The Sun.
London, England, 1832-11-10 00:00:00

been increased by the disappoiniment of hopes which

negotiations at Rome were calculated to excite, and thus
after the Fire Powers have for more than a year been oc
cupied in restoring tranquillity in the Roman States, di.

prospect of voluntary obedience by the population to the
authority of the Sovereign seems not to be nearer than it
was when the negotiations first commenced. The court
of Rome appears to rely upon the temporary presence of
foreign troops, and upon the c-cpected service of an
auxiliary Swiss force for the maintenance of order if,
its territories. But foreign °mop ition cannot he indi.
finitely prolonged ; and it is not likely that any Swiss
force of such an amount as could be mgin,ained by the
financial means of the Roman Government could be cap;;-

ble of suppressing the discontent of a whole population ;
and even if tranquillity could be restored by such means,
it could not be considered to be permanently re-esta-
blished, nor would such a condition of things be the
kind of pacification which the British Government in-
tended to he a party in entlavouring to bring about.
Under these circumstances, the undersigned is instructed
to declare that the British Government no longer enter-
tains any hope of being able to effect any good in this
matter, and that as no advantage is to he expected fron,
the further stay of the undersigned at Rome, he is ortlere,3
to return to his post at Florence.. The undersigned is at
the sacr.e time instructed to express the deep regret of
his Court that all its endeavours during the last year
and a half, to co operate in re-establishing tranquilliq
in Daly, have proved abortive. The British Government
foresees that if the present system is persevered in, fresh
disturbances must take place in the Papal States, of a elm-
acter progressively more and more serious, and that out
of these disturbances may spring complications dangerou-
to the peace of Europe. Should these anticipations un-
fortunately he realized, Great Britain will at least stand
acquitted of all responsibility fur evils created by the re-
jection of councils which the British Government ha.
urged with so much earnestness and perseverance. Ti e
undersigned avails himself with eagerness to offer his Ex •
cellency the assurance, &e.

" G. 11. SEYMOUR."
LDlrected to each of the Ambassadors composing the
Political Conf-.l.ence at Rouse.]

(No. II.)
(Irv. OF A NOTE FROM THE COUNT DE LUTZOW TO 31

G. A. SEYMOUR.

" ItOME, sErr 12, 1532.
" The undersigned Ambassador of his Imperial an it
Royal Apostolleal Majesty has received the note whirli
Mr. Seymour, resident Minister of his Britannic Ma-

- 'lttw -

Court oblige him to quit Rome, and to return to hi:
post at Florence. The undersigned would &tub), regre
this communication, from the motives assigned, whicl
must have led to it, if he were not now called upon h
rep.'), without reserve, and in a corresponding manner, tt
the explanations contained in Mr. Seymour's note.
" On the 14th of July last, the Ambassador Extraor-
diriary of his Britannic Majesty at the Court 'of Vienna.
transmitted to the Prince Chancellor of the Court arid
State, a note, in which his Excellency communicated to
Lim the recall of Mr. Seymour from Rome. This an-
nouncement contained likewise a detailed exposition of the
reasons which induced the Cabinet of St. James's no longer
to take a direct part in Roman affairs. His Majesty tin
Emperor and King, upon his return from the journey- he
had made into the Tyrol commanded his Minister to repl;
to this communication, by expressing his sincere regret
and by explanations of the most frank and explicit charae.
ter, such ipa his 'Majesty was desirous of putting in the pos.
041•sion of a Cabinet, whose principal and most permaturr
political interests are so intimately blended with those o
his empire.
" Tna nodersigned has received from his august Court
a communication of the note addressed in reply to hi,
Excellency Sir Frederick Lamb, and as he had been led to
think, from the official note which the English Minister
did him the honour to address to him on the 7th Sep
temher, that he seemed to be ignorant of the existence of
such a rhieurnetv, and consequently of the reasons and
principles which have actuated the Court of Vienna, and
which have also guided it in this affair, he takes the op-
portunity of turuishing him with the subjoined copy,
" The undersigned begs Mr. Seymour will have th,
goodness to consider it as a reply to his communication ;
and it would savour of arrogance on the part of the under
si4ned to presume to reply in a more conclusive manner,
overtures which owe. their origin to the same decision
which have been come to by the Cabinet of Sc. Jaines's,
And to the same direcAhs which were addressed to the
Ambassador of Nisi:Oilmile Majesty at the Court of his
Imperial and 'R-hyaritiinstolic Majesty. Whatever can
Jae truth in pure simplicity iS to by
found in t'lie-.fitat..tif .his Highness the Prince Chantellar„
aroctrie:rstit .stated are' supported by official acts alma...,
and truirupeachable guarantees, which can be justified' by
an appeal to.A.g..kr:slo. of history.
" The yteS.ti4peltectitia the memorandum of 1831 is
ajAete laiit.tditetf and -thirhyalitlity of the reasons which de-
. • cid.l the Pape to rej.-ct some of the measures recotn-
- mended by the Conference of 1831, cannot but be ad-
witted to be powerful. Subsequent experience authorizes
an impartial judge of them to ascribe to them a real and
practical value.

" The situation of the respective positions not having
experienced any unfavourable alteration since the period
when the note hereto annexed was delivered, tha
mane .1 Holiness nemg moreover fully determined to
f 'How the advice which the friendly Powers, interested in
his consolidation, bad suggested to him, as it is also to
fulfil scrupulously the engagements which the Sovereign
Pontiff, impressed with the necessity of a perfect and last
ing union between the interests of the throne and those of
the nation, had freely contracted in the face of Europe on
his accessicat to the throne, the undersigned cannot par-
ticipate in the apprehension expressed in the note of
the English Minister; it is to be hoped that the peo-
ple, following henceforward only the innate and habitual
sense of what is truly useful and profitable to them, will
know how to repel theoperfidious counsels of a faction
inimical to all thrones, and which has assuredly not oc-
cupied itself hitherto with what is understood under the
phrase happiness of the people.' Front that period every-
thing leads Co the conviction, that order will revive when
this occult power, banished as it is fromthe councils of
all Kings, shall be as justly appreciated by the people whom
it is desirous to reduce into revolt, qualifi, d now by diffe-
rences with the Sovereign. Nothing will then prevent
the Holy Father from pursuing, in his turn, the regenera-
tion of his states, and from removing thereby every subject
of collision and complication, which all Princes, as welt as
private individuals and chiefs of Government, have it
equally at heart to avoid.

" The undersigned seizes this opportunity, Ike.
(N). III.)

COPY OF A NOTE ADDRESSED BY HIS HIGHNESS rraNcE

DE METTEE-N2CH -TOE HIS EXCELLENCY SIR TILE-

DERICK LAMB, AMBASSADOR FROM HIS BRITANNIC

MAJESTY TO 1115 IMPERIAL AND ROYAL APOSTOLIC

3IAJESTY.

" BADEN, JULY 28.
Tho undeisigned Chancellor of Court and State has

•

received the note Which his Excellency the Arnhem ulor
of his Britannic Majesty did him the hoimur to address to
him on the 14th instant.
" Conceiving it to he his duty to bring it to the know-
ledge of the Emperoci his IMperial Majesty has commanded
him to reply to it, by entering, on the subject of the posi-
tion of affairs in the Pontifical States, into the most com-
plete and frank explanations, such as are claimed by
the ancient relations of cordiality and confidence, which
his Majesty has always set the highest value on keeping up
with his -intimate friend and ally, the King of Great
Britain. He regards this course as the surest, and in
order to destroy art opinion which he has with pain per-
ceived that the Mesh Cabinet appears to have adopted,
and which would tend to lay to the account of Austria the
dangeis which may . threaten the future tranquillity of
Italy, but which, in fact, proceed solely from the unfor-
tunate circumstances of the present period, and from the
assiduous efforts of a faction inimical to order and public
repose ; whilst the Austrian Cabinet employs all its care
and URI emitted exertions to divert these very dang•-rs.
" The paper, to which the present note is a reply, traces
back as far as the opening of the Conference between the
representatives of the great Powers assembled at Rome in
the spring of 1831. The undersigned will take up from
the same period the series of facts stated in the documents
now before him ; and he will have no difficulty in ex-
pounding from thence the principles which have guided
the course of Austria, and which, at this very time, deter-
mine her attitude, in respect to the affair under considera-
tion.

" The object of the Conference formed at Rome, after
the entry of the Austrian troops into the Legations, in
the month of March, 1831, between the Ambassadors of
Austria and France, and the Ministers of Prussia and
Russia, with the concurrence of an Envoy from the Eng-
lish Governm, nt, was dearly defined at the time by the
Austrian Cabinet; it was, to submit the term of the
foreign troops remaining in Ancona and Bologna to the
better judgment of the assembled representatives of the
five Courts, with the consent of the Pontifical Government.'
" The ameliorations in the administration of the Ro-
man States, to which the Holy Father had shown himself
disposed by antecedent d,clarations, being one of the
means of assuring public tranquillity, after the retreat of
the Austrian troops, bad also been recommended to the
representatives of the Powers, with the view of their
coming to an understanding on this point with his Floli-
nesss Government. But the Austrian Cabinet, though
prepared to concur in this object by the way of advice,
has never recognised the right of imposing any thing on
the Holy Father, and has invariably placed limits to his
participation, traced by the respect due to the indepen-
denee of this Sovereign.
" The Austrian Ambassador, deferring to the opinion
of his colleagues, transmitted, conjointly with them, the
memorandum of the 21st of May, to the Cardinal Secre-
tary of State.
" The Austrian Cabinet testified its satisfaction that,
by this memorandum, communications between the Con-
ference and the Pontifical Government were opened on the
subject of the ameliorations which, after the intentions
manifested by the Holy Father, must take place in the
administration of the Roman States; but, abstaining from
entering into any details on this subject, it was of opinion
that it was at Rome that these matters ought to be ml-
turely examined, elaborated, and resolved upon, in order
that a really practical result might be obtained.'
" The Pontifical Government not making an explicit re-
ply to the memorandum, and having restricted itself in its
notes to the Ambassador of France of the sth of June, and
to the Ambassador of Austria dated the same month, to
declaring the principal bases of the new institutions it was
preparing, Count St. Aulaire insist,d, in his reply of the
7th of June, upon a larger extension being given to those
institutions, conformably to the contents of the memoran-
dum, and Count Lutzow explained himself to the same
effect in his note of the 27th of the said month. This
note places beyond doubt the good faith of this Ambassa-
dor, in supporting the points recommended in the memo-

_
random.
" But the replies of the Cardinal Secretary of State,
addressed to the two Ambassadors on the 3d of July, dis-
covered the determination of the Court of Rome not to
pledge itself to ulterior concessions. It consented to the
evacuation of Bologna by the Austrian garrison, and the
English Envoy, Sir Brook Taylor, quitted Rome when, in
the sequel of this measure, every subject of complication
between Austria and France appeared to he removed.
Meanwhile the Huy Father published successively the le-
gislative dispositions he had announced. They were re-
pelled by that part of the popul rtion of the Legations,
whose manifest object was to withdraw those countries
entirely from the Pontifical rule, and who, with that view,
continued in a state of insurrection against the Holy See.
regarding, no doubt, this position as a_ mpars Slf erltri"&l7.
trticat Government, as may be seen in the following com-
parative table:—
" The Holy Father refused only two principal points—
" 1. The admission of the principle of popular election,
as a basis of the Communal and Provincial Councils.
"2. The formation of the Council of State, composed
of lay persons, besides the sacred college, or rather in op-
position to it.
" It belonged not undoubtedly to Austria, nor to any
other Power, to dictate the law to the Sovereign Pontiff,
particularly respecting matters, which, being out of the
sphere of administrative ameliorations, on which it was
dlowable to give advice to his Holiness, related essentially
to the form of his Government, and tended to create a new
power in the State. The Austrian Cabinet was bound
ro yield on this point to the legitimate resistance of the
Pope, as well as to the unanimous protests of the other
Governments of Italy, which perceive in such conces-
sions as these, an imminent danger to the tranquillity of
their States, to whose institutions the principle of popular
election is altogether alien. Moreover, he had himself ac-
quired by the most positive facts which have been com-
municated to the British Government, the coniplete and
thorough conviction that the concessions demanded by the
malcontents were, even in their own eyes, but arms where-
with to attack the Pontifical Government, whose very
existence they wished to destroy, and the means of excit-
ing and constantly kr eping up troubles in this State.
" The whole of the laws and institutions published by
the Holy Father, at length received the solemn and une-
quivocal suffrages of the great Powers present at Rome,
by the notes which they addressed to the Cardinal Secre-
tary of State, on the 12th ofJannar) last, at the moment
when the measures taken by his holiness to recall to obe-
dience the refractory provinces were announced to them.
The official acts in reply to the circular note of the Ilth
of January have thus a synallagmalical character, to
the validity of which we are not certainly to oppose that
of the official advice which the same diplomatic person.
Ages addressed to the Court of Rome in the memorandum
r.t. the 21st of May preceding.
" Tire events which followed are well known. Since
the re-entry of the Imperial troops into the Legations, and
the forcible occupation of Ancona by the French, the
Austrian C Inriet has perceiver) the value of the opinion
expre-sad by the Pont,ficil Government, that every new
con•ctssion granted by that Government, either to the de-
mands of its malcontent suijects, or to the request.of a fo-
reign nation by a diplomatic channel, would be derogatory
to he independence of the Sovereign, from whom it would
. _

he, in appearance at least, extorted by force of arms ; and
that in the fact of concessions, founded upon the armed
intervention of foreigners, the factious would find a prece-
dent, of which they would not fail to avail themselves to
obtain new concessions by means of an .ppeal to foreigner.
" This mod. .f s-iewing things w,s frankly cotnmu-
nieated to the French Government, and to that of Great
Britain, as well as the concessions to which allusion has
been Made, as dangerous to the rest of Italy, and as ti e
unfailing source of permanent troubles in the state where
they miy be admitted. Penetrated with this conviction,
the Emperor could not in conscience hold a different lan-
guage to the Holy Father.
" But his Imperial Majesty did not at the same time
cease to urge, in a most pressing manner, the Sovereign
Pontiff, not only to maintain, in complete execution, the
legislative dispositions already published, but also to give
to those dispositions a character of stability which should
place them beyond the risk of future changes, without
preventing useful improvements. The pro •ft of the soli-
citude of the Austrian Cabinet on this head have been
placed belore the British Cabinet. But the interest which
Austria feels in wishing all just subjects of discontent in
the Pontifical States to be pUt an end to, has not stopped
here. The most earnest reeommendation for the establish-
ment of the best possible order in the different branches of
he administrati, n have not been spared to the Roman
Government, and experienced Austrian functionaries, who
were well acquainted with Italy, were placed at its dis
posal, in order to aid in introducing all practicable ame-
liorations in the difficult circumstances in which it is
placed, and which have been occasioned principally by the
troubles perpetuated for the last 18 months in a consider-
able part of its provinces.
" Such is the manner in which Austria undertook to
exercise the influence which the upright and disinterested
character of its councils procured for her at the Court of
ROme. Repelling, as far as himself was concerned, all
territorial aggrandizement, firmly resolved to maintain, in
concert with his allies, the state of possession as esta.
blished by treaties in the Italian peninsula, and particu-
larly the integrity of the Holy See, the Emperor is de-