The Sun.
London, England, 1860-10-13 00:00:00

RAILWAYS.

Cash. Account.
Orleans 1371 25 .. 1372 50
Northern
New ditto — .. •
Lyons and Mediterranean 920 .. 918 75
Geneva 355 .. 357 50
Southern
Western
Eastern
Sardinian
Austrian
Lombard 486 25 .. 487 50

FRENCH' POLICY IN ITALY.
The following is a full translation of the article
in the Constitutionnel, of which a summary ap-
peared in The •fun of yesterday :
" The invasion of the Neapolitan territory by the Pied-
montese army is now an accomplished fact. Let us examine
with the most scrupulous impartiality the character and
bearing of this event.
" The sovereignty of States is the fundamentarguaran •
tee of the independence of peoples. That sovereignty exer-
cises itself in various ways. It nay reside in a dynasty
which transmits it, or in a nation which dele-
gates it. As long as it acts within itself—within
the circle in which it is circumscribed by inter -
national law, it belongs to itself ; it acts in per-
fect self-liberty, and under its own entire responsibility
before the opinion of the world from which one day the
conscience of history will be cleared.
" The principle of the independence of regularly consti-
tuted autonomies admits very well the political transfor-
mations of a people, the changes of a dynasty which are
accomplished by its will, and the internal revolutions to
which it is urged by its passions or interests. They are se
many manifestations of its sovereignty, which other States
could not contest without compromising their own. The
policy of non-intervention, which our epoch has held up as
the result of the progress of international right, is only the
consecration of those reciprocal guarantees.
" The application of those principles and those rules to
the facts which we wish to consider is a natural deduction.
If it suits the Neapolitans and Sicilians to make revolutions
at home, that concerns themselves alone; but no foreign
State, no more Piedmont than Austria, has the right to
meddle in their internal affairs, or to impose any conditions
whatever of a political existence by an armed intervention.
" There is a difference between the invasion of Garibaldi
and that of the Piedmontese army which might strike every
one. Garibaldi was only a partisan. Before embarking
for Sicily he had resigned his sword of command ; ho
obeyed what he considered his personal mission, and his
acts were only binding upon himself. If, it is true, that
among the volunteers enrolled in his enterprise there were
strangers, he came, nevertheless, in the name of Italy, as
an Italian, to create and direct internal revolution in the
States of the King of Naples. It was not with his bands
that he could conquer a people of 10 millions of men—he
could only communicate his own passion to it, and drag it
along with him by the prestige attached to his name in a
supreme struggle againat a Government struck by unpopu-
larity.
"The Piedmontese iuvasion bears quite another charac-
ter. It constitutes the direct interference of a regular State
in an independent State. It is, consequently, an attempt
struck against the sovereignty of the Kingdom of the Two
Sicilies by the King of Sardinia; and, as if everything
should be strange and abnormal in this situation, the Pied-
montese invasion took place without a declaration of war,
while the representative of the King of Naples was still at
Turin. But the conduct of Piedmont is not only in opposi-
tion to international law, it is, moreover, in contradiction
to all the principles which it has itself invoked, and which
it now disowns. In fact, when the Roman Government ap-
peared inclined to appeal to Neapolitan intervention to pro-
tect it against the menaces of a revolution, the Cabinet of
Turin did not hesitate to declare that it should consider the
entrance of the army of the King of Naples into the States
of the Church as a violation of its neutrality.
" Only recently it challenged the right of the Pope to
form a public force from foreign elements, and it is because
the Sovereign Pontiff refused to submit to a summons call.
ing him to dissolve that force that his States have been
invaded. By what strange inconsistency does Piedmont,
which maintained in so threatening a manner the principle
of neutrality against Governments that sought to protect
themselves, violate it now with this audacity against those
same Governments to upset them?
" There is more still ; when Count Cavour sought to
justify in his memorandum the invasion of the States of
the Church he distinctly declared that Piedmont wished to
prevent a revolutionary outbreak there, and that serious
step on her part was a sort of military coup-d'etat directed
principally against the influence of Garibaldi.
" Is Piedmont, then, now, by intervening in the Neapoli-
tan States, going to combat Garibaldi? Evidently not;
she is going to aid him. It is not at Naples, but at Gaeta,
the efforts of the Piedmontese army will be tried.
" Thus, in whatever point of view we take it, it is impos-
sible not to deplore the conduct of Piedmont. The invasion
of the States of the Church and that of the Neapolitan
States throw a responsibility upon her which it is in vain
to attenuate—it characterises itself, It is not for us to
exaggerate it or to lessen it. We have simply to state it.
"Piedmont is responsible to Europe for the initiative
she has just taken. Europe constitutes a jurisdiction
which finds itself naturally concerned by such great per-
turbations as those of which Italy is now the theatre. We
think that it appertains to her, and to her alone, to redress
the disregarded right, and to remind Governments who dis-
regard the law of the respect which is due to it, and which
is obligatory on every State, as it is founded on justice,
civilization, and the interests of peoples."

MAZZINI'S EXPULSION FROM

NAPLES.

The following is the answer of M. Mazzini to
the very courteous letter of banishment sent by
him to the new Pro-Dictator of Naples :

" I think I possess a generous mind, and it is
for that reason that I reply by a refusal to your
letter of the 3d, which I only read to-day in the
Opiqone Nazionale. If I only yielded to my first
impulse and to fatigue of mind, I should leave a
land which I encumber, and withdraw to one where
liberty of opinion is left to every one, where good
faith is not doubted, and where he who has
laboured and suffered for the country does not
think it his duty to say to the brother who has
done the same, Begone.' You give no other rea-
son for your proposition, except it be the affirma-
tion that, without wishing it, I cause division. I
will give you the reason of my refusal.
" I do so because I do not feel myself guilty,
nor cause danger for the country, nor conceive
projects which may be disastrous to it, and I
should appear to avow such to be the case by
yielding ; because, as an Italian in an Italian land
which has recovered liberty, I think I ought to
represent and support in my person the right
of every Italian to live in his own country
when he does not attack its laws, and the duty
of not yielding to an unmerited ostracism ; be-
cause, after having contributed to teach as
much as was in my power the people of Italy
to make great sacrifices, it appears to me
that it is time to raise them to a consciousness of
human dignity too often violated, and to the maxim
forgotten by those who style themselves preachers
of concord and moderation ; because no one founds
his own liberty without respecting that of others ;
because it would appear to me that, by voluntarily
exiling myself, I should be guilty of insult to my
country, which cannot, without dishonouring itself
in the eyes of Europe, render itself guilty of
tyranny ; to the King who cannot fear an indivi-
dual without admitting himself to be weak, and not
secure of the affection of his subjects, and to the
men of your party who cannot be excited at the
presence of a man declared by them to be alone and
abandoned, without contradicting themselves ; be-
cause the desire comes, not as you think from the
country which labours and combats under the flag
of Garibaldi, but from the Turin Ministry, towards
whom I have no debt, and whom I think fatal to the
unity of the country; it comes from intriguers with-
out conscience, without honour, and without na-
tional morality ; without creed except for the exist-
ing power whatever it may be, and whom I conse-
quently despise; it comes from the vulgar mass of
credulous men, who swear without examination by
the word of the Almighty, and whom I consequently
pity. Lastly, because on arriving I received a decla-
ration from the Dictator of this country that I was
free in the land of the free. The greatest sacrifice
I ever made was when, interrupting the apostolate
of my faith for the sake of unity and concord, 1
declared that I accepted monarchy, not out of
respect for ministers or monarchs, but for the
satisfaction of a blinded majority of the Italian
people • that I was ready to co-operate with the
monarchy, provided it founded the unity of the na-
tion, and that if I ever were to take up my old flag
again, I would honestly avow it, and publicly too,
to my old friends andtenemies. I therefore cannot
spontaneously make another sacrifice. If honest
men, as you say, believe in my word, it is their duty
to convince my adversaries that the path of intole-
rance which they pursue is the only' now existing
foment of anarchy. If they do not believe a man
who has been struggling for the liberty of the na-
tion for these thirty years, who has taught his
accusers to stammer out the name of unity, and
who never told a falsehood to any living being, let
it be so. The ingratitude of men is not a reason
why I should voluntarily bow before their injustice,
and sanction it.

" Naples, Oct. 6,1860."

" JOSEPH MAZZINI.

BANK OF FRAIVCE.

The following is the account of the Bank of
France for month ending Thursday, Oct. 11 :

DEBTOR..

F C.
Capital of the Bank
91,250,000 0

Ditto, New
Profits in addition to Capi-
tal (Art. 8, Law of June
9, 1857) 1,510,527 65
Reserve of the Bank

New Reserve
Reserve immobiliere
Notes in circulation.— 748,416,375 0
Bank-notes to order 7,558,847 15
Receipts payable at sight 11,772,837 0
Treasury account current
creditor
Sundry accounts current 179,875,792 15
Ditto with branch banks 33,394,183 0
Dividends payable. 984,183 75
Commission on deposits 3,038,365 60
Re-discounted the last six
months
Discount, interest, &c. 7,156,527 17
Sundries

Total 1,329,353,607 74

CREDITOR.

Cash in hand

Cash in the branch banks. 342,751,991 0
Commercial bills overdue. 3,087,227 72
Commercial bills dis-

counted, not yet due 237,998,603 86
Do. in the branch banks 281,974,095 0
Advanced on deposit of
bullion.
Do. by the branch banks 2,333,500 0
Do. on Fronchpublic seen-

rities
Do. by the branch banks 15,573,200 0
Do. on railway securities 48,494,200 0
Do. by the branch banks 31,542,650 0
Do.on Credit Foncier Scrip 624,200 0
Do. on branch banks Scrip 480,250 0
Do. to the State on ac,ree-
ment of June 30, 1848 35,000,000 0
Govern. stock reserved 12,980,750 14
Do. disposable
Hotel and furn. of Bank
Landed property of branch
banks 6,196,741 0
Expenses of management 488,516 72
Sundries

Fentes Immobilisees (law
of 9 Juno, 1857)

Total

WILLS AND BEQ UESTS.

Lady Smythe : The will of Lady Smythe was
proved in London on the sth inst. Her ladyship
was the widow of Sir Edward Joseph Smythe,
Bart., and the daughter of Sir Edward Bellew,
B4rt. Lady Smythe had executed her will on
the 16th of December, 1856, and a codicil in the
July following, and died on the 17th of August
last, at the age of 70. Probate was granted to her
brother, Richard Montesquieu Bellew, Esq., M.P.
for the county of Louth, one of the executors. Her
eldest son, Sir Charles Frederick Smythe, Bart.,
succeeded to the title and estates of his father, the
late baronet, and to whom she leaves some family
relics. To the rest of her children she leaves her
property to • be divided equally amongst them,
with the exception of a legacy to her brother, Lord
Bellew, and his children, and to one or two others
of the family. Her daughter Catherine is resi-
duary legatee, and was also appointed executrix,
but is not acting in that capacity.
The will of Donna Maria de Bettencourt Sanapaio,
widow, a Portuguese lady, has just been proved in
London. She was residing in the Island of Terceira,
where she died in November last, and was pos-
sessed of property in England, which_wa.sl.adminis-
tered to by her son-in-law, Georg
he Phi! 1p -Dart,
T
Esq., the sole acting executor. will is in the
'
Portuguese language, with an English translation.
She has disposed of her property according to the
laws and usage of Portugal, bequeathing to her
legitimate heirs—namely, her daughter and the
children of her two deceased daughters--two thirds
thereof, dividing the remaining portion amongst
her near relatives, and leaving legacies to her ser-
Tante.
Theare,
Addison, M.D., of Berkeley-
q u
physician
to
Guy's Hospital,
was admitted to probate on the 4th of this month,
Berkeley-
square, willl
te ofconsulting Thomas
and the personalty sworn under £30,000 by one of
the executors—namely, John Addison, Esq., of
Banks House, Cumberland, the testator's brother ;
power being reserved to Alfred Brooke Barnes,
Esq., surgeon, of King's-road, Chelsea, also an exe-
cutor. To his relict he has bequeathed his free-
hold estate and residence at Brighton, together with
the furniture, and has left her an annnity of £350
and his shares in the Indemnity Mutual Marine
Insurance Company ; and to her son and daughter
he has left an annuity of XlOO ; these annuities to
be free of legacy duty. The presentation of plate
made to him from various parties, both public and
private, he leaves to his said brother, to be held
by him as heirlooms in the family. He appoints
his said brother, John Addison, Esq., residuary le-
gatee of his estates, real and personal. The will
beers date September 28, 1855. and a codicil in
1858. He died at his residence, 15, Wellington-
villas, Brighton' on the 29th of June last. —/-110-5"
trate(' ,London News.

THE SHIPPING DISASTERS lIT THE BALTIC.

NORTH SHIELDS, FRIDAY NIGHT.

Intelligence of more fearful losses amongst Tyne
ships has come to hand. The Phido, Captain
Edward Wilson, of North Shields, was wrecked in
the Baltic. The captain, mate, and five of the
crew perished ; two seamen only survived. The
ship was struck by a heavy sea, which carried away
those who have perished, the men saved being at
the time in the cabin at tea. The cabin filled, and
the two men came on deck, when, to their dismay,
they observed that their companions had been
washed overboard. The captain and mate were
seen battling with the waves, and were spoken to,
but the men on deck were unable to render them
any assistance. The survivors were on the wreck
three days, when they were taken off by a vessel
and landed at Copenhagen. The vessel has not
since been heard of.

Down to this evening we have accounts of fifty
North Country seamen lost, and more vessels are
missing. A collier brig was observed to founder
sixty miles off Heligoland. The crew were lost.

It is now stated that the steamer which, accord.
ing to the account published in our impression of
yesterday, went down, near Thisted, with about
100 persons, was the Arctic, of Hull, whose loss we
have already reported. Of those on board the
Arctic, not more than eight, it is asserted, perished.
That number includes two ladies and a baby.