The Sun.
London, England, 1832-06-07 00:00:00

FRENCH PAPERS.

The Moniteur contains a Royal Ordinance placing
the departments of the Maine et Loire, La Vendee, the
Loire Inferieure, and the Deux-Sevres under martial law,
It is founded upon the following report, addressed to the
King by the Minister of the Interior ;
" SlRE,—Since your Majesty ordered the three arron•

diNsements of Laval, Vitro, and Chateau Goutier to be
placed under m trtial law, a new fact, the presence of the
Duchess of 13,16 in the west, has been ascertained. Al-

though it may be in some measure consolatory that the
Duchess of Berri, on entering upon the soil of France in
contempt of the law of April 10, 1832, and making her
appearance in L's Vendee, as she did off Marseilles, has
only come to witness the ruin of the intrigues that
had been forming for exciting a civil war, the very
nature of this step, her usurpation of the title of Re-
gent, and the presence of the ex-Marshal Bour-
mont, who has issued orders to the chiefs of the
Chouan,, whom he promotes to be Commanders of Corps,
his proclamations and his correspondence, all impose upon
the Government the duty of resorting to extraordinary
measures fur better insuring the arrest of the Duchess, the
ex-Marshal and their adherents. It is necessary that the
Duchess should be met by all the powers of your constitu-
tional and national Government, arm,d with sufficient
farce to chain the madness of her projects. Four depart-
ments appear to form the circle within which the Duchess
of Beni has sought an asylum since her arrival in La
Vendee. Within the circle she must be surrounded, in
order that she may be captured. Activity in search, and
energy in the measures to be taken, require as an essential,
it being the only efficacious means for attaining this end,
that these four departments should be for a limited time
placed under martial law. In (orating the resolution to sub-
mit this measure to the approbation of your Majesty, we
.have not concealed from ourselves the importance of cir-
cumscribing the application of it to those facts alone
which arise from the special situation of these districts,
and so to regulate it that it may not interrupt the na-
,ural course of things within these departments where
they have no direct connexion with this counter-revolu-
tionary conspiracy, the attempts at insurrection and the
arrest of the Duchess. Consequently your Ministers of
Justice, of War, and the Interior, will send instructions
to this effect to the Procureur-Generaux, the Lieutenant-
Generals, and Prefects, whose attributions will be modified
by the ordinance for instituting martial law, merely so
'ar as relates to the insurrection which has been fomented
in this part of the kingdom. The only object is to render
tte search more active, and the repression more decided,
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give to the authorities greater means of action with
resources for hastening, by assuming a threatening
attitude, that terminatio❑ which justice, policy, and
every public and private interest so loudly called for.
To this end the Lieutenant-Generals, invested with
the supreme command of these divisions, are to re-
ceive full powers to mike arrests, to pronounce
sentences, and thus dispense with forms which
would be too tardy during a state of things so
entirely out of the ordinary course, that a principle of hu-
manity alone prescribes it as a duty for us to put an end
to it as soon as possible. In all other respects the ordi-
nary jurisdiction and administration will follow their re-
spective courses in these departments, wherever questions
relating to the troubles with which they are inflicted are not
involved. The judicial and administrative authorities will
constantly act in concert with the military authorities, at
the same time yielding to the latter all that is invested is
them by the establishment of martial law, for the avowed
purpose of repressing political disorder, and reserving their
accustomed jurisdictions in all cases, which have no con-
nexion with these disturbances. The instructions of your
Ministers on these points will be clear, positive, and un-
animous. The duration of this measure, Sire, will be
short. It will cease as soon as these districts shall no
longer be agitated by the presence of the Duchess of Berri,
who, after being met by the indignation of the people,
whom she has attempted to corrupt, must be subjected to
the justice of the Government, which is bound to avenge
the laws of the country, and fulfil the wishes of the na
tion, by which it was constituted.
(Signed)

MONTA F:T,

DEATH OF JEREMY BENTHAM.

Died yesterday, at his residence, in Queen-square-place,
Westminster, Jeremy Bentham, in his 85th year. During
the late unhealthy season he had been subject to repeated
attacks of bronchitis, but he had recovered from the first
severe attacks with so much vigour, that it was conai-
dered by many that he would return to his former health,
and he again received the visits of distinguished foreigners
and of public men with whom he was in the habit of
friendly intercourse, and it was believed that he would
have been able to continue his labours for several years to
come. Several days ago he had taken up the portion of his
manuscripts for the third volume of his unpublished con-
stitutional code, which is reputed by jurists, who are
acquainted with its progress, to be one of the most valu-
able of his productions, as it contains the principal for
the formation of a judicial establishment and a code of
procedure. Another attack of his disorder, however,
arrested his labours for ever. His death was singularly
tranquil. Only a portion of his works have been printed;
and of those printed, some of which have been spoken of
by eminent me❑ as the most valuable, such as the "Essay
o❑ Judicial Establishments," have never in reality been
published. Repeated proposals have been made to pub-
lish a complete edition of his works. A few weeks
ago the Prince Talleyrand, who at all times, in com-
mon with the leading spirits of the age, has professed
his high admiration of the author, made proposals to
get a complete edition of all his works in French pub-
lished in Paris. A short time before his death he had
projected a new work on language, and one on mathema-
tics. Amongst the unpublished works is ose on the use
of language, with a view to the giving certainty to the ex-
pression of the will of the legislature. Some, if not all, of
these works, will, it is expected, be edited by gentlemen
well conversant with the branches of science and art to
which the works relate, and will at some future time be
made public, in a complete and uniform shape. Besides
those which were edited by the late Dl. Dumont, others of
his works, which are little known in England, have great
reputation on the continent of Europe, and in North and
South America. Mr. Bentham was a bencher of Lin-
coln's Inn, and was the father of the Bar. In conformity
with the desire of his father, be practised for a shot t time
in equity, and was immediately remarked for the ability
he displayed ; but the death of his father hft him with a
moderate fortune, and the free choice of his course of life,
when he immediately abandoned all prospects of profes-
sional emolument and honours, and devoted the whole of
his subsequent life to those labours, which, he believed,
would produce the greatest happiness to his fellow. crea •
tures. His extreme benevolence, and cheerfulness of dis-
position, are highly spoken of by all who had the honour
to be admitted to his society, which was much sought
after ; and also by his domestics, and by his neighbours
who were acquainted with his habits. The news of the
Reform Bill having been carried greatly cheered his last
hours. He has, we are informed, bequeathed his body to
his medical friend, Dr. Southwood Smith, with a charge
that he shall use it in an anatomical school for dissection,
in illustration of a course of lectures.