The Sun.
London, England, 1860-12-26 00:00:00

EMIGRATION TO CANADA.

The report of Mr. Buchanan, the chief agent for
the superintendence of emigration to Canada,
giving an account of the emigration of last year
has just been issued from the Colonial-office, where
it has been lying ever since last February. It
states the nationality of the arrivals direct from
Europe during the year, 8,778 in number; 2,610
were English, 1,248 Irish, 1,787 Scatch, 1,100 Ger-
mans and Poles, 1,751 Norwegians. The Nor-
wegians make the voyage in vessels of their own
country direct. Nearly all of them proceed to the
Western States. Balancing emigration against
immigration, it is calculated that Canada added
only 6,300 to its own population during the year.
A high value is attached to the emigration from
Norway, because, independently of the large
amount of money capital it introduces in
the aggregate, it is distinguished by its orderly
and industrious character. Mr. Buchanan con-
siders that in the development of the inexhaustible
wealth which Canada possesses in her fisheries the
hardy fishermen of Norway might find large en-
couragement, and that fisaing establishments in
connection with settlement would greatly conduce
the general prosperity of the country. There
was A, falling off in the Norwegian arrivals in 1859
to 1,751 jn place of 2,656 (the number in 1858),
which is att;:ibuted to the difficulty they found in
realising money 7r their property. But the emi-
gratioc from the Ut red States to Canada has also,
h
we all ktww, greatly dhLinished of late. In th
eind five
o
years 1850.54 06,600 arricsh direct from En;
in the five years 1855.50 40,61;b
from Scotland, in
.ri
' the first period, 26,589; in the seebcl, 13,093; from
Ireland, in the first period, 86, 918 ; the second,
only 9,380. It is not to be desired that ek.-71igration
from the United Kingdom should again be eim u-
lated by the destitution of former years. SikCe
the year 1829 above 900,000 European emigrants
have arrived at the port of Quebec. Small
farmers are the men who are most wel-
come in Canada—persons with sufficient capi-
tal to enter at once upon the occupation of
land, with the view of acquiring a home; and every
facility is given to such persons for obtaining land.
The demand for mechanical labour is not great, and
persons seeking situations in mercantile life find it
very difficult to get employflient. But the great
mass of the emigration to Canada consists of per-
sons who go at the invitation of friends already
there, and it is stated to be rare to find
persons
arrival seeking a settlement ; nearly all on
a have
destination in view, where there are those whom
a
they are anxious to join. Mr. Buchanan strong,lY
recommends the route to Canada direct, even for
emigrants who purpose to proceed to the United
States, and says it will save them from serious loss
by detention and imposition.
The Canadian Go
vernment maintain astaffofservice
agents for the
of immigrants, require railway andwith offers of
steamboat
agents to be licensed to approach them
aOOO dos.as
inland transport, and applied above a,
DOO I• t
-
hre
year in giving direct assistance to those w
destitute, and enabling them to reach theiro dweesti-
nation. Bat Mr. Buchanan prot to h reason
n toCanada—peragainst the " export of paupers
because theot y are
sins sent out by their patishes, ;a