The Sun.
London, England, 1869-02-02 00:00:00

THE SUN, LONDOS, TUESDAY EVENING, FEBRUARY 2, 1869

The work clone by the Staffordshire society in
bridging over this gulf is very satisfactory. During
the past four years 350 discharged prisoners have
been recommended for employment, and only one of
them has robbed his employer. Mr. Melly, M.P.,
said he thought that Government ought to assist
such societies ; and the Earl of Lichfield remarked
that the public were not sufficiently sensible
of the urgency of the criminal question.
There were now in this country 30,000 persons who
had been in prison, and from 2,000 to 3,000 were
yearly added to the number. It was clear that every
effort should be made to reform prisoners,
and the present system of returned convict
surveillance was of no use. To be really effi-
cient the surveillance must be entrusted to a special
police, who would act in conjunction with societies of
this kind. A hope was expressed that Government
would remove sonic of the obstacles in the way of
establishing industrial schools, and that Pi:rliament
would spare some time from party conflicts for the
great social problems of the day.

is growing all the harder, as Fenton has developed
unexpectA strength. There are other candidates,
but the struggle is between these two, and has al-
ready involved the New York Commercial Adver-
tiser in an action fa- libel, by Fenton, for an article
extensively copied, headed, " United States Sena-
torship." The Times, the Sun, and the Post sup-
port Fenton, who is weak in the city, while his
strength lies in therural districts. Notwithstanding
the denunciation of Jay Gould, J. Fisk, jun., and all
other Erie directors, the owners of railway pro-
perty seem in no degree to have lost confidence in
these gentlemen ; that is, if there are shareholders
in a position to exercise a vote. At a meeting of
the stockholders of the Buffalo, Corry, and Pitts-
burgh Railroad, held at Mayville, Jan. 12, the fol-
lowing persons were elected directors :—Jay Gould,
James Fisk, jun., Frederick A Lane, L. D. Rucker,
J. C. B. Davis, Thomas Struthers, Wm. 11. Seward,
Win. 11. Whiteside, John F. Phelps, Matthew P.
Bemurs, Daniel Williams, Ames K. Warren, Geo.
W. Gifford. Jay Gould was elected President ;
Thomas Struthers, Vice-President; and M. P. Re-
mus, Secretary and Treasurer. Last Saturday, an
unusual occurrence, DO mail was despatched from
New York for England owing to the tempestuous
westerly weather having detained several steamers
which were due many days before. The Europe,
however, sailed for llavre, the Alaska for Aspin-
wall with three lady missionaries for Peking and
four reverend gentlemen. The weather has been
changeable, and the record of mortality is unusu-
ally high, sickness generally prevailing.

Had the horses of the United States a vote
for the election of President it would have been
unanimously given to General Grant. The General
has issued an order to insure the better care of
animals in the army. "Descriptive lists" of all
horses and mules are to be kept. The President
elect has acupted an invitation to Connecticut to
inspect some important manufacturing establish-
ments. We had a large and enthusiastic meeting
here to express sympathy with the Cretan revolu-
tion. William C. Bryant presided, and Henry
Ward Beecher, Governor Woodford, and Dr.
Bellowes spoke. We now know how Mr. Seward
accomplished his share in the St. Thomas and St.
John purchase. In January, 1865, he suggested it
to General Raasloff and was snubbed, but in De-
cember, the King, while asserting that he had no
wish to sell the island, asked Seward what he would
give. Ile proposed $5,000,000, and with this
answer General E,ias'off returned to Copenhagen,
where it was submitted to the Danish Ministry.
In May, 1867, Denmark consented, pressed by
Seward, to sell St. Thomas and St. John for
$10,000,000, but five months elapsed in haggling
over the price, wh,m the difference was split
and the treaty signed, October 24, 1867, the sum
being $7,500,000. This trafficing between Seward
on our behalf and the King's Ministers over ter-
ritory and the inhabitants bears a disagreeable re-
semblance to peddling, and the result goes far to
confirm the impression. The earthquakes almost
immediately after the conclusion of the bargain
demonstrated the value of the property purchased,
and reversed the position each had assumed. Den-
mark, no longer coy, now thrust the useless island
on Seward, and it required all that wily states-
man's tact to escape General Raasloff's home
thrusts to take the property and pay the bill. Six-
teen months have elapsed, the people of the
islands have voted for annexation, but the
treaty remains unratified and the money un-
paid- A fierce senatorial fight is raging at
Albany, the excitement is at fever heat, and the
friends of Morgan and the friends of Fenton are
now having it out aluie, as Marshal 0. Roberts
has been choked off, notwithstanding the Tribune's
advocacy. Judge Noah Davis has declared for
Morgan, and Mr. John A. Griswold seems inclined
to follow suit. It seems almost impossible to
choose between them so as to predict the result.
Inikei, the battle sways to and fro to-day for one,
to-morrow for the other.

ANNUAL MESSAGES OFTfIE GOVERNORS OF

ST.I TD'S.

The Messages of the Governors of States to the
Legislatures are now reaching us. Of Kansas,
Governor Harvey, speaking on the 13th January,
says the bonded debt of the State is $1,095,175.
The State warrants outstanding December 1, were
$290,254. The amount of taxes due, and now being
paid, for the year 1868, to meet these warrants, is
$234,450, and the unpaid taxes for the previous
year are 1567385. The estimated expenses for the
$
current year, exclusive of State institutions, are
$157,502. Nearly $lOO,OOO will have to be raised
to meet the expense of calling out a battalion of
Militia, and the 19th Regiment to defend the bor-
der against the Indians. The Governor recom-
mends that two regiments of militia be organized,
armed, and equipped, composed of men now living
on the frontier, to meet raids, and also urges the
Legislature to petition Congress to transfer the
Indian Bureau to the War Department. Ile favours
a recommendation to Congr(ss providing for equal
sueffggaet
sex or colour. hen the
L suffrage,
eegoarrgdalesnizs of Wedthere were elected the follow-
ingrisai officers : —C. 0. Leffed, President pro ton. ; J.
C. Crowther, Secretary of the Senate ; M. S.
Olney, Chief Clerk of the
house.Alaius, Speaker ; H. C.

From Missouri, on the same day, Governor
M'Clurg announced that he will appoint none but
loyal and strictly 'honest men to office, and that
if his appointees should at any time give evidence
be will exercise the power vested in
their removal. He favours an amend-
ment of the registration law, which will enable the
Executive to remove registrars for proper cause,
and t
e militia law be altered so
that h
teate shall be under the sole
t rtee3m militiam recommends
of that
the t
State
control of the Governor. He opposes any proposi-
tion looking to the enfranchisement of rebels in ex-
change for negro suffrage, and says the rebels ought
not to be restored in the right of the ballot so long
as the right of suffrage is denied to the negro. He
recommends th it the Constitutional Amendment,
striking the • word white from the Constitution,
which was defeated last Nov., should be again sub-
mitted to the people at the next general election.
He says the State institutions should be removed
from the control of the people of Boone and Callo-
way counties, on account of the rebellious tenden-
cies of the people of those counties. On the same
day the Hon. Oden Bowie was installed Governor
of Maryland, and the Wisconsin Legislature orga-
nized ; A. M. Thomson was re-elected Speaker ; E.
W. Young, Chief Clerk ; R. C. Kelly, Sergeant-at-
Arms ; L. B. Hills, Chief Clerk of the Senate, and
Col. W. 11. Hamilton, Sergeant-at-Arms. The
Governor's address was delivered on the 14th:
Governor Bullock's valedictory is a long and able
address. For years he has faithfully served Mas-
sachusetts as a public officer. His attention was
principally directed to finance, the State charities,
the railroads, and the Hoosac Tunnel. He alluded
to the Cambridge Museum of Zoology, the inland
fisheries, the cattle disease, and the improvement
of Cape Cod Harbour. Five million of dollars have
been added to the debt, but the wonder is that so
much had been achieved by so small an outlay. As
we elsewhere observe, Governor Bullock is about to
pay a lengthened visit to Europe, accompanied by
his family.
Governor Marshall, in his message to the Min-
nesota Legislature, says the taxable property in
the State has increased 15 per cent. during the year
past. The seimol fund is over $20,000,000.

General Kilpatrick is at war with Thaler, who is
working t,-) aboli,h nr)st of the United St3tes missions to
the Sonth and Central American Republics, making one
do the work of soveral. Kilpatrick is himself the M inister
to Chili, and Butler has declared that he will .crush Kil-
patrick, while that geotiernan asserts that to have been
Boiler's object in introducing the bill. General Francis
Walker has gone to Washington to take the place in the
Revenue Department under the lion. David A. Wells,
which Mr. Delmar recently vacated. General Walker
was during last year connected with the editorial depart-
ment of the Springfield Republican.

DuNvILLE and Co., Belfast, are the largest
holders of Whisky in the world. Their Old Irish Whisky is re
commended by the medical profession in preference to French-
Brandy. Supplied in casks and cases for hone use or exports.
Lion. Quotations on application to Messrs. Danville and Co.,
Belfast; or 4, Beaufort-hut/dins, Strand, Loud= W.9---[Ad
Yert/Oetilcut.]

AMERICAN LITERATURE.

(From the Anglo-American Times.)

English Photographs by an American—Tinsley, 13.,
Catherine-street, Strand, 1869 ; and American
Photographs by the Misses Turnbull.
Tinsley's Magazine has been enlivened by a aeries
of excellent papers, wherEin an American sketches
England and the English. We have not read them
all, but what we have read shows we ought to read
the rest, and as these papers have been gathered into
a book just published the opportunity is afforded.
The last number of Tinsley contains a more than
usually interesting one which has caused no small
astonishment to its readers. The idea here is that
Americans outside the big towns live in little wooden
houses, or in log huts, for an Englishman cannot
divest himself of the notion that everything out of
Europe is either colonial or uncivilized. When an
American, then, instead of producing an English
photograph, gives one of his own country, which
shows accurately the style of dwellings, he causes
surprise not only from the novelties introduced, but
because the picture is quite unlike anything ex-
pected. But he does not stop here. The conve-
niences of the American are contrasted with the in-
conveniences of the English domicile, and the
American succeeds so completely in turning the
tables ou his would-be master in the art of civiliza-
tion that John Bull finds himself transformed into
the pupil. However, the picture is reversed when
the A merican describes the servants. " The
worst London maid-of-all-work whoever trans-
formed a lodging-house into a purgatory shines
like an angel by contrast with her Irish sister
in New York." To illustrate this truth we extract
a bit of " chaff" from the Baltimore Commercial
of the, 2d inst. :—" A gentleman being asked by a
clergyman why he did not attend the evening prayer
meeting, said he could not leave the children.
What ! have you no servants?' Yes,' he replied,
we have two servants, who keep the house and
board us, but we are allowed few privilegea.'" The
origin of the word " helps" is, that in the Eastern
States the farmers used to send their daughters to
learn housekeeping with their neighbours, who being
of the same social rank as their,epployers were called
helps, not servants. The author thinks the Irish
make the worst servants, the Germans are preferred,
having more knowlelgeof dornesticduties, and being
neater in appearance. English and Scotch servants
are more scarce, commanding better places and
higher wages. Discussing the Irish, he remarks
that they never have the slightest attachment for
the families with whom they live, but though this
is the reverse of the opinion held in Ireland, it
may perhaps be reconciled, for he acknowledges their
extraordinary affection for their own country people,
and love begins at home. " With a generosity to
which one cannot do too ample justice, their first
thoughts are for their poor relatives in Ireland.
Regarded philosophically, they are very good pa-
triots, but regarded practically they are very bad
servants." The writer holds that in England we
have too much of a good thing, the custom being
to employ too many servants. Perhaps what will
cause the most surprise is the opinion of this can-
did, fair, and clever critic on the dishes of England
and America. Better beef can now be obtained in
the United States than in England, but the Ameri-
cans cannot cook it like the English, because they
bake it. A. rump steak broiled, as served in the
old London chop-houses, made the writer confess
he had tasted meat for the first time in his life. Poul-
try in England is tasteless, requiring ham to give it a
flavour. The American feels a pang of disappointment
when British poultry recall his own delicious fowls
and turkeys. Geese are the exception, but they re-
quire apple sance,..and apples are as scarce as rubies
in England. In all the English bills of fare there
are only a few points i❑ which the Americans may
not justly claim a superiority. Beef, veal, poultry,
lamb, game, are far better in America than in Eng-
land, but in fish the English have no equals, and in
pork and mutton they are not to be surpassed.
Either the Americans have no oysters, or the Eng-
lish have none ; for what the English call oysters
are so different from the American shell fish that
comparison is impossible. It is evident that the
writer is carefully and accurately stating not only
his opinions but those of his countrymen, which
he seems to have been at some p sins to ascertain ;
while he admits the influence of habit and training,
concluding that the verdict of a jury of Englishmen
who have visited America might be on the other
side. He supposed American fruits were admitted,
except plums, to ba more juicy and luscious than
the English ; but a party of Englishmen who had
twice visited the Union gravely asserted the con-
trary, and were surprised at his dissenting from
them. In his opinion Deluionico's Restaurant in
New York is to be ranked far above the best in
Paris, the perfection of French cookery being there
applied to a more abundant and diversified larder.
He says Americans can get their own dishes in Lon-
don if they know where to go for them, but he sup-
poses they do not congregate in sufficient numbers
in that city to support an American restaurant, al-
though there are a dozen English chop-houses in
New York ; and he adds, "but certainly an Ameri-
can Bar, like that called the Cosmopolitan in Paris,
would be very successful if well conducted." All
we can say is that we most heartily wish Mr.
Thorpe would establish one iu London ; for if any
person could make it pay he is the man, as his
name would be a tower of strength. Indeed we
agree with the writer that " if a daring genius, in a
moment of inspiration and in summer, would only
introduce the mint-julep to the British public, all
England would rise up, drink his health in his own
decoction, and immortalize his memory." Let the
proprietor of the Cosmopolitan Bar, in the Rue
Scribe, ponder this.

American Photographs were written some years
ago by a young lady, or rather two young ladies,
but one is now no more, the daughters of a physician
who has attained to great eminence, who after being
long absent has lately returned to London to be at
once the fashion, numbering royalty among his nume-
rous patients. The interest of the book centres in
the state of society it describes, for that state.by a
sudden and overwhelming revolution has passed
away for ever. It was previous to the great war that
the Misses Turnbull traversed the Union, and we
use the word traversed deliberately, for literally the
young ladies saw almost all the important towns of
that period. The style is lively, and at times graphic,
carrying the readereasily and by such pleasant stages
over the ground that the impression is half left in
the mind of having been one of the party. This effect
is more caused by skill in avoiding than skill in
introducing certain portions of the detail which
make up every-day travel. Whatever is quaint
is seized on, and so told as never to bore. Thus
the young ladies carry their readers on with
them from city to city, from North to South,
keeping interest alive by fresh incident -and
narrative, dropping all the tedium, nothing re-
maining but what is bright and sparkling, novel
and amusing. The period extends over some
years, for it is not a flying visit that is recorded,
but the observation of months at many halting places.
Our readers may easily guess where one of the
first visits in New York was paid. The English
girls had little idea of the style of the place they
were bound to, when the lady who was chaperon-
ing them said she was going to a "dry-goods store."
No wonder they opened their eyes in astonishment
when they entered A. T. Stewart's marble palace,
and saw displayed around them the latest Paris
fashions, which were but reaching England when
they left. The refreshment ordered at Thompson's,
consisted of " stews with crackers, soft shell crabs,
squab owl, with Irish potatoes and fixings, cold
slaw, and squash pie." The dishes proved nicer
than the names. On entering a room for an
evening party no one was announced, and the
lively writer afterwards perceived that this was
the custom. In paying a visit even to inti-
mate friends it was the fashion to shake hands
cordially on meeting, while a stiff bow was the
etiquette on parting. In the churches women
occupy the tops of pews, and men are seated at the
doors, so that on entering and looking down the
aisles the effect is as if the congregation were com-
posed of men only. The pulpit in some chapels re-
sembled a platform, on which were placed a reading
desk, sofa, table, and iced water. The hotels are
described as being complete and abundantly sup-

plied. Judging from the bills of fare, they were
cheaper than in England, and economy as well as
the gregarian taste explains why so many prefer to
reside in them rather than to keep house for them-
selves. Rapid sketches are given of the lovely
Hudson River and the towns passed en route to
Niagara, where the writer was fortunate in being
present at the time of a thunderstorm, the awful
grandeur of which is well described. Three chapters
are devoted to a visit to Canada. A minute but in-
teresting account of Boston and its environs follows ;
then a severe winter is sketched, and sleighing ; the
manner of harvesting ice closes the first volume.
The second opens with a few hours in Cuba, then
comes New Orleans, where " the very ground was
sticky with molasses, flakes of cotton adhering to it
here and there." Negro sales are fully described;
and a curious incident is given of a slave's attempt
to escape. Carriage hire was expensive ; a pound
being the fare to the opera and back. The writer
thinks the water of the Mississippi thick because a
shilling placcd in a tumbler of it was scarcely visi-
ble; but what would Miss Turnbull say to the In-
dus or Ganges, the Euphrates, and the Yang-
tse-Kiang? The route from New Orleans to
Charleston, about 1,000 miles, was more re-
plete with discomfort, both of transit and of
badly-furnished hotels, than that described in
any other part of the book. A picture is drawn
of the breaking up of the ice at St. Louis,
Buffalo. Philadelphia, Richmond, and Norfolk are
next pourtrayed. At Richmond au unusually se-
vere winter had set in, communication was inter-
rupted by heavy snow, and even fuel could not be
procured. Statistics are given of sales of negroes,
and the high prices realized. In -Virginia every
person paid a tax of one dollar a year for his
watch. There were taxes also upon pianofortes,
plate, and jewellery. In New York it is said that
paintings and furniture were also taxed. As a
specimen of the humour which sparkles through
these photographs we give the following :—" One
of the Episcopal bishops of, Virginia, who is very
fond of smoking, was one day visited by another
bishop, who, entering his room, fot9d his brother
bishop enjoying his pipe. The room was filled with
sinok, and the visitor was e*ceeiingly enraged,
and spoke against the habit in very strong terms.
The bishop, who was smoking with great calm ness,
asked his brother bishop if the evil in smoking did
not arise from its abuse ?" " Certainly," he re-
plied," it was the abuse of the weed, and not
its proper use." The smoking bishop imme-
diately replied, " Then, my brother, you are
abusing it, and I am properly using it."
A hasty visit is paid to the Great Dismal Swamp
—dismal, and full of snakes, and creeping hurtful
things, it is. After returning to New :York, and
leave-takings from a numerous circle of friends, our
travellers embarked for their native country, carrying
with them pleasant rccollec:ions of the kindness
and hospitality of the people of America. Such
books are worth preserving for their simple and
truthful details of a state of things which will soon
be as strange to the Americans as to the English.
Indeed, they might be reprinted in another de-
cade, and read with curiosity and astonishment in
the places described.

Alphonse Esquiros gives the following account
of the marking of the boundary between Canada and the
United States:—"Between Canada and the Northern
States of America there lies (in 1844) an impenetrable
region, where dark virgin forests, deep ravines, and dismal
marches have long defied the efforts of the two Govern-
ments and all the appliances of geodetical science. On ac-
count of all these obsticles, the boundaries of the two coun-
tries had not been definitely fixed in these regions
In 1843 Lord Canning wrote to the Astronomer-Royal
to call his attention to the sulject, and Mr. Airy advised
him to send to the spot some military engineers, to whom
he (Sir. Airy) would previously give some useful instruc-
tions. In consequence of this advice, some officers of the
above corps repaired to Greenwich, whence, after certain
preliminary studies, they left for Canada. Two groups
of observers, each party being furnished with a tele-
scope, a chronometer, and some other instruments,
placed themselves at the two lateral extremities of
the wild country which it was their business to divide.
By means of calculations, dictated in a great measure
by the movements of the celestial orbs, they traced out
a boundary line in conformity with the nature of the
treaties whiCh had been signed by England and the
United States. The two parties being placed at a great
distance from each other they had no means whatever of
coming to any understanding as to the progress of the
operations, The studies and calculations being termi-
nated, one of the two groups of engineers a Ivanced
slowly through the forest, cutting out a path he a straight
line on the direction previously arranged, which they
followed in the credit, as it wets, of tho stars.
How great was the astonishment and joy of these
gallant geometricians when, having cut their way through
forty-two miles of brushwood ant trees, they perceived
from the summit of a bill the goal they had been aiming
at ! Right in front of them, on another eminence not very
far off, they caught sight of a gap cut in the douse and
sombre curtain of the woods. This gap became more and
more extensive, and soon disclosed to view the other body
of engineers approaching from the opposite side of the
district. The two lines thus met end to end ; the differ-
ence between them did not exceed 340 feet, and this very
slight division was owing to an error of only one second
in the difference of longitude. England and the Govern-
ment at Washington hastened to recognize as the boundary
of the two States this line marked out by the authority of
the heavens."—English Seamen and Divers.

The Alaska Herald is a new journal of eight
neatly printed pages, half in English and half in Russian.
It is published on the Ist and 15th of every month. The
removal. of the seat of Government from Sitka to the
Island of Kardiak, which has a magnificent harbour, cap-
able of holding vessels of three thousand tons burden, is
urged. The harbour, it is stated, is full of salmon, and if
the fishermen have salt and casks they can fill a million
barrels in one summer.—Silver City, Idaho, has a news-
paper called the Tidal Wave.
Ladies are to he admitted to Cornell University,
New York, next fall.

Edward MTherson, Clerk of the House, Wash-

Ington, D.C., is actively engaged upon the "Life and
Times of Thaddeus Stevens," for early publication, and
will be glad to receive copies of letters of the deceased on
political topics from 1828 to 1868, and any personal inci-
dents illustrating any point in his career, or any feature of
his character. Original letters or other doe iments, if sent
to him, will be returned after use.

We may expect to see the Times coming out with
great posters to take its place as the " Most influential"
journal in the world, beside the " biggest" and the
,largest circulation." Some time ago it began to adver-
tise itself in a modest little advertisement at the top of
the theatres. Yesterday a table of contents appeared at
the head of its leading articles, so that people may learn
what is on every page of the paper without hunting
through it; an improvement which has taken this pon-
derous- paper a centur3 to arrive at. We dare say some
of its readers went into fits when they saw it, but they may
arrive at the conclusion before they die thatit is convenient;
as the contract with the present proprietors of the Washington
Globe expired with the present session, proposals were opened
and referred to the Public Printer, at Washington, for
classification, for printing and managing this Congres-
sional paper. The bids were three in number, nannly,
from the Messrs. Rives, of 7'he Globe ; the Messrs. Apple-
ton, in New York, through an agent, ani Mr. Defrees, the
Public Printer, in behalf of the Government. Tho for-
mer's bid was the highest, the Appleton's next, and the
Government estimates were the lowest. It may be, how-
over, that the future publications will be conducted under
officers of the Government. •

General James L. Kierman, United States Con-
sul in China, has just lectured in Now York on "America
and the East," devoting himself principally to China and
Japan. After general remarks on the Chinese people,
their territory, manners and customs, he alluded to the
extraordinary confidence placed by the Chinese in Ameri-
can merchants, and advanced this as one reason that they
selected an American, Mr. Burlingame, as their Ambas-
sador to Europe.
In an article on New Zealand in the Observer
last Sunday, remarkable for nothing else, there is at least
this remarkable sentence which ought to make Mr. Moon's
hair stand oa end " But where the aboriginal inhabitants
refuse to adopt the mode of life and ideas of the new
corner tho inevitable result invariably is, that they are
either starved out and exterminated, or, as the only re-
maining alternative, aro roduced to hewers of wood and
drawers of water for the superior race."

The Round Table does not fully concur in the

"ahnost enthusiastic" admiration of Andrew Johnson's lite-
rary attainments it has discovered in the Anglo-American
Thnes •on receipt of the telegraphic summary. Wo
hazarded the opinion Cult hist tst Message was well written
judging from his former annual Messages, but on receipt
of the Message itself, we asked if Andrew Johnson wrote
it, who wrote the last? and if Andrew Johnson wrote
the last, who wrote this? The Message of 1837 was an
able and statesmanlike document, written with such force
of argument, and such appropriate language as to mate-
rially strengthen a bad cause by producing a strong effect
on the country." Our opinion was mainly formed on that
Message, which we hold to be one of the ablest of State
papers.

From Triibner's last record we learn that Mr.
George W. Childs, of Philadelphia, hearing that about

were wanting to
.complete the subscriptions to-Leigh
Hunt's Memorial, immediately offered to contribute that
amount ; but in the meantime further subscriptions having
come in, the treasurer, after thanking Mr. Childs for hie
generous offer, informed him of the fact.—Mr. J. Mather
Jones, of Utica, New York, has just issued a "History of
the Great Rebellion" in the Welsh language, by J. IV'
Jones and T. B. Morris. The work embodies a sketch of
the history of America from the time of the northmen, in-
cluding the founding of the colonies which afterwards
became the United States of America.
The professors get $3OO per month in the CO"
fornia University.
Mr. Cyrus IV. Field visited his country place at
Irvington, on the North River, on Wednesday, Jan. 6, In
company with an engineer and architect, for the purpose
of laying out improvements for the coming season. The
ground was covered with frozen snow, and just as Mr.
Field and Mr. Ignatz A. Pilaf., of the Central Park i beg°
to descend a hill two or three hun.ired feet high, bolll
gentlemen slipped and slid to the bottom with groat velo-
city, striking against a tree. Mr. Filet was able to return
home in the car 3, but Mr. Field was more seriously
jured. He was placed in a sleigh asd brought to the citY°
At first it was feared that he had sustained internal in-
juries, but. on the 7th he was much better.
The United States Supreme Cuurt, Jan. lit
ordered the Supreme Court of the District of Coluini,in to
restore Jos. 11. Bradley to his position as Attorney in the
Court.
Judge Foster has resigned his seat in the Sit;
premo Coz...rt of Massachusetts, to which he was appointer
by Governor Bullock, and wherein he has sat two .90'1.6.4
The salary is $5,000, while he can earn in private practice
a far greater amount, which he requires to meet his
ex-
penditure. This is the reason of his resignation, which

the citizens consider to be a great luss to the st.tte.
The President of the Universal Peace Union, Mr•
Love, has been scattering through the States a petition
addressed to Congress, which be desires everybody t°
sign, asking for gentle, kind treatment for the Indintl'
and alleging that as by wrong they have been provoked t°
war, by kindness they ought to be subdued. The Sig"-
tures be would obtain in the Far West among the ra?.3
whose hair they so often raise we apprehend will be but
few. Could Mr. Love but scatter love and charity With
his circulars among both races the case would be different;
but it is useless talking to men in danger of being tortur°l
to death about subduing their enemies by the universal
peace measures.

endeavour to secure the passage of,,P
Ptate law strictly prohibiting prize fights. We ho,o it
thay be successful, and the example followed.
John Minor Botts, whose death also we an non ncetl
last week, was born in Dumfries, William County, Virgc
nia, Sept. 16, 1802. His parents lost their lives in 1811 e'
the burning of the theatre in Richmond. Tho sou is'i°
sent to school, and at the age of eighteen was admitted t°
the bar, but after practising law for six years, becimo n
farmer in Henrico county, Virginia. lie was a member °f
the Virginia Legislature from 1833 to 1839, anl was 01
elected to Congress, where he remained till 1813. lie W%
re-elect d to the Thirtieth Congress, 1847 to 1849, and
Chairman of the Committee on Military Affairs. Ile then re-
sumed the practice of law in Richmond, and retired RI
political life. During the rebellion he remained faithful
to the North, and in consequence suffered persecution fr°,-
the Southern authorities, and was imprisoned in Eicif4:
mond, and his farm devastated by the rebel army. P",ti
was a delegate to the Southern Loyalists' Convention he'
in Philadelphia in 1866, and in 1867 was ono of the sure
;
ties on the bail bond of Jefferson Davis. On the day" °
his funeral the streets along the line of the procession t
the cemetery. were thronged. Long before the arri'3i
of the body the burial ground was completl
filled with people of every condition, sex, age, It
colour, who collected from all parts,of the city and su'
.
rounding country to do homage to the dead Statesman*
They gathered around the spot where his grave had boo:
prepared, by the side of his son Archibald, who fell
Mexico, and over whose remains a stately column hatl Iplla
since been erected by his West Point class mates to 7... a
their respect for his memory, and where, also, was burte
the wife of Mr. John Minor Botts. Tho chief mourners
were :—Mr. Beverly B. Botts, Mr. and Mrs. L. L. Lewis'
Major and Mrs. B. W. Raxsey, Mr. and Mrs. D. S. Levis,
Mr. John F. Lewis, Mr. and Mrs. S. K. Botts, and 31r. i
M. Lawson.

We regret to announce the death of Thonl:l6
M. Key, at Lebanon, Kentucky, on the 15th of JannarP
He was well known as a lawyer and politician in Ci
nati, and was General Al•Clellan's Judge-Advocate clarit';
his entire service. Ho was long ill from pulmon3rl
disease. He was one of the delegates to the 1).?"'°g;
cratic National Convention of New York in the
of his personal friend, George H. Pendleton, and urged tge
Ohio delegation, when he saw that candidate's defeat
tain, to nams Chase, and was ono of those most hitter
ly
disappointed at the failure of this and the results.
The remains of the Hon: Darwin A. Fin 3e)'
who died at Antwerp, Aug. 25, 1868, arrived in Nes
'York on Sunday, Jan. 10, on board the ship City of tr,
York, which left Antwerp about the 22d of Novenw-
A Congressional committee has beau appointed to tzt"
charge of the funeral. •

Soap berries are to be found in immense quo-tio
ties throughout Alaska. They grow on a bush 51)4.))0
the same in appearance as whortleberries.
they are re,l, of a juicy and quinine taste, and gefier',lo
biennial. One quart taken and place,l in a tub 'lO
the size of a bushel, when stirred, will completely fill tij
tub with froth, and the more it is stirred with the rini-t
hand and arm the stiffer it becomes, until you eau
it with a knife. It is eaten with horn or woo lon
all the family sitting around the tubs. It is undeubtedl„io
acquired taste, but the commodity is much sought for. .11,0
froth is of a beautiful pink colour. Green berries will 11)3 r
nearly the same amount of froth, but they are of a wit ite olror
and not so highly flavoured. Foreigners stir it with
sherry wines, and add sugar, in which case it is 3,c1:0J
cious luxury. Large quantities aro dried, by Iseingl).3;eii
in a tub with their leave; forming a cake, which is Pl3('u
on wicker tables, with lighted fires under and 'fjr
overhead. When dried they will keep in a dry 19•13`°,
some years. The dried berries are black and look
A piece two inches square, beaten in a water-po°l,
fill it full of froth of a dark pink colour.
are
The Abbe Liszt has arrived in Munich. ,
informed that he intends to make a lengthened sta.'
Weimar.
[ADVERTISEMENT:I—HoIIoway's Ointment and Pills •
Fear not!—Though surrounded by circumstances disadvA":o
geous to health, these remedies, if properly applied, Wilit or
short fevers, influenza, inflammation, diphtheria, and 5 11sol:f
other complaints always lurking about to seize on theoo
forlorn, and nnivary. The superiority of Holloway's uoul-tbaS
has been so fully and widely proved for subduing disease and
it is only necessary to ask the afflicted to give them a trial,
if the instructions folded around thernbe followed no dislt°l
ment will ever ensue, or dangerous consequences result' ff
hoarseness and ulcerated sore throat the ointment show' eSt
quently be rubbed on the neck and top of the chest, it will ar
1!9
the increasing inflammation, allay disquietude, and
cure.

Foreign Mail Packet List.

MAILS DUE.
2*
finstralla and New Zealand, via Southampton ..... Feb. 2
Ditto, via Yireeillos
Ditto, via PL.l.ama -
... ......... ..•
Brazil. Buenos Ayres, and Monte Video Fe). 3.
Ditto, by Frew% packet
..... . . Feb'
b• 3
cape Verds, by Brazil paotet ...... _ .... . Fe b 12.
Cape of Good ilupe. Ascension. and St. Belena— • Ye, 13.
China, Penang, and Singapore, via Southampton. • F"' 6
Gibraltar. via Southampton Feb
h
India. via Southampton -F6 .6 ...... .......... .... ...• •• - g.
Ditto, via Marseil.es ... . •
Malta, Egypt, &0...
... F
eb
F•D':6
Ditto, Marseilles...
Mauritius, Cape of Good Hope, and Natal, via
Bouthann ton %.;i4 l4
Feb' 0
Ditto, Alareeilies .
Newfoundland • • • •• • • • •.. • ..... • • • •_le. b 3.
N'°''Portucml

United States, , anada, California, &0., by Britian
,eb 6
packet • •••••
Ditto, by Canadian packet ....
Feb 3
Ditto, by L Lited States packet
Ditto ditto (Baltimore)
West Coast of Africa, Madeira, and Teneriffe .. •• • •'-w -all 3
West Indies and Pa:litio (except Mexico and Baha- - j 3
mas)
Falkland Islands Feb
....... ..• • • S' ... 1,
„U Cuba and Mexico
.... ••• .• • • . rep 11. . •
Bermuda, via Ilalifax..... Feb'....
...-
Bahamas, via New York
_...-

Births.
ALLEN—On the 29th ult., at 5, Eliot-park, Blaciche3o,o
Mrs. Henry Allen, of a daughter.
t 4
• -ec,
HICK LEY—On the Ist inst., at Walton-on-Tba.
wife ofMaley, Esq., of a daughtr. of P.
NEALE On the 81st ult., at Reigate-hill,e the w"°
W. Neale, Esq.. of a son.

Marriages. „ sinir
DANGERFIELD —HAWKES —On the 28th ult., (It isljyLlei
ton-park, Edward Dangerfield, Esq, late of Th%.01.11°
Gloucestershire, to Anne, daughter of the lute
Hawkes, Esq., of Birmingham.
YORKE—JONES—On the 28th ult., at Fairfield, Liv:srP:irt`ll
John Yorke, Esq., of Watling-street, London,
Maria. third daughter of Henry Jones, Esq./ °I
vile, Huyton-park, near Liverpool.

Deaths.

Pf Pli

CARY— On the 29th ult., Wm. H. Cary, Esq., 15t0 °
House, Woodford, Essex, aged 67. df
DUNCOMBE—On the 29th u:t., at 8, Now-inn, 8"-13
denly, Henry IL Buncombe. Esq., aged 92. 130/
GUEST—On the 30th ,at Blackheath, the Tle'•
r
Guest, M.A., aged 81. coriti
Rustrrow—On the 30th inst., at Spring-gardens'
cross, Mark Rushton, Esq., aged 66. goose'
PRILLPOTTS —On the 31st ult., at Hounclisconili acv
Plymouth, Octavius Phillpotts, youngest sou
Bishop of Exeter.

P.,...1••••••••••••••••••••
TOO
London : Printed and Pabliehed by WILIJA """-- of
of No. 112, Strand, Printer, at fitz Su:4 Oic'b,:ttle-1
Strand, in the Precinct of the Sr voy, in the
Middleeez,..auceday, February 2, 18e2.,