The Sun.
London, England, 1869-05-19 00:00:00

THE SUN, LONDON, W EDNESDAY EVENING, MAY 19, 1869.

e r.i7 •
•
0119

LONDON, WEDNESDAY, MAY 19, 1869,

The Rival Sites are now Two, not Three. Sir
CHARLES TREVELYAN has abandoned the advocacy of
bis magnificent project. He acknowledges frankly
enough that upon the score of economy it has no pre-
tensions whatever to consideration. The alternative
consequently narrows itself now to one between the
Carey-street site and the Howard-street site—be-
tween the site proposed at the eleventh hour by Mr.
LowE or Mr. LAYARD, and the site originally mapped
out, and since then bought and paid for, and cleared
for building upon, by deliberate arrangement on the
part of the Royal Commissioners. Now—reduce the
whole question to that alternative, and we have no
hesitation whatever in reverting to our original pre-
ference for the site now actually possessed by the
nation, and prepared fur the architect. The di-
mensions of the Rival Sites at present under
discussion are simply identical. The site now bough t
and paid for, and cleared, is a site of exactly six
acres. The site proposed to be bought, intended to
be paid for, designed to be cleared, is in like manner a
site of exactly six acres. According to the Chief
Commissioner of Public Works, six acres will be ample
space for all the New Law Courts that will really be
required. Grant that, concede that point to Mr.
LAYARD, and away go all the arguments adduced
against the notion of the Carey-street site, because
of its retention involving the purchase of additional
land in its immediate neighbourhood. The extent of
ground already acquired there, Mr. LAYARD assures
us, is all that is really wanted. If so—let us
leave well alone. What we want—namely, six
acres of ground in a central and commanding posi-
tion—we already possess. No additional money need
be spent in buying more. While—if we only come
to contrast the relative merits of these two Rival
Sites—a single glance at the Government plan or
map, now lying before us, indicates more clearly,
more rapidly, and more cogently than any words
can do, how far preferable the Carey-street Site,
already obtained, is to the bran new site pro-
posed to be purchased upon an afterthought, blurted
out, all of a sudden, first of all by Mr. LowE, and
afterwards by Mr. LAYARD. Look at the two ! One
—the Carey-street Site, the Site that is already ours,
bought, paid for, and cleared—is certainly in a Cen-
tral and a very commanding position. To the
north it looks upon Carey-street, or, in other words,
upon Lincoln's-inn ! To the South it looks directly
upon the Strand ! Whereas that other site which we
are asked now to select by preference, is literally in a
hole in a corner. A Strand frontage is to be denied
to it. That in truth is set forth as one of its con-
spicuous merits or advantages. Hid away, we are
told, behind a back street, the street giving the site
its distinctive name, it will effectually secure us
against the risk of being tempted on that side into
the expense of anything like ornamentation. So
far as architectural arrangements are concerned,
there, on the northern part of the New Law
Courts, if there they are unhappily to be built, the
once talked of Palace of Justice might, if it so pleased
us to decide beforehand, upon purely economical
grounds, emulate the appearance of either side of an
ordinary London street, as that was once epigrama-
tically described to be by the Great Italian Sculptor
ANTONIO CANOVA to wit, a wall with holes in it,
the said holes, of course, being simply for the pur-
poses of doors and windows. As Sir ROUNDELL
PALLIER said only the other night in the house of
Commons, the only possible way of getting anything
at all like a view of the proposed New Law Courts,
supposing them to be eventually built upon on this pet
site of Mr. LAVA RD and the Chancellor of the Exche-
quer, would be to look at them from a river steamboat
or from one or other of the nearest bridges. Very
satisfactory, no doubt, a view like that, to Mr. Li-
YARD'S constituents in Southwark, but to hardly any
others out of the three millions of Londoners. As
to the central position of the Carey-street site there
never have been two opinions. Any site upon
the Thames Embankment would have clearly
and obviously the disadvantage of being on
the very margin or verge of the circle of the
legal quarters as they are now, and have been, nume-
rically distributed in the metropolis. The Howard-
street Site would have all the legal quarters to the
north, or north-east of it. The Carey-street Site
would, on the contrary, place the newly-constructed
Law Courts midway between the Temple and Lin-
coln's Inn. Chancery-lane would lie to the east of
them. New Inn and Clements to the went of them.
To the south would lie the Middle and the Inner
Temple. Stretching away to the north would be
Lincoln's Inn, Gray's Inn, Staples Inn, Raymond-
buildings, Bedford-row, Red Lion-square, and a num-
vbeenrioefnoeetiloefrthceonlatiwgyueorussgleegnaelrallolcya,lfiotirest.he Frooorvtehreliceonnee-
of counsel, of solicitors, of clients, of witnesses—
there cannot be an instant's doubt about it that
the central position of the Carey-street Site must
necessarily make it vastly preferable. Earnestly we
cannot but hope that the House of Commons will
not be led away, upon the single plea of economy,
to forego all the advantages already secured to
them by the choice made, after mature considera-
tion, by the Royal Commissioners. More particu-
larly bearing in mind the acknowledged, or rather,
it should be said, the paraded fact set forth, both
by Mr. Lowe and by Mr. LAYARD, in their over-
zealous advocacy of the newly-propounded
scheme for the purchasing of a new
site immediately to the north of Howard-

street, namely, that wedged in, as it will be,
between King's College and the Temple, there
will be no possibility of its expansion afterwards either
to the east or to the west. That is spoken of,

forsooth, by Mr. LOWE and by Mr. LATARD

as an advantage. To our thinking, on
the contrary, it is a very obvious and

even a very glaring disadvantage. It is like the re-
commendation of a very small boot—in spite of the
imminent risk of its pinching. Economise, if you

will; but, in the name of common sense, don't render

yourself beforehand a slave to your own economies.

Mn. REVERDY JOHNSON sticks to his text bravely.
His first word was peace and goodwill. His last
word is goodwill and peace. He came to remove all
difficulties, and though he leaves them as he
found them, he goes from us with the con-
viction that the two countries are agreed in
thinking the occurrence of a war between
them as dire a calamity as could happen. The
latest information from the other side of the
Atlantic is decideclly more pacific than that which
we had been receiving during the previous two or
three weeks. The Americans seem to be a little
ashamed of Senatots SumNEn. and CHA ND LER, and
altogether repudiate any intention of going to war
in order to carry out their ideas. Mr. SiniNna's
little bill for 300 millions sterling is not to be pre-
sented, at least not in the naked form; nor is Mr.
CHANDLER'S proposition for the transference of
British North America in settlement of that amount
to be officially suggested. Nevertheless, Mr. MOTLEY
will be instructed to demand that the question of
England's moral responsibility for the results of the
neutrality proclamation shall be referred to arbitra-
tion, and if decided against us all damages resulting
therefrohi shall be pressed for payment. Who is to
145.114- damages we are not informed, -Probably

•
even Mr. MOTIEY will hardly expect us to pay the
bill without geting the King of PRUSSIA to tax it.
We presume it is not probable that Lord CLAREN-
DON will accepi these new proposals. We suspect
that the chief politicians of the United States
have not mach expectation that we shall
accept them. And yet it would not be wise
to decide off-hand that no such proposals can be
entertained. Corsidering that England in recognising
the belligerency of the Confederate States did only
what the rest of Europe did, what the Sovereign
who will act as arbitrator did—considering, too, that
England but followed the example of the Washing-
ton Government itself, it seems impossible that
arbitration can be given against us, It may
be urged that there will be a loss of dignity
in submitting such a question as this—which
was essentially one for the decision of our own
statesmen—to the decision of any other persons or
Power. But England has already set an example to
the rest of the world in referring quarrels to arbitra-
tion. She did this is a case where no suspicion of
weakness could be en-,ertained—in the case of her
misunderstanding with the Brazilian Empire. Every
additional resort to that mode of settlement increases
the prestige which will surround arbitration, and
renders more and more improbable the resort to the
dread, but most unsatisfactory, arbitrament of war.
We have already agreed to refer points which we
at first refused to include in the reference. Let us
not be too hasty in deciding upon the present point.
There would be no ground for the charge of weak-
ness in accepting the reference at the outset ; there
would be too much ground if we accepted after
refusing.

IT seems to be forgotten that as much mischief
may be wrought by exaggerating the demands which
the Irish tenants are making, as by exaggerating the
concessions which the Government is prepared to
grant. It is the peculiarity of such speeches as Lord
DERBY'S last weak that it tAmlibbies both evils.
According to him, the tenants expect to pay no rent
of ter 1870 ; according to him, the Govern-
ment has, by the unwise speeches of certain
of its members, induced this expectation.
The result of such statements will naturally
be the very event which Lord DERBY affects to
dread. The very fact that such a contingency as the
transfer of the land to the tenant is considered
worth discussing in the Legislature ; the very fact
that a party in the Legislature, and this party the
ruling one, should be supposed capable of entertain-
ing such an idea, will lead the Irish peasant to
consider that there is nothing so very unreasonable
in it after all. That supposition, if it
does exist, is hardly likely, however, to
produce the effects which Lord DERBY has
attributed to it. Irish tenants are not fools,
and they are therefore not likely to suppose that the
shooting of landlords will strengthen the hands of the
Ministry. The most ordinary common sense and
prudence would induce the tenants to shew modera-
tion if they intend to get anything from Parliament.
Agrarian crimes would imply the depth of despair
rather than the keenness of expectation. This, in
fact, is Archbishop LEAHY'S view of the question.
The Roman Catholic Archbishop of Dublin has
just issued a pastoral, in which he ascribes
such recent murders as are of agrarian
origin to the too long protracted settlement
of the land question, to the unhappy relations
between landlords and tenants, and to the traditions
of internecine warfare. At the same time he is cer-
tain that no agrarian conspiracy exists. He believes
that such a conspiracy must become known to the
Roman Catholic clergy, who have in the Confessional
a powerful organisation for the detection of plots.
He is equally certain that in proportion as
the belief prevails that a settlement of the land
question is at hand, will the present isolated crimes
diminish. He declares that recent speeches by ➢ir.
GLADSTONE and Mr. BRIGHT have had nothing to
do with those crimes. Archbishop LEAHY'S actual
knowledge coincides with the belief of every unpre-
judiced person—the belief that the Irish people have
the wit to see that a message of peace can be sent
only to the upholders of peace.

LATEST INTELL EGENCE

(REUTER'S TELEGRAMS.)

AMERICA.

NEW YORK, May 18.
COMMERCIAL INTELLIGENCE.
CLOSING PRICES.

Gold closed at 1428 ; the highest quotation dur-
ing the day was 142 k ; the lowest, 141 g.
Sterling Exchange on London lO9B.
5-20 U. S. Bonds, 1882 1228.
ti ic 1885 llBB.
it 18G7 l2O/.
10-40 4t
110.
111in0i5......
Erie
Cotton—Mid. upland 284 c.
Petroleum—Standard White. 32c.
Flour, extra state, $5.95c. to $6.55c. Corn, old
mixed, 89c.

- _____

THE CAPI4 MAIL.

PLIMOUTH, May 19.

The Cape mail steamer Roman, with the above
mails, arrived here at 3 o'clock this morning. Her
dates are—Table Bay, 19th April; St. Helens,
27th ; and Maderia on the 13th inst. She brings
75 passengers and 2G sacks of mails, which were
forwarded by the 6.45 a.m. train for London.

The large 831 carat diamond recently found and
valued at £30,000, has been detained at Cape
Town. E;ght persons, including Mr. Green, the
Civil Commissioner of Colesherg, and his clerk,
Mr. Lorenzo Boyes, now Civil Commissioner of
Mamaqualand, declare that in December last they
negociatcd a secret arrangement with Waterboer
Chief of the Griguas tribe. He transferred to them
all claims for a Royalty on precious stones or metals
found within his country, fixing the Royalty at one-
fifteenth of the gross value. They assert that the
diamond referred to was found in Waterboer's coun-
try, and have procured an interdict on the gem in
the Supreme Court until their claims were settled.
The owners of the diamond assert that it was found
on British territory at Leith.
There were twenty more diamonds recently found
in the hands of different persons at Cape Town.
However, when it became known that the above
interdict was served, not a single individual could
be found to own that he had one.

The correspondent of the Graff P►einet Herald
writes there are reports of another diamond larger
than the 83f carat one, having been found.
The Rev. John M'Kenzie, for several years a
missionary, returning to England in the Good
Hope, reports that gold in quantities sufficient to
pay for working will be found in the country north
of his late station, and that had the diggers, who
recently arrived at Natal, been assured of their
personal safety, they would have proceeded to the
reported gold country.

BOMBAY (HEAVY) MAILS.
MALTA, May 18.

The Peninsular and Oriental Company's steamer
Poonah arrived at 7 this morning, and leaves at
2 to-morrow morning for Southampton, where she
may be expected -about the 28th inst.

NATIONAL LIFEBOAT INSTITUTION.—This institu-
tion has just received from the executors of the late Thos.
Brown, Esq , formerly of the firm of Messrs. Longman
and Co., a legacy of £5OO, duty free.
DUNVILLE and Co., Belfast, are the largest
holders of Whisky in the world. Their Old Irish Whisky is re-
commended by the medical profession in preference to French
Brandy. Supplied in casks and cases for home use or exports
tion. Quotations on application 'to Messrs. Dunville and Co.,
Belfast; or 4. Beautort-buOitagis, %road, tcludon, W•gpiA•cl-
rertigment.

PAUPERISM AND CRIME.

Mr. Hicks, who has devoted much time to the analysis
)f metropolitan crime and pauperism, has been preparing
a scheme for distinguishing between the deserving and
;he undeserving poor. Ile does not altogether approve
)f the plan proposed by the association for the Pre-
vention of Pauperism and Crime, as he thinks that it would
entail much additional rnachineryand consequent expense,
besides allotting to the charitable public many of the duties
which, belong to the board of guardians. The association
advises : 1. The subdivision of parishes into districts ;
2. The institution of charity offices; 3. The em-
ployment of resident officers under the direction
sf the association. Mr. Hicks agrees with them
in their main object—the securing of united action
between the dispensers of private charity and of Poor-law
relief, but his great principle is to throw the burden of
preliminary investigation upon the Poor-law officers. He
would gain this end by establishing in each parish a
house of relief " in connection with the workhouse, and
ender the same management. The workhouse should con-
tain only the able-bodied, while the "house of relief"
should be for the sick, infirm, aged, and broken down.
A. superintendent should reside at the house of relief,
and should at all times be found either in person or by an
efficient deputy. II is duty would be to give information to
all applicants within his district, and to put all inquirers
into the way of having their applications investigated.
Ile would be required to know the poor of his district
thoroughly, so as to supply the guardians with informa-
tion when cases came before them. Mr. Hicks wishes the
poor-law officials, the clergy, and charitable societies to
agree never, under any inducement, to give relief until a
case has been investigated by the superintendent of the
district. The answer to every applicant for relief, where-
ever he is encountered, is to be " Co to the house of relief
-and obtain a ticket." The superintendent may give
.mmediate relief if the case is an urgent one, pending the
result of his investigations, and the ticket supplied to him
specifies the amount given. The charitable donor is
requested to give no relief excepting through the super-
intendent ; the amount to be given is to be
written on the back of the ticket, and the
superintendent will apply for it within a given
time. Mr. Hicks thinks that this scheme would
provide valuable assistance to curates, lady visitors, and
cliaritablc societies, as the deserving poor would become
better known, and the duty of the superintendent would
be chiefly to deal with the vagrant tramp and professional
beggar. The result, he believes, would be that all the
doors for relief would be closed against those whose cases
would not bear investigation ; while, on the other hand,
the deserving resident poor of each district might rely on
their cases being more thoroughly known than is possible
presentessof
want
til e of
schemestem
would
di s
depend
upon the
that underthe
the s success
individual zeal and efficiency of the superintendents.

THE NATIONAL RIFLE _ASSOCIATION.

The association has just announced its list of prizes,
now extended to other branches of the services, for,
in addition to the Volunteers and " All Corners," to whom
the shooting was thrown open, certain prizes have
been offered, free, to competitors from the Army,
Royal Marines, and to sailors from the training-ships
of her Majesty's Navy. The prize shooting at Wim-
bledon is divided into two classes, " Volunteer" and
" All Corners," and the arms Government Enfields and
"any," the latter term applying almost universally to small
bores, fitted with peculiar sights for target shooting. The
first prize is the "Queen's," being given by her Majestyfor
competition among selected efficient volunteers, whose
regiments have to pay for their entrance at the rate of £1
each. The " place "of representative at Wimbledon is
given only after severe competitions, so that it may be
considered that the men shooting for the Queen's are the
best shots in England. There are two stages in this
competition, the first at 200, 500, and 600 yards. The
first man in this competition has a silver badge, a
silver medal, and £6O, and is best Enfield shot ; then each
of the next 29 receives the badge of the association and
£l5 in money, and to each of the second 30 the badge and
£lO in money is given. These form the "sixty," and are
entitled to shoot for the second stage, where the great prize
of a gold medal, the sum of £250, and the honour of being
regarded as the champion shot of the country, await the
highest. To each of the 90 highest after the first 60 will be
presented £3, thus making altogether 151 prizes, of the
total value of £1,315. The St. George's is the next Volun-
teer prize of importance, the competitors being chosen in
I the same manner as those in the Queen's. The entrance
fee is half that in the Queen's, and the prizes amount in
the aggregate to £623, and in number to 61, including the
first stage. The Prince of Wales's Prize of £lOO is com-
peted for by the winners of county medals, and £lOO is
tddecl by the association to be divided among the highest
of the unsuccessful competitors. A new series of prizes
has been instituted for the encouragement of non-
winners, and called the "Enfield Nursery" prizes. The
competition is restricted to efficient volunteers who
have wan a prize at Wimbledon or any county
meeting before this year. The entrance fee is 65., and the
range is 500 yards. There are seventeen prizes, the highest
being £lO. The Belgian Challenge Cup, presented by the
:Masseurs Eclaireurs of Brussels and the Belgians who
visited Wimbledon in 1866, is competed for by squads of
battalions in volley firing, and the association adds £75, the
first squad having £3O, the second £2O, the third £l5,
and the fourth £lO. The competition will be at 400 yards,
with five shots each squad. The cup will be held by the
commanding officer of the first squad. There are other
competitions added to the " Volunteer Prizes," but these
arc of a peculiar character, being " County Tens" fur the
China Cup, the Irish International Trophy, and the
Oxford and Cambridge match. In the first in the " All
Comers " series, is the " Albert," open to any rifle, with
prizes amounting to £598, at entrance fees of £3 3s.
There are to be Swiss carton prizes, both for Enfield and
any rifles, the entrance being 6d. a shot for the former
and ls. a shot for the latter. The prizes instituted out of
the pockets of the association for the army (including the
Royal Marines) have been extended to the navy. There
are, besides, the usual stand of matches, as the " Lords
and Commons," the " Public Schools," the " Dudley)" the
" Henry Peek."

Reports are current in the chief cities of the United
States that General Grant may before long decide to change
his CaLinet. The Radicals aro much displeased with the
constitution of the Ministry, and General Grant, it is raid,
must either consent to change it or lose their support. None
of the Ministers have much political experience.
THE "COLLEEN BAwN" MURDER. —A man
named Scanlan, aged about 70 years, dropped dead on
Wednesday near the Wellesley Bridge, Limerick. Mr.
M`Sheehy, J.P., vice-chairman of the board of guardians,
was passing at the time in his vehicle, on his way to the
workhouse, and at once sent his servant for Dr. Phayre,
the workhouse physician, to see the poor man, but, alas !
life was extinct. Scanlan's brother suffered the extreme
penalty of the law about fifty years ago in connection with
the " Colleen Dawn" trial. Ile was in respectable cir-
cumstances, and went to the scaffold in his carriage.
Strange to say, the horses refused to draw him up the old
bridge, near the court house, and he very reluctantly was
obliged to walk to the place of execution, in company with
the clergyman who attended him.—Limerick Southern
Chronicle.
THE PUBLIC HEALTH.—The rate of mortality in
London last week was 21 per 1,000 in London, as compared
with a rate of 24 in thirteen other large towns of the
United Kingdom. Dublin is the healthiest, and Glasgow
the most unhealthy, city on the list, the former with a
leath-rate of 20 per 1,000, and theiatter with a rate of
$B. In the metropolis 2,012 births and 1,279 deaths
tvere registered. The latter were 130 less than the
,estimated number, and fell short by 142 of those recorded
hi the preceding week. The deaths from zymotic
diseases were 272, the corrected average number being
317. Four persons died from small-pox, 24 from measles,
a c
56 from scarlet fever, 6 from diphtheria, 87 from whooping.
cough, 18 from typhus fever, 16 from enteric fever; 8 from
simple co nteti
enkitniielpldee
rdabt
uyfever,reiiodar
tsni
erdsi 10n8.0r
thfvreeoisrivn i
ec
el
idzi awri
nd;
the
5e1.1 .
.2,
or Light
streets.o-2
rprehresonmselna-ielr
below the average.

ARCHBISHOP 'MANNING ON SCIIISM.—A lecture
was delivered on Tuesday night at Hanover-square
Rooms, by Archbishop Manning, to the Young Men's
Catholic Association, on "The History of Schism." There
were present many of the leading Catholics of London,
including several of the nobility. The Archbishop first spoke
of the schism of the Donatists in the fourth century, and
stated its great extent and its decay. Then passing to the
Greek schism, lie pointed out its origin and progress, both
in connection with Constantinople, and also in Russia.
He said that the Greek schism had a very small number
of members under the bishop, who was called Patriarch,
and that in Russia there were a very large number ef dis-
senters frchn the Established Church, of which the
Emperor was head. He came next to the subject of the
schism of the century, by which England separated
from Rome, and proceeded to argue that as soon as any
nation separated itself from unity with the see of Rome it
began to change also in its faith. The Archbishop entered
then into a history of the changes in religious opinion in
England during the last three centuries, chiefly dwelling
on the growth of l Nonconformity, in order to spew that
the established religion of the State had considerably lost
ground by the great increase in the number of Dissenters.
Referring to the subject of what is called ccrporate
rtunion, the Archbishop said that he bad put more trust
in the enlightenment of the consciences of individuals.
He said that as the first Christianity of England was
Catholic, so would the last be, for that there was a
Catholic feeling even amongst those tvhQ fltall 9912.114.u04
iateigtllt9 Oghoii(Churchf r