The Sun.
London, England, 1860-09-29 00:00:00

fi..----
1 case ; for it would be impossible for an invading ,zui
THE NAVY. army, however numerous, to exist in the face of our
--4,.____ volunteer riflemen, supported as they would be by (I)
The screw steam vessel Espoir, 5, Commander
an armed population. Si
Sholto Douglas, left Plymouth on Thursday for the Measures are being taken to secure our dockyards of t
West Coast of Africa. on the land sides, which is quite right ; but the Alb
The paddlewheel steam sloop Geyser, 6, Corn- seaward faces, which are by far the most important, pre
are at present almost entirely undefended in the ass(
mender George M. Jackson, from Madeira, arrived
absence of the fleets. Cat
in Plymouth Sound yesterday (Friday). She left Br(
Plymouth on September 9 with the Pioneer in tow, .
WILLS AND BEQUESTS. Da
and arrived at Madeira on the 18th. She departed
again on the 19th. The Geyser has experienced The Right Hon. Lady 'Mary Pelham-The will cot
'very vatiable winds with heavy rains. On the 15th of this lady was proved in London, on the 19th of occ
of September she lost an able seaman, Walter H. September, by her brother, the Lord Bishop of hhe
Brown, of Plymouth, who was washed overboard Norwich, in conjunction with her sister, Lady
ri
Hen
and drowned. Spoke, September 26, let 45'59 N., etta Pelham, the executors, who admini
the personalty under £lO,OOO. Her ladyship, bestered.ng ob
to doe
•
long. 7.10 W., the Trench ship Volner. The Geyser
i
unmarried, has disposed of this property chiefly th
brings home Capt. Pole and the crew, 39 in all, of amongst her brothers, sisters, and nephews, an
the ship Conway, belonging to Messrs Baines and appointing her brothers, the Earl of Chi- sci
Co., of Liverpool, which left that port August 24 chester and the Bishop of
.Norwich trus- soi
with 366 troops and passengers for Calcutta. She tees over a sum .of £2,000 which she has be- El
encountered very heavy gales and cross seas, and queathed to her sister, Lady Amelia, for her exclu- eti
sive use ; and to her brother, Admiral Pelham, by
on the Bth of September was dismasted and aban- C. 8., she has left a legacy of £3,500, nominating un
doned about 230 miles N.W. by N. of Madeira, in her sisters, Lady Henrietta and Lady Lucy Pelham, ha
consequence 'of her dangerous leaks. The passen_ residuary legatees. The will contains the following cu
charitable bequests :-To the Church Missionary of
gets and troops were rescued by the ship Summer
Society and Bible Society, £lOO each; and to the so
Cloud, from London for Sydney, and all safely City Mission and Ragged School Union, £5O each.
landed at Madeira. Capt. Pole, the officers, and Abraham George Robarts, Esq., banker, Lom- so
crew were the last to leave the ship, which then bard-street-The will of this gentleman, who died is
had 8 ft. 4in, of water in her hold ; and the water- on thie 6th of Sept., has just been proved, The per- sI
sone ty was sworn under £200,000 by the executors, w
casks and general cargo were all adrift though her
Abraham John Robarts, Esq. his son, and Henry a
terrific rolling. Every one of the boats was broken
Christopher Roberts, the brother' of the deceased. 1(
to pieces when the mast fell. The crew of the He has left his real estates to his eldest son, a
Conway were despatched for Liverpool yesterday who also takes the residue of the personalty. a
afternoon from Plymouth by the hon. agent of the To his widow he has left interest in his house in a
Shipwrecked Mariners' Society. Chesham-place, together with an annuity of £2,000, sl
The screw steam sloop Hornet, on her way to and the furniture. To his younger sons and o
Madeira Sept.l9, daughters he has left to each a liberal provision, t
Calcutta, was at pt. when the Geyser
and to his brother, the executor, a legacy is also v
left. bequeathed, as well as to other branches of his N
The following appointments were made yester- family, and some personal friends. We must not c
day at the Admiralty :-Commander W. Swinburn, omit to mention that he has left to each of the clerks 1
to be an Inspecting Commander of the Coastguard, in the banking establishment the sum of £lO for
vice W. H. Tones, superseded at his own request ;
mourning.
Lieut. John Burgess, to the Eagle; Lieut. G. Y. R. H. W. Tancred. Esq.. Q..C., M.P. for Banbury. I
The will of Henry William Tancred, Esq., for- 1
Rattray, to the Marlborough, for disposal ; Lieut. merly of 105, Pall-mall, but who was late of Mar. I
W. P. Pauli, to the Impregnable ; Lieut. Richard gate, where he died on the 20th of August last, t
P. Bateman, to the Cumberland; W. Allan, 3d aged 80, bears the date of 6th of January, 1849, to 1
class assist.-engineer to the Cumberland, for service which he has added four codicils. This gentleman 1
t-sure. to has left personal property amounting to £35,000. 1
in the Lizard ; J. S. Dobyn, acting assis
r'' The executors are Alexander Brodie, Esq. ; John ;
the Landrail ; W. H. Reeves, paymaster to the Farquhar Fraser, Esq. ; and the Rev. William
Donegal ; and Edward H. Key, assist.-clerk to the Tancred, the testator's nephew. Probate was ;
Formidable, for the Admiral's office, granted by the London Court on the P
18th of Sept.
- After making a few bequests he directs his
property, real and personal, to be divided into four
THE ARMY.
nephews-Sir Thomas Tancred, Bart., Henry and
The guard of honour on the occasion of her Ma- William Tancred-and a like share to his niece
jesty's embarking at Gravesend, for Coburg, was Susan, wife of the Rev. T. C. Whitehead, M.A.
furnished by 100 men of the Chatham division of There is a bequest of £l,OOO to John Munton, Esq.,
Royal Marines, with the bands and colours, under of Banbury, for his uniform kindness to the testator
during his connection with that borough, which he
the command of Capt. Nepean. had represented in Parliament for 25 years. He
The range of buildings which have been in pro- has also left to his attendant Loveless a legacy of
gress for several months past at Fort Pitt, Chatham, £2,000 for himself and wife.-Illustrated London
to be used for the purposes of an army medical News.
..-----..-----....
school, which the Government has resolved upon
THE ORIGIN OF SPECIES.
establishing at that garrison, are now completed,
and arrangements arrangements have been made for opening the Dr. Daubeny, the Professor of Botany in the
school on Tuesday next, Oct. 2. The buildings University of Oxford, hasp ut forth some " Remarks
occupy the centre of the open space near the lung- on the Sexuality of Plants," with particular re-
ference to Mr. Darwin's work on the " Origin of
tic hospital. They include a spacious room for a Species," in the form of a pamphlet, in which this
laboratory, fitted up with furnaces and other ap- learned physician records his emphatic dissent
pliances, lecture and operation rooms, and micro- from Mr. Darwin's theory regarded from its
ins' the distinctive faculties of the beings that
scopic rooms, together with ante-rooms and apart- b otanical s Dr. Daubeny demurs at consider-
ments for the several professors. In addition to
stand in the higher ranks of the creation as mere
the medical officers now at Fort Pitt, 35 medical
developments of those which exist in the lower.
candidates are ordered to join at head-quarters on He can hardly bring himself to believe that the
Monday next to undergo a course of study under activity, the quick perceptions, the various instincts
the several professors, preparatory to being ap- which we observe in the vertebrata can have been
pointed to commissions in the medical department elaborated out of the dull, vegetative faculties of
of the army after competitive examinations. The of the invertebrate class ; and still less that the
following gentlemen have been appointed to chairs reason, the imagination, the moral sense of a man
can have been owing to a mere expansion of the
in the new medical school :-Deputy Inspector-Gen. brain of the gorilla. Dr. Daubeny attacks the
T. Longmore, clinical and military surgery ; Dr. E. theorists who rely upon variation and natural selec-
A. Parkes, hygiene; and Dr. W. Aitkin, pathology. tion as adequate causes for the multiplication of
The non-commissioned officers of the Ist batta- species, by examining critically the facts connected
with the achievements of human skill in the do-
.lion at Chatham have presented Sergeant Major
mestication of animals, to which Mr. Darwin and
J. Ford with a massive silver goblet, as a mark of his followers constantly refer with confidence in
their respect and esteem, on the occasion of his re- support of their theory. He observes that human
tiring from the service. Sergeant Major Ford is ingenuity has doubtless introduced many
.very
decorated with the medal for long and distinguished striking deviations both in plants and animals
from the original type ; .it has never yet, however,
service, which was awarded him by the Dake of
proceeded so far as to give rise to what naturalists
Cambridge. would regard as a new species-that is, an indi-
Major-General Hay, Commandant and Inspector- vidual incapable of producing a fertile progeny with
General of the School of Musketry, accompanied by any other member of the parent stock.-The
Deputy-Assistant Adjutant-General Capt. M'Kay, Lancet.
has just paid his official visit to the camp at Col- .RA____
IL TV AY INTELLIGENCE.
chester,for the purpose of examining the respective *
returns of the rifle instructors of the depot batta- TRAFFIC RETURNS FOR. THE WEEK.
lions. The gallant officers arrived on Wednesday, ,
1 Miles Opened. Receipts.
and have since been engaged in their work of in- Railways. lBOO. I____,1____, ~...-....---,
859. 1863. 1859.
spection, which was expected to conclude yes-
x
terday. Belfast and N. Counties.... 65 6.5 1,330 I,lx 66
Sergeant Major Purnell, 54th Regiment, who Belfast and County Down.. 20 20 533 584
Junc. 32 32 2,906 2,849
has been acting in that capacity at Landguard Stryt'aLnan"Tyne& Ches.
20 20 2,016 1,564
Bristol and eter 125 125 7,318 7,978
- Fort since his return front India, has been aledonian 2191 2191 15,604 15,479
promoted to an ensigncy of that corps, for Ches.&llolyhead(withMold) 941 941 • - -
81 291 251
nearly 20 years' active service at home and (),,,eiteamtatinadsoaan'orkington
2,34
20 327 343
Cork, Illackrock, & Passage. 61 61 266 263
abroad, for which he has received several decors- Cornwall
tions. He was acting regimental sergeant-major Deeside l7 17 322 333
Dublin & Belfast Junction.
• 63 6:3 1,502 1,438
on board the Sarah Sands when that unfortunate Dublin and Drogheda 63 63 1,703 1,816
vessel was destroyed by fire, and very honourable 3==ingligit° 122 10 2,0231, In
mention was made of his conduct in the report for- Dundee and Arbroath l7l 171 758 688
31 1,107 1,082
East Anglian 674 674 804 1,039
rence. E.Counties,Nrlk.,&E.tinion 499 499 24,813 27,435
East Kent 194 - _
---- -- - E.Lancashire(in.Blackburn) 111 105 - -
Edinburgh and Glasgow ... 142 142 7,080 7,036
IRON.-CASED SHIPS. Edinburgh, Perth,& Dundee) 78, 78 3,653 3,546
• Forth & Clyde Junction ...1 2.91 291 282 346
Colonel Hill, in a letter to n contemporary, say s : Furness I3I 22 1,232 1,201
lam a military man, and shall therefore be consi- Glasgow & South-Western 1831 1831 8,265 7,551
Great Northern 283 283 30,733 30,599
Great North of Scotland .
dered as altogether leaving my sphere of knowledge rit.Southn. & Westn.(lrlud ) 329 226 8,929 8,184
in presuming to know anything about naval affairs. Tuelal t
andwesternolderne
18 18 - -
Be that as it may, I have the honour of my own Lnverness & Aberdesesn June. 55 55 1,009 998
Irish South-Eastern- 254 254 313 266
country at heart, and can only say that I wish Killarney Junction
Lancaster 41 41 - -
and Carlisle (in.
England had at the Admiralty a few such men as Kendal and Windermere) 100 1001
Captain Halstead, when it would not be long'before Lane. & Yrks.(in.Blackburn) 393 395 i 40,-071 35,8-60
an efficient fleet of invulnerable iron-cased ships Limerickane ly and Foynes 26 26i 222 209
4 46/ 632 595
As it is, the French are London & North-Western . 950 936 83,504 82,041
would be forthcoming.
London and Blackwall 54 51 1,617 1,650
ahead of as, and in case of a rupture between the London & South-Western
two countries their iron-cased ships would give LlediryßriagldiTnnatllCeonast 2V)4 206gi 20,372 19,559
them an overpowering advantage over our wooden tioanna...:irleileuumenueothiensif
1*
IN. 2,153 1,845
ones: in addition to which, they might with im- branch. S.Jun.&Altrincillam 91 91 1.1,11:1 111,307,2
Maryport and Carlisle
punity run down and destroy the shipping in our Midland
.Ifiediilfildn.qt.Westn. of Irlnd 1671474 1671474 43,4924193 330:958665
roadsteads and harbours, provided that in doing so
it were not necessary for them to come within 600 ?slteoNnvmmouthsh. Rail. & Calla' 44 44 2,531 2,405
or 800 yards of our guns by day ; and by night no- Newpostle and Carlisle 7B 78 3,434 3,274
rt,A.berg.,& Herefor 5O 50 - -
thing but the intricacy of a channel would deter North British (in. Dalkeith) 174 174 6,009 5,850
North Devon 35 35 560 630
them. North-Eastern 764 764 42,220 41,850
North London 9 9 2,390 2,480
I believe that we can make more powerful can-
North Staffordshire ,
246 233 8,016 8,080
non than the French, and also 46 46/ _ _
case our ships with N. Yorkshire and Cleveland 10 _.4
better iron ; therefore, North-Western
_ _
provided proper measures Oxford, Wore., & Wolver
be adopted by the Government, there can be no 181 184
Helen's Canal & Railway 30 30 2,203 1,903
doubt where superiority shouldlie.
Scottish Central
,
sPte.ebles
50 50 3,605 3548
But, under
existing circumstances, it Scottish North-Lastern ll5 115 4,210 4'425
would be impossible Shrewsbury Si Birmingham 294 294 1,997 2,073
for one, or any number of wooden ships, to contend4B mos 3,213
one, unless the Shrewsburyy & Hereford .. • 51 51 2,125 1,843
successfully with a single iron-cased 1 lc ' Uni0n......... •
Shrewsbur and Chester 4B
291 910 824
S irops ire mon .......
1145
72 72' 4,048
306 302 25,883 27 4,092
South Devon .
...
speed of the wooden ones were greatly superior to South-Eastern
1714 1714 8,036 8,353
that of the iron, so as to enable their running along- South Wales.. ...
118 108 3,035 3,318
side, when their powerful broadsides would pro- S Yorkshire an'd River Dun
53 53 5,193 4,379
bably demolish the iron casing. But we know that Rsirtevr ale
Stockton and Darlington I 123 119 7,977 7.361
52 52 1,733 1,837
the speed hitherto attained by wooden ships Ulverstone and Lancaster
254 1,769 1,437
702 487
Vale of Neath
Waterfordw Warringtonestcor n a.
naaidni dii Si 1 tko ce
ul r pu
yo r.
.t
scarcely, if at all, exceeds the speed that can be_ _
31 438 492
given to the iron-cased ones. 77 1,238 1,342
Waterford and Limerick
The result of every experiment against iron-
plated targets has been to prove that an enemy's W.lfartlepool II arbr. & Rail 39
Whitehaven Junction l2 39 5,025 4,007
12 685 655
iron-plated ships might approach Portsmouth Vi, hitehaven & Furness Jun. 35, 35 710 649
Dockyardw;haven,CleatorakEgrmnt. , 7 428 336
all the
and bombard it and treat with contempt I onesee AND COLONIAL
Antwerp and Rotterdam 52 52 1,298 1,111
batteries now in 'as well asall Austrian
those it is proposed to existence,Belgian Eastern Junction B4
various shoals. construct on the spits the
of Buffalo and Lake Huron ▪ 1614 151661 412,6250?'537 ' 37,5311320
around Spithead, and which will Detroit and Milwaukle lB5 185 4,619
,140
3,137
have the very serious defect of marking the exact Canada Dutch Rhenish lOBl 1084 4,309 4
Grand Trunk of 970 880 15,050 10,019
Great Indian Peninsula 277 1944 2,384 2,240
channel by which an ens,
hsetaearmincpitnheatfull
speed night or day svithoutyerasseanyGreat Luxembourg l2B 122 2,979 2,798
Great Westerny of Canada 345 345 11,601 9,956
In fact, there is no calculating the injury that
es lead. Lombardo:V enetian 285 255 ,
a maritime Power, Lyons and Geneva 142 142 ' 6,7-88 0,26
would be inflicted on England as Madrid, Saragossa &Alicant 310 284 17,375 11,663
in case of entering on a war with France, having Maria Antonia 2l 21
"' thern of France
Aor . 613 602 53,386 50,374
only wooden ships to oppose to their iron-she Lyons,Nonveg-ian Trunk
&Mediterrn 44 44 1,914 1,474
athed Paris,
our dock-.. 879 840 89,010 85,706
ones. Paris and Orleans 922 922 58,510 43,36,5
of their Paris and Strasburg
There is no fear of invasion as long as
at the Royal Danish
Sambreeher
southern
roil,
France
69 69 613 650
yards and arsenals are secure, but in case6B 68 1,346 1,217
777 773 22,193 20,143
destruction we should be comparatively West Flanders
W. and N.W. of France 742 730 :18,284 47,571
-e ---....r__1 --,,,,, It therefore behoves

—Tbere is no fear of invasion as long as our dock-
yards and arsenals are secure, but in case of their
destruction we should be comparatively at the
mercy of a powerful enemy. It therefore behoves
the Government to render our dockyards secure,
and this can only be done, as far as Portsmouth is
Concerned by building steamships cased in iron, hay-
ing the utmost speed that can be given them. They
would be the chief defence, shore batteries being
auxiliary
to them.; for no batteries hitherto pro-
posed would have
Ports-
mouth from a any effect in defending
night attack against even wooden
ships, if left undefended by a fleet.
I have said thect there is no fear of invasion while
our arsenals are vire, and this I believe to be the

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olnerillAWA