The Sun.
London, England, 1859-01-07 00:00:00

are kept by private individuals, and which cil
?iglit ducats (96f.) for taking a vessel over
bar. When the river is once entered a pilot sho
be taken, and who will treat for taking the v
up ; but before concluding any bargain, it is
visable to consult the captain of the port or
English consul; who is also charged with Fre
interests. Vessels which do not arrive in
Danube until November or December should in
arrangements to be towed up to Galati. which
about 90 miles from the sea, as they would of
wise lose much valuable time. 'When ye
have taken on board their cargoes; they go do
the river with the current, but the larger ye
are compelled to take part of their lading down
barges until they have crossed the bar. Ast
watch should, however, be kept over the barge*
otherwise robbery of the corn will undoubt
take place. Very large'vessels should put a
of their cargoes on board the steamboats of
Austrian Company, which will tow them over v,
bar and there reload them. The price charged
this company is moderate. There is ano
kind of difficuty to which the captains of to
chant vessels are exposed in the Danube,
against which it is well to put them on th
ti
guard. Almost all the French vessels come h
chartered by commercial houses established
England; they are addressed first to Congo/1i
nople, whence they are sent to other corresponde°
residing at Galats or Ibrail. This change of age°
frequently exposes theni to' great embarrassrne°
The corn trade, as it is carried on, is a compie'
gambling affair, both as regards the freights ie
the sale and purchase of corn. Vessels which hie
been chartered for two or three months and aro
in the ports of the Danube find, perhaps, that duri° •
that interval the rate of freight has lowered, 00
they cannot obtain their cargoes on the cove]
tions secured to them ,by their charter partie
If the rate of freight should prove advantage°
for the consignees the latter come forward eagel.
but if, on the contray, there is :a risk of their I°o'

by the execution of their contract, they seek by eve
means in their, power to evade it. One Frey'
captain, on his arrival, found his consignee a ban
rupt ; another could not find his at all, and b°l
were compelled to look out .for fresh freightel
Several have been compelled to sell their chart
parties at a discount. Captains should requil
that, if their charter-party be sold at a loss, tl
difference in price should be made up to tbd
Shipowners cannot be too careful in looking 01'
the clauses in the charter-parties which tlic,

accept for their vessels. They are frequent
drawn up in English, and many captains do
care to have them translated and explained to the°
One captain, on arriving in the Danube, was sl°
prised at being told that, by his charter-party, I'
consignee had the right to send him for his call"
to Giurgewo, 180 miles above Ibrail, and in ord
to avoid going that distance, he was compelled
submit to a reduction in his rate of freight, althntg
it was not originally fixed higher than that paid
Galatz and Ibrail."

Another report to the Minister of Marine from t
commander of the French station in the Data
of the same crate, states that all the vessels of
of the station were moored to the quay of Gall
to pass the winter, and that' due precautions b.
been taken to prevent accidents on the breaking'
of the ice. As, however, the river was high, go
the current consequently rapid, it was hoped tb
it would not be frozen to the same extent as is

year. The number of French merchant ships whit
entered the Danube in the course of last year NCI
94, the largest number ever known.

SPAIN.
The Madrid journals of the 2d do not, as oft°
happens on a Sunday, contain any political ref,
of importance. A deputation of the Chamber °:
Deputies had waited on the Queen to present t 1
Address in reply to the Speech from the Throl
and her Majesty, in a few words, expressed he
thanks for it. The Diseusion had been seized.
royal decree in the Gazette enacts that as M. Ole
zag& was elected to sit for the district of Barquill
in Madrid, a new election shall take place for th
of Lavapies, in the same city, for which he
also returned. The semi-official Correspondan
Autografa states that the Government had receil
accounts from the Philippines to the 9th, to
effect that the operations of the expedition
Cochin China had had to be suspended in cons
quence of bad weather.

A letter from Teheran says :—" It is believeti
that the ex-Sadrazam Mirza Aga Khan, who
lately accused of peculation, will be condemned t
perpetual banishment in some country of Wester°
Europe--most likely, according to his own wish'
France. An electric telegraph between this eit(i
and Tauris is to be established in the spring, as wed
as a railway about eight miles long between TOO'
ran and the Elbourg, the Shah's summer residence'
The French Minister, Baron Pichon, presented a fell
days ago the members of the French military nii9
sion to the Shah. The Shah received them veil
kindly, expressed his joy at possessing the friend'
ship of the Emperor Napoleon, spoke flatteringli,
of the French army before Sebastopol, and declare'
that he was grateful that French officers had con'
sented to come to his country to teach his arral
European tactics. A few days after these officer!
commenced their duties in the military school at
Teheran. The Shah was present at the first lesson
and promised frequently to renew his visits."

The Archduchess Maximilian left Milan on the
2d for Trieste, in order to receive her cousin, the
future Princess Royal of the Two Sicilies, the
Archdukes Regnier and William, and the Arch'
duchess Maria.

A Vienna letter of the Ist says that it was,
generally rumoured that the Porte had confirmed
the election of Prince Milosch as Hereditary Prince
of Servia. No confirmation of the rumour had,
however, reached either the Turkish embassy or
the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, but it was not
considered doubtful that the election would be
confirmed by the Porte.

THE LOMBARDO-VENETIAN ARMY.

The strength of the Austrian army in Lombardo'
Venetia, which was considerably reduced in the
course of 1858, has lately been, and still is,
greatly on the increase. It is difficult to fix nub'
bars, but large bodies of men have come in from
Germany, and others are at hand, although the)"
may not have entered, nor perhaps will do so, un'
less circumstances should demand their presence.
I speak with due reserve, for these are matters hard
to get at the exact truth of; but, from all I can
learn, I should think that the Austrians could noW
at any time muster, within two or three days,
100,000 men within the limits of their Italian
dominions. The number at present within
those limits may, however, be much short
of this. I have heard it estimated that there are
now 100,000 and even 120,000 men in Lombardo-
Venetia, but this I incline to think great exaggera-
tion. The garrison of Milan is at the present time
15,000 strong. The fortifications at the Tosa-gate
of Milan, which were intended as precautions
against an enemy within the city, are being (or
about to be) pulled down, and I am told that the
materials are already advertised for sale. It is also
stated that the Government is selling the barracks
and different Government buildings in Milan, and
will afterwards rent them from the purchasers,
the object being to have as little Government
property as possible in the Lombard capital. In
case of war, and a Piedmontese advance across
the Ticino, the Austrians would, doubtless, evactu.t3
Milan, leaving a garrison in the citadel (for which
1,500 men would suffice), and retire towards their
strong line of fortresses, which must be the base of
their operations. They would be fighting in an
enemy's country, and must act accordingly. But
you will think it rather too soon to enter upon
strategical considerations.—Letter from Turin (2d
edit. Times).

CRYSTAL PALACE.—One Shilling Day.—Thurs-
day, Jan. 6.--Admissions on payment, 2,197 ; ; ditto by
season tickets, 821; total, 3,018.
The Swabian Mercury contains a communication from
Vienna, which says:—" Count de Buol has spoken very
frankly to Princeliallimaki as to the policy which Austria
intends to follow in the affairs of Servia. She will
strictly abstain from any intervention, but will insist on a
fresh election for the Prince. This is said to be the opinion
of the. Porte also. As to Russia, she is said to be in favour
of immediately recognising Prince Milosch, and opposed to
a new election."