The Sun.
London, England, 1866-01-03 00:00:00

" dreaming theorists." Surely such a term might
more appropriately be applied to those who expect
to keep six millions of intelligent white people in
an 'unrepresented subjection ! Of course no
one who upholds the theory of the Southern
States having never been out of the Union
contends that the people always obeyed the Wash-
ington Government, or did not wish to leave the
Union. Their argument is that, as the Confederates
failed in their attempt to establish their indepen-
dence, their acts of secession were null and void,
and the great object of the North through the war
was to re-establish the former state of things, and
to maintain the supremacy which the others defied.
If the Southerners are to be regarded as having
actually accomplished their object and left the
Union—how came it that the struggle is called by
the Radicals a " rebellion," not a " war." A rebel
is one who resists his recognised authority, not
an equal who has succeeded in establishing
his own independence. But Mr. STEVENS is willing
to regard the Southerners as rebels so far as their
punishment goes, though not so far as their claims
to national privileges. They must be made, he says'
" to eat the fruit of foul rebellion ;" and, soaring
into the:regions of poetry, he exclaims, "As to these
famed rebels, they cannot at their option re-enter
the heaven which they have disturbed, nor the
Garden of Eden which they have deserted, as
flaming swords are set at the gates to secure their
exclusion." All the humanity he has to spare,
which is not apparently overmuch, is turned in
the direction of the negro. Congress is bound to
provide for them, and to furnish them with
homesteads. If they are left to the legis-
lation of their late masters they had better
have been left in bondage. Such is the summary of
his fervid appeals on behalf of the black, and his
panacea for the redress of all their wrongs is the
confiscation of Southern etates and the forcible
removal of Southern landowners. It is openly ad-
mitted by Mr. STEVENS'S friends that he intends bring-
ing in a bill for the purpose of confiscating the lands
of the leading Confederates and parcelling them
out among the negroes, thus preparing the way
for reducing the once fertile and prosperous South
to the condition of Jamaica, and degrading the
negroes by encouraging them in that life of lazi-
ness and dependence which is their great tempta-
tion. Such a scheme may seem at the outset too
preposterous to excite any uneasiness, but there is
a double reason for regarding it with some appre-
hension. In the first place, such projects are only
too acceptable to the negro mind, which is filled by
its false friends with visions of a life of ease and idle-
ness, in which the rights of the black man are para-
mount to all others. Such ideas naturally enough dis-
courage him from that regular and steady industry
which every one must possess if he wishes to live
in a country full of energy and competition, and
thus the declamations of the black man's professed
advocates are really prejudicial to his well-being.
The second reason why Mr. STEVENS'S scheme is
dangerous is because the Radical party in the Lower
House have already shown that they are adepts in
the art of finesse and political intrigue. For in-
stance, after the harangue of Mr. STEVENS, to which
we have been just referring, Mr. RAYMOND, who is
a Conservative Republican, rose to answer him; but
as a Radical was the chairman of the committee in
which the House was sitting, be refused to see Mr.
RAYMOND, and called for a totally different speaker.
Mr. RAYMOND, however, as we have seen by
yesterday's mail, obtained a hearing a day or
two later, and made a powerful reply to
Mr. STEVENS'S intemperate speech. Another
transparent trick was played by Mr. STEVENS him-
self. He was going to bring in an obnoxious reso-
lution, against which a Conservative Republican
intended to speak. He went to Mr. STEVENS and
asked if he would bring it on that day, to which
Mr. STEVENS replied that he could not do so, as his
State would not be called. No sooner, however, had
the gentlemanleft the House, and agaod many of his
colleagues with him, than Mr. STEVENS went to a
member whose alphabetical position was higher,
and asked him to bring forward the resolution,
which he did, and the Conservative-Republicans,
coming in a good while later, found the House
dividing upon Mr. STEVENS'S resolution. So much
for Radical finesse; and if a trick of this kind be tried
successfully, Mr. STEVENS' confiscation scheme may
attain an importance it does not deserve. There is
no fear that the Senate or the PRESIDENT will sanc-
tion such a measure, but these things end to keep
up disaffection and alienation.

The PRESIDENT has a hard battle to fight, but
hpapily he is a man of strong character and resolute
will. He does Rot deal in finessing and political
manoeuvres, but what he thinks best and wisest he
carries out undeterred by opposition or clamour.
He holds that the first call is to provide the freed-
men with the necessaries of life, and to
do this he must be provided with employ-
ment. There is no room for him in the North,
while in the South his labour is greatly
wanted. Therefore the Southern landowners
must be restored to their civil rights and public con-
fidence, that they may resume the cultivation of
their lands, and by their enterprises afford abun-
dant occupation for the negro, no longer as a slave,
but as a freedman. Surely such a theory as this is
fair and reasonable, as well as eminently calculated
to restore peace and prosperity to the country. It
does not, however, find favour with the Radical
section, who appear to desire a complete dismember-
ment of the Southern States and a reign of anarchy
and terror.

The PRESIDENT has sent to the Senate the nomi-
nation of Mr. CAMPBELL as Minister to the Mexican
Republic—a significant fact. Another item of news,
which is suggestive of a change in the popular feel-
ing, is the advocacy of the liberation of JEFFERSON
DAVIS by the New York Herald, which has just
discovered that the Southern people rose in the
spirit of freemen who believed themselves oppressed.

TRADE WITH THE UNITED STATES.—The Trade
and Navigation accounts for the month of November show
what extraordinary activity has recently prevailed in the
trade of this country with the United States. In the No-
vember of the last three years the export to the United
States of cotton piece goods, the manufacture of the United
Kingdom, has been as follows :—Nov., 1863, 5,247,096
yards ; Nov., 1864, 1,381,404 yards ; Nov., 1865, 27,178,583
yards. Of our linen piece goods we sent to the United
States 6,995,509 yards in Nov., 1863 ; 3,900,683 yards
in Nov., 1864; and 15,397,052 yards in Nov., 1865.
Of our woollen cloths 450,803 yards in Nov., 1863 ;
43,000 yards in Nov., 1864 ; 505.454 yards in
Nov., 1865: Carpets, 260,358 yards in Nov., 1863 ;
23,236 yards in Nov., 1864 ; 424,483 yards in Nov., 1865.
Worsted stuffs, '5,139,541 yards in Nov., 1863 ; 465,679
yards in Nov., 1864 ; 8,264,784 yards in Nov., 1865. Of
our iron, pig and puddled, we sent to the same destination,
in Nov. of the last thre.: years, , 3,402 tons, 380 tons, and
12,120 tons respeCtively ; and of railroad iron 8,734 tons,
97 tons, and 7,141 tons respectively. Of cutlery the value
only is recorded, £9,177, £6,196, £27,465, in Nov. of the
three years respectively ; and of Britannia metal and other
hardware; £43,590, £14,953, £70,332. The export of steel
manufactures does not show so remarkable an advance.
Of haberdashery our November export to the States in the
exports
axnsp
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tlrsleo4e
itlyo4eusa
our produce
hay
epsrpoedcuveeenl ofand
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imopavntaoul
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ne.£sd79to
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Octobere ul ln,
the
Statese,
in 1865 had reached only to the value of £14,844,708,
which was a smaller amount than in the corresponding
period of 1864 ; but the November exports have made the
difference for the 11 months to be largely on the other side.
Of raw cotton we imported from the United States
46,201 cwt. in the first 11 months of 1863, 119,095 cwt. in
the corresponding period of 1864, 433,773' cwt. in that of
1865, even the last an insignificant quantity compared with
the years before the war. The great decrease in our im-
port of grain from America this year has been recently
Mentions/