The Sun.
London, England, 1860-04-16 00:00:00

THE SUN, LONDON, MONDAY REvENING, APRIL"' 16, tlB6O

' that the war bad, in fact, Commons. Our demand is, that it should offer
- .., of giving
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se
rightlym nothing
embers
representedlme s
may
y t
think,han thet
opinion was correct, anti .
iWc hasteenveir
ho
enr Bill.eo
prevalentm
been. undertaken for the purpos,
contem-
pendence to Italy. The language of the _
appeared to him to be perfectly clear on te....
point; but the programme, in spite of its greatness, men:.
abroad. The faults of the Bill are, in public
1 those of oni• •
was net well understood and not well received. The opinion, ent`Lre y omission. Regarded
partisans of Italy were not then very numerous ; merely as an enfranchisement bill, it is respectable ;
and public opinion joined too readily in the re- but regard it a Reform Bill, which ought to include
proaches cast on that warlike and sacrified nation of protection for the voter and
fair apportionment of
being inconsistent. The Italians had, he said, seats, it is a nullity. We do not mean to affirm that
nobly replied to their detractors, and had shown these two points couldhave been carried through the
the patriotism with which they were filled." The present House of Commons; but that fact only shows
hon. deputy furthermore insisted that with the in- how much Representative Reform is needed. When
dependence of Italy the interests of France were, no one even expects that apeople's house will concede
to his own thinking, bound up indissolubly. In to every voter a right to give an unbiassed vote—
testimony of the reasonableness of which opinion or, to property, in connection with population, a
he exclaimed—" Open the annals of Europe and it tolerably equal representation— surely it is time
will be seen that since the fall of the that such a house should be made to give way to
Roman empire two principles bad been con- one which will do political justice.
stantly opposed to each other in Italy, one It is plain that every obstruction will be offered
represented by Germany and the other by to this franchise-extension bill. Regarding it as a
France." Adding, " When he loOked on the map good piece of bit-by-bit reform, we denounce such
of Europe, and contemplated that vast triangle of obstructions. The great organ of Toryism has been
which the Mediterranean was the centre, and of at it day by day, especially since the Opposition
which France formed the summit, it appeared to have succeeded in their schemes of procrastination ;
him to be a power commanding at once the Atlan- and if hon. members do not return to St. Stephen's
tic and the Adriatic—a power which would en- with a tremendous ogre of mob ignorance swamp-
lighten and not alarm Europe—a power which ing the select constituencies of £lO householders,
would inaugurate an era of prosperity and gran- getting rid of taxes on articles of consump-
deur to which no one could point out a limit." Italy tion, and mulcting property with the cost of
free from the Alps to the Adriatic—" such," ex- our army and navy, it will not be the
claimed M. FAVRE, " was the promise made to Italy fault of the Times. Mr. GLADSTONE'S Budget has
and to the world by France when ready to enter on shown the way to get rid of taxes which affect the
the campaign." Yet, after alluding to the reiterated many, and Lord JOHN RUSSELL'S Bill has said to
defeats experience by the Austrians, he insisted the many—" walk in lads, and saddle all of us who
that the object of the war had not been obtained ! do not live on wages with seventy pence in the
In point of fact the treaty of Zurich, the armistice of pound income-tax, and that will just pay our
Villafranca—constituted, each of them separately, seventy millions a-year expenditure." Lord
both of them together, a miserable anti-climax to the MACAULAY, moreover, has been raised from the
majestic Milan Proclamation. It was a magnificent dead, and if members of Parliament will neither
project, not a doubt of it, this design of liberating believe the journal which sits in MosEs' seat, nor a
Italy from the Alps to the Adriatic—this dream of risen Lord MACAULAY—why, to the place of tor-
rendering free the whole of the Roman Peninsula ment go they must.
—this halcyon vision of " Italy for the Italians," But are Reformers to be called on in the name
whether under one ruler or under several rulers, of all the worthy persons who inhabit houses of
whether with the new title of a Kingdom or of a between £6 and £lO rent to fight with such spectres
Confederation. Has not Lord BYRON when speak- of the fancy as these. Our answer is, collect any-
ing of Greece, in the name of the Greeks, at the where you please, the class of persons referred to—
mere mention of POLYCRATES, exclaimed with a talk with them individually, or get them
sort of agonised rapture even over that painful re- together in a • hall or schoolroom set
membrance— some of them to tell you their minds on public
" A TYRANT! But our masters then things, and you will he surprised how shrewd and
Were still at least our countrymen r' sensible their remarks are; the per centage of in-
As thus at the mere thought of Greece for the Gre- telligent men among them would probably equal
cians— so at this project of Italy for the Italians ! It that of any other class. But, what is more to the
was a project superbly commenced—apparently for point, you will find them all—yes, even the men
some little time in a fair way towards its realisation. who belong to Mr. WHITESIDE'S dreaded Trades'
Bat—"o most lame and impotent conclusion"—there Unions, imbued with as deep a reverence for the
followed hard upon the heels of the victory of Sol-
rights of property as Mr. Wv. HITESIDE himself.
ferino—the truce of Villafranca! "In the same None but industrious hard-working artisans, as the
way," said M. FAVRE, " that it had only depended rule, are masters of even a£6 house, and honour-
on one will to declare war, so it had depended on able members may be as certain of it as of any pro-
one will alone to put an end to it, and to leave un- position in Euclid, that the man who works for
finished a work in which the dignity and the inte- his living is never a destructive. He knows the
rests of ;the country were involved;" and, in so
value of "his own." He has come by it, by
speaking, he " declared that he did not make this a process which teaches him
its value. It is
remark by way of criticism—that went beyond •
justly called his " hard-earned savings"—and is
his right—but he considered it as his duty to as dear to him as the estate of a Duke.
point out the fate of his country, and to make You will also find him
an earnest friend to order.
France understand that she had placed herself He may think
the capitalist hard upon him, but he
under the hands of a master !" Certainly a would
rather try the matter out with him in his
very startling reminder heard in the Tribune, own way—in •the perfectly legitimate way of re-
and reported in the Moniteur. So bold at last be- fusing to work if he thinks he ought to have more
came the comments and criticisms of M. FAVRE,
for his work.
that the hon. deputy was at length interrupted by We do not believe ii Lord MACAULAY'S vivid
the President, the Count DE MoRNY, who observed
pictures of what operatives will do in hard times.
that, while (as the Chamber would certainly do He says we have got over such seasons in England
him the justice to admit), he had allowed because the few just sufficient to keep Whigs
M. FAVRE the fullest latitude to express in power—had the political power. We beg
his opinions, he must now remind that representa- to recal one fact to recollection—on each return

tive that it was not to be permitted that he should
forget the respect due to the Sovereign." Adding

of the times of hardship alluded to by Lord
MA cAuLAY, the temper of the unemployed and the

that " M. J. FAVRE had reproached the EMPEROR
with that which was his best title to the admiration
of the country, namely, his moderation in the hour
of victory, and his constant solicitude for the
interests of France." And certainly it must
be allowed even in regard to the Italian
policy of the reigning Emperor of the FRENCH,
his Majesty is faithfully carrying out to the
letter the famous axiom of the great founder of
his dynasty—Tout pour: la France ! Only it
happens that that" little-all" includes just now—
Savoy and the Savoyards ! And not only
that—it swallows up the honour of the Empire and
the solemn promises of the Sovereign. It can
hardly be wondered at therefore that criticisms
should still be indulged in even in the French
Tribune, even as now reported in the official head
of the French press, the Moniteur—sharp and
searching criticisms upon a policy sketched out so
clearly in the proclamation of Milan, and falsified
so disastrously in the armistice on the morrow of
Solferino, and the melancholy sequels to the
armistice of Villafranca !

demands of those on strike have become milder and
more reasonable. To what is this to be attributed
but to the fact that the working classes have been
treated, legislatively, with more justice. The great
crowning act of justice to them was the removal of
the tax on their food. How thankful were all
of us in 1848 that the Corn Laws had
been repealed! And it is certainly rather
tender ground that those who for thirty years con-
fiscated by corn laws the very food of the poor
should now begin to exclaim about the danger of
the poor throwing on them the sole burden of the
taxes, which are paid chiefly to protect the pro-
perty of the country. Our -working men, how-
ever, will never do any such thing. 2They will
never, we are confident, object to a fair taxation of
tho'se things which are not the necessities of life.
We observe in his speech to the electors of Har-
wich Mr CAMPBELL, now Lord STRATHEDEN, has a
new proposal. He, having left the House of Com-
mons, has handed over to a member who has au-
thority and eloquence to urge them, the arguments
by which he intended to have supported a motion
for a select committee to draft a Reform Bill.
There may be advantages in such a
course, but the objections strike us as
insurmountable. We know our rights and claims
without the help of a select committee, and want
only a house and a Ministry honest enough to
recognise them, There is nothing new to be
ascertained—no secret doings needing to be inves-
tigated. It is not knowledge, but fairness, that
is wanted. In the other main feature of
his proposals we altogether concur and we
trust Lord STRATHEDEN will use his powerful logic
wi:l the Upper House to convince it. " That, to at-
tempt a general amendment of the system, with a
view to rest and perpetuity, and at the same to
deny vote by ballot in election either wholly or
partly, absolutely or conditionally, seems to be a
course more adapted to excite popular resentment
than to assuage uneasiness existing in the body of
the people."

Now for the real tug of war. The Treaty and
Budget have been all but carried, though two
not unimportant points—the wine licenses and the
paper duties—remain yet to be settled. The Bank-
ruptcy Bill ought not to be regarded as a party
question; it is an admirable project as a whole;
lawyers on both sides have spoken well of it, and
we may hope that so valuable and necessary a
measure will by common consent be exempted
from all the mischiefs of partisan warfare. But
the Reform Bill is quite another question. The
Chancellor of the Exchequer always possesses many
facilities for carrying the house by storm. There
are numerous members on both sides who can
hardly be brought by their own party to vote
against any budget; the money must be had,
and no one likes to refuse. Quite the oppo-
site is the case with any " Poor little
Bill" on Representative Reform. Almost
every member has something to say against it.
Hardly one is there who does not think it goes too
far or not far enough, hardly one who does not
question whether it leaves his re-election as hopeful
as it was before ; and not one who would not most
thankfully put off sine anno, the passing of a Re-
form Bill—especially is he unwilling to help one
forward, which, in addition to all unpleasant possi-
bilities, has this most unpleasant certainty, that the
year of its passing must be followed by a general

The annual report of Dr. LETITEB Y on the sani-
ts:rY co
non
ditthioencoofmmthiessiConitey of
rsofLsoenwdoerns,, jhuasst
spre
ohae-
po;nts of interest. It is especially deserving the
attention of all who occupy themselves in the con-
sideration of questions of sanitary reform, and many
topics which it touches upon are highly suggestive.
On the whole, Dr. LETIIEBY considers the state of
the city health to be favourable, as the death-rate
only amounts to 22.4 per 1,000 of the population,
whereas in other large towns it is Eearly 26. The
mortality, it seems, is very unequally divided
among the different districts. In the western divi-
sion it has been as high as 27 3; in theeastern,
26.5; and in the central, only 19.8. Consequently,
according to these statistics, while 1 in 44 have
died in the whole city, 1 in 36 have died in the
western districts, 1 in 33 in the eastern, and only 1 in
56 in the central. As may be supposed, those dis-
tricts where the death-rate is so WO are the loca-
lities of the poor, who hue often to contend against
the evil effects of excessive labour and bad living,
in addition to the ills resulting from over-crowd-
and want of cleanliness. Still the fact is sug-
gestive to the sanitary reformer, especially when the
great decrease which is perceptible in the returns of
mortality during the last few years is borne in
mind. After giving some particulars of the mean age
of death in the city, Dr. LETIIEBY goes on to say:—
i" Dark, however, as this picture may seem to be

election.

With all these disadvantages, then, on all sides,
the " tug of war" will now begin. All the Tories
hostile for Toryism's sake, most of the Whigs hos-
tile because almost obliged to support what they
will defend, not for Whiggism's sake but for
the reputation of Whiggism. All the Radicals,
only half-friendly, if so much as half, bQcause the
Bill does not give one half of their demands—it
leaves out altogether, indeed, the greatest demand
of a 11...., freedom of voting. What, then, can become
of the "poor little Bill" in such a house as this ? If
it be true that " where there's a will there's a
way," we may be absolutely certain that the House
of Commons will by some means or other
find a way to get rid of the Bill with which
all its members are on different grounds
discontented ; and which, we are sorry to
believe, a large majority of its members think goes
too far for them.
It is here we would join issue with the House of

it is far lighter than it once was, and is brighter
-than that which is still drawn of the chief towns
of England and the large cities of Europe. Ten
years ago the annual mortality of the city was
rarely less than 25 in the 1,000 ; and we are
told by the Registrar-General that the death-rate
of our large towns at the present time is little short
of 26 in the 1,000. Our present condition is 19
per cent. better than that ; and we owe it to the
sanatory labours of the last ten years. Even five
years ago, the average mortality in the city was
as high as 3,190 in the year; but in the course
of the last four years, since the fruits of those
labours have begun to ripen, the number has fallen
to an average of 2,902; and it is no small thing to
have brought about the saving of nearly 300 lives
in the year, and that, too, in the midst of difficul-
ties of no ordinary character. The chief towns of
England, with their high mortality, are not subject
as we are to the unwholesome influences of an ex-
cessive overcrowding. Here the inhabitants are
so thronged together that from 131 to 291 must
find room upon an acre. No such condition of
things as this is forced upon the towns of England
—for the density of their population is rarely above
50 on the acre—and yet their mortality ranges from
24 to 36 in the 1,000. We have reason, therefore,
for congratulation that the sanatory state of the
city is as good as it is, and that the untoward cir-
cumstances which are forced upon us by our neces-
sities are kept so largely in check."
It appears from the earlier tables of the report
that " the greatest strain upon a city life is during
childhood and mature age." The mortality of
children during the first few years of their exist-
ence is somewhat startling. During the past year
the deaths of infants during the first year of their
age has amounted to nearly one-fifth of all the
births, 608 having died out of 3,260 born. In
some parts of the City the rate of infant mortality
has amounted to 22 per cent., while in the rest of
London, as in all England, it is only from 15 to
15.5 per cent. These figures prove better than any
arguments the fatal effects of overcrowding and
want of ventilation and cleanliness on infant life.
With regard to deaths at more advanced periods of
life, there are other causes to consider. We must
not forget that a city life is generally one of close
and unremitting attention to business, often with
the depressing influences of care and anxiety.
Those who begrudge the city clerk or artisan his
Sunday excursion to the forest or the seaside, forget
what a refreshment to both body and mind is a
change of air and scene—a temporary escape from.
the weary routine and stifling atmosphere of their
daily lives. " The conclusion from all this is," says
Dr. Letheby, in summing up his statistics, " that
the circumstances of a city life are peculiarly try-
ing, for they increase the death-rate from a nor-
mal standard of about 17 in the 1,000 to nearly 23 ;
they double the mortality of the infant population,
and shorten the period of adult life from an
average age of 60 to 51." The evil, as Dr.
Letheby ably proves, is self-sustaining ; it is not
confined to one generation, for the conditions which
enfeeble the parent, weaken the child, and the future
genorations become less and less able to contend
against the deleterious agencies. The great in-
fluences which shorten a city life, according to his
theory, are those which check the healthy nourish-
ment of the body, while they yet hurry forward the
movement of the vital powers. Thus mental wear
and tear and excessive demands upon the nervous
energy are too often accompanied by circumstances
which depress and exhaust the physical forces
The able and intelligent framer of the report is not one
who contents himself with statingthe self-evident and
immediate causes of disease and mortality; he aims
at discovering the influences which are secretly at
work, predisposing the sufferer to succumb unresist-
ingly to some pressing evil. The time is not far
off, in Dr. LETHEBY'S opinion, when it will be
thought necessary to extend the researches of sani-
tary science beyond its present area. It may be
long, perhaps, before it will be able to deal as suc-
cessfully with these more hidden but equally sinis-
ter influences as with the more apparent evils re-
sulting from over-crowding, dirt, and a deficient
and impure supply of air and water. It is,
however, comparatively but a short time since
the sad results of the infraction of these important
laws of nature were looked upon as uncontrollable,
and we have therefore grounds for hoping that
the injurious effects we see spreading around
us of that high pressure system, which is the
growing characteristic of our age, may yet be
counteracted and modified by a more advanced
state of sanitary inquiry, and a greater diffusion of
well as of physical
sthcieencper.inciples of mental as

LATESI _NEWS.

The following telegrams hare been received at
Mr. Reuter's office :

PARIS, APRIL 16.
The Moniteur publishes the following despatch,
dated

NICE, SUNDAY, 3 P.M.

At one o'clock p.m. to-day, out of the total num-
ber of 7,000 voters, 5,000 had already registered
their votes. The news from the neighbouring
communes is excellent. The voting in favour of
annexation to France is unanimous.

GENEVA, APRIL 15.

Yesterday evening (Saturday), a Genevan depu-
tation representing all parties presented Sir Robert
Peel with a testimonial, consisting of a cup and a
rifle. The most cordial expressions were ex-
changed. Sir Robert Peel promised the support of
England for the preservation of the independence
and neutrality of Switzerland. The deputation
expressed their thanks to the English Ministry and
Parliament.

GENEVA, APRIL 16.
In Switzerland the agitation upon the question of

Savoy is increasing.
On Saturday and Sunday evening numerous
meetings took place at Thun, Winterthur, and
other places. The most important were th.ose held
at Olten and Lausanne.

An extraordinary envoy will be sent to Berlin

MARSEILLES, APRIL 14.

According to letters received here, the insurrec-
tion at Messina broke out on Sunday evening last.
The popular movement commenced by shots being
fired in the Strada Ferdinanda ; pieces of furniture
were thrown from the windows upon the troops. An
agent of the Menagerie Imperiale, and several
sailors, who had disembarked from the packet Me-
andre, were exposed to the fire of musketry, and
one of the sailors was wounded. The French consul
made representations to the Governor. The firing
of musketry and several cannon shots were heard
during the night. The Governor threatened to
bombard the city should resistance continue to be
offered. The principal inhabitants of the city then
interfered, and obtained that the police, the prin-
cipal cause of the popular irritation, should be re-
moved. The troops made themselves masters of
all the positions in the town, and part of the insur-
gents withdrew into the country.
On Monday evening the Meandre left Messina
with despatches from the French consul.
All is over. Further details will be shortly re-
ceived.

MARSEILLES, APRIL 14.

The packet from Naples brings an official report
affirming that tranquillity reigns at Palermo. This
report says nothing of Messina. The next picket
will not reach Marseilles until Monday evening
next.

His Excellency the Prussian Minister and the
Countess de Bernstorff have returned to Prussia House
from visiting Lady Marian Alford, at Ashbridge Park.
His excellency and the countess will leave town to-day on
a visit to the Duke and Duchess of Beaufort, at Bad-
minton.

TURIN, APRIL 15.

The cession of Nice to France was an absolute
necessity for Piedmont, in order to obtain from
Napoleon 111. the guarantee of Lombardy and the
Duchy of Parma.
This guarantee appeared to be expressed in a
secret article of the treaty of the 24th March last,
relative to the cession of Savoy and Nice.
France has, however, refused to guarantee to
Piedmont the other annexed provinces, viz., Tus-
cany and the Legations.

His Excellency the Earl of Carlisle arrived at
Stafford House on Friday night from Dublin, to stay a few
days with the Duke and Duchess of Sutherland.
The Lord Chancellor bas arrived at Stratheden
House, Knightsbridge, from his seat in Roxburghshire.
The Duke and Duchess of Wellington will return
to Apsiey House, on Wednesday, from Strathfieldsa*
where they have been passing the holidays.
The Duke and Duchess of Marlborough arrived
in St. James's-square on Saturday evening from Blenheim
Palace, near Woodstock, for the season.

TURIN, APIL 14.

In to-day's sitting of the Chamber of Deputies,
Signor Ridjouse made an interpellation referring
to the late events in Sicily. Count Cavour, in his
reply, considered'a discussion on the subject both
useless and dangerous ; he further stated that the
Neapolitan Government was occupied in the inte-
rior, and concluded by saying, " Our fellow-citi-
zens are continuing the struggle."
On the report of the committee in reference to a
petition from some inhabitants of the Northern
province of Savoy, requesting liberty and latitude
in voting upon the question of annexation, the
Chamber, by a large majority, passed to the order
of the day.
The Chamber was then prorogued until the Ist
of May.
The number of deputies who have inscribed their
names to accompany the Xing on his tour through
Central Italy has been increased by 110.

The Duke and Duchess of Argyll, accompanied
by the Marquis of Lorn and their youthful family, arrived
at their villa at Campden-hill, Kensington, on Saturday,
from passing the holidays at Weymouth.

ROME, APRIL 14.

The-Duke of Newcastle and Lady Susan Pelham
Clinton come to town to-day from Clumber Park, Notts,
for the season.

The Duke of Bedford has been sworn in High
Steward of Cambridge, is the room of the late Lord Ma.
caulay.

General LamoriciAre, in his quality of commander-
in-chief of the Papal troops, only relieves the Pope,
and not Cardinal Antonelli, of the presidency of the
War Department. The cardinal 'having, however,
insisted on leaving the military administration, is
about to be replaced by a French general, a friend
of General Lamoriciere;

VIENNA, SUNDAY.

The Iklarquis and Marchioness of Downshire
return to their mansion in Belgrave-square to-morrow, from
East Hampstead Park, Berks, where they have been pass-
ing the holidays.

The assembling of a conference, as demanded by
Switzerland, for the settlement of the affairs of
Savoy is very doubtful, as, without France, Russia
and Austria decline to enter any conference ; Aus-
tria adding that if a congress takes place, its pro-
gramme must be determined beforehand.

The Earl and Countess of Malmesbury have
arrived in Whitehall Gardens, from Heron Court, their
seat in Hants.

The following are the ideas of Austria on tha

Viscount Palmerston comes to town to-day from
Brocket Hall. Her ladyship will not return to Cambridge
House until Thursday.

Lord Stanley of Alderlev has arrived at l.'s resi-
dence in Dover-street, from Alderley Park, Cheshire.
THE QUEEN.—We believe there is a probability
of her Majesty's paying a short visit to Balmoral in tho
month of May. We do not announce this as an arrange-
ment positively determined on, but we learn that the Queen
is anxious to see the Highlands in the spring; and that a
sort of conditional promise was given, that her Majesty
would visit Scotland during the spring. We may there-
fore, perhaps, hear that her Majesty has determined to
spend her birthday this year at Balmoral. There is nothing
in the Court arrangements announced to prevent its being
accomplished.—Court Journal.

head :

The fundamental intention of the Congress of
Vienna, in neutralising the districts of Chablais and
Faucigny, was to protect Switzerland and Sardinia
from the preponderance of France. The moment
the whole of Savoy is incorporated with the French
empire, there is no further reason for the neutra-
lisation of Chablais and Faucigny, and the guar-
anteed stipulation by the treaties.' of Vienna can no
longer be applied.

The only real way by which the difficulties of
the question could be removed is by a direct under-
standing between France and Switzerland, for
which the other great Powers Would offer their
good offices.

PARIS, SUNDAY.

The Moniteur of to-day publishes a decree reduc-
ing by one centimetre the minimum height required
for recruits.

--
DEATH OF LIEUT.-GENERAL SIR HENRY E.
BUNBUILY, BkliT., K.C.B.—We have to record the de-
mise of the above venerable baronet, who expired at an early
hour on Friday morning at Barton Mall, Suffolk, at the
advanced age of 82 years, having been born 4th May,
1775.

A communique has been addressed to the Union
and to the Guyette de Franco, which recommends a
more respGctful treatment of international ques-
tions, and states that "these journals, in designat-
ing the Count de Montemolin as Charles VI., thus
ignore the constitutional rights of the Queen of
Spain, which have been recognised by all Europe,

DEATH OF A WELL-KNOWN ACTUARY.—We
rogret to announce the death of John Finlaison, Esq., the
celebrated actuary and Governmmt calculator. He died
on Friday morning, at his residence, at Notting-hill, in his
77th year, nearly 50 of which were spent in the Govern-
ment service.

DIPLOMATIC APPOINTMENTS.—Mr. J. S. Lumley
now Secretary to her Majesty's Mission at St. Petersburg.
is appointed Secretary to the British Embassy at Constan-
tinople, in the room of Mr. Alison, appointed to succeed
Sir Henry Itawlinson as Minister at the Persian Court.
Mr. E. S. Erskine, now Secretary of Legatisn at Stock-
holm, is appointed Secretary of Legation to the Mission at
St. Petersburg. Mr. Edwin Corbett, who was Secretary
to the late Mission at Florence, is appointed Secretary of
Legation at Stockholm.

CONSTANTINOPLE, APRIL 14.

Religious disturbances broke out here on Easter
Sunday, and continued on the Greek Good Friday,
when the Greek procession was insulted. Eggs
were thrown from the windows. A catholic house,
which was suspected, has been destroyed. Further
disturbances are expected on Sunday next. The

police have taken precautionary measures. The
affair has no political importance.

FRANCE.

It was mentioned a few days ago that the Em-
peror Napoleon had approved the model of a gun-
boat constructed on a system to be propelled with-
out steam, and has ordered boats to be built on
this plan. The power which is intended to be sub-
stituted for steam is hot air. It will produce as
much rapidity and be far more economical than
steam. It is calculated. that the yearly saving in
the cost of fuel for the French navy will be about
80,000,000 f.—indeed, that the combustible used for
cooking on a voyage will nearly suffice to propel
the vessel, and boilers will be dispensed with. The
experiments have succeeded so well that in addi-
tion to the gunboats now nearly completed a large
vessel, the Reine Hortense, will be fitted to receive
the new machinery. The inventor of this power,
which may effect another revolution in navigation,
is a French engineer employed at Lyons. The
machinery, which has been made at Lyons, is soon
expected in Paris. Great results are anticipated
from the invention.

The Paris flour-market was heavy last week, and
sales difficult, in consequence of the large quantity
in store. Wheat, on the contrary, was firm, without
much variation in price.
The telegraph has given the prices at the provin-
cial corn-markets, held yesterday :—" Arras.—The
market was small, and Wheat rose 50c. the hecto-
litre." " Chartres.—Market badly supplied ; both
wheat and oats have risen." " Dijon.—No varia-
tion in prices—wheat, 27f. the 100 kilogrammes ;
oats, 17f." " Metz-406 hectolitres of wheat sold
at 26f. 90c. the 100 kilogrammes." " Orleans.—
An ordinary market; prices firm." There was not
much business transacted at the wine-market of
Bercy last week. The cold weather has had an in-
jurious effect on sales. Prices, nevertheless, are
firm. The lowest price for ordinary wine is from 40f.
to 42f. the hectolitre, to which an octroi duty of 191.
65c. the hectolitre is to be added on its entrance into
Paris.

The Poissy cattle market was not well supplied
with beef on Thursday. There were 1,689 oxen
offered for sale, of which 1,539 were sold at
from lf. 10c. to lf. 38c. the kilogramme ; 442
cows, of which 242 sold from 96c. to lf. 32c.;
11,878 sheep, of which 11,571 sold from lf.
48c. to lf. 72c.; 904 veal calves, of which
596 sold from lf. 47c. to if. 87c. The qua-
lity of the oxen was not as good as usual, and
good beef was sought for at higher prices than
the pieceding week. The cows likewise were very
inferior in quality. The sheep, of which many of
them were shorn, sold well.

Palace on the square, followed by a certain num-
ber of old-fashioned sedan chairs, which were car-
ried along in reserve for the Queen and Princesses
in case of fatigue. The whole procession, describ-
ing a semicircular curve, moved along one side of the
square up to the Church of San Ferdinando, where
the people subsequently had a sight of the decora-
tion on the chief altar piece. It was a transparent
painting, a copy of Raffael's magnificent transfigu-
ration, very well lighted up from behind, and pro-
ducing a fine effect.

" There was of course a large concourse of people
on the Place, but not half so many as one might
have expected on such an occasion. Not one cheer,
nor did the bystanders take off their hats as the
Royal cortege passed, with the exception of the
occupants of some of the balconies. The Royal
pair look sad enough; it might have been in honour
of the day, but the news from Sicily that morning
was surely of a nature sufficiently depressing.
" This morning has brought additional informa-
tion. There appears to be a general rising, and the
fighting has commenced in right earnest. Then,
again, the monks are supposed to go with the popu-
lar feeling. The rioters having made their way
into a convent adjoining the town (Palermo),
they were followed by the military, who set
fire to the house, pillaged the church, and carried
away as prisoners a number of the friars. Some,
indeed, were killed, fighting, it is said. It is
stated that there was an under standing between
the townsmen and the country people. The town,
at any rate, is in a state of siege. The bakers
have stopped, or been compelled to stop bak-
ing; all access to the town being denied, the
inhabitants werr_ in fear of being left without
provisions. This morning three or four vessels carry-
ing troops and ammunition were despatched hence
at an early dawn. It is supposed that previous to
the firing certain incendiary proclamations were in
circulation, emanating from the usual quarter, and
setting forth the praises of the Subalpine demigod.
This, however, I gave as a rumour, for the truth of
which I do not vouch.

The Moniteur publishes official returns showing
that the assessed taxes collected during the first
three months of the present year amount to
263,162,060 L, being an increase of 3,558,000 f. as
compared with the corresponding period of 1859,
and of 2,056,000 f. as compared with the correspond-
ing period of the year 1858.
A Marseilles letter gives the following informa-
tion :—" The recent attempt of Gen. Ortega has
given rise to an inquiry on the part of the authori-
ties here, which has clearly established that our
shipowners had no concern whatever in the expe-
dition, the responsibility for which at first appearea
to fall partly on the persons who had hired out the
Huveaune steamer. This vessel had been chartered
for a month, at the price of 15,000 f. Coals to the
amount of 15,000 f. were to be purchased, and the
Fraissinet Company was to receive notice as to the
continued hiring of the ship a fortnight before the
expiry of the term assigned. Onerous as these terms
appear, they were immediately accepted by the
hirers, to the great surprise of the owners, who
were astonished to see them admitted with so little
hesitation. The money was paid down at once.
The supercargo of the vessel was sent to ask whe-
ther it would be possible to sail on any given day and
at any hour. He was informed that, as all the for-
malities had been duly attended to, the vessel might
go to sea at any hour of the day or night, provided
the captain was advised in time. On March 24 it
was asked whether the passengers could then be
taken, and an affirmative answer being given during
the night of the 25th the captain of the Huveaune
was directed to get up his steam. At five o'clock
in the morning the vessel left the port of Joliette
with five passengers, three of whom had French
passports, and of the other two one had an English
one, and the ether a Parma one. These individuals,
who were evidently persons of high rank, had been
waited for at Marseilles by a person recently arrived
from Paris. There is reason to think that General
Elio, Cabrera's brother-in-law, and perhaps also the
Count of Montemolin, were two of these unknown

personages. On the 25th, the weather being

rough, the vessel was compelled to change her
course, and made for Cette, where the supercargo,

under the pretext of sea-sickness, transferred all
his powers to a Spanish refugee, named Cazanova.
The Huveaune then steered for the Balearic Isles,
instead of going direct to Africa to fetch oxen, as
had been pretended. At Majorca, the vessel was
placed at the disposal of General Ortega, who sent
it to San Carlos de la Rapita. It was expected
that the vessel would be seized, but it was not, as
the captain has addressed a telegraphic despatch to
his owners, stating that he was proceeding to Oran
after conveying troops from Tortosa to Valencia for
the Spanish Government. The captain most pro-
bably proved that he had acted with perfect good
faith, which would explain why it was thought
proper to make use of his ship at a critical mo-
ment."

BOURSE, April 14.—The market has been heavy,
and prices looking down. Threes have been done
at 70f. 15c., and are now at 70f. ; Mobilier varied
from 792 f. 50c. to 785 f. ; Austrian, 528 f. 75c. to
525 f. ; Lombard, 543 f. 75c. to 544 f. 25c. ; Orleans,
1355 f. to 1350 f. ; Geneva, 452 f. 50c. to 445 f. ; Lyons,
936 f, 25c. to 937 f. 50c. ; Northern, 965 f. to 960 f.
The following are the last quotations :

41 per Cents. 96 25
Do. end month 96 30
3 per Cents 7O 3
Do. end month 7O 25
Bank Shares 2BOO
Credit Mebilier
Do. Account 795

Credit Fonder 802 50
Belgian 4t
Piedmonteso (5)
Roman —
Austrian
Spanish Threes
Home Debt .45 50

RAILWAYS.

Cash. Account.
Orleans
Northern 965 968 75
New ditto B7O 875
Lyons and Mediterranean 942 50 .. 945
Geneva 442 50 .. 4.50
Southern
Westet n 575 572 50
Eastern

Sardinian 412 50 . . 412 50
Austrian
Lombard ...

Exchange on London, at sight, paper, 25f. 16c. ; money,
25f. 15c. ; three months, paper, 24f. 85c. ; money, 24f 821 c.

NAPLES.

" Amid this stirring and ominous intelligence I
could not help being amused by the account of the
chivalrous enterprise of the Spanish pretender.
We all supposed he had made his peace some
months ago (it was Sebastian, the cousin of the
Count de Montemolin, who recognised Queen Isa-
bella, and tendered his allegiance to her Govern-
ment), "and as you know was travelling on the
Continent. He was expected back, as his arrival
at Trieste was announced here during the winter.
What a time to select ! Just when his Royal
cousin's popularity must be shining brilliantly
under the trophies of the Mauritanian campaign.
It was announced yesterday by a telegram received
at the Spanish Legation here, that this prodi-
gious blunder has really been committed. A traitor
was even found among the Generals who volun-
teered his services on the occasion. The soldiers
were, however, true to their colours, and as soon as
they understood what was plotting around them
they would have nothing to say to it; but I take
for granted you know all about the matter already.
" With regard to the Sicilian business some curi-
ous details are given. The rising was expected by
the police, who took advantage of the information,
and it is said commenced by firing at inoffensive
and peaceable residents, who were remaining
quietly at home. A female servant in the act of
shutting the windows, received a ball in the chest.
Foreigners and bankers have hastened away from
the scene of contention.
" Cardinal Antonelli is determined to make a
clearance for the French General. He is arresting
everybody. No able-bodied citizen feels secure."

A private letter from Naples, dated the 6th inst.,
mentions as follows :

" I am not aware that the Pope's bull has done
much harm hitherto except to those who launched
the thunderbolt; it will probably recoil on them-
selves, and may be followed by a religious schism.
The clergy in Italy have advanced too far on the
popular side; they cannot recede. As for the religi-
ous communities—the friars, blue, black, and gray,
are always, and ever have been, led along with the
crowd. In the army the bull will only hasten the
withdrawal of those officers who belong to the an-
nexed provinces. Of this disposition to retire there
is little doubt, and it may be questioned whether
Lamoriciere, with all hieenergy, will succeed in
checking the general tendency.
" Yesterday took place a most curious and inte-
resting procession. For the first time, I believe,
since 1848, the Court sallied forth in state to visit
the churches. The young Queen was in full dress,
with a large train of black velvet, and a dress co-
vered with black lace, and wearing en her head
the Spanish mantilla. She walked by the side of
his Majesty, preceded by the chief officers attached
to the Royal service, civilians and military, all in
full costume ; a large display of the body guard,
and uniforms of every fashion ; the gay pages ia
their Spanish attire; and all the ladies of the Court
following, close in attendance, with their black
velvet trains, in honour of the day; but with
coloured ribands or flowers in their hair in order
to mark the absence of Court mourning. It really
wvu gorgeous sight. The cortege issue 4 from the