The Sun.
London, England, 1860-01-30 00:00:00

GARIBALDI ON THE BRITISH

VOLUNTEERS.

The editor of the Court Journal having written
to Garibaldi for his opinion on the British volun-
teer movement, the following answer has been re-
turned : —" As regards the volunteer force, I believe
that England has done the best thing possible in
availing herself of such an armament, and that this
wise measure will render her territory impregnable
against any foreign invasion. Would that my
country would follow the example ! Above all
theory in the art of warfare, one practical fact
reigns triumphant—' defeat the enemy'—a truth
that will always triumph over all theories. The
retreat of the most disciplined troops of Austria
before the less disciplined Zouaves proves that a
man may be a soldier without wearing a tight
tunic or a tight cravat. The shepherds of Paulus
Emilius, armed only with daggers, rushing on the
Macedonian phalanx, those terrible conquerors of
Asia—the clouds of French Voltigeurs of the Army
of the Republic-4nd, lastly, the Bersaglieri and
Zouaves at St. Martino, Magenta, Solferino, and
Palestro—prove that masses are not alone useful
in battle fields, and that Volunteers, Bersaglieri,
and Zouaves, need not learn how to fight in close
order, like troops of the line. Discipline is, no
doubt, the basis of the organisation of all arma-
ments, and without it war cannot be correctly
carried on; but why should not volunteers, who
have sworn not to abandon their standards during
the danger of their country, have the same disci-
pline as regular corps ? Are patriotism and en-
thusiasm such despicable and heterogeneous senti-
ments as to destroy regularity in national troops?
Certainly they are not despicable, since, in every
war, a wise chief derives advantages from them in
his harangues and his proclamations ; and the
First Napoleon, who was master of half Europe,
and the best army in the world, was defeated
by the patriotism of the English so-called shop-
keepers, of whom he appeared to have no great
opinion. If Great Britain organises her 200,000
volunteers, it will form the nucleus of a million
of armed patriots, in case of need, if she con-
tinues to, train them (and that will net be diffi-
cult for the English), so that they be;ome as
disciplined as regular troops—we shall then see who
will dare to invade the asylum of all, and the pro-
tectress if the universe. I believe that the theory
of great regularity of the masses and lines is gene-
rally carried too far, and that the open order of
battle is too much neglected, as it has become nece-
sary, through the perfection of fire-arms, and
through the obstacles that cultivation has accumu-
lated at every step. If there is a country in Europe
that has served for fields of battle, and continues to
do so, that country is certainly and, unfortunatly,
Italy. How many places are there in Italy where
a squadron formed in line, or a regiment in square,
could fight ? I believe that there are very few. On
the other hand, places may be found in all direc-
tions which are adapted to the Bersaglieri. In
short, I think that several lines of Bersaglieri, sus-
tained by a few masses of troops, would be the most
convenient order of battle in our country, and in
many others; and that volunteers can be adapted,
for this end, to the same kind of manoeuvres as the
troops of the line. I have read the valuable paper
by Sir John Burgoyne, on volunteers; and, although
I do not know enough English, and have not had
the time to form a thorough judgment upon it, it
seems to me to be the work of an intelligent soldier,
who has seen many fields of battle. Ido not, how-
' ever, agree with him that 50,000 veterans will
defeat 100,000 volunteers, if the latter have the dis-
cipline that" all troops ought to have ; and that they
are, as may be imagined, animated by the love of
their country. I do not yet know the way in which
the English volunteers are organised ; but I believe,
however, that for volunteers, in all countries, the
training of the Bersaglieri is the best. The light-
ness of their uniforms the open order that forms the
basis of their manoeuvring, without hindering them
from acting in mast es, when the occasion presents
itself, and, above all, the swiftness of their move-
ments, make them the most perfect soldiers I have
known. I wish that all the Italian army was com-
posed of Bersaglieri ; and I do not doubt that such
an organisation would also be easily attainable by
English volunteers, English soldiers having ob-
tained the reputation of intrepidity and coolness
under fire.

EXTR A ORDINARY AND PRR IL OUB
PASSAGE OF AN AMERICAN LINER.

LIVERPOOL, SATURDAY.
A few weeks ago considerable surprise was ma-
nifested in commercial and nautical circles at the
return to Liverpool of the American packet-ship
Sardinia, Capt. Crocker, having been at sea upwards
of 40 days, on her passage from Liverpool to New
York, having encountered a succession of westerly
gales. The only material injury, however, received
by the Sardinia was the loss of her sails, and some
damage to the rigging ; her hull being quite sound,
and her cargo comparatively uninjured.
We have now to record the return to the Mersey
of another first-class American ship, the Eagle
Speed, of Boston, of 1,400 tons, one of Messrs.
Warren and Thayer's (formerly Train's) line of
Liverpool and Boston packets, after being tossed
about on the billows of the Atlantic for the space of
eight weeks-56 days.
The Eagle Speed, Capt. David S. Fuller, cleared
from Liverpool Nov. 29,1859, for Boston, and sailed
on the 2d of December, with a large cargo of gene-
ral merchandise on board, and having a crew of 30
seamen, chiefly
.Americans. Stormy weather pre-
vailed at the time of the departure of the vessel,
and Captain Fuller was compelled to put into Stud-
well Roads, on the Welsh coast, for shelter from a
westerley gale, then sweeping across the Channel.
Nothing but heavy gales was experienced by the
Speed Eagle for the next 30 days, in the course of
which the vessel became leaky, causing the crew
to be almost constantly at the pumps. On the
11th it blew a terrific gale from the N.W., when
her rudder twisted, and sprung, rendering the ship
almost unmanageable, and all her sails were blown
away. The crew were sick and in a quite exhausted
state, and Capt. Fuller, being then in lat. 44 2 N.,
and long. 41 10 W., or rather two-thirds of the pas-
sage across the Atlantic, seeing no prospect, with his
disabled ship and sick crew, of completing his voyage,
deemed it advisable to return, if possible, to Cork
to refit. He sighted Cork on the 21st inst., during
that terrific hurricane which swept the entire coast
of the United Kingdom, committing such frightful
ravages amongst the shipping in its course—the
fatal results of which will be long remembered. His
vessel being in a crippled and leaking condition,
his crew all sick and in a very exhausted state, his
sails and topsail yards being all carried away in the
gale, Capt. Fuller found it impossible to enter Cork
harbour, and accordingly bore away for Liverpool,
where he arrived safely on Friday
.night. Until
the cargo is discharged the loss sustained by either
ship or cargo cannot be accurately ascertained ; but
from the straining she received and the length of
time she was leaking, there is no doubt the damage
both is considerable. It was a fortunate circum-
stance that she had no passengers on board.
The Eagle Speed was a well-known trader be-
tween Liverpool and North America, and Captain
Fuller is an experienced officer.. .His ability,. as a
seaman is proved by his bringing his ship, crippled
and disabled as she was, and with her exhausted
crew, safely through the late gales, so disastrous to
hundreds of other vessels along the coast.

[ADVERTISEMENT.)—Holloway's Ointment and Pills.—
Rheumatism—Gout—Neuralgia—The damp weather com-
monly prevailing at this season renders the above diseases
almost epidemic. In some shape or other, all except the
most robust, are tortured by them. Let all such sufferers
turn with confidence to Holloway's Ointment and Pills,
which for a quarter of a century have been lauded above all
other drugs for their soothing and curative powers in these
complaints. The affected parts, first fomented with warm
water, should be rubbed with the Ointment twice a day as
briskly as is bearable. The Pills should be taken et the same
time to obtain the full beneficial effect, so that While the
Ointment sootheg locally, the Pills, purify, stimulate, and
etrengthen generally.

LONDON AND SOUTH-WESTERN

BAILIFAY.

The adjourned special general meeting of the
shareholders of the London and South-Western
Railway was held on Saturday at the offices of the
company, Wa.terloo Station, for the purpose of con-
sidering the proposed plans for the amalgamation
of the Portsmouth line with the undertakings of
the London and South-Western Company—Capt.
Mangles in the chair.
The CHAIRMAN stated that it was only at a meet-
ing of the legal advisers of the two companies,
held that morning, that the arrangement of the deed
had been finally agreed upon, and in consequence
. of this it had not been possible to prepare any re-
port to be sent to the shareholders. An amended
report had, however, been prepared, which he called
upon the secretary to read.
Mr. CROMI3IE read the amended report, the prin-
cipal features of which were the details of the
scheme of settlement which had been finally agreed
upon, and which were as follows :—" The debenture
debt of the Portsmouth Company is £92,000, and
interest at 41 per cent. per annum thereon (a rate
which is somewhat less than the rate which part
of the debt is for a period bearing, but which must
be considered more than enough to indemnify this
company in the run of years), will annually occupy
£3,910, of the £lB,OOO, and will annually leave
£14,090 to be • paid to the Portsmouth Company.
The whole £lB,OOO a year is to be divided into
144,000 annuities of 2s. 6d. per annum each. Of
these annuities 31,280, amounting to £3,910 per
annum, will be retained by this company to cover
the debenture interest at the agreed rate ; 87,500
more of them, amounting to £10,937 10s. per an-
num, will be issued to the Portsmouth proprietors
forthwith ; that is to say, 5 (or 12s. 6d. per annum)
in respect of each of these 17,500 shares of £2O
each, and the rest of the annuities (25,220) amount-
ing to £3,152 10s. per annum (or at 25 years' pur-
chase equal to £78,812 in money) are, together with
a portion of the rent now due to the Portsmouth
Company, to be retained by the South-Western
Company until all the remaining liabilities of the
Portsmouth Company—which the board have good
reason to believe do not exceed £63,ooo—have been
satisfied. The final balance, after every adopted
claim on the Portsmouth Company shall have been
discharged, will be distributed amongst the proprie-
tors of that company. The directors trust the ar-
rangement thus reported will be entirely satisfac-
tory to the proprietors."
The CHAIRMAN, in moving the adoption of the
report, said it was necessary for him to refer to one
or two portions of the report, and especially to
that which stated that the liabilities of the Ports-
mouth Railway Company were £63,000; while
the amount retained by the London and South-
Western Company was £78,812. Out of that
debt of £63,000 a sum of £30,000 was due upon
debentures,' which reduced the liabilities of the
Portsmouth Railway Company to £33,000, which
was a sum certified by the ehairman and secretary
of that company to be about the amount due. To
this £78,000 there was to be added a balance of
£3,500 out of the £lB,OOO of rent due to the Ports-
mouth Company, which would leave in round
numbers £58,000 in the hands of the South-Western
to meet £33,000 of liabilities of the Portsmouth
Railway. These accounts had been very closely
looked into by the directors of the Portsmouth
Railway, and they had expressed an opinion that
after meeting all the existing liabilities there would
be a considerable sum to divide among the proprie-
tors.

• - - - -
ANOTHER HEAVY GALE AND SNOW( the volunteer forces which were now being raised at
STORM: Southampton and elsewhere, and said that be should
v.-ay it regret it tney had determined to inter-
NUMEROUS FATAL AND OTHER LOSSES fere in this respect with the right which every En g-
ON THE COAST. lishman possessed of joining any body of volun-
.
The acce-nts received on Saturday at .T,!or 's tcers.
iron) curio _ outports speak of a very heavy gale, s
ranging from the S.W. to the N.E., accompanied in
the more northern districts by snow, having swept
the coast on Thursday night and Friday morning.
The 77cezker ailing the week had ueen exceedingly
tempestuous, but as dusk set in on Thursday the
Wind gradually increased till it blew a violent gale.
The result of its fury is too sadly told in a long list
of casualties which have coine to hand. In several
instances there has been a serious loss of life, in ad-
dition to a considerable destruction of property.
The colliers trading from the Tyne and the Tees
to the Thames and southern ports hfYST tut-fend
considerably. Between eight and nine o'clock
on Thursday evening, during the height of the gale,
and the snow falling heavily, no fewer than nine
brigs and one schooner were driven ashore in Robin
Hood's Bay, between Scarborough and Whitby, and
it is feared tisat most of them will become wrecks.
They are the Earl Bathurst, Jones, of Hartlepool ;
Swan, Davidson, of Sunderland; Marion, Walters,
of Exeter ; Athens and Hebe, of Shields ; Emily,
Gibeon, of North Shields; Veronica, Robinson, of
Scarborough ; William, Watson, of Hartlepool ; and
the Miriam, of Sunderland. They lie amongst rocks
and large stones, and two of the vessels have since
gone to pieces. Most providentially the whole of
the crews were saved. Similar fearful weather was
experienced off the mouth of the Tyne. The snow
fell heavily, With a heavy sea on the bar. In at-
tempting to make the harbour the barque Sharp, of
New castle,: upon the Herd Sand. Another
barque, the' Medium, Blyth, from Liverpool, shared
a similar fate upon the same sand. Both crews
were preserved by the lifeboot, which pushed up
through a tremendous sea in the most gallant style.
Nearly 20 colliers are reported to have foundered
either from springing a leak in consequence of their
heavy labouring, or being in collision, on the north
eastern coast. They were, the Sir Henry Webb,
brig, from Newcastle to the Thames ; abandoned off
the Dudgeon. The William Hutt, brig, of Scar-
borough ; abandoned near Lowestoft. The John
and Isabella, brig, front the Tyne to London, went
down in 13 fathoms, off Southwold. The Mayflower,
from London for Hartlepool; abandoned near Flam-
borough head. The brig Pallas, Captain Rock,
from Shields for London, went down on the Size-
well Bank, and the master, mate, and three of the
seamen drowned. The schooner James Dixon,
from the Tyne for Shields ; abandoned, after being
in collision on Thursday night. The Jane Heatley,
from Warkworth for Boulogne, sprang a leak,
and foundered some 50 miles off Flamborough
Head. The Jane Baxter, from the Tyne to Mal-
don, foundered after being in contact. The schooner
Copy, of and from Sunderland, for Southampton,
after being in collision. The schooner Express,
from Hartlepool for Rochester. The Syren,
from Shields to London, abandoned some 40
miles off the Humber. The Clydeside brig, of Col-
chester, from Shields, sunk after being in collision,
between the Cutter and the Whiting Sands. The
Severn of Colchester' abandoned off the Spurn.
The Tranby, from the Tyne to London, sunk off the
Spurn. The schooner Ulysses, from Newcastle for
Wells, sunk in Ryhope ; and the Jane, of Berwick,
abandoned off Flamborough. The list does not in-
clude what may be called coasting and trading ves-
sels, which appear to have sustained many dis-
asters.
Higher up the eastern coast there were several
casualties :—The Aurora, Increase, of Harwich, re-
ports a schooner sinking on the inner part of Ship-
wash, on Thursday evening. An English flag was
flying in her rigging, and she was supposed to be
about 200 tons. Another schooner was seen to have
sunk about two miles below the S.W. buoy of the
Shipwash. The fate of the crews is uncertain. It is
thought that the latter vessel had been in collision.
A boat, bearing the name of George Duncan,
Dundee, was picked up a few miles to the south-
ward of Oldborough. It contained two oars, 11
bags of clothes, five flags, and a quadrant and com-
pass, but nothing had been seen of the crew.
A very disastrous loss is announced to have taken
place in Freshwater Bay, between Milford Haven
and Tenby. The Spanish barque Carlo, bound to
London, from Smyrna, went ashore, and became a
loss, and a boat which left the ship, containing the
captain and six of the hands, had not been heard of
since, and it is believed that they have perished.
The remainder of the crew succeeded in reaching
the shore.

The eliAlltMAN, in returning thanks, said that
the directors had not interfered in the manner re-
ferred to by the hon. proprietor, as they felt they
had no right to interfere with the after hours of
ith respect to the arrangement
now made with the Portsmouth Company, he wished
to avoid the impression going abroad that the Lon-
don and South-Western Company had made a bad
bargain. They could not suppose that a district of
country so wide as that betwixt the Three Bridges
on the Brighton Railway and Winchester would, in
the face of what was going on in every part of the
country, be allowed to remain long unoccupied by
a railway. When such a line had been made it
was very much better that it should be in the hands
of the London and South-Western than in any
other. The Portsmouth Railway had not been
handed over to the South-Western Company.upon
terms which were anything but remunerative to
the shareholders who had made it, and for a sum
considerably less than the South-Western Company
could have made it. He believed that it would not
be an unprofitable transaction for the South-Wes-
tern Company, and the reports which had been
received from those conversant with the traffic upon
the line were of an encouraging nature with respect
to the future.

In reply to a question put by Mr. HERAPATFI,
The CHAIRMAN stated that the directors were on
the most perfect terms of amity with the London
and Brighton Railway Company.
The proceedings then terminated.

At the meeting of the Portsmouth Railway share•
holders resolutions authorising the directors to carry
out the agreement upon the basis of the terms ex-
plained at the South-Western meeting were also
agreed to.