The Sun.
London, England, 1832-09-10 00:00:00

!bv
*ult.

LONDON,
MONDAY EVENING, SEPTEMBER 10, 1832.

The sudden departure of General GOBLET on
Saturday evening for Brussels has excited some
sensation in the political circles. Yesterday three
Kings Messengers crossed the channel with
Important despatches, supposed to relate to
the definitive settlement of the Belgian question.
So urgent was the nature of the despatches that
a Government steam-boat was ordered to be got
ready previously to the arrival of the Messengers
at Dover.

Extracts from Lisbon-Or
Gazettes, to the 26th
of August, will be found in another column,
but we place no faith in their veracity.

The French Papers of Saturday mention that
a new insurrection has burst out in Lithuania,
and that the accounts from Italy speak of par-
tial conflicts as occurring almost daily in the
Papal dominions, between the Patriots and the
troops of the PoPE. It was rumoured at Paris,
that the fleet of the Paella of EGYPT
had landed troops near Scutari (Albania),
which, it was feared, would cause some
danger to Constantinople. It was also
reported that an important Carlist movement
Was on the eve of taking place in the west of
France. M. DUPIN, it was said, had again
failed id his hopes of a seat in the Cabinet, and
meant to propose himself for, the Presidency of
the Chamber of Deputies.

FRENcn FUNDS.-PARts' SEPT. 8.-Five per Cents., 971. 40c.
45c. 40c. 35c. 45c. 97f. 40c. 45c. 50c. 45c. 50c. ; Loan of 1832, 98f.
Mc. 50c. ; Four 'per Cents., 81f. 25c. ; Three per Cents., 69f.
'Sc. 80c. 85c. 80c. ; National Loan, 97f. 65c. ; Bank Actions,
1,660 f.; Rente de Naples, 818 75c. 80c. 90e. 85c. 90c. ; Ro.
fan Fiveper Cents., 81!6 4 ; Rente d'Espagne, 12Y, ; Royal
;anish Loan, 78% 79 7934 ; Rente Perpetuelle d'Espagne,
h 59 59,i 59 5918 4 59% 14 ; Belgic Loan, 11”4 % Ex-
si'4l•lge on London-One month, paper,rnoney, 25f.
c• Three months, paper, 25f. 65c. ; money, 25f. 6ac.-Cours
Authentique.

lbw
We understand that although the arrange-
ments for a daily estafette communication with
Paris have been agreed upon between the Duke
of ItrcHnioND and the French Directeur Gene-
ral des Postes, it will hardly be possible to carry
them into execution by January next, as was at
first intended, and that there is now no prospect
of any post-office communication with Paris by
the way of Dieppe. An offer was made to the
Duke of RICHMOND and the French Govern-
ment to establish steam-packets of a large size
between Brighton and Dieppe for the conveyance
of letters and despatches, on very easy terms,
and it was warmly encouraged by Prince TAL-
LtYnAND, after an assurance had been made to
him by persons on whose judgment and veracity
reliance could be placed, that the passage between
Brighton and Dieppe could be kept open during
the winter with equal, if not greater facility, than
between Dover and Calais ; but the Duke of
RICHMOND, although he commissioned a gen-
tleman connected with the scheme to say that
he was willing to try the plan on two days of
the week, appeared desirous of making the ser-
Vice a post-office rather than a contract affair,
and consequently the parties allowed it to drop.
The importance of such a mode of communi-

cation would, however, be very great. Letters
from London to Paris by Dieppe would arrive
in twenty-eight hours, and the merchants of
Rouen and Havre whose letters, having to go
first to Paris, and thence by Calais to London,
are four days on the route, would be able to re-
ceive answers from our metropolis in less time
than is now required for the transmission of their
letters from Paris to London. The Chamber of
Commerce of Rouen made strong representa-
tions to the Government on the subject., and the
Prefect of that place took great interest in the
promotion of their views ; but the influence of
two or three Stock Exchange speculators who
were desirous of limiting the Post-office inter-
course to four days of the week, so as to give
them the advantage of private expresses on the
other two, opposed it with success. According
to the arrangement now made between our Post
Master-General and the French Government, a
daily communication is to take place by Calais,
but we understand that private intrigue is at
work to defeat the plan, and we therefore earn-
estly recommend to our merchants, and those of
the French capital, who are anxious for its being
carried into effect, to press the matter so forci-
bly that the Authorities in neither country may
be able to retract.

Well did SHAKSPEARE put the question
" What's in a name ?" into the mouth of one
whose mind was in a state that rendered it in-
capable of judgment, for none knew better
than himself, that every thing was in a name.
How many nuisances do we not submit to be-
cause they are called old customs ? To how
much injustice, because we are told it is law ?
To how much misery and unhappiness, because
we are told it is glory ? Nay, not only are
whole nations thus governed by names, but indi-
viduals and bodies of individuals ; and what is
more extraordinary, names appear to have the
most effect upon them when they are avowedly
in pursuit of a personal and individual interest.
Had the legislature told the landowners in 1815,
1822, and 1828, " we will pass Corn Laws
to increase the amount of your poor-rates, to
diminish the growth of British corn, to render
its price uncertain and fluctuating, and vastly to
augment the importations of foreign corn,"
would they not have raised an outcry that would
have resounded from one extreme of the island
to the other ? Doubtless; but the laws were
named protective laws, and they were passed by
acclamation. It was their name alone that
passed them, for there cannot be a doubt that
they have been the most disastrous measures
ever framed by any legislature. Such, however,
is the influence of a name that thus still im-
poses, not only upon many agriculturists, in
whose favour they were intended to operate,
but upon many manufacturers, whom we have
no hesitation in saying they were intended to
operate against. That they do operate against
them, there is no doubt, but it is not in the way
they imagine. Let us see what Mr. MUNDELL
says with regard to both parties :—" The home
growers of corn believe these laws afford
them a protection, whereas the laws passed in
and since 1815 have deprived them of the pro-
tection they formerly enjoyed, The manufactu-
rers again conceive, that the operation of
these laws is to restrain the importation of
foreign corn, and to prevent them from ex-
changing the products of their industry for fo-
reign produce, whereas the effect of the Corn
Laws, since 1815, has been to increase the im-
portation of foreign corn." Mr. MUNDELL
then proceeds unanswerably to establish his last
position, by giving a table of the quantity of corn
imported in every period of five and fifteen years
from 1775 downwards. By this table it appears
that the number of quarters of corn imported in the

Fifteen years ending 1785 was 7,566,409
Ditto ditto ditto 1800 was 17,607,125
Ditto ditto ditto 1815 was 20.230,852
Ditto ditto ditto 1830 was 46,375.456

It will be observed that the increase in the
fifteen years ending 1800 was very great, but this
Mr. MUNDELL attributes to the great scarcity
which prevailed from 1794-5 to 1801-2, and
with some show of reason, for the importations
in the five years ending 1815 were upwards o
1,700,000 quarters less than they were in the
five years ending in 1800. Up to 1815 the
trade in corn continued virtually free ; but so far
from there being that overwhelming importation
which is now sod readed, the average of the five years
ending in that year, after deducting exports, was
only about a million of quarters per annum. The
landed interest wished to stop this, fancying that
th• distress they felt, in common with the rest of
the country, was attributable to it, and actually
passed a law prohibiting the importation of
wheat till it reached 80s. per quarter. This was
altered by an Act passed at the beginning of the
reign of the late King, allowing importation
when the price reached 70s. on payment of a
duty of 12s. This was again altered by the
Duke o' WELLINGTON'S Act, in 1828, which
allows wheat to be imported at 625. per quarter
on payment of a duty of 245. Bd., diminishing
ls. for each is. of increase in the price, until it
reaches 735., when ls. only is payable. Has
the cupidity of the landowners been gratified by
these short-sighted and selfish measures ? So
far from it, that the importations of foreign
wheat have gradually risen, till, in the five years
ending in 1830, they amounted to 22,151,525
quarters ! ! Let landlords ponder upon that,
and be convinced that an act of injustice always
brings its own punishment. The fluctuations
in price which have prevailed in corn since 1815,
are as notorious as they have proved ruinous.
The reason assigned by Mr. 'MUNDELL for the
steady progress of our agriculture previous to
1815, and the increase in the cultivation of corn
advancing with the increase of the inhabit-
ants of the country, is, that our demand
being allowed to operate constantly upon the
shipping ports of the Baltic, and elsewhere,
raised the price of them almost to a level with
our own, so that the temptation to speculate was
very small; but that since then, our demand only
operating occasionally, the price ofcorn abroad falls
so low that the speculator buys it up, and stores
it " 41 warehouses at home, for the purpose of
foreign trade, and he has, at all times, a quan-
tity of foreign corn ready to enter for home con-
sumption, whenever the price reaches the import-

able price ; and as the home growth dimi-
nishes, (which it necessarily does, under the
operation of the existing law,) the trade of the
dealer in foreign corn becomes the more certain
and gainful, and the situation of the home grower
becomes the more uncertain and hazardous."
In the last words of this sentence lies the whole
secret of the present distress of the agricultural
interest. The outgoings of the farmer upon his
operations are certain, his incomings uncertain ;
and so they must continue as long as it is at-
tempted to run counter to the laws of Nature.
We know that Lord WYNFORD and his friends
have a curious mode of arguing, by which they
attempt to show that it is for the interest of the
manufacturers and the bulk of the nation that
foreign corn should be prohibited altogether, till
the English farmer has obtained some enormous
price for his wheat, say 80s. per quarter. " If,"
says his Lordship, " the farmers and landowners
get a good price for their produce, it is evident
they can better afford to give the manufacturers
a good price for theirs, and that the home
market is that which ought to be cultivated."
By the same method of reasoning, or
rather arguing, it might be proved ad-
vantageous, that the Civil List of the
KING should be trebled, that the salaries of all
the great officers of the State should be increased
in the same proportion, &c., because they would
have the more to spend among the productive
classes. But as we do not think it likely that a
higher duty than the present will be imposed on
foreign corn, this is an absurdity against which
it is needless to say another word.
It must be remembered, says Mr. MUNDELL,
that although the average price of wheat has for
the last four years not exceeded 645., yet that
that, looking to the difference in the exchange-
able value of money, is equal to what 130 s. was
in 1815. He accounts for the continued fall of
rents, in spite of this circumstance, by the fall-
ing-off in the amount of the produce, and the
increased cost of its production, from increase of
poor-rates, &c. He defines rent to be
the surplus produce which remains after
defraying the cost of production." Whether
we take this, or the more commonly received
definition, it is clear that if any corn lands be
thrown out of cultivation, it will be the poorest,
which must necessarily occasion a fall in the rent
of the best. The increase in the poor-rates
since 1815 has been 1,726,0001., the whole of
which Mr. MUNDELL lays to the account of
the agricultural labourers thrown out of employ
by our diminished cultivation. We must con-
fess we cannot quite agree with him in this, for
from the best accounts we have, a large part of
the increase may be attributed to the increase of
the pauper population, without any employment
being found for them.
It appears, then, that the landlords have not
attained their object, nor could they have done so
without an act of injustice to the consumers of
corn. That their measures have inflicted great
injury upon every class of' the community as
well as themselves, we think we shall be able
hereafter to show, although that injury has not,
as they expected, operated to their own benefit.
The remedy proposed by Mr. MUNDELL is
a fixed duty at all prices, " because an im-
portable price not only prevents our great de-
mand from operating freely and equally at all
times abroad and at home, but increases the
frequency and amount of fluctuations." So far
we agree with Mr. MUNDELL ; but we will
add that the duty should be imposed for the
purposes of revenue only, and not for the pur-
poses of protection. This would in some de.
gree regulate its amount. Mr. M. then pro-
ceeds to argue in favour of a drawback equal to
the duty upon the exportation of homegrown
Corn. To the policy of this we cannot yield our
assent, but to state our reasons would at present
lead us too far. It may be sufficient to observe for
the present, that a drawback upon the iden-
tical article upon which the duty has been levied,
and a drawback on an article grown at home, on
which little or no duty has been levied, are very
different things. Who ever heard of a draw-
back being proposed to be granted on the ex-
portation of gin equal to the duty upon the im-
portation of brandy ? It is true, that Mr.
MUNDELL does not seem to think there would
be much drawback called for, but we object to
the thing upon principle.

SHIPPING INTELLIGENCE-(THIS DAY.)

DEAL, SEPT. 9.—Wind W.S.W.—.Arrived from the
PROM
river and remained, the Miranda, Brown, for Mauritius.
POIITSNIOUTII, SEPT. 8, 9.—Wind W.S.W.—Passed
by, the Ganger, Boutthie, from Bengal.
PLYMOUTH, SEPT. B.—Wind S.W.—Arrived his Ma-
jesty's ship Crocodile from Trincomalee, sailed April 22,
from Ma lras 29th, and St. Helena, July 19 ; and Mungo
from Bordeaux.

FALMOUTH, SEPT. 7, B.—Wind N.N.W. to W.N.W.
light.--Arrived the. Dash, Mann, from Bahia. Sailed the
African steam packet for Lisbon ; Colombi i ditto, for the
Mediterranean ; the Lady Mary Pelham, for the Brazils;
Reynard steam-packet, for Halifax and Bermuda ; London
merchant steamer, for Oporto; and Rosewall, Rose-
wall, for Oporto.
Cowas, SECT. 9.—Arrived the Mcla, Gaskell, from
Rio Janeiro.

BRISTOL, SEPT. 9.—Arrived the Earl of Liverpool,
Penes, from Nevis and St. Kitt's; Chieftain, Blair, and
Gawland from Riga.
.JERSEY, SEPT. 7.—Arrived the Crusader, Smith, from
St. Peteraburgh.

HOL Yll EA D, Sari.. S.—Arrived off port—the Gem,
from Newfoundland.

BELFAST, SEPT, 7.—Arrived the John, Esehlin, from
Archangel.

DUBLIN, SEPT. B.—Arrived the Eliza, Woodall, from
Smyrna.

CORK, SEPT. 7.—Arrived the Dart, Dilham, from
Ci-
vita Vecchia; and William and Robert from New Bruns-
wick. Off port the Cheviot, Wall, from Quebec.
LIVERPOOL, SEPT. S.—Arrived the Tom Bowline,
from Laguna; and Lily, Royerdrn, from Trieste. Off
port—the Caledonia, Graham, from New York ; Niva"
rino, from Quebec ; Mercury, from Cape Breton ; Reform,
from Smyrna; Liverpool and Rowe, from Trieste.

LISBON, AUG. 25.—The squadron of the Queen under
Admiral Sartorius appeared off this morning.

CHOLERA MORBUS, OFFICIAL REPORT.

CENTRAL BOARD OF HEALTH.
COUNCIL OFFICE, WHITEHALL.—(THIS DAY.)
DAILY REPORT of CHOLERA CASES.
COUNTRY.
Remaining at last Report, 2297—New'Cases,919—Deaths,333--
Recovered, 807—Remaining, 2076. TOtai Cases since the com-
mencement, 49,394—Deaths, 18,214. •
(Signed) WM. MACLEAN, Secretary.

The construction of an iron road from Nantes
to Orleans is in contemplation. The cost is estimated at
twenty millions of francs.

THE FUNDS.-(THIS DAY.)

CITY, 7' it'ELVE O'CLOCK.

A Lisbon mail has arrived this morning, which wiled on
the 26th August (it is not brought by the regular packet
ship), and at present we do not hear that she has brought
any letters from Oporto, consequently she could not have
touched at Oporto.

The Lisbon Papers are void of any inform•ition of im.
portance, but we have been favoured with a private letter
from Lisbon received by a respectable merchant in the city.

" Lisbon, Aug. 26.
" Nothing particular has occurred here since my last, ex-
cept the marching of all the regular troops of the line to
the north ; the police guard, militia, and volunteers are
almost the whole of the force which remains here at pre-
sent, and it is easy to see that both parties are
at times on the balance of opinion as to which
way things will go with respect to Lisbon ;
but it may be said that the Lisbon Gazette is a tissue of
lies and false representations. On the 17th of August the
forts announced the return of the Portuguese squadron,
which anchored in Cascaes Bay. Early the next day Don
Miguel went on board his steamer to have the pleasure of
seeing them, and observed, with his glass, several vessels
at some distance, without colours flying; upon which he
drew a conclusion that they were prizes taken by his
squadron. He became quite elated, and returned in la iste,
ordering the forts to fire a royal salute ; and sent to th•
commanders of the different corps to announce the joyful
news and to illuminate, which was very generally done
throughout the city. At the same time not a boat
was suffered to approach the squadron, but soon after
the truth was generally known, and it was ascer-
tained that the squadron had an action with Admiral
Sartorius, and the Portuguese ships ran away during the
night, putting out their lights so as not to be followed. The
largest frigate has several shots in her main-mast. Every
fort on both sides the Tagus fired a Royal salute, except
St. Julian and St. George's Castle, and the number of ar-
tillery which fired could not be less than from 220 to 250
pieces."
Calcutta Papers to the 24th March, and Madras to the
29th April, have been received at the North and South
American Coffee-house.

The Calcutta Papers give a letter from the camp of
Loheret Dugaga, stating that all was quiet there, and
that they have not seen or heard of an enemy for up-
wards of a month. The last accounts from Palamou state
that Colonel Hauty had joined Lieutenant Drummond,
and all was tranquil.

The Madras Papers state, that his Majesty's ship Cro-
codile is to sail for England.
The Right Honourable the Governor and suite have
reached Neilyherries.
The Bengal Ihskaru of the 16th of March contains a
report of the meeting in Calcutta, held for the purpose of
taking into consideration the expediency of petitioning
Parliament fur a legislative enactment to enable parties in
civil actions at law to have their causes tried by jury.
Although a Lisbon mail has arrived this morning, which
sailed on the 26th of August, we are as badly off as we have
been for several days for official information from the
theatre of war, as the above mail does not bring later
accounts from Oporto than the 20th of August, and we
have news already from Oporto of the 23d ult. ; therefore
we must wait till the regular mail arrives.
Consols opened at the same price they left off at on Sa-
turday, 84 to 85 for the Account, and soon after were
done at 85 for the Account.

lIALF-PAST ONE.

We can state, from good authority, that the Belgian
General (Goblet) has gone to Bruisels with important
despatches to King Leopold, which are of a favourable
nature.

Admiral Sartorius has resumed the blockade of Lisbon ;
it is said he has under his command 9 vessels of war.
We bear a strange report, that 4,000 Irishmen are
going as emigrants to join Don Pedro, in Portugal.
The Dutch Funds have come over rather lower, but tae
French Helves have considerably improved ; the latter is
owing to a report in Paris, that the Ministry is on tle
point of being settled. Consols are at present 85.
In the Foreign Market no speculation of consequence.
The New York Packet of the 16th Aug. is off Liverpool.
We hear that the Marquis Palmella sets off to night for
Plymouth ; also that arrangements have been made to
send strong reinforcements to Don Pedro's army.

THREE 0' CL o CK.

Consols 85 for Account.

On Monday last a public dinner was given by
the Reformers at Hull to Mr. M. D. Hxr.L, the liberal
candidate for that borough. About 200 gentlemen sat
down to dinner.

Sir F. A. COLLIER, Captain of his Ma-
jesty's ship Vernon, states that the Castor never, on any
trial, had the advantage of the Vernon, and on the last
day the Castor was dead brat.
The inhabitants of Richmond intend to-day to
follow the good example set them by their neighbours at
Isleworth, by testifying their loyalty and attachment to
their KING, by giving him a hearty reception on his visit
to the Earl of ERROL, in the same way which gave so
much pleasure to his MAJESTY on his visit to the Duke
of NORTHUMBERLAND, at Isleworth, on the 31st of July, of
which his MAJESTY has since repeatedly spoken i❑ the
highest terms, and said, " he never should forget his loyal
reception at Isleworth."

NEW STEAM-CARRIAGE.—On Thursday a
newly-invented steam-carriage, which is able to go up hill
on common roads, proceeded from Paddington-green, six
miles out and six miles back on the Harrow-road, up and
down several sharp and long hills, in less than one hour. It
ran at more than eight miles the hour up the steepest
hills ; and on the levels, when the road was clear, at more
than 16. The steam was so abundant as to be blowing
away at the safety-valve the whole of the journey. The
boiler is a new combination of tubes, perfectly free from
the defects and objections attaching to those made by
Guaway and others, utterly incapable of doing any mis-
chief, even if it were to burst. The steam is usually at a
pressure of 1501 b. to the inch, but the boiler has stood
I,ooolb. to the square inch; the boiler weighs about
1,7001 b. ; the whole carriage shout two tons and a quarter.
SUDDEN DEATH OF C. CALVERT, ESQ
M.P. FOR THE BOROUGH OF Sounrwa.ax..—Accounts
have been received in town this morning of the awfully
sudden death of C. CALVERT, Esq., M. P. for the Borough
of Southwark, which took place on Saturday evening last,
near Ipswich, after a few hours' illness.
Sir THOS. DENMAN has just put forth an
address to tke electors of North Derbyshire, dated Stoney
Middleton, Sept. 3, in which he absolves from their en•
gagements those electors who had come forward in his
favour. The Learned Gentleman's connection with Not-
tingham is assigned as the cause of this step.
DEATH OF ANDREWS THE COMEDIAN OF
SADLERS WELLS.—On Saturday last at 9 o'clock, AN-
DREWS the comedian expired after a short illness of five
days. His disorder was an obstruction of the action of
the liver. ANDREWS has been a great favourite at Sad-
ler. Wells for the last four years ; he succeeded LA NcAsrzß
who died suddenly at the Hugh Middleton while in the
act of drinking a pint of porter. ANDitsws was about
30 years of age, a man of most sober and industrious
habits, and a very promising actor. We lament to add,
that he has left a widow far advanced in pregnancy, and
a son only two years of age, in a state of great destitution.
THE POET MILLHOUSE.—We beg to no-
tice to our readers that a subscription has been opened at
the .Athenccum-office, No. 2, Catherine-street, Strand,
for the clever operative poet of Nottingham. 11.1rwrousx
has for years had to contend against innumerable difficulties,
and has now a large faMily to bring up, with nothing to
support them hut the uncertain produce of his daily labour
at the loom. We do therefore hope that a sufficient sum
may he raised to, in some degree, alleviate those cares
which are always attendant upon a large family.
The total importation of sugar into France
from Martinique, between the Ist of January and 6th of
July, 1832, amounts to 29,461 barrels (barriques).
The melancholy demise of Sir ALBERT PELL,
which took place on Thursday last at his house in Harley-
street, has occasioned a vacancy in the office of one of the
Judges of the Bankruptcy Court, to which he was ap-
pointed by the Loan CHANCELLOR in December last,
when he received the honour of knighthood. Sir AL-
BF.RT PELL, at an early period of life, betook himself to
the profession of the law, and for many years he ap-
peared 83 Counsel in most of the eminent cases brought
into the Court of Common Pleas. He was also leading
Counsel on the Western Circuit, where he acquired both
fame and fortune, and retired with a handsome compe-
tency from the active practice of his profession about
seven years back. He was an active and intelligent Ma •
gistrate for the county of Middlesex, and his political
predilections were dose of the present Administration.
He possessed considerable powers of eloquence, and at
county meetings, and at the meetings of the Magistrates
at Clerkenwell, he was always a prominent and able
speaker. Sir ALBERT PELL was connected with the
noble family of ST. JOHN, having united himself in 1813
to the Hon. MARGARET LETITIA NIATILDA ST. JOHN,
third daughter of HENRY BEAUCHAMP, 14th Lord ST.
Joint of Bletso, by which lady, who survives him, he has
left a numerous family. Until the appointment of Sir
ALBIRT to the Bankruptcy Court,
be chiefly resided at
his pleasant villa on Pinner-hill.

NEWGATE ANI) LEADENHALL MARKETS.
At per stone, by the Carcass.
s. d. to s. d. s. d. toe. d.
Beet, inferior 2 0 2 2 Mutton, inferior... 2 2 2 4
- middling 2 2 2 4 - middling.. 2 6 3 c
- prime large 2 6 3 0 - prime 3 6 4 0
- prime small... 3 2 3 6 Pork, large 3 0 4 2
Veal 2 6 4 4 -small 3 6 5 0
Lamb _ _ 'ls. 6d. to 4s. 10d.