The Sun.
London, England, 1859-05-13 00:00:00

THE SUN, LONDON, FRIDAY EVENING, MAY 13, 1859.

t.I.RAND REVIEW at ALDERSHOT CAMP,
kA in presence of Her Majesty, on MONDAY, 16th May.
Trains will leave Waterloo-bridge Station, for Farnborough,
at 8, 9•30, and 1015, a.m. Returning in the afternoon at 3,
4,10, and 6•30 p.m. Horses will be conveyed by the 8 and 9'30
a.m. trains.

GREAT WESTERN RAILWAY.-
A Cheap EXCURSION TRAIN will leave Paddington
at 10.15 a.m. on MONDAY, May 16th, for Oxford (Fares,
6s 6d and 4s), Banbury (8s and ss), Leamington and Warwick
(10s 6d and 68), Birmingham (12s and 78), West Bromwich,
Wednesbury, and Bilston (12s 6d and 7s 6d), Wolverhampton
(13s and 8s), Wellington and Shrewsbury (17s and 10s), Llan-
Lollen-road and Chester (18s 6d and 11s), and Birkenhead and
iverpool (218 and 12s 6d), returning on Saturday. 21st of May,
from Liverpool at 10.30 a.m., and intermediate stations as per
h ndbills.

BANK OF BRITISH NORTH AMERICA,
Incorporated by Royal Charter.

_
The Directors of the BANK OF BRITISH NORTH
AMERICA do hereby give notice that the Yearly GENERAL
MEETING of Proprietors will be held, pursuant to the Deed
of Settlement on TUESDAY, the 7th June next, at the office
of the Corporation, 70, St. Helen's-place, Bishopsgate-street,
at One o'clock precisely, when the election of Three Directors,
in the room of those going out by the provisions of the Deed
will take place ; also the election of a Director in the place of
Sir Andrew Pellet Green, K.C.H., deceased.
By order of the Court,
C. M`NAB, Secretary.
London, 9th May, 1859.

THE LONDON.—The attention of Gentlemen
is especially draWn to the advantages offered in these
elegant and spacious Saloons, which fulfil all the require-
ments of a West-end club of the most aristocratic and exclu-
sive character.
L'on trouve dans la Salle de Lecture non seulement les
meilleurs journeaux Anglais, ma's aussi Allemand, Francais,
et Beige.
F. SAWYER, Proprietor, 191, Fleet-street.

THE LONDON.—S AW Y E R'S famous
LONDON DINNER, consisting of two soups. two
fish, two entrees,joints, two sweets, cheese, and salad, at a
fixed charge of 28. 6d. (attendance, 3d.), is served from Two
till Eight in the spacious Saloon.
In the Coffee-room, Dinners from the joint, with vegetables,
cheese, and salad, Is. 6d. (attendance 3d.), and soup, fish, en-
trées, &c., a la carte, are served from One till Nine o'clock.
Ladies' Private Rooms and Dining Saloons. Spacious and
well-ventilated Wine, Coffee, and Smoking Saloon.
An extensive and carefully selected stock of Rhenish, Mo-
selle, and other Wines, imported expressly for the London
Dinner. Open on Sundays from Four till Nine.
F. SAWYER, Proprietor, 191, Fleet-street.

THE PATRICIAN. This Establishment is
now Open for first-class DINNERS, LUNCHEONS,
&c. The PATRICIAN DINNER, in the large Dining-room,
at 2s. 6d., comprising Soup, Fish, Entrees, Joints, Pastry,
Cheese, &c. The Wines with corresponding economy. In.
the Coffee-room, Dinners and Refreshments kla carte. Spe-
cial attention is invited to the numerous Private Apartments
for the Patrician Dinner, at ss. The Smoking and Chess-
room combines comfort and elegance. The lavatories, Testi-
bylles, and spacious entrance, with the general unique arrange-
ments, ensure an acknowledgment that this noble Mansion is
worthy of its title—THE PATRICIAN. Open at Five on
Sundays. Wedding Breakfasts and Ball Suppers, with first-
class attendance.

Orders, addressed to J. HOLMES and CO., The Patrician,
New Coventry-street, will have the best attention.
N.B.—Whitebait, in perfection, served daily. Hampers
packed for the Derby.

T HORLE Y's MUG.

SCOTCH AND PALE ALES. - JOHN
AITCHISON and Co., beg to inform the Trade that
they have OPENED their NEW STORES at BROKEN-
WHARF, 41, UPPER THAMES-STREET, where their un-
rivalled Stock of Scotch and Pale Ales may be seen, tasted,
and found superior to any in the market.
J. A. and Co. will be happy to see any of the Trade at
Broken-wharf, and to submit them samples of the various
qualities.

Agent—JAMES STODART.

CONTRACT FOR COPPER.

Department of the Storekeeper General of the Navy,
Somerset-place, 9th May, 1859.
THE COMMISSIONERS for EXECUTING
THE OFFICE of LORD HIGH ADMIRAL of the
UNITED KINGDOM of GREAT BRITAIN and IRE-
LAND, DO HEREBY GIVE NOTICE, that on TUES-
DAY, the 17th instant, at Two o'Clock, they will be
ready to treat with such Persons as may be willing to Con-
tract for supplying her Majesty's Dockyard at Chatham with
COPPER, in ingots about 1 cwt. each 6O tons
Do. do. about 1} cwt. each
Do. (Tough Cake)
The conditions of the contract, and a form of the tender
may be seen at the said Office. No tender will be received
after Two o'clock on the day of treaty, nor will any be no-
ticed, unless the party attends, or an agent for him duly
authorised in writing.
Every tender must be addressed to the Secretary of the
Admiralty, and bear in the left-hand corner the words " Ten-
der for Copper," and must be delivered at Somerset-place,
accompanied by a letter signed by two responsible per-
sons, engaging to become bound with the person tendering
in the sum of £5,000 for the due performance of the Contract.

, impeding the growth of prosperty at home, the
• government of the United States has been eminently
successful, its people have been more prosperous,
; and no Government has managed its foreign rela-
tions more acutely. Nevertheless, no Government
is more despised in Europe than the Republican
• Government of the United States, because it rolls on
the wheels of sordid corruption. And what is the
chief objection made by the most enlightened portion
of the people of Europe, who still groan under
despotism and yet fear to shake it off, to our
Government? Why, that everything, including
honour, and virtue, and:power, is bought and sold,
and has a money price. They are very much in
error, but their belief is partly justified by the
continual repetition of such accusations as those
made at Carlisle, and the continual recurrence of
corrupt practices not confined to any one party. The
Tory First Lord of the Admiralty may use a packet
contract to serve Tory purposes. But the vast sum
expended in this service mentioned by Sir James
Graham is the work of the opponents of the Tories.
At the Tynemouth election, very recently, Mr.
Lindsay asserted that he had visited Dover as one
of the commissioners for inquiring into harbours of
refuge, and had satisfied himself that a large portion
of the annual expense now incurred for the port
there might be spared. From his statement,
and what Sir James Graham tells us, we cannot
avoid suspecting that successive Administrations
have bribed the electors of Dover, as Lord Derby is
said to have bribed the electors of Galway, by
directing a fertilising stream of the public revenue
into their laps.
On this occasion we cannot avoid recollecting'
that the Government expenditure under the head
of Miscellaneous has gone on increasing year by
year, and much of it, now amounting to £7,000,000
a year, we may now suspect is applied for purposes
no more honourable nor useful than to seduce elec-
tors. Though our neighbours are grossly in error,
they find in such facts sufficient reasons for not
hastily discarding their own systems of Government,
and for distrusting some of our commendations.
Thus the system of corruption which is lightly
treated helps to keep alive despotism abroad, while
it debases our own people. The first fatal step in
most men towards crime is the severance of honest
resolutions from the acts which are their natural
and appropriate consequences ; and the kind of
bribery described by Sir J. Graham saps morality
e must heartily
at its foundation, by seducing men to act contrary
thisto t
is
heirdopnoelitbiycatlhepublicconvictions.money, w
When we find that
condemn a system which wrings taxation from
the people to continue a degradation that helps to
destroy the influence of Representative Government
in Europe.—Daily News.

ELECTION INTELLIGENCE,

WEST RIDING.-THE DECLARATION.

The declaration took place from the hustings at
Wakefield yesterday morning, in the presence of
from 15,000 to 20,000 people.
The High Sheriff (Sir J. M. Pilkington) appeared
in front of 'the hustings a few minutes before one,
andaccompanied
tthe
deputy
(W. Gray, Esq.)
by
and imme-
diately proceeded to declare the poll. He sthheeri
sheriff
under sheriff
Esq.)
said—
Gentlemen, I find that the result of the poll is as
follows :
Sir John William Ramsden 15,978
Mr. Frank Crossley • • • . 15,401
Hon. J. S. Wortley 13,636
(Cheers.) I therefore declare Sir John William
Ramsden, Bart., and Frank Crossley, Esq., to be
duly elected as knights of the shire,to serve in Par-
liament for the West Riding of the county of York.
The hon. members then put on their cocked hats,
and girded themselves with their swords ; after
which
The UNDER-SHERIFF read the writ, declaring
their return.

Sir J. W. RAMSDEN then proceeded to address the
assembly, and was received with an enthusiastic
burst of applause. He said—Mr. High Sheriff,
electors, ' and non-electors of the West Riding, I
return you my warmest thanks. I offer you my sin-
cerest congratulations. (Cheers, aid a voice—
" What for bribery and intimidation.") The battle
has been yours, and bravely you have fought it.
(Cheers.) The victory is your own, and nobly have
you won it. (Cheers.) The struggle has been severe.
(No, no, from the Conservatives.) It has been
severe, for our opponents are.strong,-ana=well have
they maintained the fight. :(Cheers from the Con-
servatives.) The prize was worthy of the contest,
and it is yours. (Loud cheers.) Before the battle,
I said I would not boast ; and now that the victory
is won I will not exult. I rejoice that our oppo-
nents are so strong as they are, for it is their
strength in which consists our victory. (Cheers.) It
is their prowess which doubles the splendour of our
success. I told you before that this was no personal
contest. (Hear, hear.) It is not whether my hon.
colleague and myself, or the right hon. gentleman
who opposed us, should have this seat in the House
of Commons ; it is not that. We are in ourselves
nothing; we are but the humble instruments of
your power, the indicators of your will. (Cheers.)
'We are the straws thrown up to show the direction
of the wind. (Hear, hear.) It was a far more im-
portant question. Great principles were at stake—
a great and illustrious reputation was in jeopardy
—the West Riding was such trial, and we were called
to do battle in defence of those principles for which
our fathers had fought in days of yore. Bravely
have you fought that battle—(" Barnsley to wit")—
you have shown that you are not degenerate ;
you have proved that you are worthy of your great
traditions—(cheers)—that you are true to the prin-
ciples for which your illustrious champions have
done battle in days of old. (Cheers.) You have
shown that you still value religious liberty—
(cheers)—that peace is still precious in your eyes;
that you are still attached to commercial freedom
—(cb.eers)----that reform is still the watchword of
your party—(loud cheers)—and that political pro-
gress is the beacon of your course. (Renewed
cheers.) Well have you fought and nobly have
you won. You have won a victory not here alone,
but in the eyes of England, which were concen-
trated upon your fight. (Cheers.) I told you on
Saturday that it was for us to redress the balance
—(A voice—We have)—that the cause of Liberal
principles was committed to your hands ; that with
you it rested whether those principles should be
borne up victorious or cast down in defeat.
(Cheers.) Your answer cannot be misunderstood.
(Loud cheers.) And I rejoice to think that though
we have had a fierce contest—though we have won
a decisive victory—we have done so in perfect good
humour. (Cries of " Barnsley," and interruptions
from the Conservatives.) I say here to our oppon-
ents, I don't accuse them of acting an unworthy
part in this contest --("11You can't)—and I trust that
they will be able to bear the same testimony to us.
(" No, no," from the Conservatives, and counter
cheers.) Yorkshiremen are always fond of fair
play, and never enjoy it so much as when they
fight with each other—(a laugh)—but though two
parties can fight, and gallantly so too, only one can
win, and therefore it is that I trust those who are
defeated to-day will feel no bitterness—(cries of
" Hear, hear," from Mr. Wortley)—and that we
who have the triumph will give way to no ungene-
rous exultation. (Cheers.) This is indeed a great
day for the West Riding. We have shown that
we are worthy of our great position. (Cheers.)
Long may we continue in the same course—
(cheers)—long may the West Riding continue firm
to the principles it has ever upheld—(cheers)—
long may it continue undivided and unimpaired,
to stand the first and foremost amongst the
constituencies of England. (Loud cheers.) And
as its size is the greatest—as its importance is
the most overwhelming—long may it continue to
be the staunchest champion of the great principles
of peace, of progress, and of reform. (Loud
cheers.)
Mr. CROSSLEY next presented himself, and was
received with enthusiastic cheers, which were
again repeated. He said—Gentlemen, from the
bottom of my heart I thank you for the noble vic-
tory you have won this day. Defeat flatters no
man, and I would not light up a straw to make that
defeat worse to bear by my right hon. opponent
than the fact makes it. (Hear.) For seven years I
have had the honour of a seat in Parliament, along
with that right hon. gentleman, and during the
whole of that time I have received nothing at his
hands but courtesy and respect. (Hear.) Gentle-
men, there is something about his manly bearing,
there is something in his unadorned but natural
oratory, that I for one shall be sorry to be deprived
of. (Hear.) I think the right hon. gentleman has
not been well used on this occasion. (Laughter,
cheers, and an exclamation, " By his own friends.")
His friends, who induced him to give up a high
and.honourable position, told him that they could
return him for the West Riding at the head of the
poll. (" They never could.") They deceived him
when they told him so—(hear)—and if they did
not know they were doing so they ought to have
done. (Hear.) I remember some time ago that the
right hon. gentleman told me in the lobby of the
House of Commons that he found it very hard work
to fight the battle of conservatism in the borough
of Halifax. He has now found that it is much more

difficult to fight the battle of conservatism in the
West Riding of Yorkshire—(hear)—for there he
is beaten by fifties and by hundreds, but here he is
beaten by thousands. (Cheers, and " No, no.") Al-
though the right hon. gentleman may not be able
to come in for Bute, I hope he will be able to come
in for some constituency that is conservative in its
principles—some constituency where they have
not so many penny papers flying about every
day, where they only get the news after it is a
week old, where they have the blue sky above
them, and the greensward below them, but not the
opportunity of rubbing together so often as you
have in the West Riding, and of ascertaining each
other's opinions. These are the places that Con-
servatism might seek to represent, but the time is
gone by for a Conservative to be returned for the
West Riding of Yorkshire. (Cheers, and cries of
" No, no.")
The Right Hon. J. S. WORTLEY also addressed
the meeting, and, although defeated, spoke in no
desponding strain, admitting that the victory had
been fairly won.
A vote of thanks to the High Sheriff terminated
the proceedings.

LIEUT.-COLONEL MACDOUGALL ON
THE WAR IN ITALY IN 1796.

Yesterday an exceedingly interesting and in-
structive lecture on the French war in Italy in
1796, was delivered in the lecture-hall of the United
Service Institution, by Lieutenant-Colonel Mac-
dougall, commandant Royal Staff College, Sand-
hurst. The hall was crowded by a very select
attendance of ladies and gentlemen, and amongst
the latter we noticed his Royal Highness the
Count de Paris, Major-General the Hon. Sir Ed-
ward Cust, K.C.H., who presided; Sir C. Pasley,
Sir D. Macdougall, General Drummond, General
Cameron, General Lawrence, General Low, Colonel
Hamilton, Colonel Lambert, Captain Atkinson,
Captain Macguire, General Alexander, Colonel
Lloyd, Dr. Lloyd, &e.
Lieutenant-Colonel MACDOUGALL, after a few
introductory observations from the Chairman, pro-
ceeded with what was really a very able and com-
prehensive outline of the great French-Italian
campaigns of 1796, and the clear manner in which
the colonel laid the most important events before
his auditory elicited frequent warm manifestations
of applause. He said that at the request cf the
council of the institution he had determined upon
making the subject matter of his present discourse
the campaign of Napoleon I. in Italy, in 1796, as
being particularly interesting at the present
moment, when the same scenes were being again so
conspicuously brought before the public. It was
remarkable to observe that, after the lapse of so
many years, the same military evolutions were
being pursued—or rather were reproduced—and
hostile armies were placed in the position of former
times, while it was peculiar to observe that the same
contending parties were about to moisten with their
blood the soil which previously received the blood
of their forefathers. A short consideration,
however, of the particular positions of hostile armies
in the campaign of 1796 and the present day would
easily convince them that this arose from the nature
of the country, which, in certain parts, by moun-
tainous and barren regions or fertility determined
the line of military operations. Thus in many cases
the precise spots could be pointed out where
decisive battles would be fought, and in con-
sequence of this all eyes were now turned to
the battle-field of Marengo as being the
probable scene of another great battle, the
position of the Austrians at the present time being
such as was taken up by the first Napoleon in 1796.
Well, to proceed with his remarks upon that cam-
paign. The first coalition against France, it would
be remembered, was in 1792, and he would refer
his auditory to the moving events that took place
between that year and 1796 to history, and not
having sufficient time to enter into details, he would
confine his remarks to the principal and important
operations in the latter year. He proposed, how-
ever, to describe more particularly the opening
movements of the campaign, which resulted in the
battle of Martanello and the combinations of
Napoleon which preceded the passage of the Po at
Piacenza, as being of interest at the present mo-
ment. In the year 1796 Sardinia was allied with
Austria and England against France; the line of
demarcation- between the French on the one side,
and the combined Austrians and Sardinians on the
other, being divided into two parts. The section
was formed by the mountains from the Little St.
Bernard in the Col di Argentera, the southern part
of the line of demarcation being formed by the crest
of the maritime or southern Alps, which extended
from the Col di Argentera to the Col di Cadibona
above Savona. The French army, styled the Army
of the Alps, under Kellerman, guarded the western
section, while the Army of Italy under Napoleon occu-
pied the southern line (the lecturer by means of map*
pointed out most minutely as he went on every parti-
cular position alluded to, which greatly added to the
interest of his address, as the audience becoming also
spectators could closely watch the strategical and
extraordinary foresight of Napoleon and the con-
summation of his remarkably well laid plans). The
disadvantage of occupying such positions for any
length of time against an enemy in Piedmont was
at once apparent, for the different French corps
posted on the summits of the mountain passes along
this extensive line were unable to communicate
with each other but by a long, painful march, and
it took 20 days to go from one extremity of the line
to the other. The Sardinians, on the other hand,
posted within the concavity of this vast circum•
ference, and able to march between any two points
by the shortest line possible, could throw themselves
, in force on any point they might desire to attack
or defend on a far shorter notice than the French
would require to concentrate their forces there.
The French likewise found great difficulty in sup-
plying their troops, owing to the badness of the
roads ; while on the rich plains of Italy their
enemies were abundantly fed, and, to add to their
strategical advantages, the French had to contend
with the climate, so that they lost in fact as many
men in three months from these causes as would
have sufficed for n general action. To penetrate
into Piedmont through the western barrier an army
would have to operate by one of of the five passes of
Argentera, La Croix, Mont Geneive, Mont Cenis,
or the Little St. Bernard. First, from the Col di
Argentera three valleys lead into Piedmont, viz.,
those of Stura, the Maria, and the Vraita, which
were guarded respectively by the forts of Deminte,
Genla, and Castel Delfin. Second, from the Col de la
Croix two valleys lead into Piedmont, viz., that of
St. Martin and Pragelato, guarded by Dignerolo
and Fenestrelles—an army proceeding from Mont
Dauphin would operate by this pass. Thirdly, an
army operating from Briancon over Mont Geneive
might descend by the valley of Pragelato or by that
of Dora Riparia, guarded by Exilles and Susa.
Fourthly, an army coming from St. Jeanne Marienne
would march over Mont Cenis, and descend into
Piedmont by the valley of Susa. The lecturer then
pointed out the other approaches into Piedmont
from the Alpine districts, and continued : At the
commencement of the campaign Napoleon's only
line of communication with France lay through
Nice and his immediate base of operations might
be considered to have been the strip of country
between Nice and Savona, between the mounains
and the sea, the English having the command of
the sea, so that the French were thus debarred from
using it as a means of transport. The force at
Napoleon's disposal consisted of above 40,000 men,
in four divisions of infantry, under Generals Massena,
Augereau, Serrurier, and Laharpe ; and two divi-
sions of cavalry. When Napoleon joined the army
he found it in a state of great destitution as re-
garded food, clothing, transport, and supplies of
every kind. The men were starving, they were much
in arrears, and there was no money to pay them
with. Napoleon's first care was to provide for im-
mediate wants, to restore order, and to inspire his
troops with an ardent desire to engage the enemy
by appealing to the national love of glory, and by
convincing them that the only hope of an improve-
ment in their condition lay in a victorious advance.
On the yery day Napoleon arrived at the head-
quarters at Nice, on the 27th of March, he issued
the following proclamation to the troops, " Soldiers,
you are naked, and the Government is much in
your debt, but has nothing to give you. The
patience and courage you have displayed in this
desert of rocks are admirable. But these qualities
are unable to procure you any glory so long as you
remain here. am about to lead you into te most
fertile plains of the world. Rich provinces, great
cities will be your prize. You will find in that
rich country glory, honour, and wealth. Soldiers
of Italy, you will not be wanting in courage or
constancy." The lecturer next depicted the harass
and fatigue that had to be endured by Napoleon
before he could get his army into anything like a
state of organisation and efficiency, but this he did
between the 27th of March and the 9th of April,
when he made his first decisive movement ; and the
lecturer, after graphically describing Napoleon's
strategical movements, which ended in the start-
ling defeat of the Austrians at Montenottc—the
disjointed flight of the Austrian centre, pursued by