The Sun.
London, England, 1832-11-03 00:00:00

DEPARTURES.

The Dowager Marchioness of Salisbury, from Arlington.
street, to Hatfield ; George Byng, Esq., M.P., and Mrs. Byng,
from St. James's-square, to Brighton; Lord Dorchester and
the Rev. Mr. King, from the Burlington Hotel, for Hants ;
Mr. and Mrs. Mussenden, and Miss Lowe, from ditto, for Ire-
land ; R. M. Boulton, Esq., and family, from ditto, for Eastone,
Warwickshire; E. Rogers, Esq., from ditto, for Liverpool ; his
Excellency Baron Fagel, from Batt's Hotel, Dover-street, for
Windsor; Hon. Captain William Osborne, from ditto, for
Sussex; P. Hammond, Esq., and William Nicholson, Esq.,
from ditto, for Canterbury; Captain Ainslie, from ditto, for
ditto; Colonel Wyndham, from ditto, for Petworth, Sussex ;
J. P. Browne, Esq., from ditto, for Brighton; the Earl and
Countess of Kenmare, from Crawley's Hotel, Albemarle-street;
for Brighton ; General Sir Robert Bolton, Bart., Major Bowers,
and the Misses Bowers, from the St. James's Hotel, Jermyn-
street, for Swaffham Park, South Wales; Charles Pristly, Esq.,
from the Pulteney Hotel, Albemarle street, to Cheltenham ;
the Rev. Dr. Butterfield, from ditto, for Windsor; William
Hawkins, Esq., from ditto, for Brighton; Mr. and Mrs. Ogilvie,
from Raggett's Hotel, Dover-street, for Dublin ; Capt. Perry,
from ditto, for Bath ; Captain Colthurst, from Fladong's, Ox-
turd-street ; Captain Morrison, from ditto, for Brighton ; Capt.
Rose, Mrs. and Miss Rose, from ditto, for Essex; Rev. Mr.
Harrison, from ditto, for Wales ; Captain Brown, from ditto,
for Buckingham.

The LORD CHANCELLOR is suffering under
a severe attack of quinsey, but he hopes to be able to re-
ceive the LORD IllAroa Elect and the RECORDER this
day, according to annual cus.om. The other Civic Au-
thoi itiei will not go, as usual, on account of the CHAN-
CELLOR'S indisposition.

LORD TENTERDEN.--A report was circu-
lated in Westminster Hall, yesterday, that Lord TENTER.
DEN had died in the course of the morning. On inquiry,
last night, we learned that the report was untrue ; that
is Lordship is still living, but seriously iil ; and that hut
Flint hopes are entertained of his recovery. The report
of his physicians, Sir HENRY HALFORD and Dr. Hoe.-
LAND, together with that of Mr. BRODIE, his Lordship's
attending surgeon, at half-past two o'clock yesterday, was,
,hat his Lordship continued seriously ill. During Thurs-
lay night his Lordship was restless; and suffered very
acu•ely.

Mr. CONST, though he has retired from the
~hairrnanship of the County Sessions, retains that of the
city of Westminster.
Accounts from La Vendee state that the
Duchess of BERRY, though in no small danger of falling
into the hands of the police, declares her determination
not to quit France while the unsettled state of the Belgic
question affords the chance or ho[,e of a general tear.
HAMILTON PALACE.—The workmen at
Hamilton Palace are for a time dismissed, and operations
suspended, in consequence of the marriage of Lord LIN-
COLN to Lady SUSAN, only daughter of the Duke of HA-
3uLToN, which takes place in a few days, and the happy
couple are to pay a visit to the Palace. Lady SUSAN is
in her ISth year, and is a beautiful interesting young
Lady.— Glasgow Courier.

SIR DAVID BAIRD.-WC are requested to
',tate that the Life of Sir David UM, G.C.B , including
his Correspondence with the Duke of Wellington, the
Marquis Wellesley, Lords Melville and Castlereagh, Sir
John Moore, and other distinguished characters, in two
volumes, Eivo., with fine portrait, engraved by FINDEN,
After an original painting by Sir FL RAEBURN, will be
published on Tuesday nexP, by Mr. BENTLEY, New Bur-
ling►on-street, and may be had of all booksellers in the
United Kingdom. Orders should be given immediately
t insure early copies. Agents for Scotland—Mes,rs.
BELL and BRADFUTE, Edinburgh; and for Ireland—Mr.
JOHN CUMMING, Dublin.

WINDSOR CASTLE AND THE ORDER OF
THE GARTER.-Nothing conferred so much interest and
celebrity upon Windsor Castle as the institution of the
noble Order of the Garter by. EDWARD the Third, of
which, accordingly, it behoves us to speak, not only be
cause \Vindssr Castle was made the seat of that Order,
but that St. George's College and Chapel were raised
for the express purpose of celebrating their august cere-
monies, and of performing their religious ordinances. It
has, indeed, been said that King ARTHUR kept his Court
at WiLelsor, and there instituted his round table ; and the
intention of King tow,tan the Third was to restore that
institution. Certain it is, that the setting apart of a
certain number of persons of valour and renown is of very
ancient origin. Witness DAVID'S thirty mighty men,
mentioned in the Second of Samuel. The twelve Peers
of France, ordained by CHARLEMAGNE, were chosen for
similar purpose. In like manner the Templars and
Hospitallers were first instituted by the eastern Christians
for the preservation of Jerusalem against the infidels;
and again, the Knights of Alcantara and Calatrava, by
the Kings of Spain, for their protection against the.
Moors. There bas been much discu.sion as to the origin
of the name of this Order, bestowed upon it by its
founder. Some deduce it from a custom of the Phoenicians
who encircled their bodies with a blue fillet, as an amulet
against shipwreck. RICHARD CCEUR DE LION is said to
have bound a leathern strap round the legs of his bravest
warriors, as a badge of merit, at the seige of Acre ; and
EDWARD the Third gave as a watchward the word
" Garter," at the battle of Cressy. But the story that
will ever be most popular, although, as it would appear,
the least entitled to belief, is the well-known anecdote of
the Countess of SALISBURY having dropped her garter
while dancing,—the gallant KING's reproof to his smiling
courtiers,—" Honi suit qui mal y pease,"—and his
subs' quest adoption of the garter as a symbol of union to
the order. There is just enough credibility in this story,
if not to render it worthy of belief, to make it secure of
adoption, since a devotion to the fair is implied and bound
up with the pursuit of chivalry.—court Magazine.
PRINCE OF THE CAMAROONS.--The Afri-
can black Prince, who arrived in town a few days ago, paid
us a visit on Thursday evening. He seems an intelligent
youth, speaks English, though imperfectly, and is much
delighted with the grandeur and magnificence of the me-
tropolis. He was much surprised on his being introduced
to the compositors' room, and was quite astonished on his
name and title being quickly printed, and anxiously
requested the marvellous work, to show to the King
his father. He went, he said, to St. James's Palace,
whets be saw his Royal Brother, and is to return
home to his own country, in a big ship, in the course
of a week. He took his leave with becoming grace and
dignity, and being furnished with an admission to Covent-
garden Theatre, was exceedingly astonished and delighted
with the performances. The above interesting stranger
was brought to this country by his Majesty's ship Con-
way, which arrived a few days ago at Portsmouth, and
was found on board a slave-ship bound to Cuba, and cap-
tured
the b y his Majesty's ship Speedwell. He is a Prince
of Camaroons, a nation of negroes occupying the
coast immediately opposite to Fernando Po, and.carrying
on an extensive trade in teeth, gold dust, slaves, &c.

LITERATURE.

FOREIGN QUARTERLY REVIEW,
No. XX. LONDON, 1832.

It is with no small pleasure that we take up
this periodical. Its existence is a continuing
evidence of high civilization—of great and grow-
ing knowledge—of the gradual decline of the bi-
goted feeling which acknowledges nothing foreign
to possess excellence—a feeling which, while it
endures, offers an insurmountable bar to all im-
provement. The Chinese have this feeling in
high perfection, and the result is such as might
be expected ; they are standing still whilst all the
rest of the world is advancing. We do not say
that all sentiments of nationality are to be depre-
cated ; far from it, but there is as great a diffe-
' rence between enlightened nationality and con.
tempt of every thing foreign, as there is be-
tween the enlightened selfishness which sees that
" 'True self-love and social are the same," and
the selfishness which leads a man to pick his
neighbour's pocket, whether by the admirable
art which enables the light-fingered gentry of the
Strand to appropriate the goods of others with-
out giving any thing in return, or the more
clumsy form of a law by which the. artists make
others pay twice their value for the goods they
compel them to purchase. That good must be
produced by a work like the present, making
known to many mere English readers, books
and facts of which their ignorance of
foreign languages must otherwise have kept
them from the knowledge of, is too clear to need
argument at this time of day. Such a work
must also prove of great utility even to English
literati conversant with foreign languages, for it
is not every individual who has such a facility
of foreign correspondents as will enable him to
direct his attention, with the least loss of time
and trouble, to what may be most worthy of it.
There are one or two articles in the present
number of the Foreign Quarterly which
forcibly illustrate the utility of the work,
looked at in this point of view, such as the
reviews of Professor 'Fakers work, " Der
Germanische Ursprung der Lateinischen Sprache
and des I? iimischen Volkes," and Augustus
Lewald's novel of " Przebracki, the Rus-
sian Police-Spy." The object of Jiikcl is to
prove that the Latin language is derived
from the German, a conclusion, the satisfactory
establishment of which would, no doubt, be made
great matter of pride by our German friends.
That there does exist a great and singular re-
semblance between the roots of the two languages
cannot be denied ; but we quite agree with the
reviewer that the fairer conclusion to arrive at is,
that they are cognate tongues derived from one
common source ; but that that which was formed
first is matter of uncertainty. Both the hook
and review cannot fail to prove of the highest
interest to philologists.

The article which stands first in the Review
is, to our mind, much less interesting than that
to which we have just referred, probably on ac-
count of its containing less of novel matter. It is
a notice of M. le Chateaubriand's works, acorn-
plete edition of which was brought to a close
last year. The greater part of Chateaubriand's
lighter works are tolerably well-known in this
country, and as his style is pretty much the
same, whatever be his subject, none, we imagine
will quarrel with the conclusion at which the
reviewer arrives after a description of all his works.
He says—

" The expulsion of the elder branch of the Bourbons
has placed M. de Chateaubriani's chivalrous spirit of
loyalty in that honourable light which the generous ad-
vocacy of the unfortunate reflects even on misjudging
champions. He has done for them all he can, consider-
ing how little chivalrous is the nature of tho,e weapons
with which he constrained to defend their cans.. He
has written lately an able pamphlet, in which he com-
ments powerfully on what he designa•es as the unjust ex-
clusion of the young unoffewling Duc de Bordeaux, and
the ill compacted systom of republican monarchy now
e,tahlished in France.

" M. de Chateiubriand's active career is, we trust, still
far from its close. We trust he is still destined to adorn
the literature of his country with works more solidly ad-
vantageous, more pi.rmanently redounding to his own
fame, than any he his yet produced. We are justified in
this expectation by observing, that without any concomi-
tant decrease of imaginative power, judgment and good
taste have progressively exercised a more decided influence
from the earliest period of his authorship. his is a mind
of which the reasoning faculties have been overshadowed
and hidden by the vast luxuriance of his fancy ; and in
proportion as the latter has been pruned and repressed,
the former have been more effectually developed. We
should hail with pleasure, whit, we trust, is possible, ano-
ther edition of his , Cftivres Complkes,' enriched with
the added fruits of his matured experience, and unencum-
bered with those gaudy weeds, which, with an unfortunate
excess of parental indulgence, he has forborne to pluck out
from the one now before us."

We have only space to add a few words upon
an article on steam-carriages. The writer of it
takes upon himself to condemn all the attempts
which have hitherto been made to propel steam-
carriages as having some radical defect, which
rendered it utterly impossible that they could
succeed. He even attacks the carriages em-
ployed on the Liverpool rail-road as nothing
better than splendid wasters of the capital of the
Company. We are not sufficient of practical
engineers to be a judge of the degree of atten-
tion due to the Reviewer, but we are certainly
inclined to trust in the plain fact, that the Li-
verpool Company have persevered in the use of
steam•carriages from the commencement of their
enterprise, and have divided large profits, rather
than in the confident assertions of any man I
whatever. We cannot believe that the share-
holders would have allowed steam-carriages to
be so long used if horse-power would have been
more profitable. That a mode of conveyance
yet in its infancy will admit of vast improve-
ments, is in the nature of things; but much has
already been done, and deeply is the nation in-
debted to the able and ingenious men who have
devoted time and fortune to the subject. The
reviewer must, in spite of his strictures, enter-'
tain the same feeling, or ought to do, towards
individuals instrumental in bringing about the
results he thus enumerates. He concludes his
article :

" Nevertheless, we do look forward to the change as
the instrument of great good. If, while it provides us
with an accelerated mode of conveyance, economising va-
luable time, and concentrating the energies of the country,
aitveanti;—if, isoe:Poefnsweulltioamndoredist industryan t parts of the empire the
while it diminishes
the amount of cruelty to brutes, it also prevents that moral
degradation which invariably accompanies its infliction ;
if we shall succeed in displacing horses by the very ma-

'liner), that formerly displaced men, and thus remedy by
machinery a few of the evils of which it has been the
cause by diminishing the consumption of corn, we
take one penny from the price of the poor man's loaf or
one pang from the ills of his lot, we shall attain a high
and noble end,—an end worthy of ' a Newton's genius
and a nation's boast.'"

EDINB UR GH REVIEW, No. CXI.
EDINBURGH, 1882.

As a whole, we cannot take upon ourselves
the responsibility of speaking in praise of this
number. One or two particular articles are
good, but the effect of the whole is heavy ; they
form a bad aggregate, or at least an unseasona-
ble one. " Brewster's Life of Sir Isaac New-
ton" is, so far as style and substance are concerned,
a well-written article ; but the subject is terribly
hackneyed. What can be now said of Sir Isaac
Newton that has not been said already ? Who
is not familiar with the leading events of
the great philosopher's life ? The present
notice contains not an atom of novelty. It
merely ploughs the same field of research that
has been ploughed a hundred times before.
" Recent German Lyrical Poetry" is another
of thOse essays whose very title begets a yawn.
On perusing it, we find the Reviewer confess.
ing that modern German poetry is comparatively
valueless. We wish he had announced this dis-
covery in the opening sentence of his criticism ;
it would have spared us the pains of continuing
It. One specimen, however, he gives of Ger-
man fancy and sentiment, which is very beautiful.
The thought is not new, but it is gracefully and
feelingly worked out :

"THE PASSAGE.
" Many a year is in its grave,
Since I crossed this restless wave;
And the evening, fair as ever,
Shines on ruin, rock, and river.
" Then in this same boat beside
Sat two comrades old and tried,
One with all a father's truth,
One with all the fire of youth.

" One on earth in silence wrought,
And his grave in silence sought;
But the younger brighter form
Passed in battle and in storm.

" So, whene'er I turn my eye
Back upon the days gone by,
Saddening thoughts of friends come o'er me,—
Friends that closed their course before me.

" But what binds us, friend to friend,
But that soul with soul can blend ?
Soul-like were those hours of yore,
Let us walk in soul once more

" Take, 0 boatman ! thrice thy fee,
Take, I give it willingly;
For invisible to thee,
Spirits twain have crossed with me."

The closing stanza of this little gem, gives a
fine finish and consistency to what might other-
wise appear vague and inconclusive in the poem.
" Dr. Chalmers, on Political Economy" is a trite,
dull subject, treated, however, with all the spirit
of which such a subject is susceptible. The
writer dissents from the Doctor in most of his
propositions, as was to be expected, for we never
yet knew two Political Economists agree upon
any one point of the science. " Colonel Todd
on the History of the Rajpoots"—a numerous
and, comparatively speaking, unknown tribe, in-
habiting the central states of India—contains
some curious particulars respecting Omeda Rajah
of Boondi, a hero who, in his attainment, and
subsequent voluntary resignation of vast power,
reminds us of Sylla, Diocletian, and Charles the
Fifth. The Rajah, like the Roman Emperor,
beguiled his retirementby planting cabbages, and
less gloomy and ascetic than the German bigot,
turned philanthropist on a grand scale, and has
left a brilliant character, like a long trail of glory,
behind him. The article will be found enter-
taining to those who are fond of studying the
varieties of human character. " Inland Trans-
port"
is the ablest, most practical, and most op-
portune essay in the whole number. In fact, it
is its one redeeming feature. We give an ex-
tract, descriptive of the difficulties and obstruc-
tions, thrown in his way by interested parties,
that Mr. Gurney had to struggle against during
his recent attempt to run a steam-carriage be-
tween Gloucester and Cheltenham. When this
great improvement really proved to be practicable,
the whole tribe of coach proprietors, from the
head to the tail of the concern, from the in-
fluential proprietor himself down to the lowest
stable-boy on the road, were instantly up in
arms. Every petty, vexatious mode of annoy -
ance was had recourse to. Immense masses of
stone and other rubbish were laid down on the
highway ; the lie, the sneer, and the calumny
were propagated with the speed of thought ; and
when even these, usually effective, weapons fell
harmless as
ohmant
machinery
coss isetuieernmsyb,pearlsno/iue:cinthpbeaoi/ttusieuiiir;izeolg.rPtin
oor
witness
Really
is)
carriages
et,
o'
s'
sl tolls as
numbers of Turnpike Bills were hastily passed
n
n
throughe amountedf beb
reflection
t oit
coldness—the contumely—the withering, heart-
breaking disappointments against which intellect
(no matter of what sort), has to contend. One
would almost suppose that men of genius and
Science were monsters of iniquity, whom the
whole community were equally interested in
putting down. Folly never pays half such a
heavy tax as wisdom—never encounters half
such inveterate hostility. Hers is no contra-
band trade. She appeals to the duly qualified
Pr
itslhuaelriedrstehceoorgferf,
therefore
ztrheedeofmarjcommon-placesrespectful
o
of
society,j
etctfultreat-
ment
What
would become of the Court—the drawing-room,
—the saloon of the wealthy or the boudoir of the
Blue, were folly at once to sink, and wisdom
ld
a prejudices,
asn'd
thet ios
to rise, each to her fitting level ? The follow-
ing is the extract to which we have just alluded :
When it is considered that several years have now
elapsed since the practicability of propelling a carriage on a
common road by steam was established by incontestible
experiment, it will naturally be inquired, why in a nation
celebrated over tiie world for its mechanical skill and com-
mercial enterprise, and abounding in capital, the project
has not yet attained a more advanced stage? The facts
detailed in the pamphlet of Mr. Gurney, the title of which
is owed at the head of this article, will furnish a solution
of this question satisfactory to the reader, and little credit-
able to some parties, whose conduct is there brought be-
fore the public.
it appea,s that after several years of indefatigable
exertion, during which he had to encounter and refute in-
numerable objections urged against the scheme,—such as
the expense, the public annoyance, the removal of horses
from employment, the putting of coachmen, &c., out of
bread,
ond all the hackneyed topics by which great improve-
ments in machinery have been ever opposed,—Mr. Gur-
ney at length succeeded in getting a strain-carriage esta-
blished as a public conveyance between Gloucester and
Cheltenham in February 1831. It commenced running
on the 21st of that month, and continued until the 22d of

,
•\

• \

June,—a period of four montbs—duting which it per-
formed the journey of nine miles between these places re-
gularly four times.a•day. It carried in this time upwards
of 3,000 passengers, without a single accident, at a greater
speed than that of horse coaches, and at half their fares.
The value of the coke expended in this performance was
about 501.,—giving an annual rate of 1501. for fuel. A
horse coach to perform the same work, going at the rate
of from eight to nine miles an hour, would have required
eighteen horses constantly to be maintained.
" The evidence afforded by an experiment continued
for such a period was not to be resisted; and it carried
conviction to the minds of those who fincied their inte-
rests would be affected by the impending change. The
project was now to be opposed, not by fair objections, but
, by any means which unscrupulous men tvill resort to in a
desperate emergency. Agriculturists, trustees of roads,
coach proprietors, coach drivers, grooms, stable boys,—all
were immedi ftely up in arms. Not a day passed without
gross mistarements being industriously and extensively
circulated, with a view to deter passengers from choosing
the new mode of conveyance. The continuance, however,
of successful journeys giving constantly the lie to such re-
ports, deprive them of their poison. The next measure
was of a more effectually mischievous and atrocious cha
racter. On the 22d of June, a considerable space of the
road about four miles from Gloucester, was found to be
overlaid with heaps of loose stones to the depth of eighteen
inches. The road at this place, and indeed generally, was
at the time in the most excellent order. The horse car-
riages in cros,iing the stones thus laid down were com-
pelled to unload ; the steam-carriage not being built with
that degree of strength, necessary to encounter so extraor-
dinary a strain, had its working axle-tree broken the se-
cond time it crossed the stones.

" The purpose of laying clown the stones was r,ot to lie
mistaken ; and the proprietor of the stesm• carriage was
strongly urged to adopt some legal mode of redress against
the patties wilfully committing such an act for the purpose
of obstructing him. In reply, he stated that he would
decline any hostile proceeding, and that he felt only pity
and contempt for those who could resort to such means for
preventing a great national undertaking.'
" He hereupon determined to strengthen the wheels of
his carriage, so as to be enabled to encounter any similar
obstacle which public or private malignity might throw in
his way. His proceedings, however, were speedily ar-
rested by the discovery that 'an immense number of turn-
pike bills had hastily passed both Houses of Parliament,
imposing on carriages worked by machinery prohibitory
tolls. In some cases the tolls imposed amounted to 40s.
at every gate; in others to 48s. ; and in some to 08s. ;
and as if it were a national object to prevent the possibi-
lity of such engines being used, one of these acts applied to
the road between Cheltenham and Gloucester.'

" Hitherto,' says Mr. Gurney, 'we had met the ob-
jections and difficulties proposed, by physical demonstra-
tion ; but time was a moral difficulty that could not be re-
moved except upon full investigation. I therefore in
August p.titioned Parliament ; a Committee of the House
of Commons was in consequence immediately appointed to
inquire into the subject. The Committee, like all parties
unacquainted with the real merits of the question, at first,
I believe, considered the subject more visionary than real :
how differently their minds were affected in the progress
of inquiry may be judged of, when it is stated, that they
soon applied for further powers, and deemed the matter
worthy of close and deliberate investigation for three
months. During that time some of the first statistical,
scientific, and engineering authorities gave voluntary evi-
dence on the subject. The Report, on the 12th October,
was brought up and ordered to be printed.'
"In the progress of their inquiry, the Committee ex-
tended their examination to the principal objections which
had been urged to the application of steam on common
roads. These were, the danger of explosion, the annoy-
ance to travellers, the fright occasioned to horses by the
noise of the machinery, and the smoke and steam which
escape at the chimney. The Committee state, that
they are led to believe, by the result of their inquiries,
that the substitution of inanimate for animal power on
common ninth, is one of the most important improvements
in internal communication ever introduced ; that its prac-
ticability has been fully established ; that tolls to an
amount which would utterly prohibit the introduction of
steam-carriages have In en imposed on some roads; that on
others the trustees have adopted measures which place
such carriages in an unfair position compared with ordi-
nary coaches ; and that the causes of these measures are
two fo'd,-18t, A determination on the part of the
Trustees to obstruct as much as possible the use of steam
as a propelling power ; and 2d, The misapprehension of
its effects on roads. The Committee consider that legi•la.
tive protection should be extended to steam-carriages with
the least possible delay."
The writer's observations on the ‘, Coneoctors
of Prohibitory Toll Bills, and on the almost
felonious conspirators against the public, who
rendered impassable the King's high-way," with
a view of neutralizing the good effects that Mr.
Gurney's steani•carriage must otherwise have
assuredly produced in society, are also well
worthy of quotation :

" The proceedings which rendered necessary the inves-
tigation instituted by the Parliamentary Committee, and
which justified that Committee in reporting ' that they had
ascertained that a determination existed to obstruct as
much as possible the progress of an invention,' which they
declared to be one of the moat important improvements
in internal communication ever introduced,' will doubtless
excite unqualified indignation. That the half-civilized
population of Ireland, after ages of misgovernment and
oppression, should view with distrust the factories of
English settlers, and shrink from a participation in bene-
fits, the nature and extent of which they cannot appre-
ciate, excites no surprise: if they obstruct or occasion illy
destroy these means of their own civilization, their defence
is found in the irresponsibility inferred by exclusion from
instruction. That improvements in machinery, by which
labour is superseded, sometimes excite to violence the
lower classes of hand-artisans, is a matter of just con-
detonation ; but in this case also, guilt has its palliation in
the difficulty which uneducated persons find in perceiving
that the displacement of labour by machinery is only ap-
parent, or at least temporary, and that the final and
never-failing result is an increased demand for hands. The
momentary distress which every great change in employ •
ment necessarily occasions in a manufacturing community
is also a palliation which should not be overlooked ; and
it can scarcely he expected that present inconvenience will
always be patiently borne by the labourint, classes in the
prospect of future, and, as they may think, uncertain
good. But we can find no such defence or palliation for
the concoctors of prohibitory Toll Bills, and for the almost
felonious conspirators against the public, who rendered
impassable the King's highway, with a view to obstruct
and defeat the efforts of those who endeavoured to extend
the means by which science ministers to the uses and en-
joymeets of society. The same Parliament which, misled
by false statements, was entrapped into the enactment of
unjust laws, soon discovered its error, and exposed the
deception practised upon it, not only by retracing its steps
and repealing the laws previously enacted, but by substi-
tuting for them measures of a directly opposite tendency,
—extending legislative protection to the improvement
which it was the object of the former enactments to crush.
We may hope that the offenders will feel the rebuke im-
plied in this proceeding; and that they will in future be
deterred from resorting to modes of annoyance and ob-
struction, which, though they may elude the grasp of the
law, cannot escape the blight of public opinion, in a
country where freedom of discussion and the liberty of the
press are recognized and established.

" Mr. Lister's Arlington" is a laudatory notice
of a novel which has been quite sufficiently be-
praised. Mr. Lister paints from life, but
feebly, and in water-colours. He has no
depth or breadth of colouring ; nothing to fix
attention. We read his tales one day and for-
get them the next. They are, however, exceed-
ingly virtuous, and he must indeed be a heretic
who would impugn their fashionable orthodoxy.
" Life of Wycliffe" is an attempt to throw an
air of novelty over a subject which is already
worn as threadbare as a poet's coat. The field
of research on this subject has been so diligently
reaped that scarce an ear is left for the gleaner
to pick up. " Working and Prospects of Re-
form" is a sad, vague, insipid article, possessing
little in accordance with the day. The writer
roars " like a sucking dove." We find no other
fault with his remarks, than that they are desti-
tute of spirit, decision, appropriateness, and
sagacity.

STATISTICS OF FRANCE.
Br LEWIS GOLDSMITH. LONDON.

This is one of the most useful and important
statistical works which has for a long time

been published. It enters into the fullest de,;
tails of the past and present expenditure of
France, its taxes, its revenues, its trade, its_ ma-
nufactures, its army, its navy, its local-andge•-
neral administration, in short, every thing•Whicb
cari be desired, as far as figures and feats are,
concerned, in a work of this nature. Mr
Goldsmith appears to have enjoyed peculiar fa-
cilities for performing such a task, and as the
whole value of the book must depend upon its
accuracy, we think it but fair to give the -Au-
thor's own statement of this matter. He says
in his preface—

" I commenced my work in 1825, during the minis-
try of M. de Villele, and when he quitted office in
J.inuary 1828, it was far from being finished. In con-
sequence, however, of a long intimacy which had sub-
sisted between that excellent man and highly-talented
minister, M. de Martignac, and myself, my access to
tlet Government offices was as free as before. I first
became acquainted with the Viscount de Martignac
at Berlin in the year 1797, when he was secretary to
the Abbe Sieyes, the French Ambassador, and I an
humble student at a Prussian university. Nor was the
work finished when the next great change took place in
the French Ministry; hut having had the honour of being
well known to Prince Polignac for 30 years, and having
also been well acquainted with his colleagues Count de la
Bourdonnaye, and the Barons de Capelle, Montbel, and
d'Haussez, the needful sources of information were still
kept open to me. The statements I bring forward may
therefore lie considered as derived from official sources. I
trust that I have nevertheless treated the various subjects
with the strictest impartiality."

The writer evinces a strong bias in his diffe-
rent observations to defend the administrations
of the friends he here enumerates, and to un-
dervalue the Revolution of 1830. That its
results have not been what the French people
wished, is not the fault of the Revolution ; and
the misconduct of those who have since been
in power, is no justification of the course taken
by the bigotted, ruthless Charles and his
blinded Ministers. Putting this bias aside, we.
have nothing to find fault with. In a work of
this kind, although all is important, it is diffi-
cult to find matter fit for a newspaper, but the
following, among the articles we have marked,
possess considerable interest :