The Sun.
London, England, 1860-08-28 00:00:00

~~

ASTLEY'S ROYAL AMPHITHEATRE.-
Proprietor and Maxi iger, Mr. WM. BATTY.
Continued Success of "Mazeppa."
A Grand MID-DAY PERFORMANCE will take place on
SATURDAY next, Sepf 1, commencing at Two o'clock.
This Evening, Lord Byroefs splendid Hippo-drama of
MAZEPI'A AND THE WILD HORSE, with, entirely new
and beautiful scenery, costly costumes, and appointments,
introducing the largest stud of highly-trained Horses, Po-
nies, Buffaloes, and Camels in the World.
To be followed by Scene[ in the Arena by the Star Riders
of the day, including the greatest Equestrienne in the world,
Madlle. de Berg, whose wonderful Leap through the body of
a Mail Coach (a feat never before attempted by any other
female) has been nightly received with enthusiasm.
Doors open at half-past 6, performance commence at 7.
Box-office open daily from 11 till 4.
Stage Manager—Mr. W. WENT.
Director of the Arena—M. Felix Rcvolti.

CANTERBURY HALL CONCERTS.-
EVERY EVENING,
A Grand Selection from
MARTHA,
And Selections from
DINORAII, TROVATORE, MACBETH,
And numerous other Entertainments.
Balcony, is Hall. 6d.
Comic Vocalists—Messrs. George Hodson (the Irish Come-
dian and Mimic), and C. Marshall.
The ETHIOPIANS, consisting of 17 performers (organised
expressly for this Establishment). for the performance of
Vocal and Instrumental Music, Comic and Sentimental, with
Negro delineations, anecdotes, &c., in addition to the usual
entertainments.
The Fine Arts Gallery is open from 5 till 11 on Sunday
Evening.

THE WEATHER.—SUN OFFICE, AUGUST 28, 1860,
THERMOMETER, IN THE SHADS.
66—highest since noon yesterday.
52—lowest this morning and during the night.
66—this day at noon.

BAROMETER-29.90.
WlND—Westerly; light, with fine weather.
ONE o'cLocx.—Wind shifted to S.W., with sudden rain
and heavy.
Two o'CLocK.—Weather fine again, with sunshine.

HIGH WATER AT LONDON BRIDGE.
THIS DAY.—Morning, —h. —m.—Afternoon, 12h. 12m
To-moßnow.-Morning, 12h. 40m.—Afternoon, lh. 5m

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THE SUN.

LONDON, TUESDAY, AUGUST 28, 1860.

GARIBALDI is now firmly posted on the main.

land. The capture of Reggio took place on the
21.-A, much in the manner which we had anticipated
from the somewhat confused telegrams, by a com-
bination of forces, and by completely out-general-
ing the Neapolitans, as GARIBALDI did so success-
fully at Palermo, and as he duped the Austrians
with similar skill on the Alps. On the present
occasion, while his visible and tentative movements

kept the enemy expecting him north of Reggio,
across the narrowest part of the Straits,
he appears to have sent his ships round
the island ; and while the Neapolitans
were straining their eyes across the Straits, and
paddling up and down them with their ships, what
does GARIBALDI do but slip across with the main
body of his forces, and disembark at Melito, south
of Reggio by a dozen miles, while they were all
looking for him as many miles north ! To combine
the small bands who had already crossed, and whom
he was using as a Will-o'-the-Wisp, to decoy
the Neapolitans in the wrong direction, was the
work of but a few hours. The result was
that first the town, then the citadel, then
one small place after another, and at
length two entire brigades, with all their
horses, arms, ammunition, and material of war,
with the fort of Pizzo, have fallen into his hands.
An excellent beginning this.
And now he has to march to Naples along a road
specially adapted both to his genius and to his
receiving the effective co-operation of the ever ready
Calabrians. It lies not far from the sea, at the
foot of hills, mountains, and forests, with no
fortified place we believe, certainly not one of
any importance, in his way. The Neapolitan
navy, if more capable or willing than it has
proved itself, can do him little harm,
since his guns now command both shores of the
Straits. He has only a small, and, we suppose,
not very hostile, certainly not dangerous, garrison
in the citadel of Messina to watch. Indeed, we
have seen it stated that he is master of heights
which command the citadel. But GARIBALDI
seems not to be in too much haste. He is utterly
averse to shedding Italian blood. With a humanity
and Ns isdom which all must admire, he would far
rather gain over the Neapolitan soldiers and officers
to the Italian cause than conquer them in battle.
Thoroughly satisfied of the nobility mad goodness
of his cause, he relies as much on an appeal to its
merits, as on the sword with which he maintains it.
The surrender of the two brigades is, we therefore
trust, the prelude to the surrendering of all the
rest. Out of such a force as 70,000 men, the ras-
cals, we may sure, canflot be a largo proportion ;
and all the better part of the Neapolitan army
must be not only Italians in their sympathies, but
admirers of the great General, of whose European
fame every Italian soldier is proud, and under whom
he would prefer to serve.

The letter which he addressed to his officers
and soldiers before leaving the Faro is an uncle-
signed portrait of the man as an Italian and a
commander. Besides bravery, he impresses on
the officers, as one of the first requisites, the
"liability which attracts and secures the affec-
tion of
the soldiers. He marks the superiority
of thorough discipline obtainel by kindness, to
that established by harshness. He shows how
effective the former is, as compared with the
latter, in the hour of privation, of difficulty,
and of danger. ,
ie desires that an officer
should be a man whom his soldiers could not,
fro.a.
personal attachment, desert under any circum-
stances; and he would have his officers not a
haughty aristocratic clique messing
apart, as a kind
of petty divinities, but " living with their men,
and taking part with them as
they would with
their own families." GARIBALDI might, we fancy,
lectu:re with advantage at our own Horse Guards.
In the same spirit, so entirely the reverse of the
Austrian, he reminds the soldiers of the Claims
of the poor hardworking peasantry, and of the

''`k

value of their co-operation, which he found so,
invaluable after his landing in Sicily, in :con-
cealing all his movements from the enemy.
And then the last paragraph, how wisdom
and humanity blend with zeal for his

." Finally, I say to all Italians with the cer-
tainty of being listened to, that being few the
struggle will be long, and with great sacrifice of
gold and blood; but being many we shall secure
the liberty of Italy quickly and well, so that
future generations shall remember us with affection."
Why, the noble man seems to have a mission to
unite all noble hearts, as well as to sweep tyrants
from his nstive soil. So far as successful, his kind-
liness of nature will do as much as his courage and
love of liberty, to regenerate his native country, and
to make its feuds and heart-burnings things of the
past. Wonderful man, truly—the General, the sol-
dier, and the peacemaker ; the enthusiast and the
sage, all in one ! Take him altogether the greatest
man of the day.
And now that he has made good his ground thus
far, and appears disposed to use, not to hazard his
past successes, he does not want advisers. A great
English journal kindly advises him to declare
beforehand, that he intends to leave Italian
liberty incomplete. He is to publish to
all the world that he will not attack Austria in her
stolen quadrangle. He is ostentatiously to proclaim,
forsooth, that he surrenders one of the noblest of
Italian provinces, hopelessly, to the worst of ty-
rannies. Of what use this could be except to
damp the best zeal of the Italians we can hardly
conceive. Supposing that he completely succeeds
in uniting all Italy but Venetia in one free nation
—a supposition LAMORICIERE and his Holiness
must permit us to consider as quite allow-
able—how long would such a united Italy
endure the groans of the Venetians under the
cruelties which they are now suffering ? For Aus-
tria to govern there without atrocious brutality
seems impossible; for a united and strong Italy to
endure such treatment of their brethren in blood,
language, and sympathies seems equally impossible.
A united Italy might, it is computed, bring 300,000
linto the field—Austria could only oppose to them
garrisons of discontented Hungarians and Croats,
too glad perhaps to bargain with their assailants to
aid them in securing liberty for their fatherlands.
We have little fear, however, that GARIBALDI
will listen to such advisers. It may not
be worth his while to say much about
Venetia yet. Great men are not fond of boast-
ing. He has a great deal to accomplish be-
fore he will be able to give a practical thought to
Mantua and Verona—but it would he madness in
him to shade in the slightest degree the tints of his
tricolour. It must proclaim unmistakeably—ltaly
for the Italian—a free Italy for the free Italians !
Let Austria interpret it as she she chooses ; let her
avert her doom if she can ;—if she be wise she will try
and get a ransom while she can for lands which she
has no moral right to occupy. Au unholy alliance's
gift, is her only title; if she can get from those who
would benevolently prefer giving her a few millions
for it, to shedding human blood, she had better take
it, and be thankful—her creditors, if she used it in
paying them, would be thankful too.

cause—'

This day Parliament is et length prorogued
by:the Royal Commisioners. It being ordained
by a happy dispensation that there shall be
an end to all things—even this seemingly inter-
minable session of 1860 is brought at last slowly
and wearily to its conclusion. Mr. Speaker is
now, happily for himself, emancipated yet once
again from the thraldom of his wig, his
robes, and his shoe-buckles. The Sergeant-
at-Arms has shouldered for the last time in
this year of grace that ponderous " bauble "
of the mace contemned by CROMWELL. The
Lord Chancellor may speedily find that true
repose is procurable upon a harder cushion than
the woolsack. Her MAJESTY'S Ministers, or at
least a few of the more indefatigable amongst
them, have already celebrated their escape awhile
from the drudgeries of office in their old. accus-
tomed manner by consuming down at Greenwich
that strange immemorial banquet, flavoured with
squeezings of lemon over whitebait and Vauxhall
slices of brown bread and butter, apparently from
some mysterious reason (hitherto unexplained even
by Notes and Queries) essential as the autumnal
nutriment of England's administrators ! All the
usual formalities, in fact, have again been scrupu-
lously complied with, and as we have said, and as
we all rejoice to know, the Lords and Commons
are prorogued.
Looking back through this more than ordinarily
protracted session of now very nearly seven months'
duration--it is something to assert, and to assert
with truth, that we can do so in more than one
particular (even after all that has been "said," and
all that has not been " done")—not without a cer-
tain degree of complacency. Granted that Parlia-
mentary Reform (that was to have been settled at
least for the next thirty years) has, in defiance of
every prediction to the contrary, again been given
the go by ! Granted that the general expectation
in this one vital particular has been thus egregiously
disappointed by the very Ministry that had thrust
its predecessors -out of and itself into office for
the express purpose and with the avowed object of
putting a salutary close to the long-agitated vexata
questio of reform in our system of Parliamentary
representation. Granted that little indeed has
been done in the way of furthering the pro-
gress of law amendments—of advancing in any ap-
preciable manner the furtherance of that grand
movement of which Lord BROUGHAM'S energetic
genius may be described as the primum mobile, or mo-
tive-power, or direct source of impulsion. Not a stop
are we more advanced than we were a twelvemonth
since to the revision of our criminal code, to the
readjustment of our laws relating to bankruptcy
and insolvency, to the registration of our landed
estates, to the codification of our whole complex,
incoherent and heterogeneous scheme of jurispru-
dence. Nothing, literally nothing done in this way
—although Loral BROUGHAM was there ever at
hand ready with his herculean assistance; although
Lord CAMPBELL of all men was Lord High Chan-
cellor, and Sir RICHARD BETHELL of all men was
Attorney-General ; although in the Commons Mini-
sters were secure in this particular branch of re-
form of obtaining the cordial co-operation of that
eminent band of lawyers confronting them from
the Opposlon benches, men like FITZROY KELLY,
HUGH CAMS, and JAMES WHITESIDE, as secure as
they were of obtaining a no less cordial co-operation
in the Lords from the venerable and illustrious
group of Tory Lord Caa,ncallors, particularly from
those recognised Nestors among our juriicousults,
Lord LYNDIIURST and Lord Sr. LEONARDS.

Granted, again, that this unfortunate session of
1860, which was notoriously to have witnessed the
final extinction of the abhorred and iniquitous
Income Tax, has only, in reference to that most
cruel and unjust of all impo3ts, rendered itself in-
famous by witnessing its flagrant reimposition !
And this, moreover, by the very financier who had
seven years previously predicted its abandonment
in '6O, after an elaborately graduated diminution !
Granted that this same luckless session has passed
by without relieving the community of that long-
' detested ecclesiastical " fardel" of the Church-rates