The Sun.
London, England, 1860-10-01 00:00:00

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Church. He will redouble his military strength
at Rome, that there may be no temptation to
GARIBALDI to presume on disparity of numbers,
and that the POPE may appear to be efficiently
guarded by France; but who can tell whether this
is designed to be the commencement of active in-
tervention, or merely to justify himself to the
priesthood, who control his peasantry. According
to the Moniteur, the EMPEROR means to hold Rome

till a congress decides what must be done for the
final settlement of Italy. But we are accustomed
now to regard congresses as pretences for settle-
ment by the Government which proposes them;
and as to Italy, how could a congress be assem-
bled which would have the right to dispose of her,
and whose right Italians would acknowledge ?
If the telegram from Bologna, published in the
Independance Beige, be correct, respecting the con-
tents of LAMORICIERE'S portfolio, the EMPEROR
may find pretexts for action of quite a different
kind to that which he has otherwise taken. It
may be true, certainly; we must think, however,
that it is highly improbable. Having had ample
time to destroy compromising documents, it seems
scarcely to be credited that LAMORICIERE should
have allowed them to fall into the hands of the
Piedmontese. At present the avowed position of
the EMPEROR is, that he will protect Rome against
demagogues ; that he strengthens his force in con-
sequence of the revolutionary character of GARI-
BALDI'S last acts; that the Sardinian Government
is warned to respect General GoYON's military
arrangements in the vicinity of Rome, but that all
the rest of the Papal States are occupied by VICTOR
EMMANUEL. The mission of the French army is
" to make the patrimony of St. PETER respected."
How long it can or will maintain respect for one of
the clumsiest of forgeries remains to be seen; The
POPE may really flee from French bondage, and
astonish the world by the monstrous ingratitude of
escaping from his cage.

Who shall say that the Social Science Congress
is productive of no advantages ? If in nothing else
it bas had one most beneficent result in gather-
ing together, in the City Hall at Glasgow, that
astonishing assemblage of working men which
henceforth ought to render very memorable in
that great industrial capital of Scotland, Wednes-
day, the 26th of the month of September.
What said the honoured, and venerable, and illus-
trious guest of the evening, Lord BROUGHAM, in

the presence of that prodigious meeting, as he called
it ? Why, said the noble and learned ex-Chan-
cellor—" Of all the meetings that I have ever at-

tended in any part of the kingdom, and for any
purpose assembled, or with any view brought to-
gether, I have never seen anything even approach-
ing to what I now see before me." Curiously
enough, too, it had so happened that on that very
morning, towards the close of the customary pro-
ceedings of the association, Lord BROUGHAM
had incidentally echoed, after the lapse of a
very great number of years since the

time of their original utterance, some of the most
memorable and effective words that had ever fallen
from his lips—words often and often since then re-
peated by others, until they had gradually be-
come, as one may say, part and parcel of the
" household words," of the familiar phraseology, of
the common vernacular of our English multitude !
Lord BROUGHAM, then, himself repeated before the
Social Science Congress at Glasgow on the 26th

September, 1860, a declaration, which (said he
" now many years—l wont say how many—l took
occasion to make in the House of Commons, a decla-
ration (added his lordship) which has been much
remembered and much cited since, namely, that the
Schoolmaster was abroad!" And Lord BROUGHAM,
in repeating those well-remembered words on Wed-
nesday, towards the close of that day'a proceed-
ings of the Social Science Association, in reite-
rating again in his old age the avowal
first articulated long and long ago in his earlier
prime as Mr. BROUGHAM—viz., that with the
schoolmaster with his primer he would meet the sol-
dier armed with his bayonet—Lord BROUGHAM, we
say, after echoing his own renowned enunciation of
this great truth on Wednesday morning, curiously
enough observed then and there—" But I will now
add another declaration—a phrase also embodying
a fact, and an important fact; but I fear not of so
hopeful a nature as the other. If the schoolmaster
is abroad, the workmaster is also abroad, and he
counteracts the schoolmaster, which I have no fear
of the soldier doing." Sir JAMES KAY SHUTTLE-
WORTH had but just then closed his very able ad-
dress upon " The Correlation of Moral and Physical
Forces," when Lord BROUGHAM remarked as we
have here quoted, adding—" And I would entreat
the attention of our friend Sir JAMES and his
department to this great problem, to solve if
they can this problem, and if they cannot give
a solution to it, to give an approximation as
to how the effects produced by the workmaster in
impeding the schoolmaster can best be removed, and
how the children's parents can be weaned from
the inclination to keep their children from school,
in order to gain a little by their labours." This
assuredly is one of the most vitally important pro-
blems of Social Science yet requiring solution
at the hands of our philosophic philanthropists.
And the vital import of it was further emphasized
on the evening of that very day, Wednesday the 26th
September, by the gathering together in the City
Hall of Glasgow of that " prodigious meeting" of
working men which, we have seen, Lord BROUGHAM
deliberately pronounce to have been never
others present, both
equalledHap pili his
yn
therreecivolelercetion.
many
in the morning and in the evening of Wednesday,
besides natives of these favoured islands of ours,
Englishmen, Irishmen, and Scotchmen—above all
there were present gifted and observant French-
men like M. DESMARET and M. GARNIER
PAGES —to witness that wonderful assem-
blage of our working men, and to listen
to the words addressed to those working-men by
their fellow-labourer, Lord BROUGHAM. Conspicu-
ous among all the words of wisdom fraught with
encouragement, articulated on Wednesday evening
by the illustrious ex-Chancellor, were those flowing
spontaneously from the casual ejaculations conse-
quent upon Lord BROUGHAM'S reference to the
elimination of all error by FULL AND FREE DISCUS-
SION, " which, said the noble and learned lord,
"blessed be Heaven, in this country we enjoy to
absolute perfection !" Would to GOD that solemn
exclamation of Lord BROUGHAM'S could resound
with its full significance over Europe ! Would to
GOD those words of his, and those words of his
almost immediately following them, could rever-
berate trumpet-toned far and wide over all the
nations of the neighbouring Continent. Those
words in which Lord BROUGHAM said -- not
in " unseemly exultation " in our own
ragard, but prayer fiklly, as ono might
say in the hope of the diffusion of these great
blessings among all races of men, but especially
and in the first instance among, all races of our
fellow Christians. "Happily we [we English]
have it in every way"—this unrestricted freedom of
discussion ! "In Parliamext," said Lord BROUGHAM,
" absolutely unrestrained ! . . . Through the Press,
absolutely free! . In Publie Meetings, without
the shadow of pretence that any one has a right,