The Sun.
London, England, 1856-04-01 00:00:00

rintH WAPEU• AT LONDON BRIDGE.

THIS DkY—Sforn. 12 min. aft. 10 —Evening 2 min. aft. 1
1 (N-Mbaßow—Morn. 41 min. aft.ll—emeniag 0 min. aft. (

WEXTITER—SIIN OFFICE, APRIL 1.
TH&R3IOIIETEB, IN THE SHADE.
55 -highest since noon yesterday.
`i•3 -lowest this morning and dur....n.4 the night.
61 -tt.ls day at noon.
BettoIIETER,, 23.96-falling.
WIND, S. to S. W,- Rather fresh, with very fine, sun-
shiny weather. This 'lay is the highest which the thcr•
monaeter has registered this year.

Frie A 4.
I
; titto

Aun

LONDON, TUESDAY, APRIL 1, 1856.

Yesterday, when the Plenipotentiaries visiteu
the Tuileries, after signing the treaty of peace, the
Emperor observed, "Gentlemen, you have accom
P lished a peace which is honourable to all par
ties concerned without being humiliating to an 3
POwer."

Surely—rather presumptuous, this, on the
part even of our august Ally ! Let NAPOLEON
speak, of course, as authoritatively as he please
and as he has an incontes'ible right to do—fol
France. But, in GOD'S name, let England
be allowed to judge entirely for herself as to
whatever, in her regard, may, or may not,
be fraught with
humiliation !" It is a
word, we cannot but think, of evil
omen at this awful juncture.
that Peace must he which Fancy WHAI
we are expected
welcome, forsooth, because--of this one merely
"negative" merit ! Imagine for a
moa,„
is which
how glorious the Treaty th(
EMPEROR prepares the , world for (as
the noblest words of praise he could possibly
contrive to apply to it) by telling us that it is
not " humiliating to any Power r' Conceive, for
an instant, how welcome such a Treaty of Peace as
the one thus deplorably foreshadowed would have
been in the grand old heroic times which seen,
now by contrast, so very far removed from our
own generation. Conceive, we say, for one in-
stant, how very welcome such a Treaty of Peace
would have been (in England's regard) to our
NELSON and our WELLINGTON, and (as a dip-
lomatic boon for France, won by the edge of the
sword) to—the Great NAPOLEON ! Alas there
were giants in those days

" 0 most lame and impotent conclusion !"
And for this—for this cg thing " of a Peace, we
have been squandering for two years millions upon
millions of pounds sterling I We have been sacri-
ficing the very flower of our army ! We have
been sending regiment after regiinent to perish in
the horrible pest-houses of Scutari
! We have been
leaving battalion after battalion to rot in the cold,
ald damp, and mud, and 'all the attendant priva-
tions of \a cemetery-like Crimean encampment !
For THIS,

It msy -liked by the' politica fribbles wbo

are the toad-eaters of Government—" For what t''
We will answer—For a Despicable Treaty of
Peace, the principal fruits of which may be thus
briefly enumerated :
HANGO unavenged—that incident of unparal-
leled atrocity in the annals of modern
warfare when a boat's crew, carrying a flag
of truce and advancing under the shel-
ter of that hitherto sacred symbol upon a
mission of benevolence and magnanimity, were
made the victims of an infamous ambuscade, and, as
such, were for the most part, by the soldiers of
the CzArt, in cold blood and most deliberately,
assassinated !

the apr)arent paradox, that in fiscal addition, two
and two do not always make four, so that addi-
tiona 1 burdens are imposed on the tax-payers
with( tut any corresponding benefit to the Ex-
cheqt ter.

Nire find that the total sum collected, which,
be it renlembered, represents the gross receipts,
not the net profits, has been 65,704,489/., being
an 'increase of 4,497,671/., or more than two
mithoris less than the estimate of Sir G. C.
atm ; while the produce of the quarter has
been 17,361,1611., or 1,477,6451.
Coming to the particular items, we find that
the i> 'crease under the head of Customs has been
for the year 789,996/., and for the quarter
497,0581., a very poor return for the additional
dutiels on Tea, Sugar, and Coffee. In the Excise
the addition for the year has been 295,5421.,
and for the quarter 37,0821., showing how com-
pletely our predictions as to the anticipated pro-
duce of the increased Spirit Duties have been
verified ; the chief result being the extraordi-
nary stimulus thereby afforded to the demoralis-
ing practice of illicit distillation in Scotland and
Ireland.

SINoPE unexpiated—even to this day unexpi-
ated—save only by the voluntary destruction of
their own ships-of-war by the Russians themselves
within the harbour of Sebastopol !
The atrocious stabbing and pistolling of our
wretched WOUNDED upon the " foughten fields" of
Balaklava and Inkennan—while the gallant fel-
lows thus inhumanly butchered (to be afterwards
rifled, and insulted even. in death, by their mur-
derers), lay writhing upon the ground in agonised
helplessness !
Those are some among the chief triumphs won
during the course of this disastrous war by that
savage and brutalised. enemy, our diplomatists are,
nowadays, beslavering w ith their courtesies Those
are among the oonspionous results of the deplor-
able struggle which has "but just now terminated in
France and in Eigland. with a craven ringing of
hells, firing of cann on, throwing up of caps,
cheers, banners, and illuminations !

In the Stamps there is a decrease of 238,6421.
on the year, and of 55,766/. on the quarter,
chiefly arising from the removal of the stamp on
newspapers, while that there was no equivalent
obtained by the postage of unstamped journals,
may be gathered from the fact that in the Post•
office there is a falling off of 162,4621. on the
year, and of 2,5241. on the quarter.

In the Assessed Taxes there is a deficiency of
177,517/. on the year, but a slight rally has re-
cently taken plane, and we find an improvement
of 7,708/. on the quarter. The Property Tax
shows an increase, both on the year and quarter,
on the former of 3,560,0001., on the latter of
937,9461. It-is still, however, slightly below
the estimate. On the Crown Lands there is an
increase of 8,944/. on the year, and of 1,0001. on
the quarter, while on the Miscellaneous, the least
important of all, inasmuch as it - cannot be in-
cluded in the ordinary sources of revenue, the
improvement is, for the year, 421,6901., and for
the quarter 55,141/.
It further appears tbat the amount received
within the past quarter, on account of the loan of
5,000,0001., has been 3,501,0001., while the de-
ficiency upon the charge of the Consolidated Fund,
to meet the dividends and other charges payable
in the quarter to June • 30, is no less than
2,569,6851., so that so far from the loan leaving
a very considerable balance, as was anticipated,
up to the termination of the regular financial
year, we find that there is still a deficiency of
1,070,685/. to be provided for.

But other memories than these of coursecwill
have to be recorded by -the future historian of the
present epoch in the annals of Christendom. He
will have to celebrate other circumstances, very
conspicuously, besides -.those we have already par-
ticularised, as among the more notable consequences
:f this two years' conillict between the legions of
Russia and those of the, Western Allies. He will
have to inscribe upon those blackened and blood-
stained pages how it came to pass that England
especially, first of all by her war policy, and after-
wards by her peace policy, tampered with the
glory at once of her military and of her maritime
reputation. As thus. ;
The British Navy adventuring upon not one
heroic enterprise, either in the Euxine or in the
Baltic, in any way commensurate with the renown
secured to it in the more daring and chivalric
times of NELSON, and EXMOUTH, and COLLING-
WOOD. Insomuch that we may now define as
about the result of all our grand naval prepara-
tions—the recriminative contest in the House of
Commons between Sir CHARLES NAPIER and Sir
JAMES GRAHAM—or as Punch has it, the mud-
'lespattering, each of the other, by CHARLEY POT
And JEMMY KETTLE.

This is a very unsatisfactory state of affairs,
and we earnestly hope that Sir G. C. LEWIS will
profit by his dearly-bought experience, and have
the courage to avow the errors into which he has
been betrayed, and his unflinching resolution to
enter on a sounder and more judicious system,
that will afford relief to the over-burdened tax-
payers, and at the same time produce the maxi-
mum of income with the minimum of inconve-
nience to the people.

The British-army, upon the other hand, not
merely adventuring upon, but actually achieving,
many glorious, and some of them even wholly un-
paralleled, enterprises of valour—with this lament-
able result, however, in almost every instance :
namely, that of proving simultaneously in the pre-
sence of foes and of allies that its ranks were
;omposed of—what ?--(oar Gallic friends have
nit upon the aptest and wittiest phrase in the
way of definition) of—Lions led by Asses !
Such is the novel prestige accruing, on this hand
fo the British army, and on that to the British
wavy, as the consequences of this lamentably mis-
managed War, and of this disgracefully because
precipitately and insecurely patched-up Peace I
Besides—the turning point of the whole
struggle remains even now but the scene of a par-
qal victory. Sebastopol to this day remains un-
taken 1 So long as the North Forts have re-
mained in the hands of the resolute defenders of
that great robber-stronghold, so long the place
-emains, up to this present moment inclusively,
but half cenquered. ! And yet—with Sebastopol
'tot yet taken—England and France, together with
the lesser Allies, and in shameless complicity
oven with the despicable German Neutrals, have
agreed to patch up a Treaty of Peace, and to do
this, forsooth, with duo regard to the " honour"
of Russia! GOD knows it would
.be far better,
and a vast deal more to the purpose, if they
looked rather to the conservation of their own
ionour intact, rather than to the restoration avel
,atisfaction, awl consolidation of the honour
r" save the mark !"] of their grim Muscovite
antagonist !

The Encumbered Estates Cuurt is confessed to
have delivered a large portion of Ireland from the
hands of incompetent proprietors, and its work is
by no means finished. The great task still re-
mains of reforming its_ tenantry also. To some
extent this has been accomplished by introducing
a better class of landlords ; many of them have
sufficient capital to do a landlord's part in erect-
ing buildings and making the requisite improve-
ments, and are disposed to do it ; others clear
their property and farm it themselves. The
thousands of Ireland are still, however, by nature
small farmers, and must long continue so. The
question is, What can be done to raise them in
their own calling—to convert their hovels into
decent cottages—their wretched appendages into
farm buildings, and the land itself into a drained,
fenced, and tilled farm.

The first answer will of necessity be, Security
for the man who does all this:- Now, it appears that
'at present this is the rare exception, not the rule.
The landlord will not do it, and he refuses to give
the tenant a lease. In England, wherever leases
are refused, we know the effect on the land.
'Compare the Eastern Counties and the Lothians
' with a vast portion of England—North, Midland,
and West the difference may be seen even
from a railway carriage. Tenancies at will cannot
be improving tenancies ; they may be admirably
suited for creating subservient voters, but no man
is his senses will make his farm worth more if his
landlord can step in and take the entire advantage
in the shape of increased rent.

Apart from all this, however, the English navy
has been aggregating its power, meanwhile, to an
extent hitherto unattempted, almost in a manner
we had said altogether unthsught of—to the end
that nothing at all should be done, or for that
matter even attempted, by its newly-organised and
most formidable array of gun-boats, or by its two
stupendous fleets of screw men-of-war !

Apart, moreover, from all we have here previ-
ously remarked in reference to the English army
—that has gained for itself by its blunders, by
its disasters, by its general disorganisation, that,
we say has gained for itself—the Chelsea Hospital
Commission ! As for its victories—they have
been to all intents and purposes substantially
just TWO. England has the glory of the Alma—
France the glory of the Malakhoff. The other
three of conspicuous note have been epigrammati-
cally described thus —Balaklava as a blander, le-
kerman as a surprise, and the Redan as a defeat 1 So
much for the principal incidents of the struggle—
the battle of the • Tchernaya, or, as the French
call it, of the Bridge of Traktir, being bat a bril-
liant episode. Our maritime armaments in the
Black Sea having to content themselves with the
"safe" capture of Kinburn—and tho3e a the
Baltic with the "safe" capture of Bomarsund.
Added to all which,. At this disgraceful close of
this most disastrous war--Odessa remains un-
harmed, Nicholaieff unissailed, and Kars very
infamously abandoned. Consequent upon all
which—comes—The Precious Peace ! The Peace
for which we are to illuminate our windows
jangle our church bells—fire off salvoes of artillery
—set all our gay streamers fluttering in the sun-
shine—and PAY TSB PreEn ! Very satisfactory, no
doubt, with a doubled Income Tax, and all sorts of
11'113°144 upon articles of daily consumption, and
our fair fame damaged, and millions upon millions
already scattered
heaven, and mro virtually to the winds of
hundreds and tr1:0 to follow in due season, and
the dauntless childrenusa n4B
of our brave soldiers,
of soil, our fathers, our
brothers, our sons, crutali
dust on the shores of that ng, crumbling into
terrible region where
so much heroic blood has been 1,14,d in vain !
Peace ? Call this a Peace ?It is only pro-
test it—but the most hollow of all guess
Peace ? Why, anything in the shape of a -peace
should never have been dreamt of, until (at the
very least) we had not only taken Sebastopol en.
tirely and in real earnest, but until after we had
actually swept every man Jack of the Russians
out of the Crimea ! But now—Alas ! the. result I
we can any of us recognise on the instant—there
will come yet a little later on, the dread and
inevitable Day of Reckpning.

For the sake, therefore, of all who are in-
terested in increasing the agricultural produce
of the British Isles—and who amongst us is not?—
it were desirable, if possible, to do something
to call out the energies_of Irish tenant farmers.
We can never believe that they are incapable of
enterprise in their own line ; PADDY is quite as
shrewd as JOHN BULL, and if he cau get money
for his work, quite as willing to do it. But on
his native soil he has had no chance of self-im-
provement. His land belonged, generally, to
some needy and absent owner, and generally one who
wanted to have the poor fellow completely in 11:14
power at the next election. The latter was indeed
the case, as in England, under wealthier lane-,
lords, but the fear seemed greater in Ireland than
here of allowing a political serf a longer tenamy
than an annual one. The worst is that in Ireland
the tenant has no feeling of security that he shall
receive the advantage of any outlay he may make
for the benefit of the- farm, in case of being re-
quired for political, or other reasons, to leave it.
We have seen, even in England, most disgraceful
ignoring of the moral rights of improving tenant-,
when, from any cause, the aid of law could
not be successfully invoked. But in Ireland the
case hitherto has been infinitely worse, and for
the good of the whole community it seems de-
sirable to improve if possible the relation between
landlord and tenant.

Mr. J. H. StmrsoN, of Westport, has given us
iu a small pamphlet, "An Englishman's Testi-
mony to the Urgent Necessity of a Tenant-Right
Bill for Ireland." Mr. Srafrsox has resided six
years in the country, farmed three thousand acres,
and employed three hundred labourers, and may
fairly be considered as a witness of good sense and
competentknowledge. His witness is that it is a first
necessity towards advancing the tenant cultivatian
of Ireland that the tenant be enabled to claim for
improvements if in any way required to leave his
farm, and that the tenants would be satisfied
Tith a moderato and reasonable bill. Ile also
kinks that it is for England to pass such a bill

in her own interest as firmly as she passed the
-r-,neumbered Estates Act, and to pay no regard
the needy and factious Tenant-League men,
Who keep up the agitation for the most selfish
purposes, and would be heartily sorry to see a
•
good bill become an aot of Parliament, since it
would deprive them of the power to agitate. lie
always found the tenants quite ready to be satin.
fed with fair proposals, and to accept prospeetive
rights as sufficient. Hitherto, as our readers

The Revenue Returns for the financial year
and quarter, which has just been brought to a
conclusion, will be found in another part of this
day's impression. They are chiefly remarkable as
affording additional evidence of the accuracy of

* W. and F. G. Cash, 6, Bah' oprgato•atraet:witbont,

TH.E SUN, LONDON, TUESDAY EVENING, APRIL 1, 1856.

will remember, one of the greatest difficulties has
been retrospective claims. - --
One difficulty in the way has often been to find a
fair valuer of the tenant's claims. We think this
difficulty is exaggerated, and that in practice, arbi-
tration would be found easy enough. After a little
time at least a valuer on each side would soon come
to an agreement. The reasonable advantage to
the property of what had been erected upon it or
done to it, could not be a very profound matter
to calculate. If some difficult eases did occur,
what would this be in comparison with the diffi-
culty, or rather impossibility, of tenant improve 7
went under the existing system—if system it can
be called ? Mr. SIMPSON proposes that the
" Board of Public Works" should maintain a staff
of valuators or inspectors sufficient for the work.
We think the more natural course of arbitration
or ordinary valuing might be.tried first. This,
however, is matter of detail. The benefit would
probably be cheaply purchased even at the pro-
posed cost. As Mr. SIMPSON observes, no colony
could compete with Ireland in providing us with
food. -It has 5,000,000 acres of waste land—and
three times that number of acres only half cul-
tivated. He contends, therefore, that a Tenant-
Right Bill for. Ireland is as important to us here
as the repeal of the Corn Laws, and means, in
truth, cheaper bread for Eugland ; we may add,
and a rapidly increasing consumption of English
manufactures.

The economical system is one which, under-
the circumstances, needs little discu.sien. It is
quite true that ordinarily landlord and tenant
should make their own contracts and the law
enforce them. This simple principle is, however,
unduly departed from in England by the im-
mense advantages given to a landlord over any
other creditor, and in several respects the
law modifies the simple contract. But in
Ireland the relation is vitiated by the peculiar
position of the tenant. He is generally too needy
or dependent to bo a free agent, and his landlord
too needy a politician perhaps to allow him to be
so. We regret to add, in conclusion, that poverty
and politics are not the only causes of landlord
oppression. Mr. S. cites the " Law Life As-
surance Company," which owns a vast property in
Connemara; we have not room for the details of
its conduct as landlord—how it evicted great
numbers, crowded the por-house, employed no
labour in improving the property, raised the rents
voluntarily, and drove thirty-four poor people to
live in the dry arches of a bridge, and others
below high-water mark on the shore ! If such a
company could do such things in Ireland, we may
be sure that ordinary laws are not sufficient there
for the tenant's protection.

ARRIVAL OF THE GOYERNMEIVT

MESSIt7NOER.

LATEST NEWS.

(Front a Sapplement to the London Gazette
Extraordinary of yesterday.)
FOREIGN OFFICE, MARCH 31.
The Honourable Spencer Ponsonby arrived at
the Foreign-office this morning from Paris, with
the definitive treaty for the restoration of peace,
and for the maintenance of the integrity and
independence of the Ottoman Empire, which
was yesterday signed at Paris by the Plenipoten-
tiaries of her Majesty, of the Emperor of the French,
of the King of Sardinia, and of the Sultan, and also
of the Emperor of Austria and of the King of
Prussia, on the one part, and of the Emperor
of all the Russias on the other.

DEATH OF SIR CHARLES• HOTHAM. —TRIESTE,
March 30.—Accounts have been receive f of the
death of Sir Charles Hotham, Governor of Vic-
toria.

BERLIN, MARCH 31.

On the occasion of the signature of the treaty
of peace, the King has conferred on M. de
Ma,nteuffel the Grand Cordon of the Order of the
Btu& Eagle.

The Czas, the Austrian journal of Cracow,

says :

." In the night of the 26th the recruit-

merit of 30,000 men from the age of 19 to 35
,took place in Poland."

TURIN, MARCH 30, EVENING.

Salutes of,,artillery have announced at Turin,
Alexandria, and Genoa, the news of the conclusion

of peace.

MARSEILLES, MONDAY.

The Euxine arrive' at this port to-day at one
o'clock p.m., with the mails from India and

China.

FRANCE.
PARIS, MONDAY EVENING.
The Illoniteur of to-day•publishes the official an-
nouncOluent of the signature of peace precisely in
the same terms as. Lord Clarendon's despatch an-
nouncing the fact to the English Government.
The Afonitetir. adds

"The Plenipotentiaries 'of the Congress met at noon
OSterday, in -iiniforM, at the Ministry of Foreign Af-
fairs, to sign the treaty. Immediately after the sitting
alt the PleniPotentiaries proceeded in a handy to the
ruileries, where they had the honour of being received
by the iiiperor.
" At 2 o'clock a salvo of 101 guns announced the con-
c!usion of peace to the population of Paris.
"In the evening the whole city was spontaneously
illuminated in the most brilliant manner."

The Plenipotentiaries will hold their first sitting
on Wednesday upon certain affairs.
The following are some particulars relative to
the important act of signing the treaty of peace :
"The draft of the general treaty of peace drawn up
by the ConoittS de Midaetion having, in the sitting of
Saturday, obtained the sancton of the congress, •the
_plenipotentiaries of the contracting powers met the next
day, as already stated, to proceed to the formal act of
affixing their signatures to the document. M; Feuilkt
le Conches, chief of the protocol department in the
Ministry of Foreign Affairs, had caused seven copies of
the treaty, written on parchment, to be prepared and
placed on the table of the conferences, iii such a
manner that each copy was put before the plenipo-
tentiaries of the Government by which it is to be
ratified. After the text, cf the seven copies had been
carefully compared, the plenipotentiaries proceeded to
affix their signatures to the end of the treaty. Count
Walewski, as president of the congress, signed first,
and the other plenipotentiaries in the alphabetical ord4r
of their' respective cc.iintries. It was at this tnornet.t
that the Emperor was informed by electric telEgraph
that the treaty of peace was signed, and his Majesty
sent back word to the members of the congress that he
would be ready to receive nein after they had con-
cluded their tak. But although the mere act of affix-
ing their signatures occupied the plenipotentiaries but
a very brief portion of time, yet the whole of the for-
mality of signing lasted nearly two hours, as the pleni-
potentiaries, in addition to their signature at the bottom
of each protocol, had to affix their initials to the
different paragraphs, the whole number of such
minor signatures being, it is said, thirty-eight. The
plenipotentiaries of each contracting Power signed
first the ,copy reserved for their Government, and
then the other plenipotentiaries signed in a pliabe-
twat order. In this manner, each contractile. Power
figuring at the head of the signatures of the copy
which it is to'ratify, all difficulties as to etiquette or pre-
cedency were set aside. To ea:h signature was imme-
diately attached the private seal of each plenipotentiary.
Lurnediately after the close of the sitting, all the pleni-
potentiaries went together to the Tuileries, where they
had the honour of being received by the Emperor. Cabi-
net couriers were sent off in the evening to London,
Vienna, Berlin, St. Petersburg, Turin, and Coastal.
tinople, in order to subtni: the treaty to the ratifica-
tion of their respective Courts." _

His Royal Highness the Duke of Cambridge has con -
Vented to preside at the 67t.h anniver,ary dinner of the
Royal Literary Fund, which is fixed to take place at
Freemasons' Hall or the 7th of May.
The Due d'o3una and suite have left the Clarend7n
fir Paris.
The Marquis and Marchione,4s of Westminster and
the Ladies Grosvenor are gone to Eaton, for a short
sejour, previously to taking up their residence in London
for the season.

The pleuipotentiaries at the Congress of Paris,
in signing the treaty of peace, made use of a silver
gilt inkstand specially ordered for the occasion.
This inkstand is decorated in the style of the first
empire, and cost not less than 11,000 f.
Count Orloff and his military suite have been
invited by the Emperor to accompany his Ma-
jesty, en horseback, in the grand review which is
to take place to-morrow in the Champ de Mars.
The same invitation has been addressed to some
superior officers of Austria who have just arrived
in Paris on a special mission from their GAWP
went.

The Moniteur continues to publish long lists of
addresses of congratulation to the Rnperor oa the
birth of the Prince Imperial.
One of the Paris journals has erroneously stated
that Lord Clarendon lefr, Paris last night for Lou-
don, in order to be present this evening in his
place in the House of Lords. It was not his lord-
ship who left Paris, but. Mr. Ponsouby, his secre-
tary ; Lord,Clarendon is still in Paris, and will Le
present this evening at the grand dinner to be
given by Count Walewski, Minister of Foreign
.Affairs, to the Members of the Peace Congress.
All the diplomatic corps are' invited, as also a
number of other distingu shed persons.
The following despatch has been received here
to-day :

The Countess de Salis and Miss de Sails have arrived
at Claridge's Hotel, from their seat, Dawley Court, near
Uxbridge.
The Hon. Mr. and Mr& Francis Stnnor arrived in
town yesterday, from St 'nor, Henley-on-Thames.
A London Goldsmiths', Silversmiths', and Jewellers'
Company bas been registered under the new Limited
Liability Act.

The telegraph between Constantinople and Vienna
wili shortly be open to the public. Thirteen florins is
named as the price of an ordinary message between the
two capitals.
An attempt to dramatise the " Paradise Lost" of Mil.
ton has been made at the Ambigu Comique, but o
n-
tiruing the history of the Creation until the Deluge.
As a drama of course (says Galignani) the thing is ab-
surd, but the variety and beauty of the scenery and
getting up will probably secure it a certain run.
The Frankfort Journal announces that the Empress
of Russia, widow of the late Czar Nicholas, is about to
visit her daughter, the Grand Duchess Olga, at Stutt-
gar!. t.

SPAIN.—In the sitting of the Cortes on Saturday
(March 29), the bill on the receipts of the State, pre-
sented by the Finance Minister, was taken into coosi-
leration by a majority of 184 against 27. Thus the dif-
ficult question wbich threatened to produce a collision
between the Government and the Cortes is happily
solved.

" BERLIN, 30.—A double protocol is to be drawn up
by the peace congress ; one relative to the c.mclusion
of peace, which will be signed by the belligerent powers;
and the other forming a European treaty, in the execu-
tion of which all the powcrs will concur.—Lieut.-Gen.'
Bonin, ex-Minister of War, is named vice governor of
Mentz. The news of peace, published this evening, has"
or..duced an extraordinary sensation. From Russia we
Icarn that the Grand Dukes Constantine and Nichilas
awl General To:babel, accompany the Emperor Alexan-
der on his journey to Finland."
BOURSE, March 31, Two o'clock..—The market
has been rather agitated. Route at first obtained
a slight improvement to 73f. 70c., but afterwards
receded to 73F. 45c. The option of the premiums was
done at this price. The proclamation of peace has
had no great effect on the Bourse. A notice of the
Bank of France that the rate of discount was re-
duced from 6 to 5 could not prevent the Recite
from declining. The Mobilier were done at from
1,660 f. to 1,665 f. Railway Shares obtained a rise
of sf. and 10f. on the quotations of Saturday.
Half-past Three—The market continued to de-
cline until the close, when the following were the
quotations :

Mahmoud Khan, who was lately sent to St. Peters-
burg on a special mission by the Shah of Persia, arrived
at Tiflis on the 231, on his wa►y back to Teheran.
ITALIAN RAILWAYS. —The question of connecting to-
gether the Lombard railway lines with those of Sardinia
is on the point of being decided. Tne junction will take
place, in all probability, on two points, one near Pavia,
4nd the other at the bridge of Buffakra, near the Ticino.
The health of the Empress improves every day. No
day is, however, yet fixed for the chuff ching of her Ma
jolty, but the ceremony cannot be long delayed. Tne
baptism of the imperial prince being, according to the
published programme, to take place after the churching,
it is calculated that it will be celebrated in the course of
the first fortnight in April. The ratifications of the
treaty cannot be exchanged so a ion, but the adbeSion of
al! the high contracting parties will be then known by
telegraph, so that the rejoicings for the baptism will he
also rejoicings for peace ; and as the members of the
Congress will be sill in Paris, waiting to effect the ex-
change, their presence will give to the fetes the character
of a European solemnity.—ConstituConnel.
Major-General Sir H. D. Jones, of the Royal Engi-
neers, -whose services at the Efege of Sebastopol and at
Bomarsund will be remembered, has been appointed by
Lord Panmure governor of the It ,yul Military College,
Sandhurst.

End of Month.
—f. —c.
72 90

Cash. : fr. 0.
1 per Cents . 93 80
3 per Cents .. • 72 70
New Loan .73 20
Bank Shares 3,r)00 ' Roman
Credit Alobilier 1,665 Austrian
Belgian Five 5.......; Spanish Threas
Piedmontese 94 5 Home Debt •
RAU/WS TS--SOR CASH.

By the death of Sir Efvde Parker, Bart., Capt. Parker,
aide-de-camp to Major-General Eden, commanding the
Western District, succeeds to the baronetcy. Captain
Parker is the youngest brother of the gallant Captain
ilyde Parker, who fell in the service of his country
shortly after the commencement of naval operations
against Russia. .
TUE LATE EXTENSIVE EDBEZZLEVENTAT LIVERPOOL.—
LIVERPooL, Monday.—At the Liverpool Assizes, this
morning, before Mr. Baron Martin, Robert Wilson, ca-
shier to Messrs. Brocklebank, merchants and shipowners
,f this town, pleaded-guilty to the minor indictment of
larceny. Whereupon Mr. Sergeant Wilkins rose to
address the jury .'in mitigation of sentence, but was
stopped by his lordship, whe observed that the offence
was one of the greatest enormity of its class, and must
be visited with the severest punishment the law autho-
rised him to infl'ct. The prisoner must, therefore, be
transported for 14 years.
THE REPORTED LOSS OF VIE CLIPPER SHIP SCHOU-
RERO.—In. The Sun of the 24th March we gave currency
to the report of the loss of the above ship while on her
voyage from Liverpool to Melbourne. The report in
question, which was brought to Liverpool by the Light-
ning, stated that the Schomberg had gone ashore thirty
miles north of Cape Otway, and that the whole of the
passengers, 300 in number, were raved, besides 3,000
tons of merchandise. A despatch received at Lloyd's
yesterday from Melbourne, via Trieste, confirms the loss
of this fine ship. No details are given in the despatch,
which is dated Melbourne, Dec. 28, and worded as fo'.
lows Schomberg, Forbes, ashore west of the
Otway.
MANCHESTER, SHEFFIELD, AND LINCOLNSHIRE RAIL-
WAY.—Tbe working expenses and other outgoings of this
company's:railways (exclusive of the Manchester, South
Junction, and Altrincbatn, stated below) have amounted
in the fortnight ending March 23 to 8,3921. 15,. ld.,
making, with the 45,5321. Bs. sd. already stated, a total
of 53,9251. 3s. O. for the first 6 fortnights of the half-
year, or at the rate of 58.26 per cent. ou the railway
traffic for the same period. The proportion of the South
Junction, &0., receipts accruing to this company for the
fortnight ending March 23, amounts to 7711. 4s. ld.,
making, with the 3,449/. lls. 21. previously stated, a
total for the first G fee tnights of the half-year of 4,2201.
15s. 3d.; while the expenses being 3831. is. 10d. for this,
and 1,9171. .15 6d.forthe
to 2,300/. 178. 4d., orthe at rate of 54.51 per cent. of
tha receipts.

Or!eans ............x..1,330 Western BO5
Northern l,OlO S. tras b ung
Lyons-
Mediterranean 1,577 50 Grand Central
Lyons Geneva BOl Teste
Cette