The Sun.
London, England, 1860-05-02 00:00:00

and brutal manner, the officers joining in the work.
It has been for some days asserted that GARIBALDI
has sailed for the Island, with about 200 coadjutors.
That he left Genoa by sea with about that number
of his most venturous followers, seems not to admit
of a doubt; and for what other place he can have
left it is not easy to conceive. It has been long be-
lieved, with no little probability, that Count CAVOUR
is at the bottom of the rising in Sicily. It is known
that the population there only waited a word from
him to do so ; but whether he has on this occasion
given that word is of course uncertain. Should
GARIBALDI appear amongst the Sicilian patriots,
they will not want a leader who is almost an army
in himself, especially in giterilla warfare. The
Neapolitan government would assuredly give
almost any price for his head, but it may
turn out that, small as his means in Sicily will be,
he can use it for better purposes than enriching
butchers and assassins: Just now those who sym-
pathise most with the insurgents fear that they
must be so nearly out of ammunition and provisions
that they can hardly hold out long, and we confess
our fears predominate. Surely, however, the reign
of such a young brute as the present monarch
cannot be long. The suppression of political, even
of municipal, action is indeed complete; no man
dares tell his mind to his neighbour for fear of
an informer ; the people are not suffered to
congregate in any number. Even the Uni-
versities are not allowed to receive the youth
from the country, lest they should become centres
of discussion. Yet one would think that oppressed
human nature would at length burst loose with a
fatal crash, and destroy for ever a Government
which is the disgrace of Europe.

So, then, Berwick is also to be broiled on the
Commission Gridiron, Mr. PEEL demands it, and
the house awards it. Much the better may Ber-
wick be for it, and much the better may we all be
for the torturing of another delinquent constitu-
ency. It is impossible not to ask, with so many
members, Cui boncil The commissions are costly
prosecutions ofa crime which, no one doubts, the con-
viction is certain on the plan adopted, but that
very plan necessitates indemnity for the guilty.
No Englishmen, except those belonging to the Wes-
leyan Conference—a conference of Popes—would
ever tolerate compelling a man to answer questions,
which f the reply proved his guilt, would bring on
him a penalty. We may be over jealous of permit-
ting any man to be questioned with a view to his
conviction and punishment, but it is so completely
the safe side, so ingrained into our elementary con-
ceptions of liberty, that the most despotic judge
who could sit on our Bench would not tolerate
such questions for a moment.
It seems therefore almost impossible to render a
Commission of inquiry thoroughly efficient ; either
we must abandon compulsion to give evidence, or
we must compel the evidence, but grant impunity
to the man who gives it. The House of Commons
in its wisdom in regard to " corrupt practices at
elections" thinks the evidence of more value, than
the remote chance of convicting in but a few
We are not prepared to say it is
Unmasking the criminal ought
to be, and in some cases is, punishment
enough ; while, if we had to rely on such evidence
as could be obtained without compulsory confes-
sion. most of the criminals, the greatest especially,
would certainly escape. The real question, there-
fore, is, whether the infliction of the penalty of
publishing to all England the bribery of which a
man has been guilty, or the bribes which he has
taken, is a punishment worth the cost of the com-

cases.
not so.

mission.
The two last commissions cost the country in
round numbers—Gloucester fifteen hundred, and
Wakefield two thousand pounds. Has the country
received a quid pro quo for that expense ? Lord
PALMERSTON thinks we have. We confess we
should like to see the quid. The prosecution, with
doubtful results, of two or three individuals who
would not " make a clean breast of it," or who may
have perjured themselves, is but a very meagre
result. Indeed we may say that the exposure of
the individual, and the furnishing materials for
legislation are all that we. have gained. If those
materials be not used, the total result, as Mr.
BRIGHT said, is really nil.
We cannot, however, object to the decision of
the House. Had we been in it we should have
voted for the commission. While the law stands as
it does it is all that can be done. Little enough, yet
better for the purposes of reformers than nothing.
We have at least the weight of cumulative evidence
in favour of something more efficient than the
present Act. We have proof upon proof that its pro-
visions can be evaded in the most gross and barefaced
manner. We have proof that the election com-
mittees are what, indeed, we might know them to
be without proof, little better than solemn farces—
tribunals which can pronounce elections pure,
which are afterwards found to have been carried
by the grossest corruption—and candidates ignorant
of the malpractices, who are afterwards shown to
be the very fountain of them. This is something ;
it will surely at length coerce decent men into the
adoption of the only and well known effectual
remedy.
The debate will, we should think, compel the
Prime Minister and the Attorney-General to lose
no time in bringing the offenders at Wakefield,
who can be prosecuted, to justice. Strange that
none can be found in Gloucester also. But it is
surely high time to do something better in conse-
quence of the reports of these costly commissions
than prosecute a casual evader of questions. The
boroughs must be dealt with. In the case
of Galway, the House of Commons refused to
disfranchise the delinquent voters, considering dis-
franchisement as a penalty, and therefore a viola-
tion of the indemnity. Perhaps as the Act stands
they are right ; common sense however teaches that
it is not a penalty in the sense that a fine
and imprisonment would be. It is simply a
refusal to employ a person again in a capacity in
which he has been proved by his extorted confes-
sion, unfaithful. He has given no fresh proof of
his fitness to use a vote aright, and the Act
ought to be se far amended, as to place it
in the power of the house to disfranchise
the individual—we say the individual, because the
country could never be induced to disfranchise the
large and respectable part of a constituency for the
venality,of a third or fourth of the electors. Even
suspension of the writ for one or two elections
would be hard on such persons, though it may be
desirable.
We trust, however, that the last of these com-
missions, and the revelations they make, with the
difficulty of acting on them, will open the eyes of all
respectable members to the necessity of a real, an
efficient ballot. We know, that to many of them, the
idea of losing their personal influence at an election
is very painful, and they shrink from it. But let
them be consoled, if the influence be what it ought
to be. If it be the influence of character, of abi-
lity, and of liberal views on public questions, their
influence will be as great as ever. Most members lay
claim to such qualifications. If they do so justly,
they need not fear the Ballot; if not, they ought
to be subjected to that test.

Lord and Lady Vernon are staying at the Pavilion
Hotel, Folkestone.

Yesterday was the birthday of his Royal High-
ness Prince Arthur, It was kept privately at Buckingham
Palace, owing to the mourning for the late Prince of Ho-
henlohe-Lan genbourg.

Their Royal Highnesses the Princess Alice,
Prince Alfred, and .the Princesses Helena and Louisa, at-
tended by the Viscountess Jocelyn, Lady Caroline Barring-
ton, Lord Charles Fitzroy, and Major Cowell, honoured the
performance at the Haymarket Theatre last evening with
their presence.

Their Royal Highnesses Prince Arthur and
Prince Leopold, attended by Lieutenant-Colonel Ponsonby
and Major Elphinstone, honoured the performance at the
Olympic Theatre with their presence last evening.

The Countess Dowager of Glasgow and Miss
Catherine Sinclair have arrived at 18, Chesham-place, for
the season. The Hon. George Frederick and Mrs. Boyle
are staying with the countess.
Viscountess Palmerston has issued cards for as-
semblies on Saturday next, and on Saturday, the 12th in-
stant.

Viscount and Viscountess Combermere are ex-
pected to arrive in Belgrave-square, to-day, from Comber-
mere Abbey.

Sir James and Lady Anne Mackenzie have left
Claridge's Hotel for Sherbocne Lodge, near Aldershot.

General Inglis arrived at the Pavilion Hotel,
Folkestone, on Monday, from Paris.
HER MAJESTY'S THEA.TRE.—The house was well
attended last evening. In the Queen's box we observed
Lord and Lady Cremorne, Hr. E.:Stanley, Mr. Stanley, and
Miss Stanley. Among the distinguished visitors were the
Marquis of Bath, the Marchioness of Ailesbury, the Earl of
Wilton and party, the Earl and Countess of Cardigan,
Lord and Lady Astley, Lord and Lady John Russell, Lord
and Lady Mountcharles, Lord and Lady Mary Craven,
Lord Chelsea, Lord Stracey, Lord Hardwicke, the Dowager
Countess of Harrington, the Countess of Waldegrave,
Baron and Baroness do Rothschild, Viscount Sydney, the
Hon. Otway Toler, Sir George Bowes, Sir John Lowther,
Colonel and Mrs. INl'Donald, Colonel Tyrwhitt, Colonel
and Mrs. Freestun, Major Pole, Major Blake, Mr. Hunter
Blair, Captain Craycroft. Mr. and Miss Robarts, Harman
Grieswood, Esq., Mr. and. Mrs. Scheneley, the Rajah Du-
leap Sing, Mrs. Gardiner, A. Hook, Esq., Begrez, Esq.,
Josephs, Esq„ Mr. Posns, Mr. Joel, F. Cooper, Mrs.
Julian Pauncefole, Mrs. Graham Smith, R. Knightly,
Esq., Mrs. Wheeler, Mr. and Mrs. Harvey Lewis, Mr.
Sergeant Ballantine, &c.

IVIIITTINGTON CLUB.—A grand volunteer ball,
under the patronage of Viscount Ranelagh, colonel of the
South Middlesex Volunteers, and other distinguished
officers, was given last evening at the Whittington Club.
The arrangements were excellent, and as a consequence the
affair went off in a spirited manner. Upwards of 300 visitors
joined in the exercises of the ball-room, and indemnified
themselves with an excellent supper. Every metropolitan
corps was represented on the occasion, and the variety of
uniforms, augmented by a few of the " regulars," gave a
general liveliness to the scene, while it afforded means of
comparative criticism to the on-looker. The festivities did
not terminate until that late hour which is indefinitely de-
scribed as rather an early hour.

DEATH OF LADY GEORGE BERESFORD.—This
ladydied a fewdays since at Gillingham Hall, near Becclas.
Her ladyship was daughter of the late Mr. Schutz, and mar-
ried, in 1808, Lord George T. Beresford, G.C.H., sort of
the first Marquis of Waterford, who died in 1839.

The mortal remains of Baron de Bruck lay in
state on the 25th, and the two following days, in an open
coffin in the principal Protestant church at Vienna. It was
dressed in his minister's uniform, and all his decorations
were placed on two cushions at the foot of the coffin. An
immense crowd of persons walked in the deepest silence
round the catafalque.

General de Failly has arrived in Paris. He is
the first of the generals of the army of Italy who has re-
titrned to France ; the others are expected shortly to follow.

The son of the unfortunate General Ortega,
after having petitioned in vain for his father's life, has left
Spain for Rome, to take service under Gen. Lamoriciere.

The Pays mentions as a rumour, -which has
created a great sensation, a proposal said to have been
made by the Count de Montemolin and his brother, Don
Ferdinand, to renounce their legitimist pretensions, and to
recognise Queen Isabella as the lawful sovereign of Spain.
Mr. MASON JONES.—The young Irish orator,
whose lectures excited great attention last season, is an-
nounced to give an oration on the late Lord Macaulay, the
Essayist, Historian, Orator, and Poet, at Willis's Rooms,
on Monday evening next, May 7.

There is a talk of a journal in the French lan-
guage being brought out in Rome, with M. Louis Veuillot
for editor.

THE POPE'S IRISH TRIBUTE.—The collection in

Cork yesterday realised £1,050, odd shillings and pence,
which, added to the sum posted on the day of the prelimi-
nary meeting, makes a grand total of about £2,500 from the
capital of Munster.
GOVERNMENT EMIGRATION.—The Government

emigrant vessel Tudor, 1,064 tons, Capt. H. Armstrong,
belonging to Mr. T. Teighe, of London, which sailed from
Southampton on the 3d Dec., arrived at Algoa Bay, Cape
of Good Hope, on the 22d Feb., with 36 married couples,
114 single men, 74 single women, 18 boys between the ages
of one and 12, 19 girls between the same ages, three male
and three female infants—making a total of 303 souls, equal
to 278 statute adults, under charge of Surgeon-Superinten-
dent Vim. Campbell. Three births and 16 deaths (children)
occurred during the voyage.
THE FIRE AT THE SAILORS' HOME.—INQIYEST.—.
A THIRD DEATH.—LIVERPOOL, Tuesday.—Yesterday an
inquest was held before the Borough Coroner on the bodes
of the two men, Robert Hardiker and Joseph Clarke, the
victims of the disastrous fire at the Sailors' Home. Nothing
not already known was elicited from the witnesses exa-
mined, and the jury returned a verdict of accidental death
in both instances. Late last evening Mr. Williams, super-
intendent of the Home, was informed of the death of John
Gillis, mate of the ship Dermot, who assisted the superin-
tendent materially on the morning of the fire, and was
considerably burnt.
SAD AFFAIR IN VIRGINIA.—A letter to the
Richmond Despatch from Harrisonburg, Virginia, states
that a Mr. Sites was married in that county a few nights
ago to a Miss Devier, and that a party of young men at:
tempted to serenade the new couple with tin pans, bells, &c.
James Devier, a brother of the bride, went out and remon-
strated, when the serenaders took to their heels ; he, how-
ever, pursued them, when one of them, named Smallwood,
shot him dead.
In the Chamber of Deputies at Nassau a few days
days ago the report of the committee on petitions for and
against the Concordat was presented, and gave rise to a very
animated discussion. The Chamber eventually adopted
unanimously, with the exception of five votes, a resolution
proposed by the committee requesting the government--1,
to abstain from concluding a concordat or any convention
of the kind with the Holy See ; 2, to regulate the relations
between the Roman catholic church and the state by means
of a bill according the widest liberty of conscience ; and 3,
to examine the question whether it would not be desirable
to come to a provisional arrangement with 1i ome respecting
the nomination to vacant catholic parishes.

SWALLOWS IN PARIS.—A number of persons
assembled a few days since near the new square of the In-
nocents, at Paris, watching the movements of a flock of
swallows that were flying about apparently in great bewil-
derment, and uttering cries of distress. Since their flight
at the beginning of the winter in search of a more genial
clime, all the wooden sheds which formed the old market,
and under the eaves of which they had been in the habit
of finding shelter, have been demolished, and the poor tra-
vellers on arriving were at a less where to pitch on other
convenient quarters.

THE WEATHER.— LIVERPOOL, TUESDAY.—A
most beneficent change has taken place in the weather in
this town and neighbourhood. The cold, hard atmosphere
that has existed for weeks past and checked vegetation very
seriously, has been gradually giving way for the last two or
three days, and the heart of the husbandman, florist, and
all who have a patch of ground in which they take an in-
terest in cultivating, must have been gladdened by the
rainfall of Sunday, the geniality of yesterday, and the bright
sunshine and warmth. May has opened beautifully. A
few days like the present, and the scarcity of vegetables
and consequent dearness which excludes them from the table
cf the poor man will soon give place to plenty and cheap-
ness. The improvement in the weather has already caused
prices in our corn market to recede a trifle.

LONDON RIFLE BRIGADE.—A meeting of the
council was held at headquarters yesterday—the Lord
Mayor in the chair, The chairman announced that his
Royal highness the Duke of Cambridge, Honorary Colonel
to the London Rifle Brigade, had fixed Saturday next, at
five p.m., for an inspection of the regiment on the Parade-
ground, Horse Guards. It is expected that this oorps,which
numbers above 1,600 members, will muster as many as
1,200 strong at the inspection. Lord Grosvenor, Lieut.-
Col. Commandant of the Queen's Westminster Volunteer
Corps, has kindly consented to keep the ground. The coun-
cil recommended Major Vera Close for nomination to her
Majesty's Court of Lieutenancy as Lieut.-Colonel of the
second battalion.

SOCIETY OF ARTS CONYERSAZIONE.--The first
conversazione of this session took place on Saturday even-
ing at the house of the Society of Arts in John-street,
Adelphi. The principal attraction of the evening was a col-
lection of upwards of 200 miniatures and drawings by the
late Sir William Ross, It A., which were hung round the
walls of the great room. This collection is now open for
public exhibition. In the model-room were collected a
variety of new and ingenious inventions, and there was an
extensive display of bronzes and other ornamental works
lent by Messrs. Elkington and Messrs. Jackson and
Graham. Several of the tables were covered with the
microscopes of Messrs. Ross, Baker, Pillischer, and Varley,
and the stereoscopes of Messrs. Murray and Heath, in
which some objects of unusual interest were shown; and
Messrs. Mapple and Co., exhibited an electric clock on a
novel principle. Some photographs burnt in on glass and
porcelain were contributed by M. Joubert ; and some re-
markable specimens of copper ore and malachite from
Australia by Professor Tennant. At intervals during the
evening Mr. Charles T. Jones exhibited an sxyhydrogen
apparatus, with a series of beautiful photographic views of
Egypt.

LORD PALMERSTON AND TOsM SAYERS.—The
Sporting Life says—lf rumour speak true (and we would
not have even one of her hundred tongues prove false in the
case) the ever-young and jaunty Premier recently gave way
to an honest, open-hearted, and generous ebullition of feel-
ing when the name of the gallant little English champion
was mentioned. It is said that while the Home Secretary
was assuring the house, in heavy phrase, of the illegality of
prize-fighting, a gallant sporting member was busily en-
gaged in the Library collecting a " purse " for the cham
pion. Lord Palmerston, happening to come in, was in-
stantly accosted by the amateur collector with " I want a
sovereign for Tom Sayers." "A • sovereign for Sayers !
splendid fellow I I'll give you five." Ile was, however, told
that the subcription was lirnired to one sovereign each,
which ho paid with a sort of subdued alacrity, observing—
" I have great pleasure in giving it, but I wish you would
let me make it five."

BENGAL ARMY.---The officers of the Bengal arwy
are now employed in the following manner :-202 Q. 14 fur-
lough, 56 on civil and political employ, 21 on the military
staff. 104 serving with regular regiments, 22 doing duty
with her Majes:y's European regimentg, 7 doing duty with
other corps of the Bengal army, ;ID on duty with discharged
soldiers proceeding to England, 15 with police corps, 10
with Commisstlr:at and stud, 25 with public works,surveys,
&e., 264 doing duty, miscellaneous 10, giving a total of 794.
The number of officers wanting to complete the eseablish.
meat on, the let of October, 189, was 131,

LATEST NEWS.

The following telegrams were received at Mr.
Reuter's office :

PARIS, MAY 2.

The Illoniteur of this morning publishes a note
of M. Thouvenel, of April 7, relative to the neutra-
lisation of Savoy. In this note M. Thouvenel con-
tests the pretensions of Switzerland, and declares
that France fully accepts the execution of article
92 of the final act of Vienna.

The Moniteur also announces the publication to-
morrow of another note of a later date than that
above-mentioned.

MARSEILLES, APRIL 30.

Letters from Naples to the 28th inst. confirm that
Carini had been taken by assault after three days'
fighting. The town had suffered greatly. The
Government states that only a few hundred insur-
gents remained to be pursued. Letters affirm, how-
ever, that the supplies of provisions to the towns
had been often intercepted. The recent struggles
had caused great excitement. The details are still
contradictory.

GENOA, MAY 1.

Advices have been received from Naples to the
28th ult., which state that the Ellecttico has
arrived at Naples from Palermo, bringing families
of the military. The insurgents were meditating
an attempt on Palermo. A column, which left
Messina on the 20th April, was engaged in serious
combats with the insurgents on the 21st and 22d
at Galati, which town was destroyed. The royal
troops fell back upon Messina. Another column,
under the command of General Lotiria, had left
Palermo in order to pursue Trapani. It was sup-
ported by two frigates.

MARSEILLES, MAY L

Letters from Naples to the 24th state that news
of a peaceful character had been received from
Sicily, contradicting that which had arrived by
way of Turin.

ROME, APRIL 28:

Prince Chigi, Colonel of the Papal Guard, has
tendered his resignation, in order to take service as
a simple gunner. General de Lamoriciere will re-
turn to Rome on the 2d of May.

CONSTANTINOPLE, APRIL 30.

The ..Tournal de Constantinople officially denies a
statement which has appeared in the Gazette de
Genoa, to the effect that steps have been taken by
Piedmont to obtain from the Porte the recognition
of the annexation of Central Italy.
The Duke of Brabant left to-day for Venice in
an English steamer which was offered to him by
Sir Henry Bulwer.

VIENNA, MAY 2.

The Wiener Zeitung of to-day contains an auto-
graph letter of the Emperor, dated the 26th ult.,
decreeing that the ecclesiastical affairs of the evan-
gelical portion of the army shall be under the ma-
nagement of military chaplains of both the Augs-
burg and Helvetic confessions. In each of the mili-
tary stations of Vienna, Verona, Ofen, Lemberg,
Prague, and Hermannstadt two military chaplains,
one of the Augsburg and one of the Helvetic con-
fessions, are to be appointed, who will occasionally
have to inspect the surrounding districts. In time
of war two evangelical military chaplains are to be
added to the clerical establishment in the hospitals
of the operating armies.

VIENNA, MAY 1.

The TViener Zeitung of to-day publishes an auto-
graph letter of the Emperor, dated the 29th ult.,
containing the following appointments :—To the
dignity of Extraordinary Councillors of State for
life ; Archbishop itauscher, Prince Adolph Schwar-
zenberg, General Francis Prince von Lichtenstein,
Prince Vincenz von Auersberg, Count Hartig,
General Haller, Count Apponyi, Field-Marshal-
Lieutenant Degenfeld, and Baron Sokesevits.
The Emperor's letter also contains 38 appoint=
ments of Extraordinary Temporary Councillors of
State, among which are the following Hungarian
gentlemen :—Vay, Mayloth, Somsich, Burgomaster
Topercer ; also the following Bohemian gentlemen :
—Clam, Martinez, Albert Nastitz, and the Presi-
dent of the Chamber of Commerce, Trenkler ; and
the following Lombardo-Venetian gentlemen—
Count Moncenigo and Baron Zigno. The same
journal also publishes an imperial decree, dated the
22d ult., in execution of paragraph 4 of the imperial
patent for the settlement of Hungarian Protestant
affairs. This decree orders that the branch of the
Ministry of Public Worship, which is to consist of
Evangelical co-religionists, shall be established
immediately. All questions relating to Protestant
religions and scholastic matters in other provinces
are Also to be referred to this branch of the Minis-
try, which will provisionally consist of three coun-
cillors, who are already appsinted.

HANOVER, MAY 2.

In yesterday's sitting of the Hanoverian Diet
the Military Committee moved that the plan pro-
posed by Government for the fortification of the
coast should be rejected, and the necessary supplies
refused.