The Sun.
London, England, 1860-04-11 00:00:00

us that we have paid to Spain the money down for
abolishing a trade by which Queen-mothers and
Captains-general of Cuba grow rich. We can
speak to Spain as creditors demanding the repay-
ment of a debt. We hope this appeal will not be
lost either on our Government or on that of Spain.
We have doubtless the strongest ground to demand
honest fulfilment of the convention which has cost
us so much hard cash. Were the United States to
" join in representations," we may imagine how an
indignant Spanish Minister would bid America put
down her own hateful and :horrible internal slave
traffic, and declare herself willing to stop the traffic
between Africa and Cuba, when America stopped
the traffic between Virginia and New Orleans.
To-morrow our readers will find in The AF un a
letter from an American on the coast of Africa of
no little, though painful, interest. It fully bears
out all the charges of the English Government as
to the use made of the American flag, and the awful
extent, even now, of the slave trade.

The vast extension of our coal trade, and the
magnificent supply of coal which we possess, should
be to us sources of unmixed satisfaction. This,
however, can hardly be the case while the fact is
admitted that a thousand lives are annually sacri-
ficed in the mines. When we reflect on the dis-
tress and destitution which those thousand deaths
spread around them, like the circles extending on
the water around a sunken stone, and when we
remember also that this large number does not in-
clude those who are injured or disabled by similar
casualties, we shall think the question of colliery
explosions is serious enough. We shall probably
consider that no amount of time, science,
and laborious investigation is too much
to bestow on the causes of these painful
and constantly recurring calamities. The coro-
ner, juries, and attorneys of the inquest
now being held at Burradon, do not seem to be of
this opinion. They see nothing in a catastrophe
which has cut off a hundred and seventy•six men
and boys, which has made many a widow and
orphan, and brought desolation and misery to many
a cottage fireside, which is to hush their laughter,
silence their legal disputes and hairsplittings, or
reduce the audience to decent and respectful
attention. The rival advocates quarrel on points of
professional etiquette and routine as if it were a
long pending Chancery suit ; the Coroner will not
receive the carefully prepared evidence of an inde-
pendent and scientific "viewer" because it is de-
livered in writing, instead of viva voce; meanwhile,
cheers, laughter, and interruptions from the audi-
ence are thought fitting accompaniments to the
discussion of so mournful a tragedy. The
terrible frequency and frightful extent of
these colliery accidents call imperatively
for minute and painstaking investigation.
Public indignation will soon be aroused if these
catastrophes do not lead to more careful manage-
ment and greater precaution. A serious respon-
sibility rests upon the Coroner of South Northum-
berland, in the examination of two of these cases
now before him ; and it is not by adhering rigidly
to the technicalities of the law, or by counte-
nancing such flippant and ill-timed levity in
the court, that he will satisfactorily acquit
himself of his arduous duties. Surely, in the pre-
sent advanced state of scientific knowledge, the
public has a right to expect that the attention of
able men will be turned to the careful investiga-
tion of these matters, and that meantime the in-
quest on so great a number of human beings sud-
denly and terribly deprived of life will be conducted
with the caution and attention requisite to a full
discovery of the truth, and with the gravity be-
fitting so solemn an occasion.

LATEST NEWS.

The following telegrams have been received al
Mr. Reuter's office :

CALCUTTA AND CHINA
MAILS.

The Vectis with the above mails arrived at Mar-
seilles at 9 p.m. yesterday.
Mails left for London at 10 p.m.
Letters will be delivered on Thursday morning

SHANGHAI, FEB. 20,

The ships Actaeon, Sampson, Aroewine (Alge-
rine P) and Dove proceeded northward under sealed
orders, on the 16th February.

CANTON, FEB. 27.
General Montauban has arrived at Hong Kong

SINGAPORE, MARCH 7.
Sir Hope Grant left here for Hong Kong on the
7th March.

FRANCE.

PARIS, TUESDAY,

Gen. Lamoriciera, writing to a friend in Paris
from Rome, speaks very hopefully of the prospect
of affairs. He says, " With the assistance of God,
and our own diligence, I hope soon to have Roman
Zouav es."

The French troops continue to evacuate Lom-
bardy. The 4th Division, commanded by Gen. de
Failly, is expected in France on Thursday next.
The 3d, commanded by Gen. Bazaine, is to be quar-
tered in Paris. Gen. Ulrich's Division will come
next. The Ist and sth Divisions will be the last to
quit Italy; They will occupy Savoy and Nice. It
is understood that Marshal Vaillant quitted Milan
on Sunday last. All the letters received from the
army of Italy state that the troops are delighted to
return to France. They are heartily sick of Italy
and of the Italians.

According to a new arrangement concluded be-
tween the French Government and the German
Confederation the journey from Paris to Vienna will
henceforth be accomplished by railway in 36 hours,
which at present requires 72 hours. The distance
from Paris to Stuttgardt will be performed in 16
hours, from Stuttgardt to Munich in 8 hours, and
from Munich to Vienna in 12 hours. It is expected
that in two years from the present period the jour-
ney from Paris to St. Petersburg will be performed
in three days. It requires seven days at present.
The weather has not improved. Last night was
cold, the thermometer having fallen two degrees
during the day. Rain fell from Bto 12 this morn-
ing; we then enjoyed a gleam of sunshine until 2,
when half melted snow or sleet fell for an hour.
The peach and apricot trees in the neighbourhood
of Paris are in blossom, and it is feared they will
suffer from the extraordinary changes of the weather,
particularly as this afternoon the sky has the ap-
pearance of approaching frost.
BOURSE, April 10.—The Three per Cents. closed
to-day at 69f. 90c. for the end of the month, and
the 41 per Cents, at 96; Orleans, 1,362 f. 50c. ;
Great Northern, 965 ; Strasburg, 637 ; Lyons, 927 f.
50c. ; Western, 575 f.; Bordeaux and Cette, 520 f. ;
Lyons and Geneva, 437 f. 50e. ; Bank of Credit
Mobilier, 791 f. 25c. ; Austrian Railways, 530 f.;
Roman Railways, 337 f. 50c. ; Russian Railways,
408 f.

THE PAPAL STATES.
The following letter is dated Rome, 3d inst.:—
" General Lamoriciere arrived in Rome on Sun-
day afternoon, and had a private audience of the
Pope yesterday morning. The General had already
inspected the Papal army and the garrisons in the
Marches, and he expressed his approbation of their
organisation to his Holiness and to Cardinal An-
tonelli. The General has consented to accept the
command of the Papal troops, but he will not re-
ceive orders from the War-office, where everybody
is completely ignorant of the science of war. Three
French officers of the 40th Regiment of the line have
been imprisoned in the Castle of St. Angelo by
order of General de Goyon. This severe measure
has been caused by the improper conduct
of those persons towards one of their comrades,
who, on the 19th of March, was commanded to
execute orders given by the Commander-in Chief.
They insulted their brother officer, and afterwards
refused to apologise, though recommended to do so
by their Colonel. -M. Caraffa, secretary of the Duke
Cesarini, who was arrested in consequence of let-
ters on political subjects found in his house, has
received a passport, with orders to quit the Roman
States. Several persons who were arrested in con-
sequence of the riot on the 19th have been set at
liberty. Several members of the Roman nobility
devoted to the Holy See have just purchased corn
to the value of 40,000 Roman crowns to distribute
at a loss of three half-crowns the vabbio among the
more indigent of the operative classes. Th• following
pareerotrhse w m
haveofb various x
excommunicated
Princes, Kings, and Em-
communicated more or less
solemnly by preceding Popes :—John XII. excom-
municated Otho 1., Emperor of Germany; Gregory
V., King Robert, for having contracted an illegiti-
matenhao es
marriage. Nicholas 11. excommunicated Ge-
r ard, Count of Galicia ; Gregory VII., Henry IV. ;
Urban 11., King Philip of France, because he had
carried off the wife of the Count d'Anjon
and would not restore her; Pascal 11., the Empe-
ror Henry V. ; Innocent 11., King Roger, of Sicily;
Celestin 11., Alphonso, King of Castille ; Alexander
111., the Emperor Frederic Barberossa ; Celestin
111., Duke Leopold, of Austria ; Innocent 111.,
Philip Augustus of France. On Palm Sunday,
1239, Gregory IX. excommunicated the Emperor
Frederic; Innocent IV. excommunicated the same
Emperor in 1845 ; Boniface VIII., Philippe de
Bel; Urban VI., John of Castille ; Jules IL, King
Louis XII.; Clement VII., Henry VIII., of Eng-
land; and Pius VII., Napoleon I.

ROYAL ITALIAN OPERA, COVENT GARDE X.

The season 1860 commenced last evening, with ➢Myer.
beer's " Dinorah."

The great novelty of the evening was the debut of M.
Faure, a very great celebrity in Paris, and the original re-
presentative of Hoel, at the " Opera Comique," for which,
as everybody knows, Meyerbeer composed his admirable
" Dinorah." M. Faure had to contend with difficulties, but
his success was complete ; and if in other parts, with which
he is less intimately conversant, he can succeed in exhibit-
ing similar excellence, he is likely to prove one of the most
valuable acquisitions our Italian Opera has made for many
years.

The Dinorah of Madame Miolan Carvalho has been more
than once described; and it is hardly requisite to do more
than say, that while all that was previously noted as ad-
mirable in her performance, both in a vocal and dramatic
sense, is retained, increased confidence--resulting, no doubt,
from a conviction that her merits are entirely appreciated--
has enabled her to present even a more striking picture than
before, and to exhibit many touches of refinement which
add to its charm, while they enhance its artistic complete-
ness.

HUNGARY.

PESTH, APRIL 5.
There has been another grand anti-Austrian
demonstration in this city, but fortunately it has
not occasioned bloodshed. Yesterday M. Forinyak,
one of the two students who died of wounds in-
flicted by the Austrian soldiery on the 15th of last
month, was interred in the Kerepes cemetery, and
an immense crowd of all classes, from the Festitics,
the Podmaniczkys, and the great nobles, down to the
poorest tradesmen, attended the funeral of the poor
young man. Some people calculate that there were
at least 35,000 or 40,000 persons in the procession.
What is certain is, that the number was immense.
And the windows of all the houses along which the
cortege passed, especially those in the Uri-utcza,
Nador-utcza, and Furdo-utcza were crowded
with spectators, chiefly ladies. In addition to the
people, too, there was a long file of carriages. If
the ceremony passed off without disturbance of any
kind, no credit is due to the Austrian functionaries,
for they did their utmost to excite one. More than
one superintendent ofpolice tauntingly addressed to
the students who headed the procession such obser-
vations as these" Don't you think that another row
would be desirable ? Just attempt one !" " What !
You turn out in such vast numbers, and dare do
nothing ! You really are not brave!" In spite,
however, of the violent bravado of these people—
bravado -which the students treated with contempt—
the higher authorities were in trepidation until the
whole affair was over. They kept the troops under
arms in the barracks, and, in addition, they made
an attempt to render the demonstration insigni-
ficant, by giving out that the funeral would not
take place until 6 or 7 o'clock in the evening
whereas it really was effected at 4 ; but
the people, knowing how tricky the authorities are,
were on foot betimes.
There is no probability that anything like the
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companies and certain personages who dared
not refuse. The Government intended to com-
pel municipalities and localities to take portions of

THE SUN, LONDON, WEDNESDAY EVENING, APRIL 11, 1E604

the loan as it did with the famous" voluntary " one
some years back ; and it sent orders to its func-
tionaries to make preparations for the pur-
pose. But these gentlemen reported almost unani-
mously that from the dreadful distress of the
populations no money could possibly be wrung from
them; and, moreover, that from the irritation they
feel against the Government any attempt of the
kind would most likely occasion sanguinary out-
breaks. I have reason to believe that similar com-
munications have been made by the functionaries
of other provinces as well as those of Hungary.
A grand vocal and instrumental concert, given
by ladies of rank for the relief of the starving popu-
lation of Croatia, came off a few days back in the
National Theatre of Pesth. It attracted an im-
mense auditory, and excited unbounded enthusiasm.
The young Countesses Zichy,Batthyany, and Orezy
were greatly applauded, but it was the Countess
Nako Gyertyanffy, who, by playing national airs
on the piano, excited most enthusiasm.