The Sun.
London, England, 1859-10-11 00:00:00

No. 20,999.

PUBLICATIONS.

Now ready at all the Libraries, in 3 v 612,,,:
WAIT A,ND HOPE
By JOHN EDMUND itEADE.
"Mr. Reade is not only an attractive but, a thoughtful
writer. This book is exceedingly well wor th reading."—
Press.

Hurst and Blackett, 13, Great liarlbo rough-street,

MR. WILKIE COLLINS'S N7tL'W WORIV.;
? Now ready, at all the•Librariea, in 3-vole.,

~,~ ~C= Z

THE SUN, LONDON, TUESDAY EVENING, OCTOBER 11 1859.

PLYMOUTH, SATURDAY.
The first trial of this new steam frigate took place
on the 12th of September, on the measured mile
outside the breakwater, when an average speed of
13 2-10ths knots was obtained. It was then consi-
dered that her build and engines justified the expec•
t ation that a gr eater rate of speed could be obtained
from her, and some alterations were suggested.
As the cutting off of the corners of the fans of the
Mersey, a sister ship, had been attended with suc-
cessful results, it was determined to adopt the same
course by the Orlando, and two pieces 5 feet 4 inches
long, by 2 feet 7 inches wide, weighing 5 cwt.,
were removed. It was also resolved to trim her
nearer to the depth designed by Sir Baldwin Walker
—viz., 21 feet forward and 23 feet aft. Two of her
iipper deck guns were therefore placed on the main
dec'-. and most of the shot Was removed from the
racks to the provision and bread rooms to compen-
sate for the absence of the sea stores.
In this condition she started for a second trial on
Wednesda•', when she drew 20 feet 10 inches for-
ward, and 22 feet 9 inches aft.
Nothing has been done to her sternpost. The
weather was very fine, and the Orlando, which is
now in charge of Mr. George Marsh, additional
master of the Wellington, was piloted by Mr. Paull,
second master-attendant of Devonport Dockyard.
Capt. Robinson and Commander Risk, who are at
the head of the steam reserve in Plymouth, with
hands from the Wellington, superintended the ex-
periment. Mr. Triekett, chief engineer of Keyham,
watched the working of the machinery on the part
of the Admiralty, and Mr. Wigzell was in charge
of the engines on behalf of Messrs. Penn and Son,
the manufacturers, this being what is termed a
" contractor's trial."
There were scarcely any visitors besides the Earl
of Morley and. Admiral Kino.combe. Capt. Rice,
of the Royal Albert, Capt. Stewart,' of the Impreg-
nable, and Capt. Roderick Dew, of the Encounter,
were on board ; also the engineer of the Royal Al-
bert, Mr. Rumble, who, with several engineer cadets
belonging to that ship, paid frequent visits to the
engine-room.

THE STEAM FRIGATE ORLANDO.

The Adelaide screw transport, Captain Bowen,
steamed into Portsmouth harbour yesterday morn-
ing, and berthed al Ingsido the north jetty of the
dockyard. She will embark the 4th Battalion 60th
Rifles, from Aldershott Camp for Waterford, at
noon this day.
%Y hear that Mr. Napier, of the Clyde, has re-
ceived an order from Government for an iron steam
ram.

THE QUEEN OY HEARTS,
By WILKM COLLINS,

Admiralty orders have been received at Chatham
dockyard giving directions for no repairs to be exe-
cuted on the floating battery Trusty, 14, until the
nature and extent of the injuries she sustained dur-
ing the experiments made on her at Shoeburyness
with the elongated shots from the Armstrong guns
have been ascertained and reported upon.
The Ariadne, 32, screw steam frigate, in the fitting
dock at Chatham, has her topmasts on end, and is
being completed as rapidly as possible in order that
she may be ready to hoist the pennant.
The new screw steam frigate Forte, 51, was put
out of No. 3 dry dock at Sheerness yesterday, and
taken to harbour moorings in the river Medway.
She is now ready f)r being commissioned.
The steam sloop Renard, 4, Commander J. G.
Goodenough, now at Sheerness, is under orders to
leave for Portsmouth to-morrow morning.
The present guardship of ordinary at Sheerness,
the Formidable, 84, sailing ship, is ordered to be con-
verted as the flagship at that port, and the sailing
ship Cumberland, 70, recently ordered as guardship
of steam ordinary, is to be armed with 24 32-pounder
guns, 9 feet long and of 50 cwt., and to be appro-
priated as guardship of ordinary, and to be com-
manded by Capt. Superintendent R B. Watson, C.B.
An order has arrived at Sheerness for Capt. E. B.
Rice, at present Flag Captain to Rear-Admiral of
the Red Sir C. H. Fremantle. K.C.8., of the Royal
Albert, to command the Formidable, at Sheerness,
guardship of ordinary, vice Capt. E. P. Halsted,
whose time has expired.
The screw steam troopship Vulcan, Commander
A. C. Strode, has arrived at Sheerness from the
westerit ports, with supernumeraries and volun-
teers for the ships at that port.
The Challenger, 21 guns, screw steam corvette,
has been taken into the fitting basin at Sheerness
to be.brought forward for being commissioned.
Sir Richard Madox Bromley, K.C.8., Account-
ant-General of the Navy, paid an official visit yes-
terday to Portsmouth dockyard, being his first offi-
cial resumption of business since his late serious
illness, from which, we feel much pleasure in being
able to state, Sir Richard has quite recovered.
Signal was made yesterday at 11 a.m. to the
Mars, 80, screw, Captain J. N. Strange, lying at
Spithead, to prepare immediately for sea.
The Snake, 4, screw gun vessel, arrived at Spit-
head yesterday from the eastward.
The Dee steam storevessel, Master Commander
Pullen, sailed from Portsmouth yesterday for Wool-
wich:
The Mohawk, 4, screw steam sloop, Commander
P. C. C. M'Dougal, was undocked yesterday, from
No. 7 dock in Portsmouth dockyard, where she has
undergone very extensive repairs, and placed in
the steam basin for masting and completing her
outfit for further service.
Admiral W. Bowles, C. 8., the Commander-in-
Chief at Portsmoutk, accompanied by Captain Lord
John Hay, C. 8., of her Majesty's ship Odin, paid
a visit yesterday to the brig 3 acht Alfred, in Ports-
mouth harbour, for the purpose of inspecting Mr.
Cunningham's adaptation of his system of reefing
from the deck to seagoing screw gun vessels. The
Alfred has been specially fitted to demonstrate the
plan. The greater portion of the keel of the Glas-
gow frigate has been laid on the blocks underneath
the shed from which the Bacchante was lately
launchei. A large number of shipwrights, joiners,
millwrights, and other mechanics have been entered
in Portsmouth dockyard during the past week.
The following appointments were made yester-
day at the Admiralty :—John J. Ball, master, to be
Harbour Master at Portland; James S. Hill, master
to the Asia; and Hugh S. Baillie, midshipman, to
the Sphinx.

Author of
"The Dead Secret," "Afte7; Dark," 3,:0.
Hurst and Blacken, 13, Great Marlborough-street.

Just published,

AREPORT on the IVNIGATION of the
INDUS, addressed io the Directors of the Oriental In-
land Steam Company. By JOHN BOURNE, C.E. Recapitu-
lating the incidents attending tI ie successful 'establishment
of the Company's Steam Trains upon the Indus. May be had
on application at the Compau y's Offices, 9, i3illiter-street,
Fenchurch-street, London.

Just published, Bvo, in clotb , price 58., by post free, 51. 6d.,
THE TREATMENT of STRICTURES of tie
URETHRA; showing why they so often appear In-
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simple means.
By F. B. COURTYENAY, M.R.C.S.E.,

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NATIONAL PROVIDENT INSTITUTI ON
48, Gracechurch-street, London.
For MUTUAL ASSURANCE on LIVES, ANNUITIES, dm
Established December, 1835.
DIRECTORS:
SAMUEL HAYHURST LUCAS, Esq., Chairman.
CHARLES LUSHINGTON, Esq., Deputy Chairman.
John Bradbury, Esq. Robt. Ingham, Esq., M.P.
Thomas Castle, Esq. Charles Reed, 11aq.
Richard Fall, Esq. Robert Sheppard, Esq.
John Feltham, Esq. Jonathan Thorp, Esq.
Charles Gilpin, Esq., M.P. Charles Whetham, Esq.
Charles Good, Esq.

As the Orlando passed through the Sound she be-
came an object of great interest to the crews of the
ships belonging to the Ch annel fleet and of the Dutch
and Brazilian ships of war at anchor there. On
nearing the Western Channel when additional
steam wus put on to prepare for the trial, most dis-
agreeable evidence of the continuance of the former
vibrating tendency was given. It is true that the
reduction of the fans had diminished the evil; the
lower masts did not jump so much as formerly, nei-
ther did the :rigging oscillate to the same extent,
but there was yet enough of trembling to make the
extremities, the bow especially, most unpleasant,
and the rigging, for a sailor engaged on it, most I
dangerous. The mean result of the trial gave 12.9
knots ; average revolutions, 52-1 ; mean. pressure,
201 b. ; indicated power, 4,200 horses. On the first.
trial the average rate estimated by the engineer
was 13.2 ; revolutions, 50; pressure, 201 b, ; indicated
power, 4,200 horses.

- It will thus be seen that, instead of advancing,
the condition of the Orlando has actually retro-
graded, a fact which took every one on board by
surprise. How it occurred, after cutting the cor-
ners off the fans and altering the pitch of the screw
from 32 ft. 6 in. to 29 ft. 9 in., seemed most unac-
countable. If these alterations had done nothing it
was reasonably hoped that the altered trim would
have had some beneficial effect on her speed. After
the third run guns and shot were carried forward,
so as to trim her probably three inches less by the
stern, which apparently had a beneficial effect.
In relation to the weather it may be observed
that on the second trial the wind was light from
the north, with occasional:breezes; but there was a
long ground sweel, which did not prevail when she
went out first. The rolling of the ship caused by
the swell was calculated to have the effect of dimi-
nishing the revolutions two per minute.
In the description of the Orlando which appeared
in The Sun of Sept. 13, it was stated that in order
to distribute the weights, the boilers were placed
before the mainmast, and the engines seated aft.
There is a distance between the two of about 40 ft.,
and it is computed that, as the steam passes through
this length of pipe, a loss of 21b. in the pressure is
involved.
The condition of the engines is perfectly satisfac-
tory ; they continue to work smoothly, and there is
no appearance of hot bearings anywhere.
In order to improve the steerage of the f-:,
been
,ate,
an iron yoke with arms nine feet
fittel at the head of the Norman. 4
now lead more direct, and muell- wheel-ropes
:,
1"°: *has
, the deck. The frigate
,
obtained. The original fo-
greater leverage is
it was fitted close -tort yoke remains where
tinned to port /),:r
helm, a tendency attributed by
con-
the qua:der:misters to the operation of the screw,
which left-handed. The alteration of the steer-
o gear has been very successful, and full control
is now obtained over the rudder.
Yesterday a third trial of the Orlando took place
in the presence of Admiral-Superintendent Sir T.
Pasley and Captain H. Caldwell, C. 8., of the screw
steam frigate Mersey, 40. The same staff was on
board. She was run on the measured mile by Mr.
Marsh. The two heavy forecastle guns brought aft
on the previous occasion were replaced on the fore-
castle. Her draught forward was 21 feet '2 inches;
aft, 22 feet 5 inches, which made her what is termed
15 inches by the stern ; the screw was just im-
mersed. The weather was very fine, the sea smooth,
and there was no ground swell. Force of wind, 4.
The alteration of the weights appeared to have de-
creased the remaining vibration, and to have cor-
rected the porting of the helm. The mean speed
obtained was 13.16 knots ; maximum, 13.43; revo-
lutions, 53 to 531 per minute ; pressure of steam,
201 b. ; indicated power exerted by the engines,
4,200 hones. As a result of all the trials of the
Orlando, her speed may now fairly be put at 13 knots.

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PudE 41). STAMPED, SD,

The last is• beautiful work. We loaded as we ran,
and fired at distances of 400 to 200 yat ds ; but we
had to judge our own distances, and we were kept
advancing and retiring as much as possible, so as to
confuse us. Now, your know if at 200 yards distance
we fired at an elevation of 400. yards, our bullets
would go- at least 5 feet above the target.. If, at
400 yards' distance, we tried fire at an eleVation of
200 yards, then the, ',Juliet would strike the ground
at 280 yards. Now for the result oloar ball prac-
tice. You must understand that every shot which
is fired at /Iythe 'is registered. If a man fires badly
or carelessly lie is sure to be found out. All is re-
duced to figures. There cannot be a doubtabout who
shot best and who'shot Worst.' The shooting is esti-
mated by figures, which cannot tell. lies. I will now
give you the figures of merit of each section. No.
2 Section stands first—namely, first period, 22.00;
file firing, 11.66 ; volley firing, 12.00 ; skirmishing,
5.00 ; total, 50-66. No. 4 Section.--,First period,
20.66 ; file firing, 11.55 ; volley firing, 9.66 ; skir-
mishing, 7'BB ; total, 49.64. No. 5 Section.—First
period, 18.00; file firing, 13-28; volley firing, 11.71;
skirmishing, 7.88 ; total, 48:82. No. 6 Section—
First period, 21.14 ; file firing, 10.10 ; volley #ring,
1133 • skirmishing, 5-33; total, 47.96. No. 1 Sec-
tion—First period, 18.14 ; file Bring, 13.00 ; volley
firing, 9.16; skirmishing, 383 ; total,' 44.13. No..
3 Section—First period, 17.00; file firing, 12.66;
volley firing, 8.00; skirmishing, 3.66 ; total, 41.32.
And the, mean average figure of merit of the bat-
talion was as follows, namely :—Single Third Class,
1936 ; file firing, 12.08 ; volley firing 10.13 ; skir-
mishing, 5`50 ; total, 47-07. Which means that out
of 50 rewards each man on an average had made
47.07 points. Some, of course, had not done so well,
and others had done much better. I will now give
you the comparison with officers and soldiers who
had passed through the previous three courses at
_You will- ,no doubt be mertairrtirnt. we
volunteers were a long way behind them ; for
bear in mind they had 16 position drills—we
had only six ; they have a preliminary course
of 20 rounds of ball cartridge—we had not
any, but fired at once in the third class. The
mean averages, are as followi :-1859, January
—officers, 46 08 ; soldiers; 43.97. April—officerS,
46.94 ; soldieri, 44.35. July officers, 45.62 ;
soldiers, 42.62. The mean of this is—officers,
46.25 ; soldiers, 43.65. The General 'was surprised
at this result he said he expected us to beat the
soldiers, because, in shooting, intelligence is what
tells, but he could not understand our beating the
officers. He could only account for it by, the
fact that we had worked so much harder. You see,
gentlemen, we have done you no discredit. On
Monday night we gave the General and his Staff a
splendid dinner, and on Tuesday we left Hythe
with heavy hearts, for we all felt we were leaving
kind friends ; for, from the General and his Staff
we had met with nothing but kindness and atten-
tion. If ever, it is my lot to visit Hythe again, I
should be certain of a warm welcome. Gentlemen,
I think it right to tell you all this, because I feel
I have been at a .great school, and, as a good dis-
ciple, I ought to try and impart the knowledge
.I
have obtained to others. lan proud of your drill
already ; but I will tell you what I shall be much
prouder of—to see you, at your first ball practice,
show a mean average of 47; others have done • it, e
and why should not• you ? While at Hythe
formed a volunteer•association, the object of which
is to hold a meeting in some part of the country
once a year, where rifles will be . shot for. Now,
there is nothing to prevent one of the fine fellows
I see before me winning the first prize, and a high
honour it will be.. All I cau say -is that the man
who wins it must work for it. Palmam qui meruit
ftrat.

IRELAND.

DUBLIN, Monday Morning.
ANOTHER PAPAL MANIFESTO.

The paStoral letter of Dr. Cullen, read yesterday
in all the chapels of Dublin, runs to such an extra-
ordinary length in the paper as to defy any attempt
at even a summary of its contents. It is manifestly
intended to be a great State paper for the instruc-
tion of the faithful. The nain subjects discussed
are the well-thrashed question of education and the
perilous position of the Popedom. Of the first no-
thing new is to be said, but as the Italian difficulty
is just now the topic of the day it may be as well
to hear what the Pope's delegate in Ireland thinks of
the -crisis in the affairs of the Church of Rome.
Leaving the question of education, Dr. Cullen turns
to what he calls another illustration of " hypocrisy
and bigotry acting under the mask of a desire to
put down oppression and support the rights of
inan." He then proceeds as follows r—
" During the past month we must have all ob-
served that the most wicked attempts have been in-
cessantly made to misrepresent and malign the acts
of the supreme Head of the Church on earth; and
especially the temporal administration of his States.
In order to persuade the world that the meekest
and kindest of men, Pius IX., was a tyrant and an
oppressor of his people, statements based upon
falsehood and calumny have been recklessly circu-
lated in the press, and every wicked art employed
to show that he was unfit and unworthy to retain
any temporal authority. At the same time the
Pope's Prime Minister, a man who had displayed
extraordinary abilities in managing public affairs,
in most difficult and critical times—a man of unim-
peachable integrity and most virtuous and edifying
in his life, a patron and encourager of the fine arts
was insulted in the most unworthy manner ;
and calumnies against him widely circulated
on the authority of a French scribbler, whose
ignorance and impudence were only exceeded by
his malignity. That many of our statesmen, both
Whig and Tory, Liberal and Conservative, rivals
for the support of fanatics, took part in this vile
combination appears not only from their published
speeches and declarations, but also from the diplo-
matic despatches of a late Minister, Lord Malmes-
bury, of Lord Loftus, Sir J. Hudson, and other Bri-
tish agents, who, in a manner unworthy of their
high rank, urged France and Austria to rob the
Pope of his dominions, and to perform, in contempt
of public honesty, an act of injustice which they
were ashamed to undertake themselves. While this
spirit prevails in high places, we are not to be sur-
prised that a committee should be projected in Eng-
land, of which the Evangelical Lord Shaftesbury
has provisionally accepted the presidency, for the
purpose of arming a band of rebels in Bologna, con-
sisting in part of outlaws and strangers to that
country, and aiding them in their wicked opposition
to their just and humane sovereign, our Holy Father
Pius IX. And here let us ask, is it not by hypocrisy
of an extraordinary character in men to encourage
treason and sedition, and trample on the laws of the
Gospel, while they assume the name of Evangeli-
cals, and glorify themselves, like the Pharisees, as
models for the imitation of mankind ?
" It would be impossible to notice all the attacks
that are directed by the press against the Pope's
authority, and perhaps it would be almost useless to
answei them ; for they are made by persons blinded
by passion, and inaccessible to reason, who appear
to have nothinein view but to inflict a wound on
the Head of the Church. It is not hatred of oppres-
sion or love of freedom that animates them, but a
virulent hatred of Catholicity, and of that rock on
which it stands, and will stand for ever. But with-
out entering into lengthy discussions, it may not be
useless to notice one or two of the arguments gene-
rally alleged on this question.
" The first and principal ground of complaint
against the Pope appears to be that he is not willing
to extend to his dominions that liberal form of Go-
vernment which, under English influence, and
with the applause of the British press, has been in-
troduced into the Kingdom of Sardinia by its
Ministers, Cavour and Rattazzi. But is there any-
thing in the fruits obtained in that kingdom by the
liberalised form of Government to induce the Pope
to adopt it ? What has been the effect of the re-
forms of those applauded Ministers? Under their
auspices the property of convents and monasteries
has been confiscated, nuns and friars dispersed,
priests and bishops exiled or persecuted, the rights
of the church invaded, heresy and error patronised,
and the fountains of knowledge poisoned by anti-
Catholic and infidel teaching. All this has been
done under the name of progress and liberality;
bat, to show how hypocritical is such a pretence, we
may add that the boasted liberty of the press has
been assailed, every Catholic newspaper suppressed,
and intolerable and most oppressive burdens placed
upon the people, so that under the care of the
friends of progress, and those who are put forward
as models of good statesmen, a country which 12
years ago was happy and' flourishing is now almost
reduced to a state of utter destitution and bank-
ruptcy, and groaning under a fearful despotism.
But, forsooth, their liberal institutions are a suffi-
cient compensation for all their losses and miseries!
It is enough that the Catholic Church is robbed and
oppressed ; this is sufficient consolation for British
Evangelicals in their aspirations for freedom ; they
are perfectly satisfied with the hypocritical liberty
which gives to a violent and anti-Catholic minority