The Sun.
London, England, 1866-04-16 00:00:00

e

_

INT T.*

a.- I SP AP F
•,_
• t • ,t,
,P , • Ars,i turning home from foreign service.
rnn
- •,• 4tai large number of time-expired men a
' ! elvt>.
,
is estimated that four-fifths of thes rin,Ta bq4
list in the army within three or four 1,9/Z
_A/4
, •
<7! • •4° •
• Wl' a k'•
, return home, the majority of them with bop
- ,41111( .
soon finding themselves again en route or In . .
DR Car • N
4 ttr,

Surely some inducement might be held out to them
to re-enlist in India, and thus save the heavy and
apparently needless cost of their transport to Eng-
land and back to India.
The following appointments have been made at
the Admiralty :—Commander G. D. Brown, to the
Barracouta, vice Urmston, promoted ; Commander
11. E. G. Earle, to the Royalist, vice Nelson, pro-
moted ; Commander J. 11. Bushnell, to the Dasher,
vice Malcolm, promoted ; Commander B. S. de R.
to the Fawn, vice Talbot, promoted ; Com-
inandcr A. It. Owen, to the Falcon, vice Pailins,
protnote.l ; Commander T. E. Smith, to the Shear-
water, vice Douglas, promoted ; Lieut. M. B. Med-
lycott, to the Minstrel, as Lieut. commanding ;
Lieut. S. R. Huntley, to the Cherub, as Lieut. com..
manding ; Lieut. W. F. L. Ellwyn, to the Slaney,
vice Keats, promoted ; Lieut. C. E. Donville, to
the Algerine, as Lieut. commanding, vice Tucker,
promoted ; F. K. Taylor, A. J. W. Neville, and F.
spßeornsea:vlsn;u
Brown, chief
eh
eli
etllfi,cekt
los)
g, mhe
eei
edcrs
,hh
tiapel
C. Corbett, masters, to the Princess Royal, for dis-
neg,ecrtio;iaDltlleiren.
Challenger
rippekoro.th\l\;orrallnt...,
mlethan
assist.-surg., to the Challenger ; Dr. It. Potter,
assist.-surg., to the Prince Consort ; M. Lilt, engi-
neer, to the Challenger; J. H. Ilefferman, engineer,
to the Fisgard, for the Waterwitch ; E. J. What-
more and T. It. Crowder, first-class assist.-engi-
neers, to 'the Challenger; E. It. Brown, C. C. Wil-
son, and S. Davis, clerks, to the Challenger, for
disposal; F. H. M. Whitfield, assist.-clerk, to the
Challenger, for disposal; and 11. A. Lapidge, assist..
clerk, to the Formidable.
At the examinations of candidates for naval
cadets, concluded last week at the Royal Naval
College, Portsmouth, the following passed their
examinations successfully from the North Grove
House Naval Academy, Southsea :—J. B. Benett,
F. Springrice, A. E. Thomas, J. W. H. Myers, A.
J. Chancellor, E. B. Scott, F. J. Montgomery, R.
L. Mundy, E. D. Chambers, W. S. Girdlestone,
and J. G. Bremer.

4d.
STAMPED sd.

protect the free exercise of spiritual authority. But you
believe that it is. You desire to see the temporal autho-
rity of the Pope not reduced, as it is at present, in such a
manner as to tend towards its fall, but entire, and having
only those limits which God and ages have placed to it,
and I thank you.
What special words can I address to you ? I will re-
peat to you the words which I have heard at the Mass at
which I have just assiste(L When Our Lord appeared to
the Apostles, assembled after the resurrection, he said,
"Pox rads." I, as Vicar of Christ, notwithstanding my
unworthiness, say to you "Pox l'obig." Yes, may peace
be with you ;, may peace be with Edrope, now so troubled;
may peace be with this poor Italy, a prey to many Sor-
s°wa ; may peace be with your relations and with your
friends !

As a pledge of my paternal affection, I pray God to send
Sou this peace, and I give you my benediction.
All those present fell upon their knees. Pius IX.
pronounced the Apostolic Blessing, after which loud
cries of "Long live the Pontiff-King" burst from
the assembly, at which expressions of affection his
Holiness was visibly touched.

Naval and Military Intelligence.

Pall.

The Pallas, 6, ironcased screw corvette, 2,372
tons, Capt. M. Connolly, weighed
her anchor from power,
mSwpeirthead on Wednesday morning,
600
and made a trial of her engines, under the superin-
tendence of their builder, Mr. E. Humphreys, pre-
paratory to the ship entering upon her official trial
of speed at the measured mile in Stokes Bay. The
ship left Spithead at 10.30 a.m., drawing 18ft. sie,
of water forward, and 24ft. 7in. aft, and complete
in everything for sea service, excepting coals. Mr.
John Ward, assistant chief engineer at Portsmouth
dockyard, was on board, representing the Admi-
ralty in the superintendence and working of the
ship's engines. Mr. IV. H. Brain, assistant-master
shipwright of Portsniouth dockyard, represented the
Chief Constructor's department of the navy. The
ship was started at first with a low pressure of steam
in her cylinders, and made her way leisurely out
south-east of her anchorage at Spithead, the wind
being on her port bow, at a strength of about 5, but
with the water quite smooth. At 11 o'clock the
Culver cliffs, the easternmost point of the Isle of
Wight, were about two miles under the ship's lee,
the weather thickening, and the force of wind in-
creasing to 6. The engines had by this time ex-
ceeded 70 in their revolutions, no pressure being
put upon them, and the barrel-shaped " ram" bow
of the ship was driving up in front of her a wave of
foaming water permanently level with the cull of her
hawse-pipes, and sending tons at a spurt through
the hawse-pipes on to her fore main deck at each
interval of a few seconds when she met the slight
head seas with a greater inclination, heavy sheets
of water being at the same time flung inward on the
vessel's upper deck over the bows. At 11.20 the
engines had reached 80 in their revolutions, the
Culvers, with the east end of the Isle of Wight, be-
ing hid from view in the thick weather astern, and
this was continued until noon, when the ship's course
was reversed to north by west and her head laid for
Spithead. In running back for Spithead before the
light breeze the appearance of the heaped-up waters
in front of the ship's stem became more extraordinary
than when the ship was steaming against the wind.
The height of the raised water was equal in its per-
manence with that raised when steaming against
the wind, but its formation was now more distinctly
marked. In steaming against the wind a confused
mass of broken water, extending half-way up from
the water-line of the ship to her bowsprit, could
only be seen—an immense wave without definite
form. On steaming back, however, to Spithead
with the wind on the ship's quarter, the form of this
mass of waters under her bows became more de-
fined. Its permanent height, as already stated, was
level with the hawse-pipes, and close to the stem of
the fillip was a continuous " boil" of foam, as pre-
y when steaming against the wind. In addi-
tion to this there were white rollers of broken water
rising continuously up through the clear green water
fully GOft. a head of the ship's stem in board. It
was the result of the action of the " ram" or pro-
jecting plough bow, of which more will be said in
our report of the ship's trial over the measured mile
in Stokes Bay. The Pallas anchored at Spithead
again at 1 p.m., the results of the day's steaming
satisfying all the officials on 'board that the ship's
machinery was competent in every particular to
carry her through her trial over the measured mile.
The engines were never eased or stopped from the
time the ship left Spithead until the signal was made
on her return to stop them to anchor the ship again.
The Pallas is ordered to make her trial of speed at
deep draught at the measured mile in Stokes Bay
to-morrow, weather permitting. The Chief Con-
structor of the Navy, Mr. E. J. Reed, the designer
of the ship, with the other officials from the Admi-
ralty, is expected to be present at the trial.
Saturday having been the anniversary of the
birth of the Princess Beatrice, and her Majesty,
with the Royal family, being at Osborne, her Ma-
jesty's ships at Spithead, in Cowes Roads, and in
Portsmouth harbour " dressed" with the Royal
standard at the main and the national ensign at the
fore and wizen, and Royal salutes were fired from
the ships and land batteries in honour of the occa-
sion. The Royal standard was hoisted all over the
dockyard, the Royal Clarence Victualling-yard,
Haslar Naval Hospital, the gun-wharf, and all other
public establishments.
The Imperial Austrian screw frigate Friedrich,
Capt. Woplinger, anchored at Spithead on Satur-
day morning, from Bremerhaven, bound to the
Adriatic. She exchanged the customary salutes with
the garrison saluting battery, and with the flagship
Victory, carrying the flag of the navalCommander-
in-Chief, Vice-Admiral Sir T. Pasley. The Fried-
rich will fill up with coal at Spithead previous to
resuming her voyage to the Mediterranean.
The unarmoured screw sloop Cameleon, 17, 952
tons, 200 horse power, Commander T. M. Jones,
arrived at Spithead on Saturday from the Pacific,
and exchanged salutes with the flagship of the Com-
mander-in-Chief on anchoring. She sailed from
Valparaiso on Jan. 17, passed Cape Horn on Feb.
4, with very fine weather at the time, and reached
Stanley harbour, Falkland Islands, on Feb. 8.
Stanley harbour was left again on Feb. 12, and the
line crossed on March 11. Since reaching the lati-
tude of the Azores contrary winds were experienced
until catering the Channel. The invalids and naval
supernumeraries brought to England by the Came-
leon were transferred from her on Saturday to the
flagship Victory, and the former vessel was expected
to sail from Spithead yesterday afternoon for Sheer-
ness, to dismantle and pay out of commission, after
nearly five years' foreign service.

_ -
The Pollution of tlia River Thames.

FIRST REPORT OF THE
On Saturday was issued,in lame Blue-books,
zlma NERS.
riSSIO
the first report of the commissioners appointed to
inquire into the best means of preventing the pol-
lution of rivers, commencing with the Thames. The
commissioners have made a personal inspection of
the Thames, and have visited and made public in-
quiry in Oxford, Reading, Windsor, Kingston,
Richmond, Lechlade, Great Marlow, Worthing,
Croydon, and South Norwood. The main conclu-
sions to which they have been led are as follows :
" That the navigation works on the upper Thames
are in a neglected and ruinous condition, and that
some of the weirs and locks are dangerous. That
some weirs pound their water at too great a head,
and thereby permanently water-log adjoining lands
and the suburbs of some cities and tows, as Oxford,
Eton, and Windsor. That the existing method of
working the navigation by flashes' is antiquated,
rude, and destructive to the channel and banks of
the river, and at times to the crops and produce on
adjoining meadow and other lauds. That fishing,
ballasting, orier growing, and weed-cutting are not
exercised with due care for the even flow of the
river water and the safe maintenance of the naviga-
tion. That there is no systematic forming and
maintaining of the banks, islands, and aits. That
some portions of the river have been privately em-
banked so as to prevent flooding of adjoining lands ;
but that, for the greater part of the distance between
Cricklade and Kingston, the land is liable to extensive
and injurious flooding. That sewage from towns,
villages, and houses on the bank of the river pollutes
the water. That the river is fouled by refuse from
paper-mills and tanneries, as also by floating carcases
of animals. That there are many shoals and some
mud banks in the river consequent on the incompe-
tence of theThamesCommissioners to maintain it in
a navigable and proper state. That the several acts
of Parliament regulating the upper navigation
have been proved to be inefficient for their intended
purposes, and inconsistent with each other. That
the available income from all sources at the com-
mand of the Thames Commissioners has for some
time back not been sufficient to meet current ex-
penses. That the Thames Commission, as now
constituted, is far too numerous for efficient work-
issinunesbleaccgtte:
inspections
assotenaNflsnix:a.
and
sewage
elsi
investigations,
tmainoteninnod,tnsasen:c conducted
daneandnlduscocetafelrtdsaookmuef
rnnoodu
rmoe
nr
the
neee
evidence appended to this report, we believe that
town and house sewage may be so utilised on land
as to preserve the river from the danger of pol-
lution."

The Commissioners also submit the following re-
commendations :

" That the whole river be placed under the super-
intendence of one governing body. That this body
be the existing Conservancy Board, provided that
the board receive an additionof an adequate number
of 'representatives of the local interests of the upper
Thames ; and such representatives to be elected by
the persons who now constitute the Thames Com-
missioners. Thus after the lapse of a period to be
allowed for the alteration of existing arrangements,
it be made unlawful for any sewage, unless the same
has been passed over land so as to become purified,
or for any injurious refuse from paper-mills, tan-
neries, and other works, to be cast into the Thames
between Cricklade and the commencement of the
metropolitan sewerage system, and that any person
offending in this respect be made liable to penalties
to be recovered summarily. That it be made in-
cumbent upon the conservators to see to the enforce-
ment of the above prohibitions against pollution of
the river, and that for this purpose power be given
to them to visit and inspect works, and, after due
notice, to close the outlets of sewers, drains, and
discharge-pipes into the river within the limits de-
scribed in the last-preceding recommendation. That,
subject to proper safeguards to prevent abuse,
powers be given to local authorities to take land
compulsorily for the purpose of sewage irrigation,
to an extent not exceeding one acre for
every 50 persons whose sewage is to be applied.
That the upper navigation from Lechdale to
Staines be put into working order, and so
for the
eno
now belonging
to property
liabilitybelonging to
private persons, together
maintained. That the rights of private persons
to take tolls at locks no longer used
navigation be abolished, and that the
ilthiesth
w
in all weirs on the Thai
transferred to the main-
tainconserva-
the same weirs, be trann
which interfere with
tors. That all -fishing rights
of the river be abolished, with
the level or free flow
such compensation as may be settled by Parliament.
That the conservators be empowered to levy upon
all waterworks taking water for domestic or trade
purposes from the river Thames a rental in propor-
tion to the volume abstracted ; the maximum of
such rental to be named by Parliament. That the
conservators be empowered to
borrow the necessary
money for the restoration and maintenance of the
upper Thames. That, ' in order to provide adequate
security for money so to be borrowed, the conserva-
tors be authorised to
give a first
charge upon the
future revenue of the upper navigation to the post-
ponement of the existing bonds, and to pledge, as
collateral securities, the rental abovementioned upon
the waterworks and also the revenue of the lower
navigation. That upon the aforesaid security th
Public Works Loan Commissioners be authorised
to make advances to the conservators. That
powers be given to the conservators
to co
with the holders of existing bondson
given
the upper navigation. That powers be
ts through-
to the conservators to make embanknnlen
d carry out
out the valley of the Thames,
arterial of such im-
arterial drainage operations, the
the
ts to be met by a tax upon properties
provem en
so improved."

The Cornwallis, sailing Indianian, arrived at Spit-
head on Saturday morning from Madras, with time-
expired and invalided soldiers on board from various
regiments serving in India. They disembark
this morning, and the ship. will
will afterwards sail for
the Thames.
or
tuetrhs
de-
The head-quarters of the 54th Regiment, the
tachment of the 56th Regiment, and the time-ex-
pired and invalided soldiers who arrived at Spithead
in the sailing Indianian St. Lawrence, Winchester,
D unphail Castle, and Roslin Castle, were all disera.
barked from those ships on Saturday in Portsmouth
harbour, under the superintendence of Col. Willes,
Deputy-Quartermaster-Gen. for the South-west mi.
litary District. The 54th have gone into quartersatGosport, the 56th detachment joined head
at Portsmouth, the invalids were sent to the Royal
Victory Military Hospital at Netley,
time-
expired men to the depots of their several r
and the
All four ships have sailed fromregiments.
London. Portsmouth for
- -

Tho troops brought to England in the sailing
ships Tyburnia, Malabar, Victor Albert, and Corn-
wallis, will all disembark from those ships at Ports-
mouth this morning, and four vessels will imme-
diately afterwards leave Portsmouth for the Thames.
Never since the time of the Crimean campaign until
Saturday have eight private ships been seen lying at
Portsmouth at one time freighted with troops re-

FIRE AT BARON MAROCIIETTI'S STEDIO.—One
of the studios of Baron Marochetti, the sculptor, but not
his principal one, was, on Saturday evening, discovered;to
be on fire, principally in the roof. An alarm being given,
the Brompton Volunteer Firemen brought up their steam
engine first, and, the parish engine assisting, were able to
extinguish the flames before other engines could arrive.
There was not much damage done 7 and none at all to the
artist's works.