The Sun.
London, England, 1832-02-02 00:00:00

SUPERSEDEAS.

The plaintiff shall proceed to trial, or final judgment against
a prisoner, within three terms inclusive after declaration, and
shall cause the defendant to be charged in execution within two
terms inclusive after such trial or judgment; of which the term,
in or after which the trial was had, shall be reckoned one.
The Marshal of the King's Bench and the Warden of the
Fleet shall present to the Judges of the Courts of King's
Bench, Common Pleas, and Exchequer, in their respective
chambers at Westminster, within the first four days of every
term, a list of all such prisoners as are supersedeable, showing
as to what actions and on what account they are so, and as to
what actions (if any) they still remain not supersedeable.
If by reason of any writ of error, special order of the Court,

agreement of parties, or other special matter, any person de-
tained in the actual custody of the Marshal of the King's Bench
Prison or Warden of the Fleet be not entitled to a supersedeas
or discharge to which such prisoner would, according to the
general rules and practice of the Court, be otherwise entitled,
for want of declaring, proceeding to trial or judgment, or
charging in execution, within the times prescribed by such ge-
neral rules and practice, and then in every such case the plain-
tiff or plaintiffs at whose suit such prisoner shall be so detained
in custody, shall with all convenient speed give notice in writ-
ing of such writ of error, special order, agreement, or other
special matter, to the Marshal or Warden, upon pain of losing
the right to detain such prisoner in custody by reason of such
special matter; and the Marshal or Warden shall forthwith
after the recipt of such notice cause the matter thereof to be
entered in the books of the prison, and shall also present to the
Judges of the reszectire Courts from time to time a list of the
prisoners to whom such special matter shall relate, showing
such special matter together with the list of the prisoners super.

• sedeable.
All prisoners who have been or shall be in the custody of the
Marshal or Warden for the space of one calendar month after
they are supersedeable, although not superseded, shall be forth.
with discharged out of the King's Bench or Fleet Prison as to
all such actions in which they have been or shall be supersedeable.
The order of a Judge for the discharge of a prisoner on the
ground of a plaintiff's neglect to declare, or proceed to trial or
final judgment or execution in due time, may be obtained at the
return of one summons served two days before it is returnable,
such order in town-causes being absolute, and in country causes
unless cause shall be shown within four days or within such
further time as the Judge shall direct.
A rule or order for the discharge of a debtor who has been
detained in execution a year for debt under 204 may be made
absolute in the first instance, on an affidavit of notice given ten
days before the intended application, which notice may be given
before the year expires.
ATTORNEY AND HIS BILL.
An order to deliver or tax an attorney's bill may be made at
the return of one summons, the same having been served two
days before it is returnable.

One appointment only shall b. deemed necessary for proceed-
mg in the taxation of costs or of an attorney's bill.

tio set off of damages or costs between parties shall be allowed
to the prejudice of the attorney's lien for costs in the particular
suit against which the set off is sought, provided nevertheless,
that interlocutory costs in the same suit, awarded to the adverse
party, may be deducted.

MISCELLANEOUS.
It shall not be necessary that a pluries capias be stamped by
the clerk of the warrants to authorize the exigenter to make
out an exigent.
In order to charge a defendant in execution it shall not be
necessary that the proceedings be entered of record.
Side bar rules may be obtained on the last as well as on other
days in term.
A rule may be enlarged, if the Court think fit, Without notice.
cosAtsnmaupcptliicnatio ordinary
n
to c
casesompe h compel
thee made
pla
Itifr
before tto
give security for
issue joined.
Leave to compound a penal action shall not be given in cases
where part of the penalty goes to the Crown, unless notice shall
have been given to the proper officer, but in other cases it may.
Where the defendant, after having pleaded, is allowed to con-

fess the actions E may withdraw his plea in person without the
appearance Of the attorney or his clerk for that purpose before
the Officer of the Court.

yliete be pb rule Or the Skeriff td return d gcidd. jury
Upon a brit of 19010; but an ordershall be made by a Judge
Upon summons for that purpose. '

An order upon the Lord of a Manor to allow the usual limited
inspection of the Court rolls, on the application of a copyhold
tenant, may be absolute in the first instance upon the affidavit
that the copyhold tenant has applied for and been refused in-
spection.
In Cates Where the appliCation for a rule to change the Venue
is made upon the usual affidavit only, the rule shall be absolute
in the first instance; and the venue shall not be brought back
except upon an undertaking of ttie plaintiff, to give material
evidence in the county in which the venue was originally laid.
Where money is paid into Cotirt in several actions which are
ednsblidated, and the plaintiff, without taxing costs, proceeds to
trial on one and fails, he shall be entitled to costs on the others
up to the time of paying money into Court.
After judgment by default, the entry of any subsequent con-
tinuances shall not be required.
To entitle a plaintiff to discontinue after plea pleaden; it shill
not be necessary td Obtain the defendant's consent, but the rule
shall contain an undertaking on the part of the plaintiff to pay
the costs, and a consent, that if they are not paid within four
days after the taxation, defendant shall be at liberty to sign a
non, pros.

It shall not be necessary that any pleadings which conclude
to the coUntry be signed by counsel.
In all special pleadings, where the plaintiff' takes issue on
the defendant's pleading, or traverses the same, or demurs,
so that the defendant is not let in to allege any new matter, the
plaintiff may proceed without giving a rule to rejoin,
It shall ndt be necessary that imparlances should be enteted
on any distinct roll.
Where a pauper omits to proceed to trial, pursuant to notice,
or an undertaking, he may be called upon by a rule to show
cause why he should not pay costs though he has not been dis.
paupered.

And it is further ordered, that upon every bailable writ and
warrant, and upon the copy of any process served for the pay-
ment of any debt, the amount of the debt shall be stated, and
the amount of what the plaintiff's attorney claims for the costs
of such writ or process, arrest, or copy and service and attend.
ance to receive debt and costs, and that upon payment thereof,
within four days, to the plaintiff or his attorney, further pro-
ceedings will be stayed. But the defendant shall be at liberty,
notwithstanding such payment, to have the costs taxed; and if
more than one-sixth shall be disallowed, the plaintiff's attorney
shall pay the costs of taxation.
The endorsement shall be written or printed in the following
form

" The plaintiff darns for debt, and - -
for costs. And if the amount thereof be paid to the plaintiff
or his attorney within four days from the service hereof, fur-
ther proceedings will be stayed."
And it is further ordered, that in Hilary and Trinity Terms
a plaintiff in any country cause may file or deliver a declaration
de bene esse, within four days after the end of the term, as of
such a term.
And it is further ordered that the rules heretofore made In
the Courts of King's Bench and Common Pleas respectively,
for avoiding long and unnecessary repetitions of the original
writ in certain actions therein mentioned, shall be extended
and applied in the Courts of King's Bench, Common Pleas, and
Exchequer of Pleas, to all personal and mixed actions; and that
in none of such actions shall the original writ be repeated in the
declaration, but only the nature of the action stated, in manner
following :—viz. A. B. was attached to answer C. D. in a plea
of trespass, or in a plea of trespass and ejectment, or as the
case may be, and any further statement shall not be allowed in
costs.

And it is further ordered, that upon staying proceedings,
either upon an attachment against the Sheriff for not bringing
in the body, or upon the bail.bond, or perfecting bail above, the
attachment or bail-bond shall stand as a security, if the plaintiff
shall have declared de bone ease, and shall have been prevented
for want of special bail being perfected in due time from enter-
ing his cause for trial, in a town cause in the term next after
the in which the writ is returnable, and in a country cause at
the ensuing assizes.

And it is further ordered, that the expence of a witness called
only to prove the copy of any judgment, writ, or other public
document, shall not be allowed in costs, unless the party calling
him shall, within a reasonable time before the trial, have re-
quired the adverse party, by notice in writing, and production of
such copy, to admit such copy, and unless such adverse party
shall have refused or neglected to snake such admission.
And it is further ordered that the expense of a witness called
only to prove the hand-writing to, or the execution of, any
written instrument stated upon the pleadings, shall not be
allowed unless the adverse party shall, upon summons before a
Judge, a reasonable time before the trial )such summons stating
therein the name, description, and place of abode of the intended
witness), have neglected or refused to admit such hand-writing
or execution, or unless the Judge, upon attendance before him,
shall endorse upon such summons, that he does not think it
reasonable to require such admission.
And it is further ordered that in all cases in which any par-
ticular number of days, not expressed to be clear days, is pre-
scribed by the rules or practice of the Courts, the same shall be
reckoned exclusively of the first day, and inclusively of the last
day, unless the last day shall happen to fall on a Sunday,
Christmas day, Good Friday, or a day appointed for a public
fast or thanksgiving, in which case the time shall be reckoned
exclusively of that day also.
And it is further ordered that the above rules shall take
effect on the first day of next Easter term.

'EENTERDEN J. VAUGHAN
N. C. TINDAL J. PARKE
LYNDHURST BOLLAND
J. BAYLEY J. B. BOSANQUET
J. A. PARK W. E. TAUNTON
W. GA RROW K H. ALI)ERSON
J. LITITESDALE J. PATTESON.
S. GASELEE

THE PLAGUE AT NEWCASTLE IN 1636.-
The following is the wedi:y list of heaths, during the
time the plague raged so dreadfully at Newcastle, in 1636:
Deaths.
From May 7th to the 14th
14th 2lst
21st 2Bth 99
ascii to June 4th
June 4th llth
11th lBth
18th 2sth 133
25th to July 2d
July 2d
9th l6th
16th 23d
23d 3oth 5f6
30th to Aug 7th 'l77
Aug. 7th lsth
14th 2lst
21st 2Bth
-28th to Sept. 4th
Sept. 4th llth
From Sept. 11th to the 31st of December,
the day on which the plague 908
ceased

Total immher of Deaths from May 7th to} 5077
Dec 31st, 18313
Whitehead's Historical Records.

Mr. D'ARMANSPERG has been appointed
Ambassador to England from Bavaria.

We learn by the letters from Bogota that
Choco had resolved to unite itself with New Granada, and
that the other provinces of Cauca would follow this ex-
ample. The Constitution had pissed a second reading,
and contained several important new features. The Con-
vention was also discussing a law relative to the public
debt, and another on the restoration of several laws abro-
gated under the Dictatorship of BuelvAte, &c. A grant
for a new road was under discussion, from the department
of Jiren to San Pabloon, on the Magdalena, to avoid all
the difficult part of the navigation. Steam-boats would
he able to reach them at all seasons, which wou'd give an
impulse to trade in the provinces of Pamplona and Socorro.
A grant for a road from Chaparral to Tulua, in the valley
of Cauca, was also under consideration. It is to traverse

the Cordillera at the most eisy and lowest point, and offer
a route for travelling thither with ease from Bogota in
eight days. The separation of the centre of Colombia
from Venezuela, and its formation into a new State, under
the name of New Granada, was carried by thirty-one votes
to thirty, and it was to be provided with a Constitution by
the present Convention.

BEASTLY CONDUCT OF A KING.—If the
following extract, to be found in Lord Domes " Life of
Frederick the Second," were not on most unquestionable
authority, that of the Princess BA REITIJ, in her memoirs,
one could hardly credit it. FREDERICK WILLIAM, the
father of FREDERICK the Second, and herself, she says,
" almost caused my brother and myself to die of hunger.
He always acted as carver, and served every body but US j
and when by chance there remained any thing in the dish,
he spit in it, in order to prevent our eating it. We lived
entirely upon coffee and milk, and dried cherries, which
quite ruined my digestion. In return, I was nourished
with invectives and insults; for I was abused all day long
in every possible manner, and before every body. The
KING'S anger went so far against my brother and my-
self that he drove us from him, forbidding us to appear in
his presence, except at meals." And yet this " thing"
was called " the father ! of his people."
ANCIENT SAWS.—That the saws of the
Grecian carpenters were pretty similar in form to those at
present in use, is satisfactorily inferred from a painting
found at Herculaneum, in which two genii are represented
at the end of a bench, consisting of a long table, each end
of which rests upon two four-footed stools. The in-
strument in this representation resembles our frame-saw :

it consists of a square frame, having in the middle a blade
or web, the teeth of which stand perpendicular to the plane
of the frame. The arms too, in which the blade is
fastened, have the same form as that which is at present
given to them. The piece of wood which is to be sawn
extends beyond the end of the bench, and one of the mirk-
men appears standing and the other sitting on
tthe ground.
This is probably the must ancient authentic voucher for the
early existence of an instrument resembling our common
saw extant.—Dr. Lardner'.. Cabinet Cyclopcedia, Vol.
XXIV.

NOTTINGHAM SPECIAL COMMISSION.

(From the Times.)

PESIIITE OP CRARLES BERKINS AND
PHOMAS SHELTON.

TUEStAt EirEtflN4s

The meritorious exertions of the inhabitants of Notting,
ham, to save the lives of the five unhappy men condemned
to death at the conclusion of the late Special Commission,
have not been entirely unsuccessful. Letters were received
in the town this morning from the Secretary of State
for the Home Department, communicating to the proper
local authorities Ihe information that his Majesty 'had
given directions that the sentence passed upon George
Peek, George Hearson, and John Armstrong should be
carried into execution on Wednesday next, but that be had
been pleased to order that Charles neritins and Thomas
Shelton should be respited during his pleasure. intelli-
gence of this change in the destiny of some of the con-
victs soon got into circulation, and though many were
disappointed that the lives of all of them were not spared,
there was a general feeling of delight throughout the town
that two of them were rescued from the extreme penalty
of the law.

Naturally, since their condemnation, the behaviour of
the convicts, upon the whole, has been well suited to their
deplorable situation. They have attended regularly to
their religious duties, in which they have been assisted by
Dr. Wood, the chaplain of the prison, three methodist
teachers, and Lady Lucy Smith, the wife of a gentleman
of fortune in this county, and a daughter of the late Lord
Melville. Armstrong appeared to receive the least, and
Shelton the most, consolation from these religious confe-
rences. It was clear, however, the necessity of making
their peace with God was by no means the leading object
of their thoughts last week. The feverish restlessness
which they displayed whenever he entered their cells, and
some information which he received from some parties not
in the gaol, induced Mr. Briarley to believe they were en-
gaged in some plan to effect their escape from his custody.
He ordered them in consequence out of their cills iu order
that he might more narrowly inspect their security ; and,
on examining their beds, he found that Hearson and
Armstrong had cut their blankets into long thin slips,
and had made of them a species of ladder, by which
they hoped to surmount the walls of their prison.
It would have been almost impossible to have carried
their project into execution without detection ; for,
even supposing they had succeeded in getting out of
their cells, in scaling the wall of their yard they must
have attracted the notice of a military sentinel, who paces!
night and day along a platform, which ran para lel with
that wall and was a few feet higher than its summit. Of
the post, which this soldier occupied, the convicts were
perfectly aware; but they calculated on the chance of his
missing them if he fired at them at all, and they argued
that as die they must, it was less ignoble to perish by a
bullet than by a rope. The discovery of this meditated
escape compelled Mr. Briarley to put them in irons, and
to deny them several minor indulgences which they had
hitherto enjoyed. The men have submitted to these pre-
cautions with resignation, and complain of nothing but
their want of power to frustrate them.
It may here be as well to state, that Hearson and Shel-
ton are both married men. Shelton has children. Hear-
con has none. Armstrong has a numerous family, hut no
wife. Beck is under promise of marriage to a young
woman, now far advanced in pregnancy by him. He is,
I understand, the nephew of Shaw, the celebrated Life
Guardsman, who fell at Waterloo after slaughtering no
less than seven cuirassiers of the Imperial Guard. Berkins
has no wife or family. His parents, however, are still
alive, and have a numerous family of daughters. Hear-
s ,n's mother is alive, and, I need not add, in the deepen
tribulation at present. His wife, to whom he has been but
an indifferent husband, had an interview with him yester-
day, and will see him no more.
It was about eleven o'clock this morning that the letters
from the Home-office, containing the respite of Berkins
and Shelton, reached the High Sheriff. Berkins appeared
like a man walking in a dream ; be was evidently stupi-
lied by the good fortune which hid befallen him. Shelton
was more resigned, and was able to converse rationally.
Both expressed their deepest gratitude to his Majesty for
having delivered them from the grasp of a violent and un-
timely death.
Whilst in the gaol I was also present at an interview
which took place between Beck, Hearson, and Armstrong,
and three of the leading members of the committee of
operatives wbo subscribed their hard earnings for their de-
fence. These men came as a deputation from the com-
mittee, to know whether Beck, Hearson, and Armstrong,
were satisfied with the exertions which they had made to
obtain a commutation of their sentence. The convicts
replied, that they were satisfied that every thing had been
done for them that could be done, and expressvd, in very
grateful terms, their sense of the sympathy which their
townsmen had displayed towards them.

During this conversation, I had an opportunity of ob-
serving the prisoners very closely. Beck is much altered
since his trial. He was then a fine fresh looking athletic
young man ; he looks now twenty years older than he
looked at that time, and is evidently much worn away by
anxiety and grief. There is no visible alteration in the ap-
pearance of Hearson and Armstrong. This may perhaps
be owing to their having buoyed themselves up with the
hope of effecting their escape. Even at this moment Arm-
strong expresses his conviction that Government cannot be
serious when it talks of hanging him, Poor wretch ! he
will find himself mistaken.

As I was leaving the prison I met Hearson's mother
and sister descending the stairs which lead to his cell, in
order to have their final interview with him. The ap-
pearance of the old woman was truly de.olate, and the in-
terview has, I understand, been of the most heart-rending
description. Hearson was completely unmanned by it,
and gave way to such a burst of grief, that Beck re-
quested his mother to leave hint, and led his companion in
misfortune back to his cell, exclaiming " Caine, come,
George, bear up, this agony will soon be over, and then,
I trust, we shall all meet again in Heaven."
Beck's sister came to see him to-day with a written list
of the names of the persons whom she has asked to at--
tend his funeral. She asked him whether there were anv
other persons whom he would wish to follow his remains
to the grave. His reply was, "No ; he was quite con-
tent with the list which she had presented to him."
It is a singular fact, that Armstrong owes his appre-
hension and his death to the revengeful feelings of a man
whose jeitlousy he had excited. Armstrong is quite a
provincial I)un Juan, and has been repeatedly in trluble
with the parish authorities of Derby and Nottingham in
consequence of his amorous propensities. On his trial,
one of the witnesses for the prosecution swore that Arm-
strong had stated to him, that he had absconded from
Nottingham on account of the prominent part which
he had taken in the riots there. Armstrong ad-
mits that he did abscond from Nottingham, but he
says that it was merely to avoid being taken into
custody by the parish authorities, on account of a
bastard child which had just been sworn to him. He
went to Derby, where he lodged with a married woman of
the name of Martin, who had been an old flame of his,
but who had subsequently formed a liason with one Owen
M'Gauley. M'Gauley became jealous of Amstrong, and
i❑ consequence, as might be expected, a quarrel soon took
place between them. M'Gauley requested another wo
man to deliver a message for him to Mrs. Martin, stating
that be had made up his mind to get rid of Armstrong,
and that when he had done that, he would live with her in
spite both of Armstrong and of her husband. He was as
good as his word respecting Armstrong. lie gave the in-
formation that led to Armstrong's apprehension in the first
instance, and that testimony subsequently on his trial which
rendered his condemnation matter of certainty. Au at-
tempt was made to get Armstrong's sentence changed to a
smaller punishment, on the ground that M'Gauley was in-
stigated by revenge to swear away the life of Armstrong,
and that he was not in any respect the witness of truth.
The greatest excitement prevails at present in the town,
but it is not excitement of a dangerous character. The
street before the Court-house is crowded with the friends
and relatives of the unfortunate criminals, and you cannot
move along the flags without bearing individuals lament
that so great a sacrifice of life is to take place to-morrow-
There has been an unnecessary display of military force in
the town this day. About two o'clock to-day two six-
pounders were paraded round the market-place. In addi-
tion to the 15th Hussars, and the 18th Light Infant, y, who
have for some time been stationed here, some troops of the
Queen's Bays have marched in to form the garrison of the
place. The yeomanry are also ordered out, as well as a
numerous array of special constables.

EXECUTION OF GEO. BECK, GEO.
HEARS ON, AND JOHN ARMSTRONG.
NOTTINGHAM, FEB 1.

At a late hour last night the High Sheriff determined
to defer the execution of these unfortunate men from eight
o'clock in the morning to an hour after the arrival of the
snail from London. This alteration in the time of the execu-
tion was made at the earnest solicitation of several humane
individuals, who deluded themselves with hopes that the
consideration of another day might induce the Govern-
ment to spare the lives of one or more of these misguided
men. On entering the gaol, my first inquiry was re-
garding the manner in which the convicts had passed the
night, and my next regarding the degree of fortitude with
which they were likely to meet their approaching fate.

1 was informed that Eck and Armstrong had slept occa-
sionally durir4 the night; but that Flearson had been in
a state of mind which required a frequent application of
stimulants to keep him from fainting. As the morning ad—
vanced he recovered his firmness, encouraged perhaps by
'the manly resignation exhibited by his two friends, Beck
end Armstrong; and I was rejoiced to hear that their
demeanour at this critical moment was such as befitted
Christian then who had to undergo their terrible ordeal.

At a quarter past ten the mail arrived ; hut brought
with it no respire of execution. As soon as this was as-
certained, the men were led out of their cells to be pi-
nioned, Beck came first, Hearson next, and Armstrong
last. They were pinioned in the same order. They bore
this awful preparation for their last earthly sufferings with
great fortitude. When the pinioning of Beck was con-
cluded, Mr. Payne stepped forward, and•requested him to
lean his head against his (Mr. Payne's) side, till his cons-
peniens had submitted to the same ceremony. He ac-
cepted this offer, ejaculating occasionally prayers for
mercy. After Hearson was pinioned, he reques•ed
Briarley to let him have a glass of sherry. Armstrong
joined in the same wish, as did afterwards Beck. The
wine wag given them and they drank it. Hearson wished
the executioner to banlage his eyes, that he might not be
appalled by seeing the fatal beam on which he was to termi-
nate his existence. Armstrong dissuaded him from this, and
exhorted him to meet his fate with the resignation of a Chris-
tian. Armstrong was pinioned without stirring a single
muscle. Amid his ejaculations for mercy he kept saying,
" They'll know me in Heaven as a murdered man."
When the pinioning was completed they were marshalled
into the lodge of the County Court, where the Rev. Dr.
Wood again prayed for them. They inquired whether
there was any necessity that they should be buried that
day; and on being informed that there was not, they all
desired that their funerals should not take place before
Sunday.
On Dr. Wood's concluding the affecting prayer which
is always read to criminals just before their execution, and
on his consigning them to God's gracious protection and
mercy, the procession was formed to ascend the scaffold.
B-ck ascended it first with great seriousness, but with a
firm and unfaltering footstep. Hearson, who had joined
with great fervour in all the devotional exercises of the
morning, surprised all who had seen his previous conduit
by the manner in which he behaved after mounting the
scaffold. He took his cap off his bead, waved it in a
sort of triumph, and began to dance like a maniac in his
chains. He recognized some individual who was seated
on a housetop opposite the scaffold, and immediately
shouted out " Well lone, Will, lad." A person in the
crowd slid to him, " Good by, Curley," addressing him by
the name by which he was known in pugilistic circles, of
which both he and Armstrong were great frequenters. This
address set him to dancing again, arid I am inclined to attri-
bute his extraordinary conduct at this crisis of fate, not to
any spirit of bravado, but to sudden delirium. He then
turned round to the hangman, and complained that he had
not an inch of rope. " Give me rope enough, that I may
the sooner be out of misery." He then burst into a series
of ejaculations fur mercy to his soul. Armstrong, who
was brought last upon the scaffold, was much distressed on
seeing, what I believe to have been, the frantic gestures of
Hearson. He said to him, " None of that, George, it is
not sense ; I must say that I am innocent, because I am
so; but I'll have none of this." He was then tied up to
the beam. About eight minutes were consumed in these
necessary preparations. E'cactly at twenty minutes before
twelve, the hangman dretv their caps over their faces, and
that ceremony seemed to be the signal for a thousand
voices to utter the fearful cry of " Murder !" and of
" Blood !" This cry must have been ringing in the ears
of the unfortunate men at the very moment when the
withdrawal of the fatal bolt carried them from the tribunals
of men, to appear at the bar of heavenly justice. They
were clasping each other's hands at the moment they All,
but the suddenness of their fall severed the association,
and the agonies of death prevented them renewing it.
They stregeled, but not violently, for five minutes. At
the expiration of that time, their frames had ceased to
heave, and life was evidently extinct.
After the cry of murder had subsided, the multitude,
which must have consisted of 8,000 or 10,000 people, be-
haved with great propriety and decorum. It did not,
however, disperse until the hangman made his second ap-
pearance on the scaffold to cut down these unfortunate de-
linquents. This was done at twenty minutes before one
o'clock. The bodies were then placed in their respective
c (fins, and will be delivered to their friends in the course
of to-morrow.

At the time our express left Nottingham (half•past one
o'clock,) every thing was quiet, and no disturbance was
anticipated.

The progress of civilization has given a nevr
character to crime. In mountainous countries, and in ge-
n ral where the population is scanty, there is a greater
intensity of feeling, and stubbornness of character, and the
prevailing crimes are crimes of cruelty and vengeance. In
cities and towns, the p issions are diluted by the multipli-
city of objects on which they are exercised; but the desire
to enjoy is constantly stimulated, and he who is without
property has great difficulty in resisting the temptation to
take the property of others. In great cities and towns,
murder is not committed from vindictive feelings or cruelty,
but with a view to gratify the senses is some way or other.
—Morning Chronicle.

Lord HILL, as General Commanding-in-
Chief, has given directions for the formation of two ad-
ditional military district., the head-quarters or stations of
which are at Bristol and Dudley, in Worcestershire.
Major-General Sir Ric HA RD DOWNES JACKSON, Assistant
Quarter-Master-General to the Forces, has been appointed
to the co:limy-id of the Severn, or Bristol district, which
comprises the counties of Gloucester, Monmouth, Brecon,
and Glamorgan ; and Captain DUNLOP, of the Grenadier
Guards, has received the appointment of Aide-de-Camp to
the Major- General. The Inland, or Dudley District, in-
cludes the counties of Worcester, Northampton, Warwick,
Stafford, Shropshire, and Leicester; and Major-General
A. CAMPBELL is appointed to the command. England
and Wales are now divided into five military districts I

EUROPEAN ARMIES.—The French army
costs less to the Sta'e, with the exception of that of Aus-
tria, than any other in Europe—thus, for example :—The
English army, amounting to 100,000 men, costs annually
246 millions (francs), according to the English Budget.
That of Prussia, 100 milions, for 100,000 men; of Aus-
tria, consisting of 270,000 men, 160 millions. The whole
expence of feeding, clothing, &c. each man in France is
733 f. ; in England, 2,162 f. ; in Prussia, I,ooof. ; in
Austria, 6.51 f. This statement proves the advantage in
favour of France (with the exception of Austria), and
there the transports are paid by the localities, and the
country possesses many peculiar advantages. The same
difference is observable in the expences of the officers in
France, where a General costs only 15,000 f., while in
Austria his expences are 15,5851.; in England, 32,000 f. ;
in Prussia, 24,000 f. ; and in Bavaria, 20,000 f.
The " Garrick Club," established, as we have
understood, for the encouragement and support of the le-
gitimate drama, was opened to its members yesterday for
the first time. The house purchased by the Committee
(a highly respectable body, including many persons of
rank) is situated in King-street, Covent-Garden, late Pao-
BAT'S Hotel, and because of its contiguity to the National
Theatres, is most eligible for the purpose. The dining-
room is admirably appointed, and fitted up with good sub-
stantial taste, calculated to accommodate a fair average of
the members who miy be expected to dine. The draw-
ing-room is upon a larger scale, the furniture of it excel-
lent, far more calculated for use thin ornament; still the
ottomans fixed at the east end, are rather of a costly cha-
racter and exceedingly luxurious. Most of the noblemen
and persons of rank who patronise the stage, dramatic
writ-re, proprietors, managers of the metropolitan
theatres, and distinguished actors, are members of this
club, which bids fair to become one of the most popular
in London. The Garrick would seem to possess a decided
advantage ever clubs in general, inasmuch as the members
are nesrly all known to each other.
By the advices from Washington we learn,
that during the last year the following treaties were con-
cluded with the Indians in Ohio :—With the Senecas of
Sandusky,
extinguishing the Indian title to 40,000 acres
of land in the counties of Seneca and Sandusky; with the
Senecas and Shawnees of Lewistown, extinguishing the
title to 10,000 acres, lying on the great Miami river; with
the Shawnees of Wapaghkoonetta, extinguishing the title
to 92,800 acres in the county of Allen ; with the Ottowas
of Manmee, extinguishing the title to 19,760 acres ; with
Wyandots, extinguishing the title to 162,216 acres.
It will be s-en that the entire quantity of land ceded by
the Indian tribes, in the state of Ohio, during the last
ar, is 384,776 acres.

MANCH ESTER, TUESDAY.—The individuals
who were taken up on Sunday for being the leaders of a
seditious meeting, were examin d before three Magistrates
immediately after their apprehension, but nothing has
transpired as to the result. It was rumoured that they
were committed to take their trials at the ensuing Lan-
caster Assizes, but this is not thought to be true. We have
since learnt that they are to he brought up to-morrow ;
and Will then, probably, be committed to the tread-mill
as vagrants. Loaded pistols were found on some,of:the
men in custody, and pistol flints and gunpowder, in.:tile
pockets of the " Chairman."

We take for granted that an investigation will
be forthwith instituted into the conduct of the
Bristol Magistrates. The rioters have been put
00 their trial ; the military has been put on its
trial ; and it now remains for the Civil Power
to be put on its trial. If an enquiry into
the conduct of these latter authorities be not
promptly instituted, the people will have a right
to say that justice is a quality unknown to an
English Government. A more dastardly, blunder-
ing set of officials than the Bristol magistrates is,
we firmly believe, not to be met with in Europe.
We scarcely know which most to despise, their
arrant stupidity or their rank cowardice. Had
a squad of old women been appointed to watch
over the safety of the city, with nothing but broom-
sticks in their hands, they would have cudgelled
Bristol into tranquillity with far more prompti-
tude and efficacy. One Magistrate, forsooth,
cannot do his duty because he is afraid of his
goods ; another, because he does not know
how to ride ; a third, because he has
not been on horseback for eighteen years ; while
the Right Worshipful the Mayor, the presiding
genius of the fraternity, gives strict orders that
he be not ferreted out of his rat-hole, until
all danger is over, and he may be enabled once
again:to exhibit his honoured circumference with
safety ! Is this conduct to be passed by with impu-
nity ? Are the wealthy Bristol Magistrates to
escape, and the poor infatuated Bristol rioters to
be hanged ? But justice shall yet have her
dues ; for if tha-Government be afraid of these
mighty officials, the people and the Press are not.

irussels Papers, received this morning, con-
tain the particulars of General BELLIARD'S
death, together with a short memoir of his public
career and military services. Like most of the
French Generals, his life has been occupied in
scenes of eventful moment and gallant achieve-
ment. His character was as conspicuous for
prudent conduct as remarkable for ambitious
enterprise :
BRUSSELS, JAN. 29.—The whole city was alarmed
yesterday by an unexpected event, the death of General
I?belliard. In the morning he felt himself slightly india-
Posed, but afterwards, thinking himself better, he break-
lasted as usual and waited on his Majesty. Feeling him-
:llf ill as be left the Palace he went into the park, and,
Ing obliged to sit down on a bench, he fell into a faint-
ing;3fit, from which it was not possible to recover him.
le beau, who was at the Palace, and soon afterwards
Scutin, exerted themselves in vain ; they attributed
h: death to indigestion, aggravated by the cold to which
„ too long exposed in the park, and which caused an
'Pression ov the brain. It was half-past twelve when the
General entered the park on leaving the King. He
stru
Stied till three o'clock ; during this time he spoke but
dsa eta few words. There was a hall at the Court yester-
Y ; the unfortunate event of the day, which was the

general subject of conversation, threw a gloom over the
whole assembly.
The courier who passed through this eity the day be-
fore yesterday was not an Austrian messenger, but the
Secretary of the English Legation at Vienna, with de-
spatches for Sir R. Adair anti for London. An Austrian

Cabinet messenger from Vienna, and a Prussian courier
from Berlin, both with despatches for London, have passed
through Brussels since yesterday afternoon ; the former
said that it was generally believed at Vienna that peace
would be preserved. It is affirmed that Prussia will
shortly urge in the German Diet the adoption of general
measures in all the states of the Confederation respecting
the liberty of the Press, in conformity with Article 18 of
the Act of the Confederation.
BRUSSELS, JAN. 30.—1 t is said that the visit of Gene-
ral Belliard to the King on Saturday, was on account of a
treaty of alliance between England, France, and Belgium.
Last niglst, at eleven o'clock, a British Cabinet mes-
senger was sent by Sir R. Adair to London, with de-
spatches.

A general service for General Belliard will be per-
formed on Tuesday. The body is to be sent to France.
The General had had several previous attacks, similar to
that which proved fatal. He was in the 63d year
of his age, and one of the oldest and most distinguished
officers of the French army. He was Aide-de Camp to
General Dumourier, at the commencement of the revo-
lution. In 1796 he joined the army of Italy, under
Bonaparte, and distinguished himself at Castiglione, Ar-
cole, &c. He accompanied Bonaparte to Egypt, where
he had the command of the province of Thebes; com-
manded a division at the battle of Heliopolis, defeated the
Mamelukes at Caphtos, and took Cossein. After the as-
sassination of Kieber, I e took the command of Cairo ;
returned to France on the capitulation of Alexandria, and
was appointed to the command of Brussels. He was at
the battle of Austerlitz ; was in the campaign against
Prussia, in 1806 ; went into Spain, and occupied Madrid
by capitulation, in December, 1808. He was with the
grand army in 1812, and had a horse killed under him at
the battle of Moskowa. He was in favour with Louis
the Eighteenth, who created him a Chevalier of St. Louis,
and gave him a seat in the Chamber of Peers; but be-
ing appointed Major-General of the army which was
to stop the march of Napoleon to Paris, in 1815, he
yielded to the enthusiasm of his troops, and was sent
on a delicate mission to the King of Naples which could
not succeed. Napoleon, on his return to France, gave
him the command of the army of the Moselle : on the en-
trance of the Allies into Paris he was confined for some
months in the Abbey, but he was soon released and lived
esteemed in private life, after his long and active career.
After the revolution in July, the Belgian deputation sent
to Paris expressed a wish that the General, who had ac-
quired universal esteem during his long residence among
us, should be appointed Minister Plenipotentiary of France,
in Belgium. The eminent services that he has rendered
us, in preserving Antwerp from a second bombardment in
his negociations with Gen. Chasse, who served under him
in Spain, and lastly, in his negociations about the fortresses,
are fresh in the memory of our countrymen.
BRUSSELS, JAN. 31.—The body of Gen. Belliard lay
in state all yesterday ; he was covered with all his orders
and insignia. Numbers of persons went to his hotel to
see him. His funeral obsequies were performed to-day
with great pomp.
The Augsburg Gazette of the 26th, contains an article
dated from the banks of the Danube, Jan. 20, which says
that there is no doubt that the Emperor of Russia has ra-
tified the 24 Articles of the Treaty of Nov. 15 ; and the
same Journal has an article from Vienna of the 20th, which
is equally favourable in its views of the preservation of I
peace.

BERLIN, JAN. 22.—The anniversary of the Coronation,
and of the festival of the Military Order, was celebrated to-
day with great solemnity by his Majesty's command. The
number of promotions, &c, was nearly 300.
BERLIN, JAN. 25.—We have now only two cholera
patients remaining.

COMMON PLEA S.-(THIS DAY.)

BAXTER V. BRAND.

This was an action brought by the plaintiff to recover
compensation for services done and performed for the de-
fendant's wife, and for the value of a quantity of fixtures.
The Jury found a verdict for the plaintiff—Damages,
3951.-3001. for the services of the plaintiff, and 951. for
the fixtures.

SPRING ASSIZES.

WESTERN CIRCUIT.

SOUTHAmProN—Saturday, Feb. 25, at the Castle of Winchester.
WlLTS—Saturday, March 3, at New Sarum.
DoßsET—Saturday, March 10, at Dorchester.
Dzy, °NT—Friday, March 16, at the Castle of Exeter.
CITY AND COUNTY OF EXETER—Same day, at the Guildhall of
said City.
CORNWALL—Friday, March 23, at Launceston.
SOMERSET—Wednesday, March 28, at the Castle of Taunton.

CHOLERA NIORBUS, OFFICIAL REPORT.

COUNCIL OFFICE,
DAILY REPO

, WHITEHALL.—(THIS DAY.)
,RT of CHOLERA CASES.

I -
„ . t
1 z
0 0
c., 0
Places.
:E
1t 5 8
2 g 1- 3 E
Z
Jan.
Sunderland
Newcastle 3l 33 8 1 4 38 896 285
Gateshead
North Shields and
Tynemouth 3l 44 20 0 4 60 164 43
Newburu
Wallsend 3O 5 0 0 0 5 2t 3
I
Walker 3l 7 2 1 2 6 80 21
Scottswood and Biggs
Main
Hetton, &c. 3l 33 6 1 6 132 339 71
Haddington and vi-
cinity, N.B. 3O 7 3 3 0 7 75 41
Tranent, N.B. 3O 38 9 41 4 39 166 41
Preston Pans 3O tO 6 1 6 19 40 7
North Berwick, N.B 29 3 0 I
1 1 1 I 7 [4
Edinburgh, N.B 3O 3 0 I 0 0 3 5 2
- -
Total I 12.71 59 114 133 219 2965 918
Totals from places where the disease bas ceased,
and from which no returns have been this day
received 346 122
Grand Total 13311 1040