The Sun.
London, England, 1859-10-07 00:00:00

THE. SUN, LONDON, FRIDAY EVENING, OCTOBER 7, 185-6:

measure. In this Arnaud succeeded, but on the
condition that Spain should send a contingent of
20,000 men to Rome. On the arrival of the Brief
in Madrid the greatest possible publicity was given
to it in order to procure purchasers ; at th© same
time, however, the offer made by Arnaud was
blanied, the promised troops were refused, and
Arnaud was withdrawn. It is more strongly than
ever asserted that the Duke de Grammont has re-
peatedly said, both to the Pope and the Cardinals,
thatthe return of the Romagna to the dominion of
the Holy See was no longer possible, and that there
would be great danger of losing also the Marches
and Umbria unless concessions were made. In con-
sequence a Council of Cardinals was called, and it
is said that the institutions so Often demanded by
France are about to be conceded, with many modi-
fications. Those who are well-informed, however,
are• of opinion that such institutions are by no
means calculated to give satisfaction; that the
Marches and Umbria are resolved on throwing in
their lot with the Romagna, and that nothing will
remain to the Pope but the patrimony of St. Peter.
The execration of Cardinal Antonelli is both great
and general, and even the clergy are opposed to him,
seeing as they do that he it is who has ruined the
Papal State. Still his Holiness persists in keeping
him in power. Antonelli represents in his person
the impossibility of reform, and revolution in per-
manency in the States of the Church. He and
Mazzini will have deserved equally well of the
Papacy.

The excesses of the Swiss who have arrived here
from Marseilles exceed all description. Many of
them are already deserting. The Minister of Arms,
the Most Eminent Cardinal Antonelli, seeing that
there is no probability of his forming a Papal army
with such materials, has put a stop to all further
enrolment in that quarter. In Pesaro a conspiracy
has been discovered among the native troops to de-
sert en masse. A few have been arrested, and a
different distribution of them has been thought of,
with the hope that the Swiss may keep both the
troops and the people in order. In this general de-

rangement the finance of course suffers, and a deb,

has been created of 1,500,000 scudi, and another o

500,000 will be added. It is said that the Duke

Salviati, the bead of the family of BorgheLe, has

lent the Government 400,000 seudi, and that the

Duke Grazioli (whose father, a baker, left him a

sufficiently large fortune to raise him to a duke

dom) has lent as much at 21 per cent. This rid]
proprietor has lately purchased the Palazzo Bresci
_ _

on which Pius VII. sPent 900,000 scudi. 300,000

scudi were paid down, but that will not suffice

to pay one-half of the debts of the nephew of that
Pope.

N,IPLES.

A letter from Naples, dated Oct. 1, says !—" It
is impossible to mistake the great excitement which
now agitates all classes. Even the very lowest
have taken the infection, and talk about Garibaldi,
and desertions, and encounters, and speak of im-
pending and violent changes. The sentiment is
universal that something is about to happen. In
fact, it is wonderful what progre:,s the public spirit
has made within the last few weeks ; so much so

that I do not believe I shall be committing myself
when I say that even here in Naples--that is to say,
in the Kingdom—we shall in a very brief space of
time witness a violent commotion. This change
has been greatly on the increase since the Swiss
left ; it was what might have been expected, but
this incursion of Garibaldi into the Marches, or the
report of it, has given a most extraordinary impulse
to the public feeling. It is impossible to give you
an idea of the terrible influence which the name of
the great:ltalian ha.ro exorcises on the people. Nurses
frighten children by sending Garibaldi after them;
the nation has great hopes in him as one of their
future deliverers; the Court are terror-stricken
by the shadow which he casts upon them from a
distance.

Alter the review of cavalry in Capua last Satur-
day the king went, as I told you, to Gaeta, whence
he returned to Posilippo on Monday, and landed
at the casino of Prince Luigi. In the evening he
went to Portici• The report is still that he is to
go to San Gennaro and even to Sulmona. My
report of military movements was so very full in
my last letter that I shall not venture to say
much more on the subject. In the main I believe
I was right. Immense excitement prevails here;
so that, with the utmost discretion, it is difficult
at times to select the true from the false amid
the thousand and one reports which prevail. In
the Calabrias tranquillity prevails ; that is to say,
the people have not actually risen. Several
steamers left last week for Syracuse with the 11th
Regiment of the line, and at the beginning of the
week they brought back the sth Regiment of the
line from Syracuse to Gaeta. Two steamers have

left also for Pescara, one with the ambulance for
the army on the frontier, and the ether with seve-
ral companies of soldiers to assist at the disem-
barkation of it. This being effected, the steamers
will remain, it is said, to cruise in the Adriatic.
Of the efforts which were making to add to the
number of the army I have already spoken. Sixty
ducats a man to all who have finished their time,
and are willing to remain, and 15 grani a day are
unheard-of prices in this country, and show the
great eagerness of the Government to obtain men.
The levy of 1860 is, too, I hear, being called in with
great activity, and in this way 18,000 more men
will be obtained. There is talk, too, of mobilizing
the Civic Guard ; in fact, no stone is left unturned

to meet the danger which threatens, not the country
but the Government and the Court ; for, with this
exception, all parties here are panting after every
movement which must upset the present order of
things. Even the Royalists and the greatest reac-
tionists now confess that the King threw away the
most favourable moment of his life at his accessibn

o the throne for making concessions to his sub-

jects. It is now felt that whatever effort to con-
ciliate was made would be lost, and might prove
even dangerous, and that it is necessary therefore
to carry out the present plan of action to the last.
Such a confession shows what is the actual position
of the Government and its future intentions. A
report was spread about at the beginning of the
week that the Royalists and the police would make
a demonstration in the streets, with cries of " Viva

it lie ! " " Viva it Statute ! " Of course such a
report is laughed at, and even were such a fact to
take place, so little is the faith which is reposed in
the Government that no one would be found to re-
echo the cries. But few troops remain is the city,
and these regard the police with an evil eye, while
the latter gentlemen seek to avenge themselves, as
it were, upon the people. I can give you no idea of
the active search which has been, and is being,
made for those who are in any way suspected of
being connected with the clandestine press, nor is,
I think, too much importance attached to this
recent proof of the awakening of the public mind.
Many perquisizione have been made in the printing
offices, and many of the printers arrested, but all to
no purpose. The cleverest members of the police
have been charged with the office of discovery, and
many dressed in plain clothes have been sent among
the people with orders to affect sympathy with
them, but all in vain. The Corriere di Napoli (the
clandestine journal) did not make its appearance
exactly in the same form last Tuesday as usual, and
the type was far from correct, but still a j Jurnal
made its appearance, and was widely circulated. The
people, in fact, set tlle police at defiance, and beat it.
The number to which I allude has some words attri-
buted to Lord Palmerston, which he is said to have
spoken to one of the leaders of the Italian move-
ment. " Act, act, and let others undo what you
do if they can." It concludes in large type with
" Garibaldi is in the Marches of Ancona." There
was to have been a Council of State at Portici last
Monday, and all the Ministers went down, but
neither the King nor Severino were there, and they