The Sun.
London, England, 1860-10-05 00:00:00

SPECIAL ASSURANCES.—PAYMENT OF
POLICY DURING LIFE upon occurrence of either of
the following events :

PARALYSIS,
INSANITY,
BLINDNESS,
ACCIDENT TOTALLY DISABLING.

The ENGLISH andIRISR CHURCH and UNIVERSITY
ASSURANCE SOCIETY give the above benefits in addition
to all others included in ordinary Policies, at a very trifling

increase of premium. £
, ..
s. d.
Annual payment at 30
35 ....... . -
- 40 -
- 45
_ . ..

... .
Thus, for example : A person 30 years of age next birthday
by paying £2 16s. per Annum. can secure the sum of £lOO to
his representatives at his death, with this advantage over an
ordinary Assurance, that in the event of his being totally dis-
abled at any period from following his usual vocation in con-
sequence of accident or through being afflicted with Blindness,
Paralysis, or Insanity, then. on the occurrence of such acci-
dent or c.;:amity, the £lOO shall become payable on medical
testimony of the fact being given.
Chief Office, 345, Strand, London.
JOHN SHERIDAN, Manager.

rr HE BUCKLEYS will Commence their Season
at the ST. JAMES'S HALL, Piccadilly, early in
OCTOBER.

*** Full particulars will be duly announced.

OPENING of the THEATRES for the WINTER
SEASON. —EVANS' magnificent Music and Supper
Rooms, Covent-garden.--Gentlemen visiting London will
find their evening enjoyment largely provided for at the
above establishment. The Dramatic Gallery alone worth a
visit. One hundred and eighty Portraits, the greater num-
ber first-class in art, and original Paintings. Commencing
at Eight o'clock. Suppers after the Theatres.

DR. KAHN'S MUSEUM, opposite the Hay-
market, OPEN DAILY from 12 to 5, and from 7 to 10.
POPULA it LECTURES at 3 and S. Admission, ls.
Dr. KAHN'S "TREATISE on the PHILOSOPHY of
MARRIAGE" sent post free for thirteen stamps from the
Author.—Address 17, Harley-street, Cavendish-square, W.

ARGYLL ROOMS, Windmill-street, Piccadilly
RE-OPENED for the WINTER SEASON for PRO-
MENADE CONCERTS, with the following powerful cast,
consisting of selections from Il Troyatore, Martha, Lurline,
Huguenots, L'Etoile du Nord, &c. Dancing at Ten o'clock.
The Original Band, established ten years. Conducted by M.
LAMOTTE. Admission, ls.

THE NATIONAL ASSEMBLY ROOMS,
HIGH HOLBORN.—The above popular and splen-
didly-appointed BALL ROOM, with its various elegant re-
freshment rooms, is NOW OPEN for the Season. The re-
cent elaborate decorations and improvements have rendered
this the most fashionable and popular rendezvous of the
metropolis. Mr. W. M. Packer's celebrated Band performs
nightly selections from favourite operas and the latest and
most fashionable waltzes, &c. Doors open at eight o'clock.
Admission, ls.

ANEVER FAILING REMEDY.-
Dr. SCOTT'S BILIOUS and LIVER PILLS, pre-
pared without any mercurial ingredient, from the recipe of Dr.
Scott, of Bromley, Kent, are a sure remedy for affections of the
liver, indigestion, bile, sick headache, giddiness, loss of appe-
tite, lowness of spirits, &c. They 'can be taken at any time,
without any danger from wet or cold, act mildly on the bowels,
without pain or griping, clear the skin, remove sallowness
And pimples, purify the blood, brace the nerves, and invigo-
utte the whole system. Sold by most druggists, in boxes,
lid. and 2s. 9d. each. B 2 sure to ask for Dr. Scott's
Bilious and Liver Pills. The genuine are a square green
package, with " William Lambert, 20, Jermyn-street," en-
graved on the Government stamp.

THE BRITISH EXPEDITION TO CHINA.

(From the Special Correspondent of the Times.) li
TA-LIEN-WHAN BAY, JULY 20.
In a few days the allied expedition will sail for
the Peiho and attack the Taku forts. Before hostili-
ties commence, it will be well to take a rapid survey
of the causes which led to the present war, and of
the real policy of the Chinese Court.
It is now 10 years since the Emperor Hienfung
assumed the rule over 400,000,000 men. De-
scended from a powerful race, to which China is
indebted for two centuries of stable eovernmant
has been his misfortune to fall on a revolutionary
era. The child of a long-lived dynasty, debauchery '
and dissipation have rendered him prematurely old, I
and his life is already flickering in the socket. Ten
years ago and no banner but his own waved on the
walls of a fortified city from the banks of the
Amoor to those of the Irrawaddy—from the shores
of the Pacific to the foot of the Himalayas ; ten
years ago and his empire was safe from internal
commotion, free from external war; and now his
northern frontier is receding before a powerful and
aggressive neighbour. His fairest provinces are in
the hands of rebels. His capital is threatened by
the arms of England and France, against whom he
is preparing a hopeless resistance. In such mis-
fortunes has he become involved through a blind
and imbecile policy which has neglected every
favourable opportunity and spurned all friendly
advice.

No sooner had Hienfung ascended the throne
than he determined on resisting all innovation, and
thought only of restoring the old regime in all its
force and rigour. His favourite adviser was an old
councillor, who adjured him by the shades of his
fathers to impose all along the coast the same re-
strictions on foreign intercourse as then existed at
Canton, and to prepare for hostile and coercive
measures. Well has he followed this advice, each
succeeding year having afforded fresh proof of his
uncompromising hostility to the barbarians.
In the summer of 1850 her Majesty's ship Rey-
nard was despatched to the mouth of the Peiho
with a letter from her Majesty's Government.
Here was an opportunity of dispelling at once and
for ever any doubt as to the character of his foreign
policy. " Foreigners," says the Emperor in a de-
cree then published,—
" Are under obligations to be grateful for our generosity
and to live in peace and quiet among us. But their recent
proceedings at Tien-tsin, in impudently forwarding de-
spatches direct to the Minister of State, can be looked upon
only as contumacious and insulting in the extreme. We
have accordingly given our demands that no reply be
handed them, but that those documents be passed over in
perfect silence as if they were of no consequence whatever.
Now, as our code of ceremonies has ordained that the offi-
cials of the empire shall have no intercourse with fo-
reigners, we accordingly require that our Ministers of State
return no reply to the said foreigners, lest by so doing they
give the slightest encouragement to their insolent arro-
gance. But, whereas Seu-Kwangtsing, our viceroy at Can-
ton, has hitherto conducted our affairs there in a very
trusty manner, and has shown himself thoroughly ac-
quainted with the diabolical schemes and manoeuvres of
foreigners, and seeing, moreover, that Canton is the first
province reached by foreigners, we appoint that all such
matters be hereafter referred to Seu-Kwangtsing. This
we publish as the invariable and unalterable law of the Em-
pire."

Foremost among the liberal statesmen of China
stood Keying. He had the courage to propose a
liberal policy, and the fidelity to inform his master
of the truth, however unpalatable. He was the
first victim to imperial wrath. "As for Keying,"
says the decree which degraded him,—
His unpatriotic and pusillanimous conduct is to us a
matter of unmixed astonishment. When ho was at Can •
ton, for instance, he seemed only anxious to make our
people subserve the interest of foreigners, all the while over-
loo!ting the claims of his native country. Is not this evi-
dent from his proposal to throw open the gates of that city,
whereby he violated the principles of Heaven, outraged the
feelings of men, and all but introduced a series of innova-
tions the result of which it is beyond human power to
divine? Recently, during a private interview, Keying
spoke to us freely of the English—how much they were to
be dreaded, and strongly urged on us the necessity of a mild
and conciliating policy. He supposed that we were not
aware that his knavish object was merely to secure rank
and emolument to himself. Oh, how fallen and degraded
is he ! The more he speaks the more do we discover this,
so that at last we have the same contempt for him that we
have for a wild yelping cur."
Soon after Keying's degradation the conduct of
the 'officials along the seaboard gave ample evidence
that a reactionararlicy had been inaugurated.
However, the on eak of the rebellion afforded
employment sufficient to the Imperial troops. At
length, in 1854, the Americans tendered their aid
in suppressing the insurrection. Iliang, the Vice-
roy, thus reports to the Emperor his interview
with the American Minister, Mr. M'Lane :--
" He subsequently handed in a communication in very
obsequious phraseology, On the whole, it differed nothing