The Sun.
London, England, 1859-07-05 00:00:00

INDIA AND CHINA.

By extraordinary express, in anticipation of the
Overland Mail, we have received our letters and
papers from Calcutta, Bombay, and China. The
Calcutta and China despatches arrive by this mail
in consequence of the wreck of the Alma, the mail
carried by that vessel having been placed on board
the Ellora, which arrived at Marseilles on Sunday.
The dates are Bombay, June 4 ; Calcutta, May 17 ;
and Hong-Kong, May 5.

SAUGOR, MAY 27.

All India appears to be moved with indignation at
the fiat of the Viceroy, releasing the Nawab of
Furruckabad. Go where you will, from veterans or
cadets, from old unimpulsive civilians and gentle
hnmane women, you hear but one strain of alarm.
and lament, that this conspicuous bloodshedder has
been exempted from the law made by a clemency
which embraced the wellbeing of worlds—" By
man shall his blood be shed." The Nawab of Fur-
ruckabad has been released, red with the blood—
Lord Canning himself owns that he is convicted of
that monstrous guilt—of 62 Christians : English-
men, Englishwomen, English ladies, and dear Eng-
lish children. The wretch has been let loose on
the world, free to repeat his crimes, if he should
ever find an opportunity in any of those patches of
territory which approach and surround our dwell-
ings, which are not counties of British India. The
Nawab of Furruckabad is released from death ! re-
leased from transportation, released from every
penalty of our law ! Surely there is only one man
in the whole British empire who acknowledges the
magnitude of the criminal's guilt, and discerns no
extenuating circumstances.
The discontent, amounting in fact to actual.
mutiny at Meerut, Allahabad, and elsewhere, with
respect to the claim for bounty, appears to be sub-
siding. The impression of the soldiers, who in
asserting ideal rights, forgot their loyalty and obe-
dience, is that they have intimidated their superiors,
and have carried their point ; and as none have
been punished for insubordination, either the de-
mand must be granted or the mutiny is only
deferred—and even if it is granted, there will soon
be some other pretext for getting up a clamour and
a claim. There must be very little ingenuity
among the malcontents of the Indian army, if they
cannot easily get up a cry to prove their legitimate
title to 20 rupees a head quite as specious as that
which Lord Clyde has considered worthy of serious
examination at Meerut. The law, it is certain, can-
not wipe off the old bond as far as bounty is con-
cerned, and make it bindin g in the matter of pensions.
The Crown either succeeds to the engagements of the
Company or it does not. If it does, the malcontents
are fighting for even less than a shadow. If it does
not, there is not an old soldier in the Company's
army who can claim a fraction of pension from the
Crown. Soldiers of Royal regiments enlisting from
the home service to the Indian service are of course
in a totally different position. They contract a
specific engagement de novo. They relinquish their
boon of returning to Europe which is their right
for a valuable consideration. They give a quid pro
quo, which they were not bound to give by any pre-
vious engagement or precontract. With the com-
pany's recruits it is quite different. He bartered a
year or two ago a certain term of servitude in India,
on fixed pay, for a money consideration ; and, now
on the death of his employer, he declares the con-
tract void, and demands to tear the bond, in order
that he may get the same money, and sign the
same bond again. According to this view of the
case it would have been the pleasantest way of
making money in the world to enlist as a recruit the
day before John Company's demise, and a few hours
afterwards to ignore the pretensions of John Com-
pany's heir, who demands that the contract should
be fulfilled. The Crown is in fact both the master
and the heir of the East India Company, and in
either of these relations is entitled to the servic' s
of the soldier without paying the price of the arti
cle in the shape of bounty twice over. We may be
thankful that there was none of this discontent
while the war with the sepoys was at its height.
There are no enemies of any mark in Central India
any more; but the predatory bands still infest the
country here and there.. A few days ago the dakh
runner, or postman, was stopped by a band of this
description, and the rebels cut off his nose and one
ear. Cholera prevails to a frightful extent in the
Banda district; but it has not assailed the Euro-
pean regiment or community. Two of the band,
however, of the 19th Madras Native Infantry have,
I regret to add, fallen victims to this scourge.
The troops at Saugor-12th Lancers, 43d, Royal
Artillery, Mein's troop, and others—have a far

more favourable climate—a change much needei
after their sufferings last year.

As to commercial affairs it is difficult to know
what to say. There is nothing doing ; freights are
as low as ever. Company's paper has not im-

.oved. The new 5 per cent. loan is quoted at 6

liscount, which is caused by the power of paying
.n to that loan half the amount in 5 per cent. paper

at par as cash.

The Supreme Court has decided that as the North-
Western Bank of India has lost one-third of its
paid-up capital, it has ceased to exist save for the
purpose of being wound up, and a meeting of share-
holders is called for August, for the purpose of
winding it up. In the meantime the bank is, of
course, closed.

CHINA.
The following is from the China Mail of May 5
"The Hon. Mr. Bruce, the Minister to Pekin, and

the new superintendent of British trade in China,
arrived at Hong-Kong, in the Magicienne,on the 26th
ult., but did not land officially till the 2d inst., when
he assumed charge of the superintendency. On Fri-
day he goes from this to Canton, in order, it is pre-
sumed, to settle the site for the new factories, and
shortly after will depart for the North. It is generally
understood that his permanent residence will be at
Shan ghae. Another arrival has been that of the nee'
naval commander, Rear-Admiral Hope, C.B. Sir
John Bowring leaves for England by this mail,
after ten years in China, but no news has arrived
of the appointment of a successor. In these cir-
cumstances the Acting Governorship devolves on,
Colonel Caine, the Lieutenant-Governor, who has
been connected with the colony since its formation.
Another colonial change is the resignation of 00
chief magistrate, the Hon. Tudor Davies, who has
accepted the office of Commissioner of Foreign
Revenue under the Chinese Government.

"As we anticipated there has been little foundation
for the rumours in regard to the re-establishment 9
Canton of the old Cohong, or authorised association
of merchants, having the exclusive privilege 0
dealing with foreign traders. A lengthy co
spondence on the subject, between Mr. Consul
Alocek and Hang, the Comptroller of Maritiun
Custom at Canton, shows there is no intention
re-establishing the Cohong, but that the principal
Chinese foreign dealers in foreign goods at Canto!)
desired to do so in order to put a stop to smuggling.