The Sun.
London, England, 1869-02-13 00:00:00

THE ALABAMA CLAIMS.

The treaty concluded between Lord Clarendon and Mr.
Reverdy Johnson is still the great topic of discussion in
the United States. The New York Round Tob'e publishes
an article which differs greatly from those of
most of its American contemporaries in "considering
the treaty a triumph for the United States. It urges
that the acceptance of arbitration is in itself a recognition
of the justice of the claims, because in the first instance
England refused conference or arbitration. The umpire
provision, which is objected to on both sides the Atlantic,
is the only *leans of supplying a defect of inter-
national law. Finally, it is impossible that
English claims against America should be of
such a kind as to outweigh American claims
against England. The damage done to American shipping
by the Alabama and other ships is calculated at one
thousand million dollars ! One-fifth of this sum would
pay off the American debt in forty years. The Round
Table urges the American people to accept the friendly
advances on the other side of the Atlantic. So do we ; but
we hope that the Round Table's estimate of the damage I,
not auite correct.

(From the Anglo-American Times.)

Last Wednesday Congress met in joint assembly
to count the Presidential electoral votes. By the
twelfth amendment to the Constitution, the certi-
ficates of the electors' votes in each State are trans-
mitted to the President of the Senate at Washing-
ton, and on the second Wednesday in February
they are opened and counted by him in the pre-
sence of the Senators and Representatives. A ma-
jority of the whole number of electors is necessary
for a choice, and should there be many scattering
votes by which there was a failure in any one can-
didate to secure that majority, the Representa-
tives select the President from the three having
the highest vote. One would suppose it was
plain sailing last Wednesday, as Grant car-
ried nearly all the States; but where But-
ler comes on the stage a row is the usual
consequence. The House voted to exclude Georgia,
but the Senate voted to admit that State. An ex-
cited scene ensued, says the Times' correspondent,
General Butler and the Hon. Ben. Wade being
conspicuous in the confusion. It was a mere ques-
tion of principle whether Georgia was to be counted
or not, for either way it had no effect whatever on
the business in hand. It was Mr. Wade's duty to

count the votes and to announce the decision, and

thus perhaps he became conspicuous. As to Butler,
we may be quite certain that he was the prime
mover of the distgrbance. Mr. Wade seems to
have settled the dispute by declaring Grant and
Colfax elected, with Georgia included, and then
declaring Grant and Colfax elected, with Georgia
excluded.

The Secretary of the Treasury has made his
usual monthly statement of the public debt of the
United States, which shows that its total amount
on the Ist of February was $2,662,400,000, being
an increase of $9,800,000 during the month. Ano-
ther telegram, however, puts the figures at
$2,662,250,000, against $2,652,500,000 on the Ist
ult., being an increase of $9,750,000. The cash
in the Treasury amounted to $106,250,000—viz ,
$88,750,000 in coin and $17,500,000 currency,
against $111,750,000 last month, being a decrease
of $5,500,000. The Government expenditure dur-
ing the month of January was in excess of the re-
ceipts $16,000,000, but the sender of the telegram
does not state that the whole month was devoted
to the enormous payments required to meet much
of the interest due on the national debt.

The Copper Tariff Bill, which has now passed both
Houses of Congress, and is before the President,
as introduced, provided the following increase of
duties :

Regulus: black and coarse Present duty. New duty.
copper ... nc. per lb. 4c. per lb.
Old copper... per lb. 4c. per lb.
Copper in plates, pigs, &c. 2c. per lb. sc. per lb.
Copper in ore per lb. 3c. per lb.
On copper ore the effect of this increase is to add $5O
40c. in gold duty upon the ton of 2,2401 b.
But we are not aware what modifications were
made by the Senate when they sent it back to the
House. The battle was between the Lake Supe-
rior miners and the Atlantic shore smelters of the
metal. The former quarry and extract pure copper
from quartz ; the latter smelt the eulphuret ores of
the United States, which they are compelled to mix
with carbonate ores imported from South America,
on which latter the increased imposts will be levied.
The annual consumption is 24,000,0001b5., of which
Lake Superior supplies 9,000,000 and the smelters
15,000,000. The latter, then, is the greater inte-
rest, not only more cheaply producing the ore (for
the smelters thrive while the miners starve), but
their industry adds to the revenue. Htsce arises
the question whether it is wise, even from a protec-
tion point of view, to sacrifice the more important
native industry to the less important. The result
will be that ships at least will get their bottoms
sheathed in foreign ports, and one source of de-
mand will be got rid of.

The telegraph is now occupying much attention
both in England and the United States. We do
not doubt that the French line will receive permis-
sion to land their shore end in the United States as
they proposed, though Mr. Reuter's name is one of
the worst to be attached to any petition to the
Federal Legislature. A bill has been reported, and
the Committee on Foreign Relations discharged
from further consideration of bills upon submarine
cables. The provisions of that bill appear to settle all
doubt, and the line will be immediately laid. That
to India by the Red Sea is likewise progressing,
the British Indian Submarine Telegraph Company
having given an order to the Telegraph Con-
struction and Maintenance Company to proceed'
with the manufacture of their cable from Suez to
Bombay, via Aden. The length, 3,600 nautical
miles, is to be sumerged during the next cold
season, and the work will be taken in hand im-
mediately on the completion of the Franco-Ameri-
can cable, which is of exactly the same length. In
the United States a warm discussion has been car-
ried on relating to the transfer of the telegraph
from private companies to the Government, and
that discussion has been fatal to any such change.
Mr. George B. Prescott, one of the district super-
intendents, has given much information in a book
and in some articles he has written. He shows
the enormous growth of the agency in the United
States, and how cheaply and efficiently the work is
done. This comes out very forcibly in a compari-
son between the Republic and the countries of
Europe. Indeed it contrasts favourably with any-
thing else done in the United States or anywhere
else, and there is a good old proverb upon which
the public feel induced to act—" to leave well alone."
Governor Brownlow resigns on the 26th Feb.
his Governorship of Tennessee, so as to be in his
place in the Senate on the 4th March, as Mr. Pat-
terson's successor. The lion. De Witt Senter,
the Speaker of the Tennessee Senate, will succeed
Mr. Brownlow as Governor for the unexpired term.
Mr. Senter has been for many years in public life
in Tennessee, is a man of good ability, and if he
turns out well he may be re-elected next August,
though Colonel Stokes is talked of as the Repub-
lican candidate. Andrew Johnson will, it is
thought, certainly run as the Democratic standard-
bearer, and he is expected to arrive at Nashville

about the end of March. His platform, according
to a Nashville correspondent, is universal amnesty
and impartial suffrage, and his ultimate aim the
seat in the Senate in succession to Mr. Fowler,
whose place will be vacant in 1871.
The bill introduced by Senator Yates for abo-
lishing the probationary feature, which, in the
Naturalization Act, stands between an immigrant
and his right as a man when he gets ashore in the
States, shows the length to which some legislators
of the United States are prepared to go. Each State
now has its own laws for regulating the rights of the
foreign born to claim its citizenship, as well as to
vote as an American. These Senator Yates would
abolish by an Act of the Federal Legislature. Ile
thus explains in a letter to a friend the principle of
his bill—" That the probationary feature of the
present law was born of fear, and the false idea that
the measure of men's rights is a certain standard of
intelligence, that we must arrogate to ourselves
certain pecaliar privileges on account of birth. I
am opposed to all such ideas. Manhood is the magic
word which opens the door to all progress, all ex-
cellence, all privileges." He then goes on to meet
the emigrant with the following address :--
" You have Coandoned the home of your youth, the
graves of your sires, the associations of a lifetime, to join
the grand army of this progressive Government. Wel-
come ! The same Creator who gave us this fair land sent
you, though a Hale later than our fathers came, to the
Western wilderness, to join us in the great march to
glory and renown."
Remarking on this gushing salutation the Nation
says—" Most emigrants, on hearing this discourse,
would either button up their pockets or make pre-
parations to join the Senator on a spree. It has no
more bearing on the " probationary feature" than
on the resumption of specie payments. Such an
address would do no more to prepare the emigrant '
for his new duties and responsibilities than an invi-
tation from the quarantine officer " to meet him by
moolight alone," or " come to his bosom" in the
character of a " stricken deer." The whole per-
formance deserves attention, we repeat, as an illus-
tration of the state of mind in which many of our
legislators approach some of the most serious ques-
tions of the day."
Whatever.may be tbevalue of the proposed change
in the naturalization laws, it is certain that unless
measures are taken to check the growing frauds in
voting, that the genuine sentiment of the country
will be defeated by that party which produces the
most skilful wire pullers and is least checked by any
scruples. From evidence given before a Pennsyl-
vania Legislative Committee it appears from one
witness who spoke, as if claiming praise for a day's
work, so energetic, that he voted 20 times between 8
a.m. and 5.30 p.m. He was followed by another, whose
exploit was as great. Eliott also contrived to cast a
score, while Rowan only managed to throw ten ; but
the latter was one of ten voters who meandered
about all day, voting the ticket for which they were
paid. As fast as they arrived each was served with
a slip of paper, whereon was written his name, resi-
dence, and occupation ; everywhere in due course be
found a new slip with a fresh name, residence, and
occupation. One paper suggests how the repeaters
could add greatly to their utility by the simple ex-
pedient of learning to get over the ground quickly
on velocipedes.
After Mr. Washburne's speech we last week con-
densed against the indiscrimate railway grants of
Congress, it is not surprising to find the Senate,
though with two votes only, throwing out the grant
of $2,400,000 to the Central Pacific. A strong
effort was made by the lobby to get the bill through,
but it failed, though we suppose it will soon reap-
pear in a new form.
The Alaska business seems to have satisfied the
citizens of the Republic that other means must be
found for increasing " the area of freedom" than by
wrenching from the country the gold it can so ill
spare. Mr. Seward has distinctly denied that there
are any negotiations going on for the purchase of
Cuba, though he admits that six or eight months
ago overtures had been made at Madrid, through
the American Minister, to purchase the island. A
party of the revolutionary officers have landed in
the States to buy arms and ammunition, and no
doubt the Government at Washington is in posses-
sion of all they can tell, and this has left the im-

pression that the insurrection will be successful, in
which event Cuba will apply to the Union for ad-
mission as a State. But, successful or not, the people
have emphatically condemned these purchases as
not only a waste of money, but derogatory to the
dignity of the Union ; in fact, the Republic ought
to be paid for taking these wretched communities
under its protection instead of paying to add them
to its territory. The claim to the island of Alta
Vela has been thoroughly investigated, and will soon
be pronounced upon.

Mr. Washburne of Illinois came out strongly in

the 1-louse on Jan. 27th on its expenses. He be-
lieved that the constituents of members if fully
acquainted with their extravagance would run the
whole lot of them into the Potomac. He would

tell them what the expenses of the House were—
Capitol police, $65,000 ; clerks, $BO,OOO ; Ser-
geant-at-Arms, $6,000 ; post-office, $20,000 ;
labourers, $16,000 ; folding-room, $60,000 ; door-
keepers, $44,000 ; Clerks to Committee, $36,000 ;
pages, $B,OOO ; total, $335,000. Referring to other
items for the Capitol police, Mr. Washburne said
there had been a howl got up last session that
Andrew Johnson was about to take possession of the
Capitol. He was called to order for charging mem-
bers with howling, when he went on to assert that
the House had then armed a little brigade of police
which cost $65,000 a year, making up $335,000
annually, to keep up the machinery of the House
of Representatives.

There are three American steam lines in contem-
plation to be established between New York and
Europe. Mr. Bushnell of Connecticut represents
those interested in the bill passed last session, and
he was lately at Washington to give evidence to
the Postal Committee. He then explained what
additional legislation the company required before
they could complete their steamers and get them
into operation. The President of another com-
pany was also before the Committee with a bill for
the establishment of that line, which, it is said, has
been favourably received, though none, we feel sure,
will pass without close investigation. The first of the
three propositions now before the Committee was
presented by Mr. Darby, of Boston, who represents
the merchants of that city. He desires a subsidy
of 3 per mile to establish a line to run alternately
from New York and Boston to European ports.
He claims that they have a portion of the ships
necessary to establish the line at once. The second
was presented by General Rufus Ingalls and Gene-
ral Pleasonton. They desire a guarantee of the
interest and principal on the bonds they ask for.
They also desire entire control of the emigrant
business, and that it be placed under their jurisdic-
tion—nothing to be paid, however, on the bonds
until the ships are constructed. The third proposi-
tion was presented by Mr. Barney, claiming to be
the representative of a proposed line which has
already a contract with the Belgian Government
for carrying the mails to the United States. His re-
quest is for a similar contract for ten years from the
Government to carry the ocean mail, and claims to be
ready to commence the service in two months with
such steamers as the Arago and Fulton. He asks
that the material for building new ships for the
line be admitted duty free.

The San Francisco journals have taken up the
subject, about which we lately wrote, of a line of
steamships to Australia, via the Sandwich Islands.
They maintain with us that it is the true route, assert-
ing that passengers from the Atlantic coast will be
able to reach Sydney on the completion of the
Pacific Railway, and the establishment of such a fleet,
under a month. If so, as they can get to New
York from London in ten days; the time to Sydney
from the metropolis will be but forty days. The
Athericen trade with the Sandwich Islands now
employs over a thousand vessels, and is rapidly in-
creasing in the one item of sugar alone the im-
port for 1868 was 20,000,0001b5. The Australian
trade employs 1,100 vessels, and both combined
for the last fifteen years represent a sum of
$38,000,000. The Feejee Islands will soon fur-
nish a considerable exchange of commodities with
Australia, and a line that picked up the trade of
both the Sandwich and Feejee Islands, as well as
the through route, could scarcely fail to do well, as,

we endeavoured a year ago to point out to the
Panama and New Zealand Company.

It was last week announced that the stock-
holders of the Columbus, Chicago, and Indiana
Central Railway Company had refused to ratify a
lease of their road and property to the Erie com-
bination. It now appears that the Pennsylvania
Central has beaten the Erie in this particular, as,
on the 29th Jan., the stockholders agreed to a
lease of their road being granted in perpetuity to
the Pittsburg, Cincinnati, and St. Louis and the
Pennsylvania Railroad Companies. It is evident
that the great lines are girding up their loins for a
tremendous struggle to absorb the lion's share of
the traffic over the Union Pacific Railway. The
English shareholders as yet have little idea what 3
grand future is before these lines ; honest ma-
nagement only being required to place them among
the best investments open.
Although we dare say that Congress will even-
tually grant a pension to Mrs. Lincoln, yet the
report of the Committee on Pensions, to which the
resolution was referred, is unfavourable and against
it. It is opposed to the letter and spirit of any
existing law, and the committee state that no evi-
dence or reasons have been furnished why the pro-
vision should be made. If the intention be to pro-
vide for the lady, under the guise of a pension, it
should have been referred to another committee.
That on pensions had not thought it compatible for
years to recommend special pensions, or of greater
amount than allowed by law. Had the Committee
considered that amount too small, their course was to
report a bill affecting all similar cases, but for a spe"
cial increase on account of extraordinary military
or naval services the proper reference would be to
the military or naval committee. Although they
reported against the general resolution, they
leaving the amount blank, as they have no authority
brought forward a bill granting a pension, while
for going beyond $3O a month. Mrs. Lincoln wrote
a letter, which was read in the Senate and has been
published in the papers, asking for the pension, as
necessary to enable her to live, but this is consi-
dered to have been ill advised and prejudicial to
her case.

It frequently happens. in the United States that
some family falls into a great estate in Europe, but
it more frequently still happens that a United
States family pursue vigorously a Will-o'-the-WisP
estate to Europe. The Ingrahams lately made 3
claim in the city of Leeds, valuing the estate they
were after at £20,000,000. The heirs of Nicholas
Albertson, who lately assembled at St. Charles's
Hotal, Pittsburg, were not in pursuit of so big a fish,
but still the estate they claim in the city of Amsterdaalt
Holland, now in the hands of that Government, is
valued $50,000,000. Can we wonder that the pro-
ceedings of the twenty heirs assembled were ener;
getic and harmonious. Colonel Wm. B. Okison,
Pennsylvania, was selected as an agent to look after
the property. Two thousand dollars was raised,
with the promise of more, to defray his expenses'
all to be ready by the Ist of February—to be lodge'
in the Exchange Bank of Pittsburg, subject t°
order. Nicholas Albertson landed in America iu
1730, and the family trace their origin to lit°
They are sanguine of success, and their agent S'
to prepare at once to start for Europe.

COURSE OF EXCHANGE—Last Evening.

Amsterdam Short ... 11191 ... 12 1
Do
Rotterdam — ... 12 1 . 121 11
Autwerp — ... 25 35 ..... 25 40
Brussels ' ... 25 35 ... 25 40
Hamburgh — ... 13 10 ... 13 10i
Paris
Ditto
Marseilles
Frankfort-on-the-Main ... 120
1201-,:
Vienna ."
... 12 27 ... 'l2 .321,
Trieste — ... 12 27 ... 12 321
Petersburg
Copenhagen., ..... -- , 9 20
.•• 9 24
Berlin
Madrid..
Cadi7 — ... 481: ... 48k
Leghorn
Milan — ... 26 35 ... 26 45.
Genoa — ... 26 35 „. 26 45
Naples
Palermo — ." 26 35 ... 26 43
Messina
Lisbon — ... 521
... 52
Oporto s2_t
... ... 521
Rio Janeiro
New York — - - __ --

The Transcript, Nevada county, Dec. 3, says
" Some time ago a company of Chinese bought „a
mine at Manzanita-bill, Sweetland, and commove'
work. The " Melican" Miners had been runnliT,
',
for the lead on the west side and south end of the
hill. The Chinamen made average runs, taking „It
about $3,000 at each clean up, and started in on t'
east side near Wood's hotel. A short time sil:l6a
0.
they struck the true lead, and have since been taking
out from $12,000 to $14,000." November 300:6';
A correspondent, writing from White Pine, says-
" The mill of the White Pine M. and M. Compnl3.l
erected at this place by Jeremiah Miller, commove%
operations about ten days ago, since which time la
has been running with great success, cril,bjr,
small lots of ore, mostly from Chloride Flat. Vfc'.od
t
out knowing exactly what these ores have yieA";s
in every instance it may he stated that they 115,
milled from $250 to $3OO per ton, the results beles
highly satisfactory to the miners. The Oasis 1131 cit
at Shermantown is running again on the Eberhard
ores, having lately completed a considerable crush-
ingt.
from the Stonewall claim on Chloride Fl,O
The ores from this claim yielded from $3OO to $4,10
per ton, the Eberhardt averaging about $BOO. th
Treasure Hill mill, being erected about a mile sou„
of this town, is now being pushed rapidly forward t°
wards completion, and it is expected will be runnle.l;
before Christmas. The machinery for anothei,
mill to be put up at Shermantown has Psrtblo
arrived, that for one or two others being on t,,
way. Still additional mills are talked of ar
to be brought into the district during the wivitie ;
and it would not be surprising if we had hait'v.,
dozen or more running here by the spring..
Greely, the assayer to the White Pine Mill a'o,
Mining Company, to-day cast four silver ing°t 1.0
weighing 1,236 ounces each, being the first bath
ever produced in Hamilton. They are fr°fia
amalgam turned out by the company's mill, 9-0,
are the product of miscellaneous lots of °l'd,
With the present favourable weather a goo
deal deal of work is being done upon the nine
The Eberhardt Company, having completed the;..
ore-house and new hoisting shaft, are again 1.31,0
ing ore from their mine. The Keystone is aTs
yielding ores freely, while from various otbol;
such as the Hidden Treasure, the two Aurort;
Genesee, Stonewall, &c., considerable quantitlis
are being taken out daily. Great activity preva%
on Chloride Flat, two-thirds of those sinking shaf!'ll
in that locality having found good millable, and
many cases very high grade, ore.
LADVERTISEMENT.I—HoIIoway's Ointment and -.-,-„at
Conclusive Evidence.—Scarcely a day passes w"'"-of
leaving behind it some plods of the curative poweriadi
Holloway's world-esteemed ointment and pills. A, .`„h,
writes from New 011erton, Notts, on the 7th Dian
1864 :—" I beg leave to state that a few weeks ago 1 la
the misfortune to bruise my leg most severely. 1° riot
great surprise and inexpressible delight your won se,
remedies were no sooner applied than they gave ° jo-
stopped inflammation, and made a perfect cure in an•g,
credibly short time." Testimonies such as the foregelopo
which might be multiplied to any extent, should eeu,sara
the afflicted, and give hope to the despairing, when w -
out by maladies which seem unrelievable.

Births. the
FREMANTLE —On the 11th inst., at 5, Tilney-street, do,
wife of Lieut.-Colonel Fremantle, Coldstream OLIO
of a daughter, stillborn.
GODFREY —On the Bth inst., at 29, Spital-square, "-'
gate, Mr. Valentine Godfrey,l3j9
aged 43.
,fitirt
aL
RUSSELL—On the 12th inst., at 26, Curzon-street, ki -
the Lady Charlotte Russell, of a son.

Marriages. G.
MANLEY—DARTON—On the 9th inst., at SheernoSs7
N. Manley, Esq., V.G., Royal Artillery, to Maria -",, of
both, eldest daughter of the late T. H. DilrtoD7 Es`o
Temple Dinsley, Hertfordshire. , Pie',
WALTON—GORDON- -On the Bth inst., at St. James 511,0d0
cadilly, Oriel Parnell Walton, eldest son of Thos. iciest
Walton, Esq., of Clifton, to Katharine Augusta, el
daughter of Lord and Lady Cocil Gordon.

eahs.
~'t
CASSELS - On the 6th inst.D,
at t
Oporto, John Cass°''',' Sq
aged 56.
par aoo
Goss—On the 10th inst., at Clapham_ k, JAW°
Esq., aged 75.
Will'
GODWIN—On the 9th inst., at Peckham, Thomas- ci. uj
Esq., of the Stock Exchange, aged 86. , lief
b
ll -
HUNT—On the 9th inst., at Bessboro 01-gardens, gill'
:John Hunt, aged 91. , n (3' •
SMITH—On the 11th inst., at The Warren, lios'ol°-1
Smith, Esq., aged 80. i" 115,
WING --On the 10th inst., at Greenwich, Captain'
age' 85.
_OOl

____—:--------- 0
i.,Bv;r,_
London : Printed and Pabliebecl by WILLIA.g AND :. l' I;
of No. 112, Stranii, printer. ~,,,t -: F, lc SUN 011 el• 'of
12.
Strand, in the Precinct of the Savoy, in the County
Iliddlesax.—Saturday, February 13, 18t$.