The Sun.
London, England, 1866-04-05 00:00:00

THE SUN, LONDON, THURSDAY EVENING, APRIL 5, 1866.

vigorous promptitude for preserving the peace on Cow mons can walk among them unarmed," he is
St. Patrick's-day. The New York Herald asserts
that the Government intends preparing a flying
squadron for duty on the British North Amerieaa
coast. The reasons assigned for this movement
are the assembling of the British West India fleet
at Halifax, the Fenian movements, and the effect
of the termination of the Reciprocity Treaty on the
American fisheries. We may accept this intelli-
gence with some reserve, seeing that it involve&
some contradictory elements. The Reciprocity
Treaty has been terminated by the Americans
themselves against the wishes of the Canadians,
and unless they intend to make the fisheries a cams
belli they can hardly intend so active a demon-
stration on the coasts before any differences have
arisen. The assembling of the British West India
fleet at Halifax is so perfectly legitimate and com-
prehensible that the Americans might as well resent
the martial preparations of the Canadians. About
the Fenians the Washington Government have
given themselves so very little trouble that it is
scarcely likely they would suddenly take such very
active measures when the crisis is believed to be

introducing quite an erroneous element into the dis-
ec Lssion of the matter.

It is quite a relief to turn to the more amusing
passages in this speech, in which the hon. member
for Birmingham speaks of the judgment of
posterity in the style of exegi monumentum.
"At this moment I recrarl Earl RUSSELL,
Mr. GLADSTONE, their colleagues, and the
members of Parliament who support"them, I re-
gard them all as men to whom history will point
its finger in future times and say ' These were
really the statesmen of their day.' " It is as well to
be prepared for the worst, and therefore Mr.
BRIGHT thinks that if the Tory party comes into
office they will plunge the country into the horrors
of an European war in order to avoid settling Re-
form ; and besides there is America, and we should
find ourselves at war with the great Republic on the
American Continent. Really, it speaks very badly
for Mr. BRIGHT'S judgment that he is led
to discourse after this extravagant fashion :
" I would not trust this Tory party—their annals
for the last hundred years have been annals of
calamity of this country. To them we owe mostly
what there is of ignorance and brutality, and of the
abject poverty that is spread among the lowest and
most hopeless class in the kingdom. If there is
one thing more to be admired in the present state
of politics than another it is the improvement that
has taken place in the language and demeanour of
public men. The days are gone by when rancorous
hostility characterised all who belonged to the dif-

past.
The American internal intelligence is unimpor-
tant. The principal feature is the report that the
PRESIDENT intends to veto the Civil Rights Bill.
Having fairly declared war against the Radicals, he
will no doubt maintain his ground. Having, as his
predecessor used to say, put down his foot, he is not
the man to retreat from his position. The required
information respecting Mexico has been laid before
the House of Representatives, and it contains some
extravagant statements respecting
NAPOLEON'S in-
tentions, which will probably be accepted both here
and in America very dolibtfully. The Lean Bill
had been passed with amendments, and the general
aspect of domestic affairs is tranquil and satisfac-
tory.

ferent sections of party. But Mr. BRIGHT 15
quite impervious to improvement in this respect.
He is as rabid and perverse as any of the most
benighted Tories of the old times he reprobates,
and he may rest assured that no Reform Bill of
the most extensive and comprehensive kind could
do any permanent good if class was against class,
as he desires they should be. Mutual respect and
goodwill are the only things that can make a
country prosperous and happy, and without their
influence all other advantages of wealth and power
will drive all away, because jealousy and mistrust
will undermine their stability and mar their ex-
cellence.

If talking could effect an object in view certainly
icne
ge , a fnodr
phreeiaschpienrg-
Mr. BRIGHT
petually at work, mustaringfuialingib,llyectsuure
on his subject Last night a public meeting was held
at Rochdale, and the hon. member spoke at some
length, though not so long as usual. The other
speakers seemed to be trying to make the best of
things, but not to be able to steer successfully be-
tween the difficulties in their way. One one hand
they were evidently disappointed that the new Re-
form Bill did not go far enough ; and on the other
they were determined to protest against the course
of those who oppose the measure. Mr. POTTER,
M.P., was at any rate plain-spoken when he declared
that " there could be no doubt that the most
serious danger the bill was threatened with was oc-
casioned by treason in the Liberal ranks rather than
by Tory opposition." This is very true, and all who
knew anything of the condition of the Liberal party
were aware that there would be great difficulty in
passing a measure which would meet with a unani-
mous support, especially if it were introduced by
those at the head, or even nominally so, of the
party. It is this which made the conduct of Earl
RUSSELL in 1857 so very blameable, and showed that
he was not really sincere about Reform. Mr. BRIGHT
is deserving of the same censure for the course
which he pursued, and while he is going about from
place to place during this Easter recess, those who
take a retrospective glance at his career may find
that this is the second time he is playing the same
game. On this last occasion Mr. BRIGHT seemed
very much disposed to compliment himself and the
, Government also for having taken his advice re-
specting the framing of the measure of Reform now

submitted to Parliament. As for Mr. BRIGHT it will
not matter very much one way or the other, because
h. will be al-An to rairckneralf hxr PTproicaintv hist

persons and things in general ; but we very much
question if the Ministers will find cause to rejoice
at the step they have taken in conformity with the
advice of their new ally. Already we find that the
hon. member's ingenuity has extricated him in some
degree from the awkwardness of the " position."
He regrets to see that the Government have not
implicitly followed his directions, but still great
allowance must be made for their difficulties; and
in the eagerness and excitement of this struggle,
Mr. BRIGHT goes so far as to admit that they may
see objections which he and his friends do not
see. This is quite a new state of things, and we
hope it may continue ; but it is to be feared that
this moderation has only been adopted for the
nonce, and will disappear when the emergency is
over.

One thing we may always predicate of a speech
of Mr. BRIGHT'S upon any domestic question, and
that is, that he will abuse the Tory party right and
left with earnest goodwill and hearty spirit. Mr.
POTTER spoke more truly than the leader of whom
he said he was content to remain the " trumpeter,"
when he attributed to the division of the Liberal
party the ill-success of schemes of Reform ; but
Mr. BRIGHT thinks otherwise, and was at great
pains to explain his views for the hundredth time.
Indeed the main object of his speech last
night was to heap abuse on the Tory
party, as Mr. BRIGHT persistently calls them.
He said very little as to the intrinsic merits of this
measure, or as to the benefits which would accrue
from it, for his whole time and thoughts were
directed to the consideration of the delinquencies of
the Opposition. In the first place, Mr. BRIGHT,
declared that the Tory party exhibited more than
" usual depravity" in opposing this scheme, because
their own measure in 1859 went some way in the
same direction; and Mr. DISRAELI held out the
hope that if it were allowed to get into committee
the reduction of the Borough Franchise would
be considered. Why, then, we may well
ask, did Mr. BRIGHT fight so hard that
it never should reach the committee, and what
would he have said to have been told that he was
exhibiting more than usual depravity in thwarting
alt efforts to have a Reform Bill ? We learn from
Mr. BRioirr's reading of the riddle that they were
thus prompted by love of place. As to their op-
posing this measure, on which he has set
the stamp of his approval, they are factious to the
very last degree. Mr. BRIGHT works himself up into
such a state of patriotic zeal and virtuous indigna-
tion that the ordinary forms of polite society are
quite forgotten, and his language is not -fettered by
any restraint which good sense and good taste
If it be not this, he says, it is
might interpose.
"something, perhaps, if not more immoral, more sel-
fiandmore stupid, because it is this manifestation
of a desperate resolve that they will never consent
to any public extension
of Pc:
people of the United Kingdom."
political
c a apart freedom
fthe
people the to te
great impropriety of such terms,
reason of them, because Mr. where is the
B
friends would have beenFIGHT and his
very indignant had
people continued their opposition to th
Reform Bill with a "manifestation" that they did
e DERBY
not want Reform at all in this generation. Really
it would be much more to the purpose if Mr. BRIGHT
would keep to the subject before him, instead of fly-
ing off in tangents after this
fashion about extrane-
, ous things. Mr. BRIGHT takes c, view of
I_ the subject altogether by persisting in.
a wrong
question of reform with allusions to agitationb.n gu;patnhde
when he exclaims indignantly that even those who
vilify the working ciamee most in the House of

CORRESPONDENCE FROM PARIS.

(FROM OUR OWN CORRESPONDENT.)
PARIS, Wednesday Evening.
There is nothing to-day in the Moniteur about
Germany, or, indeed, any political news ; but the
Constitutionnel, quoting from the Gazette de Vienne,

says that the text of the note presented on the part
of Austria, by Count Karolyito M. de Bismark,

proves distinctly that Austria " repudiates all idea
of an aggressive policy."
A grand dinner has been given by M. Drouyn
de I'Huys, the Minister of Foreign Affairs, to the
Prince Royal of Denmark. About 80 diplomatists
and other persons of distinction were present. The
Prince sat at the right of Madame Drouyn de

l'lluys, and the Minister had at his right the Princess
Augusta Bonaparte and Gabrelli. In spite of the
presence of the Prince, the dinner was not a mere
formal one, but much gaiety and animation pre-
vailed.

On Monday evening, information having been
given to the Commissary of Police, that for several
days a man, 65 years old, who lived in a state of
great misery in the Avenue du Bel Air, St. Maude,
near Paris, had not been seen by his neighbours,
that officer proceeded to the place, and the door was
forced open. On a bed of straw, covered with dirty
rags, lay the body of the old man, who, it appeared,
had died of apoplexy. From inquiries made, it seems
that for years the deceased was by everybody sup-
posed to be in great misery and poverty. He lived
only upon bread and remnants of cheese, and other
refuse. In money only 2 francs and 8 sous were
found in the room, but, in an old piece of furniture,
wrapped up in rags, were found railway shares and
other genuine securities, representing a capital of
no less than 480,000 f., or more than £19,000. It is
not known whether the wretched miser has left any
relatives. No will has been found, and in the mean-
time seals have been placed upon the property. The
furniture is not worth a pound.
'The Abbe Lequette, formerly Vicar-General of
Arras, has been appointed Bishop of Arras, in the
room of M. Parisis, whose death I announced at the
time.

At the Court of Assize for the Department of the
Var, held at Draguignan, a man named Jean
Bousquet was tried for the murder of Jean Hugony.
It was known to the whole town that Hugony was
criminally intimate with the prisoner's wife. The
prisoner had told a witness that he suspected the
fact, and said that if he found it to be true he
would kill Hugony or Hugony should kill him.
On Monday the 23d of October, the pri-
soner intended to go to the fair of Bargenan.
His wife advised him to go the previous evening,
upon the plea that this would give him the oppor-
tunity of seeing one of their children, who was a
servant at a farm on the road. The prisoner was

There are two great social and domestic griev.
antes at the present day which might, at first sight
appear to uninitiated spectators to partly cure each
other. There is a growing demand for profitable
and suitable employment for women of all grades,
and there is, on the other hand, an ever-increasing
want of respectable female servants. Surely, one
might suppose, without any very great extrava-
gance, that the two wants would be mutually sup-
plied, and that the thousands of young women be-
longing of right to the industrial classes would be
as glad to enter upon the duties and privileges of
domestic service as the householders would be satis-
fied to employ them. When we come to examine
into actual facts, however, we shall find the state of
affairs to be very different. Whether from the
lack of motherly training, from the growing tend-
ency to despise the duties of a thrifty housewife,
from the increase of habits of luxury, idleness, and
love of dress among the middle classes, or from any
actual decadence in the race of servants themselves,
certain it is that as a general rule the mistresses of
our own day do not succeed in preserving the old
tie between their mothers and their dependents, nor
in securing good and dutiful service. Again, the
growing dislike to service among the working
classes may be attributed to many mixed causes.
The young folks of any rank are now seldom
brought up in those habits of order and subjection
which properly belong to their age. In the at-
_ +es ssestsl3l.l.+4 q _1 n af.rn nt of And_ %ban:
discipline in the last generation, the good
old virtues of industry and obedience have
been somewhat overlooked. The love of dress and
" gentility " which causes the misery of so many
middle-class householders is by no means out of the
reach of the poor working man's family, and girls
shrink from taking " a regular place " where they
will have to conform to certain regulations as to
dress and manner, will have to spend the evenings,
and possibly the Sundays, quietly at home, instead
of in the gay and dangerous pleasure seeking they
have been accustomed to. They prefer the poorly-
paid slavery of the needle or the chance of
getting employed on some of the countless trades
which now engage so many, while those who
do at last take places are so fully aware of
their own value that they change from place to
place without attaching themselves to any. There
is a great deal to be said on both sides in this
great question of mistresses and servants, but in
waiting until it has been fully decided who is to
bear the most blame, we may turn with relief
and satisfaction to a very practical scheme
for remedying part of the evil, while it affords the
greatest possible benefit to a large and neglected
class. We allude to the Industrial School for
Girls,* established by Miss TWINING and some other
benevolent ladies and gentlemen some five years
since, and which has been maintained since that
time with constant successs. Miss TwININg, in
her workhouse experience, had her attention particu-
larly directed to the manifold evils arising from the
presence of young girls in the adult wards.
They are associated very frequently with most un-
desirable companions, are left entirely without that
careful supervision and training which their age re-
quires, and when put out to service can only be sent
(naturally untrained paupers as they are) to the
roughest and commonest places. Little is heard of
them afterwards, unless, indeed, as too often hap-
pens, they return with damaged characters to be
a burden on the parish, directly or indirectly,
through life. The constant repetition of this
miserable story led Miss TWINING to organise the
wise and benevolent institution to which we
have referred. The Home in New Ormond-street
receives girls from the age of 13 to 18, either taken

convinced that his wife gave him this advice only
that she might receive Hugony in his absence,
and he consented to it, but determined to re-
turn home unexpectedly in the course of the even-
ing. The prisoner's suspicions proved to be cor-
rect. On entering the room where he and his wife
usually slept, he found the deceased and his wife in
bed. He seized a pitchfork, and killed the deceased
with it almost instantly. The wife's father, hearing
a noise, rushed into the room, and he and the
woman, with the view to conceal the crime, dragged
the corpse to a distance of 600 yards from the
house, tied a heavy stone to it, and threw it into a
well. On the 28th November, however, the body
floated to the top of the well. Public opinion im-
mediately pointed to the prisoner as the murderer,
and he was arrested. He did not attempt to deny
the crime, and indeed his wife and her father de-
' posed to the fact of his being the murderer. The
jury, however, acquitted the prisoner, in spite of his
avowal, a circumstance which may seem strange,
but in France juries often decide against the evi-
dence, and take into their own hands both the law
and the facts of the case, according to sympathy or
prejudice.
At the last meeting of the Academy of Sciences
M. Paravey mentioned the discovery of a document
written by Father Amyot, dated 1784, proving that
the connection between electricity and magnetism
was known in France at that period. M. le Verrier
zne-ttattite-xr livfair,iiianswer to which
the Director of the Conservatory said there had
never been any idea of modifying the actual metre,
but that was no reason why no attempt should be
made to determine very rigorously and strictly what
aliquot part the metre formed of the terrestrial
circumference.
According to the official table, just published,
respecting French commerce with foreign countries,
the operations, which were more considerable in
February than in January, raise the amount for
the two months to more than a milliard. The im-
ports were to the amount of 469,207,000 f. The
exports were 597,060,000 f. Total, 1,066,277,000 f.
Last year, during the same period, the amount was
778,689,000 f., being an increase in the foreign trade
to the amount of 287,588,000 f.
A letter from Florence states that Prince Na-
poleon, instead of going to Naples, has returned to
the former city. His presence there is attributed
to political motives, and nothing can convince the
politicians of Florence to the contrary, even if their
impression be an erroneous one.
According to a document published under the
sanction of the Railway Companies, the daily con-
sumption of coals for the railways of France is to
the extent of three millions of kilogramme; say six
million of pounds or more. The extent of the lines
in operation is 12,000 kilometres. For the railways
of the whole of Europe the consumption of coals is
15 millions of kilogrammes per day.
The papers announce the death of M. Gustave de
Beaumont, member' of the Institute, who when a
deputy took a prominent part in many exciting
political discussions.

EMIGRATION FROM THE IRON AND COAL DIS-
TRICTS.—The mania for emigration has again set
in among the colliers and ironworkers of South Wales,
and the effects of the movement are beginning to bo seri-
ously felt, more especially by the colliery proprietors. Those
who are induced by glowing descriptions to leave constant
employment and good wages, and break up their homes, to
seek new spheres for their labour in the States are princi-
pally hardy, industrious men, who from long experience
have become what may be called skilled colliers. These
are the men that the district can ill afford to spare, especially
at the present time, when the coal trade is so active, and
their departure in such numbers will not only prove incon-
venient but a positive loss to the employers of labour, in-
asmuch as it will take the hands brought in to supply the
vacancies caused by the exodus a very long period to be-
. . .

come proficient in their new avocations. In addition to
the large numbers that have emigrated since the fine
weather set in, upwards of 60 families left Aberdare for
Now York a few days since, and others are preparing to
follow from different parts of the district. It is a matter
of regret that industrious men should by false representa-
tions and delusive hopes, which have so often been ex-
posed, be induced to leave their native homes to seek em-
ployment in America, where they will have to toil harder
and be less remunerated in proportion to the cost of the
necessaries of life.

from the workhouses, or about to enter them. It
trains them for service, teaching them household
work, in the kitchen and laundry, as well as the use
of the needle, fast growing a rare accomplishment ;
moral discipline, as well as religious and useful in-
struction are, of course, added ; and a more striking
contrast between the cheerful, animated home,"
and the dreary adult wards of the workhouse, with
its oakum picking or hair picking, can scarcely be
imagined. The success which has attended
the House as yet has been very great, though of
course not entirely unchequered. For the five
years 334 girls have been admitted, and when we
remember that of the girls educated in pauper
schools nearly two-thirds are orphans, we shall feel
that they have a double claim on our pity and
assistance. The Home provides a refuge for these
friendless girls when losing a situation, an interval
which often occasions the ruin of a homeless girl.
The objects are thoroughly practical, and the
management is equally so. Surely all who wish to
help a good work need not hesitate to assist so
simple and sensible a method of lifting these poor
girls out of their dangerous and miserable position,
while serving society in another way by providing
handy, -trained domestic servants.
willing, and well

THE SCHOOL OF COOKERY, under the able
management of Mrs. Mitchell, 281, Regent-street,
VT., has just commenced its fifth spring course. Last
season was most successful, and hundreds of cooks from
the school are now in families of the nobility and gentry
in all parts of town and country. All the newest styles
in fashionable dinners, wedding :breakfasts, ball suppers,
Sze., have been well mastered by the pupils, who do every
dish themselves, under the directions of professed men
cooks, and they have been eagerly sought after for good
situations. Mrs. Mitchell wishes every cook to know her
business thoroughly and economically. Dinners are served
daily, so any one can test the productions of the School of
Cookery, and ladies obtain servants of every description
with excellent characters.

ATTEMPTED PARRICIDE.—The Court of Assizes
of the Basses-Alpes has just tried a farmer's son,
named Mille, aged 18, residing at Vacheres, for attempting
to poison his father and mother because they refused their
consent to his marrying a young woman with whom ha
had fallen in love. The evidence clearly proved that the
prisoner had put a quantity of vitriol into their soup
which made them both very ill, and the father, who had
eaten most, was with difficulty saved. The jury having
brought in a verdict of guilty, the prisoner was sentenced
to three years imprisonment, with 100 fr. fine.
PRINTERS' PENSION CORPORATION.—The anni-
versary dinner of the Printers' Pension, Almshouse, and
Orphan Asylum Corporation, will take place to-morrow
(Friday) evening at the Freemasons' Tavern, Great Queen-
street; the kin. Arthur Ainzwird, 41'1 in the chair.

Fifth Report of the Industrial Some for Girls, 22, New
Ormond-`treat.

LA TEST INTELLIGENCE.

(REUTER'S TELEGRAMS.)

DENMARK.

COPENHAGEN, APRIL 5.

It is officially denied that the United States have
demanded permission to construct an American
war port at the island of St. Thomas.
No negotiations are being carried on on this sub-
ject between Denmark and the United States.

PRUSSIA.
KARLSRUHE, APRIL 5.

The official Karlsruher Zeitung publishes a letter
from Vienna, in which it is asserted that, besides the
despatch to the Minor German States, Prussia has
also addressed a Circular Note to the German
Powers. In this note Prussia expressed her appre-
hensions that she would hardly be able to avoid the
appearance of an aggressive policy if to prevent the
threatening attack of Austria she should be com-
pelled to commence hostilities.

RUSSIA.

ST. PETERSBURG, APRIL 5.

The Journal de St. Petersbourg, of to-day, pub-
lishes a historical review of the question of the
Danubian Principalities, accompanied with official
documents. The object of this review is to show
that from the year of 1856 to 1864 Russia has
always insisted upon the expediency of consulting
the wishes of the Moldo-Walla,chians, and has given
her consent to an union of the two peoples, so long
as experience should not prove such a course to be
prejudicial to the welfare of the Principalities.

CALCUTTA, CHINA, AND AUSTRALIAN

MAILS.
ALEXANDRIA, APRIL 4.

The Nyanza left at 3 p.m. to-day with all mails
and passengers. She may be expected at Mar-
seilles on the 9th, and Southampton about the 19th

LITERATURE.

Curiosities of Natural History. By Frank Buck-
land, M.A. Third series. 2 vols. Bentley.

Mr. Buckland has done well to collect and re-
publish his scattered and very interesting memo-
randa, the results of many years' varied experience
and much close and discriminative observation. In
the two volumes now before us are some amusing
accounts of " Expeditions" to Southsea and Ports-
mouth, Yorkshire, Berkshire, Hampshire, and the
neighbourhood of London. Added to these are ex-
cursions to Connemara and Galway, with an inves-
tigation into the history of the salmon and the cul-
tivation of rivers. We meet next with amusing ad-
ventures with lions, tigers, and foxes, &c. As a
specimen of which, let us take the following vivid
description of