The Sun.
London, England, 1866-07-27 00:00:00

THE SUN, LONDON, FRIDAY EVENING, JULY 27, 1860,

The Prussian levies on Frankfort were alluded
to in the House last night, and Mr. GOSCHEN asked
the Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs whether
any official communication had been received rela-
tive to the demands made by the Prussian authorities
on that city ? Lord STANLEY was of opinion that
a demand such as bad been alluded to had been
made. In reply to the question by Mr. OTwAY, as
to whether her MAJESTY'S Government would arbi-
trate in this matter, the noble lord stated that there
had been no demand made for arbitration, and
therefore we had no locus standi, since the question
was one between the German population and the
German Governments. As to the threats used, one
was that, in the event of non-compliance, the town
would be bombarded, and the noble lord said that it
did appear from the information received that such
language had really been used, but the Prussian
Government most distinctly disclaims that such was
authorised by them, and therefore we may conclude
that the higher authorities did not desire such a
manifestation to be made. The noble lord sent to
inquire what protection would be afforded to British
residents in the event of very strong measures being
taken against the town, and the replies that he re-
ceived were most satisfactory. This is so far reassur-
ing, as the Berlin authorities would think it too.
much for them to trifle with the English in such an'
important respect ; but it certainly shows what an
opinion is entertained of their principles that it
should have been supposed likely that they would
commit such an act. At any rate, now they should
recall the General who made use of such threats,
and thus vindicate their character in some degree.
It appears that the Prussians will find their match
in the citizens of Frankfort. The commercial com-
munity are showing themselves quite competent to
deal with the intruders and withstand their en-
croachments. The Prussians have ordered a list to
be drawn up of the members of the Senate and other
municipal bodies, together with a statement of their '
landed and movable property. The bankers have
. _ _

It will afford general satisfaction to the public to
learn that the Atlantic Telegraph is all but com-
pleted ; the intelligence of its being safely landed on
the shores of Newfoundland will indeed be a
triumphal declaration, more especially after the
many drawbacks and disappointments it has met
with on previous occasions. The greatest credit is
due to those who have persevered in this arduous
undertaking, and, deapite all discouragements, have
gone on in their endeavour to establish a communi-
tion between the old and new worlds. Mr. GLASS,
the managing director of the Company, has been
most assiduous in his application, and to his exer-
tions much of the success of this last undertaking
is attributable. In expectation of the completion
of the affair a great entertainment has been planned
at Foilhommerhum. As soon as the present work
is completed it will be sought to recover the end
of last year's cable, and the most ingenious arrange-
ments have been made for that purpose. If all
goes on well, as there is reason to believe, the
communication between New York and London
' will be complete in a few hours, and the people
of both hemispheres may well congratulate
themselves upon the success of so very im-
portant an undertaking. This communication
between England and America may well be re-
garded as one of the most striking accomplishments
of modern science, and it ought to be appreciated,
for it will connect in closer unison the leading com-
munities of the world, and be an incentive to pro-
gress, and a stimulus to industry. It will in every
respect be matter of rejoicing when this grand un-
dertaking is successfully completed, and the commu-
nication fairly established between the distant shores
of America and Ireland. It is one of those works
which to all ages are landmarks of human skill and
enterprise,and speak favourablyof a nation'sprogress.

held a meeting, at which it was declared that if such
violence were resorted to, they would suspend pay-
ment in Germany and abroad. This will, of
course, occasion a great deal of distress, and
the Prussians themselves will suffer from it.
The Pussians residing in Frankfort have sent a
deputation to the Prussian Commissioner, to plead
the cause of Frankfort. The fact is that the Prus-
sians, in one way or another, are over-reaching
themselves in their conduct at Frankfort ; and
they will find their mistake, for the citizens of that
place are not to be put down and trampled upon,
like those of some of the smaller States, with im-
punity.
The Official Gazette, of Berlin, pub- 1
lishes an article in which the course pursued
by Prussia towards Frankfort is justified. It is
done so after a fashion entirely Prussian, for
no legality is pretended, but the spirit of 1

vengeance and vindictiveness breathes throughout

its sentences. We are told the reasons for the
persecution that has been instituted in that city :
"The systematic hostility shown towards Prussia
by the Government of Frankfort, the toleration by
the latter of articles in the Frankfort press insulting
to the King of PRUSSIA, the violation of treaties,
the damage done to Prussian property, and Frank-
fort's participation in the war carried on by the
Austrian coalition against Prussia." We have been
repeatedly assured that Prussia's only object in this
war was to renovate and improve the condition of
Germany, but the secret now creeps out that
she intends to revenge her own injuries, real and
imaginary. Frankfort is to be doomed first, and
will doubtless have many successors in misfortune

if the BISMARCK policy is to be carried out. We
are glad that the inhabitants prove themselves
worthy denizens of their " free city," and make
a stand against the tyrannical oppression to which
they are subjected. It has always seemed suspi-
cious that the Prussians will not consent to an
armistice with the Federal forces ; and if we are
to form an estimate of their intentions from
their conduct with Frankfort, it bodes ill in-
deed for those States which have offended against
the majesty of the Berlin Government. The un-
fortunate burgomaster's death is now explained :
he hanged himself in despair at the manner in

which the Prussians treated him, and their harsh

conduct towards the city. We do not suppose for
a moment that the untimely fate of Burgomaster
FELLER will affect the Prussian authorities either at
Frankfort or at Berlin, but it shows to what an ex-

:ent their ruthless persecution goes, and how hope-

Less people consider affairs when they assume their

management and control.

It seems by the intelligence brought by the Cuba
that President JOHNSON has again exercised the pri-
vilege of the veto against the Freedmen's Bureau Bill
on the same grounds on which he refused to affix
his signature to the Bill of the same character
last spring The Congress, however, manifests the
same
oibstinacy in the matter as it did then, and
the Radicals arc apparently determined to make
the most of their majority while they have it.
Both Houses have passed the Bill over the veto
in defiance of the President, so that experience
has not made them any wiser or more
moderate. The
.arguments which Mr. Joux-
SON brought forward appeared to most unpre-
judiced persons conclusive ; and, in fact,
throughout the States themselves there is a very
strong sense of the disadvantages of the Bureau,
and there is no question that its influence among
the blacks themselves has been often mischievous.
They are only too ready to believe that it is the duty
of the State to feed, clothe, and house them, and

their constitutional indolence makes the idea very
agreeable. But it is no by fostering this
love of dependence that the negro can be
raised to a higher level. Ile has been treated
as a child too long ; let him now be taught
gradually but surely to depend upon himself. For
a long time to come it will be the duty of the State
to watch over his interests and to afford him pro-
tection and encouragement, but it should be with the
view of helping him to help himself—not to con-
tinue a system which must inevitably tend to
keep
him down and degrade him. All these questions will
be more hilly and fairly discussed when the South
has a voice in the representation ; and that day is,
we hope, not far distant. The Radicals, indeed,
are growing no wiser, and the animosity between
them and the FEESIDENT'S supporters is said to be ,

quences from the meeting on Primrose-hill, suppos- daily increasing. In the Cabinet there have been,
ing it should take place, but we hope that the as we know, changes which will strengthen rather
disasters of the last few days, which all sides agree than weaken the power of the PRESIDENT. Attor-
to deplore, will impress upon the minds of all ney-General SPEED, known for bis vindictive hos-
Reformers of the unenfrauchised classes the very tility to the South, has resigned office, and the
sensible advice given yesterday by Mr. KNox to resignations of Messrs. STANTON and HARLAND are
one of the few really working men brought before anticipated, though nothing definite is known.
him for taking part in the riotous proceedings-- When Mr. JOHNSON finds unanimous support from
"If you want to have a share in making the laws his own immediate colleagues, he will be in a better
begin by obeyingthem." Our magistrates have acted position to deal with a refractory Congress. Mr.
as they usually do, with judgment and fairness, and SEWARD, with his usual political sagacity, supports
on no side has there been any disposition shown to the PRESIDENT, and has written a letter approving
mistrust or to malign the people. The only jujus- the Philadelphia National Convention, which he
tice of which our working men have reason to corn- styles " a patriotic effort to induce Congress to
plain is, that, by the mismanagement of their self- admit the Southern representatives ;" adding that
appointed leaders, their names should have been in such admission can alone complete the restoration
any way associated with a movement whose riotous of the Union.
and illegal nature is entirely foreign to their opinions The strong Protectionist feeling in the States has
and sentiments. been gratified by the tax on cotton fixed•at 3 cents
per lb., which forms part of the Inland Revenue
Bill, to take effect in September next. This will
be good news for India, though otherwise unsatis-
factory. The Americans have still a good deal to
learn in commercial policy.

cipal islands of Dalmatia, and the most important
of them in a strategic point- of view.
The usual annual service for the repose of the
soul of his Majesty King Louis, father of the pre-
sent Emperor, took place yesterday in the church of
Napoleon St. Leu, in the department of the Seine
at Oise. Marshal Vaillant, Minister of the Empe-
ror's Household, and of the Fine Arts, and various
local and municipal authorities were present. The
military service was performed by a detachment of
old soldiers of the first Empire and the company of
Sapeurs Pompiers of Napoleon St. Leu.

There is a regular and uninterrupted increase in
the population of Rome, as appears by the new
census. In 1856 it amounted to 178,798 souls. In
1865 it was 207,338. Since that period there has
been an augmentation of about 3,000. The reli-
gious bodies are thus composed :--Cardinals, 30 ;
bishops, 36 ; priests and clerks, 1,476 ; semi-
naristes, 834. Total, 2,376. Male professors of
religion, 2,833 ; female (Religieuses), 2,169. Total,
5,002. There is thus an ecclesiastical and monas-
tical population of both sexes at Rome, amounting
to 7,378 persons.

LATEST INTEL LIGENOE.

(REUTER'S TELEGRAMS.)

The Lille Exhibition of Fine Arts has just been
inaugurated by the Count de Niewarkerke, Super-
intendent of Fine Arts and the Prefect of the De-
partment du Nord. The number of works in the
catalogue is 1,566.

The elephant, it appears, has a very acute sense
of smell, of which rather an alarming proof was
given the other day at the Garden of Plants. A
lady who was looking at it had a very beautiful
bouquet in her hand, and when she left the animal
contrived to pass his barrier and followed her. She
retreated rapidly, but he soon overtook her and put
out his trunk towards her, upon which she presented
the nosegay to him. The elephant immediately put
it to his mouth, and evidently enjoyed the perfume.
He then gave it back to the lady with his trunk
with as much politeness as it was possible for an
elephant to command. The bouquet was chiefly com-
posed of the orange flower, and naturalists say that
the elephant delights in this flower more than
any other. In Japan an elephant has been known
to eat all the oranges from a tree, and even to de-
vour some of the branches.

PRUSSIA.

BERLIN, July 27.
A deputation. composed of Baron von Rothschild
and three Senators has arrived here from Frankfort,
and was received yesterday by the Minister Baron
von der Heydt and Count Eulenburg. The mem-
bers of the deputation also had a long conference
with Baron Werther and Herr von Savigny.

SPAIN.

MADRID, July 27

A Royal decree has been published ordering the
adoption of energetic measures against officers
giving their commissions to creditors as security
for debt.

AMERICA.
ARRIVAL OF TIIE CUBA.
(Via Crookhaven.)

Repairs and enlargement of the Imperial Library
in the Rue de Richelieu have been in progress for
two years. About two-thirds of these improve-
ments are now completed. The library contains
four million volumes, many valuable manuscripts,
engravings, and medals. The average addition of
volumes each year is 40,000.
The Epoque in an article about Prussia says :
" In spite of oneself it is not possible to see without
pleasure the annoyance of certain journals at the
conduct of the Prussians at Frankfort. They ex-
cuse, they extenuate their conduct as much as they
can, but they find it impossible to approve of it enti-
tirely. They therefore are reduced to the necessity
of giving some severe advice to their ally, General
Alanteuff el."

NEW YORK, July 17, Evening.
President Johnson has vetoed the Freedmen's
Bureau Bill upon the same grounds on which he
vetoed a similar bill in February last. Both Houses
of Congress passed yesterday the bill over the Pre-
sident's veto.

A•Republican Caucus has resolved that it is ex-
pedient that Congress should adjourn on the 23d
inst.

Attorney-General Speed has resigned office.
Nothing definite has transpired concerning the an-
ticipatedresignation of Messrs.Stauton and Harland.
Secretary Seward has written a letter approving
the Philadelphia National Convention, which he
regards as a patriotic effort to induce Congress to
admit the Southern representatives, which admis-
sion can alone complete the restoration of the
Union.

President Johnson has signed the Internal
Revenue Bill, which takes effect in September next.
The tax on cotton is fixed at three cents per lb.
Head Centre Stephens has been committed to
Boston gaol for a debt of $4,000. He has since
been released on bail. •

Intelligence from Matamoras, dated the 2d July,
states that General Carvagal has demanded of Fe-
deral General Getty the surrender of the French
financial agent. The latter had crossed the Rio
Grande at the time of the capture of Matamoras,
with the customs archives in his possession. The
matter has been referred to Washington.
The America, Nova Scotian, and Periere have
arrived out.

NEW YORK, July 19, Evening.
The political animosity between the Radicals and
the President's supporters is daily increasing.
The house has passed the joint motion to adjourn
on the 25th inst.

The New York Times says :—" The bill for the
annexation of the British provinces was introduced
by General Banks on his own responsibility, and
was not acted upon or reported by the committee
for foreign affairs. No importance attaches to it."
The Edinburgh has arrived at New York and the
Africa at Halifax.
COMMERCIAL INTELLIGENCE.

NEW YORK, July 19, Evening.—Money abun-
dant—Gold, 1501. Exchange on London, 1651 ;
on Paris, 3.40. Stocks firm and active—New York
Centrals, 1041; Illinois, 124 ; Erie, 65f ; Five-
twenty United States Bonds, 107. Cotton steady
—Midland Upland, 36c. Flour declining. Wheat
dull. Corn steady. Provisions dull. Coffee
slightly firmer. Molasses and sugar steady. Pe-
troleum slightly firmer—crude, 23c. ; refined, 39c.
NEW ORLEANS, July 16.—Cotton, low to mid-
dling, 32 34.