The Sun.
London, England, 1869-02-03 00:00:00

3 1 EH.

Sbrowbbury 15,
Leuruiugtou fiuut 23, &c

SE FIXTURES.

fARY.
Morton-in-Marsh lB
Harrow lB, 19
Poutefract 18, 19
Boston
Windsor 22, 23
St. Albans 23, 24
Derby
Baschurch 26

;C H.
West Somerset 15, 1(
York 17
ere wkerne lB, 19
29, 30
Chepstow

[IL.
Streatham
,
Royal Artily., Woolwich ...8
Knighton
Ludlow l5, 16
Tenbury... 9]
Croydon l2, 23
Co. Louth 3c Ardee 27, 28

Limerick Hunt 4 I -Al AY.
St. Albans
HuntEglinton uut 6, West Drayton.-- 17

JULY.

Kingsbury ............. ,

9
AUGUST.

St. Albans ............................................................. 17

OCTOBER.
Bromley .........................7 I West Drayton 91, 22
Harrow ...... NOVEMBER.
. 2 3 Eglinton Hunt
6, 7
Worcester ~,.............3, .............3,, 4 I Liverpool
91 ,19 11
,
...............
St. Albans ..................5, 6 i Shrewsbury ..... l5, 19

COURSING FIXTURES.

FEBRUARY.

Ludham, Norfolk 11, 12
Brampton, Cumberland ll, 12
Waterloo (Alte^ - -

oo (.

ttcar), Lancashire l7, tte

MARCH.

Ashdown Park, Herts
Fourth S. L

Lancashire (Champion)
County Louth (Chi

pion), Ireland
Scottiih National Open, Lanark 3O, Sze,

OCTOBER.
Aucaster and Willoughby, Lincolnshire 5, G.
Orruesby
19, &c.
Huntingdon Club.. 96, 27.
N 0 VEMBER.

Sundorne, Salop ....
Cothan and Eston....

2, 3.
,••••

.i WATERLOO MEETING-FE8.17.
(Over Altear.)
Patron-Right lion. the Earl of Sefton.
The Waterloo Cup, value £1,600 in specie, by subscriptio
of £25 each; 61 subs; the winner to receive .£5OO, and
the second £2OO.
1. Mr C. F. Allison 33. Mr J. Ingleby
2. Mr J. F. Armistead 34. Mr R. Jardine
3. Mr J. Bake 35. Mr F. Johnston
4. Mr W. J. Barden 36. Mr J. Johnston
5. Mr F. Bartholomew 37. Mr H. B. Jones
6. Lord Binning 38. Mr W. J. Legh
7. Mr J. Blackstock 39. Mr S. C. Lister
8. Mr J. S. Bland 40. Mr J. Lonsdale
9. Mr G. Blanshard 41. Lord Lurgan
10. Mr W. G. Borroa 42. Mr S. Mallabey
11. Mr T. Brocklebank 43. Mr C. E. Martleet
12. Mr J. Brundrit 44. Mr W. H. Massey
y
13. Mr R. B. Carruthers
44(35:
fiSiornC..C3:lC. olyi ueuxnoelux
11. Mr C. J. Chesshyro
15. Mr W. 11. Clark 47. Mr T. Neville
14. Mr E. Croft 48. Mr R. Paterson
49. Mr T. L. Reed
17. Mr J. Cuuningharn
50. Dr Richardson
19.18
33,
rr
JWa ;apes. n
51. Mr J. Savage
54. Mr N. Saxton
20. Sir J. Evan-;
53. Lord Saiton
21. Lorl Garlies
. Mr 'l'. Smith
94. Mr J. (3 i liton
Mr W. M. Gilmour 55. Mr .1. Spiuks
91. Col. Goodlak.l 16. Lord Stair
57. Mr E. NV. Stocker
25. Mr A. Graham
2 Mr T. Green 58. Mr S. Swinburue
,;.
27. Sir C. A. Ilaih‘y 59. Mr G. A. Thompson
CO. Mr R. Todd
2s. Capt. 'fathom
61. Mr B. W. Trinder
29. Mr J. Hav,,vood
30. Mr J. 110-dsou 62. Mr R. C. Vyner
31. Mr .T. 11010 63. Mr R. 11. Williams
32. Mr J. Hyslop C 4. Capt. Wyndham
The Waterloo Plate for the 1G dogs beaten in tho second
ties for the Cup, amounting to £lOO, to be divided as
under:

1. 'Winner o receive ...
1 Second ditto
2. Dogs to receive £7 lOs each
4. Ditto ditto 5 ditto ...

£4O
25
15
20

TIIE AMERICAN POSIAL SYS7E.II.

REPORT OF THE POSTMASTER-GENERAL.

The ordinary postal revenue for the year ending
the 30th day of June last was $16,292,600, and the
expenditures during the same period, including
service for which special appropriations were made,
$22,730,592, showing an excess of expenditures of
$6,437,991. The receipts from postages, as com-
pared with the previous year, show an increase of
six per centum and the expenditures an increase of
eighteen per centum. The ordinary expenses,
not including mail transportation, for which
special appropriations were made, were 521,555,592
dollars, and the receipts, including the amount
drawn under the Acts making appropriations
for carrying " free mail matter," were $20,092.600,
showing an excess of expenditures of $1,462,991.
The receipts of the department were From
postages, $16,292,600 ; the amounts drawn from
the Treasury under Acts making appropriations for
" carrying free matter," $3,800,000 ; and under the
Acts making special appropriations for " overland
mail and marine service between New York and
California," $1,125,000 ; " steamship service be-
tween San Francisco, Japan, and China," $125,000 ;
" between the United States and Brazil," $150,000;
for " carrying the mail on routes established by Acts
passed during the first session of the Thirty-ninth
Congress," $486,525 ; and " for preparing and
publishing post route maps," $lO,OOO, making the
receipts from all sources, $21,989,125. The expen-
ditures of all kinds were, as stated,s22,73o,s92,being
an excess of expenditure over receipts of $741,466,
for which a special appropriation will be required.
During the year 383,470,500 postage stamps, of
the value of $11,751,014 (including 160,000 perio-
dical stamps, valued at $14,750) ; 41,552,300 plain
stamped envelopes, representing $1,285,218 ; 1
25,469,750 - stamped evelopes, bearing printed
cards and requests for return to writers, repre-
s,nting $759,520, and 3,372,600 newspaper wrap-
pers, valued at $137,372, were issued. The aggre-
gate value of these issues was $13,863,124 —being
an increase of 3 45-100 per centum over the issues
of the previous year. The sale of postage stamps
and stamped envelopes during the year, as
reported by the Auditor, was 514,066,130,
or $203,015 more than the issue ; thus absorb-
ing to that amount the stock remaining un-
sold in the hands of the Postmasters June 30, 1867.
There were in the service of the Department on the
30th of June, 1868, 6,891 contractors for the
transportation of the mails. Of mailroutes in opera-
tion there were 8,226 ; aggregate length, 216,928
miles ; aggregate annual transportation, 81,224,325
miles ; aggregate annual. cost $10,266,056 ; includ-
ing the compensation of postal railway clerks, route
agents, local agents, mail messengers, mail route
messengers, and baggage masters in charge of
mails—viz., $1,114,633, the aggregate annual cost
was $11,380,689. This service was divided as
follows—viz., Railroad routes—Length, 36,018
miles ; annual transportation, 34,886,178 miles ; an-
nual c05t,54,177,126, about 12 cents per mile. Steam-
boat routes—Length, 19,647 miles; annual trans-
portation, 3,797,560 miles ; annual cost, $650,631,
about 17.13 cents per mile. Celerity, certainty,
and security—Length, 161,263 miles ; annual
transportation, 45,510,587 miles; annual cost
$5,438,299 ; about 12 cents per mile. The length
of routes was increased over the preceding year
13,683 miles ; the annual transportation, 5,211,536,
and cost $929,770; to which add increased cost
for railway postal clerks, route, local, and other
agents, $93,762, making an aggregate of $1,023,562.
A large portion of the report is devoted to the de-
scription of the troubles of the Overland Mail Ser-
vice, and a proposed readjusttneut of pay for sere
vice on railroad routes. There are now in opera-
ts ieobnd
iivni
atehde United
into
34Statesroutes,
52,6
extending
giin
postal
thelines,
ag-
gregate over 7,019 miles of railway and steam-
boat lines, upon 1,571 miles of which twice daily
service is being performed, snaking a total
equal to 8,090 miles of railway postal service
daily each way, and an increase of 3,276 miles
over the service in operation 'in 1867. There
are employed in this service 279 men, as head
clerks, clerks an 1 assistant clerks, at salaries
rancring from AOO9 to 4kt_4(l3, nor nnnnir. an
crease or Ile men, at a cost of $141,800 over the
previous year. The aggregate amount of postage
(inland, sea, and foreign) upon the letter corres-
pondence exchanged with foreign countries was
$2,153,690. The number of letters exchanged
with foreign countries (exectiive of the British
North American provinces) was 11,198,532, of
which 5,900,307 were sent from and 5,298,22
received in the United States. Increase over num-
ber of previous year, 830,298. Of this number
10,068,659 were exchanged with European countries,
an increase of 626,548 compared with the previous
year. Estimating the number exchanged with
the British provinces "at 2,746,000, the total
number of letters exchanged in the mails with
foreign countries was 13,600,000. The follow-
ing is an abstract of the part of the Re-
ne—dNsN,
eerrwet
shp
ecotsitvpalGermane l
y ,conventions with
Re-
port relating to the new postal conventions with fo-
arGenri
dge
ant
tn
le; countriesrNiteatinll
e,
r ah: leadingel giu
pro-
visionsrn of which were briefly stated in my last Re-
port, were carried into effect on the Ist of January,
1868, and those concluded with Switzerland and
Italy went into operation on the Ist of April, 1868.
On the 13th of December, 1867, before the new
c
e United
into n
operation,i ted K Kingdom dnoemt i
eoef
was
ah
se
givenlBth
ofo njvuetinet,iollBl6w7i,thweteht
3bnpyoolstwtit bee
ee British
refrewspaesre reserved
eeaducPl
cbololeimsrtl-pho e to
aleffinB2ic6elBds,
tibnAyrat terminateieteehleeerdthaathereof
rth
announcement
eooeuf
with
aiemtewhi
:net
eti ochi :
Inn:
that Mr. Anthony Trollop° would be despatched
to Washington in the spring of 1868 invested with
full power to negotiate a new convention better
calculated to afford satisfaction to the people of the
two countries. The provisions of a new convention
to supersede the present one on the Ist of January,
1869, were accordingly arranged with Mr. Trol-
lope at Washington in July last; and after adjust-
ing by direct correspondence between the two post
departments certain modifications 'on which Mr.
Trollope did not consider himself authorized to treat,
the modified convention was formally executed on
the 24th of Nov. last. Its general provisions are
substantially those of the present convention. At
the invitation of the French Government Mr. Kas-
son was sent to France, but failed to effect a revi-
sion of the postal convention with that country.
There has been a modification of the postal conven-
tion with Canada; one made establishing an exchange
of mail with British East Indies. The mail steam-
ship service to Japan is referred to as being regu-
lar and energetic. In reference to the coaling
of the steamers on this route, tho Report says :—lt
was hoped that thediscovery by American citizens of
a. small group of islands midway between California
and China, and conveniently situated with respect
to this' steamship route, would have resulted in in-
creasing the efficiency d the service, by relieving
the steamships of the necessary of carrying the great
weight of coal required for cora'nmption upon their
long voyage of five thousand mile's,
and the efforts
of the contractors to effect this desi.
sable improve-
ment were regarded with great interest. But
unfortunately the surveys made by 0111.1,11'4 of the
•
navy, as well as those of the steams hip sem.
parry, demonstrated that the project was imprac-
ticable of execution at present, owing to shoal-
ness of water at the entrance to the hart, ot.r. If
it should trove feasible, however, as :1 am
informed is the opinion of competent naval offi-
cers whose attention has been given to the _sub-
ject, to obtain the necessary increased depth of
water on the bar, by a reasonable expenditurce he
propriety and expediency of undertaking tite, se ors'
would be a question worthy the attention of cur
Government, as well for the attainment of ti ais ob-
ject as for other public advantages of a n. ational
and commercial character that will readily s uggest
themselves. An increase and extension of tl se ser-
vice on the Japan and China line is recomineni to
the consideration of Congress. The mails have
been satisfactorily carried to Brazil and the led
Ha-
waiian Islands. With regard to the proposed e "'-
tract with the Commercial Navigation Company of
New York, authorized by Act of Congress, Mr ita%

dall declined to execute one in the manner and on
the conditions stated, but expressed his willingness
to make a conditional contract for the carrying of
the mails to Europe by American steamships, at
least four outward trips each week. In view of
the great importance of the subject he earnestly
recommended the proposed contract to the careful
consideration and action of Congress. Continuing,
the Report says—l fully concur in the recommen-
dation of my predecessor, Postmaster-General Den-
nison, in his annual Report of November 2, 1864,
that provision should be made, by treaty stipula-
tions between nations or otherwise, for the excep-
tional treatment of regular mail packets in time of
war, by authorizing such packets, under proper
safeguards against the transportation of per-
sons or articles contraband of war, to con-
tinue their navigation without impediment or inter-
ruption. During the year there were 2,167 post-
offices established, 849 discontinued, and 26,481
in operation on the 30th of June, 1868. The
aggregate compensation for special agents, rou' e
agents, mail route messengers, postal railway
clerks, local agents, and baggage masters in ser-
vice during the year ending June 30, 1868,
amounted to $961,070. The free system of de-
livering letters has been in operation in 48 cities,
and it is hoped that it will ultimately supersede all
others. During the year the number of letter
carriers employed was 1,198 ; mail letters de-
livered, 61,349 ,486 ; local letters delivered,
14,081,906 ; newspapers delivered, 16,919,715 ;
letters collected, 63,164,625 ; amount paid carriers,
including incidental expenses, $995,934 ; postages
on local matter, $475,982. The salaries of
232 postal clerks aggregated $274,000. The
Postmaster-General recommends increased corn-
, pensetion for these carriers and clerks. Dur-
ing the year the number of letters received
' at the lead-letter office was 4,162,144, a decrease
of 144,364 from the previous year. Of these let-
ters, 167,078 were foreign, and were returned un-
opened to the countries whence they came. The
aggregate of postal letter service during the year
is estimated at 720,000,000, and the proportion of
domestic dead letters to the number of letters
mailed is about one to 126. The money taken
from all dead letters undelivered and deposited in
the United States Treasury was $27,967. The
money order offices in operation number 1,468.
During the year 831,937 orders were issued, re-
presenting $16,197,858, and the number paid
836,940, representing $15,976,501, and $142,035
paid to purchasers. The excess of issues over pay-
ments was $79,321. The total receipts from this
branch were $124,503, and the expenditures
$54,158. The Postmaster-General says :--" The
idea that the Post-office Department can be self-
sustaining, in the present condition of the country,
is absurd. It cannot be, and ought not to be, for
fifty years to come. The revenues will largely in-
crease, and so will expenditures. Ten years hence
I estimate the expenses of the Post-office Depart-
ment at $40,000,000,and the revenues at $30,000,000.
This increase must go on as long as the country
prospers, and mineral, agricultural, and commercial
business increases." Attention is called to the gross
abuses of the franking privilege, entailing an estimate
loss to the Department of $1,000,000 to $1,500,000
during the past year. The total abolition of the
privilege is recommended as the only way
to avoid abuses now becoming systematized.
The erection of a suitable Post-office building in
New York is urged as a pressing necessity. The
actual differences between revenues, independent
of special appropriations and expenditures, includ-
ing special appropriations, was
$3,998,456. Tlae
revenues independent of special appropriations, for
the year ending June 30, 1868, were $16,292,600,
and the expenditures, including services for
which special appropriations were made, were
$22,780,592, showing an excess of expendi-
ture of $6,437,991. To meet this deficiency
there were drawn under appropriations made for
carrying free matter, $3,800,000, and under Acts
making special appropriations for overland mail and
marine service between New York and California,
$1,125,000 ; steamship service between San Fran-
cisco, Japan, and China, $125,000 ; between the
United States and Brazil, $150,000 ; for carrying
sae utrty=nlll6ll codgress,
$186,525, and for preparing and publishing post
route maps $lO,OOO, leaving a deficiency, as stated
in the first part of this Report, for the year ending
June 30, 1868, of $741,466. It is seen from the
foregoing statements of receipts, expenditures, and
appropriations, that in supplying necessary postal
accommodations for the people the excess of expen-
ditures over revenues rapidly increased from 1854
to 1859 and 1860, inclusive, the deficiency for
1859 being $6,996,009, and for the year 1860 being
$5,656,705. After the year 1860 the expensive
service in the Southern States began rapidly to
diminish, until in the year 1865 there was so little
mail service performed in the States involved in
the rebellion that the revenues exceeded the ex-
penditures by $861,430. Directly after the war
ended, and during the second year of the Admi-
nistration of my immediate predecessor, ending
June 30, 1866, the Postmaster-General entered_
upon the serious task of restoring the service in
the insurgent States.
In the States of Virginia,
North , Georgia, Florida,
Tennessee, Carolina,
Alabama, o ut h
jaersoilsisni
pa p
Arkansas, Lou.
isiana, and Texas, the service was restored dur-
inag the
tentye costing June, 1866, to
a
$1,086,527. In the same States
ending June 30,
exar ending the 30th of
$1,891,531,
and for the year
thets 6775 t increasedo f service
to for the year
ending Jane 30, 1868, it increased to the sum of
ing
of routes tSi2;ll6aBlo4nse9, $2,168,459. `This
iexpenditurenelad esnone was for transporta-
tion the other large
expenses necessarily connected with the postal
of
the year ending,
length
Juneservice
30, i nltBh6oBs,e States.the
aggregate Dur
in-
creased to 216,928 miles, and the annual trans-
portation increased to 84,224,325 miles, an in-
crease of 14,683 miles in length of routes, and
5,241,516 miles in. annual transportation. Since
the 30th day of June, 1865, and to the first
day of July, 1868, three years, the aggregate
length of mail routes has increased 74,588 miles,
and 'the annual transportation has increased
26,230,631 ten" Since I came to the head of the
Post-office Department in July, 1866, after the close
of my immediate predecessor's second and last year
as Postmaster-General, the aggregate length of mail
routes put up under contract and in actual opera-
tion up to the first day of July, 1868, is 36,008
miles, and the increase of annual transportation for
that time increased 12,386,411 miles. Theincrease of
service and great increase of the expenses of the
department for inland mail transportation have
not all arisen from the restoration of mail service
in the lately disordered States. A large amount
of the service in operation previous to the war,
and discontinued durirg the war, has not yet
been restored. In addition to the increased and
increasing railroad transportation, with its increas-
ing expenses, Congress, by a series of Acts between
the 3d day of March, 1865, and the 25th day of
July, 1868 —a little over three years—created 1,267
new mail routes, with an aggregate length of 48,744
miles. Of theSe 33 were established in the late rebel
States, with an aggregate length of less than 1,000
miles. One hundred were established in the Ter-
ritories, with an aggregate length of 12,141 miles.
The rapid growth of the postal service of the
United States since the present organization of the
Post-office Department was established by the Act
of July 2, 1836, has devolved on its officers an
amount of business of -so extensive, varied, and
responsible a character, that a reorganization wisely
adapted to the present and prospective condition
of the service is necessary to secure the greatest
practicable effi ieney in its administration.

THE MANUFACTURE OF WATCIIES AND CLOCKS.-.
A most interesting and instructive little work, describing briefly
nut with great clearness, the rise and progress of watch and
makin , has just been published by Mr J. W. Benson, of
25, Old Bond=street, 99,• -grove,_-grove,
and the City Steam
Factory, 58 and 60, Ludgate-hill. The book, which is profusely
illustrated, gives a full description of the various kinds of watches
and clocks, with their prices, and no one should make a purchase
without visiting the above establishments or consulting this truly
valuable work. By its aid persons residing in
any part of ti
United Kingdom, India, or the Colonies, are enabled to select for
themselves the watch best adapted for their use, and have it sent
to them with perfect safety. Mr. Benson, who holds the appoint-
ment to the Prince of Wales, sends this pamphlet to any address
on receipt of two postage stamps, and we cannot too strongly
.recommend it to the notice of the intending purchaser,

FOREIGN NOTES.

AMERICA.

Mormonism is threatened with a very serious danger.
The Americans seem to have resolved not to sweep
Brigham Young and his followers wholly out of the way,
as they threatened at one time, but to adopt an easier and
more efficacious stratagem. A bill has been brought before
Congress for the purpose of diminishing the terri-
tory of Utah ; it is to be cut down on all sides ;
one piece to go to Colorado, another to Nevada, another
to Montana, and a fourth to Wyoming. Beyond the
Salt Lake City the domain of Brigham Young will be but
the shadow of what it is now. This, it is hoped, will strike
at the root of Mormonism. The sect will be nothing
unless it becomes a nation ; Brigham Young's am-
bition is not so much to become the head of
a Church, as to found a State. Thii is the
object of his hydra-headed proselytising machinery, his
missions all over the world, his district branches, confe-
rences, and other paraphernalia. The Mormons themselves,
in fact, speak of Young as their spiritual and temporal
ruler, and of their community in Utah and abroad as a
commonwealth. The Americans conceive that the only
mode of resisting this tendency is to parcel out Utah
until but a district is left. They will not inter-
fere with the settled portions ; they will not rob the
Mormons of the wilderness which they have made to
" blossom like a rose ;" but the rest is to be taken from
them for ever.

Mr. Reverdy Johnson has partly retrieved himself hi
American esteem, llis dining and fCiting is almost for-
given on account of his diplomatic success. Con-
trary to all expectation, he has concluded three
treaties one disposing of the naturalisation problem,
another settling the San Juan dispute, and the
third providing machinery for getting rid of the Alabama
difficulty. The general opinion in the United States is
that this last treaty is a triumph. Mr. Johnson
has obtained all thp,t he asked for, and almost all that Mr.
Seward chose to askin addition. Several British subjects
in the States are consulting as to the possibility of their
obtaining damages for property destroyed by Sherman's
army on its march to the sea. The amount which would
be claimed under this head exceeds the value of the depre-
dations committed by the Alabama and other vessels.
It is noteworthy that a circular has made its appearance
at Washington advocating the annexation of Canada by
peaceful negotiation as a quid pro quo for the abandon-
ment of the Alabama claims. The promoters of this
movement seem to go to work in a very temperate man-
ner, but their estimate of the importance of the Alabama
claims is as excessively high as their estimate of the
value of Canada is deplorably low.