The Sun.
London, England, 1859-08-08 00:00:00

AMERICA.

LIVERPOOL, AUG. 6.
The Royal Mail steamship Canada, Capt. Lang,
has arrived with the New York mails of the 26th
ult., Boston of the 27th, Halifax of the 29th, and
telegraphic advices from the former via the latter
port to the evening of the 28th. She has brought
250,000 doll. on freight.
The screw steamship North Britain, hence,
arrived at Quebec on the 25th ult. ; the steamship
New York, from Bremen, arrived at New York on
the 25th; and the Royal mail steamship Europa,
hence, was off Boston on the 27th.
The Washington correspondent of the New York
Timer: gives the following heads of a treaty de-
spatched to the United States Government by its
Minister in Mexico
1. Right of way across the Northern States
between the Rio Grande and ports in the Gulf of
California, with guarantees for their protection and
safety."
" 2. Right of way and valuable privileges of
transit secured to the American Company holding
the Isthmus of Tehuantepec.
" 3. The privilege of erecting and maintaining
warehouses at the termini of the several transit
routes.

" 4. The right of transporting troops and muni-
tions of war over such routes, and to send troops to
protect them, in default of Mexico fulfilling that
duty.

a 5. Free entry and transit of goods belonging
or consigned to American citizens in Arizona
through the ports of the Gulf of California arid
across Sonora.

"G. Entire and unquestionable freedom of reli-
gious worship throughout the Republic.
" 7. A clause indicating the willingness of the
Mexican Government to accept a modified form of
protection at the hands of the United States—in
other words to solemnise another treaty in form,
and one of alliance, offensive and defensive, but in
substance creating a protectorate whenever the
United States shall signify her willingness to enter
into such engagements."
A Washington despatch of the 25th ult. says :
" Mr. Gould, who came from England in the
steam-ship Canada, passed through Washington
this morning, en route to Mexico. He is attached
to the British Legation in that country and con-
veys important despatches thither."
hgaivnegsinagnoafctcwoounotthoefrstlaiet
b u'rrnhien gSto.fLa°nueisgrilo eamn etrhaet
Marshall on the 19th of July. The one who was
burnt had murdered his master. The Democrat
say.
prison
s :—h"eWwhasilesettheusphoenriffbywthase
erod and conveyingtakenw him to
negroes.roceed edotnoethoef
from
andthat
tooffiokce
gaol nivooboththeernP
triienlicehetN
them had attempted the life of a citizen of this
place, and the other had just committed an out-
rage upon a young white girl.
1 After the mob gotthe negroes together they
proceeded to the outskirts
of the town, and selecting a proper place, chained
te negro who killed Hinton to a stake, got a quan-
tity of wood, piled it around him, and set it on
fire. Then commenced a scene which, for sickening
horrors, has never been witnessed before in this or
perhaps any other place. The negro was stripped
to his waist, and barefooted. He looked the picture
of despair; but there was no symcathy felt for him
at the moment. Presently the fire began to surge
up in flames around him, and its effects were soon
made visible in the futile attempts of the poor
wretch to move his feet. As the flames gathered
about his limbs and body he commenced the most
frantic shrieks and appeals for niercy—for death—
for water! He seized his chains ; they were hot, and
burnt the flesh off his hands. He would drop them,
and catch at them again and again. Then he would
repeat his cries, hut all to no purpose. In a few
moments he was a charred mass, bones and flesh
alike burnt into a powder. Many, very many of
the spectators who did not realize the full horrors
of the scene until it was too late to change it, re-
tired disgusted and sick at the sight. May Mar-
shall never witness such another spectacle. If the
horrors of the day had ended here it would have
been well, but the other negroes were taken and
hung justly, perhaps, but in violation of law and
good order. They exhibited no •remorse. One
simply remarked, that he hoped before they hung
him they, would let see the other boy burnt."
It is stated in New York that a memorial re-
questing Mr. Sickles to resign his seat in congress,
had received the signature of 1,400 of his consti--
tuents, and that in the Eighth Ward a public meet-
ing was to be held to make the request openly..
NEW YORK, JULY 28, EVENING.
The steamship Jura, of the Cunard line, arrived
here to-day from Liverpool. The sales of cotton in
this market during the past two days foot up 3,000
bales, at an advance in prices of ac, per lb. Mid-
land uplands close at inc. Flour is firm, and
quotations have slightly advaneed. Wheat also is
firm, and prices have gone up 2c. per bushel.
dian corn is dull, and prices have a declining ten-
dency.

NEW ORLEANS, JULY 27.
The sales of cotton yeste.rday and to-day foot up
3,500 bales, and the market is firm at 11-Ic. for
middling. Nothing has been dme since the recep-
tion of the Europa's news: Cotton freights to
Liverpool are id.

COMMUTATION OF CAPITAL SENTENCE.— John
Benjamin Haynes, who was left for execution at Win-
chester, and respited last week has had his sentence com-
muted to penal servitude for life. The report of the medi
cal inspector as to his state of mind, and the absence of
motive or premeditation, decided the Secretary of State in
considering him a fit subject for the exercise of the Royal
prerogative of mercy.
FIRES AND DESTRUCTION OF PROPERTY.—
Shorily before 1 o'clock this morning a fire took place on
the premises of Mr. Bland, silk mercer, Blackfriars-road,
near Surrey Chapel. The moment the occurrence became
known an alarm was given. The Royal Society's escape
from Surrey Chapel attended, and the conductor was foi -
tunate enough to bring down in safety the inmates, con-
sisting of three persons, but another rolled himself from
one of the upper windows and alighted without sustaining
the least injury.. A plentiful supply of water having been
procured, the flamea 'Were subdued. About the same time
a fire also broke out at the oil refinery forming a portion of
- road. The land engines and steam the soap faCtory a the Messrs. Howes, in Upper Ground-
the
in full play, but at half-past 1 this
float-
ingstre
machinest B 1 c l r iwaerr se
kept
morning the flames were still progressing, though it was
•hoped -that all danger of any further extension of mischief
was over. The amount of property consumed must be very
great.
•

INTRODUCTION OF THE BALLOT IN NEW
SOUTH WALES, AND ITS SUCCESS.

first election by the ballot of the Parliament of
The last mail from Sydney brings accounts of thc,
New South Wales. The ballot law is identical 111
principle with that of Victoria, and, its working
has been eminently successful. At elections in
this colony under the open voting system we have
read of " the unblushing intimidation of landlord-
ism and the revival of some of the worst features
of English elections." On one occasion we read In.
the Sydney Empire " Mr. Parker, the Prime minis;
ter of the colony, took his seat beside the returning
officer, noting in his pocket every vote that Was
recorded." This state of things is passed away'
The Sydney Morning Herald of 13th June, 185'
says
The first operation of the ballot has been to it_
large extent successful. In this community it was
never necessary to disarm wealth of its authority,
or to prevent the upper classes'—if there sr!,
such—interfering with the lower classes
there are such. The ballot has tended greatly le
abate the outward excitement of the election,
and to give every man ample freedom in exercising
his franchise. The objection of Sydney . Suitt
that the ballot would lead to lying, to the violatioan,
of promises, and the indulgence of malice, no don!!
could be sustained were all the voting pap.ei,7
traced to their owners. It is however,
in the present state of society to devise a scheme
which would not be liable to some such objections •
One thing is clear—that there has been much less,
importunity. Men have felt indisposed to ask
many have thought proper to conceal, and it ire:
been deemed useless to purchase support, or to do
mand pledges, since the class of men who volui.",
give promises under pressure are just those 'tv.ge"
would avenge themselves by breaking them. "
have no doubt that many votes have been de-
posited in the box that never would have Wei_
given under the open system. People have of
possible.
lowed their real inclination. They have been enabled
to do so without apparent inconsistency. They ila'
reserved to themselves the power on some future
occasion to take the opposite course. They are 111
a condition, having voted for a man to-day, to op-
pose him to-morrow ; or agreeing with him upon
only one point, upon which he has commanded
their support, they can resist him everywhere else'.
To no class of men is the ballot a greater boon than
to the officers of Government. Under the late sr.;
tem they were marked men. Human nature Illus.!
be differently constituted if, where an election is
sharply contested, official candidates preserve v't
magnanimous indifference as to the disposal e`
votes which they have the, power to reward e`
punish. Happily for the employees of Govern'
ment, and, indeed, for those of all other great
stitutions, they have now the right to express their
own predilections, and to withhold their supPr„
from men from hose politics they dissent.
they have to do is to keep their own counsel, an
to maintain among themselves an understanding
that it is necessary for their mutual protection that
this secrecy should not be violated. The working
classes have enjoyed the benefit of the ballot, not 1111,
relation to their employers, but in reference to each
other. There are everywhere noisy, dogmatical,
and oppressive men, who, by force of will, domineer
over their neighbours. Thus many, rather than
incur the opposition and contempt of people with
whom they have daily to work, have often vote
against their inclinations and their conscience'
From this necessity they are now relieved. If the
despotism of wealth and official authority is to b
deprecated, how much more oppressive is that
grinding insolence which, clothed in vulgar aro
aggressive forms, assumes the name of liberty. 11
doubt, as the experience of our politicians enlarges'
means will be found to obstruct the free operation
of the ballot, and to corrupt the ballot-box. EvelZ:
thing will depend upon the fidelity of thereturning officers, and we hope the time
is far distant when we shall have so fe:r
debased our moral sense as to make it Poser
ble to find men abandoned enough to betray so sfr
cred a trust. This will however, demand our Nig.
lance. If the ballot is worth having, at whatever
cost it must be had in its purity. There is 011 e,
thing in connexion with the ballot of which most
persons have become conscious—that it has salsa:
lated betting to a considerable degree. The resalb
of the election has been forecast by many, but the
calculations have been so various, and upon deal.
perplexed and confused, As to admit of great du
ferences of opinion. Not more than two of the can
didates could have been said to have had anything
like certainty of election. The show of hands 0n
the day of nomination represented the' more active
partisans of the city, and comprehended the inhs:
bitants from both of its political divisions. Thili
there was ample scope for varieties of opinion, 1111-
we fear that there has been an amount of gambling
which is not altogether creditable to the coma 111;
nity. Our fellow-citizens should remember that
these bets are a minor form of corruption, and that
elsewhere they have led to shameful excesses. We
are far more in danger of having the ballot-bo%
stuffed or perverted by persons having a larg°
stake in the issue, than by the influence of mere,
political profligacy and enthusiasm. The power 01
directly influencing the voters has changed in some
measure the complexion of a popular election. The
system of bunching is no longer so practicable, I:**
cause an agreement of this kind can only extend 10
a very small number of eleCtors. That surveillance
by which men were forced' almost to act in regi'
ments is broken by the secrecy of the ballot. It has
thus happened in many instances, that votes were
given to candidates whose policy and position in
the Assembly will be diametrically opposite. This
has evidently moderated the tone of the candidates.
They have felt that they could not calculate upon
each other for support, and thus they ha!:
been less inclined to close combination. The'"-
has been a remarkable absence of the old
party cries. The last survivor is the poor
man"—whose portrait has yet to be delineated'
Does it not show the poverty of our political VC"
cabulary, that we apply to the mass of the Coin'
munity a word which commonly awakens pity'
often so closely allied to contempt. The "
man !" Who is he ? Not the man that sits by ti'v
wayside begging, but the strong, sturdy labourer
or mechanic, whose earnings are greater than those,
of many confidential clerks ; who values himsou"
upon his dignity and intelligence ; who represent-1
himself as the very bone and sinew of society, air,,
who is very apt to cheer the sentiment that tiLw
only sort of men the world ought to tolerate ese.,
the said "poor men." Surely the fertility of 01'
politicians will invent some phrase which may
pense with this ridiculous term—hackneyed iii
every newspaper and on every tongue. There are
no " poor men" in the colony, except those who II
under the hand of misfortune, or who are degrade'
by vice. It is a term of cant ; and, used as clap
trap, it has in it a considerable taint of abominr
tion. At all events, the "poor man" is now the
lord of the soil, and the dominant powel• in the
community. In his conduct throughout this firstelection we are bound to say he has shown a ear
appreciation of his influence, and;upon the whole,
he has nothing to be ashamed of in thefrresult.

ROYAL YACHT SQUADRON-IiEGATT4'

COWES, AUG. 6. a
The annual ball took place last evening, an f
was very fully attended, there being upwards 4);
200 persons present. The larg..! promenade
lounge in front of the Castle was fitted up in a veu„
tasteful manner. The last match for the Squadron
Money terminated the proceedings of the week and
took place to-day, but the formidable list of fifteen
entries, as announced on Saturday last, was reduced
to the following seven :—Arrow, cutter, 102 too*
Mr. T. Chamberlayne ; Beatrice, schooner, 208 too*
Mr. J. E. W. Rolls; Wildfire, schooner, 59 tons,
Mr. J. Turner; Gipsey Queen, schooner, 190 ton!:
Sir H. B. Houghton, Bart. ; Brunette, cutter, lu
tons, Col. S. Smith; Alarm, schooner, 248 ton*
Mr. 3. Weld ; Osprey, cutter, 59 tons, Col. R. S'
Huey. The contest was for £lOO for the firs
vessel, and £25 for the second, and was opea
yachts of any squadron, and, although the
list of entries included three yachts belongingL"
other clubs, the starters were all included in til
Royal Yacht Squadron, except the Wildfire, wiliet,
-
belongs to' the Victoria Squadron, at Ryde. LA'
very good start was effected at eleven o'clock,
course being, as usual, round the 'Warner, of
thence back to Egypt, and then to Cowes-201
round. The wind was light from the S.S.W.,
there was a murky sky, and it was hoped that t; '
breeze would freshen as the day wore on. 1:lim by
Osprey star ted and was off first, closely followed
the Brunette, and Arrow third.
On rounding the Warner for the second time the
Alarm had jibed before either of the vessels
was in sight, and she continued to lead down to
Cowes. The Wildfire and Osprey made a pre% „11,
race, off. Osborne, about a mile between them, ~,
Osprey astern. The time on arriving at Cowes at
the finish was thus taken :
Alarm
H. M. S. 4
51 2 3
Wildfire 5 27 15
Osprey
The Alarm would thus have won, but a Potelt
was entered against her, she having set a jib.topsil_i
on her return from the Warner the second 01197
and as this was against the regulations, the protest
was held to be good by the committee, and thus he
Wildfire will receive the first prize and the °slow
the second.
A few days since her Majesty kindly forward!!
£l5 to the committee of the squadron, to be eT,
tended for by the crews of the yachts in rowing
matches. To this sum the members of the squadron
subscribed more,, and this afternoon some very
spirited rowing among the men was the result.