The Sun.
London, England, 1866-07-17 00:00:00

J. AND D. NICOLL
• TAILORS to the QUEEN, ROYAL FAMILY,
and the COURTS of EUROPE.

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name.

TDIES.-1t is of the utmost importance that the
exact question in issue between Sir R. Peel and the
late Administration on the subject of the Queen's
University in Ireland should be understood. The
principles of University education in the sister
kingdom are, no doubt, at the bottom of the dis-
cussion ; but, important as these principles may be,
they sink into insignificance compared with the
sacred character of Ministerial pledges. It may be
that what the late Government desired to do in the
way of modifying the University education of Ire-
land was dictated by the wisest policy and the
purest patriotism, but that is not the question. We
expressed our approval of their designs when they
were first foreshadowed in Parliament, and we do
not intend to reconsider them now. We may assume
that the aims of Lord Russell's Administration were
excellent, for it is not their aims, but the mode they
adopted to accomplish them, that is in debate. The
first charge made against them is, that they have
attempted—how successfully remains to be seen—
to carry out their views without taking the advice
of Parliament. The second charge is, that they
made this attempt after having promised that they
would consult Parliament upon the matter ; and the
third charge is, that the attempt was made just at
the moment f quitting office, when they might
hope to escape the responsibility of their manoeuvre,
and leave the question of University education in
such a position that their successors could not choose
but carry out what they had commenced. Let us
recall very briefly the facts of the transaction. They
are few, simple, and intelligible, and are almost all
on record, so that they cannot be gainsaid. Last
year complaints against the existing system of Uni-
versity education in Ireland, which had frequently
been made out of doors, principally by the Ultra-
montane section of the Roman Catholic clergy,
found an echo in Parliament. A degree could only
be obtained in Ireland by persons who underwent a
course of study in Trinity College or one of the
three Queen's Colleges. The complainants urged
that the first was Protestant and the others were
" godless," and they felt an insuperable objection
to allowing their children to become students in
such seminaries. Their objection was so great
that they went. the length of founding a Col-
lege of their own, on the purest Catholic prin-
ciples, and The O'Donoghue, in his place in Par-
liament, moved an address, praying her Majesty
to grant a charter enabling this College to con-
fer degrees upon its students. Sir George Grey,
on behalf of the Government, made a counter
proposal, that the constitution of the Queen's
University should be so altered that any one might
present himself for examination and might receive a
degree wherever he might have been educated. The
greater part of Sir George Grey's speech last night
was occupied with an attempt to prove that the al-
teration he had suggested was wise and politic. Mr.
Gladstone, at a later hour, took up the same ground.
That, as we have said, is not the question ; neither
is it the question whether Sir Robert Peel did or did
not concur in approving it. The effect of such a
change would have been fatal to mixed education,
but Sir George Grey is at perfect liberty to assume
that this would have been a beneficial effect. It is
not likely that it would be acquiesced in without
remonstrance, and a vehement opposition was, in
fact, excited in Ireland,. When Parliament met
this session the opposition found vent there, and
when a rumour arose that the Government intended
to carry out their scheme without consulting Par-
liament an inquiry was made on the subject. Un-
fortunately from defect of knowledge or otherwise—
the Chancellor of the Exchequer could not give a de-
cisive answer, and although the question was repeated
four or five times in different forms, the impression
left was that the Government did not intend to give
the house an opportunity of discussing the expe-
diency of the change before it was made. Sir Robert
Peel accordingly put a notice on the paper for
an address to the Queen, praying her Majesty not
to take any step towards altering the Queen's Uni-
versity before the House had an opportunity of
expressing an opinion on the subject. The Govern-
ment became alarmed, it was intimated to Sir R.
Peel that Mr. Gladstone would make a fresh state-
ment, and on the 23d of rebruary Mr. Gladstone
did make a declaration that the desired opportunity
for discussion should be given, and that the Govern-
ment would make a fall and frank explanation of
their views.before taking action. The opportunity
has not been given, the full and frank exposition
was not made, and when the Government •was in
extremis action was taken. One of the things which
is now set up as a redemption of their promise is the
production of a letter addressed by Sir George Grey
to the late Lord-Lieutenant; but so far was it from
being a warning that the Government meant to do
anything without consulting Parliament that it was,
in fact, a direct intimation to the contrary. Sir G.
Grey told Lord Kimberley that, after mature consi-
deration, thelaw officers were of opinion that nothing
could be done by a supplemental charter unless the
existing charter was surrendered, and that there
was no authority capable of making an effectual
surrender, and accordingly, he added, the Govern-
ment have determined to proceed by bill. It need
not be said that the opponents of the change rejoiced
over this letter as an additional guarantee that a
thorough discussion would take place before any
alteration was made. The second alleged redemption
of Mr. Gladstone's pledge is too ridiculous to be
dwelt upon. Mr. Chichester Fortescue introduced
an Irish Reform Bill, and referred, incidentally, to
changes contemplated in the Queen's University.
No discussion of the Education question took place,
or, indeed, was possible, and it need not be added
that the debate on the Irish Reform Bill was never
again renewed. Relying on Mr. Gladstone's pro-
mise, and Sir G. Grey's letter confirming that pro-
mise, those interested in the subject quietly waited
for the bill described by Sir G. Grey as the only
effectual way of carrying out the intentions of the
Government, and were not displeased that other
measures obstructed its introduction. Their sur-
prise and indignation were natural and extreme
when they learnt, after the late Government had
resigned, that a supplemental charter had
been prepared, affecting to carry out all the changes
proposed, that it passed the Great Seal of Ireland
at the time when the functions of Government were
in abeyance, and that, in order to insure its safe
reception by the Senate of the Queen's University,
six additional members had been added to the Senate
by a Royal Letter dated nine days after the defeat
of the Government on Lord Dunkellin's amend-
ment. The discussion in the House of Commons last
night served to bring out more clearly than before
the unfortunate success of some members of the
late Administration in misleading, howeVer unin-
tentionally, those with whom they had to deal. The
facts are plain - and indisputable, but the apologists
say that there was no intention to deceive, and we
accept the statement. What may be the legal effect
of what has been done remains doubtful. The Senate
declined to accept the Supplementary Charter, ad-
journing its consideration sine die. That the Charter
is wrongly described by the word " Supplementary"
was conclusively shown by. the Attorney-General.
It is in direct conflict with the existing Charter,
inasmuch as it prescribes certain things to be done
which the other declares shall not be done. It is
even possible that for this reason it might be avoided
on application to the proper authority. Practically,
however, it would seem that as it is rejected by the
Senate it must fall to the ground.
POST.—In words that almost seem to bend under
the burden of the misfortune and misery they con-
vey, the Emperor of Austria calls upon the Hunga-
rians to rally in force to the defence of the invaded
empire. The first sentences of the Imperial manifesto
reveal all the agony of the crisis, and point with
painful accuracy to feelings which cannot be ex-
pressed, to grief which is unspeakable. " The hand
of Providence weighs heavily upon us. Every human
calculation has been frustrated." The Kaiser makes
but one exception ; the Austrian army has justified the
confidence that was reposed in its valour. Th at, ind eed,
is terribly manifest : broken battalions and deci-
mated squadrons bear witness to the heroic bravery
of the Imperial soldiery. But it is all that
remains, whether for consolation or hope. In an
" unequal contest " Austria has preserved her mili-
tary honour. There is no shame in her sorrow, and,
whatever mistakes have been made, shot-torn ban-
ners command respect and admiration. This is the
silver lining to the dark cloud that hangs over the
House of Hapsburg, and the ray of light by which
it is believed the Hungarians will be guided to the
rescue. If they throw their weight into the scale all
may not be lost. " Peace may be secured upon fair
conditions." The Kaiser asks nomore, buthereinid s
them of the deeds which have " gained never-fadii)
wreaths of laurel for the glory of the Hungarianioyaity
name," and throws himself on the chivalrousdy to die for
of the nation that rose up as n
the Empress King. We shall soon r
is returned to this appeal. man ready
thateh
isa tn
a needed sanswer
The
will come quickly if it comesiatr.
such Therea can be
summons.n
no
halting between two opinion:
on
e Theresa invoked may
That the spirit which Mari
be recalled has been abundantly
mdpermesosnhstasraetexdpein-
rienced in Hungary; the reception which the pr 7 en
and it be not too late, the