The Sun.
London, England, 1832-07-16 00:00:00

V

the abundance of unemployed capital in France at this mo-
ment, that circumstances much more seriously affecting
her public credit than the mere possibility of the ulti-
mate partition of Belgium must occur to diminish the
chances which Baron Louis has of obtaining a higher price
for his uew renter, than the minimum upon which he may
have fixed.
The increase of cholera cases which has taken place here
within the last fortnight, Las become a matter of no small
anxiety, and has very naturally given rise to a good deal of
inquiry respecting its cause. There is every reaso❑ to be.
lieve that it has arisen from the immoderate use which is
made of fruit since the hot weather has set in, as well as
ice-creams and equally cold beverages. The best physi-
cians here recommend brandy and water as an ordinary
beverage, the former to he in the proportion of a table
spoonful to a common-sized tumbler of the latter. The
disease has again shown no respect or distinction with re-
gard to different classes of society.

Four o'Clock, p. m.
Since writing what precedes, I hive been to the Place
de la Bastille. I rode to it along the quays, and returned
the whole way by the Boulevards up to the Boulevard des
Italiens, although forming about an hour's drive. The
most perfect tranquillity everywhere prevails. At the
Place de la Bastille itself there was no planting of "trees
of liberty" going on, nor were any more persons to be
seen than on other ordinary days. I am informed by a
person who has just returned from the Place Louis XV.
that the same tranquil aspect prevails in that part of the
town. Z.

P.S. A report has been current at the Bourse, towards
the close of business, that the English Ministers were left
in a minority on Thursday on the question of the Russian
loan. This report immediately occasioned a trifling de-
cline in the prices of the French funds.
FRENCII FUNDS, PARIS, JULY 14.—Five per Cents. 97f. 55c. 60c.
55e. 50c. 45c. 50c. 55c. 50c. ; Four and a half per Cents., 88f.
25c.; Four per Cents., 81f. ; Three per Cents., 67f. 35c. 30. :35c.
20c. 9.5 c. 30c. 25c. ; Bank Actions, 1,6550 ; Rente de Naples, 79f.
40c. ; Roman 5 per Cent. 78%; Rente d'Espagne, 113¢ ; Royal
Spanish Loan, '7714 ; Rente Perpetuelle d'Espagne, 54%; Bel-
gium Loan, 75%. - Exchange on London, one month, paper,
25f. 75c. ; three months, paper, 25f. 65e. ; money, 25f. 60c..
—Ours Authentipe.

The Duchess of St. Alban's establishment is
thrown into consternation by the fact of the head cook,
who officiated at her Grace's recent parties, having died
since, after a few hours' illness, of cholera.
We have received, from an authentic source,
some confirmation respecting the insurrection in Lithuania.
A partisan war against the Russians is going on with
great activity in all the forests. In the forest of Swieto-
kryz a detachment of Cossacks was entirely cut to pieces
by the insurgents. Rsge sad despair (says our corres-
pondent) are in every heart, and the Russians display the
most atrocious barbarity. They have installed Commis-
sioners in Lithuania to value and confiscate the property
of individuals who took no part in the Polish revolution,
and to apportion to them an equivalent in Ruesia. Al-
ready 30,000 Polish peasants have been sent into the in-
terior of Russia, and are replaced by an equal number of
Russian boors. The Emperor ISTlcnoLas has declared
that he will make a Poland of Siberia, and a Siberia of
Poland. The Member of the Diet, Montt/ism, and
another, whose name is not mentioned, who bad
been released from a long imprisonment upon condition of
a dishonourable declaration, and who had rejected the
terms of their liberation, were again confined, and died in
prison at the end of four days. The Russians apprehend a
new revolution at Warsaw, and every night strong patrols
fo lowed by artillery, scour the streets.

O'CONNELL REPEAL BUTTONS.— We
have seen some buttons which are very beautiful specimens
of Irish manufacture. The buttons are impressed with a
very good likness of Mr. O'CoNNELL, and the words
"Repeal of the Union" and " DANIEL O'CONNELL," are
Imprinted on one side, while on the reverse one, the words
" Ireland as she ought to be." At the dinner about to be
given to M. COSTELLO, Esq., by the members of the
Trades Union, it is intended, we understand, that all these
belonging to that body, and others who are anxious for re-
peal, should wear these buttons. Mr. KANE has deter-
mined to sell these national buttons as cheap as common
buttons can be purchased.—Dublin Morning Register.
THE WOOL TRADE.—.A good deal of inte-
rest was excited among the parties engaged in the woo
trade during the close of last week, at the various sales of a
great variety of wools, the produce principally of our colo-
nies. The attendance from the manufacturing districts
was, however, not so ❑umerous as on some previous simi-
lar occasions. In the whole 2,350 bales were announced
for sale—consisting of 1,560 bales of Van Diemen's Land
and New South Wales wools, 576 bales of Portugal wools,
90 bales of German and other wools, and 46 bales of Cape
Wools. The first sales were not well attended, but the
biddings were pretty active. Lower qualities of Van Die-
men's Land sold at Sd. to Is. per lb., and rather better
qualities Is. to Is. sd. per lb. ; some parcels sold at
Is. Bd. per lb. The German wools obtained from Is. to
Is. bid. per lb. The sale which took place on Friday
afternoon was much better attended, and more anxiety
Was displayed to purchase by the trade. Van Diemen's
and New South Wales wools sold full 2d. to 3d. per lb. in
advance, some superior qualities obtaining Is. Bd. to
I'. 10d. per lb. The Spanish wools realized from Is. 4d.
to Is. 7d. per lb., and Cape wools, improved and washed,
18. Id. to Is. Sd. per lb. Some new wools from South
America, a sample of the places in that direction, were
sold at 3d. per lb. only; the wool was in the grease, and
very ordinary in quality. The prices obtained towards the
conclusion of these sales rendered the market firm, as on
the whole the wools went off well.

SUPPOSED MURDER.—For the last three
days, Mr. STIRLING, the Coroner, and a respectable Jury,
have been engaged at the Man in the Moon, Vine.street,
Piccadilly, in investigating the circumstances attending
the death of CATHERINE KNIGHT, aged forty, alleged to
have died from injuries inflicted by THOMAS WHITFIELD,
a tailor, residing at 1, Vine-street. The deceased coha-
bited with WHITFIELD, and although he kept two appren-
tices, and worked hard at his business, they were in the
constant habit of getting intoxicated ; and on one occasion
they actually drank two quarts of gin. WHITFIELD fre-
quently beat deceased, and last Friday morning, at twelve,
she was heard to scream, and exclaim in the bad-room—
"Do not beat me any more, you have half-killed me
already." On Monday she appeared very unwell, and she
told one of the apprentices that she had been beaten by her
husband with a stick on Saturday night, and that her arm
was much hurt against the bed •post. On Tuesday she was in
liquor, and she said her arm was getting worse, and more
swollen ; she then said that she had hurt it by falling
out of bed. WHITFIELD was intoxicated, and one of the
apprentices accompanied her, on Tuesday evening, to Mr.
WALKER'S, the surgeon, in Eagle-street, Piccadilly. Her
arm was twice the size of the other arm, and inflammation
had gone on to a great extent. On Wednesday WHIT.
FIELD called one of the apprentices into the bed-room ;
the deceased was lying across the bed, and " a noise like a
gurgling issued from her throat." The deceased died
shortly after ; WurrsaiLn seemed much affected, and
knelt down by the bedside, and exclaimed, " Oh, Kirtl,
KITTY, do speak to me; fur Gon's sake do." Verdict—
" That the deceased died front erysipelatous inflammation
of the right arm, produced by external violence; but when,
how, or by what means, there is no evidence ; and that
her death was accelerated by the excessive use of ardent
spirits."

BIRD NESTING EXTRAORDINARY.—We
have often heard of birds choosing singular places for
building their nests, but of none more singular than that
we are about to record. A coal vessel from Newcastle,
or some place in that neighbourhood, having lately been
in Nairn, two sparrows were frequently observed to light
on the top of the vessel
mast. The circumstance occa-
sioned no great surprise to the crew while the vessel re-
mained in the harbour ; but after being several hours at
sea they were much astonished at seeing the two creatures
following the sloop. After being exhausted with flying,
they perched themselves on the top of the mast. Crumbs
of bread were thrown on the deck with the view of allur-
ing them down ; but they resisted the temptation for a
considerable time. Pressed with hunger, they at last de-
scended to the deck, and eat up with avidity, and we
may add, without any molestation being offered them, the
fragment that were scattered before them. Having
eat a hearty meal, the feathered voyagers returned to their
elevated station at the top-mast. It is a well known pro-
verb that old sparrows are ill to tame. The maxim holds
good enough as a general rule. In the present case there
was an exception, caused, no doubt, by the equally well
known adage, that necessity has no law. Yielding to the
force of,circumstances, the sparrows were either tamed, or
made to appear so. By the time the vessel was two days
at sea, they descended from their high altitude once on an
average every three hours, when, after partaking of some
food, they regularly returned to their elevated quarters.
Matters proceeded in this way during the voyage—which
was a lung one—the crew all the while being alikeigno-
rant of what had attracted them in the first instance to
the vessel, and of what could have induced them to put to
sea. On reaching the river Tyne the matter was ex-
plained. A nest, with four young ones in it, was dis-
covered at the top-mast. The nest, with its young in-
mates, was taken down by the sailors, and being put, in
the presence of the old birds, into a crevice of an old house
on the banks of the river, the unfledged creatures were
left to parental care, which they doubtless received.--
Elgin Courier.

LONDON,
MONDAY EVENING, JULY 16, 1832.

His MAJESTY will arrive in town to• morrow,
from Windsor, and will hold a Levee, Wednes-
day being appointed for the funeral of the
Princess LOUISE. After the Levee the RE-
CORDER'S Report will be made. It was to have
been made on the last occasion, but owing to
the press of matter before the Privy Council it
was deferred.

The Duke of RicxmoND had an interview
this forenoon with Lord GODERICII at the Co-
lonial-office.

ARRIVAL OF DON PEDRO AT OPORTO.

The accounts from Portugal are of the
greatest importance. The first blow has been
struck ; the first prolincial city in the kingdom
has surrendered. Don PEDRO is now actually
in Portugal, and Don MIGUEL will, we hope,
very shortly be out of it. It was on the
Bth inst. (Sunday) that the invading constitu-
tional forces arrived at Oporto, and came to off
the bar. The next morning the troops, con-
sisting of 7,500, of which about 460 are said to
be English, and the same number French,
landed in excellent order, and without the
slightest opposition, at Mettosinhoes, a vil-
lage on the north side of the Douro. Some
of MIGUEL'S cavalry at first affected a show
of opposition ; but it was a mere feint,
for they did not even venture near enough
to fire, but suddenly wheeled round and retreated.
After the landing had been effected, DON
PEDRO'S troops made straight for Oporto, which
was almost immediately abandoned by the Go-
vernor and troops of Don MIGUEL, as well as
the police, who escaped over the bridge across the
Douro, to Villa Nova. Here, after having partially
destroyed the bridge, they managed for a time
to give considerable annoyance to Don PEDRO'S
forces ; but being checked by the advance of
3,000 men, who were landed from the small ves-
sels at Villa Nova, under cover of the guns of
the steamers, they again fled, after one or two
partial skirmishes, into the interior. It is
said—but the fact is not yet authenticated—
that during these skirmishes one of Don Ms-
GUEL'S regiments of the line shouted and threw
up their caps for Donna MARIA, but that they
were immediately hemmed in by the other troops,
and nearly cut to pieces.
Having got " thus far into the bowels of the
land," it is supposed that Don PEDRO will lose
no time, but instantly prepare for a march on Lis-
bon. All the reports agree in one point,viz., that
he will receive lots of adherents on his road.
Several officers and soldiers have already joined
his standard, and the ninth, twelfth, and twenty-
second regiments only wait a fitting opportunity
to follow the same example. The squadron of
Donna MARIA, will, it is believed, sail
for Lisbon immediately, so that in a
few days the fate of that city, the last
strong-hold of the Usurper, may be calcu-
lated on.

The above must be glorious intelligence for
the Portuguese, who, for the last three years,
have been ground to the earth by the oppressive
exactions and cruelties of MIGUEL. In fact,
this " monster" has taken a leaf out of the
book of Northern Legitimacy, and treated his
subjects as if they had been Poles. Africa has
received as many fresh importations from
MIGUEL as Siberia from NICHOLAS. The
former, it seems, has declared all the sea-
ports of Portugal in a state of siege, which
not a little increased the apprehensions
of the English residents. One would suppose
at such a juncture that Don MIGUEL, finding
that a system of terrorism had been of no prac-
tical Lenefit to his fortunes, would have tried,
what JONES calls, " the soothing system ;" but
no, he is Absolutist to the last. One
of his latest freaks has been practised on Mr.
DUFF, a respectable English merchant, whose
house, on some frivolous pretence or other, he

ordered to be forcibly entered and searched by
his myrmidons, on the authority of a mandate
signed by himself. This outrage has, of course,
drawn forth a spirited remonstrance from the re-
sident English merchants at Lisbon to Lord
RUSSELL and Mr. HOPPNER, the result of which
is not yet known.
All at present is quiet at Lisbon, where, how-
ever, the arrival of the Liberator is looked for
with intense anxiety. A few days, possibly a few
hours, will decide the destiny of Don MIGUEL.
(From the Second Edition of the Falmouth Packet.)

IMPORTANT NEWS FROM PORTUGAL.
LANDING OF DON PEDRO.

The Firebrand steamer, Lieut. BA LDOCK,
arrived here at nine o'clock this morning from
Lisbon, whence she sailed on the evening of
Monday last, at which moment a telegraphic
communication announced the landing of Don
PEDRO'S forces at Matozinhos, three miles
north of Oporto. In consequence of this infor-
mation, the Firebrand proceeded to Oporto,
and at midnight, on the 10th instant, she was in
the midst of Don PEDRO'S squadron, lying at
anchor off the Bar, and was immediately visited
by some officers from the Donna Maria fri-
gate, who communicated that the fleet had ar-
rived off the coast on Sunday evening, and that
the landing of the troops was effected on Mon-
day at Matozinhos, in good order, there being
no opposition. Some of MiouEL's cavalry
were seen at a short distance, but after holding
a parley among themselves, they retired. Don
PEDRO'S forces consisted of 7,800 men, in-
cluding about 460 Englishmen, and about the
same number of Frenchmen. H.M.S. Stag, Sir
T. TROUBRIDGE, saluted Don PEDRO on
landing.
Don PEDRO immediately marched his troops
to Oporto, which he entered without experiencing
any resistance, the Governor and the garrison
having retreated across the Douro, to Villa
Nova, from whence they a good deal annoyed
Don PEDRO and his forces. It was accordingly
resolved to cross the river, and drive them from
their position, which was effected on the evening
of the 10th, by 3,000 of Don PEDRO'S troops,
who made good their landing under cover of the
steam-vessels belonging to the squadron. Don
MiouEL's troops, however, did not retire with-
out displaying their attachment to their master
by defending themselves in a determined manner,
and on one regiment declaring in favour of Don
PEDRO, by throwing up their caps and shouting
" Viva DONNA MA RI A !" they were surrounded
by the other troops of the garrison, and nearly
all cut to pieces ! Several officers and privates,
however, had deserted the standard of the
Usurper, and joined Don PEDRO, but no body
of men had come over to the young QUEEN'S
side. Don PEDRO'S head-quarters were fixed at
Oporto, the inhabitants of which city, it was ex-
pected, would espouse the cause of the young
QUEEN, and voluntarily arm themselves.

The landing at Oporto was a masterly and
well•timed movement, as it was almost impos-
sible for Don PEDRO'S fleet, many of them
small unarmed merchant vessels, to force the
passage of the Tagus, for the guns of St. Julian
are in particular good order, and the men have
been well trained by firing at a mark. MIGUEL'S
troops at Lisbon were strengthening and build-
ing batteries and outworks both above and below
Lisbon, which are now perfectly useless, as far
as respects the opposing of Don PEDRO, who
will enter Lisbon by the Oporto road.
Don PEDRO'S exertions prior to leaving the
Western Islands are spoken of as highly active
and meritorious, and his decision and prompti-
tude since his landing shows that he will leave
nothing undone to regain the crown of Portugal
for his daughter. We learn also that in Lisbon
and many other parts of Portugal, particularly
Coimbra, very many will join Don PEDRO, who
is now, we doubt not, in full march for Lisbon.

DON PEDR O'S PROCLAMATION to the
ARMY, on its ARRIVAL off OP ORT O.
Soldiers! —Those are the shores of ill-fated Portugal ;
there your fathers, sons, wives, and friends await your
arrival, and confide on your courage and generosity. Yuu
bring peace to a whole nation, and only war to the hypo-
critical and despotic government of a usurper. The enter-
prise is one of glory; the cause is noble, and the victory
certain. Your companions i❑ arms will join your ranks,
and will be ambitious of the honour of fighting by your
side; if there be any, who, forgetting his duty, may con-
tinue to defend the cause of despotism ; remember, that you
have before you the same deluded Portuguese who, at
Villa da Praia, fled before your courage. Conquerors of
St. Michael and St. George, whose enthusiasm and valour
could not be extinguished by the combats of Villa das
Fellas, Ursellina, and Calheta, nor by the impregnable
positions of Ladeira and da Velha! there you have your
native country that calls you ; there you will find the re-
wards of your services, an end to your sufferings, and the
completion of your glory ! Soldiers! Let your cry he—
" Viva Senhora Donna Maria H. and the Constitutional
Charter—protection to the unarmed—generosity to the
vanquished.
" DON PEDRO, Duke of Braganza."
We understand, from very high authority,
that the retreat of Don Miguel's troops was in
accordance with orders previously received from
Lisbon ; it being the object of Don Miguel not
to risk an action without the certainty of victory,
and so crush the invading army at a single blow.
The Firebrand communicated with his Majesty's ship
Stag, off Oporto, and found lying at anchor his Majesty's
ships Nautilus, Royalist, and Pantaloon. Lieutenant
King and Mr. Smith came passengers in the Firebrand.

His Majesty's steam-vessel Firebrand, Lieut.
T. Baldock, left Falmouth on Monday, the 2d
inst.. at ten o'clock in the forenoon. On the 6th,
being four days and six hours, she communi-
cated with our squadron, and delivered dis-
patches to the Admiral ; after remaining at
Lisbon under quarantine till eight o'clock in the
evening of the 9th, she again steered for Eng-
land, communicating again with our squadron off
Lisbon, for return dispatches, and arrived here
at nine o'clock this morning, which is five days
and twelve hours on the home passage. We
take a pleasure in stating these particulars, as
they show the wonderful perfection of the steam-
engine, for this vessel has traversed within the
last four months two voyages to Corfu, and one
to Lisbon, a distadce of 11,500 miles, which
gives for the number of days 66 ; she steamed
an average of 174 miles per day.

German Papers state that the cholera has
made its appearance at Toplitz, near Dresden.
Forty deaths have already occurred there :

DRKSDEN, JUNE 6.—lt has been found impossible any
longer to suppress the fact of the cholera having appeared

at the neighiinuring watering place Toplitz, where its
presence has bee❑ clearly indicated for the last fortnight,
but has been carefully concealed till forty new graves have
incontrovertibly proved its existence. Our Cholera Board
yesterday gave official notice of the breaking out of the
disorder, which was fully ascertained by competent persons
sent for the purpose; it also gave notice that the quaran-
tine establishment, which has long subsisted at Helms-
dorff, will be assigned according to the existing regulations
for persons coming from Toplitz. However, as the dis-
order has not appeared any where else, every possible faci-
lity is promised to those who have been to take the waters,
and among other regulations, that their stay in a place
proved to be entirely free from suspicion, for instance, at
the frontier town of Peterswaid, shall be reckoned as part
of the five days quarantine which they have to perform.
Toplitz suffers severely, but the family of Prince Radziwill
remains, and the people still flatter themselves that the dis-
order will speedily disappear, and perhaps only delay a little
the expected arrival of the King of Prussia. Carlsbad,
Marienbad, And Franzenhad are crowded with company,
because these places and the country for several leagues
round are free from the disorder.

VIENNA.—An Austrian Observer prefixes the follow-
ing remarks to two articles from the Journal des Debate
and Journal de Paris. The reading of the Journals
affords materials for singular contrasts. The evil which
hovers over human society is a general evil—every where
it manifests itself in a greater or less degree, in proportion
as the internal situation of the several states, and the ereater
or less susceptibility of the people, favour its entrance and
developement. What formerly was only proposed in ob-
scurity now shows itself openly ; this is the characteristic
feature of our times. The struggle between the par-
ties has changed, not in its essence, but in its
form. Journals which lately alleged and advocated
the conditions which inevitably lead to revolutions
as the only true bulwarks of the tranquillity and happi-
ness of States, now acknowledge that these conditions are
the source of the overthrow of society. The two days of
June, and the meeting at Hambach, have done more in
this respect than years of controversy. The attempts
made both here and there have turned out badly ; the
chiefs and leaders of the radical faction in all countries are
sensible of this fact ; and if the more prudent among them
now endeavour to cool the heat of the attempt, their en-
deavours avail little, for the eyes of the great mass of the
people are opened, and they repel, with disgust, the weak-
ness which is now evident.

VIENNA, JULY s.—Five per Cents., 86k; Four per
Cents., 761; Bank Shares, 1126.—Allgemeine Zeitung,
July 10,

We announced in our second edition of Sa-
turday, the verdict of the jury, finding Miss
BAGSTER of unsound mind since the first of
November, 1830. We neither wish to impugn
the verdict of the jury, nor the talent nor discretion
of the Counsel or Commissioners ; but we can
not refrain from expressing our regret that such
cases should be submitted to such a tribunal.
In all cases of nzezon and tuum, where property
only is concerned—aye, even a mere fraction of
a man's property—a Judge of the land presides'
and we often have occasion to admire the temper
and learning with which the law is then ex-
pounded ; but in a case of alleged lunacy, when
not merely a fraction, but the entirety of
a man's estate, and his personal liberty
to boot, are at stake, generally for life,
—and, too frequently, under circumstances
revolting to humanity, it is consigned to an in-
ferior tribunal! Somehow or other, it usually
happens that the time and expense consumed in
one of these inquiries is proportioned to the
estate of the alleged lunatic. By inquisitions
held in pot-houses, humble individuals have
often been consigned to the misery of a mad-
house within an hour (and we believe are often
sent there without the form of an inqiury) ; but
when any considerable property is the subject of
contest, and a Commission of Lunacy is gene-
rally a struggle for property, it lasts for days,
and often for weeks. In the case of BENNETT,
a lunatic, before the LORD CHANCELLOR, on
Saturday, it appeared that the costs of opposing
the lunacy were 1,2001. or 1,400/.
It affords us some degree of satisfaction, how-
ever, that the evils of the system have at length
attracted a degree of attention that can scarcely
fail to lead to its reformation and amendment.
Sir E. B. SUGHEN on Saturday designated it
as " a nuisance, and a scandal to the country,"
and the LORD CHANCELLOR observed, that
" the practice had become intolerable."

The tithe question, after the Reform Bill is
settled, is now the most momentous subject for
the decision of the Legislature. The evils of
the system are so bad, and they have been allowed
to exist so long in opposition to universal feel-
ing, that no one need wonder at the strong excite-
ment which now prevails. Strong as is the feel-
ing however here, it is nothing to that prevail-
ing in Treland. In England every parish con-
tains a great majority of Protestants, and how-
ever annoying the col;,‘ction of tithes might be
to the farmer, the body of the people, know-
ing that these tithes are for the pay-
ment of their own Clergymen generally,
submit quietly to the exaction. In Ireland the
case is totally different. In the north there is a
vast number of Presbyterians and other Protes-
tant dissenters; in the south all are Catholics,
and as persons of that sect generally are under
the influence of their Clergy, who hate the
Protestant Clergy with a perfect hatred, one
may easily believe that their reluctance to pay
the tithes has hitherto been overcome only by
the dread of force. That fear, however, is now
at an end, and never will be revived, for the best
of all reasons, because public opinion, not only
in Ireland, but in this country, is utterly opposed
to a system which counsels the people to
pay tithes to a Clergy who have no flocks.
Public opinion is power, and generally so obsti-
nate and determined that no military power can
prevail against it. It is the duty of Govern-
ment, then, not to oppose it, but to take the
most rational means to guide it into a proper
channel. It can, in fact, be changed only by
justice and reason, and these Government ought
to take as their guides on this alarming occasion.
The two great evils are the annoyance of the
mode of payment, and the payment of tithes to
Clergymen who are either absent or who perform
no duty. Let Government, then, act on the
principle, not only that tithes are abolished, but
that no Clergyman, who shall be appointed
hereafter, shall receive any provision from
the land unless he resides in his pa-
rish, and has a certain proportion of Pro-
testants under his care. Let a suitable income
be provided for both Catholic and Presbyterian
Clergymen wherever their hearers amount to a
certain number, and we venture to predict that
little difficulty will be found in raising the ne-
cessary funds from the land. We say from the
land, because by the original contract, both of
the landlord and the tenant, the tithes can belong
to neither. The tenant took his lease on the
condition of paying titles, and the landlord

bought the land, or had it devised to hin
with a clear understanding that the tithe:
were not his property. For either of these
parties to refuse to pay an equivalent
because the former system was bad, would be as
justifiable as for a villain to take advantage of
the circumstances of his creditor to refuse to pay
a just debt. To whomsoever the tithes belong,
we believe even the most determined hater of the
,
system could not conscientiously ueciare that
the landowner had the least claim to them.—
They were originally set apart for the mainte-
nance of the Catholic Church—they were after-
wards transferred by the Legislature to the Pro-
testant Church. When circumstances require
a change, there cannot be a shadow of reason
for saying that the Legislature has not the power
of adopting it. The system adopted in Ireland
is not only contrary to the principles of all other
Governments, but contrary to those of England
herself. The Legislature transferred the tithes
to the Protestant Church in England when Pro-
testants became the more numerous party. In
Scotland it transferred the tithes to the Presby-
terians from the Episcopalian, for the same
reason ; but in Ireland it adopted a course the
very reverse, and in its nature subversive of
order and obedience to the laws. It gave the
whole incomes of a church, the richest in the
world, to a party who did not form a tenth part
of the inhabitants, and left the predominant
clergy to brood over their wrongs, and live in
great poverty, or wring a subsistence from a half-
starved population. These were not the leaders
likely, by their example or precept, to repress any
tumults against a Government that treated them
with such unjust partiality. In fact, these are the
men who now direct the anti-tithe engine agairist
the existing laws of the country. The present
Parliament is too far advanced to adopt any but
mere temporary measures ; but a new Parliament
will go at once to the root of the evil, and, we
trust, make an adjustment acceptable to all par-
ties. That might be done without any great
difficulty, by at once abolishing tithes for ever,
by taking an average valuation of tithes for the
last seven or fourteen years, and making
these payable by the landowner, and by
making a suitable provision out of them for
the clergy of the three chief denominations, the
Legislature reserving the surplus for the esta-
blishment of parochial schools or the relief of
the helpless poor. No man of an honest and
humane mind could reasonably oppose such a
change.

THE MARKETS.-(THIS DAY.)