The Sun.
London, England, 1856-06-02 00:00:00

LONDON, MONDAY EYENING, JUNE 2, 1856.

GR A NIY',I3A.Z AAR, T 0-MiORRO•W
(rUESDAY), June 3,21? y the .kind permission of the
Royal • ToxophOlito Society, in their beautiful Grounds in the
RVGENT'S7PA.RK, entrance by ,York Gate, on behalf of the
HOSPiTAT. FOR CONSUMPTION AND DISEASES
• OF THE CHEST, BROMPTON.
Admission by payment of 2s. 6d. each at the gates ; or
tickets may be . obtained at lir. Mitchell's Library, Old
Bond-street; Mr. Sams's Library, S. James's-street ; of
Messrs. Leader and Cock, 63, NeW Bond-street ; Mr.
011ivier, 19, Old Bond-street ; and at the Hospital.'
.Children sunder 12 years of .ate Is. 6d. each. Admission ou
the Third Day, ls. each; Children, 6d. each. ,
By the kind permission of Col: the Hon. Cecil Weld Fores-
ter, the Band of the Royal Horse Guards (Blue) will be in
attendance. •

,The Bazaar will be opened at Two o'clock. Ample provi-
sion is blade to meet the contingency of unfavourable weather.
Carriages to enter by York Gate. New-road. • ,
PHILIP ROSE, Hon. Secretary.
. . ' OSBORN P. CROSS, Secretary.

GREAT 'WESTERN RAILWA Y.-
CUE AP EXCURSION to BATH and BRISTOL.—A Train
will leave PaddingtOn on SUNDAY, June Bth, at 7.45 a.m., return-
ing the same evening at 6.30 from Bristol, and 7 o'clock from Bath.
Fares—Bristol, 10s. and 6s. ; and-Bath, 9s. and ss.

a_IiEXT • WESTERN, RAILWAY.-
,ETON REGATTA.—On WEDNESDAY; June 4th, Trains
Will leave Paddington for Windsor at 10.30 a.m., 11 a.m., 11.30 a.m.,
.2.50 p.m., 1.30 p.m., 2 p.m., 2.45 p.m., 4 if.an., 5.30 p.m., and 6.15
P.m., and will return from Windsor to Paddington at b p.m., 6.5
p.m., 8.10 p.m., and 9-p.m-. After the Fireworks Special Trains will
leave Windsor for Paddington' and intermediate stations at 10.30
p.m., and for (Word, 'Reading, Twyford, and Maidenhead at, 10.20
p.m. •

GRAND TRUNK RAILWAY COMPANY of
CANAD A.—Notice tsHereby Given, That a CALL of 27. 10s.
..er share on each and every,share of the A series of the shards of
•thliconipafty has been made, 'and will be due and payable on Mon-
day, the 16th June, 1856. ,
' A CALL of 104 will also be due and payable, on the,l6th June,
1856, on esteh' of the Certihates exchangeable for Company's De-
bentures, and on each. or.hor Certificates- exeitaneable for Ltetieri---
tures of the Province of Canada.
Six per cent. interest will be charged on the Calls as long as they
emain in arrear.
A Call Letter has been sent to each shareholder for the payment of
the Call on his shares. The Debenture Certificates must be presented
at the Bankers, in order that the payment of the Call may be marked
upon them.
All payments to be made at the Banking House of Messrs. Glyn,
Mills, and Co., 67, Lombard-street.
By order of the Board.
C. P. RONEY, Secretary.
Offices of the Company, 21, Old Bt ead-street,
London, 31st May, 1356.

GREAT INDIAN PENINSULAR RAIL-
WAY COMPANY: creation 1,000,0001. further Capital.—
The Board of Directors hereby intimate to the 'shareholders of the
Great Indian Peninsular Railway Company that the Hon. East
India Company have sanctioned the raising of further capital in this
Company to the extent of 1,000,0001., with interest guaranteed at
the rate of 5 per cent. per annum.
It has accordingly been resolved, pursuant to the Act, to issue the
said capital rateably among the shareholders, in shares of 201. each,
one new share to be given in virtue of every three shares of 201
value upon the register of the Company on the 22d of May inst., and
the Board have, by such resolution, made a call of 21. per share on
every new 201. share so allotted/with the option to the shareholder
of paying up the whole 201.), which is thereby declared payable at
the Bank of Messrs. Heywood, Kennards, and Co., Lombard-street,
London, on or before the 26th day of June next.
Circular letters of allotment, with directions of payment and forms
of receipt, will be forwarded to the address of the several share-
holders. (Signed)

CORNELIUS NICHOLSON, Superintending Director.
3, New Bond-street, May 16, 1856.
The books for the registration of shares will be closed from Thurs-
day, the 22d of May inst.. to Wednesday, 4th of June inclusive.

TOURS IN IRELAND IN 1856.
Commencing Ist June, and terminating 30th September.
The Public is respectffilly informed that arrangements have been
again entered into by the Chester and Holyhead Railway Company
with the principal Railway Companies in England, Scotland, and
Ireland, and with the City of Dublin Company, by which First and
Second Class

"IRISH TOURIST TICKETS"
will be issued at the following stations and prices :
London (Euston Station), Newcastle. Dur- IST Crass. 2D Crass.
ham, Berwick ...... ••.. • • .... •••• .. • • £6 10 0 £5 5 0
Edinburgh, Glasgow, Hull, Bristol, Carlisle,

Darlington,Scarboro' ....: 66 0 55 0
Worcester, Cheltenham, Gloucester, Oxford 515 0 415 0

York...

- ....:..... •• 510 0 410 0

Birmingham, Rugby, Leamington, Coventry,

Lincoln 5 5 0 4 5 0
Wolverhampton, Huddersfield, Leeds, •Shef-
field, Derby— *• ••
Preston...... ........................

Manchester. Warrington, Stoke, Macclesfield 4 4 0 310 0
Liverpool, Che5ter............ ...... •• .. 4 0 0 3 5 0

These tickets (which iri no cam are transferable) will be available
for One Month from the date of issue. They will enable the Holders
to proceed to Chester, thence to Bangor, Holyhead, and Dublin,
from Dublin to Cork, situate on the picturesque River Lee. and
within ten miles of the celebrated Harbour, Dockyard, and Naval
station of Queenstown (Cove) ; from Cork back to Mallow, and
thence by the Killarney Junction Railway to the far-famed

• By the

Cape: Hi4g]

'en•i•oute

mau; From

the 17th is

rived at G.

dates.
'The He:
number e

America,

the usual

passed the

northward
The ROY
the 15th i:

AMERICA.,

A telegn
that on the

President,
State, Sec]

Gener9,l, is
March last
May 8, faa.
between' the

the republ:

to the-con,

rica. The
"The na,
of North as
foran easy
oceans, has

,1 Arne,

ntin en ts
affords
Pacific
America,

the objec t onviercial
nations ; an. Igmented
in modern oom-
mercial relat If steam
Kea a motiva powt , Ott
ac-
count of its geographic., poi „ _ political
interest as an American State, the isthmus is of pe-
culiar importance—just as the isthmus of Suez is, for
corresponding reasons, to the commercial Powers
of Europe. But, above all, the importance to the
United States of securing a free transit across the Ame-
rican isthmus has become of paramount importance since
the settlement of the territories of Washington and Ore-
gon, and the accession of California. Impelled by these
considerations the United States took steps at an early
day to assure suitable means for commercial transit, by
canal, railway, or otherwie, across the isthmus." After
speaking of the treaty with New Granada, securing the
right of transit, and the unsuccessful endeavour to ob-
tain from Mexico tits right of way at the noriharn extre-
mity of the isthmus, by way of Tehuantepec, the Presi,
dent alludes to the importance of the narrower point of
the isthmus for transit, and the permanent interest the
United States has in the security and protection of pro.
jected lines of travel. He adverts to the fact that, al-
though this Government has been solicited to extend its
protecting power, and avail itself of such advantages as
that protection would secure, still it has persevered in
a system of justice and respect for the rights and inte-
rests of others as well as our own, in regard to all Cen-
tral American States. He refers briefly to the posses-
sion taken by the British of the harbour of San Juan
del Norte almost immediately after the treaty of Guada-
lupe Hidalgo, and of the effect produced upon Nicaragua
by that act. He then adverts to the unsettled condition
of the Spanish American republics, and the solicitude
and regret such a state of affairs inspired in the United
States. The violent revolutions and wars with which
they have been continually agitated have made them
comparatively powerless—unable to afford due protec-
tion to foreign interests within their territory, or defend
their own soil against aggressions, foreign or domestic.
The burden of this state of things has, consequently, been
cast upon the foreign States associated in close rela-
tions of commercial intercourse. In speaking of
Mexico the President shows the fact that Great
Britain and France have both had occasion to resort
to their military power to enforce the rights of
their citizens against the independent Spanish
American States. He likewise alludes to the fact
that, although it would be as easy for the United States
to absorb new territory from Central Amerida as it is for
European States to do this in Asia or Africa, yet we have
abstained from it in obedience to considerations of right,
not less than of policy. He affirms that he has never
failed to discharge the duties which he owes to himself,
to his country, and to foreign Powers, and that he has
never failed sternly to exert all the authority in him
vested to repress unlawful enterprises because they are
in violation of the laws of the land which the constitution
requires him to faithfully execute, because they are con-
trary to the policy of this Government, and because to
permit them would be a departure from good faith with
the American republics in amity with us. Among the
American republics to which modern events have im-
parted the most prominence is that of Nicaragua, on ac-
count of its transit and otherwise. The President states
that in their struggles and troublesyteither being strong
enough to overcome the other, one of the parties (Cos-
Milieus) invited the assistance of a small body of citizens
of the United States, whose presence apparently put an
end to the struggle and restored quiet by placing at the
head of the Government a distinguished individual, by
birth a citizen of the republic—lion Patricio Rivas—as
its provisional President.

" Tile message, in allusion to the established policy of
the United States in relation to the recognition of fo-
reign Ministers, sets forth the following principles ;
" ' We recognise all Governments, without question
as to their source or organisation, or the means by which
the governing powers attain their power, provided there
be a Government de facto, accepted by the people of the
country.

" We do not go behind the fact of a foreign Govern-
ment exercising the actual power to investigate ques-
tions of legitimacy.

" ' We do not inquire into the causes which may have
led to a change of Government. To us it is indifferent
whether a ■uccessful revolution has teen aided by fo-
reign intervention or not ; whether insurrection has over-
thrown the existing Government, and another been
established in its place according to the pre-eicisting
form,, or in a manner adopted for the occasion by those
whom we may find in the actual possession of power.
" All these matters are left to the people and the
public authorities of countries respectively. During the
67 years of our existence under our present constitution
we have had occasion to recognise Governments de facto
founded either by domestic revolution or by military in-
vasion from abroad, in many of the Governments of
Europe.
" The principle is vastly more important as appli-
cable to the Central American States, where revolutions
are constantly occurring. Therefore when the Minister
from Nicaragua presented himself some months since,
bearing the commission of President Rivas, if the facts
which are now presented had existed, he must have
been received.

" The various objections to him were stated. An-
other Minister now presented himself, and had been re-
ceived, satisfactory evidence appearing that he repre-
sents the Government de facto and—so far as such
exists---the Government de jure of that republic.'
"The President adds other considerations of interest
to this country to enforce thepropriety of this reception.
" The message states that a special commissioner has
deen despatched to Panama to investigate the facts of the
late occurrence in that quarter, and suggests that other
measures for the security of transit must be resorted to ;
and that, if the present constitutional power of the Pre-
sident is not sufficient, he will communicate to the Con-
gress such recommendations as the exigencies of the case
may indicate.
" The documents accompanying the message are very
voluminous. Those from the Attorney-General comprise
instructions to prevent the fitting out of expeditions,
military or naval, for invading the territory of any
foreign Powers.
" The report of the Secretary of the Navy embraces
various orders to the commanders of the Susquehanna,
Potomac, Fulton, and St. Mary's. To Commodore
Paulding the Secretary encloses a copy of the statement
of Captain Tinklepaugh, of the Orizaba, saying that it
presents a case which makes it manifest that our flag
should be shown at San Juan de Nicaragua. In consi-
deration of these circumstances he is directed to proceed
there with the frigate Potomac, and in distributing the
vessels of the home squadron the Secretary gives parti-
cular instructions to each commander to touch at Pana-
ma, Aspinwall, and San Juan as often as consistent with
a due regard to the interests of our country in those
parts, the sloop St. Mary's to remain at Panama as long
as she is needed."

Generally speaking, the New York papers are
averse to the step taken by President Pierce, assert-
ing that the recognition of General Walker is ill-
timed. Other journals affirm that Walker should
have been recognised many months since. The
Herald contains the following article on the sub-
ject :
:.‘ If anything was wanting to illustrate the feeble- I
ness and irresolution of Mr. Pierce's character, his
message to the Senate on Thursday would supply
the deficiency. In that document he says that the
United States' doctrine has always been to recognise
all Governments de facto, without inquiry into their
origin, or into the legitimacy of their title ; and such
is the fact, bat ho goes on to say that with this
doctrine in view he refused to receive Mr. Minister
French. And why ? Because, forsooth, the President
lacked 'satisfactory information upon the question whe-
ther President Rivas was iu fact the head of an established
Government in Nicaragua. It the President did not
know what ware going on at Nicaragua, that was
his fault. He had a Minister resident there. He bad
ample information in the public press of all
the events that had taken plane there. He knew as well
as any other man in the country—or he might have
known if he had chosen to know—that the Rivas Gro-
vernment was solidly established, far more of a de facto
Government than many which have been recognised by
Mr. Pierce's predecessors. And, if any further informa-
tion was wanting, Mr. French and his friends were ready
to impart it. What has Mr. Pierce learnt since ? From
what source has he obtained that 'satisfactory informa-
tion' which he lacked when he declinedtoreceiveFrencb,
and which now authorises him to receive Vijil. It falls
to our duty to record passing events, but we are bound
to say that we have yet to hear of a single event which
has occurred eince the rejection of French that would

tend to increase anybody's faith in the stability of the
Rivas Government. We do not believe that any single
item of news has arrived from Nicaragua since French
f tiTed that was not apparently adverse to the nivall inte-
ret. Our Nicaraguan advices have been engrossed by
an unbroken series of calamities for Walker ; and thelast
—those which Mr. Pierce had before him when he penned
this message—left it a matter of grave doubt whether at
the time the message 'was sent to the Senate the Gcivern-
ment recognised in the person of Padre Vijil was in
reality ade facto Government. Yet it was in theie ad-
vices that Mr. Pierce found the missing information
wbieh satisfied him that he might safely recognise Rivas.
This will not do, Mr. Pierce. An ordinary dose of
gammon the country will swallow cheerfully ; but the
popular gullet is not capacious enough for this. The
plain fact is that French was not received because Mr.
Pierce was afraid of England blustering; that Vijil was
received because the same Mr. Pierce was afraid of
Douglas cutting him out at Cincinnati. Both Acts sprang
from a cowardly, contemptible, disgraceful motive ; and
it is quite in keeping with both to attempt to divert at-
tention from them by stealing a little of Mr. Cass's
thunder, and hallooing about liirithh aggression in Mos-
quito. The plain fact with regard to Nicazagua and
Central America is that British interests there are as
dead as King George, of blessed memory. For Walker
the crisis has passed. There was a doubt whether he
personally Would be able to withstand the combined
pressure of an invasion from Costa Dim with foreign
troops, of a hostile intervention of the British squadron,
of the interruption of communication between Nicaragua
and the United States, of treachery in his camp, 1 of a
severe want of money, and, above all, of the outlawry
which the rejection of French virtually pronounced!upon.
him. But we learn by the George Law that he has
safely weathered this astonishing combination of adverse
circumstances, and that the Rivas Government is still
in existence. This probably settles the question. Hence-
forth, apprehension as to Walker's success becomes gra-
tuitous and puerile. It is considered impossible by his
friends that he can fail. Already one vessel has left
New Orleans with men and arms—openly, in broad day-
light, after public advertisement, with the sanction of
the authorities. Other vessels, in other ports, have been
laid on for Nicaragua. There are in this country, at a
moderate computation, 5,000 men who are ready to join
Walker, if they can do so without violating the laws of
the land. Nor can they be hindered from gratifying their
wish. They are men with families, and young men who
seek, not the excitement of war, but a settlement in life

and a homestead. They go to Nicaragua' instead of
Kansas or Wisconsin or lowa, simply because they be-
lieve they can do better there. Who is to stop them ?
Certainly not the United States Government, unless the
exit of men and women to Europe or Canada,or Mexico
he likewise prohibited. Nor yet England, unless
her rulers and her American agents choose to ex-
hibit a degree of folly compared to which the policy
of the North Administration was enlightened and
sagacious. Now even poor Mr. Marcoleta, who whiles
away his time in copying the New England clergymen,
and protesting, in the face of God, against this country
having a mind of its own. We are solicitous to rouse
no over-sanguine hopes, deal in no exaggeration. But
strange accidents must happen if before the close of this
year the causes we have mentioned do not invest Walker
with the dominion of all Central America, from the
southern frontier of Honduras to the very border of the
Panama Railroad. In three months, under ordinary
circumstances, he will be at the head of an army which
could conquer all the Central American States, and
Mexico and New Granada also, if need were. There
are persons who anticipate opposition from England.
These must entertain a singularly contemptuous opinion
of the sagacity of our Transatlantic cousins. England
has nothing whatever to gain by impelling the Ameri-
canisation of Central America ; but, as one of the two
leading commercial nations of the world, she has every-
thing to gain by the consummation of that obviously
proximate event. Central America in Yankee hands
would be worth to England ten times as much as it has
been in the hands of the Spanish ; and, as no English-
man has even broached the idea of conquering Central
America on behalf of England, this would seem to be the
very thing the English ought to desire most. At bottom
no doubt so it is. People talk end gabble about the Mos-
quito question and Ruatan anti Bay Islands ; but these
bugbears are only kept alive as floats to buoy no sink-
ing politicians. Nobody in England cares a straw about
them. Our lasts accounts were that the English had sold
the Mosquitos cheap to Walker, and taken his note,
payable next century ; also that they were trying hard to
sell Ruatan and the Bay Islands to Honduras, which
thrifty State was asking a good round sum to take them.
So these squabbles are sure to end.
The Herald is not satisfied with the feeling dis-
played by the French towards the Americans, and
thus ruminates on the matter :
" It is understood that the 3 officers who were sent on
el iltya ry
refusedtou r tpoe r
InE
srsoi
epne ,
fortification in France, and that the language of the tahseyciewnetrifiecrmuditohavviseitr the
o r
wordworks
aetf
Mi-
nister of War was such as to constitute an insult. It is
suggested that the matter ought to form the subject of
a diplomatic: correspondence. We do not think so.
The French are the masters of their military works,
and may refuse to allow them to •be inspected if
they choose. They are entitled, moreover, to adopt

,
.. .
what tone they please in conversing with foreign
visitors, farad may exhibit grossness and ill-breeding if
that is their bunt. Foreigners can only note such un-
pleasant occurrences ; they cannot refine them into
public or national affronts. Before going further with
. . ...

this business, moreover, it will be well to make sure of
the facts. When the commission first arrived in Europe
it was said that the commissioners had been well treated
by the French and Russians, but scurvily by the English.
It is now confessed that nothing could have been more
gratifying than their reception both in the British camp
and at the Horse Guards. It has also been stated, and
again denied, that the commissioners were badly used in
Russia ; that permission was refused them to inspect
works, &c. This French story may possibly be of a
piece with these. It is not certain that the commission
hasyet reported; strong opinions had best be withheld till
they do. At the same time it ought not to be concealed
that of late the tone and attitude of the French towards
the United States have been far from worthy of the
ancient alliance between the two countries."

Great excitement had been caused at New
Orleans by the recognition of Padre Vigil by the
President as Minister from Nicaragua. The intel-
ligence stated that the entire South was alive in
consequence. Tho steam ship Daniel Webster,
which would probably sail from New Orleans on
the 22d ult., would, it was expected, convey plenty
of recruits.

The steam-frigate Susquehanna had sailed from
Philadelphia for San Juan del Norte. She con-
veys important despatches to Colonel Wheeler,
the American Minister at Granada. The Susque-
hanna will be delayed a few days at Fort Mifflin
to receive ammunition ; she carries 15 guns. In
the course of a fortnight there would be in the
harbour of San Juan the American war steamers
Susquehanna, Fulton, and Merrinac, and the fri-
gate Potomac. The sloop of-war St. Mary's would
remain .at Oanrma, as long as her presence was
deemed necessary for American interests in that
quarter.

The steamship George Law had arrived at New
York from Aspinwall with 1,000,000 dols. in-trea-
sure. The intelligence from California is not in-
teresting.
Particulars of a terrible accident which occurred
on the Panama railroad, by which between 30 and
40 persons were killed and 70 and 80 wounded,
have been received. The accident occurred about
nine miles from Aspinwall. The train was convey-
ing the passengers by the George Law, who were
on their way to California. The second car from
the locomotive, from some cause at present inex-
plicable, ran off the line and was followed by eight
others, all of which were precipitated into a ravine
30 feet deep. There could not have been less than
500 persons in the carriages, and it was feared that
the above figures are a very small estimate of the
loss of life which has taken place. The New York
papers describe the scene as horrible. As soon as
tho wounded could be conveyed back to Aspinwall,
owing to the crowded state of the hospital applica-
tion was made to the inhabitants to receive them
at their houses, but in nearly every instance the
white inhabitants, who are principally hotelkeepers,
refused and closed their doors. The unfortunate suf-
ferers were therefore crammed into the hospital,
where the scene was,painful in the extreme. Some of
the unfortunate persons were dreadfully mutilated.
About two-thirds of the wounded had one or both
legs fractured, besides being otherwise injured,
while out of the whole numbr but one had a frac-
tured arm. One or two had their skulls broken in.
One whole family, consisting of father, mother, and
five children, with the exception of one child, was
killed, and some had their heads completely severed
from their bodies.
The New York papers publish the official corre-
spondence which has taken place in the affair of the
Panama massacre, including the letters of Captain
Bayly of the United States' ship St. Mary and the
Governor of the State. The documents, says the
New York Herald, wholly fail in exculpating the
authorities from the charge of having contributed
to the disaster. The statements which they have
made are all flatly contradicted by reliable wit-
nesses, and it now remains with the American Go-
vernment to exact that satisfaction and indemnity
for the sufferers which the gross misconduct of the
officials entitle them to.
The New York money-market was unchanged.
The demand was not active, and the supply fully
adequate. Foreign exchanges were quiet, and no
large transactions were reported for the steamer.
Bills on London were quoted at 1091 ; Paris, 51.
161 c. to sf. 15c. The stock-market exhibited a bet-
ter tendency, and in several of the leading specula-
tive securities the transactions during the week
were quite as extensive. The Asia's news checked
sales of cotton, which Were limited to about 500

SOUTHAMPTON, MAY 31.
Uhited States' mail steaMllup Hermann,
ggins, which arrived off 'es at midday
I.otn Nevi York to 13" ith the Ger-
;neh, and English ma , ave dates to
inst. The screw-stew ' - , dinburgh ar-
llasgow on Friday nigh: . ith the same
3rmann brings 310, passen‘ s, the largest
,ver conveyed by a maiLsteamer. from
100,000 dills. in specie onclon, and
cargo; On the 30th in be Hermann
e English- barrpfe-Atiota; nding to the
ljt
d ancr .eastward. ii.
;yell mail steam-ship Asiarived out on
inst.
...4 ?
Taphic despatch from wa*lington states
he 15th a message was rived from the
;, encloiing reports from, Secretary of
3retary. of the Navy, an , e Attorney-
in*reply to a resolution 0 , the Senate in
it; also a resolution of the House, adopted
)th having reference to routes of transit
the Atlantic and Pacific oceans, through
dies of NewCranada and Nicaragua, and
idition-Of our affairs with Central Arne-
e President says :--
irrow isthmus which e inneett the continents
nd South America, by the facilities it affords
$i transit between the Atlintic and Pacific
s rendered the countries of Tentral America
1 of special consideration. to all commercial
nd public interest has been greatly augmented
times by reason of the changes in the com-
ations produced by the gent.-al use of stea,tn
Ili power by lad and sea. ..11,) us, on ae-
ts geographical position, and our political