The Sun.
London, England, 1869-06-18 00:00:00

THE AMERICAN PRESS.

The correspondent of the Boston Post writes :
" For some time past a great political pressure has
been brought to bear upon the head of one of the
Treasury Bureaus to procure the removal of a clerk
who has been over twenty years in the office, and
who has become very valuable to the Government
by reason of his long experience. The officer was
very reluctant to part with the clerk, and in his
dilemma be called on the President and laid the
matter before him. The President replied that when
a clerk bad served the Government faithfully for
many years, and was still competent and necessary
to the service, he should be regarded as having lost
all political identity. Such men had spent the best
years of their lives in the Government service, and
should be entitled to as much consideration as an
old and faithful army or navy officer. The Presi-.
dent added that he hoped all the heads of Depart-
ments and Bureaus, in making up their lists for
removal, would omit searching the records of past
years for the political antecedents of old and valu-
able clerks."

The Canada Scotsman writes of annexation and
independence in a strain far from complimentary to
the United States, where it asserts the people have
gone back to the Middle Ages and China for their
commercial policy, and to King Saul and Augustus
for their system of government. The Imperialist
movement it considers a sign of wide-spread dis-
content and apprehension, and it would not sur-
prise our Montreal contemporary to see Royalty
eventually established with its neighbours, but only
after a few more revolutions and rebellions, of
which the last secession attempt was, it fears, only
the forerunner. The Scotsman compares the an-
nexationists of the Dominion with the Imperial sect
in the United States :
" We consider the annexation cry in Nova Scotia to be a
mere ebullition of anger, really directed against Confede-
don, and which finds a vent in that direction, as a matter
of course; but the feeling can have no strong roots in the
hearts of a people so long and devotedly attached to the
British Empire as the Nova Scotians have been. In this
more western portion of the Dominion the annexation sen-
timent is chiefly confined to a small band of traders, who
are few in number, and almost wholly without political
influence or power, as proved in 1849, when the move-
ment assumed a far more threatening aspect, though less
in reality than appearance. Take the city of Montreal as
an instance of the actual state of the case, Montreal being
regarded as the annexation head-quarters. Why, of the
there wards the merchants can control only ono, the
centre ward, and oven there the annexationists are a
small minority, while throughout the country the city
traders generally are viewed with jealousy and dislike, as
a class who are always ready to prefer their own interests
to those of the community. We do not say that they de-
serve to be so considered, but it is true nevertheless that
they are. Politically they have no hold on public confi-
dence or sympathy, and are practically of little more weight
than the Caughnawaga ludiaus."

It disputes tho benefit to be derived; as the United
States produce all that Canada can produce, as
good, and in greater profusion, except perhaps
lumber and fish ; therefore what is offered is a
sending of coals to Newcastle. " A war with the
United States would be a truly serious matter to
the North American Provinces ; but, notwithstand-
ing present appearances, and the blatant outpour-
ings of Mr. Senator Sumner, our faith is strong
that there is less danger of hostilities between Eng-
land and the United States than between any two
countries in the world." After discussing the re-
sults of a war between two such countries, it adds—
" Another consideration bearing on this point is
that the Americans will never be guilty of the egre-
gious folly of forcing British North into the Union
by violence, and against- the evident wishes of its
inhabitants, a point upon which there can be no
doubt as respects an overwhelming majority of all
the provinces." Having thus shown that there is
nothing to gain and nothing to fear, it proceed 3 to
indicate what there is to lose
" And now let us see what price we would have to pay
for annexation. We only give some of the items in the
account. In the first place, evs-ry farm and building in
the country would be mortgaged for the payment of 2,500
millions of dollars and interest, constituting the national
debt of the United States. Secondly, we world have to
pay double or treble the present prices in the Dominion
fur every article of English and foreign manufacture or
growth required to clothe or, feed us, or for any other pur-
pose. . Thirdly, we would have to submit to direct taxa-
tion, the extent of which we may guess, from the fact that
the taxation of the State of New York. amounts to $l9
head, including men, women, and children. One-tiftlt
the amount, or ten dollars per lead, 'would, in a very shoat
irtio; ruin the mass of our rural. population, in the Pro-
vince of Quebec. especially ; and change-the exodus, so
much spoken of, into a hegira or general flight. Fourthly
we should be forced to sacrifice free trade, and adopt the
most stringent tystetn of protection, or rather monopoly,
known to any age, thereby restricting our comm-rcial in-
tercourso with all 'other countries, England inAuded.
Fifthly, it would stop emigration from the. British Isles
and.Euro,oe, as the class of emigrants who settle here
would bi pauperized at the very outset by the heaVy tixa-
tion and cost. of living. Sixthly, in the evert of a war
betwer.n the United States and-England, We would have
to tight, kill, and plunder our English, Irish, and Scotch
brethren. We could add largely.to this list of annexation
blessings, did time and space permit."

Finally, it considers independence unnecessary, a
mere subterfuge, simply annexation. in - disguise.
We would like the Canada Scotsman to answer
these simple questions ; facts worth reams of argu-
ment—How is it that emigrants, with both cow--
tries open, avoid the blessings conferred by Canada
and select the evils of the United States ?—ls it out
of pure " cussedness" that 80 per cent. of those who
do taste of the Canadian blessing; cross the frontier
into the Republic? and will our contemporary ex-
plain why, if these people find it for their interest
to saddle themselves with the huge National Debt,
that the case should be reversed with the Canadians
themselves ? The only way by which the obvious
contradiction can be reconciled is on the supposition
that Canada has inferior natural advantages ; but
we know this is not the case, as many parts of
Canada are equal to any in the States.

WHAT NEXT ?—Monsieur Chevalier, whose feats
at Paris in 1864, in his balloon Le Geant, will be remem -
bared, proposes, about the middle of next month, to cross
the Atlantic from New York to Paris. The balloon for
this undertaking, called L'Esperance, is nearly completed,
and U. Chevalier is confident that it will be able to carry
him for a month, should circumstances require it. Tw.;
difficulties for so long a voyage hid to be overcome—first,
to maintain the buoyancy of the balloon ; next, to keep a
direct course. The first M. Chevalier hopes to meet by a
contrivance of his own. In an ordinary balloon every
rise beyond the usual altitude causes a loss of gas and
ballast, If every_ time L'Esperance rose 3,000 feet
it were to lose one-tenth of its contents, equal to 961bs.
sustaining power, the balloon would sink into the sea in
two days. To obviate this danger the Professor has in-
troduced his own invention, the " compensator" balloon,
which is attached to the lower part of the great balloon.
but is not inflated ou the earth, and is therefore ready to
.receive the gas resulting from expansion at a high eleva-
tion. Across the hoop to which is fastened the netting
that covers the balloon he has extended a windlass, made
of a hollow cylinder; a rope of great strength and length
is attached to and wound upon the windlass. At the end
of this rope are fastened a number of waterproof bags, whose
mouths are kept open by small rings. Between these bags are
several conical floats, intended to support the rope when it
reaches the, sea by the depression of the balloon. As the
balloon descends the lower portion of the rope will be
gradually deposited on the surface of the sea, relieving
the balloon of its weight until a sufficient quantity has
been thus disposed of to stop its further fall. in heavy
showers not less than from 200 to 3001bs would be added
to the weight by the saturation of the ropes, &e., and if
no sun dried up the moisture the balloon must descend to
the sea. As sod]; however, as therrope begins to trail on
the water the balloon ceases to fall, and continues an un-
varying altitude, till when the moisture is dried up it again
ascends. The rope also checks a too groat and rapid
ascent and consequent loss of gas. The water bags on
the rope have filled as they trailed along, and the in-
creased weight keeps the balloon from too groat a flight.
Thus, by the arrangement of the rope, the ballast is dimi-
nished and increased at will ; in fact, adjusts the differ-
ences without reference to the aeronaut. The next es-
sential point was to keep a direct course. It appears that
during M. Chevalier's repeated ascents he has observed
that at an altitude between 3,000 and 10,000 feet the wind
is invariably from west, or rather from north-west, no
matter from what quarter it may be nearer the earth.
This circumstance he claims as a discovery of his own,
and it is principally to establish its truth that he
..
Laud
under-
takes this voyage. The start will take place from .
mann's Park, Now York, and already hundreds of appitca-
tions have been made to accompany him.
A lei
from the car of the balloon to be ready if required.
n.e
b sen sd raftpe
been presented to L'Esperance, which will
balloon is 95 feet high, 65 in diameter, with
aa buoyancy.
sufficient to sustain eight tons —Anglo-Anze • es.
LUXURIANT AND BEAUTIFUL H i‘ inz
AIR. Ins. S. A.
to tR:
youthful
f unevercoloftairilsantod
gilivrseFßtnagadtSpoeTpc°l;il icsalor: It stops the Hair from
beautiful 3 gloss and do
qAulizetrily'srWestoon,LenG'Srlleymoirt
ligtreabutitaiy, afrandgranwitheethise
orotenagl:uxrt removes growthovo all
titalling es afr.thiet tipraievrentotsgrbaolvrdnethisCk.itanprdomst
dandruff. It contains Sold
tg her
mollosnot rcuaiclye.,2tlfullaargreeßrolurattleesrs-
Price Six Shillings.
Dept 260, iligh,_llolhonk

..i. -. L.C,..,.'

CORNELL UNIVERSITY.

Among the names of the trustees and faculty 01
this institution are the Hon. Ezra Cornell, Governer
Hoffman, Senator Morgan, Horace Greeley, the
Hon. Erasmus Brooks, the Hon. William Kelly, the
Hon. John M. Parker, and others. The faculty
contains the names of President Andrew D. white,
Professors Wilson, Goldwin Smith, E. W. Evau,sl
W. C. Russell, E. W. Blake, G. C. Caldwell, 13.'
Wilder, J. 11. Whittlesey, L. 11. Mitchell, W. Fiske'
W. C. Cleaveland, C. P. Hart, A. S. Wheeler, A'
N. Prentiss, 11. B. Sprague, and J. L. Morris, he.
side a number of assistant professors. These include,
all the rtsideut faculty, while among non-reside,'
professors and lecturers are Louis Agassiz, the ll°
John S. Gould, Professor James Hall,:efames Ntls"
sell Lowell, George W. Curtis, and Theodore li'
Dwight. There ere eight professorships still an-
filled, including the chairs of Political Econer*
American II story, Physical Geography, Architre
ture, and the Science of Language. There are. 38°
students in the University, divided as follows:7'.
In the Division of Science, Letters, and
Arts 10
,
Geeeral, 251; in the Division of Special Arts a°
Sciences, Depar:ment of Apiculture, ace , 53f;
Department of Mtchenic Arts, 30 ; Department e
Civil Engineering, 50 ; Department of Cheinis'rY,
&a., 24; Dep irttnent of Natural History, 20; Dc.
partment of Military Science, &c., 2 ; total, 159,i
The first term of 1869-70 will begin Sept. 01 311
last 14 weeks ; the second term will begin Jannar,p.
6,l
5, and continue 12 weeks ; the third term
lasting the same time, and ending June 30, than
making in all 38 weeks. The conditions of adulis"
sion are that the candidate must be 15 years of age;
possessed of good health and moral character, O'
able to pass a satisfactory examination in Etoie
grammar, geography, arithmetic, algebra, six boy
t
of geometry, and the introductory parts of Latin and
Greek. An acquaintance with some good e1e13127
tary treatise on physiology is also reconsuneede
and will probably be required as a condition of 3d:
mission after the present year. There are Orel
general courses of study—the scientific, elas3il'
and combined, in which modern languages arc e`%;
stituted for Greek—extending through four Yejrin;
and two special courses are also allowed--ene
voted to agriculture, natural history, chemistry'
history, &c., and the other to analytic inenb3niv-
and the mechanic arts, and extending through
tee-
years. The degrees of Bachelor of Acts,
rite
sophy, and Science will be conferred on gra-g3ee.s
in the three general courses, and appropriat eats.
grees will be conferred in the special departe) if
It is optional with students to select a speeiallytYto
they so wish, and to devote themselves entire - ag
it. The arrangement of the courses of stud/ b
or
been made upon the basis of three recitationstbei
lectures a day ; but enterprising students, if the
find themselves able to do more work than d to
throe exercises announced, will be allcisce,
take any number that they can satisfae°
tra
prosecute, and thus accomplish, by way of eltthe
studies, more than is contained in any one °„,f d for
four year courses, within the four years allffsv- dies
the completion of the course. The course of stab,‘
will give due attention to modern languages'
tory, political and social science, human soaro
physiology, and hygienic, natural and
19tea
lie
science, and commercial knowledge. The 1;e:--nr
of North-European languages also will g`' eoid-
structionto Voluntary classes in Icelandic a
.se,
Northern, Swedish, Danish, and
.Moes-Gothie,
companied by lectures on the history, struct„ties,
and relations of the Germanic group of WIWI;
anie
The Departments of Agriculture, and the Aleciticet
Arts are now organized, and combine theore.,de
with practical instruction. Military exercise is ;11
ol,ligatory upon all students, but instruction d'e,
military science is left optional. It is expreselYciee.
sired to have perfect liberty of choice in the 5
iry
tion of studies, and not to estimate too highly the
single course. Mr. Cornell expressed plainly
cud
University theory when he said, ti I would ueo,
an institution where any person can find insthroat
tion in any study." The library has now 3u
2t.7000 volumes, including the Anthon, 130j0
and Goldwin Smith collections, and the ients
e
licationA of the Royal Coumaidstoners of race
in Great Britain. It is expected to ,io
the Cornell Public Library with this, w`,01..
will make an addition of several thousand % 3,,
nines. Several large and well equipped lab°,frh,,
tories are ready, besides a valuable in
anaual expenses, including tuition, board, S=3"
„, iu
amount to less than pm). A number of prize'
money are offered to aid meritorious studel:otts;
amounting altogether to $1,350. Over 60 stu boar
have enrolled themselves in the voluntary la
yho
carps, but, excepting in the case of those art
already very skilled labourers, the system hl•
ly
stit
proved successful. It is difficult to carry 03 dthe
while undertaking one's own support, a.nat for
amount that can be earned is hardly
subsistence without the addition of other res
be in,
S ,me simple remunerative manufacture may
deo—,
troduced, which will aid in supporting stu
rc,
• do n°`
but at present the University authorities
cutircif
commend any young man to come relying ,ere feet
on unskilled manual labour for support. d i-
have that peculiar combination of mental asap t
entirely
sical strength required thus to enti
themselves ; the great majority have not.
sofficteources,

(From the Cornell Era.)
"Since the original endowment of our i • tion
nstitil ,
it has received no such munificentthat
giftfaistin-
which has just been bestowed upon it by
guished citizen of Ithaca. John AlGravy, s.'l,:
largelYll)er
to whom the University was already
debted for many valuable services, and to a ree,n3.o,o'
of whose family we owe ele melodious Cul e;',
which play so prominent a p trt in our &Of °jot'
cises, has given the sum of $50,000 for the erect ,
id have
of a library building. No benefaction coo, uts,
been more welcome either to professors ors here
and the friends of higher education every"
will rejoice with us that our valuable and r`ll3lol
increasing collection of books is to be so 800,111 that
so appropriately housed. It has been decideuiroi,
the new structure shall stand between the tw° Ilan
vbersity buildings, and that one of its features 506
s,ie, at lofty and massive tower to contaitl _.
it forthwith.
Graw Chimes. Work will be commenced ulltub;
Board of Trustees. His invaluable gift Place!
to
name next to that of the Founder on the list Gloms
Mr• il'Graw is a member °f bi 3
University's early and generouspromoters." Ge
girl
. Curtis and James Russell Lowell are to be
Wcc b t
a course of lectures in a few weeks, and it is the,%,,
that the announcement will draw visitors to
Itul 0
that they may share with the students the plessa'
of hearing them.
--.............

f oreign eacaet

MAILS DUE. June .9
astral's. and Now Zealand, via BOuthamptoa..... ,A
, +., .
Ditto, via elrseilles ... ......... Jill'
.July 4
•razil. Buenos Ayres, and Monte Video ......... 97
Ditto, by /crew% packet
,;ape Yards. by Brazil packet . ........ ... ..... Jab' 0.
..:aapnel of Good LL,pe. Ascension. and St. Helena— • Jun: v.
and Singapore, via Bourhatuptoo—,Jwa„o i 9
ibrift:ltaenaug.
r, via Southampton ........ • 4u" e 9
I adia. via Southampton .......... ..
..
• • Jup-
...... ••• • —.4.... .... • • June 21
unto, via Marseil es
s.l.2.ita, 4f. yp t, &a.
..
...... • ... •••• • • . • :-..... JOS 14
Ditto. Marseilles .. •
..
..
.. • ........... ja 019
..... :_:...
........:: ......„..--

BIRTHS. „„ vhaln+
GurSSELL—On the 16th lust , at The Priory', juje.e of aSurrey, the wife of Henry P. Grissell, X•Eql
daughter. the
Sodaughter.
Lunnocx . —On the 17th inst , at Goriugos, ICent,
of Henry J. Lubbock, Esq., of a daughter.
_o rßn oot.}ll LaTrodN ylI 1 MARRIAGES. viral'ol
GRAHAM —HARDY—On the 15th inst•, at St• son
ci
the late 'Arm. Graham, Esq., of Tatnrawer, Stirliegsuop.
henry John Lowndes, younges '-i;ire,
G ri i Knightsbridge,s
EaEtNh
to Ruth Elizabeth, eldest daughter of the mgv
Ronan Greene, R
—sq., C.E., Park,. Middlesex, tobucPl
youngest daughtt!r of the late Richard Boulton, Esq, 0
Bradley Green, Worcestershire.
ICif the 16th inst , at Stourbridge,
,11:
DEATLIS.
CATHERWOOD —On the 16th inst., rat 34, Arundel-F(lll're'
Barnsbury, Edmund Catherwood, Esq, aged 67.
of the
HOPE—On the 16th inst., Robert Hope, Esq., late
firm of Swan and Edgar, aged 73.
HOOPER - On the 15th inst., at Sydenhara, John trooper,
Esq., aged 61.
-"""

London; Printed and Published by WILLIAM ANDRE‘II'
of No. 112, strand, Printer, at Tan Sus Office, N 0.112, Strasl4,
in the Precinct of the Savoy, ill 010 Vounly of Atiddleg4l--.
_Friday, Juno 18, 1569.