The Sun.
London, England, 1859-08-22 00:00:00

HIGH WATER AT LONDON BRIDGE.

THIS DAY.—Morning, 6h.!s3m.—Afternoon, 7h. 20m.
To-Molutowl-Morning, 7h. 54m.—Afternoon, Bh. 35m.

THE SUN.

MONDAY, AUGUST 22, 1859.

The happiest augury for Italy is discoverable in
every stage of the progress made the Central States
towards their political emancipation. Tuscany—

Parma—Modena—abandoned each and all of them

by their Grand Ducal Sovereigns, have each and all
evidenced the noblest right to independence of

action in the choice of a new Government. De-

prived suddenly of all the guarantees of order they
have signalized the emergency in a manner worthy

of a body of enlightened freemen, resolved upon
vindicating their inalienable title to the privilege
choosing tneir future rulers for themselves. It
is a crisis that they have all three nobly passed
through under the two extremes of a fierce and
gigantic war, and of an abrupt and questionable
pacification. In spite of all the disturbing influ-
ences aroand them they have never once either
literally or figuratively lost their self-possession.

The judgment of the Tuscans, of the Parmese, and
of the Modenese has remained serene, rational, and
unshaken throughout. Armed contingents have
marched across their territories, have advanced
beyond their northern frontiers, have come almost
within sight and sound of the actual belligerents—
these contingents have been unexpectedly debarred
(at a moment the most tantalising) from the heroic
privilege of crossing swords with the foe for the
liberation of their common fatherland—they have
been marched back again without having been able
to strike a blow, or to burn upon the actual field
of battle a single ounce of gunpowder. Central
Italy, in fact, has been, first of all, excited to the
utmost pitch of warlike enthusiasm, and in the very
midst of this immediately afterwards constrained
to adopt an unexpected policy of complete
quiescence. The populations of Tuscany, of Parma,
and of Modena, have, in other words, been
successively warmed to fever heat and chilled to a
state of arctic refrigeration—yet the pulse of that
part of the projected Confederation has been throb-
bing all the while equably. The popular feeling of
those Central States has continued through all these
events undisturbed.
There have been, moreover, in the Central States
of Italy—besides the warlike marchings and the
peaceful countermarchings already mentioned—
there have been elections, there have been debates,
there have been public festivities in the midst of the
campaign of Solferino and others celebrated subse-
quently to the meeting at Villafranca. Yet from the
commencement to the conclusion of those occurrences
there has not been recorded anywhere in those
Central States a solitary outrage. Not one disaster
appears to have followed from the withdrawal from
Florence and the other capitals of the petty
dynasties and of their subordinate administrative
organisation. Not one assassination—not one act
of incendiarism —not a robbery—not an emeute has
resulted from the sudden shaking down of the
whole fabric of the local governments. The citi-

zens have been compelled upon the spur of the
moment to improvise from among themselves—
army—national guard—police—legislators—admi-
nistrators. How they have done all this during these
last few months we all know—we have already inti-

plated—Europe has beheld the spectacle with ad-
miration. The opportunity has, at least, been
afforded. at last—to those portions of the great
Italian family. And gloriously have they availed
themselves of that opportunity. Their conduct in
this we cannot but regard as auspicious, in the
fullest sense of the phrase, not only for themselves
but for the whole length and breadth of that
beautiful and historic peninsula.

GARIBALDI, now that he has assumed the position
there of Commander-in-Chief of theforces of Central
Italy may be said in a very great measure, and
particle of exaggeration, to have at
without one
at his very foot, the destinies
this momentous epoch,
of the Italian nation-Itlity. He occupies there, in
that particular capacitY as Commander-in-Chief
of the forces of Cemtral Italy, the position
of one who stands nyjciwaY on the plank of
Liberty—now still oscillating from the shock
administered to it by tWI rivalry of the two
Emperors—a rivalry to all appearance at the
beginning of the campaign. pretty well equipoised.
To carry out the simile—tkie plank has heen shifted
(during the late campaign) by the breadth of all
Lombardy ! And this shifting, it may be remem-
bered, was effecOd not so much by a see-saw
motion of any kind, .50 much as by a rapid run off
from the Ticino to the Mincio, with more or less
formidable jolts succesevely at Montebello, at
Pales,tro, at Magenta, and ast Solferino. Finally
tbq beam is left balancing anow upon the. signal

given by that abrupt obstruction to any further
movement (whether of advance or of retrogression)
at Villafranca. In this new position of the long
and still unequally and unsteadily balanced plank
of the Roman Peninsula—there is GARIBALDI
standing Colossus-wise midway—placed there in
precisely the very position, where, by leaning more
or less to one side or the other, he may effectually
sway the destinies of his glorious father-
land. It is an enviable position—and it is one,
moreover, of solemn responsibility. Fortunately,
from his antecedents, there cannot remain much
doubt as to the course which is likely to be adopted
in this crisis of the destinies of his country by
General GARIBALBI. All around him, are noble
and worthy coadjutors. A gallant army-.-small,
it is true, but admirably disciplined, and burning
with eagerness to flesh their swords, if need be,
at some Italian Marathon. A patriotic legislature,
composed of the most gifted, the most powerful,
and the most illustrious citizens of the several
States. A bold and determined Ministry. A calm
and resolute population. These are the political
elements surrounding GARIBALDI, ready, each and
all of them, to co-operate in any enterprise he may
deem advisable when the moment for it may
arrive. As Commander-in-Chief we cannot, with
his past history before us, doubt that GARIBALDI
will—should those elements be driven into tem-
pest—prove himself under qualified any emerency,
however desperate, to—
" Ride on the whirlwind and direct the storm."

At either extremity of that long plank, upon which
(to revert to our homely image) he stands midway
—at either extremity of it there is in one direction
Naples, the political ally of Austria, and in the
other Piedmont, not only the political ally of
France, but her dynastic associate and her heroic
comrade on the battle-field. In this situation of
the Beam of Liberty in the Roman Peninsula, we
see the indubitable auguries of hope for Italy and
the Italians. GARIBALDI, there at the critical
moment, ready most effectively, Brennus-like, to
throw his sword into the scale—we have more
than ever confidence in the future of Italy, if only
the Italians be left to themselves.

Wherever kingcraft without one heroic attribute
is more dominant than it ought to be, it is surpris-
ing how little importance is attached to the life of
the individual who claims to be its representative.
Scarcely any interest at all has been felt in regard
to the successive deaths, recently, of the King of
NORWAY and SWEDEN, and of the King of the Two
SICILIES. Royal though their position, they have
gone to their gravesobscurely, and beyond the circle
of their own immediate families there is scarcely a
sigh heard for either OSCAR or FERDINAND.
The same dull track to the tomb is now being tra-
versed by the faineant King of PRUSSIA, now
slowly and obscurely dying unregrettQd in that
palace of the house of Oldenburgh, called by an
absurd misnomer Sans Souci. It is only where
monarchy acquires an undue predominance that
the state herald can announce with a tone of indif-
ference—Le Roi est mort—Vive le Boi ! The
funeral toll of the bourdon mingling there, as a
mere matter of course, with the clash of joy
bells for the successor. Contrast the indifference
recently experienced at Naples and at Christiana
and that which is now observable at Berlin, with
the profound emotions that would be excited nearer
home by a similar catastrophe=ugainst which the
whole nation, Sunday after Sunday, in every
place of public worship, offers up its heartfelt
prayers to HEAVEN. Kingcraft, without the
redeeming, or at least mitigating, trait of
heroism, places the chief and the nation
in hateful antagonism. Under a constitutional
monarchy the individuality of the Sovereign, so
far from being lost or merged in the cold ideil of
an institution, is taken home into the hearts and
lives beside the hearths of the people, as among

their cherished lures. To recognise the vivid truth
of this, it is only needful—without drawing any
unnecessarily painful comparison—it is only need-
ful to contrast the recent deaths of OSCAR of
Sweden, and of FERDINAND of the Two Sicilies, or
this gradually on-coming death of FREDERICK
WILLIAM of Prussia, with that demise of the
Princess CHARLOTTE, which, forty years ago, was
mourned almost as a domestic affliction through-
out the millions of our population.

HER MAJESTY'S VISIT TO THE NORTH.—It is
now definitely arranged that her Majesty, the Prince Con-
sort, and the rest of the Royal Family at present at Os-
borne will leave London for _Balmoral on this day week—
viz., Monday, the 29th inst. Her Majesty and Court will
Proceed to Edinburgh via the Great Northern Railway, the
directors of which line have received instructions to have a
special train in readiness to leave King's-cross station at 9
p.m., so that the Royal journey will be made by night.
The Prince Alexander Radzivil has arrived at
Long's Hotel from Paris.
The Prince Boris Galitzin has arrived at Long's
Hotel from Paris.

The Duke of Sutherland embarked at Liverpool
early last week on board his yacht, on his way to Duni,
robin Castle. The Marquis and Marchioness of Stafford
are with the nolie duke.
The Duke and Duchess of Argyll, with the Mar-
quis of Lorn and youthful family, have left Campden Hill
for Inverary Castle, for the autumn.
The Earl and Lady Constance Grosvenor arrived
in town early on Saturday from Brighton, and later in the
day departed to join the Duchess of Sutherland at Cliefden
Park, near Maidenhead.
The Earl and Countess of Lichfield have arrived
within the last few days at his lordship's shooting quarters
in the north of Scotland, from Shugborough Hall, Stafford-
shire.
The Lady de L'lsle and Dudley gave birth to a
son on Friday last, at Ingleby Manor, Yorkshire.
Admiral Sir George Mundy has left the Queen's
Hotel, Upper Norwood, for town.
The Lord Chancellor, the Baroness Stratheden,
and the Hon. Miss Campbell left London on Saturday for
the Oatlands Hotel, Walton-on-Thames.
A marriage is about to take place between Mr.
Ynyr Henry Burges, only son of Mr. and Lady Caroline
Burges, and the Hon. Edith Wilbraham, sister of Lord
Skelmersdale. The period fixed for the nuptials is early
next month, and they will take place at Latham, in Lan-

cashire.
The Earl and Countess of Leicester arrived last
week at the noble earl's shooting-box in the Highlands,
from Holkham Hall, Norfolk.
The Count Guedeonoff has arrived at the Bruns-
wick Hotel, Jermyn-street, from St. Petersburg.
Mr. A. R. Bristow, M.P., and Mrs. Bristow left
Grosvenor-street on Saturday for Dover, en route for Paris.
MORTALITY IN EMIGRATION FROM CHINA TO
CUBA.—The mortality in, the emigration from China to
Cuba during the six months from June to December, 1858,
inclusive, was no less than 20.28 per cent.
JOHN MITCHEL.—The South has lost a citizen,
and Ireland, doubtless, is about to recover a rebel. Mr. John
Mitchel has hurled away his fruitless pen in scorn, and sets
sail once more for Europe ; not, of course, as we presume,
for the dominions of her Britannic Majesty, in which the
Guelph and the gaol still deform the accursed soil, but pro-
bably for the revolutionary Romagna, or the Convention at
Zurich. Slavery has refused to kindle at his voice into
glory ; slaveholders have declined to subscribe to his journal;
ftrd the Union has not so much as quaked at the thunder of
hisinlonostrils.ovreeotio t,o d
has The apostle must, therefore, condescend once
_ rifle with the vulgar emotions of liberty. The dull
his ____e,
nowfailed to flame at his touch; he will wave
must surely cater the ma„
whom his language
the hearts and the hopes of men, to
infallible tones.
slave trade to the wori
Mitchel, who is as
considerate in his politics, '
perhaps be a little obscure, but who
Toe magnetic passion of his trained and
subside from the glory of defendine• the
classical,
ofl rousing the nationalities,
arcrirt feel io be a derogation, at
we believe, in his tastes as he is
wit,lona.F Nothing, we imagine,
least, if not a positive de
upon
Killarney,
army, under the
but the hope of marching
could have re-
aEuainglaeyrid, then, beware!
Duke of Magenta, directly
messengers as the
't The Devil is
candled him to such a change. Let
release of Richard
As Philip Augustus sent word by
clumsy age allowed to King John of the
Coeur de Lion with the words
so, now, we mai( fairly
John Mitchel is afloat. fay the llavre steamer
-
advise unloosed take
3
thain,eed tf,
carry him back safely to the Old World 1" is the petition,
aot precisely Horatian, perhaps, with which we Shall dis-
miss him when he goes.—Nero York Times.

LATEST NEWS.

The following telegrams have been received at
Mr. Reuter's office :
VIENNA, MONDAY MORNING.
The official Weiner Zeitung of this day contains
the following
IMPERIAL DECREE.

Count Rechberg, who retains his post as Minister
for Foreign Affairs, is appointed President of the
Cabinet.
Baron Hubner is appointed Minister of Police.
Count Goluchowski, Minister of the Interior.

,
Councillor (Geheimerath) Kempen von Fichten-
stamm, chief of the police, is dismissed with a

pension.
Baron Bach, formerly Minister of the Interior,
has been appointed Ambassador to Rome.
The Ministry of Commerce is entirely dissolved.
Its duties are divided between the Ministers of the
Interior, of Exterior, and of FinEnce.

The non-official portion of the Vienna Zeitung
contains an article stating that there is a general
feeling of anxiety in the public mind concerning
the subjects which have been till now under serious
deliberation by the Imperial Council, and which

14 1,4,4 ' -.1,4 • •
VOlk AR " "4, \ 4Z
:744'707t; .4E6
'',-`,4111110111 :DRO It