The Sun.
London, England, 1859-09-10 00:00:00

-----. _
man will admit that the Emperor Napoleon obtained, This is a question for the Tuscans and Alodenese
by the treaty of peace, as much, and perhaps more, to decide.
than he obtained by force of arms. Con-
" And it must also be admitted that it was not there is but iittle chance of a Congress. ' a
4, if one may judge by the closing paragraph
demand
without a feeling of deep sympathy that the Em- gross,' says the Noniteur, `would only
peror Napoleon beheld the frank and determined what is just, and you cannot ask a great Power . _
manner with which the Emperor Francis Joseph, make important concessions without offering ecluints
in the interest of the peace of Europe, and with the able compensations in return. The only means
desire to establish good relations with France, not would be war; but let Italy not deceive herselatr
only gave up one of his richest provinces, but relin- there is but one Power in Europe that makes win.
quished the perhaps dangerous policy, yet not for an idea—it is France ; and France has acco
wanting in glory, which had given to Austria the plished her task.'
domination of Italy. Italy
"In fact, if the Treaty was sincerely carried out, Majesty's Cabinet himself said it. The war in
..
44 This, indeed, is as true as if the chief of his
Austria was no longer, for the Italian Peninsula, was ' for an idea ;' and, so far as the interestl
that inimical and dreaded Power, opposed to all captive that was to be set free is concerned, ta
national aspirations, from Parma to Mime, and results promise to be ideal enough. But the irariri
from Florence to Naples ; on the contrary, she be- tant question now is, what will all this lead
came a friendly Power, because she consented to be Central Italy persists in refusing to take
Austriabackf°irniEll
no longer a German Power on that side of the Alps, .u.
and to develope her Italian nationality to the consider herself released from her Villafranca stip.
the Austrian camp the fugitive Dukes, will
shores of the Adriatic. lations ? And if so, will she in her tur takeirt
" After the above, it will be easily understood upon Lombardy being restored to her, andt up
.
that if, after the peace, the destinies of Italy had arms to enforce her demand ? If Piedmont e
been entrusted to men more bent upon the future attacked, will the Emperor of the French s_
tia.
welfare of their common country than upon small another army to her aid ? Or will he assist Ac:.
partial successes, the object of their efforts would tria, in maintaining the stipulations of Villafra?a_er..
have been to develope,and not to obstruct, the con- "It is clear that his Majesty
sequences of the Treaty of Villafranca. What, in with the Tuscans, Modenese, and Parmesans,
fact, could have been more simple and patriotic than well as with the Piedmontese ; and thatot much
to have said to Austria, ' You wish the restoration love seems to be lost between them. From w.
of the Archdukes.' Well, let it be so ! but then friendly and even kind tone in which Austria
you will fulfil your promises to Venetia, she will spoken of in the St. Sauveur article, we may 1%1 _
be granted a free existence, an Italian Government that the distance between Austria and Franco:
is dissatish,
as
and army. In other words, the Emperor of Austria rapidly diminishing; that a rapprochement is
the
would on the other side of the Alps be simply tain ; that the proposed interview between la%
Grand Duke of Venetia, as the King of Holland is Emperors has not been absolutely coed;rej _n_.
Grand Duke of Luxemburg. that an Austro-French alliance is not Ply
"It is even possible that frank and friendly bable after all.
negotiations might have induced the Emperor of BOURSE, Sept. 9.—The market was heavy at the..
Austria to adopt measures more in harmony with opening, but afterwards rallied. Threes, after
the wishes expressed by the Duchies of Modena having been done at 68f. 65c. to 68f. go-
and Parma. to 68f. 30c., and have now rallied to 68f. 60c.
" The Emperor Napoleon, after what had taken bilier varied from 807 f. to 807 f. 50c. ; Austrian.,
place, ought to have been able to rely upon the 547 f. 50c. to 550 f. ; Lombard, 552 f. 50c. to 553 r
common sense and patriotism of Italy, and to be- 75e. ; Orleans, 1,362 f. 50c. to 1,3661. 25c- ; Lyons,
lieve that it would understand the mainsprings of 865 f. to 868 f. 75c. ; Southern, 500 f. to 505 f. The
his policy expressed in the following sentences : following were the last quotations :
" ' Instead of risking an European war, and I% per Cents. 94 75 Credit Foncier....
consequently the independence of his country—in- Do. end month, Belgian 4f .......
50c., decline°.
stead of spending an additional 300,000,000 andiedmontese (5) ..
3er Cents 6B 55 P ,
Do. end month 6B 60 R0man..........
shedding the blood of 50,000 men, the Emperor Bank Shares 2780 Spanish Bo— Austrian
Threes ..
........
Napoleon accepted a peace which, for the first time Credit Mobilier
Do. Account
since centuries, sanctions the nationality of Italy. RAILWAYS.
Piedmont, which more essentially represents the
Italian cause, finds her power considerably in-
creased, and, if the confederation is established,
she will take the principal part ; but one single
condition is put to all these advantages—it is the
restoration of the ancient Sovereign houses to their
States.'
" This language, we still believe, will be under-
stood by the healthy part of the nation, for with-
out it what will happen ? The French Govern•
ment has already declared it ; the Archdukes will
not be reinstated in their States by foreign arms,
but, one portion of the Treaty of Villafranca not
having been fulfilled, the Emperor of Austria will
hold himself free of all engagements as regards
Venetia. Alarmed by hostile demonstrations on
the right bank of the Po, he will keep up a war
footing on the left bank, and, instead of a policy
of conciliation and peace, we shall witness a renewal
of a policy of mistrust and hatred which will lead
to new troubles and to new disasters.
" Much hope is entertained from a European
Congress ; we invoke it ourselves with all our
heart, but we doubt whether a Congress will ob-
tain better conditions for Italy. A Congress will
only ask for what is just; and would it be just to
ask for important concessions from a great Power
without offering it equitable compensation in re-
turn I' The only resource would be war. But let
not Italy be deceived, There is but one Power in
Europe that wages war for an idea ; that Power is
France, and France has accomplished her task."

ir...
......

.--
85 5°
86 75

41 25
441 --

Accout.
Cash.
Orleans
Northern
..._—
.•
.• 1936525
New ditto
Lyons and Mediterranean BB 06 57 -5-0 ..•• 8: 6:7 -Co
Geneva 522 50 .. o'" f 5
Southern
Western 575 .. 655 ...
412 .
Eastern
Sardinian 412 a .• 5
Austrian
Lombard ....
Exchange on London, at sight, paper, 25f. 12/e• III%OT
25f 10c.; three months, paper, 24f. 97ic.; money, 24'. "

GREECE.
Letters from Athens, of 2d inst., state that pre-
parations are now being made for a general election
in Greece. The King has published a proclamation'
in which for the first time it is laid down as a prim:
ciple that the Government has a right to suggei"
the names of deputies to be elected, The Peqine
are displeased at seeing the authorities oppose'
several cases, men who had loudly declared '—
favour of Italian independence, and among the.llll
General Colicotrini, one of the most inituentle'
men in the Peloponnesus. The King of Greece
had laid with some ceremony the first stone of
palace for the Greek Academy, which Baron Shia'
the wealthy Greek banker at Vienna, has under-
taken to build at his own cost. The King, on filing
the stone, expressed his pleasure at the task
de
i
voicing on him, his gratitude to Baron Sine, a!ln
his hope that the Academy would be able to WO'
the ancient scientific glory of Greece. M. de M°ll-
therot, the French minister, had left Athens, t°
proceed to his new post at Baden.

The times' Paris correspondent (Second Edition

BELGRADE.
A despatch from Belgrade announces the release
of the imprisoned senators, on condition that thel
shall appear, when summoned, before the 100111
tribunals to answer any charges that may
be p.re
ferred against them. The Circassian deputatioi;
s
which has been expected for some time arrived
of
few days ago, with addresses from all the chief° ~
the Caucuses for the Porte and the English, Freon
and Austrian ambassadors. In consequencepolean 1),
reiterated complaints, the bishop of
(Macedonia) has been removed from his °16,1,c,,e;
The greater part of the population of l'"t
country being Bulgarians, they requested 0°
their bishop and priests should be their
trymen, stating that if this was not grat:
them they would apply to Rome. The
posed bishop, who is besides accused ;
1 innumerable abuses, had chosen to comply with t
orders issued by the propaganda of Macedonia "Of
Athens in their 719th circular, to all the bss/1014 0
Macedonia and Thessaly, to the effect that r:,
but their own teachers—who were to give 5 gthe
tuitous education—should be received iii,oo.
schools for the propagation of philhellenic i° !le
The population of I'oleanis have refused to reeelo,
these teachers, and assert the privilege cf appoi.
ing themselves Bulgarian teachers and ecclesiastic°

says :
" The article in to-day's Mbniteur is the engross.
ing topic of conversation and comment. The effect
in public is unfavourable ; and future complica
tions, again menacing to the peace of Europe, are
generally anticipated. The article came last
night direct from St. Sauveur to the Dioniteur,
and in the well-known handwriting employed
on these occasions. It did not pass through
the channel of the Foreign-office. Not only
was it thought superfluous to submit it to M.
Walewski before publication, but it was not
deemed worth while to inform him of the fact,
and the first information the Minister for Foreign
Affairs had of thi3 new view of the Italian question
was from the official columns at the same time as
every tailor and hairdresser in Paris.
" In this document we have once more the proof
that the Emperor had not carefully considered all
the difficulties, nor taken a sufficient view of the
complications which would attend a struggle against
Austria. It is not very flattering or consoling to
be told that so much blood and treasure have been
spent by France in obtainingAresults admitted to be
comparatively so limited. The Italians, as well as
the French, may reply that it was not when he
was in the midst of the difficulties mentioned in
this document that it should have first occurred to
the Emperor that all Germany would, on the first
signal, come to the aid of Austria ; and that the
four great fortresses which arrested the French
armies were not built merely since the war broke
out, or had lain unknown and unsuspected up to
that period.
" The lifoniteur says that common sense required
the acceptance of the conditions of Villafranca ;
that is, the promised reforms for Venetia, and the
recognition of the principle of nationality, on con-
dition of the restoration of the Grand Dukes. But
had common sense' nothing to do with the Milan
proclamation, when Italy was to be free from the
Alps to the Adriatic ?' The fact is, that this sweep-
ing liberation from mountain to sea, so magnifi-
cently announced, was given up because the Em-
peror was, notwithstanding his victories, getting a
little out of his depth, and encountering obstacles
not easily overcome, but which a man of less judg-
ment and foresight than he is reported to be should
have taken into his calculations and provided
against.

" The Moniteur says, that to every impartial
mind it is evident that the Emperor Napoleon ob-
tained by the treaty of peace as much, and it may
be more, than he had won by his arms.' lam not
sure that the Italians, who have some interest in
the question, will assent to this. Lombardy is a
conquest worth something ; it is a material gua-
rantee, which we take for 'granted the Lombards
themselves willingly accepted, and with which there
is no doubt the Piedmontese are very well satisfied.
And looking at this solid acquisition we may doubt
whether it is so very valueless in comparison with
vague assurances of reforms in Venetia, and the
promise of the diminution of Austrian influence in
Central Italy, proved, I suppose, by Austria insist-
ing on the restoration of her devoted agents in
Tuscany and Modena.
" The prominent men of Central Italy, who,
perhaps, think themselves quite as good Italians
and as good patriots as the cosmopolitan legitimist
M. Poniatowski, will not feel greatly flattered at
the allusion made to them in the St. Sauveur
communique :
"' It is easy to understand that if,
peace, the destinies of Italy had been lreentrusted
thtoe
men more occupied with the future lve
f
common country than with partiba
ioftotbde T
successes, the
ievelope,
as cnodp en
ootf
ttheir
teiff.
ooertt,s t wh
ecnielodn
she
reaty
of Villafranca, " aqvuue nc ee
es
" On this the Italians might observe
that, if they
merit reproaches, it is for having too
implicitly ac-
cepted the declaration of the programme about ex-
pelling every Austrian from Italy, and so readily
responded to the call from their liberator to rise in
arms and aid him. The fate of Venice now, it
appears, depends on the sacrifice of Tuscany and
Modena. Austria will promise certain reforms in
the adininistration of Venetia, and thus show that
she means not to meddle any more in Italian poli-
tics, on the simple condition that these States shall
again receive the yoke of her devoted Lieutenants.

THE IMPERIAL NYEST.

SPAIN.
The Madrid journals of the sth state that the
t`.
Spanish Cabinet has replied to the note cif °
English Government on the subject ef
rep 9
centration of troops at Algesiras.
courte°
0
is represented to be drawn up
that,
ce
terms, but to say with great firmness ll:I
Algesiras is in Spanish territory, n° 61°,,,
ment has the right to ask why troops ar-h;
centrated there, and that it would have,;:er
discreet not to have put the question•
ltA
theless, it says that Spain has numerous i
that
to avenge upon the Moors, and that it is for ft
purpose that the troops have been collected..._".,
adds that Spain, strong in her right, will not allow
herself to be checked in her projectby 09 40
barrassment which may be created. Thee e1i.r.11,0
state that the troops at Algesiras are eventdry,l'el,e,
into three brigades, and that in the ?I tot
affair with Morocco assuming gravity, it
.1,,
unlikely that 40 provincial battalions w.
armed; they say, too, that General Prim will fn...
frow
bably be authorised to raises. a free corps of
6,000 to 8,000 Catalonian

COLONEL CHARRAS AND THE EMPEROII
NAPOLEON.
Colonel Charras has published the
letter rejecting the proffered amnesty :--
need,
"To Louis Bonaparte.—You declare an are beet,
you pardon thousands of citizens who hay° •
oreiblY
cast by you on a foreign soil, who have been f eh.
kept by you in the deadly climate of Africa, ill .00
folloWilig
poisonous swamps of Cayenne. They defended sgulosi
you a constitution which resulted from univer eif
suffrage--a constitution which you bound 37.011r:00
by a solemn oath to be faithful to, but which, ~/,.
violated. For this you struck them down an° Jfinil
now amnesty them. The criminal pardons his,„°„ia
victims. :It was to be expected that you sil°;te
b rrow this touch from the Caesars of deglle„riof
Rome. I cannot in the face of public opinion and
history be a party to this change of masks• It isinoio
him who has violated the law to pardon him l'iw°,oo
defended it. Your pardon is an insult to those. Wl. all
,t affects. It conceals a snare and a trap► lkesch
our words and all your oaths. It does not reboil,
ne. But the representative of the people,
officer
you outraged, imprisoned, and banished, the itt
svhorn you robbed—l, whom you persecuted eveticl.
he land of exile, declare that I do not aninestY French3;-
Ido not pardon you the deaths of 15,000 vou,
men, whom you massacred in December, sch°3lg in
have wasted in your gaols and convict pr„..isL vot
rho misery and wretchedness of exile. I "which
forgive your violation of that constitution°, ~,ot
you swore to maintain, nor your destruction, licot
republic which gave you a country. Lastly': -1- "ood
lfirdon your disgracing universal suffrag? DY,....iiss-
and :err( r, your enslaving and systeniat.c( •02"7,,ffir
ton of my country. Life, indeed, when 4'7_ _i;
from one's family and country,
hut life in slavery would be far more bitter.ea you
lay that Liberty, Right,and Justice--thos 0 6,00
exiles—shall return to France to infli9t ilienete-Yr it.
rhe most deserved of chastisements, I 811 LI
at
Will' 6114
Chat day is slow in corning, but com:clitAitos.
. [ can wait for it. is bitt!reeligto