The Sun.
London, England, 1860-10-05 00:00:00

TUE NrEATIIER.-Bux OPFICE, OCT, 5, 1660.
THERMOMETER, IN THE SHADE.

57—this day at noon.
46—lowest this morning and during the night.
58—highest since noon yesterday.
BAROMETER-30.13.
Wirth—Westerly; fresh, with dull weather.

HIGH WATER AT LONDON BRIDGE.
nus DAY.—Morning, 4h. 28m.—Afternoon, 4h. 45m,
To-monnow.-Morning, sh. 3m.—Afternoon, sh. 24m

LONDON, FRIDAY, OCT. 5, 1860.

We must all have been struck with one thing
in the Imperial career of Louis NAPOLEON—he
has avenged himself of his personal enemies. The
CZAR would not acknowledge him. He killed the
1 CZAR with grief, and beggared his son and succes-

sor. Austria forbade a minor German kingdom to
furnish him with a Royal wife ; he obtained pro-
bably a far more attractive lady—but that had
nothing to do with the Austrian affront. The
HAPSBURGS, therefore, had to repent, not in sack-
cloth and ashes, but in blood and in military and

territorial humiliation at Solferino. There was a

third delinquent—a, politically, foolish old POPE.
He refused to crown him ; refused to make the
imitation of the first Empire complete in what, to
Frenchmen, is of such high importance—its cere-
monials : and now his turn is come. First, an
Imperial pamphlet punishes refusal to crown, by
telling him he would be better himself without a
crown. Next, the triple crown is pared down to a
very lowly one over a little municipality ; and,
lastly, he is pretty plainly told that the sooner he
doffs even that, and contents himself with his
mitre, the better for him, for Italy, for Europe, and
for the Church. Truly, the man seems so to have
the fates in favour of his chastising and humilia-
ting his foes, that we might be almost frightened

could we think ourselves among them. And who
can tell. People, aril Rulers too, lately, have pretty
plainly told him their mind. Is it to be the mis-
sion of La Gloire and her companions soon to be
afloat, to sink a few English three-deckers, if not
to land a few Zouaves in Surrey or Hampshire, by
way of teaching us better not to speak evil of
Emperors.
It is, however, Rome's turn just now ; and it is
interesting to see how the old gentleman through
whom ANTONELLI rules, comports himself. Sar-
dinia and France, notwithstanding the ostentatious
withdrawal of ambassadors, have plainly come to
an understanding. This is shown, perhaps, as de-
cisively as by anything, in the fact that Count
CAVOUR feels at perfect liberty to repudiate uncon-
ditionally the EMPEROR'S Villafranca scheme of a
Couredoeation. " After the unthought-of and
unhoped-for events," he says, " which we have
witnessed in Italy, it must be clear to all men that
we are no Federalists." And not only that, but the
Count argues strongly for the necessity of the
emancipated provinces joining Piedmont, if they
see fit to join her, as an "integral part of the king-
dom." The praises of the French, and the rather
strong declaration on the gratitude due from Ita-
lians to them, we might have expected. Bat the
explicit declarations against Federation, and in
favour of forming a strong Italian kingdom of
twenty-two millions of people, are all a re-
versal of the formerly avowed policy of the
EMPEROR. It would seem probable that, in-
fluenced by circumstances, by the very strong
opinion of this country, and by its tendency to re-
duce the POPE, or to elevate him to the position
of a princely spiritual ruler, the EMPEROR now
concurs in the creation of a Kingdom of Italy.
Certain it is that the POPE now ands himself but a
purely puppet Prince. The French, his military
masters, hinting to him to look out for new
quarters ; and the Sardinians, after having swal-
lowed up all his other territories, standing open-
mouthed, and ready to swallow up Rome also.
The" summary of the POPE'S allocution" is of a
somewhat sad, yet unavoidably an amusing thing.
It is the old policy of the ecclesiastics to tell us that
the " Church in danger," means the State in
danger. But statesmen have become, we fear, very
sceptical on this point of faith. They distinguish
between the Church and ecclesiastics, and do not
think their subjects in danger of irreligion,
because the secular wealth and rank of. Church
dignitaries sustain a few rough shocks.
They look back to the days of the fishermen,
and around them to States whose clergy are very
poor, and seeing the latter religious and orderly,
they think religion has got on quite as well
when unaided by worldly grandeur and dignity.
Hence the poor POPE delivers himself in vain of
plaintive appeals to all the Powers of Europe, telling
them that their thrones will totter with his own ;
that the doctrine of non-intervention is detestable
—that it is especially so applied to the estates of
the Church—that they ought all to come to his
reseuo when " attacked by the parricidal arms of a
degenerate son," that all the acts of that dege-
nerate son are "null and of no effect," and that he
will never cease to protest in order "to maintain
entire the civil power enjoyed by the Roman
Church." Poor man! Can he not perceive that
it is just that civil power which the " degenerate
sons" of the present day will not think it " sacrile-
gious to attack," and that by clutching its
last remnants and rags, he only makes himself
ridiculous. These " degenerate sons" themselves
leave him willingly supreme authority in matters
of faith. He may declare an ancestor, per annum,
of our LORD, if he pleases, to have sprung from an
immaculate conception, till he comes to ADAM him-
self ; or he may adopt Lord PALMERSTON'S theology
and declare all of us born immaculate, and his sons
will not question his decrees. Why can't he be
content, from his Vatican, to rule over the winds of
doetrineb,
,
not provoke the modern Neptunes to
remind him that he na
with the elements which theybushaivneess to
in
charge and can manage better than he. their
rerofwerne
However, all things are now closing him in.
Again GARIBALDI sends the shout of victory over
one of his few faithful sons, which yet
remain, from the South. The King of SAR-
DINIA, meanwhile, meets his volunteer General,
and himself takes the command of the
army which is to join GARIBALDI'S, and finish the
work begun and all but completed by the latter.
CAvoun himself speaks of GARIBALDI, while op-
posing his policy, in language which does honour
to his Italian heart, and which GARIBALDI seems
already, by his actions, to reciprocate ; and all bids
fair to the early formation of Italy into one fine
kingdom, the Eternal City and its Pope being the
only little break into one of its boundaries. GARI-
BALDI need not be impatient. That position can-
not last. Rome is no more a political than a mili-
tary Gibraltar. It will become the capital of the
Italian kingdom. The energies of a freed people
will soon drain its deadly marshes, and the former
mistress of the world will become again the mistress
of the land to which she belongs. Count CATOVIt'S,

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THE SUN.