The Sun.
London, England, 1856-06-10 00:00:00

PORTUGAL

LISBON, June s.—The Ministerial crisis made
public on Monday last took many people by sur-
prise. In the ordinary state of the House of Peers,
the Saldanha-Magalhaens Cabinet could have
counted upon a majority of four or five iu favour
of the different financial plans concocted by M.
Fontes in London and Paris; but just as the first
bills relating to a new loan and the quotation of Por-
tuguese bonds upon the Stock Exchange were being
sent up from the Lower House, the Government as-
certained that eight Peers from different provinces
and the Azores, who had not been in the house for
years, had been induced to come forward to oppose
the bills in question, and, many of them having
already arrived in Lisbon, the Ministers submitted
to the King the necessity of creating some new
Peers in order to pass their measures, to which
his Majesty declined to accede. The King took a
very prudent course in refusing the creation of
new Peers for bills which involve the necessity of
above 100,0001. of additional taxation,—at all
events, until the people have had an opportunity
of expressing their wishes in the new election of a
Chamber of Deputies, which would in any case
take place this year. It does not, however, appear
his Majesty had been equally prudent in previously
allowing it to be known that he would not in this
case create new Peers, since the assurance of that
fact in circulars addressed to absent Peers by
parties supposed to be in the King's confidence had
naturally a tendency to promote opposition and
cause those to come up to Lisbon to take their
seats in the house who had for years declined to
do so. The Ministerial crisis may be considered
virtually ended by the progress made yesterday for
the instalment of a new Cabinet under the Presi-
dency of M. Julio Gomes da Silva Sanches, who
is a safe man, and will be remembered in England
as the Minister of Finance who annulled the first
decree which had appropriated to the State two
decimal taxes out of the dividends payable in Lon-
don upon Portuguese bonds.

Letters from Milan state that the Austrian go-
vernment has resolved to erect the Lombarcto-
Venetian Provinces into a kingdom of Upper Italy,
and to place a prince of Italian birth—the Grand
Duke of Tuscany, who is also an Austrian Arch.
duke—on the throne. To this determination the
Cabinet of Austria is said to have been brought by
its anxiety to neutralise the growing popularity of
Piedmont.

AMERICA.

MR. CRAMPTON HAS BEEN DISMISSED.

The correspondent of the New York Herald, in
a telegraphic connhunication from Washington,
under date May 27, says :
"Mr. Crampton was dismissed to-day, as I stared in
my despatch last night he would be. The thing was so
quietly done that but few even believe it now.
" Mr. Crampten's despatch-carrier left this afternoon
with the answer of Mr. Marcy to Lord Clarendon,
which will go to Europe by to-morrow's steamer.
"Senator Mason, of Virginia, despatched the news
this afternoon to Cincinnati. Action with regard to
Crampton was promised before the delegates left here
for that city ; indeed, it was positively demanded by
the friends of President Pierce before they would agree
to make a move in his behalf. The message to C mgress
is expected to.-morrow, and the official announcement
will shortly be made public.
"The crowd of politicians still continues to increase.
It is understood here by the delegates to Cincinnati that
Pierce's present appointments were from expediency,
and that if nominated he will take care of his friends.
No further appointments are to be made until after the
convention. Delegates here say they will submit to no
outside pressure—it must be Buchanan, Pierce, or
Douglas.
" Colonel Orr is much better to-day. If able, he will
leave for Cincinnati on Friday, and will be president of
the Democratic Convention. President Pierce called
on him this evening.
" There was quite an exciting ecene in the Senate to-
day. It seems that Senator Sumner cornmttted a great
error-in stating the assault upon him, although under
oath. He says, when coining to consciousness, he saw
Senators Douglas and Toomb3, with Colonel Brooks be
tween them, and that Mr. Slidell was also near. Mr.
Slidell stated that be was with Judge Douglas; Gover.
nor Fitzpatrick, and Hon. Glancey'Jonee' in the recep-•
tion room,. when a page carne' in, saying Mr. Summer
was badly whipped, thus proving that neither Dougla,-,i,
nor himself'were present at the fight. Senator Wilson
pronounced the assault cowardly and outrageous, when
Senator Butler pronounced him a liar,' but retracted
the expression, in respect to the place where he was.
The whole affair of the assault has been magnified into
a matter of too much consequence. The Senate com-
mittee will re port that it being a personal difficulty
,between gentlemen the Senate should, not notice it.'
The house will aim to make capital out of it. Wilson
is courting a difficulty with Douglas, and declares hits
self always ready for a contest with any pro-slavery
senator. •

"Colonel Brooks sent a challenge to Senator Wilson
this evening by General Lane,. of Oregon, • • . •

"The niT)rnent Senator Butler heard of. the Brooks.
and Sumner affair he started for Washington, leaving a
sick daughter at home. What occurred iu the Senate
this morning is only an episode. Butler will answer
Sumner when the latter is in his seat, in language
severe but courteous to the Senato.

" AU bills granting lands to states,for railroad pur-
poses will pass this session."

The New York Herald publishes the following
leader in reference to the critical state of affairs be-
tween the two countries :
•

"The dismissal of Mr. Crampton and the British
consuls, in defiance of the elaborate and ingenious de-
fence of Lord Clarendon, and in view of the 'insettled
questions pending, upon the Gayton-Bulwer treaty, and
in connection with the recognition of the Walker-Rivas
government of Nicaragua, certainly complicates and
embarrasses our disputes with the London Cabinet.
"It will be remembered that this offensive proceeding
is to be addressed to Lord Palmerston, the most pun,-
tilious aristocrat in England, and it is warranted in the
fact that Mr. Crampton has violated the neutrality lass
of the United States. The inference from the act of dis-
missal is that the American Government and people aie
sensitively alive to the necessity of executing the neutra-
lity laws of the country. The recognition of the Walker
Government may not indicate a different state of the
case ; but there will, doubtless, go out to England with
the dismissal authentic reports from British agents in the
United States that the neutrality laws are being habitu-
ally violated in permitting' troops to be enlisted and sent
forward to aid General Walker against a government
with which we are at peace, and that government one
of the Central states of America.

" It is impossible, in this condition of affairs on this
side of the water, that the proceeding of our Cabinet
towards Mr. Crampton and his associates, who are sent
home as criminals in violating laws to execute which
towards other parties no effirt is made by the federal au-
thorities, will be not regarded otherwise than most
offensive by her Majesty's Government. It will be
looked upon as the settled purpose of the United States
to rigidly enforce our statutes towards England and
other European state?, and at the same time to Wan the
floodgates of population towards Central America. It
will be regarded as a defiance of England in every mat-
ter of dispute between the two Governments. A dis-
avowal of all unfriendly designs and of all intention to
disturb the peaceful relations subsisting between the two
Cabinets will be received as an aggravation of the offence;
and the prompt dismissal of Mr. Dallas and the suspen-
sion of diplomatic relations are likely to follow.
"The Pierce-Marcy cabinet in This whole affair has
been signallyoutwitted. When Mr. Crampton was actually
convicted of violation of our laws, his dismissal would
have been received by the London Cabinet as an assurance
of a rigid purpose only to enforce our laws
purpose that would have been hailed with satis-
faction by all the states of Europe. But Mr. Marc;
preferred first to obtain testimony sufficient to convict
the Minister, and then to demand his recall on the basis
of the exhibits he was able to lay before her Majesty's
Government. Lord Clarendon received Mr. Marcy's
despatch and testimony ; and adroitly disavowing any
intention to ♦iolate the laws, or infringe the sovereignty,
or to interfere with the policy of the United States in
reference to the enforcement of their neutral statute,
and obligations, proceeded to discredit Mr. Marcy's
evidence upon which the recall was demanded. It is
evident that by this course Lord Clarendon intended, in
the event of a dismissal of his agents, to place himself
rectus in curia before the states of Europe ; to prepare
himself, in that contingency, to demand the support of
the British people in any contest that might arise in
Parliament touching the propriety of the proceedings on
his part. Re will be able thus to submit to the House
of Commons a frank and manly apology to the Pierce
Marcy Cabinet, and a disavowal of any intention to
violate our laws.
"The effect of such proceedings will be found in
strengthening the Palmerston Administration. We
have given them the advantage, we have conferred upon
them the choice of position and weapons. We have
enabled them to fortify their position by friendly dis-
avowals and frank professions of friendship. These
were gratuities—what we gave them. We occupied the
'vantage ground ; we had the position of right, and
might have claimed an overwhelming support in Parlia-
ment. But these advantages have been bunglingly sur-
rendered. We have thus permitted Lord Clarendon to
array against us his earnest appeals for peace and inter-
national harMony, and they will have their weight with
members of the British Legislature.
"And what is to he the end of these fearful blunders ?
Do they betoken forbearance in Central America ? Will
they not be followed by menace in that direction on the
part of the British navy—by little border feuds, which
betoken indifference to the peace of the two countries--
by retaliation on our part, and perhaps by an open rup-
ture ?

"Are these impossible or improbable events of the
future ? And why are we thus driven to the verge of
war with the most powerful state in Europe ?
"If the dismissal of Mr. Crampton and his associates,
under the circumstance, is not followed by the dismissal
of Mr. DRUM, And by the hostile movement 9f tho Brig

tish West India and Central American sqriatiron, it will
be the first tinie that her Mijegy's Governagent haver
thus exhibited signs of f.,rbiara.iice. Indeed, theette
l
of Lord Clarenlon to Mr. Macy wits intended to cs.""r
..
and justify such proceeding=. The Palmerston Cabin
has outwitted us in fixing the ismo. The facts are with
us ; but these are actually made unavailable by the rago".
ner in which the issue has been precipitated upon Its.
" We have thus civil war in our own territories, and a
foreign war close upon us, through the blunders of a
blundering government. Four weeks more and our
commerce will be thrown into disrepute ; a pervading
suspicion of the near approach of war will have sei,zed-
the public mind, and sacrifice and disaster will follow
all the relations of business.
"Now let us contrast this almost inextricable imbrog-'
ho with the great fact which stares us all in the faces
that the people of England and the United States are
not only at peace, but they are friends, socially, politi-
cally, and by their highest interests. They have always
been united in promoting their mutual advantages
They are bound together by industrial ties, to sever
which would plunge both nations into ruin and death.
" But what are these facts in the view of such politi-
cal traders and adventurers as Lord Palmerston, and
Mr. Pierce, and Mr. Marcy ? The former is the veriest
trader in all Europe. His whole effort is to build up
Louis Napoleon in France ; to gain by combination the
centrol of the world. If our officers have been insulted
at the War-office of Napoleon, let us look to the chief of
the London Cabinet as the instigator. The enlistment
affair was originated to embroil us with England. It is
the policy of the two Cabinets—London and Washington
—to drive us into collision. England, united with
France, our seaboard could be and would be enclosed,
and our trade utterly ruined for the time being. And are
those such trifling natters that the people here and in
England—friends, brothers, united by a common origin,
interest, and sympathies—are willing to be driven to
war with each other ? The curse of the two countries is
to be found in their politicians."

APPLICATION OF THE MONROE DOCTRINE.
The following letters form part of a number recently
submitted to the public by President Pierce's Govern-
ment :

MR, MARCOLETA TO MR, MARCY.
[ rraw lation.]
Washington, Jan. 24, 1854.
The undersigned, Envoy Extraordinary and Minister
Plenipotentiary of the Republic of Nicaragua, has the
honour rrf enclosing the Hon. W. L. Marcy, Secretary
of State of the United States, a copy of the propositions
he has just made in the name of his Covernmeut to that

of her Britannic Majesty, for the definite and final set-

tlement of the matters relating to the port of San Juan
del Norte, the territory and coast of Mosquitos.
Tue undersigned, being convinced of the lively into•
rest which the Government of the Union feels to see

these questions (in which, thanks to its sympathy for
Nicaragua, it has takon so active and favourable a part)
at once terminated, has no doubt but that this project
will elicit the fullest approbation of the Hon. W. ',-
Marcy ; seeing that while it meets all exigencies and
protects the susceptibility of the parties interested, it
likewise does away wi!li every pretext for further delays,

and removes all cause 3 for future discord.
Oa the other side, the Government of Nicaragua, the
party principally interested in this matter, could net
continue any longer in a state of endless expectancy,
which, without any indication of the probability of a
happy issue, seriously compromise her dearest and most

_ .
vit-al interests. In contributing its proportion of sacri-
fices, it contributes to the re-establishment of good har-
inony between all parties, and secures at the same time
its political aod cmimercial relations with the great

powers.
As the intricate questions and discussions of which
Europe is now the theatre, and the eventuality of more
serious complications on the old continent, might per-
ato the desired result, the undersigned baS
the same time proposed to his lordship the Earl ef
Clarendon that he would b 3 pleased to authorise, if he
deems it proper, her Britannic Majesty's Minister Pleni-
potentiary in Washington to proceed, conjointly with
the undersigned, to negotiate and adjust a treaty upon
the bases herewith enclosed—bases which were agreed
upon at Managua in September, 1853, between his Ex-
cellency the General Supreme Director of Nicaragua and
the Hon. S. Borland, Minister Plenipotentiary of the
United States in Central America.
The undersigned, not doubting the approbation Wide
co-operation of the Hon. W. L. Marcy, Secretary et
State of the American Union, in this matter, avails him-
self of this new opportunity to renew the assurance of
his highest consideration. J. DD MARCOLETA.
The Hon. W. L. Marcy,
Secretary of State of the American Union.
(Traniatioa.)
Project, of settlement and ohject of the articles of
treaty . between Great Britain and the republic 01,
Nicarieta relative to the port of San Juan del Norte', ,
territory lead coast of Mosquitos, proposed. to. his
lordship the,Earl of Ciarndon by the rninieieiPie4i.
poteintiary of Nicaragua in the United States and is „Z,
GreAtiTrita:in; ,
The Mosquito Indians, and the other ifibes svu‘7.
, .
inhabit the territory of that name, shall'remain.fot over. , ,
inctirporated With, and perpetually united to, the teol-h
- • ,
.lie of Nicaragua.
2d: The territory and coast of Mosquitos shall form
for the future a department of the republic,
3d. The port of San Juan del Norte shall be replaced
under the authority and sovereignty of Nicaragua.
. .

4th. The same shall be declared a free port.
By way of compensation, Nicaragua engages—
let. To exercise a special protection over the Indians
to promote "their milral and material instruction, and not
to molestloOr trouble them on account of any act anterior
to the ratification of the treaty.
21. To pay to the Indians 4 per cent, on the net pro-
flue 3 of the cloties of import for the port of San Juan del
Niirte during,five years.
31.- award to the Niosquito chief an annual pen'
sion for life, in proportion to the salaries received by thP.‘
functionaries of the republic.
4th. To.recognise as legitimate the grants of Una
which have been followed by occupation made Since the
let of January, 1848, provided that said grants are no;
in opposition to those made by the Spanish Government,
by the confederacy of Central America, and by the Govern:
meat of Nicaragua, nor to the rights which the canal

company has enjoyed uetil now.
To those that have been made in localities a Thich the
Government of Nicaragua might want for war.shouses,
custom houses, barracks, arsenals, fortifications, light'
houses, and other public. edifices.
sth. Tnose grants will not he recognised which .hare
been made before or after the lst Jan,, 1848, for speottla-
tive and mercantile purposes, and the excessive ertel:
,ion of which leads to presume the existence of goer'
an object. J. D. MARCOLICTA•
Washington, Jan. 21, 1354.
MR. MARCY TO MR, MARCOLETA.
Department of State, 'Washington, Feb. 21, 1854.
Toe undersigned, Secretary of State of the Unite'::
States, has not been able to comply with the request'
contained in the note of the envoy extraordinary slid',
minister plenipotentiary of Nicaragua, of the 24“'
ultimo, to co-operate with that republic in the efforr
he is making to negotiate a treaty between it and Gres!
Britain, on the basis proposed by Mr. Marcoleta to Lot
s
Clarendon, her Britannic Majesty's Principal Secretor"
of State for Foreign Affairs. Mr. Marcoleta must he
fully aware that the United States deny that Great 131.1
tain ha,-1 any sovereign rights over any part of Contra
America. To treat with her in the way proposed, or tu,
co-operate in making such a treaty, would be a distinct
aekoowledginent that she has such rights. Such a treaty
would also interfere directly with the claims set 011
another of the central republics, Costa Rica; and ye`.l
little would be accomplished towards settling the quer
tions which are now di-torbing Nicaragua in regard tci
boundary and juri,diction, unless Costa Rica were *
party to it. The principal matters embraced in the
imojet of the treaty submitted to the undersigned by Mr'
Marcoleta relate to the conflicting claims and preteir
stone between that republic and Nicaragua ; and the".
could tent; certainly, be disposed of by an arrangemer°
with Great Britain, which has no sovereign rights what'
ever in Central America. It is true, the latter power
claims a right, as assumed protector of the Mosquito J-0"
dians, to see that they are fairly treated. To this (lei
she would feel authorised to lcok to any settlement 0
the pending questions between the two republics which
might affect the condition and well-being of this tribe ,
Indians ; but beyond that object her interference could
not be invoked without an implication that she had
rights which the United States, as well as Costa Rica
and Nicaragua, deny to her.
The negotiaim proposed by Mr. Marcoleta, in which
he solicits the co-operation of the United Slsteet
should be with Costa Rica, and not with Great Britalol
and with it Great Britain should not be invited to il3.
i
terpose any further than to yield her acquiescence n
any provisicn that may be made for the Mosquitos.
It is very questionable whether the United. States
,
should or would countenance her interposition eves vi
this extent, for they do not acknowledge that Clear
Britain has now or ever had a rightful protectorate oved
these Indians. Entertaining these views, the Unite
r
Sates cannot, as must be very evident to Mr. Silo,
eoleta, co-operate with Nicaragua in the proposed Dego,
Cation with Gloat Britain. At the same time it is Pr 0
per to say that the United States are anxious that 3,
the questions which are disturbing the friendly relatiq
between the Central American States should be amid'
ably adjusted, and they are ready to lend their good offi'
to bring about such a desirable result.
The undersigned avails himself of this occasion to red',
new to Mr. Marcoleta the assurances of his distinguish°
consideration. W. L. Malta'

Senor Don Jose de Marcoleta, &c.
York
Extract from letters rseeived per Asia, dated New
27th May, 1856.
Business generally is very dull. The rumour, vi--„,(1,.
we fear, will assume a reality before to-morrow, of PI,
Crampton, the British Minister, being tendered he
passports fr)rn Washington, has caused all classes t°,
ry reserved in entering into any operations lateqi
B it, as we all here hope, that the British Ministry wii
o
show more good sense in the matter in dipute betwet
the two countries than the Government a% Washing° g
has done, no doubt all collision between the two powertj
will be avoided, and business will resume its 115"
healthy tone.