The Sun.
London, England, 1835-02-18 00:00:00

party to which Sir C. M.VUTTON belongs is numeri-
cally greater than any one other party in the House, and
that, therefore, it would be fair that his claim to the
Speakership should be allowed. This is a mere quib-
ble. The Tories being all animated by the same
spirit of hostility to reform—the same hatred
of popular rights and liberal principles—may,
we admit, be considered as one body—compact
enough certainly—able and willing, without doubt,
to do a great deal of mischief, if they be not pre-
vented. But, when we grant this, we must take
the liberty to say, that those who hold senti-
ments opposed to their's are equally entitled to
be reckoned as one party, and have an equal
right to insist on the choice of a Speaker whose politi-
cal sentiments may be in unison with their own. This
is the common-sense view of the matter, and this
view, we have no doubt, will be taken of it by the Re-
formers in the House of Commons to-morrow. They will
follow the example of the electors, in sinking all minor
differences, and uniting upon those great points on
which they are all agreed. This is what the country
expects, and we are confident the expectation will be
realized.

from their constituents. On their first vote hangs t
very existence of the Tory Government.

Were the Speakership of the House of Commons
an office which had never been abused, or an office
the abuse of which had never compromised the dignity
of Parliament, and betrayed the liberties of the people,
the re-election of Sir CHARLES MANNERS SUTTON
would involve no interest more important than the
triumph of the leaders of a faction—who, by the
meanest species of intrigue, wriggled themselves into
office, and by the paltriest shifts resolve to retain it. But
the records of Parliament itself prove that the influence
exercised by the Speakers of the House of Commons,
both within the House, and in all conferences with the,
Crown, to have been either pre-eminently beneficial to, or
positively destructive of, the liberties of the people. The
Tories take good care to abstain from all reference to
precedents on this question. The " wisdom of our
ancestors "is not here appealed to ; because, unfortu-
nately for those who are always confounding the un-
derstanding and puzzling the common sense of the
public with this morsel of delectable cant, our an-
cestors bitterly experienced the shock which liberty re-
ceived by the choice of Court Parasites, to preside over
the proceedings of the House of Commons. In the
early period of our Parliamentary history, we
find that the Speakers were almost uniformly the
creatures of the Court—sycophants of Royalty,
and never wanting on any occasion to betray
the dignity of the assembly over which they presided,
whenever they could do so, with a hope of personal
advantage, either in the shape of a sinecure, or an ele-
vation to the peerage. So sally as 1399 we find
JOHN DORWOOD, then chosen Speaker of the House
of Commons, in the face of the kingdom, trampling
upon the constitutional rights of that assembly, by
craving the KING'S forgiveness, should he mistake the
Royal will in directing the deliberations of the House.
In 1524, Sir THOMAS MORE, afterwards Lord
Chancellor, descended to the meanness of praying the
KING, that " if any of the Commons should, in any
debate, speak more largely than they ought, that
they might be pardoned"—and by this one act of
treason against the dignity of one of the three
Estates, establishing a precedent which led Charles I.
to the commission of those crimes against the Con-
stitution, which he expiated with his blood.
RICHARD EMPSON and EDMUND DUDLEY, both
Speakers of the House of Commons, the former
elected in 1492, and the latter in 1505, were hanged
at the instigation of the Commons of England, for
first betraying the freedom of Parliament into the
hands of the KING, and afterwards judicially en-
forcing obedience to laws passed by themselves. But
the most memorable example of the servility of a
Speaker of the House of Commons, is that of Sir J.
FINCH, chosen in 1628, at the opening of the second
Parliament of CHARLES 1., who refused to read the
remonstrance of the House and put the question,
adding that, " he dared not, the KING having com-
manded the contrary !" In this dilemma the House
was under the necessity of ordering its President to be
held by force in the Chair, while the remonstrance was
being read, and the question put accordingly. In the
reign Of WILLIAM and MARY, Sir JOHN TREVOR,
Speaker of the House of Commons, was expelled the
Chair and the House, for taking a bribe of one thou-
sand guineas from the city of London, to promote the
passing of the " Orphans' Fund" Act; and it appears,
from the records of that period, that he was only
more unfortunate than several of his predecessors, who
contrived to manage affairs of this kind with more re-
gard to public decency.

The Conservatives rest their claims upon a return
to power, chiefly upon the ground that Reform to be
useful must proceed moderately ; they designate as
pernicious all sudden and violent changes, and affect
to believe that the measures contemplated by the
Liberals would be dangerous, because the country is
not yet prepared for any reforms so broad or extensive
as those to which they were directing their attention.
This is one of their usual fallacies ; there is no measure
that the MELBOURNE Cabinet, had its existence con-
tinued, could have proposed, for which the country
have not long been prepared. The abuses which
beset all its institutions have engaged the minds, and
excited the indignation, of the people too long to
justify the assertion, that a sudden correction would be
injurious to any class, but that which has iniquitously
subsisted on the corruptions that disgrace them. It is
a delusion to suppose that the Conservatives are
prompted by a high sense of political duty alone, to
take upon themselves the fatigues of office, its pay and
patronage, in order that the injury of violent change
may be averted. The parent abuse from which many
others spring, is that which relates to the public purse ;
many-handed peculation has been busy with its con-
tents, and the employment is so fascinating, that it
would yet solicit a little delay ere it finally withdraws
from the treasure. This abuse, grievously as it is
complained of by the people, is one which the Tories,
in their desire to avoid the injury of a violent correc-
tion, would be moderate, especially moderate, in hand-
ling, to the exclusion of all assistants.
It is true that the people have clamoured for many
measures, the propriety of which has been canvassed
with much acrimony—Triennial Reform—Vote by
Ballot—Household Suffrage—the Abolition of an
Hereditary Senate—the Expulsion of Bishops from
the Upper House ; but many of these, among other
matters, it must be remembered, are chiefly to be con-
sidered as the means to an end—namely, the best pro-
bable security against pillage of the national pocket.
Under the fostering care of the Tories, the public debt
became increased to a cool 278 hundred ix illions—(a
" blessing," according to the opinions of many, which
only requires to be proved in order that by increasing
it to ten times the amount, we may become
ten times more blessed)—and the people got
so fidgetty that it was necessary to incorporate the
Reform Bill into the Constitution, in order that they
might send into Parliament a body of men of a more
really representative complexion, than those who did
them the favour to vote away their money so liberally
before. Now, the people are not so over-nice in the
matter of suffrage, mode of voting, or duration of
Parliament, as to care about disturbing the existing
state of things, could they be ensured that all was as it
should be in respect to money matters ; and recurring to
Tory prodigality in former times, they very naturally
suspect Conservative husbanding in times to come.
Money, usually, has much to do in acts of malversa-
tion, and it is greatly to be feared that the pecuniary
elements mixed up in all our institutions, church,
state, and corporate, have originated the corruptions
known or " recognised." The plumbs in the puddings
have been most partially and unequally distributed—
some have a frightful load, others have none at all—
and the Conservative propensities of the Tories being
so well understood, in all points connected with vested
interests, the people are apprehensive that inasmuch as
a vitiated taste has been created among the pudding-
pluckers by this redundancy of fruit, the old demands
for the supply of these excesses will still be continued.
This is one among the many important reasons why
the Tories are so solicitous of clinging to office, in order
to moderate the reform of abuses when they become
conservatively " recognised," and why the people are
so solicitous that they should be spared the- pains of
governing. The Tories are very moderate Reformers,
but immoderately attached to place and patronage ;
this passion we hope soon to see corrected.

These historical facts are sufficient to show that
the Speakership of the House of Commons is one of
the most important offices in the State ; that it has
been abused in every possible variety of ways ; and
that its abuse has, almost in every instance, consisted
in betrayals of the liberties of the people. Unless
the Speaker be chosen from among those who advo-
cate the rights of the people, this must for ever
happen. It is not possible that it could be
otherwise. The Speaker can no more repre-
sent the spirit of the House in his intercourse
with the SOVEREIGN, if he entertain not its
sentiments, than the House itself can represent the
country, if its principles be opposed to those of the
entire constituency. In the House the Speaker's par-
tialities soon betray his principles : and Sir CHA:RLEs
MANNERS SUTTON never lost an opportunity of
showing his, to the evident delight of the Tories.
His e3e always caught the slightest gesture of a Tory
leader ; but when several Whigs rose, he could only
distinguish some junior statesman, remarkable for his,
dullness, his ignorance, and the ridiculous confusion
of his ideas. Whoever among the Whigs was noted
for beginning at the wrong end, and mistaking the
proper drift of every question—possessed of no influ-
ence in the House, or name in the country—were sure
to be favourite orators with Sir CHARLES, and to
obtain the most marked attention on addressing the
House. By this skilful manoeuvre, the Right Hon.
Gentleman preserved all the appearances of impar-
!iality, while in reality he was working the down-
fall of every Whig measure upon which de-
pended the existence of the Ministry. This,
too, will be found to explain the statement of
two abortions of radical patriotism, which appeared
some days ago in the London Papers, in answer to a
Circular addressed by Lord Jo HN RUSSELL to the
Whig and Radical Members of the present Parliament.
Of the confidence with which the country looks
forward to the division of the Commons on this great
question, enough has been already stated in The Sun,
to warrant our dispensing with all further observations
on the subject. The time is now arrived for acting,
not arguing : we have done our duty : let the Repre-
sentatives of the United Kingdom -now do their's.
Let the Reformers beware, how, in this instance, they
tamper with the instructions which they have received

We have received the Paris Papers of Monday,
with intelligence from Madrid to the 9th inst. Their
contents are not important.

FRENCH FUNDS.—PARIS. FEB. 16.
Five per Cents., 108 f. 90c. 109 f. 109 f. 3c.
Four per Cents., 97f. —c.
Three per Cents. 79f. 2.5 c. 30c. src.
Bank Actions, 1,8501. —c.
Rente de Naples, 96f. 45c.
Roman Five per Cents.,:9B.
Rente d'Espagne, Five per Cents., 43(.
Rente d'Espagne Three per Cents., 27%.
Royal Spanish Loan, 45
Route Perpet. d'Espagne, Five per Cents., 44%%.
Belgian Loan, Five per Cents, 10:.
Portuguese Loan, Five per Cent., 92%%.
Portuguese Loan, Six per Cents., 995¢.
Haytian Loan, 425 f.
EXCIIANGE ON LONDON.
One month, paper, 25f c. ; money, 25f. 275ic.
Three months, paper, 25f. 17%c.; money, 25t. 15c.
—Cour: A uthentrque.

BOURSE, QUARTER TO FOUR.-Five per Cents., 109 f. 30c.
3 per Cents., 79f. 45c. ; 5 per Cent. Spanish, 44,i ; 3 per Cent
ditto, 27; ; Cortes, 434 ; Coupons, -- ; Guebbard, 45 ; Dif
feres, 15i ; Scrip, New Loan, 644- ; Ducats, 96,60 ; Romans, 98
Belgians, 102 ; Pedros, 924 ; Miguels, 27 ; Dutch, 57 —.

Brussels and Germah Papers have been received.
The accounts from Persia are particularly favourable.
Tranquillity has been partially restored, through the
interference of Great Britain and Russia.

THE SUN, LONDON, WEDNESDAY, FEBRUARY 18. 1835

CHANCERY COURT-(THIS DAY).

ATTORNEY-GENERAL V. SHORE.

Mr. KNIGHT resumed his address in this case. That the
opinions of Lady Hewley were Trinitarian, no person could
doubt. That had been proved beyond all doubt by the evi-
dence brought forward ; and such being the case, it was clear
the trustees, in the course they had adopted in the administra-
tion of the charity created by her, had acted directly in
contravention of her opinions. If further proof were wanted
of this, it was to be found in a publication called the
Monthly Repository, in which there was contained a
memorial which had been submitted to the trustees, for
the purpose of soliciting assistance for a Unitarian
congregation at Newchurch. In that memorial the petitioners
after reciting the different stages of belief that had induced
them to reject the doctrine of the atonement, stated that they
had now arrived at a state which had been called by their
neighbours the mystery of inquity. The trustees yielded to
the prayer of this petition, and granted the sum of 121. per
annum to a clergyman of the name of Ashworth, the pastor of
this congregation. In addition to this, it was clear, from the
books and tracts used, that the trustees were favourable to
Unitarians, as in those works on the subject of religion there
was contained nothing doctrinal which was not Unitarian.
The accounts of the trustees were also in evidence,
and from them it was apparent that they had favoured
to a great extent Unitarian doctrines. Mr. Wellbe-
loved received 80/. a-year from the funds of Lady
Hewley's Charity, under the recommendation of a poor
preacher of Christ's Holy Gospel, although it had been proved
that he was in the receipt of upwards of 3001. a-year from Man-
chester College. Such was, in fact, the substance of the case
of his clients. That Lady Hewley was a believer in original
sin, the doctrine of the atonement and the Trinity, no person
could doubt, if was clear from the expression of the deed, and
that being so, no reasonable person could entertain a doubt
that the trustees had committed a great breach of trust
in applying the funds of the religious foundress of this Cha-
rity to the spread of sentiments completely at variance with
those she professed. As he (Mr. Knight) understood the
defence it was this, that Lady Hewley was a Latitudinarian,
and of universally tolerate doctrines; that as such she was
anxious for nothing but the promotion of the reading of the
Bible and belief therein, without reference to any particular
mode of exercising that belief. Now upon what ground could
it be said that Lady Hewley was indifferent to all creeds ; it
was contrary to every act of her life to suppose so ; she had
inculcated a particular creed, and she had directed Bowles'
Catechism to be used, which asserted the doctrine of Original
Sin, which was rejected by the Unitarians. With respect to
the law of the case, he (Mr. Knight) considered it useless to
occupy the time of the Court, as he should have the opportu-
nity of replying to any arguments that might be brought for-
ward by his Learned Friend. On the whole, he trusted if
their Lordships should be of opinion that there was any error
in the Vice-Chancellor's Decree, it was an error of leniency
towards the defendant, which his client did not wish to correct.
Mr. KINDERSLEY, who was on the same side with Mr.
Knight, commenced reading the evidence. The first fact
read was the answer of the Rev. C. Wellbeloved, in which he
stated, among other things, that up to the period of the filing
of the present information, he received an annual stipend of
801. out of Lady Hewley's charity-fund, as a Godly Preacher
of the Holy Gospel, at the Chapel of St. Saviour, York.
That he was one of the Trustees of this charity, and
did not think it was intended for the support of any
particular worship ; that he should not take upon him-
self to say what were the doctrines or belief of the con-
gregation that attended St. Saviour's chapel, as he had
never inquired ; but he believed they agreed with his own,
from the fact of their attending his preaching. The other
trustees, in their answer, stated that much apprehension ex-
isted as to the tenets of the Unitarians, that they were Chris-
tians and Protestant Dissenters of the Presbyterian denomina-
tion, and that they believed in the divine mission of Jesus
Christ, and that they gave a full and cordial assent to the
doctrines contained in the Holy Scriptures ; but that they did
not any where find in the Scriptures a Trinity of persons, and
they rejected the doctrine of the individuality or personality of
the Holy Ghost as not warranted by the Scriptures ; that with
respect to Bowles' Catechism, it differed from that set forth in
the Book of Common Prayer, inasmuch as the former did not
use the term " God" with reference either to the Son or the
Holy Ghost ; and they farther believed that though man might
be born in sin, yet that he would not perish everlastingly, unless
he wilfully transgressed the commands of God. The learned
Counsel then referred to the evidence given by several mini-
sters of various denominations in this cause, and first to that
of Mr. Ashworth, the minister of the new church in Rosen-
dale, who stated that he was called a Cookite, the name of
the minister who preceded him having been Cooke ; that be
was an Independent, not that he belonged to the class of per-
sons called Independents, but because his chapel was indepen-
ent of any other ; that he was an Unitarian, because St. Paul
said, " To us there is but one God," and Jesus Christ said
to the woman of Samaria, " The true worshippers worship the
Father."

Mr. ROLFE objected to this evidence. The witness was a
very ignorant and fanatical man.
Lord LYNDHURST—How does that appear ?
Mr. ROLFE—By his own evidence. He says he is a Cook-
ite, and an Independent, not because—
Lord LYNDHURST—Why should you be so intolerant, Mr.
Rolfe ?

Mr. KNIGHT-I suppose my friend thinks with Baxter, that
the witness is an intolerable person.—( A laugh.)
Mr. ROLFE—I do not think there is any thing intolerant in
calling this man very ignorant--at all events, he is extremely
presumptuous. The Learned Counsel then proceeded to ob-
ject to his evidence being received.
After some further argument, the Court admitted the ex-
hibit. The Learned Counsel then read the evidence of Dr.
Smith, a Trinitarian Dissenter of great eminence at Hackney,
and Divinity tutor of the Dissenting College at Homerton,
who stated that Bowles' Catechism was Trinitarian, and could
not be accepted by Unitarians, as it excluded such persons
from salvation. The Learned Counsel also read the evidence
of the Rev. Dr. Bennett, of Silver-street Chapel, which was
to a similar effect.
The LORD CHANCELLOR here said that the rest of the evi-
dence must be proceeded with to-morrow, as he was obliged
to be elsewhere. With respect to the further hearing of the
case, which he had no idea would have occupied so great a
portion of time, he could only say that to-morrow being the
first day of the meeting of Parliament, he should not be
able to sit longer than one o'clock. Friday and Satur-
day were days appropriated for the hearing of petitions.
On Monday, Mr. Baron Alderson would be under the neces-
sity of sitting in the Court of Exchequer ; the King's Speech
would be delivered on Tuesday ; he (the Lord Chancellor)would
not be able to sit. on that day ; and on Thursday Mr. Baron Al-
derson would have to leave town for his circuit. It would
therefore be apparent that the evidence, and the evidence
only, could be got through.
Mr. KNIGHT, under such circumstances, regretted that the
case had been commenced.

The LORD CHANCELLOR was sorry that unforeseen circum-
stances rendered it impossible to proceed further than he had
dated with the case ; he would do all he could to assist the
parties.
Mr. ROLFE said that he would be as short as he could in
his address to the Court; if their Lordships would give Fri-
day and Saturday to its consideration, great progress would be
effected.

The LORD CHANCELLOR would consider the subject, and
decide upon the course to pursue to-morrow.
The Court then rose.

SHIPPING-(THIS DAY.)

(FROM LLOYD'S.)

DEAL, FEB. 17.—Wind W.N.W.—Krrived the Transit,
Patterson, from Dublin ; and Friends, Beernare, from Water-
ford. Arrived from the river, and sailed, the Cameron!,
Mackie, from Berbice ; and Penningham, Green, from ditto,
not the Copernicus, reported by error.
PORTSMOUTH, FEB. 17. —Wind W. N. W.
PLYMOUTH, FEB. 16.—Wind W. N. W.
FALMOUTH, FEB. 16.—Wind N. W.

LIVERPOOL, FEB. 16.—The Comola, Miller, for Bahia,
was run foul of by a flat last night in the river, and had her
bowsprit carried away. Arrived the Elizabeth, Ogilvy, from
Apalachiola ; Orozembo, Bartlett, from New Orleans, and
Jamaica, Cunningham, from Savannah. Off port the Thomas
Tucker, - from Oporto.
DARTMOUTH, FEB. 17.-Arrived off port the Montgomery,
Shackford, from New Orleans.

LEGHORN, FRB. 7.—Yesterday a very heavy gale was ex.
perienced for some hours from N. W.
GIBRALTAR, JAN. 26.—0 n the 21st inst., the Board o
Health ordered that arrivals from the ports of Morocco (Tan•
giers excepted), without enumerating goods, are to be sub.
jetted to a quarantine of observation of seven days; and with
to fourteen days.

The Hamburg, Spence, bound to Hull, was driven on shore
at Palermo on the 24th ult, but was got off the following day,
with loss of rudder and very leaky, and would be obliged to
discharge.
The Love, Oliveig, from Riga to Hull; put into Rasvaag
leaky, and must discharge.
The St. Johannes, Conner, bound to Newcastle, put into
Old Hellesand leaky, and must discharge.
The Gertrude, Freeman, from New York to Newry, put
into Norfolk on the 15th ult., after being captured and da-
maged on the 28th of December.
The Tribune, frOm Liverpool to Constantinople, was on
shore in the Dardanelles on the 17th ult., but expected to be
got off after discharging part of the cargo.

Post-office Notice.—His Majesty's brig Espoir, for the
Lisbon mail of the 17th, detained. Letters in time to mor-
row evening, the 19th.

THE MARKETS-(THIS DAY).

CORN EXCHANGE.
There are tolerable good arrivals of Grain this week, with much
left on hand from former supplies. The Wheat trade remains heavy
at the terms of Monday. Barley, Beans, and Pease are without
variation. Oats are not any cheaper to-day, but but there is not
psych doing in the trade. Flour unvaried.

English
Irish
Foreign

ARRIVALS,
What arley. Oats. 1 II our
3,620 qrs 2,050 1
100 qrs 2,f)40 qm, : 4,'A,0 sacks
3.7511 1 ---
-

It is reported that Sir Robert Wilson's appoint-
ment to the Cornmissionorshlp of the lonian islanas, as
well as several others by the new Ministers, are prudently
kept waiting the result of the first few votes of the House
of Commons.