The Sun.
London, England, 1866-02-17 00:00:00

THE SUN, LONDON, SATURDAY EVENING, FEBRUARY 17, lE€6,

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'IN lit II-

LONDON, SATURDAY, FEB. 17, 1866.

It appears to
be certain that there is more in
at first Fenianism than Was
as supposed, and those
who thought of it only
asu.bject for ridicule will
be a little, startled‘,eroatpothraery h erm t to which it has
excitement
the
created by
,t
risen. Since the t
the first arrests and trials and
STEPHENS has subsided, very little notice has
collapsebeen
taken of it in this country. The
disputes
of
the
Senate and the O'MAIIONY in. America, the
of the stately National Establishment in New York,
have raised a smile perhaps as an item of the Arne
riJan news. However, there have during the
last few days been certain significant indica-
tions that the Government were not altogether
satisfied with the position of Irish affairs,
and last night both Houses were startled by
the request, made by Earl RUSSELL in the one,
and by Sir G. GREY in the other, for leave to bring
in a bill to suspend the Habeas Corpus Act in
Ireland. Such a demand is so very rare in this
country, where constitutional privileges are guarded
with the utmost jealousy, that it is quite certain it
would not be lightly made by any English Minis-
try; and the manner in 'which it is proposed to
introduce the bill does not tend to allay the natural
anxiety created by it.
Earl RUSSELL thought it
desirable to ask their Lordships to sit to-day,
urging, very justly, that I
Pry at all, it wa. ' the Bill were neces-
sary
C19,0X019 that 119 Um ,

should be lost about it, and he cNed
as a precedent the last time when such a bill
was passed. It was then introduced on a Saturday
and passed through all its stages in one day, a course
which it is evidently intended to follow on the pre-
sent occasion. The Earl of DERBY remarked that
such a proposal indicated a very serious state of
things ; but that while the entire responsibility of
the proceeding must rest upon Her MAJESTY'S Go-
vernment, he felt it would be inconsistent -with
their duty if their lordships interposed any unneces-
sary delay. Should the House of Commons think
fit to suspend its standing orders for the sake of
passing the bill in one process, he would himself
offer no opposition to the measure. We may,
therefore, presume that the bill will be carried
through all its stages to-day ; and indeed it is to be
hoped that such will be the case, since it is not
likely that tho Lord-Lieutenant would have asked '
for such an extreme measure, or that Earl RUSSELL
would have sanctioned it, without some very de-
cided and urgent reason. Under such circum-
stances, all that can be done is to strengthen the
hands of the Executive by every possible means until
the crisis is past, when there will be ample oppor-
tunity to examine into the origin of the disturbance,
and to criticise the means and manner of its sup-
pression.

The unnecessary or excessive interference of
Government in matters of private enterprise is
always very much to be regretted, and we, in
this country, have a strong antipathy to it in any

'orm.

We hold the belief that it checks enter-
prise and fetters industry, and certainly the mar-
vellous successes achieved by the uncontrolled action
of private energy and spirit go far to confirm us in

hat faith. There are, however, limits which inter-
pose themselves with regard to the too wide exten-
sion of this principle, and a Government must not
altogether abrogate its functions because the
general course of business goes on better without
its direction. Thus it is manifestly part
of the duties of the Executive to protect, as far
as possible, the lives of her MAJESTY'S subjects,
and no one can hesitate to affirm that the gales
which visit our coasts expose our maritime popu-
lation to verygreat and continual dangers. The storms
of the present season have been unusually severe
and lasting, even for an English winter, and the loss
of life has unfortunately been correspondingly great.
In spite of all efforts, numbers of lives have been
sacrificed, and a good deal of property lost, though
what the result would have been had there been a
less admirable fleet of lifeboats stationed on our
coasts through the exertions of the National Life-
boat Institution, we may shudder to think. The
Earl of MALMESBURY last evening drew the atten-
tion of the Upper House to the great danger of our
coasts, and while cordially expressing his admira-
tion of the services rendered by that valuable insti-
tution, he asked whether it would not be possible
for the Government to do something in the matter.
There were still, he said, many dangerous places
on our shores unprovided with lifeboat stations, and
he instanced the case of Christchurch, near South-
ampton, where he had himself witnessed a wreck last
Sunday, in which three men perished. The Duke of
SOMERSET, from his reply, appeared to be well satisfied
that other persons should undertake the responsi-
bility, and said he thought that any interference
with an institution which worked so well would be
very much to be deplored. If the Government in-
terfered they might ruin the institution, which
was now in so perfect a condition that the
French Government were desirous of imitat-
ing it. This is all very well, and no
one would wish for a moment that the control of
the Lifeboat Institution should be transferred from
the hands of those gentlemen who have administered
its affairs with so much energy, prudence, and
public spirit for a long period of years ; but there
can be no possible reason why the Government
should not contribute to its means with a liberal
hand. Why can they not give twenty or fifty
boats to the Institution, to be built on the recog-
nised plan, and to be under their management ? It
is idle to say that official recognition of the merits
of the establishment would diminish the voluntary
supplies. Every one knows that such afleet as is even
now stationed round our coasts cannot be maintained
in efficiency without a very serious and continual
outlay ; and certainly the melancholy record of the
past few months has not tended to diminish the sym-
pathy for the shipwrecked or the interest in the
lifeboat.

It is a national question, involving great public in-
terests—not a local or exceptional charity which
appeals more especially to the wealthy and bene-
volent. The Government of this country send out
so many men upon the seas that they are especially
responsible for providing every possible means of
rescue for the imperilled sailor. All classes of the
community—the merchant who sends and receives
his goods, the consumer who relies on the constant
supply of foreign articles, the pleasure-seeker, the
emigrant, the holiday tourist, are personally con-
cerned more or less directly in the preservation of
life at sea. It is a public duty to do all in
our power to provide the proper appliances, and
while the claim on private liberality and kindness
will not be lessened by a public grant, we should
like to see so important an establishment
receive something more than a mere verbal.
compliment at the bands of the Executive.
If the public money is to be laid out for the public
good, there is certainly no reason why the national
exchequer should not promptly defray the cost of a
given number of lifeboats, to be stationed on such
portions of our coasts as may be most requisite and
advisable.

The House of Commons has made great progress
in the Bill on the Cattle Disease, and the Chancellor
of the Exchequer announced that he would, to-
day, ask the house to read it a third time. This is
very satisfactory, and must be a source of gratifi-
cation to the country at large. Considering the
short time that has elapsed since the meeting of
Parliament, it must be allowed that amazing celerity
has been used. Mr. BRIGHT, nothing daunted by
his previous failures, again set to work last night,
and was at last called to order for his pertinacious
interruptions. Mr. HUNT very wisely made a
proposal to the Government to facilitate the
progress. of the bill, which was to the effect
that they should proceed, accepting the deci-
Bion of the House on Thursday respecting the
prevention of the movement of cattle by railway,
and leave the consideration of cattle movement in
other ways to a future bill. Sir G. GREY acquiesced
in the suggestion, declaring that when he intro-
duced the bill he had stated that it might be ad-
visable to proceed with the most urgent provisions
at once, and to leave some minor points to be settled
at a subsequent period. Mr. HUNT'S Bill was
committed pro foforma,in order that he
might have an opportunity of inserting SOITie
amendments to be considered by the House.
Mr. 0. STANLEY alluded to a very im-
portant part of the subject of cattle conveyance,
namely, the necessity for giving power to inspect
the railway-trucks and canal boats by which cattle
were conveyed. At present the danger of inspec-
tion is greatly increased by the neglect which pre-
Tails) and At Any firaQ it iii Pry 4i.terisnii t 9 the

health of the cattle to be placed in such dirty con-
veyances. Indeed it is no exaggeration to say
that the cattle plague would never have attained to
such a height had greater care and caution prevailed
in this respect at the outset. At a subsequent
period of the evening the clause to this effect was
considered, but unfortunately it was struck out, be-
cause some hon. member said that as cattle were
not now to be removed by railway it was unneces-
sary. It must be borne in mind, however, that the
period of restriction is a brief one, and besides the
clause related to canal-boats. Besides, as was
mentioned last night, these trucks are often used
for the conveyance of dead meat, and therefore

' great precautions are necessary.
Some debate ensued on the introduction of clause
34, as to the manner in which compensation should be
provided. Some hon. members were of opinion
that the same proportion at least should be taken
from the Consolidated Fund, but this met with a
decided check from the Chancellor of the Exche-
quer, who said that it was quite impossible to adopt
a measure of that kind at a moment's notice ; and,
however conciliatory the Government might deem
it their duty to be, such concession had its limits.
" It would be," said the hon. gentleman, " a thing
so novel, so inexpedient, and so ineffectual, and, I
am bound to say to their credit, so unasked for
by the owners of cattle, and it is so entirely in
the nature of a surprise, after what has
taken place in the House, that the rapid passage of
these enactments will be made entirely impossible."
Mr. GLADSTONE truly declared that the question as
•to whether the sums should be raised out of the
cattle rate, or the local rate, was an entirely
different one from the relative merits of the Con-
solidated Fund and the local rate.

Mr. LOWE made some amusing references to the
battle between town and country, and declared that
" the case for the country was taken up by the
honourable member for the Tower Hamlets." The
right honourable gentleman went at some length
into the consideration of the arguments raised
by Mr. MILL, and showed the mistaken
line taken by the honourable member in
thinking this was a question of indemnity. " But,"
said he, "it is no question of indemnifying people
for losses, but of paying men with a view to getting
rid of the cattle plague." Again Mr. LOWE very
properly said, further on in his speech, that the
object was to avert future loss, not on behalf of a
class, but on behalf of a whole community. "As
the loss must fall on the whole community, is it
reasonable the community should stand by and say
we won't stir a finger to prevent it; is it not a more
reasonable inference that, as the loss does fall on the
consumers, they ought to come forward in a body
to bear it ?" Mr. J. S. MILL followed suit to
Mr. BRIGHT, in introducing class interests into the
discussion, declaring that it had excited a good deal
of scorn on the other side of the House because he
had said it was unworthy of the landed industry in
this country, or any other aristocracy, to make
these propositions.

Sir G. GREY, in alluding to the topics under con-
sideration, said that the chief points were whether
compensation should come from national or local
funds; and next, whether if out of local it should be
provided entirely by a county rate, or partly by a
cattle rate, and partly by a county rate. The right
hon. gentleman gave credit to the agricultural
interest for not making any demand.on the national
funds. The Royal Agricultural Society distinctly
did so, and also some members of the deputation
from St. James's Hall. Taking all things into
consideration, Sir G. GREY deemed it advisable to
withdraw the proposal as to the Cattle Plague rate,
and to leave the whole to be provided for by the
county rate. This wise determination was received
with loud cheers from the Opposition.

CORRESPONDENCE FROM PARIS.

(FROM OUR OWN CORRESPONDENT.)
PARIS, Friday Evening.

There is no news to-day as regards France, but
the German papers speak of diplomatic communi-
cations between Austria and Prussia upon the sub-
ject of indications of dissatisfaction which have been
manifested in regard to the administration of the
Duchies.

The Paris papers follow with interest the pro-
gress of the discussions in the English Parliament.
The Siecle, which never omits an opportunity of
attacking the Government in regard to Ireland,
regrets the rejection of the amendment to the ad-
dress proposed by The O'Donoghue. " The amend-
ment (says the Siecle,, which contains an accurate
description of the real grievances of Ireland, and
which points out very clearly the situation of that
unfortunate country, was vehemently opposed by
the representatives of the Crown. It is a melan-
choly fact that whoever now attain power, they are
always inclined to repel the truth."
A gentleman connected with the Electric Tele-
graph at Paris makes the following curious and
interesting remarks upon the transmission of her
Majesty's Speech. He says that he read the Speech
sooner than he could have heard it. He knew the
last word ten minutes after he received the first,
and only five minutes after the Speech was con-
cluded, for the transmission commenced as soon as
her Majesty began to speak. If the sonorous voice
of the Queen could have been heard across the
Channel, it could not have been heard so quickly
as through the medium of the. electric telegraph.
Sound does not pass instantly from one place to
another, but a certain time is required for it to tra-
verse a distance.. The average time required for the
transmission of sound is a second for 333 metres. If
we examine thedifference of longitude and latitude of
London and Paris, in a direct line the distance from I
London to !Paris is 420 kilometres. Calculating
333 metres.per second, sound would require about
21 minutes to traverse the space. If, then, we
could have heard the voice of Queen Victoria here,
it could only have been in 21 minutes and some
seconds after the words had been pronounced. Thus,
by an originality of science, electricity brought us
the Royal Speech much more rapidly than the
sound of the words could have reached us. The
whole speech was known in Paris before the inhabi-
tants of London could know the contents of it.

A strange and fatal accident took place a day or
two ago at Lesparre. On the arrival of the coach
from Bas-Medor, one of the passengers got out, but
on descending his coat struck against the step. A
loud report was heard, and the paSsengers were
horror-struck at seeing that a person behind him
had fallen down dead. There was a pistol loaded
with ball in the gentleman's pocket, and striking
against the wheel as he descended the pistol went
off. The involuntary author of this sudden death
was arrested.

Private letters from Rome of the 10th inst. state
that the diplomatic relations between the Holy See
and the Russian Government are completely inter-
rupted. According to the last despatches the cause
of this cessation of amicable relations was a note
sent to the Russian Government by the Pope com-
plaining of the words used towards his Holiness by
Baron de Meyendorff, the Russian Ambassador, on
the occasion of the address presented to the Pope on
New Year's-day. Your readers will recollect that
I minutely described what took place at the time.
The Russian Minister censured the Pope in very
warm terms for having, as he alleged, endea-
voured to uphold the Roman Catholic religion
both by violence and intrigue. Such at least was
the charge made by implication against the
Pope by the Russian Minister. The note
of the Pope also contains some other
charges against Baron de Meyendorff. It
was
tely recalled,edianot and, according supposed
that the Baron would be
immediately
to one account,
he was likely to remain some time at Rome, in order
t 9 BYO bira As opportuuity of making explana

tien or offering an apology for his insulting and
violent demeanour towards the Pope.
Despatches have been received by the Colonial
Minister from Port-au-Prince to the 24th of Jan.
They give a favourable account of the position of
affairs at Hayti, and state that, in spite of the
incendiarism at Port-au-Prince, and the rebellion
of the Cape, the Haytian Government had been
able to pay to France 3,800,000 f. for its two debts
relative to the indemnity and the Haytian loan.
According to the Patrie, the despatches which
have been exchanged between France and the
United States upon the subject of Mexico will reach
Paris about the 25th of this month, and they will
thus arrive in time to be communicated to the
Legislative Body before the termination of the dis-
cussion on the address.

The debat' on the address in the Senate was
worthily closed by a speech from the Count de
Persigny, -which has excited considerable attention.
It, however, did not contain anything new, being
merely a reiteration of his former declarations and
writings in regard to the state of liberty in England
and France. The Count, in conclusion, said, and
this summary will afford the key to the whole of his
arguments—" I am convinced that, in France par-
ticularly, liberty can only be founded on the basis
of a strong power. I would therefore remove from
authority everything that could weaken and enervate
it. I know that there is a false liberalism, which
would disarm power ; but it may be said of that
principle, what is said of the flattery which besieges
the thrones of kings—that it is the corrupter of the
spirit of the public and the scourge of states."
(Approbation from a great number of benches.)
The weather has been rather wild and unsettled to-
day, and the observations at the Observatory indi-
cate more storms. The temperature is mild.

LA TEST INTEL LIGENCT.

(REUTER'S TELEGRAMS.)

SPAIN.

MADRID, FEB. 17.

It is semi-officially stated that the Cabinet will
reply to General della Marmora's recent note on
the Roman question, that Spain will respect the
rights of Italy as much as those of the Pope, on be-
half of which she will constantly act as becomes a
Catholic Power.

GREECE.

ATHENS, FEC. 8.

A royal message, read on Saturday last to the
Chamber, put an end to the extraordinary session.
The message was delivered by the Minister of
Finance, and was as follows :
" Gentlemen,--The royal ordinance which con-
voked you in extraordinary session acquainted
you with the subjects upon which you were asked
to deliberate. These were the concession to
drain Lake Copais and a bill setting a tax upon
the scoriae from Mount Laurium. You are not un-
aware of the importance the Government attached
to these questions. But, in consequence of the re-
fusal of M. Montferrier (the representative of the
capitalists wishing to undertake the drainage) to
admit of competition, the Government has believed
it wiser and more useful to enter into direct nego-
tiations with M. Bonnaire, who appears to be the
real promoter of the enterprise. With regard to
the matter of the Mount Laurium scoriae, recent
experiments made by practical men have given dif-
ferent results to those already known, and the Go-
vernment has thought fit to postpone this question
also."

Such are the apparent reasons for closing a session
that has only lasted a few days, but the real cause is
believed to be the fact of the deputies having voted
themselves an indemnity of 1,500 drachmas a piece,
making a heavy pull upon a nearly empty treasury.
The close of the session has been welcomed with
much satisfaction by the indignant public.
The Parliamentary campaign being at an end,
the Roufos Cabinet—a Ministry admittedly transi-
tory—tendered its resignation to the King. After
a futile attempt to induce MM. Bulgaria and Cou-
moundouros, the two real party leaders, to coalesce
in constructing a Cabinet, his Majesty entrusted
the task to M. Roufos again.

The new Cabinet is composed thus :—M. Roufos,
President of the Council, Minister of Public Wor-
ship and Education, with temporary charge of the
portfolio of Justice; M. Provilegios (public prose 7
cutor at the Court of Cassation), Minister of the
Interior ; M. Spiridion. Valaorites (lonian ex-sena-
tor), Minister for Foreign Affairs ; M. Tanopoulos,
Minister of Finance ; Colonel Petmezas, Minister
of War ; and Commandant Sahinis, Minister of the
Marine.

The new Minirtry took the oaths yesterday even-
ing, with the exception of M. Valaorites, now
at Corfu. It is not yet known whether he will
accept office. It may be observed that with the
exception of M. Roufos not one of the new Cabinet
is a member of the Chamber.

The circular addressed by the three protecting
Powers to their representatives at this Court
arrived some days back. It is said to lay stress
upon the fact that the Great Powers attach much
importance to the consolidation of order in Greece
and the maintenance of the existing dynasty, but
that they have seen with regret the recent Parlia-
mentary oscillations, which are not of a nature to
contribute to the prosperity of the nation, and
they trust the patriotism of Greek statesmen will
put an end to a situation so prejudicial to the
country.

FICA
BOURSE, Feb. 16, Th,

became weaker towards
following prices:—

41 per Cents 9B 60
Do. end month —

3 per Cents. 69
Do. end month 69 07i
Credit Mobilier
Do. end month 682 50
Bank Shares 3690
Credit Foncier 1330
Italian Loan 6O 90
Do. end month 6l

NCE.

ree o'clock.—The market
he end, and left off at the

Roman
Ottoman Fives 39

Mexican Loan 47
Do. Bonds 3OO
Russian -
Austrian
Spanish Threes
Homo Debt —
Deferred

RAILWAYS.
Cash.

Orleans
Northern
Lyons and Mediterranean
Southern
Western
Eastern
Sardinian
Austrian
Lombard
North of Spain
Saragossa
Ditto to Barcelona
Roman

Amt.
... 870 -
... 1121 25
883 75
... 557 50

... 570 -
... 547 50

... 153 75

- - ... 405 -
- - ... 403 75
- - ... 172 50
- - ... 218 75

... 116 25

TIIE METROPOLITAN FREE HOSPITAL.—Among
the numerous charitable institutions existing in
this great metropolis, most of which mainly owe their
existence and maintenance to a benevolent public, one can
scarcely be surprised at the frequent complaint which
which occurs of want of funds. And yet the benevolence
and liberality of the wealthier classes in this country are
the noblest features in the character of the nation. Eng-
lishmen of wealth and Englishmen of moderate means
seem to unite in one common cause, by means of various
channels, to assist the poor, to train the orphan, to relieve
the sick, to succour the aged, to house the incurable, and
to soothe the dying. Our charity is a pattern to the world,
andyet the vast sums resulting from our benevolence aro,
it seems, miserably inadequate to the demands upcn the
charities we support. We suspect strongly that one of two
states of things, or somewhat of each, must be at the
bottom of this difficulty. Either wealthy donors and
patrons are influenced by connections and sympathies to
ono charity, or one description of charity, to the neglect of
perhaps many more valuable ones, or, despite our na-
tional liberality, there are thousands of well-to-do folks who
will look on calmly at sickness and destitution rather than
disturb the balance at their bankers. There are, however,
institutions which only require to be known to claim the
sympathy of the truly benevolent, and such an one is the
Metropolitan Free Hospital, Devonshire-square, City, the
anniversary festival of which is to take place on the 14th
March. The Metropolitan Free Hospital is unlike its
kindred institutions in many respects. Unlike the older
hospitals it possesses no endowment ; unlike them it is en-
tirely dependent upon public generosity for its support ;
unlike them it opens its doors to all creeds and all nations
without a patron's recommendatory letter—ill-health and
indigence being alone necessary to secure immediate ad-
mission or out-door relief. This feature, for a twofold
reason, should recommend the Metropolitan Free Hospital
to the sympathies of the benevolent, to comparatively few
of whom it is at present known owing to its situation,
which, although an excellent one for its eleemosynary
objects, and being besides in the heart of the City, is so
retired as to meet the view of scarcely ono in twenty thou-
sand of the travellers in the metropolis. The one reason is
that its promptness of action in many instances relieves
a patient, and perhaps saves his life, where a very different
result might be obtained if he applied for and failed to ob-
tain a letter, or experienced delay in obtaining one; and
the other reason is that, by treating a patient in incipient
maladies, the medical officers are enabled to battle with
and overcome much direful disease, which, although its
origin may be traced to the overcrowded dwellings of the
poor, is not long, if suffered to develop°, in bringing the
inmate of the mansion to a bed of suffering or death. The
Right Hon. the Lord Mayor will occupy the chair at the
anniversary festival, supported by the Sheriffs of London
and Middlesex, and the name of his Grace the Archbishop
of Canterbury heads an influential list of stewards. We
most cordially hope that, on the occasion of the gathering
at the London Tavern on Wednesday, the 14th March, such
assistance may be accorded to the funds of the Metropoli-
tan Free Hospital as may enable it to carry on and extend
its praise worthy operations.

THE POET SO UTHEY.—IIe was the very beau ideal
of a poet, singularly impressive, tall, somewhat
slight, slow in his movements, and very dignified in man-
ner, with the eye of a hawk, and with sharp features and
au aquiline nose, that carried the similitude somewhat
farther. His forehead was broad and high, his eyebrows
dark, his hair profuse and long, rapidly approaching white.
I can see vividly, even now, his graceful and winning
smile. To the commonest observer he was obviously a man
who had lived more with books than men, whose converse
had chiefly been with " the mighty minds of old," whose
"days," whose "thoughts," whose "hopes" were, as he
tells us they were, " with the dead !" In the few and brief
conversations I had with him he impressed me—as indeed

he did every person who was, even for an hour, his com-
panion—with the conviction that he elevated the profes-
sion of letters not only by knowledge acquired and distri-
buted, nut alone by tho wisdom of his career and the in-
tegrity of his life, but by manners unassuming and unex-
acting, and by a condescending gentleness of demeanour
that, if not humility in the common sense of the term,
arose out of generous consideration and large charity.—
Mr. and Mrs. C. Hall in the Art-Journal.

POLICE INTELLIGENCE—This Day.

----~

MARLBOROUGH-STREET.RESCUED PROM MISERY.—On the 25th ult. two boys,
Andrew Doen and John Ryan, aged, respectively, 17 and
19, were apprehended for begging in Coventry-street, by
Turner, one of the officers of the Mendicity Society, and
brought to this court. When before Mr. Knox both boys
expressed a wish for employment, and it turned out that
the first-named boy had only arrived in London five days
since from Staffordshire, and the other had been here five
weeks. At the suggestion of the society's chief officer, the
magistrate delivered the boys over to Turner and another
officer, who took them to the society's office in Red Lion-
square, where they were put to work, chopping wood, at
the society's mill. In the meantime the first-named boy
was assisted to communicate with his friends in the country.
who furnished him with the address of his brother at
Wandsworth, an inspector of sewers, who has supplied him
with respectable clothing and found him employment. The
boy has since been to the office and expressed himself in
particularly grateful terms for the kindness shown him.
The other boy is still employed by the society, and is exert-
ing himself to find some of his relatives in London, and it
is hoped that both these boys have been rescued from a
life of misery and degradation.