The Sun.
London, England, 1866-05-28 00:00:00

NEW NOVEL BY THE PRISON MATRON.
Now ready at all the Libraries, in 2 vols., 215.,
PRISON CHARACTERS : drawn from Life.
By A PRISON MATRON, Author of "Female Life in
Prison."
" This work is profoundly interesting."—Globe.
Hurst and Blackett, 13, Great Rlarlborough-street.

yiss RUSSELL'S ANNUAL BENEFIT
CONCERT, FRIDAY, June Bth.

and on subsequently visiting a minor hall, in which
the very little boys are dined, he asked one cf them
why he did not eat what was before him, but re-
ceived apparently no audible or intelligible answer.
The exercise of the swimming class plosed the Duke
as much as any of the displays of trained activity.
He listened with admiration to the playing of the
band, by whom a regular programme of select pieces
was gone through after dinner, including a capri-
cious and very effective composition, called the
" Pretty Bird Waltz." His Royal Highness took
his departure shortly after 2 o'clock, having stayed
more than two hours.

All the Novelties of the day.

QTODARE'S 445TH REPRESENTATION.-
T 11 BATHE MYSTERY.—EGYPTIAN HALL.—
Colonel STODARE'.": celebrated MARVELS of MAGIC and
VENTRI EA:QUIS NT, ,s performed by him, by command, at
Windsor Castle, before her Majesty the Queen, Nov. 21, 1865 ;
and twice before tt.B.H. the Prince of Wales, June (1, 1865,
and March 10, 1866.—The New Sensation, the MARVEL of
MECCA, the SPHINX, and Stodare's celebrated INDIAN
BASKET PEAT, EVERY EVENING at 8. Wednesdays
and Saturdays at 3 and 8.

Now ready, in 1 vol., with Illustrations, 158. bound,
SP UR T AND SPORTSMEN.
By CHARLES STRETTON, Esq.
"A charm this book undoubtedly has, and few who begin
P, and care at all for field bports, will lay it aside till it is
finished."— Sunday Times.
Hurst and Blackett, 13, Great Marlborough-street.

WINSLOW HALL, Winslow, Bucks, having
been recentl opened and fitte wh requisite for
the c ,re and comfort of the INSANE,d theit proprietor,s Dr.
BOISKA.GON, announces that he h-as transferred his Estab-
lishment from Birznin,fham to the above desirable residence,
easily accessible, and distant from London about an hour
and a-halt by the London and North-Western line, and fifty
minutes from Oxford. Attached to the mansion, situated on
a sandy soil, mid commanding an extensive and pleasing
prospect, are garden, meanowe plantation, and recreation
grounds. For terms and forms of admission address the
proprietor.

Stalls may be secured in advance at the Box-office, Egyptian
Hall, open daily from 11 till 5; and at Mitchell's, Old Blnd-
street.—Admission, Is., 28.; stalls, 3s.

"Almost miraculous."—Vide the Times,

THE NEW SPORTING NOVEL.
In a few days, in One Volume, post Bvo.,
U L TENDRIL
Or, Sport and Adventure in Corsica.
Richard Bentley, New Burlington-street.

JR. W. S. WOODIN'S BADEN-BADEN
and-P 11 TIES AIR, an entirely New Entert,iu-
meta, EVERY EVENING, at Eight (except Saturday);
Saturday Mornings at Three. POLYGRAPHIC HALL,
King William-street, Charing-cross
Luxurious sofa stalls, as. balcony stalls, 35.; area, 25.;
amphitheatre, ls.—A plan of stalls may be seen and seats
secured at the Hall from Eleven to Five.

BONUS YEAR-SPECIAL NOTICE.
CLERICAL, MEDICAL, AND GENERAL
LIEE ASSURANCE SOCIETY.

ARCHBISHOP MANNING'S PASTORAL,

The Eighth Bonus will
EstablishealB2Z ----
- -
be declarel in January, 18,37, and
all With-Profit Policies in force on the 30th June, 1866, will
opnaertpicriepmaticu,m 0
s ,
itlhiyatwpileirhsoanvse who completepai such Assurances
before June 30th next, will share in that Division, although
Tables of Rates and Forms of Proposal can be obt fined
of any of the Society's Agents, or of
GEORGE CUTCLIFFT, Actuary and Secretary.
13, St. James's-square, London, S. W.

HENRY EDWARD, by the Grace of God and the
Favour of the Apostolic See, Archbishop of
Westminster, to the Clergy, Secular and Regular,
and the Faithful of the said Diocese,
HEALTH AND BENEDICTION IN THE LORD.
Reverend and Dear Brethren, and dear Children
in Jesus Christ, --In the Epistle for this Sunday,
the Church recites the words of the Apostle con-
templating in wonder and adoration the glory of the
Eternal Trinity, " 0 the depth of the riches of the
Wisdom and of the Knowledge of God." As a Son
of Israel he had grown up in the faith of the Unity
and Spirituality of the Divine Nature. " Hearken
to me, 0 Jacob, and thou Israel whom I call, I am
he, I am the first, and I am the last ;" and again,
" The Lord spake to you from the midst of the fire,
you heard the voice of His words, but you saw not
any form at all."
These were the two chief perfections of the God-
head revealed to the world before the Word was made
Flesh. The Unity, infinity, immensity, of the only
true God, the- intense purity of the invisible and
inscrutable Divine and untreated nature were, to the
people of Israel, axioms of their faith and laws of
their hearts and minds. They adored the unseen
Presence of Him who spoke with Abraham in the
midst of the Sacrifice, and under the stars of heaven ;
and manifested His glory toMoses in the cleft of the
Rock ; and to Isaias in the Temple, encompassed by
the Seraphim. But the depth of the Science of
God was not as yet revealed. The Nature, the
Life, the intelligence, the will, the personality, the
relations of God were still hidden in the light of the
eternal mind. The manifestation of God in the
flesh revealed the Three Persons, and the coming of
the Holy Ghost illuminated the intelligence of the
Church with the Science of God in Unity and
Trinity. The knowledge of God is the life and per-
fection ,1
of man. " This is eternal like, that they may
know Thee, the only true God, and Jesus Christ
whom Thou hast sent." The knowledge of God
the Father, the Son, and the Holy Ghost, in the
infinite perfection of the Three Persons, and of the
offices of Creator, Redeemer, and Sanctifier, is the
elevation of the human soul and of the world to a
supernatural order of truth and grace. The world
without God was degraded and disfigured by the
worship and imitations of its false gods. The
Israelite was ennobled and elevated by know ledge and
union with the true God ; the Christian is " made
partaker of the Divine Nature" by adoration of God
"in spirit and in truth," and by conformity to the
perfections of the Incarnate Son. The knowledge
of the Holy Trinity by faith and love is
the perfection of the soul. The intellectual, moral,
and spiritual faculties, powers, and affections
are enYarged and perfected in proportion as the
Holy Trinity reigns in the heart. Every Christian
soul is " the temple of God through the Spirit ;"
the sanctuary of the Holy Trinity. Where the
Holy Spirit dwells there is also the Father and the
Son. They who, are baptised in the name of them
Father, and of the Sou, and of the Holy Ghost are"
made His dwelling place.
And this great gift by the waters of Baptism went
out from Jerusalem into all the world. " The earth
was filled with the knowledge of the Lord as the
covering waters of the sea." The words of the
Prophet were fulfilled : " Arise and be enlightened,
0 Jerusalem, for thy light is come, and the glory
of the Lord is risen upon thee. For behold, dark-
ness shall cover the earth, and a mist the people ;
but the Lord shall arise upon thee, and His
glory shall be seen upon thee. And the Gentiles
shall walk in thy light, and kings in the brightness
of thy rising."
Such was the elevation of mankind through the
revelation of the Hcly Trinity. From that day the
faithful became the sons of God, brethren of Jesus,
disciples of the Holy Ghost. By the incarnation of
God, relations were opened between God and man.
" The Son of God was made man," as S. Athanasius
says, " that men might be made sons of God."
And these new relations bring with them new
powers, affections, aspirations, enterprises, and at-
tainments. On the four cardinal virtues arise a
new structure of spiritual perfection, the super-
natural graces of faith, hope and charity, the seven
gifts of the Holy Ghost, the twelve fruits, the eight
beatitudes. The soul of man became the mirror
of the image of God with a breadth and fidelity
never seen before. It was already the likeness of
God in its unity and spirituality. It became the
reflection of the manifold perfections of Father,
Son, and Holy Ghost.
Such was the effect of the revelation of the Holy
Trinity upon individuals. But what is true of the
individual is more profoundly true of " the body,
which is the Church, the fulness of Him who is
filled all in all." St. John writes,_' I John saw
the Holy City, the new Jerusalem, coming down
out of heaven from God, prepared as a bride adorned
for her husband. And I heard a great voice from
the throne, saying : Behold the Tabernacle of God
with men, and He will dwell with them. And they
shall be His people, and God himself with them
shall be their God."
The unity, spirituality, indivisiblity, sanctity,
universality, immortality, sovereignty of the Church
bears witness to " the only true God, and Jesus
Christ whom he has sent." It raised in the world
a visible shrine of the Divine Presence, a Taber-
nacle of the Word Incarnate prolonging His super-
nataral operations as the Teacher and Sanctifier of
mankind. The Mystical Body springs from, and
surrounds the natural Body of Jesus. The unity,
symmetry, structure, and organisation of the Church,
its mystical and moral personality manifest to the
world the Presence and the Office of the Holy
Trinity through the Incarnation of the Son. And
this is symbolised by the Heavenly City, which, de-
scending from heaven, rests upon the earth ; the
Tabernacle of God among men, that is the Holy
Catholic Church, one and universal, pervading all
nations, and enduring imperishable and changeless
through all successions of time.
But the Church has a twofold mission to the
world. It has not only a spiritual mission to con-
vert and save individuals and nations. It has also
a mission of civilisation, by which the face of this
world has been renewed. Christianity, or the
Truth and Grace of God in Jesus Christ has created
the Church, and the Church has created Christen-
dom or the Christian World. There was a time
when the Church and the Christian world may have
been regarded as equivalant and convertible terms.
While the Civil powers of the world were Pagan,
there was no Christian world. When they became
Christian they were contained within the unity
of the faith and of the Church. The schisms which
have rent Christian nations from its unity have in-
deed introduced a distinction between the Christian
'world and the Church of Jesus Christ. Our Divine
Lord, by the operations of truth and grace, has
organised and knit together a supernatural structure
of faith and charity, of intellect and of obedience,
under the authority of His Pastors, and in the unity
of His members. Such is the Church viewedin-
wardly, as distinct from its visible organisation of
hierarchy and of outward communion. But the
Church by its actions upon the nations of the world,
upon the natural society of men in communities and
states, upon their legislation and tribunal; hasbuilt

H E X F O R D,
6; OXFORD-STREET, W.
The Oxford and Canterbury Hall Company (I invited',
EXTRA NOVELTIES for the ASCOT WEEK. Ope-
ratic Selections performed by Misses Russell, Barry, Fitz-
Henry ; Messrs. A. St. Albyn, Hush, Bury, Dalton, and
Tivoli, with full band and chorus, conducted by Mr. F.
JONGHMANS.

HE LIQUID GEM.--THE LIQUID GEM.
Song, 'composed by W. T. WItIGHTON. 3s. " The
Liquid Gm,'
as Sung with much popularity by Madame
Lemmens-Sherrington. - It is one of Mr. Wrighton's
lightest and happiest inspirations. The composer is one
of the surest and most fertile of those who supply our
drawing rooms."—Liverpool Journal.
THE LIQUID GEM. Song. By W. T. WRIGH-
TON. 3s. The same for pianoforte, by Brinley
Richards, free for 19 stamps each. Made so popular by
Madame Lernmens-Sherrington's exquisite singing.
THE LIQUID GEM is a sweet and lively song.
It is like the beautiful dew drop which it describes, iu
itself truly a gem, and adapted to voices of moderate com-
pass."—Brighton Examiner. 3s.
THE LIQUID GEM.—" This is really an
elegant song, by the author of ' Her bright smile
haunts me still,' within the compass of the most ordinary
drawing-room voice, exceedingly sweet and simple."—
Glagow Citizen. 3s.
THE LIQUID GEM.—" The words and music
of this song are alike charming. The words breathe
the spirit of a poetic mind."—Civil Service Gazette. 3s.
T---"
HE LIQUID GEM. There are a sweetness
and easy flow which always win
—Bolton Guardian. 38. ; free for 19 stamps.
THE LIQUID GEM.----,4A pianoforte piece
upon an audience."
(Brinley Richards) on an immensely pular theme."
—North London News. 3s. All the aboveo apt half-price.
Londand all on : Ro
musicsellers. bert Cocks and Co., New Burlington-street,
W. ;

Comedy, Burlesque. Gymnastic, and other performances,
by all the most talented Foreign and English artistes.
The great Negro Trio, Joe Brown (his first appearance),
and Messrs. Duriah and Davies.
Admission—Area, 641; stalls and balcony, le ; private
boxes, with separate entrance, 10s. 6d.

TONES' PATENT VOLUNTEER PRESS,
tl suitable for Public Companies, Architects, Surveyors,
&c. This press will stamp card, drawing, parchment, or the
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STARCH MANUFACTURERS
TO H. R. H. THE PRINCESS OF WALES.
GLENFIELD PATENT STARCI
Used in the Royal Laundry,
AND AWARDED THE PRIZE MEDAL, 1862.
Sold by all Grocers, Chandlers, &c. Am

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ing the actual and providentiai order of society,
notwithstanding the constituted and traditional
authority of public law, and the sacred traditions
and legislation of the Christian world ; and this,
too, by means of secret societies, political conspira-
cies, seditious organisation, armaments in violation
of the laws of nations, sanguinary invasions of
friendly States ;—all these things have been taught
and promulgated by the authority of philosophers
and legislators until they have acquired the cur-
rency of axioms, and have been elevated to the
supremacy of political fights.
These were maxims of dangerous application at
home. The sufferings of Catholic Ireland for the
last 300 years have filled its population with a just
and reasoned discontent. Until Ireland shall be
healed of these old wounds, we cannot look for in-
ternal union, for we shall not deserve it. But the
wounds of Ireland are not to be healed by sedition,
or by revolution. They who would excite the noble,
confiding, generous, and Catholic people of Ireland
by dreams of independence, and of republics, are
not taking God's way to heal its wounds, but to
re-open, to inflame, and to inflict them more deeply-
and more fatally. The faith and patience which
has triumped until now, will triumph to the end, if
wedo not renounce our confidencein God and justice.
To all who.by Christian, Catholic, and lawful means
promote not only the healing and the happiness, but
the raising of Ireland to its full participation in the
public life and prosperity of the British Empire, we
heartily wish God speed : and by all the sympathy
and influence in our power as Pastor of a flock
largely mingled with the generous and enduring
children of Ireland, we desire to forward this same
happy result.
We were, however, not surprised by the deplor-
able confusions which a little while ago seemed
gathering around us. They were easily to be fore-
seen and foretold, because they are the inevitable and
legitimate results of both the sufferings of Ireland
and of the new order of inverted jurisprudence, false
political maxims and
anti-Catholic4 diplomacy,
twwohhuiicbchledhames served the revolutions of Europe, and
prepared for a day when the same, principles with
h the public
fullo f t
iother p
osntat
ourselves.e s
been
our At
d us tuye lit
oaw tai ri 1 Ides,Gthoedna,nads
Hthiiss,Cwbeursehbo,utlodwoawrdesittbase
if Civilnneed
e dw Societyere,
to
of
truewhich
anle
dv f areait b
fau
1p aa rile, g
it.oa
neexeh, o ra
nt ydo
tuo,
upright and conscientious obedience to the law.
But the loyalty of Catholics is written in the history
of England, and you well maintain your right to
this traditionary honour. If the bitter intermixture
of religious persecution had not entered in to trouble
the civil obedience and the moral sense of Catholics
in England and Ireland, we should now have been
an united and peaceful, instead of a disunited and
jawirsreirn gapnedo pj la
se . t e
rßut g i
st h el a
taos is
ntis purifying vanishing away,our
n rc i
vAi l
order from the remnants of penal laws and social
bigotry. Just legislation generates loyalty ; and in
proportion as the conscience of Catholics is respected
in that proportion they will close around the civil
order of the country, as at this moment in Canada,
to honour and defend it. The man who would turn
back again the wiser and the juster legislation of the
present into the controversial narrowness and in-
justice of the past, or would delay and hinder the
onward course of this tardy reparation, is an unwise
counsellor or no true friend to our common weal.
You need not our exhortations, to show yourselves
to be good subjects for conscience' sake. As Catho-
lics, you are instinctively on the side of authority,
order, and peace ; and by a second nature opposed
to anarchy, sedition, and revolution. You do this
for our Lord's sake, for the duty you owe to His
Church, and for the sake of the Sovereign Pontiff,
who, throughout a reign of nineteen years, has stood
inflexible and fearless in the midst of conflicts, re-
sisting, with a calm and immovable firmness, the
usurpations of might against right, the falsehoods
of popular opinion, and the assaults of anti-social
and anti-Christian revolution : and by this resist-
ance to wrong, has vindicated the rights of justice,
the sacred authority of civil government, the pro-
vidential union of the spiritual and temporal order
in Christian civilization and the Christian world.
It might seem, dear Children in Christ, that these
thoughts have led us far away from the Festival of
Trinity Sunday, and the purpose for which we ask
your alms to-day. But it is not so. It was the
knowledge and worship of the true God in Jesus
Christ which created the Christian world in all its
beauty, peace, and fruitfulness of charity to man-
kind, and of Glary to God. It is by Christianity,
wwa
toniotdrhlodnuiotstc bhyrbi
sect isi
avni lns
iitztayai
nt :coed:
arani
nl osonnaegg,
at
mhi at the Christian
ne,nlikeCmivailniz,aitniotno
the dust from which it was taken: a truth which not
only the heated politicians of this day will not re-
member, but the cold philosophers of these latter
times contemptuously deny. To separate Society
from the Church, to banish religion from legisla-
tures, to exclude the action of the Church from edu-
cation, to undo the work, and to reverse the way
of Christendom from its first rise to its full matu-
rity, has been proclaimed as the only true philosophy
of politics. If this prevail, the Civil powers of the
world will return to their former isolation, before
the Christian world arose to make them the king-
dom of God and of His Christ.
Faith and the history of Faith teaches us the re-
verse of all this. We believe the true and supreme
Legislator has ordained that men and generations,
races and nations, cities and kingdoms, should un-
fold and grow in all perfection of private and public
weal, of peace and justice, of mutual offices of
charity and universal prosperity by the knowledge
of God, His character, kingdom, and laws. Europe
and England were once held by force of arms until
Churches dismantled fortified strongholds, and
townsthdowcelhliarngohwiistho
juotalwoanslllsy. Theand
thecreatede benignhavoyEeur
Every
pdbeeerl
veyabes
influencescreeful
of
proudly resisted by Statesmen and by Governments,
and Europe is to keep its peace by the mutual
menace of five millions of armed men. It is the
action of faith and worship that must restore unity
and happiness to our people, or happiness and unity
Ifwillre nthe return
renewed
dr i
principle
cyni
potl
homeo ofprrpei
production
Apulcieltsitohfnirnobgmes
enfeebledwi
which
h sustainedth eyt they
and
lan-
guish ; if itbe extinct, they die. Therefore it is setpyhrialtannasg:
good Citizens as well as catholic Christians you labour
and make your offerings to multiply the altars and
churches, which are the fountains of healing to the
sin and disobedience of mankind.
the salvation of souls you are spreading Every church
in the civil order of the country.
the population round
you build changes the face of . peaceev promoting
en
about it. The
purity, calm, contentment,
respect, and justice. If
will, mutual
morebenevolence, respect,
united in the worship of
England were once .
Divinepresence diffuses sanctity,
obedience,olrnder, good-
will,
and of His Immaculate Mother,
forefathers to ttohethneagtilooorys
of
ff our
the lower gifts of natural prosperity,
higher graces of the kingdom of
by our
in the ten thousand sanc-
tuaries
oeffdbelreis.nsge d you make tends to this end.
earthw es ; raised
tohahveavpe
prayed
durfeodr for
s
attain it
an;
dbutto
Incarnated
ith a l
IL
to
hrde
iaccomplishmentGaV'noetdam.hawveithwailnled willit 'not lose its reward.
We cannot close these words without pointing to
your attention the large increase made by the zealous
efforts of the Rey. Secretary of this Fund, and by
the generosity of a number of our flock, few indeed,
but always forward in this and every good work.
We thank them in God's name, and earnestly ex-
hort you to do likewise ; and we direct that'sthe
printed list of contributions be attached to the doors
of the churches for the next four Sundays.
And may the grace of the only true God be with
you all. Amen. ,
May,Given l
on Trinity Sunday, on. ..
Westminsterordered ofttohbiseTreawedntiyn-sallixtheburdaeyhes
and chapels of the Diocese
86a6t, and
which day the annual collection is to be made for
the Church Building Fund.
f HENRY EDWARD, .
• Archbishop of Westminster.
Jon CANON MORRIS, Secretary.

PR1CE........... 4d.

STAMPED sd.

up a Christian jurisprudence and an order of Chris-
tian politics, which the world uses without knowing
the fountain from which it flows, as men drink of
rivers whose sourse they have never discovered.
The Christian society is, in this sense, distinct from
the Christian Church, though it springs from it.
And the Christian people confederated by interna-
tional law constitute one great family of nations,
with mutual relations of amity and reciprocal duty,
of equal rights and common obligations. And what
is this but Christendom, of which Christianity is
the foundation, the life, and the bond of union? In
this world-wide organisation there is a twofold tra-
dition of public authority, and of popular power :
the governors and the governed have alike duties
and privileges, and trusts and responsibilities, which
laorue ga s the:
caharmoniouslynhdr
s thesetia 1 combinedl and justly balanced, so
tlhaiinvi
out eliciting opposition,
norg
ssops pu op sr
cannotee
dmb eve
Tio. t
partedvh e
o r
u th
guweint man-
legislationhe
raititngis doebspviootuissmthoartantharechdyu.
people is to uphold authority thyyofobeevdiereyneCe,harnisdtiatno
exercise that authority for the widest possible benefit
of those who are subject to it.
sary to society, and society to the welfare of man_
authority is to inflict misery
upon the people, and to resist and weaken authorit
is to paralyse its action, and to prepare for its over-
throw. Authority is instituted by God Himself,
and its maintenance is a duty we owe to Hilt. The
welfare of the people is the end for which authority
was instituted, and authority is to be maintained,
not only for its own sake but for theirs, and to be
used not for the personal aims of rulers, but for the
end designed by God, that is, the welfare of the
people. The direct antagonists of this providen-
tial and Christian order of the world are schisms
and revolutions, and the sources of these lie hid in
the individual and corporate selfishness which gene-
rates rebellions in the Church and schisms in the
State.
We have been drawn to thesethoughts, dear Chil-
dren in Jesus Christ, by the present aspect of our own
country and of the world. For as Christianity and
Christian civilisation, or the Christian Church and
the Christian world, though distinct, have yet one
and the same fountain, so the maturity and perpe-
tuity of Christian civilisation, and of the Christian
world, depend upon their union and conformity
with the laws of Christianity and of the Church. It
is not the will of God that faith and society, reli-
gion and politics, should be divided. They are
elements of the old creation and of the new, which
He has united in one. Into the dogma of faith in-
deed politics does not enter : into many regions of
politics religion does not yet enter; yet there is an
indissoluble bond between the spiritual order of the
Church and the natural or political order of the
world, in the great primary laws of ethics and the
first principles of Christian morality. The separa-
tion of religion and politics is the master principle
of the revolution which for seventy years has been
spreading throughout Europe, and withering all it
touches. After establishing itself in the chief
nations of the Continent, it has at last entered our
own country, and is at this time striving to under-
mine Italy. The first and the last witness of the
indissoluble union of Christian faith and Christian
government is the Sovereign Pontiff. And it is
against his temporal power, therefore, that all the
efforts of revolution are directed, encouraged un-
happily by some who are blind to the reach of
their own acts, and do not see that the Temporal
Power of the Chief Pastor of Christendom is the
bond of union between the order of faith and the
order of politics, between the natural and super-
natural societies which God has founded for the wel
fare of mankind.
1 Another reason powerfully induces us to speak to
you on these subjects. The Supreme Teacher of
ail Christians has directed all Pastors to instruct.
the Flock in these vital truths and laws of Christian
and social morality, giving us an example and guide
in the Encyclical of 1864. It is for Statesmen and
Legislators to handle and apply these political and
moral principles to the action of Government and
to the state of the people. But it is for the Pastors
of the Church to preserve and to enunciate, and by
enunciation to perpetuate these primary truths and
laws of the Christian order in all their purity, in-
tegrity, and precision. Under the highest sanction
we will now proceed.
The political excitement which has lately been
rising among us, ana the hostile aspect of Europe
and America, the influences of which inevitably
affect ourselves, make it our duty as Pastors to
avert, as far as we can, by clear and timely coun-
sels, the dangers which might approach our Flock.
Eighteen years ago, the peace of every kingdom
in Europe was threatened or broken by the simulta-
neous rising of revolutions. In almost every capital
the public order was overthrown by the organised
co-operation of seditious movements. The year
1848 is an epoch in the history of revolution. It
revealed the existence and mutual support of the
secret political Societies which are spread through-
out Europe, and are working in the dark against
the constituted order of the Christian world ; that
is, against the two-fold authority which God has
ordained for the peace and welfare of mankind, the
powers spiritual and temporal, or, in other words,
the Church and civil Society.
You are well aware that the Sovereign Pontiffs,
to whom is committed the supreme care both of the
Church and of Society, have again and again con-
demned all such secret and clandestine conspiracies
as the natural and direct enemies of the spiritual
and temporal powers which God has ordained. The
condemnations of Clement XII., Benedict XIV.,
Pius VII., and Leo XII., were renewed in Sep-
tember last in the Allocution of our Holy Father
Pius IX. No Catholic can belong to any such
secret society without incurring the pain of excom-
munication. We hold it to be necessary to remind
the faithful of these Pontifical condemnations, lest
any should be deceived or drawn to entangle them-
selves in such secret societies. The signs of the
times warn us of danger. In every country of
Europe, we may say of the Old Wbrld and of the
New, are to be seen the symptoms of simultaneous
agitation, the preludes, it may be, of another epoch
in the history of revolutions. The year 1848 may
repeat itself.
The most sacred authority upon earth is that of
the Church, which, being directly founded, sus-
tained, and assisted by God, reigns supreme within
the sphere of its supernatural office. To this autho-
rity, as Catholics, you submit as to God Himself ;
and that submission is the noblest act of yourreason
and of your will.

Next to this supreme authority of the super-
natural order is the authority of the
civil power, which is also ordained of God in the
order of nature. The society of mankind is, like
man himself, a creation of God. The laws of
authority and of obedience by which society is bound
together are of divine institution and of divine obli-
gation. Obedience to the civil ruler is a duty of
the natural order. All men are bound by it: still
more all Christians, who are commanded by the
word of God to obey the powers that be. Nothing
can excuse disobedience to lawful rulers but such a
necessity as should render it a duty to disobey. But
what can make disobedience to be a duty except
some extreme violation of divine and natural right ?
—a supposition, if possible in Civil Government,
impossible in the order of the Church. These high
and sacred principles, founded both in the law of
nature and in the law of faith, have been in the
past half century parodied, disfigured, and
revolution-
And this, again, o
cor-
rupted into the supreme law f
has been ° preached and
expounded as to justify every
excesss of popular
change, caprice, and licence,
the people, the right to choose The sovereignty of
and to change at will
its government and its governors, the absolute in-
dependence of nations, and their inherent right to
into
erect themselves separate States, notwithstand-

THE REPRESENTATION OF WATERFORDCOUNTY.

—Mr. Esmond, having accepted the office of Lord of the
Treasury, has addressed the electors of the county of
Vrtiterford, and offers himself for re-election.