The Sun.
London, England, 1866-02-05 00:00:00

UST.

;MBER.

Richmond
Hendon
Monmouth
Manchester Autumn 2l
Newmarket Ist October 25
Walsall
IBER.

Newmarket Houghton 22
Worcester

MBER.
I Shrewsbury
Leamington Hunt l9

Mr. Lawrence Oliphant, M.P., on America.

Mr. Lawrence Oliphant, M.P., delivered an address at
Stirling, on Tuesday night, upon the position and pros-
pects of the United States, whence he has just returned.
He said that England wished to see the principles of
liberty and constitutional freedom spread far and wide
over the earth in every form ; and, as far as his
experience of men and nationalities went, in point
of religious liberty and education the Americans
were ahead of us and the whole world. Such
being the case, if there was anything that could be con-
ceived more deplorable than another for the interests of
humanity, it would be a war between these two coun-
tries. Any Government which allowed fixed questions of
law or honour to remain unsettled between the American
people and ourselves incurred a very serious responsibi-
lity. If the proposal made some years ago by the
American Government, at Paris, were adopted—that all
commerce upon the high seas, even though sailing under
the belligerent flag, should be sacred ; in fact, that men-
of-war should only attack men-of-war and not merchant
ships—we, as the largest carriers in the world, should be
the chief gainers. One of the most important measures
for the securing of our peaceful relations with America
would be the Confederation of the British North American
provinces. He felt assured that if the Alabama and
fishery questions were satisfactorily disposed of, and the
North American provinces confederated, we might look
forward without apprehension to an uninterrupted period
of friendly intercourse with America; and, on the
other hand, he could not disguise the apprehension that
so long as these three measures remained in abeyance the
duration of peaceful relations hung upon a slender thread,
which the slightest strain might snap.

DECLINE IN PRICES.—Though the prices of
most of the necessaries of life are sill high, it is certain
that they have considerably declined within the last year.
The following table was compiled for Iluni's Merchants'
Magazine :
Breadstuffs

Jan. 'GO. Jan. '63. Jan. 65. Dec. 16., '65.
$ $
W Flour, bbl 430 6$ $0516 00 720t0 7 65
Rye Flour, bbl
Corn Meal
Wh't., W. Meh, bu 150 153 270 235 265
Wh't., Chi., Spring 133 222 160— 1 85
Rye Northern
o..ts, State, bu
Corn, Western
Cotton, Mid. up ll 63k 120 49
Hops, per lb
Naval Stores.

Spr. Turp. gal
Coin, Rosin, N
C., per bbl 165 10 50 28 00 675 700
Provisions
Pork Mess. Fol. ... 16 37} 14 50 43 00 28 621-29 25
Beef, rep'kd, bbl ... 950 13 00 20 50 14 00 —l6 50
Lard, per lb lo} 10 23 17 —17 f
Butter, Ohio,
Butter, State
Cheese, per lb ll 12 20 17 19
Tallow lo} 10f 18 131— 14

44; 260 210 105 - 108

Wool. corn. fleece,
per lb
The average fall is about fifty per cent.—Tribune.

Dr. Kinkaid, of the American Baptist Missionary
Society, after a residence of thirty-five years in India, is
compelled to leave his field of labour, and is on his way
to America.

BARNUM IN PARIS.—Mr. Phineas T. Barnum,
the "Prince of Humbugs," is in Paris, evidently on the
look-out for curiosities to astonish the Western world. It
is stated that his recent work " Humbugs of the World" is
to be translated into French by M. Bernard Derosne, a
late believer in the Davenport Brothers.
IMPORTANT CIRCUL A R. —Copies of Circular No.
6 from the United States Surgeon-General's Office, con-
taining important information relative to the treatment of
diseases, amputations, and gun-shot wounds by the sur-
geons of the•national army during the rebellion, have been
sent to eminent professors of medical colleges and promi-
nent medical men in the United States and Europe. It is
stated by competent judges that this is a more valuable
and elaborate work than the surgical history of the famous
Crimean war.

RECENT WILLS AND BEQUESTS.

(From the Illustrated London News.)

The will of Lieut.-General Sir John Bennett
Hearsey, K.C.8., lately residing at Boulogne-sur-
Mer, was proved in the London Court, on Jan. 26,
by his daughter, Amelia Charlotte Hearsey, and his
nephew, Colonel Bradshawe, the executors and
trustees ; and they are also appointed guardians of
his infant children. The personalty in this country
was sworn under £9,000. The gallant general was
a native of Midnapore, East Indies, and entered the
Bengal army at the age of 15 ; served in Bundel-
cund, Rewah, Pindaree, and Bhurtpore ; com-
manded a brigade of cavalry in the Punjaub ; re-
ceived the medal for Goojerat ; and was made
K.C.B. for his zeal in suppressing the mutiny of the
19th Bengal Native Infantry at Barrackpore, in
1857. He died Oct. 23 last, at the age of 72, hav-
ing executed his will on the 24th of June preceding,
which is attested by A. J. Robinson, her Majesty's
Consul at Boulogne-sur-Mer, and John Brough,
clerk to Consulate. Sir John leaves to his son
Charles his swords, revolvers, pistols, arms of all
kinds, including the long native Indian sword,
called in Hindostanee " a sife," and with which
he was wounded at the taking and bom-
barding of Sekilbulde Nayore, and also leaves
him his uniform, medals, decorations, and orders
To his daughter Amelia he leaves one-fifth of his
Indian Government securities. The rest of his pro-
perty in India, England, and elsewhere, is to be
divided amongst all his children according to the
terms specified in the will, appointing them resi-
duary legatees.

The will of Thomas Ovington Harrison, Esq., of
Gloucaster-terrace, Regent's Park, shipowner, was
proved in London, on the 18th ult., by the execu-
tors and trustees, William Henry Carrington, a
member of the firm of Lachlan, Macleod, and Co. ;
John Watson Knight, the testator's son-in-law ; and
George Robert Booth. The personalty was sworn
under £120,000. The will .is dated Oct. 20, 1865,
and a codicil on the 24th of November following.
The testator died on the 29th of December, at the
age of 53. He bequeaths to his wife an annuity of
£2,500, leaving her an immediate legacy of £5OO and
his household furniture, plate, pictures, books, car-
riage, and horses absolutely. Bequeaths a sum of
£60,000 in trust for his daughter, Mary Knight,
wife of his executor, J. W. Knight, the interest for
her sole and separate use, and upon her decease
to her husband and children ; and leaves the
residue of his property to his daughter in like man-
ner. There are contingent interests to some of
his family in the event of his daughter dying with-
out issue. He has left legacies to his cousins and
other relatives, and annuities to his sisters-in-law;
to each of his executors £500; to Mr. Booth a fur-
ther sum of £3OO by the codicil ; to one male ser-
vant £150; to his coachman £lOO, and to all his
other servants one year's wages and mourning.
There are the following charitable bequests :—To
the Shipwrecked Fishermen and Mariners' Society,
£3OO ; the Seamen's Orphan Asylum, Sunderland,
£2OO ; the Merchant Seamen's Orphan Asylum and
the New Infirmary, Sunderland, each £5OO ; and to
the Belvedere Hospital for disabled and worn-out
seamen, 50 guineas, in addition to former gifts.
The will of William Castellaw Drysdale, Esq.,
late of Dunbar, Haddington, North Britain, and of
Sussex-gardens, Hyde Park, was proved in London
under £50,000. The executors and trustees ap-
pointed are Crawford Davison Kerr, Esq., and
James Tennant Simpson, Esq., both of 62, Moore-
gate-street, together with William Wallace, Esq.,
of Austinfriars. The will is in the nature of a
trust-settlement made in conformity with the laws
and constitution of Scotland, bearing date June 9,
1858. The testator died, on the Ist of May last, at
Dunbar. He has left liberal bequests to his cousins
and other relatives and friends. To his executor,
Mr. Wallace, £5OO, and to his other executors
£l,OOO each. The residue of his property, real and
personal, he leaves to Alexander Drysdale, of
Guarafraxa, Upper Canada.

American Cotton Manufacture.

-4.-

The people of England have so long been ac-
customed to regard the United States as a cottun-
growing rather than a cotton-manufacturing coun-
try, that they will be surprised to learn the
importance and extent of the manufacturing inte-
rest. Lowell and Lawrence in America rank only
second to Manchester in cotton manufacturing.
The largest cotton mill in the world is an American
one. Statistics of the United States Interior De-
partment show the total number of cotton manu-
facturing establishments in the United States, in
1860, to have been 1,891. The aggregate amount
of capital invested was ninety-seven million, five
hundred and eighty-five thousand, two hundred and
sixty-nine dollars, being an increase of twenty-two
million, five hundred and fifty-two thousand, six
hundred and flinty-one dollars, or 29.6 per cent.
over the total capital of 1859. The quantity of
cotton consumed (exclusive of fifteen million, two
hundred thousand and sixty-one pounds wrought
into mixed fabrics of cotton and wool) was four
hundred and twenty-two million, seven hundred
and four thousand, nine hundred and seventy-five
pounds, equivalent to one thousand, six hundred
and fifty-six bales of four hundred pounds each,
which was four hundred and fifty million, one hun-
dred and seventy-seven thousand, nine hundred
and seventy-five pounds, or 55.5 per cent. in excess
of the consumption of 1850. The total cost of raw
material was fifty-seven million, two-hundred and
eighty-five thousand, five hundred and thirty-four
dollars, and of labour, twenty-three million, nine
hundred and forty-nine thousand, one hundred and
eight dollars. The average number of male hands
employed throughout the year was forty-six thou-
sand eight hundred and fifty-nine ; of females,
seventy-five thousand, one hundred and sixty-nine.
The aggregate number of spindles in operation was
five million, two hundred and thirty-five thousand,
seven hundred and twenty-seven, and of looms,
one hundred and twenty-six thousand, three hun-
dred and thirteen. The total value of all kinds of
cotton goods manufactured was one hundred and
fifteen million, six hundred and eighty-one thou-
sand, seven hundred and seventy-four dollars.
The product of cotton cloth, including two hun-
dred and seventy-one million, eight hundred and
fifty-nine thousand yards of printed cloth, amounted
to one billion, one hundred and forty-
eight million,
two hundred and fifty-two thousand, four hundred
and six yards, the quantity of yarn and thread to
forty-seven million, two hundred and forty-one
thousand, six hundred and three pounds, and of
bats, wicking and wadding, to twelve million, nine
hundred and sixty-seven thousand, nine hundred
and fifty-six pounds. In addition to the foregoing,
the produce embraces a large aggregate of miscel-
laneous articles and fabrics, among which were the
following—Coverlets, eleven thousand five hun-
dred; table-cloths and counterpanes, eleven thou-
sand six hundred ; quilts, one hundred and twenty-
two thousand ; mosquito netting, one million, five
hundred and eighty-two thousand,
_four hundred
yards; cotton,
cordage, lines, &c., four million,
eight hundred and seventy-
six thousand, two hun-
dred and seventy-seven pounds ; webbing, four
hundred and fifty thousand pounds ; quilts, one
hundred and ninety-five ,
v
thousand, three hundred
and ninety-one pounds-
eseamless bags, six million,
two
number of .yards of sheen'? gs, s i hirtngs, printed
cloth, &c., amounted to thirty-sixthousand. e The
number hundred and thirty-five I
and a quarter
yards per
capita for the total population of the
Union.

The decision, says the independence Beige, by
which the Prussian Court of Cassation has sent be-
fore the Tribunals two members of the Chamber
for speeches delivered in that Assembly in the course
of last session, has made a considerable impression
in the Liberal world at Berlin, and the more pain-
ful that the judicial bench, by so doing, has reversed
its own jurisprudence consecrated by two judgments
given in 1853 and 1854, on the same question, in
favour of the constitutional interpretation.
Frequent confirmations are received of the re-
ports of a gold discovery in Montana, wonderful even in
this age of gold. A reliable citizen of St. Paul, Mr. Jchn
Hassell, writes from Montana :—" There was a very rich
:ode struck here a few days ago. It beats anything that
was ever found in any mining country. It is guarded day
and night, and the owner alone works in it. He takes out
with his own hands thousands of dollars per day. The ore
is at least one-third gold."