The Sun.
London, England, 1860-11-05 00:00:00

THE SUN, LONDON, MONDAY EVENING, NOVEMBER 5, 1860.

reached a total, as we have seen, of 86,423,
whereas the former reached a total of not less than
104,339! So that, as the Registrar-General calcu-
lates, for every six deaths in the preceding summer
there have been only five in the one which has
just passed—the rate of mortality being smaller
in lieu of the average mortality of the season, an
average estimated at—a score in every thousand !
To what is this diminished and diminishing mor-
tality attributable ? Is it not by this time suffi-
ciently obvious ? Particularly when it is borne in
mind that the reduction in the number of deaths
is not only observable in the town districts and
country districts alike, but is even chiefly noticeable
in the town districts, where it might least be
looked for according to ordinary calculations.
Viewed by the generality, this last summer would
probably be put down upon record, almost nem.
con., as a season of remarkably bad weather. Yet
the bad weather turns out to have been particu-
larly salubrious ! The salubrity of the season being
chiefly attributable, as the Registrar-General in-
forms us in his report, "to two circumstances ; the
reduced temperature of summer, and the abundant
supply of water by rain. The low temperature re-
tarded the putrefaction of the town impurities ; and
the water washed them away ; so thatboth the forces
acting in the same direction, gave a great result."
Corroborative evidence comes accordingly from all
directions in support of these conclusions. From
Lancashire, for example, where the old-fashioned
system of middens still prevails, where the dirt is
consequently not washed away by the rain, as in
the sewers, and where it is therefore not very sur-
prising to note that the mortality is less than in
any other county in the:kingdom. From Fiskertoz,
again, in Lincolnshire, where diphtheria has been
very prevalent, killing no less than eleven people,
and where (we read this without much surprise
after the last-mentioned particulars), the drainage
of the parish is described as singularly defective,
" there being dikes close to some of the houses,
containing water, &c., in a putrid and stinking
state, without any fall to pass it away." Hav-
ing read which instructive memorandum, note the
the one immediately following —" It was reported
to the board of guardians by the registrar, the de-
fects of drainage were remedied, and there has been
no fresh case during the last month :" the report
adding sententiously and significantly, " the dis-
trict is healthy"—and then say whether or not
there is reason for the Registrar-General's previous
remark—" Diptherialhas prevailed in parts of Lin-
colnshire, the inhabitants of which will do well to
study the experience of Fiskerton." When we
read in another part of these last published Quar-
terly Returns that in the parish of Knebworth, in
Hertfordshire, with a population of only 200, twelve
children recently died of diptheria, while several
others still suffer from it—we may not unreasonably
conclude that a change for the better might quite
as readily and successfully as at Fiskerton, in Lan-
cashire, be effected by similar means in; the parish
of Knebworth, in Hertfordshire.

The salubrious influence of the apparently bad
weather prevailing during the summer quarter of
1860 is all the more surprising and satisfactory
when it is remembered how unusually high during
those thirteen weeks have been the prices of provi-
sions. Inscmuch has this been the case that
"taking the corresponding weeks of 1859 as the
starting point," says the Quarterly Report of the
Registrar• General, " the price of wheat rose 34
per cent., beef 7 per cent, mutton 11 per cent.,
potatoes 59 per cet. The average prices during
the 13 weeks being, wheat 595. ld. a quarter; beef
std., mutton 61d. a pound by the carcase in
the Leadenhall and Newgate markets ; York
Regent potatoes, 1355. at waterside market, South-
wark." Happily as a counterbalance in some mea-
sure to which general rise in :the price of provision
—the great masses of the workmen during this last
quarter have 'found more than usual facilities for
obtaining employment. Another welcome fact-
brought to light by this Report—and only one
other—we will here particularise in conclusion—
that is, a comparatively small, but still (though
small) appreciable decline in the aggregate
amount of pauperism. The average number of
those in receipt of relief during the quarter here
analysed being 679,360—the average number in
the corresponding thirteen weeks of the previous
twelvemorth showing 14,089 additional, the aggre-
gate Iv-Amber then (in 1859) having been estimated
at t)-Le sum total of 783,449. Still, even subtracting
ti-40se fourteen thousand from the gran' total, what
a terrible army 769,000 strong, or rather weak to:the
verge of decrepitude and dissolution, for the exer-
cise of its relief of the benignant energies of W. D.
B.'s humanely projected association of Bienvoil-
lance.

LATEST NEWR:

(REITTER'S TELEGRAMS.)

DEFEAT OF THE BOURBON ARMY.
(orificiAL.)

NAPLES, Nov. 3.

The Piedmontese army, under the command of
King Victor Emmanuel, has gained a brilliant vic-
tory on the other side of the Garigliano. The
Bourbon army attacked in front with great spirit
by the troops, and in flank by the fleet, dispersed,
leaving in our hands tents, waggons, stores, and a
very large number of prisoners.
General Sonnaz pursued the enemy and after-
wards occupied Mola and positions commanding
Gaeta.

King Victor Emmanuel enters Naples to-day.
The number of prisoners taken at Capua was
11,000.

(or/Imq.
Another despatch says :

TURIN, Nov. 4.

Yesterday our troops, commanded by King Victor
Emmanuel, attacked and dispersed the Bourbon
army beyond the Garigliano. Tents, waggons, and
an immense number of prisoners were left in our
possession. General Sonnaz has occupied Mola di
Gaeta and other positions above the city.

The following telegram is anterior to the

battle :

NAPLES, Nov. 3.
A part of the division of General Sonnaz has
crossed the Garigliano.
The whole army will cross to-morrow.
Bridges are being thrown over the river:
Another telegram says :

A part of the division of General Sonnaz has
crossed the Garigliano and taken the iron bridge,
at the same time making 100 prisoners.
A bridge of boats has been thrown across the
mouth of the Garigliano.

Another bridge is being constructed beyond the

iron bridge.
The whole army will cross the river to-morrow.
The Royalists have fallen back upon Gaeta.
Throughout their march they were much embar-
rassed by the fire of the Sardinian fleet.

NAPLES, Nov. 3.
The plebiscite has 'been declared to-day. The
votes are :
Ayes (si)
Noes 10,312
The prisoners from Capua, 9,000 in number, are
arriving without their arms.
Naples is en fete.
It is aaid that Victor Emmanuel will arrive here

on Tuesday.
Garibaldi is at Naples.

.~~;~

PERUGIA, SUNDAY.—
The voting on the question of aniexation has

commenced.

The concourse of people at the urns is extraor•

dinary.

Notwithstanding the French occupation and the
presence of Pontifical gendarmes, the inhabitants of
several communes in the province of Viterbo are
hastening to vote for annexation.
VIENNA, SUNDAY.

The report that a treaty of commerce has been
concluded between England and Austria is un•
founded.

.1. '

FRANCE.

PARIS, SUNDAY.
Prince Metternich had an audience of the Em,
peror yesterday.

The Emperor, on receiving the news of the death
of the Dowager Empress of Russia, immediately
telegraphed his condolences and those of the Em-
press to the Court of St. Petersburg.
Yesterday the Court of the Tuileries, without
waiting for the official notification of her Majesty's
decease, went into mourning for 21 days,
BOURSE, Nov. 3.—The market continues firm,
with a fair amount of business doing. For the
Account, Threes, which opened at 69f 35; are
now at 69f 50c; Mobilier, 725 f; Orleans, 1,381 f
25c; Northern, 980 f; Mediterranean, 922 f 50c;
Austrian, 495 f ; Lombard, 487 f 50c. The follow
ing are the last quotations :-
4/ per per Cents 05 70
Do. end month 95 601
3 per Cents
69 45
Do. end month 69 50
Bank Shares 2850
Credit Mobilier 725
Do. Account 725 --

Credit Fonder 905
Belgian 4}...,..,
Piedmontese Fives 80
Roman
Austrian
Spanish Threes —
Home Debt .. 47a

RAILWAYS.

Cash. Account.
Orleans
Northern
New ditto BB5 ..
Lyons and Mediterranean 922 50 .. 922 50
Geneva 360 .. 360
Southern 517 50 .. 518 75
Western
Eastern
Sardinian
Austrian
Low barcl 9 4BB 75 „ 487 50

VICTOR EAIMANUEL AND
GARIBALDI,

A letter from Naples, dated the 29th of October,
gives the following account of the interview between
Victor Emmanuel and Garibaldi :
" I was on my way to the head-quarters of Victor

Emmanuel, at Teano, and took a cut through the
mountains. While waiting for a conveyance, I met
Major Cattabene, Commandant of Garibaldi's head-
quarters. He was coming from Teano, and to him
I am indebted for the following account of the in-
terview betwcen 'Victor Emmanuel and Garibaldi.
Garibaldi had taken up his quarters at a small inn,
about four miles and a half between Teano and
Speranzano, on the 25th, He ordered his column
to advance and take up position, and sent Count
Trecohi to see the King. On the following
morning Count Trecohi and Missori came to inform
him that Cialdini was within an hour's march, and
the King not far behind. Garibaldi left imme-
diately with his Staff, and three-quarters of an hour
afterwards he came in sight of the head of the
Piedmontese column. He put spurs to his horse.
The Piedmontese advanced as follows :—The 23d
and 24th Regiments of the Como Brigade; the 26th
and 27th of Pinerolo's Brigade; then a battery of
rifled cannon. The columns presented arms to
Garibaldi, and opened to allow him to pass through.
Cialdini rushed forward, and Garibaldi, jumping
off his horse, embraced him affectionately. After
exchanging a few words Garibaldi re-mounted
to meet the King, Victor Emmanuel was not far
behind, leading on his own division. Seeing the
red shirts, the King took a telescope, and, recog-
nising Garibaldi, put spurs to his horse and galloped
towards him. Garibaldi did the same. When they
were within 10 paces of each other, the officers of
the King and of Garibaldi shouted 'Long live Victor
Emmanuel !' Garibaldi advanced, took off his hat,
and, in a voice somewhat hoarse from emotion, said
—‘ King of Italy ! ' Victor Emmanuel put his
hand to his kepi, then held it out to Garibaldi,
and, equally moved, replied—' Thank you I"They
stood thus, hand in hand, nearly a minute, without
uttering another word.
" Garibaldiand the King, still holding each other's
hand, followed the troops for about a quarter of an
hour. Their suites had mingled together, and fol-
lowed at a short distance behind them. Passing a
group of officers Garibaldi saluted them. Among
them were Farini, Minister of War, in a foraging
cap of a staff officer, and General Fanti. The King
and Garibaldi were conversing. After the King
followed the 17th, 18th, 19th, and 20th Regiments
of the line, then GO guns, and four regiments of
cavalry. His Majesty was at the head of 30,000
men.

"Before reaching Teano King Victor Emmanuel

halted, and ordered a portion of his army to file off
in presence of Garibaldi, that every one might
observe the good feeling which prevailed betwecn
him and the chieftain. lle tlicn reviewed Bixio's
brigade, which was posted a little beyond Calvi.
He was received with the enthusiastic and unani-
mous shout of 'Long live the King of Italy !'
Garibaldi has 7,000 men, divided between different
positions. The King remained at Teano ; Gari-
baldi returned to Calvi to give orders."