The Sun.
London, England, 1869-02-04 00:00:00

THE SUN, LONDON, THURSDAY EVENING, FEBRUARY 4, 1869,

thing more than eccentric. tie protestea ioualy
and vehemently against having to try the case
at all. It was perhaps pardonable that all the
judges should hwe protested in the first place,
and when the new regulations were still under dis-
cussion, but that a judge having bowed to the will of
Parliament, and having undertaken the duties
imposed upon him, should, in the discharge thereof,
have resented the task, does seem contrary to
judicial dignity. Baron Martin has now delivered
his soul, and it is to be hoped that henceforth he will
refrain from private letters to the members whom he
unseats, and from public protests against the law of.
the land.

THE COMIC PAPERS.
(From Punch.)

A BLITNDER-BUSS.—Kissing the wrong gir.
DELICACY.—Young Swell : " We won't go clown Con-
duit-street, for I haven't paid my tailor his Christmas bill
yet, and if he sees me he might feel embarrassed

COMMITTED FOR TRIAL. Ruined Shareholder to
Daughter : " Yes, they are committed for trial ; but we
my child, to hard labour for life 1"
A HOLIDAY TASK FOR AN M.F.H.—To keep in good
temper with a large field while Mr. Titups amuses himself
by heading the fox and riding over the best hounds.
A GOOD REASONER.—A teetotaller's arguments are
pretty sure to be sound, for he is certain to make use of
nothing which will not hold water.
LOOK HERE, LORD LINDSAT.—Brisk Volunteer (to
languid ditto) : " You'll be at drill next Saturday, won't
you?" Languid One : " Eh, ah, it's the first this season, isn't
ft ? Ya-as, think I shall. 'Chore's sure to be more talk'
than dwill ; so it'll be a good night to go."

(From Fun.)

MOTTO FOR Ir. M.'s STATIONERY OFFICE.—Take care
of the pens and the pounds will take care of themselves.

818 I)S OF A FEATHER.—When a man has feathered his
nest you will generally find that he also plumes himself
upon it. How true is it, therefore, that " riches take unto
themselves wings."
LITERARY NOTE.—The great " Proverbial Philosophy"
of our Tupper hai just be&n translated into Swedish. We
trust it will be appreciated by the turnip-headed Swedes.
We only wish Stockholm would relieve us of the home
stock of the work.
COURTSHIP AND MATRIMONY.—Let this paragraph,
which we clip from a contemporary, be a warning to all
ardent bachelors A female weaver, at Bradford,
named Sabina Carey, has gained 5!.5 damages against a
young man who, while courting her, squeezed her hand so
hard as to break one of her fingers." If Sabina Carey's
young man had only been learned in the law he would
have married her out of hand before breaking her finger.
It is one of the privileges of a married man under our
wise laws to break his wife's head—or her heart—with
perfect immunity from the danger of damages—to him-
self.

State after State is yet to arise, and where the pro-
ductions for the support of society in the old crowded
States must be brought forth. Power is not to re-
side permanently on the eastern slope of the Alle-
ghany Mountains nor in the seaports, but will be
located in the Mississippi Valley and at the sources
of the Mississippi and the St. Lawrence. I now
believe, he continued, that the ultimate last seat of
Government on this great continent will be found
somewhere within a circle not far from St. Paul,
the head of the navigation on the Mississippi River.
The tide of emigration is now rapidly flowing in,
and will, no doubt, bring about this great change.
The estimated population of the United States (38
millions), at the present rate of emigration, will in
thirty years be 100 millions, and at least 60 per
cent. of that increase will be thrown into the West-
ern States." St. Paul, the city whose future is pre-
dicted as the seat of Government for the continent,
by such an authority as Mr. Seward, is already a
large and beautiful town, situated on a great bend
of the Mississippi (which is there bridged), contain-
ing,upwuds of 20,000 inhabitants. It is the centre
,ass Considerable trade, numerous steamers lie at the
wharf, and eleven railroads put down and carry off
passengers. Fourteen thousand tons of shipping be-
longed to the port in 1867, and the emigrant is sur-
prised to see so many vessels grouped at the docks
in a place he regarded' as the outskirts of civi-
lization. A railway connects St. Paul with Lake
Superior, running through a fertile portion of the
State, and laying open two millions of acres of rich
agricultural land. It is calculated that on this line
the freight of wheat alone will be from 12 to 20
millions bushels annually. An association is
now in operation to people this land, with an
office at NO. 1, Bartholomew House, Bartholomew-
lane; opposite the Bank of England. It offers homes
for emigrants on terms which will eventually pay,
though not perhaps at present, the proprietors of the
railroad. The United States' plan of peopling the
waste places is for the Government to grant alter-
nate sections for ten miles back along the road as
constructed, which gives a vastly increased value to
the half belonging to the Government. 'rho object
of the company then is to get the country on each
side their road settled as speedily as possible, for
every farm recovered from the waste adds to the
business of the line, and consequently to its value.
Those then who form this association are enabled
to kill two birds with one stone, for in offering farm
land in a charming country to hungry families at a
small cost, they add to the intrinsic worth of their
property in the direct proportion of the success of
those they plant along the line. The produce of
the State is mainly wheat, but very valuable crops
are raised of hay, Indian corn, potatoes, and oats.
In 1865 400,000 acres of wheat were harvested,
giving twelve millions of bushels, averaging all
round 30 bushels to the acre. This was a great
yield, though the soil is said to return 35 bushels
of wheat to the acre, of corn 40 to 50, and of
potatoes 300. aSugar maple is plentiful, much
being manufactured in 1867, together with 48,0001b5.
of tobacco. Honey and beeswax averaged from
21bs. to 4lbs. a hive. The lands along the bank
of the Upper Mississippi are covered with
forest, and of the S'. Croix, Crow Wing, and
Otter Tail Rivers, which employ about 3,000 lum-
ber-men. In 1866 the logs and lumber cut yielded
175,000,000 feet at St. Anthony and St. Croix,
where mills are at work which turn whole trunks of
trees into boards at one sawing. At St. Anthony there
are magnificent Falls, estimated by engineers to equal
120,000 horse power, and this is the centre of a most
fertile district. The Missouri plains, as well as the
country generally, grows good grass, well adapted
to depasture cattle and sheep. The oak openings
afford both splendid feed and shade ; the wool grows
finer a d in larger quantities than in the warmer
climes of the south ; while the number of days in
winter they require to be fed and sheltered is not
greater than in Ohio and in Southern Illinois. Un-
like such countries as Australia and New Zealand,
Minnesota abounds with game. Indeed, the valley
of the St. Croix is noted over America for its deer,
bear, turkeys, prairie fowl, pheasants, grouse ; wild
pigeons, and prairie chickens positively swarm. Oc-
casionally buffalo find their way into these prairies
and elk. The lakes and rivers are alive with fish,
from speckled trout to the largest pike, while
they are covered in winter with wild duck
and geese. Pickerel are caught weighing 20
pounds, and the trout are said to weigh in
some instances 301b5., white fish about 111bs.,
and carp about 4lbs. Although we have said that
Minnesota is nut noted for any scene grandly pictu-
resque, an exception must be made in favour of
the Falls of Minnehaha, four miles from St. Paul..
This, the most beautiful cascade in America, derives
an additional charm from LongfAlow's Hiawatha,
which in a measure has made it classic ground.
This State is reached in three days from any of the
great Atlantic ports by rail and by water, either up
the Mississippi or by the St. Lawrence, though of
course the time would be very much longer. Through
it will pass the Northern line to the Pacific ; indeed
the rail terminus of such a road must be in this
State, for here the water communication begins.
Instead, then, of being out of the way, it may not
only become a centre for Government, but a world's
highway. It was settled about 1846 by emigrants
from the Northern and Western States ; organized
as a Territory in 1819, and admitted into the Union
in 1857. From 1854 its increase was very rapid,
which has continued up to the present. It remains
for us now but to touch on the financial condition
of the State. At the commencement of 1867 its
funded debt, exclusive of unrecognized railroad
bonds, only amounted to $350,000, of which hut
half is held outside the State. It had then a claim
against the United States of $lOO,OOO ; and indeed
virtually it may be said to have no debt at all, being
in this respect in a strikingly favourable position
when contrasted with other communities in America.
The revenue for the year was estimated at $322,546,
and the balance in the Treasury was $68,189. The
taxable value of real and personal property returned
for 1865- 6, was $45,127,318 ; for 1866-7457,500,000.
The permanent school fund then amounted to
$1,333,161; the revenue was $109,935 ; the school
districts, 1,993 ; the school houses, 1,297 ; the
pupils, 52,753 ; the average daily attendance,
33,319. A university was opened at St. Anthony,
a thriving city, and a State Penitentiary at Still-
water, another rising town. There is a deaf and chain'
institution with 28 pupils. Around Lake Superior
there is abundance of copper and iron ore, also coal,
slate, building stone, and clay. It now furnishes
one-fourth of all the iron ore produced in the States,
upwards of 500,000 tons, which is so increasing that
it is expected in five years to reach a million tons.
The red pipe stone, of which the Indians make their
pipes, is found in this State. The next State we
purpose to discuss is Texas, going at a bound
from the North to the South of the Union.

At the fire (Dee. 24) at Briggs Brothers, in
Twenty-third-street and Sixth-avenue, New York, the
following were the horses destroyed :—" There were on
livery at the time some seventy private animals, embracing
a pair of bay mares belonging to Mi. Lo Fevre ; a pair of
bay geldings, belonging to Mr. Platt; a pair of black trot-
ters of Mr. Ifoadlay's ; a Henry Clay horse of Mr.
Osborne's ; Mr. Ross's sorrel colt Whirlpool, a promising
three-year-old ; a four-in-hand of Mr. Palmer's ; black
and bay coach teams, the property of Messrs. William P.
and Ferdinand Earle; a saddle pony and black team of
Mr. Slaughter's ; Mr. Frazer's two road mares ; a carriage
team of Mr. Thompson's ; a pair of greys of Mr. Ballard's ;
a road team of Mr. Hotchkiss's, of St. James's Hotel ; a
black mare of Mr. Read's, of the Ho►fman House, for which
51,000 was recently paid ; Mr. Arkenburg's carriage team;
while road and saddle horses were lost by Messrs. Lappin,
Jones, Merritt, Lawrence, Beach, Martin, Dodge, and many
others. The Briggs Brothers lost sixty animals."

A telegram, dated Berlin, Jan. 29, was to the
effect that the editors and jnurnalists of Berlin had
adopted, upon the suggestion of Herr Berth old Auerlach,
an address to General Grant, to 1s presented to him upon
his assuming the of ica of President of the United States,
requesting him to take the initiative in a bill for the mutual
protection of literary and artistic property in America and
Germany. The various literary societies of Germany
have also been Invited to unite with .the Berlin editors in
this matter.

DUNVILLE and Co., Belfast, are the largest
holders of Whisky in the world. Their Old Irish Whisky is to
commended by the medical profession in preference to French
Brandy. Supplied in casks and cases for home use or exports
tion. Quotations on application to Messrs. Danville and Co.,
Belfast; or 4, Beaufort-buildings, Strand, Loudon W.Q —[Ad-
Tortisement.]