The Sun.
London, England, 1860-10-06 00:00:00

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OUR COIIIIIIERCIAL .RELJTIONS 111171
CILLYA.

A statement was published a few months back to
the effect th t a large trade might be opened up by
a short land route from our Indian possessions to
the western frontier of China, and the project ex-
cited very favourable attention among the commer-
cial classes in London and the provinces. Any one
glancing at the map of Asia will be struck with the
proximity we have already attained to China by-
means of our acquisitions in Peten. From the port
of Rangoon our territory extends towards China a
distance of 250 miles. We then come to the terri-
tory of the King of Burmah, and across this, which
is also about .250 miles in width, we come to the
Chinese frontier town of Esmok. We are thus
brought into direct communication with that people
almost at our own doors,the whole of the navigation I
via Singapore and the Chinese Sea would be saved,
and we should moreover reach a class of the popula-
tion with whom we could never otherwise come in
commercial contact, even if our political relations
with the Chinese Government were of the most mire•
stricted and cordial character. What, then, is the
difficulty? The first idea likely to occur is that the
King of Burmah would throw obstacles in our way.
Such, however, is not the case. The King of Bur-
mah seems to understand commercial interests better
than some English statesmen, for he is represented
to be friendly to anything that will promote traffic
through his dominions. Apparently there is no diffi-
culty except the old one. Our Foreign-office are not
fond of new questions, and least of all of commercial
questions. The Leeds Chamber of Commerce re-
cently memorialised the Government on the subject.
They represented its important bearing on the in-
terests not only of our home manufacturers, mer-
chants, and shipowners, but of our traders in all
parts of India. The Chambers of Commerce of
Bradford, Halifax, Huddersfield, and Liverpool
had previously made similar representations. The
reply has been such as to damp as far as possible
all effort in the matter. Nothing was required but
a civil negotiation with the King of Burmah,
which the Government alone can make, and that
in any future diplomatic arrangements with the
Chinese authorities the town of Esmok should be
recognized as a leading place of trade. Lord John
Russell, however, thinks that " much inconveni-
ence" might arise from such a "novel" proposition.
Moreover, it.would be "impossible to protect Bri-
tish trade at so inland a city," or "to exercise due
control over British subjects." Next to the possi-
bility of anything that might cause " inconveni-
ence" to the Foreign-office, the idea of allowing
"British subjects" to run without leading strings
has always been the most distasteful to that depart-
ment. The Chambers of Commerce have likewise
been furnished with a hint that they know nothing
about the true interests of trade, since the very mea-
sures for which they are now praying, under the idea
of extending it, would only bring it into jeopardy.
" Redress for any wrong done in such a remote
quarter as Esmok," observes his Lordship, " could
in all probability only be obtained by applying prep-
sure at places more accessible, and so placing in
jeopardy the more important interests of British
trade on the seaboard of China." The Foreign-office
doctrine therefore is, that we must shut ourselves
from the trade of the largest continents, and nro

vinces, provided any diplomatic correspondence
that b miotht arise out of it would have to be carried
_ .

on with authorities resident at some other locality.
His lordship's words, in fact, might be paraphrased
as follows :—lt is bad to trade in the Sea of Azoff

or at Odessa, because any disputes would have to
be settled at St. Petersburg, and might compro-
mise our trade in the Baltic. Avoid likewise all

intercourse with San Francisco, because the neces-

site of an appeal to Washington would not only
create much inconvenience to the Foreign-office, but
might interrupt our transactions with New York
or New Orleans. In like manner let the Canadians

hold no traffic with Chicago, the difficulty of con-
trolling British subjects at " so inland a town"
being especially formidable. It is to be hoped that
no one will be disappointed with this view. It may
be a question whether the new route will be found
so practicable or advantageous as it would seem to
be from all the evidence at present possessed, but
there can be no question, supposing past experience
to be worth anything, that, if it is ever opened up,
the task will be performed by private enterprise,
not only unassisted, but obstructed, so far as official
power extends, and that it will be only when
everything has been fully accomplished that the
Government will step in to encumberit with help.
—Miles' City Article.

GARIBALDI AND THE WOUNDED AT

CAS.ER TA.

(From the Medical Times.)

The following extracts from a private letter to
the editor of the Medical Times and Gazette, writ-
ten by a friend who has recently visited Naples,
will be read with interest. The letter is dated
Naples, Sept. 27, and was received this week :
" A few days ago I was one of a party which
went down to Caserta to visit the military hospital,
where the wounded were brought after the unfor-
tunate affair of Capua. We first walked in the
gardens of the palace, where we were so fortunate
as to come, accidentally, on a body of officers prac-
tising rifle shooting. Among these was no less a
personage than Garibaldi himself. As soon as he
perceived us he came frankly forward to Mrs.
W--, who had with her a large hamper of lemons
and oranges for the wounded. On her requesting
him to give orders that she might be admitted to
the hospital, he immediately offered to escort her
thither himself. A few minutes afterwards the
people were a little astonished to see Garibaldi
drive off with an English lady and her two daugh-
ters, without any of his staff, to visit the hospital.
I was perched on the box. After a ten minutes'
drive we arrived at the hospital, a fine modern
building to look on from without, but the wards
are too small, and the ventilation is bad. As to
organisation there is none. When the crowd out-
side knew that the General was there they flocked
into the wards in such numbers that he could
hardly move about. It was a most effecting sight
to see the tenderness with which the weather-
beaten warrior approached the sick-bed. Every
one was visited in turn, and he had a few words
of consolation for each individual. He laid his
rough hand so kindly on the fevered brows of the
most suffering, that the tears started from their
eyes. It was a hot, sultry day, and the air was
very carefully e:,;claded. The reason given to me,
on my asking why the windows were not open,
was that the air too freely admitted was apt to
cause fever among wounded men. Of course there
was no answering such a profound observation, but
after a few minutes Garibaldi ordered the windows
to be thrown open, Mrs. W having suggested
to him the propriety of doing so. Before leaving
the wards, where there were about sixty wounded,
the most of them having been sent into Naples,
Garibaldi made his sem ctary, who had followed
him, give each a patient dollar to get any littlellw
thing he might fancy. On seeing one poor fellow
very uncomfortable with a dry dressing, the
properly
Neapolitan one, he caused him to be propl
dressed, and made some observations about usingere
water for dressings, by which the surgeonsiey used
might profit. He asked particularly
chloroform during operations, and.On
in the. affirmative. This is a step ine.nap.efinished,
waais.tvtni answered
the visit to the common eoldiers h t?
per , of whom there
Garibaldi went to see the otri-d
ss-ome of them af-
were about a dozen. He kiss'
fectionately, and shook bands
known to him env
k bands warmly with all, re-
questing every
of them complained to him,
ono to
wants, etc. Not ole_e_d y
D Airs. “r--, it was
but on being
ere many things required for
quest ne
evident that there w
above
all, night attendance.
The and pretenders of all
anee.
their own comfort
The place is of quacks
kinds, both
medical and military. One ccgentle.
man," calling
hunscit an Inspector-General of
Hospitals, was offering quinine for
sale the other day
Garivaldls Maples. Query, where did
it come from? I saw a case where the haemorrhage
ed by Dr. Simpson's
plan. 1 can-
bad been stopP
noNtcreinte.nterinto details, it is just post time, and
I
haste. One of the surgeons was pre-
sent when I was showing the modus operandi
in the hospital here. He had tried in vain to
secure the artery, a small one, and the man was
getting faint from loss of blood. He then thought
of the needle, and succeeded in arresting the
bleeding instantly. So you see they may begin
to use it by-and-by."

Al us IC AND DANCING LICENCES.—As previously
announced, the Middlesex magistrates will hold a sitting at
the Sessions-house on Clerkenwell-green on the 11th inst.,
to hear applications for the grant, renewal, or transfer of
licences for music, and for music and dancing, under the
statute 25th of George IL, cap. 36. Petitions for renewals
must be lodged with the clerk of the peace this day (Satur-
day). Notices of opposition have been given in the follow-
ing cases :—Cremorne-gardens ; the Alhambra Palace,
Leicester-square ; the Hare and Hounds, Chalk Farm-lane ;
and the Boar and Castle, 6, Oxford-street ; and they are
fixed for hearing on the 12th. There arc about 70 new
applications to be heard, of which the following 10 are
opposed :—The Windsor Castle, Long-acre ; Jeun€ s's
Dancing Academy, 159, Edgware-road ; the Sir Hugh
Myddelton, Clerkenwell ; the Pegasus, Green-lanes ; the
premises No. 194, Whitechapel-road ; the King's Arms,
Road-side, Whitechapel ; the King's Arms, Church-end,
Shoreditch ; the Victoria, Providence-place, "West India:
roa, d Limehouse the Upper Welsh Harp, Hendon; and
the Old Welsh liarp, Hendon. There are noi:ei;sc=t4..s.;
applications in the list, and it will occupYy
three clay* to clique of the Dushiese.