The Sun.
London, England, 1835-12-08 00:00:00

MUNICIPAL CORPORATIONS.

A Supplement to the London Gazette of the 4th inst.
contains Orders in Council for the division into wards of the
following fifteen cities and boroughs, under the operation of
the " Act to provide for the Regulation of Municipal Cor-
porations in England and Wales?' This supplement con,
tains the first batch of the new corporation Wards, arranged
in an alphabetical series, and we presume it will be followed
by more supplements containing the rest of them. There
are eighty in all.
Those now given are the following :
wAims. COUNCILLORS.

Barnstaple
Bath 7 42
Bedford 2 18
Berwick-upon-Tweed ......
Beverley
Boston
Bridgwater
_ _

Brirport
Cambridge
Canterbury
Carlisle
Carmarthen
Chester
Colchester
Coventry

_ 2 18
~ 5 PO
~ 3 18
~ 5 30
2 • 18
5 30
~3 18
6 36

QUESTION OF INTERNATIONAL

LAW.

(From the Journal de Frankfort.)
A serious difference has just broke out between the
Duke of Modena and the English Government. England
complains of certain insults directed against her by some
journals or periodical writings which are published at
Modena, and demands the discontinuance of such attacks
in future.

The Duke of Modena, it is said, refuses to comply with
this demand, and gives as a reason for his refusal, that the
English journals permit themselves quite as much licence,
when speaking of his person or his government, as the
journals of Modena employ with regard to England and
her Ministers. To this the English Government has made
answer, that the British Constitution does not confine the
press within any limits of reserve or moderation in all that
concerns any foreign prince or country, but that the jour-
nals of Modena being, on the contrary, subjected to the
most rigorous censorship, cannot publish any article without
the sanction, at least tacit, of their Government. In con-
sequence, if the Cabinet of London does not receive the
satisfaction it demands, all diplomatic relations shall cease
between the two countries.

This discussion raises aquestion of the most serious import.
On the one hand, is it conformable to the law of na-
tions that the Sovereigns of one half of Europe are to be
continually loaded with insults, calumnies, and outrage,
without having the right to demand and obtain some species
of reparation, while the Sovereigns of the other -half of
Europe may take to task whoever is found wanting in re-
spect towards them, in States where the liberty of the Press
does not exist ? Can universal justice be satisfied with this
position, in which the one must bear all without complain-
ing, and the other remain inviolable ?
On the other hand, doe's any State owe to another a re-
paration which violates its Constitution ? and are the Kings
of France and England obliged to offer to foreign Sove-
reigns any other reparation than that which the law allows
them when they have been outraged in their own persons,
that is to say, the faculty of prosecuting the delinquent
before the tribunals which are competent to judge him ?
The Monarchical Governments say to the Constitutional
States, " Our writers do not insult your Princes, because
our censorship protects their persons against outrage." The
Constitutional States answer, " Having no censorship, we
cannot, like you, prevent any insults from being directed
against your Sovereigns ; but this insult is punishable by
our laws, and our tribunals are open to whoever chooses to
have recourse to them."

Such is the state of the question laid down with all the
impartiality of which we are capable.
Conscientiously, then, we must say that the advantages
between the Governments are not equal, as they ought to
be, according to the rigorous principles of the rights of
mankind. And yet in this there is no blame to be at-
tached to either party, each founding itself 'by right upon
a positive system of legislation peculiar to its own country,
which system is not usual to change at the bidding of a fo-
reign poWer.
What means are there of putting an end to this position,
which is unequal, and, consequently, transitory (an ine-
quality in the law of nations cannot be a definite state) ?
There are two means possible ; the first will be recom-
mended by fools, and the second by wise men. It is not our
fault, but the fault of the age, if we believe that opinions
will be equally divided.
The one party will say (and they are not the wise)—
" You must establish in all absolute monarchies a law per-
mitting the press to speak freely of the persons of those
Sovereigns, in whose States the same freedom already exists.
The censorship being suppressed upon this single point,
those who are
.aggrieved will have the right of opposing le-
gislation to legislation ; and public outrage, already intro-
duced into the one-half of Europe, will enter de plein droit
into the code of the whole of Europe, and the chances will
at least be equalised."
The wise would say, " Instead of completing a vicious
system of legislature, by extending it from one-half of Eu-
rope over the whole, would it not be better to suppress the
vicious half already in existence ? The liberty of the press,
which criticises in France the acts of the Government, does
it not still exist, although writers are forbidden to occupy
thernselves with the person of the King ? Why should a
few lines added to a law upon the press not serve to protect
monarchs from insults in foreign States, as well as at home,
leaving, however, to the caprices of the press, since it must
have its prey to devour; the_free examination of all political
systems ?"
EuCope can do much in remaining united ; and a Govern-
ment assured of a majority in the Chambers could, without
ceasing to be purely constitutional, give to the cause of
order those legitimate guarantees which would not turn to
the detriment of its own liberties.
This is our hope for the future, when time shall have
cooled men's brains. Till then, we -confine ourselves to
wishing, not that insult may be permitted where it does not
exist, but that it may be suppressed where it does exist ;
for in politics insult proves nothing.

On the night of Saturday, the 31st ult., a cow, be-
longing to Mr. Daniel Dew, of Llanvetherine, near
Abergavenny, gave birth to three fine calves, two of which
died in a short time after ; the third is alive and doing well.
THE DUBLIN SOCIETY.--A. meeting has been
held, and the subject of Dr.' Murray's rejection discussed.
It is beyond all doubt clear that the Charter has been vio-
lated—that the society in its correspondence with Lord
F. L. Egerton, as well as previouSly with Lord Glenelg,
has lied—and that by their own showing it has justly for-
feited its Charter. The Orangemen of the Society are in
a state of great anxiety as well as mortification. The first
intention of the Duke of Leinster, on reading of the insult of-
fered to the people of Ireland, in the person of the Venerable
Archbishop Murray, was to withdraw his name from the
Dublin Society, and nothing but a hope to aid in its reform
changed his Grace's determination. There is no doubt—
not the remotest—that the whole system of this Society
will be revised and re-constructed. It is time, indeed, that
such of our institutions as the Government can lay their
hands on, should be relieved from the controulof the Grand
Lodge. Dublin Evening Post.
SQU ALLs.—We have had a series of heavy squalls
from S. S. E.,—S. to S. W., and W. during the past
week. On Sunday, during a severe gale from S. and S.W.,
a Maltese came running in, with bulwarks gone, and decks
completely swept. Tuesday night, it blew very hard in
gusts, with heavy thunder and lightning-, indicative of
storms. _ On Wednesday, the Tiber, Candler, master, from
London to Alexandria, laden with guns and shot, arrived
with bulwarks gone, much strained, and loss of longboat,
the sea striking- with such force as to cut it asunder, sweep-
ing the wreck away, upsetting also and carrying away the
cook-house. Many vessels were seen, some in great dis-
tress. On Thursday, there was a shift of wind to the
northward, and the weather became finer, but yesterday the
squalls again returned.---Plymouth Chronicle of Saturday.