The Sun.
London, England, 1860-04-18 00:00:00

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though much bloWn and distressed, walki,
and coolly away with both his eyes open andkaa,-.11
His right
.arm, however, was helpless, his mouth
and nose were dreadfully beaten, and the side of his
head and forehead much punished. Heenan was al-
' most unrecognizable as a human being, so dreadful
was his punishment about the face and neck. Yet
he was still as strong on his lep.,,s,•apparently, as
ever, thanks to his perfect training, and,, after leav-
ing the field of battle, he ran -as nimbly as any of
the spectators and leaped over: two small hedges.
This, however, was a final effort; and he almost in-
stall ily after became so utterly blind that he was
obliged to be led by the hand to the train.
How the fight would have terminated but for the
interference of the police it is pow literally quite
impossible to say or even speculate. At any moment •
Sayers might have got a blow which would have
struck him almost senseless, while if Heenan could
have closed with him the Champion's chance would
have been, perhaps, a poor one. On the other hand
Sayers was carefully avoiding this, and Heenan's
sight was so far gone that in two or three minutes
more he would have lain at the mercy of a child.
As matters now stand the fight is adjourned sine
Elie, and the only impression left is one of astonish-
ment that Sayers, with one arm, should have so long
contended, with success, with such a formidable an-
tagonist, and that Heenan should have borne his
terrific punishment 'without his strength or courage
to fight. giving way:

THE NAVY
__DURING THE LAST

HUN.DRED YEARS.

A return moved for by Mr. Horsman has been
published, from which some interesting facts may.
be gleaned as to the increase and decrease of the
naval estimates and naval strength of this country-
during the last 103 years. The return comprehends"
the periods between 1756 and 1859, during which
time we were engaged in no less than 13 wars,—
viz., four with Franco, three with Spain, two with
America, one-with Holland; 'Vivo with China, and
one with Russia—and spent in, inaval7estimates a .
collective sum of £795,497,113 10s. 7d., or a larger
amount than is at present represented by the
national debt. While the 'strength of the navy in
men is not much above 5,000 more than it
was in 1756, the estimates of the two periods
are very different, the estimates for 1756
being £3,349,021 35., and for 1859.60 £9,878,859,
We merely point out this vast discrepancy,
as we are at the same time well aware that
the increased expenditure in the present day
for wear and tear by machinery, coals, superior ar-
maments and superior vessels is absolutely neces-
sary. In the year 1756 the total number of men
borne was 52,809, and the estimated expense
£3,349,021 3s. For the next seven years, in con-
sequence of the war with France, we find a vast in-
crease in the number of seamen, insomuch that in
1762 the number borne was 84,797, and the esti-
mates for the navy £5,944,251 12s. 9d. Peace
being proclaimed in 1764, this vast mass of men
was reduced to 20,603, and the navy estimates fell
in like proportion to £2,094,800 9s. 3d., these num-
hers being further reduced in 1768 to 15,511 men,
end £1,526,357 Os. I Id. This is the lowest point
ever reached in our naval estimates. 011 the
breaking out of war with America in July, 1774,
they again rose to the sum of £2,104,917 4s. 3d.,
and gradually increased up to the conclusion of the
war to .E 8,063,285 12s. 5d., with an increase of
105,443 men. During this period, however, it must
not be forgotten that the country was involved at
the same time in a struggle with France, Spain,
Holland, and America. In 1782 on the recognition
of American independence, and in 1783, on the
conclusion of peace with Spain, France, and Hol-
land, the estimates again felt; and contined to fluc-
tuate between £2,000,000 and £3,000,000 sterling,
with an average of about 25,000 men borne. The
war of the French Revolution breaking out pro-
duced the ordinary effects, and the estimates rose
as the funds fell. In 1793, when war was de-
clared, the number of men borne was 59,042,
and the estimates £3,971,915 ss. 10d ; in
the next year they increased to £5,525,331
11s. 3d., with an increased list of '83,891
men borne on the books. Stride by stride they ad-
vanced until in 1801 they rose to the enormous sum
of 116,857,037 Os. 2d., when the number of seamen
and marines was 131,959. On the conclusion of
the peace of Amiens they again, for a short time,
fell ; but the stirring events of the period, the un-
settled condition of Europe, and the want of con-
fidence in France precluded them from finding a
peace level, and, although there was a decrease of
more than £6,000,000, yet they still remained
£6,000,000 above the estimates of 1793, when the
war commenced. Thee ensued the great war with
France from 1803 to 1815, when the naval expenses
and naval strength of the country advanced with
gigantic strides, so that for four years--viz., the
years 1811-12-13-14, they were always aver
£20,000,000, :and in the latter year reached the
enormous sum of 1:23,504,070 19s. lid., with a force
of 126,414 men, which force, however, was not equal
to that of 1813, when our ships were manned by no
fewer than 147,047 men. Down went these esti-
mates again on the conclusion of the peace, and con-
tinued in that condition up to the pet year of the
non-alarmists, who believe in the good intentions of
'every country but their own, when they were only
£4,434,783, and provided for only 26,041 men.
From that time they have progressively increased
up to our own days. The Chinese war of 1840
seems to be guilty of this increase ; for although
peace was concluded in 1842-3, the naval esti-
mates only temporarily declined to rise again with
fresh vigour and culminate in the year 1856-57,
when this country was at war with Russia. In
that year they reached the sum of £16,568,614,
and maintained a force of 60,659 seamen and marines.
They again fell on the conclusion of peace to more
than £6,000,000, and in the year 1858-59 were
£9,878,859, of which but a comparatively small por-
tion was expended on the pay and maintenance of
58,380 men. What effect the present Chinese en-
tanglement will have upon them we must leave to
the judgment of our readers.

SCILLY ISLES.

(From the Shipping and Mercantile Gazette.)
The Scilly Islands are situate about 30 miles to
the west of the Land's End of England ; they form
a group of 100 islands, in the best geographical
situation as a port of call for ships arriving at the
Channel for orders, as Scilly is 70 miles from Fal-
mouth. Ships coming up to the entrance of the
Channel with east winds, can reach. Scilly many
days before they can get up to Falmouth, especially
dull saiiing ships with heavy cargoes. s and also, the
position is much more easy of access; than Queens-
town. The islands form an archiipelago, shaped
like a horse-shoe; every roadstead well protected
by islands at the N.W., N., N.E.,. E., S.E.,
The least protected part is from W.S.W. to N.W.
by W., but the sunken reefs in B toad Sound form
a natural breakwater to the W.
Our port (St. Mary's) is most 'valued during the
prevalence of easterly gales. We,: have had as many .
as 300 sail at one time in the iffcrent harbours.
St. Mary's Roads is capable of ce ntaining a fleet of
200 sail, There are five or six fathoms of water,
with excellent holding ground of blue clay ; there
is access to our roadstead by diJ ferent channels, all
deep water, sufficient for aline -f of-battle ship at. low
water. Thera are experienced
rinity pilots, at five
.`.
pilot stations on different nds, having eleven;
I.'
pilot cutters, and numerous 1 'Hot gigs. Thae pilots -
are out cruising in the heaviest g ales. The islands
are quite bold at the north, east, ,and south; there.
arc not any sunken reefs lsitsg airy distance off the
shore. The great dangers e.f Scilly lie to the west
of St. Agnes' Light, but those danxers are now pro—
tected by a light (dior,trie) erecteol on the Bishop
Rock, the extreme wrestern rock of the islands, and
at the entrance of,.
the S.W. channel
there arc fselP:sies for repairs of ships ; masts and;
spars areAt the island
pt in stock by the diffe rent parties in.
business
The principal trade of
maksrblacksmiths, L •
_s, There is a patent rope-:ssalk, also smi-
th? port :Up
islands. -wards of 500
is shipbuildin,s; vessels of
have been built at the
orders at Scilly .can proceed to
either
three channels direct without having •
to round any angle. There is a, steamer running.
Siilposi receiving
eiving
thrice a week, with mails to Prn Zance and we are
in expectation of haying an elerAric wire laid down
to the islands next summer: by Messrs. Glass,
Elliott, and Co. A company
is now forming for
the purpose.
• There is a small military station at Scilly, 11116
during the late war, the Fat formed. the rendezvou -
of Sir Edward Pellew's fleet, as the advanced.
western station. A wire to the islands is important
in a national point of view, as information might
thus be forwarded to out authorities in England of
any force of the enemy passing around the laud
towards Ireland, or any part of the north coast of
England or Wales. We hope to get a small subsidy
towards this important national ot,tject at a time
when the coasts are being put in a. state of defence.
N.B.—There is a bountiful suppily of good fresh
water, and at all times large stocks of fresh and
other provisions, and a supply of stream coals always
on hand.

STATE or TRADE.—Manchester Tuesday.—Tl. e
market to-day is rather quieter, with a very limited busi.•
ness at a slight decline in most sorts < >f yarns. In cloth
there is a somewhat improved demand, especially for the
sorts, and pries arc in favour sellers.

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