The Sun.
London, England, 1832-08-29 00:00:00

LAFAYE FTE.

We have received a copy of a very remarkable work,
just published in Paris, entitled Lafayette, and the Re-
volution of 1830, by aM. B. Sarrans, who was La-
fayette's secretary. As its title suggests, it gives an en-
tire biography of the venerable General who has acted a
distinguished part in three revolutions; but its chief in-
terest hinges on the details which it supplies on the part
which he and his friends played in the last. Its nar-
rative of late events is so full, that it occupies the
whole of the second volume, with a considerable part of the
first, and so recent as to furnish us with the proceedings
of the movement party during and after the Paris insur-
rection of last June. Its disclosures have therefore all the
attractions of novelty, and, if authentic, will enable us
better to judge of the feelings and views of existing persons
and parties, than any contemporary work with which we
are acquainted.
M. Sarrans, attached to the person of Lafayette, whom
be almost idolizes, was a witness of all the great events of
the last revolution—was " a hero" himself of "the barri-
cades," was acquainted with the views and proceedings
both of the party who achieved the popular victory against
the Bourbons, and of that which turned it to the account
of the present dynasty,—was present at many of the coun-
cils which took place during and after the contest—was in-
formed by his friend and patron of the resolutions which
were formed, or of the speeches which were made, at
meetings to which he was not admitted ; and, in short,
may almost be regarded as the memoir writer of the vene-
rable revolutionist, telling all that the latter knows of re-
cent events, instead of being only his biographer.
Adopting zetlously the views and opinions of Lafayette,
Sarrans distributes praise or blame on the actors in
the late revolution according as they supported or opposed
the projects of his patron. Were Lafayette, or any of
his distinguished friends on whose knowledge and veracity
we could rely, to " set his seal" to the truth of this sin-
gular work, we should reckon it one of the greatest ac-
cessions to contemporary French history which has vet
appeared. We say this without having been able to 'de-
tect our author in any positive misrepresentations, but
merely because we have learnt generally to distrust French
party writers, especially of the extreme movement ; and
because this work is written with such undisguised pas-
sion, or such heated zeal, as totally to deprive it, in all
appearance, of the character of an impartial narrative.
M. Sarrans enters largely into the transactions which
took place among the Deputies during the three " glorious
days" of the insurrection. He describes the meetings
which they held on Tuesday, Wednesday, and Thursday
(the 27th, 28th, and 29th of July),—the steps which
they proposed to take,—the resolutions which they ac-
tually took,—and the motives and reasons of each. Even
before the Bourbon Guards had been driven from the ca-
pital, and before either party bad a revolutionary crown to
bestow, the diverging views of the two parties opposed to
the despotic ordinances of Charles X. had manifested
themselves. The one party, who had established their
bead-quarters at the Hotel de Ville, on the 29th, and who
had really hoisted the revolutionary flag, were for a repub-
Jic,...-the other, which met at the house of Laffitte, anti
which consisted of most of the liberal deputies in town,
was either for treating with the Bourbons, or inviting the
bake of Orleans to accept of the crown. M. Sarrans
belongs to that class of politicians who do not think a re-
public impossible in France, and his narrative confirms a
fact which we remember was reported at that time, but
which was imagined too absurd to be true—that a procla-
mation had been drawn up, announcing the forsoation of a
republic, with Lafayette as President.
The account given by our author of the correspondence
between M. Laffitte and the Duke of Orleans (now Louis
Philippe) during the last of " the glorious days "—of the
means which Laffitte employed to induce his Royal High-
ness to accept of the Crown,—and of the final interview
in the Palais Royal, at which he consented, is extremely
i'siteresting, and in some respects new, or but little known.
On Wednesday, M. Oudart, the private secretary of the
Duchess pf Orleans, carried a message from Laffitte to the
Duke to beware of the " nets of St. Cloud." His Royal
Highness slept, Lberefore, that night in a concealed kiosk
in his park at Neuilly, On Thursday, when the Bourbon
farces were defeated, a message was sent to his Royal
Ifighne4s, telling him, " he must choose between a crown
and a passport." He did not choose the passport, but
curse to Paris on Friday night, when his friends stole a
march on the party of the Hotel de Ville, and proposed a
proclamation, in which be was called to the office of
Lieutenant-General of the kingdom. It was on Saturday
morning that his consent was given to accept of the office,
and M. Sarrans states, that he was induced to come to such
a decision—by whom? Why, by Prince Talleyrand,
Times.

Mr. CHARLES A. DEANE, who has vo]un.
teered to explore the wreck of the Royal George, is de-
scended from Sir ANTHONY DEANE, who, in 1663, im-
proved the building of the 60 and 70 gun ships, and
whose son (the great great grandfather of the present ex-
perimentalist), in 1669, was sent to Moscow, to assist
PvrgE. the Great in the construction of a navy, and from
whom tome interesting communications will be found in
Pepy's Memoirs, vol. xi. Mr. DEANE, on Monday last,
descended in 11A- fathoms water, to inspect the Royal
George; he alighted on her, and immediately slung a
gun, but the purchase in his vessel (the Albion) was not
sufficient to hoist her up ; be then cleared a fisherman's
cable, the stone which had been used for an anchor having
got down what Mr. DEANE conjectured to be the main
hatchway. It having blown too hard on Tuesday and
Werintsday to enable him to do any thing, Mr. D. pro-
ceeded to Cowes, and in the presence of several distin-
guished visitors there, descended, and brought up two
baskets of stoocs„in.l other articles, to show the facility
witht bvitifoll le 'an manage himself under water. On
_Thursday he unbent a cutter's cable from her anchor, let
her adrift, and brought ffer anchor from the bottom of his
' own vessel. He II !mei" in at anchor over the Royal
etArres wreck ...110rire Tel4raph.
-t.

Ail A
fbi'*ult.

LONDON,
WEDNESDAY EVENING, AUGUST 29, 1832.

The King of HOLLAND has not yet sent an
answer to the last Note of the Conference, but
his Ambassador here states that his Royal
Master accepts twenty-one out of the twenty-
four Articles of the Treaty of the Conference,
and is willing to negotiate for the other three.
The Belgian Sovereign, however, refuses to
negotiate except on the basis of the preliminary
evacuation of Antwerp, and on this point the
King of HOLLAND has hitherto refused to
yield. His next communication, however, will
decide the course which the Conference are to

pursue.

Despatches were received last night by the
Portuguese Ambassador from Oporto, dated the
19th inst. They confirm the statement which
has been given of the continued enthusiasm of
the constitutional troops in favour of the cause
in which they are engaged, and the great exer-
tions of the EMPEROR in fortifying Oporto and
preparing the means of successful resistance in
the event of an attack by the troops of Doii
IVIIGUEL. It appears, however, that the cou-
rage and skill of the constitutionalists are not
likely to be put to the test by an attack upon
Oporto, for the new General appointed by MI-
GUEL had held a council, at which it was de-
termined not to follow up the plan of the former
General in this respect, the forces being unequal
to the attempt, and a retrograde movement was
ordered. It was intimated that as soon as rein•

forcements should arrive, an attack would be
made ; but this was considered a mere boast.

The Marquis of PALNIELLA will return to
Oporto to-morrow, accompanied by the Chevalier
de BARBOZA, the Secretary of the Legation
here, but who has been appointed Under-Secre-
tary of State by the Portuguese Regency. M.
de BARBOZA is a gentleman of high character
for talent and respectability, and has great expe-
rience as a diplomatist. The Marquis of PAL-
NIELLA returns to Oporto well satisfied with the
assurances of goodwill that he has received from
the British Government.

Again we revert to the question of Poland ;
and again and again will we revert to it, and
ring it, like an alarm bell, in the ears of the
public, till our Whig Ministers think fit to vin-
dicate the rights of humanity, and take some
prompt, decisive steps on the subject. As for
remonstrance, it is a perfect farce ; as well might
one remonstrate with an east wind for breathing
too roughly upon us, as with a monster like
NICHOLAS, who laughs all treaties to scorn,
and by whom the ordinary ties of humanity
that bind man to man are set at open defiance.
This wretch daily improves in his ingenuity
in inventing and perpetrating new atrocities.
His talents, in this respect, would do credit to
the old Spanish inquisition. Plain murder—.
rape—and massacre, are far too tame and com-
mon-place for his refined capacity. He has be-
come fastidious in his taste, and must stamp his
crimes with the most perfect originality, so that
all men, on hearing them, may be enabled to
say, " these are of the true NICHOLAS school; no
other tyrant now in existence has either the head
to conceive, or the heart to execute them." We
had thought the annals of tyranny, by this time,
pretty nearly exhausted, but whatever limits there
may be to Imperial virtue, there are none, it seems,
to Imperial enormity. For what is the Emperor
of RUSSIA'S latest act? Why, neither more
nor less than a plan to subdue Poland by de-
cimating her population, and striking at the
first instinct of natute by tearing children from
their parents' arms, and driving the houseless
heart broken little wretches, like a herd of cattle,
to Siberia, careless whether they live or die upon
the road. " The escort," say the German
Papers received by this day's post, " often
leaves behind the children who are too exhausted
to proceed, and sets by them bread for three
days, as the convoy cannot be detained.
Persons returning from Siberia have seen on
the road numbers of little human corpses
crouched together near the bread which the
poor things were unable to eat." Oh ! NERo,
what were thy atrocities compared to these ?
Oh ! Timoun, what was thy pyramid of human
skulls, bleached by the winds of Asia, com-
pared to this pile of " little human corpses,''
for every one of which a happy home
was made desolate, for every one of which
a mother's heart was broken ? Yet the fiend
who commands and chuckles over these atro-
cities, actually fancies himself a miracle of piety
and justice, insults Heaven by a Te Deum,
and prays " every night for the King of ENG-
LAND !" Out upon such sickening cant! It
is really less disgraceful to the fool who utters it,
than to the fools who believe it.

We call upon Government—upon our liberal
Whig Government, many of whom were in old
times the sworn friends of KOSClUSKO—prompt-
ly, boldly to come forward, and redeem human
nature from the stigma which the acts of NICHO-
LAS are daily and hourly casting upon it. We
call upon them to fling remonstrance to the
winds, and compel the CZAR, even at the
hazard of a war, to elevate himself to the
ordinary level of humanity. Often, too often,
have we rushed headlong into war upon points
of mere official etiquette ; and shall we now
shrink from doing so, in a case in which all
Ole best and dearest interests of humanity are
involved ? For the honour of the British cha-
racter, we hope not.

THE PRESENT STATE OF POLAND.

(From the Brunswick German National Journal.)

CONTINUATION.

It is true, indeed, that the ukase of the Monarch speaks
only of orphans, but according to the Russian definition,
an orphan is, Ist, one who has no father, though he pos-
sesses property; 2dly, one, both whose parents are still
living, but are not rich, unless the father has the rank of
an officer, or holds a civil employment of Arhatever class it
may be. In order to discover the orphans in this sense of
,he word, the Russian authorities took the following
course. District commissioners of circles in the provinces
called upon all those who need assistance for the support of
their children to appear before them, and inscribe their
names. A great number of indigent and distressed per-
sons stated to these authorities the number of their chil-
dren. Taking these lists for guides the officers took away
their children, under the pretext that the Emperor was
pleased to fulfil the wish of the parents, and to extend his
protection to their children. The privates and subalterns
of the veterans had all their sons taken from them ; and
those fathers who opposed this measure were put in chains,
and delivered to the tribunals to be punished for insubor-
dination. It must here be observed that the veterans in the
capital are all quite poor; the man has his balanceof pay and
his quarters, and his wife employs herself in washing; both
have honest employment, and send their children to school.
It happened. that a subaltern officer who lived in the su-
burbs, and possessed a small house and freedom, had his
son taken from him. The petition which he addressed to
Prince Paskewitsch was answered with a refusal. The
distressed parents having then implored him on their
knees, and shed tears, to restore their son, he answered,
" You have a small property, but the Emperor has a mil-
lion times as much, he will, therefore, be able to give your
son a better education." On the 18th of May, boys who
went about to sell sand, matches, flowers, and small wares,
and the like, were taken up in the streets of Warsaw.
Each of those boys was in the class of the boys wandering
in the streets. The boys thustaken up were delivered over
to the police, and then sent to the Alexander's barracks,
where they had their heads shaved, soldiers' cloaks put on
them, and then driven to Russia. As far as to the frontiers
of the kingdom they rode in waggons, but after that they
had to walk. An eye-witness states that of the first
four hundred and fifty-six children, scarcely one hundred
sand fifteen reached Bobrojuk ; the remainder had either
erished on the road, or had been left in the Russian
hospitals ; only the elder ones had arrived at Robrojok, but
they were in a desperate condition, full of vermin, and
their heads covered with a contagious corruption, so that
it was necessary to put them all in the hospitals of that
town. We must not omit to observe that the children of
their description are of great use to their parents in War-
saw. The father generally gains something with his axe
or his saw ; the mother goes out to washing, charing,
garden work. &c. The child while little remains at home,
and when it grows bigger goes to certain fixed houses
with sand, &c., by which it may easily gain two Polish
florins (about one shilling) daily. In this manner accus-
ti ming himself to work, the boy grows up to be a strong
day labourer, or an honest pedlar.
On the 19th of May all the boys were taken from the
parochial schools, then those from the schools of the !raja-
sienaries, as well as from the district schools.
From the corps of cadets at Kalisch, only the poor chil-
dren have been taken from the others. The order to

remove the children from the villages of the count' y, which
is already so depopulated, has caused a loss which is very
sensibly felt.
In the but of the agricultural labourer the grown-up
children used to take care of the younger ones, to feed the
cattle, and to carry their meals to their parents working in
the fields ; and it may, therefore, be said with truth, that in
Poland there are no orphans, for the peasant brings up,
supports, and clothes the orphans like his own children with-
out distinction, as he derives advantage from both. As-
counts have already been received of insurrections of the
peasants, who, in consequence of this measure fly into
the woods and arm themselves with axes, because fire-arms
are prohibited in the whole country. All this is nothing
compared with the dragging many of the children of both
sexes from the provinces of Lithuania, Volhynia, Podolia,
and the Ukraine; their clothing is not thought of; the
greater part of the victims driven to the interior of Rus-
sia die of misery, hunger, and fatigue, especially if there
are steppes to be passed. With every convoy of poor chil-
dren, there are only some kilbkas for the provisions ; and
the smallest with whom the waggons are so crowded, that
in case one of them falls sick, no means remain but to
kill it or to abandon it in the steppes. Those mothers who
would not leave the children, carry in compassion two or
three of the littleones, but they, too, are unable to afford them
sufficient relief. The escort often leaves behind the chil-
dren who are too exhausted to proceed, and sets by them
bread for three days, as the convoy cannot be detained.
Persons returning from Siberia have seen on the road num-
bers of little human corpses crouched together near the
bread which the poor things were unable to eat. Some-
times it happens that a succeeding convoy of exiled Polish
children picks up by the way those that it finds alive. The
Polish heroes, loaded with chains, have been seen to carry
on their backs the little ones so found. When the convoy
passes through parts where the Jews are allowed to live,
the Cossacks and Barkkirs sell the poor children to them,
when their mothers are not present. Many of them they
give away to the Russian peasants, as the object is thereby
also obt ,fined. For nights' lodgings for those convoys
what are called clapy, are prepared at distances of 20 to 25
miles, in the steppes. This is a hut and cartshed,
surrounded by a ditch palisade, with a cossack sentinel.
The prisoners and children sent to Siberia are driven into
the cartshed and the yard, without changing the straw on
which they lie, which may at least be compared to chaff,
and swarms with vermin.

In those nests of contagion, many children die during
the night, and the others carry away with them the germs
of disease.

(To be continued.)
—Allgenzeine Zeitung, Aug% 22, and Supplement.

Two Parliamentary papers have been pub-
lished, one containing the Constitutional Char-
ter of the Kingdom of Poland as given by the
Emperor ALEXANDER on the 27th November,
1815, which concludes with the following re-
mark of the AUTOCRAT:--
" Believing in our conscience that the present Consti-
tutional Charter answers to our paternal views, which
have for their object the preservation among all classes of
our subjects of the kingdom of Poland of peace, concord and
union, which are so necessary to their well-being, and the
consolidation of that happiness which we desire to
procure for them ; we have given and give to them
the present Constitutional Charter, which we adopt for
ourselves and our successors: we enjoin moreover all the
public authorities to contribute to its execution.
" Given in our Royal Palace of Warsaw, the 15 (27th)
November, 1815.
(Signed) " ALEXANDER."

The other paper is a copy of the memorable
Manifesto of the 26th February, 1832,
and of the organic statute to which it
refers, concluding with an extract of a de-
spatch from Lord HEYTESBURY, in which
his Lordship very properly says, that " the
new organization" is, in point of fact, a
new Constitution ! So much for the conscience
of the successor of ALEXANDER !

If we have room to-morrow we shall publish
these authentic documents, which have already
appeared in an imperfect state.

An express has been received this morning
from Paris, bringing the papers of Monday, and
also private letters. The papers contain very
little news of political interest. They mention
that a secret treaty between France and Belgium
has been positively entered into during the stay
of King LEOPOLD at Compiegne, by which
France promises to assist King LEOPOLD with
an army of 100,000 men, should Holland at-
tempt an invasion. This news had created
some sensation on the Bourse. A change of
Ministry will certainly take place before the
Chambers assemble, and a new creation of Peers
will follow. The constant conferences between
the ambassadors of Spain, Austria, and Russia,
have excited the attention of Marshal SOULT,
as some foul intrigues are, no doubt, upon the
tapis. The latest intelligence received from
Oporto is up to the 22d. At that time Don
PEDRO was strongly intrenched in the environs
of that city. A large supply of corn had arrived
from France, and the troops were in excellent
spirits, as a strong reinforcement was daily ex-
pected from Brest, principally composed of
Poles, who will form the cavalry, large con-
tracts for horses having been entered into in
the Lemousin for that purpose. Admiral
SARTORIUS'S squadron was off the Bar, and
the troops of the Usurper had retreated on the
road to Aviero. Private letters from Madrid
mention, that the most abominable intrigues
were carried on between CALOMARDE and the
Apostolic party to overthrow the Count D'AL-
CUDIA, whose system of non-interference with
Portugal in favour of Don MIGUEL has given
much displeasure to the Austrian Ambassador
and the Princess de BEIRA ; and it was gene-
rally feared that their influence would predominate
over the weak-minded FERDINAND, as he has
secretly expressed himself desirous of assisting his
nephew, were it not that it might involve him in
war with England and France. It was
rumoured at Madrid that a movement had
taken place in Catalonia in favour of the Con-
stitutional cause, and that a constant correspon-
dence was kept up with the refugees in France.
Paris continued perfectly tranquil, and the
cholera was daily decreasing. The funds were
pretty steady. A number of Polish officers
were recruiting for Don PEDRO.
The Constitutionnel enters into a long inquiry
into the state of Ireland, from which it draws the
following conclusions :

" Ist, That Ireland cannot separate itself from England
by violence; 2d, That a separation would be prejudicial
to the development of its civilisation and riches; 3d, That
it is not the interest of England to possess it as a colony,
but to admit it as amintegral part of herself to a partici-
pation in all social advantages ; and, 4th, That it is
by progressively removing the evils originating in
its former vicious system of government that the
lot of the inhabitants will be ameliorated.
The principal causes of these evils it states
to be the agglomeration of the territorial property in
the exclusive possession of a few patrician families, and
corporations, and in mortmazn, the over increase of a po-
pulation which no longer bears a just proportion to the
means of labour and subsistence, the deficiency in the ca-
pital necessary for the development of an agriculture
greatly in arrear, and finally, the enormity of the ecclesi-
astical taxes weighing down a population which, poor in
itself, thus finds itself compelled not only to provide for the
hierarchy of its own religion, but to supply food to the
luxury and opulence of the clergy of another faith.
FRENCH FUNDS, PARIS, A. 27.—Five per Cents. 98f. 90c. 85c.
95c. 85C. 90c. 85c. 90c. 85c. 90c. 98f. 85c. 80e. 75c. 80c. 75c. Loan
of HO, 100f.i Four per cents. Inf. 75c. Three her

Cents. 68f. 95c. 90c. 69f. 68f. 95c. 90c. Me. ; National Loan,
99f. 10c. 15c.; Bank Actions, 1660 f. 1655 f. ; Rente de Naples,
8 ff. ; Roman Five per Cents., 80 ; Rente d'Espagne, 11% 3C ;
Royal Spanish Loan, 78 y, ; Rente Perpetuelle d'Espagne, 57%
57% %; Belgic Loan, 77% ; Haitian Loan, 200 f. 195 f.
Exchange on London, one month, money, 25f: 75c. ; three months,
paper, 25f. 65c. ; money, 25f. 60c.—Cours Authentique.

It is not unnatural for men to feel angry with
one who has thwarted plans long cherished, and
defeated the cause of friends, long advocated ;
but continually to decry the conduct, and im•
pugn the motives of the party who has so
mortified us, although his mind may be so en-
dowed, and his character may stand so high, as to
compel us to say, " we admire his talents, and
are proud of him as a fellow-countryman," would
augur a degree of weakness which would draw
down upon us the ridicule of our opponents
and the pity of our friends. Such, however, is
the conduct of the Morning Post, and
such is the testimony it is compelled to bear to
a character, the splendour of which one would
think would set calumny at defiance. But
light is lost upon the blind ; they may indeed,
so to speak, feel its brilliancy through their
darkened orbs, but the sensation will be one of
pain, and all benefit of its useful properties is
lost to them. The Post of this morning has a
long article devoted to proving—God bless the
mark—that the LORD CHANCELLOR is actuated
solely by a love of patronage in desiring to keep
up the Court of Review, and merge in it the
Insolvent Debtors' Court, which, the Post says,
will be useless in a year, because an Act will be
passed to do away with Imprisonment for Debt.
We heartily hope that such an Act may be
passed, and thus leave the Insolvent Debtors'
Court free. We will suppose it to be
so, and that is placing the question on
the best footing for our contemporary's argu-
ment. All that the CHANCELLOR says is,
" There is an instrument already in existence,
which I think may be turned to a useful pur-
pose." The Post says that the Court must die,
and the Judges be pensioned off; but Lord
BROUGHAM wishes to try whether they may
not be made useful. If it should turn out at
the end of a year or so that they cannot,
why then it will be time enough to pen-
sion them for doing nothing. But, says our
contemporary, the VICE-CHANCELLOR could
do the duties of the Court of Review, which
thus might be abolished as well as the Insolvent
Debtors' Court, did not the LORD CHAN-
CELLOR desire to keep the patronage of the two
Courts, which, as he will be CHANCEL-
LOR for life, must pass through his hands.
We put aside the experience we have had of the
dealings of the Court of Chancery with bank-
ruptcy business—we put aside all argument
founded upon character and gentlemanly feeling,
and come at once to what our contemporary
better understands,—the pounds, shillings, and
pence of the question. The Court of Review
affords patronage, the Post says, to the
extent of 12,0001. per annum. The Judges of the
Insolvent Debtors' Court do not, we believe,
receive amongst them 6,0001. per annum. This
makes, we will say, 18,0001. per annum ; but
as the Judges of the Court of Review are all,
we believe, younger, certainly none of them
much older, than the CHANCELLOR, it is very
unlikely that any considerable portion of this
patronage will fall vacant during his lifetime.
Let us now look to the other side of
the account. The patronge which Lord
BROUGHAM'S last Bill will abolish in the
Court of Chancery amounts to upwards
of 31,0001., most of it held by men older
than himself, so that there would be every pro-
bability of his having ere long to dispose of it
amongst his friends. This is independent of
some offices, now actually vacant, worth 3,0001.
or 4,0001. per annum, which are filled pro
tempore by the CHANCELLOR'S brother, and
upon resigning which he is to receive no pen-
sion. These are facts which are sufficient to
satisfy any parties not as fond of running
their heads against stone walls as our contem-
porary, that the charge against the CHANCEL-
LOR, of being actuated by a love of patronage,
is ridiculous, is absurd. Perhaps the time may
not be far distant when the Post will have good
reason to be assured that the CHANCELLOR'S
conduct is influenced by far higher motives than
fall within the contemplation of a writer whose
whole life has been spent in glossing over cor-
ruption, and defending the purity of a Govern-
ment resting upon patronage.

There are those amongst our contemporaries
who have the great happiness of knowing so
little about the matters upon which they write,
that they are utterly unconscious of defeat. Their
arguments are continually refuted ; but they,
nevertheless, persist in bringing them forward,
as if nothing had ever been said in answer to
them, The advertisers of quack medicines are
every day exposed, but every day they sound
forth the praises of their nostrums, and verily, by
thus much speaking, continually find some few
who, being as simple as said quacks are knavish,
are taken in by them. Far be it from us to impute
any thing but ignorance to our indefatigable friend
the Morning Herald, who six times in the week
tires us with a dozen such sentences as this—" We
think that it may easily be shown that those na-
tions or states which have entered into commer-
cial treaties with us—which are by our modern
theorists improperly termed reciproeal—have
taken advantage of the want of protection which
ought to have been strictly preserved to our na-
tive interest in those disgraceful treaties which
entirely shut out British shipping from a fair
competition with theirs." It is utterly impossible
that the writer of the above, which is to be found
in the city article of this day's Herald, can ever
have read the treaties he speaks of so familiarly.
What were the treaties intended to effect,
and what have they effected ? We were
arrangementi we per-
suadedh
feoir
rformerly in the habit of charging foreign vessels
much higher dues upon entrance into our ports
tihla nis wwe foreigners
aa
very
vger dy
anudopvtoatnno t ourag e o own,u whilst
h
charges
our lshipsst
in
ports higher duties than they did their own.
us, and we did right in maintaining it as long
as we could ; but when foreigners began to see
that we derived as much benefit frurn
trading

with them as they did from trading with us,
they naturally thought these discriminating duties
on our part unfair. Several of the Northern
Powers threatened if they were not re-
moved, to place discriminating duties upon
our vessels in their ports. If, under these
circumstances, we had foolishly resolved
to abide by our discriminating duties,
no doubt advantageous as long as we could
exclusively maintain them, and suffered foreign-
ers, as we must have done, to impose discrimi-
nating duties upon our ships in their ports, it is
clear, that even if they had been no higher than
those which we levied upon them, we should
have been losers, because the number of our
ships entering their ports was greater than the
number of their ships entering our ports. We
therefore entered into treaties with them by which
it was mutually agreed not to levy discriminating
duties. These are the reciprocity treaties our
contemporary makes so great an outcry about ;
and their operation is now so well understood,
that when some simple gentleman, whose read-
ing does not extend beyond the Herald,
parrots forth its rant in the House of
Commons, the majority of the Members laugh,
or, if the honest man promises to be long,
quietly walk up to BELLAMY'S to dine, or
otherwise profitably dispose of themselves. All
we entreat of our contemporary is to read the
treaties he is so in the habit of abusing, for we can
assure him that, strange as he may think it, there
really is some truth in SWIFT'S observation in
the Tale of a Tub, that a man writes the
better upon a subject for understanding it.

The following are extracts from Brussels
Papers of the 26th
:
BRUSSELS, Avc. 28.—The deputation from the ma-
gistrates of Ghent had an audience of their Majesties
yesterday. Princess Bagrathion arrived yesterday at the
Hotel de Belle Vue, with a suite of seventeen persons, and
arrived at the palace of Laekin. -The Government has
received news of the arrival of Baron de Loie at Vienna.
Ile had not yet had an audience of the Emperor. A cou-
r:er from Vienna brought to the office of Foreign Affairs
a letter from the Emperor of Austria, i❑ answer to that
written to him by King Leopold. M. de Muelenaire im-
mediately waited on his Majesty. Two English Cabinet
messengers, sent this week with despatches for the Hague,
could not pass the frontiers. One has returned to Brus-
sels—the other took the way of Louvain, :Vannes, and
Aix la Chapelle, to enter Holland on that side. Viscount
M. Vilani XIV. set out yesterday for Rome, as Envoy Ex-
traordinary to the Holy See.

General Romana has been extremely ill, and for four
days the physicians suffered nobody to have access to him.
We learn to-day that he is much better. The contingent of
the Province of Bruges to the levy of 30,000 men, ar-
rived in that city on the 24th.—Brussels Papers,
August 26.

FUNERAL OF THE REV. DR. ADAM

CLARKE.-(THIS DAY )

This morning the remains of this eminent and celebrat-
ed Divine were committed to their kindred dust. At
twelve o'clock, notwithstanding the wetness of the day, a
very large congregation had assembled in the City-road
Chapel, to witness the faneral. A little before one the
body arrived, accompanied by the deceased's two sons,
and other relatives, as mourners. At the door of tke cha-
pel, it was received by the Rev. Mr. Entwisel, and all
the other ministers in the metropolis belonging to the de-
nomination of Christians called Methodists. The former
Rev. Gentleman read the service for the dead in a very
impressive manner, and afterwards delivered a short but
very appropriate address, in the course of which he stated
that he had been honoured with the friendship of the de-
ceased for upwards of 45 years. The body was then carried
to the grave which was prepared for it. It was intended
that he should have been buried in the vault, alongside of
the great founder of the sect, the Rev. John Wesley ; but
the Board of Health interdicted that, no persons who die of
cholera being all nved to be put in vaults. The Rev.
Doctor was in his 73d year.

THE MARKETS.-(TIIIS DAY.)

CORN EXCHANGE.

The arrivals this week are small, and of Flour very scanty
In consequence of the weather being so very wet, Wheat has
ri en 2s. per quarter in value. Barley unvaried. Beans and
Pease as our last. For good sweet Oats the damand was limited,
and they cannot be reported any lower. Flour is not higher.
- - -

ARRIVALS.

Wheat.
English
Irish
Foreign 940

I
Barley: Oats. I Flour.
17 qrs. 2,605 qr 9. I 15411 sacks,
3,32,i I ---.—
I --- brie.

CHOLERA MORBUS, OFFICIAL REPORT.

CENTRAL BOARD OF HEALTH.
COUNCIL OFFICE, WHITEHALL.—(THIS DAY.)
DAILY REPORT of CHOLERA CASES.
COUNTRY.
Remaining at last Report, 2749—New Cases,losl—Deaths,33s.
Recovered, 611—Remaining, 2854. Total Cases since the com-
mencement, 42,222—Deaths, 15,451.
(Signed) WM. MA C LEA N, Secretary.

FALMOUTH, MONDAY MORNING, SEVEN
o'cr.ocK.—The Elizabeth, Lieutenant Scorr, arrived last
night from Vera Cruz and the Havannah ; she left the
former place on the 14th of July, and the latter on
the Ist of August. Vera Cruz was in a very disturbed
state. General SANTA ANNA had been out to meet the
Deputies from the Government, but could not succeed
in coming to any definite arrangement, and had re-
turned back to Vera Cruz the day the packet left. The un-
settled state of affairs prevented the merchants at
Mexico from sending home their remittances, and about
2,000,000 of dollars are now ready to be sent home as
soon as they can be conveyed in safety to Vera Cruz.
Tampico had declared for SANTA ANNA, and an expedi-
tion had been forwarded to take possession of Sato la
Marina: the result was unknown when the packet left.
Although General SANTA ANNA was a great favourite, it
was not expected he could stand out much longer, but
would be obliged to yield to the terms offered him. All
was quiet at the Havannah, and the new Governor,
RICAFORTE, was very much liked. The Elizabeth
brought several passengers, but no freight. The
Hermes has just made signal for sailing to Oporto
and Lisbon. There are several passengers going out
in her connected with the houses in the wine trade. It
was generally reported that the Marquis of PALDIELLA
Don PEDRO, which will be
would arrive at Falmouth in time to sail in the Hermes,
nhnwpao
rah
os
mnicdce
euh lw 0
produced
brought
Bp
dlnl
toc
wßyee
novelty
o Gs
lht
tnh
ye
dispatches
eaTawnl
ne
Hftpht E
iaa
eo
Act
cn
ceef T
pieces,
B,olr
sai
mvie
ioE
which
THEATRE.--Mrs
passed
s.nedt.
The New Hope is just come up the harbour from Oporto,
but the report is incorrect.
ulgsFhttalil,mb
yo
consequently
hi
e,
ce ioglioi
mt Colombia.
o'clock,_
bring
e
forwarded by express to London. The African steamer
is just come to anchor from Malta, with several passen•
gers, but I am not aware of her bringing any news.
the Coburg, seems to seek help from the best source--
namely, of
theO nordeiaolndoafy be
ap-
probation by a house well attended. " The Wardock
Kennilson," and " The Devil and Tom Walker," were
most cordially received, and, their repetition being an-
nounced, were greeted with immense applause. In addi-
tion to which, the motley group of patches and fun, have
been engaged. Messrs. ELLAR (as Harlequin), PAULO
(as Clown), and BARNES (as Pantaloon). The company
was previously possessed of a Columbine sufficiently
known, Mrs. SEARLE. The Pantomime of The Harle-
quin Silver Penny has been selected as the medium of
this host of tWent, of agillity, and drollery ; but it mat-
ters little about the name of the piece, their appearance is
sufficient to warrant approbation.
A gentleman who has recently travelled in
Spain, in the country formerly the scene of WELLING-
TON'S glory, describes the cities of Salamanca and Ciudad
Rodrigo as not at all improved since the English troops
left in 1813 ; on the contrary they have retrograded; these
towns and their vicinities are filled with wretchedness,
poverty, and much discontent. The present summer is
remarkably hot, and the harvest is very productive. With
regard to Portugal, he describes the inhabitants as most
indifferent as to the result of the present contest between
PEDRO and Micuar.; in general they are in favour of des-.
potisiq. The merchants and the commercial men are for
the Constitutional system, but the church and lower orders
ire for the absolute sway of Minurt....- Hampshire
Telegraph.

BANKRUPTCY COURT.-(THIS DAY.)

MR. MABERLY'S BANKRUPTCY.

A meeting fur auditing the accounts, and for proof of
debts, was held this day before Mr. Commissioner Fon-
blanque. A great number of small debts were proved,
but nothing of any public interest occurred.