The Sun.
London, England, 1860-08-29 00:00:00

Commence at 7.

ADELPHI, NEW THEATRE-ROYAL.
Sole Proprietor and Manager, Mr. Beni. Webster.
The Annual Benefit of Mr. .T. L. Toole.
THIS EVENING, THE WILLOW COPSE. Luke, Mr.
Ben. Webster ; Augustus. Mr. J. L. Toole; Staggers, Mr.
Paul Bedford. Supported by Messrs. Stuart, Billington, C.
J. Smith, Powell, Eburne, Romer; Miss Woolgar, Miss H.
Simms, Miss Laidlaw, and Mrs. Chatterley.
Alter which, THAT BLESSED BABY. Mr. Billington,
Mr. .J. L. Toole, and Miss K. Kelly.
To conclude with THE ENCHANTED ISLE ; or Raising
the Wind under the most approved Principles. Messrs. J.
L. Toole. P. Bedford. C. J. Smith, C. Selby, Powell, Romer,
Misses Woolgar, K. Kelly, and Emily Thorne.
Doors open at half-past 6—Commence at 7.
Box-office open from 10 till 5.
No charge for booking.
Private boxes, £2 28.; Family Bones, Al.
Orchestra Stalls, 55. ; Balcony, Is. ; Front Circle Stalls, 3s. ;
pit Stalls, 20.; Pit, is. fid. ; Amphitheatre, is ; Gallery, 6d.
Acting Manager—Mr. Wm. Smith.

A STLEY'S ROYAL AMP HIT HE ATRE.-
-r1 Proprietor and Manager, Mr. W.V. BATTY.

Continued Success of "Mazeppa."
A Grand MID-DAY PERFORMANCE will take place on
SATURDAY next, Sept 1. commencing at Two o'clock.
This Evening, Lord Byron's splendid Hippo-drama of
MAZEPPA. AND THE WILD HORSE, with entirely new
and beautiful scenery, costly costumes, and appointments,
introducing the largest stud of highly-trained Horses, Po-
nies, Buffaloes, and Camels in the World.
To be followed by Scenes in the Arena by the Star Riders
of the day, including the greatest Equestrienne in the world,
Madlle. de Berg, whose wonderful Leap through the body of
a Mail Coach (a feat never before attempted by any other
female) has been nightly received with enthusiasm.
-

Doors open at half-past fi, performance commence at 7.
Box-office open daily from 11 till 4.
Stage Manager—Mr. W. WEST.
Director of the Arena—M. Felix Revolti.

CANTERBURY HALL C ONCERT S.-
EVERY EVENING,
A Grand Selection from
MARTHA,
And Selections from
DINORAH, TROVATORE, MACBETH,
And numerous other Entertainments.
Balcony, ls , Hall. 6d.
Comic Vocalists —Messrs. George Hodson (the Irish Come-
dian and Mimic), and C. Marshall.
The ETHIOPIANS, consisting of 17 performers (organised
expressly for this Establishment). for the performance of
Vocal and Instrumental Music, Comic and Sentimental, with
breg-ro delineations, anecdotes, ctc., in addition to the usual
entertainments.
The Fine Arts Gallery is open from 5 till 11 on Sunday
Evening.

THE WEATHER.—SUN Orricrs, AUGUST 29, 1860.
THERMOMETER, IN THE SHADE.
66—highest since noon yesterday.
56—lowest this morning and during the night.
68—this day at noon.
BAROMETER-29.57 ; a sudden fall.
WIND—W.N.W.; fresh, with fine weather now, but
rained heavily last night, and showers this morning.

HIGH WATER AT LONDON BRIDGE.
THIS D.A.Y.—Morning, 12h. 40m.—Afternoon, lh. 5m
To-moßuoiv.-Morning, lh. 24m.—Afternoon, lh. 42m

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THE SUN.

LONDON, WEDNESDAY, AUGUST 29, 1860.

Every humane man as well as every friend to
Italian liberty will hope that the rumour which we
publish from the Bourse at Paris, is a true one.
Confirmation of it will be awaited with intense in-
terest. That GARIBALDI was on the road to a final
triumph none of us, not even Sir G. BOWYER, could
well doubt, but if there was one thing which GARI-
BALDI himself desired more than another it was that
it should be henceforth, a bloodless success. He
sought not the renown of victories—but Italian
independence and liberties ; and the truly touch-
ing yet manly letter we published yesterday
showed the spirit in which he sought them. He
urged the Italians to combine in large numbers for
their liberties, for the explicit reason that posterity
might remember " with affection" those who bad
emancipated her without shedding the blood of her
sons. His letter read like a very comment on the
" Angels Song." For his sake we shall rejoice if
he can see the Tyrant banished and Italy free
without further bloodshed.

E'rents, so far as we know them, had prepared us
for the flight, any day, of the brutal young savage.
He knew not whom to trust. The garrison at
Reggio " fought languidly," as well they might for
such a cause ; brigade after brigade surrendered, at
discretion, with all their equipments, and amongst
our many latest communications we read—" The
Minister MARTINO has officially announced to the
diplomatic corps the defection of two battalions of
the Neapolitan army at _Reggio, and the surrender
at discretion of the fort." The Minister is said to
have added to his communication :—" As regards
the proportion of our forces, we were formerly three
against one, now we are one against three." This
could not last long—and we may hope, there-
fore, that a few more hours will ap-
prise us that the rumour is truth, that
Naples is free, and that if the POPE wish to get up
the Italian Confvderation, for which, in extremis,
he put in a bid the other day, he will have to be a
confederate with the excommunicated and anathe-
matised GARIBALDI and VICTOR:EMMANUEL.

Yesterday two speeches were delivered by Com-
mission—one in England, the other in France. Our
QUEEN'S we gave yesterday ; the EMPEROR'S, by
the mouth of Count DE PERSIGNY, we give to-day.
They suggest, by comparison, matter for grave
consideration. Both of them, on one of their prin-
cipal topics, are addressed to the public not only of
each country, but of Europe.
To see the bearing of all let us go back a little: On
the 24th of February, in opening the Parliament of
this country, her MAJESTY first adverted to a Con-
grees -which was to have been held on the affairs of
Italy, but which had been deferred till it seemed
little likely to meet, Probably because of the firm
determination expressed by our Government and
asserted in the QUEEN'S Speech, that Italy should
be loft to settle her internal affairs in entire freedom
from foreign intervention. Then followed the para-
graph respecting the Treaty—its language is re-
mai:kable .—" I am in communication with the
Emperor of the FRENCH with a view to extend
the commercial intercourse between the two coun-
tries, and thus to draw still closer the bonds of
friendly alliance between them."
When we turn to the Speech of yesterday what
do we find in reference to the same subject, but the
following unsentimental announcement Her
MAJESTY trusts that the additional freedom which
Y°ll have given to commerce will lead to fresh de-
eloplllvat of productive industry." Nothing more
about°vas y friendly alliance ;" all that has
evaporated, and we are told only of what would be
equally applicable had there been no" communica-
tion with the Emperor
of
the FRENCH," and had
we only
got rid of the four hundred minor articles
from our tariff which hardly paid the cost of col-
lection, and doubtless embarrassed business, far
more than they served the Revenue. How is this P
Was not the splendid sacrifice to France of the
Wine Duties, wholly uncompensated by a single
sacrifice on her part—was not this worth mention
as a splendid contribution towards weaving bonds
of " Friendly Alliance ?''
Alas ! a " change has, indeed, come o'er the
spirit of the dream." It first showed itself to the

world in a conspicuous form when, in repelling one
of Mr. HORSEMAN'S assaults, Lord JOHN RUSSELL,
amid the almost deafening cheers of the House,
spoke thus—having described at some length the
duplicity of the EMPEROR and the King of SAR-
DINIA in regard to Savoy—having then shown what
an important subject was the neutrality of the dis-
tricts of Chablais and Faucigny to the neutrality
and independence of Switzerland, and thus
to the general peace of Europe having
asserted and re-asserted that the annexation
had produced, and would yet produce, " great
distrust ;" he thus concluded :—" Sir, my opinion
as I declared it in July and January, I have no
objection now to repeat—that such an act as the
annexation of Savoy is one that will lead a nation
so warlike as the French to call upon its Govern-
ment from time to time to commit other acts of
aggression, and, therefore, Ido feel that, however
we may wish to live on the most friendly terms with

the French Government—and certainly I do wish
to live on the most friendly terms with that Govern-
ment—we ought not to keep ourselves apart from
the other nations of Europe—but that, when future
questions may arise—as future questions may arise—
we should be ready to act with others and to declare
always in the most moderate and friendly terms,
but still firmly, that the settlement of Europe, the
peace 'of Europe, is 'a matter dear to this country,
and that settlement and that peace cannot be as-
sured if it is liable to perpetual interruption—to

constant fears, to doubts and rumours with respect to
the annexation of this one country, and connexion of
that other—but that the Powers of Europe, if they

wish to maintain that peace, must respect each
other's rights, must respect each other's limits, and,
above all, restore and not disturb that commercial
confidence which is the result of peace, which tends
to peace, and which ultimately forms the happi-
ness of nations."
From that time, onwards, we have heard no

more of " bonds of friendly alliance with France."
While conceding nothing of the rights of Italy to
Austria, we have let them understand that we were
ready to join them, as expediency might require,
against further French annexations. Baden and
Toplitz followed, and the shaking of hands be-
tween Austria and Prussia in face of the
common disturber ; and, most important of
all, Germany saw that we had a Channel
Fleet, and a Mediterranean] Fleet too, which
would enable us to speak with authority, if
further annexation tricks were talked of to amuse
a despot-ridden nation with something which
should look—to them—like glory in their despot's
foreign policy. Lord PALMERSTON'S former state-
ments in the fortifications' debate, that the con-
duct of France rendered these necessary; and his
declaration last Friday, of the right of Switzerland
to satisfactory guarantees respecting Chablais
and Faucigny—language repeated by her MA-
JESTY yesterday—with numerous other incidents,
have told the annexer of Savoy that the duplicity,
fraud, we might say violence, attendant on that
transaction have quashed the alliance, and left
nothing of it but ordinary diplomatic respect.
And now, most amusing is it to read the peaceful
assurances which pour upon us from the EMPE-
ROR and his confidants. The ink of my
dearPERsIGNY's letter is hardly dry, the unbosomed
frankness of that generous communication has
hardly ceased to warm all hearts, when it is followed
by plaintive bewailings of the unjust suspicions of
Europe, addressed to bodies of his subjects, while on
a visit of pleasure. But " my dear PERSIGNY" is the
man. He, the prime agent in confiscating the
estates of the ORLEANS family, is naturally chosen
to show that confiscations and annexations are at

an end (now they must be), and that peace, not
war, is in the heart of the EMPEROR. Indeed " the
EMPEROR'S programme of Bordeaux has not been
changed"—this seems strange language just after
two great wars ; but no. " Without pretend-
ing to abolish war the EMPEROR has, however,
repudiated the inheritance of mere fighting for
the sake of vengeance for the defeats of the
first empire." Waterloo, that is not to
be avenged,—of course not till England has laid
up her Channel fleet ;—and as to the two wars, that
is easy of explanation, " Before the inauguration of
the present empire two extraordinary questions
were pending—viz., the question of the East, and
that of Italy, neither of which could be resolved by
means of diplomacy." So the EMPEROR cut those
two Gordian knots—Constantinople is safe for the
present from Russia. and the Italians, " though
they are now jeopardising the indepen-
dence which they acquired in consequence of
the war, the principle of non-intervention, now a
recognised rule of international policy, exercises a
dominating influence over the further development
of the question." The Count does not add that
England, with her augmented navy and army, in-
sisted on the non-intervention, though his master
who tried so hard to force a confederation on the
Italians, has put constraint on the King of SAR-
DINIA, and still, himself, intervenes in Rome.
As to all the fears of Germany and of England,
" The apprehensions entertained in Germany re-
specting the Rhine frontiers, and the fears of an
invasion current in England, do not merit serious
discussion. The Rhine is no longer a strategic
frontier. France, being much stronger when Ger-

many is divided, will never support the project of
German unity for any compensation she might
obtain." Of all which, and of much that follows,
we may well observe, how appropriate it all is when
invasion and new strategic frontiers are but sour
grapes. However, his work is now done. " The
EMPEROR has certainly replaced France in her
legitimate position without shaking the confidence of
Europe ! Taken as a whole, his policy was pure and
honest." What cart we need more—unless it be to keep
up our army and navy which most certainly do give
confidence to Europe, as well as to ourselves, and
to which, we venture to think, whatever " purity
and honesty" belong to the EMPEROR'S policy, is
largely due.

The return of the Great Eastern from her first
trip across the Atlantic is highly satisfactory, and
we hope the success which has attended this last
enterprise will be the forerunner of future triumphs.
So many unforeseen calamities have befallen this
noble vessel, from which such great achievements
were anticipated, that this voyage having been
completed without accident or disaster of any kind
seems not only to be a happy omen for the future,
but to have broken the spell which hung over the
past. In any case the difficulties attending
the arrangements of a vessel of such unu-
sual magnitude would have been very great, and
certainly they were complicated by the division of
authority and the conflicting interests concerned
in the speculation. Time and experience, however,
will be the best remedies, and those who have
hastily condemned the whole project on account
of the failures almost inseparable from the first
working of a new enterprise may yet find their
gloomy predictions unverified. Many regarded
the whole scheme with suspicion from the first, and
consequently were only too ready at every suc-
cessive mischance to declare themselves in
the right. Those best qualified to judge,
however, appear to regard the Leviathan
of the waters with no ill will, The scene which,