The Sun.
London, England, 1859-12-22 00:00:00

THE SUN, LONDON, THURSDAY EVENING, DECEINIBER 22, 1859.

GREAT WESTERN RAILWAY.
CHRISTMAS HOLIDAYS CHEAP EXCUR-
SIONS to the NORTH. On FRIDAY, December 23,
AN EXCURSION TRAIN will leave Padding-ton at
8 a.m. for OXFORD (Fares, Its and 5s Gd), Banbury
(14s and 6s 6d), Leamington and Warwick (18s and 8s),
Birmingham (20s and Os 6d), West Bromwich, Wednesbury,
and Bilston (21s 6d and 10m), Wolverhainpton (228 Cid and UM
Gd), Wellington and Shrewsbury (27s Gd and 13s), Chester
(33s and 15s), Birkenhead and Liverpool (37s and 17s) ; re-
turning on SATURDAY, December 31, from Liverpool
(lauding-stage), at 8.10 a.m., and intermediate stations as
per handbills.

CHRIS-TMAS HOLIDAYS.—
EXCURSIONS AT LOW FARES, via GREAT
WESTERN RAILWAY.—On FRIDAY, December 23d, and
TUESDAY, December 27th, an EXCURSION TRAIN will
leave Paddington at 8 a.m. for OXFORD !Fares, 6s 6d and
45.), Banbury (8s and ss), Leamington and Warwick (10s 6cl
and 6s), BirminAliam (12s and 7s), West Bronivtich, Wedues-
bury, and Bilston (128 6d and .7s 6d), Wolverhampton (13s
and Ss), Wellington and Shrewsbury (17s and 10s), Chester
(18s 6d and 118), Birkenhead and Liverpool (2 t s and 12s 6d),
returning on TUESDAY, December 27th, and SATURDAY,
December 31st from Liverpool (landing-stasze) at 8 10 a.m.,
and intermediate stations as per handbills.—N.B. Tickets
taken on the 23d will only be available for return on the 27th
December.

111 HE ECONOMIC LIFE ASSURANCE
SOCIETY.
6, New Bridge-street, Blackfriars, London. -
',Established 1823.
The lowest rates of Premium on the Mutual System.
The whole of the Profits divided every Fifth Year.
Assets amounting to £1,840,000.
The Bonus additions in 1859 (which averaged £65 per Cent.
en the Premiums paid) amounted to £475,000, the sum of
£890,000 having been added as Bonus at previous Divisions.
The Annual Income exceeds £260,000.
The Society continues its invariable practice of making no
charge for service in any volunteer corps.
ALEXANDER MACDONALD, Secretary.

ECONOMIC LIFE ASSURANCE SOCIETY.
SPECIAL NOTICE.-BONUS OF 1864.

Proposals for Assurance should be made before the Ist
Yanuary, 1860, to entitle the Assured to Participation in the
Division of Profits in 1861.

THE LIVERPOOL and LONDON FIRE and
-A- LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY.

Established 1836.

Offices—No. 1, Dale-street, Liverpool, and 20 and 21, Poultry,

London.
•
Liability of Proprietors Unlimited.
Invested Funds
PROGRESS OF THE COMPANY. _

Year. Fire Premiums. Life Premiums. Invested Funds
1848 3.5,472 .... 19,840 388,990
1853 113,612 .... 49,128 620,898
1858 .... 276,058 .... 121,411 .... 1,150,035

The Annual Income exceeds £450,000.

Policies expiring on CHRISTMAS-DAY should be re-
newed before the 9th of January.
SWINTON BOULT, Secretary to the Company.

LIFE ASSURANCE. - ADVICE OFFICE,
No. Pinch-lane, Cornhill. LIFE POLICY HOLDERS
and you wno MEAN TO INSURE YOUR LIVES, write tO Messrs.
DAVIES and Co. for their prospectus. It is to be had for
asking for. It will show you how to convert your present Policy
into a Jewel of INTRINSIC VALUE. How to make that
Policy, which now requires your constant care and watchful-
ness to,save it from extinction, an INALIENABLE PRO-
PERTY, available for present use as well as future consolation.
To study that prospectus, and act as it directs, may be the
means, when you are dead, of saving those who are dearest
to you from insolvency and want. Proofs unfortunately are
not wanting that such things have come to pass through the
agency of a policy of assurance.

BURROWS AND CO., Wholesale Wine Mer-
chants, LIVERPOOL.
Stores Lime-street.
Offices 54, Duke-street.
The Proprietors beg most resptetfully to call the attention
of the trade, noblemen, clergy, &c., and the public In general,
to their extensive stock of Choice Wines, of rare vintages.
BURROWS and Co. are not disposed to comment upon the
purity of their wines, which is daily most laudably acknow-
ledged by the public and eminent medical men of all coun-
tries, as the increasing patronage of the highest families in
the land is a sufficient guarantee.
They beg to call particular attention to their' pure Tonic
Wines, as being so valuable to Invalids and persons of weak

stornac s. -
A sample ease, containing three full-sized wine bottles,
will be forwarded to any address on receipt of P. 0.0. for Gs.
Bd. or a dozen for 295.
It is a well-known fact that impure and adulterated wines
are the greatest foes to health, producing acidity in the
stomach, and debilitating the digestive organs, while pure
wines will accelerate the digestive powers, invigorating,
strengthening, and bracing the nervous system.
Their Tonic Wine is admitted to be most essential to in-
valids, both old and young, and should never be absent from
the homes of the weak and sickly. Its properties are duly
acknowledged and appreciated by the leading men of the
faculty, both at home and abroad.
To prevent imposition each bottle is sealed with the name
of the firm.
All orders to be made payable to HENRY BURROWS.

INDIGESTION CURED at last by MEN-
A. THANODYNI4I, or Pain-relieving Mint.—lt is now dis-
covered that the power of restoring health to the stomach
depends upon the normal condition of that very sensitive
pneumogastric nerve. The miseries of melancholy, despair,
rheumatism, spasms, diarrhoea, piles, are removed by the use
of menthanodyne; irritability is allayed, sleep restored,
pulsation rendered more equal, and man becomes more evenly
energetic in his duties of life, and happy.—Sold by all medi-
dne vendors, and wholesale at J. GROS SMITH'S, 85, New-
gate-street, London.

GLENFIELD PATENT STARCH.
USED IN THE ROYAL LAUNDRY,
AND PRONOUNCED BY HER MAJESTY'S LAUNDRESS to bo
THE FINEST STARCH SHE EVER USED.
WREN YOU ASK 'FOR
GLENFIELD PATENT STARCH,
SEE THAT YOU GET IT,
As inferior kinds are often substituted.
Sold by all Chandlers, Grocers, .ko,
WOTHERSPOON & CO.. GLASGOW AND LONDON

E. It.'Power, at Portsmouth, is ordered to complete
defects and prepare for further service. This vessel
during the last 16 months has gone over 32,000
nautical miles ; has embarked and conveyed to their
destinations four entire regiments, five complements
of detachments besides smaller numbers ; also be-
tween 600 and 700 invalids and supernumeraries,
and 800 tons of stores.

sing a limited territory. To satisfy so high an interest it is
fully permitted to withdraw some hundred thousand souls
from the lif3 of nations, without, however, sacrificing them,
and giving them guarantees of welfare and social protection.
The Government of the Pope must be paternal in its ad-
ministration, as it is by its nature. He who calls himself
the Holy Father ought to be a father for all his subjects.
If his institutions are beyond the princirles which guaran-
tee the rights of government in a political society, his acts
ought to be only the more irreproachable, and when he can-
not be imitated by auy one he will be the envy of all men.
We look, therefore, upon the temporal Government of the

Pqpe ea the image of th 6 Govetnment of the Church. It

is a Pontificate, and not a Dictatorship. The large de-
velopment of his municipal area relieving him from the
responsibility of administrative interests, he can maintain
himself in a sphere far above the management of affairs.
A member of the Italian Confederation, he is protected by
the Federal army. A Federal army ought not to be more
than an e►ublem of public order. When enemies are to be
fought, either at home or abroad, it is not for the Head of the
Church to draw the sword. Blood shed in his name seems
an insult to Divine mercy, which he represents ; when he
raises his hand it ought to be to bless, and not to strike.
"Another very important point is that the Catholic reli-
gion does not remain exclusively at the charge of the sub-
jects of the Pontifical Government. The Pope is the spiritual
sovereign of all his flock ; it would not be equitable that
the necessary expenses to maintain the splendour which
appertains to the majesty of the Head of the Church should
be supported by the populations of his States. It is for the
Catholic Powers to provide the means which concern them
all by a large tribute paid to the Holy Father. His budget
will thus not be exclusively Roman, and will be interna-
tional, like his authority, whi.ch in a religious point of view
is recognised and respected everywhere whore the dogma
which he represents is the law bf consciences: In this man-
ner a double result, equally precious, will be maintained.
On the one hand, the Pope will find in the tribute of the.
Catholic Powers a new proof of the universality and unity
of the moral power which he exercises ; and, on the other,
he will not be obliged to press upon his people by taxes
which would not fill his treasury except by throwing dis-
credit on his name.

" In short, there will be a people in Europe who will be
ruled less by a King than by a father, and whose rights will
be guaranteed rather by the heart of the Sovereign than by
the authority of the laws and institutions. This people will
have no national representation, no army, no
,press, no ma-
gistracy. The whole of its political existence will be limited
to its municipal organisation. Beyond that narrow circle
it will have no other resource than contemplation, the arts,
the study of ruins (la culture des ruinee), and prayer. He
will be for ever disinherited of that noble portion of activity
which in every country is the stimulus of patriotism and
the legitimate exercise of the faculties of the mind of supe-
rior character& Under the Government bf the Sovereign
Pontiff there oan be no aspiration either to the glory of the
moldier or the triumphs of the orator or of the statesman. It
will be the Government of peace and reflection—a sort of
oasis where the passions and interests of politics will not
trespass, and which will only have the sweet and calm con-
templations of a spiritual world.
" Doubtless, there is in this exceptional condition some-
thing painful for men who feel within them noble ambitions
to serve and raise themselves by merit, and who aro con-
demned to inaction. It is a sacrifice which must be asked
from them in a higher order of interests, before which pri-
vate interests must fall. Moreover, if the subjects of the
Pope are deprived of a political existence, they will be in-
demnified, on the other hand, by a most paternal Govern-
ment, by the exemption from taxation, by the moral great
ness of their country, which is the centre of Catholic faith,
and by the presence ea Court, the brilliancy of which, ne-
cessary for the double Majesty of the Pontiff and the Pi ince,
will be maintained by the moans of liberal tributes paid by
the Catholic Powers of Europe. These considerations have
surely some value, and, after all, under such a system, with
such advantages, and with the chance of having great Popes,
such as history records, it will always be an honour to call j
oneself a Roman citizen—civis .Romanus.

"`I.

" Necessity of maintaining the 'temporal power of tho

Pope; '
" Necessity of divesting it. as much as possible of all the
responsibilities incumbent upon a Government, and of
placing the need of the Church in a sphere where his spiri-
tual authority can neither be shackled nor compromised by
his political authority ;
" Necessity, to achieve this, of restricting instead of ex-
tending his territory, and of diminishing rather than in-
creasing the number of his subjects;;
"Necessity of, giving to the population of these States,
thus deprived of the advantages of a political existence,
compensations by a paternal and economical administration ;

" Such is in a few words the substance of what we have
endeavoured to demonstrate in the preceding pages.
" As a consequence of this demonstration, another ques-
tion presents itself—a delicate question, but the solution
of which we imagine will become easier at the light of the
principles we have laid down.

" The Romagna has been separated de facto for some
months from the authority of the Popo. It has boon living
larder a Provisional Government. It is activel, ruled by a
Government whose powers extend over all the States of
Central Italy. Thus this separation bears for it all the marks
of a fait accompli.
" Is the Romagna to be restored to the Pope ?
" To resolve this question we do not wish to consult the'
interests of the Papacy. As we have already said, it is in a
Catholic spirit that we write, and we seek solely what may
be advantageous to the Church, to assure to its august Head
the security and grandeur which France, more than any
other nation, is bound to give him.
" Thus, it is not our task kere to study tho interests of
the populations of the Romagna, the right they may have
to give themselves another form of Government, the com-
plaints which they raise against the Pontifical Adminis •
tration, the sincerity mare or less serious of the votes which
have pronounced the annexation to Piedmont;—this does
not come within our subject.

" Is it advisable, yes or no, for the glory of the Church,
for the authority of its Head, that the Romagna should be
restored to the patrimony of the Holy Father ? This is all
that we have to examine.