The Sun.
London, England, 1866-04-19 00:00:00

Anthropological Society.

At the meeting of this society on Tuesday evening—Dr.
Hunt, the president, in the chair—a paper was read by Mr.
Bollaert on "'The Anthropology of theNewWorld." After
referring to the opinions entertained respecting the
peopling of America before it was discovered by Columbus,
and pointing out the relations between the ,inhabitants of
the Old and New Worlds, Mr. Bollaert took an elaborate
survey of the various races inhabiting the American conti-
nent, commencing with the Esquimaux and the posses-
sions of Russia, and proceeding southwards to Mexico and
Peru. Lithe resume of these considerations he observedthat

as we find nearly the same general arrangement of rocks in
the New World as in the Old, it is natural to conclude that
the continent of America bears an equally ancient date, and
has gone through analogous changes. The Old World, how-
ever, has its' greatest length from east to west, the New,
north and south, and the great mountain ranges also take
opposite directions. The fossil remains have great pecu-
liarities ; and the vegetable and animal creations of America
have very marked differences when compared with similar
creations in otherportions of the globe. Plants and animals,
it is generally considered, were created antecedently to man,
and when we examine the distribution of humanity in the
New World, and compare it with what is met with else-
where, we discover differences of such a character as to give
the idea that the red or copper-coloured man of America
came from other than one pair. He estimated the native
population of America, at the period of its discovery, at
100,000,000 ; at present there may be from 10 to 11,000,000.
They are said to have 480 languages and more than 2,000
dialects ; but all the languages of America are peculiar to
it. On comparing the Indians of America with the other
great species of men in the Old World, he came to the con-
clusion that there are not any remnants of a brown or
Asiatic race in America, nor any other remains than those
of the New-World man. Mr. Bollaert said that having
some years since collected and examined materials con-
cerning the history of America, particularly as to the ar-
chitecture of ancient Mexico, Central America, New Gra-
nada, and Peru, the languages spoken there, the arts, and
science, ho first came to the conclusion that in those re-
gions each nation showed a civilisation of its own, and
that other localities in there lands suppOrted tribes,
and even nations, as mere hunters in the wilder-
ness. This shadowed forth to him that the red
man of the New World was rather a distinct species,
or creation, when compared with the white man of Europe,
the brown of India, the black of Africa, and other groups
of men. The native of the New World, if investigated,
physically, mentally, and morally, is found to be governed
by special laws. Ho has his own climate,•his own aliment ;
his own diseases, which he knows how to alleviate and
cure ; but let him contract any of the European maladies,
the majority (especially small-pox) aro fatal to him, even
to the annihilation of whole nations. If we examine him
by crania and its contents, wo find, at least in the confor-
mation of the brain as compared to the European, a marked
difference. In the American Indian the anterior lobe is
small, and in the European it is large in proportion to the
middle lobe. Differences are also observed in the osteolo-
gical and physical characteristics 'when compared with the
white man. Looking also to their relative intellectual
capacities in the New World, in regard to religion, language,
numbers, pictorial writing, and even the invention of a
hieroglyphic alphabet, also to the architectural, we find
these peculiar to each of the several great nations, as also
in their computation of time, and the invention of their
various calendars and zodiacs. It appeared to him, in-
deed, that what we commonly called the semi-civilisation
of the people of America should rather be denominated
their own civilisation. Mr. Bollaert calculated by observ-
ing that the result of his inquiries led him to abandon the
monogenistic view and to adopt the hypothesis of separate
creations.
The Rev. Dunbar Heath, Mr. Mackenzie, and Mr. Carter
Blake took part in the discussion of the paper, in which the
latter combated the notion that tho animals of America
are of smaller size than those of the Old World ; with re-
spect to the insect creation especially, that was remarkably
he contrary.
The meeting then adjourned.

[ADVERTISEsiENT.]--Du Barry's delicious and health-
restoring Revalenta Arabica Food, which contains three
times the nourishment of the best meat, saves fifty times its
cost in other remedies, restores perfect digestion, strong
nerves, sound lungs, healthy liver, refreshing sleep, func-
tional regularity, and energy to the most disordered or en-
feebled, removing speedily and effectually indigestion (dys-
pepsia), habitual constipation, diarrhea, hemorrhoids, liver
compLiats, flatulency, nervousness, biliousness, fevers, sore
throats, catarrhs, colds, influenza, noises in the head and
ears, rheumatism, gout, impurities, eruptions, hysteria, neu-
ralgia, irritatAlity, sleeplessness, acidity, palpitation, heart-
burn, headache, debility, dropsy, cramps, spasms, nausea,
and sickness, sinking fits, coughs, asthma, bronchitis, inci-
pient consumption, scrofula, tightness of the chest, pains at
the pit of the stomach, between the shoulders, &c. Certi-
ficate No. 29,410. We find it the safest remedy. Andrew
Ure, ; Dr Harvey; Dr Wurzer ; Dr Sliorland ;
Dr Campbell. We quote a few out of the 62.0 0 cures : —Cure
No. 57,314. Tittenson - I cannot express my gratitude for
the benefit I have derived from Du Barry's food. My ap-
petite is perfectly restored, the pains in my leg, back, and
chest are quite gone, and I am fast gaining strength and
flesh. Mrs A. Owen.—Cure No. 54,812. Miss Virginia
Zeguers, cured of consumption, after her medical advisers
abandoned all hopes of recovery. - Cure No. 49,532. Of fifty
years' indescribable agony from dyspepsia, nervousness,
asthma, cough, constipation, flatulency, spasms, sickness at
the stomach, n.d vomiting. Maria doly, Northam, Ling, near
Diss, Norfolk.—Cure No. 47,121. Miss Elizabeth Jacobs, of
NazingVicarage,Waltham Cross, Herts. of extreme nervous-
ness, indigestion, gatherings, low spirits, and nervous fancies.
In tins, lib, 25 9d; 21b, 4s 6d; 51b, lls ; 121 b, 225; 241 b.
OlL—Barry Du Barry and Co., No. 77, Itegent-street, London;
also Phillips, lea dealers, 8, King William-street ; likewise
at 61, Gracechurch-street ; 4, Cheapside ; 49, Bishopsgate-
street Within ; 63, 150, and 298, Oxford-street ; 330, Strand ;
54, Upper Baker-street ; 103, Tottenham-court-road ; 96,
Upper-street, Islington, N.; Harvey, Notting-hill; Close
Brothers, 65, High-street ; and Stubbs, Queen's-terrace, St.
John's-wood, Loudon ; and all respectable grocers and clic-
wlstil.—Beware of spurious imitations.