The Sun.
London, England, 1859-08-06 00:00:00

THEUSUN, LONDON, SATURDAY EVENING, AUGUST 6, 18b9.

ful. The public which wants the work done would
know that they ought to pay a tenth more for it,
and the master builders would be able to charge it;
since, though there might be a superabundance of
labour, that labour must still be made use of under
the conditions which public opinion sanctions.
Economical principles are indeed almost omnipo-
tent ; still even they must be modified by the notion
which exists in any place of what a day's labour
should be.

It appears to us that the building trades have,
most unwisely, like the Austrians with Sardinia,
precipitated the war in a manner which injures
them in public opinion. They had not, like that
Power, exhausted diplomacy, and yet they make
themselves judges in the matter by invading the
territory of the masters, or by doing what looks
like it. They attack one firm by a combination,
and provoke an immediate combination on the part
of the masters. In all probability, after ruinous
losses on both sides, we shall have a Solferino and
a Villafranca between the men and their masters.
The beginners in the quarrel may gain something ;
but the nine hours for ten they will certainly not
gain ; they may also gain nothing but starvation
and pawnbrokers' tickets, and return to find them-
selves yet more beaten by still better machinery—
for almost all strikes have improved machinery and
superseded labour. On the other hand, the mas-
ters may concede something—in wages, or in a
Saturday half-holiday—but not more than they
would have good-temperedly conceded to pro-
longed, intelligent, and fair discussion. But, in
the latter case, both parties would have been in the
meantime gaining—the workman his wages, the
master his profit on them. We fear, however, it
is now too late. Passion is enlisted ; victory is
sought. And as the mode in which the demands
are made exhibit about the worst possible general-
ship, we can but apprehend dreadful suffering for
; the vanquished operatives, and no trifling losses
for victorious masters.

Mr. DILLWYN was quite right in withdrawing
the Endowed Schools Bill on Thursday. Mr. LowE
made, indeed, a specious defence of the committee's
bill, entirely opposite in character as it was to Mr.
DILLWYN'S Bill ; but, without entering into the
technicalities of the case, we will state the prin-
cipal effect of each.
Mr. DILLWYN'S Bill takes the case of Endowed
Schools in which the founders have laid down no
creeds, and no sectarian distinctions whatever,
though they may have mentioned religion in general
terms. In these cases the courts of law have ruled
that " religion" means religion in the precise form
of the Thirty-nine Articles, the Church Catechism,
and the Prayer-book ; and that, on the purely
technical ground that this is the only religion known
to the Courts of Law. Mr. DILLWYN contends that
this is a narrow and unreasonable construction of
liberal and unsectarian documents, and his bill pro-
vides that where the deeds are of this character, for
the future, the courts shall be prohibited from such
sectarian interpretations, and that in the matter of
trusteeship and instruction the school shall be open
to all denominations.

Mr. LowE's bill, as we must now term it, seems
a little liberal to Dissenters, but in practice is just
the reverse. It proposes substantially to abide by the
old misconstruction, or narrow-minded construction
of the word" religion." For, it provides that the prac-
tice of the last twenty-five years shall decide whether
the schools shall be rigidly Church of England
schools or liberal schools. The only concession is
a " conscience clause," by which the children of
Dissenters may, on the written request of the
parents, be exempted from learning the Church
catechism and attending Church services. But the
unfairness towards Dissenters is this. The schools,
in the case of liberal founders, have already, by the
unjust technicalities of the judges, got into the
hands of one sect e xcluswely ; and that, in the vast
majority of such cases, for much more than twenty-
five years. It was endeavoured by the DILLWYN
Bill to reverse this injustice, not violently, but by
leaving things to their natural course—declaring
that such schools are, so far as religion is concerned,
perfectly open schools. Mr. LOWE'S Bill proposes,
on the contrary, to stereotype the present unjust
exclusiveness to all future generations.
It is all the worse in this case, because no one is
wronged by giving equal claims on an educational
charity to all. The children of Churchmen within
the reach of such a grammar school, have no
natural claim on its benefits beyond other children;
they have none by the hypothesis, on the ground

of the founder's intention ; they have none but
what rests on an abuse of his liberality ; on a pre-
scription which ought never to have been tolerated
—a prescription which arose when Dissenters were
fewer and persecuted, and the dominant Church
grasped at everything. Mr. DILLWYN has, there-
fore, done rightly in refusing the bill of the ex-
member for Kidderminster, and member for
Caine, and Lord LANSDOWNE. Let the overreach-
ing temper of the narrowminded Churchmen be
shown up, session after session, if they will per-
sist in refusing bills like that of the member for
Swansea.

Was it an oversight or was it " a great fact,"
that the Times of Tuesday last gave " unmutilated
and entire," the letter of its Melbourne corre-
spondent. That gentleman is a warm friend of
the Ballot, which has been adopted with sucl,.
satisfaction to all parties under his own observa-
tion there. Yet, strange to say, never before have
we noticed a sentence from him favourable to
secret voting ! We have had quotations against it
from a contemptible paper hundreds of miles off,
but no quotations in its favour from the ablest
Melbourne papers, and none from the pen from
which we most of all expected it.

On Tuesday, however, we read, in reference to
the addition of an immense number of names to the
register under the new Act, not less than 152,000
in that small colony " It will be curious to observe
in what manner the immense body of electors under
the screen as well as the protection of the ballot will
work at the coming election. As to the Ballot, I
think it has worked well here. It has greatly
diminished the expense of elections ; and has made
them as peaceful and •rderly as if no election were
going on." We shall await indeed with some
interest the result of the first elections in Australia,
not by the Ballot merely, but by Universal Suffrage
also, for the franchise is now so extended as nearly
to include all adult males. Indeed, the numbers
prove this. The population, exclusive of Chinese,
is 464,000. Of these 204,622 are males of
all ages. And more than half of these males,
152,000 names, are already on the register. A
wonderful proportion of adults ; explained, of
course, by the nature of the immigration.
If the result be ever so successful we may
expect all the old commonplaces about the dif-
ference between a colony and the mother country,
and the Ballot not being applicable here, though
it may succeed there—the fact being that many
of the differences are in favour of the mother
country. The elections there were in all respects
what ours were till the Ballot was iitroduced.
The publichouse-keepers especially were a great
power—they have now lost their influence. Street
rows were common, and all the usual kinds
• of disturbing and intimidating appliances—

they have all ceased. Canvassing was urgent and
harassing to quiet and dependent electors—it has
given way under the Ballot to public declarations
of opinion, through the press, the placard, and the
platform ; and public catechising " open and above
board," is, we are told, the only and the very useful
ordeal which candidates have to pass. Indeed,
things arc managed, in this respect, much as they
are in our own West Riding of Yorkshire. In
Australia, so far from persons promising and be-
lying their promises, the fact is, that it would ruin
the prospects of any candidate if it were known
that he canvassed and extorted promises. The
natural working of the Ballot is to make canvas-
sing discreditable, and to cause the electors gene-
rally to resent such an interference with the
liberty given them by the law of secret voting.

NDIA, CHINA, & AUSTRALIA

MAILS.

[BY ELECTRIC TELEGRAPH.]

SOUTHAMPTON, SATURDAY MORNING.
The Ripon, Captain Christian, has arrived with

the India, China, and Australian mails.
She left Alexandria July 22d; Malta, 26th;
Gibraltar, 31st; and brings 170 passengers, 10
packages specie (value not stated), seven cases valu-
ables, 1,453 bales silk, and general cargo.
She passed the Indus at 9.30 a.m. yesterday.

Her Majesty's ships Hibernia, Orior, Cadmus,
and Lapwing, at Malta ; Liffey, Quail, and Vulture,
at Gibraltar.

The Portuguese schooner Dos Amigos, at Gib-
raltar on the 28th, landed there the master and
crew, seven in number, of the Oldenburg brigan-
tine Bertha, which had sprung a leak, and foun-
dered on the 25th, 15 miles off Adra. She was
bound to Falmouth, laden with rye.
Gibraltar exchange on London, 50a- ; Paris, 5.29 ;
Marseilles, 5.30 ; Genoa, 5.31.

THE GREAT EASTERN STEAM-SHIP,

This colossal and magnificent vessel will, we
understand, be delivered up to the company by the
contractors, in an entirely -complete condition, on
Thursday week, the 18th inst. The fittings up are
of the most splendid description. It is said that
the furniture of the saloon alone has cost upwards
of £5,000. It is, we are informed, the intention of
the directors to proceed to sea forthwith with the
Great Eastern by way of testing her sailing powers;
, but instead of crossing the Atlantic, as was at one
time contemplated, it is now intended to go only
about half-way towards the American side of the
water ; it being believed that that distance will, in
every respect, adequately test the qualities of the
noble vessel.—Morning Advertiser.

His Excellency the Prince Ottojano and suite
have left Alaurigy's Hotel for Naples.

Lord and Lady Clermont have left Claridge's
Hotel for a tour on the Continent.

Lord and Lady Calthorpe and the Hon. Misses
Calthorpe, and Major the Hon. J. G. Calthorpe, will leave
town in a few days for a tour on the Continent.
COUNTY COURTS.—The Lord Chancellor has ap-

pointed Allen Maclean Skinner, Esq., Q.C., to be judge of
the county courts of Staffordshie held at Oldbury, Walsall,
and Wolvurhampton in the place of Mr. Sergeant Clarke,
d eceLsed .

TILE VICTORIA BELL.—The Howe bell for the
clock-tower of the Town-hall, Leeds, the casting of which
was entrusted to the firm of Joha Warner and Sons,
Crescent Foundry, London, is the finest model and speci

men, in point of design, casting, and quality of tone, ever
accomplished in England. The dimensions are as follows
—Diameter at mouth, Eft. 2 in. ; height, tft. ; thickness of
sound bow, bin. ; weight without clapper, 4 tons 1 cwt.
Oqr. 11b. ; note, B. The bell is named after her Majesty,
" Victoria," cast on the waist. Above the name is a profile
of the Queen, with the back hair slightly drooping. Round
the skirt above the sound bow is the following inscription:
" This bell, weighing 4 tons 1 cwt. Oqr. llb., was cast by
John Warner and Sons, of London, for the Town-hall,
Leeds, in the year of our Lord 1859. Cuthbert Brodrick,
architect." The bell will be suspended for the inspection
of those who are interested in church and clock bells during
next week, from ten till four, on presenting their card.
In the Huddersfield Committee this morning the
counsel for the petitioners withdrew from the scrutiny.
The committee adjourned till Monday, to consider decision.
Mr. Leatham will be declared duly elected. The Beverley,
Hull, and Preston committees are still examining wit-

nesses.
Mr. SPURGEON AT NORWICH.—The Rev. C. H.
Spurgeon preached two sermons at Norwich on Wednesday
in aid of his new "Tabernacle fund." The rev. gentle-
man addressed about 2,500 persons in the afternoon.in St.
Andrew's-hall, and an immense concourse-5,000 or 6,000
—in Chapel-field in the evening. The collection made
ammo.' the 2,500 assembled in St. Andrew's-hall realized
about £2S, and the rev. gentleman expressed to his evening
audience his disappointment at so inadequate a result. The
response was, however, still smaller, only £23 being raised.
This is not the first time Mr. Spurgeon has complained
that those who go to "hear" him do not respond liberally
to his fervid appeals.
THE CAPE OF GOOD HOPE.—The Chatham,' of
539 tons, Captain Joseph Ginder, belonging to Messrs.
Somes, sailed from Southampton on Thursday for Algoa
Bay with 239 emigrants selected by the Hon. William Field,
the commissioner appointed by the Cape Colony to conduct
their emigration. Of the number embarked there were 116
English, 84 Scotch, and 39 Irish ; 41 married couples, with
69 children, 63 single men, and 25 single women. They
were under the care of Surgeon-Superintendent James
Robert Tunraer ; religious instructor, Griffith Jones.
THE Loss OF THE ARGO.—An official inquiry,
directed by the Board of Trade, into the circumstances 11
under which the screw steamer Argo, chartered by the
Atlantic Royal Mail Steam Navigation Company, was
wrecked on the coast of Newfoundland on the 28th of last
June, was commenced at the Custom-house, Dublin, on
Thursday, before Frank Thorpe Porter, Esq., J.P., with
Captain Harris, R.N., as nautical assessor. Mr. O'Dowd
appeared on the part of the Board of Trade. Dr. Towns-
end, with Mr. J. M. Cantwell, appeared for the Trans-
atlantic Royal Mail Steam Navigation Company. The
proceedings were adjourned.
THE LATE WRECK ON THE GOODWIN SANDS.
—llAvar., Aug. 3.—The French barque which was lost on
the Goodwin Sands on the night of the 31st July, was the
De Rudder, of Granville, Captain Roger, from Buenos
Ayres to Antwerp, with tallow, hides, wool, bones, &c. The
master and mate were drowned ; the remainder of the crew
were saved by the Eolus (Swedish vessel), bound to Malaga,
which transferred them to a pilot boat, by which they were
landed at Calais.
THE CONDEMNED CONVICT AT WEST BROM-
wicir. -.No intimation of a reprieve for William Worsey,
condemned to death for the murder of his wife, has yet
been received at Stafford. His execution will take place
on Saturday next at eight in the morning, should no inti
mation to the contrary be received from the Home •office.
ACCIDENT ON CHATHAM LINES.—On Thursday
morning a soldier belonging to the 84th, named M`Ginn,
was discovered lying in the trench, near the sallyport, ap-
parently dead. He was removed to the garrison hospital
and medically inspected, when it was found that his back
and three of his ribs were broken, and he was otherwise so
seriously injured that he is not expected to live. He must
have fallen into the trench the previous evening, when on
his way across Chatham lines to the huts at Brompton.
The poor fellow has a wife and one child ; he has been 13
years in the service.
THE PRINCE OF WALES ON LOCHLOMOND.—On
Monday last the Prince of Wales joined the steamer Prince
of Wales at Inversuaid, and sailed down this far-famed
loch accompanied by Professor D. Sym Playfair and Col.
Bruce. His Royal Highness and the gentlemen with him
took luncheon in the steamer, and proceeded by rail from
Balloch Pier at four p.m. to Edinburgh.—Glasgow Even-
ing Mail.
RE-ESTABLISHMENT OF AUSTRIAN MAIL PACKET
SERVICE FROM TRIESTE.—The following notice has been
issued by command of the Postmaster-General :—" Infor.
Illation having been received that the Austrian postal ser-
vice by sea, between Trieste and Greece, the lonian Islands
Turkey and Egypt, is re-established, letters, &c.; for the
countries mentioned, may in future be forwarded by tho
route of Trieste, if addressed via Trieste,' or 'via Belgium.'
Letters, &c., for Alexandretta, Latakia, Mersina, Tripoli,
in Syria, an Janina, in Albania. cannot, for the present, be
forwarded via Trieste."

~ ~' !

HARBOUR IMPROVEMENTS IN NEW ZEALAND.
Letters from Nelson, New Zealand, mention that a con-
siderable sum of money was likely to be voted by the Pro-
vincial Council for Harbour Improvements, and for the
erection of a new lighthouse.
The hill empowering the President of the India
Council to raise a new loan was printed yesterday, and dif-
fers from previous bills by allowing more latitude as to the
form of security to be issued. Hitherto only bonds or de-
bentures have been specified, but it is now provided that
the loan may be in the shape of stock or annuities to be
transferrable free of charge at the Bank of England. It is
al ways difficult to form all anticipation as to the probable
preferences of the public in matters of this description; but
there is a strong impression among practical peened s that
the creation of a 5 per cent. Stock, to be manag at the
Bank of England in the same manner as the ordinary
funds, would find more general favour than any other ar
rangement. The amount of the current debentures, none
being less than ,c,500, has been a great impediment to their
circulation.
BEAUTY.—" Would to Heaven," said Schiller,
" it were possible to banish the notion, and even the very
word Beauty from use." he had read a hundredth part
of the profound inconsequentionalisms which philosophers,
from Plato down to Hegel and Sir William Hamilton, have
written concerning Beauty, or a thousandth part of the
shallow platitudes uttered by those who are not philosophers,
it is not to
.be wondered at that Schiller should have
groaned in spirit at.the bare word. For our own part we,
after reading the last new book, on the subject, feel as
though we, too, coul I be content that the word were
banished, so that for our solace the thing itself were left.
Literary Gazette,