The Sun.
London, England, 1869-03-12 00:00:00

THE MISSIONARIES AGAIN.

The latest missionary difficulty—that at Formosa—was
simply a reproduction of the Yangchow affair. Some
officials excited the mob, missionaries were assaulted, their
converts ill-treated, and their residences sacked. The
troubles were more than once repeated, some merchants
getting a share of the abuse. The usual nostrum, two
gunboats, was administered. Lieutenant Gurdon attacked
Anping,, drove out the Chinese garrison, and, " in accord-
ance with the special instruction of the Consul," kept
possession of the place until satisfaction was given. Hold-
ing this material guarantee, the " mcst satisfactory terms"
were exacted ; in fact, there was a general settling up-
" Compensation," says the Times correspondent, " has
been given to the sufferers by the outrage, their assailants
have been punished, and the delinquent official removed;
the illegal restrictions which had been placed on the cam-
phor trade have been abolished, and various minor ques-
tions have been arranged." Of course in all these cases
loss of life must be prevented if possible, but surely Chris-
tianity cannot be promoted by involving the settlement of
the camphor trade in a religious difficulty.

IvEW YORK CITY.

(From the Anglo-American Times.)

Perhaps the most valuable estate in the world is
the island of Manhattan. Of its 14 miles in length
nine are about 2i broad from the Battery north- -
wards, the other five narrowing to a width of about
Ij, the whole comprising an area of 15,000 acres, but
on those acres stands the City of New York. The
fortunate freeholders in Manhattan had but to wait,
nor for long, for the value of their property to
double, quadruple, rising steadily iu a progressive
multiplication ratio. Every sixteen years the city
doubled its superficial area as well as its population,
and considerable as is the size of the island, it was
clear that it would soon be unable to contain the
inhabitants of one of the most rapidly increasing
emporiums in the world. Where the space is cir-
cumscribed by water, and the boundaries are neared
beyond which the town proper cannot go, the value
of the land rises in a ratio out of proportion greater
than the mere increase of population, and the
owners of real estate in New York found themselves
so placed that it appeared almost impossible to
check the upward tendency ; yet, strange to say,
the city authorities have succeeded in doing this,
at least in one most important point. For the
first time for many a long year there is no " ap-
preciation" (to use the word as it often is used
there) in New York rental. So enormous has been
the taxation, so unscrupulous the City Government,
and so exorbitant the rates charged for house ac-
commodation, that building on Manhattan has in
a measure ceased, while small towns are springing
up in 'Westchester County and New Jersey, to which
drift a swelling tide of population. Every effort is
being made to bring these new townships into easy
communication with the city. Railways, roads, and
bridges are projected or in construction, ferries
established, and as communication improves people
avail themselves of the opportunity to escape from
the grinding taxes of the landlords and of the mu-
nicipal corporations. Hence the check ; only shops
in the best part of Broadway, houses in fashionable
streets, and similar tenements, are holding their own,
or slightly increasing, while a decline generally is
looked for. Once the outlet is opened it will not
be easy to stop the outpour, and we regard this as
the means best calculated to restrain the jobbing of
the City Council and the exactions for which New
York has made itself notorious. For the informa-
tion of our English readers who do not know the
American metropolis, we give the following brief
description. The lower end of Manhattan, where
old New York stands, together with the east side,
being less irregular and more easily graded, was
that first built upon. The west side is more ele-
vated and finer in landscape, divided by the Man-
hattanville Valley little over the water level into
two ridges, which become a high shoulder of land,
rising from the liaison and falling in the line of
Ninth-avenue to the level of the Harlem plains.
Above One-hendredth and Fifty-fifth-street com-
mences the Fort Washington region, or the Field, the
most irregular is the island, and till lately considered
too expensive for building purposes. It is three and
two-thirds miles long, averaging in breadth three-
fourths of a mile, and comprising 1,700 acres. The
old King's Bridge-road runs through a valley half
way between the Harlem and Hudson Rivers, with
two ranges of hills en the west side, abrupt and
almost inaccessible. Near Spuyten Duyval is a
salt marsh, extending to the hills on the Hudson.
The eastern spur ends north of Fort George, where
a tract of 60 acres of salt meadow commences.
Washington Heights, the property of Mr. James
Gordon Bennet, is the highest point, being 271 feet
above low water, and it is here the fort once
stood. Most of this irregular surface is covered
with oak, chestnut, elm, walnut, and cedar trees,
with groves of extent and beauty, making up
a pretty landscape, and thus constituting the upper
portion of the island, the best adapted for private re-
sidences. New York city wus settled by the Dutch
in 1612, but remained of no great importance till
the War of Independence, and its main rise has
been within the 19th century. In the early days
all the streets were below or south of 'Wall-street,
the present banking and broking quarter, and the
town continued to progress according to the fancy
or the interests of the owners of land who desired
to sell their lots to the best advantage. This, how-
ever, was interrupted in 1807 byan Act of the Legis-
lature to lay out the city above North-street, now
Houston-street, according to the present plan, which
was completed in 1820 ; but streets had been pro-
jected to the north on " hip's Bay" property and
the Middle Road, now Fifth Avenue, from Forty-
first-street to Ninetieth-street and Cross-street.
Old New York had the appearance of an ancient
Dutch town, with narrow, irregular streets and gable-
ended houses; but the northern portion, thanks to the
timely interference of the Legislature, is con-
structed on a beautiful plan. The great feature
of the city is the thoroughfare called Broadway,
which runs from the Battery at the extreme
south to King's Bridge the extreme north, that
is fourteen miles. It divides the island in its
entire length into halves, occupying the height
between the rivers and maintaining its width of
eighty feet. Its starting-point at the Battery is
from the junction of the Hudson and East Rivers,
where an open crescent-shaped plot of eleven acres
has been tastefully laid out, and is so situated as to
command a fine view of the surrounding waters, with
their labyrinth of islands and shores. At this ter-
mination of the street is the bowling-green, an
elliptical area, with a fine fountain. Its first three
miles are straight, and present a grand perspective.
The Fifth-avenue is its continuation, the one being
the bu4ness thoroughfare, the other the fashionable
quarter. Throughout the entire length it is held to be
the most picturesque of streets in appearance, being
alike striking in the grandeur of its buildings, in
the brilliancy of the colouring, and in its bustle and
gaiety. The edifices are on a fine scale, often built
of the whitest marble, and the clear atmosphere
gives this great artery the benefit of a coup (Pwil,
embracing distinctly the uninterrupted view. Ban-
ners wave, the throngs are gaily dressed, the car-
riages are brightly painted, and the sky makes the
most of the colour, the air being more transparent
than that of Paris. Other avenues run parallel,
or in accordance with the nature of the ground,
and the island is crossed by numerous streets, so it
is easy to understand the plan of the city. Although
the space is limited for a mighty emporium like
New York, an area has been taken to form the
Central Park, two and a half miles long and half
a mile in width. The length is cut by four trans-
verse roads, half a mile apart, constructed below
the Park's surface so as to facilitate traffic across
the city, and handsome arches span these roads
This is a fine feature, giving to the crowded city
a charming demesne exceeding Hyde Park iu ex-

tent. It possesses nine miles of carriage drives,
five and a half for saddle-horses, and twenty-two
and a half for promenaders. Zoological gardens,
floral observatory, arboretum, artificial lakes with
pleasure boats, and a grand system of water-works
for drinking and irrigation are there. Both plants
and animals rapidly increase from the numerous
presents constantly received, nor do the citi-
zens confine their gifts to these ; for large stuns
are expended to adorn this Park with statuary.
The avenues branch off from or above Central Park,
and traverse the upper portion of Manhattan Island.
Those in process of construction will be at least 100
feet broad, but in some cases this will be extended
to 150. Fourth Avenue, above Thirty-fourth-street,
was widened to 110 feet, and the old avenues are
all 100 feet across. Oue of the grandest is thus
described :—" The Road,' or Public Drive,' be-
gins at the Circle, which is situated at the south-
west corner of Central Park. Following the line
of Broadway it passes north-westerly, crossing
Ninth avenue diagonally at Sixty-fifth-street, and
Tenth-avenue at Seventy-second-street. It then
goes midway between the Tenth and Eleventh'
avenues, as far as One-Hundred-and-foUrth-street,
where it bends to the westward, pursuing the lino
of the Bloomingdale-road, and erik-s the Eleventh-
avenue at One-Hundred-and-seventh-street. Prow
this point it follows the course of that avenue above
One-Hundred and-fifty-fifth-.street, where it con"
tinues as part of the improvements of the Fort
Washington District. Departing westward, it tra-
verses the high bluff above the Hudson River to 3
point midway between Fort Washington and Kings'
bridge, where it turns to the Kingsbridge-road•
The prospect from this Boulevard will be veil
charming along the greater portion of the route'
It .will be elevated at the upper part from 50 to 12°
feet above the tide, thus commanding magnificent
views of the Hudson and the opposite shores." But
the island of Manhattan will soon cease to contain
all New York city. The problem now is to cross
the Harlem River in the upper part by suspension
bridges so as to form a continuation of the great
thoroughfares, and in the lower part by tunnels. it
is designed to form lines of docks along the shores
of the Harlem, and as soon as the removal of the
obstructions of Hell Gate will improve the passage;
both sides the stream will be lined with docks an°
warehouses, and bridges could not therefore be
erected in that portion without impeding the traffic:
Efforts are now being made to secure all that is
needful in Westchester for the future extension °I
the city. The Bronx and Saw-mill Rivers will glee
the supply of water, and the plan of the streets will
be designed, so as to harmonize with those of ilea
York ; and for this purpose it is probable that
at'
will be brought under the same government as that
of the metropolitan city. Brooklyn is to be On;
nected with New York by a grand bridge, f°,.,
which purpose bills have passed both the Federal an
'i
the State Legislatures, doubts being entertained
of the power of a State Government to
the construction of a bridge across tidal wat!tv
Water must be the most striking feature of a cl.:f
built on a narrow island, and water is the chlo
natural feature of New York. Steamers are leo
motion around ; the tall masts of the shipping alq,o
like a forest ; the ferry boats are scudding acre's t,°
New Jersey, to Brooklyn, and to the numerous to use
growing up on every side ; the water being as de %,
a scene of life almost as the land. But life in retle
less motion is nowhere else seen so active as en e,
Island of Manhattan. Bustle and hurry, exer,,il be
ment and sensation, load the very atmosphere. .1-
e,
effort to do the most business in the shortest toato
if it be business—to have the most pleasure, if it
pleasure, is apparent, and forms the marked trait (4
the inhabitants. It is like some European eitieos:
yet wholly unlike ; and perhaps no other flier f
0
polis has peculiarities so entirely its own• re
the city itself, Broadway and the Central Park
the most noticeable characteristics, neither heff;
elsewhere excelled, and one being unequalled. cap
a pity to see the progress of a town in any
checked possessing the enormous advantages of
Yolk; such hartour and dock facilities given hYnu,
ture, such natural and acquired means of com:04;
cation, such beauty and concentrated conveniene'ed
but the city's evils work out their own cure, iodere
eventually end in good to all. The streets 1' a
overcrowdel, and it is necessary that the labottr'ft'
co
classes should ha re the benefit of a more open sOthe
and quick and cheap transit to their work in
city. This is what the rise in the rentals has 14 to,
10
and before long the lower portion of New Yorl'. `its
be like that which is technically known as the To
in London, a place for business only, but where ,f
families dwell—crowded by day and deserted
night.

DUNVILLE and Co., Belfast, are the ,
holders of Whisky in the world. Their Old Irish Whilveseli
commended by the medical profession in preference to
orto
Brandy. Supplied in casks and cases for home use or elPa co.
tion. Quotations on application to Messrs. Danville
Belfast; or 4, Beaufort-buildings Strand. London Vi'a
vertisement. CO.l

In the report of the Messrs. Miller anclol4s,
stock and sharebrokers of Royal Exchange-bt'.“s:
London, for the past month the following remark 013-005
"The most notable rise has been in United State
of
It is saicl that the surface of Great Salt

--------
Utah, is rising about one foot a year.
Chi°
A Boston firm has received an order frog' 0
for 600 cases of cheap boots and shoes, probably the
consignment of the kind ever sent to the country cfest
It is said that the Hwango, one of the I.3fg it 4
h
rivers of China, has recently changed or is chan,c:pork
outlet, and now enters the sea at a point 500 rai'e,,,t, ft. 4
of its recent mouth. The clinge is so complete tr'rofol'
we aro informed, the Rev. D. Martin, one of 010 or
sors in the new University at Pekin, has Nv''llice while
foot ovor the spot where Lord Amherst's junks note'
the natives burned incense to insure a favourable PFivs.!
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'lto
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Father is excellent, especially since, abandoning alis flea
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his Holiness cannot praise this excellent food too ti,ltz
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James Roberts, of Frimley, Surrey, of 30 Years' disease
spitting of blood, liver derangement, and pariial ca:_a ow
_big 0
portant Caution—Beware of the many unsavourY
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Oarredesrent
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oofpucaßrArißaßg
at 55s.—being about one penny per cup. The f os. lion
wet,
don; and all Grocers and Chemists.
eY
airindECflog.l,anNdo.77,r eucetpetuotr.

Births. t tlio 11013.
BANKES —On the 9th inst., at Eccleston-street
t i
Mrs. Nugent Bankes, of a daughter.
MEu. B.
3MAlNer—riOmnanth:iq., of a
e3sllthinssto,u.at Tottenham,
the ITLie
c
Marriages. foal'
.. -nfitlit vnitit,'
FLETCHER— THOMSON—On the 10th root., M. ..- ,e v-,
Fletcher, J.P., of Whitehaven, and Stilton Ifou-i; ;s•J''
friesshire, to Marion, daughter of Wm. Tb°fus° '
,4 Ilicii-
of Dutufries.
Nloants—Tt:RNEtt—On the 9th inst., at St. Job9:llPleci
mood, James Morris, M.D , of 13, Sorners-PTc:Tarii
park-square, to Agnes, only daughter of J°j-
Esq, late of Glasgow.

Vetet
Deaths. ohu
BOILEAU— On the 9th inst , at Torquay, Sit "
Oeorl
Boileau, Bart., F.R.S., aged 75. Charles
BAGNALL—On the Bth inst., at Streathartl,
c6r
Jo-11
13agnall, Esq., aged 25. 11
HEARNE-0 n the 10th inst , at Brompton,
Esq. (formerly of 81, Strand), aged 81.

,
London : Printed and Published by ViILIA-In c 13,1
of No. 112, Strand, Printer, at TSB Our{ t: 0'
Strand, in the Precinct of the Savoy, in the
2tliddlesext—Friday, March 12, 1868.