The Sun.
London, England, 1860-11-09 00:00:00

COURT OF EXCHEQUER.

On the arrival of the Lord Mayor at Westminster
Hall, his lordship at one proceeded to the Court of
Exchequer.
The civic party took a standing position in front
of the bench reserved for Queen's Counsel.
The Recorder, in addressing the Court,saidf—MY
Lord Chief Baron, I have the honour to introduce
to your lordship and this Court, the Right Hon.
William Cubitt, elected by the citizens of London
to fill the office of Lord Mayor for the ensuing
year. The gracious approval of her Majesty has
ratified the choice of the citizens. The learned
gentleman then proceeded to give a short history of
the career of the new Lord Mayor. He remarked
that Mr. Alderman Cubitt for many years had
carried on a large bußiness, all his dealings WA

been characterised by honour and in tegri ty, and
he was happy, to add hsd been crowned by suc-
cess. Mr. Cubitt was born at Buxton, near
Coltishall, Norfolk, and in early life served
about four years in the royal navy. In 1810, being
then 19 years of age, he turned his attention to com-
mercial matters and entered the building trade.
which he had carried on up to within the last few
years, and in which he had realised an ample for-

tune in connection' with his brGthers. The house
of Cubitt was now one of the most eminent in the
country. After 40 years of successful application
to business Mr. Cubitt in 1851 retired, and devoted

his time and attention to the service of the public
in other ways. In 1847, while still in business, he

was elected by his fellow-citizens to the shrievalty
in conjunction with Mr. Charles Hill, and at about

the same period the electors of Andover returned
him as their representative in the Commons House
of Parliament—an honour which he enjoyed at the
present time. He added that Alderman Cubitt
was held in the highest possible esteem by his fol-
low-citizens.

The Lord Chief Baron said—My Lord Mayor, I
beg to congratulate you on having attained that
honour, which the learned Recorder has expatiated
on in his address to the Court. You appear here
as the first magistrate of the greatest city in the
empire. You appear here to claim certain rights
which belong to the great city of which you are
the Chief Magistrate, and the ceremony which takes
place on this occasion is not to be considered as a
mere idle pageant, for, in reality, it is to re-
tain on your part those privileges which have
existed froth time immemorial. I rejoice to
hear the account the Recorder has given of your
life and success, and doubt not that during your
mayoralty you will continue to deserve the good
opinion of your fellow citizens. To you, the late
Lord Mayor, I beg to offer my congratulations, and
you retire, having undoubtedly will discharged
your important duties, into comparative private
life. You have, during your year of office,
displayed everything that could belong to
a private citizen and upright magistrate.
I feel assured that, in retiring into comparative
privacy, the discharge of those public duties that
remain to you will occupy the whole of your at-
tention, and you will continue to deserve the
approbation, and to meet with that sympathy, in
the discharge of them, which you have hitherto
experienced.
The Right Hon. the Lord Mayor bowed his
acknowledgments.
The Lord Mayor was then sworn in. The late
Lord Mayor was also sworn to render under her
Majesty a full account of the receiptlon account of
the Crown during his mayoralty, and to behave
himself properly, according to the old style of oath,
whilst he did so.
The other formalities-having been gone through,
the Lord Mayor, :the late Lord Mayor, the Tim-
corder, and the officers of the City withdrew,
and, passing through the other courts, his Lord-
ship, through the Recorder, invited the Judges to
the banquet.
The procession then returned to the City in the
same order in which it arrived at 'Westminster.

711 R BISHOP OF OXFORD ON CHURCB

RATES.

On Wednesday, the Bishop of Oxford met his
clergy at Woodstock, and delivered to them his
triennial charge. On the subject of Church rates,
he said that in one respect a great change had
passed over the question since he last addressed
them. Then the plea for abolition was that the
Dissenters from the Established Church ought to
be set free from an impoit which unrighteously
vexed their consciences. The plea was one which
it was very difficult to maintain against argument,
but it was one which appealed to English gene-
rosity, and was certain to be readily admitted. But
this plea had now been abandoned, and in its place
was put' the open allegation that the existence
of an Established Church was injurious to
the realm, and that Church rates must
be attacked because , they formed the first and
most assailable outpost of the Established Church.
The effect upon Parliament and the country in dis-
posing of this altered plea might be seen in the
altered numbers in the recent division. Indeed,
the change had been so great as to justify him in
asserting that the country had not yet fairly spoken
concerning the maintenance of the principle in
volved in a church rate. Under such circumstances
they (the clergy) believed that the question con-
cerned pre-eminently the lay members of the
Church, and upon the whole the best way in which
the great principle of an Established Church could
be maintained was that which was involved in the
present system of church rates. They should be
well contented to do nothing more than express
their desire that Parliament and the country might
not abandon this declaration of the national faith,
and wait patientlywithout themselves proposing any
scheme for alteration or any declaration of
their mind upon the matter, lest they should
seek to precipitate, by a doubtful solution, the
settlement of so great a question. He would now
call the attention of his clergy to a most momen-
tous question—the threatened alteration in the law
of marriage. The moral effects upon the nation
of an alteration in the law of divorce had justified
and threatened to justify more absolutely the
warnings of those who opposed the change. But
more serious dangers to our domestic purity would
be caused by an alteration of the law which would
sanction unions which' the Church of England
had always declared to be contrery to the law
of God and incestuous, and in which declaration
she had followed the decisions of the whole Ca-
tholic Church from the beginning. Having re-
viewed the arguments on the subject, his Lordship
said that shoud the State acknowledge the mar-
riage of a person with a deceased wife's sister to
be legal, the law of the State and the law of the
Church must necessarily be at variance. The
threatened revision of the Book of Common Prayer
had been resisted not only by himself, but by every
one of his right rev. brethren who had in his place
in Parliament spoken on the subject. It was urged
that the general tendency of all human productions
in the course of time was to require revision and
correction, and this was strengthened by the decla-
ration of many sound churchmen that the Liturgy
might be amended, and certain specific amend-
ments had been pointed out. But then arose a new
set of conditions—the fit time for the alteration, the
fit bands for making the alteration, the model after`
which the change should be fashioned, the amount
of good that would be effected as set against
the evil that might be caused. All these points
must be settled before any step could be taken
in the way of alteration. Behind the modern re-
visionists who desired to render matters less
obscure, and to provide briefer offices, were
men who had other objects and far different
claims—and who would effect such a cleansieq
of the book of Common Prayer as would cleanse out
fromo
their the ministry of the church all -.ho differed
their own views of the ti tali. The success of any
such attempt on the Prayer Book would unques-
tionably u
lead to a disruption which wouldt
borest resispt
our national church. It was their
innocent alterations, because the
change would far outweigh any small duty
innocent advantages
rdisks ding
y
atten
were signs of
that might accrue from it. There
were
ths
e,
abredc because se
declarethey
smpiencuiralddiffaenrgeeureesslu,ffiacuidenutunatobainnedutc:gtehthemer in ddreofepuaelel
w aasl
itehde
itself
uetlyf
of the faith delivered to thevcseari
lived in a time when persons
scrip misconception,
taure
that the miracles narrated in were parts of
that beliefin the atonement
honichhtad
criticism to unveil
criaand dia.
of remorseless
a system of naturalism
cover, that the
to the affections to produce a belief in
them, and that they might be simply brought
down to a rational
naturalism by such
expressions as this, which the right rev. Bishop
c .he es i ion of tassaere of th
quote - 0
Red Sea is the lad titudept of poet She p!' When the his-
e
tory of the Bible had been explained away by
treating it as a legend, when it was attempted to
deprive it of its supernatural character by turning
it ;Alto a history of past events, when they were
' taught that men might sign the articles of the
church, although in their own opinion they differed
from them, surely it was time for all true church-
men to unite together in defence of Holy Scrip-
ture as the only inspired revelation—to lay aside
even all suspicions of divisions in small matters.
Whilst they disputed about the lesser matters of
the law, they might be robbed unawares of the
true foundation.of their faith.

MARRIMIE OF SIR JOHN BOWRlNG.—Yesterday
morning Sir John Bowring was married, at the Unitarian
Chapel, Bristol, to Miss Deborah Castle, daughter of the
late Mr. Michael Hinton Castle, of that city. The cere-
mony was performed by the Rev. B. Apsland, of Hackney,
assisted by the Rev. W. James, of Bristol. The chapel was
crowded, out t Q ocCAVit

The sanitary Condition and Lisa/dine of Indian
Jails. By Joseph Ewart, M.D. Smith and
Eider.

Part of the following observations on the condi-
'ion of the Jails of India, have appeared in the
ndian Lancet, but Dr. E wart has revised and
-xtended his former productions before prtsenting
them to the public in their present comprehensive
form. He has devoted considerable attention to the
•,übject of sanitary reform, and in the work before us
he endeavours to point out that the excessive mor-
tality in the prisons in India arises from many
obvious causes. He shows statistically that those
convicts who are condemned to hard labour on
the roads and public works, are in too many cases
in reality sentenced to a lingering capital punish-
ment; and that, under certain officers, the deaths
are fearfully above the average, heavy though
that be—in evidence of which he records that
—4, In one gang employed under Capt. Thomson,
in the Ramghur division of the Trunk Road,
the number of convicts who died whilst actually
belonging to the gang averaged for ten months
at the rate of 34 4 of deaths per cent, per
annum, and in one month the deaths in that gang
were 10 per cent." We doubt if such a frightful
mortality has been exceeded in New South Wales,,
where in the good old times the lives of convict&
were held at nought. But we are happy to say
that great improvements are taking place, and
that although much remains, to be done, the wan-
ton sacrifice of human.life at our penal establish-
ments is on the wane. The following is an
account by Dr. Hutchinson of road labour as
carried on in India :--