The Sun.
London, England, 1860-06-04 00:00:00

Acting Manager—Mr. Wm. Smith.

FRENCH PLAYS-ST. JAMES'S THEATRE.
Directeur, M. Talexy.—Lessee, Mr. F. B. Chatterton.
THIS EVENING (Monday), and To-morrow (Tuesday),
First representations of LA. TENTATION. Comedie, en
einq actes, de M. Octove Feuillet. Mdlle. Duverger, M. Brin-
dean, and M. Paul Devoux.
Orchestra Stalls, 7s. ed. ; Balcony Stalls, 55. ; Pit, 2s. ;
Gallery, ls. _ _ _

Private Boxes, f►om Two Guineas.
Doors open at half-past 7.
Box-office open daily from 11 till 5.

A STLEY'S ROYAL AMPHITHEATRE.—
Proprietor, Mr. WM. BATTY.
Last six nights of the Great Military Spectacle.
THIS EVENING,
The Grand Hippo-Drama, " THE HISTORY OF A FLAG."
Wondrous Scenes in the Cirque, supported by the most
taleried Equestrian and Gymnastic Artistes in the World.
Concluding with a Laughable Farce.
The magnificent Chandeliers manufactured by Messrs. De-
tries and Sons, Houndsditch.
Door a open at hall-past 6, performance commence at 7.
Box-office open daily from 11 till 4.
Stage Manager—Mr. W. WEST.
Director of the Arena—M. Felix Revolti.

CA NTERB UR Y HALL
THIS EVENING.
C. H. GOUNOD'S OPERA,
FAUST.
First Time in this Country.
Faust Mr. Henry Herbert.
Mephistopheles Mr. C. Bernard.
Siobel Mrs. Anderson.
Marguerite _ Miss Russell.
Conductor Mr. Jonghmans.
And selections from
Dinorah, Trovatore, Macbeth, and numerous other
Entertainments.
Balcony, ls , Hall. Gd.
Comic Vocalists —Messrs. George Hodson (the Irish Come
dian and Mimic), and W. T. Critchfield.
The AFRICAN OPERA TROUPE, their first appearance
since 1852, consisting of ELEVEN STAR PERFOMMERS,
who will give the whole of their inimitable entertainment
every evening.
The gallery is open from 5 till 11 on Sunday Evening.

CONCERTS.

THE WEATHER.--SUN OFFICE, JUNE 3, 1860.

THEE.MOMETEE., TN THE SHADE.
G 2 —highest since noon yesterday.
51.—lowest this morning and during the night.
58—this day at noon.
BAROMETER-29.45. The barometer fell yesterday to
29.21.

WrND—South•Westerly. Squally and stormy, with
occasional showers.

JUNE 4.
TEIIMMOVETER, IN THE SHAM
62—highest since noon yesterday.
50—lowest this morning and during the night.
61—this day at noon.

BARO3METER-29.75.
IVIN-D—North-Westerly ; fresh, with heavy rain at times,

HIGH WATER AT LONDON BRIDGE.
This DAY.—Morning, lh. 57m.—Afternoon, 2h. 20m
To-monnow.-Morning, 2h. 41m.—Afternoon, 3h. 2m

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THE SUN.

LONDON, MONDAY, JUNE 4, 1860.

France itself is now a witness to prove that Lord
JOHN RUSSELL was right. The Moniteur is ob-
liged to come forward, to testify to the " supposi-
tions of all kinds, and malevolent accusations or
thoughtless interpretations to which ,they have
given' rise for some weeks past regarding the an-
nexation of Savoy, and the arrondissement of
Nice." Just what our Foreign Minister foretold,
in the strongest language diplomacy could em-
ploy to a Government with which we desired to
remain in amity. He warned the EMPEROR that
so it would be, and must be. He told him that
the step could only be taken at the peril of creat-
ing an amount of discontent not felt before in any
country adjacent to France; and this he now finds
to be inconveniently the case. Gan he be really
surprised ? Are not his secret wishes such as
merely to make him regret that he has alarmed
his game ?

What does Europe see I' We speak from the tes-
timony of his public acts only ; and do not they tell
all Europe two things P—first, that the Raler who
occupies the throne of France is utterly destitute of
any moral scruples. Politicians are not often, in-
deed, easukts ; but, if we except the HAPS-
BURGS, there is hardly another European despot
who could quiet an assembly of deputies by an ap-
peal to his oath, and grasp the hand of his officers,
in his own house, one day, and the next sent them
all to a gaol, introductory, in many cases, to banish-
ment ; while every citizen who appeared in the
street or at a window became the victim of a sol-
diery maddened with drink. We try to forget such
things in the case of those with whom we must
have dealings; but perjury, fraud, and murder rise
like spectres when fresh instances of unblenching
duplicity meet us. The ghosts of the old crimes
add fearful strength to the impressions of the last
act which alarms us ; they force us to believe that
in calculating the probable policy of LOUIS NApo_
LEON we must regard him as wholly untrammelled
by those unstatesmanlike considerations—right or

tv ron g.

.!'econd/y, his actions ass-are us that his language,
his statements, his professions, are all used but to
veil his thoughts. He deceived the deputies, and
pounced upon them while yet deceived. He de-
ceived Austria by professions of not being armed,
was four,d quite ready to be at Turin as soon
as she was, and with an army as large as hers; he
deceived Europe with the magnanimous promise of
mtenting himself with the glory of liberating
Italy ; deceived England with the belief that
France made war only for an idea ; deceived us
till the treaty was nearly safe--would have de-
ceived us longer if events and the Swiss had not
marched a little too fast for him ; to the last he
equivocated —till, at length, unable to secure his
prey by the free vote of the people, he compelled
the KING to a treaty of cession, and went through
his favourite farce of compelling a universal suffrage
in Savoy and Nice, and a 1,....rge majority of the Par-
liament of Turin to vote, that the Imperial AIIAB
should have the inheritance of VICTOR EMMANUEL'S
fathers. The poor King of SARDINIA knew full
well that he must suffer NABOTII'S fate if he
imitated NABOTTI'S firmness.
And now a few smooth words from M. FOULD,
end a few self-laudatory words in the Moniteur,

are to quiet the apprehensions of Europe.
All has been, we are told in regard to Savoy,
so " just," so " for the interests of the provinces"
annexed to France ; so surpassingly " frank,
regular, and legitimate," that " accusations
of it are malevolent," and sinister interpretations
are " thoughtless," at least. Indeed ! Germany,
Austria, Prussia, and England, are the best judges
of that; and their judgment is shown by Rifle
Volunteers, and by a costly war establishment in
time of peace in our quiet island, which would be but
too happy to spend its money in trade, rather than on
a navy and army; it is shown by all Germany, like
us, incurring the costs of war, during peace, merely
as a needful insurance against their neighbour.
And yet the Moniteur, when the utter distrust of
Europe is perceived, tells us that we are all misled
" under the influence of hostile passions or impru-
dent friendship, some listen to insinuations, others
to appreciations which tend to attribute to the
French Government the design of provoking or
allowing to be created complications in Europe, in
order to seek occasion therefrom to obtain new ag-
gran disements of territory. This is an idea alto-
gether contrary to that by which it is animated."
Not only are we misled, but the EMPEROR is
grieved to his guileless heart that we are so, and
assures us that he wishes to live peaceably with all
men. " The Government, we proclaim it aloud,
deplores the manoeuvres destined to propagate daily
impressions the least exact as regards its real in-
tentions. The EMPEROR has made every effort to
re-establish in Europe the confidence which has
been shaken. His sole desire is to live in peace
with other Sovereigns, his allies, and to use all his
endeavours to actively develop the resources of
France."

Now, however, it is that we recal the past. " The
coup d'etat," " Savoy and Nice," every Englishman
and German mutters to himself—We have seen
what professions meant then—what must we think
they mean now ? The very professions are the
strongest grounds for men's fears. " Methinks
the Emperor doth protest too much," is the com-
mon feeling. We should feel safer if he did not
sing to us his political lullaby. How easy were it
to do something better than pen idle assurances.
Is it for mere whim or amusement that he has built
a navy equal to that of the only naval power,
which, though it would never attack him, might
yet interpose in prevention of unbearably ambi-
tious projects Is it for mere parade that he main-
tains an army of 600,000 men as well as his enor-
mous fleet ? One year of honest reductions in his
army and navy—of reductions which could not be
-immediately reversed at pleasure—would do more to
reassure Europe and " to develope the resources"
not of France only but of all the continent, than a
hundred Ministerial speeches at agricultural dinners,
and a hundred columns in the Moniteur.

The truth is, and it is affectation to conceal it—
Louis NATOLEON is the costly disquieter of Europe.
He has but one thought—to please the army which
put him on the throne and which keeps him there,
and so to please a vain-glorious people who, to do
him justice, care as little about honour or morality
as he himself does, provided they have the empty re-
nown of victories, and the solid gain of augmenting
their territory and getting commercial treaties of
which all the gains are theirs. Next time he wants
£20,000,000 of the people's savings he knows how
to obtain it ; ready, therefore, financially as well as
in naval and military preparations for war at any
moment, who can feel assured that EMPEROR,
army, and people will not very shortly demand that
some fresh territories shall be called on to ballot
for annexation to Prance, or for remaining under
the Government of —, or for Government by a
member of the Bonaparte family ? Will the ques-
tion be first put in Italy or on the banks of the
Rhine—or, nobody-yet knows where P No one
threatens Louis NAPOLEON, his military and naval
preparations threaten all, and we believe the ques-
tion will soon be, whether it be cheaper for Europe
to keep up war establishments for years, or go to
war at once, burn and sink his navy, and scatter i
his army.

WILLIAM PATERSON, the Merchant Prince, who
in 1693 founded the Bank of England, was, later
on in his history, the projector of a far grander
enterprise, which at length gives promise, after the
lapse of more than a hundred and fifty years, of
being happily realised. ' Its, realisation, however,
supposing it to be thus eventually accomplished,
will be effected in a manner the originator of the
scheme itself in the abstract could never, by any
possibility, have anticipated. The cherished day-
dream of PATERSON was nothing less, it will be
remembered, than the opening up of a World's
Highway across the isthmus connecting the two
Americas. A ship canal, cutting through the nar-

rowest portion of Darien, was to unite for ever the
waters of the Atlantic with those of the Pacific. The
commerce of Europe and the commerce of Asia was
to be brought there into direct communication with
each other ; they were to blend and amalgamate in
the newly-dug ocean channel, there to reciprocate
wholly incalculable advantages at that central
point between the twin continents of the
Western hemisphere. It was argued in
favour of the undertaking, even at the period
of its original announcement, that this surely
should, among all favoured spots of earth, be
the world's commercial high road, situated as it was
familiarly known to be even then, within six weeks'

sail alike of Europe and of Asia—midway between

the golden regions. of Mexico and Peru—in the
very midst, as it were, of the West Indies, within
easy distance of the Spice Islands, of Japan, of
China; and of Hindostan.

Upwards of a century and a half having now
elapsed since this magnificent tnterprise was first
projected—it appears, at length, tolerably certain
to be now very speedily accomplished. Virtually
the design of PATERSON will be fulfilled;
though, in the mere manner of its eventual
fulfilment, the enterprise will prove, in so many
words, to be—the same with a difference. The
isthmus will be crossed—but at another point than
the one originally indicated. While, instead of the
world's`highroad being (as was intended) a ship
canal—it will turn out to b 2 (what PATERSON never
dreamt of)—a railway !

OA Saturday last—to be explicit--there waited
upon the French EMPEROR, in the Palace of the
Tuilleries, a deputation of the Honduras Inter-
Oceanic Railway Company—a deputation consisting
of Mr. F. MOULTON, of Paris ; Mr. JOSEPH ROBIN-
SON, of-London ; Dr. HOLLAND, M.D., New York,
Physician to the Surveying Expedition ; and Mr.
ROBERT ROWAN MOORE, Secretary to the Conp?-
pany—these four gentlemen being introduced to
his Imperial Majesty by Senor HERRAN, Minister
Plenipotentiary for the States cf Honduras and San
Salvador. From the simple statement of the facts
advanced upon the occasion of this interview, it is
obvious enough that the prospect of the projected
railway being actually constructed is very far, in-
deed, from being in any way merely visionary, Con-
elusive testimony, demonstrative of the value of an
interoceanic railroad in that particular quarter of
the globe, has been afforded, in point of fact, for the
last six years continuously. For it was in 1854 that
the Panama Railway was first of all opened, and
from the perfectly reliable statistics of that rail-

way, the following facts have been accumulated and
are now stated categorically as beyond the reach of
contradiction. Firstly, then, it appears that since
the date of its opening, six years ago, the Panama
Railway has paid 12 per cent. per annum upon its
capital as dividend ! Secondly, in doing this it has
carried across to and fro annually some 80,000 pas-
sengers, together with treasure to the value of
£16,000,000—t0 say nothing of large quantities of
French and English merchandise; Thirdly, it is
notified, not certainly as an indication of the aver-
age traffic upon the line, but simply as (what it
surely is) a very remarkable circumstance, that upon
a single day towards the close of 1849, upon one soli-
tary day in last December, there were carried over
this route, on the Panama Railway (each person at
the average rate of £5 per head), as many as 2,300
passengers—otherwise yielding to the company
that day, in passenger traffic alone, a round sum
of £11,500. Fourthly, it is especially observable
that, after the payment of the usual 12 per cent.
dividend last year, the actual surplus exceeded
£l9o,ooo—the sinking and reserve fund amount-
ing by this time to £242,000. Satisfactory, then,
as those results are in regard to the working, for
as many as six years past, of the little Panama
Railway—it has been long manifest that a more
favourable route than that was still most desirable—
is becoming daily, in fact, more than ever desirable.
That eagerly looked for route has at length been
selected, having been laboriously surveyed from
seaboard to seaboard under English direction, and
carefully reviewed and formally approved by Lieut.-
Colonel STANTON, R.E., to whom this responsible
duty of supervision had been en trusted by her
Britannic MAJESTY'S Government.

Foremost among the important facts brought to
light by this elaborate survey—facts which were
distinctly placed under the consideration of the
Emperor NAPOLEON on Saturday, upon the occasion
of his MAJESTY'S reception of the deputation--were
the subjoined :—" That—[the proposed termini of
the new railroad across Honduras]—Port Cortez,
on the Atlantic (lat. 15.49 N.), and Fonsica, on
the Pacific (lat. 13.21 N.), are both first-class har-
bours ; and that across Honduras is a perfectly
practicable route for a railway of 220 miles
in length to connect those harbours." It
is especially worthy of consideration, too,
upon both sides of our English Channel, thet—
as the deputation reminded NAPOLEON through
their spokesman—" The security and neutrality of
the route and the freedom of the ports are guaran-
teed in perpetuity, . under all circumstances, by
special articles in treaties with the Governments
of Great Britain, France, and the United States."
The treaty guaranteeing this security and neutra-
lity to England having been signed as long since
as the 27th of August, 1856—that with France
hardly one year afterwards, namely on the 28th of
July, 1857—that with the United States as recently
as the 28th of March, 1860. The " way" is cleared
therefore—broadly and permanently. What is
after this—(which is, of course, the first essential
of all)—a matter of the very next importance is
the fact that the proposed new route, say from
New York to California, is shorter than that
of Panama by 1,100 miles, or actually more
than one-fifth of the entire distance of
5,224, extending by way of Panama from
New York to San Francisco. The total
estimated cost of this line across Honduras—adopt-
ing the figures from a tender actually received by the
directors for its construction—would be precisely
£2,500,000. Pronounced feasible by the British
Engineers who have made the survey, ap-
proved by the English officer appointed to
scrutinize the result of that survey by Her Bri-
tannic MAJESTY'S Government, guaranteed by
NAPOLEON the protection and encouragement of
his Government, requiring the expenditure of no
more than two millions and a half for its com-
pletion—the Honduras Railway promises clearly
enough to realise at last, and that Speedily, the
splendid day-dream of PATERSON.