The Sun.
London, England, 1869-10-16 00:00:00

THE SUN, LONDON, SATURDAY IVENING, OCTOBER 16, 1869.

THE LATE EDITION of " THE SUN " at
J. SMITH'S, 39, Bow-street, Covent-garden.

TRIHE LATE EDITION of "THE SUN" at
IL W. sminrs Camden Stores," 78, Park-street, Camden

town.

THE LATE EDITION of " THE SUN' at
JAMES SPEEDY'S, "The Wehington,"Wellington-street,
3.rand.

ASECOND GREAT HARVEST FETE at
the CRYSTAL PALACE NEXT MONDAY.
Additional Novel Attractions. FIREWORKS and
FOUNTAINS at Seven o'clock. Blondin over the rope
on a Bicycle, Ethardo's Spiral Ascent, Velocipede Con-
test, Harvest Trophies and Decorations. Extra and spe-
cial Trains and Excursions. One Shilling Day.
NoTs.— The Harvest Feto of last Monday was attended
by nearly 23,000 Persons, and this repetition is induced
from the satisfaction evinced by those present Mit.

CRYSTAL PALACE—MONDAY EVENING,
at Seven.—MAGNIFICENT DISPLAY of FIRE-
WORKS and ILLUMINATION of FOUNTAINS. The
display includes Immense Cascade of / ire, New Combi-
nation Great Shells, Illumination of Great Fountain, and
Grand Magnesium Balloons, and Special Great Harvest
Devices. The whole undertaken by the Company's pyro-
technists, Messrs. C. T. Brock and Co., of Nnnhead.

CRYSTAL PALACE.—Mons. BLONDIN has
the honour to announce to his patrons and friends
that on MONDAY NEXT, October 18th (the Second
Great Harvest Fete Day), he will TRAVERSE the
LONG ROPE at the Crystal Palace on a BICYCLE,
made expressly for the occasion.

The Bicycle has been manufactured for him by Messrs.
Gardiner and Mackintosh, engineers, New Cross, without
weights or attachments of any kind. Excepting the
slightly grooved wheels, it is the facsimile of an ordinary
Bicycle, and will travel as well by road as on the rope.
Mons. Blondin considers it due to himself to make this
announcement, that it may be thoroughly understood that
in thus traversing the long rope at the Crystal Palaco he
is indebted to no other aid than that power of balance
which has met with so much applause from his kind sup-
porters in this country for the past eight years.
Crystal Palace, October 15, 1869.

nLONDIN and ETHARDO at the CRYSTAL
PALACE.—LIGHTED UP till t3even EACH
vvvviNG NEXT WEEK.

THEATRE-ROYAL DRURY-LANE.
dole Lessee and Manager, Mr. F. B. Chatterton.
This EvErlnvo, at 7, BELLES OF THE KITCHEN. At 8,
FORMOSA : Messrs. Barrett, H Irving, David Fisher, Brittain,
Wright, John Rouse; Mrs Billington, Misses M. Brennan, Mac-
donald. and Katharine Rodgers. Conclude with BORROWED
PLUMf.S.

THEATRE-ROYAL, ADELPHI.

Tins EVENING, at 7, TOO MITCH OF A GOOD THING
Mr A shley, Mr, Stephenson, and the Misses Harris. Followed
by LOST AT SEA: Mr A. Stirling, Ur G. Belmore, Mr E.
Atkins, Mr Beveridge, Mr Stephenson, Mr Smith, Mr Romer;
Miss Rose Leelercq, Miss Eliza Johnstone, Miss Lennox Grey,
Mrs Leigh Murray. And DOMESTIC ECONOMY: Mr G.
Belmore and Mrs L. Murray.

,ftry c4ii,A96„S`
v Nig
_
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LONDON, SA7URDAY, OCT. 16, 1869.

Don't we all know the old proverb, which tells us
in the first line, " Convince a fool against his will,"
and then adds defiantly—" He's of the same opinion
still." But the proverb admits of modification.
Applying thecouplet, not to a fool, but to a clever man
actuated by feelings of cold-blooded malignity, you
will find that the obstinate and implacable pertina-
city with which that clever man, on being .convinced
against his will, clings, to the very last, to his first
opinion, is just as astounding. We can only com-
pare this impertinence of judgment, as we may term
it, to the dogged resolution with the man,
seated astride on the sign, with his face
to the inn-wall, in IloGAnnt's picture, holds
on to it with a blind confidence, while the saw
frets its way through the very beam upon which
he is seated! Let the Malignant be one whose argu-
ment, to begin with, amounts to nothing less than a
slander of the most infamous kind, wholly unsup-
ported by any evidence whatever, and a slander,
moreover, which is directed against those who are dead,
and who, therefore, cannot by any possibility defend
themselves, and the impenitence of his judgment,
where the case is proved dead against him, becomes
we may be certain more than ever conspicuous. It
has been, it continues to be, precisely thus with the
Saturday Review, in its shameful persistence through
thick and thin, in insisting in defiance of facts, and
dates, and documents of unimpeachable authenticity,
that Mrs. STOWE'S foul and monstrous libel is, for all
that, to be maintained and justified. The most
flagrant illustration of this really malignant imper-
tinence on the part of the ono otherwise emi-
nent newspaper, which has condescended to
defend per fas et nefas the slanderous imputations
directed by Mrs. BEECHER STOWE against Lord
BYRON and the HOD. AUGUSTA LElGH—the most
flagrant illustration of its impertinence, yet afforded
by the Saturday Review in this matter, is presented
to public view in its impression of to-day, in a brief,
stubborn, and, from first to last, most illogical article,
headed "Lord BYRON and the Academy." The
Academy is no other, of course, than the new
literary organ, started only a few days since
by Mr. MURRAY, of Albemarle Street, and
the very first contribution appearing in the
first number of which, was a document, the
authentication of which the Saturday Review itself
admits, in so many words, to be complete ! What is
that document ? It is a paper drawn up by Lord
BYRON in 1817, when he was residing at Vienna or its
immediate neighbourhood. It was given by him to
MATTHEW GREGORY LEWIS, commonly called MONK
LEWIS, who died in the year afterwards under rather
suspicious circumstances [it was supposed that he was
poisoned by a black slave to whom he had promised
emancipation] the very year afterwards. In this
document Lord BYRON protests again—we have it
now under his authenticated hand-writing and sig-
nature—that he implored to the very last for an in-
vestigation a public and searching investiga-
tion as to the causes of the separation ! In it he
declares that, to the moment of his writing the
document, he was left in entire ignorance as to 1,
whatever these causes might be. In it he besought
Lady BYRON and her friends in the most moving
terms to allow the deed of separation to be
cancelled, so that the whole matter might be in-
quired into, and the trutb, whatever it was, dragged
to the light of day in an open court of law. All this
we have, in this completely authenticated document,
written by the hand of Lord BYRON and signed with
his undeniable autograph. The document itself is
now in the safe keeping of ?Jr. MURRAY. It can be
produced. Yet it goes for nothing in the estimation
of the impenitent and implacable Saturday Review.
The whole thing is swept aside with the
flippant inquiry —" Are we to believe Lord
BYRON or Lady BYRON?" To• which we
would reply at once by another inquiry—Where
is there adducible any opposing document in Lady
BYRON'S handwriting, and autheniticated by her
signature ? Produce a document of that kind, and
then ask, if you will, " Are we to believe Lord
BYRON or Lady BYRON ?" Though even, then, the
simple, unsupported accusation of Lad, Byßox would

have to be supported by some fiimmering of ccr-
roborative evidence of some kill or another—for
the whole force of the argument gainst her is that
she was suffering under an aberrtion of judgment
that she was fired by a craze, thatshe was labouring
under a frightful and wholly unjutifiable hallucina-
tion. Besides, as the Edinburgh Zeview says, in the
newly published number, only jus.out (No. 266, for
this present October)—" Whatevr may be said or
thought of Lord BYRON, it seems b us impossible to
convict or even suspect a lady like Ars. LEIGH of a foul
and unnatural offence on such eidence as that of
Mrs. BEECHER STowE." So say re. The Saturday
Review thinks otherwise. It seenmgly gloats over
this atrocious attempt to blast thcreputation of a
lady like Mrs. LEIGH," though that poor lady's
dust is lying helplessly in her pave, though her
honour is still very near and verydear to the hearts
of her living and breathing grandchildret I

TIIE new cry for Reciprocity n Free Trade has
been taken up in earnest by the two leading Conser-
vative journals, and it seems not improbable that a
serious stand may shortly be mate on that ground.
The new school of economists iisclaim all idea of
Protection proper; that corps:, has been too
long buried to be exhumed now; but it is
urged that if we in Enghnd adopt Free
Trade, other nations ought to meet us in
a similar spirit. If we lower our tariffs, our
neighbours ought to lower theirs. England, it is
argued, ought not to afford French manufacturers
advantages which France only partially returns ;
American commodities ought not to be admitted here
on such easy terms, whilst English nro4ucls are
uala “.• VA{ tau. ~/11 4.110 LULL A.) WACO°
Such is the reciprocity doctrine ; but • a glance
is sufficient to shew that it presents no element
of novelty, that it is, in fact, merely the old
fallacy in a new dress. It is, indeed, suffi-
ciently obvious that reciprocal trading if it could
be brought about would be highly advantageous ; for
if Free Trade be a good thing, the wider the area over
which it extends the greater must be its benefits.
But though a nation can deal with its own duties at
will, it has no power to bring about a reduction in
the tariffs of other States. It may exhort, and its
example may lead to imitation—as the example
of England is gradually doing ; but if another
Government persists in maintaining a high scale of
duties, there is no help for it. All that could be done
would be to pay the illiberal States in their own coin,
and to exact high duties upon the commodities of
those nations which demanded high duties upon ours.
This is, in fact, the very course which the Recipro-
cityadvoacbateandsoandmviesnet of
; buttheit involves nothing less
than the
principles
and a return to the obsolete practice
of ofProtection.
Free Trade
High duties are still the rule in most
countries. Free Trade is spreading rapidly; but it is
yet a young doctrine, and its development is far from
complete. Even those States which have begun to
favour a liberal trade policy, such as France, are still
far in the rear of this country. It is clear, then, that
an attempt to enforce Reciprocity would involve a
total remodelling of the trade system of Britain, un-
less foreign countries unanimously remodelled theirs,
which is far from probable at present. Nor would
such Reciprocity be real, for it would be impossible
in practice to meet the commercial policy of many
different countries by a similar policy on our part ; to
grant a liberal tariff to one, a moderate scale to another,
and to deal stingily with a third. And even if such
a wretched course were practicable, it would not be
advantageous. The advocates of Reciprocity seem to
overlook altogether the truth which forms the funda-
mental principle of Free Trade—that a low tariff
benefits most the country which adopts it. In other
words, we derive more profit from lowering our own
duties than from a reduction of imposts on
the part of our neighbours. A liberal English
tariff benefits the whole English people by
attracting the cheapest and best products from all
parts of the world. A liberal French tariff can benefit
(directly) only those English manaactures which find a
market in France. This latter is an important considera-
tion, certainly ; but is it of such importance as the
former ? The essence of Protection is the sacrifice of
the interests of the many to the interests of the few
Reciprocity would have the same result. There can,
therefore; be no doubt as to the character of the new
doctrine, though it may appear harmless, and on paper
even laudable. Protection has come back to us "like
a thief from transportation," under the guise of Reci-
procity, and it must be dealt with accordingly.

FAR more important and disquieting than the
Republican rising in Spain are the constant disputes
and collisions between the poorer orders and the
authorities in France. Notwithstanding the material
concessions made since last July, the working classes
are EMPEROR'S Government,
either still atwar
rfrom industrialwithh
tore
political causes, or from the
combination of both. Popular commotion prevails in
every part of the country. There are strikes in half
a dozen different places at once. The other day all
the hands in a large coal pit at Aubin turned out in a
body, other pits followed the example, and soon a
raging mob of 600 men, with women and children, pro-
ceeded to assault their superior officers and destroy the
works. A night's reflection did not calm the temper of
the malcontents ; the next morning they assailed a
detachment of soldiers, fought with iron bars and
stones, and left thirty killed and wounded on the
field. It will naturally be presumed that the
grievance which led many hundred workmen to
engage in this deadly strife was of the most
serious character. Nothing of the kind : the first
journal in France assures us that the men demanded
nothing but the dismissal of an overseer, who had
offended them in some way—they knew not how.
Coming to Paris we find political agitation still
rife. The workmen and the firebrands who practice
upon their ignorance and credulity have lately held
several public meetings, at all of which the most
violent attacks upon the Imperial Government
have been indulged in, and one of which
degenerated into a riot. The name of • the
police prefect had been taken in vain,
and the agent present dissolved the meeting.
The meeting, however, refused to be dissolved, and a
scuffle between the police and .the "citizens," who
formed the audience, was the result. Then the
mob adopted one of those expedients which an
English crowd would never think of, but which
the wit of Frenchmen constantly turns to
account. A. young man got upon a shutter, and pre-
tended to be dead or wounded. He was carried
about the streets amid the excited cries of a large
and rapidly-increasing multitude. The fun ceased
only when a sagacious sergent de vile pricked the
dead man with the point of his rapier and awakened
him to life.

Such is a single specimen of the riotous freaks to
which the Paris populace is esp
now. They are laughable in some respects, but they
ecially prone just
show that a dangerous spirit is rising in France—the
spirit which destroyed the Government in 1830 and
in 1848, though it may have no such effect upon the
firmly-knit second Empire. And mad as these riots
are, they are not wholly without explanation. There
is even something to be said on behalf of the
workmen who indulge in mysterious strikes, for
hand-labourers in France have smaller gains than in
England, and they are, moreover, very rigidly treated
by the law. Blood, too, is shed more freely
across the channel; very little is required to
induce a column of French soldiers to dis-
charge their chassepols. This severity seems partly
to explain, though not to excuse, the irritation which
every now and then breaks out amongst the artisans
of the "fair land." In politics the Government un-
doubtedly lays itself open to tae charge of inconsis-
tency. It gives with one hand and takes away with
the other. It allows public meetings to be
held, but a police agent is present at each,
watches every action and lakes in every word,
dissolving the meeting—often on very frivolous pre-
texts—if anything obnoxious le said. The EMPEROR
may, indeed, be pardoned fir hesitating to grant

the Paris Republicans unbridled licence of
public meeting. Much more than freedom
of writing has freedom of speech contributed to
the overthrow of French Governments. We all
know how the sectional meetings in 1789 overawed
the States-General, and virtually ruled France. But
to grant the right of public meeting, and to post a
police-officer in each assembly, with unlimited power
of interference can only produce irritation. A. restric-
tion so galling utterly neutralises the value—to the
French—of the boon.

IJ

HER MAJESTY.

BALMORAL CASTLE, Oct. 14.
The Queen, attended by the Marchioness of, Ely,
walked and drove this morning.

Her Majesty, accompanied by Princess Augustus
and Princess Amelie of Saxe- Coburg, and Princess
Louise, went out in the afternoon.
The Right Hon. Edward Cardwell had the
honour of dining with the Queen and the royal

The very extensive Distillery now being erected
at Belfast, with all recent improvements for the manufacture of
Irish whisky, by Messrs. DUNVILLE & Co., who have gained
a world-wide celebrity for their tine old Irish whisky, is to be
called "The Royal Irish Distillery."

HIGH WATER AT LONDON BRIDGE.
MORNING. EVENING
SATURDAY 40 min past 11 9 min past 12
SUNDAY 10 min past 12 30 min past 12
MONDAY 53 min past 12 10 min past 1
TUESDAY 30 min past 1 50 min oast 1
WEDNESDAY 3 min past 2 18 min past 2
THURSDAY 32 min past 2 50 min past '2
FRIDAY