The Sun.
London, England, 1835-09-03 00:00:00

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LONDON,
THURSDAY EVENING, SEPTEMBER 3, 1835.

In the House of Lords last night, in reply to some
attacks made on him by Narcissus WICKLOW, Lord
MELBOURNE defined the policy of the last Tory
Cabinet in more exact and appropriate terms than
we have ever yet seen it defined. "It appears to
me," said the Noble Viscount, " that the whole ob-
ject of the late Government was to try to manage and
cajole the people ; the whole of their measures were,
in my opinion, a series of clap-traps, such as were
thought calculated to win and gain over the people."
Of course these stinging remarks, which his Grace of
WELLINGTON vainly endeavoured to refute, have n!-
ference to the famous Tam worth Manifesto, which a
certain Morning Contemporary, in one of his most
ecstatic bursts, asserted, would " fiouridi through time,
and be co-eval with eternity," but which six short
months have sufficed to consign to the tomb of all the
Capulets. Their Lordships listened to the Noble
Viscount's apt sarcasm with visible impatience, and
winced under it like a soldier under the discipline of a
drummer-boy, more especially when he added, " I
deny that we are led by Mr. O'CONNELL ; but
I know this, that we are governed by other
Ultras ; that we are subjected to their do-
mination and their guidance ; and that we are
forced to adopt the measures of a majority
who are led by the more violent, blind, and unyield-
ing among themselves." The Conservatives could
not deny the truth of these remarks ; they could not
deny that, from the basest and most interested motives,
they have constantly thwarted every attempt that Mi-
nisters have made during the Session to further the
progress of Reform ; and therefore had recourse to
their usual tactics, under such circumstances, of in-
terrupting by clamour, what they could not answer
by argument. As regards the Ministry, for whose va-
cillating behaviour during the week, Lord MEL BOURNE
is here indirectly apologising, on the plea that they were
coerced by a superior power, and had no means of helping
themselves, though we partly admit the apology, yet

E we cannot still help thinking that he should have
• adopted a decisive course of conduct, and at once re-
;
jetted all notions of a compromise. He had the
.• people with him—that people who were roused for the
express purpose of supporting him on the Corporation
Bill—he had a majority with him in the Commons ;
and thus supported, should undoubtedly have aban-
doned all ideas of even a partial surrender. How-
ever, there is no help for it now. A compromise has
been volunteered by the Commons which will, of
course, be acceded to by the Lords ; and our only
consolation is, that if we have not got all
we had a right to expect—all that Ministers had led
us to expect, by their talk of " resolution" the other
night ; still we have got more than a Tory Government
would ever have offered us, and quite enough to give
another shake to the tottering foundation of oligarchical
despotism. As for their Lordships' sneers at Lord
MELBOURNE for having availed himself of the
support of Mr. O'CoNNELL, they are not worth a
moment's notice. Why should not his Lordship
avail himself of it ? The Tories, we all know,
would have jumped at it, much as they now pro-
fess to depreciate it. It was only when they
could not reach the grapes, that they found out that
they were sour. So long as Mr. O'CONNELL advo-
cates liberal measures, so long a Government advoca-
ting the same is bound, not only to accept, but even
to court, his alliance. True, he has erred, and erred
seriously—considering the nature of his public position
—by his late show of conciliation: still he has erred in
common with the Government ; and as they plead in
excuse that they could not, under the circumstances,
act otherwise than they have done, the same apology
must, we suppose, however reluctantly, be accepted on
his behalf. Far better, indeed, that we should be go-
verned by a party who will promise to move, though
not so fast as we could desire, than by a party who will
not move at all. Even the creeping of a Whig is bet-
ter than the stand-still of a Tory. So long as we are
ruled by the one, we may take for granted—thanks
to the pressure from without, which we are now more
convinced than ever should never be relaxed—that one
day we shall lie able to work out satisfactorily the
great problem of Reform ; but from the other, we have
absolutely nothing to expect. The Tories are indeed
incorrigible ; and no greater curse could possibly be
inflicted on the country, than a return of that

hateful faction to power ; whose adherents in
the Upper House have already told us in no un-
equivocal terms, that they will never accept of
any proposition for Reform that comes before them
recommended by the support of Mr. O'CONNELL.
He is their great bugbear--the monster that, like the
Old Man of the Sea, is constantly fixed astride their
neck--and until he is removed, they care not by what
means, England, and more particularly Ireland,
.must be content to be deprived of all the fruits
of Reform. Is a party influenced by such pal-
try, personal spleen as this, fit to be entrusted
with the Government of a great nation ? No.
Deficient as the Whigs may be in energy, they are at
least a thousand times superior to the Tories. The
one, are really desirous of Reform. The others, " hate
the very mention of a name." The one have some
political character to lose. The others have a:character
yet to make.

The House of Commons, after agreeing to some
alterations of minor importance made by the Lords in
the Corporation Bill, resumed the consideration of the
qualification clause. The possession of a certain
amount of property as a qualification for office has
hitherto, we believe, been considered necessary, only as
a sort of presumption that one is of a rank in life with
which a certain degree of intelligence is supposed toile
connected. If a Member of Parliament possesses the
requisite qualification at the time of his election, we
apprehend he would not be obliged to vacate his seat
were he to be dispossessed of it after that period. The
Tories, however, think that a Councillor's capacity of
usefulness must vary as the amount of his ready cash
does. They allow that 1,0001. is ample security that
he has all the wisdom and all the integrity necessary
for the due discharge of his official duties ; but such
in their creed is the inseparable union between money
and mind, that the moment the one fails away
goes the other. Acting on this enlightened- principle
they insisted last night that there should be a co::-
tinuous qualification ; and accordingly such a qualifi-
cation was introduced into the Bill. Any Councillor
who, during his period of office, shall act without
being possessed, at the time, of the requisite amount
of property is made liable to a penalty of 501. for
every such act, and may be prosecuted at the in-
stance of any Burgess who may happen to have
a pique against him. The Councillor is protected in
some degree by a provision, introduced by the At-
torney-General, which throws the onus of proof upon
the prosecutor, and obliges him to find security for the
costs in case of his failing to make good his charge.
The beauty of the thing, however, is that the Councillor
who is qualified by rating is subjected to no such in-

quisitorial annoyance. He need not be worth a single
farthing more than pays his debts—he may be inso!-
vent—but he has nothing to fear. The informer can-
not reach him

The Cinque Ports then occupied the attention of
the House for a very brief space. The amendment
of the Lords, by which the antiquated and inconve-
nient organization of these towns was preserved, was
not disturbed. Lord JoHN RUSSELL expressed his
intention to bring in a Bill next year to put them on a

better footing.
The CHANCELLOR of the EXCHEQUER then pro-
posed a clause, by which Corporations are to be com-
pelled to sell the advosysons now in their gift. This
amendment was greedily snapped at by the Tories,
and was finally agreed to. We think the fear of dis-
pleasing the Lords has driven the House to a hasty
and injudicious decision on this very important point.
No good reason has yet been advanced why the Cor-
porations should be deprived of the privilege of choos-
ing such Ministers as they may think most likely to
be useful and acceptable to their constituents. It
is nonsense to talk of the evils of a popular election.
There might be some sense in the objection if the
election rested with the general body of the parishioners ;
but it does not apply to appointments by the Coun-
cil. Nor is it to be overlooked, that by this enact-
ment another bar is put in the way of those clergy-
men who are without a powerful patron to procure
preferment in the Church, or who may be too honest
to incur the favour of a bishop. Our readers will find
a valuable letter on this subject in another part of
The Sun, and we hope the subject may yet be
brought under the consideration of the House,
though we confess we have little hope that the ar-
rangement will be altered. There is now not the
least chance of any improvement in the mea-
sure, and we must make up our minds to take
it with all its imperfections. Our regret is that
Ministers, with the best intentions to do right, should
not have taken more advantage of their position with
the public, and have stood out—as we are confident
they might safely have done—for the Bill, the whole
Bill, and nothing but the Bill.

The French Journals of Tuesday, received this
morning, are unusually destitute of important intelli-
gence. On Monday, the Bill for abolishing the Li-
berty of the Press was introduced in the Chamber of
Peers by the KEEPER of the SEALS, who took that
occasion of defending Ministers from the charge of de-
siring to violate the Constitutional Charter. He main-
tained, that so far from abolishing the freedom of the
Press, the effect of the Bill would be to extend that
freedom to an extent most consistent with the true

liberty of public journalists, and the dissemination o;

constitutional knowledge. This, however, is a pro-
position of which we find neither exposition nor con-
firmation in his speech, of which a copy is now before
us. Doubtless, it would be as agreeable to Louis
PIIILLIPPE as it would be interesting to ourselves, to
be informed in what way the KEEPER of the SEALS
reconciles, gags, and manacles, with the true enjoyment
of liberty.

The following is from the Moniteur of Tuesday :

On the 25th of August 350 Carlist infantry and 50 horse
violated the French territory, near La Manera. A Lieutenant
of the 3d Light Infantry sustained against them a fire which
lasted an hour and a half. A chasseur of the 3d Light In-
fantry was killed and another wounded. Several Carlist de-
tachments prepared to assemble at that spot. General Cas-
tellane sent thither forthwith a battalion of the 17th Light
Infantry and 50 horse of the 12th Chasseurg.
Letters from lava, dated the 23d, confirm the news of the
check sustained by the Carlist expedition. Gurrea is in pur-
suit of them ; he has made some prisoners, and recovered all
their booty, among other articles the gold and silver taken
from the churches.

Don Carlos is at Estella with Moreno and the bulk of the
army. Cordova is still between Lerin and Logrono.
The report was afloat that the Carlists designed to attempt
another attack upon Bilboa. A steam-boat has conveyed
four English companies to Portugalete.

The Journal du Commerce contains the following :
"If we believe a letter from Navarre, a fresh incident is
about to aggravate the perplexity of Queen Christina's affairs.
Don Carlos, by a Decree, dated from Estella, has restored
the ancient fueros of the Crown of Arragon, such as they ex-
isted at the accession of Philip the Second. The Decree is
counter-signed by M. Cruz-Mayor, and addressed to the
Bishop of Solsona, Pfesident of the Junta Catalonia for
Don Carlos."

The Messager, under the head of advices from
Spain, says :
" There is not yet any confirmation of the disturbances at
Corurna. It seems certain that the intervention Lis been
regularly required a second time, either by the Guvernmeia
of the Queen or by M. de Raynnval, and the Council of
Ministers is now debating the subject. Nothing has yet
been decided upon."
The ?Jfoniteur contains a Report addressed to the King by
the Minister at War, Marshal Maison, on the administration of
military justice during the year 1833. The effective force
of the French army amounted in that year to 398.281 men,
including the Municipal Guard and the firemen of Paris.
The whole number sent to trial before councils of war was
6,881, which gives an average of 1 in 58. In this nucl ber,
however, are thirty-two natives of Algiers, who, although
not soldiers, are held to be subject to the military tribunal; ;

and 781 for offences not of a military nature; although com-
mitted by soldiers, including every variety of crime re-
cognised by the penal code. About two-thirds of the ac-
cused were convicted ; and of the convicts, 93 were con-
demned to death ; 309 to hard labour, or imprisornent
in chains ; 140 to solitary confinement ; 400 to the log or
boulet ; 760 to labour on the public works ; 2,961 to various
terms of simple imprisonment ; and 7 to pecuniary fines.
Before the end of the year 1834, 1,743 of the convicts were
either pardoned by the King, or had their punishments com-
muted or alleviated. Of the 93 condemned to death, 23 were
executed, 2in France, and 21 in Africa. Of those last, 9 were
Frenchmen, 4 belonged to the Foreign Legion, and 8 were
natives. Of the whole number brought to trial, 14 were com.
missioned officers, 281 non-commissioned officers, and 6,547
privates. Seven-twelfths of the whole number had not received
the first elements of education, and the greater part of the other
five-twelfths could do no more than sign their declarations. The
minister reports, however, that in his opinion the general result
affords a favourable view of the state of morality in the army,
and, as compared with the previous year, shows that crime is on
the decline.

Marshal Clause] on the 19th ult., addressed the following
proclamation to the inhabitants of the French possessions in
the north of Africa :

" My nomination to the government of the French posses-
sions in the north of Africa is an act most significant of the
intentions of the King of the French. Before I address to
you a few words—before I express to you my opinions and my
projects, it is incumbent on me to see and to study the present
situation of the country. However complicated affairs may
be at this moment, I entertain a confident hope, with the aid of
the Administration and the concurrence of the inhabitants, of
being able to restore peace, after having punished the rebels,
whoever they may be, and wheresoever they may be found;
to favour all agricultural and commercial undertakings over a
great extent of country ; to draw to the Regency European
-cultivators, in order that they may fertilize by their labours
--the richest lands of the known world ; and finally, to give ex-
tension to the commerce of the colony, the happy effects of
which would be imparted to the mother-country. I will im-
mediately fulfil the promises made in 1830 to those proprietors
whose houses were demolished for reasons of public utility.
The sequestration placed upon various properties shall be
shortly removed. In 1836 the quartering of the military shall
no longer be at the cost of proprietors, and as soon as our finan-
cial circumstances will permit, I will indemnify those who have
hitherto borne that expense. Finally, modifications in the tariff
of customs, by facilitating dealings between Europe and Africa,
will be a new source of wealth for the country. Inhabitants of
the Regency of Algiers, give yourselves up to hope, it will not
be deceived under my administration—form enterprises, and
execute them freely throughout the lands which we occupy, and
you will find protection from that force which is at my dispo-
sal ; but learn also, that the force under my command is but
a secondary means, for it is only by European emigration, and
the labour of the colonists and commerce, that we shall take
deep root here. We shall form by perseverance a new people,
which will augment still more rapidly than the nation whose
foundation was laid across the Atlantic within the last century.
And you, natives, who have not hitherto sufficiently appre-
ciated the advantage and the honour of being considered the
equal of those who have raised you on a level with themselves
you who seem to look back with regret upon the humble
condition in which you formerly lived, and have never been
able to command either Arabs or Turks—you, whose customs
and religion, and property, we leave unimpaired, put an end to
your culpable intrigues and to the correspondence which you
believe to be secret, and learn, according to the tenets of yeur
religion, that you must obey the higher powers, and yield to
necessity. That power which can protect will punish if con-
strained so to do. This is useful and paternal advice which I
give, and not a menace, for each of you may rely upon my
constant protection if you conduct yourselves in a manner to
deserve it."

FRENCH FUNDS.—PARTS, SEPTEMBER 1.
Five per Cents , 109 f 700. fsc. 55c. 60c. luc.
Three pe, Cciits. 70f 25e. 20e 1::c.
rank Actions, 2,0 iff. 2,037 f
Rtinte de-..Zaptes, 97f.55c. 50c. 45c. 50c.
Fctite d'F.spalpie, Titre:, per Cents.,
lior.ll Spanish Loan. 3314.-
Rento I'l•rpet. it'll-,pagne, Five per Cent., 35-343 i !4
Belgian Loan, Five per Cents., 10•?
Portugue_e Lu.tn, Five per Cent., 87.
EXCHANGE ON LONDON.
Cue month, p:iper, '2sf. 47!6e ; money, —t
'three months, paper, '251 money, —f.

Bouesa, THREE 0' CLOCK. —The settling of accounts is going
on very smoothly. The 3 per Cents., however, have been a
little worse ; they were generally done at 79f. 20c, to make
up, and 79f. 40c. 4.91 c. for the end of September. The
Spanish securities are rather worse, which is in some degree
owing to the total abandonment of that stock on a settling
day. Only one defaulter has been declared, and one of very
little importance.
P. S. A courier has arrived from Spain with good accounts.
Ardouiri, it is said, had advanced funds to carry on the business
of the Government for two months to conic.

QUARTER TO FOUR.—Five per Cents., 109 f. 85c. ; Three
per Cents., 791. 55c. ; Five per Cents. Spanish, 35/ ; Three
per Cents. Spanish, 224 7 • Cortes, —; Coupons, —; Gueb•
hards, 354 ; Differes, 144; New Loan, 401- ; Actives, 40 ;
Passives, 12:1,. ; Ducats, 97 75 ; Romans, —; Pedros, 87 ;
Belgians, 104; Dutch, ; Ilaytians, ; Miguels, —;
Brabant Bank, —.

We have received Belgian, Dutch, and German
Papers of the latest dates.- In the Dutch Journals we
find no intelligence, political or local, of any import-
ance. The Belgian Chambers are wholly taken up
with the consideration of reports on the cotton manu-
factures. The navigation of the Upper Scheldt is in-
terrupted in consequence of the great drought.
The following are from the German Papers :
LEirsic, Aco. 23. —A nebulous spot, supposed to be Hal-
ley's comet, was discovered this morning at three o'clock from
our Observatory.
VIENNA, AUG. 23.—Halley's comet was seen yesterday
morning at daybreak, from the Observatory, by Mr. Charles
Littrow.

A Royal Rescript was read in the sitting of the Hungarian
Diet of 14th August, in which hie Majesty the Emperor ex-
presses his surprise and regret that the important object of
regulating, by a law, the relations between the land-owners
and their vassals had not yet been attained, after nearly three
years' discussion. His Majesty therefore entreats the Diet to
hasten the discussion now pending, and to send the result to
him by the Palatine of the kingdom. This rescript having
been discussed in several successive sittings, it was resolved,
in the 350th sitting, of 19th August, by both Chambers, to
deliver to the Archduke Palatine five representatives to his
Majesty, on which they had agreed. It is probable, therefore,
that the Diet will soon close, and before the opening of that of
Transylvania.
VuoiNa, Auo UST 24.—Five per Cents., 102 x; Four per Cents.
93 7-16; Bank Shares, I,32o.—Allyemeine Zeitung, Aug. •?9.

DUTCH FUNDS—Amsmanam, SEPT. 1.
Money. Bills.
Aetna! Deht, 2% per Cent.
Loan (IC-41) 5 per cent.
1 • In Syndic, -I i.? tar rent...
Ditto, ditto, 3% per cent 774 77%
Commercial Company, 4 per e..nt IPSA 10814
Ditto (L-32 and 1833) 5 per cent.
Exchange on London, One month l2 2214
Two months
SPANISH FUNDS
Loan, London (1832; 5 per Cent.
Cortes Coupons
Cortes at Amsterdam, 5 per Cent 31.1,4 to 33
Ditto, ditto, 3 per Cent 2O to 2014
Deferred Debt. l-1 to 14 !Ai
—Dutch Papers, Sept. 2.
PRUSSIAN FUNDS._Beaux, Ana. 27.
Bills. Money.
St. Schuld. Sch., 4 per cent. iol 5—!2 100 11-12
Prussian English Loan, 1830, 4 per cent 99% 98%
Exchange en London, Two months 6 27%
Prussian State Gazette, Aug. i.B.