The Sun.
London, England, 1860-06-21 00:00:00

... \ ~,.

0 aelles, did not interfere with his having actually
bargained for Nice and Savoy, and his actually I
seising them by a ludicrous sham suffrage. We
are not now raking up accusations, we are simply
weighing in the politician's balance the business
done at Baden-Baden, and we affirm that so far as
related to
.the giving soothing assurances to Ger-
many, it must be wholly nugatory. If on the other
hand, in the short hour said to have been conceded

character, as an " unadorned" diplomatist ! With-
out insisting upon the application to Mr. COBDEN'S
diplomatic skill of the poet THomsoN's dictum
about beauty, when declaring it to be while
"unadorned adorned the most"—we must confess
that it does appear to us in the highest degree
probable that people, on this side of the Channel
at least, will henceforth pray most earnestly
that the professional diplomatists, no matter
how many ribbons may cross their breasts,
or how many stars may glitter there in con-
trast to the gay colours, may henceforth be left
to themselves. Without regarding the noble lord
as by any means at the top of his high profession—
we are satisfied that Lord COWLEY (had he but
been entrusted with the negotiations) would have
made a far better bargain than that which has been
struck (a bargain that is absolutely as yet no bar-
gain at all) by the hon. gentleman for Rochdale—
A very good man, no doubt, but a bad Diplomatist.

to the EMPEROR by the KING, anything was dis-
cussed parallel with the long-standing secret en-
gagement with Sardinia in regard to " natural
boundaries" on the Alps, that was real business, and
many parties may find it out to have been so in due
time. No one, however, can tell whether the un-
enthusiastic REGENT may not have spent his share
of the time in shewing more or less plainly, that
Europe could not make any further approach to-
wards the Map Imperial for 1860.
But what means the devoting of fifteen sections
of the twenty of M. ABOUT'S pamphlet to the praise,
the instruction, and the warning of Prussia. Why
is it so elaborately proved that Austria ought not
to lead, and cannot lead Germany ; that Prussia
can unite and lead her, but that Prussia has acted
very unworthily of her opportunities, and must
mend her ways ? Why are the villanous intrigues
of the Prussian police with a London democratic
committee discussed at such length ? And why are
such pains taken to show that Prussia ought to
aim at uniting all Germany in constitutional Go-
vernment, and at obtaining a universal suffrage of
the people, conferring the Crown on the King of
PRUSSIA.

There can hardly be a doubt of the drift of all
this. It represents Louis NAPOLEON to all the
peoples of Germany as the patron of their liberties
against their present rulers. The EMPEROR well
knows, he saw it, indeed, plainly enough in Italy,
that peoples will rise only for, at least, constitutional
liberty. If he can create a ferment whidh shall
render it desirable, almost necessary, as in Italy,
for a native King to accept the offered crown of
the self-liberated States, then he may, as he did in
Italy, disregard the mnis•colouring of the Map for
1860, so far as the natural boundaries of France
are concerned ; he may turn to a German King and
Parliament across the Rhine, and say, as he did to
those across the Alps,—" Under the auspices of
France you entered on the path of Independence
and Liberty !" How will they be able to resist
the appeal—like Piedmont, they may be reluctant,
but [an aggrandised monarch, and his liberated
people, will feel compelled to vote for France, by
acclamation, "the left bank of the Rhine."

The Encomia at Oxford is the occassion annually
of a grand academic Charivari. Yet the uproar
ringing from the undergraduates gallery in the
old Sheldonian theatre, before the actual ceremo-
nies incident to this yearly Commemoration of
Founders and Benefactors cannot certainly be
deemed without its significance. It is the Youth
of England that through all that noise and tumult
of sounds gives utterance to its more generous
sympathies and its more hearty dislikes,
to its antipathies, and its predilections. Doctor
JOHNSON, who loved a good hater, would have
listened yesterday with some degree of complacency,
could he but have been present in the flesh, to the
alternate groans and cheers that greeted the names
of those most popular or the reverse among the
alumni of the University. Judging from the
plaudits yesterday accorded to the names of the
Rev. BRYAN KING and others, Puseyism still
seems in the ascendant among the Oxford un-
dergraduates. Yet they had hearty cheers
too, for the " Rev. CHARLES KINGSLEY," the type
mad champion of what is rather extravagantly and
even anomalously called Muscular Christianity. Is
there not a significance, we ask, in the fact, that
"Mr. GLADSTONE'S name, frequently given, was
always quarrelled with, and seemed distasteful to
the generality"—Mr. GLADSTONE, of all men in
the United Kingdom, but yesterday, not only
what he is, still M.P., but the pride, and boast,
and paragon of the University of Oxford ! Again
" the present Ministry," we hear from the reporter,
"raised a long and close struggle between groans
and cheers"—a similar treatment being awarded to
"the Bishop of OXFORD" and our leading morning
contemporary. There is something refreshing—
like a shout from the playgrounds—in hearing
of the cordial sheers given for Torn Brown's
School Days, that heartiest of recent contributions
to our light literature. What conclusions, besides,
may not there be drawn from the peculiarly
effective cry raised by one arch wag in the gallery
—whose whimsical demand of " Three cheers for
everybody except JOHN BRIGHT !" called down a
thundering storm of acclamations. The occasion of
this encmnia at Oxford yesterday was rendered pecu-
liarly interesting by the conferring of the honorary
degree of D.C.L., among others, upon Captain Sir
FRANCIS LEOPOLD ITCLINTOCK, R.N., and upon
the Right Hon. HENRY Lord BROUGHAM and
VAUX, Chancellor of the University of Edinburgh,
and sometime Lord High Chancellor of Eng-
land. Who will wonder that the gallant Com-
mander of the Arctic yacht Fox should
have been welcomed by an ovation (as he was)
by the undergraduates, and even by the other less
demonstrative spectators ! Still less, if possible,
will any one marvel that the veteran lawyer,
orator, statesman, and philosopher should have
been greeted (as he also was in his turn with a
peculiar degree of enthusiasm. " One loud and ring-
ing round of applause followed another," the
reporter writes, " so that it was some time before
Dr. Twiss could be heard at all while descanting
upon the learning, great ability, andsocial qualities
of this great promoter of education amongst all
classes." Such are a few among the more salient
incidents noticeable down at Oxford University
in this year's Commemoration.

LATEST

-" The

Mr. CARLYLE once dubbed Mr. COBDEN—'
Political Bagman." And a melancholy justification
of this ironical soubriquet is certainly being afforded
at this moment by his anomalous position at Paris
as a sort of a supplementary semi-official, un-
titled, half-recognised mercantile plenipotentiary.
It is a wretched spectacle altogether—this hag-
gling over the sous and centimes in a back street
of the French capital—this thrifty, parsimonious,
flint-skinning process of looking after the half-
pence now that we have let not merely the pounds
but the millions sterling look after themselves.
Here is England fresh from the folly of giving up
everything, of emptying her purse, as it were, to
the whole world—now endeavouring to wring from
France (in the name of the French alliance, for-
sooth !) some trumpery reciprocation of advantages
by way of compensation ! Nothing of the kind is
attempted to be done in regard to other foreign
Powers—such as Spain and Portugal. To the vine
growers of the Iberian peninsula we have thrown
open our ports as frankly as we have done to the
claret manufacturers of the south of France. Yet
it is to the French Government alone that we are
now making these urgent: advances, through our
extra-ordinary and undecorated diplomatist the
member for Rochdale, by way, of course (indeed
avowedly), of improving our friendly relatiops with
our immediate neighbours. Seeing that no similar
demands whatever for anything like a reciprocation
of these advantages are being made just now for
example, upon Spain or Portugal—our Imperial ally,
with a vivid appreciation of these distinguishing
favours on our part, might certainly be disposed
to ejaculate "Save me from my friends."
The reflection cannot but force itself upon one so
astute as the reigning EMPEROR that France in
this matter is expected to pay thus in small coin for
the mere hollow pretenee of this alliance.

How " hollow " it is felt to be on both sides
of the Channel we may recognise clearly through
more than one glaring indication. Yonder, not
merely in the fact of NAPOLEON keeping up in a
time of peace, an army of from 600,000 to 700,000
men—but more particularly from his continual
augmentation of a gigantic steam fleet, altogether
disproportioned to the coast defences or the colonial
requirements of the French Empire, and in fact
only serviceable upon the contingency of a war
with the greatest maritime power in the world!
Here—the tokens of this profound sense of the in-
security of the Anglo-French alliance, in the esti-
mation of all intelligent Englishmen, are visible in
characters so legible that " he who runs may read."
They are recognisable in the very numerals making
up the aggregate of the vast sums recorded in the
Budget of our Chancellor :of the Exchequer—
£ls,ooo,ooo for our maritime armaments,
£15,000,000 for our military armaments, altogether
£30,000,000 in a year of peace for the support of
our war establishments—actually close upon one
entire moiety of our monstrous annual expenditure
of £70,000,000 ! The same consciousness of the
hollowness of this vaunted French alliance has
summoned together under the banners of the Crown
—has spontaneously called together in the name of
the QUEEN and of the country 100,000 armed
civilians—those loyal and patriotic bands of Rifle
Volunteers, a considerable proportion of whose
aggregate number will on Saturday next be
reviewed in Hyde Park by the SOVE-
Yet further—it is this now almost
universal feeling as to the necessity of the
alliance that is about to supplement the demand
upon the year of £30,000,000 for the maintenance
of our sea and land forces, by a more significant
demand still for £11,850,000, or at the very least
for £8,000,000 or £10,000,000, for the rapid de-
velopment and completion of our system of coast
fortifications. And it is while we are yet in the
midst of this warlike solicitude, and of what (but for
the object held in view) we might almost designate,
with some degree of truth, this profligate expendi-
ture—it is at this most inopportune moment,
when we have just swept away the last barriers
at our ports, that we have Mr. COBDEN yonder
haggling over the halfpence in Paris ; trying in a
manner not the most dignified in the world to
extort from the reluctant authorities in France
some small, almost infinitessimal, return to us in
the name of Free Trade !—in the name of Free
Trade !--but really in the interests of that anti-
thesis to Free Trade, the old world cause of Recip-
rocity ! The late Sir ROBERT PEEL nobly profferel
his tribute of praise to the great Free Trader, when
attributing the main part of the success of
the then recent agitation for Free Trade to
Mr. COBDEN'S "ur adorned eloquence." The
member for Birmingham must needs travesty
the expre4ion not long since, when expatiating
with a somewhat precipitate enthusiasm upon the
new successes achieved by Mr, COBDEN, ill his later

ZEIGN.

THE) TSUN, LONDON, THURSDAY EVENING, JUNE 21, 1860.

NEWS.

Thn following telegrams have been received at
Mr. Reuter's office :

CAGLIARI, JUNE 20.
Colonel Medici, with 3,000 volunteers, has ar-
rived at Palermo.
Considerable forces will leave to-morrow for
Messina.

Important desertions from the Neapolitan army
have taken place.

CAGLIARI, JUNE 20.
All the communes in Sicily have presented ad-
dresses requesting annexation to Piedmont.
The clergy and aristocracy are at the head of the
movement.

The evacuation of Palermo continues ; but Mes-
sina is being fortified.

One hundred more dead bodies have been dis-
discovered in the ruins of the houses of Palermo
which were destroyed by the bombardment.
Carini, Manin, and Palezzolo are recovering.

BADEN, WEDNESDAY EVENING.

According to reliable information the final Con-
ference between the Prince Regent and the Ger-
man Sovereigns before their departure has brought
about a decisive agreement on those questions
which refer to the relations of Germany with foreign
countries.

PARIS, THURSDAY.

generals I

The Constitutional, in an article signed by its
chief editor, M. Grandguillot, strongly refutes the
opinion that the pamphlet entitled "Prussia in
1860," emanated from official inspiration.
At a Council of Ministers, held yesterday at
Fontainebleau, under the Presidency of the Em-
peror, M. Thouvenel, Minister for Foreign Affairs,
read the circular note which the French Govern-
ment is about to address to the Powers who have
signed the final act of Vienna, in order to demand
their recognition of the new settlement of the
French frontiers, resulting from the accomplished
fact of the annexation of Savoy and Nice to
France. This note summarily recalls the circum-
stances under which the annexation was accom-
plished, viz., the spontaneous cession of those
provinces by the King of Sardinia and the free
expression of the wishes of the inhabitants by
universal suffrage. M. Thouvenel expresses
his confidence that such an act, accomplished in
conformity with the generally admitted principles
of public right and international laws, will obtain
the adhesion of all Europe; the more so because
France is ready to renew before the European Areo-
pagus the assurance that she intends to assume the
obligations resulting from Article 92 of the final
Act of Vienna, referring to the neutralised districts
of Faucigny and Chablais.
The note then proceeds thus—The good faith of
the policy of France, and the friendly interest
which she has always shown in regard to Switzer-
land, offer the best guarantees for the faithful
accomplishment of such an engagement.
M. Thouvenel, in conclusion, distinctly hints that
the Court of the Tuileries will not consent to any
lessening (amoindrisse2nent) of Savoyard territory
in favour of Switzerland, although France accepts
a European conference on the question.

The circular note of M. Thouvenel will be
despatched this evening to London, and to-morrow
to Vienna, Berlin, and St. Petersburg, for com-
munication by the representatives of France to the
different Ministers for Foreign Affairs.
This note will also be communicated to the
Cabinets of Stockholm, Madrid, and Lisbon.

PARIS, JUNE 20.

Marshall Valliant • has arrived here.
The state of Prince Jerome's health is such as

to cause great anxiety.
The Opinion Nationale has received a second
warning for the publication of Victor Hugo's
speech. The motive given is that this article
contains expressions with regard to Neapolitan
affairs constituting a general• and violent appeal
to revolutionary passions.

MARSEILLES, JUNE 20.

According to advices received here from Syria,
36 villages had been burnt on Mount Lebanon.
The Turkish Governor had sent some forces to Dar-
el Kamor, in order to put a stop to the attacks of
the Druses on that locality. At Saidi, however,
the Turkish soldiers are said to have supported the
Druses, and to have participated in the massacre
of the Christians. The French Consul at Saidi is
reported to have entrenched himself within the
enceinte of the Khan with all the Europeans. A
French vessel was expected.
Fresh advices announce the commission of mur-
ders and burnings by Bashi-Bazouks.

VIENNA, JUNE 21.

The statement that Austria is about to reinforce
her flotilla in the Neapolitan waters is without
foundation. .

Rear-Admiral Fanlz will only sail for the
Adriatic Sea, in order to exercise the crew of the
newly built ship Kaiser.

ROME, THURSDAY.

According to official intelligence addressed from
Naples to the Holy Father, no infraction of public
ordcr has yet taken place in Calabria.

Aci-Reale, and, besides obtaining forced supplies of provi-
sions, he insisted upon a contribution of 6,000 ounces, or,
in default, threatened to burn the town. He succeeded in
extracting 2,000 ounces. Such are the Neapolitan

" On Friday afternoon a Neapolitan war steamer came in
from Palermo with the Bth Sharpshooters, It had been
rumoured that the troops in Palermo had capitulated; this
confirmed it. The troops were to be removed as soon as
practicable, and to return whence they came. Thus the Bth
Sharpshooters were sent here, whence they had started.
During Saturday there were rumours of disturbance having
commenced in Calabria, at Monteleone, Catanzaro, and
Cosenza. Towards the evening the only Neapolitan
steamer of war in port began to take in troops, and left dur-
ing the night for Pizzo. This steamer returned yesterday,
and this morning has again started with troops for the same
destination. There is very little communication between
this and the opposite coast, and thus more room is given
for rumours. It is said .(and it is not unliaely) that a land-
ing has been effected in Calabria by a strong band of Italian
patriots.

" On Sunday, at noon, an Austrian steam frigate arrived
at Palermo. The news learnt was that there were still
10,000 soldiers at the Mole waiting for steamers to embark;
that, though armed, they were afraid of some of Garibaldi's
bands disobeying orders and attacking them, and had ob-
tained from that General a guard of protection of 150 men.
Thirteen military bands had deserted, and the streets of
Palermo were enlivened all the day with music. The Fort
of Castellamare was still occupied by the Neapolitans, who
would embark, as well as those at the Mole, on the arrival
of steamers, and yesterday (Sunday) they would most likely
have left. Daily and numerous desertions were taking place.
Ten dollars were paid to every private with arms and ac-
coutrements—four dollars without them. The Austrian
Captain (a Venetian), expressed a supreme contempt at the
cowardly behaviour of the Royal troops, and observed that
if Francis 11. had no better hopes than the defence of such,
he had better at once seek refuge with the Emperor at
, Vienna.

"Among the troops here (Messina), there aro daily de-
sertions, not only of privates, but of officers and sub-officers.
On several occasions the sentinels on guard during the
night have decamped. It is a disease that seems on the
increase. This morning the Archimede, a small mercantile
steamer, now in the employ of the Neapolitan Government,
arrived from Naples, bringing again the celebrated Marshal
Affan de Rivera, who takes command of all troops here,
the late commander, General Russo, being recalled to
Naples. From such a brute as Don Affan we may expect
nothing but brutality. The postage stamps with the Bomba
head are not any longer efficient for letters for any place
out of the district of Messina.
" Afternoon.—lt has leaked out from the Archimede that
the Court of Naples are preparing for a run. The Royal
treasures have been embarked upon two steamers that keep
up their steam day and night. A telegraphic despatch has
ordered Affan de Rivera to proceed to command there.
Several boats have arrived from Reggio with Royalists ;
nothing has yet broken out in that town, but the aspect is
menacing. Any news of the defection of the troops at Mon-
teleone would cause a revolt. Letters by the Caradoc from
Palermo state that the Neapolitan troops were being removed
gradually; that two French transportshad arrived (chartered
by the Government) to assist in the operation ; that
Garibaldi was planting cannon against the fort of Castella-
mare, so that in case the garrison do not evacuate by the
time stipulated, their memories may be refreshed ; that the
municipal body bad been summoned by Garibaldi to decide
on the fate of Sicily, and it was expected the vote would be
annexation. It is said that the Government have sent
emissaries to Palermo to murder Garibaldi.

" The direct boat is in from Marseilles. The Neapolitan
missions to the Governments of France and England, beg-
ging their interference, have failed. Both have refused, and
have limited themselves to express their regret that their
good advice had been despised.