The Sun.
London, England, 1866-06-12 00:00:00

P E

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THE PRUSSIAN ARMY.

(From the Times' Military Correspondent.)

JUNE 8.

The whole of the troops with which, in the event
of hostilities, Prussia intends to take the field are
now spread in cantonments along the Saxon and
Bohemian frontiers. These, together a ith the
detachment in Schleswig, constitute the entire

force with which this kingdom can, without
extraordinary exertions, open a campaign. From
Erfurt on the right to Kolsor on, the left, Prus-
sian advanced posts are pushed close up to the

'rontier line, and in rear of the curtain which

these afford the supports are congregated at those
spots where convenient quarters or military
reasons render their presence most desirable.
Whether active war will actually break out,
or, if it does, where the first blow will be
struck, are questions which no one can pretend
to answer, and which time alone can decide. The
utmost secrecy is justly preserved by the Prussian
military authorities as to their opinion of either
the course or conduct of the pdssible campaign,
and so carefully has their counsel been kept that not
a single hint of their plans has come out. Rumours
have, of course, been afloat which have pointed
out alternately every road leading southwards as
that by which an offensive movement will be made
into Austrian territory. None of these, however,
bears the slightest semblance of truth. All that can
be confidently stated is that those who have charge
of the militarymovements are too discreet to breathe
the faintest whisper of their intentions to the out-
.side world.

Some facts, however, are well known and beyond
doubt. The whole army, divided into two wings,
will in the event of war be commanded by the King
in person. The right wing, or, as from its present
position it might be termed, the Army of Saxony,
is under the command of the Archduke Frederic
Carl, to whom General Moltke is attached as chief
of the Staff. The left wing, or Army of Silesia, has
the Crown Prince as its Commander, with General
Blumenthals in a similar capacity. Each of
these two great divisions consists of a certain
number of corps d'armee, and it may be pre-
sumed, from the geographical position'of the pro-
vinces whence the various corps receive their re-
cruits, that the first, fifth, and sixth corps d'armee
are with the Crown Prince, and the second, third,
fourth, seventh, and eighth with the Archduke.
The Crown Prince, with his right resting on the
fortress of Torgau, on the Elbe, and his left on that
of Kosel, covers the passes from Bohemia and Mo-
ravia into Silesia, and is supported by the fortresses
of Glatz and Neisze. The Archduke, resting his
right on the fortress of Erfurt, joins his left to the
Crown Prince's right on the Elbe. In rear of this
point of junction the Guard, which of itself forms
a corps d'armee, is held in reserve. Such is a gene-
ral sketch of what may be presumed to be. the
present distribution of the Prussian forces along
the southern frontier ; to enter into more minute
details at the present moment would be injudicious,
and perhaps prejudicial to their cause. Every
one who has read the history of a war must
have experienced the difficulty of realising from
the accounts of most historians ally definite
idea of the actual number of combatants engaged
in particular battles or sent on particular duties.
writers
rilndeed,ters
that it
at is
co a
corps
commonbrigcandaerst against militarye often mentioned
as if every reader were intuitively conversant with
the number of soldiers who compose them, not only
sand
at the outset of a campaign, but even after disease
and battles have thinned the ranks and sent many
of the early combatants into hospital or the enemy's
war prisons. At the present moment, when, as we
have seen above, the Prussians are ranged along a
frontier on the further side of which are drawn up
troops whom the incidents of a few hours may
make their enemies—when the personal quarrel
of two advanced sentries or the transgression of
an imaginary boundary line by an unwitting
patrol might cause a collision between the two
great German Powers, and necessitate the descrip-
tion of another European war----it may be inte-
resting to glance over the organisation of the
Prussian army, and, from a general examination
of the system on which it is based, to deduce
rules which will be of service for computing broadly
the numbers of troops engaged on different occa-
sions, in case of such a lamentable necessity.
The Prussian army which takes the field in time
of war consists of eight corps d'armee of troops of
the Line, and of the corps d'armee of the Guard.
Each corps d'arnzee is organised with the intention
of being a perfectly complete little army of itself,
so that without inconvenience it can be detached
from the main army atany time. Each corps d'armee
of the Line in time of war consists of two divisions
of infantry, one division of cavalry, areserve of artil-
lery, and a military train. Each division of infantry
is composed Of two brigades, each of which has