The Sun.
London, England, 1859-09-05 00:00:00

SS
THE SUN, LONDON, MONDAY EVE.NING, SEPTEMBER 5, 1859.

SAWYER'S FAMOUS LONDON DINNER
will be served on THURSDAY, Bth September, from 2 till
8 o'clock, for 2s. 6d., including Grouse and a fine Haunch of
Venison.—F. Sawyer, 191, Fleet-street.

THE LONDON. NOTICE.—The attention
of Gentlemen is particularly drawn to the fine Haunch
of Venison that is dressed daily at THE LONDON, at Five
o'clock.—F. Sawyer, 191, Fleet-street.

• •
THE LONDON.—The attention of Gentlemen
is especially drawn to the advauiag,es offered in these
elegant and spacious Saloons, which fulfil all treuire-
ments of a West-end club of the most aristocratic and
exclu-
sive character.
Won trouve dans la Salle de Lecture non seulement lee
meilleurs journeaux Anglais, male aussi Allemand, Francais,
et Beige.

F. SAWYER, Proprietor,l9l, Fleet-street.

THE LONDON.—S AW Y E R'S famous
LONDON DINNER, consisting of two soups, two
fish, two entrees, joints, two sweets, cheese, and salad, at a
fixed charge of 2s. 6d. (attendance, 3d.), is served from Two
till Eight in the spacious Saloon.
In the Coffee-room, Dinners from the joint, with vegetables,
cheese, and salad, ls. 6d. (attendance 3d.), and soup, fish, en-
trées, &c., a la carte, are served from One till Nine o'clock.
Ladies' Private Rooms and Dining Saloons. Spacious and
well-ventilated Wine, Coffee, and Smoking Saloon.
An extensive and carefully selected stook of Rhenish, Mo-
selle, and other Wines, imported expressly for the London
Dinner. Open on Sundays Proprietor, r t Nine.
F. SAWI.-N 191, Fleet-street.

EVANS'S MAGNIFICENT MUSIC AND
SUPPER ROOMS.
In addition to the usual entertainment Mr. WESTER-
DAIIL, of the King of Sweden's Orchestra, will perform on
twenty various instruments, with singular excellence, in the
course of the evening.
Mr. Westerdahl's engagement terminates in a week.

IVFETROPOLITAN, COUNTIES, AND
GENERAL LIFE ASSURANCE SOCIETY,
27, Regent-street, Waterloo-place, London, S.W.
Life Assurance, Annuities, and Endowments.
Loans on real and personal security.
• F. FERGUSON CAMROUX, Manager.

BUY IN THE CHEAPEST MARKET.-
This was the advice of the late lamented statesman,
Sir Robert Pee'.—The EAST INDIA TEA COMPANY are
still supplying Black, Green, or Mixed Tea, in 61b bags, at
2s. 4d. per lb ; and Coffee in the Berry at 10d.—Warehouses,
9, Great St. Helen's Churchyard, City.

CONTRACT FOR BALL BAGS. etc., FOR THE ROYAL
➢IARINES.

Department of the Comptroller for Victualling,
Somerset-place, 3d September. 1859.
THE COMMISSIONERS for EXECUTING
THE OFFICE of LORD HIGH ADMIRAL of th.
UNITED KINGDOM of GREAT BRITAIN and IRE-
LAND, DO HEREBY GIVE. NOTICE, That on THURS-
DAY, the 15th instant, at Half-past One o'Clock, they will be
ready to treat with such Persons as may be willing to Con-
tract for supplying and delivering into her Majesty's
Victualling Stores 't Deptford all such quantities of BALL
BAGS, fitted with Oil Bottles, complete, as shall from time
to time be demanded, for the use of the Royal Marines, under
a contract for 12 months certain, and afterwards until the ex-
piration of three months' warning.
Patterns of the articles may be seen at the Marine Office,
New-street, Spring-gardens, between the hours of 1 and 4
o'clo k.
Particular attention is called to the recent modifications of
the conditions of the contract, which may be seen at the said
office.
No tender will be received after half-past One o'clock on
the day of' treaty, nor any noticed unless made on the printed
form provided for the purpose, and which may be obtained on
application at the said office.
Every tender must be addressed to the Secretary of the
Admiralty, and bear in the left-hand corner the words
" Tender for ," and must also be delivered at Somerset-
place.

SERIOUS OUTBREAK AND BLOOD-
SIIED IN SYRIA.

(From the Correspondent of Glasgow Courier.)
Beyrout, 18th Aug., 1859.
My news to-day lam sorry to report, is tho-
roughly warlike. On Sabbath last, after morning
service in the chapel at Beit Mary, a quarrel arose
between some Druses and Marronite Christians.
Beit Mary is a village on Lebanon, about two hours
ride from this, and half an hour from Brumanah, the
seat of the Caimakan of the district. It is largely
frequented by Europeans, chiefly French, as sun.-
mer quarters. From less to more the quarrel,
which was at first trifling, assumed a more serious
character, and called forth all the bitterness of
spirit which exists between the two sects. Crowds
gathered in to both sides, and the contest continued
fiercely all day. The Druses were the attackers,
and followed the Christians into their houses,
shooting and destroying all in their way. The re-
sult, according to the trustworthy accounts of the
day's work was 21 Druses and 9 Christians (men)
killed, and 3 women ; though report carries the
numbers as high as 75 killed and 100 wounded.
The Europeans residing in the village for sum-
mer quarters took fright, and during the night
the principal phrt returned here. The horse of
one of them was accidentally shot; and in one
instance, which I find substantiated, some valu-
ables were pillaged from a house after its
tenant had fled. Numerous reports were
circulated of Europeans having suffered severely,
but I am satisfied that these are without
foundation, in fact, with the one exception men-
tioned, namely, the Prussian clergyman who lost
his watch and some money, which were lying on a
table. On Monday great efforts were made by the
Druses to gather assistance, and to some extent they
succeeded. A somewhat powerful Druse, Sheich
Jusef Abdul Malek, of B'tater, with a following of
some hundreds of men, joined the strife, but did not
proceed so far as Beit Mary. In his progress he
burned some Christian villages or groups of houses
in a district called the Kurieh, and committed other
destruction. Beit Mary was deserted by the
Christians and pillaged by the Druses. No great
conflict took place, h:jwever, throughout the day,
both parties engaging chiefly in concentrating
their power. On Tuesday, however, a considerable
assemblage took place on both sides in the Wady
Hamanah, and there severe fighting continued
throughout the day and until midnight. From all
hands there are news of constant accession of num-
bers on both sides, and burning on both sides, and
burning and pillaging are rife. Matters rest at
this moment in a most critical position. The state
of the mountains is like a box of tinder, a slight
spark would set them in one whole blaze of war.
The animosity of the two sects is, and has long
been, most intensely bitter, and if once thoroughly
let loose would lead to the most dreadful excesses.
But there are worse features in the affair, which I
will explain to you in speaking of the Govern-
ment. Naturally you will think, what has the
Government done ? Such a strife two
hours' distance from the seat of Government
ought surely to have been quelled. Well, it is suf-
ficient to remember that it is the Turkish Govern-
ment, and in the matter they have acted in true
Turkish style. On Sabbath, when authentic news
of the strife arrived, the Government sent off a
Prince to hold parley with the combatants. This,
of course, produced nothing, as was intended.
Next, when the affair got hotter, they sent off a
Druse Sheich (who happened to be here at the time,
and whose retainers joined the combatants during
the night), with 30 irregular cavalry. But this
also produced nothing, nor did the valiant 30 en-
danger themselves by risking a combat. There was
abundance of troops here, but it was only yesterday
orders were given that 250 men should be sent to
Beit Mary. These will not leave till to-morrow—
waiting, doubtless, till news comes of the war hav-
ing gone further into the interior; on hearing which
they will advance to the place where the combat
was, but is not. Had the Government sent off on
Sabbath 50 regular soldiers the affair would have
been stopped at once, and indeed never have existed
in its bad features. But this incompetency was only
to have been expected, and were the Government
only reprehensible for this, it would be compara-
tively nothing. The truth is far worse. It is evi-
dent beyond a doubt, and I speak with confidence,
from the knowledge of one circumstance which
makes the fact unquestionable, the Government is,
in secret, aiding the Druses and fomenting the
strife. It has purposely not interfered in the quarrel,
and supplied the Druses with ammunition. What
more do you wish to prove the corruption of our
Government? But I can tell you that this is no-
thing wonderful. It is simply every-day Turkish
policy. Intrigue is Turkish administration, and it
is the high policy of our Government here to foment
and keep up the animosities of the different moun-
tain sects. Military are not intended for the pro-
tection of property and life ; just as Pashas are not
for the administration of justice, but for the per-
sonal aggrandisement of the government, and the
carrying out of its intrigues. To believe all the
truth about our goverment you need to know it ;
and I am aware that without the knowledge you
cannot comprehend it, for even with the benefit of
a practical insight it requires some time to get the
believing faculty sufficiently expanded to equal the
strain upon it. Yesterday our Consul got into
tremors for the British residents in the mountains,
but I am glad to say the latter have themselves no
apprehensions, and the fears of the former exercised
no weight with them. Happily they are all in a
district free from any strife, and even although this
was not the case, they would have no cause to fear.
Their nationality is enough to secure them with the
Druses, and to prevent any attack from the
Christians.
4.15 P.M.—Post is just starting, and I have only
time to add that a pacification has been made be-
tween the contending parties in the mountains, and
it may be supposed that the troubles, at least for
the present, are ended.

MR. .NEIVTOYS DISCOVERIES IN 4 814

MINOI.

Any one -who has' entered during this year the
court of the British Museum must have been sur-
prised to see its noble portico deformed by a long
"lean-to." If he has been allowed to look through
the dirty glass walls of this excrescence he has dis-
covered that it contains a range of Greek sculpture,
some as colossal as the most gigantic of the remains
Nineveh. and some as grand as those of the Par-
thenon. They are the produce of 385 cases, brought
by her Majesty's ships Supply. and Gorgon from
Budrum, Cnidus, Branchidrea, Calymnos, and
Rhodes, containing the sculpture, the architecture,
the pottery, and the miscellaneous antiquities dis-
covered and disinterred by Mr. C. T. Newton in
the three years of his memorable expedition.
Of sculpture and architecture the portions most
noble in style and in execution, and the most his-
torically interesting are those supplied from the
Mausoleum. The colossal statue of Mausolus, which
crowned it, is most happily put together out of 63
fragments, and. but little injured. The portions of
the two horses of the car on which he stood, and
four slabs of the frieze, in high relief, which run
round the external portico, are in very fine condi-
tion. An angle capitol, several steps from the
pyramid which supported the car, and mouldings
from other parts of the ruins, probably afford the
means of restoring the plan of the building, and in-
numerable fragments of figures and friezes show
the nature of its decorations. Inferior only to the
treasures from Budrum are those from Cnidus.
The most remarkable are a lion, 10 feet long and
six feet high, cut from a single block of white
marble, which once crowned the pyramidal roof of
a Doric tomb on the promontory near Cnidus.
The Temenos'of Demeter, Persephone, and Pluto
has given up to us several statues of the two fcirrner—
divinities, several marble pigs dedicated to Perse-
phone, and, many fragments in fine Parian marble
of the best period of Greek sculpture.
A statue of Demeter has reached us, found in its
original niche in a tomb erected by the people of
Cnidus to their eminent citizen LykoAhlos, a name
which owes its preservation to their gratitude.
A lion and a sphynx and 10 seated statues,
taken from the sacred way leading to the Temple
of Apollo at Branchid, are the most interesting
products of the sxcavations near Miietus. They
are all remarkable for their archaic, almost
Egyptian forms, and two of them contain inscrip-
tions in very ancient Greek characters. They may
belong to a date between B.C. 560 and B.C. 520,
and in that case are among our earliest specimens
of Greek sculpture.
The inscriptions which Mr. Newton has preserved
for us form a long and interesting se:ies, exhibit-
ing the chief varieties of Greek palmography,
through a range of time of not less than 800 years,
from B.C. 220, or earlier, to A.D. 300, or later.
The most remarkable of these inscriptions are :-
1. The base from Branchidm, dedicated by the
sons of Anaxirnander, with the name of an artist,
Terpsicles, the maker of the object dedicated.
2. The votive inscription on the lion of Bran-
chidw, in which a tenth is dedicated to the Apollo
of that temple by a number of persons, probably
citizens of Milntus.
3. The votive inscription to Apollo, by Chores,
ruler of Teichiosa, on the chair of his statue in the
sacred way—Branchid^e.
From Cnidus ars a number of inscriptions from
the Temenos of Demeter and Persephone, contain-
ing dedications to these deities, to Pluto Epima-
chos, to Hermes, as conductor of the dead, and to
the Dioscuri. One of these is in hexameter verse.
These inscriptions were placed on the bases of
statues of the deities worshipped in the Temenos.
From the Temple of the Muses are two inscrip-
iions—one containing a dedication of A polio Pythias,
the other to the Muses ; from the Eastern Cemetery
is an inscription in elegiac verse relating to a pa-
lcestra, in which were statues of Pan and Hermes.
Other inscriptions from Cnidus are valuable, as
mentioning the Senate and chief magistrates of the
city, or as giving the names of new artists.
Of sepulchral inscriptions of the Roman period
there are numerous examples ; one of these is an
epitaph of elegiac verse of some length.
Among the inscriptions collected at Budrum is
one which relates to a stoa, built at Halicarnassus
by Ptolemy Philadelphus. Another of the Ptolemies,
the eighth of the dynasty, is mentioned in an in-
scription found near Branchidw, which records the
bringing of an ivory door from Egypt as an offering
to the Temple of Apollo.
From Rhodes is a long inscription containing a
decree by the people of Lindus, and by another city
or tribe previously unknown.
From Calymnos is a long decree relating to the
building of a proscenium, and part of a decree of
proxema. Most of these inscriptions are in very
fine condition.

Of Fictile Vases, the following interesting ex-
amples belong tQ the last cargo of the Supply.
(1,) Rhodes.—A large collection of vases of the
archaic period recently discovered near the pre-
sumed site of the ancient Camirus.

These vases are chiefly of the style known as
Phoenician, in which friezes, monsters, animals,
and floral decorations, painted in crimson and black
on a cream-coloured ground, form the subjects of
the picture.
The collection now brought from Rhodes exhibits
great varieties of form, among- which the most re-
markable are large platters, of a kind which have
not been found elsewhere.
The vigour of the drawing and the brilliancy and
freshness of the colouring in
these vases render
them most valuable specimens of archaic art. They
have, moreover, a peculiar interest from the circum-
stance that they were discovered near the presumed
site of the ancient Camirus and in the same tombs
with other antiquities, some of which were certainly
imported from Egypt, while- others are probably
specimens of Phoenician art, executed in that earlier
period before the Greeks had driven out the traders
of Sidon and Tyre from their stations in the East-
ern Mediterranean.
The antiquities found in these tombs form o, re-
markable illustration of those found at Pallidrara,
near Vulci in Etruria, some years ago.
From the island of Telos are three large vases of
the latest period of Greek fictile art, and very simi-
lar to a class found in Southern Italy.
From Halicarnassus are two vases with red
figures, discovered by Mr. Newton in tombs in the
Eastern Cemetery.
In these tombs were several unedited silver coins
placed in the mouth of the dead to pay the passage
over the Styx.
When the vases here described are combined with
those previously obtained by Mr. Newton in the
islands of Cos, Calymnos, and Rhodes, they will
bras a series of examples of fictile art from the Tur-

kish side of the Archipelago more complete than is
at present to be found in any European museum.
At Cnidus no large vases have been found, but a
great variety of lamps of a black ware, resembling
Wedgewood ware, were obtained from the Temenos
of Demeter. _

Of Terracottas, the most interesting are some
small and beautifully modelled figures and heads
from the site of the Mausoleum, and from the
Temenos of Demeter and Persephone, at Cnidus.

Some of those from the Mausoleum may possili

have served as models for the sculptorsemployer.
on that edifice, but the great majority are certainly
votive offerings.
A collection of small figures, more remarkable for
numbers than execution, was found in the vaults of
a building of the Roman period at Budrum, and
some interesting specimens of groups embossed on
cups and lamps in an excavation at Cnidus.
Among the coarser pottery may be mentioned a
large collection of handles of dzotce, also specimens
of drain pipes, roof tiles, and artificial ornaments
from the site of the Mausoleum and from Cnidus.
Of miscellaneous antiquities the most remarkable
are the following :-
1. The alabaster vase with the name of Xerxes
in hieroglyphic and cuneiform characters, discovered
at the foot of a staircase leading down into the
Mausoleum.
2. Several vases and a small figure of blue porce-
lain, inscribed with hieroglyphics, and several vases
of opaque glass, found with the Phcenician vases,
already described, at Camirus in Rhodes. With these
objects was also found a large cake of blue colour.
3. A group of Eros and Psyche in relief, on the
handle of a large bronze vase, said to have been
found in the island of Telos.
4. Portions of an ancient flute, with a bone
mouthpiece, from a tomb at Budrum.
5. A bronze cup, from a tomb at Budrum, of
very beautiful form, found with the vases with red
figures already described.
6. A very small elephant cut in ivory, which
has been a pendant, found on the top of the eastern
Peribolas wall of the Mausoleum.
Tesselated Pavements.—A number of figures and
patterns in mosaic, from pavements discovered at
Budrum. These are coarse and in bad condition.
Coins.—A collection, comprising several unedited
or rare coins, mostly copper, from Caria and the
adjacent islands.
The expedition being now concluded, the whole
of the plans, drawings, and photographs made dur-

ing the. excavations have been deposited in the
British Museum.

These consist of the following :-
1. Plans of the Mausolem' of other sites exca-
vated at Budrum, Cnidus, and Branchithe, and of
several ancient sites in Caria visited in the course
of the expedition.
All these plans have been executed by Lieut.
Smith, R.E.

2. Drawings of the architecture of the Mauso-
leum, the castle at Budrum, the lion tomb at
Cnidus, also various architectural remains and pic-
turesque views taken at Budrum, Cnidus, and Cos,
by Mr. R. P. Pullner, architect.
3. Upwards of 300 photographic negatives, con-
taining views of sculpture, excavations, and scenery
at Budrum, Cnidus, and Branchidm, by Corporal
Spachman, R.E.

4. Facsimiles of the armorial bearings and in-
scriptions placed on the walls of the castle at Bud-
rum, by the Knights of St. John. These facsimiles
have been executed by Corporal Spachman, R.E.
The plans, drawings, and photographs form a
series of documents for the History of the Expedi-
tion, and it is to be hoped that they may be pub-
lished without delay, and that this work may be
executed in a manner worthy of the liberal inten-
tions of the Government by whose authority so
comprehensive a scheme of illustration was planned
and carried out.