The Sun.
London, England, 1860-11-17 00:00:00

Commence at 7.

A I)ELPHI, NEW THEATRE-ROYAL.
Role Proprietor and Manager, Mr. Beni• Webster.
Encragement for a limited number of nights of Miss Agnes
lEobertson and Mr. Dion Bourcicault, who will appear
every evening in the highly successful Drama of "The
Colleen Bawn."

THIS EVENING, THE RIFLE BRIGADE. Messrs. W.
Smith. D. Fisher, C. Selby, Miss Woolgar, Miss Kate Kelly,
and Mrs. Billington.

After which, THE COLLEEN BAWN. D. Bonrcicault, D.
Fisher, Billinzton, Falconer, Stephenson. C. J. Smith, Romer.
Miss Agnes Robertson, Miss Woolgar, Mrs. Billington, and
Mrs. Chatterley.

-- -
To conclude with MUSIC lIATH CHARMS. Mr. David
Fisher.
Doors open at half-past 6—Commence at 7.
• Box-office open from 10 till 5.
No charge for booking.
Private boxes. -£2 2s. ; Family Boxes,-Xl.
Orchestra Stalls, ss. ; Balcony, 4s. ; Front Circle Stalls, xs. •,
-Pit Stalls, 22.; Pit, is. 6d. ; Amphitheatre, is ; Gallery, 6d.
Acting Manager—Mr. Win. Smith.

NSTLEY'S ROYAL AMPHITHEATRE.-
Proprietor and Manager, Mr. Wm. BATTY.
Triumphant success and increasing' popularity of the Grand
Spectacle of ROBIN Man.
This Evening, the highly successful new Spectacle, in Three
Acts, by E. Fitzball, Esq., entitled ROBIN HOOD ; or. the
Merry Outlaws of Sherwood ; introducing the Stud of highly-
trained Horses, Herd of real Deer, Stag Hounds, &e,
Allan-
a-Dale, Miss Rebecca Isaacs; Robin Hood, Mr. John Prit-
chard.

To be succeeded by Scenes in the Arena, supported by
the celebrated Madame Newsome, Mr. James Newsome
and their Troupe of unequalled pertnriners, Acc., including.
the incomparable Young Charles Ducrow, the Greatest
Wonder of the age.
Doors open at half-past 6, performance commence at 7.
Box-office open daily from 11 till 4
Stare Manager—Mr. W. WEST.
Director of the Arena—Mr. Pearson.

CA NTERBUR Y HALL CONCERTS.-
EVERY EVENING,
A Grand Selection from the opera of
NORMA.

• Norma Miss RUSSELL.
Adalcdsa ............ .. Madame MARIA,
(Her first apnearance in this country.)
Atter which the ETHIOPIANS, consistinzot Seventeen Par-
formers. organised expressly for this establishment, for the
Performance of Vocal and Instrumental Music, Comic and
Sentimental, with Negro Delineations, Anecdotes, &c. Prin-
cipal Nezro Artistes, Messrs. Joe Brown, G. W. Pell, H.
Drummond, and Charley Fox.
Musical Director, Mr. F. JONGIIMANS.

Balcony, le Hall, tld.

THE WEATHER. --SUN OFFTOPI. NOV. 17, 1660.

THERMOMETER, IN THE SHADB.
48—highest since noon yesterday.
42—lowest this morning and during the night.
43—this day at noon.
BAROMETER-29.31; falling rapidly.
WlND—Southerly; moderate, with continuous rain.

HIGH WATER AT LONDON BP.ID GE. .
THIS OAY. —Morning, 4h. 24m.—Afternoon, 4h. 46m,
To-m o aaow.- Morning, sh. 9m.—Afternoon, sh. 33m,

4
L' Jr/
.47,„ 17\1,1

THE SUN.

LoNDON, SATURDAY, NOV. 17, 1840.

The Commercial Treaty between France and
England was at length completed and received its
final signatures yesterday. It was completed, that
is to say, on the 16th day of November 1860—fully
ten months after its original announcement in the
Speech from the Throne on the occasion of the last
inauguration of Parliament. During those ten in-
tervening months what an enormous amount of
labour must there not have expended upon the task
—the truly herculean task—of bringing this Treaty
to completion! And upon whom, if not upon Mr.
COBDEN, have those herculean labours devolved ?
Bis shoulder has been the one applied all this
while to the ponderous wheel of French Commerce
—that Wheel of Fortune—deep hitherto--getting
deeper and deeper as time advanced—in the rut of
Monopoly. At length, however, the hon. member
for Rochdale may be congratulated upon the close of
these protracted and unremitting toils—toils in
every way more suitable for a commission than
for one single individual. We are deeply grieved,
yet not in the smallest degree surprised, to find
that, now that his labours are actually over and
done with, our self-sacrificing Negotiator learns
only too painfully how severely they have been
telling all this while upon his constitution.
According to a private letter received from Paris,
simultaneously with the arrival of the telegram
intimating the completion of the Commercial
Treaty, it would appear that " Mr. COBDEN is
completely prostrate," in consequence of his sedu-
lous application to the task he had taken in hand,
and that, now that that task is actually finished, he
has relapsed into that very same illness from which
towards the close of 1859 he was, to the regret
of us all, so great a sufferer. Whatever opinions
may be entertained in regard to the character of
the Commercial Treaty which Mr. COBDEN has
been Negotiating—however much any among us
may doubt its efficacy a -, as a means of pro-
mulgating directly the beneficent principles
of Free Trade through the (certainly to say the
least of it) very questionable agency of Reciprocity
—no matter what may be the incredulity still felt
here in various instances as to the prospective
realisation by the operations of this Commercial
Treaty of the halcyon vision of the advantages
promised by its originator to accrue thereby alike
to the mercantile world in France and in England
--there cannot possibly be two opinions here at
home amongst. ourselves, or yonder abroad amongst
our Gallic neighbours, as to the magnanimity, as to
the the civism, as to the complete and absolute and
most magnanimous self-abnegation of the hon.
member for Rochdale. He who has all this
time,
while been dedicating 11w whole of his
together with (very energy of his vigorous intellect,
as well as of his unhappily T' thing but vize,'"°".;"
frame, to the comprehensive supervision and the
detailed elaboration of each minute particular in
these vast and complicated transactions. Let it
not be forgotten that immediately before under-
taking the conduct of these transactions, Mr.
COBDEN had declined to accept office as a Cabinet
Minister of the Crown—his reasons for so doing,
411 of them very noble and generous reasons—being

frankly and right manfully stated in an eminently )
characteristic communication addressed by him to
Lord PALMERSTON, in answer to the urgent rc quest
that he should become a colleague,transmitted to him
immediately upon his arrival in this country from
America, by the noble viscount at the head of the
present Govornment. Added to those high-minded
considerations which thus induced Mr. COBDEN to
decline the acceptance of the proferred seat in the
Cabinet—at the time of his so doing his health was
so far broke that it might almost be said to have
been then quite shattered. Nevertheless, very
shortly indeed after the rejection (thus peremptorily)
of Power, this same public-spirited politician
consented, apparently without a moment's
hesitation, to accept all those enormous labours
and all those solemn and weighty Re-
sponsibilities which were inseparable from the
office the peculiarly anomalous, and therefore
doubly difficult and singularly delicate office of
Negotiator of a Commercial Treaty, involving in
some way or other the revision of the whole of the
mercantile relations between France and England.
As to the Treaty itself it does not remain for us now
to remark that we have all along, from first to last,
regarded it with particular incredulity and especial
repugnance. A reciprocity treaty of any kind we
have insisted, and we are still disposed to insist, is,
instead of an advance movement, a movement, on
the contrary, of positive retrogression. The prin-
ciple of reciprocity is, in itself, notoriously, has
always been notoriously, applicable rather to the
system of Protection than to the system of Free
Trade. Still persuaded of this we are yet inflexi-
bly. antagonistic to the root idea of this newly or-
ganised measure of reciprocity ; more particularity,
remembering that we cannot but still recognise in
it a scheme for doling out reciprocity of the most
singular character surely ever yet dreamt of—a reci-
procity as Irish as reciprocity could well be—a
reciprocity all one side, in fact, as we have again and
again in these columns, had the melancholy task
of demonstrating. Convinced of this all along. con-
vinced of this still, we are yet ready to acknowledge
that the Negotiator of the Treaty has all the while
had a perfect right, of course, to think quite other-
wise. It is impossible, moreover, not to admit just
as frankly and unhesitatingly that he has spoken
and written only in reason when deprecating any-
thing like adverse criticisms upon his Treaty until
that Treaty should have been at length actually
brought to a state of completion. To that state
of completion it has now been brought—thanks
to Mr. COBDEN'S indomitable energy, his self-
sacrificing devotion, and his unceasing applica-
tion. A little while more, now, and we shall at
last know all about it. Conjectures will then give
way to certainty. The Treaty itself in its entirety
will at length be lying before us for the impartial
consideration of all. Until then we may rest con-
tented with the knowledge, at any rate so far in the
highest degree satisfactory, that the task, what.
ever that task may have been, is done, that
Mr. COBDEN'S labours are over, that the negotiations
are at an end. In regard to the Negotiator we will
yet most earnestly hope that his self-abnigation
may have so far only exercised a prejudicial influence
upon his health, as to have resulted in a merely
passing indisposition. GOD grant that this self-
sacrifice manifested on his part by RICHARD COB-
DEN at Paris, may never prove to have been as
disastrously complete as that other self-sacrifice
which very recently signalised so fatally the
laborious career of JAMES WILSON at Calcutta.
Among all our great public men we have no
second COBDEN. Among all of them "we could
better spare," we will not say " a better man,"
or an abler man, for a better or abler we care
not to go in search of with that cynical lantern of
DIOGENES, but we will say we could any day
better spare an administrator of more versatile
aptitude and of more varied experience.

There is more than a rumour of news which we
hope will prove true. The POPE is treating with
VICTOR EMMANUEL, it is said, for the sale of his,
temporalities. CAVOUR and ANTONELLI are dis-
cussing the terms, of which the principal are these
—That the POPE should receive annually 1,000,000
Roman crowns; the Italian cardinals to enjoy the
dignity of senators, with a yearly salary of 10,000
crowns. His HOLINESS is thus to become a purely
spiritual prince, and his cardinals, we presume,
much such dignitaries as our spiritual peers.

Whatever degree of exact truth may belong to
these statements, no one, looking coolly at the
POPE'S position from a distance, would hesitate to
pronounce that he was making a wise arrange-
ment. Even Protestants would respect him far
more as the purely spiritual head of such
a vast proportion of Christendom, and Catho-
lics would be certain to feel more in-
terest in him in that capacity. We at least
consistently think so ; for we have always
considered that our own bishops would be far more
highly regarded and useful, in their spiritual
capacity, if they had the magnanimity to with-
draw, by their own wish, from the House of Lords.
We can well understand, indeed, how a certain class
of Catholics could ill endure the loss of his tempo-
ralities by the POPE. We have seen what an out-
cry there would be here, from a large section of
Churchmen, were it seriously proposed to trench
on the temporalities of our spiritual peers ; but
that does not alter the fact, to which all history
bears witness,'that a religious chief is not religi-
ously influential in proportion to his temporal re-
sources, but rather the contrary. Few men have
exerted more religious influence in this country
than WICKLIFFE and WESLEY, yet both were
absolutely destitute of property; and we should
like to know the value of LUTHER'S or of CALVIN'S
temporalities ! And so it has ever been, and so it
will ever be, where religion is a thing of con-
science, that its leaders will be venerated
rather for poverty than wealth. It is needless to
remark how much their poverty has to do with our
veneration for the very founders of our faith; it is
even a feature in that Divine character which we
are taught to adore, that " for our sakes he became

ioor."

1 But will the POPE be impoverished ? We ima-
gine precisely the reverse. His resources for
spiritual purposes would be, we cannot doubt,
larger than ever. We should blush for English
and Irish Catholics if they did not do their part
towards such support as might be desirable for the
head of their faith. Indeed, they have already begun
to seek contributions for him, and revived a name
familiar to England's ears, and not perhaps with
very pleasant recollections from our history—that
oaf:kePEd, .r Ei
is
s Pence.. But PETER'S Pence, as now
a totally different thing from PETER'S
Pence demanded as a tribute. It were childish to
clo;rfsovumnAdwsthings so totally distinct. Cardinal
tiP
here, or that of the
i-17rnch Bishops
Pina tibeir country, is but an appeal
to the voluntary principle. The Liberation Society
of Sergeant's-inn itself must approve of the prin-
ciple. The proceeding of the French Government
, strikes us as exceedingly outrag rs
eous and bash. A
( Government, indeed, which has just prosecuted to
imprisonment a tradesman who sold even photo-
visiting cards without a sanction from the
graph
censorship of the press, might, perhaps, be suspici-
ous of the objects of those who arranged to collect

the pence ; for what would it not suspect ? But
the oppression implied in not allowing the POPE'S
friends to ask money for him under a name of
historical interest to Catholics, seems to us some-
thing frightful—a revival of the spirit of our Con-
venticle and Five Mile Acts. However, from the
wholeof Catholic Christendom the POPE might as
suredly rely for any income he needed.

As to his situation, it certainly could not be in-
jured. What is he now but the restive puppet of
the French General ? His own subjects are con-
fessedly not his supporters. In fact they are sub-
ject only to those who keep them down—to the
French. He has not the credit of either morally or
physically controlling them. He governs neither
their hearts nor their bodies. The French do
the latter for him, but their hearts are with
neither General GOYON nor with the POPE,
but with VICTOR EMMANUEL. What wiser thing,
then, can he do than get rid of a rule of
which the glory, such as it is, belongs to French
regiments, and retire to an honourable position,
quite at his command, with the applause of all
Italy. We are toldthat ANTONELLI and the other
crafty old politicians see that the day is gone by
for adding to their immense wealth, and that they
are ready to negotiate, but that the pious but weak
POPE is, as such characters so frequently are, very
obstinate, and that he had seriously thought of
sharing the fortunes of the ex-King at Gaeta!
If, however, both Cardinals and friends fail him,
even a weak but pious man must bend to neces-
sity; he must bow to it as to Providence.
A happier solution of the Central Italian diffi-
culty there could not, of course, be than the POPE'S
selling out. Austria might then follow his ex-
ample, and plain money bargaining might smooth
difficulties which are insuperable by diplomacy,
and, in one sense, even by a conquest and victory.
The latter might not secure formal recognition
abroad; the other mode could hardly fail to do so.
We can only, therefore, for the peace of Europe, and
for the sake of humanity, hope that so peaceful a
mode as that of sale and conveyance may accom-
plish, what must now be somehow achieved, the
complete union of Italy.

The Gazette of last night contains at length
a long-looked for and most welcome announce-
ment. A formal official notice appears there in
those columns of our English Moniteur intimating
the intention of her MAJESTY'S Commissioners of
Works and Public Bulidings to apply in the en-
suing session (1861) to Parliament for an Act
empowering them to acquire somehow, by com-
pulsory purchase or otherwise, a site for the new
Courts of Law—or, in other words, a site for the
long-proposed new Palace of Justice. It is not
our intention now to ventilate the whole question
as to the necessity there is for this proceeding.
That question has so far been already settled and
decided. The notice here referred to as in
the Gazette of last evening is proof posi-
tive that the question so far is decided.
And what certainly completes our satisfaction in
the matter of this notice in the London Gazette, is
the announcement put forward in that notice that
the site to which we ourselves years ago ac-
corded preference has been the very site defini-
tively selected by her MAJESTY'S Commissioners.
The notice thus particularised is in effect as ap-
preciably a commencement of the new Palace of
Justice upon that site as the turning of the first
sod of a new railway is the beginning of that rail-
way, or as the beginning of any edifice is in-
dicated by the laying of a foundation stone
upon a due proportion of mortar dexte-
rously spread by a silver trowel in the hands of
a Royal Highness. The House of Commons,
we may be sure, will offer no im-
pediment to the completion of the under-
taking. And before London is a very few years
older we may be certain that conspicuous
among its great public buildings will be a grand
and noble edifice, sheltering under its roof all the
now scattered Courts of Law—a structure occupy-
ing that particularly central site in the metropolis
defined in the Gazette of yesterday as bounded on
the north and north-west by Carey-street, Lincoln's-
inn-fields; on the south‘ by Pickett-street, the
Strand, and Fleet-street ; on the west by Bell-
yard, Temple-bar; and on the west and south-west
by Yeates's-court, Clement's-inn, and the vestry-
house of the parish of St. Clement Danes. Then
at last London will have a Palace of Justice not
unworthy of being the central seat of the Admini-
stration of the Laws of England.

THE POPE AND THE KING OF ITALY:

GENOA, Nov. 14.
There is news that seems too good to be true.
The rumours that are everywhere afloat about a
possible reconciliation between the Pope and the
King of Italy may still require confirmation, and
we may have to wait a long time for it. They,
however, are not undeserving our attention. Nego-
tiations are said to be pending between Count
Cavour and Cardinal Antonelli for a formal renun-
ciation of the temporal power by the Pontiff. By
way of compensation his Holiness would receive an
annual revenue or civil list of 1,000,000 Roman
crowns—to which, of course, every Catholic Power
would be free, and no doubt too happy, to make its
own addition ; and the cardinals--I suppose only
the Italian cardinals—would be admitted to the
dignity of senators of the realm, and receive a
yearly stipend of 10,000 crowns.
These terms may, perhaps, not be deemed very
splendid, but what can be done ? The situation of
the Pope could not be more desperate. The French
protectors are becoming more obnoxious to the
Court of the Vatican than its Piedmontese aggres-
sors. The troops of that nation hesitated, then came
to a halt, and altogether gave up their march upon
Orvieto. There was a turn, too sudden a turn,
in the reactionary tide. Viterbo, and the other
provinces nominally restored to Papal allegiance,
were encouraged in their resistance; they held
their plebiscite under the very nose of General
Goyon. Monsignor de Merode has been weighed
and found wanting. Lamoriciere issues none but
despondent oracles. The Ultramontane and half-
Legitimist Generals and diplomatists who were
trusted with the protection of the Holy See are
either shocked at prelatic quibbling, or, perhaps,
disgusted at being caught in their oWn toils. 'There
is, in short, "Discord in the camp of Agramant."
A house divided against itself is ready to fall, and a
fortress cut off from supplies must soon be starved
into surrender. The Papal Government is said to
have not a stiver to carry on public expenditure
beyond the close of this forthcoming December.
Even the 3,000 men to whom the Apostolical army
is reduced have mouths to be fed. Rome is deserted ;
actual misery stares the Pope and his subjects in the
face. St. Peter's boat is evidently unseaworthy ;
shipwreck is inevitable, and the only man who is
still unwilling to strike sail must be flung overboard.
In plain language, the
.situation of the Pope is
desperate enough to bring any man, except the
soft-headed, and, therefore, most stubborn and
peevishly obstinate Pius IX., to his senses. Auto-
nelli, and many of the Italian prelates, men dead to
all enthusiasm, and loath to court martyrdom, are
disposed to bow to necessity and to come to terms ;
the shrewd Secretary of State has now no great
occasion, and must relinquish all hope, to add to the
boards of his immense wealth ; he clearly sees the
game is up, and the Pope must either bend or break
in his hands. As for Pius IX. himself, it was with
great difficulty, it is said, that he was prevented
from hurrying off to Gaeta to share the lortuncs of
his devoted ally. Really that old man is a great
stumbling-block in the way both of his foes and his
friends.

The recent reports that the Earl of Derby,
although recovered from his late severe attack of
gout, will not henceforth take the prominent part
in politics which he has hitherto done, receive some
encouragement from the assembly, at the country
residence of Mr. Disraeli, of the other leading
members of the Tory party, including Lord Mal mes-
brY and Lord Stanley.