The Sun.
London, England, 1866-03-13 00:00:00

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Free," " Columbia, Columbia, to Glory Arise," the
idea was cherished. In the last war the same ap-
pellation was used in the naval song commencing—
" Britannia's haughty streamers wave proudly o'er the

.4

tide,
And fairly wave Columbia's Stripes in battle aide by

sido."

So on down to the modern times, when " Columbia,
the Gem of the Ocean," made its appearance, the
same name was preserved in song. " America"
has not met with as much favour, for, except the
song, " God Bless America," and one or two others,
which never had a wide circulation, but little use
has been made of that name by lyrists. Philoso- •
phers have proposed for the United States such
names as " Appalachia" and " Alleghenia," but
their arguments have been in vain. To be " a
citizen of the United States" is the only distinction
which Americans have cared to boast about, and if
called Americans they feel that the title is only par-
tially distinctive. The United States are not
"America" in the full sense of the word, which-
applies to both continents. A Canadian is an
American ; so is a Peruvian or a Brazilian ; and by
taking the name of America to themselves, the
people of the United States coolly exclude the in-
habitants of American States and Provinces far ex-
pc eoerdt
inof h
ex-
ceeding, , int teh e amountcontinent
which of i
territorys nccuopeiceutipi
by occupied, ,
them.that
To call a citizen of the United States an American
can only give a correct idea of his nationality if the
title were restricted to their own people. But a
Mexican is an American, and a Russian of the
North-west is one also, and an inhabitant of New-
foundland is equally entitled to the distinction. Mr.
Anderson argues that " the term United States is
not sufficiently comprehensive 'and significant to
indicate the real unity and destiny of the Ame-
rican people." And why not ? Assuredly
" unity" is indicated by the words " United States,"
and as for the " destiny" of a country, we are
unable to perceive how that can be foretold by a
geographical name. It is true, there are other
United States—for instance " the United States of
but,Co Colombia" and
in
and
official
"t
he Unitedpapers, they
S t
ates of
fa
Mexico,"
xc
cl
ol
d"
" Colombia" and " Mexico. There is no aggre-
gation of provinces to which the title " United
States" is applied systematically, in writing or
speaking, but that which is governed from Wash-
ington. The name is thoroughly distinctive for
that reason ; and what may be occasionally done
for the sake of avoiding tautology by the use of the
word American constitutes no reason why the

people of the United States should give up a title
for their country which was given to it by their
fathers, and which they have grown up to reverence
and cherish.

Washington's Birthday.

NAPLES, March 2, 1866.

The American visitors and residents in this
city celebrated their national anniversary, on
the 22d of February, by a dejeuner at the
Hotel de Russie. The large and handsome saloon
of the hotel was draped at either end with American
flags, and on either side with the national standard
of Italy ; and flowers, of which Naples can now
boast so great a profusion, variety, and beauty, ar-
ranged in garlands, festoons, and bouquets, added
to the fine effect of the saloon and tables. The
company was seated soon after 11 o'clock, an early
hour having been selected with reference to
their convenience as travellers ; and the breakfast,
in its appointments and service was every way
creditable to the hotel. The music provided was of
unusual excellence. The band, numbering twenty
performers, belonged to the Second Legion of the
Naples National Guard. The American national
airs were rendered by them in a most spirited manner,
with a true appreciation of their light and shade.
The chair was taken by Mr. John Jay, of New
York, assisted by E. D. Stanton, Esq., of New
York, and other gentlemen.
Mr. JAY, in addressing the assembly, congratu-

lated them that on that day, in every capital in
Europe, assemblies similar to theirs would meet
together to commemorate the birthday of the Father
of his Country. But, he said, there was hardly a
spot in the world where such a commemoration could
arouse more interesting thoughts than come spon-
taneously to the American, in this heart of ancient
" Italia," amid the monuments of ages long past, of
tribes and of nations almost forgotten. We stand
close to the buried cities of Herculaneum and
Pompeii, whose origin is lost in fable ; around
us are the monuments. of Phonicia, and of
Greece, and on every side the ruins that recall
the sad and wondrous history of Rome, the gran-

deur of its pride, the beauty that clings to it in
decay, and the glorious remains of ancient art that
survive to certify its Imperial splendour. How in
contrast with these Italian scenes and memories
rise the bold features of our Western home with its
less genial climate and more rugged soil ; its uni-
versal freedom, political and religious ; its hardy,
intelligent, energetic population; each man of whom
knows that he is a free citizen, and composing to-
gether a sovereignty such as the world has never
seen till now. (Applause.)

Mr. JAY described, in elequentierms, the feeling
of European peoples with reference to the late
struggle in America. The aristocrats of Europe
announced, when the war began, that our national
career was ended, our nationality dissolved, and
that the short-lived meteor of Republicanism had
vanished as suddenly as 'it arose. As the war ad-
vanced upon a scale without precedent or parallel,
these gentlemen made it still clearer that our Union
was utterly wrecked, and hopelessly insolvent ; and
when at last the war approached its close, and those

who had believed their rash prophecies looked to be-
hold the scattered fragments of a broken empire,
the smoke lifted from the battle-fields of America
and disclosed the Republic of Washington, purified
and invigorated, one and indivisible ; with the old
flag floating in unchallenged majesty from ocean to
ocean, with no stripe erased, and no star missing.
Instead of wreck, and ruin, and desolation, they saw
strength, harmony, and union, and throughout the
extent of our wide empire, 'wherever the war had
raged, they found that nothing was broken but the
manacle of the slave. (Cheers.) Surely Ameri-
cans, with all becoming respect for the teaching of
European universities, and the able statesmanship
of European Cabinets, may venture henceforth to
doubt their infallibility on American questions, and
may be permitted, without too much regard to the
advice or the wishes of the ruling classes on this
side the Atlantic, to cast for themselves their own.
horoscope, and to decide for themselves their own
destiny.
The following letter, addressed by General Gari-
baldi to the 'United States Consul at Naples, was
then read :

Caprera, 13th February, 186 G.
Sir,—l received through the hands of the Deputy Friscia
the letter you have sent me. No other copy of yours
reached Caprera. It is impossible that the cause of Italy
should not be sympathised with by the most powerful and
generous champion of freedom in tho
world, which is th
Government of the United Sts. Please express my feel-
ings to that great nation as wateell as to the Government at
Washington.—l am, sir, with the greatest esteem, yours
most devotedly.— (Signed) G. GARIBALDI.
To the Consul of the United States, Naples.

Sof tChißsieeltEbTwas held at
e'
riolu. s 1 y
S 3aftlteTinidAer
meeting of
C LIJB.--s
Thomas's Hotel, St. Clement Danes,
last, when a highly satisfactory
A nluVrn.
season was submitted to the balance sheet for the past
the ensuing season werech members. The officers for
was disposed of. The flourishing
osen, and other routing business
and the Unanimity which condition of the club,
prevailed at the meeting, leave
little reason to doubt that the coming season will prove a
brilliant one in eve
elevens have vacant daryrteess forpect friendly
'Both the firshteandsd willecod
therefore be glad to hear from any of tcthmeiarolP an
opponents
or other clubs. They have again secured the ground at-
tached to the Half Moon Tavern, Putney (Mr. Guy's).
A WONDERFUL BULLET.--I had just been order-
ing our men not to waste their ammun
co
ition, and to
firo only when they saw the person of a Yankeecompletely
exposed, when close at hand I heard the dull thud of a
bullet striking home, and turning round saw one of our
soldiers, a gallant young fellow whom I knew well, throw
ut
up his arms and fall heavily to the grounnd. Dismounting
the ball
at once, I hastened to his side ;
b finding
had struck him right in the middle of the forehead I re-
garded him as a corpse, and deemed all further assistance
wholly unnecessary. Not many minutes had elapsed,
however, before the apparently dead man began to move,
and when the surgeon, who had already arrived, poured
some brandy down his throat to our infinite amazement
he opened his eyes. A few hours later, miraculous to
relate, when tho bleeding from the wound had ceased, lie
had recovered sufficiently from the severe shock to re-
turn to his post of duty. According to the
surgeon's
statement the ball, striking obliquely, had glanced, pass-
ing between cuticle and skull, all found the head, emcr-
, ging at last from the very place
1•t had first entered.
Blackwood's Magazine.

LONDON, TUESDAY, 31ARCI1 13, 1866.

So far as we can judge from present appearances
it does not seem that the bill which Mr. GLADSTONE
last night introduced to the Home of Commons is
likely to meet with great favour. He is likely to
encounter most serious opposition from his own
side, and his most ardent well-wishers must feel
naturally anxious as to the result of the measure.
Notwithstanding the right hon. gentleman's argu-
ments we cannot admit the necessity that he thinks
ezistF, for piecemeal legislation on this important
question. In the first place, there is no need for so
11',u'Oi delay taking place in the passing of the bill
tur °IIK.II the house as he intimated there would be,
and again it
would not be inappropriate to prolong
the l
session .
n order to settle definitively, for some
years at least, a matter which has so long been the
theme of dispute and discussion. It is a ques-
tionable advantage to
any Ministry to have such a
subject constantly on the •
falms, and by the present
arrangement of the Govern pent
the community
will feel more unsettled than ever, and
wonder what
is coming next. It is to be regretted that the Go-
vernment should not have shown themselves more
firm and decided, more capable of taking an extended
view of the question, and more energetic in pressi„
forward their scheme to a favourable issue. There is
nothing to object to positively in the measure pro-
poßed by Mr. GLADSTONE, but neither can we give
1,3 m credit for much or;ginality, nor for any merit
that cannot be claimed by those -Who have gone be-
fore him on this beaten track. Indeed the more we
have time and opportunity to consider the matter
the more deeply we are impressed with the incon-
&stency and insincerity of the course pursued by
Earl RUSSELL and his clique in their strenuous op-
position to the Reform Bill introduced by the Go-
vernment of Lord DERBY. It must have been a
triumph to the Opposition to have heard Mr. GLAD-
ST ONE propose to the house a lodger franchise, after all
the sneers and proasms that were so liberally layished

The arrival of the Europa from Halifax and I
Boston gives us news from New York to the 27th
ult. The war between the PRESIDENT and the
Republicans continues undiminished, though the
tide of public feeling is strongly in favour of Mr.
JOHNSON'S policy. Despatches from all parts of
the country represent the people as generally en-
dorsing both the veto and the speech at the White
House. The fact is that the Radicals have suc-
ceeded by their intemperance, their violence, and
their manifest injustice, in disgusting moderate
men of all parties, and in convincing those who
are anxious for the return of internal tran-
quillity and the resuscitation of commercial enter-
prise, that so long as these extreme councils
are suffered to prevail there is nothing but anarchy
and confusion to be looked for. The PRE-
SIDENT, who is no incompetent observer, has no
doubt perceived that the feeling of the people was
growing strongly in favour of a more equitable and
constitutional system, and having determined to
make an open resistance to the progress of STEVENS
and his party, he is prepared to abide by the issue.
It is reported that he intends to issue a Proclama-
tion, declaring that peace has been firmly esta-
blished in the South, and that the States will be
left to govern themselves under the constitution
Without military interference. This, of course,
excepts the action of the Freedmen's Bureau,
which
the issue of the Proclamation.wili
is to remain in force for one year after
true, the PRESIDENT ce;tailinityhisg ive reportcle clear
oves
evi-
dence of his determin • ation to disregard the Radical
movements, since, as we have recently seen, the
perpetuation of the Freedmen's Bureau
is one of
their cherished purposes. There is still a rumour
of coming changes in the Cabinet, though the
greater part of Mr. JOHNSON'S colleagues suggest
his reconstruction policy. Massachusetts, as might
be supposed, is virtuously indignant at the attack
made upon its illustrious representative by the
PitggDENT, and redQlution3 have keen in3roduced