The Sun.
London, England, 1860-04-02 00:00:00

A. MOST LAUGHABLE STEREOGRAM.
Ist of APRIL,
MIC S
By CROWQUILL. Photographed by U N.
LONDON STEREOSCOPIC COMPANY,
54, CHEAPSIDE, AND 313, OXFORD-S I'REET.
POST FREE FOR 18 STAMPS. MUST ORDER EA_RLY

BENSON'S WATC H E S.
" Perfection of mechanism."--Morning Post.
Gold Watches 4 to 100 guineas.
Silver Watches
33 and 34, Ludgate-hill, London, E.C.
Bend 2 stamps for Benson's Illustrated Pamphlet on Watches

ADELPHI, NEW THEATRE-ROYAL.
Sole Proprietor and Manager, Mr. Benj. Webster.
Most powerful attraction for the Holidays. Adelphi Drama

and Grand Extravaganza.
On Easter Monday, April 9, will be reproduced the popular
original Adelphi drama of THE DEAD HEART. Robert
Landry Mr. B. Webster (who will make his first appearance
since his return from his greatly successful provincial tour);
Messrs. P. Bedford, J. L. Toole, David Fisher, Stuart, C. J.
Smith, Billiogton, Eburne, Powell, homer, Page; MissWool-
gar, Miss K. Kelly, Miss Laidlaw.

After which (first time at this theatre), the Grand Musical
Fairy Extravaganza, by J. Ti. P:anche, Esq.. of THE FAIR
ONE. WITH THE GOLDEN LOCKS. King Lachr7moso,
Mr..J. L. Toole; Connt I'leniposo, Mr. P. Bedford; Viscount
Verysoso, Mr. C. J. Qmith ; Graceful. Miss Woolgar ; Queen
I.ucidora, Miss Emily Thorne (her first appearance at this
theatre) ; Mollmopsa, Miss K. Kelly.
Box-office open from 10 till 5 on Thursday the sth, and on
Saturday the 7th. Private boxes, .£2 2s. ; Family Boxes, £1 ;
Orchestra Stalls, ss. ; Balcony, 4s. ; Front Circle Stalls, Is. ;
Pit Stalls, 25.; Pit, 18.6 d. ; Amphitheatre, is ; Gallery, ad.
Acting Manager—Mr. Wm. thnitn.

CANTERBURY HALL CONCERTS.—
THIS EVENING,
LUCREZIA BORGIA,
(Donizettll
Donna Lucrezia Miss Russell.
Mafflo Orsini lire. Anderson.
Gennaro Mr. Henry Herbert.
Don Altonzo Signor Tivoli.
Conductor—Mr. Jong,h TB ans.
Comic Vocalists —Messrs. George Hodson (the Irish Come-
dian and Mimic), W. T. Critchfield, and E. W. Maclmey.
Several interesting Pictures are added to the Fine Arts
Gallery. The suite of Halls have been re-decorated and
beautified, and constitute one of the most unique and brilliant
sights of the metropolis.
The gallery is open from 5 till 11 on Sunday Evening.

THE WEATHER.—Sux OFFICE, APRIL 1, 1360,
THERMOMETER, IN THE SHADE.
54—highest since noon yesterday.
51—lowest this morning and during the bight.
51—this day at noon.

BAROMETER-29.21 ;
WIND, W. to W.N.W. ; strong breeze. Fine weather,
with occasional showers.

APRIL 2.
THERMOMETER, IN THE SHADE.
67—highest since noon yesterday.
43—lowest this morniag and during the night
48—this day at noon.

BAROMETER-29.12 ;
WIND, W. to W.S.W.; light airs. Rain from 10 to 12
Afternoon showery.

HIGH WATER AT LONDON BRIDGE

THIS DAY.—Morning, 10h. 41m.—Afternoon, 11h. 21m
To-mmtow.-Morning, Oh. Om.—Afternoon, 12h. Om

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THE SUN.
LONDON, MONDAY, !APRIL 2, 1860.

It is with peculiar sensations that we take into
consideration the newly published returns of this
last quarter's Revenue. The Abstract of the Gross
Produce has just been issued. It shows a decrease
upon " Customs" of £363,677 ; but an increase of
varied origin amounting in all to £5,382,877. De-
ducting the decrease of £363,677 from the increase
of £5,382,877—we have a Net Increase of
£5,019,200. All which, superficially regarded—
looks, of course, highly satisfactory. But then,
upoh second thoughts, upon one moment's reflec-
tion, we know very well the chief source from which
this net increase is derived ! We know only too
well that out of the Net Increase of £5,000,000--
there are upwards of £3,500,000 as the frightful
increase under the head of Income Tax within the
brief span of this single quarter ! To put this matter
plainly, however, before the public, to lay the whole
truth at a glance under the eye of the reader, we
here give a simple table of Ole items of increase
upon the quarter ending upon, Saturday :

Excise .
Stamps
Assessed Taxes .. . .
Income Tax
Post-office
Crown Lands
Miscellaneous

.... £1,320,000
66,617
1,000
3,519,000
85,000
2,400
388,860

Yielding a total of . .

£5,382,877

Subtracting from which total of £5,382,877 the
opposing total of £363,677, under the head of de-
crease in customs, we have the net increase already
particularised of £5,019,200 upon the quarter just
terminated.

As we have said at the outset, however, of these
remarks on the last published returns on the reve-
nue, we glance down the abstract of those returns
with very peculiar feelings, with emotions, in fact,
altogether exceptional. For we are conscious while
doing so that the revenue returns theniselvex are
" quite exceptional." They help us out in our cal•
culations in no way whatever, either in regard
to the past or in regard to the future. They
serve as a reminder that this quarter which has
but just terminated is but, as it were, a narrow
and isolated stepping-stone, from the summit of
which the nation may glance around it, amazed
and bewildered—looking back over the some-
what clumsily traversed fens and quagmires of
finance, along which we have been floundering
with difficulty, getting deeper and deeper into
"Deficit"—and looking onwards to the financial
deluge which is threatening us as the consequence
of the opened floodgates and sluicegates of ?fr.
GLADSTONE'S complicated and wholesale experi-
ments. Don't we recollect, for instance, that as
the crowning boon obtained for us by the
system of Finance entered upon some years
ago by that most rash and egregiously mistaken of
all England's Chancellors of the Exchequer,we have
had this year to account for a deficit in round
numbers of £9,000,000 ? Don't we remember that
this deficit of £9,000,000 has been wantonly in-
creased to a deficit of £10,000,000 by the wilful
and uncalled for and (by France) wholly unreoip-
rocated abandonment of duties hitherto bringing
in an additional million of revenue upon luxuries
like wine and silk ? And all this for the sake of a
Commercial Treaty with France that was to render
further contention between the French and English
henceforth an impossibility. A calculation, however
which is no sooner announced by Mr. GLADSTONE
than it is immediately falsified by what NAPOLEON
himself has happily called "the inexorable logic of
facts"—the treaty of commerce having scarcely been
signed between the contracting Powers when our
Foreign Secretary declares in the house of Com-
mons that he can no longer place reliance upon the
good faith or the pacific intentions of our imperial
ally the French Sovereign. Again—can we, as
rational observers, look otherwise than with
qualms of mingled suspense and suspicion at these
exceptional returns of an exceptional quarter,
showing this net increase of over £5,000,000
in the revenue—when we are constrained to bear
in mind, at the same moment, that, upon the most
reasonable and reliable calculations, the deficit
upon the last year (a deficit which We knew to have
been " naturally " £9,ooo,ooo,—afterwards, " arti-
ficially," increased to one of £10,000,000), will be
expanded by next year,
.in all human probability,
to one of £13,000,000 ? And the financial magician
who is accomplishing all these wonders—dragging
the nation down deeper and deeper in the Slough
of Despond—is all the while vaunted to the skies

as a NECKER in Finance, and a DEMOSTHENES in
.oratory

There is, however, in the midst of all this fiscal
and financial confusion and all these exaggerated
eulogiums lavished upon our experimental and blun-
dering Financier--there is, we say, iR the midst of all
this, at last, one immense satisfaction. That extra-
' ordinary twofold delusion of Mr. GLADSTONE'S
financial and oratorical reputation anyone may now
see fast breaking up, scattering, vanishing, melting
away as utterly as any atmospheric illusion you
may like to mention, a mirage, let us say, or
the Fata Morgana, or the spectral and gro.
tesque phantoms of the Brocken, each
and all of which "melt into thin air," no less
surely than is now melting into " thin air" Mr.
GLADSTONE'S exaggerated reputation, whether as
an orator or as a financier. In either capacity,
as we well know, his reputation hitherto (cela va
sans dire) has been immense, has been something
quite extraordinary. But—for the bursting up of
the "wind-bladder" of his reputation as an orator
we may here content ourselves with referring
to the logical and conclusive reasoning con-
tained in the closing paper in the current number
of Blackwood's Magazine. While as to Mr. GLAD-
STONE'S repute as a financier, it is only necessary,
in order to recognise the utter scattering of that, to
consider for a moment the total and disastrous non-
fulfilment of all his financial predictions and the
ignominious failure of all his most elaborated fiscal
iiiirgements. Sir ROBERT PEEL'S chief disciple
is sharing the fate of IcAßus. His wings are
wax, and he is now in the act of falling from the
empyrean.

Magnum est niendacium et prcevalebit. Who
will doubt it after the success of NAPOLEON and
THOUVENEL, Of VICTOR EMMANUEL and CAVOUR.
The two last, indeed, it is but fair to regard as but
qualified witnesses to the triumphs of lying. Pre-
sent safety was their object, and they have got it ;
but they had no alternative between political deceit
and the political rack. - They could at first but
proclaim their loyalty to their Savoyard subjects,
and promise, while they were declining to accept
the sovereignty of Italian States, except through
a vote of the entire people, that they would not
discard the sovereignty of their faithful Savoyards
except in conformity with a full, fair, and impartial
vote of the whole population. Meantime a mightier
than the Savoyards impudently tells the Govern-
ment of Turin that the people of Savoy were to be
consulted in form only, not in fact; that they were,
indeed, to be managed ; that popular votes were all
very well while it was supposed that they might
serve the desires of Imperialism, but as the people
had gone wrong in Tuscany it would not do to
trust them in Savoy ; that the cession must, there-
fore be direct from the Prince, who is Duke of Savoy
to the Potentate who wills to be Emperor of Savoy.
VICTOR EMMANUEL, therefore, is guilty only of that
more pitiful lie, which is what Englishmen designate
by their homely phrase " eating one's words." He
was compelled to do it.
The Fretich Emperor's lie is altogether different.
It is at once cunning, mean, and audacious. Cun-
ning, because so timed that it was not openly told
till he had saddled us with a treaty to admit his
wines at once and almost for nothing, to send him
coals on the best terms till he had well stored his
navy yards, and also saddled the people of England
with a double income-tax, to meet his peaceful bel-
ligerent preparations against us. We should
add, only in this we hope he has failed,
to give his own paper manufacturers
a bounty against ours, while he denies us the very
tags from his dust-bins. His cheating, if not lying,
embraced equally a kingdom and old rags ! It is
mean, because it is all for one side, and chiefly con-
sists in a series of petty overreachings. It is au-
dacious, not bold—we dare not waste such a good
Saxon word upon it—because the last two or three
announcements were such shameless departures
from former ones, that nothing but consummate
indifference to reputation or character could have
left any man at liberty so to expose himself.
Lord JOHN RUSSELL is not the man to have
used needlessly irritating words " in his place
in the House of Commons"—but we can hardly
conceive any language, short of what was in-
tended to provoke an open quarrel or even a war,
stronger, from the lips of a Foreign Secretary,
than what his lordship said last Monday night.
The French press does not know what to make of
it, though the French EMPEROR well knew what to
do with the French funds. At first it was treated
somewhat lightly, and made the best of ;
but soon the tone of expression, as well
as the prices of the funds, had to go
down a bit. It was seen that the English people,
and the English Minister were of one mind; and the
only difference was, that the people never trusted
the EMPEROR, while the Governors were required,
officially, to seem to do so. Otherwise, the real
opinions of Ministers and of people were, doubtless,
much of the same cast. But the EMPEROR has
4
now been told that the annexation of Savoy is an
act which compels us to throw ourselves on the
rest of Europe for alliances to render us safe
against the disturbance by France of the general
peace. And Lord J. RUSSELL even hints that the
very commercial confidence which it was the object
of the treaty to engender, is in danger of disturb-
ance through this wilful and faithless deed.
Parallel, however, with the ignominious treaty
signed at Turin, we find the Swiss on the alert for
the safety of their boundary. The military arrange-
ments respecting the neutrality of the two districts
which border on the Leman lake were prompted
by only an equitable regard to the long guaranteed
neutrality of Switzerland. If Faucigny and Chab-
leis became French, the city of Geneva, and the whole
lake with its contiguous territory, would in the mili-
tory sense be French also ; to be followed by becom-
ing in due time a civil part of the glorious French
Empire. The two Monarchs have even been coin-
polled to admit a clause in the treaty surrendering
Savoy, which ccnfessesne
t,hatatwhaey:Ktinhgose rights ofof SARDINIA
is incompetent to give
neutrality which were not in his Power, and
that France must arrange those questions
with the parties to the Treaty of Vienna,
and with the Helvetic Republic. Very
well on paper, but who shall guarantee their ob-
servance by a man whose word all Europe has
ceased to respect.

Meantime, thus far, we may truly say, " Great is
the lie, and it has prevailed." If it was baffled in
part by the firmness of the Tuscans, it now only
hesitates awhile before two coveted little districts
whose probable favour is to be that of being eaten
last. True, 11,000 or 12,000 people of these small
territories have protested against being swallowed
alive by France. They are near neighbours of the
Republic; they trade with its towns; they like its
free institutions better than the surveillance of
French police, and the decrees of an irresponsible
Autocrat; but what of all that. The great Powers,
who are they ? and we own they merit little con.
sideration for what they are; and the 12,000 me-
morialists, what of them. Five and thirty Savoy-
ards can again be found to call themselves the
people, and to belaud the EMPEROR, the IEmPREss
and the baby itself, with fulsome adulation. Loins

... ,
interest expressed in the matter, and the cordia.

support they have received, that their efforts w:

soon be more extended. Various parishes in the
county have communicated with the directors,

desiring the erection of model cottages in th

neighbourhood.

As Mr. DIMSDALE, one of the

directors, remarked, " The Strand Union Company
had just paid a dividend of 41 per cent., and he did
not see why they might not obtain a similar return
and confer great benefits on different localities."
We trust [the benevolence and public spirit
of these gentlemen will meet its due reward
in the success of their undertaking, which well de-
serves the attention and co-operation of all who are
interested in the social welfare of the labouring
classes, and desirous of assisting a work of sound
practical charity, productive hereafter, we may
hope, of national benefit.

LATEST

_NEWS.

The following telegrams have been received al
Mr. Reuter's office :

PARIS, APRIL 2.
The Moniteur of to-day publishes the follow•

" NICE, SUNDAY EVENING.
" Two battalions of the Second French Regiment
of the Line have arrived here, and met with an
enthusiastic reception by the population, who went
to meet the troops, and strewed flowers on their
passage. All the houses were decorated with tri-
coloured flags."

LIVERPOOL, APRIL 2.
The Royal Mail steamer America, Capt. Millar,
which touched at Queenstown at noon yesterday,
has arrived here. Her news has been anticipated
via Queenstown.

New York Exchange on London, dull but firm,
081.

FRANCE.

It is reported that a note has been addressed by
the French to the Belgian Government. In this
note it is said that assurances of a satisfactory kind
are given to King Leopold's Government, viz , that
the annexation of Savoy was an incident of an ex-
ceptional nature, which cannot occur again with
respect to any other country.
Public opinion in the financial and commercial
world is greatly agitated by alternate hope and
fear, in consequence of the uncertainty which pre-
vails with respect to the future position of the
country. The Government has made extraordinary
efforts to restore confidence, but without success.
Every commercial man one meets admits the
gravity of Lord John Russell's speech on the
annexation of Savoy and Nice to France. All
men engaged in trade were accustomed to regard
the English alliance as the best guarantee for the
peace of Europe, and now that they are told by the
highest authority that Great Britain will seek an
alliance elsewhere, they are filled with dismay.
BOURSE, March 31.—The market has been very
agitated to-day, and prices kept conti nuall
fluctuating. Threes, after being done at 69f. 40c.,y declined to 68f. 70c., and then rallied to 69f. 35c.
Mobilier varied from 790 f. to 770 f. ; Orleans, 1,4405
to 1,420 f. 50c. ; Lyons, 905 f. to 942 f. 50c.; Lom-
bard, 537 f. 50c. to 545 f, The following are the
last quotations :-
4f per Cents. . 96 , Credit Fonder.... 757 50
Do. end month — Belgian 4f . ..._
____
3 per Cents 69 30 Piedmontese (5) .. 81 50
Do. end month 69 15 Roman ' 5
81 7
Bank Shares
Do. Account ..... 767 50 Home Debt 45 /I
RAILWAYS.

Cash. Account.
Orleans
Northern
ditto. 940 947 50
New•
Lyons and Mediterranean 957 1
50 .. 3
75 .. 9128 91250
50
Geneva 452 50 .. 450 Southern
Western 587 50 .. 590
Eastern
Sardinian 4Ol 25 .. 403
Austrian
Lombard ..
Exchange on London at sight, paper, 25f. lle.; money,
25f. B}c.; three months, 24f. 871 e. ; money, 241 85c.

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feeling
displayedt
hhaesrAUSTRIA.
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oft"precautionaryoe:d
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bfindli e
a fortress, but such
tro9an Bonds for 40,000,000f1.
no favoizr with the Tyroles
Wiener Zei
NationalthaTthtehe
referred to in the ordinance published by the
Minister of Finances on the 24th instant—will
be destroyed. The Vienna public expected
i that
another surreptitious issue was to take and
the Finance Department was, therefore, necessitatedPace
to make the foregoing declaration. Up to
evening not more than 2,000,00011. had yesterdaye
n sub-
scribed, and the chances are that not a fourth part
of the loan will be taken.

The Archduke Ferdinand Maximilian and the
Archduchess Charlotte arrived at Gravosa on the
25th, and they are probably now at their villa, near
Trieste.

The Duke of Brabant, who has met with great
attention here, will leave for Constantinople, by
way of the Danube, in a few days.
Prince Alexander of Hesse bas returned to Tre-
viso, where he has his head-quarters.

NAPOLEON is not the man to want a pretext if he
wants the neutral territory—nor, if pretexts fail, to
hesitate to say, I will have it right or wrong.

We have much satisfaction in observing that the
Hertford Building Company is now fairly esta-
blished. The object proposed by this company, as
our readers are probably aware, is the construction
and improvement of dwellings for the working-
classes. The wretched state of the agricultural
labourers in their crowded, ill-drained, and ill-
ventilated hovels, is among the crying evils
of the country. The injury and misery oc-
casioned by such a state of things is almost
incalculable, but it is at once apparent to
every thinking mind that the health and
morals of the working classes must suffer to a
frightful extent. Where decency and comfort are
entirely disregarded in the hovels they are com-
pelled to inhabit, it is absurd to preach morality
and sobriety to the labouring population. Unfor-
tunately, as one of the chief speakers at the Hert-
ford meeting observed, "there is a prevalent opinion
amongst landed proprietors in this county, and,
indeed, in the country generally, that the erection
of cottages on their estates has the effect of creat-
ing a burden on the land in the shape of poor rates,
instead of enhancing its value." In answer to this
theory,Mr.CHEsswirßE,the speaker alluded to, quoted
a letter from Mr. NEVILLE addressed to the Times
some years ago, which satisfactorily disposed of the
argument. So long, however, as this selfish and
unjust notion prevails among landlords, so long
wily the condition of the agricultural labourer be a
disgrace to England. It is therefore the more
necessary that private enterprise and benevolence
should be engaged in this matter, with the hope
that, by proving to the landlords that good cottages
can be built at a small cost, without future loss,
they may be induced to have some regard for
the comfort of their workpeople, finding it is
not opposed to their own pecuniary interest. The
Hertford Building Society has been started with
these objects, and owes its origin to the active bene-
volence of some gentlemen of the county. It arose
out of another society, " Tho Hertford Labourer's
Friend Society," originated by Lord ItAYNHAm,
which suggested to Mr. ROBERT DIAISDALE
that one of the best and most practical means ol
befriending the labourer was to erect model cot-
tages. It is intended to commence operations on a
small scale, and the company will probably restrict
their first experiment to the number of six or eight
But they are not without hopes, from the genera