The Sun.
London, England, 1860-05-23 00:00:00

been compiled in a ponderous tome, by Sir EARDLEY
WILMOT—a volume which is, of itself, a monument
(ere perennius—and of which volume we have been
interested to note, that there has recently been
issued in a popular form a felicitous condensa-
tion. The reputation achieved for himself Lord
BROUGHAM, is, however, as manifold or many-sided,
as it is broad, or as it is elevated. It is the repu-
tation of a great orator, an indomitable law re-
former, a practical philanthropist, a luminous critic,
as one of the first and most laborious of the Edin-
burgh Reviewers, a versatile author, a persevering
and sagacious experimental philosopher.
It is curious while taking into account thus the as-
tonishing versatility which, in Lord BROUGHAM'S
intellect, is one of its distinguishing characteristics
—it is curious, we say, remarking this, to find him
in a manner inveighing against discursiveness in in-
tellectual labours as pernicious almost to the extent of
being absolutely reprehensible. " Though," argued

VIE ALLEGED DEFEAT OF GARI-

BALDI.

The Paris correspondent of the Times (Second
Edition), in his letter, dated May 22, says :
" If one may judge from the intense anxiety which
now prevails at the Neapolitan Legation here,
things must be in the worst possible condition in
Sicily ; and if the news came that orders had been
given by the Neapolitan Government for the with-
drawal of the Voyal troops from the theatre of the
contest, and of the complete surrender of the island
to the insurgents, no one would be surprised at
it. We are probibly destined to see before long
the example of Austria in Lombardy imitated by
the King of Naples with regard to Sicily. It is
thought that one of the first acts of Garibaldi will
be to proclaim a Dictatorship in the name of King
VictorEmmanuel,preparatory to the usual measures
for the annexation of Sicily to Piedmont. On
this point, however, it is said that the French
Minister at Turin has given the assurance to the
Neapolitan Minister at the same Court that France
would view with displeasure the annexation of the
Two Sicilies to the new Italian Kingdom. There is
a rumour (whether serious or a mere pleasantry I
cannot say), to the effect that the King of Naples
is disposed to grant a constitution to his people ;
hut, as his people have unfortunately but little
confidence in Royal concessions wrung under pre-
sent circumstances, the Imperial Government of
France would not refuse to guarantee the said
Constitution against the possibility of a coup d'etat,
or, as it is termed, a Bourbon Deux Deeembre. With
the guarantee of France, if the report be serious,
the subjects of his Neapolitan Majesty ought, of
course, to be satisfied. It would appear that an
understanding has been come to between General
Goyon, the Commander of the French army at
Rome, and General Lamoriciere, the Chief of the
Papal volunteers. The former remains in the city
to protect the Pope and keep the city tranquil ; the
latter will operate outside the walls. The Duke of
Grammont has arrived in Paris to take the verbal
instructions of the Emperor in the present emer-
gency. The Sardinian Government has again been
lectured for the ungrateful tardiness of the Parlia-
ment in ratifying the treaty for the surrender of
Savoy."

cant'.

Lord BROUGHAM in the course of his inaugural
address of Saturday, at Edinburgh—" Though the
acquisition of general knowledge is a primary duty,
and the confining our study within the narrow
limits of one or two branches enfeebles the mind,

impairing its powers, and even preventing an entire
mastery of the selected branches, yet it is on every
account highly expedient, indeed all but absolutely
necessary, to single out one branch as the main ob-
ject of attention." While saying this, in regard to
others, it is manifest, from his whole career, that
Lord BROUGHAM has himself singled out not one
branch alone, but many branches as especial and
peculiar objects of his attention. Jurisprudence,
for example—the natural sciences—metaphysics—
oratory—polite literature. Yet, having acted thus
himself he insists upon it that " This selection [of
one branch] is required by the impossibility of
thoroughly mastering different unconnected kinds
of knowledge, and the risk of distraction which

passing from one subject to another occasions, the

danger even of the greatest evil occurring—that of
superficial learning—the rule being inflexible that
no one subject or part of a subject must be studied
without going to the very bottom, fully and accu-
rately, of what he would learn ; not proposing to
ourselves, it may be, to go beyond a certain length,
but as far as we profess and purpose to go, becom;ng
thoroughlymaster of the subject." Adding, " There
is, however, an otheheason for selecting one especial
branch ; we thus draw, as it were, a meridian line
to which all our steps in other directions may be
referred." And immediately illustrating his ar-
guments asking his hearers " what might not have
been expected from the bold and happy conjectures
of FRANKLIN, under the guidance of the inductive
method, so familiar to him in all its rigour, had he
not devoted his life to the more important cause of
his country and her liberties ?" Enforcing his ar-
gument by these aptly chosen recollections culled
from the annals of science--"PmEmEr's discoveries,
all but accidental, however important, were con-
fined in their extent and perversely misapprehended
in their results by the controversies, religious and
political, which engrossed his attention through
life. DESCARTES, instead of the one great step which
the mathematics owe him, was destined to make
vast progress in physical science, and not to leave
his name known by a mere baseless hypothesis, had
he not been seduced by metaphysical speculation ;
and LEIBNITZ, but for the same seduction, joined to
his legal labours, would assuredly have come near
the Newtonian system in dynamics, as he had pre
ferred a just claim to share in its analytical renown."
As to the mere political or historical portion of
LordßnouGuAra's oration of Saturday, we shall con-
tent ourselves with remarking in regard to that
as Lord BROUGHAM remarked in this very spirit
in regard to -HUME the historian—" Bat that his
pole'e coal piVadices biassed his mind can havA'y oe
doubted." Lord BROUGHAY's view of the wars,
and the exploits, and the character of the Great
NAPOLEON are not those we believe of the world
at large—will certainly, we rest assured, not be these
of a remote posterity—are already,we feel convinced,
not those of the vast majority of intelligent Eng-
lishmen. The estimate formed upon these heads
by our fathers—are not our own—will not be those
of our children. The public opinion of to-day
has risen above the public opinion of yesterday.
We look back at those events serenely removed
from their darkening influences. We are not there in
the midst of the bloody dust raised by the conflict
and floating over those historic battlefields—cloud-
ing the vision and obscuring the judgments of the
actual combatants. The venerable orator who
descanted upon these famous themes at Edinburgh
on Saturday himself passed through those dust
clouds floating over to our sires and grandsires
from the European Continent, when NAPOLEON
the Great was bestriding the earth like a colossus.
They darken Lord BROUGHAM'S vision still, when
looking back to them, they still obscure even his
ordinarily clear and lofty judgment.
Turning from those distorted views of the fugi-
tive past to the nobler and severer allusions made
by Lord BROUGHAM to the eternal present, as re
vealed to us in this awful universe by the eye of
philosophy and the upward pointing finger of Re-
ligion, we listen delighted to the voice of this
" old man eloquent," reminding us in burning
words how truly Natural Theology stands at the
head of all the sciences, from the mere
fact of its tendency being pre-eminently sublime and
elevating. "It tells," he exclaims," of the creation
of things, of the mighty Power that fashioned and
sustains the universe, of the exquisite skill that
contrived the wings and beak and feet of insects,
invisible to the naked eye, and that lighted the
lamp of day, and launched into space comets
myriads of times larger than the earth, whirling
10,000 times swifter than a cannon ball, and 2,000
hotter than red-hot iron." And, reading these glow-
ing words, expressive of so much wondering adora-

tion, we remember that years ago the same grand

thought was articulated rhythmically, by Lord
BROUGHAM, in a harmonious "Hymn to the Creator,"
penned when the writer of it was far, indeed, from
having attained the age of an octogenarian. A
hymn in which we first read melodious words that
still cling to our remembrance—

" And Thou, too, madeit that floweret gay,
To glitter in the dawn ;
The hand that fired the lamp of day,
The blazing comet launched away,
Painted the velvet lawn."

It is at once impressive and most fitting that
thoughts like these, thus sung by him in melodious
numbers, when he was yet adolescent, should now
be echoed in mori:l ylemn accents by the lips of
Lord BROITGITAM, nos+ that he is surviving nmongbt
us—honoured for his great genius and his noble
achievements—a veteran octogenarian.

A Cabinet Council wes held yesterday at the
official residence of the First Lord of the Treasury in Dowr -
ing-street. The Ministers present were Viscount Palrue! -
sten, the Lord Chancellor, Earl Granville, the Duke of
Argyll, Sir G. C. Lewis, Lord J. Russell, the Duke of
Newcastle, the Right Hon. Sidney Herbert, Sir Charlcs
Wood, the Chancellor of the Exchequer, the Duke of Some] -
set, the Right Hon. T. Milner Gibson, Sir George Grey,
the Right Hon. C. P. Villiers, and the Riglat Hon. E.
Cardwell.

Their Royal Highnesses the Duchess of Cam-
bridge and the Princess Mary, attended by Lady Geraldine
Somerset and Colonel Home Purves, honoured the Duchess
of Inverness by their company at dinner on Monday even-
ing, at Kensington Palace, Ithere a distinguished company
joined the circle.

THE '7 SUN, LONDON, WEDNESDAY EVENING, MAX 23, 1860,

(OFFICIAL.)

krilES r
•1 NEIVI‘‘,

The following telegrams have been received at
Mr. Renter's office :

ROME, MAY 22.
A band of 500 volunteers have entered Tus-

A battalion of Pontifical chasseurs fired upon
each other in error. A captain, lieutenant, and five
soldiers were killed thereby.
Artillery has left Rome to-day for the frontiers.

PARIS, MAY 22.
The Opinion Nationale says :—The report that
Bixio has been killed is unfounded.

The same journal also says :—The despatch of a
French naval force to the Adriatic is spoken of.
The official journal of Naples of the 18th inst.
statcs that Garibaldi is in Sicily.

TURIN, MAY 22.

A message dated Palermo, 20th inst., evening,
states that a rumour was current that Garibaldi
had obtained a decided victory at Monreale.

ROME (VIA MARSEILLES), MAY 22.

The Piedmontese Government has prosecuted
the Bishop of Forli for suspending the priests who
assisted at the celebration of the "Te Deum" at
Bologna in honour of the Sardinian constitution.

MARSEILLES, MAY 22.

The Duke of Grammont, who left Rome on leave,
has arrived here by the mail steamer, which has
also brought Count Buol.

VIENNA, MAY 22.

Notwithstanding the reports current to the con-
trary, the French Ambassador was present to-day
at the ceremony of the inauguration of the monu-
ment which has been erected in honour of the
Archduke Charles, the victorious hero of Aspern.

TRIESTE, MAY 22.

According to posterior instructions received from,
Vienna, the Austrian flotilla, under the command
of the Commodore von Wiillersdorff, will be pro-
visionally confined to cruising off the Neapolitan
coasts in the Adriatic, without crossing the Straits
of Messina.

BERLIN, MAY 22.

The assembling of an Eastern Conference, for
which Prussia, Austria, and England do not ap-
pear very solicitous, still appears uncertain.

PARIS, MAY 22.

It is asserted that the Turkish Ambassador has
protested against the projected inquiry into the
treatment of the Christians in Turkey, as attacking
the sovereignty of the Sultan.

CONSTANTINOPLE, MAY 21.

Instructions have been forwarded to the Turkish
diplomatic agents abroad, informing them that the
Sultan questions the competence of the Powers to
institute the inquiry proposed by Russia. The
Sultan invokes Article 9 of the Treaty of Paris
dated March 30, 1856.

The Marquis de Lavalette was received to-day in
solemn audience by the Sultan.
The Marquis has addressed the principal French
residents in Constantinople in a speech which has
produced a sensible effect on the Bourse, and caused
a considerable rise in the quotations of foreign ex-
change.

VIENNA, I\IAY 23.
Count Thun, the Austrian ambassador at St.
Petersburg, has arrived here.
It is not true that the Emperor will deliver a
spanh at the opening of the Council of the Empire.

ROME, MAY 23.

The official Giornale di Roma, in speaking of the
combat of the 19th inst. at Montofiascone, says,
" that owing to the darkness of the night the Pon-
tifical troops wounded seven of their comrades, mis-
taking them for filibusters.
The customs' guard at Onano (?) were over-
powered by the filibusters, who, after plundering
the country, re-entered Tuscany.
The peasantry ask to be armed.
Papal troops will immediately leave Rome for the
frontier.

The Giornale di Roma also contains the follow-
ing :—" The news from Sicily is favourable to the
Neapolitan Government."

GARIBALDI'S EXPEDITION.
MALTA, MAY 16.

After the arrival of her Majesty's ship Inflexible
with the news of the landing of Garibaldi at Mar-
sala, her Majesty's ship Assurance was sent to
gather further particulars. She returned to Malta
on the 14th. The following is the official report of
the captain :—" Garibaldi on arriving at Marsala
sent a telegram to Messina, and then cut the tele-
graph wires. He left Canieatti on the morning of
the 12th with 1,800 men and 150 recruits from
Marsala. He is expected to march soon on Paler-
mo, to organise the insurgents there, and has been
very well received at Canicatti. Girgenti is quiet,
the people not knowing who had landed; but the
authorities had despatched 2,000 troops to follow
up Garibaldi-1,000 by sea and 1,000 by land."
It appears that Garibaldi ran into Marsala about
3 p.m., and steered direct for the pier. Each man
had two breach-loading rifles, a revolver, and
sword; and there were eight waggons and four
guns. The whole were landed in one hour and a
half. All but about 400 were in Marsala before the
Neapolitan steamers opened fire.
About 20 minutes after they entered Marsala the
Neapolitan steamers came up, and sent a boat on
board one of the English men-of-war—we had two
there, the Argus and Intrepid—to ask if it was an
English force landing. Receiving an answer
in the negative the boat returned, and the ves-
sels ran in beating to quarters; but it was some
time before they began to fire, and not till all the
troops had quitted the vessels. They gave one or two
lame excuses for this, such as that they feared to
fire lest they should kill some of the boats' crews of
the English men-of-war, who were on shore ; or
they feared to damage the property of Mr. Ingham
and Mr. Woodhouse, near which the men landed,
as the English Government always insisted on the
Neapolitans paying very highly for any damage
done by them to any Englishman's property. The
Neapolitan captain sent on board the Argus, re-
questing the captain to send on board the two Sar-
dinian steamers and demand their surrendering.
This the captain declined, stating that he had to
keep the most rigid neutrality. The Neapolitan
boats then very cautiously approached the Sar-
dinian steamers, and with great care and much
watching one man was at length bold enough to
ascend the side, and shortly after he was seen bran-
dishing his sword with much gesticulation, and
proclaiming the steamer a prize. Not a soul was
on beard ; both vessels had been completely aban-
doned.

To return to Garibaldi ; he immediately tele-
graphed his arrival to Messina, and then destroyed
the wires, hastily armed 700 volunteers, who
offered at Marsala, and on the 12th set out towards
Palermo. He was received with great enthusiasm
at Canicatti, and the conquest of the island is con-
sidered as certain. There is a confidence and de-
cision about Garibaldi that augurs well for the,
success of his enterprise.

We have a, vast number of Sicilian refugees in,