The Sun.
London, England, 1832-08-23 00:00:00

LoNnoN, THURSDAY EVENING. AUGUST 23, 1832.

capital. Time was capital—(Hear)—skill was es.
pital, and labour was capital.—(Hear, bear.) H.
heartily supported the plan of labour exchanges,
and hoped to see them established, not only here,
but in every town and village throughout the coun-
try. The proceedings of this institution were looked
to in order to give a tone to the proceedings of
others. He was a currier by trade, and he knew
that his fellow-workmen had, during the last ten
years, expended more money in endeavouring to
oppose the reduction of wages, than the amount of
all the capital of their masters.—(Hear, hear.)
There were not more than 500 or 600 of the trade
in London, and they at one time had 3,0001. in the
banker's hands, subscribed for the support of those
who lost their employment by refusing to work at a
reduced rate of wages. But he was sorry to say,
that the brewers were the bankers, and between the
brewers and the publicans the whole money was
spent in anything but an application to the objects
for which it was raised.

Mr. BRYCE wished to be satisfied on one impor-
tant question. They were all manufacturers, and it
was very well to exchange manufactures with each
otter. But would they get agricultural produce to
exchange for their goods?—(Hear.) They, re-
quired this in the proportion to manufactured produce
of at least ten to one; and unless they could get
this in exchange for their labour-notes, their labour-
notes would be useless.—(Applause.)
The CHAIRMAN said the suggestion would be
taken into consideration.

Mr. CLEAVE said that the answer to the last gen-
tleman would be that which was given to the pub-
lic during the panic—Confidence, confidence, con-
fidence.—(Cheers.) He urged on the meeting the
necessity of disseminating the knowledge of their
principles through the medium of cheap publica-
tions, and in order to do this, to unite all their ener-
gies to abolish the taxes on knowledge. It was sur-
prising to consider what vast resources the working
classes possessed, and how frightfully they were
wasted in connection with Trade Unions and Bene-
fit Societies, because those societies were held in
public houses, and their money went into the hands
of the publican and brewer. One Union at Man-
chester alone—the Spinners' Union—in the course
of a few years spent 70,0001., and in doing what ?
—in enabling men to live on a few shillings a week.
The CHAIRMAN then solicited the attention of the
meeting to a lady.

Miss MACAULEY (who was received with great
applause) then read to the Meeting an Address,
which she had written for the occasion. She stated
that as part proprietess of the Labour Exchange,
and as having established one on the other side of
the water, she felt it in some measure her duty to
address them. Moral courage was now wanted
The Lek of moral courage was the greatest difficulty
with which Mr. Owen had to contend. Moral
courage was the feeling which was at all times most
difficult to excite, both in men and women. She
simply wanted to make a few good co-operative
women. Her countryman, Mr. Hirst, had said that
one co-operative woman was worth ten men. Fe-
male exertions were never more required than at
the present moment. Mr. Owen might (and she
spoke not in the language of adulation or flattery) be
justly called the benefactor of the human race.
The resolution was then put and carried.
The Rev. Mr. NV CONNELL moved the next resolu-
tion relative to the election of officers, which was
to take place on Wednesday next.
The resolution was seconded, and carried unani-
mously.
Mr. STYLES moved the next resolution, " That
the books should remain open till Wednesday next."
The CHAIRMAN then read to the meeting a note
which had been handed to him, requesting to know
why, after they bad obtained the 2,001. necessary to
start the Labour Exchange, they required further
subscriptions; and thus, while deprecating capital
on the one band, creating a new capital on the
other, attended by the worst concomitant of capital,
interest, which must be paid by the labouring
classes to the non-producer.

The CHAIRMAN observed upon this, that the pro-
cess which he intended to adopt would have the ef-
fect of destroying the intermediate classes of traders,
and rendering the use of money unnecessary; and
some means of employment must, therefore, be af-
forded to those persons, which could only be by the
purchase of land.

The Resolution was then put and agreed to.
Mr. NASH moved a Resolution, empowering the
Committee to transact the affairs of the Society till
officers were regularly appointed.
Mr. BitvcE should be satisfied, if, when he
brought goods into the stores, he found provisions
there; but if he found nothing to eat, he should be
highly dissatisfied.

A GENTLEMAN on the platform then announced
himself as the author of the note just read to them
by the Chairtmo, and which, he thought, was but
very imperfectly explained to them, and by no means
satisfactorily replied to. It appeared that they were
compelled to apply to capital for the means of de-
stroying capital itself. Their Committee told them
that they reqnired a capital of 2,0001. in order to
commence their scheme. This might be; but why
after they had ()trained 2,000/. in money, should
they create new creditors on the labour of tte de-
positors, by allowing every man who brought in
20/. worth of goods to become a proprietor, and to
demand interest for his capital ? It should be re-
membered that they did not require this capital; it
was of no assistance to them. The current ex-
penses of the Institution would be provided for by
a small reduction from the produce of the sale of the
articles; and why should they thus unnecessarily
allow a new and increltsing debt to be imposed on
them, which would entirely swallow up their pro-
fits? Let them imagine their Society in full ope-
ration, and meeting their current expenses by the
small deductions before mentioned. Suppose ten
or twenty individuals should come with 201. worth
of goods, and say, now we claim to be admitted
proprietors, what would be the effect ? Why', that
a further reduction must be made from the produce
of the sale of their goods, in order to meet the in-
terest demanded by these new capitalists—(hear,
hear)—and the greater the number that came for-
ward in this mariner, the greater would be their
loss.—( Hear, hear, hear). He differed with them
in many points; but he wished them well, and was
anxious to see them consistent with their own prin-
ciples.—(Cheers.)

The OrnmsrAN said that all would be propietors
—that they would purchase land with the capital
thus obtained—and would employ those whom the
new system would throw out of work. He admitted
that they could go on with the 2,0001., but they
sought something more. His object was to destroy
all money and all capital. lie trusted this would be
satisfactory to the gentleman. Besides, all persons
holding shares might sell out.
The GENTLEMAN contended, that though all
shareholders might sell out, that was merely a trans-
fer of capital from one individual to another, and
did not affect the position; that it was impossible
that all could become proprietors under the proposed
,ystem ; all wouhi not, and could not, bring in 201.
worth of goods, and therefore could not become
proprietors ; that the more who brought in capital to
that amount, the more the means of the others
would be diminished, as a larger deduction must be
made in order to pay the interest. Nothing, there-
fore, could be a greater absurdity than to speak of
the system ss one by which capital would be de-
stroyed.—(Hear, hear.)
A STRANGER, from the body of the meeting,

said he thought the present plan wauld meet thei
present necessities,
The resolution was then read.
Thanks were voted to the chairman, and t}
meeting separated.

HIGH TREASON.

ABINGDON, WEDNESDAY, AUGUST 22.

TRIAL of DENNIS COLLINS, fora TREA-
SONABLE ASSAULT on his MAJESTY.
This being the day fixed at the Assizes for the
trial of the above prisoner for high treason, the
Court re-assembled at the County Hall in this town.
The interest excited by the trial here was no'
great, and appeared to be confined to the upper
classes.
Sqon after 9 o'clock, the Judges (Bositticturr
and GURNEY) took their seats on the bench. The
Counsel for the Crown had already assembled. They
were the ATTORNEY-GENERAL, Mr. JERVIS, Mr.
CAMPBELL, Mi.' SHEPHERD, and Mr. MAULE.
For the prisoner, Mr. SWABEY and Mr. CAR.
RINGTON appeared, attended by the prisoner's attor-
ney, Mr. Franklin".
The prisoner, Dennis Collins, was then brought
_ _

in. He bowed two or three times to the Judges as
he took his place at .the bar. On looking round the
Court, he recognized Mr. Elliott, one of the Magis-
trates by whom he was committed, to whom he
nodded familiarly, and with a smile, but still there
was nothing in his mode of doing so which showed
impudence or forwardness.
The appearance of Collins seems to have changed
greatly for the worse since his commitment. He
looked thin and pale, and seemed as if he had re-
cently had an attack of illness. We understood,
however, that he has not been ill. Whatever has
been the cause of the alteration, it would be appa-
rent to any ordinary observer, that it did not pro-
ceed from any great mental anxiety. He seemed
nearly as indifferent on this as he was on the day of
his last examination.

As soon as he took his place at the bar, the in.

dictment was read. It was of considerable length,
and contained five counts. The first charged him
with compassing and intending the death of the
King, by throwing at him the stone, &c. The next
charged him with intending to do his Majesty bodily
harm tending to his death. The other counts varied
the offence, stating it differently. The fifth charged
him with compassing and devising bodily harm to
the King, tending to maim or wound his Majesty,
The prisoner listened with great attention to the in-
dictment, and seemed somewhat puzzled by hearing
the same offence described in so many ways.
When asked whether he was guilty or not, he
answered in a firm yet respectful manner—" Not
guilty, my Lord."
The prisoner having been given in charge,—
The ATTORNEY-GENERAL addressed the Jury.
The prisoner, he observed, stood before them charged
with the highest crime known to the law—that of
a direct attack on the person of the King, with the

lltention of doing him bodily harm and placing his
ife in danger. There had been two Acts passed on
his subject, one in 1796, and the other in 1799 or

1800, by which any overt act done which could
show an intention to compass the death was made
high treason; the second of these Acts made it
equally treason to do any act which could show an
intention of doing the Kicg any bodily harm, tend-
ing to maim him. Now what were the circumstances
of the case charged against the prisoner (Here the
Hon. and Learned Gentleman shortly detailed the
circumstances of the attack, which were afterwards
stated by the witnesses.) It would be proved that
the blow which his Majesty had received was of
sufficient force to make him reel back, and that it left
a considerable mark, which remained for some time.
It would also be put beyond doubt that the act was
deliberately done by the prisoner; that he was aware
of the consequence of his act, and that he said it was
as well to be hanged or shot as to starve in the streets.
All these were important matters to show the prisoner's

intention. The motive of that intention would also be
proved in the prisoner's own admission—that he had
sent a petition to have his pension restored, but that
not having had the desired effect, he determined to
make the attack on him. That his Majesty's life was
in danger, no reasonable doubt could be enter-
tained, for it was probable that had the hat not in-
tervened, the blow which his Majesty had received
might have been fatal. It would, however, be for
the Jury to say whether, all the circumstances of
the case being considered, there was evidence to
show that the prisoner did intend and compass the
death of the King; if so, they would bring in a verdict
to that effect, and the prisoner would then be de-
clared guilty of the highest crime known to the law.
It would be said, perhaps, that the prisoner was not
at the moment in a state to judge of the consequences
of his own acts. He was aware that the prisoner
had lost a leg, and had received a wound in the
head ; but there was, he believed, no good ground
for supposing that those wounds had disturbed the
prisoner's reason.
George Smith, Esq. examined by Mr. JERVIS—
I fun a Post Captain in the Royal Navy. I was at
Ascot races on Tuesday, the I 9th of June last. I
was, between three and four o'clock on that day,
standing about forty or fifty yards from the Royal
Stand. I saw his Majesty at the window of the
stand. I saw a stone pass through the air, which
struck his Majesty above the rim of the hat. I saw
a man as if recovering from the act ion of throwing a
stone. The man was about fifteen yards from me.
He was nearer the Royal stand by that distance than
I was. I rushed immediately to the spot, and in pass-
ing to the man I saw him distinctly throw a stone to-
wards the stand. I seized him by the collar. That man
was Dennis Collins, the prisoner. At that moment a
Bow•street officer, named Gardner, came up, and
took the prisoner into custody. I saw his Majesty
reel back when struck, as if he was struck severely.
I afterwards went into the police-room. Gardner
and Townsend were with the prisoner. I heard
questions put by the Earl of Uxbridge and Colonel
Wood, who asked prisoner why he had so committed
himself as to throw the stone. He said he was very
unfortunate, and he did not care whether he was
shot or hung. He Mt himself aggrieved, but lie
was very sorry for what he had done. He had
thrown the stones which he said he had p;cked up
at the back part of the stand. He appeared much
excited at the time.

Mr. Benjamin Turner, examined by Mr. CAIuP-
-13ELL.—I wai at Ascot RIM; on the 19th of June.

I was about 18 or 20 yards from the Royal Stand.
His Majesty was in front, with the window open.
T _

I saw a missile going through the air, which ap-
peared like a good sized potato. I saw it strike his
Majesty over the brim of the hat. His Majesty
►►ore his hat over his eyes to screen them from the
sun. 1 saw a hand go down 15 or 20 yards from
me when the stone was thrown. Believing that to
be the hand which threw the stone, I made through
the crowd towards it, and saw the same hand throw
a stone, which went into the stand. The person
who threw the stone was the prisoner, Dennis
Collins. I saw Capt. Smith seizing the prisoner.
Colonel Wood, examined by Mr. SHEPHERD---1
was in the Royal Stand, immediately on the left of
his Majesty, on the day in question. I heard the
stone strike him. He put up both his hands, as if
to catch his hat, which was driven to the back of his
head. His Majesty made some exclamation which
I could not hear. He then went back in the stand,
got a chair, and appeared pale and faint; he asked
for a little wine and water; he took off his hat, and
I saw a mark on his head, us if from a blow of some