The Sun.
London, England, 1860-12-10 00:00:00

T

Everything we hear from Hungary gives hope
that the resistance of Austria to the just demands ,
of the nation will be vain. As usual she resorts
to every device which seems likely to delude or
baffle the people ; but everything is seen through ,
in a moment, and force alone is yielded to. The ,
majority of the Conservative party itself is enough
Hungarian not to relish the supercession of them-
selves by German officialism ; and though party
spirit is sometimes disadvantageously active, yet
the great party whose watchword is " Hungary for
the Hungarians," includes not only the common
people, but the greater number of the landlords and
nobles also. The EMPEROR names Lord
Lieutenants, or presidents of counties, but
they find themselves continually obliged to
disregard the new Imperial directions, and
to fall back on the ancient usages of the country.
Hereilluisstroantn of
one instance, and, »lutatis nzutandts, it is
an
o
other Imperial arrwanh gate
mi se
nt
sgoing. T ohne rlmpeegr
ar
ld t
in-
structions direct that "permanent Committees'
should be formed by the Presidents of the counties.
Count STEPHEN CAROLYI, placed in charge of the
important county of Pesth, with its associated
communes, pays no attention whatever to the order
about Committees, but forthwith issues a circular
the communes to assemble for the election
directingofrepresentatifes to supply the " gaps created in
the representation since 1848." He, therefore,
seems to assume the elections of the year of liberty as
the legal elections, as not cancelledthe
itbtyn,a
lna
2yeaa;
of illegal suppression of the u

to look upon the old General Assembly of the
Counties as the only one he could venture to call.
Some may possibly imagine that the laws of
1848, which are now so steadily demanded by the
Hungarians, must be, of course, revolutionary,
almost Republican. This is a great mistake.
They are what even Conservatives in this country
would, for the more part, deem very moderate.
The franchise was fixed really high, The chief
object was to seeuie precisely the liberties we
enjoy here, to abolish feudal service, to protect
the press, and to place finance and the army in the
same sense as in England, under the control of the

people's representatives.
Among the laws of 1848, which received the
sanction of FERDINAND, on the'llth of April in
that year, the principal seem to have been these,
as enumerated by M. SZABAD-ISt, An annual
Diet to be held at Pesth, and the members to be no
longer bound, as before, by instructions from the
counties. 2d. That the King could not dissolve
the Diet till the Budget was settled. 3d. The
President of the Upper House to be appointed by
the King, and that of the Lower elected by ballot.
4th. The elective franchise to consist of a posses-
sion of property in a town to the value of £3O, and
a corresponding value in a county. sth. The
elective franchise to be conferred irrespective of
income on physicians, lawyers, teachers, all other
learned professions, manufacturers, and trades-
men. 6th. The Diet to consist of 446
members, 377 for Hungary and the annexed
territories, Croatia and the three Sclavonian coun-
tries, and 69 for Transylvania. 7th. Payment of
deputies to be 10s. per day. Bth. The principle
of general taxation for all classes of the population.
9th. The .Robat—feudal labour, to be abolished, as
well as tithes to the landlord and clergy—a fair
compensation, however, to be arranged, especially
for the poorer clergy. There were laws also re-
lciting to the University and th 9 National Guard—
the irremovability of the judges, and, above all, to
the lit,\erty of the press.
The °Meet of the man who claims to be King of
HUNGARY is illegally to ignore what the last King
of HUNGAR did legally ; and to treat the
twelve years illegal attempts to enforce the
centralisation scheme of Prince SCWARTZENBERG,
as a legal cancellin of the nation's rights. The
j
Hungarians refuse to' acknowledge the Imperial
Revolution, effected col trarY to the fundamental
laws of Hungary, by the calling in of a foreign
army. If compacts, treatcos, and laws are to be
respected, and the wretched HAPSBURG is ready
enough to demand respect for them, if they will
help him to keep a province, thei FRANCIS JOSEPH
ought to go on his knees to the Hungarian nation,
and not the nation to him. Nothing in Italy can
compare with the violence, treachery, and revolu-
tionary character of all his dealings with Hungary,
and sincerely do we hope that the prudence, self-
command, and firmness of the Hungarians, aided
by propitious events without, will compel the
young despot—old enough in political crime—to
humble himself to those whom he has wronged.
The Hungarians would, indeed, deserve to suffer
for their folly if they placed themselves in the hands
of a thorough HAPSBURG, without taking constitu-
tional precautions which he could not break through.
It were mere weakness for a nation of noble-minded
men to sell themselves to an heir to all the vices of
generations of Hapsburgs. It is the very nature of the
race to cheat, to cajole, and when they have deluded
their victims and brought them within reach of their
spring, to seize them with a deadly grasp. Like the
feline race they can never be tamed. The liberties
of their subjects are the prey on which they de-
light to live, and the sight of them ever invites
attack. Or, to view them in another light, they
regard constitutional arrangements as so many
ignominous fetters and bars, which they watch the
first opportunity to burst. The business of the
Hungarians is to see that they cannot burst them.
Possibly, if the dynasty could receive the discip-
line of half a century or more of con-
stitutional training, and find, by experience,
that there are nobler pleasures in royalty, like that
of our QUEEN'S, than in the self-will of absolutism,
they might be a little more safely trusted. A
people's liberties, however, depend on a people
being their own watchdogs.
One gratifying fact is, that the partes annexce,
Croatia, and the Slavonian provinces and Transyl•
vania, all of which Austria uses every means to
keep separate from Hungary, seem all to prefer
uniting with her, as of old, as federally parts of
the Hungarian Kingdom, sending their dele-
gates to the National Diet, and admi-
nistering their own affairs according to their
hahits and usages. It has indeed always been a
part of Hungarian policy from the days of their
famous King STEPHEN at the very commencement
of the 11th century, to respect scrupulously the
peculiarities of each section of the nation. The
smaller annexed provinces were not merely allowed
their natural customs, it was the preferred policy.
While Austria has treacherously laboured to Ger-
manize Hungary and all besides, Hungary sedu-
lously abstained from endeavouring to Hungarianize
the provinces which were united to her Crown.
dS
ehveje luospt
el yd held that
n th
et
r to
wt hne ir
way.energies
Probably, wul be
therefore,
betterrefore,
even the Croats, whom Austria seduced to their
own ultimate enslavement to rebel against
Hungary in 1848, now fully understand that
their only guarantee for independence is in union
with Hungary. Transylvania, though in large
part of Saxon origin, shares the same feelings,
though fictitious deputations to Vienna are got
up to present the opposite appearance. There
is, therefore, every ground to anticipate that,
eventually, German functionaries and German sol-
diers will have to return to the place whence
they came, and leave the noble people and king-
dom to self-government and liberty. The Hunga-
rians are a generous race; and when they have
secured all they so justly demand, they will readily
co-operate with the German part of the Empire, in
everything but oppression. Their fault has been
readiness to forgive not readiness to rebel. They
must now take final guarantees, that further
rebellions shall not be needed.

THE PRINCESS ALICE.—The marriage of the
Princess Alice, according to the Observer, has been defini-
tively settled to be solemnised in London, during the ensu-
ing season, with Prince Louis of Hesse Darmstadt. The
Prince is the eldest son of Prince Charles, the brother and
heir presumptive to the Grand Duke of Hesse Darmstadt,
who has no children.
THE VACANT GARTER.—There will be a Chapter
of the Garter at Windsor on the 17th inst., when the
Duke of Newcastle will be elected one of the knights of that
order.
His Highness the Maharajah Duleep Singh has
arrived at Claridge's Hotel from a tour df visits. His high-
ness leaves town to-day for Windsor Castle, on a visit to
her Majesty.
The Duke and Duchess of Manchester will leave
town in a few days for Kimbolton Castle, Huntingdon-
shire.
We regret to learn that the young Earl of
Jersey, a student at Eton, is suffering from serious indis-
position.
The Earl of Abingdon comes to town to-day
from Wytham Abbey, Berks.
Viscou n t Uffin g ton leaves town to-day for Coombe
Abbey, Coventry.

Lady Georgiana Fane, who has been on a tour
in the United States, was at New York when her last
letters were despatched to this country. Her littlYdaP jo
expected home by Christmas,