The Sun.
London, England, 1835-12-14 00:00:00

DUBLIN-SATURDAY.

br.."LeThe faction which is beyond the law in this country, must be
and their spirit subdued, or no law, however good, can be
-"4.1 to operate usefully to the Government."—Dn. DOYLE.
SO many circumstances, illustrative of the above senti-
those
are daily occurring., as render it difficult to select
most entitled to the attention of sincere Reformers.
"_luee my last letter—communicating facts respecting the
ew anceuvres of the Orange faction, and those who make
_o
Minon cause with them, in the hope of again recovering
their lost ascendancy,—much new light has been thrown
suiPon the enemy's proceedings. Not to mention, however,
conspiracy entered into to prevent the Catholic Arch-
elsbop of Dublin from becoming a member of the Dublin
00 •
ctY, and other similar demonstrations of the spirit of
the party,
party, I shall confine myself to a few topics not yet
ticiently commented on, or exposed to public view, by
n newspapers of this country. And having very briefly
shown the objects in view, and the ends which the faction
1,
f°Pe to attain, by means of this new method of agitation,
them on
mention the unexpected effects already produced by
ti on the community, and the means adopted by a por-
uit of that community for converting them into certain re-
"bon in favour of Reform.
In the first place, many Orange and Tory landlords have
:Orribined and confederated together to defeat the law, by de-
stroying the rights of franchise on their estates, or limiting
it to those only of their 'own persuasion and politics. This
as being attempted in many parts of Ireland, but more par-
ticularly in the counties of Wexford and Carlow. The
Plan is to expel or eject the Catholic tenants, and sub-
stitute Protestants in their place, under the pretext that the
i°rlner are influenced by the priests in the disposal of their
votes for Members of Parliament ; while the latter will be
as tractable and subservient to the will of the landlord, as
Zeasts of the plough, or the lowliest villain of feudal times!
'my, to say nothing of the cruelty of the ouster, or ex-
pulsion system, is there not here manifested one of the
most flagrant acts of tyranny. and interference with that first
'af British rights—liberty of speech and action—which is
to be found in the history of modern Europe ? What ? Are
human beings, born to enjoy and participate in all the bless-
Ns of knowledge and civilization diffused over the world
la the nineteenth century, to be trained up in the habits of
the dark ages—having no more a will of their own than
4'7A subjected to barbarous despots ? It cannot be. Those
Protestant tenants who are now made the instruments of a
factious oppositiOn to the " spirit of the age," will soon
imbibe enough of that spirit to know the rights of British
subjects, and knowing, exercise them. But this is not
41°11C short-sighted policy ;it is injustice—it is refined
cruelty. In a country where the six-seventh of the popu-
lation, of those who cultivate the soil, and who may be
fairly said to be the natural ascriptitii solo, or persons des-
tined to dig, and delve, and till the ground ; in such a
cOuntry as Ireland, is it not wicked, cruel, and unjust to
dispossess the numerous Catholics for the few Protestants
Who may be found hardy and willing enough to become
the inheritors of that interest which an industrious Roman
Catholic hitherto believed to be his patrimony, however
scanty and precarious, as long as he punctually paid the
stipulated rent ? Since the days of Norman conquest, when
" Proud Nimrod first the bloody chase began,
A mighty hunter, and his prey was man,"
'lo' such causeless proscription or extermination of the
People has been attempted. But it may be imagined, that
besides exercising their franchise contrary to the will of the
landlord, some of these ejected tenants have been lazy, in-
dolent, and unwilling to pay a fair rent, or any rent—and
therefore have incurred the displeasure of their persecutors:
No such thing; the contrary I believe to be the fact in
very many instances. Having been myself, from certain
circumstances within my own knowledge, as mentioned in
a former letter, inclined to this opinion, I have made in-
quiry, in order to confirm.that opinion, to be enabled to
state the truth respecting one or two landlords, whom I
shall presently mention, and the result is as follows :—ln
the county of Wenford, where a great number of Catholics
are said to be removed for Protestants, a Mr. Phayre, an
absentee for the most part of the year, when no Grand
jury jobs, or other interesting political object is to be pro-
secuted, has refused to allow a respectable man, seventy
Years of age, to continue on a farm, on which he and his
family had been settled nearly a century—for no other
reason than because he is a Catholic This is a fact, be-
Yond all controversy, clearly demonstrative of the policy of
Phayre, and those who act for and with the Orange
Party. ' In the county of Carlow, Mr. Brewster, the Bar-
rister, has also ejected Catholic tenants, who offered to pay
double their old rents, and considerably more than a rack
rent for their holdings. I had regarded this as an impro-
bable story when first I heard it, believing Mr. Brewster to
be a man whose understanding and knowledge of the world
Must have pointed out to him the mischief and ultimate
impolicy of such a proceeding. But when self-love strongly
urges, reason cannot restrain. Mr. Brewster's self-love and
sympathy have been ideptified with Bruen, whose prin-
ciples and purse are equally liberal in the eyes of his pro-
fessional adviser. It is no wonder, therefore, that Mr.
Brewster, a Tory lawyer, should sacrifice a poor Catholic
tenant to a rich county member, and alle th palmy pros-
pects of the old ascendancy. The Beresfords, Alexander:,
Newtons, and Latouches of Carlow have not the same ra-
tional motive for the course they are pursuing. Theirs is,
Purely and abstractedly, the policy of that regime which has
been trying in vain, for centuries, to exterminate a nation.
\\Till they not be taught by experience, and the history of
Ireland, the fallacy, if not the danger, of such proceedings ?
Ireland and its people must be pacified, not destroyed.
This the present Government are disposed to effect ; and
uo other can pursue a different course. The people know
their rights, and will defend them, aided by the sympathy
of British fellow-subjects and intelligent statesmen. A
lteform Association, for the protection of the franchise, is
Preparing, conformably to the plan of that in England, and
will be publicly announced in a few days. Mr. William
e •nlurphy, one of the most independent of our citizens -in
Property and principles, is active in promoting the Dublin
branch of this national institution ; and there is no fear but
that the example will be followed throughout the country
frith spirit and determination.- Such are the first fruits of
,The tenantry-persecuting system ; and such the re-action
likely to be produced by the present confederacy and com-
bination of the Orange Tories!
Another source of hope and expectation to the faction
is likely to turn out equally beneficial to the people. Great
stress has been laid by the Orange speculators, for some
Weeks past, on the prospect of having the tithes paid this
Year, partly voluntarily, and partly by legal coercion.
There is a coincidence of circumstances at this moment,
favourable, on first view, to such a hope, but one that will
• turn out as fallacions as the ejecting system. In the first
Place, the universal confidence in the present Government
has so conciliated the minds of the great body of the people,
that even the abominable tithe persecution for payment
cannot induce them to violate the law. And secondly, the
operation of Stanley's Act is such as to bring about either
immediate payment by the landlord, or an Equity suit,
'which of course procrastinates, till some final adjustment er
abolition takes place. In the meantime, litigation will ex-
hibit the anomalous state of the law of tithes in this coun-
try, in more glaring colours than it has ever yet been
Painted. lam informed that it will appear by certain pro-
ceedings now pending in the Court of Exchequer, that the
-Right Hon. H. Goulburn, and not the late Doctor Doyle,
\vas the author of "passive resistance !" In the Rev. Pre-
late's notice of Goulburn's Act, written more than ten years
ugo, after predicting that it was the first step towards abo-
lition of tithes and ecclesiastical reform, he says—" For the
commencement of this Godly work we are indebted to the
Irish Government ; and though it were their only merit, it
should endear them to the people." But on looking into the
Act itself-4 Geo. IV., c. 99, s. 41—I find the following
Proviso, after stating in general how the tithe composition
Was in future to be deducted by the tenant from his rent—
' if " the occupier of any such land shall be one of the per-
-suasion of the people called Quakers, the receipt of any
Collector having collected or levied any such composition, or
any part thereof, and which receipt such collector is hereby
required to give in such case, whether it be demanded or
2104 shall express the whole sum paid or satisfied by such
lessee or occupier, including, in the case of levy, THE EX-
- I'ENsES OF SUCH LEVY ; and such receipt being produced
to such landlord, such landlord shall accept the same in
Payment (or shall suffer the amount thereof to be deducted
as in payment) of so much of the rent payable to him by
such lessee or occupier as shall be equal to the whole of
such sum," &c. Here we have one class of Dissenters
from the Established Church indemnified by Act of Parlia-
linent for " passive resistance" to the payment of tithes. If
a Quaker owes
,five pounds for tithes, and withholds the
Payment thereof until the collector, or person authorised
lo receive it, goes to the expense of 501. in effecting a
levy of the said five pounds, and then pays the 551., he
is not one penny worse for his " passive resistance ;" be-
cause the 55/. is so much rent paid by him ! ! Now the
Only difference between the Right Hon. H. Goulburn and
Doctor Doyle in this particular is, that the former passed
a law indemnifying one class of Dissenters for non-pay-
, Ment of tithes, while the latter said to another class of
bissenturs, " Imitate the conduct of the honest Quakers,
and no doubt the Legislatvre will in due time regard your
conscientious motives, and extend to you the benefit of a
recent Act ; but do not violate the law."

The Hon. John Duncan Bligh, late Charge d'Af-
faires at St. Petersburgh, and, now Sir Edward Disbrowe's
successor as Minister at Stockholm, returned to town yes-
terday from Brighton, where he went to have an, audience
of his Majesty on his return from the Russian Court:

Winter has at last made its appearance in earnest.
On Thursday there was a partial fall of snow, and at night
severe frost set in ; the thermometer, in a very ShOlteree
4ituation, falling to 27, being five degrees below the freez.
point.