The Sun.
London, England, 1866-06-07 00:00:00

THE SUN, LONDON, THURSDAY EVENING, JUNE 7, 1860.

takes off the responsibility from the two German
Powers. It is indeed to be regretted that this de-
cision was not earlier made by Austria, for it would
have prevented the Prussians from obtaining such
an ascendancy in many ways, as they have
done. Very true were the reproaches here
made about the course pursued by the Prus-
sians throughout this affair, and it is mid with
perfect justice that had the.two Powers agreed upon
a definitive settlement " of the treaties, there would
have been no need of this appeal being made ;" but
it is added, " all the efforts of Austria directed to-
wards obtaining the concurrence of Prussia to an
arrangement which all the rest of Germany recog-
nised as right and lawful were unavailing." The
pertinacity with which the Prussians upheld the
right of Federal execution now militates against
them in various ways, and, as the Abendpost states,
it was not as a European Power, but as a member
of the Confederation that she acted against Den-
mark. Very strong is the force of this satirical
passage.—" If momentary advantages do not con-
stitute the fundamental principles of her policy, if
she has preserved, despite her system of military
conventions, separate alliances, and dallying with
,foreign Powers, one remnant of fidelity to Federal
rights, she will submit to the decision of the Diet,
as-Austria has determined to submit herself." We
quite agree with this article in its denunciation of
the policy that has of late been pursued by the
Cabinet of Berlin, a belief in the destiny of the
Prussian monarchy, has for a long time exercised a
" dominating influence " upon them, and
,the
sooner they change their tactics the better.
The Moniteur du Soir, in its bulletin last evening,
stated the reservations that Austria made to the ac-
ceptation of the Conference, and these had the ef-
fect of preventing any " thorough examination" of
the Austro-Italian difference. It is said that the
Baron Von WERTHER has presented to Count
MENSDORFF the Prussian despatch, protesting
against the convocation of the Holstein Estates,
and accusing Austria of a violation of the Gastein
Convention ; and this despatch is regarded as the
prelude to the ultimatum which Prussia is expected to
deliver to-morrow at the Federal Diet, so that it
may be considered as the beginning of the end.
We have no doubt that the Berlin Government will
prefer to go to _war rather than draw back from
their previous assertions and allow the Diet to settle
about the Duchies. The news from Berlin asserts
that the measures announced in the Diet by that
Power violate the treaty of Gastein, and cause the
suspension of the co-possession existing hitherto in
the Duchies. The two Powers are now restored to
the position and rights accorded to them by the
Treaty of Vienna, which retains its " European
validity." There is nothing in this affair so
ridiculous as the way in which these treaties are
declared valid or invalid in order to serve the turn
of the disputants. The announcement of the
French EMPEROR that he detested the Treaties of
1815 was the prelude to various other declarations
for and against them in many directions. Here we
have Prussia declaring that she will stand by these
Treaties, and Austria asserting that the course pur-
sued by Prussia has violated them.

Notwithstanding all these appeals to treaties,
valid or invalid, as the case may be, it appears very
probable that recourse will be had to an agency
which reverses treaties and changes the plans of the
wisest and strongest. The war which now seems
imminent will no doubt have the effect of pro-
ducing a new order of things. Prince FRE-
DERIC CHARLES and the officers of his.staff
had a farewell audience of the King of PRUSSIA
yesterday, and they will proceed to the headquarters
of the army in Silesia. It is expected that the
KING will also proceed there in a short time. All
is being done to incite and encourage the Prussian
people to the contest. It is said by the semi-official
Provinzial Correspondenz that the neutral Powers',
have thanked Prussia for her readiness to support
their efforts to preserve peace, and declared that
she is now completely free to take her own course.
This journal adds that Prussia, having decided to
protest against the convocation of the Holstein
Estates, will " no doubt follow up her protest by
active measures." The troops are indeed already
on their way to take possession of the Holstein
garrisons that are unoccupied by Austria, so that
this is in fact in some degree the commencement
of hostilities. By next week, in all probability,
some definite step will have been taken that will
precipitate matters, and in the meantime there is
sufficient to do in watching the various preparations
that are in progress in various directions, all tending
to the same lamentable result.

Among all the startling revelations of workhouse
management which have lately shocked the public
mind, the Strand Union has usually appeared in a
very favourable aspect. By common consent it has
been one of the best managed in the metropolis--
the master and matron have been represented as
unusually humane and intelligent, and the medical
officer laborious and self-denying. The Commis-
sioners of the Lancet, who render such
valuable service in exposing the miseries and
deprivations of the wretched denizens of our
vast State hospitals, fully confirmed those favour-
able impressions of the Strand Union, although they
denounced the building itself as totally unfitted for

its purpose. The situation of the workhouse is in
itself unfortuate, and the buildings were declared
by these gentlemen to be, on the whole, less
suited to an infirmary than those of any other
workhouse, although seven-eighths of the beds
are occupied by sick or infirm paupers. Still
their opinion of the management was, on the whole,
favourable, and yet the revelations before the Poor-
law Board during the last day or two show a con-
dition of things which no person of the commonest
humanity can contemplate without horror. At the
root of all the unnecessary sufferings endured by
the sick in these establishments is the miserable
system of pauper nursing, a system which has been
repeatedly and empathically condemned by every in-
dependent and experienced observer. Mr. FA RNALL'S
views on this point are well known, and surely if
there is any undertaking in which a certain degree
of natural aptitude requires to be improved by
careful training and patient experience it is that of
nursing the sick ; yet in these establishments the
mere fact of a man or woman being willing to
undertake the duty is consideied sufficient, no
matter ho
dtes
they may how ignorant, incapable, or infirm
theirthe most eff physicalects,as
incapacity pro

in the cazd of a male nurse in the Strand Union,
who was unable to lift x bedridden man, who was
consequently afflicted 1% ith a dangerous bedsore.
The revelations at these it. guinea show not so much
isolated errors or misconduct, but something radi-
cally wrong with the whole ratem, which must be
entirely remodelled and reorgan:sed if we would
escape a national disgrace.

THE ROYAL MARRIAGES.—V tre believe we are
correct in stating that the folic swing ladies will be
her Royal Highness Princess Holona's bridesmaids :—The
Lady Margaret Scott, the Lady klaroline Gordon Lennox,
the Lady Bertha Hamilton, the Ludy Katharine Phipps,
the Lady Alexaudrina, Murray, filo I:utly Ernestine Edg-
cumbe, the Lady Elizabeth Parl:er, amd the Lady Muriel
Campbell. Her Royal Highness. Yrioess Mary's brides-
maids will, we understand, be La dy Aneta, Yorke, Lady
Cornelia Churchill, Lady Cecilia Diolyneux, and Lady
u
eorgiana Hamilton.—The

CORRESPONDENCE FROM PARIS.

(FROM OUR OWN CORRESPONDENT.)
PARIS, Wednesday Evening.
. _

Politicians have not yet recovered from the sur-
prise and stupor produced by the articles in the
Afoniteur and Constitutionnel as to the "reserva-
tions" of Austria. Every one seems to have been
deceived. I have warned your readers in regard to
the false news so freely circulated of late even in
official papers. The Memorial Diplomatique, which
claims such authority that great faith was placed in
it, has been assuring its readers that Austria was
disposed to do almost anything to bring about a
pacific solution of the difficulty. Many other similar
delusions might be cited.

The Siecle says :
" We will ask all impartial minds whether it be
not always with the same blindness that Austria is
hurried forward. In 1859, when she invaded the
territory of the Peninsula, and now when she
haughtily repulses the proposals made to her in the
most courteous form by France, England, and
Russia ? Austria, in acting thus, places herself be-
yond the pale of enlightened Governments."
The following is from the Moniteur
" Letters from Aleppo state that the Governor-
General, Djedct Pasha, feeling the necessity of
making provision for the population until the en-
suing harvest, has requested and obtained from the
central Government permission for the admission,
during three months, free of customs' duty, the im-
portation of corn and flour by the Alexandrette
station. This measure came into operation on the
11th April, and will continue so till July 12. The
present price of corn at Aleppo is 150 piastres the
chambal, or 53ff. the hectolitre (1,000 quarts). If
this price be compared with that of the
cereals of France, it is evident that our
corn and flour will find a very profitable
sale, whatever may be the expense of transport from
Marseilles to Alexandrette. The daily consump-
tion of the town of Aleppo is estimated at about 600
hectolitres of flour, and our commerce may calcu-
late that in three months 60,000 hectolitres of corn
and flour will be consumed in that town alone. It
appears certain that the resources of the country are
exhausted, and that the populations there are in the
same state of scarcity as the inhabitants of the
town. If, as there is unfortunately reason to fear,
the next harvest should partially fail, the country
must require from foreigners at least a million hec-
tolitres of corn, or their equivalent in flour. In
this respect, however, an accurate judgment cannot
be formed until the last half of July, when the re-
sult of the harvest at Diarbekir, Mossoul, Hauran,
and Anatolia will be known exactly at Aleppo."
La Liberte gives the following sketch of the ag-
grandisements of Prussia. At the end of the 17th
century Prussia was only a Duchy called Branden-
bourg, but the victory of Fehrbelin, at which Frede-
rick William triumphed over the famous Swedish
infantry of Gustavus Adolphus, obta'n3d such re-
nown throughout Germany that the Emperor gave
to the Duke de Brandenbourg the.permission to call
himself King (1701) and recognised his kingdom.
This made Prince Eugene say, " The Emperor ought
to hang the Ministers who gave him such perfidious
advice." If Prussia should intend to profit in the
nineteenth century by its aggrandisement as it did
in the eighteenth, by turning to advantage her neu-
tralities as well as her victories, Austria and
Europe have not done with her. If her present
ambition be equal to her ambition during the past,
there is permanent danger to the peace of Europe.
Frederick the Second (1740 to 1786) wrested
Silesia from Austria in violation of trea-
ties, appropriated a portion of Poland, and
forced Austria, by the peace of Teschen, to give
up to her an important province of Bavaria. Fre-
derick William 11., successor and nephew of
Frederick (1786 to 1797), enlarged his kingdom by
the second and third partition of Poland, and by
the annexation of the Principalities of Auspach and
Parch'. Frederick William 11. recovered by the
treaties of 1815 his ancient possessions, and ob-
tained more than half of Saxony, the Grand Duchy
of Posen, the 'city of Dantzic, a poition of West-
phalia, the Grand Duchy of Berg, the Duchy of
Juliers, the greater portion of the Electorates of
Cologne and Troves and Swedish Pomerania. In
1834 Prussia acquired the Principality of Litchen-
berg. In 1819 the Princes of Hohenzollern ceded
their Principalities to her. In 1835 Prussia bought
the Grand Duchy of Oldenbourg for 2,000,000 of
francs, a portion of territory on the Gulf of La
Jaide, in order to construct a war port. She also
was admitted among the States of the Baltic. In
1864 she purchased the Duchy of Lanenbourg with
Austria from Denmark ; now she wishes to annex,
without giving territorial compensation to any State
in Europe, the Duchies of Schleswig and Holstein.
This has been the progress of Prussia during little
more than a century. From 3,000,000 of inhabi-
tants her population has become 18,000,000, and
will reach 21,000,000. This, however, did not pre-
vent William I. from replying to the Municipality
of Breslau, "May the royal word convince you that
it is not with an ambitious view, but the duty of
Prussia which may lead the King to call his people
to arms."

Among the projects of law just presented to the
Senate is one for allowing a supplementary credit
of 1,900,000 f. for the Ministry of Marine, and
another for the supplementary credit of 52,157 f. for
public education.

The following is the result of the first day's
races at Angers : —Prix Departmental, 2,000 f. :
Pauline, 1; Novateur, 2. Prix Imperial, 4,000 f. :
Gontran, 1 ; Berthe, 2. First Biennial Prize, 1866-
67, 2,000 f.: Penleven, 1 ; Westward Ho, 2. Prize
given by the town of Angers (handicap), 2,500 f. :
Rochefort, 1 ; Mevedes, 2. Cruise de Haies, Hedge
Race (handicap) : Pronostu, 1; Lansquenet, 2 ;
Fontain, 3.
Batty, the lion tamer, has had another narrow
escape with his life, and this time the injuries he
received are rather serious. On Monday evening,
when he entered the den, the animals seemed rather
more excited than usual—it is supposed from the
effects of the stormy atmosphere. Batty, to please
the spectators, excited the animals still more by
striking them with a whip. The lioness sprung
upon him, tore his face with her claws, and also
tore off a piece of his dress from the shoulder.
Batty was thrown down, and the lioness seized his
arm and dragged him to the other end of the den.
This terrible sight produced alarm, and many of
the ladies rushed to the door. Batty, however, ex-
tricated himself, and although the blood was per-
ceptible and his tunic torn, he preserved his coolness
and compelled the animals to recede from him.
This courage is worthy of a better cause. As it is
the spectacle is certainly a dangerous one. When
he came out of the den he was congratulated cor-
dially. His injuries are not alarming.
The circular railway round Paris is finished, and
locomotives can now traverse the whole distance,
40 kilometres (a kilometre is 1,000 metres). The
last portion was between Grenelle and the beautiful
new viaduct at the Point du Jour of Auteuil, and
this is completed. This railway will add materially
to the interesting features of Paris, and it will also
prove of great convenience, particularly during the
Exhibition. The term for the formal opening is
not yet fixed.

Rather a clever trick has been practised upon the
proprietor of a hotel in the Rue Jacob. A gentle-
manly young man stopped there five days, and ran
up a tolerable bill, for he lived well, and washed
down his repasts with abundance of expensive wine.
At the end of the fifth day he took the proprietor
aside, and said he must return to Paris, but having
been disappointed in the receipt of money he would
leave his watch, and in order to show that it was
good security they both went to a jeweller, who
said that the watch was worth 250 f. The guest
gave the watch to the landlord, but said he would
keep the chain, as then no one would perceive the
temporary absence of the watch. The landlord was
satisfied, and the young man departed. Some days
afterwards he received a telegram,
signed " The
young man with the watch," telling him that he
knight sell it, pay his bill, and give the rest to the
waiter. On taking the watch to the same watch-
maker, it was discovered that the young man had
lin a second contrived to substitute for the gold
watch, which the jeweller had valued at 250 f., a

metal gilt watch, exactly similar in appearance, but
worth only 12f.
The construction of a railway from Armentieres
to the Belgian frontier has been declared of public
utility, and it will shortly be commenced.

The workmen employed in removing the frag-
ments and rubbish at the private manufactory of
M. Auben, at La Villette, have found the remains
of the infant, nearly carbonised, to which the poor
woman named Lacroix gave birth at the moment
of the explosion, as I have already mentioned. A
subscription has been commenced to relieve the rela-
tives of the victims ; and to-night, the 260th anni-
versary of the birth of Corneille, a benefit in their
behalf is be given at the Theatre Francais.
M. and Madame Gallot, residing at Vaugirard,
have just died at a very advanced age. The hus-
band was 105 years and four mcnths, and the wife,
who died two days afterwards, was 105 years and
one month old. They both possessed their intellec-
tual faculties to the last, and but a few days ago
they were at the market making their purchases.
The Emperor had for several years allowed them a
pension of 600 f. per annum from his private funds.
M. Gallot, who does not leave any children, entered
the service as a dragoon in the reign of Louis XVI.
By order of the Viceroy of Egypt the antiquities
of the Museum of Boulacq are to be sent to Paris
for the Exhibition. They will be exhibited in a
special locality to be called the Egyptian Bazaar.
Fifty Egyptians, in national costume, will accom-
pany these interesting antiquities.

LATEST INTELLIGENCE.

(REUTER'S TELEGRAMS.)

THE WAR CRISIS.

MUNICH, June 7.

The Committee of the Chamber of Deputies on
the address in reply to the speech from the throne
has made its report. It proposes that the Cham-
ber should uphold a close union of the Middle States
and a popular national representation as the point
of departure for a German Parliament.

VENICE, June 6.

A meeting of the Municipal Council has been
called for to-morrow to discuss measures for pro-
viding means of subsistence for the poor of Venice
in case the city should be blockaded.

TlAmeuna, June 7.

The Prussian Ministry at this city has lodged
an attachment upon all funds deposited by the
Holstein Government in the Norddeutsche and
other Hamburg Banks.

MADRID, June 7th.

Spain and Portugal have agreed to act in com-
mon for the defence of their neutrality in the event

of an European war.

FLORENCE, June 7.

The King will arrive here this evening.
The Chamber of Deputies has voted the financial
bills of the Government by 145 to 40 votes.
A correspondence has been published here be-
tween Gen. Turr and the Deputy Machi. The former
alludes in his letter to the intentions of the Italian
patriots to invade Dalmatia in case of war. Signor
Machi replied that the Italians desired war only for
the sake of liberating Italian provinces, but would
respect the rights of other peoples.

AMERICA.
ARRIVAL OF THE BAVARIA.
SOUTHAMPTON, JUNE 7.

The Hamburg and American Co.'s steamer,
Bavaria, from New York on the 2Gth May, arrived
off the Needles at 12.35 p.m. to-day.