The Sun.
London, England, 1859-09-15 00:00:00

THE SUN, LONDON, THURSDAY EVENING, SEPTEMBER 15, 18b9.

even the stocks. Why should not those who have
to punish military rogueries do without such things

Is well As we? Do they wish to give a handle to

peace men—to put into their mouths the argument,

th at while civilians have left to Austrian brutality the
iv ;e of the stick, military men and their soldiers, are
st ) much more like Austrians than Englishmen, that
trey cannot dispense with it. We do not believe
t hat our private soldiers are worse men for becorn-
i soldiers. And if they could b 2 kept in order
In 'fore they enlisted, without the lash, they surely
cal i afterwards. Will the advocates of flogging
say that the army is a corrupter of those who enter
it— such a corrupter that they cannot be governed
like other men, but by punishments at which
huran nity literally sickens ? JOHN BRIGHT would
know show to use such a text.

Wr'e may well ask of flogging, cu i Bono As to
the icnan himself, if he be a confirmed rascal, flog-
ging• will never beat his rascality out of him ; if,
on the .other hand, the man has any germs of good-
ness or honour left, flogging will destroy them.
The hardened villain had better be got rid of as
we get rid of any bad servant. He can never be
of 'any use in the army, but lie may corrupt others.
Let him be drummed out by all means, as un-
worthy to associate longer with honourable com-
raales, and let the civil law punish appropriately
all his frauds and breach of service. But for a man of
whom there yet is hope a more mischievous punish-
ment than flogging could not be devised. No man
can ever afterwards call himself a man again. He
has lost caste. No future obedience, or skill, or
bravery can obliterate the marks of the lash. He
is a degraded man to his dying day, and we do not
want men in the army who feel themselves de-
graded. Will the once-flogged man, in the hour
of the greatest need, ever be a candidate for the
Victoria Cross ? Will not his feeling be—no mark
of honour can efface that old dishonour.
There certainly is wisdom in the view that the
naval and military services must be treated and dealt
with essentially on the same principles as any
skilled service. The bounty system is at best a
kind of kidnapping system—we mean, it blinds the
eyes of a needy or a too jovial man by the momen-
tary gains. Men are allured, by a nice " lump" of
money, to work and wages of which they afterwards
sicken ; such men are not precisely the men We
want as our defenders. We should have, not
soldiers and sailors who feel that they once
recklessly sold themselves into a kind of slavery,
but men who think themselves fairly paid for their
work, and who would not willingly exchange it
for any other. This might be a costly plan, though
we are by no means sure that it would not in the
long run be less costly than the present one. The
details would require careful consideration, but we
should at least rest upon sound economical princi-
ples, if we made our soldiers feel that they had sold
their lives, labour, and skill in the dearest market,
and would get, on the whole, less for them than
in any other. " Pay" is, we all know, a magic
word with a soldier. Ought it not to be such that
desertion would be its own punishment, and that it
would be the most dreaded penalty for many other
offences, to be turned out of the army for life.
We shall be told, of course, that flogging has a
deterring effect beyond any other punishment. It
would not seem so. The offences thus punishable
have rather increased under it. It seems to have
no effect on the hardened, and others do not need
such a terror. Decent soldiers and sailors, like
other men of their grade, have both their sense of
honour and their dread of the disgrace or of the un-
pleasantness, of much more civilised punishments.
Moreover, the age of torture is past. We no longer
add bodily pains to punishment. Let Russia,
Austria, Naples, do it—England does it no longer.
Even if a man killed the Sovereign, we should be
content to hang him. We must renounce, therefore,
torture in the army, too. The thing has been out
of date since the days of JA3IES 11. and JEFFREY S.
Society will not now tolerate punishments at the
sight of which both officers and strong men
sicken and faint.

BRITISH ASSOCIATION.

ABERDEEN, WEDNESDAY.

The 28th congress of the British Association was
opened here this evening, when the Prince Consort
assumed the Presidentship, and delivered the inau-
gural address before upwards of 2,000 persons.
His ROYAL HIGHNESS spoke for an hour, and
referring to his presidency, said :—" I felt that I
could, from the peculiar position in which Provi-
dence has placed me, appear as the representative
of that large public which profits by and admires
your exertions ; and I saw, in my acceptance of the
office, the means of which necessarily so few are
offered to her Majesty, of testifying to you, through
the instrumentality of her husband, that your
labours are not unappreciated by your Sovereign,
and that she wishes her people to know this as
well as yourselves."

LATEST,NEWS.

_ . ---.4.-. -

The following telegrams have been received at
Mr. Renter's office :

MARSEILLES, SEPT. 14.
Advices have been received from Constantinople
to the 7th instant.

The Sultan nearly lost his life last Saturday.
An lonian captain commanding an English steam-
tug drove his vessel twice against the Imperial
Caique, and the Sultan was saved with great
difficulty. The captain has been arrested, and Sir
Henry Bulwer has assured the Government that
the most searching inquiry shall be made into this
affair.

The Governor of Candia has sent in his resigna-
tion. The smuggling of arms continues there, and
a seizure of a bomb vessel charged with powder

,as been made.

The political agitation in Servia is on the increase.
The National Assembly (Skuptschina) has been

convoked.

VIENNA, SEPT. 15.

The Imperial Law Gazette of to-day announces
that the premium on the interest of the National
Loan, falling due in the months of October, Novem-
ber, and December, 1859, has been fixed at 15 per
cent.

PARMA, SEPT. 14.

The National Assembly, in its sitting of to-day,
unanimously voted the confirmation of Signor

Farini as Dictator.

The Assembly further resolved to take into con-
sideration a proposal to authorise the Dictator to
contract a loan, the amount of which remains to be
fixed.

MARSEILLES, SEPT. 14.

A message received from Tunis states that the
Bey of Tunis has been attacked with serious illness,
and the French physician had been summoued to
his aid. A second message received from the above
city states that he had been attacked with erysipe-
las in the left side, but that hopes were entertained
of his recovery.

GIBRALTAR, SEPT. 12.

Advices received from Tangiers state that no
serious disturbances had taken place in any part of
the territory of Morocco, and that Sidi Mohammed
was on march from Morocco to Fez. Sidi Moham-
med had been proclaimed Emperor at Fez,
Mequinez, Tetuin, and Arabas, and he was about
to be proclaimed Emperor at Tangiers.

TURIN, SEPT. 14.

The deputations from Parma and Modena are
expected here to-morrow. The members of the
Modenese deputation are—Advocate Muratori,
Count Ancini, Professor Zini, Advocate Brizzolari,
Doctor Sacerdoti, and Professor Selmi ; and the
Parmesan members are—the Marquis Muschi, Count
Sanvitale, Maestro Verdi, Professor Fiorrozi, and
Marquis Dolsi.
The National Guard will be under arms to wel-
come the above deputations.

declared that he would never voluntarily permit a
non-Austrian soldier to enter their walls. The mo-
deration recently displayed by the King of Sardinia
in regard to the Duchies was forced, the Emperor
Napoleon having desired him not to agree to the
proposed annexation. Had the King listened to
the dictates of his ambition, and accepted the offer
made him by the Tuscans and Modenese, Count
Colloredo would have been re-called from Zurich,
and Austria would probably again have declared
war against Sardinia. When the editors of the
Vienna papers had an interview with Baron Hubner,
a few days ago, that statesman desired them never
to lose sight of the fact that Tuscany and Modena
were hereditary provinces of the House of Haps-
burg. It has recently been asserted that a Euro-
pean Congress is to settle the non-Lombard part of
the Italian question, but it is still doubtful whether
one will meet.

The Siecle says :—" The solution involving the
redemption of Venice, attacked with such violence
by the ultramontane party, is so far regarded in a
serious light that many persons have come to in-
form us of their willingness to place their offerings
at the disposal of the unfortunate inhabitants of
Venetia, and that if a public subscription were or-
ganised, the poor as well as the rich would bring
in their contributions. Two ladies have offered a
considerable sum, for which we thank them in the
name of humanity."

" Spain," Eays the Union, " has protested against
the deposition of Duke Robert, of Parma. The pro-
test is well founded, and would be worthy of a
Government being itself the correct expression of
political right. But we have to remark that this
act loses its principal weight by coming from a
Government which itself only exists through the
fact of a deposition."

A Paris letter in the Nord says :—" The incident
which has occurred in China is considered calculated
to draw closer the alliance between England and
France by the necessity of exercising reprisals for
the attack on the Peiho. The journals of London,
according to all probability, will suspend their
attacks on the French Government, whose co-ope-
ration against Chinese perfidiousness is more in-
dispensable than ever. For some days past, and
especially since the departure of Prince Richard de
Metterl4ich for Vienna, the negotiations between
the Cabinets of Paris and London on the affairs of
Paly have become more active and friendly ; and
it is asserted that the two Cabinets are on the eve
of coming to an understanding both as to the meet-
ing of a Congress and the basis of its discussions."

A letter from Bologna of the 10th. states that
General Fanti is actively engaged in organising the
army of Central Italy, which will soon be raised to
60,000 men. General Garibaldi arrived there on
the 9th, and set out again immediately for Ferrara.

The King of Sardinia is expected at Cremona
about the 21st.

The municipality of Como having informed
General Garibaldi of their intention of erecting a
monument in commemoration of the battle of San
Fermo, the general has replied as follows from
\1 oden a :

" The engagements which took place in May last
in your town and neighbourhood are worthy of
being recorded. Great indeed was the bravery of
the riflemen of the Alps, most of whom belonged
to your population. How can I express my gra-
titude towards you ? For the little I have done
you have held me up to the esteem of Italy and
even of distant nations. Ten years ago, when I
had the honour of fighting on the soil of Lombardy,
I covered the national banner with crape, because
it had been forced to yield to the pressure of the
foreigner. That act weighed on my heart for ten
years, while I hoped to return and fight again on
your fields. May God, who has fulfilled these hopes,
bless the thankful and religious people that has
suffered so much."

The Cologne Gazette says :—" We learn that the
Prussian Government has approved of the plans for
constructing a permanent bridge over the Rhine at
Coblentz. The new bridge is to be placed at about
200 yards above the present bridge of boats. It is
probable that the execution of the works will com-
mence in the spring."

The King of the Belgians, according to the
Brussels journals, is to return to Brussels before
the 25th.

The Indepe.dance of Brussels says :—" Count de
Flandre, on his return from Scotland, is to pay a
visit to the Royal family of Holland. We are able
to announce that the object of it is to arrange the
conditions of an interview between the two Courts
of Belgium and Holland, in October next, in the
Grand Duchy of Luxemburg, on the occasion of the
inauguration of the railway which is to unite that
province to Belgium."

The Madrid journals of the 10th are, like those
of preceding days, principally occupied by the pro-
jected expedition against Morocco, but they give
no new details respecting it. They state that of
the numerous family of the late Emperor of Morocco,
not fewer than ten sons are now living, all some-
what advanced in life.

AMERICA.

SOUTHAMPTON, WEDNESDAY NIGHT.

The Saxonia, from New York to Hamburg, has
arrived, with 150 passengers, 257,500 dols. for
England ; 125,600 dols. for France ; and 1,000 dols
for Hamburg. Her advices are anticipated.

SOUTIIAMPTON, THURSDAY MORNING.
The screw steamer Bremen, from New York on
the 3d inst., passed Hurst at 9.55 a.m.

THE WEST INDIA MAILS.

SOUTHAMPTON, WEDNESDAY.
The Royal Mail Company's steamship Atrato,
Capt. F. Wooiley, arrived this afternoon, at two
o'clock, from the West Indies, with the usual mails
in charge of Lieut. Cashman, Admiralty agent.
On her homeward voyage the Atrato experienced
fine weather for the first week, subsequently east-
erly, and strong north-westerly winds the last three
days.
The Atrato brings on freight 502,750 dols. silver,
on merchants' account; 98,136 dols. gold dust and
gold in bars ; £ll5 plating; £142 jewellery; 1,597
serons of cochineal, 127 serons of bark, £3,000
pearls ; 30 serons of balsam, 5 sacks of coffee, 7
packages of bees wax, 25 packages of limes, 7 cases
of cigars, 3 bales of tobacco, 16 cases of tortoise;
shell, 41 packages of ore, 83 bales of sarsaparilla,
53 cases of succades, and a general cargo, consisting
of 46 packages of sundries.
Her dates of sailing are :--Grey Town, August
17 ; Belize (Honduras), 17 ; Colon, 23 ; Demerara,
25 ; Carthagena, 25 ; Trinidad, 26 ; Jamaica, 26 ;
Grenada, 27 ; Barbadoes, 28 ; Jacmel, 28 ; Antigua,
30 ; St. Kitt's, 30 ; Nevis, 30 ; Montserrat, 30 ;
Porto Rico, 30 ; St. Thomas, September 1.
Her Majesty's ship Basilisk was at Carthagena
looking after British interests during the disturbed
state of that place.
Her Majesty's ship Racer left Honduras on Aug.
17th, for Jamaica.

The Imaum, Valorous, and Skipjack, at Jamaica ;
the Arachne at Port-au-Prince; the Atalanta at

Antigua.
United States :ships.—The St. Louis, at Cartha-
gena ; the Boanake (flag), at Colon ; the James-
town, at Grey Town; the Sabine left Colon for
Grey Town.
Sept. 10, lat. 44 49 N., long. 29 29 W., spoke a
burp:, supposed to be the Isabella Kerr, home-
ward bound.

Sept. 11, lat. 47 11 N., long. 23 5 W., spoke the
American ship Calliope; and Lucy Thompson,
standing to the north.
The Paramatta is still on Anegada Reef. The
divers, &c., and material taken out by the Atrato,
were conveyed to the reef by that ship, after
transferring mails, passengers, and cargo at St.
Thomas. All hands on board the Paramatta speak

confidently of her coming off, and they are actively
engaged in constructing bulkheads, &c.

JAMAICA, AUG. 26.—We regret to state that
there has not been any improvement during the
past fortnight in the very dull state of things
mentioned in our last report. Fortunately we
have had scarcely any addition to stocks. The
imports, since our last issue, amount comparatively
to nothing ; and consequently, although purchasers
have continued in their disinclination to operate
largely, prices remain pretty generally as last
quoted, with the exception of flour, which has
declined in consequence of advices from the States.
The Falmouth disturbances are at an end. Very
complimnetary addresses have been presented to
the Governor, owing to some unjustifiable attacks
which had been made on him by a portion of the
local press. The weather is favourable, and the
island generally healthy.