The Sun.
London, England, 1859-01-14 00:00:00

Commence at Seven,

ROYAL I*RINCESS'S THEATRE.
Under the Manag-ement of Mr. Charles Kean.
THIS EVENING, MUCH ADO ABOUT NOTHING.
Mr. and Mrs. C. Kean.
After which, a new zrand Christmas Pantomime, entitled
Tle KING- OF TII E CASTLE ; or, Harlequin Prince
Diamond and Princess Brighteyes.

rrEATRE-ROYAL, HAYMARKET.
Lessee, Mr. J. B. Buckstone.
THIS EVENING will be presented THE LOVE CHASE.
Messrs. Chippendale, W. Farren, Rogers, Clark; Miss Amy
Sedg-wick and Mrs. E. Fitzwilliam.
• After which, a new grand Comic Pantomime, entitled
UN DINE ; or, Harlequin and the Spirit of the Waters.
Commence at 7.

ROYAL LYCEUM THEATRE.
Manager, Mr. Edmund Falconer.
THIS EVENING the new Drama, entitled MARION DE
LORME ; or, The Cradle of Steam : Madame Celeste, Mr.
Vandenhoff, Mr, Emery, Mr. Falconer, &C.
After which, will be produced the new Burlesque, written
expressly for the Lyceum Company by Robert B. Brough,
and entitled THE SIEGE OF TIIOY. The principal cha-
racters by Mrs. Keeley, Miss Julia St. George, Mrs. Weston,
Miss Portman, Miss Talbot, Miss Kate Saxon, Miss E.Romer,
; Mr. Emery, Mr. Charles Young, Mr. Ellerton Mr. Saar .1.
M.
Rogers, Mr. Barrett, &c. ; Miss Rosina Wright, M
Charles, Miss Harriet Dalton, &c.
To conclude with the new COMIC Pantomime, replete with
new tricks and mechanical devices, entitled HARLEQUIN
TOY HORSE ; or, The Cremorne Fete. Clown, Mr
Mr. Charles
Lauri ; Harlequin, Mr. John Lauri ; Pantaloon, Henry
Lauri ; Columbine, Miss Jenny Lauri.
Reduced Prices—Dress Boxes, 4s. ; Upper Boxes, 3s. ; Pit,
2s. ; Stalls, 55. ; Gallery, ls.
Box-office open from 11 to 5 daily. Doors open at halt-past
6, to commence at 7 every evening.

NEW THEATRE - ROYAL, ADELPHL
Sole Proprietor and Manager, Mr. Benj. Webster.
THIS
REQUESTED EVENINGAT, MR. WEBSTER'S COMPANY IS
A PHOTOGRAPHIC SOIREE.
Manager, Mr. B. Webster; Photographer, Mr. J. L. Toole;
Memory, Miss Woolgar ; Everybody, by Everybody else.
After which, GOOD FOR NOTHING. Messrr. J. L. Toole.
Eburne, and Miss Woolgar.
Followed by THE BIRTHPLACE OF PODGERS. Mr.
J. L. Toole, Mr. C. Selby, Mr. Billington ; Miss Kelly, Mrs.
Chatterley.
To conclude with the grand Christmas Pantomime, entitled
MOTHER RED CAP; or, Harlequin Johnny Gilpin's Ride
to Edmonton. Clown, Mr. Croueste ; Harlequin, Mr. Hilde-
brand ; Columbine, Miss Hayman ; Pantaloon, Mr. Lupino ;
Sprite, Mr. Le Barr.

ROYAL STRAND THEATRE.
Lessee and Directress, Miss Swanborough.
THIS EVENING, THE RULE OF THREE.
Atter which, the new Extravaganza, KENILWORTH ; or
Ye Queene. ye Earle, and ye Maydenne.
And THE LITTLE SAVAGE
Commence at 7 o'clock.

ASTLEY'S ROYAL AMPHITHEATRE,
Westminster-road.
Lessee and Manager Mr. William Cooke.
Immense Success of the new Pantomime.
Dress Circle, 4s. ; Boxes, 35.; Pit, 2s, ; Gallery, lso ; Upper
Gallery, 6d.
During the week, the great Eastern Spectacle of THE
REVOLT IN INDIA; or, The Fugitives and their Faith-
ful Steed.
After which SCENES IN THE CIRCLE by the Star
Riders of Europe.
To conclude with the great Operatic and Burlesque Eques-
trian Pantomime, entitled HARLEQUIN BARON MUN-
C lIAUSEN, AND HIS COMICAL CREAM COB
CRUISER. Baron Munchausen, Mr. W. Anson; Harlequin,
Mr. H. Hemmings ; Pantaloon, Herr Cole; Clown, Mr. A.
F. Forrest; Columbine, Miss Julia Weston. The grand
Transformation Scene, introducing Mr. W. Cooke's beautiful
and highly-trained palfries, pronounced unpreeedentedly
magnificent. The new scenery, including the matchless re-
presentation of the "New Palace of the People, at Muswell
Hill," perfect gems of art.

Stage Manager, Mr. R. Phillips.

A Morning Performance of the renowned Pantomime every
Saturday, at Two o'clock.
Carriages for day performances at half-past four, and for
night representation at half-past eleven,

CANTERBURY HALL, Westminster-road.—
Proprietor --C. MORTON.
The public is most respectfully informed that the FrNE
ARTS GALLERY, in connection with the above Hall, IS NOW
OPEN DAT AND NIGHT, from 11 o'clock a.m. until 12
o'clock p.m. The New Gallery contains an extensive Collec-
tion of Pictures, by Ancient and Modern Masters and is also
devoted to Art productions generally. The Proprietor feels
he may confidently assert that, viewed altogether, the exist-
ing Music Hall, the New Fine Arts Gallery, and the recently
added Ante-Hall, will present an attraction which, whether
as regards the architectural beauty of the structures them-
selves, or the varied and hitherto unattempted combinations
within, will be found to be wholly without parallel in the
Kingdom.
The MusrcAL ENTERTAINMENT commences as usual at
Seven o'clock.
In addition to the usual entertainment, the SAUVLET
FAMILY, of Amsterdam, Eight in number, whose varied
instrumental performances have created so marked a sensa-
tion in the principal cities and towns of the Continent, will
perform every Evening at Nine and Eleven o'clock.

THE WEATHER.-SUN OFFICE, JAN. 14.

THERMOMETER, IN THE SHADE.

46—highest since noon yesterday.
42—lowest this morning and during the night.
46—this day at noon.

BAROMETER-30.48.
WIND, Northerly in the morning, now S.W. ; HOT
Heavy fog all the morning—now clearing up.

THE SUN.

FRIDAY. JANUARY 14, 1859.

Hitherto " Whiggery. ," as Lord PANMURE desig-
nates it, has been either silent, or, for its own in-
terests, worse than silent. It has spoken chiefly
through the House of Peers, although the subject
is House of Commons Reform. And, so far as we
know the mind of the " obsolete Oligarchy"
through this channel, we only know that it dreads
Conservative Reform, fears, lest it should open re-
presentation too freely to the people, and proclaims
itself the barrier at which the dangerous waves of
democracy shall be stayed. The Whig Lord Chief-
Justice at Fishmongers' Hall began to raise this
voice of Whig warning to Conservatives ; and the
ex-Secretary-at-War, Lord PANMURE, has just fol-
lowed, using also the occasion of a feast. Lord
PANMURE, like his predecessor, is not very explicit
as to what he will oppose, yet what he fears and
will resist, if he dare, is pretty obvious. He thinks
it time to pause in the road to Reform when he
sees proposals to " give the supremacy to one class,
and so destroy our mixed constitution." He espe-
cially denounces "all secret transactions, whether in
voting or legislating." And, like another Noble
Lord in the Lower House, he enumerates all the
great things accomplished since the first Reform Bill,
and beseeches us never to depart from the principles
of that heaven-born measure. The country does
not, we may tell Lord PANMURE, wish to depart
from those principles ; but—and let him mark it—

the country asks to have the principles carried out
for the sake of which it frightened the Aristocracy
into conceding it, not the principles from which the
Whig clique proposed it. The latter only intended
to create a predominant Whig constituency, and to
give their party a life interest in office. The coun-
try intended to have a full, fair, and free represen-
tation of its wishes. It was almost shocked, when,
so soon after it had passed, the great Whig leader,
" in his place in the House of Commons," declared
the measure final, and asserted that it was the
direct intention of the Bill to give the landed inte-
rest the ascendancy in the House of Commons.
Lord PANMURE gives us a pretty little antithetic
description of the "old Whig principles." Premis-
ing CHARLES JAMES Fox, "whose name ho bears,
was, by life, conversation, speeches, and character,
his teacher," ha adds, " The principles of Whiggery
are these :—To maintain the liberties of the people
against the encroachments of the Aristocracy and
Crown." But there is a reverse. " Whig princi-
ples stop at a certain point, and then turn ; and while
maintaining the just rights of the people, they are
equally prepared to defend the righteof the Crown
and the Aristocracy from undue encroachment on the
part of the people." We do not know that we have
ever seen the distinctive characteristic of Whig Aris-
tocracybetter described than in the words we have
italicised. The Whigs are as hearty Aristocrats as
the Tories. Their principles, however, are popular to
a certain extent—the extent which, as Lord JOHN
RUSSELL said, shall leave the " predominance to
the landed interest." Once let that Divine Right
of the Few to predominate over the Many be at
all endangered, and Whig principles not only stop,

but turn. Once let the many, for -whom all 'Govern-
ment exists, but predominate in tile workin g of the
Government, and Whiggery joins Toryism against
the people. " The nation," said. Mr. BRIGHT,

" dwells not in the palace, but the cottage."
Whiggery dwells not in the cottage, but in the
palace, and cares for the cottage only so long as

serves to furnish the palace.

This, then, is Whiggery. It extols to the skies
the bill which was to confer perpetual " supre-
macy " on itself, the bill which was to give
" supremacy " to the Whig land. .2d interests, and
then " pauses," no doubt with unfeigned horror,
at proposals to " give the supremacy " to an-
other class. All very natural this may be, but the
country does not understand the title of Whig
landlords to supremacy. In its un enli,ghteneel
common sense, it imagines that Government
should not only be for the people, which is in-
deed the professed creed of all modern der3potf,,
but by and through the people. Ili other words,

we the people of England," however ridiculed as
pretenders by Ministers and Chief Justice s, have a
strong opinion that the more direct our inspection
of our own concerns the better. The less of absen-
teeism on the part of the people, the better the agents
they select will be, and the better those agents will
attend to their business. And as to any class
among the people itself becoming pre dominant,
there is:no class which could or -would combine to be
so. The lowest suffrage proposed by working radicals
is household suffrage; a rating suffrage,which is con-
siderably less extensive, is the one selected by the
present popular champion ; but we believe that
neither of these would, if the voting were made in-
dependent, give to the numerically -most numerous
class practical power over all the rest. The humble
voters are 'as divided in opinion as those above
them. Not only are they divided in opinion, but
in status. Between the agricultural labourer,
starving on 7s. or Os., to the skilled artizan who gets
£l, £2, or £3 a week, there are as many classes as
there are from the decent shopkeeper or clerk on
a hundred a year, upwards. We believe that the
fancy of the working classes, in all their various
grades, combining against the middle classes and
the aristocracy, is about as absurd a bugbear as the
" immoral effects of the Ballot."
Of course Lord PANMURE hates secrecy. We
only know that if, even under his unimpeachable
management of the War-office, secrecy were not the
rule, and accidental escapades of the DOWBS to public
knowledge, the exception, that office would soon be
convicted of wanton waste, incompetency, and delay
of public business. It has been indeed convicted
of a small part of its offences ; but the secrecy under
which a wasteful incompetency administers our
home business, and diplomacy transacts our foreign
business, proves that it is not secrecy, but secrecy
when it gives independent power to the people that
is the real object of dread. Would that we dare tell
one-tenth of what is told us in confidence of the
secret doings of lords who are very solemn and
sanctimonious about a secret vote. They find that
secrecy makes them independent—independent of
the people. At Stroud, Mr. HORS3IAN, who has
voted for the Ballot, remarked that nothing more
could be said on it; but he certainly appeared
rather to disparage it by denouncing its working
with universal suffrage in France and America.
Mr. HORSMAN should be something more than a
Whig, but his address to his constituents did not
appear to be satisfactory. They behaved, however,
very politely to him,, coupling with a "vote of con-
fidence " an instruction to their member, that " no
Reform Bill would be satisfactory which did not
include a £lO household franchise for counties,
equalisation of districts, and the ballot." Somehow
all the meetings at present go one way. We do
long to see a good public meeting got up by the
Whigs, or by some one, that would test the
feeling against the Ballot.

The Proclamation convening Parliament for
Thursday, the 3d of February, re-awakens the
political ardour of the country like the sound of
the reveille over a sleeping encampment. What-
ever may be implied this time, by her MAJESTY
and her Ministers, in the customary phrase com-
manding Parliament to " assemble and be holden
for the despatch of divers urgent and important
affairs"—there can be little doubt atthe present time
that more is shrouded under that phrase than in
ordinary circumstances. The tranquillity of Europe,
no doubt, still remains undisturbed. But the pulse
of the nations beats so intermittingly, as shown in
the late extraordinary variations in the Public
Funds, that it is perfectly obvious that, in the
commercial world at least, that tranquillity is re-
garded as—to say the least of it—somewhat pre-
carious. Nor can this for a single moment be
deemed in any way remarkable, when we look,
however cursorily, to the disturbing influences
perceptible on every hand—influences perpetually
putting what is not inaptly called the Balance of
Power in a state of oscillation.

Consider for a moment that, upon the European
continent, within the boundaries of merely two of
the Great States, there are virtually, if not actually,
in readiness, fully equipped, admirably disciplined,
ready for battle at any moment, one million of
armed men. For it is no way an exaggeration to
estimate the French army and the Austrian army
each of them at an aggregate of 500,000. Recol-
lect that the military ardour of France is left at
this moment without any opponent—certainly
without any adequate outlet—Algeria being by
this time, to all intents and purposes, brought
under complete subjection. Remember, on the
other hand, that the warlike energies of Austria
are perpetually upon the strain to keep well within
the grasp of the Viennese Government the motley
and incongruous nationalitieS constituting the sum
total of the empire of the Kaiser. And bearing
well in mind the anomalous position occupied thus
by the two great military empires of the European
continent—glance for a moment, no matter how
cursorily, beyond the frontiers of both, at some of
the leading signs of the times making up the
actual " situation." There are the long dormant
hopes of Italy to be realised. There is the Roman
difficulty to be arranged. There are visible still,
along the western borders of Russia, the indications
of the old cherished day-dream of a Sclavonic Con-
federation. Lombardy is more than ever ripe
for revolt. Servia is not far from a demonstra-
tion—ready at an instant to burst into a
flame from one extremity to another. Piedmont
has yet to avenge Novara. Russia is still nursing
the wrath against Austria inspired by the heinous
" ingratitude " threatened in 1849 by Schwartzen-
burg, and signalized in 1855 by the denial of co-
operation to the Muscovite arms beleaguered within
the fortifications of Sebastopol. Hungary is burn-
ing eagerly for the next, and this time more fortu-
nate, signal for her emancipation. Greece is agi-
tated with the secret hope of so far extending the
limits of her dominions as to embrace within them
the septinsular dependency of England in the
Levant—the often-coveted lonian Archipelago.
Spain, at the very moment when her sufficiently
restricted warlike resources have been drained away
to the opposite extremity of the eastern hemisphere
in the joint expedition with France upon the sea-
board of Cochin China, is threatened with a forci-
ble seizure of Cuba by the United States, now that

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