The Sun.
London, England, 1856-09-22 00:00:00

TUSCANY AND PIEDMONT.

We are enabled to place before our readers the
following official despatch, which the Piedmontese
Government has addressed .to that of the Grand
Duke of Tuscany. Austrian influence at Florence
has for some time past inspired the Tuscan Govern-
ment with a marked hostility to that of Piedmont,
and a number of vexatious and petty insults have
been imposed on Sardinian subjects, to which M.
Cavour thus replies :

" TURIN, Sept. 5, 1856.
"Although the Tuscan Government has for some time
past accustomed his Majesty's Government to that dis•
play of scant courtesy, not to use stronger language,
which they exhibit towards those Piedmontese subjects
who visit the Grand Duchy, nevertheless, I admit that I
heard with surprise from your confidential despatches of
the date of the 2d inst. the abrupt expulsion from the
Tuscan territory of the director and the scholars of the
Commercial College of Genoa, who arrived at Florence,
having been allowed to disembark at Leghorn, and after
having presented their papers duly signed by the Grand
Ducal con-ent at Genoa. And my astonishmett was
increased by the uou'ual language held to you in this
affair by his Excellency Signor Baldasseroni, President
of the Council of the Ministry, who, instead of justifying
an act which cannot be qualified, addresses complaints
and reproaches as inopportune as ill•founc:ed, and which
the Government of the King considers it their duty
and their right to repudiate by all means within their
power. The Tuscan Government has the right of
refusing an entry into their State to any one who is not
their subject. The Tuscan Government may avail itself
of this right towards Sardinian subjects as frequently as
it chooses. Fur such acts his Majesty's Government
will not make vague complaints, and will willingly leave
tiaem to be judged by Europe. Bat what his Majes-
ty's Government complains of, and with reason, is that
Sardinian subjects provided with the proper permission
from the competent Tuscan authorities in the Sardinian
territory are either refused or turned out of the Grand
Duchy, without their having given a legitimate cause of
complaint by their conduct. Let the Tuscan Govern-
ment give its agents accredited to us those instructions
as it may deem to harmonise with its policy, but not rc•
pudiate them at every moment by sending out from the
frontier or interior—and thus doing manifest wrong to
their legitimate interests—those who went to Tuscany
relying on the assurance of the persons who act and
speak legally in the name of the Tuscan Government.
"The President of the Grand Ducal Government is
not satisfied with the voluntary subscription which is ac-
tually going on in the Sardinian States for the purpose of
making the present to his Majesty's Government of 100
cannons, intended for the fortifications of Alessandria.
We regret that a demonstration, whose object is to
testify and to increase the confidence that the Piedmontese
people putsin their Kingand in their Government, should
not meet with the sympathy of him who holds the first
place in the Council of a friendly State. We regret that
the spontaneous and universal co-operatiodof tire whole
people to secure one of the bulwarks of the independence
of Piedmont--and we may say also of Italy—should
provoke remarks which are not friendly from an Italian
Government. But not on that account can we grant to
the Tuscan, any /Doi e than to other Governments, the
right of demanding explanations relative to an act which
does not concern it, and which injures no one, least of
all Tuscany, who has nothing to do with the frontiers,
for the defence of which the fortifications of Alessandria
are destined.

"As for the subscription of the 10,000 musketry, you
have already made the opportune remark to the Presi-
dent of the Government of the Grand Duke, that his Ma-
jesty's Government has stopped that subscription, and
that legal proceedings nave been begun to act against the
promoters of it. But Chevalier Baldasseroni seems to
have manifested a fear that the steps taken by the Sardi-
nian Government were do mild, and that our laws are
inadequate to punish the authors of the offence with the
deserved penalty. We are of a different opinion. We
believe that our laws provide sufficiently for our internal
safety, as well as for our intern:l6.l.a' duties.
The Government of the King repels every interpreta-
tion which might lead to excite the belief that it disturbs
abroad, by direct and indirect means, that order and that
tranquillity which it has always known how to maintain
at home. It is not by the reasonable and temperate eye
of moderate liberty that disorders and insurrections are
produced. The history of Piedmont in these last years
sufficiently proves this.

" The Grand Ducal Government knows by experience
in how many circumstances Sardinia has assisted effica-
ciously in preventing disturbances at home and abroad ;
and it is certainly not at a moment when just emerging
from a bloody and costly war, undertaken for the defence
of order, that she can be accused of fomenting disturb-
ances in her neig!.•bourhood. The Government of the
King is well acquainted with the international duties
which bind it to the neighbouring States, and it scrupu-
lously fulfils them. But the Government of the King is
not disposed to sacrifice to the demands of others, found-
ed on exaggerated fears, those liberties which the citi-
zens of ite State enjoy.
"If I rightly understand your account of your conversa-
tion with the President of the Tuscan Cabinet, it would
appear that his excellency expressed himself as meaning
to hint to an appeal either to the Cabinets or to the public
opinion of Europe. I know not if, having well meditated
their case, the Cabinet of Florence still adheres to this in-
tention. 'Should such be the case, you will inform the Pre-
sident of the Tuscan Ministry that the Governmentof his
Majesty, strong in their rights, conscious of having loyally
fulfilled all their duties, and mindful of wrongs unre-
dressed—does not fear an examination of their acts,
which are usually done in broad day. You will inform
his Excellency that the opinion of the Cabinets and of
the people of Europe is a judge whose competency will
never be contrasted by the men who have the honour to
sit in the councils of the King of Sardinia.

..._ -
" I charge you to send this daspatch to his Excellency
Chevalier Baldasseroui, and to give him a copy thereof
if demanded.

(Signed) "C. CAYOUB.
"To Chevalier Gianotti,
Charge d'Affaires of Sardinia, Florence."

WYCHWOOD FOREST FAlR.—This delightful holiday
to thousands of the inhabitants of Oxfordshire and neigh-
bouring counties was held on Wednesday, on the beau-
tiful Newhill Plain. The company numbered upwards
of forty thousand, and included the Dowager Countess
of Macclesfield and family, the Earl and Countess of
A.blngdon, and lamily, tie Countess of Antrim, the
Dowager Lady Churchill and party, Lord Alfred
Churchill, Lord Dillon and family, the Hon. Spencer
and family, the President of Trinity College, Oxford ,
&c., &c. The fair was the largest ever known.