The Sun.
London, England, 1859-02-24 00:00:00

GAVAZZI ON ITALI'.

Last evoning the Italian reformer, Gavazzi, de-
livered an eloquent oration at St. Martin's Hall, on
the present position of Italy. The lecturer com-
menced with the enunciation of the general propo-
sition of " Italy for the Italians." Metternich,
that Nestor of diplomatic fools, had described Italy
as an almost imperceptible spot upon the geographi-
cal chart of Europe ; but its limits, in his (the lec-
turer's) opinion, were very differently and enduringly
defined. Italy was the old and noble Italy of by-
gone times—well known, indeed, by its boot-like
configuration, but it was aboot never intended for the
leg ofeitherAustria or France,who were both cordially
hated by the Italians, that hatred being possibly
strongest against the occupation of the Lombardo-
Venetian provinces by the armies of France ; for
Italy could never expect her liberties at the hands
of the assassin of those of the French people. In
1849 he (the signor) came to England on the
bread of the exile, and might possibly have to
return to Italy in 1859 to fall upon the battle-
field—for the immortal land and language of
Tasso, Boccaccio, Dante, Alfieri, and Michael
Angelo were not to be annihilated or despoiled
by Austrian robbers or by French bayonets. He
called upon the public not to credit what had
appeared. in the Times about Austria since the
beginning of the year. That journal was a great
journal for English interests, but there was not a
bit of foreign truth about it. It admitted itself that
it had no principle ; and without principle how
could they expect either truth or honesty in any
ournal ? The interests of Italy must be respected,
in spite of the treaty of Vienna, just as England
respected her interests in spite of treaties of all
kinds. As long as there was a Pope in Italy there
would never be true Italian independence • for the
Papacy itself was dependent on the aid of! foreign
arms. The Pope was the great obstacle to Italian
independence and nationality, and it was for this
reason that all overtures from France were to be
dreaded and declined. The Papacy and the Pope
must be got rid of, for Italy was never freer and
greater than when she had no Vatican, and had
nothing to do with Popish supremacy. Pope
Pius would some fine day have to take an excur-
sion abroad for his own benefit and the benefit of
Italy ; and if, as had been alleged, the Pope was
necessary to the European equilibrium, let Eng-
land ask him over here, and try the experiment,
by giving hint a little Protestant location either in
Cork or Tipperary. The patron saint of the Parisians,
St. Denis, lost his head ; let the Pope look to that re-
markable fact. The national unity of the Italians was
the grand eventuality that would re-establish the
independence of Italy ; and, further, what he asked
for was the free circulation of the Bible—the great
basis of civil and religious liberty, for a constitu-
tional Parliament and a constitutional King; and
he hoped to see the day when, free from foreign
and Popish alliance, Italy would flourish under the
paternal rule of chivalrous Sardinia. He did
not ask the English people for their brave sol-
diers, their incomparable navy, or their money ;
but for their irresistible and spirit-stirring
sympathy, together with their non-interference,
for Italy, with Victor Emmanuel, would free
herself, as every free people did, whenever they
had to cross arms with a foreign and despotic foe.
Rebellion was a crime, but revolution was a sacred
right, and it was this latter only that Italians
would attempt: The lecturer concluded by drawing
a vivid and eloquent picture of the day when, with
his fellow Italians in arms, they would expel the
foreigner, the Pope, and the Jesuit from Italy, and
when, standing on the ruins of the Vatican with
the Bible in their hands, they would proclaim
" Italy for the Italians—Italy- is free." The oration
was enthusiastically listened to and warmly
lauded.

EMIGRATION TO THE CAPE OF GOOD HOPE.—
On Tuesday emigrants for Table-bay were embarked at
Southampton on board the ship . Aurifera, 235 souls, equal
to 1901 statute adults, comprising 161 British and Irish
emigrants, agricultural labourers, domestic servants, and
various trades; also, 74 Germans, the latter chiefly vine-
dressPrs and wine makers, Selected by the Hon. Mr. Field,
the Cape Emigration Commissioner.
At a meeting of the proprietors of the Atlantic
Telegraph Company, yesterday, the Right Hon. J. Stuart
Wortley, M.P., the chairman, stated that within the last
hour he had received intelligence of the success of
the negotiations with the Government, and that a guaran-
tee will be given of 8 per cent. on £600,000 for 25 years.
The guarantee will not be unconditional, as from the
numerous applications the Government have decided on
giving none of that character. The precise stipulations
have not been definitively fixed. The cable remains in
exactly the same state as at the previous meeting, the
directors having no adequate funds for liftink and repairing
it. A.new'Ait will be obtained, in order to raise the neces-
sary capital.