The Sun.
London, England, 1860-04-04 00:00:00

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anent as it springs up, and that; after f.ll the trouble
of change has been taken, a better gun even than
Whitworth's may be found before the year is
out. This may be true. But if the War-office is
to adopt this argument, and ignore the valuable
inventions which they have got because there
may be some undiscovered ones of which they
know nothing at all, elhat will become of the cer•
vice, or when will a step in progress be evc,r made ?
Whichever gun is proved to be best must owe
its superiority to broad scientific principles, and
any further improvement must therefore be merely
a development of the same fundamental ideae,
every step in which renders further progress less
probable. If, however, there should be a dozen
great improvements made in a dozen consecutive
years, the public will never grudge the money
for a change as long as they are convinced it is
for the better. It is the gigantic sums which
have been wasted on such rubbish as the Lan-
ch
tc
iams tiedr
ke
Ho
of those by whom they are carried out. To secure
ogfu nt
sh
ewehei dai leant; theof usenge s ,oroic:oamt Ilneoansst
the perfect development of two such invaluable
improvements as those of Armstrong and Whit-
worth undoubtedly are the country would never
flinch from any reasonable sum that might be re-
quired. Fortunately, however, whichever is se-
lected, no further outlay, it is said, will be necessary
in the way of plant or machinery ; so we may await
without any pecuniary misgiving the result or the
forthcoming trials, and the official proclamation as
to which gun is the best of the two. This result
our readers may depend upon knowing as soon as
it is definitely ascertained.—Tinzes.

;,

2111? NAVY.

A portion of the Channel Fleet, consisting of the
screw steamships Royal Albert, 121, Capt. H. J.
Lacon, bearing the flag of Admiral Sir Chas. Fre-
mantle, K.C.B. ; the Donegal, 101, Capt. H. Broad-
head ; the Aboukir, 90, Capt. Chas. F. Schomberg ;
and the screw steam-frigate Melpomene, 51, Capt.
C. J. F. Ewart, hove in sight at Plymouth about 6
o'clock yesterday (Tuesday) morning, with the wind
from the westward, a smart breeze. They came in
from sea under their three topsails, and on reaching
the west-end of the breakwater took in all canvas,
and proceeded under steam to the anchorage ground,
the flagship taking her position well to the west-
ward. At 8 o'clock the flag of Port Admiral Sir Bar-
rington Reynolds, K.C.8., was honoured by a
salute, which was acknowledged by the Impreg-
nable, 104, Capt. Stewart, in Hamoaze. This por-
tion of the Channel fleet left Lisbon on Friday,
March 23, in company with the screw steamships
Edgar, 91, Capt. James E. Kator ; Algiers, 91,
Capt. George W. D. O'Callaghan ; Queen, 86, Capt.
F. Hillyar ; Mars, 80, Capt. James N. Strange; and
the screw steam-frigate Mersey, 40, Capt. Henry
Caldwell, C.B. The Edgar carried away her main
topsailyard on Sunday morning, when crossing the
Bay of Biscay. The Edgar and Mersey have lost
a man each overboard. On Monday night, off the
Lizard, the Edgar, Algiers, Queen, Mars, and Mer-
sey parted company, and proceeded up Channel for
Portsmouth. Very fine weather was experienced at
first, but within the last four days strong gales
from the west-north-west have prevailed, with ex-
traordinary heavy seas. All the ships are reported
leaky; the Royal Albert will require a thorough
caulking. Two Dutch ships of war were in the
Tagus.

The Victoria and Albert, Royal paddle-yacht,
was yesterday removed from the steam basin to her
moorings in Portsmouth harbour, where she re-
ceived her crew preparatory to her intended cruise.
The Euryalus, 51, screw, Capt. Tarleton, C. 8.,
was undocked yesterday from No. 7 dock at Ports-
mouth, and placed in the steam basin, where she
will receive her new boilers, and complete her re-
fit for further service.
The Vulture, 6, paddle, Capt. George Parker, has
been remov'ed from the middle harbour buoy in
Portsmouth harbour, and berthed alongside the
sheer jetty, where she has commenced taking out
ker masts. She will pay off on Thursday (to-mor-
row) if possible.
Rear-Admiral of the White Sir F. Maitland, ac-
companied by his future flag captain, Capt. Mac-
kenzie, yesterday paid a visit to the Bacchante, 51,
screw, at Portsmouth, the intended flagship of the
gallant Admiral for the Pacific station.
The Siren, 16, Commander G. M. Balfour, whose
arrival at Spithead on Alonday from Pernambuco
was reported in The Sun of yesterday, sailed into
Portsmouth harbour yesterday at 5 30 p.m., and
took up a berth for stripping and paying off.
The new screw steam gun vessel Landrail, in-
tended to carry five guns, launched on Thursday at
Deptford, having been fitted with her engines of 80
horse power, was yesterday towed down to Wool-
wich by the steam tug Bustler to be completed for
service.

Her Majesty's military store steamship Lord
Panmure, H. T. Moore, commander, yesterday
sailed from Woolwich, laden with Armstrong guns
and other war materials.

The hired transports Sarah, Secret, Robert Hay,
and Royalist have commenced shipping cargoes of
war stores from Woolwich arsenal, and the follow-
ing vessels were yesterday chartered to load from
the docks, namely:—The Teal, Woodbine, Banshee,
John Romilly, Lord of the Isles, and the Brisk.
A huge ship's boiler, on a new principle, intro-
duced by the Earl of Dundonald, fitted with verti-
cal instead of horizontal tubes, which, in lieu of
acting as flues, will contain water serving to gene-
rate steam, and stipulated to create an economy in
the consumption of fuel, was yesterday received at
Woolwich from Birmingham, and is ordered to be
tested and reported on by the officers of the factory
department of the dockyard for the information of
the Board of Admiralty.

The following appointments were made yesterday
at the Admiralty :—Y. D'Arcy Harvey, assistant
clerk to the Conqueror ; A. S. Ramsay, assistant
clerk supernumerary to the Nile ; J. S. Canncn, as-
sistant clerk to the Hawke ; and W. B. Harvey, 2d
class assist.-engineer to the Victoria and Albert.

The Duke of Modem
nexation of his states to .
following terms:—
We, Francis V., Archduke of Austria, Prince
Royal of Hungary and or Bohemia by the grace of
God, Duke of Modena, Reggio, Mirandole, Massa,
Carrara, Guastaila, &e.
The facts occurring towards the end of' April,
1859, in the Grand Duchy of Tuscany, and the atti-
tude of Sardinia, grown more hostile at that t;me
towards us, having compelled us to concenlrateour:
military forces, by removing them from that part
of the duchy that is contiguous to those two states,
we protested on the 14th of May, 1859, against the
unjust usurpation of those provinces, which the
Piedmontese Government, immediately after the
departure of our troops, did not delay effecting.
The events of the war in Lombardy, the revolu-
tion already consummated at Parma, the imminence
of that of "t he Legations, the violation by the French
troops of our territory on the side of the Tuscan
frontier, obliged us to retire, with the greater
part of our troops, from the remainder ofour states,-
convinced as we were of the impossibility of ma:tr:!!
taming ourselves therein as an independent save-
-2-:,i;411 relative to enemies immensely superior --in
numbers and means.
The revolutionary faction, directed and supported
in every way by the Sardinian Government,
ap-
pointedsuc-
by the decree of June 11, 1859; and a
cerded in overthrowing-the regency we had
Fiedmontese commissioner im medial ely seized
power and put himself at the head of the revolt.
We then addressed from Villafranca, on the 22d
June, 1859, a second protest, wherein deelariwe
the spoliations committed by the Government of
Sardinia to the prejudice of our sovereign.,
rights we referred to the declarations--
already made respecting the illegality of
the acts, which every Government or power.
not proceeding from us might or should have pro-
claimed in our states, and we thereupon appealed
to the friendly and allied courts.
The armistice of Villafranca lr.‘ing put a stop to
hostilities between Austria and trance, the belli-
gerent powers drew up the preliminaries of
pence, that were subsequently raised by the treaty
of Zurich to the height of solemn stipulations, and
both in the two former as in the latter the reesta-
blishment of our sovereignty was openly and in-
contestably covenanted -in such a way that--:Our •
rights received
,frona
-sanction.- • •
Everyone .knows how the Fiona GOVernment
hindered by its acts acts and interpretations the
possibility of our restoration; and how the Sar-
dinian Government, though it also signed the treaty
of Zurich, continued disloyally through its organs
and representatives, or whatever their titles may
have been, to dispose as a master of our state, and
to assimilate it to its own.

The recent decree of annexation, which they take
pains
asupptoo h s
eedx
universal
as the
sucffornasgequ
suffrage,
ewohfitchhe
ivno tbeesi
being
extended to the /Emilia, includes also our states,
completes the series of unjust and illegal acts by
which they have succeeded in depriving us of the
sovereignty that we had inherited from our ances-
tors, after they had exercised it for many centuries
—a sovereignty which, at the close of events analo-
gous to the present ones, was by the treaty of
Vienna in 1815, acknowledged and restored in
favour of our family by the whole of Europe, for-
tunately at that time united by coalition, and trium-
phant over the revolution.

- We believe then that. we are fulfilling a most
sacred duty by protesting, as we herewith do pro-
test, once more in the face of Europe 'against a
similar act that is an infraction of all our rights,
after it had been based on violence, and after the
victories of a powerful ally had been turned to ac-
count in order to obtain an aggrandisement long
coveted and long prepared by fraudulent and tree.
cherous means; against an act that is based on a
principle opposed to every dynastic system ; against
an act, in short, that in its execution is devoid of
every guarantee derived from good faith, having
been conceived, followed up, and controlled by those
very persons who had excluded the voting in favour
-
of the legitimate and pre-existing power; by those
very persons, we say, who, relying. on a strong
armed force constantly maintained in our states,
employ deceit and intimidation for the purpose of
exercising an overwhelming pressure upon the po-
pular vote.
The faithful troops by whom we have been ac-
companied into the territory of his Majesty the
Emperor of Austria, and who received them so
generously and hospitably—these troops who in-
cessantly preserve for us an unshakeable fidelity and
devotedness; the number of the distinguishedpersons
who by their voluntary emigration protested against
the change of rule effected in our states ; the still
greater number of those who underwent imprison-
ment, persecutions of every kind, and the loss of
their situations, or who spontaneously resigned the
public offices they filled, exposing themselves in
many instances to privations rather than abjure
their principles or fail in their duty as loyal
subjects; the avoidance of all participa-
tion in the present state of things on the
part of the great thajority of the upper classes in
Modena and of the clergy; lastly, the frequent
manifestations of fidelity that broke out in the
rural districts, notwithstanding the most active
vigilance, and although immediately suppressed—
all these are so many proofs that this pretended
universal suffrage, from which the Sardinian usur-
pation derives an appearance of legality, is merely
the result of that perfidy and wrong that from the
outset distinguished the conduct of the Piedmontese
Government and of its adepts.
This solemn declaration, that we also make for
our successors, has chiefly for its object to protest
against all prejudice against the rights of soverignty
appertaining to us in virtue of descent, and sanc-
tioned as well as guaranteed by the European
powers. We protest likewise against the spoliations
committed, against the usurpations consummated,
against the universal suffrage adopted or simulated
to that behoof, against the losses we have endured
therefrom, and against those we may still have to
endure, against the losses and prejudices, in short,
to which, in consequence of these unjust and illegal
acts, the faithful part of our subjects may be ex-
posed.
We wish to have recourse, and we again appeal
for support to the powers that guaranteed the trea-
ties, 'being certain on our part that they will never
admit the right of the strongest, or the theory of
the supposed universal suffrage, since such a prin-
sctioptlees,?
wh ohuogs he
rapplied
ea
It,epr rt
he seelne
st s t
aor oe ncieu
quite
tahsesaesmallsacred
as those of the largest, might hereafter, by the
analogy of reason, be extended to all the other
states, and so attack the existence of every Euro-
pean monarchy.'
Penetrated with the sentiments of our duty to-
wards our faithful subjects, we declare, finally, that
adversity shall never force us to renounce our rights
of sovereignty over our States ; and being convinced
that we are thus fulfilling the trusts reposed in us
by Divine Providence, we shall await future events
with the firm hope that the justice of God will put
a limit to the machinations, from which States and
peoples are the victims, by securing one day the
triumph of the good cause.
(Signed) FRANCIS.
Vienna, March 22, 1860.

CIVIL SERVICE EXAMINATION.—The result of
the examination of 40 candidatgs for 12 third-class clerkships
in the War-office has just been made known. The names of
the gentlemen who have thus succeeded in obtaining an
emolument of £IOO a-year are as follows: —C . L. Sutherland,
J. Young, R. H. Granville, H. G. Platt, T. Briant, D. F.
F. Richardson, C.°Morton, S. C. Roehat, E. B. Falwasser,
D. Pigott, A. A'Beckett, and J. P. Rin-Aces.
THE ACCIDENT ON TIIE EASTERN COUNTIES
RAILWAY.—The adjourned inquiry into the cause of the
death of George Alexander Falconer, who expired on the
11th of March from injuries sustained by the accident at
Tottenham on the 20th of February, wig; resumed yesterday
afternoon before Mr. Humphreys, in the Sir John Cass
Tavern Victoria-road, South Hackney. Mr. Sergeant
Ballantine appeared for the Eastern Counties Railway .
Company, and Mr. Humphreys (of Humphrey, Morgan,
and Co.) for the widow of the deceased. The greater num-
ber of the scientific gentlemen connected with railwar and
the manufacture of iron who gave evidence at the Totten-
ham inquiry were also present. 'I he only new evidence of
a scientific kind which was produced, was that which was
given by Sir Charles Fox. In answer to questions by Mr.
Humphreys, Sir Charles stated that he had examined with
great care the tire which had broken and occasioned the ac-
cident. The fracture had been occasioned by a weld which
had never been perfect, but he was of opinion that if the
tire of the wheel had been properly blocked it would have
given certain indications which would have informed a care-
ful workman that a defect existed. In cross-examination by
Mr. Sergeant Ballantine, Sir Charles said that very
defects in tires might remain undetected by the systemsmall
blocking he had referred to, but he thought the defect whicohf
caused the accident was originally too large not to have given.
,
tleirioilwaltsoorni an engineer
ronworks, and
South-Western Railway, wore
3,1‘ indicationsrr
Fenton ofet
hniegt
nneeaxenirsa togefenrtchoe
ef.
then called Beattie,by Mr. Sergeant Ballantine, and each of them
gave an opinion disagreeing with that of Sir Charles Fox.
The coroner having carefully , summed up, the jury
,re-
turned Falconer
etrh edfollowing
e verdictlth : TofhamtaGeorge Alexander
s
death arose from the upsettindgay:f a certain
en-
gine on the Eastern Counties Railway, and
locomotive
haantdthte uatpslei ' ti
ting of the said locomotive engine was caul ed by a wheel
being used whereon was a defective tire."
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efficacy in the cure of these disorders, an' also bile, sick-
headache and nervousness. They rapidly renovate a debi-
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famed pills are too highly, appreciated to , require any en-
comium here, as they are resorted to by t ;he rich and poor
of every nation. They give tone to the st. mach, invigorate
the whole physical system, and clear the mind of what are
called " vapours." They confer general energy by equa-
lising the circulation throughout every or, ;an of the body,

A MOST LAUGHABLE STEREOGRAM.
Ist of APRIL,
OMIC S U N.
C • By CROWQUILL. Photographtfd by
LONDON STEREOSCOPIC COMPANY,
54, CHEAPSIDE, AND 313, OXFORD-S CREET.
POST FREE FOR 18 STAMPS. MUST ORDER EARLY

BENSON'S WATC H E S.
"Perfection of mechanism."--Morning Post.
Gold Watches 4 to 100 guineas.
Silver Watches
33 and 34, Ludgate-hill, London, E.C.
Beud 2 stamps for Benson's Illustrated Pamphlet on Watche •

A DELPHT, NEW THEATRE-ROYAL.
£3. Sole Proprietor and Manager, Mr. Benj. Webster.
Most powerful attraction for the Holidays. Adelphi Drama
and Grand Extravaganza.
On Easter Monday, April 9, will be reproduced the popular
originalry Adelphi drama of THE DEAD HEART. Robert
Land B. Websterwho will make his first apearanc
since his Mr. return from his greatly successful provinciapl tour) e ;
Messrs. P. Bedford, J. L. Toole, David Fisher, Stuart, C. J.
Billington, Eburne, Powell, Romer, Page ; MissWool-
gar, Miss K. Kelly, Miss Laidlaw.
After which (first time at this theatre), the Grand Musical
Fairy Extravaganza, by J. R. Planche, Esq., of TIIE FAIR
ONE WITH THE GOLDEN LOCKS. King Lachrymose,
Mr. J. L. Toole ; Count Pleniposo, Mr. P. Bedford ; Viscount
Verysoso, Mr. C. J. Smith ; Graceful. Miss Woolgar ; Queen
Lucidora, Miss Emily Thorne (her first appearance at this
theatre) ; Mollmopsa, Miss K. Kelly.
Box-office open from 10 till 5 on Thursday the sth, and on
Saturday the 7th. Private boxes, £2 2s. ; Family Boxes, £1;
Orchestra Stalls, ss. ; Balcony, 4s. ; Front Circle Stalls, 3s. ;
Pit Stalls, 2s. Manage
;mitheatre, Is ; Gallery, 6d.
Acting —Mphr. Wm. Smith.

CANTERBURY HALL CONCERTS.-
THIS EVENING,
LIICREZIA BORGIA,
(Donizetti).

Donna Lucrezia . Miss Russell.
Mafilo Orsini Mrs. Anderson.
Gennaro Mr. Henry Herbert.
Don Alfonzo Signor Tivoli.
Conductor—Mr. Jonghmans.
Comic Vocalists—Messrs. George Hodson (the Irish Come-
dian and Mimic), W. T. Critchileld, and E. W. Mackney.
Several interesting. Pictures are added to the Fine Arts
Gallery. The suite of Halls have been re-decorated and
beautified, and constitute one of the most unique and brilliant
sights of the metropolis.
The gallery is open from 5 Llllll on Sunday Evening.

HIGH WATER AT LONDON BRIDGE.
Tnis DAY.—Morning, 12h. 21m.—Afternoon., 12h. 46m,
To-moaßow.-Morning, lh. Sm.—Afternoon, lh. 9m.

THE POST-OFFICE AND
NEWSPAPERS.

Scarcely a day elapses Mat we do not
receive complaints of newspapers missing,
being to• late, or arriving several posts be-
hind time. This is an intolerable nuisance
to our subscribers, and is, besides, highly
prejudicial to ourselves. Where rests the
evil ? It is idle to complain, for polite
answers and promises avail nothing.
Surely Sir Rowland Hill will have some
merciful consideration, and endeavour to
redress the grievance. It is a double geiev-
ance, for we are made to pay for not send-
ing the paper, which is often kept back till
next morning, which loses a day to our
subscribers, who truly say that old news is
no news, causing anger rather Man benefit.
If the General Post-office be not large
enough, then extend it, or build another
capacious enough for every purpose, be the
cost what it may. It will serve for all
time. We make this suggestion in a spirit
of good-will, and hope that good may come
of it.
Sun Office, April 4, 1860.

THE SUN.
LONDON, WEDNESDAY, APRIL 4, 1860.

Spain has been latterly endeavouring to follow
in the footsteps of France—Marshal O'DONNELL
has been taking a leaf out of the book of NAPOLEON
111. The comparison—saving only in the sly
evasion characterising the policy of both the prin-
cipal actors, and in regard to which the resem-
blance is certainly very exact—reveals in effect
nothing more nor less than a grand political
travesty on the part of the Spaniard.
Marshal O'DONNELL wanted a little political
capital. He wanted to be recognised by his Queen
and by Europe generally as something better than
a successful political adventurer. He desired, like
a true Spaniard, to be formally enrolled among
the haughty ranks of the Grandees ! He deter-
mined if possible to win his spurs of knighthood-
-to receive the ennobling stroke of the accolade—to
become like a greater man than he, one who had long
occupied the same position under the same sovereign,
at Madrid, to wit, the illustrious Patriot and Soldier,
Statesman and Administrator, BALDOMERO ESPAR-
TER°, a Duke by a new creation, commemorative in
its very name of some signal victory. So far—
Marshal O'DONNELL has certainly, in a measure,
carried out his intentions. He has ingeniously
contrived to manufacture this recent war in
Morocco. He had previously parodied the career
of the French EMPEROR—in so far as the com-
mencement of his virtual rule had been signalised
also by a coup d'etat. O'DONNELL, from the moment
of the explosion of HIS coup detat at Madrid, had
gathered up is his grasp pretty firmly—as upon a
larger and more heroic scale his Imperial prototype
at Paris had done from the moment of HlS—the
reins of the Government. But, as the French
EMPEROR appeared to feel towards the close of
1858 that it would be, perhaps, better, all things
consiiered, to win new favour with his army by
showing in a conspicuous manner his capacity for
its command, his capability (previously only
surmised by those who knew his military
genius and his theoretical aptitude as a
Generalissimo) of conducting his soldiers
triumphantly through a campaign from victory to
victory—so did O'DONNELL emulously follow in
the footsteps of his chosen Pattern and Example,
and strive to do in like manner : as the Frog did of
old in Xsop's fable, when endeavouring to assume
the proportions of the ox ! The Moroccan war was,
however, it must be confessed, but a sorry imitation,
after all, of the recent campaign in Lombardy.
Instead of being—like the latter—rapid and dash-
ing, it was lamentably lame and halting, it was
miserably and tediously prolonged. The victories
of Marshal O'DONNELL must, even by his own in-
infatuated [sympathisers, be :confessed, to pale
their ineffectual fire beside those won by
the French EMPEROR and his Marshals,
beside the name and fame, for example, of
such " foughten fields" as Magenta and Solferino.
However, the Spaniard is now a Grandee—be is
Duke of Tetuan--he has marched and fought at the
head of his men--he has had gazettes and congra-
tulations. And now, if he be without his Solferinos
and so forth, he has at any rate worthily followed
so far in the footsteps of the French, now that he
has also his Vill afranca and his Savoy ! There is
the treaty, which is to be signed at Tetuan on
the 25th inst. between 'Spain and Morocco, and
there are the subsequent acts of annexation ! Mo-
rocco is to cede to Spain the whole territory from
the sea to the ho flow road of Anghera, and also in
the neighbourhcod of Santa Cruz a certain portion
of other territory ! Like France—Spain now
" keeps the wort l of promise to the ear and breaks
it to the hope "1" Lord JOHN RUSSELL had
written on the, .15th October to Sir ANDREW
BUCHANAN—" 3EI er MAJESTY'S Government ear-
nestly desire th at there may be no change of
possession on t be Moorish coast of the Straits.
The importance they attach to this object can-
not be overrate 3 ; and it would be impossible
for them, or i ndeed for any other maritime
Power, to see with indifference the present
Occupation by 83 ?ain of such a position on that

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