence and' mutual support of the
secret political Societies which are spread through-
out Europe, and are working in the dark against
the constituted order of the Christian world ; that
is, against the two-fold authority which God has
ordained for the peace and welfare of mankind, the
powers spiritual and temporal, or, in other words,
the Church and civil Society.
You are well aware that the Sovereign Pontiffs,
to whom is committed the supreme care both of the
Church and of Society, have again and again con-
demned all such secret and clandestine conspiracies
as the natural and direct enemies of the spiritual
and temporal powers which God has ordained. The
condemnations of Clement XH., Benedict XIV.,
Pius VII., and Leo XII., were renewed in Sep-
tember last in the Allocution of our Holy Father
Pius IX. No Catholic can belong to any such
secret society without incurring the pain of excom-
munication. We hold it to be necessary to remind
the faithful of these Pontifical condemnations, lest
any should be deceived or drawn to entangle them-
selves in such secret societies. The signs of the
times warn us of danger. In every country of
Europe, we may say of the Old World and of the
New, are to be seen the symptoms of simultaneous
agitation, the preludes, it may be, of another epoch
in the history of revolutions. The year 1848 may
repeat itself.

The most sacred authority upon earth is that of
the Church, which, being directly founded, sus-
tained, and assisted by God, reigns supreme within
the sphere of its supernatural office. To this autho-
rity, as Catholics, you submit as to God Himself ;
and that submission is the noblest act of yourreason
and of your will.

Next to this supreme authority of the super-
natural order is the authority of the State or of the
civil power, which is also ordained of God in the
order of nature. The society of mankind is, like
man himself, a creation of God. The laws of
authority and of obedience by which society is bound
together are of divine institution and of divine obli-
gation. Obedience to the civil ruler is a duty of
the natural order. All men are bound by it: still
more all Christians, who aversm by the
word of God to obey the p that be. Nothing
can excuse disobedience to lawful rulers but such a
necessity as should render it a duty to disobey. But
what can make disobedience to be a duty except
some extreme violation of divine and natural right ?
—a supposition, if possible in Civil Government,
impossible in the order of the Church. These hi
and sacred principles, founded boththe _a law of
w
nature and in the law of faith, have Veen in
past half century parodied, disfigured, the
and cor-
rupted into the supreme law of evolution.
And this, again, has been so preached and
expounded as to justify every excess of popular
change, caprice, and licence.
and The o sovereignty
changeat willof
the people, the right to choose
its government and its governors, the absolute in-
dependence of nations, and their inherent right to
erect themselves into separate States, notwithstand-

(
"IN :41VSP1
----, ,
ing the actual and providenfiaLbicier- of ,
notwithstanding the confeatlted -,anci triditiiinal
4...
authority of public law, and the itticredlradiAons
and legislation of the Christian world ; and this,
too, by means of secret societies, political conspira-
cies, seditious organisation, armaments in violation
of the laws of nations, sanguinary invasions of
friendly States ;—all these things have been taught
and promulgated by the authority of philosophers
and legislators until they have acquired the cur-
rency of axioms, aild have been elevated to the
supremacy of political rights.
These were maxims of dangerous application at
home. The sufferings of Catholic Ireland for the
last 300 years have filled its population with a just
and reasoned discontent. Until Ireland shall be
healed of these old wounds, we cannot look for in-
ternal union, for we shall not deserve it. But the
wounds of Ireland are not to be healed by sedition,
or by revolution. They who would excite the noble,
confiding, generous, and Catholic people of Ireland
by dreams of independence, and of republics, are
not taking God's way to heal its wounds, but to
re-open, to inflame, and to inflict them more deeply
and more fatally. The faith and patience which
has triumped until now, will triumph to the end, if
we do not renounce ourconfidence in God and justice.
To all who,by Christian, Catholic, and lawful means
promote not only the healing and the happiness, but
the raising of Ireland to its full participation in the
public life and prosperity of the British Empire, we
heartily wish God speed : and by all the sympathy
and influence in our power as Pastor of a flock
largely mingled with the ' generous and enduring
children of Ireland, we desire to forward this same
happy result.
We were, however, not surprised by the deplor-
able confusions which a little while ago seemed
gathering around us. They were easily to be fore-
seen and foretold, because they are the inevitable and
legitimate results of both the sufferings of Ireland
te'j revolutionsl.l
,114:4 9f444444pagr,ocav,erted jurisprudence,-false
political.niaxuni
and
ti -Catholic E
tdt ri Po
pl °cm, aa
cud
prepared for a day when '
which has served the
the same principles with
which the public peace of other states has been
troubled may return in full tide
upon ourselves.
At such a time, then, as this,
we should owe it as
our duty towards God and llis ' Church, towards the
Civil Society of which we are a part, to exhort you,
if need were, to true and faithful allegiance, and to
upright and conscientious obedience to the law.
But the loyalty of Catholics is written in the history
of England, and you well maintain your right to
this traditionary honour. If the bitter intermixture
of religious persecution had not entered in to trouble
the civil obedience and the moral sense of Catholics
in England and Ireland, we should now have been
an united and peaceful, instead of a disunited and
jarring people. But the past is vanishing away. A
a wiser and juster legislation is purifying our civil
order from the remnants of penal laws and social
bigotry. Just legislation generates loyalty ; and in
proportion as the conscience of Catholics is respected
in that proportion they will close around the civil
order of the country, as at this moment in Canada,
to honour and defend it. The man who would turn
back again the wiser and the juster legislation of the
present into the controversial narrowness and in-
justice of the past, or would delay and hinder the
onward course of this tardy reparation, is an unwise
counsellor or no true friend to our common weal.
You need not our exhortations, to show yourselves
to be good subjects for conscience' sake. As Catho-
lies, you are instinctively on the side of authority,
order, and peace; and by a second nature opposed
to anarchy, sedition, and revolution. You do this
for our Lord's sake, for the duty you owe to His
Church, and for the sake of the Sovereign Pontiff,
who, throughout a reign of nineteen years, has stood
inflexible and fearless in the midst of conflicts, re-
sisting, with a calm and immovable firmness, the
usurpations of might against right, the falsehoods
of popular opinion, and the assaults of anti-social
and anti-Christian revolution : and by this resist-
ance to wrong, has vindicated the rights of justice,
the sacred authority of civil government, the pro-
vidential union of the spiritual and temporal order
in Christian civilization and the Christian world.
It might seem, dear Children in Christ, that these
thoughts have led us far away from the Festival of
Trinity Sunday, and the purpose for which we ask
your alms to-day. But it is not so. It was the
knowledge and worship of the true God in Jesus
Christ which created the Christian world in all its
(
beauty, peace, and fruitfulness of charity to man-
kind, and of Glory to God. It is by Christianity,
and not by civilization alone, that the Christian
world is to be sustained among men. Civilization
without Christianity returns again, like man, into
the dust from which it was taken: a truth which not
only the heated politicians of this day will not re-
member, but the cold philosophers of these latter
times contemptuously deny. To separate Society
from the Church, to banish religion from legisla-
tures, to exclude the action of the Church from edu-
cation, to undo the work, and to reverse the way
of Christendom from its first rise to its full matu-
rity, has been proclaimed as the only true philosophy
of politics. If this prevail, the Civil powers of the
world will return to their former isolation, before
the Christian world arose to make them the king-
dom of God and of his Christ.

Faith and the history of Faith teaches us the re-
verse of all this. We believe the true and supreme
Legislator has ordained that men and generations,
races and nations, cities and kingdoms, should un-
fold and grow in all perfection of private and public
weal, of peace and justice, of mutual offices of
charity and universal prosperity by the knowledge
of God, His character, kingdom, and laws. Europe
and England were once held by force of arms until
Churches dismantled fortified strongholds, and
created peaceful towns dwelling without walls. The
benign influence of the Church is jealously and
proudly resisted by Statesmen and by Governments,
and Europe is to keep its peace by the mutual
menace of five millions of armed men. It is the
action of faith and worship that must restore unity
and happiness to our people, or happiness and unity
will return no more. Ail things are sustained and
renewed by the principles from which they spring.
If the principle of production be enfeebled they lan-
guish ; if it be extinct, they die. Therefore it is that as
good Citizens as well as Catholic Christians you labour
and make your offerings to multiply the altars and
churches, which are the fountains of healing to the
hu
rch
sin and disobedience of mankind. In promotingen
the salvation of souls you are spreading peace ev
in the civil order of the country. Every c
diffuses sanctity,
about it. The Divine presence_ _
obedience, order, c,ood-
purity, calm, contentment,
and justice. If
you build changes the face of the population round
will, mutual benevolence,
e respect,in the worship of
ten thousand sanc-
tuaries forefathersy to the glory of our
tuaries raised by 0
and of His Immaculate Mother,
Incarnate Lord
all
the Englande ve r blessed were one e.
Trinity,
united
the
blessed above the nations of the
we shouldthbaell
natural prosperity,
and all the higher graces
of the kingdom of
a; ywniever attain it ; but to have laboured for
with of
fhave prayed for rts'
God.
Every offering you make tends to this end.
ae lower gifts iftt so
accomplishment will not lose its reward.
We cannot close these wordwithout " •
o
s pointing to
iffte,aerttnih have willetdhe
your attention the
lam„,(_, ~ increase made by the zealous
efforts of the Rev. Secretary of this Fund, and
by
the generosity of a number of our flock, few indeed,
but always forward in this and
every good work.
We thank them in God's name, and earnestly ex-
hort you to do likewise ; and we direct that the
printed list of contributions be attached to th© doors
of the churches for the next four Sundays.
And may the grace of the only true God be with
you all. Amen.

-----
Given at Westminster this Twenty-sixth day of
May, 1866, and ordered to be read in all churches
and chapels of the Diocese on Trinity Sunday, on
which day the annual collection is to be made for
the Church Building Fund.

t HENRy EDWAP,D,
ishop of -Westminster.
Secretary.
JOHN CANON
01N

THE REPRESENTATION OF IN7ATERFORD COUNTY.

—Mr. Esmond, having accepted the office of Lord of the
Treasury, has addressed the electors of the away of
Waterford, and offers hipaselt for re-election.