The Sun.
London, England, 1856-05-17 00:00:00

COURSE OF EXCH.

kinsterdam 11 19.
Ditto, three months l2 1
Rotterdam ...... 12 Iya
Antwerp ........
Brussels
Hambnrgh .• •• •• •• •••• 13 11W

Altona •• •• •• •••• • •
25 42%
Ditto, three months .. 25 77}i:
Marseilles 25 77

Boaz:lea= ..••• •••• ~..•
Frankfort-on Maine.... 1214
Berlin ••••••••••••••••
Vienna •• •• •• •• •• •• •• 10 2l
Trioate•••••••.•• •• ..• .. 10 26
retorsburg •, .• •• •• •• •• 36%
Cadiz ••••••••••••••,...• 50
Barcelona • @II • • so •4 •Ir
evile•.•••• •• •• ••

.ANGE.-YZIITERD AY.

Gibraltar...... •. • ... • •
Leghorn 30 lb •
Genoa
Nsples ..... .• 43%
Palermo 130%
Messina .... 131
Lisbon ... 53%
Oporto •,••••,.....,•••• 53%
Ria Janeiro
Buenos Aytes.. • . • • ..
New Norit,6o days' sight
Philadelph:a

FEICFO OF SIILITCN, ?El 02.
Foreign Goldin Bars £3 17 9
Portugal Gold Coin .. 0 0 •
:Mexican Dollars .... 0 5 0%
New Dollars ...... 0 0 0
Anver in bars ....., n b

Spirit of the Public Journals.

( Front the Times of this day.)
It seems that we aro never to be indulged with a spell of
tranquillity within and without. Scarcely had we done
with the foreign foe than a set of internal enemies startled
up within, the heart of the capital, and we are once more
delivered over. to anxiety and alarm.- If we have+ no longer
to fear for the lives of our friends :in the Crimea, the ap-
preheusion must now be for ourselves and for our property.
Stones in place of shells, and bliefgedns in place of sabres,
will, according to all appearance, play their" part ; and to-
morrow, upless the peepltebe better advised, we have to
apprehend a repetition of the dismal follies of last year.'
We have received a number of placards of an inflammatory
character, in which it is recommended :that the people
-should assemble as ulna' in the Parks. Nothing more is
said, althotieh everything is' implied. "Little birds" in
melodious whisper have informed the authors of these-pro-
clainations that " the people will 'be' the stronger," &a.
Now, it is notallees to say what the end of this will be.
There will be a great assemblage in the Parks, especially is
flyere—erraik-:—Tls6lbiera'and ieligaboreds of London will
introluce themselves among the honest and• respectable
portion of the population. A disturbance will ,follow.
There will be rows, and conflicts with the police, until at
length even the persons who wish best to the cause for
which the people are contending will be compelled to ad-
mit that it is better the' Sabbatarians should enjoy their
unlucky triumph over common sense than that the town
should be given over to riot and disorder. One would have
thought that the experience of last year would haveledis-
fled even the more advanced of this party that the attempt
to impose the Edinburgh Sabbath upon London was not
likely to be crowned with very terearkable success, but the
feeling of disgust at the bigotry of the men who would in-
terfere with tha reasonable liberty and enjoyments of their
fellow-subjects will be increased a hundredfold by the con-
sequences of any riot, be they what they may.
Having sail thus much, we will venture to offer a few
words of the most serious and asarnest adyice to our fellow-4
subjects and fellow-townsmen. There must not be any
riot or disturbance in the parks or elsewhere to-morrow.
Every respectable person who may find hiinself at any of
these places must reckon himself as a special. constable •
there present to maintain, not to violate, order. There is
nothing the fanatical party so eagerly and intensely desire
as a violation of the peace, and in this hope they must not
be gratified. It will bo highly to the honour of the Lon-
doners if any thief or vagabond who endeavours to clause
confusion iu the parks to-morrow be instantly collared by
the bystanders and handed over tothe euatody of the po-
lice. Above all, there must be no attack upon the consta-
bles, who are there for the maintenance of orders, and
who must do their duty, at all events. We say again,
most emphatically, we trust the Londoners will not give -
to the bigots that triumph which they seek. The cause of
Exeter-hall must not for a moment be identified with the
cerise of law and order. It is not with stones or bludgeons
that this battle must be fought, but quite in another way,
The reason why the Exeter-ball Fakirs have triumphed is
that they have had organisation, where the people have
had none. This bas been the triumph of a theological
phalanx ' over a mob of laymen. As to the parks, the
Exeter-hall people signed, but didn't go ; the park people
went. but didn't sien. Which is the greatest proof of
eonviction ? The Exeter-hall people have a perfect erg's. -
nisation, always ready for any emergeaey: They have in
their own sense carried out Sir Robert Peel's direction—
" Register, register, register!" • What wonder that at any
given moment they clear the Parliamentary field before
them, and astonish their fellow-subjects with the spectacle
and results of their union and intolerande ?
This contest must be decided in a peaeefal way, or it
will be decided to the disadvantage of the-people: • There
is en additional reason why we earnestly deprecate riot or '
confusion to-morrow. Next week Parliament will be sit-
ting, and there will be an opportunity of putting ques-
tions to the Minister, which may, as we trust, lead to a
peaceful solution of the difficulty. This week, unfortu-
nately, there has been no possibility of dealing with the
question in this manner.. Now, we would have our follow:
townsmen consider how entirely they will strengthen the
bands of their enemie,lif they put it in their power to say
—" The public peace has been violated. ' Order must be
maintained. The populace out of doors must not bo suf-
fered to trample upon law and "authorityi or iSherel is the
end to be?" At the same time we will add, that it will
be the fault of the people if they do not carry thei point.
They must unite and petition, as their opponents have
united and petitioned, and then, no doubt, the authority
of the majority will prevail. We think we can promise
the aid of well nigh every respectable jourtiatin the king-
dom, if order be preserved—not otherwise. Let the people
do their part. as we will do ours, and we have little fear of
the result

( Front the ilforniity Herald of this day.)
We look forward with the deepest anxiety to the debate
which is to be expected in the House of Lords on Thura-

day iiext.
Lord Colchester has given notice of his intention to call
tho attention of the Upper House to the declaration of the
plenipotentiaries nEnerubled nt Paris relative to maritime
law—a declaration by which the naval supremacy of Eng-
lind has been abrogated, the law of nations, and there-
fore the law of this land, has been fundamentally altered ;

and by which the Queen in Council and the High Court of
Parliament have been reduced to a mere ceurt of registry
for enrolling the ukases of au ambassador and his masters,
whether in or out of England.
We shall not at present touch upon the point of the in-
formality of the document by which this change in our
laws was effected. It will be sufficient to say that in an
act of such paramount importance the authorities under
which the signing parties derived their power to bind
their respective nations shonld have been most solemnly
and formally set forth. We may add, that in the afore-
said declaration such rehearsal of authority is omitted ;
and, on the contrary, England's surrender of her unques-
tioneble belligerent rights to seize enemies' property where-
ever she could find it afloat, is conveyed away from her in
an instrument so informal that it is vitiated by its own
inherent defects.
Nor is it necessary for us to argue that the right of
search and wirer() has always been the law of England.
This none can deny. To quote again the words of Lord
Stowell :—" The right of search is clear in practice, which
is uniform and universal on the subject. The many Eu-
ropean treaties which refer to it refer to it as pre-existing,
and merely regnlate the exercise of it. All writers upon
the law of •isetions unanimously acknowledge it, without
the exception of Hubner himself, the great champion of
neutral privileges. In short, no man in the least conver-
sant wi h such subjects has ever, that I know ef, breathed
a den t upon it."
We have shown on former occasions that England has,
np to 1853, invariably maintained herself when at war by
the exercise of this right. In 1780, when (to use the
words of an eloquent writer) " she was solitary, abandoned
by the %dee(' eeeld • struggling with a fatal schism
amongst her own children ; opposed with diminished re-
sources to all the befeatest maritime powers of Europe, to
the continent of America. and almost to the continent of
ASia; without a single ally, and before her ancient vigour
bed stiono out, under the direction of her favourite ad-
mird, to the dismay of her opponents, nothing could be
more firm or consequently more honourable than the con-
duct of Great Britain."—(Ward " On Neutral Powers.")
She meintaine 1 this tight, and she broke the armed
neutrality which Russia had leagued against her. There
were men in England then ; the contrast now is too pain-
ful to dwell on.
We have also explained how, in 1800 and 1807, with
similar vigour and with similar success, she again resisted
the pretensions pet forth by Russie when the death of the
Emperor Paul ensued. For it was by an armed neutrality,
and as an armed neutral power, that in the time of the
Empress Catherine the Russian Cabinet wished to extort
the surrender of this right from England.
By the main as of the Emperor Peed Russia passed from
the state of neutral to that of belligerent, and thus was
expelled to the seizure of her goods. Russia, when at war,
had and has, no maritime means of maintaining her trade
—cud at that. period an English Cabinet could not be found
base enough to connive et it
acnodu could
public,h
Her geniis are heavy; they have to be transported 1,7
sea ; her sea coasts are not extensive ; her goods all pass
through narrew
Estvreariyts,mwahniichn
latufse,iwa, cruiserses
er-
Paaulshweascas
insedteicpea:l:lZta.lo.n foreign trade ; therefore as soon as Eng-
atrbarnignlVit
laed seized hererogfoordnsgtlhaen(Eunsipaetrorse
The to
bear on other states only by acting on their trade, 'lf she
is supreme at sea, other nations will not expose themselves
to her attack. We need scarcely refer to the last war with
France, to the activity of our CI uisers, to the rarity of the
engagements of great fleets, and to the life of the gallant
Cellingwood, and other admirals passed, se to speak, in
one long blockade. It has always been, therefore, by the
exercise of the right of seizing their goods that she has ex-
hausted their commerce and maintained her own. On so
obvious a point we need not further dwell.
The most important part of the question, however, as
well for the nation as for the House of Lords, is the con-
duct of Lord Clarendon in so binding this realm without
having had authority so to do.
He is now in the position of an agent who, having re-
ceived a general power of attorney to act for his employer
on a specific matter, makes use of that power to sign away
the heir-looms of an entailed estate. Clearly he is liable
to process from any one possessed of an interest.
"The common and fundamental law of nations," says
Lord Stowell, "is of necessity the fundamental law of
every nation. It is one of those laws which never required
the consent of princes for its establishment, and which no
congress of princes is competent ever to talon away."
There is no denying that Lord Clarendon has changed
and taken away the fundamental law of England, not only
without the consent but without the knowledge of the
great council of the nation. Any proceedings, therefore,
in Parliament which shall end without directly inculpating
him for so doing will be an absolute admission that an
English Ambassador in congress with the representatives
of other nations has autocratic power over the laws of
England, and boars rule over Queen, Lords, and Commons,
unquestioned and supreme.

" M. V oght, profegsor of theology at Geneva," says
the Nouvelliste Vaudois, "bas been sent for to accom•
pang, as naturalist, Prince Napoleon in his voyage to the
north."
EMIGRATION FROM THE NORTH OF SCOTLAND.—Tbe
spring fleet from the north of Scotland for Canada hay
taken out above 1,000 passengers to Canada this season.
;Host of them are agricultural labourers and small farm.
ers, whose friends, having gone out before, encourage
others to follow,