The Sun.
London, England, 1860-11-22 00:00:00

THE SUN, LONDON, THURSDAY EVENING, NOVEMBER 22, IS6O.

cially in England and Prussia, the union of the two powers
has promoted the development of the national instincts and
of liberty.
" Does not England enjoy constitutional immunities?
" Is not Prussia at the head of German Liberalism ?
" What is useful for others will be good and useful for
our dear France, a land so fertile in all grand and gene-
rous ideas. In the name, then, of the country and of the
national will; in the name of religion, endangered by am-
bitions which have no longer any reason for their existence ;
in the name of human progress inaugurated in 1789—in
the name of tolerance and free will—the two great laws of
modern times, in the name of the security of all, and of
peace—let the head of the State at last unite in one and the
same grasp the political power, and the administration of
public worship. Let the political government in future
have no longer two distinctive centres—Paris and Rome—
that is to say two centres of civilisation and of obscurantism.
Let the French clergy, as the only body combining the
science and the morality necessary to direct public worship,
no longer receive its inspirations from abroad, but from its
conscience and its patriotism. The priest should be above
all, a citizen, and serve the State which pays him Rome
is a factitious country; the moment is come to declare for
France."

Now, we can easily imagine more than one reason
why such outspoken sentiments should be published,
in a form, certainly, very telling with Frenchmen,
and altogether in accordance with the traditional in-
dependence of the Gallican Church. The French are
not, like the Irish, a people naturally half disposed
to worship the POPE. At one time they may be
said to have had a Pope of their own ; and their
prelates, in past times, have contended as earnestly
against popes for church franchises, as ever mo-
narchs have done for their civil independence.
Latterly there has been a prelatical, and perhaps, in
some measure, a clerical tendency to ultramon-
tanism, but it may be questioned whether even the
ignorant but excitable French peasantry are not
quite ready to respond to the cry for Gallic Church
Independence. If then it be feasible to discuss such
a subject, whyis it discussed ? For one thing, it looks
quite as liberal as despotic to propose that the Re-
presentative of all Frenchmen should be their head
in all causes, " ecclesiastical as well as civil," as we
phrase it here. If it glorifies an Emperor, it also
glorifies France in his person ; it makes her inde-
pendent, self-contained, self-competent, ecclesias-
tically as well as civilly. Then there may also be
other reasons at home and abroad. It may serve as
a hint to Bishops who abuse their relation to Rome
as an instrument for vexing the Government, that
the Government has an ecclesiastical coup d'etat on
the cards, which would enable the EMPEROR to
speak to his Bishops in the style adopted by our
" glorious Queen BEss" to the Bishop of ELY.
The Bishops know also full well that they have a
cunning and a resolute man to deal with, and may
think it wiser to become suddenly very loyal than
to wake up some fine morning—perhaps December
2d, 1860—and find thenaselves some in prison, some
crossing the frontiers, and all the remainder meekly
giving their allegiance to the side on which—
" their bread was buttered." Such things as this
last we in England saw enough of when we ac-
cepted our great Royal POPE.
We do not know whether it has ever occurred to
our readers, that M. CAYLA'S argument from facts
is substantially correct. The Sovereigns of whom
he speaks are substantially the Popes of their re-
spective countries—and our gracious QUEEN the
Papesse of our own. The CZAR more openly in-
sists on his supremacy over the Russian Greek
Church, and the SULTAN is supreme in Islam
through veneration for the hereditary representa-
tive of the prophet ; and the other Monarchs
have by law or custom more or less power in their
respective countries. But, here, our QUEEN'S
supremacy is no figment. At least it is no more
of one, than her supremacy in civil matters. In
both she necessarily acts through her servants, and
through her courts of law. All the rulers of the
Church here are nominated by her, and a large
proportion of the livings themselves are at her
disposal. But not only that. The decision of the
doctrine of the Church rests with her. We have
seen, in our time, one of the most mysterious
of transcendental doctrines—the nature, namely, of
baptismal regeneration, settled by the QUEEN
through her Judicipl Committee of Privy Council.
The nature of the divine presence in the Eucharist
seems also likely, sooner or later, to be submitted
to ;the same tribunals. We know not that the
doctrine of the infallibility of the POPE extends
much beyond this. He, we believe, before decree-
ing anything to be the doctrine of the Catholic
Church, hears all that can be said on both sides of
the question. He decides, in fact, after a full can-
vassing of the subject by counsel on both sides—
and certainly, in principle, this is what Queen VIC-
TORIA did in the celebrated GORHAM case. She
settled the doctrine for her Church; in the main
by much the same method as the POPE settled the
doctrine of the Immaculate Conception for his.
If the French pamphleteer, and his possible
prompter, want a case to gild their own, they cer-
tainly cannot do better than refer to England. It
will look like following the freeest institutions in
Europe, while it will be, in truth, selecting their
monarchical portions, and adding them to the
monarchical part of the present French system.
As to the bearing of such a change on the prospects
of liberty in France, it is by no means clear that it
must be favourable. The clergy would, of course,
be more dependent than they now are on the Go-
vernment, but whether the Court of Rome, or the
Court of Paris, be most inimical to liberty, it is
hard to say. Rome has never espoused the
cause of peoples against Sovereigns but
for some selfish purpose. Her natural
and general instinct has been, to aid rulers in putting
their feet on the necks of their people. For this
she has always taken care to have her price,
especially in making concordats. We, naturally

like to see other countries freed from all inter-
meddling on the part of that foreign Prince,
potentate, or bishop, for whom Englishmen have
such a strong hereditary aversion ; but it is by
no means quite certain that, just now, French
Catholics might not find that they had exchanged
King LOG for King STORK. Perhaps it may be
said that they have both Kings now. True ; and the
inertia of the one may afford as little shelter
occasionally against the other. But the chief
benefit of the change, which Englishmen can but
think of with pleasure, would pr.ebably be future.

France would doubtless develope herself more

naturally, and probably better, were she not ex-

posed to foreign influence.

Who can tell what

Ireland might have been by this time had her

creed united her with the intelligence and indus-
try of England and Scotland, and not with the

retrogressive States under Papal influence. For,

account for it how we will, the States of Europe

rank, in respect of civilised energy, very much in

proportion to their independence of the See of

Rome.

The Queen will hold a Privy Council to-morrow
(Friday) at Windsor Castle.

His Royal Highness the Duke of Cambridge
arrived at Gloucester House, yesterday, from visiting her
Majesty at Windsor Castle.
The Countess of Caledon has arrived at Carlton-
house. terrace from Ireland.

Vicount Palmerston gave a dinner last evening
:o the Cabinet Ministers, at his residence in Piccadilly.

Lord and Lady De Table.; have been entertaining
a succession of visitors during tile past week at their seat
in Cheshire.

A marriage is arranged to take place between the
Lady Victoria Howard, oldest daughter of the Duke and
Duchess of Norfolk, and Mr. J. R. Hope-Soltt, Q.C., of
Abbotsford, whose first wife, it will be remembered, was
gritUddaugb.ter of Sir Walter Scott.

MADAME CLARA NOYELLO'S FARE-

WELL CONCERT.

Madame Clara Novello has taken her farewell—
her last farewell—of the public, Her career—the
most brilliant that any English vocal performer
has had during the present century—is ended,
and she retires into private life, carrying with her
the regret and good wishes cf every one who has
derived from her performances the highest and
most refined pleasures which the art of music can
bestow, and of every one who has had the means
of knowing, from personal acquaintance, her many
virtues and amiable qualities.

The announcement of her farewell concert
created much excitement in our musical circles,
and drew, last evening, the greatest audience we
have ever seen in St. James's Hall. Long
before the doors (+el:led, the lines of carriages
in Regent-street extended as far as the Polytechnic
Institution; there were numbers of them approach-
ing by all the neighbouring streets; and in a short
time every part of the building was densely
crowded.

The concert was in three parts, and in each part
Madame Novello was heard. In the first she sang
one piece, but it was one which has always been
one of her grandest efforts—the magnificent scena,
" Ocean, thou mighty monster," from Weber's
" Oberon." The beautiful song, " Mark the waves
that rippling play," sung by Undine with a chorus
of female voices, produced an immense sensation.
The applause from every part of the hall was so
loud and prolonged that the fair prima donna
could not but interpret it as an encore, and, though
she had retired from the orchestra, she returned,
and the piece was repeated with undiminished
effect. The concert concluded with " God save the
Queen," Madame Novello singing the solos. Shr..,
made her parting obeisance, and retired from the
orchestra amid acclamations and waving of hats
and handkerchiefs from all parts of the hall.

PARTIAL DESTRUCTION OF THE COLDBATFI
FIELDS ROUSE OF CORRECTION BY FIRE.

Shortly after 10 o'clock this morning the greatest excite-
ment was occasioned by the breaking out of a Are in the
House of Correction, Coldbath-fields.

The fire was discovered by one of the warders, who in-
stantly gave notice to the officers of the prison, and in a
few minutes active steps were taken to confine,
if not extinguish, the conflagration in the apart-
ment in the east wing, in which it originated.
Expresses were instantly sent off to the different
statims of the London Fire Brigade, and in a very short
time a number of engines arrived and set to work instantly,
but with apparently little effect, as the flames appeared to
be rapidly spreading. A mounted messenger was despatched
to Engineer:Gerard for the attendance of the newly-in-
vented land steam engine, which quickly arrived, and com-
menced operations in admirable style ; but notwithstand-
ing the immense jets of water that were discharged from
the hose of tke different engines, the fire got hold of the
store room of the prison, and burned with great fury.
The brigade men continued their exertions, and after
some considerable time the conflagration was so far extin-
guished as to prevent all apprehensions of danger for the
western portion of the building.

Up to three o'clock the engines were still playing upon
the building, which, of course, has suffered very con
siderable injury.'

The Right Hon, Sir Edward Bulwer Lytton,
Bart., 3LP., is at Corfu, engaged in literary pursuits. The
right hon. baronet, who, we are glad to learn, is in im-
proved health, is not expected to return home until the
spring.

A HERO REWARDED.—Ensign Chaplin, who
so greatly distinguished himself before the Taku Forts, has
been promoted to a lieutenancy, without purchase, in the
100th Foot.

WALBROOIC WARD.—The nomination of candi-
dates for the vacant aldermanic gown of Walbrook Ward,
took place this afternoon, at the School-rooms, Oxford-
court, Cannon-street. The gentlemen seeking the honour
are Mr. John Linklater and Mr. James Clark Lawrence.
The polling will take place to-morrow from 10 to 4.
ME ROAD MURDER.—It was fully expected
this morning that an application would be made in the
Court of Queen's Bench for a re-opening of coroner's in-
quisition on the body of John Saville Kent, but in conse-
quence of their lordships being occupied with the hearing
of the arguments in a very long and intricate case relating
to some building transactions, the motion for a writ ad
tnelius inquirenduin, was postponed. It is very probable it
will be made to-morrow morning.
REPRESENTATION OF SOUTHWARK.—Last night
a meeting of the inhabitants of the borough of Southwark
was held at St. George's Tavern, Lambeth-road, to take
into consideration the best means to be adopted to secure
the return of a representative in the room of the late Sir
Charles Napier; Mr. Evan B. Jones, of the Southwark-
bridge-road, was called to the chair. Mr. Day moved
a resolution to the effect " That in the opinion of
this meeting, from the expression of liberal opinions Mr.
Scovell has given, he was well qualified to represent the
borough in Parliament." The resolution having been
seconded, some discussion took place, which resulted in an
amendment being moved by Mr. Dredge in favour of Mr.
Fawcett,which was declared to be carried by a large majority.
Mr. Llewellyn then moved the following amendment
" That, in the opinion of this meeting, Mr. Layard is a fit
and proper person to represent the borough in the Commons'
House of Parliament, and that a deputation be appointed
to present this resolution to him, with a request that ho
would allow himself to be put in nomination for the repre-
sentation of the borough." Mr. White seconded the amend-
ment, which was carried unanimously.
THE FATAL FIRE AT POPLAR.—The fire, which
we noticed on Tuesday last, in which a poor girl 13 years
of age was burnt to death, and Mr. Donovan, who occupied
the upper part of the house, was, together with one of his
daughters, terribly burnt in endeavouring to escape from
the burning building, has proved of a more disastrous cha-
racter than was at rst expected. Yesterday morning it
was announced that the unfortunate girl, who was removed
to the London Hospital, had expired in that institution
from the effects of the burns reeeived, and that no hopes
could be entertained of the recovery of her unfortunate
father. It is therefore expected that Mr. Humphreys, the
coroner, will not go fully into the inquiry until the state of
Mr. Donovan is officially ascertained.
GREAT FIRE AT MANCHESTER.—MANCHESTER,
Wednesday Evening.---A fire, which threatens to be ono
of the most extensive that has occurred for many years
past in this city,was discovered about half-past four o'clock
this afternoon in an old manufactory belonging to Messrs.
Birley, near Oxford-street. Six fire-engines had been de-
spatched up to five o'clock, but it appears that the flames
are rather making progress than likely to be subdued.
Many of the workpeople are still inside the mill, some of
them screaming for help. Efforts have been made with
fire-escapes to rescue them. Great fear is felt for the
safety of extensive gasworks almost adjoining, as well as
for a neighbouring sugar refinery and much of the adjoin-
ing mill property.
Loss OF SEVEN LIVES.—A sad catastrophe oc-
curred last Wednesday night. A sloop called the Charlotte
was on her way from Leeds to Lincoln with a cargo of rape
cake, and while taking the turning from the river Ouse into
the river Trent she came in violent collision with a sand-
bank and capsized. The tide was running at the rate of
eight knots an hour at the time, and the unfortunate vessel
turned completely over, bottom upwards. There wero seven
persons on board at the time, the whole of whom were
drowned. They consisted of the commander of the sloop,
Capt. Taylor, his wife, and two children ; the mate, named
William Hopkinson • and a young woman and a boy, who
were going to Lincoln. Another vessel was near at hand
when the Charlotte capsized, but no assistance could be
rendered to any of the persons on board the unfortunate
sloop.

ZOOLOGICAL GARDENS.—A young male example
of a very scarce and little• known animal of the swine family
—the babirussa—has just been received by the Zoolegical
Society, and is now placed in their gardens in the Regent's-
park. The adult babirussa is remarkable for the extraor-
dinary development of his tusks, which turn upwards and
backwards, and form a semicircle nearly meeting the jaws
again. The whole contour of the animal is also very dif-
ferent from that of the true pig. The babirussa is a native
of the island of Celebes, in the Indian Archipelago, and
obtained its name from the extraordinary idea of the Malays
that it originates in a cross between a pig (baba) and a dear
(russa). The present is believed to be the second individual
that has been brought to Europe alive, a previous example,
obtained by Sir Edward 13elcher during one of his explor-
ing voyages, having lived for a few weeks in the society's
gar:lens in 1841.

SINGULAR LONGEVITY OF THE BRITISH PEERAGE.
—lt is not a little remarkable that the members of the
Peerage who have died since the year commenced, 24 in
number, have exactly completed, on the average, the full
measure of the allotted span of human life, the " three-
score years and ten." They are as follows :—Viscount Ar-
buthnett, 82; Lord Londesborough, 54; Viscount South-
well, 83 ; Viscount Gormanston, 84 ; Lord Orantnore, 72 ;
Bishop of Rochester, 84; Earl of Longford, 42; Baroness
*Stratheden. 63 ; Lord Fitzgerald, 60 ; Viscount Gnillamore,
27 ; Baroness Wentworth, 67 ; Earl of Strafford, 82; Lord
lleytesbury, 80 ; Archbishop of York, 71; Lord Sandys,
68 ; Lord Elphinstone, 53 ; Bishop of Worcester, 77 ; Earl
of Lauderdale, 76; Earl of Cawdor, 70 ; Lord Ffrench, 74 ;
Earl of Leven and Melville, 75; Duke of Richmond, 69;
Earl Manvors, 82; Earl of Dundonald, 85. Total of united
ages, 1,680 years, which, being divided by 24, gives exactly
70 years to each. This result, it is to be believed, could not
be shown among any other class of men in any rank of
life.

SMOKING ON TUE RAILWAY.—The directors of
the London and South-Western Railway, through their
Secretary, Mr. L. Crombie, have made an appeal to the
common-sense of the smoking public. They leave deter•
mined to stop the practice of smoking in carriages, in con-
sequence of the annoyance inflicted by those who disregard
the rules on the great majority of travellers, not only wile
smoking but also from the offensive state of the carriages
to those who enter them afterwards. The directors have

invited the co-operation of the passengers in discountenan-
cing the practice of smoking on the railway, and they trust
that those who, without due consideration for the conve-

nience of others, have violated the published regulations,
will in future abstain from a habit which so ranch inter-

urea yfith the general comfort,

LATEST NEWS.

(REUTER'S TELEGRAMS.)

TURIN, Nov, 22.

General Goyon is said to have declared that
he would not deliver the materiel belonging to
the Bourbon troops who had taken refuge in the
Roman States either to Francis IL or to King
Victor Emmanuel.

Negotiations are however being continued on
this subject.

TURIN, Nov. 21.

It is asserted that the rumours respecting a
loan to be shortly negotiated by the Sardinian
Government are completely false.
The clergy in the Neapolitan provinces have
paid homage to King Victor Emmanuel.

ROME, Nov. 21.

The Dowager Queen of Naples has arrived here
With the princess and the young children. They
have taken up their residence in the Quirinal.
The young Queen remains at Gaeta with the
princes.

The French are about to occupy Terracina.

PARIS, Nov. 21.

The Paris papers assert that the necessary
measures have been resolved upon by the direc-
tors of the Turkish Bank for buying up the
kaimes at Constantinople, and withdrawing them
from circulation.