The Sun.
London, England, 1866-08-27 00:00:00

THE SUN, LONDON, MONDAY EVENING, AUGUST 27, 1866.

THE WELLINGTON, ST. JAMES'S-STREET
(Entrance 160, Piccadilly).
Set Dinners as usual. The carte varied, choice, and mode-
rate. Turtle, thick and clear, always ready.
The Billiard Booms now conducted by J. Roberts, the
champion.
• Suppers until One a.m.
Elegant Saloon Dining Rooms for Ladies.

T " 0 X F 0 it D,
6, OXFORD-STREET, W.
The Oxford and Canterbury Hall Company (Limitedl,
EXTRA NOVELTIES. Operatic Selections performed
by Misses Russell, Barry,,Fitzlienry ; Messrs. A. St. Albyn,
Hush, Bury, Dalton, and Tivoli, with full band and chorus,
conducted by Mr. F. JONGIIMANS.
Comedy, Burlesque, Gymnastic, and other performances,
by all the most talented Foreign and English artistes.
Messrs. Duriah and Davies in their Nigcrer eccentricities.
All Excursionists to London should pay a visit to this estab-
lishment
'

Admission—Area, 6d. ; stalls and balcony, is ; private
boxes, with separate entrance, 10s. 6d.
Open every evening at 8.
Engagement of the talented JULIETTI and JULIA
DELEPIERRE. Violinists to all the Northern Courts, aged
respectively nine and thirteen years. Mdlle. Juliette will
also perform a Fantasia on her extraordinary instrument
called the Xilophone, composed of Bois et Faille. They will
appear Every Evening at Nine and half-past Ten'o'clock.

11T ESTO N' S GRAND MUSIC HALL,
HOLBORN.
Open at Half-past Seven, under New Management.
Proprietors—Messrs. Sweasey and Holland.
Two of the Grandest Selections ever performed, ROB ROY
and MACBETH, every evening, by 50 vocalists and a superb
band of 30 performers, conducted by P. Corri.
ARTHUR LLOYD'S new swigs are nightly received with
deafening rounds of applause -JOLLY NASH, the mirthful
—WEST, the Great Stump Orator—and EMMA WEST,
Serio-Comic and Burlesque Actress—LYDlA HOWARD, the
Smallest Actress in the World, only 25 inches high and two
and a half years of age— MORATORI.O and LE BRONG, the
renowned Trapezists—and M. PIERROT, the Wonder of
Wonders. •
Boa-office open from 10 to 4.

*** Sweasey and Holland's STAR MINSTRELS, sixteen
in number, will shortly appear.

IiVIADAME TUSSAUD'S EXHIBITION,
BAKER-STREET.

NEW EDI LIONS.—A MAR,RIAGIS GROUP of their
Royal Highnesses the PRINCESS HELENA and PRINCE
CHRISTIAN ; also a variety of COURT DRESSES of the
most magnificent and costly description. Several life-size
Portrait Models of the most distinguished Men of the Day
are likewise to be seen.

Admittance, 18. ; children, under ten, half-price ; extra
rooms, 6d.
Open from 11 a tn. till 10 p.m.

PR IN TING. —TO PROPRIETORS OF
NEWSPAPERS, PERIODICALS, &c.—The Print-
ing and Machining of Newspapers, &c., done on exceed-
ingly favourable terms. Use of Editorial and Publishing
Offices, if required. Estimates forwarded on receipt of
particulars, with stamped directed envelope for reply.
Address—The Manager "Sun" Printing Offices, 3, Church-
row, Savoy, Strand, W.C.

LIEBIG'S EXTRACT of MEAT, for the im-
mediate production of Beet Tea, Soups, and Gravies,
manufactured on the establishment of Robert Tooth, Esq., of
Sydney, Australia, may now be obtained of the consignees,
ALLEN and HAN BURYS, Plough-court, Lombard-street,
London. This Extract contains the soluble constituents of
thirty times its weight of fresh meat; it is nutritious, con-
venient, economical, unaltered by time or climate. Two oz.
pots, 2s. 6d. ; halt-pound jars, 9s. 6d.; one pound jars, 18s.

THE CULTIVATION of TEA in the East
1 Indies is an important feature, and the EAST INDI
TEA. COMPANY have, on account of its great strength and
exquisite flavour, promoted its site by every means. The
Company are now selling Assam, Cachar, Darjeeling, &c., at
the reduced duty—viz., front 2s. Bd. to 3s. Bd. per ib , and
China Teas as usual at Is. 4d. per lb. and upwards. —Ware-
houses, No. 9, Great St. Helen's-churchyard, Bishopsgate.

FALKNER'S OLD IRISH WHISKY, " Real
Malt," 19s. per zillion, is sold in bottles and jars, bear-
ing his label and trade mark. Most liberal terms are offered
to the trade for the sale of this zenaine old spirit, winch is
coming into universal consumption through England.
For price lists apply at Offices, 14, Strand, London, W.C.
Established in Grafton-street, Dublin, A.D. 1780.

JAMES DALY and CO., Distillers, John-street,
Cork.—" The purest spirit and safest drink in the
world."—Loudon Offices, 7, Printing-house-square, E.C.,
next the " Times."

TAMES DALY and CO., Distillers, John-street,
e Cork, be: to announce that they Ere able to supply the
trade with their celebrated Whiskies, in casks or cases, and
to take orders in bond at d for exportation, at their offices. 7,
Printing-house-square, London, E C , the only house in the
square not occup;ed by the " Timr s." J. D. and Co.'s whiskies
brim! the highest prices in the Australian and other Colonial
markets, as may be observed by reverence to the "Journal of
Commerce of Victoria," by which it will be seen that their
whiskies fetch 6d. per gallon and Is. per case over the next
best, and Is. 6d per gallon and 58. 6J. a case over the lowest
quotation. Always on hand a large supply of ve y old
mellow whisky in the finest condition, matured in sherry
casks, unsurpassable in quality and flavour, supplied on the
most reasonable terms.
I.IYAM & CO.

JJYAM & CO., 66 and 67, Oxford-street, London.

JJYAM & CO.'S Tweed Over Coats.

HYAM & CO.'S Silk-faced Over Coats.

11YAM & CO.'S Suits.

HYAM & CO.'S Morning Coats.

}JYAM & CO.'S Sandringham Surtouts.

HYAM & CO.'S Trousers.

HYAM & CO.'S Fancy and Washing Vests.

JJYAM & Co.'s Hosiery, Hats, Caps, &c.

HYMI & CO.'S Ladies' Riding Habits.

HYAM & CO.'S Servants' Liveries.

HYAM & Co's ATTIRE for GENTLEMEN,
66 and 67, Oxford Street, London.
Hyam and Co's Summer Overcoats
Hyam and Co's Summer Suits
Hyam and Co's Summer Silk-faced Capes 255. to 455.
Hyam and Co's Summer Jackets
Hyam and Co"s Summer Dress Coats 3os. to 635.
Hyam and Co's Summer Frock Coats 3os. to 70s.
Hyam and Co's Summer Vests 6s. to 14s.
Hyam and Co's Summer Trousers
---

HYAM & Co.'s BOYS' SUMMER
CLOTHING, 66 and 67, Oxford Street, London.
The First Establishment in the Kingdom for Juvenile

Clothing.
Boys' Knickerbocker Suits lss. to 355.
Boys' Westminster and Osborne Suits lss. to 355.
Bbys' Eaton, Harrow, and Rugby Suits 2ss. to 425.
Boys' Light Cape Overcoats
Boys' Jackets for the season
Boys' Serviceable Vests
Boys' Serviceable Trousers Bs. to 14s.

HYAM and Co.'s SELECT DEPARTMENTS.
No. 1. Gentlemen's Clothing for immediate wear.
„ 2. Bespoke or Order Department.
„ 3. Boys' and Youths' Distinct Department.
„ 4. Hats, Caps, Hosiery, and Outfit Department.

HYAM AND CO.'S ESTABLISHMENTS.
LONDON-6G and 67, Oxford-street;
BIRMINGHAM-21, 22, and 23, New-street;
LEEDS-42, Briggate ;
DEWSBURY—Westgate.

HOMELESS BOYS OF LONDON.-FUNDS
are earnestly solicited for fitting up the TRAINING
SHIP. £2,(100 required.
WM. WILLIAMS, Secretary.
Boys' Refuge, 8, Great Queen-street, W.C.

OMELESS BOYS OF LONDON.—CON-
TRIBUTIONS ale earnestly solicited for estabiishing
the COUNTRY HOME. £l,OOO required.
WM. WILLIA.IIIB, Secretary.
Boys' Refuge, 8, Great Queen-street. W.C,

HOMELESS BOYS OF LONDON.—The
Committee are most anxious to provide for 400 boys.
One hundred and fifty are now in the Refuge. The annual
expenditure for supporting the 400 boys is estimated at
£6,000, being £l5 a year for each boy. Several kind friends
have promised to pay for one bay each year.
Subscriptions thankfully received by the London and West-
minster Bank, 41, Lothbury, and 214, High Holborn; Messrs.
Ransom and Co., 1, Pall-Mall East; and by
WM. WILLIAMS, Secretary.
Refuge, 8, Great Queen-street, W.(.1

PROVIDENCE ROW NIGHT REFUGE)
FOR
HOMELESS WOMEN AND CHILDREN,
14A, Providence-row, Finsbury, E.C.
Sixty Thousand Nights' Lodgings, with Suppers and
Breakfasts, have been given in this Institution to the
destitute, who otherwise would have had to pass the
nights in the bleak streets or under railway arches.
At present nearly 500 Nights' Lodgings, with Suppers and
Breakfasts, are giv(in gratuitously every week. The poor
from all parts are admitted, the only condition being that
they are homeless and starving. Tho Manager &c.,
receives no remuneration whatever. Notwithstand-
ing the provision made by the Poor Houses, each
night numbers of young women, children, and orphans
are, for want accommodation, refused admittance, and have
to spend night after night in the cold, wet, and sleet. To
meet this evil, and to provide more ample accommoda-
tion, £2,000 has been raised, but to accomplish the
work a sum of at least £l,OOO more will be required.
Besides providing shelter for the homeless, this year it
is proposed, as far as the donations obtained for the pur-
pose will allow, to give bread and coals to poor families
in want. Will you, in your charity, help to carry on and
accomplish what has been begun ? Will you help to give
shelter to the really homeless, and food to the really
starving ? Tho smallest donation will bo most welcome,
and, night and morning, the prayers of the destitute will
be offered in your behalf.
SUBSCRIPTIONS are earnestly requested, and will be
gratefully received by tho liov. D. GILBERT D.II N 0,1,22,
E.V.l'iustiur -circus,

OHN GOSNELL and CO.'S CHERRY
TOOTH PASTIC is greatly superior to any tooth
powder; gives the teeth a pearl whiteness, protects the
enamel from decay, and imparts a pleasant fragrance to
the breath. Price is. 6d.—Red Bull Wharf, 93, Upper
Thames-street, London.

ri RAND GALA DAY AT ROSHERVILLE.
On WEDNESDAY, August 29, a Special Cheap
Excursion to Gravesend and back. Fare from Charing
cross—Return ticket, ls. 6d., 25., and 2s. 11d. Late train
from Gravesend, 11.30 p.m. Annual benefit of Mr. J.
SEATON, Master of the Ceremonies, with extraordinary
attractions, and a brilliant display of fireworks.

MR. W. T. WRIGHTON'S POPULAR
BALLADS. " The Music of her Voice," ballad
by, the composer and author of "Her Bright Smile Haunts
Me Still." -2s. 6d., free by post for 16 stamps.
The Two New Ballads--" They Tell Me 1 am quite
Forgot, 35.; "Grieve not for me," 3s. By W. T.
WRIOJITON. Each free for 19 stamps.
"Two crowning blossoms to the garland of songs, ho
has already composed. . . Worthy successors of
' Her bright smile haunts me still,"' &c.—London Jour-
nal, July 2..8:

L
Mr.-Wrighton has attained reputation both as a com-
poser and a singing-master. The gracefulness of his
melodies and the purity and propriety of the poetry of all
his songs particularly recommend them to the attention of
parents and teachers for use in the most select families."
"Mr. Wrighton is, pax excellence, the ballad music
writer of the day. His name is a guarantee for beautiful
music."—Court Circular.

London : Robert Cocks and Co.. New Burlington-st., W.

KEATIN G'S PERSIAN INSECT DESTROY-
ING POWDER.

This Powder is quite harmless to animal life, but is un-
rivalled in destroying Fleas, Bugs, Flies, Cockroaches,
Beetles, Gnats, Mosquitos. Moths in furs, and every other
species of Insect. Sportsmen will fled this an invaluable
remedy for destroying, Pleas in their Dogs, as also Ladies
for their Pet Dogs, Being,ithe Original Importer of this
now invaluable article, ~has found so gnat a sale that
it has tempted others to vend a so-called article, the Public
are therefore cautioned to observe that the Packets of the
Genuine Powder bear the autograph of Thomas Keating.—
Sold in Parke's, is., 2e. 6d., and 4s. 6d. each ; or is Packets,
free by post, for 12 Postage Stamt,s, and 2s. 6d. on receipt of
36 Also in Bottles with Bellows is. 6d. and 3s. each, by
THOMAS KEA.TING, Chemist, 79, ST. PAUL'S CHURCH-
YARD, LONDON, E.C.

GREAT WESTERN RAILWAY.—
THROUGH COMMUNICATION with IRE-
LAND.—The Great Western Railway Company give
Notice that Passengers can now be booked through be-
tween—
LONDON,
Bath, Birmingham,
Cheltenham, Gloucester,
Reading, Oxford,
HEREFORD,
and other principal Stations on their System, and
KINGSTOWN and DUBLIN
Via Shrewsbury, Wrexham, Chester, and Holyhead.
Single Tickets to Kingstown are available for the day
of issue and the following day, and the Return Tickets (to
Kingstown) for ONE MONTH, entitling the holder to break
the journey at Birmingham, Shrewsbury, Chester Con-
way, Bangor, Holyhead, and Dublin. The Tickets to
Dublin entitle the holders to break the journey at Chester
or ONDON
Holvhaad. Passengers are also booked through ,
be-
tween--BIRMINGHAM,
and the following Stations on the Midland Great Western
Railway of Ireland, via Kingston or Dublin (North Wall)—
Athenry, Athlone,
Balyhannis,
BallTmote, Boyle,
Carrick-on-Shannon, Castlebar,
Castlerea, Cavan,
Claremorris, Galway,
Longford, Mullingar,
Roscommon, Sligo,
Tuam, Westport,
And the following Stations on the Great Southern and
Western, and WaterfordL and
LARNEY, Lirrierick Railways :
KI
Athlone, Athy,
Carlow, CORK, Clonmel,
Fermoy, Kilkenny,
Limerick Junction, Limerick,
Mallow, Maryborough,
Nenagh, Parsonstown,
Portarlington, Roscrea7
Templomoro, Thurles,
Tipperary, T ralee,
Tullamore, Waterford.
Passengers travelling to Kingstown, or Stations in the
interior of Ireland via Kingstown, are conveyed by the
MAIL PACKETS between Holyhead and Kingstown—
the sea passage is performed in about 31 hours.
The Single Tickets via KINGSTOWN are available for
FIVE DAYS, and the Return Tickets for ONE MONTH, en-
titling the holders to break the journey at Birmingham,
Shrewsbury, Chester, Bangor, Conway, Holyhead, and
Dublin.
The Single Tickets via Dublin (North Wall) are avail-
able for Five Days, and the Return Tickets for One Month,
and permit the holders to break the journey at Chester,
Holyhead, or Dublin.
For Service of Trains, Faros, and other information, see
the Company's published Time Bills.
J. GRIERSON, General Manager.
Paddington Station; August, 1866.

GREAT WESTERN RAILWAY._
THROUGH COMMUNICATION with IRE-
LAND via MILFORD HAVEN and WATERFORD.
Passengers are booked through between—
LONDON,
BRISTOL,
Carmarthen,Cardiff,
Gloucester, Cheltenham,
Merthyr, Llanelly,
Neath, Pewport,
Oxford, Reading,
SWANSEA,
And the undermentioned Stations on the Waterford and
Limerick and Waterford and Kilkenny Railways, viz.—
Cahir, Clonmel,
Kilkenny, Limerick Junction,
Limerick, Tipperary.
The Single Journey Tickets aro available for FITE
DAYS with the privilege of breaking the journey at either
Gloucester or New Milford, and Waterford or Clonmel,zs
also at Cahir and Tipperary.
The Return Tickets are available for ONE MONTH, and
entitle the holders to break the journey at many places of
interest on the route both going and returning.
For Service of Trains, Fares, and other information, see
the Company's published Time Bills.
GRIERSON, General Manager.
Paddington Station, August, 1866.

GREAT WESTERN RAILWAY.
THROUGH COMMUNICATION with IRELAND
via HOLYHEAD and KINGSTOWN or MILFORD
HAVEN and WATERFORD.
TOURIST TICKETS.
ODOR THE
LAKES KILLARNEY,
AVAILABLE FOR ONE MONTH.
Aro now issu©d at

London, Oxford,
Birmingham, Gloucester,
Hereford, Worcester,
Bath, Bristol,
And other principal Stations on the Great Western
Railway. . . .

The Tickets via Holyhead and Kingstown are available
by the Irish Mail Trains between Chester and Holyhead,
and by the Mail Packets between Holyhead and Kings-
town, and entitle the holders to remain as long as conve-
nient to themselves at Chester, Bangor, Holyhead, Dublin,
Limerick Junction, Mallow, Cork and Killarney, provided
they return to the Station in England at which they took
their Tickets not later than One Calendar Month from the
date of their departure therefrom. Tho Tickets via Mil-
ford entitle the holders to break the journey at various
places of attraction on the Great Western Railway, as also
at Waterford, Tipperary, Limerick Junction, or Mallow,
either going or returning ; but the Waterford and Killar-
ney portion of the route must be performed within Thirteen
Days from the date of departure from Waterford.
Tourist Tickets are also issued to Dublin (North Wall)
from all the principal Stations on the Great Western Rail-
way, entitling the holders to break the journey at any Sta-
tion between Shrewsbury and Chester inclusive, and also
at any Station on the Chester and Holyhead Line, both
going and returning.
Tourist Tickets for the Connemara Tours are issued at
London and Birmingham.
For Fares and other particulars see Tourist Programme,
to be obtained at any of the Company's Stations or Offices.
J. GRIERSON, General Manager.
August, 180.

LONDON AND NORTH-WESTERN
RAILWAY.—MARCUS'S SUMMER lEXC UR-
SIONS from Euston-square, Clapham Junction, Battersea,
Chelsea, Kensington, and Chalk-farm Stations, on
SATSUep. SATURDAY,
4,
Y,Sept. Ist, (Grand Eisteddford, at Chester,
on 5,
6, and 7th) to LIVERPOOL, Man-
chester,Wellington, Newport, Oswestry, elshpool, Lancaster,
Chester, Bangor, Conway,Rhyl, Shrewsbury,
.
Preston, 'Wigan, Bolton, Warrington, Birkenhead, Stock-
port, Stafford, Huddersfield, Buxton, Trent Valley
stations ; and from Euston only, to Leeds, Bradford,
Derby, Nottingham, Sheffield, and several other
stations on the Midland Railway. Returning Sept. sth.
Tickets and bills may be obtained at the above Stations ;
at the Company's Branch Coach Office ; at the Euston-
square Station (on day of departure) or of
HENRY R. MARCUS, Agent.
No. 22, Crosby Hall-chambers, Bishops-
gate-street, City, E.C.

T.ONDON AND NORTH-WESTERN
ILI RAILWAY.—MARCUS'S SUMMER EXCUR-
SION from Euston-square, Clapham Junction, Battersea,
Chelsea, Kensington, and Chalk-farm Station, on MON-
DAY, Sept. 3d, returning Sept. sth, as per bill, toRUGBY,
LEAMINGTON. KENILWORTH, Coventry, Birming-
ham, South Stafford, or Stour Valley Stations, and Wol-
verhampton.—ll. R. Marcus, 22, Crosby Hall-chambers,
l3ishopsgate, City, E.C.

-Ell M. REILLY AND CO.,
GUN AND RIFLE MANUFACTURERS,
LO2, New Oxford-street, London,
Have always an Extensive Assortment of MUZZLE and
BREECH-LOADING GUNS, on the most at•proved sys-
tems, from £lO Ws. upwards. Improved " CENTRAL
FIRE" BKEECII-LOADERS, in cases complete, from 25
guineas. Cartridge Cases from 30s. per 1,000. Several first-
class Second-hard Muzzle and Breech-loadinv Guus at mo-
derate prices. Revolvers, Air Canes, &e. Double Rifles for
Africa, India, &c., from 12 guineas.

THE BIRMINGHAM DOG SHOW.--The seventh annual
exhibition of sporting and other dogs will be hold in the
Curzon Exhibition Hall, Suffolk-street, on Monday, Tues-
day, Wednesday, and Thursday, December 3,4, 5, and 6,
being on the same days as the cattle and poultry shows.
The prize-list has been issued, and can be obtained of the
iseGrotttry, Mr.Q.NrgeDooull, 41, Tompie-r9w, Birminglianx.

SPIRIT OF THEIWBLIC JOURNALS.

THE SPECTATOR'S DELIGHTFUL BANTER, ON MR.
CHARLES KINGSLEY'S NEW CREED.—"Mr. Eyre is
so noble, brave, and chivalric a man, so undaunted
a servant of the Crown, so illustrious as an explorer
in Australia, and a saviour of society in the West
Indies, that Peers, actually Peers—my soul sinks
with awe as I repeat Peers—members of the sacred'
order, which represents chivalry, which adopts into
its ranks all genius, all talent, all virtue, and all
beauty, condescend, not indeed to give him a dinner
—that would be too much—but to dine in the same
room with him." Only imagine Charles Kingsley,
apostle of muscular Christianity, author of
Yeast, of Alton Locke, of the only song ever
likely to be used as an agricultural Marseillaise,
saying a speech which will condense into
that at a public dinner, with reporters present
So odd is the explosion of flunkeyism, so utterly out
of accord with the whole character of the man, yet
so evidently genuine, that it is almost impossible to
discuss it seriously, or animadvert on it with the :
scorn it so thorougly deserves. Such a speech is one
of those surprises which provoke only a faintly
amused laughter ; it is like a bad pun, mirthful only
because of an absurd incongruity. That Mr. Kingsley
should admire and defend Mr. Eyre we can uner-
' etand, can, we think, explain as a natural develop-
ment of his mind, but that he should go on his knees
to the peerage, declare the Red Book " sacred"—he,
the Christian socialist—an institution " second in
sacredness to that most sacred of institutions, mon-
archy, "and consequently more sacred than the Church
—was there ever a funnier little window opened in
a man's mind ? 'The speaker is, be itAmembered,
no sycophant of all above him, no genitiler of pro-
positions. He has risked his professional advance-
ment to defend a view of Providence too clement
for the majority of his brethren_, has denounced
squires of whom the Peers are chief in language
of ringing eloquence, has pleaded the cause of
Chartists, and poachers, and buccaneers, and other
non-respectable classes, and all this while he was in
the depths of his heart worshipping the Peers, mak-
ing the attainment of the peerage the highest reward
of the "English spirit" which has made us " fathers
of the United States and conquerors of India." He
who has written so lovingly of the heroes of the
world has had for his own any being entitled to wear
a coronet ! He is a historian, and yet he tells the peers
that they adopt into their ranks all genius, as if the
peerage had ever been given to a great poet or scientific
discoverer, to a Shakspere or Newton ; all talent,
as if any talent useful to man rather than govern-
ments were ever officially recognised ; all virtue, as
if in our whole history a man had ever received a
coronet for virtue of any kind ; and all beauty, as
if it were an act of self-denial on the part of the
richest class to pick out the prettiest women they
can find, as they pick out the finest pictures, and
the choicest wines. How can we -wonder, when we
hear such things from such a man, that the British
bourgeois, who did not conceive Tom Thurnall, and
to whom Tregarva would be merely a gamekeeper
with a tendency to prolixity, should think a
vote well rewarded by a Peer's nod, should
deem the verdict of society more important
than that of either his countrymen, his conscience,
or his God ? When poets put on plush why should
meaner souls despise tags? When muscular Chris-
tians speak with 'bated breath and whispering
humbleness in the awful presence of the British
Peer, why should not feeble indifferentists lick the
dust from peerage boots ? The truth is, we sup-
pose, that by some strange twist in his mind, some
accidental association, some quaint exercise of his
idealism, Mr. Kingsley has really come to regard
chivalry and the peerage as synonymous, to believe
that big squires with labels on them are full of
pluck, and gallantry, and fair play, and so to re-
verence them, till he feels as men in the Crusades
felt towards those who had suffered to deliver the
Holy Land. We have nothing to say, except that
it is an odd manifestation of the poetic spirit, and
one very liable to be misunderstood by the public.
A woman idealising a curate into an apostle, is
sometimes a touchinc, as well as a melancholy spec-
tacle, but a poet idealising a peer into a " sacred
being 1"
TIMES.—The conditions of the Treaty of Peace
which was signed at Prague on Thursday evening
last between the Plenipotentiaries of Prussia and
Austria have not yet been made public, as they await
the ratifications of their respective Courts. We have,
however, every reason to believe that the fourteen
main articles of the Treaty are almost identical with
the original terms of the preliminaries of Nikols-
burg, as nothing whatever has occurred since the
armistice to alter the position of • the contracting
Powers. A " Seven Days' War," as the late strug-
gle for supremacy in Germany has been designated,
has been followed by almost as rapid a pacification ;
but we must not forget how long the causes which
led to the conflict have been at work, nor do we
know how far we may look for the end even of its
direct and immediate consequences. The contest
was for supremacy in Germany—a supremacy which
nominally and by right was vested in the Bund, but
for which three Powers have for the last half cen-
tury contended Austria, Prussia, and that cluster
of minor States which, in all matters on which dis-
sensions arose between the two rival monarchies,
had only to be unanimous to be sure of a casting
vote in the Diet. Three years ago the minor States
had the upper hand, for the convulsions of 1848 had
identified the cause of the Fatherland with the affairs
of Schleswig-llolstein, and the Danish succession
afforded a pretext for taking up that quarrel where
the Treaty of London had left it. The minor States
drove the Bund to a war with Denmark, but the
forces of the Bund were unceremoniously thrust
aside. Austria and Prussia took the enterprise upon
themselves, and that invasion of the Elbe Duchies,
by which the Bund hoped to raise its authority and
that of the small States above that of the two great
Powers ended, on the contrary, by laying the whole
nation in utter prostration at their feet. Austria
and Prussia, by fighting Denmark, had conquered
Germany ; but it was far easier for them to
share the spoils of the Dane than to establish a
joint rule over the German. The division of the
booty was made the test for national supremacy.
The question was referred to the Bund. The Bund
took the vote of the minor States. All, or very
nearly all of them, pronounced in favour of Austria.
For the first time since the creation of the German
Confederacy two of its constituting Powers were
against the third. The odds were two to one against
Prussia. Yet Prussia had the best of it. Nobody
could have foreseen that a kingdom of 19,000,000
souls, with an army of 500,000 combatants, would
defeat an empire of 36,000,000, whose forces were
computed at 900,000 men, and in whose behalf
auxiliaries, making up at least 12,000,000 of people,
brought 200,000 additional troops ,into the field;
for the diversion made by Italy in favour of Prussia
would, it was thought, hardly counterbalance
the powerful aid which such States as Hanover,
Saxony, Bavaria, and Wurtemburg could have lent
Austria. Somehow or other, however, Austria did
nothing but blunder, both politically and strategi-
cally ; while unity of purpose, clearness of plan, and
rapidity of action, added to a superior organisation
and a more efficient armament, gave Prussia a speedy
and most complete victory. The question of Ger-
man supremacy is so far solved that Austria with-
draws from all control over Germany, the Bund has
ceased to exist, and the minor States are either ab-
sorbed or compelled to sue singly for such terms as
Prussia may please to dictate. It is evident, how-
ever, that the fortune of war has only settled the
military question. Prussia has obtained the full
power to dispose of Germany at her own free will,
but she has not yet done anything that may be
looked upon as decisive and permanent as to the
destinies of the country. Hanover, Hesse, and all
the territory as far as the Maine, have been made
one with Prussia by a Bill of Annexation,
to which the Berlin Parliament will soon give
the force of law. But a crowd of minor Northern
princes, together with the Sovereigns of Saxony,
Bavaria, IVurtemburg, Darmstadt, Baden, and all
the South, are placed in a variety of anomalous po-
sitions ; some of them are in a state of vassalage,
others in a condition of precarious independence,
but all of them have been so stripped, mulcted, and
humbled, that between them and Prussia there
can scarcely ever be anything but implacable, how-
. ever smothered, enmity. It is plainly a case of
" scotched, not killed ;" and though the material
and moral might of Prussia at the head of all the
North may be such as to preclude the possibility of
open resistance on the part of the foes she has been
willing to spare, still it is difficult to foresee the
[ amount of trouble their combined illwill may give
her, were she ever to be involved in seri.ouscom-
plications with any of her powerful neighbours.
The old enemies of Germany, if bent on mischief,
• will always know where to find her vulnerable side.
They will know how-to set one partsucceededin of the countrythey
against the other as easily as
L doing in so many former years. If, however, the
work of Prussia is not as yet complete, if, indeed, it
• must be avowed that either too much or too little
has been done, there is no reason to suppose that
• matters will stop where they are, and that the ar-
rangements to which the Peace of Prague and the
various treaties with the minor States have led will

PRICE.... 4d.
STAMPED sd.

be considered perfectly permanent. There was
from the beginning at the bottom of the whole
movement something stronger than either the Prus-
sian or the Austrian Government, something more
unanimous than the minor Princes and the helpless
Bund, and that was the German people. The people
have not spoken yet, and the question will soon be
laid before its final arbitrament. Baffled by the
Court, thwarted by his party, worried by foreign
remonstrances, Count Bismark has one great trump
card still to play. Ile has yet to see what a Na-
tional German Parliament will do for him. Laid
before such an Assembly, the cause of the minor
German States will have a worse chance than in a
Cabinet of diplomatists, were the man at the head of
the Council table even such an " iron man" as
Count Bismark. Possibly the people of Saxony,
those of Bavaria and NVurtemberg, will not be called
upon to send their Deputies to the N ational As-
sembly. But an Assembly that speaks in the name of
thirty millions of Germans cannot fail to be heard
from one end to the other of the Fatherland, and the
mere mortification of seeing themselves excluded
from the Congress of their brethren will put any
harmony between the subjects of the minor Princes
and their rulers altogether out of the question.
What hold of the public ear the little local Parlia-
ments sitting at Dresden or Munich or Stuttgart
may have when the voice of great orators thunders
from the national tribune it is not difficult to under-
stand. Indeed, even the Berlin Legislature, so long
as it only represents Prussia and the annexed pro-
vinces, will sink into insignificance by the side of
the larger deliberative body to which it is about to
give birth. What the deliberations of a German
Parliament under the direction of Count Bismark
may lead to we shall soon learn. But there is no
doubt in the meantime that a great task is before
that Assembly. Count Bismark's work as it is can-
not stand ; it is not meant to stand. There are
things which, bold and enterprising as he is, he
could not achieve single-handed. But Germany has
36 millions of people, and he may trust, perhaps,
that he will find an auxiliary in every one of them.
THE " ANGLO-AMERICAN TIMES." England
is the country of panics—Financial panics, In-
vasion panics, Garotting panics, and Cholera
panics. Our legislation fosters and invites
panics. We inaugurate a law which bases our cur-
rency on an exploded delusion, and see one com-
mercial panic follow another with growing quick-
ness and appalling effects. We organise our
defensive system on a plan so loose and ill-jointed
that, painfully aware of its defects, any great mili-
tary achievement on the Continent is followed by a
deep-seated alarm for our own s4fety. The Pall-
Mall Gazette has led the way in pointing out the
defects of our defensive forces. In this it has
touched a chord which vibrates strongly in the
heart of the nation, and produced an immediate
effect. England knows that she is not loved on the
Continent. She knows that nowhere else in the
world is there gathered together such tempting
booty. She has seen that, however great are the
resources of a country—if ill-prepared for imme-
diate action—a few days may settle its fate, and
that the very resources on which she relied may be
only a means of strengthening the hands of
a conqueror. Recent events have proved that
moral obligations weigh little with nations against
material gains, and the country is aware that it may
become the object of attack of a powerful Conti-
nental combination. A new invention might at
any time bridge the Channel for an enemy, and she
has lately been looking on with considerable uneasiness
into her means of opposing a hostile force on her
own shores. The force at the disposal of England
consists of three distinct organisations—the itegu-
lars, the Militia, and the Volunteers. The regular
army being scattered over the globe, would not be
available to oppose an enemy landed in any spot of
the Empire. It might be considered more as a
military school to organise and lead the inhabitants
than as an efficient instrument of protection. In
this manner its services might be made of incalcu-
lable advantage. But all our departments are so
tied up with red tape, or the system is so exclusive,
that nothing but an overwhelming sense of danger
will lead to the measures necessary to amalgamate
and effectually organise the raw material at hand
into a field force capable of opposing a highly-
trained European enemy. The Militia is the best
instrument we possess ; and, if better trained and
more generally completed in appointments for field
service, would quickly become a formidable force.
The necessary legal machinery is already in existence.
The men can be compelled to serve, and while em-
bodied work under a military code which makes •
them amenable to military laws. After a short ser-
vice under an able commander, the regiments
could scarcely be distinguished from the best troops
of the Line. The tendency is, however, to allow
these regiments, when disembodied, to lose the
organisation which brought them up to so high a
standard. No trouble is taken to keep up the
training either of the officers or non-commissioned
officers ; and, generally, the command is in the
hands of some magnate of the county who knows
nothing whatever of military matters. A sudden
call would bring together but a loose and disorderly
force,—unaccustomed to act in masses, and most of
them unaccustomed to act at all,—without a staff,
without any field appliances which bind together
large bodies, and clothe, horse, feed, and move
soldiers on active service. There is required
for each of these regiments a good cominandino-
officer, adjutant, and quartermaster ; a sergeant':
major, quartermaster-sergeant, and 10 colour-ser-
geants. This is the nucleus on which the 700 or
800 men can quickly be formed. When a number
of the regiments are organised the same machinery
is required to utilise them as that necessary to form
battalions. The Generals of Brigade, Brigades-
Major, the Medical Staff, and the Field Transport
Corps are necessary, and unless the machinery be
in existence, *it is impossible quickly to utilise a
mass of men for field service. The holiday-soldier-
ing of Volunteers in Hyde Park, Woolwich Com-
mon, and Brighton Downs may be, and no doubt
are, useful in their way ; but it is not by such shows
that Prussia over-ran Central Europe. Her orga-
nisation was a militia organisation, long and care-
fully prepared, and although the main part of her
troops were taken from the plough and from the
workshop straight to the fields of Bohemia, no more
complete and powerful warlike organisation than
her's has existed in modern times. There is no
necessity for making the vast body of the troops
of ;a nation soldiers, and nothing but soldiers ;
but there is a necessity for keeping the military gear
as complete as possible and in good working order.
It is on this point we fail ; seeming to consider that
if we have the men trained to the goose step, and
able to face correctly to the " right about," they
will fall into their places and be at once available
to confront a foe. The training necessary for infan-
try to move and perform simple evolutions is not
difficult and requires little time. A few old soldiers
in each company placed on the flanks of sections
and sub-divisions correct and control the movement
of their comrades, and infantry is the back-bone of
an army. The nation might be quite content to
rely for defence on a strong body of brave and well-
armed foot soldiers. To turn a defeat into a rout,
or, to protect a retreat, cavalry is the arm. To
train and handle cavalry well requires the greatest
effort. But, however brilliant may be the appear-
ance they put in, they have seldom proved of any real
utility in the hour when the destiny of nations
is decided. An invading force must be victorious ;
even to exist in an enemy's country and to
be victorious, he must defeat the enemy's
infantry. However much he may harry the coun-
try by his light horse he can produce no permanent
effect till he has inflicted an overwhelming defeat
on the infantry opposed to him. If he failst Irnetinrei
• attack, he is defeated in his object, and
•
Infantry is the raw material, ready
country
rely must
hand, and ou her foot soldiers
this
e as the.
rely in any defensive war. Constitutedtre,
chance
can_
Em-
pire is, straggling over the globaer,myh,is
and the bcst
tomilanation's
not be placed in the regulafr
orce and carry out the
substitute is vigorously to en
and arming
11'e have the
through its
Volunteer force of England,
highest respect for the
eachac t already
count
county
n
militia.o an i n
and were the when called out, and then
members. amenable to a law which en-
' forced their attendanFe.
Placed them under a military code, they might become
of more use even than the militia ; but surely laws
• must be passed now, and their organisation now be
made complete, for if this be attempted only in the
hour of trial, it will then be too late, and no hang-
ing of the Commander-in-Chief, or shooting of
Volunteers, will avail, as the Pall Mall Gazette
shows, to save the kingdom.

COLOURED PEOPLE IN BOSTON.--There are a
little over 2,000 coloured persons in Boston. There are
four negro lawyers in practice in tho courts of that city,
and five coloured preachers with congregations. There
are two independent negro military companies. The law
interfering with the marriage between whites and blacks
has long been abolished. Their right of equal entrance
with whites to the public schools, street railways, and
coaches is now fully admitted. The churches, theatres,
and hotels (with certain exceptions) hold out still against
aeoenuuedating negroes en equal terms with others.