The Sun.
London, England, 1860-07-03 00:00:00

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ties hardly less painful than pleasant to the heart-
-snit exile.

APRIL 26.
Today a naval expedition advanced upon Ting-
hae. To see the steamships from Ta-outse harbour
pass Tea Island was a fine sight. The Duchayla
(French flagship) led the way, and was followed by
the Peiho, the Imperieuse, the Adventure, and the
Peninsular and Oriental steamship we noticed yes-
terday in harbour. John Chinaman of the lium- •
boat genus was most persevering in his inquiries as
to the number of our " picey steamers." I asked
if there would be any fighting at Chusan, and the
reply was invariably, " We no fightey, we like gold
more." Our approach is welcomed at Chusan no
less than it was upon the former occasion. The
islanders either conceal their feelings like con-
summate actors or are glad to see us, and the
more dollars the merrier. Upon the arrival of
the steamships at Tinghae 100 men were landed
to act as police, under the superintendence of a
military magistrate. . The transports will be
towed up to-morrow (Sunday), and the troops pro-
vided with one day's rations cooked and two un-
cook( d, and will disembark, I believe, upon the same
day. The French land 500 men. So Chusan yields
without a struggle. The Chusan Brigade is to be
employed simply as one of oocupation. We turn
our eyes homeward, and, after thoroughly en-
joying Mr. Gladstone's Budget, observe how
pacific China affairs look. " Ten to one if there
will be a pucka' war after all," says the sub-
altern who meditates returning home this winter
for "urgent private affairs "—viz., a Christmas
dinner and the Italian Opera. Not a peace or war-
worn captain, longing to purchase a campaign at
the price of an earthen bed, sleepless nights in
dreary trenches, short rations, and whistling shells
and bullets, will accept the sporting offer.
At an early hour on Sunday the Pearl telegraphed
" Prepare to weigh," and at noon we were all an-
chored off the port of Tinghae. Nothing but the
most vexatious delay marked our progress. An order
was promulgated that the troops should land at
once, and then came a counter order. The French
seized the opportunity afforded by our procrastina-
tion and disembarked their Marines, who rushed
triumphantly with their baggage up the steep,
where they safely ensconsed themselves in our old
fortified hospitdl. They have, as usual, got the start
of us. We have taken a gate or two, and they are
masters of a fortress. If our soldiers and sailors
are somewhat dissatisfied no one can wonder. It
is no secret that the French were desirous of occupy-
ing Chusan with their own troops. To have per-
mitted them to take and to occupy it, if they chose,
for good, might have been our wisest policy. Our
army might be better employed, and have an op-
portunity of winning fresh laurels in the north.
TINGHAE, QHUSAN, APRIL 26.
A regular mail is established to run, pro tern.,
from Chusan to Shanghae ; I have therefore an op-
portunity of sending you a letter, which ought to
catch the one which I despatched in a hurry on the
23d by the Grenada. It was very doubtful on Sa-
turday (April 20) whether there would be fighting
here or not. The mandarin seemed to be resolved
to fight, and therefore no time was lost in moving
up our troops on the Sunday, prepared to land at
once if their services should be required. The
Scout was to have taken up her position under
the joss-house, fortified, and now occupied by Eng-
lish and French Marines, and to have furnished
her quota of 40 men towards the storming party,
with ropes and scaling ladders. A large number
of the Chinese Coolie Corps and some Sappers
landed on the 24th. They are now busily engaged
in carrying gunpowder, gun carriages, and various
other stores into the town, which is about
a mile beyond the port, and in preparing
the various joss-houses for the reception of our
troops. One joss-house has been very considerately
left to the natives, so that they can still "chin-chin"
the Devil. The Royal Artillery are to occupy the
Loo-shin Temple, the Royal Engineers the City
Guardians' Yanurn. Our old hospital is to act as a
barrack for Royal Marines, and the Chinese Coolie
Corps is to inhabit the outbuildings. The Mars is
taken up for the present as a hospital ship, and all
the other transports will leave in a few days' time
for Hon.. Kong. Captain Gritton, R.M., has been
appointed military magistrate. There is plenty of
sport in the way of shooting on the island, and
large parties frequent the paddy-fields daily in quest
of snipe and wild fowl. The market is dear com-
pared with that of Hong Kong. Meat is 6d. per
lb. ; bottled beer is 18s. per dozen. The appearance
of a large armed force must have tended to raise the
prices.

PRICE 4D. STAMPED, 5D

in Southern Italy, 48 hours will see the flag of
liberty floating on the walls of St. Elmo.
Bombino, in the meantime, lies sick at Portici,
suffering from a stomach-ache. There he daily
receives his Ministers in bed ; but their coun-
cils do not appear to be agreeable or unani-
mous. One hour a report reaches the fevered
city that a constitution is about to be proclaimed ;
the next it is drawn back from—l believe
finally. Bah ! what constitution can be offered at
this late hour that would be accepted by the people
from their persecutors. Moreover, it was said this
farce was to be enacted in order to permit the police
and paid lazzaroni to do their will of pillage—dire
is the fear. But this can never he while happily the
splendid ships of France and England rest in the
Bay ; persuaded am I there is not a man or officer
who would not stop such perfidy. Five hundred ma- I
rincs would take the city. But such things cannot
last ; for, while many are half-starved, those who
had some means through honest labour are fast
losing what they had from an utter stagnation of
commerce and retail business.
Curious, almost incredible, but not the;less abomi-
nable, scenes are enacting in the barracks of Castel-
lamare and elsewhere by the paid hirelings of the
King, called soldiers, in military attire ; not that I
blame them so much as their officers, for they are
utterly uneducated and ignorant, and allowed to re-
main so purposely. Hundreds of these wretches have
returned from Palermo gorged with plunder, which
they are daily offering for sale. Jewels of great
value, concealed in their muskets, are to be had for
carlines ; and it is a well-known fact that one
brute_produced a female hand adorned with rings,
which he states he had not time to draw off, How
different the conduct of Garibaldi ! All the plunder
he rescued from these miscreants he has returned
to those from whom it was pillaged ; while on the
articles taken from the churches Garibaldi has
caused to be inscribed—" These articles were stolen
by the troops of Francis 11., by his permission when
fighting against their brothers ; and were restored
by the filibuster Garibaldi, fighting for the freedom
of Sicily," or words to that effect. What say ye,
gentlemen of England—Who has the real heart of
a king?
The chief of the police has been recently changed
—that is, one Mensurati has succeeded Silvestri. I
am told the change is only in name, the " rati" is as
bad as the " estri."

JUNE 26.
On the night of yesterday, the Nth, a cloudless
sky and bright moon shone over the city of Naples
—all nature was calm, brilliant, and beautiful—but
men's hearts were ill at ease ; people gathered to-
gether in the cafes with anxious faces; scarce an
open space but contained a mounted and dismounted_
piquet of cavalry—scarce a street without an ii-
fantry patrol. For several previous nights there
was reason to believe a constitution would be pro-
claimed, and a new ministry announced to the peo-
ple, but it came not ; and the sun of the 25th went
down, and the moon rose, and the early morning of
the 26th arrived, and the people once more went
home to their feverish coaches.

THE .BRITISH ARMY IN CHINA.

(From the Times' Correspondent.)

CHUSAN, APRIL 23.
You will have learnt, I suspect, long before this
letter reaches you, that on the 30th of March th©
Adventure, the Scout, with the Tasmania and the
Walmer Castle, and the Simoom, with the Octavia
and Mars in tow, left Hong Kong. f(intang is the
rendezvous of our transports and ships of war. The
island lies between the west end of Chusan and the
Ningpo river, and possesses only one good and small
harbour—viz., that of Ta-outse, which affords an-
chorage in from seven to ten fathoms. Ido not
know what the weather has been on land during
the last few weeks, but I have a lively remembrance
of the weather at sea. Half gales and gales of
wind have followed one another in rapid succession.
The voyage from Victoria to the " Silver Island" is
sufficiently monotonous. The coast line is rocky
and barren, dull and dreary. The little Botelto-
bago, Formoza, Video, and Fisherman's Group rise
up like an oasis in the desert waste of waters. As
we crawled along northwards the weather grew
colder, and the thermometer fell as low as 68,1
degrees. I never saw before so many land birds
at sea. The little chimney swallow flew for days
about our ports and rigging, and was easily cap-
tured by the hand of the amateur naturalist, who
strove in vain to keep his feathered visitor alive.
Our only other feathered companion was the gar-
rulous sparrow, who, believing discretion to be the
better part of valour, sat on the muinyard, but we
could hear occasionally the shrill cry of the snipe,
blown away by boisterous gales from his home
among the reeds of marsh and river.

- I have explored the town of Tinghae. It is sur-
rounded by a large wall, which you enter by four
massive gates, hardly less venerable-looking than
those at Virinchester. The streets arc about two
yards in with h, and there is an air of poverty about
the shops. Tailors abound, and the drapers seem
to be in the most flourishing circumstances. I sat
for a few minutes in a barber's shop, where two
haircutters were operating on two heads. Around
the walls of the room hung illustrations from the
Illustrated London News and Pictorial Times. A
gentleman pays 100, a shopkeeper 30, and a poor
man 10 cash for being shaved. The joss-houses
are the most interesting sights by far. They are
all dark, and many of the horrible gods manufac-
tured of wood, either painted or gilded, are 30 feet
or more in height. The majority are armed with
swords or snakes, and look daggers, while others
touch the guitar. In the inner court of ono
temple we found some alms-houses full of reli-
gious widows, or widows who, not choosing to
marry again, have thrown themselves upon their
church for support. They have had one day's notice
to quit from the Engineer Department. The channel
which passes through the town is now covered
daily with boats, containing the families frightened
away by our approach, with all their household
goods and gods. On all the gates of the town
are pasted mandarin proclamations. John China-
man translates them, " Chinaman no kick up a bob-
bery, Englishman no fightey Chinaman."
I called on a Chinese mandarin with some friends
a few days ago. Our courier led the way. The draw-
ing-room was poorly furnished. The well-polished
ckairs looked antique, and the walls were adorned
as usual with inscriptions. Are were soon sur-
rounded by a retinue of servants and the mandarin
appeared in the midst laughing and smiling. He
then took us across a court-yard to another part of
the house, and, opening two large doors, we saw a
small garden with a little grotto of rockwork, In
the centre of which was a small stone ehair and
table. Before it was a tank full of Ash, and at the
the side was a gallery of pencil sketches, very
valuable, no doubt, in the eyes of the possessor.
Now we sat down, and some cups of tea were
brought in, upon which, oceording to instructions,
we stood up and chinchinned the mandarin, sitting
down again when he resumed his seat. We asked
for some flowers, beautiful, though scentless, and
they were plucked from a tree heavy with blossom.
Some were pink and pale, about the size of mag-
nolias, others were deep and bright as pomegranate
blossoms. The Chinese are as jealous as all
Oriental nations about the privacy of the female
members of their household. Stray glances, how-
ever, have given me glimpses ofsome of the fairest
and prettiest faces I ever saw in my life.
At one of the gates of the city stands a roulette-
table, hourly thronged chubby by children gam-
bling for lollypops. Not far off a man is preparing
opium, and in yonder dark room three men with
ghastly faces, stretched at full length on couches
covered with grass mats, are smoking it, The
market is full of live stock. Here are eels, and
there are water snakes looking green and loathsome
in my eyes, but very inviting in those of John
Chinaman. The wooden candlesticks in shop win-
dows aro curious. They are simply socket]ess
sticks in wooden platters, and when I buy one the
shopkeeper hammers a nail into the top, on which
I am to drive my cane-wicked candles-16 for
a shilling. The picture-frames of carved wood are
both pretty and curious. The price which I am
asked is 3 dols. a frame, and I know that after a
ners have b
little bargaining I could get three frames for 2 doll.
For the lastl few nights the mari _
propitiating Jess with guns, gongs, and burning
paper, which is dropped out of the stern of the
pink and floated away by the
Nothing is yet aboutknowrltide.
the:movement of the
the arrival of
everything depends upon
believe that Chusan will, in the
Lord troops,
E andlgveN
thatentof only a campaign in the north, become a depot,
and 500 men, furnished in all probability
by sonic Indian native Corps,
addition to the European Will remain there in
Military police. The
islanders have no means of defending themselves,
they are naturally poor and peaceable, and as trade
is inconsiderable,
they only consult their own in-
terests in keeping
the peace.

On the morning of the 23d of April we dropped
anchor in a fog of peasoup thickness, among the
islands about Kintang. Fog-horn, bell, bugle, and
the sharp report of a nine-pounder rang out an in-
tervals, making melancholy music in the ears of
those who were within pistol-shot. Our guns met
at last with a response, and we knew from the
salute of four guns and sound of the bell that there
was a war steamship somewhere at hand. As the
fog cleared off a little we saw the Walmer Castle
standing outside the channel, and within half a
mile of us lay at anchor the unsightly barque Cressy,
of London, containing part of the 67th Regment,
and that fine, black, wicked-looking screw corvette
the Pearl now flew past,—ono of those dare-devil
Peninsular and Oriental mail steamers, en route, I
suppose, for Shanghai. One would have thought
that she was ploughing on the sunniest day the
waters of the safest channel in the world.
Nothing is more striking than the contrast be-
tween the inhabitants of the south and north of this
vast empire. There can be no doubt but that a hot
climate deteriorates gradually the powers of man,_
both physical and mental. The China rebel is weak
and puny compared with the Tartar. Even the
inhabitants of this coast and island world cannot
be compared with the denizens of Victoria. They
are strong and sturdy, with a full muscular develop-
ment. The majority are tall, and in manner won-
derfully vivacious. Hardship, outdoor exercise,
and simple fare have developed their figure. Opium
has not shattered their constitution, nor lent them
that intensely apathetic, stupid expression of
countenance common to the votaries of the drug.
With less ingenuity in the arts of peace, they
are not less energetic nor fortunate in the art
of war. Thousands combine the trade of fisher
and pirate. The smaller junk is the servant of
the larger, and the wreck of the merchantman
is the prey of both. Possession is the whole,
and not nine-tenths, of the law of China. The
fisherman seldom makes use of the net, but sets
deep sea lines (similar to those employed in the
Newfoundland and Mediterranean fisheries), which
are attached to buoys, plainly marked by a rude
flag and flagstaff. Every fishing juric is furnished
with two boats, and the fish captured is transferred
to one or other of the numerous compartments or
tanks into which its deck is divided. Monster cod-
fish and conger eels, which are by no means coarse
to my mind, but capital eating, abound. A few days
ago we longed for a few fresh fish, and despatched
a foraging party in quest of some. At the sight of
the western barbarians, looking very ferocious in
their long beards, moustaches, and whiskers, John
Chinaman beat a precipitate retreat, lashing the
water in the national way, alternately with bow
and stroke oar. It was a glorious race, and caused
great laughter, our Jack Tars, though compelled to
give up the chase, enjoying the fun immensely. At
noon on the 24th we all weighed anchor, for the
fog, dense as a London November one, drifted away
before the rising breeze, while from out the gray
clouds peeped the sky blue as turquoise. As it grew
dark we again anchored in the Tacshan channel'
and a storm came up from the north. Rain fell
heavily, thunder roared afar, and the vivid sheet
lightning gave us momentarily a splendid view of
sea and sky, ship and mountain.
Owing partly to the uncertain orders given by
the Pearl, and an adverse tide running from four-
and-a-half to five knots, we did not get under way
much before dusk on the 24th, when we were towed
'until 10 30 p.m. The Pearl fired on approaehing
Ta-outse harbour the usual salute of 11 guns, which
was returned with a salute of seven by the oo.gun
frigate Imperieuse. We steamed past the harbour
at four p.m. Catching, a glimpse of the ships
at anchor, there were the Adventure, the Roe-
buck, the Scout, 21 guns, the Tasmania, the
Octavia, and an Oriental and Peninsular steamer,
with gunboats French and English. Two gun-
boats led the way, and we anchored at dusk in
Bell Channel, passing the Pciho, bound for
Ta-outse harbour with French marines. The
island of Kingtag never looked more beautiful:
All the lower ranges of its irregular hills, look-
ing like a succession of gigantic mole hills, and
covered with tea plantations, shone out so green
that one's eyes rejoiced in tie brightness of the
colour. The small villages with their many neatly-
thatched mud cottages and few houses of staring
red brick, half hidden in the grey wreaths of smoke
curling along the valley, the fresh and fragrant
breeze blowing off the land, the blithe music of the
song birds, and el-en the monotonous, yet loud and

PROGRESS OF THE GREAT EASTERN.

The American packet ship City of Boston, which
arrived in Liverpool on Saturday, reports that on
the 2d of June, in lat 45, long. 30, she exchanged
signals with the Great Eastern, which had the fore
and aft sails all set, and sho was making good pro-
gress through the water.
The following are the reports made by the diffe-
rent vessels which have spoken the Great Eastern,
and by comparing them an estimate may be easily
formed as to her rate of progress :
NaraeofVessel.l Day. Hour. Lat•_l Long.

Marco Polo June 20 Noon.
S. Gildersleve „ 20 4 0 p.m,
Cosocoro „ 20 j 6 30
Tusc.orora 2O j 8 0 „
City of Boston „ 22 . 4 0

47.48 N.
47.12 N.
46.50 N.
4728 N.
45,50 N.

22.50 W.
24.30 W.
24'40 W.
25.10 Iv,
30' IV.