The Sun.
London, England, 1835-11-10 00:00:00

communication which the SOVEREIGN has it in his
power to make. It is further stated that the visit of
King LEOPoLD and Queen to Paris, was made
without any regard to pOlitical considerations, or
State emergencies. We can readily believe this.
Kings; like their subjects, do many things, and say
many things, _ for which there is no occult cause.
Nothing is more natural than that the Queen of the
BELGIANS 'should' desire to visit her amiable and
most exemplary mother, the amen of the FRENCH;
and that at the same time she should seek to spend
• a few days in the bosdli of a family, celebrated through-
out Europe for the culture of every domestic virtue.
Her. Royal mother reared her as a womair, not as a
future Qucen ; and we should be surprised indeed if
we found her forgetful of the salutary lessons taught
her in infancy. The Duke DE BASSANO left Brus-
sels for Paris on Sunday morning.

Nem Brunswick Papers to the 11th October, were
this day received at the North and South American
Coffee-house. From St. Kitt's we have Papers to the
Bth ult. They give the particulars of the destructive
effects of the late gale, which are truly awful; as well
as the details of the losses which have.been laid
before the House. of Assembly, amounting to
71,075/. 12s. The ports of the island have been de-
clared open for three months, for the importation of
shingle and timber.
An address had been presented to his Excellency,
Major-General CAMPBELL, by the Magistrates of the
County of York, in the province of New Brunswick,
in consequence of the unfortunate occurrence that took
place during his Excellency's visit to the County of
:Westtnoreland; in which regret is expressed that so
great an indignity should have been offered to his per-
son, particularly by an individual in the commission
of the peace.

His Majesty's brig Serpent captured a slave vessel,
and carried her into the Havannah. She was a
Spanish schooner, having on board 394 slaves—crew,
31 men.

We learn from Bathurst that up to the 13th Sept.
not less than 114 vessels had cleared this season at
that port, taking 45,600 tons of pine timber, besides
broken stowage. Fifty more square-riLged vessels
were expected, and there was plenty of timber reach'
to supply them.

In resuming our observations on the condition of
the able-bodied poor in Ireland, we shall adopt the
order of the Commissioners in making out their Report,
as by this means we shall be less liable to pass over in
silence the more important details, either inadvertently,
or from some other cause short of positive neglect.
For this no apology is required ; nor shall we attempt
to offer any.

In the parish of Kilcreest, in, the county of Galway,
JOHN COY, a small farmer, told the Commissioners
that he could procure a regiment of labourers willing
and able to work, who were compelled to be idle more
than six months in the year. He himself would be
glad to work for sixpence a day, but there was no
person to employ him. This statement was confirmed
by ROBERT D'ARCY, Esq., a gentleman residing in
the parish. " There is not," said Mr. D'ARCY,
" general employment in this county during half the
year ; there is no employment given to labourers ex-
cept by some few gentlemen." The parish school-
master, PATRICK CASSIDY, stated that the general
food of the peasant was dry potatoes ; his greatest
luxury was a herring or a drop of milk, but though he
reared the pig, he was never allowed to taste the bacon.
Yet this parish, in which a regiment of labourers could
be had at sixpence a day, was better off than most of
those in its vicinity. It certainly puzzles us to know
in what way. The great bulk of the inhabitants are
half idle, and more than half starved. Mark the
evidence :

" They (the labourers) can see the cow come to the door,
but they cannot get the comfort of a bit of butter for three
months in the year."

" Many men, during last July, had to live on one
scanty meal in the twenty-four hours."
" The labourers are supported, during the slack season,
chiefly by the produce of the con-acre ; they pay 101. an
acre for it ; there is some to be had at 81., but there are
two chances to one that they must throw it up to the land-
lord, the crop may be so bad, and be content to lose their
time, seed, and labour."

" If they eat either the little pig or the butter, they
must go naked."

" They must keep the pig to pay for the con-acre.":
" When a man has no provisions, if he can procure 501-
vent security, he will get potatoes on credit by promising 0
pay 4d. a stone, when, if he had ready money, he could get
them lid. or 2d. a stone ; that is the way the poor of this -
place live."
" I have known the wives and children of unemployed
labourers to be obliged to beg for an entire month ; if they
had not done so they must either have stolen or starved."
" Many men go to England from this place. This year
about forty went to Leinster ; they go for the purpose of
earning something to bring to help them at home : the
night they return there may be halfsa dozen watching them,
each expecting to get a part of what is due to him, one for
con-acre, another for house rent, another for the price of
provisions_ given on credit, and so on."

_ ..,
" The greater portion of the people are always in debt ;
there is not one in twenty, who, if he paid his debts, would
have the price of his supper l"

Such is the condition of the labouring poor of this
di,trict ; and yet we are assured that they are bettir
off than the poor of the adjoining parishes. Hear the
evidence on this head :

" I think this parish is better off Alan the surrounding
parishes. The appearance of the outside of the houses in
the others be something better, but I think, if examined
closely, that, on the whole, this parish is best off."
" I think Kilcreest, relatively !peaking is not worse off
than any of the neighbouring parishes. I know this coun-
ty for thirty years."

Our next inquiry is, whether, this state of general
wretchedness is caused by the idlness or the crimes of
the labouring class themselves, and not by the neglect
of the landlords, fostered by the want of a good systerr
of Poor Laws. Again, we copy from the evidence :

I walked most part of Ireland, and I think -they are
prouder and higher spirited here than in any part that I
have been in, and more disinclined to beg."

" Every man here would rather half starve than go to

gaol."
6' They would be industrious if it was in their power ; if
you offered ten-pence a-day, you would get three hundred
me❑ ready to take it."
" I knew of many potato-pits being opened, and a stone,
or from that to three, taken out of them." * * * « I
believe the general quantity taken from the pit is from four
to six stones ; I am sure that nothing but sheer want would
cause them to do it. They often dig them out of the earth,
in small quantities, perhaps not more than a stone and a
half, and that at night, too, when I am conrinced that no-
thing short of starvation could drive them to it."
" Starvation does not cause disturbance or outrage ;
when a man is turned nut of his holding, and another put
in instead of him, revenge, and sickness of heart cause

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crime."
They may say, when in want, that they will rob and
steal, but they will not do it after."

This is the moral state of the parish, as represented
in the evidence ; and we can find nothing in it to deter
capitalists from investing money in public works, with
a view to enrich themselves, and give employment to
those able-bodied labourers who have no present means
of supporting themselves by their industry. A parish
in which three hundred full-grown, able-bodied la-
bourers could be had for ten-pence a-day, must be in
a state of deplorable wretchedness : and yet we are
told that those parishes which surround it are in a still
more miserable condition
We now
leave the parish of Kilereest, and accom-
CoMmissioners to the parish' of Killimore, in
panv the
the same county. Here the number of labourm, un-.
able to get three months' constant work in the year, at.
sixpence a-day, was, according to the evidenee of Mr.
EGAN, a nurseryman, from six to eight hundred