The Sun.
London, England, 1835-10-15 00:00:00

LONDON, THURSDAY EVENING,. OCTOBER 15, 1835.

TOPLITZ, OCT. 2.

Government. The Emperor of Russia, though he did not
take up the subject so warmly, admitted the force of the
reasoning ; and the three Sovereigns came to the conclu-
sion that Spain should be left to its fate, and that no inter-
ference should be practised. This conversation I give you
as it has been brought me, without pledging myself to its
accuracy ; but my source is good, and all I can say is that
I believe it.

(From a Morning Contemporary. )
Austria for the moment is the guiding star of nations.
Placed in the very centre of Europe—the connecting bond
between the East and West—the link between the North
and the South—the peace of the world cannot be disturbed
without her feeling the shock, and that power to which she
may throw the balance in its favour must command suc-
cess. It is, therefore, of the last importance to know that
Austria in its principle and in its practice is eminently
pacific, and that so far as its weight or influence can operate
they are altogether used to maintain the general tranquill4,
Austria is, a practical and not a theoretical Government,
and I am told that the wise head that has so long directed
her Councils has often declared, that his main study is to
expel prejudice from his mind, and to take facts as they are,
and not as he would wish them, or thinks that they should
be. There has been no change in Europe since 1815 that
Anstria would not have prevented if she had the power,
and that she had not deplored when she could not prevent ;
but there has been no change made to which she has nig
immediately accommodated herself, and was willing to con-
solidate the new state, if the thing could be accomplished.
Revolution the Austrian Cabinet loaths. The very word
is poison to her ear.; but when once the change is effected,
however hateful it may have been, she immediately gives in
her recognition, and will neither suggest nor countenance
any experiment for a restoration. The conservation of what
exists is the guide of her policy, and the whole practical
philosophy of her Minister seems founded on the axiom,
that " whatever is is right." Charles X. found no support
from him for the recovery of his throne ; the King of Hol-
land for the restoration of Belgium ; nor Don Carlos for
the claims of an asserted legitimacy in Spain. It is this
principle resolutely acted upon, and as implicitly insisted
upon to all the great Powers in alliance with her, which
has saved Europe from war and its horrors - and it is that
same practical wisdom which tells Russia, backed by 350,000
men, no possession of Constantinople, no extension of frontier
—the statu quo must be maintained. EnglanA and France,
in the affairs of Portugal and Holland, gave deep offence
to Austria, and wounded her pride as well as alarmed her
sensibility ; and it was a difficult effort by which she kept
down her bile, and refrained from hazarding her own quiet,
in order that the spirit of intervention should be laid ;. but
her good sense triumphed, England and France have brought
their councils to an abortive end, and the general peace of
Europe is preserved.
In a short excursion like that which I have now made,
and changing men and things in ten days from the revolu-
tion and liberty at Madrid to absolutism and Royalty at
Toplitz, it cannot be expected that the truth, and the whole
truth, can at once be laid hold of, and the exact position of
the Austrian empire be ascertained. I can only judge from
the facts as they rise before me ; and though narrow the
circle may be, if I take it as a specimen of the Govern-
ment in general, the nation have reason to be content. I
find here an Emperor lately come to the Throw without
guards, and living among the people, as one professing to
love the Monarch, and proving by the warmth of their ac-
clamation the force of their attachment, I find that though
all the newspapers announced that passports to strangers
would be refused ; no difficulty was made about mine, that
no inquiry has been made into my habits, or my business
here ; that I receive my letters, without the seal being
violated ; and that—as far as I can ascertain—my cor-
respondence has not been interrupted ; and—when I
inquire into the state of crime—and the nature of the
punishment to be inflicted, in extreme cases, I find that
in this quarter at least, great offences are unknown,
though the punishment of death has been long since abo-
lished, and confinement for life the severest sentence even
for murder. This applies to the civil code only ; desertion,
or being asleep on the post, as in every other military ser-
vice, being alone expiated by death ; but the humane prin-
ciple, which benevolencein vain aims at introducing in
England, has here long since been established, and look at
the result, crime is almost unknown ; and a banker's cart,
which goes weekly loaded with gold coin from Vienna to
Prague, and from Prague through this place to Dresden
and Leipsic, and which is as well known as the diligence on
the road, has not once been robbed.
It is much regretted here in the highest quarter that more
English visitors have not come to this re-union, in order
that they might see how beautiful the intercourse has been
between the Sovereign and the people ; and when they are
told that it has arisen from a supposed difficulty about
passports, they deplore that such an idea could have existed,
and they refer to the fact as a contradiction to ill report.
I am not aware of any correspondent of an English Journal
being here, at least none of those whom I have known have
arrived, and if the French Press is equally unrepresented
the wants of the reading public will be ill supplied. No
impediment existed for any person whose passport was
in rule ; and I should gladly see the truths which I have
been stating, many of them at variance from existing pre-
judices, confirmed by other respectable authority. The
Government of Austria is looked upon in England as
one of bolts and chains, of police and incommunication,
and it will not be an easy task for me to convince your
readers that the contrary is the fact ; but it is only
necessary to be here, where if ever a police be required,
considering the class of persons exposed to hazard, it
should be to be convinced that there is freedom for all,
communication with all, and that the relations between
the Sovereign and the people, and the Nobility and the
crowd, conducted on the principle of mutual good will,
exemplified by a thousand practical instances. If there
be this ever watchful police, it is so fine as to be really
invisible, and it is very complimentary to your Journal in
giving its representative no annoyance.
The Court have been very quiet for the last two days,
and the Emperors, Kings, and Princes seem alike desirous
of laying aside their state, and enjoying the pleasures of this
charming country like private individuals. They are at all
hours abroad, either in carriage, on horseback, or on foot,
and the mighty man of all, the great Czar, hastens, the mo-
ment any ceremony is concluded, to doff his grand costume,
put on a plain dark green frock,' and stroll about the gar-
dens of the chateau without attendants. The Emperor of
Austria is equally simple in his habits, and he is more fre-
quently to be seen in a little carriage drawn by a pair of
horses, than in the state coach with its trappings ; but the
King of Prussia is the personage who, above all, exemplifies
the true philosophy of life, and he (not from ill-humour, but
from the love of the country, enjoyed alone, or in the
society of a friend) avoids every great re-union when he
can, and winds his pretty drosky through the vales and over
the hills of Toplitz. The favour he desires is, that he should
be passed unobserved, and the people who know his wishes do
not take off their hats, or appear to recognize him as he passes.
I never saw a person on whose countenance the conviction of
the vanity of all human wishes is more strongly stamped,
and lam satisfied, if the repose of Europe would allow it,
he would gladly retire from the fatigues to the quiet enjoy-
ment of books, and nature and reflection. His ordinary
companion is the Count Winchenstein, and to the latter is
left the rote of returning the courtesy of the people, while
the good old King holds down his head, or appears to have
his eyes turned inward; and waits till he gets clear of the
town and of the crowd to raise his countenance, and speak
aloud the thoughts which agitate and oppress him. It is a
fortunate circumstance for the general good of Europe that
a Monarch so pacific as the King of Prussia should be aided
by the wise counsel of the Austrian Cabinet, and as long as
life be spared to him, and Prince Metternich retains •the
lead at Vienna, the repose of the world will not be disturbed,
and the bear of the North be keptin salutary control.
The day before yesterday was spent in the woods of Des-
selburg, where a chasse, on a minor scale, took place ; and
yesterday was employed on a visit to the Count de Thone,
at Zeitchen, on the Elbe. Every day since the Sovereigns
met is occupied abroad, at dinner, at the opera, and re-union,
from seven in the morning till eleven at night, so that if the
conferences have taken place, they have ingeniously been
held over the soup or in the carriage, when hundreds have
been participators of the Imperial and Royal deliberations.
As I close my letter the report of a conversation is
brought me, which took place yesterday between the King
of Prussia and his confidential friend the Count Winchen-
stein. The King was relating to the Count the result of
an interview which he had just had with the Emperors of
Russia and of Austria, and where the Spanish question had
1.),..3en fully discussed. He appeared favourable to an inter-
vention, in order that the sentiments of his allies might the
more unreservedly be displayed ; but the Emperor Ferdi-
nand broke in upon him with some warmth, and declared
that he for one would not take part in an intervention, and
requested the Sovereigns to recollect that, after the revolu-
tion of 1790, Prussia and Austria interfered with France,
and that the result was that the troops came back without
shoes or stockings, and that a power was created by their
opposition which afterwards subjected Europe, and all but
extinguished their monarchies ftom its map. The experi-
ence of ages had proved the less that neighbours meddled
with the quarrels of nations the speedier a conclusion would
be obtained—that it was impossible at the commencement
.of an intervention to know to what extent it might lead,
and that the principle adopted against other nations gave
them the right to use it against yourself ; and surely the
Spanish people were competent to settle their own form of

TOPLITZ, OCT. 3.

The re-unions, as they are called, or the early balls, which
take place at'nine o'clock, in the pavilion of the Castle gar-
dens, afford a pretty specimen of the manners of the Germans
of the highest rank, and exhibit the simplicity of their habits
in a striking degree. Their dances are excessively brilliant,
not only because Emperors, Kings, and Princes, are present,
but from the necessity which etiquette imposes on all the
personages of the Court appearing in their several decora-
tions : and when I look around and find stars, and ribands,
and collars sparkling at every side, and obierve one or two
untitled strangers, in plain costume, I almost fancy that they
are the great personages and that the others are their at-
tendants. A commoner is really a valuable personage in
this society, if the same standard—namely, that of rarity,
which prevails in all other things,he adopted in this ; and
I see that the appearance of an undecorated gentleman at-
tracts more attention than the entrance of a dozen stars,
for the wonder is, what can that man be who is without an
order ? The balls are brilliant in consequence of the men's
costume, but it is excessively plain so far as the ladies are
concerned ; and whether it be that the German Princesses
do not know how to dress, or that a Royal wish has been
communicated to keep clOwn the toilette, I cannot tell ; but
the fact is now on record that the Princesses of this re-
union do not understand, or do not practice that sublime
science of arranging the head and refining the waist, and
of sweeping down rows of conquests by the flutter of a
curl, or the artful fold of a tucker. The Empress of Russia
is a good model of a very modest toilette, and she consults
her pride as a woman, and her dignity as a Sovereign by
setting so good an example to the ladies of her Court ; but
the Empress of Russia passes a little the bounds of our
strict notions, and those near her person, imitating the ex-
ample, as the followers of Royalty always will, give us a
display of neck and shoulders, which would be very lovely
if the covering even of a little lace gave imagination any
thing to desire. It is a sad charge to make, and very un-
gallant must be owned, but history requires the truth, and
what will future ages know of the dresses of this confe-
rence, if I should hesitate to do my duty ; and if that
beautiful maid of honour, with golden hair, and glowing
complexion, and skin of transparent white, should hear that
a stranger complained of the too great loveliness of her
swan-like neck, let her not be offended at his censure,
but be assured that, charming as she now is, Europe
could scarcely afford a rival if she dressed as her bashful
mind dictates, not at the suggestion of her maid, or
in imitation of the most exalted personage. I ob-
serve the Empress of Austria constantly wears a
Grecian turban, while the Empress of Russia has her
tresses bound up with brilliants, and' that the Princess of
Lignitz adds but a simple rose to her fine hair, divided on
her bright forehead, while the younger Princesses adopt the
plainest costume, and few of them exhibit any costly orna-
ments. The Emperors and the Empresses mix in the
crowd without reserve, and as all the diplomatic personages
attend in hour of their Sovereigns, the re-union is more in-
teresting than any morning assemblage can be, as the avo-
cations of the latter keep them then otherwise employed.
At first it was said that admissions to the balls would be
generally given to strangers, but after the opening night that
privilege was withdrawn, and no ladies received invitations
who had not been presented, nor gentlemen who were not
personally known to some of the Nobles or Ambassadors.
An English gentleman and his wife, who had only one
day to devote to Toplitz, and who were anxious to see
the Imperial party, amused me much by the determina-
tion with which they followed up the point, first going
to the superintendent of police, then to the Prince dee
Furstenburg, Grand Chamberlain, and failing with both,
to the Maitre d'Hotel, in order that if they could not have
the entree to the ball, they might, at least, be allowed to
overlook it from a corridor which ran round the saloon on the
2nd story. Our pretty countrywoman's request was refused,
and it was by great favour she received a ticket for the gal-
lery of the theatre, where she could see all the great world
assembled before they went to the re-union. I was de-
sirous to know if there was not some motive besides general
curiosity at work, and I came at length to understand that
the lady's object was, first to see the Prince Schwartzen-
berg, who has been with us a very naughty man, and next
the Archduke Michael, who, if Doctors' Commons were
at St. Petersburgh, would have a libel propounded for the
restoration of conjugal rights, as well as various other pec-
cadilloes. I told her that there was a great philosopher
among the Court, who employed all his time in works of
benevolence and in advancing science, but she laughed in
my face, and asked what had women to do with learning
or philosophy ? She bated and detested men of gallantry,
but there was no harm to look at them. She had just the
same pleasure in peeping at one of those voracious monsters
of men as she would in seeing a hyaena or a tiger ; and she
would take equal care not to come within their reach. I
asked the lady afterwards what she thought of the pair, but
she asserted that they were both unjustly libelled, for one
was so handsome and the other so brave, surely no harm
could arise from such nice men.
The Empress of Russia led off a mazurka with one of her
brothers of Prussia, and then waltzes and gallopades and
quadrilles followed ; but the dancing was not maintained
with spirit except the waltz, which, among those sober-
looking damsels, seemed in great request. I observed a
custom prevail which would be strangely looked upon in
London and Paris. Every lady, instantly on the dance
being concluded, was abandoned by her partner, and left to
find the way to her matron or to a seat alone. When the
last chord struck the gentlemen walked away as if the
Princesses were so many dairy maids, and it was amusing
to see the fair belles crossing each other to make out their
friends, and elbowing their way through Princes and Am-
bassadors to procure a seat. lam sorry to say that not at
any of these re-unions did I see much positive beauty,
though all women had a claim to the title of good-looking.
They are goodnatured and full of smiles, but they have a
countryfied air, even the very highest, and they would
bear no comparison with our young Nobility. The so-
ciety was on the whole charming from the absence of
ceremony which pervaded it. There is more pretension to
be found at a London ball or a county assembly than among
these high-born personages, and I am certain every
stranger found himself more at ease than he would be in
any English circle when he was for the first time presented.
The only forms which were observed was on the departure
of the Empresses, when all the Noblemen formed a double
line, and bowed gravely as they passed, and I invariably
observed as an indication of the good nature of the Em-
peror Ferdinand, that he always hurried the departure ; and
I heard him to the Empress, " Come, come, don't detain
our friends here." Both before leaving the saloon turned
round and bade adieu to the whole company ; and when the
Empress of Russia followed, the Archduke Michael never
failed to come forward and kiss, or bow, in the manner of
Sir Charles Grandison, over her proffered hand. The dis-
tance which the said Grand Duke observes to his brother,
the Emperor, before the world is remarkable, and on all oc-
casions when the latter addressed him, he answered with a
low bow ; but I find that the coolness etiquette imposes
towards his brother is dispensed with to his niece ; and I
heard him say, " Come to the Princess Olga, I wish to tor-
ment her ; what a pleasure it is to have a niece to tor-
ment ;" and his Imperial Highness looked at the same mo-
ment as if he was in the habit of tormenting. The Emperor
of Russia looks equally well in the ball-room as lie does in
the field ; he certainly is a splendid specimen of a Calmuc,
and he is very graceful, and apparently very amiable, with a
little touch of pride, or perhaps scorn, which becomes his
face, which, if any fault can be found with it, is too fair, and
consequently wanting in expression. The King of Prussia
has not appeared at the balls. Noise and late hours have no
charms for him, unless it be that of artillery and a bivouac, but
his sons play the part for him, and waltz and gallop with the
most religious perseverance. My chief pleasure at these re-
unions has been to watch the diplomatic circle, and the va-
rious expression of the countenances of Metternich, Nessel-
rode, Ancillon, and the various subsidiary personages, such
as Taticheff, Esterhazy, Winchenstein, with the outer ring
of Barons and Counts admitted within the porch, but not
within the sanctuary. Metternich is a rich study, and I
have the great pleasure of having impressed on my mind
every feature of that most distinguiihed man. His head is
good, though not remarkable in the outline, the forehead,
perhaps, retreating a point sooner than it ought, but resem-
bling in a degree that of Mr. Canning—the eye gray and
seldom much excited—the nose too long, but well shaped—
and the mouth full of expression, a little depressed, as is ge-
nerally the case with men of serious and thinking habits.
His manner is grave, and he speaks without passion, and, as
he declares, without prejudice. The common sense view of
every question is that which he strives to take, and I heard
him say that he would, throw up his place if he found that
prejudice of any kind influenced his decisions. Practical
quiet good sense seems to be the foundation of his charac-
ter, and he laughs at the mystery of polities, which he

PRICE 7D.

considers are as well understood by the people as those who
have the direction of them. He describes the people, as a
body, extending from the highest Prince down to the hum-
blest peasant, and contends that where each is instructed
according to his station, the Government must act with the
good will, and only for the benefit of the whole. He professes
to be an advoeate for the progress of true knowledge, but
not of radicalism ; as the one teaches men to know their
wants and the state which is befitting them, while the other
inculcates only discontent, and tells the poor man that he
has a right to the possessions of the rich. A foreign
country may be conquered, and must be held by force of
arms, as the history of the world proves ; but a nation
advanced in knowledge cannot be enslaved by its own
Government, and the will of the people must be repre-
sented. Revolution never begins at the bottom of the
scale : it descends from the highest, to find matter to sup-

port it among the mob ; and as no class have any reason to
complain in tat part of the empire properly belonging to
the centre, he considers that Austria is and will be secure

from any revolutionary mania. Yes, I heard him say to a
small circle last night " the police of Austria exists but in
idea : it is a bugbear we encourage, which alarms designing
men, but has no fear for the good. Our police is in the
hearts of the people, the love of their country, their attach-
ment to the Monarch, the equity of the laws, the impartial
administration of justice, and,' above all, the progress of
education, and the well-being and happiness of the people.
What do we require of police when all classes are equally
well-disposed ? The peasant, the shopkeeper, the artisan,
are all police, because each, for his own good, will protect
the State. The Austrian Monarch is absolute ; but he is

so only for good, and he would be hurled from the Throne
if he were so for evil. Look at the fact—the Emperor
is here without troops, and the people have access to
him, not only in public, but at stated audiences. Does not
that prove that he lives in the hearts of his subjects, and
that a necessity is imposed on him of governing in. a popu-
lar sense ? Representation will take place in one shape or
the other, among an instructed people,;and the intervention
of a Chamber is not necessary to make known and enforce
the national will." The opinions fell from him in reply to
the remarks of his party, who discussed in a quiet way the
principle of national representation, and the social state of
the several cuuntries of Europe. I regretted not to hear
more of it, but could not remain for many minutes in the
neighbourhood, without being brought into observation, and
the persons that every moment passed presented me from
understanding the whole. When I say I heard this, I
must guard against being suspected of havinc, listrned to a
private conversation ; but the fact was that the discussion
was public, and open to any who chose to take part in it,
and was to be overheard by all, The manner of Prince
Metternich is most impressive—courteous to a degree, and
deferential to the opinions of others. He seems to avoid
dogmas or assertions, and delivers his sentiments only as
the result of his experience, as I once heard the great-
est medical man in Europe say, " I am told such a
medicine is good in your complaint :" or as Sir James
Scarlett, when at the Bar, would say, " All I know is,
the King's Bench ruled so in such a case." Some one
introduced the liberty of the Press, and reviled all public
writers ; but Metternich said—" No, you are wrong ;
the Press is an excellent thing when the people understand
it, and when it is conducted as in England. We have a
Press for all useful knowledge, but not a newspaper one, to
sow discord among the people, who are happy without it,
and know not what it is. A Press is only desired by those
who would be the writers in the Journals, but it is not asked
for by the nation, because they are riot aware that it would
do them any good. I believe, attached as the people are to
their Emperor and to the laws, they would make no ill use
of a periodical Press ; but why should we try the experi-
ment ; wealthy, enlightened, and happy, as they are, would
it be wise to introduce a doubtful good—cannot we let what
is well alone ? The English people are right in holding by
their Press because they arc in possession of it, but we pro-
duce the same result, the progress of instruction, and the
good of the people, without it. It is tree that Press is often
in error, particularly towards foreign nations, and no one
has been more wronged in it than I have keen, but the more
we become known to enlightened E oglishmen, the more
our motives and our principles will be displayed, and justice
will not fail to be rendered to us in the end. England and
Austria are friends, and I trust will e ver continue so, and
we rely on the good sense and moderatkn of the majority of
that nation."

It was with great pleasure that I heard these sentiments,
so just to us and so honourable to the Prince, and I with-
drew from the circle, believing that our best ally in Europe
is Austria, and that we should cultivateher friendship against
the only power we have all to dread, against the Collossus
of the North. At ten o'clock the dancing ceased, and a
table laid out for the Imperial and Royal personages was
disclosed in an adjoining room, while a number of round ta-
bles, with six or eight covers on each, were brought in with
great quickness, and placed in the dancing room for the use
of the other personages. Soup, with light supper, and wines
of every description, was placed on thew, and every one,
without ceremony, partook of what they liked, and at eleven
o'clock the re-union generally broke up.

TOPLITZ, OCT. 4.

With these remarks I take leave of the Congrcs3 for the
present, intending to go to Prague this evening, where, if
further disclosures should be made, I will be in the way to
investigate and transmit them to you.
The meeting has lasted seven days, as has been previously
announced, and after the first reception at Court, and the
ceremony of laying the stone of the Russian monument, a
determination was come to to lay aside state as much as
possible, and allow the great personages to follow their
own inclinations, just as an English nobleman receives, his
friends:- .The illumination intended for the honour of the
Emperor. of Russia and the King of Prussia did not take
place. A great fete, and the lighting up the woods of
Dux, was • also abandoned. The collection of troops and
the pride of an Austrian Marienen was suppressed, and
even the grand battue in the park of Doppelburg, where
deer, wild boars, and game.of every description are pre-
served, was not allowed ; and the review of one or two
regiments, and a couple of hours of hare shooting, has been
the only display worth notice. The two Monarchs ar-
rived on Saturday night:, Sunday was employed in Je-
ceptive and exchanging visits ; Monday in a church parade
at Dux ; Tuesday in a Russian monument ; Wednesday
in seeing the Emperor of Russia manoeuvre the regiment of
Hussars, of which he is the Colonel, and which is called
Nicholas in his honour ; Thursday at the Castle of Wal-
lenstein ; Friday at the Count de Thon, at Zeitchen, on
the Elbe ; and on Saturday in a field practice of about
8,000 men, under the orders of the King of Prussia. At
some of them the Emperor of Austria was not present,
and the whole Court did not attend them all, and none
were of any great interest beyond the illumination, the
Russian monument, and perhaps tbe parade of yesterday.
Etiquette was laid aside, and every afternoon was spent in
riding, driving on the promenade till the hour of the opera,
and subsequent re-union.
The feeling of the Court seemed communicated to the
people of the town, and after the three first days there was
no assemblage near the Chateau ; the burghers resumed
their ordinary occupations, and the streets were restored
to their usual quiet at Toplitz—no lounging-place, like
Brighton or Cheltenham, but every one, when dinner is
concluded at three o'clock, starts to visit the romantic
scenery of the neighbourhood, each place being a show one,
and stated days assigned to it, with the .attendance of a mi-
litary band. In fact, after the first impression wore off,
and the great ceremonies concluded, the abandonment of
state and absence of spectacles rather disappointed strangers
than otherwise. The Court was very right ; and how much
wiser is it for Emperors, Kings, and Princes to enjoy na-
ture's fresh air and exercise, like other people, rather than
to strut about in fine, clothes and processions, like actors on
a stage, for our amusement ; but we who come to see are
a little annoyed, as well as those who wait to read of all
that should, and not what has taken place.
A plain matter-of-fact man is not for scenes of this' na-
ture, and I would recommend you to select a poet and not
a politician for future conferences, with a pocket edition of
the Arabian tales and a duodecimo of quotations. At
least he would console himself and please his readers more
than I can, and he would not be mortified by the reflection
which now arises to me, of how little can be said of a meet-
ing where so many Emperors, Kings, and Princes have been
united. If facts be stubborn things, the absence of them is
very awkward for a public writer ; and when future histo-
rians treat on the occurrences of this year, and the " gentle
passage" of pen and ink and iced Champagne at Toplitz,
they will wonder at the paucity of the materials, and lament
that a more imaginative chronicler had not taken it in hand.
I hope that the great Northern Powers will bear this in
mind at their next meeting, and either refuse me passport,
or if they let me in, give me something to look at worth
the describing. It is quite unbearable that they should eat,
drink, and walk like other people.

here, letting it be known that they would not renew
ai; al-
liance with Russia, which might be fatal to their posterity.

The Congress, the Conference, the re-union of Monarchs,
is at an end. This morning the Emperor of Austria and
suite departed for Prague, and in the night, I believe, the
Emperor of Russia set out for Theresenstadt and Carlsbad,
with the intention of making his way through Prague, to
bid adieu to Ferdinand before parting from their pleasant
vales to return to his own ice-bound home. The weather
has held up to the last with a summer temperature, and it
is only now that the brilliant scene is at an end, that the
clouds are becoming charged, and the air is moist and cold.
The Emperor of Austria was escorted beyond the town by
thousands of his subjects, who wished him health and hap-
piness, and took a tender leave as if from a father and a
friend, and an arch of evergreen was erected in his way,
with the inscription of "Die Trennung schnzerzt," " The
separation afflicts us," near which the people hung in
crowds, and gave a final cheer of "Lebe wohl"—literally,
" live well ;" equivalent to " Vive le Roi" in France, or
" Long live the King" in England. The King of Prussia
remains for a fortnight more, and all the other great per-
sonages are parting according to their own pleasure. Yes-
terday and last night the town has been in a bustle of packing
and of departure, and the precincts of the palace were like
the breaking up of a large fair ; the various costly articles
brought here for the service of the Court being arranged
and baled in the garden behind the Castle. Servants,
horses, carriages, were all jumbled together ; and the arrival
of the Emperor or Empress from their drive was scarcely
noticed ; and as to a Prince, it was lucky if he could get
any one to hold his horse. The official persons were equally
busily employed, and the chancerie of Prince Metternich
was in an uproar, carriages, bearing the Secretaries and
their papers, being every moment despatched in order that
the office might be again in its.proper order at Prague be-
fore the arrival of the Minister or the Emperor. Besides
the 500 horses belonging to the Court, all which were in
requisition, the postmaster of Toplitz was ordered to pro-
vide 400 pair this morning, and all the plough cattle for a
circuit of twenty miles have been called in to act as posters.
The Duke of Cumberland and the Marquis of Douro set
out to-day.
-The re-union has lasted exactly seven days, and the
whole of every one of these days has been devoted, as I have
so often said, to excursions out of doors, or to society within.,
and certainly no time has been given for a formal Co•. 1
gress, or any thing beyond a casual conversation, . a
flying conference among the Monarchs. What diplr ,maey
has prepared for them is another matter, but I c' infirm,
now that the meeting" is at an end, all that I ha ye writ-

ten during its progress, and any thing which na; been
done, does, I am assured, not exceed the rener
sal of the
alliance already subsisting between the three gr.(' at Powers,
and the re-establishing a mutual confidence among the
socond-rate Princes of Germany:. The prine' iple of non-
intervention and of a statu quo being determin ed upon from
the commencement, but little remained to, be done ; and
it is a satisfaction to learn that a meeting fre .m whence so
much was feared, has turned out so favourable 3 to the repose
of the world, and the continued pacification, t if Europe ; and
it is only to be regretted that the Sovereigns have not gone
further, and agreed to a partial or moral disarmament. It
is also precious to ascertain that Europe is. impressed with
a wholesome terror of her Calmuc neic,..hb our, which has
already so far protruded itself beyond its n atural bounds ;
and lam delighted to my that the ill-w ill of the English
nation to the ambitious disposition of the North is fully par-
ticipated in by the whole of the German' Le people, and I be-
lieve the true reason for disarming not being proposed is
the necessity of showing the Russian C abinet that Europe
is always prepared to keep it within its ?resent Peo-
ple here do not talk politics in the higl sway, and evaporate
their spleen in coffee-houses, as the F tench and Spanish,
but the Germans are a reflective and a deep-thinking na-
tion, and as there are ways, of getting at their thoughts, for
to Englishmen all is confidence, I env ariably fund a hatred
and a dread of Russia is uppermost ,af all.
It is fit I should again say that the most solemn assur-
ances have been given me of the pacific int ,entions of Ni-
cholas himself, and that Austria is perfect Jy satisfied of
his good faith, and that he at lost will malg no attempt to

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• extend his possessions ; and I should be pained if any thing
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St. Petersburg and Vienna ; but what I desire to prove is
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----- ,______ her position, and determined not to permit the encroach-
ments of the Czar, should hereafter he attempt it. The
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Government in this case fully represents the people, and
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