The Sun.
London, England, 1866-07-23 00:00:00

have formed an Association in New York, which
they term the Slavonic Brotherhood. They have
200,000 voters in the United- States, and have de-
tached themselves from the German element with
which they have hitherto been associated. Andrew
Johnson and W. H. Seward have been elected, and
have accepted honorary membership of the Brother-
hood. They intend to establish a newspaper, which
they recognise as an indispensable assistant, and
they proclaim that their objects are to direct their
people in a harmonious cause for their happiness
and agreement mentally, physically, and politically;
also to communicate with their friends abroad, and
to extend to them protection and facilities to emi-

grate.
1)r. Louis J. Czapkay has been appointed Con-
sul-General of the Danubian Principalities for the
United States, to reside at Bucharest. This office
has just been created for the protection of American
interests.in a country likely to be involved in the
European War, and to emerge from the contest as
an independent nation. Dr. Czapkay is a dis-
tinguished Ilungarian of noble family, exiled in
1849 for participation in the struggle against
Austria. He is an admirable scholar, speaking
a
fluently eight languages, and strongly imbued with
a love and admiration for the Republican institu-
tions of his adopted country. He will arrive at his
post to behold the deep humiliation of the House
of Hapsburg, and if revenge finds a place in his
bosom, he will have ample cause for rejoicing. He
amassed a fortune by the practice of his profession
in California, supported the Government in the
suppression of the rebellion, and was useful when
in England in dissuading a number of Poles from
emigrating to the South, where a scheme was on foot
to secure them as recruits for the rebel army.
The Philadelphia Inquirer returns to the frauds
practised under the supposed authority of Congress,
and, pending the action of the Committee having
charge of the subject, calls attention to another
species of fraud against the Postmaster-General's
Department. That official declares the franking
privilege to be a cover for many abuses. The in-
tention of Congress was to grant to public officers
the right to receive and forward communications on
public business through the mails. A story was told
years ago of members franking their old boots to
their families, to be mended by the district cobbler,
and returned to Washington. Another honourable
member is said to have franked his dirty clothes,
and received them back when washed and done up.
These were no doubt inventions intended to
satirize practices which had become scandalous.
The Postmaster-General refers to an instance of a
Senator's niece using the privilege freely, to a
member allowing patent agents to conduct their
correspondence under cover of his frank, and to a
clerk who had sold or leased the franking powers of
three members of Congress. It is a common evil
for members to authorise persons to use the franking
privilege in their names, and other members have
prepared fac-simile stamps which could be used by
others than themselves. The Postmaster-General's
communication—not a pleasant one to some of the
honourable members—was referred to the Commit-
tee on the Post-office and Post-roads, and it is to
be hoped that an end will be put to a growing and ,
disreputable system of petty fraud.
_ _

We lately mentioned that Colonel Sanderson
would proceed to Paris to take charge of a great
restaurant prior to the influx of his countrymen ex-

petted next year. But the directors of the Lang-
ham Hotel have intercepted the distinguished Nor-
thern officer, and placed him at the head of their
vast establishment. The shareholders may con-
gratulate themselves on this appointment. Not
only is the colonel a most popular man in America,
but he is well known to be the best caterer
the States have produced. The grand hotels
of London will do well to spread their nets for
the shoal of fish now crossing the Atlantic, and

the still larger shoals coming. A good name in
America should be the very first object with all of
them, and splendid as is the accommodation fur-
nished by these magnificent buildings, that fruitful
mine—our Transatlantic cousins will fill every one
of them that deserves to be filled. To manage
well such an hotel as the Langham requires no or-
dinary capacity, and in the management is the very
essence Of success or failure. The building is or-e
of the sights of London, and the mind shudders at
the bare idea of the waste involved in the failure
of such a concern. Nmericans are the most
valuable class for these hotels, because they
come to Europe with plenty of money and
spend it with open hand, and because they
flow in steady streams, careless of the seasons
and indifferent to the fashion, while their conve-
nience is suited, whether London be full or empty.
We can assure the shareholders of " the Langham"
that their directors have made a happy hit, and
that they will reap the benefit in their next year's
dividend. We may here add that Colonel Sander-
son was the officer selected by the United States'
Government to attend the Prince of Wales when
he paid a visit to the Union, and the Prince
acknowledged the colonel's services by the present
of a handsome watch.

A report has been published by the investigating
committee—Colonel Charles F. Johnson and Major
F. W. Gilbreth—on the causes, origin, and results
of the late riots at Memphis. These officers speak
very bitterly of the action of the authorities and
citizens, in proceedings which are a disgrace to
civilisation ; and, more bitterly still, of the class
by whom these riots were inaugurated and carried
out. The cause was a jealousy of feeling between
the low whites and blacks, who advanced rival
claims for superiority, though both are as degraded
as human beings can possibly be. The whites em-
ployed as police are taken from this class. The
feeling of hatred to the negro race has been fostered,
during the past year, by the more intelligent por-
tion of the community, and by inflammatory articles
in local newspapers. A special dislike on the part
of the city police existed against the coloured troops
long stationed at Memphis and recently discharged.
On the 30th April last four policemen met some
negroes and tuned them off the side-walk. A negro
stumbled and a policeman fell over him, when the
police attacked the negroes with pistols. On the
following day a crowd of coloured men assembled,
and were fired on by the police. The Recorder,
John C. Creighton, came up and counselled
the whites to arm and kill every negro.
The mob thus incited, assaulted with fire-
arms, and murdered and plundered their black fel-
low-citizens, continuing the attack on the 3d and 4th
of May. Every imaginable crime was committed—
women and children being shot in bed, houses fired,
and the inhabitants consumed within them. The
number of uegroes ascertained to be killed was over
30, about 50 wounded, and nearly $lOO,OOO worth
of property destroyed. The Mayor, Mr. John Park,
was excused for his gross neglect of duty on the
plea of intoxication. The Sheriff, Mr. P. M. Win-
ters, endeavoured to appease the mob, but the City
Recorder thwarted his efforts by a disgraceful
speech, in which he urged the citizens to arm,
organise, go through the district, and kill every
nigger. " Boys, I want you to go ahead and kill
every one of the nigger race, and burn up the
e
cradle." alepolice, instead of protecting persons and
property, acted as murderers
i deedssncen of nce.dia incendiaries, and
i
robbers, aiding the mob n their
No arrests were made, and a number of loyal resi-

dents of Memphis, who deprecated the riot, were
denominated " Yankees" and " Abolitionists," and
told emphatically that their presence there was un-
necessary. General Runkle, chief of the Freed-
men's Bureau, was helpless, not having an armed

force, and it was only by taking measures to pro-
tect his head-quarters that it was saved from being
burned down.

m iTsslileente\rvse,nitsys seidx report espaotrat
rodfayt efoEr
the
migrationye year
r C1806m5-,
shows that 209,801 persons emigrated from ports
of the United Kingdom. Of these 47.98 per cent.
were Irish, who formed 55.74 per cent. of the emi-
gration to the United States. The point most re-
markable in the report is the proof furnished how
steam has superseded sailing vessels in this passenger
traffic across the Atlantic. Upwards of seventy-
three per cent. embarked in steamers, though the
cost is from 30 to 50 per cent. higher, and the
whole number to British America was thus trans-
ported, no sailing vessel being chartered. The num-
ber of emigrants for the first quarter of the present
year was 39,672, 04 whom four-fifths went to the