The Sun.
London, England, 1856-10-14 00:00:00

politan branch), and ther e could be no doubt that
she would on the earlie, it opportunity avail her-
self of the power which he :had placed in her hands.

The restoration to Can:MINA of all her ill-
gotten gains—even the bri; aging back of that busy
intriguer—was not sufficiei it to arrest his down-
fall. NAR'rAEZ bid highor for Royal favour, and
the natural result followed, as a matter of course.
O'DONNELL has been disc ;raced, and NARVAEZ
commissioned to constitute, a new Cabinet in place
of that so recently constri toted by O'DONNELL.

The following program ale of the new Adminis-
xation has already been 7put forward, viz. :

NARVAEZ I)rosident of the Council.
‘c PLDAL 'Ec.reign Affairs.
‘‘ SEIJAS ft!inance.
NOCEDAL 1 nterior.
" ARASOIiI .. Tustice.
URBISTONDO
LERSIINDI

In addition to the, above, General SANZ has
been appointed Capta4m-General of Madrid ; and
General PEZUELA Di) metor of Cavalry.

From the above 'it will bt seen that the quasi
constitution is virtually subverted, and that
Absolutism is now paramount at Madrid. Under
different circumstances we might have antici-
pated some demomstration throughout the country.
Bat no Liberal -would think of taking up arms,
or making the ulighest effort iu favour of O'DoN-
NELL. By his conduct on the 14th July and
the following days, he had forfeited every claim
to public confidence, and the avowed antagonism
of NARTAEZ wi)uld justly be esteemed as prefer-
able to the pretended friendship of O'DONNELB.
We know not bow the present movement will
be received by' the French EMPEROR. It was
more than hinted that his Ambassador, the Mar-
quis DE TT:MOOT exercised no trivial influence in
bringing O'DoNNELL into power, and his conduct
was shortly afterwards not merely approved, but
applauded, in a semi-official article in the Moniteur,
which spoke of the affair as " affording a favour-
able chance for establishing a constitutional (!)
Government on a firm basis and hailed with
sympathy a change of a nature to consolidate the
throne of ItARELLA 1" It also gave " credit to
Marshal O'DoNNELL for having attempted, with-
out a coup d'etat (0, to restore order to Spain,
the first and indispensable basis of liberty," and
expressed an earnest hope that it would " put an
end to those coups d'etat and to those baneful
pronunoiamentos." What, then, will the Moniteur
and its Imperial Director now say to the present
movement, will it witness the overthrow of its
'Meg* with sincere gratification ?—will it con-
sider the appointment of NARiPAEZ and the re-
turn of XLRIA CHRISTINA as affording a further
" favourable chance of establishing a constitu-
tional Government on a favourable basis," or
"hail it with sympathy" as " a change of a
nature to consolidate the throne of ISABELLA ?"

Nous verrons. Time will tell. At present it
is indeed difficult to anticipate the policy of the
Imperial 'Cabinet. As to O'DoNNELL's over-
throw, we predicted it abiniM9. It was inevitable;
and the access to power of NARTAEL was what
naturally followed the next turn of the wheel.
O'DormuL had paved the way for the triumph
of his rival.

There is another Eastern difficulty on the Utpis.
We are actually at war at this moment ! Many
will be startled at the announcement ; but, for
the time being at least, there are no grounds for
Notions apprehensions. Our opponent at
present is only Persia, and the power of the
Sarum is not of a very formidable character.
When, laowever, we look more closely to the
origin of the dispute, the political horizon be-
comes darker, the prospect more inauspicious.
We see that there is more in it than meets the
eye at a mere casnp,l inspection, and that there
are serious complications "looming in the future"
that may possibly involve England in a great war,
in which she will have to put forth all her energies,
and make the most strenuous exertions.

The seizure of Herat, either by Persia or with
Persian connivance and encouragement (the true
state of affairs is not very accurately known), is
the foundation of the dispute. The readers of
The Sun will recollect that, while the allied troops
were in the Crimea, the seizure of Herat was
noticed and commented on in our columns, and
at the time it appeared as if the movement had
taken place under Russian inspiration, and that
the Semen had lent himself as an instrument to
promote the views of his dangerous neighbour.
Taken, per se, Herat was of no great importance,
but it had been by some persons regarded as the
key to India, which any overland invader would
have to occupy before he could venture on a
movement in advance. Under these circumstances
the British Government had thought proper to
deelare it to be the property of its quondam
opponent, DOST MAROMET, and to guarantee
its possession to him. We are now called
on to redeem the improvident pledge, and
Ragland is required to make war on Persia in
order to secure DOST MAHOMET the restoration of
the disputed territory. The matter would. be
easy enough but for the distance, "It is a far
cry to Herat"—not less than 700 or 800 miles
from the nearest point on the sea coast where a
British expedition could be landed !

This is certainly an impediment of no ordinary
magnitude to our valorous aspirations. Before
we undertake au expedition to Herat we may
well pause to count the coat, to see by what ex-
penditure of men and money our object can be
attained. It is much easier to enter into war
than to extricate ourselves therefrom. Taking
the matter in even the most favourable point of
view, and supposing that Russia should observe a
strict and bona fide neutrality, what should we
have to pay for our support of the illustrious
Dost ? This is an important question, that
should be clearly
and unequivocally answered
before we suffer ourselves to be inextricably in-
volved .

It may be said that the step is taken for the
security and protection of India, and that the
expenses thereof are to be defrayed by the Anglo-
Indian Government 1 This is all very well so
far as it goes. But who should bo the paymaster if
the Indian revenues proved deficient The pro-
prietors
of Eastllndia Stock must receive a certain
fixed sum, for a limited period, whether there be
a surplus or a deficiency in the Indian Exchequer.
All other necessary expenses must be provided
for under any circumstances. It is, therefore, a
distinction without a difference, to speak of the
',far being carried on at the cost of the East India
Company. It is about the same as if a
man congratulated himself on taking money
out of his right hand, in plage of out of his
left hand pocket. As yet we aro not moving
upon Herat. That absurdity is wanting But
an expedition of 10,000 men, with all its con-
comitants, is to be despatched to seize upon an
Island—Karrack—in the Persian Gulf, with the
avowed intention of attacking the port of Bushiro,
should the demonstration fail inbringing the ScHAzi
to his senses. Or, in other words, should Rus-
sia be desirous of obtaining English capital, for
the establishment of twenty steam-vessels, ready
to be converted into ships of war, and for

the construction of a line of military railways
throughout its dominions before it flings
away the scabbard. If we wanted to check
Russia, we should have done so while she
lay at our mercy. We should have anticipated
the Herat difficulty before the ratification of the
Precious Treaty ! As it is, we have obtained a
brief armistice, at the price of transferring the
contest from the place Where it could be con-
ducted on the most favourable terms to ourselves
to another selected by the enemy. This does not
exhibit much wisdom, or enable us to look with
satisfaction at the policy of our rulers. It is to
be regretted that Parliament is not sitting ; but
it is therefore the more incumbent on public
journalists to warn the community of the impend-
ing danger.

England never probably before took so much
interest as just now in a Transatlantic election ;
the political news by each steamer is read with
as much avidity as the commercial advises---in-
deed, by the great majority of readers, with
much more. Every one of us hero is hoping for
FREMONT'S success, and it may be safely stated
that the sole and single cause of this, is our interest
in that, to assert which the States foreswore their
mother country, namely— that all men are
born equal and independent. A truth, never-
theless, in which the Old country now
carries out immeasurably further than the
Naw one. The hour of decision is at hand,
and the 4th of November will decide the mo-
mentous question whether slaveholders or free-
men are to rule the great Republic. By the
middle of that month, or little after, we may
expect to hear whether the stripes or the stars
have triumphed ; to hear which is destined even-
tually to obliterate the other—the emblem from
the earliest days of blessings dawning upon earth,
or the emblem which must have been added by
that curse of his species, the man-stealer.
Notwithstanding all the hopeful signs of
the present we fear the worst. We see
and rejoice in the spirit aroused in the
North ; and we see what we think would
arouse Englishmen, to rout slaveholders as
they did the Lords on the Reform Bill, and the
landlords on the Corn Laws. But, and we say
it deliberately, we fear Americans have lost
much of that unselfish determined courage which
distinguishes our countrymen. In the first place,
their moral and religious principle has been
thoroughly sapped by slavery. The freemen of
the North itself have long kept a guilty conscience;
they have yielded and compromised, and compro-
mised and yielded on the slave question till they
are ashamed to own by a practical step that they
have taken hitherto a mean and unprincipled
course. Their ministers of religion are worse
than their laymen, and from asking for mercy
for slaveholders they have come to cite the
Gospel itself in their favour. Then they have
acquired for the poor negro the hatred of the
wrong-doer for his victim. Themselves a
white skinned population from the Old World,
they detest their darker-skinned brethren, im-
ported by compulsion, after having enriched
themselves by their labours. They will not walk,
nor eat, or travel, or even worship their common
MAILER with them. They treat them, while living,
as Bishops here do Dissenters when dead. Hence
their interest in the oppressed of the man-stealers
is without the inspiration of a generous philan-
thropy—without just that inspiration which de-
termined at any cost to emancipate our own West
India slaves. Then, again, the North is as used
to defeat as the South to triumph. Outnumbering
the Southerns, non-slaveholders included, three
to one, they have yet always been threshed.
They have sold themselves for their mortgages on
Southern estates, and for fear of Southern
threats. If beaten now, it will be but one
more addition to a score defeats, and it will
seem something quite in due course, for a Yankee
to knock under to a Southern.

On the other hand, he of the cat-o'-nine-tails,
the bowie knife and the revolver, has everything
to lose. A retreat from Kansas will be a retreat
from Moscow. He has also his honour as con-
queror to maintain, while his opponent has no
honour to lose. His property in the bodies and
souls of men is pretty directly at stake, while the
Northern is affected only indirectly. He stands
up with the consciousness of absolute lordship,
and talks as a monarch ; the poor Yankee is mas-
ter of nothing but his own bedy, and talks of dol-
lars only, while the other boasts of his hundreds
of implicitly obedient subjects. It is astonishing
to notice the Royal and Imperial tone of the
men of the South, and the meek recognition
of supremacy by the men of the North. The
very look of the slay eholding aristocracy seems to
intimidate the plebs of the North as tho human
eye is said to intimidate the lion. How easy for
the latter to crush the former—but the LBGREE
fixes his glance, and the Yankee—the " blue
belly" as it seems the Southerner elegantly calls
him—quails ! We fear very much this reciprocal
prestige and awe.

It is true Governor RBEDER and Mr. Speaker
BANKS bare endoavo ured to work on the fears o
the New Yorkers. The former has pointed out
the infallible consequences of their being girdled
around by slave states, and the immense
annual overflow from their rapidly increas-
ing population being confined within their
present limits. And Mr. BANKS has forcibly
illustrated the great naval and military cost
they must incur if they go on annexing Cuba and
the Isthmus, as BIICIIA.NAN and slaveholders re-
quire, since they cannot hopo to retain them
without rivalling at sea the great naval Powers
of Europe. There should be much in these argu-
ments, but we fear certain calculations about
cotton-bags and dollars, and narrow prejudices,
and cowardice of the kind we have alluded to, will
outweigh them with the many. Perhaps the
most dangerous fact is, that the slaveholders are
united to a man, and compel all the non-slave-
holding whites in the South, who are nine times
more numerous than themselves, to unite with
them. The much-heard-of Missourian border
ruffian bands aro all composed of these non-slave-
holding " miserable whites." Everything in the
South is subordinated to retaining their iniqui-
tous predominance ; 150,000 slaveholders and
6,000,000 non-slaveholders act as one man. In the
North, on the contrary, the Free State men have a
hundred party distinctions, and men at New
York, can make a great display for FILLMORE,
while their very position is in danger of being
turned by the enemy.

And lastly comes in the very mode of election,
for the Presidency. It is not a direct election,
but an election by delegates, and if no candidate
has an absolute majority of .he delegates the
House of Representatives has the choice of a Pre-
sident. The members of the House do not, how-
ever, vote individually, but in states ; New York,
with its thirty-three representatives, would have
but one vote in the house. Now, as the present
house was elected before the present excitement,
there is little doubt that it would either elect
1317,411ArtArr, or contest the point till, by an-
other regulation the election would fall to
the Senate, who would, of course, choose
a slavery man. As things now stand the