The Sun.
London, England, 1866-10-24 00:00:00

HER MAJESTY

BALMORAL, Monday.
The Queen, Prince and Princess Christian, and
Princess Louise, attended Divine service yesterday
in the parish church, Crathie, accompanied by the
Duchess of Roxburghe and Col. Ponsonby.
The Rev. John M'Murtrie, of St. Bernard's, Edin-
burgh, officiated.

THE COURT AT BALMORAL.—On Sunday her Ma-
jesty, their Royal Highnesses Prince and Princess Chris-
tian, and Princess Louise, attended divine service in the
church of Crathie There were also present—The Duke
of Buckingham, the Duchess of Roxburgh°, Colonel and
Mrs. Ponsonby, the Hon. Emily Cathcart, General Grey,
the Misses Grey, Rev. Mr. Jolly, Dr. Robertson, &c. The
Rev. Mr.M'Murtrie, of St. Bernard's, Edinburgh, preached
from Gal. iv. 6 and 7, and Romans viii.
more particularly on the first clause of the 17th verse•
Few strangers were present. Prince Arthur left Balmoral
for the south on Saturday, via the Spittal of Glenshee and
Blairgowrie.

RETURN OF THE QUEEN TO WINDSOR. —Her Ma-
jesty, with the various members of the Royal family, and
attended by the ladies and gentlemen of the Court, will, it
is expected, leave Balmoral on the Ist November, and
arrive at Windsor Castle on the following day.
We understand that the intended visit of the

Prince of Wales to Lord and Lady Londesborough at Grim-
ston is postponed, as it is the intention of his Royal High-
ness to be present at the marriage of the Princess Dagthar
(sister of the Princess of Wales) with the Czarewitch, at
St. Petersburg, next month. Lord and Lady Londesborough
contemplated giving a grand ball on the occasion of the
Prince's visit, but none of the invitations were issued.

THE DUKE OF EDINBURGH AT FLOORS CASTLE.--
We understand that his royal highness enjoyed some good
sport on the Tweed yesterday (Monday). The water wad
in pretty good condition both as regards the size and the
abundance of fish which continued to ascend, but the dal
was clOudy, with occasional showers. Partly owing to the
dullness of the morning, and partly from his desire to
await the departure for London of Viscount and Vis-
countess Dangan, and Lord and Lady Charles Innes Net*,
who left Foors about mid-day, his royal highness did not
ply the rod till noon. The prince was accompanied by the
Duke of Roxburgh° and the Marquis of Bowmont.
began fishing on a fine " cast" known as " the Shot," and
bad succeeded in killing, at half-past 3 o'clock, when he was
still busy, three splendid salmon, weighing respectively
271 b., 181 b., and 171 b. His royal highness had also, we
learn, exciting runs with four other fish. His visit Will
likely extend to Saturday.—Scotsman.
THE MINISTRY.—The Earl of Derby, the Right
Hon. the Chancellor of the Exchequer, and the other
members of the Cabinet will assemble in town early in th°
ensuing week.
Major-General the Hon. James Lindsay, no vi
commanding the troops in Canada, is expected to return
home early in the ensuing year, 'and will then succeed
Major-General Lord F. Paulet, C. 8., as Major-General at-
tached to the Foot Guards at headquarters.
STATISTICS OF PHOTOGRAPHY.—The rapid growth
of new and special industries is a fact so characteris-
tic of the present day, that the statistics of photography
can scarcely be regarded as wonderful, viewed merely as
question of economics.. Nevertheless, some of the facts are
sufficiently startling. Twentyyearsago one person claimed
the sole right to practise photography professionally in this
country. According to the census of 1861, the number of
persons who entered their names as photographers was 2,53 t
There is reason, however, to believe that these figures fat`
short of the real number ; since then it is probable the nom'
ber has been doubled or trebled, and that including throe
collaterally associated with the art it is even four or five times
that number. But those-figures fall short of the numbers
interested in photography as amateurs. We aro informed
that eight years ago, in establishing a periodical which has
since become the leading photographic journal, a large 013:
lishing firm sent out 25,000 circulars, not sown broadcasi,
but especially addressed to persons known to 13°,
interested in the new art science. The nu1311)8"
of professional photographers in the United States
is said to be over fifteen thousand, and a.proportionste
number may with propriety be estimated as spread oVer
continental Europe and other parts of the civilisd
But a more curious estimate of the ramifications of this in-
dustry may be formed by a glance at the consumption °f
some of the materials employed. A single firm in Lou
consumes, on an average, the whites of 20,000 eggs
in the manufacture of albumenised paper for photograPlil
printing, amounting to 600,000 annually. As it may b,
e
fairly assumed that this is but a tenth of the total arnoiler
consumed in this country, we obtain an 'average of 0
millions of inchoate fowls sacrificed annually in this Dell
worship of the sun in the United Kingdom alone ?
to this is added the far larger consumption of EilrQr
and America, which we do not attempt to put in figare'
the imagination is startled by the enormous total 10°i
tably presented for its realisation. In the absence °f
exact date, we hesitate to estimate the consumption
th. precious metals, the mountains of silver and way
ments of gold, which follow as matters of necessity
A calculation based on facts enables us to state, hoWeveti
that for every 20,000 eggs employed, nearly .1 ewt•
nitrate of silver is consumed. We arrive thus at an est:
mate of 300 cwt. of nitrate of silver annually used in this
country alone in the production of photographs. To ne:
scend to individual facts more easily grasped, we learn OP
the consumption of materials in the photographs of the
ternational Exhibition of 1862, produced by Mr. Englat),,,
for the London Stereoscopic Company, amounted r"
2,400 ounces of nitrate of silver, nearly 54 ounces of terell-
loride of gold, 200 gallons of albumen, amounting to the
whites of 32,000 eggs, and 70 reams of paper ; the issile
of pictures approaching to nearly a million, the
ber of stereoscopic prints amounting to nearly 800,00 v
copies. We have already glanced at the statistics of the
card portraiture of public men. Some estimate may easile
be formed of the industries stimulated or created 151 th
circulation of these and other photographs in cases, fortje„-1
fittings, and apparatus of various kinds. One house
and by no moans the largest among manufacturers, ha
issued little short of a million of albums for the card Plic;
tures. Stereoscopic pictures have had a circulation sii,j,
)
less than that of the portrait cards, and these as certateifJe
involve stereoscopes as cards involve albums. Acenrad
figures as to the exact extent of the various branches of
manufacture, arising solely out of photography, cannot,
course be obtained; but the facts already named are anw,
ciently suggestive.—British Quarterly Review.
HISTORY OF THE ROTHSCHILDS.—A contemporary
gives the following account of the rise of this great
family :—ln the Judengasse, where the patricians of Frani
fort penned up during centuries the Jews at the setting
h°
the sun, and where circulation was prohibited as in t
Ghetto of Rome, there was a small, dirty coffee-bon!'
Nathan Rothschild, the father, the creator of that adnc
able machinery, the flexible but sure working of 'Ol%
has been so often useful to sovereigns and governments
the brink of bankruptcy, used that smoky and dingy rcl°o
when he started as a pedlar. In 1775 you would have See
there a young hawker with glaucous and protuberant eYe'e
bony face, thin and spare limbs, carefully packing °I
haberdashery parcels which he lightly carried on his bser,
to both Hesses and the Palatine. Everything was minutely-
labelled and corded ; young Rothschild was practising tio
proverb, goods well kept up are almost sold. Holverrerr, t.,
little pedlar was as active as saving, and his trade'"
creased every day. He soon felt the want of an assiatsi'v
and he married a young girl, poor but beautiful, as tbe
Jewesses of Frankfort generally aro. At that time t t
far niente was not in that town, as now, one of the r(l°S.
sacred privileges of the fair sex, especially amongst 0(1
Israelites, and the young wife sold and bought on seelt
hand as actively and 'profitably as her husband. Tilc,
little stock of money swelled rapidly; the ability and pour,
tuality of young Nathan was noticed by the head roL,
chants, and more than once he acted as a mediumPc;
tween the bankers of Frankfort, Mayence, and Darmats
He bought the first house to be sold in the Judengass°';
in
it he began to extend his business ; he rose high in Dian
it he died. His sons took another house in the patr
Zeil, next door to the hotel of the Roman EinPeNtsr;
titles, blazons, decorations, poured on them, and no dour
they would have been created Kings of Cyprus or .1°;
salem had they had a liking for such crowns. But at 11,
beginning of the century, Nathan Rothschild, althaego
landlord of a house in the Frankfort Jewry, was °alto
third-rate merchant. A happy circumstance placed him,
the top of his guild. The commotion of the French
volution, which upset so many existences, destroyed f6ili
created so many princes and kings, had been felt also
10
Germany. The French were fast advancing, and Irrthe
was already dating his bulletins from Coblentz. sof e
small German Sovereigns, who had forgotten to fight si:-
the Thirty Years' War, did not think of opposing
vaders. Bishop-princes, palatines, dukes, and margrs'i.
all fell back upon the Elbe, carrying with them their vrTthe
eaten sceptres, and leaving their people to the mercy °rota
enemy. Among those illustrious runaways was the 0° 410
of Hesse-Cassel, whose Electorate breathed its last onf
the
same day and hour as the republic of Frankfort, ono 0, the
richest princes of Germany, and consequently one the
most perplexed and trembling. Taken aback 11
events, and unable to carry with him the whole of histo he
tune, he prudently divided it among a few people NO° ber
could rely upon. Nathan Rothschild was in the latntio be
and he received a deposit of two millions of florins 4
the
given back after the storm had passed away. Burgera
storm lasted twenty years, and meantime the young b 3
loa
contracted supplies for the French army, loans for flegroflt-
and Russia, lent money to the exiled princes, doing_Pdiefer-
able business with friends and foes with an equal it' ati-•
once, for by religion and politics he stood away fr°Triettsat
sanship. You know thb sequel. London, Paris, itiort ;
Naples became vassals of the Rothschilds of Frsalics
and now, oh human vicissitudes !—Frankfort has
low that ehe is but a tributary of the .Bank of Pruppia