The Sun.
London, England, 1859-07-20 00:00:00

THE ZOOK PEACE.

(From the Times.)
The question for this long-suffering and indus-
trious people is, how long these burdens are to be
borne ? The despotic Government which exists in
France threatens to exhaust not only that country
but every other in the neighbourhood by costly and
unnecessary armaments. No sooner is one war at
an end than the expectation of another begins.
No sooner does the cloud break up in the South
than another is seen to be forming in the North-
east. The peace which has just been concluded
has left Europe in the worst possible situation.
The military ascendancy of France on the Conti-
nent is established,
and y those political changes
which might have removed the danger of a future
collision have not been realised. Magenta and
Solferino have proved that Frenchmen can beat
Austrians in the field,',but those great victories
et
have done nothing else. Furthermore, the French
Emperor returns to Paris to some extent a baffled
and irritated man. He has acquired'the conscious-
ness of his power, he knows that he is equal to
any German martinet in the conduct of an army,
and that he has troops which will carry him
through every difficulty. And yet he leaves Italy
still under Austrian influence,
the Pope, perhaps,
unconciliated by the honours thrust upon him, the
other Sovereigns as Austrian as ever ; while at
home the parties hostile to the Empire are as ac-
tive as at any period of last year. He cannot but
feel that future and more complete triumphs are
necessary to crown the edifice of his &nip, and it
is not difficult to conjecture the quarter on which
the storm will break. Prussia must look to her-
self, and it certainly becomes the duty of this coun-
try to watch every movement of so dangerous a
neighbour. Nay, we conceive that a time may
come when the extension of the French navy will
give us a right to ask for explanations regarding
armaments wich are necessarily intended for offen-
sive warfare. International courtesy is by all
means to be observed, but a people is not bound to
sit quiet and see preparations made for its own
destruction. Fortunately, we are likely henceforth
to have no Napoleonist party in this country.
The crotchety Liberals, who have been for the last
10 years consorting with refugees until they had
lost almost all regard for their own country, and
in the name of liberty made themselves the trum-
peters of the most military despotism in Europe,
have received a severe lesson. We may now trust
that the whole nation will approve any attempt to
bring about such a reduction of the armaments of
urope as will give some hope of a future allevia-
tion of our burdens.

A VENERABLE CANARY.—Last week a canary
bird, belonging to a person residing in Kirkgate, died at the
remarkable age of 23. This venerable warbler retained the
use of its faculties till the last, and cheered the inmates
use
its song within an hour of its decease.—Alloa Jour-
nal.

[ADVERTISEMENT.]—HoIIoway's Ointment and Pills.—
Obedience.—Attendants, nurses, and patients frequently
upon themselves to alter the dose of medicines pre-
scribed
a most hazardous case to pursue, and one which
ke
grossest injustice to the medicine. Professor
dtHao Co twhaec lays down explicit instructions for the proper
employment of his restorative remedies, though in
whatever way they are used, benefit must result ;
yet obedience to the printed directions will secure the
greatest advantages• to the sufferer; a specific effect follows
the administration of the exact dose which in variation,
with certainty, will produce. The requirements of each
disease were attentively studied before the " directions for
use" were drawn up ; implicit obedience to them will re•
lease all from responsibility, and fairly test these noble pre-
parations.

A number ofgentlemen connected with the ship-
ping interest assembled at the offices of the Penin-
sular and Oriental Company at Southampton yes-
terday at 2 o'clock to witness the presentation of a
testimonial to Mr. J. S. Castle, late commander of
the Sarah Sands transport ship, for his intrepid
conduct on the occasion of the burning of that ves-
sel. Captain Engledue, the superintendent at
Southampton of the Peninsular and Oriental Com-
pany, briefly addressed the assembly, stating that
an application had been made to the Board of Trade
for some official recognition of Captain Castle's ser-
vices, which was declined on the score of want of
precedent, although the reply paid a high tribute
to the heroism and courage displayed by that offi-
cer. Since then no move had been made on the
part of the Government, and it was thought that
the time had now arrived for a deputation from the
different ports to wait upon the' Government, again
to press the matter upon their attention. Mean-
time, a subscription was commenced among the
mercantile marine service, which had already en-
abled them to have the gratifying task that, day of
presenting Captain Castle with a purse of £l5O
and a handsome gold chronometer. He was happy
to say that money was still coming in, so that that
might be iooked on as only an instalment. He had
great pleasure in handing to Captain Castle, on the
part of the subscribers, the chronometer and purse,
accompanied with the following address :
"ToJ. S. CASTLE, SQ., LATE COMMANDER or THE
STEAM TRANSPORT-SHIP SARAH SANDS.
"Dear Sir,—The accompanying gold watch and, purse
cont4ning £l5O are presented tor your acceptance. Tho
amount has been. raised by the admirers of your conduct on
the occasion of the burning of the Sarah'Sanda steam tran-
sport ship, at sea. The subscribers feel that it was under
Divine Providence, due to your cool and seamanlike' con-
duct, aided by the courage and discipline of the troops on
board, that the ship and the 450 souls in her at the time of
the disaster were saved. It will be satisfactory to you to
know that among the subscribers-there has been only one
feeling expressed namely, admiratiou'of your conduct, and
regret that such a public 'service as ,yours has not yet met
with a suitable reward from the Governmeat of the coun-
try. With hearty and sincere wishes for your future pros-
perity, we are, dear sir, on behalf of the subsoribers, yours
most faithfully."
Captain Castle said he could scarcely find words to
express his gratitude. C-nning from the members of
the merchant service, and the greater poSion of it
from the company which he now had the honour to
serve, this handsome testimonial pOssessed an addi-
tional claim on his gratitude. He could not but feel
that he had been ill-used by the Government, and
that there must be something wrong when they
could not reward men for their services. They were
ready enough to punish. If an unfortunate captain
lost his ship, an inquiry' was held, sometimes pre-
sided over by men who did not understand nautical
matters, and his certificate withheld and often
suspended. The same power that punished ought
to reward. He must not omit to render tribute to
the officers of his ship, and those in command of the
troops. The discipline maintained on the occasion
no doubt saved innumerable lives. He should always
look upon this testimonial with pride, and he
thanked them from the bottom of his heart for the
kindness that day shown him'. Mr. J. 'Jackson,
Secretary of the Mercantile Marine Association of
London, said he attended as the representative of
that body, who coincided most heartily with what
had been said, and was pleased to see so deserved
a testimonial presented by a gentleman who so
thoroughly understood the mercantile marine ques-
tion as Captain Engledue. We are requested to
mention that subscriptions for the testimonial con-
tinue to be received by Captain Engledue, at South-
ampton, and Jones Loyd and Co. of London.

REALTH OF LONDON DURING THE
MEEK.

(Front the Registrar-General's Report.)
Fourteen hundred deaths were registered in
London in the week that ended last Saturday. The
numbers returned successively in the last four
weeks exhibit the rapid increase of mortality under
an increasing and unusually high temperature of
the air ; there were 970, 1,024, 1,226, and 1,400.
The mean temperature in each of the same periods
was 60 deg., 63.5 deg., 67.4 deg., and 71 deg. The
mean tempprnturo of the fir3t two -wcekb of July
exceeded by 7 deg. that of the last two weeks in
June.

In the ten years 1849-58 the average number of
deaths in the weeks corresponding with the last
week was 1,000; but as the deaths of last week oc-
curred in an increased population, they should be
compared with the average raised in proportion to
the increase, namely, with 1,100. The comparison
gives an unfavourable result, for it shows that the
deaths in the present return were higher by 300
than the number which the average rate of mor-
tality for the second week of July would have
produced.
The most striking feature in the returns for last
week is the increase in the mortality from diarrhoea.
Taking again the last four weeks, it appears that
this disease was fatal in 34, 58,132, and 264 cases.
The mortality of last week from this disease was,
therefore, exactly double that of the preceding
week, and more then four times as great as that of
the last week of June. In the corresponding weeks
of 1857-58, the deaths from diarrhoea werelso and
126 ; in 1857 the deaths reached 302, but not till
the end of July. Of the 264 cases now returned,
245 occurred to infants before they were two years
old. It may also be observed that more cases
occurred in the • north and east districts than in
those on the south side of the river, although the
population of either of the former groups is much
less than that of the latter. Twenty occurred in
Marylebone, 28 in Pancras, where diarrhoea
appears to have been more fatal than in districts
less remote from the Thames. Besides the deaths
from diarrhoea, 25 were referred to cholera, or
" choleraic diarrhoea," all among children, except
two. A woman, aged 60 years, died at 16, Wey-
mouth-street, Cavendish-square, on the 13th inst.,
of " cholera (11 days), consecutive fever (10 days.)"
A girl, aged 6 years, died on July 10, at 2, Cir-
cus-road, Gospel Oak-fields, from " exposure to the
sun, effusion ;" a captain of the Royal Artillery
(half-pay), aged 58 years, died on July 15, in Ken-
tish-town, from " sunstroke, inflammation of the
brain (40 hours) ;" a stoker in a steamboat, aged
22 years, died on July 11, at 12, Globe-lane. Wool-
wich, from " apoplexy from exposure to excessive
heat (3 hours) ;" and a widow, aged 68 years, died
on July 14, at 5, Duke-street, Bloomsbury, from
" enterodynia (16 hours), and exhaustion from ex-
treme heat."

Last week the births of 981 boys and 876 girls,
in all 1,767 children, were registered in London.
In the ten corresponding weeks of the years 1849-
58 the average number was 1,834.