The Sun.
London, England, 1860-09-28 00:00:00

REVIEWS ()1` THE WORK.

"Curtis on Manhood.—This is a truly valuable work, and
shoulll be in the hands of young and old."—" Sunday Times,"
13d 'Starch, 1856.
"The author has conferred a great boon by publishing this
little work, in which is described the source of those diseases
which produce decline in youth or more frequently premature
old age."—" Daily Telegraph, March 27, 1856.
Sold also by Kent and Co., Paternoster-row; Mann, 39
Cornhill.

"The temporary relief obtained by means of purgative
medicines is purchased at the high price of the aggravation
nd )f the perpetuating the disease."—HENßY,

NO MORE PILLS OR ANY OTHER PHYSIC
FOR CONSTIPA7'ION, INDIGESTION (DYSPEPSIA), PALPI-
TATION, NERVOUS, BILIOUS, AND LIVER COMPLAINTS,
DEBILITY, DROPSY, EPILEPSY, PARALYSIS, COUGH,
ASTHMA, CONSUMPTION,,.BRONCILITIS, SORE THROAT,

FEVERS.
J)ING REVALENTA ARABICA f
U BARRY'S delicious HEALTH. D.
lew pence per day, saves fifty times its coat
F)iOn Medicine, and
RWEhiSchT,°atßa-
e
cures without purging er any of the uncertainties,
oad nnoy
antes, and ruinous expenses incurred by medicine, liver
oil, or visits to distant climates.
zer • Dr. Shor-
Ure, M.D., F.R.S. ; Dr. Harvey ; Dr. Wur ,
Certificate No. 36,418.—We find it the safest remedy, An-
drewland ; Dr. Campbell.
We extract a few out of 56,000 cures :
Cure No. 1,771. Lord Stuart de Decies of many years'_a__e
dyspepsia. Cure No. 40,832. Of fifty years' incliscril 1,
agony front dyspepsia, nervousness, asthma, cough, cons ip2
1-
tine, flatulency, spasms, sickness, and vomiting
of Lynn, Norfolk. Cure No. 47,121. Miss Elizabeth,Maria Joly,
Jacobs,
of extreme nervousness, indigestion,
,gatherin mg, low spirits,
and nervous fatteies. Cure No. 54,816. The 'key. ..lames T.
Campbell, Syderstone Rectory, near Fakenbam, Norfolk of
Indigestion and liver complaints. Cure No. 56,814. Mr. Samnel
Laxion, Leicester, of two years' diarrhoea. Cure So. 180. Mr.
W. Reeves, 181, Fleet-street, London, of 25 years' nervous-
ness, cc nstipation, indigestion, and debility. Cure No. 4,028:
Eiglit years' dyspepsi i, nervousness, debility, with cramps,
spasms, and nausea, Rev. John W. Flavel, Ridlington Rec-
torY, Norfolk. Cure No. :1,906. Thirteen years' coufth, incli-
EreSllon, and Keneral debility, James Porter, Athol-street,
Perth. Cure No. 58,214, Miss Elizabeth Yeoman, (lateacre,
oIZ iimi
vleery ,
derangement Surrey ,
years' dyspepsia, and all the horrors of
nneerair'oin'isveilr.priotoall;ioliftyte.n Care No. 46,270. Mr. James Roberts,
'ilar testimonials from. 56,000 patients who can be re-
ferred 0p
years'a
rti al deafness.disea' ed
The Food is sold in canisters, 11b. 2s. 9d., 21b, 4s. 6d., 121 b.
s prni et
tricnhga noti bol of
timber
22e., 241 b. 40s. ; super-refined quality, 51b. 225„ 101 b. 335. The
nd 241 b. canisters •
lb 121 b., a carriage free on receipt of
10 ~ der by Barry Du Barr and Co., 77, Regent-
LondonCo , Chew iccadilly, 60 Gracecharch 't n
Abbis,
, -s reet; 4, side ; 63
;
Oxford-street ; 330 and 452, Strand •
street, London ; Fortnum, Mason, and
and 150, 13 Batty ,16, Finsbury - a '4O and 66,
ry p vement • Phillips
Bishop Pettit Wood, and Co Ring ' •., William-
and co., • tea dealers ,__
yalgh orborn ; and al gropers.
stroes City; M 187,
gate-street ; . a „

Also, by the same Autkor,-

`OMAN AND HER DISEASES, a Treatise
describing their Symptoms,Causes, and Treatment,with
Cases, free by post on receipt of seven stamps, contains a mass
of information indispensable to those for whom it is written.
Address, Dr. HENRY SMITH, 8, Burton-crescent, Taristock-
-square, London, W.C.

THE WEATIIER IN FRANCE.—A dreadful storm
of wind passed over Paris on Monday night, and raged
without any intermission until morning. Heavy rain fell
at intervals,and nearly the whole of the preceding 24 hours
were exceedingly wet and unseasonable. The accounts from
the provinces aro unfavourable.

[ADVERTISEMENT.)—We have read with much pleasure
I)u Barry's report of the cures without medicine by Du
Barry's food. The following are a few extracts which ap-
pear ts merit the attention of many :—Cure No. 47,121
" Miss Elizabeth Jacobs, of Nazing Vicarage,. Waltham-
cross, Herts ; a cure of extreme nervousness, indigestion,
gatherings, low spirits, and nervous fancies." Cure No.
48,314.—" Miss Elizabeth Yeoman, Gateacre, near Liver-
pool; a cure of ten years dyspepsia and all the horrors of
nervous irritability." Cure No. 54,812 —Miss Virginia
Zeguers, cured of consumption, after medical advisers had
abandoned all hopes of recovery. Cure No. 51,514, Baron
de Polentz, Prefect of Langenau, of many years horrible
sufferings of the nerves and an obstinate liver complaint
for which the German spas had been tried in vain for
years. Cure No, 48,721, General Baron de Zaluskowski,
of many years fearful disorders of the digestive functions.
Avoid Pills and Medicines: they invariably aggravate and
perpetuate diseases ; their annoyance, disappointment,
and expense may be avoided by using Du Barry's Food
which, at a few pence per day, saves 50 times its cost in
other remedies, removing effectually, without purging,
constipation, indigestion (dyspepsia) nervous, bilious and
liver complaints and all their consequences. Certificate
No. 36,418. We find it the safest remedy. Andrew Ure,
MD., F.R.S., Dr Harvey, Dr. Wurzer, Dr. Shorland, Dr.
Campell. Let invalids avoid the fearful dangers of spu-
rious and injurious imitations offered under a variety of
false pretences. Nevill's imitations are prohibited by the
high Court of Chancery under a penalty of £5,000 against
Alfred Il'-oper Nevill and his agents ; and the pretences
that Nevill has a patent for Arabica Food and that Du
Barry's are connected with such patent are utterly false.
No canister is genuine without the name Barry Du Barry
and Co., 77, Regent-street, in full, ontheseal and wrapper.
Shopkeepers who attempt imposition in one article must
expect to be distrusted in all others. Packed in tins 111 a.
2s. 9d.; 21b. 4s, 6d. ; 51b. lls.; 121 b. 225. ; 241 b. Os. The
121 b. and 241 b. canisters are sent carriage free on receipt
of Post-office order by Barry Du Barry and Co., 77, Re-
gent-street, London; Fortnum Mason, and Ce.; Abbis,
60, Gracechurch-street ; 4, Cheapside; 63 and 150, Ox-
ford-street ; 330 and 451, Strand ; 49 and 60, Bishopsgate-
street ; Batty, 16, Finsbury Pavement; Phillips and Co,
tea-dealers; Petty, Weed, and Co., King William-street,
City ; at 127, IVA )lolborn ; 1114 all groom

The mediaeval character of the story can be my
only excuse for introducing it among decrees and
other serious affairs. On the day after his arrival
from Palermo, Garibaldi was at Caserta and Santa
Maria, directing a reconnaissance and a feigned at-
tack,
which was a disastrous affair, upwards of 100
having been wounded and several killed. All the
English amateurs ran up, and we hear, of course, of
hair-breadth escapes and other marvels which will
furnish the staple of many an after-dinner story in
England. Ye belles of England, prepare to resist
these touching narratives. A great loss had nearly
occurred in the person of a distinguished barrister,
the step of whose carriage was taken off by a ball
as he drew in his last foot. Two other English-
men were standing behind a tree when a spent ball
struck the other side, and glaseed off. Then some
were covered with dust from balls ploughing up
the ground close by them. Such incidents always
happen, so let us leave the red jackets. There
was at one time a great panic, and a flight to
Santa Maria, where for a moment tricoloured
flags were taken down, every door shut up, and the
military chest was put in a railway carriage to be
taken off to Naples. The feigned attack was ill
conducted, and prolonged too much, but it was a
great trial of courage for young troops to be exposed
to a fire from the walls without seeing the enemy
for four hours, and the men stood well. Worthy
to be named, as they have been named in the orders
of the day, are Mr. Jarvis, Colonel Peard, Colonel
Baker, of the Guards, Major Wortley, and others,
who were there, and lent their effectual aid to check
the panic. But lam subjecting myself to all the
penalties of the Poaching Act, and refer you there-
fore at once for details to your able correspondent
in the field.

About 40 of the wounded are to be conveyed to
the Caserta Hospital. Here in Naples we have no
central hospital, and the sick, of whom there are
about 1,000, are distributed among the hospitals of
the Trinity, Sacramento, and S. Apostoli. Much
of the sickness, which, I regret to say, is fever, has
been induced by the provincials on their arrival in
Naples having been strawed down in filthy bar-
racks. These things should be looked to, for they
imply some gross negligence in the military Inspec-
tion department. While fighting is still going on
in Capua a number of spectacles are exhibited in
Naples, the least of which in ordinary times would
make the fortune of a correspondent. First come
the Volunteers of Potenza, good men and true, who
aro here to offer their services for the redemption of
beloved Italy. They aro dressed as civilians, ex-
cept the officers, and these wear the peaked hat of
Calabria and the Phrygian cap, and that other
little ugly cap with a peak in front, which is now
unfortunately assumed to be the height of fashion
among all the Johnny Elms of the kingdom. There
are priests and .monks by the hundred in the
crowds, and crucifixes and tricoloured banners
fraternise.

The first visit, of course, is to the palace of Gari-
baldi, in the Toledo, though he was at Capua An-
tica ; but they have seen where he lives, and they
mfilueltoid
fftocoonotfenpteerdsloynasm. amidstsooner the
has this scene " rivas" of a vast
passed away than the theatre of Padre Qayazzi

" PROCLAMATION TO THE VOLUNTEERS.
" When in Italy the idea of the country was the idea of
the few we conspired and we died ; now we fight and we
conquer. The patriots are sufficiently numerous to for m
armies and fight the enemy. But our victory has not been
complete, Italy is not yet all free, and we are yet far from
the Alps, our glorious goal. The most precious result of
these our first successes is that of being able to arm our-
selves and to advance. I have found you ready to follow
me, now I call you all to my side ; hasten to the general
assembly of this army, which must be an armed nation to
make Italy free and one, whether it pleases or not the all-
powerful of the earth.

"Assemble in the squares of your cities, organising your-
selves according to the popular instinct of war, which will
enable you to attack the enemy in an united body. The
chiefs of the corps thus formed will apprise beforehand the
Director of the War-office in Naples of their approach, so
that everything necessary may be ready.
"As to those corps that can come more conveniently by
sea, proper orders will be given.
" Italians, the moment is come I Our brothers are
already fighting the stranger in the heart of Italy.
" Let us go and meet them in Rome, and thence march
on together towards the Venetian land.

"All that is our duty and right we can do if strong.
" Arms, then, and armed men I Generous heart, steel,
and liberty I

" Tho Dictator, G. GARIBALDI.

" Naples, Sept. 19."

"Noble Citizens,—The present war, made solely by the
arms of the people, is the only national one that can give us
a country. Our battles are so many stations of our march
to the Alps, on the summit of which we will only halt.
Well you feel it, 0 noble Venetians, who here propose col..
letting means for the war, and who publish in a journal
*ailed 11 Corriere di Venezia such a proclamation as will
call entire Italy to fight on the Venetian lands. I praise
you for this patriotic intention, and incite you in the work
which will complete and hasten the victory of all.
" I authorise you, then, in writing, as I did yesterday by
word of mouth, to form a ' Patriotic Venetian Commission,'
for the object of collecting aid of all sorts in this meridional
part of Italy for the advantage of the insurrectional war
that we are making for the common liberty. I need not
control your enterprise by sending persons in my confi •
dente to direct you ; such persons you have, and worthy
both of the undertaking and of the illustrious name you
have placed at your head.
" You will find here, for certain, a fellow-feeling,
y equal to
ours. •
"The Dictator, G. GARIBALDI.
"Naples, Sept. 19."

- ,
Decrees set aside 5,000 ducats for the excava-
tions of Pompeii, appoint a commission of advocates
(not one medical man) for the improvement of the
sanitary condition of the prisons, and abolish cer-
tain privileges accorded to the citizens of Pizzo in
1815. Nothing is done at Capua to-day, but pon-
toons are sent over to throw a bridge across the
Volturno ; also a number of pieces of artillery, and
400 carriages, for the service of the army. We shall
hear of something decisive, therefore, -morrow. I
shall mention here, lest I might forget it, the name
of Alfiere Ferrara, a Neapolitan, who gained great
distinction and a majority for having stood by the
only two guns and served them almost alone.
SEPT. 22.
Baron Brenier, Minister of the Imperial Court of
France, left yesterday afternoon by the Algesiras, a
90-gun ship, for Toulon. His arms were taken
down on Thursday morning. All the personnel of
the Legation has been withdrawn already, except
Baron Ainae, who remains is charge of the ar-

Another letter from Naples, dated Sept. 20, says :
—I am sitting as it were in a vast theatre, wherein
so many scenes pass before me and so rapidly, that
I have scarcely time to note them. I have hardly
done applauding or blaming before another scene,
perfectly different from the last, presents itself, and
thus there is such a confusion of ideas introduced,
that anything like unity in my letter is out of the
question. Garibaldi left here on the night of Sun-
day or early on Monday morning, spent six hours
only in Palermo, was in Naples on Tuesday at 3
p.m., and at Caserta at the head of his troops on
Wednesday, at 6 a.m. He found the means of re
conciling the Palermitans to his wishes, which are
opposed to immediate annexation, and by that
wonderful power which lie possesses over the will
and the affections, moulded them to his will.
Mario was despatched to the Military College,
which i* one of the projects of the Dictator, and
here, having selected 220 of the young students,
ranging from 13 to 17 years of age, he led them
up to the palace—" 1 have brought you my regi-
ment, general," said Mario, and the Dictator,
leaving ministers and others assembled there,
went down to receive them. On Wednesday
morning the youthful battalion arrived in Na-
ples, and disembarking amidst great enthusi-
asm were conducted to the palace of Capo di
Monte, which was the habitation of all the
Royal family last year. Many of the youth
of Naples, inspired by the sight, expressed their
desire to be formed into a separate battalion ;
but the work of recruiting does not progress
in the capital as it has done in the provinces.
There was work to be done at the council board
when the Dictator arrived on Tuesday, and no
time was lost. Before leaving for Palermo he
wrote a decree, limiting the powers of the Pro-
Dictator, as follows :—" The Dictator reserves to
himself the supreme direction of political and mili-
tary affairs, and the sanctioning of legislative acts.
He reserves to himself, therefore, the nomination
of ministers and foreign envoys, of secretaries and
councillors of state, of the judge of the apostolic
legation of Sicily, of ministers, of directors of the
ministries, of the governors, of the prefect of police,
and of the questors of public security in Sicily, of
the superior and general officers." This decree
was distasteful to Sirtori, who did not publish it,
and to the ministers, who protested, but Garibaldi
ordered its immediate publication on his return,
and it appeared in the journal the same evening.
The consequence is, I believe, that Ministers will
resign. My own opinion is that the republicans
have been intriguing against them, and that they
will succeed in putting some of their own
creatures
in power. As you know, Saffi has been invited to
accept the Pro-dictatorship of Sicily, and until he
y,
arrives, Melenghieri, ~a good republican, as a
friend described him, will act for h
leave the council board without reporting I shall not
ing the other
decrees which were passed. There was one for im-
proving the city of
ofNaplesthe
governors of provinces.
on a large scale ; another
defining the powers of
cusn;t,
eaenr
sd,
They are empowered te.• put any place in a state of
appointguard a dn edl e gv ao tl
siege ; to collect taxes ,on,atlo
to mobilise the
citizens to arms. The
enrol others, and call all the
national guard of Naples was increased in number,
also, to 21,000. The same journal which gives
these decrees relates a fact too full of romantic in-
terest to be omitted.
On the Ist May the house of Matilda Rossi, of
Roccabascerana, was attacked, her husband killed,
and she herself carried off by a galley slave, who
had escaped, with whom she had lived in a state of
forced concubinage ever since in the mountains.
Matilda swore to avenge her husband, and on the
28th July, Majo having sent out his band on some
expedition, she remained behind on the plea of ill-
ness. Rising early on the following morning, she
took a gnn, shot her paramour, and then presented
herself to the authorities of Avellino, who con-
signed her to the prison of Santa Maria. There
Garibaldi found her, and ordered her to be set at
liberty, and thanked in the name of public mora-
lity. Soon after a young woman, tall, of rather a
severe bearing, with dark hair and eyes, presented
herself to the Dictator and his staff in the railway
station at Caserta. It was Matilda Rossi, and the
Dictator, taking her with him in his carriage, made
her sit by his side as far as Cancelli. .
Yesterday morning the indefatigable Dictator
left Naples with his staff for Caserta; and as be
ordered his horses to bo sent after him, the impres-
sion was that he would not return, Duringbut
one
the
day there was a stray sortie from Capua,
give you
of your correspondents on the spot
will
,
the details. I confine myself to the capital, where

I invite your attention to two decrees which
were published yesterday, appropriating 5,000
ducats to the continuance of the excavations in
Pompeii ; appointing a commission of advocates
and magistrates to report on the sanitary and gene-
ral state of the prisons with a view to introduce theon
penitential system. But why is no medical rot
the commission ? The privileges accorded
citizens of Pizzo in 1815 are abolished.
field artillery
During the night mortars and oanthe
hundred carriages
made for a decisive action. Four
were sent off to Santa Maria, and prepara.tions
pedestrians perforce.
were also sent off, so that to-day we are almost all
1 have very little doubt but that the publication
of Garibaldi's new proclamation to the Volunteers
layldisutpopVorictteodr y
Emmanuel's
and to the Venetians, as also the answer which has
Alazzini,
lbeetetne; ehtauNr.encbdeebny
who had an interview, I hear, with the Dictator on
Wednesday. sGtraornigb
The Aide-de-Camp of Victor Em-
manuel, signor Vimercati, left this afternoon for
Genoa with the answer. Another departure to-day
is that of Baron Brenier, the
Minister of the Em-
peror of the French, on board the Algesiras, a 90
gunship, for Toulon. The French arms were not
taken down before yesterday morning, though the
Baron had orders to leave a week since. Baron
Aline alone remains
in charge of the archives, the
other members of
drawn. A very pretty sum has been laid hold of
by the new M.• • of P • Minister Police, Signor Conforti, and
transferred to the
general treasury. It is formed of
184,608 ducats of rentes, which were entered in the
Gran Libro in the name of Gaetano Rispoli, but
which were formed of the accumulations of the
Bourbons at the expense of the people. Another
sum, also, of 317,186 ducats of rentes, belonging to
the various members of the Royal family, has been
treated in the same way. The municipality have
ordered to-day that committees should be formed
for the preparation of bandages and lint, and the
ladies and priests of Naples are called upon to be in
readiness to assist. The bombardment of Capua is
imminent, and I think it will take place from the
north. Many of the " amateurs" go up to-rnorr°.w:.
evening, and your correspondent on the spot
very probably, in his Tuesday's letter, report s!vmet°
decisive action. A letter which has been recettvhaott
from a person of distinction in Gaeta sass and the
there are men in abundance, but no 0
c•oninnjand the
There was said to be great insubordinbaltige tto :
d quit,
writer thought they would soon
dbeestoroyed.
us the army of Lamoricierc wase.terday were Signor
Amongst the departures v
°fN'T ecior Emmanuel, and
Vitnercati, aide-de-camp.
°fill; former bore a nega-
the Marchese Pallaviein!..
n of his Majestng
five answer to a Pr°P°.sit'oof the Two Sieilies yur urging
. Pal
rn-
theimediate annexatton
consequence of the request
lavicini had come down in
of Garibaldi that he would act P
ro- ictat or.
not cannot say. The Mar-
Whether he would or
, as
hi 'wired last evening, as I have already
told you ; he w
chese Trecc
was the bearer of a letter from Gari-
baldi to the Bing, proposing the immediate annexa-
tion the Two Similes on condition that of Cavour
and his colleagues were removed from power.
There is a report that Dumas has •
given up his
appointment ; it has created
a-pomuch censure and dis-
content ; and two hours after it was gazetted Felice
e artist
Nicolini, well known in thworld of
Naples, protested •
against it in a letter to the
Dictator.

"---...........................----
THEATRE-ROYAL, IiAIMARKET. 1
Lessee, Mr. J. B. Backstone.
THIS EVENING the performances will commence with
THE ODDITIES OF THE 01110. By the Leclereqs.
Followed by DOES UN LOVES 31E? Mesrs. Howe
Chippenctale, E. Villiers, and Bricktone ; Miss Amy Sedg-
Wick, Miss Florence Haydon, and :qrs. Wilkins.
After which, the new farce, entitled FITZSMYTHE OF
Ftrz SMY TH PI HALL. Messrs. Buckstone, W. Farren, and
Rogers; Mrs. Wilkins and Miss Henrade.
To conclude with THE BOARDING SCHOOL.

A DETiply. NEW THATREOYAL.
proprti;,„, M-arnager, Mr. Benj. Webster.
Sole
Great Success of the new Drama, by Dion Boureicault, Esq.,
" The Cotleen Bawn."--Miss Agnes Robertson every even-
ing.
F.VENING, THE RIFLE CORPS. Messrs. W.
THIS C. Selby, Miss Woolgar, Miss Kate Kelly,
,Smith. P. Fisher,
grs.
2'
After which, THE COLLEEN BAWN. D. Bonrcicault, D.
Fisher, Billinc; ton, Falconer, Stephenson, C. J. Smith, Romer.
018 g Agnes Robertson, Miss Woolgar, Mrs. Billing,ton, and
Mrs. Chatterley.
To conclude with MUSIC RATH CHARMS. Mr. David
fisher.
Doors open at half-past 6—Commence at 7.
Box-office open from 10 till 5.
No charge for booking.
Private boxes, £2 2s. ; Family Boxes,"Xl.
Orchestra Ste is, 53. ; Balcony, 4s. ; Front Circle Stalls, its. •
Pit Stalls, 2a.; la. 6d. ; Amphitheatre, 18 ; Gallery, 64.

tnity ; and as regarded America upon the equally
narrow and antiquated notion of natural sovereignty.
To work out those great principles—to attack all

invasion of the one either in alliances or in war,
and of the other in government, was the object of
his public life. Yet so powerful is habit, such the
force of routine, he seemed wholly unable to com-
prehend that it is our first duty by all means to
cultiN ate peace with our nearest neighbour as the
first of blessings to both nations, each being able to
do the other the most good in amity, the most
harm in hostility ; but he could only see glory, or
even safety, in the precarious superiority grasped
by a successful war. In like manner, as often as
the idea of American independence crossed his
mind, he instantly and utterly rejected it as the
destruction of our national existence, instead of
wisely perceiving that to become the fast friends of
the colonies which we had first planted and long
cherished under our protection would benefit both
ourselves and them the more by suffering them in
their full growth to be as independent as we had
always been." Yet while thus clearly recognising
the deficiencies and demerits of a past generation,
the noble orator evidences no feeble recognition of
the faults and failings of our own. Instance this
his sarcastic remarks in reference to the results of
our last Parliamentary session, when he said :
—" It is undeniable that the two causes
of this excessive speaking—the speaking of
members, whose talents, information, or personal
importance give them no claim to be heard
—are their return to Parliament by bodies of
electors, and the report of their speeches in the
daily papers. Thus the combination of small par-
ties, the determination to resist whatever proceeds
from certain quarters, the Government especially,
in whose hands soever it is placed, the desire to
make their support of consequence, which, insigni-
ficant in itself, may be of moment when the great
parties are equally balanced, and the countless
numbers of endless speeches without any merit, by
persons of no mark, have of late times made the
House of Commons a byword as a place of talk and
not of w•rk, the caricature of a popular assembly."
Well for the nation will it be, if the House of Com-
mons will but lay to heart these " ewer true " words
uttered in its regard, and for its advantage, by one
of the most illustrious of its bygone ornaments.

The Lord Advocate in his suggestive speech to
he " Social Science Congress," touched on a sub-

ject which has been of personal interest to some of
us, and may beeome so to any person—the neces-
sity for a Public Prosecutor, or a Minister of Jus-
tice. On this subject he could speak from experi-
ence, for, as he observed amid considerable laughter
and applause, " As regards ourselves I am hardly
an impartial witness as to the usefulness of a Pub-
lic Prosecutor"—however, he did speak on the
subject, and if at no great length, yet very impar-
tially and considerately. In Scotland the system
does work well ; there are no coroner's inquests
there in cases of murder, and it is the duty of the
Public Prosecutor to make the preliminary investi-
gations in all cases of crime, by such means as he
may think best. He is in fact the head of the
detective force of Scotland ; and it is his busi-
ness both to find out who the criminal is when
a crime against society has been committed, and
to prosecute him to conviction.

A Minister of Justice would be useful in many
ways ; having under his eye not one department of
the administration of the law merely, but its whole
course from search and detection to conviction and
punishment, he would be the person to understand
what was wanting in the working of the machine
and to bring it before the Legislature, with ample
knowledge and authority. But the primary want
on this side the Tweed is that department of his
office by which the detection and prosecution of
criminals would be placed in responsible hands, and
individuals be relieved from what does not belong
to them—the trouble, annoyance, and cost, of pro-
secuting those to whose criminal acts or contrivances
they may have been subjected.
As the case now stands, it is the interest of the
individual, in perhaps the large proportion of cases,
to conceal the crime committed against him. If it
be a robbery—unless one sufficiently large to make
the recovery of the property an object, to prosecute
is merely to subject himself to an additional loss
at the hands of the law. He often may not be in
circumstances to afford the cost of prosecution.
We well remember a case of a small country miller
whom we knew, an industrious worthy man,
whom every farmer would trust for a load of wheat
till he could get his money in. A man whom he
employed robbed him of flour. He, thoughtlessly,
prosecuted him—the man would have paid him for
what he had stolen ; but the upright miller would
not " compound with a felon," for a crime against
society—the result was that the man got a few
months' imprisonment, and the poor miller was
mulcted in FORTY POUNDS for legal and incidental
costs ! A sum which, but for the sympathy of
neighbours, would have crippled him in his little
business for years, if nothing worse.
This is but a speeimen of what is constantly oc •
curring in all forms and gradations of expense, and
there cannot be a doubt that in proportion as per-
sons are aware of what " prosecutions" involve they
take care to keep clear of them. Justice costs more

thin it is worth. Bad enough to put up with the

crime, but justice inflicts a penalty on the wrong,
because the wronged, party, which may be quite
as provoking as the crime itself ; indeed in some
respects more so. The poor miller had paid his
taxes for upholding the institutions of his country,
assuredly the Courts of Justice among them ; from
the rogue who bad robbed him he might expect
nothing better, but to suffer from the justice itself
which he had helped to uphold, seemed to him
little better than a second robbery. And it was
so. It is surely the business of Society to punish
crimes against its own laws. The individual, for
himself, needs nothing more than compensation or
restoration by the man who has injured him. It
is Society which finds it for its interest that
wrong-doers should be dealt with by public justice,
and Society ought to pay for it.
The LORD-ADVOCATE spoke candidly. He was

not blind to possible abuses of the function of a
public prosecutor, He acknowledged that it was
extremely difficult to combine efficiently the two
objects of detection of the guilty and protection of
the innocent. Under an arbitrary Government,
the functionary proposed might be an instrument
very dangerous to the liberties of the people; but
he observed, " a public
prosecutor, under the in-
fluence of public opinion, and Parliamentary respon-
sibilty, is, in my opinion, as far as the practical
working of it is concerned, the best mode in which
the criminal affairs of a country can be conducted."
In this view of the case we entirely concur with the
LORD-ADVOCATE. With the facilities which every
individual has of calling a public functionary, who
might use him unfairly, to account through the
press—with the readiness, toe, which members of
Parliament always show to " put a question" cn
any subject of this kind, where the wrong-

doers must answer, and from whence the affair
wuruld appear in tens of thousands of papers next
morning, it is morally impossible that a public pro-
s;:eutor dare abuse his powers. Indeed, the case is
1144,1111/ suppmble of any Englishman doing so,