The Sun.
London, England, 1866-10-27 00:00:00

A railroad is in course of construction, and the
Little Kanawha River is to be made navigable, by
locks and dams, to accommodate the increasing
business of the region. During the present year, up
to the 22d ult., the foreign export of petroleum
from the United States exceeded forty-two millions
of gallons. Last year, to the same period, it was
only 15,503,986 gallons, or a little over one-third
of this year's export. •
A comparison of the September with the October
statement of the public debt shows a decrease of
twenty-two and a third millions—it now being
$2,578,367,000.00. The amount of coin in the
Treasury is over $86,000,000, or au increase of
$10,000,000, while the currency has decreased four-
teen and a third millions.

Tho following is a statement of the Public Debt of the
United States on the Ist of Oct., 1866 :
Debt bearing Coin Interest.
Fivepercent. Bonds $108,091,30.00
Six per cent bonds of
1867-68
Six per cent. bonds of
1881 283,738,750.00
Six per cent 5-20 Bonds 798,162,250.00
Navy Pension Fund
Total debt bearing coi❑
interest
Debt bearing Currency Interest
Six per cent. 80nd5.... $8,922,000.00
Temporary loan
Three-year compound
interest notes
Three-year 7-30 notes 743,996,050.00
Total ---- 8930,930,190.06
Matured debt not presented for payment 23,302,372.14
Debt bearing No Interest.
United States notes 5399,165,292.00
Fractional Currency
Gold certificates of de-
posit
------ 487,252,205.33

Total Debt 52,701,530,709.27
Amount in Treasury
Coin
Currency
--- 128,213,767.59

Amount of debt, less cash in Treasury 52,573,336911.68
The foregoing is a correct statement of the Public
Debt, as appears from the books and Treasurer's returns
in the department on the Ist of October, 1866.
HUGH APCuLLocit, Secretary of the Treasury.

The light at Sharp's Island, Chesapeake Bay,
formerly exhibited from the bluff, has been discon-
tinued, and a new structure on screw piles has been
erected in seven and a half feet of water mean tide
bearing N.W. one half W. ; distant one-third of a
mile from the bed light. The new structure was to
be lighted for the first time on the evening of Octo-
ber 20th, 1866.

Every railway and express company out of Chi-
cago agree to transport Western offerings and col-
lections for the great Paris fair to New York, free
of expense. Tho Commissioner for Missouri says
Chicago will be the headquarters for the North-
west, entering everything there for transportation
or shipment. Part of the collections of Illinois were
on exhibition at the Chicago fair. It is stated that
public interest in that section is much excited on
this important subject.
We learn from Rhode Island that the Mount
Hope coal mines at Portsmouth are employing 100
men, and producing 16,000 tons of coal per year.
The main shaft has been sunk 1,265 feet, and
another about one-half that distance. A copper
mine in the immediate vicinity employs 30 men,
and produces 1,200 tons of copper per year. Some
of the ore yields 60 per cent of pure copper. The
Manufacturers' National and State banks of Provi•
deuce have declared 4 per cent. semi-annual divi-
dends, and the Liberty Bank of that city one of
3i per cent. The*Horse Associations of Boston,
Hartford, and Providence have decided to combine
their efforts, and to hold a union horse fair at the
latter city on Monday, October 22, and continuing
three days. The proposed second fair at Hartford
will consequently be given up.
REV. Ma. VAN METER.—We are glad to notice
that this American clergyman, who has accomplished so
much good by the establishment of the Howard Mission
in New York, is now in London. We understand that he
is interesting influential parties hero on behalf of his work
—the free education of neglected childr©n (many of them
born in Europe;, and their location in suitable homes at the
West, in America.
A monument, sixty feet high, of Scotch granite,
and to cost $2.5,000, is about to be raised to Colonel Colt,
inventor of the "Colt revolver."

The Peabody Institute, a splendid marble build-
ing presented to the city of Baltimore by Mr. George
Peabody, is to be dedicated on the 25th inst.
_ _

'The personal property of General Lee, has been
restored to him.'

We regret to record the death of the llon.
Abraham Hanson, Commissioner and Consul-General for
the United States to Liberia, which took place on the 20th
July last. He had resided at Mouravia for the last four
years. The first two as commercial agent, and for the last
two as Commercial Agent and Consul-General, represent-
ing his own Government with great ability and impar-
tiality. Ho exerted himself to extend and strengthen
friendly relations between Liberia and the United States,
and to promote the welfare and happiness of the coloured
man, both in Africa and out of it.
Senator Patterson and Mrs. Patterson, son-in-
law and daughter of the President, were to leave on Sa-
turday, Oct. 26, for their home in Tennessee, there to re-
main for two or three weeks.

A telegram from New Orleans states that 11I'Iver,
the Knight of Arabia, now in the military prison in that
city, has made a confession, implicating prominent per-
sons in the South.

Charles P. Kimball has been appointed Surveyor
of Customs for the Districts of Portland and Falmouth,
Maine.

The President, Oct. 5, made the following ap-
pointments :---Francis A. Hall, Register of Land Office at
Monroe, Louisiana ; James F. M`Guire, Receiver of Public
Moneys &c., at Monroe, Louisiana ; Slmuel T. Williams,
of Maryland, United States Consul at Hamburgh.
The numerous anxious friends of the Marquis de
Montholon, whose son was supposed to have been
captured and executed by the Liberals in Mexico, will be
gratified to learn that letters received from the young
man on October 5 gi%o evidence of his entire safety.

NAVAL. Rear-Admiral Dahlgren has been
ordered to take passage from New York on the Ist of De-
cember, to command the South Pacific squadron.
We have reason to believe that H.R.H. the
Prince of Wales will commence his journey to St. Peters-
burg on Monday, the sth of November, en route to be
present at the marriage of his sister the Princess
Dagmar to the Czarewitch.
Edmund Kirke and Julia Ward Howe are to be
editors of the new magazine about to be published in New
York.

Mr. Edwin Bates, Attorney-General under Mr.
Lincoln's administration, is rapidly declining in health,
and it is feared ho cannot long survive.

THE UNITED STATES TREASURY.—The New
York Times editorially says :—" Secretary M'Culloch has
just given to the public another most encouraging exhibit
of the national indebtedness. They show a net liquida-
tion of $22,346,226 during the month of September; of
$96,951,425 since June Ist, 1866; and of $184,916,334
since August Ist, 1865, when the debt was largest. The
net indebtedness..of the country, August Ist, 1865, was
$2,757,253,276; October Ist, 1863, it was $2,753,336,942;
net liquidation in fourteelk months, $183,916,334. Thus it
appears that the debt has been cancelled at the monthly
rate of over $13,000,000 since August 1, 1865. It is quite
confidently anticipated that this rate of liquidation can be
easily maintained until the public burdens shall have been
redui::ed to moderate proportions, and until the legal pri-
vileges of premature redemption of the interest bearing
bonds and notes shall have been exhausted. Through the
summer and early autumn of the current year, the progress
of liquidation has been very rapid, having averaged over
twenty-four millions a month." We read in the New York
World of the 6th :—" The official statement of the public
debt on the Ist of October, which we print this morning,
shows that its amount on that day, less cash in the Trea-
sury, was $2,573,336,941. Going back two months, and
comparing this with the corresponding statement made on
the Ist August, \ye find there has been a reduction of
$59,762,335, or about $60,000,000 in sixty-one days. At
this surprising rate the whole debt would be extinguished
in less than seven years. It is obvious that the rate of
reduction will be rapidly accelerated as the debt approaches
extinction, inasmuch as large sums now annually paid to
keep down the interest will then go towards the liquida-
tion of the principal."
COST OF A CRIMINAL—In Massachusetts it costs
some $ tog) to support a person in gaol. The productive
period of life is usually reckoned as 55 years—from 15 to
70. It would cost the community at this rate $22,000 to
support a person in gaol during the productive period of
life. Noris this all. For, if the tame person is transferred
from the dangerous to the productive class, and earns an
average of $l2 per week, his earnings for the same period
will be $34,320. This makes a difference, in the produc-
tive period of a single person, of $56,320. The loss does
not stop even hero. For, while parents are in gaol, their
children are either vagrants or paupers—learning to become
criminals at a present cost to the public. To repress crime
we must begin at the beginning, and use every effort to
save the children. Let every city look well to this duty.
It will pay, from whatever point of view we look at it.
The financial gain in saving the children of the street is
groat, but the moral and spiritual gain is greater still.—
Watchman and Reflector.