The Sun.
London, England, 1835-10-13 00:00:00

THE SUN, LONDON, TUESDAY, OCTOBER 13, 1835.

ply that the people have not thought it worth while to
take up aims against the invidious aggression of Louis
PHILLIPPE, as they did against the ill-concerted at-
tac': of his pedecessor. But the absence of revolt
does not prove the non-existence of dissatisfaction
the absence of dissatisfaction does'not show that injury
has not been inflicted. Louis PHILLIPPE has been
allowed in one instance to infringe the Charter, as his
predecessors of the Restoration were permitted to do
with impunity more than once. And as we believe
that the course on which Louis PHILLIPPE iS now
entering, is one quite as fatal to the liberties and hap-
piness of his country as ever were the follies of his
predecessors, so we are not without hopes that the
very stroke by which he has apparently laid low the
liberties of France, will stir up and organize against
him the same combined, constitutional, and general
resistance, which out of the most brilliant of their
triumphs over freedom, sprung up to thwart, and
finally subvert, the tyranny of the elder branch of his
race.

The Paris Papers of Sunday, the whole of which
we have just received, contain a variety of interesting
intelligence, domestic and foreign. The Journal des
Dchats publishes an extract from a letter from Ona,
confirming the account of the junction of the forces
under Generals ESPELETTA and CORDOVA on the
22d of September. The same fact is noticed in the
Eco del Conzmercio, a Madrid Journal. The Moni-
teur contains two Reports addressed by the Minister
of Commerce to King LOUIS PHILLIPPE, with a
Royal Ordinance founded upon them. The substance
of these very important documents will be found in
another part of The Sun. It is stated in some of the
Ministerial organs that their operation will materially
benefit French commerce, more especially in the
colonies.

The report of the trial of the Ex-Peer of France
the Count DE KERGORLAY, and the responsible
Editor of the Quotidienne, at the Paris Assizes on
Saturday, will be read with deep interest.• The
Count's crime may be classed among those offences
most familiar in France. It was a public attack
upon the Royal dignity, made through the columns
of the Quotidienne. A glance at the report
must convince every person that Louis PHIL-
L I PPE has signally failed in his late efforts to conci-
liate the Carlists. They are now, and will continue
to be, the deadliest enemies of the Orleans dynasty.
He may persecute the Republicans as much as he
pleases ; he may load the Press with all the restric-
tions which the Chambers have the power of
imposing ; he may restore the Charter of Louis
XVIII., and with it the exploded lumber of an
hereditary Peerage and a Regular priesthood ; he
may even do more than all this, but yet he will not
thereby secure the allegiance of the Carlists. It were
well for France that her KING was fully impressed
with a conviction of this most important truth. The
Carlists are still powerful though inert ; and they will
not fail to seize the first opportunity, when the Go-
vernment has lost the confidence of the whole of the
Republican party, to rise in arms against it. That
they never can succeed in a scheme for the restoration
of the exiled branch of the BOURBON dynasty, we are
very confident ; but, joined. by the 'Movement party,
they will have no difficulty in dethroning the reigning
Sovereign of the French. Did Louis PHIL LIPPE
understand his own interests, lie might still learn an
useful lesson from the trial of the ex-Peer, K ERGOR•
LA Y. The Republicans he can conciliate : the Carlists
are inexorable. The cordial support of one or the other
is necessary to the security of the French Throne.
The following is a summary of the news from. Spain,
contained in the Moniteur of Sunday .
A telegraphic dispatch from Perpignan, dated the 7th of
October, contains the following :
" On the 3rd two deputies of the Barcelona Junta took
their departure for Madrid.
" An extraordinary courier announced at Barcelona, on
the 4th, the approaching meeting of the Cortes, elected
according to a very enlarged and popular system.
" On the 7th the Navarrese approached Figueras, where
reinforcements were expected from Barcelona.
" At Mahon a movement has taken place, in which the
Arch bishops of Santiago, Saragossa, and Tarragona, have
been nearly assassinated."
A letter from Paer, of the 6th, says :
" The Juntas of Estremadura have dissolved, like those
of Saragossa and Barcelona.
" The Count de las Navas has stopped on the banks of
the Manzanares to await events.
" Notwithstanding the statements of the French journals,
the report is afloat here that the Portuguese division en-
tered Castile on the 30th September.
" The Capture of the Chief Rozet is confirmed • he has
been executed, along with 71 men of his own band.
" 'A second letter, dated Bayonne, the 6th October, an-
nounces that Mina had written to the Mayor of Bayonne
that he is about to repair to Barcelona.
" Almost the whole of the Carlist artillery is at Onate."
The same letter concludes thus
" The Bayonne journals to-day contain particulars of pre-
tended combats that have recently taken place , but I can
assure you that between the 20th and 27th of September
no serious action has occurred.
" I know not whence proceeds all the news that returns
to us from Paris, but the three-fourths of it is false."
The Nouvelle Minerve states, on the authority of
a correspondent, that Don MIGUEL has been ar-
rested at Charenton, where he was travelling disguised
as a courier, and the bearer of an English passport,
under the name of Goldsmith. According to this
statement the Minister of the Interior had had intima-
tion of the PRINCE'S route and disguise, and the po-
lice were ordered to seize a person described as—
" short, very black complexion, having dirty hands, and
dragging his right leg." The Nouvelle I)finerve
asserts that the arrest certainly took place, and asks, if
the individual seized was not Don MIGUEL, who the
mysterious personage really was. Of course it is not
for us to answer questions addressed to M. THIERS
but we may state, for the information of our readers,
that Don MIGUEL is not yet within the clutches of

the police.
The Indicateur persists in its unfavourable accounts
of Don CARLOS. It says,—" The complete rout
of Don CARLOS is confirmed by official reports.
The number of killed, wounded, and prisoners is
stated to be above 1,500."

Summary of the Royal Ordinance for the new regu-
lation of Commercial Duties in France :
Article 1 of the following ordonnance, modifies, with
respect to some commodities, the duties substituted for ab-
solute prohibition by the ordonnance of June, 1834. The
minimum of the value to be declared for Cachmere shawls,
was then fixed at 500 francs. This appeared too high, and
the sum is now reduced to 400 francs. The materials of
watchmaking used to pay from 6 to 10 per cent. ad valorem.
This system is altogether altered. Watches will pay a fixed
duty, which is calculated to obviate contraband. The duty
of 16 francs per kilogramme, or two pound weight, upon
India silk handkerchiefs, is reduced to 11 francs, as was
solicited by the Chamber of Commerce of Lyons. The
Minister expresses his wish to be able to admit printed
foulards also, but the law does not offer him this power.
Article 2 relates to the reduction of duties, laid on
by the ordonnance of 1834, to the correcting of errors, and,
harmonizing the different regulations. Thus it establishes
a special duty for the importation of wool, and other com-
modities in foreign ships. Fine woods of Brazil, imported
direct from the place of their production, will pay less.
The duty on elephants' teeth is considerably reduced.
Lastly, indigo brought by French vessels from the, place
of its production, is admitted on paying the same duty as
i
Indian indigo, being 10 sous nlieu of 2 francs. Olive oil
is a principal article of importation. There are two kinds ;
one for culinary purposes, the other for manufactures ; the
first pays 35 francs per 100 kilogrammes, the second 25
francs. But there are many intermediate kinds, which, in
order to get in at the lowest duty, are mixed with turpen-
tine, and thus rendered unfit for culinary purposes. The
ordonance establishes one fixed duty, that of 25 francs per
kilogramme. The duty on oil of palms, employed in mak-
ing yellow soap, is reduced one-half—viz, to 12} francs

per kilogramme. Flax-seed is already admitted on a small
duty. Other oleaginous grains are treated with equal
fairness.
The next paragraph of the Report relates to saltpetre,
which there is every wish to admit on better terms, the
great difficulty exists on account of the necessity of keep-
ing a store of this article for the War Minister. In conse-
quence, a commission has been appointed to examine it.
In the meantime, the nitrate of soda not being employed in
the fabrication of powder, will have a diminution of duty.
The duty on slates is reduced, and their entry permitted
by the frontier of Belgium. The duty on marble is also
diminished, and its kinds classified.
The Report then proceeds to treat of the graver ques-
tions of coal and iron.
The importation of coal by sea is subject to a duty of
one franc per quintal. But it is evident that this, however
necessary in some points, is too much in others. The
coast is therefore to be divided into two zones, as was
done by the law of 1791. The sands of Olonne focrn
the point of separation between the two zones. The
duties are not to be altered in the northern division, but
in the southern, extending from the above sands to
Bayonne : and in the ports of the Mediterranean, the duty
is to be assimilated to that demanded on the land frontier,
viz., 30 centimes per 100 kilogrammes.
Twice the reduction of the duty on iron was proposed,
in 1829 and 1834. The time has arrived for a moderate
reduction. After some sentences expressive of the ne-
cessity of blending caution with wisdom, the Report pro-
ceeds to say, that the duties on cast iron are diminished
by one franc, i. e. from nine francs the quintal to eight.
The duty upon iron in bars is reduced one-fifth. Those
now paying 25 francs will pay but 20. That imported by
land will not have to pay all that is imposed on iron im-
ported by sea.
There is, moreover, an omission to be filled up in the
tariff. According to the law of 1822, iron, with which
wood and the hammer have been used, paid but 15 francs,
laid on by the law of 1814. The ten francs duty, added
in 1822, applied but to iron in the smelting of which coal
was employed. But with respect to iron, with which wood
is used, French production is sufficiently protected by the
old duty.
To obviate contraband, four bureaux of importations will
be established ; two on the Belgic, and two on the Spanish
frontier, for iron smelted with wood ; Spanish iron has
long enjoyed the privilege of being imported at a duty of 15
francs, by tolerance ; and it is time to legalize this.
Iron roads are made with what are called rails, a form
not foreseen or enumerated in the law of 1822. Rails
ought to be assimilated to other iron in bars, and taxed

like them.
The Minister expresses what pleasure it would have
given him to encourage iron rail-roads, by diminishing the
duty upon one-half the quantity of rails employed on a
road. But this is beyond the power of a Minister to grant
by Ordonnance, and demands the sanction of a law.
The Monileur contains another Ordonnance, exempting
from duty' the sugar exported from Guadeloupe and Mar-
tinique. This duty, which hitherto supplied the expenses
of the colony, is to be replaced by a duty of three per cent.
on the importation of all commodities imported from France.
India handkerchiefs are also admitted at those islands, pay-
ing a duty of ten francs for eight handkerchiefs. -

The following extract from a letter from Cadiz,
dated the 29th of September, has been forwarded to us
from the City. We have received assurances that it
comes from a quarter which may be depended upon.
We give it as we received it. Comment upon it is
rendered unnecessary by the space which we yesterday
devoted to the subject :
" We have just received by express the decree of the
convocation of the Cortes, and other measures adopted by
the Government, which had given general satisfaction. The
people are assembling in crowds in the streets, congratu-
lating each other at seeing so happily ended a civil war be-
tween the Liberals, which presented a more awful aspect
than that which is raging in the North.
" Every person acknowledges that M. Mendizabal is
acting fairly and honestly—that he has taken the interest
of his country at heart ; and when we see our Procurador,
Ulloa, appointed Minister of Marine, and Alcala Galiano,
one of the members of the Commission, to frame the Elec-
toral Law,—Cadiz, the natural soil of M. Mendizabal,
cannot throw any obstacles in the way of this distinguished
patriot in his undertaking to regenerate Spain.
" It is, therefore, expected that the Junta will be assem-
bled to-morrow, and they will come unanimously to the dis-
cussion of sending their submission to the Government ; of
renewing the powers which they withheld from their Pro-
curadores ; and, finally, to direct the Count Las Navas to
come back with the division he is marching on Madrid."

The horror and indignation with which the people
of England have heard of the brutal atrocities com-
mitted by the Spanish belligerents, is likely to be again
roused by the conduct of CountD'ALmonovA R,Cap-
tain General of Valencia, unless M. MENDIZABAL
has already adopted measures for restraining him in
the exercise of the extensive powers with which he
has been entrusted. The Journal des Debats, on
whose authority we write, contains what it asserts to
be an authentic copy of a decree, promulgate
by the Captain-General on his own responsibility,
which we consider it our duty to submit to the notice
Of the people of this country. If it be indeed authen-
tic, d'ALm °Do VAR ought, as the mildest punishment,.
to be for ever expelled the kingdom of Spain. We
are confident that the Spanish Government will not
tolerate such infractions of the Convention agreed to
through the intervention of Great Britain. At the
same time we regret to observe that the atrocities
which disgrace the Spanish belligerents are, almost in
every instance; commenced or provoked by theQ LLEEN's
Generals. The following is a copy of Count d'ALmo-
DO vAR's decree as given in the Journal des Debats :
" 1. Every assassination perpetrated by the factious
upon defenceless individuals shall be avenged by the death
of a double number of the rebels who are at the depot of
Pensacola, unless some of the band to which the guilty be-
long be prisoners, in which case they shall be put to the
sword.

"2. All persons not belonging to the National Guard or
army shall, in forty-eight hours after the promulgation of
the present decree, deliver up to the municipality all arms
that they may have in their possession. This delay ex-
ceeded, they shall suffer death.
" 3. Whoever shall utter vi rats in honour of the Pre-
tender or the not less odious cry of " Muera" against liberty
or the two Queens shall be put to death.
" 4. The same penalty shall be awarded to all that shall
disseminate subversive writings, excite to rebellion in any
manner whatsoever, correspond with the rebels, supply them
with arms; provisions, or ammunition.
"5. In case of an alarm, half an hour after the generale
shall have been beaten, all National Guards must be in
their respective companies. All such as shall not obey the
summons shall be forthwith arrested and disarmed.
" 6. All meetings in the streets half an hour after the
generale shall be dispersed by force after a single summons.
A meeting of three persons only shall be thus dispersed.
" 7. For the execution of this Decree I shall form a
Special Commission, consisting equally of Officers of the
army and National Guard.
" The authorities are entrusted, upon their most rigorous
responsibility, with the execution of this decree. In award-
ing the penalty they shall proceed in the most summary
way, pronouncing the sentence as soon as sufficient evi-
dence shall be obtained. I shall myself take care to have
those sentences executed with a promptness that shall sa-
tisfy all good citizens, for I am determined on making
examples, in order to terrify the enemies of liberty and
maintain tranquillity at any cost."
A more inhuman document than this never was
published. The person who could promulgate it is
unfit for the society of mankind, and we trust that M.
MENDIZABAL will deal with him in such a way as
shall remove the stigma of approbation of his conduct
from the QUEEN'S Government. Were it not for the
cruelties perpetrated by MINA in the Basques during
his Captain-Generalship, we verily believe the inhabi-
tants would ere now have voluntarily joined' the Con-
stitutional standard.

The Milan Gazette of the 27th of September con-
tains the following Sovereign Rescript, granted by the
Emperor FERDINAND in favour of twenty prisoners,
eonfined_in the dungeons of Milan for the crime of
high treason. Of the twenty, nineteen were under
sentence of death, and the twentieth had been sen-
tenced to incarceration for twenty years I

" SOVEREIGN RESCRIPT, MARCII 4, 1835.
" It is my pleasure, by an act of clemency, to excuse the
prisoners tried at Milan, for the crime of high treason, from
the penalty of death, if sentenced to it, and to commute it
into imprisonment of the second degree foi: several years.
" But as the public good only requires that such crimi-
nals should be incapacitated from doing mischief, I think fit-
1. As well for them, as for those State criminals who,
though not condemned to the penalty of death, are sen-

tented to imprisonment of the second degree for several
years, to leave them at liberty either to undergo this I
last penalty, or to be banished for life to America, and
this on the condition that if they should appear again on
the Continent of Europe, or in the European Islands,
and should there be arrested, either directly by my Go-
vernment, or by means of other Powers, they should be
subjected to the above mentioned punishment of impri-
sonment, without further investigation, or sentence, but
only on proof of their identity ; and after the expiration
of their imprisonment they shall be banished. This mea-
sure extends to all delinquents of this kind, who are sen-
tenced to more than five years' imprisonment of the second

degree.
2. The delinquent, in case he chooses transportation,
loses his right as an Austrian citizen, his rank, titles, and
becomes incapable of acquiring, transferring, or bequeathing
property in the Austrian States ; and property devolving to
him by will or by law, will belong to the persons who would
be entitled to it in case of his death. He may, however,
take with him the property he already possesses,, that is to
say, it shall be remitted to him on the receipt of a certifi-
cate of.his arrival and landing in America, signed by the
Austrian Consul. The wife may accompany the husband
if she pleases. The guardians of the children who are mi-
nors will determine whether these children shall emigrate or
not ; if they emigrate, their property, likewise, with the con-
sent of the guardians, may be estreated. The legal regu-
lations for the security of the creditors are to be attended
to ; the competent tribunal shall determine what proportion
of the property shall be retained for the maintenance, &c.,
of the wife and children. The delinquent shall be conveyed
as a prisoner to au American port at the expense of the
state, and then be set at ' liberty. The wife and children
may go in the same ship."
The rescript then orders that the resolution shall be
communicated in its whole tenor to the persons whom it
concerns, and that a period of 14 days shall be given them
(which the Judge may prolong if he sees occasion), to re-
flect on the alternative offered them ; if they do not declare
what choice they have made, they will undergo the sentence
passed on them. During the time allowed the delinquent
for consideration, he shall be permitted, with the usual pre-
cautions, to confer, when he pleases, with his relations, and
with all other persons whose advice be is desirous of ob-
taining. If he declares for transportation, an authentic
copy of the protocol, which is to be drawn up, shall be de-
livered to the police, that it may make necessary arrange-
ments, and another copy shall be given to the delinquent
and his relations.