The Sun.
London, England, 1860-01-09 00:00:00

with all the world, save Spain ; and the reason
seems to be that the United States covet Cuba,
which the Spaniard*, will not give up to
them. In fact, if Spain were disposed to sell
Cuba for a fair price, as the President phrases
it, we of England, and perhaps he of France,
would not by any means consent to the
transfer of the Queen of the West to such
huckstering hands as those of the " United States."
By and bye we shall hear of a strange story, wherein
the now united will become a very disunited com-
pact of mercenary people.

Americans ara at least consistent. They inherited
slaves, they say, as a legacy from us ; but, like some
very conscientious legatees, they have used the
legacy with far more consistency than the former
possessor. Slaves were badly used enough, in all
conscience, as we too well know, before our planters
were compelled to accept the twenty millions ster-

ling, which went into the pockets of our GLAD-
sToNis and other English mortgagees, and left the
islands bankrupt of capital; still even the slaves
had legally some rights, and free persons of colour,
albeit as black as ebony, had the rights of all other
free subjects of the British Crown. Nor would
Englishmen easily perceive that there was any
inconsistency in this. If the man was a subject of
the Crown, if he paid the taxes the Crown was
authorised to levy on other subjects, if he was
amenable to the laws enforced in the name of the
Crown—it seemed consistent enough to treat the
man in all respects like white persons who were in
the same position.

These, however, were but the unenlightened
notions of an old country living under antiquated,
aristocratic, and monarchical institutions. Oar
more enlightened descendants in America adopted
two grand principles—one as the basis of a glori-
ous Rebellion, the other as the foundation of a
glorious Republic. They rebelled because " taxa-
tion without Representation was tyranny ;" they
founded a Republic because "all men are born free
and equal." These elevated political and social
principles they had to apply to the subjects
of the several States, and to the Union
as best they could. They began by acknowledging
that slaves were persons, that they were " persons
held to labour" according to thelaws of some states.
They were, therefore, to be sent back, if they ran
away, to the cartwhips, cowhides, and cat-o'-nine-
tails by which they were " held to labour." It was
discovered, however, when cotton grew more valu-
able, and the price of human flesh and blood rose
high, that slaves were not " persons," they were
but " things," "chattels," and fit to be advertised for
sale with cattle and sheep, pigs and pigs'-troughs.
Hence education was an absurdity for slaves, the
admission of their testimony equally so ; indeed,
the property of the master was as unconditioned in
his slave as in his house or land, or the balance at
his banker's. And Christian clergymen proclaimed
from the pulpit that all this was holy, just, and
good,—the perfection of human wisdom ; indeed,
far more than that, it was the will of GOD, the
doctrine of the Gospels, the fulfilment of that
glorious prophecy—"Cuss'd be Canaan !" When
CIIRIST or his apostles said" Bless and curse not," they
did not mean that we were to abstain from cursing
Africans, or, according to American theologists,
Canaanites, with the cultivation of cotton, for if
they were persons, cursed persons they were.
So it was settled in regard to blacks purchased,
given, or inherited. But this NN as not quite enough.
These blacks did not, at least in any very direct
form, pay taxes. They paid the sweat of their
brow to their masters ; they paid, or had stolen
from them, their liberty itself, but that was not the
payment of dollars into the national treasury, so
these untaxed ones could not complain of being
" taxed without Representation ;" and as to laws
made without their consent, why that was the case
with the million also in the mother country. The
difficulty now arose what to do with persons of
colour who had been manumitted, or had bought
their own freedom, or been born free. Some of the
States have made, so far as their own territories are
concernekvery short work of it. They have refused
to allow a man of colour to be a free man at all
within the limits of their precious sovereignty. His
master cannot manumit him. He cannot purchase
his freedom in the State in which he was born. if
before this law of perfect equality for negroes was
enacted, ho were free, he must migrate at once to
Canada or Liberia or to somewhere out of the State,
or he womid be sold with his wife and children, and
all that was his, and the money devoted to " pious
uses"—perhaps to building a vicarage house for the
clergymanwho preached oftenest and most eloquently ,
from that beautiful verse " Cuss'd be Canaan."
For some time various kind methods were devised
for helping free men of colour out of the land of
their birth. We believe that if a Canaanite became
a Jew among Jews and was circumcised, he was
thenceforth dealt with as a Jew—but nothing simi-
lar avails with American Christians. The unfortu-
nate man of colour may become a Christian and be
baptised, but he is a son of Canaan still, and as the
Bigelou papers tell us—

" John P.
, Robinson, he
Says, they didn't know everything down in Judee."
Whence American Divines, and Judges in the Su-
preme Court, by way of mending on the mistakes
of inspired Hebrews, declare that in no way can a
man with a trace of African blood in his veins be
put on a footing with the descendants of European
white men. The white blood may predominate so
much that an Englishman would take him for a
Yankee ; yet while, if the glove be taken of, a trace
of colour can be found at the nails, the man may
not be treated as a social equal, much less as a
Christian brother. No American Christian will
sit by his side in an omnibus or on a steamboat, or
even in the same pew, or the same part of the
church, to worship God !

This social " ignoring" had long been going on,'
but the final touch was given by the legal decision
" that a coloured man has no rights which a white
man is bound to respect !! " He cannot be an
American citizen ! The manners and education of

some persons, one of whose ancestors some genera-
tions back came from Africa, may be of the highest
character ; it may be the person is a lady, brought
up elegantly, and with every accomplishment, as a
planter's daughter, whose remote parentage none
of the uniniti7ted would for a moment suspect, but
even the " chivalry" which has always plumed it-
self on respect for the sex shows none for her ; her
innocence, her beauty, her charms all plead in vain.
Well for her if, though freed by her father's will,
or free-born, she be not seize], carried off, her
claims to citizenship sacrified for a few hundred
dcllars, and herself converted into the mistress of
freere =s
These equal.
\ brutal member of the Great Republic where all
arc born
n
by an owl. have been drawn from us
Ve—we can give it no other name—of
which the details appeared in The Sun of Friday,
under the heading, "Disabilities of American Per-
sons of Colour." There is no room for misrepre-
sentation here, as we have the fact from the lion.
Mr. DALLAS, and from the American Legation
itself. An American coloured lady, probably of
little colour, little different from that of many
Londoners, obtained a passport in the year 1858
from the Foreign-office in the United States, and

it bears the signature of Mr. LEWIS CASS, the
States' Secretary, himself. She wishes to travel
on the Continent, applies to the United States'
office in London for the necessary visa ; and, in
brief, is told by Mr. DALLAS that the " indispen-
sable qualification for an American passport—that
of United States' citizenship'—does not exist in
her case, and that he is compelled by instructions
received in 1856 to refuse it !" On his final refusal
the indignant lady reminds him that he has laid
down the rule that American free-born persons,
who have borne all the burdens of the State, who
have even contributed to the taxes out of which the
salaries of its Ministers are paid, are to be refused
the aid, when they need it, of those Ministers. If
is the face of tiffs really free country, an ambas-
sador of the United States can perpetrate so gross
a ()rime against all its sentiments, habits, and man-
ners, as well as against reason itself, we may well
sicken at the thought of the insults to which per-
sons of colour are liable in the great Slave
Republic.

FUNERAL OF LORD MACAULAY.

(THIS DAY.)

This afternoon, in Poet's Corner, Westminster
Abbey, there has been laid in the dust, with the
customary ceremonial, all that was mortal of one of
the greatest writers in the English language. The
solemnity of these funereal rites was in some slight
measure (at any rate in intention) worthy of Eng-
land and of her Historian. It has evidenced, at
least, in an affecting manner, the national
grief over this irreparable calamity the pre-
mature demise of the first and last Baron
Macaulay in the midst of his herculean labours in
building up a monument at once of our later annals
and of his own genius as one of the glories of our
literature.

The funeral took place at 1 o'clock precisely. The
cortege moved from Holly-lodge, Campden-hill,
Kensington; the residence of the deceased nobleman,
at 11 o'clock. The procession consisted of a hearse
and six horses, with three mourning coaches.
It had been proposed that the coronet should be
oarried before the hearse on a cushion ; but this
pieee of pageantry was set aside, in deference to the
known opinions of the deceased upon such matters.
The chief mourners were the Rev. J. Macaulay and
Mr. Macaulay, jun., Mr. C. L. Macaulay, and Mr.
George Trevelyan, who occupied the first carriage.
Mr. S. F. Ellis, Mr. E. Cropper, Mr. J. Cropper,
jun., and Mr. H. Holland occupied the second car-
riage. The other carriages were filled with the
principal domestics of the deceased.
Throughout the whole length of the High-
street of the " Old Court Suburb," as poor Leigh
Hunt loved to call Kensington, scarcely a single
tradesman failed to have the shutters up as a
mark of respect to the memory of the deceased
nobleman.

Thp procession having passed down Campden-
hill into Kensington, along the Kensington-road
through Knightsbridge, proceeded to Hyde
Park-corner, where it was joined by the car-
riages of the noblemen and others desirous of
paying their last mark of respect to the de-
ceased. The procession then continued down
Grosvenor-place along Birdcage-walk, through St.
James's Park, and by way of Great George-street to
the Abbey.
On arriving at the Abbey the body was received
by the pall bearers and numerous other literary
and political friends of Lord Macaulay, and the
coffin was carried up the nave to the choir in the
following order :

Bailiff of 'Westminster,
The Ahnsmen of the Abbey,
Sixteen Boys of the Choir,
The Sub- Dean,
Canons Repton, Jennings, and Cureton,
The Dean (Rev. T. Trench),
The following was the printed list of
The Pall Bearers :
The Lord Chancellor Lord John Russell
I Earl Shelburne Duke of Argyll

Earl Stanhope I Sir David Diindas
Sir Henry Holland, Bart. I The Dean of St. Paul's (Dr
I Alihnan).

But, among the number of those really bearing
the pall this morning, in the Abbey, we noticed the
Bishop of Oxford.

The service was read by the Rev. the Dean. As
the coffin was borne onwards to the choir the chori-
sters sung, " I am the Resurrection and the Life."
When arrived at the choir the Psalm " Lord, Thou
bast been our dwelling-place" was chanted, and the
Lesson appointed for such service read. The An
them was from Spohr's " Last Judgment," " Blessed
for ever are they that die trusting in God." This
portion of the service having been concluded, the
coffin
,was carried to the grave, the choir sing-
ing the anthem of Purcell, " Alan that is born of
woman." Handel's Funeral Anthem, composed for
one of the Georgian Queens, the words altered to
suit the occasion—

" His body is buried in peace,
" But his name liveth fur evermore."

" The Dead March in Saul" was also performed by
Dr. Turk on the organ during the ceremony.
The outer coffin was formed of polished elm, and
enclosed a leaden coffin and shell. The lid was
divided into three compartments ; the upper one
contained, on an engraved plate, the arms of the
deceased peer. The shield bore two arrows and
two buckles, and had two pelicans as supporters.
The crest was a boot with a spur, surmounted with
the usual coronet. The motto of the coat of arms
was " Duke Periculum." The second compartment
contained the following inscription :

The Right Honourable
Thomas Babington
Macaulay,
Baron Macaulay of Rothwell,
Born 25th Oct.,
1800.
Died 28th Dec.,
1859.

Conspicuous among those in attendance at this
solemn ceremonial, who evidenced the most deep
emotion throughout, was the Lord-Lieutenant of
Ireland (the Earl of Carlisle) : his excellency
being frequently moved to tears. Scattered
among the crowd of known and unkown, illustrious
and obscure huddled together in Poet's Corner, were
recognisable many familiar forms and faces those
of distinguished men from both Houses of Parlia-
ment, statesmen and diplomatists, orators and men
of letters, artists, warriors, critics, and men of the
most varied reputation. Yonder was Mr. Glad-
stone, there Lord Stanley—there towered above the
heads of all about him the stalwart form of " Jacob
Omnium"—there, almost as lofty in stature, one of
the master novelists of our age Mr. Thackeray.
Sprinkled among the concourse here and there
were observable several ladies, oddly, incon-
gruously (scarcely decorously) in the gayest colours,
flaunting in red, blue, and yellow, with "all their
trumpery." Indeed, on our way down to the Abbey,
along the road traversed by the funeral processiin,
we noticed at the corner of Grosvenor-place, a
very stylish open phreton drawn up by the kerb,
in readiness for the sight—the fair occupant of the
carriage displaying in her apparel almost as many
colours as there might be found in the pattern of a
kaleidoscope:

Upwards of three thousand applications, we be-
lieve, had been made for cards of admission to the
Abbey, but the space in Poet's Corner being so very
restricted,it was found advisable to issue merely a
little over one thousand—Mr. C. Buxton, M.P., being
thus constrained by necessity to make a selection
from among the throng of applicants.
Bcsi&s the eight distinguished pall-bearers,
comprising among them a Prime Minister (the now
Foreign Secretary, Lord John Russell) and a Lord
Chancellor (the present occupant of the woolsack,
Lord Campbell)—there were present to-day among
those grouped around the grave of Lord Macaulay—
Lord Palmerston, the Earl of Carlisle, Lord Stanley,
the Chancellor of the Exchequer, Sir G. C. Lewis,
Sir C. Wood, Sir George Grey, the Duke of Argyll,
Lord Berners, the Duke of Newcastle, the Marquis
of Lansdowne, the Chief Baron Pollock, Mr.
Justice Willes, Mr. Justice Crompton, Earl
of Shaftesbury, Lord Glenelg, Lord Mont-
eagle, Lord Belper, Lord Brougham, Lord
Cranworth, the Speaker of the House of Com-
mons, Right Hon. E. Cardwell 111. P., Right Hon.
Charles Villiers, Beresford Hope, M.P., Mr. Rich,
M.P., Mr. J. Mills, M.P., Sir H. Douglas, M.P.,