The Sun.
London, England, 1866-02-23 00:00:00

THE SUN, LONDON, FRIDAY EVENING, FEBRUARY 23, 1866.

the Prix Isian people will stand by their representa-
tives, • and that they will consider the Constitution as
sacrec las ever. I close the session with the cry,' Long
live'the King!' " Under the peculiar circumstances
in -which he was placed the President could not
have spoken more to the purpose than this. He has
shown himself at all times truly alive to the require-
ments of his position, and it must have been with
real regret that he thus took leave of the Assembly,
which was hound to support the cause of liberty and
to defend the rights of the people. Again we wit-
ness the triumph of Herr BISMARCK, but such suc-
cesses are proverbially short-lived, and his term of
power and office must soon cease. Meanwhile the
German people had better be on the alert, and not per-
mit things to go on too long in this laissez aller fashion,
because it is always a difficult task to retrace steps
and to remodel a Constitution. In the words of
Herr GRABOW, the Prussian people should stand by
their representatives, and they must consider it as
their sacred trust to defend their rights and privi-
leges, if they would have something beyond the
name of freedom left to them.

The declaration of war against Spain by the Re-
public of Peru is by no means unexpected, although
it can hardly be otherwise than welcome to the
friends of liberty and independence. Notwithstand-
ing the gallant resistance made by the Chilian Go-
vernment to the aggression of Spain, in which they
were fully supported by the Chilian people, there
was no doubt that the odds were against the brave
little Republic, unless some extraneous aid was
forthcoming. England and France, accepting those
doctrines of non-intervention, which, carried to their
extreme, mean nothing more than allowing a strong
Powe'r to dismember or annihilate a weak one, have
looked on, contenting themselves with verbal
remonstrances, to which the Cabinet of Madrid, as
might have been expected, paid very little atten-
tion. America herself, not usually so reticent or
cautious as the European Powers, seems to have
been more anxious to avoid a breach of her neu-
trality laws than to protect the interests of the
Southern Republics. What she may do hereafter
is indeed a matter for speculation, and uneasy spe-
culation it must be on the part of the Spaniards,
but meanwhile the Chilians have been left to fight
their own battles. They have hitherto conducted
the war not only with vigour but success, still the
accession of new allies can hardly be unwelcome.
Peru, whose sympathies had all along been warmly
enlisted on behalf of her neighbour, has now come
boldly forward and committed herself unreservedly
to the cause. This addition to the strength of Chili
is very important, since although the combined
fleets of the two Republics, would be quite
unequal to a general engagement with the
Spanish squadron, yet the mischief they can do
by more cautious and vigilant:action by cutting off
the Spanish supplies will be incalculable. It is very
possible that Spain may be found to succumb from
this cause alone, while even if she prolongs the con-
test for a short time, the expense which it will
entail on her empty exchequer will be ruinous.

The enthusiasm manifested at Callao on the
declaration of war against Spain was unanimous,
and the Dictator, when visiting the theatre
accompanied by the Chili= Minister, was
received with thunders of applause. We should
not be suprised if the other South Ame-
rican Republics were to join the alliance,
and they would do wisely in such a case. The old
fable of the United fagots bears a modern applica-
tion, and the band of brave little States, if com-
bined, could present a formidable front to the
common enemy. Spain must be taught to re-
spect their strength as well as to guarantee
their independence, or there will be no peace for
them. Increased prosperity, and a consequent in-
crease of material wealth, will only excite the
cupidity of Spanish financiers, while Spain will be
always on the watch to take advantage of any tem-
porary disagreement or disunion among them. We
should not be sorry to see the MONROE doctrine for
once put into vigorous practice, and America coming
forward, as she has good right to do, on behalf
of her younger and weaker sisters. Should the great
Republic of the Northern continent choose to bestir
herself in the cause of her Southern followers,
Spain, dignity, ironclads, and all would be very glad
to beat a hasty retreat from the Pacific. The eir-
canastanc,3s of their early history are sufficiently
like her own to enlist the sympathies and interest
of her people, and the rest of the European Powers
would have no objection to see Spain taught a use-
ful lesson by a Power which she dare not insult, and
certainly had better not provoke too far.

Clyde. There are no less than 30,000 steam machines
in Glasgow and the environs, producing 630,000
metres of stuffs a day, and annually 200 millions
of metres, producing for that branch of industry
alone 120 millions of francs. Cotton weaving was
commenced in Glasgow towards the end of the last
century. The consumption, which in 1818 was
46,000 bales, is now 120,000 bales, weighing 25
millions of kilogrammes. These results have a
strange corollary. This powerful industry is on its
descent to the second rank, and the " cotton
lords," who took the place of the " tobacco lords,"
will be obliged to share that position, if not to cede
it to the " iron lords." In illustration, the writer
proceeds to refer to the furnaces, which each vomit
20,000 kilogrammes of cast iron per day. Besides
these Glasgow possesses an immense number of
foundries and forges. These also are the largest
factories of chemical products in the world, among
others those of Messrs. Townsend and Messrs. Tenant
and Co. They refer with pride at Glasgow to the
chimney of the former establishment, which is 468
feet high, and which, after the pyramid of Cheops,
is the highest monument on the earth, became it is
47 feet higher than the minster of Strasburg. This
chimney, rising with lofty pride, may be perceived
by the whole city, attesting the power of the human
will for the advance of industry, as the spire of
Strasburg attests its power over the arts. Steam
has been a potent element in producing the pros-
perity of Glasgow. There was its cradle. In 1786
Patrick Miller ascended the Clyde in a boat, the
paddles of which were moved by steam. It was the
first boat which combated the waves. Steam was
neglected till 1812, as far as regarded navigation,
and applied to industry only ; it then reappeared.
After the experiments of Fulton in America, Bell
launched a small steamer on the Clyde,
which took definitive possession, and a regular
service was established between Glasgow and
Greenock. This steamer was called the Comet. Its
power was that of three horses, and it was thought
a marvel. " I du not know what became of this toy,
but at Darlington I saw the first machine which
ever drew. a train. It is carefully preserved as a
venerable relic. It was manufactured by Stephen-
son at Newcastle." The article professes to describe
Belfast. I see nothing about that, only that the
writer draws a comparison between Ireland and
Scotland, very much to the disadvantage of the
former. " Ireland has lost in 20 years only two
millions of her inhabitants. In Ireland one sees
mendicity, decay, almost degradation. In Scotland
an air of prosperity and well-doing must strike the
stranger. When money leaves Ireland it never
comes back again. Since the commencement of the
present century Ireland has paid to England the
enormous sum of more than eight milliards of francs
without return. This is an enormous tribute, which
must eventually exhaust her. The landlords receives
the money from Ireland, but do not live there. After
this, can we be astonished at the poverty of the soil
and the people ?"

The telegraphic communications between Eng-
land and France have lately experienced con-
siderable interruption and unusual delay. They
have been caused by the defective condition
of one of the submarine cables which connect
the two countries, that of Dieppe, the wires
in which, four in number, have, been inert. The
French Administration have given to the com-
pany every possible facility with a view to enable
them to fulfil their engagements. On the other
hand, the lines prolonged to the interior of England,
in connection with the cables of the Channel, have
from circumstances beyond control become deranged,
and have thus created a new element of trouble and
delay.

An eminent French sailor has just died in Paris,
Vice-Admiral Le Predour, Senator and Grand
Officer of the Legion of Honour. He was born on
the 16th Jan., 1793, and had been in the Navy from
the age of 11 years. He was engaged in all the
naval wars of the Empire. Since 1855 he has been
placed on the reserved list.

Again I have to notice an extraordinary change
in the weather. It was a sharp frost last night, but
the sun rose brilliantly this morning, and by mid-
day it became really hot. The sun has not been
obscured a moment the whole day. It is satisfac-
tory to add that the frosts of the last three or four
nights have not done any injury to vegetables, as
had been feared. The buds of the rose trees are
ready to burst forth, and the gooseberry and
currant trees also show buds. The bloom on the
peach and apricot trees looks beautiful.

A ball is to be given after Lent by M. Moreau, a
stock broker, of an original character. All the
gentlemen are to be dressed as soldiers, and the
ladies will wear the peculiar costume adopted by
mursery maids. Perhaps the dress is not inappro-
priate, as soldiers of the infantry have a connection,
in name at least, with children.

Library of Fiaion.

(From Punch.)

The Reign of Terror in Jamaica. A Serial, pub-
lished on the arrival of the West India Mail.
Bright, Shammyrumstuff, & Co., Morning Star
Office, Fleet-street. One Penny.

We congratulate our spirited contemporary on
being the first to introduce the feuilleton into a
London newspaper. Under the above title it has
commenced an exciting fiction in the best style of
the penny novelists, and we may fairly say that since
the celebrated Gory Hand in the Dark Cellar, we
have read nothing more sensational than the Deign
of Terror in Jamaica. Under the guise of a special
commissioner, the Fleet-street novelist describes his
horrors with gusto. He begins dashingly—
" I am about to unfold a Tale of Horror !"

" I know more of the measures taken to suppress the
rebellion than almost any one individual in Jamaica.
* * * The whites are generally ignorant of what lam
about to detail to you. * * * Ido not believe one tithe
of the atrocities have yet been unearthed, as day by day
adds to the detail of horrors."

We have no intention of injuring the success of
this fiction by telling the points. The writer repre-
sents himself as going about among the blacks, and
being inspired by their stories, and any one who
knows the exquisite truthfulness of the negro cha-
racter will feel that a romancer,who lays his hand on
a black informant, in every sense " strikes ile." We
must extract a gem or two in order to increase the
aviditywith which this Tale of Horror will be sought
for :

M'Laren deserves a statue of the purest marble. F.,ith-
ful and true, he was hanged that night. He did not mis-
calculate the nature of the (white) beings who were
making a Hell upon Earth in Morant Bay."
But this passage is the most brilliant of all. One
of his black heroines—

"Stealthily entered; but imagine her horror when look-
ing up she saw the grisly forms of nine of her neighbours
swinging round responsive to the night blast. A return to
the wood and the wet lair among the frogs was better than
this."

A rebel's house is entered by the soldiers while it
is dark. He dashes away, deserting his wife and
children, but a rifle ball hits him on the shoulder.
" Imagine the scene—Abe poor creatures roused from
sleep by the tramp of armed men, the flash from the ready
rifle, the cry of pain from the husband and father, and the
dark figures of'the soldiers dimly seen through the sulphu-
rous smoke."

Without making further extracts, we commend this
romance of Jamaicato all lovers of penny fiction, and
we congratulate the enterprising publishers, Messrs.
Bright and Shammyrumstuff, on the spirit which
induced. them to engage the pen of a spicy novelist
rather than to imitate the Times, Daily News, and
Telegraph, who tamely send out gentlemen with no
higher mission than to ascertain facts from credible
witnesses. The writer of the novel is a true artist,
and while giving all these horrors, he is careful to
supply evidence that they are merely the creation of
the sable population with whom he gossips, and he
displays real art in dressing up the crude conceptions
of the blacks into sensational narrative. We trust
the Tale of Horror will be as popular as it deserves
to be.

An 'extraordinary general meeting of the share-
holders of the Provincial Banking Corporation
(Limited), was held to day, for the purpose of con-
firming certain resolutions for alteration of the
articles of association, passed at the extraordinary
general meeting of the shareholders held on the sth
inst. The usual confirmation was given.

LA TEST INTELLIGENCE.

(REUTER'S TELEGRAMS.)

PRUSSIA.

BERLIN, FEB. 22 (Afternoon).
Count von Bismarck has just communicated to
the Chamber of Deputies a royal decree ordering
both houses of the Diet to be closed to-morrow, and
to remain adjourned until the end of the present
session.

FEB. 22 (Evening).

The closing of the Prussian Chambers, which
took place to-day, was entirely unexpected. Even
Herr Grabow, the President of the Chamber of
Deputies, was not aware that this measure was
impending. After the reading of the royal order,
Herr Grabow said :—" I hope that the Prussian
people will stand by their representatives, and that
they will consider the constitution as sacred as ever.
I close the session with the cry, ' Long live the
"

DENMARK.
COPENHAGEN, FEB. 23.

Yesterday the French ambassador had a public
audience of the King, and presented to his Majesty
the Grand Cross of the Legion of Honour for the
Crown Prince of Denmark, together with an auto-
graph letter of the Emperor Napoleon.
His Majesty expressed his warmest thanks for
this mark of friendship.

SPAIN.

MADRID, FEB. 22 (Evening).

It is semi-officially stated that Marshal O'Donnell
will not offer any opposition to a reduction in the
estimates of war and of marine, provided the gene-
ral position of affairs in the ensuing year appear to
justify that course.

FRANCE.

PARIS, FEB. 23.

The Prince Imperial has been appointed honorary
President of the Committee of the International
Exhibition, to be held in Paris in 1867. The func-
tions of President will be discharged by the Minister
of State.

The Aloniteur of this morning says :—" Intelli-
gence has been received here from Syria, which
holds out hopes of the complete cessation of the dis-
turbances raised by Joseph Karaw."
BOURSE, Feb. 22, Two o'clock.—The Bank of
France has again reduced its rate of discount one-
half, viz., from 41- to 4 per cent. This movement,
together with a reduction of the rate in London, has
had a very favourable effect on the market, which
shows great firmness at generally better quotations.
Threes, for the Account, have advanced 10c.—to
68f. 221 c. Italians have a similar improvement.
Credit Mobilier Shares are sf. higher. Railway
Market firm. Three o'clock.—The market has con-
tinued firm, closing on the following quotations :-
4 per Cents 99
Do. end month —
3 per Cents. 69 30
Do. end month 69 30
Credit Mobilier 682 50
Do. end month 685
Bank Shares 3691 25

Roman
Ottoman Fives 39
Mexican Loan 47 50
Do. Bonds 3lO
Russian
Austrian
Spanish Threes
Homo Debt —
Deferred

Credit Fonder 1340 ::

Italian Loan 6l 30
Do. end month 6l 35

RAILII

%PAYS.

Orleans
Northern
Lyons and Mediterranean
Southern
Western
Eastern
Sardinian
Austrian
Lombard
North of Spain
Saragossa
Ditto to Barcelona
Roma'

Cash. Acct.
868 75
... 1113 -
- 75
... 555 -
- 566 25
... 541 25
... 140 -
- - ... 405 -
- 902 50
175
233 75
100 -
- ... 122 50

BANK OF FRANCE.

----c

PARIS, Feb. 22.

The following is the return of the Bank of France
for the week ending to-day, together with the cor-
responding figur3s of the previous account :

DEBTOR.
Feb. 22.

Feb. 15.

182,500,000 -

Capital of the Bank 182,500,000
Profits in addition to
capital (Art. 8, Law,
June 9, 1857) 7,044,776 02 7,044,776 02
Reserve of the Bank
and its branches
Reserve in landed pro-
perty 4,000,000
Notes in circulation ... 888,206,025
Banknotes to order and
receipts payable at
sight
Treasury account cur-
rent creditor
Current accounts, Paris 174,158,744 50 169,464,920 03
Do. branch banks
Dividends payable 1,718,878 75 2,079,239 75
Discounts and sundry
interests
Rediscounted the last
six months
Surplus of receipts not
distributed
Sundries

22,105,750 14 22,105,750 14

4,000,000 -
919,117,925 -

5,091,442 46 5,338,561 51

2,074,992 92 2,074,992 92

- -
6,907,491 8 7,261,965 81

Total
CREDITOR.

Feb. 22. Feb. 15.
Cash in hand and in fr. C. fr.
Branch banks
Commercial bills over-
due
Commercial bills dis-

331,113 86

755,712 32

counted, not yet due 336,836,401 69 372,169,866 66
Do. branch banks 298,819,220 317,195,488
Advances on deposit of
bullion
1)o. branch banks
Do. on French Public
Securities 11,677,500
Do. by branch banks 6,106,700
Do. ou railway shares
and debentures
D. branch banks 19,247,900
Do. on Credit Foncier
Bonds
Do. branches
Do. to the State (Con-
vention, June 10,
1857) 60,000,000 60,000,000
Government Stock re-

7,289,000 -
Z‘,8,53,500 -

6,762,400 -
5,361,800 -

11,813,300 -
6,`180,700 -

29,576,500 -
19,533,000 -

624,800 -
381,200 -

617,400 -
391,800 -

serve 12,980,750 14 12,980,750 14
Do. disposable
Routes Imialobalisees

(Law, June 9, 1857) 1C0,000,000 -- 100,000,000
Hotel and furniture of
the Bank and landed
ilroperty branches 8,439,520 -- 8,416,623 --
Expenses 01 nia.nage-
ment 230,010 23 228,408 83
Sundries

Total 1,389,269,205 72 1,417,953,705 69

Certified by the Senator-Governor of the Bank of France.
(Signed) RoULAND.

The Bank of France has reduced its rate of dis-
count from 41- to 4 per cent.

THE HALIFAX PEERAGE.—Considerable surprise
has been created in Yorkshire, not at the elevation of Sir
Charles Wood to the peerage, but at the title selected. it
is usually the case to select titles which have been at some
time borne by the family, and which may have become ex-
tinct from failure of issue, attainder, or other causes. That
this has not been the rule followed in the case of Sir Charles
Wood becomes evident when we find that a connection
with the extinct title of Halifax is to be found in the family
of Mr. Montagu, of Melton Park,, near Doncaster, whose
father, Mr. Fountayne Wilson, represented the whole of
Yorkshire, with the Hon. W. Duncombe (now Lord
Fevcrsham), Lo-2d Milton, and Mr. Marshall. It was, we
believe, intended to raise the late Mr. Fountayno Wilson
to the peerage, by the title of Halifax, and were a Tory
administration iu power, a fitter recipient of that title
could not bo found than in the person of the present owner
of Melton Park, with his vast possessions, including the
old Montagu estate in Nottinghamshire ; especially con-
sidering the sacrifices he has made in support of his
party. But as these aro naturally anything but virtues
in the eyes of a Whig Government, we find no fault with
their not elevating him to the peerage. Wo cannot,
however, acquit the present Government of bad taste
in fixing upon this title of 'V iscount Halifax, which
almost, as it were, belongs to the Montagu family, and con-
ferring it upon Sir Charles Wood, who has no pretence
whatever for adopting it. Surely Sir Charles's representa-
tion of the borough of Halifax cannot bo sufficient cause
for his usurping an old title. Why not Viscount Hickleton,
of Hickleton Hall, his country residence ? By such course
au unpleasant, not to say an unfriendly, slight might have
been avoided, the more so as we aro aware that, although
political opponents, Mr. Montagu and Sir Chas. Wood have
always been on tl.e most friendly term.,-Rfrag

LAW INTELLIGENCE.---This Day.

COURT OF QUEEN'S BENCH.

(Before Chief Justice Cockburn and a Special Jury.)
McCALLITM V. BEETON_LIBEL.
This was an action for libel, by Mr. Peter M'Callum, a
printer, carrying on business in Rolls-buildings, Fetter-
lane, against Mr. Beeton; the registered proprietor of the
Sporting L.
Mr. Digby Seymour, QC., opened for the plaintiff, and
said he was a printer and proprietor of a sporting publica-
tion called Tatersall's Tissue, and the defendant the re-
gistered proprietor of the Sporting Life, another racing
newspaper. The plaintiff became the proprietor of Tater-
sall's Tissue iu consequence of a bad debt, and in citifying
on the paper he assumed the nom de plume of "James
Hopkins," and to his business in connection with the Tissue
he united that of a commission agent, a profession that
some of the most celebrated racing mon of the day had
carried on. The exact charge against the defendant was,
that ho had in his newspaper accused the plaintiff with
having swindled a person named Edward Thompson, the
keeper of a co-operative store, at Sunderland, out of .£lOO.
The learned gentleman then read a variety of letters from
Mr. Thompson to the plaintiff, asking him to back Gladia-
tour for £lOO for the St. Leger. The bet was laid at 2 to 1,
and a voucher was sent accordingly. A conversation
afterwards took place relative to the merits of Ely and
Regalia for another race at Stockton ; and the defendant,
not wishing to lay out further money, asked the plaintiff
to back the horses for him. The plaintiff said if the
voucher he had sent with respect to Gladiateur
was sent to him he would see what could be done.
The voucher was sent, and then Thompson was tele-
graphed to that, after the strictest inquiry had been made,
he did nct think Ely or Regalia were the best horses for
the races at Stockton, but that Extoller and Bandarilla
were much better, and that ho should back them if not ad-
vised by Thompson to the contrary. This was done, and
then, both horses having lost, Thompson wrote to plaintiff
demanding the voucher for the Gladiateur bet, which of
course was refused. A long correspondence ensued, and
the result was that the alleged libel appeared in the, Sport-
ing Life calling the plaintiff a swindler.
The first witness called was
Mr. Montague Scott, solicitor for the plaintiff, who pro-
duced a copy of the registration of the Sporting L. I
have been to Sunderland. I have seen Mr. Thompson. I
never asked him not to come up to London as a witness,
or to keep out of the way. 1 solemnly swear I made no
such communication.
Mr. Peter M'Callum—l am the plaintiff in this case. I
am a printer and publisher, carrying on business in Rolls-
buildings. I am the present proprietor of Tatersall's Tissue.
I did not start it. I contracted for its printing. Mr.
Elliot, of Shoe-lane, was then proprietor. It has been
in circulation since 1864 amongst sporting people. Mr.
Elliot contracted a debt for printing, and agreed with
me to take Tatersall's „Tissue in redemption. Mr. Peedie
is the editor. After I had been proprietor I continued
printing it, and added to the business that of a commis-
sion agent in Feb., 1865. The name in which I exe-
cuted commissions was James Hopkins. I adopted that
namo six months before I thought of taking commis-

sions. I adopted the name to keep all matters con:
netted with the Tissue from my general business. I had
the assistance of clerks, and when letters came to my es-
tablishment, addressed "James Hopkins," only Mr. Peedie
or myself opened them. It is a very usual thing in sport-
ing circles to adopt assumed names. I received the first

letter from Mr. Thompson in May, 1864. In August I
received a letter from Thompson asking me to put on £lOO
on Gladiateur for the St. Leger. It is always usual to
stake the money. I received the money from Thompson,
and the bet was laid. I sent him the ordinary voucher
stating the fact. I produce it. I afterwards wont down
to Sunderland as I had to go to Newcastle. I received an
invitation from Mr. Thompson to call on him. ;I did
so. This was before Stockton Races. I was ac-