The Sun.
London, England, 1859-06-30 00:00:00

THE WAR IN ITALY.

VERONA, JUNE 28 (via TRT_ESTE).
Count Pourtales has arrived here, at the head-
quarters of the Austrian army.

Laybach has been fixed as the seat of the mili-
tary and civil Government of Lombardy, and of
;he employes of the Government.

General Gyulai has, in the capacity of Colonel,
assumed the command of the regiment which be-
longs to him and bears his name.

BERNE, JUNE 29.

On receipt of the news of the massacre at Perugia
the Swiss residents at Milan were ill-treated by the
populace, but the police interfered.

The Federal Council has addressed circulars to
the Swiss Consular agents in Italy, in which the
Council protests against denominating regiments
composed of foreigners as Swiss regiments, and re-
quests that use may be made of the - circulars in
order. that this subject may be put in its proper
light before the eyes of the public.

VIENNA, JUNE 29.

On the 28th the following French ships were at
Antivari :—Five ships of the line, eight frigates,
six war-steamers, thirteen floating batteries, nine
gunboats, nine brigs, and two three-masters.
The fleet has many troops and enormous supplies
of provisions and ammunition on board, so that it
can act independently of the mother country should
any other Power attempt to interfere.
Admiral Bouet is about to open sealed orders.
Consul Hecquardt is in continual correspondence
with Montenegro.

THE BATTLE OF SOLFERINO

FRENCH ACCOUNT.

The Moniteur has received from Cavriana, under
date of June 25, the following details of the battle
of Solferino

" Yesterday was marked by one of those battles
which, if they do not finish the war, permit us at
least to foresee its solution. The Emperor of Aus-
tria commanded in person.
" The Austrians, in their previous retreat, were
planning an attack. Their withdrawal, so decided,
behind the Mincio was intended to inspire us with
adventurous confidence by leaving a vast field to
the rapidity of our movements, thereby exposing
our columns, distant from each other through the
order of march, to a sudden attack that might have
weakened them by separation. But, fortunately,
the Emperor has not deviated from that exalted
prudence that prevails even over his courage—the
further the allied army advanced, the more our
columns strengthened themselves by serrying their

" In the night between the 23d and 24th we
learned that the Austrians were re-crossing the
Mincio and marching to meet us. A battle was
imminent. The entire army of the enemy, retrac-
ing its steps, was preparing to dispute our passage.
Solferino, San Cassiano, Cavriana, formidable posi-
tions, were occupied by the Austrians, who, sup-
ported by a numerous artillery, were crowning
all the heights as far as the Volta. On their
left, in the plain, between Volta, Guidizzolo,
and Medola, numerous columns were advanc-
ing with artillery and cavalry to out-flank
our right, and turn it. The enemy had, m3re-
over, between Solferino and Peschiera, considerable
forces, that were to be opposed to the King of Pied-
mont. marching from Des enzano to Pozzolengo.
The armies were occupying these positions, when,
at five in the morning, the Ist corps (Marshal
Baraguay &Millers) commenced the engagement
before Solferino. The heights and village were
carried and occupied by sheer force, after a fierce
combat. During this time the 21 corps (Marshal
M'Mahon), which was to the right of the Ist, in the
plain, extended itself towards it own right, in order
to join Gen. Neil, who was marching on Medola.
" The Emperor had taken the command of the
whole army ; his Majesty caused the infantry and
artillery of the guard to advance for the purpose of
establishing themselves between the Ist and 2d
corps and carrying San Cassiano. Then, with a
view to reinforce Marshal M'Mahon's right (2d
corps), a little vulnerable on account of General
Niel's distance, his Majesty sent all the cavalry of
the guard and the two divisions of cavalry of the
Ist and 3d corps to fill the void between the 2d
and 4th corps.
" Marshal Canrobert had been directed to watch
the movement of the Austrians expected from the
side of Mantua.

" There was fighting the whole day and a slow
advance, but always advancing in good order, the
corps keeping up their junction. The Ist corps,
after taking Solferino, carried all the positions one
after the other in the direction of Pozzolengo ; night
alone could stop it. The guard bore upon San Cas-
siano and Cavriana by crowning the eminences. The
last-named village was carried was great spirit
before the eyes of the Emperor, who was himself
directing the fire of the artillery.

" As for the 4th corps (General Niel's) it advanced
step by step, always gaining ground. There was a
moment, about four o'clock in the afternoon, when
in order to support their retreat the Austrians made
a final effort to effect a lodgment between the 4th
and 2d corps. A fierce conflict ensued ; the in-
fantry- and artillery took part in it, and the cavalry
in several charges finished by deciding the success
of this great day. This was the last act of the
battle ; the Austrians began their retreat along
their whole line. This retreat was favoured by a
fearful storm that lasted more than an hour; the
thunder, hail, wind, and lastly a frightful deluge
of rain, produced such an effect, that nothing
could be any longer distinguished on the field of
battle.

" When the weather cleared up the enemy had
disappeared, and in the distance we could see the
direttion taken by his retreating columns. The
Emperor of Austria, who was lodging at Cavriana,
in the very place where the Emperor set up later
his headcinartersc left the field of battle about four
o'clock, and withdrew on the side of Goito. From
the heights of Cavriana the strong column of dust
could be seen that was raised by the steps of his
escort.

"The Emperor Napoleon has been in some sort
superior to himself ; he was seen everywhere, al-
ways directing the battle ; every one around him
shuddered at the danger that incessantly threatened
him ; he alone seemed to be unaware of it. The
protection with which God has covered him was
extended to his staff; one of the Cent-Gardes alone
was wounded near his Majesty ; several horses of
the staff and the escort were killed or wounded."

A letter from Castenedolo, dated June 24, even-
ing, says :
I had just posted my yesterday's letter when an
officer of the general staff told me of intelligence
having arrived from Peschiera that the Austrians
intended to attack our lines on the following
morning. _ _ _

I therefore viade up my mind to follow the Pied-
montese army as soon as Victor Emmanuel had
left Lonato for the front. I was, however, obliged
to change my plan, for the simple reason that the
horse I had obtained at Brescia was lame, and,
therefore, unable to follow the staff even at a dis-
tance. As it was quite out of the question to get
a horse in Lonato, I was obliged to accept the kind
offer of an American gentleman who follows en
amateur the operations of the allied armies. He
was fortunate enough to be in possession of a car-
riage, and I hastened to take the opportunity
thus offered to me. At first I thought we should
drive on the Desenzano road, but he said he had
some reason to believe that the French army would
be first engaged, and that he had decided on
starting for Monteehiari. Although I thought