The Sun.
London, England, 1860-03-29 00:00:00

HER MAJESTY'S LEVEE.

Her Majesty the Queen held a levee yesterday afternoon
in St. James's Palace.
The following presentations to the Queen took place :
Mr. Adam, M.P., by Lord John Russell.
Captain A. W. Asitir, by Colonel R. A. Shafto Adair.
Lieut.-General Sir J. Aitchison, by his Royal Highness
the Duke of Cambridge.
Lieut. G. Airey, by General 'Wesley.
Captain Alston, by Brigadier-General Russell.
Mr. H. St. Vincent Ames, by, Sir W. Miles, M.P.
Commander A. P. Arkwright, R.N., by the Duke of
Somerset.
Sir W. G. Armstrong, C. 8., by the Secretary of State
for the War Department.'
Mr. E. Montagu Baillie, by Lord John Russell.
Lieut. G. Bannister, by the Secretary of State for
Lieut. P. D. Barclay, by Col. C. Bingham.
Mr. E. B. Barker, by Lord John Russell.
Mr. 0. T. Barlow, by the Earl of Elgin.
Sir R. Barnewall, by Lord Trimleston.
Dr. T. Barrett, Mayor of Bath, by Mr. Tite, M.P.
Captain Barry, by Major-General Sir M. Creagh.
The Rev. J. M. Bartlett, by Mr. George Potts, M.P.
Lieut. D. W. Becher, by General Sir George Pollock.
Lieut. H. J. Bell, by Viscount Sydney.
Lieut. J. L. Bell, by Cel. C. Bingham.
Colonel Bent, by his Royal Highness the Duke of Cam-

bridge.
Ensign J. M. Benthall, by Col. C. Kennedy.
Captain S. C. B. Bivar, by Major-General Watkins.
Captain Blackett, by General Sir George Brown.
Mr. T. E. Blackwell (Montreal), by the Duke of New-
castle.
Capt. J. Bleaymire, by the Secretary of State for Inditt.
Lieut. J. Blockley, by Lieut.-Colonel Lord Colville.•
Sir John Bowring, by the Duke of Newcastle.
Mr. Bradford, by Major-General Sir H. D. Jones.
The Earl of Brecknock, by the Marquis Camden.
Mr. J. J. Broadwood, by the Duke of Richmond.
Lieut. H. M. Bromley, by the Secretary of State for

Lieut.-General Sir T. Brothertou, by the Duke of Cam-
bridge.

Lieut. W. E. D. Broughton, by the Secretary of State
for India.
General Sir George Brown, by the Duke of Cambridge.
Major P. A. Brown, by the Secretary of State for India.
Lieut.-Col. Browne, by Major-General Wesley.
Vice-Admiral Bruce, by the Duke of Sonierset.
Capt. R. Williams Bulkeley, by Sir R. W. Bulkeley.
Major Buchanan, by Lieut.-General Sir J. F. Love.
Dr. A. Bryson, R.N., by the Duke of Somerset.
Cornet Thomas Williams Bulkeley, by Sir R. Williams
Bulkeley.
- Sir Arthur Buller, M.P., by Sir Charles Wood.
Mr. Peter Burke, by the Lord Chamberlain.
Lieut.-Col. A. Butler, by Viscount Lismore.
Lieut. H. Campbell, R.N., by the Duke of Somerset.
Major-Gon. tho Earl of Cardigan, K.C.8.; by the Mar-
quis of Ailesbury.
The Earl Cathcart, by the Earl of Eglinton.
Lieut. H. Cautloy, by Gon. Sir J. F. Burgoyne.
Commander IV. C. Chapman, R.N., by the First Lord
of the Admiralty.

Lieut. A. H. Chapman, by the Secretary of State for
India.

Lieut.-Col. the Hon. R. Chartoris, by the Duke of Cam-

bridge.
Major E. Chippindall, by the Duke of Cambridge.
Commander H. Christian, by the Duke of Somerset.
Lieut. R. W. Chute, by Col. C. Bingham.
Captain Campbell Clark, by the Secretary of State for
India.

Lieut. S. C. Clarke, by Gen. Sir J. F. Burgoyne.
Captain the Hon. G. H. W. Clive, by Colonel Ridley.
Colonel Cooper, by the Duke of Cambridge.
Captain R. Coote, R.N., by Vice-Admiral H. W. Bruce.
Lieut. W. H. Collins, by General Sir J. F. Burgoyne.
Mr. E. Colquhoun, byLord John Russell.
Sir George Colthurst, by the Earl of CorlF.
Mr. C. J. Cox, by his uncle, Major-Gen. Sir F. Abbott.
Lieut.-Col. T. R. Crawley, by the Duke of Cambridge.
Major-Gen. Sir M. Creagh, by the Duke of Cambridge.
Mr. J. P. Currie, by the Right Hon. W. E. Gladstone.
Col. D'Aguilar, by the Duke of Cambridge.
Col. J. H. E. Dalrymple, by the Duke of Cambridge.
Lieut. P. Dauncey, by Lord Audley.
Lieut.-Gen. Sir H. F. Davie, by the Duke of Cambridge.
Lieut.-Col. Daubeney, by the Duke of Cambridge.
Brevet-Major Dawson, by the Duke of Cambridge.
Captain Deedes, by the Duke of Cambridge.
Captain A D. Denniss, by Gen. Sir G. Pollock.
Ensign H. F. Dent, by Col. Chas. Bingham.
Lieut.-Col. Hon. D. F. de Ros, by Field-Marshal Vis-
count Corabermere, G.C.B.
Col. Dick, by the Duke of Cambridge..
Major A. Dinning, by the Secretary of Stat.) for India.
Dr. Domenichetti, by the Duke of Newcastle.
Mr. Wm, Doria, by Lord John Russell.
Major-Gen. Hon. A. A. Dalzell, by the Duke of Cam-
bridge. •
Dr. T. R. Dunn, R.N., by the Duke of Somerset.
Ensign A. D. Eden, by Major-Gen. W. H. Eden.
Mr. E. Egerton, by Lord Egerton of Tatton.
Mr. W, H. Elliott, by the Secretary of State for India.
Ensign T. G. Ebrington, by Col. Ridley.
Lieut. A. Featherstonbaugh, by Gen. Sir J. F. Burgoyne.
Captain J. P. Field, by Lieut.-Col. Lord Colville.
Cornet T. P. H. M. Filgate, by Lieut.-Col. R. Knox.
Mr. Fletcher, by the Duke of Richmond,

Ensign D. Forbes, by Viseourit Sidney.
Lieutenant A. Ford, by Col. Bingham.
Col. Fraser, by. the Right Hon. Sidney Herbert.
Lieut. Hon. H. T. Fraser, by the Duke of Cambridge.
Lieut. G. G. H. Fulton, by the Secretary of State for India
Dr. Gordon, brthe Duke of Cambridge.
Capt. A. W. Garnett, by the Right Hon. Sir C. Wood.
Ensign R. B. R. Glasgow, by the Earl of Eglinton.
Mr. G. Gronfell Glyn, by Lord de Grey. -
Sir F. H. Goldsmid, by Mr. Monekton Milnes.
Commander H. D. Grant, R.N., by the Duke of Somerset.
Sir G. Grey, Governor of the Cape, by the Duke of New-
castle.
Sub Lieut. A. W. F. Greville, by Viscount Combermere.
,Lieut.-Col. Hadfield, by Major-General Wesley.
Lieut. A. B. Haig, by General Sir J. F. Burgoyne.
Col. E. Blagden Hale, by the Duke of Cambridge.
Lieut. F. C. H. Hallett, by Col. C. Bingham.
Dr. J. B. Hamilton, by General Eden.
Rev. G. Harter, by Col. Gilpin, M.P.
Major Harman, by the Secretary of State for War:
Major W. D. Harris, by the Secretary of State for India.
Lieut.-Col. B. Harrison, by the Duke of Cambridge.
Mr. F. Harvey, by Lord John Russell.
Lord Hastings, by Viscount Bary.
Capt: R. Decy Hassard, by Ms. 'Hassan', M.P.
Lieut. H. Hawkes, R.N., by the Hon. Dudley Ward.
Lieut. G. S. Hawthorn, by the,Right Hon. Sir C. Wood.
Col. Leith Hay, by the Duke of Cambridge.
Mr. Angelo C. Hayter; by his lather, Sir George Hayter.
Lieut. W. 3; Heaviside, by Geaeral Sir J. F. Burgoyne.
Lieut. A. J. Hopper, by Genetal Sir J. F. Burgoyne.
Dr. J. Hilliard, by the Seerebvy of State for India.
Lieut. E. C. Hilton, by Col. C B. Daubeney.
Lieut.-Col. Mule, by the Dube of Cambridge.
Lieut. Hook, by Major-Genertt Hon. C. Grey.
Lieut. Hoare, by the Deputy Adjutant-General.
Lieut. T. W. Hogg, by the Right Hon. Sir C:lVeid:
Captain G. W. Holmes, by Col. Francis Seymour,
Lieut. T. Howard, by. Gen. Sir J. F. Burgoyne.
Mr. D. Hoyle, by Lieut.-Colonel C. Stuart.
Lieut. G. Hughes, by Col. Lloyd Watkins, M.P.
Major G. Hume, by the Right Hon. Sidney Herbert.
Lieut. H. Hunter, by Lieut.-Colonel Burnaby.
Mr. J. H. Ker Ines, by the Duke of Cambridge. •
Captain G. E. Jarvis, by Lieut.-Colonel R. Knox.
Major Jervis, by Gen. Sir G. Brown.
Captain R. Johnson, by Mr. J. C. Ewart, M.P.
Captain L. Jones, by Major-General P. Taylor.
Hydur Jung Behadoor, by the Right Hon. Sir C. Weal.
Mr. T. H. Kavanagh, V.C., by the Right 'Hon. Sidney
Herbert.
Major Hon. F. Keane, by the Duke of Cambridge.
Lieut. Viscount Kilcoursie, Hero, by the Duke
of Somerset.
Captain F. Kingseote, by 'Gen. Sir G. Brown.
Colonel E. King, by the Duke of Cambridge.
Lieut. F. W. Knight, by Sir C. Rowley.
Ensign E. B. K. Licen, by his father, Sir E. H. E.
Lacon.

Lieut.•• Colonel F. Lambton, on promotion, by the Duke
of Cambridge.
Hon. and Rev. G. B. Legge, by the Earl of Dartmouth.
Ensign. Hon. C. G. Legge, by the Earl of Dartmouth.
Captain T. Leith, by Sir C. R. M'Grigor.
Lieut. C. Levett, by Brigadier-General Russell.
Lord Llanover, by Viscount Palmerston.
Lieut. E. M. Lloyd, by Gen. Sir J. F. Burgoyne.
Dr. Logan, by the Duke of Cambridge.
Commander Lowther, R.N,, by the Duke of Somerset.
Lieut.-Col. R. Luard, by the Secretary of Statefor War.
Second Lieut. E. H. B. Lysons, by Col. Lysons,
Sir J. Macandrew, by the Duke of Cambridge.
Major Gen. Day H. Macdowall, by the Duke of Cam-
bridge.
Lieut. A. C. C. Mackenzie, by Sir J. F. Burgoyne.
Lieut. J. Cosmo Macpherson, by Sir J. F. Burgoyne.
Lieut. P. H. Macnaghten, by the Secretary of State for
India.

Lieut.-Col. M'Donald, by the Duke of Cambridge.
Lieut. J. M'Loughlin, by Mr. Pollard Urquhart.
Lieut. E. Mather, by Major-Gen. the Hon. C. Grey.
Major-Gen. Matheson, by Sir J. Matheson.
Capt. Maund, by Col, L. Watkins, M.P.
Lieut. J. May, by the Secretary of State for India.
Lieut. J. T. B. Mayne, by Mr. C. Mayne.
Col. G. Mayow, by the Lord Chamberlain.
Brevet Major Meara, by the Deputy-Adjutant-General.
Lieut. C. H. Mecham, Hodson's Horse, by the Secretary
of State for India.
Col. Melvill, by the Secretary of State for India.
Lieut. E. Micklem, by Gen. Sir J. F. Burgoyne.
Lieut. .Col. B. Milman, by Lieut.-Gen. Sir T.Brotherton
Lieut. E. S. Milman, by the Secretary of State for India.
Mr. T. Molson (Montreal), by the Duke of Newcastle.
Mr. H. Morgan, by Col. L. Watkins, M.P.
Lieut.-Col. C. Morris, by the Right Hon. S. Herbert.
Capt. A. Morrogh, by Viscount Castlerosse.
Assistant-Surgeon A. B. R. Myres, by Col. Ridley.
Capt. E. D. Naas, by Sir R. W. Bulkeley, M.P.
Lieut.-Col. St. John Neale, by Lord J. Russell.
Major Nelson. by the Secretary of state for War.
Major H. Nichol], by Gen. Sir G. Pollock.
Lieut. G. A. ,Noyes, by Col. C. Binrham.
Capt. E. Ommanney, by the Duke of Somerset.
Lieut. W. 11. O'Shea, by Lieut. •Col. Knox.
Sub-Lieut. H. J. R, Osborn, by Field-Marshal Viscount
Combermere.
Lieut. C. H. Palliser, by the Secretary of State for India.
Lieut. H. G. Palmer, by Col. C. Bingham.
Mr. Parbury, by Field-Marshal Viscount Combermere.
Lieut. W. H. Patton, by Gen. Sir. J. F. Burgoyne.
Major Gen. Lord W. Paulet, by the Duke of Cambridge.
Lieut.-Col. Poacocke, by the Duke of Cambridge.
Lieut. W. E. Peck, by Gen. Sir J. F. Burgoyne.
Lieut. R. P. Pennefather, by Lieut.-Gen. Sir J. Penne-
father.
Mr. 0. G. 0. Perrott, by Major-Gen. Sir L. Lovell.
Lieut. T. Phillips, by Lieut.-Col. C. It. Knox.
Cornet C. Phillips, by Major K. Mackay.
Capt. J. Pope, by Earl do Grey and Ripon.
Capt. B. Potts, by Lieut.- Col. Lord Colville.
Mr. George Theophilus Robert Preston, by the Earl of
Ellesmere.
Lieut. A. Prinsep, by the Secretary of State for India.
Second Master Thomas R. T. Quinn, R.N., bythe Duke
of Somerset.
Mr. Delme Radcliffe, by Lord Charles Russell.
Colonel Julius Raines, C. 8., by the Duke of Cambridge.
Lieut. E. C. W. Raynsford, by the Secretary of State for
India.
Mr. Julius Reuter, by 'Viscount Palmerston.
Ensign John W. Rhodes, by the Lord Chamberlain.
Ensign Desmond F. F. Richardson, by the Earl de Grey
and Ripon.
Mr. Charles Rigby, by the Lord Chamberlain.
Dr. Theobald Ringer, by the Secretary of State for India.
Mr. Robertson, of Ladykirk, M.P., by the Right Hon,
Sir George Grey, Bart.
Mr. Brooke Robertson, by Lord John Russell.
Mr. J. W. Robertson, by her Majesty's Secretary of
State for India.
Lieut. James Jameson Robertson, by General Sir John
F. Burgoyne.
Lieut. Henry [Robinson, by General Sir John F. Bur-
goyne.

- Lieut. 11. C. Itoweroft, by General Sir John F. Bur-
goyne.

Ensign F. P. Rowley, by tha Secretary of State for India.
Major-General Rumley, by His Royal higness the Duke
of Cambridge.
Brigadier-General David Russell, by his Royal Highness
the Duke of Cambridge.
Captain Russell, by Lieut.-General Sir Frederick Love.
Lieut. Christopher J. Russell, by General Sir John F.
Burgoyne.
Captain G. B Rutherford, by the Duke of Somerset..
Lieut. H. T. T. Sandes, by Colonel Charles Bingham.
Lieut. D. Sangster, by the Secretary of State for India.
Lieut. G. Sartorius, by Vice-Admiral Sir G. R. Sartorius.
Lieut. R. Sartorius, by Vice-Admiral Sir G. R. Sartorius.
Lieut. Joseph Henry Satterthwaite, by General Sir John

F. Burgoyne.
Mr. Francis Walker Savage, by Vice-Admiral Bruce.
Lieut. 11. B. Savory, by Lieut.-General Sir Thomas
Brotherton.
Lieut. P. Schack, by Colonel Charles Bingham.
Mr. Thomas Lawrence Seecombe, by the Secretary of
•
State for India.
Mr. Frederick Seymour, by the Duke of Newcastle.
Lieut.-Colonel Simpson, C. 8., by the Duke of Cambridge.
Ensign B. Sinner, by Colonel Kennedy, C.B.
Lieul. John 11. Smith, by General Sir John P. Burgoyne.
Capt. J. G. Sparke, by the Right Hon. Sir Chas. Wood.
Lieut. F. P. Spragge, by General Sir J. F. Burgoyne.
Cornet Thomas Astell St. Quintin, by the Duke of
Cambridge.
Capt. W. Stacpoole, M.P., by Colonel Vandeleur, M.P.
Major Henry Miles Stapylton, by Lieut.-General Sir
henry Ferguson Davies, Bart., M.P,
Licut. J. Stewart, by the Secretary of State for India.
Lieut. J. C. Stewart, by the Secretary of State for India.
Mr. William Ramsay Stuart, by Lieut.-General Sir
Frederick Smith, K.H.
Major-General Stuart, by the Duke of Cambridge.
Hon. William Stuart, by Lord John Russell.
Lieut. G. Strahan, by Gen. Sir John F. Burgoyne.
Mr. Leopold Victor Swaine, by Earl de Grey and Ripon,
Lieut. Sweney, by Major -Gen. Wesley.
Lieut. Peter G. Tarbet, by Gen. Sir John P. Burgoyne.
Major-Gen. Pringle Taylor, K. 11., by Major-Gen. Sir
Michael Creagh,
Lieut.-Col. A. Taylor, by the Right Hon. Sir Charles
Wood, Bart., G.C.B.
Lieut.-Col. Thackwell, by the Lord Chaniberlain.
The Rev. Dr. Thomson, by the Lord Chr,mberlain.
Capt. E• Tierney, by the Secretary of Slate for India.

The CHAIRMAN called upon the Secretary to
read the directors' report, which was as follows :

" The present meeting is convened for the election of
directors and auditors, and for general purposes, in accord-
ance with the Deed of Settlement and Bye-laws of the.
society. The directors have the pleasure to submit the
audited accounts for the past year, together with a state•
merit of assets duly verified. The books arid general ac-
counts are also produced for inspection of the members.
During the year, 369 life policies were issued for assurances
amounting to £126,381, producing £4,131 75. 6d. new pre-
miums; which: together with £22,516 19s. sd. renewal
premiums, and £4,051 16s. 4d. interest on investments,
makes the total income of the society for the year en ding Dec.
31, 1859, amount to £30,750 3s. 3d. The claims (including
those not yet at maturity) amount to £6,284, in respect of 21
lives. The estimated mortality for the same period was £9,576,
or 30 per cent. in excess of the actual mortality. After pay-
ment of bonuses taken in reduction of premiums, and making
provision for outstanding claims, the sum of i 8,978 13s. is
carried to the general fund of realised assets, which now
amounts to £99,884 3s. 11d., to . meet a total net liability of
£90,308 10s., leaving a balance of £9,575 towards the fund
accruing for bonus allocation at the next triennial division
of profits. The subjoined report of the actuary gives a brief
summary of the various assurance risks in force, together
with the present liability of the society under each head.
No deduction from such liability has been made by him in
respect of the office, or surplus premiums payable on each risk,
and which he estimates at £79,883 12s. It will be re-
marked, that ho continues to base his calculations upon
the supposition that the society's funds will realise perma-
nently only 3 per cent, per annum, although from past
experience a higher rate may confidently be anticipated.
The Post-office authorities have encouragedT the extension
of life assurance among the officers of the department, by
arranging with several assurance companies for the receipt
of their premiums by such instalments as may suit the
convenience of those employed under them. They like.
wise contribute, from a fund in hand, a portion of the pre-
miums, averaging 20 per cent. These advantages are
limited to assurances effected with the offices named in the
Postmaster-General's list, which, it is gratifying to state,
includes the Reliance and East of England. Special tables
have been prepared for this service. The directors retiring
by rotation are—J. W. Egerton Green, George Whitmore,
George Frederick Harris, and John Ledger, Esquires, who,
being eligible, offer themselves for re, election. The retiring
auditor is Dr. Ably, Regius Professor of Law at Cambridge.
As this gentleman is ineligible for re-election, until he shall
have been out of office one whole year, Mr. Edward White, a
member duly qualified, who has formerly served the office,
has been proposed as a candidate, and will be submitted to
the meeting accordingly. The directors take this opportu-
nity of acknowledging the valuable . assistance received from
several policy-holders in promoting the business of the so-
ciety, and they will gladly welcome similar exertions from
the general body of members."
REPORT OF THE ACTUARY TO THE
DIRECTORS.

" Gentlemen,—l beg to submit herewith detailed valua-
tions of the business on the books of the society upon the
31st of December last, the summary of which is as fol-
lows :=

GENERAL ASSURANCE.
2,110 policies, assuring £797,014, including
bonus additions, net liability .. £72,061 0 0
INDUSTRIAL ASSURANCE.

908 policies, assuring £14,434 net liability 559 12 0

ANNUITIES, IMMEDIATE AND DEFERRED.
91 policies, assuring 14,310 on various
contingencies, net liability .. 17,687 13 0

3,139 policies. Total net liability £90,308 10 0
The present estimated value of the margin or surplus pre-
miums not included in the above valuation, but to be
brought to account as realised, and forming, if I may be
allowed the expression, a prospective Bonus Fund,' is
£79,883 12s. On the present occasion, as at our last tri-
ennial investigation, I have assumed 3 per cent, as a per-
manent rate interest for improvement of the society's
funds, but the average interest actually realised for several
years past having exceeded 4-per cent., some advantage may
be looked to on this head for the society and its participa-
ting members. —I have the honour to be, with sincere re-
spect, gentlemen, your very obedient servant,
"E. OSBORNE SMITH, Actuary.
" London, March 5, 1860."
The CHAIRMAN, having expressed the regret of
the board that serious illness detained Mr. Prinsep
from attending the meeting, in moving the adop-
tion of the report, congratulated the members of
the society most sincerely upon the circumstance
that the business of the office during the past year
had been one of the most successful prosperity.
That was a point on which it was unnecessary for
him to say more, for, as a mutual society, they
were equally interested in its success. The claims
during the past year had not, he was happy
to inform them, come up to the amount
which had been calculated upon, having been only
£6,000, whereas, according to their tables, they
had a right to expect that they would have reached
£B,OOO during the year. Still he would not
be dealing fairly with them if he did not also
state that the claims, although less than what had
been anticipated, were greater than in any pre-
vious year. Of the lives at present insured
in the office, 50 per cent. were under 40 years of
age ; 80 per cent. were under 50 years of age, and
only 5 per cent. exceeded 60 years of age. That
was, he considered, a healthful state of the society;
but, of course, as those lives became older, so they
(the policy holders) might expect larger claims to
come upon them. With respect to the encourage-
ment given by the Post-office authorities to their
employes to induce them to insure their lives, it
was gratifying to find that the Reliance and East
of England Office was one of those sanctioned by
the department, and although the society had not
as yet derived any direct benefit from it, he hoped
to see the movement prove a successful one, as it
would promote and foster provident habits, which,
after all, was the main object which the society had
in view. He wished, in the name of the board, to
acknowledge the great support given to them by
the policy holders. Since the amalgamation of the
two offices nothing could have gone on more suc-
cessfully. The joint board met in the greatest har-
mony every week, and conducted the business to
the satisfaction of all parties, aid they would con-
tinue to do so so long as they were supported by
their brother policy holders. As he said before,
they were a mutual society, and it was therefore
necessary that they should hang together, and, in
their'own interest, exert themselves for the benefit
of the society. If they each one brought one policy
to the office they would at the end of the next
triennial period get a bonus as good, if not better,
than that which they obtained last year.
Dr. ABDY, as one of the auditors, seconded the
motion, and in doing so observed that.he had gone
through the accounts in a very careful manner,
and he was able to state most unreservedly that all
that appeared in the report was truthful and what
could be relied upon.
The CHAIRMAN, in reply to a policyholder, stated
that there was a separate account kept of the in-
dustrial insurances, which was an experiment to
induce the working classes to give up the old bene-
fit societies. The policies, which were issued only
upon first-class lives, did not exceed £25 each, aud
the premiums were paid monthly.
The motion was then agreed to, after which the
retiring directors were re-elected. Mr. White was
elected an auditor in the room of Dr. Abdy, and the
thanks of the society voted to the medical and other
officers for the careful manner in which they per-
, formed their duties.
' Attention having been called to an attack made
upon the society in a work entitled " The Danger
of Policy-holders,"
The SECRETARY read an apology from the author
and publisher, stating that such attacks were void
of foundation.
The proceedings then terminated in the usual
manner.

3. On reviewing the statements of the Australian
press and the numerous communications from Aus-
tralia received by this committee and other persons,
all testifying to the success of the ballot in our
Australian colonies, this committee beg leave to
express their conviction that the assertions (unsup-
ported by any facts) of Mr. Chichester Fortescue,
M.P., " that the facts of the case are against the
success of the ballot, even in Australia, and that at
the last general election in Victoria the scenes that
disgraced this country were reproduced in Australia,
where corruption, intimidation, and bribery were as
rife as they ever have been in the old country," are
wholly unwarranted; and the committee beg leave
to caution their friends against being misled by an
attempt to defend a change of vote on the ballot by
an unsupported. reference to alleged official autho-

rity.
4. The committee pledge themselves to unabated
exertions to promote the cause of the ballot, of the
success of which they entertain no doubt, and they
will render to Mr. M•Evoy, M.P., every support in
their power in aid of his resolution for the ballot,
in connexion with the Irish Reform Bill, and to any
well considered motion for the ballot which may be
made in committee in the English or Scotch bills.
An address to the people of Ireland, urging them
to petition in favour of Mr. M'Evoy's motion, was
also agreed to.

INSTI2U2'ION OF CIVIL ENGINEERS.

At the meeting of the Institution of Civil Engi-
neers, on Tuesday, March 27—George P. Bideer,
Esq., President, in the chair—the paper read was
"On Combined Steam," by the Hon. John
Wethered, U.S.

It was stated that, at the present day, the great
desideratum in marine engines appeared to be to
obtain increased power, or economy in the consump-
tion of fuel, without the cammercial disadvantage
of occupying more space, by the enlargement of the
boilers and machinery. This object, it was believed,
had been attained by the application of ordinary
and superheated steam mixed. The mode adopted
in carrying out this system was to attach another
steam pipe to the boiler, for conveying the
steam to be superheated to pipes, or other contriv-
ances, placed in any convenient form near the fire,
or in the uptake, or chimney of the boiler, or in a
separate furnace ; the superheated steam being
added to the ordinary steam at, or before its en-
trance into, the cylinder. In its passage through
the superheating apparatus, that, portion of the
steam was raised, by the waste heat, to a tempe-
rature of 500 deg. or 600 deg. Fahrenheit. The
heat, thus arrested, was conveyed to, and utilised
in the cylinder, by its action on the other
portion of steam from the boiler, which was
more or less saturated, according to circum-
stances. The combined steam was used in the
cylinder at from 300 deg. to 450 deg. Fahrenheit,
instead of at the low temperature at which steam
was generally employed. The effect of using the
two kinds of steam was, that the superheated steam
yielded a portion of its excess of temperature to the
ordinary steam, converting the vesicular water,
which it always contained, into steam, and expand-
ing it several hundredfold ; whilst, at the same time,
the ordinary steam yielded a portion of its excess of
moisture, converting the steam gas into a highly
rarified elastic vapour—in other words, into pure
steam at a high temperature.
It was asserted that repeated endeavours had been
made in England, France, and America, to employ
steam simply dried, or superheated, and as often
abandoned. This plan certainly resulted in partial
economy; but owing to the high degree of tem-
perature necessary in this case, the lubricating
materials were dried up, and then the packing
lap and rubbing parts of the machinery were de-
stroyed. Moreover, when all the steam was super-
heated, the temperature of the steam in the cylin-
der was beyond the control of the engineer. It
was this difficulty which had led to the discovery
of the system of employing mixed steam, which
was entirely under control ; for by merely turning
a valve, it could be so regulated as to produce the
highest mechanical effect with the most perfect
lubrication to the slides and cylinders. Another
advantage was, that if any accident should happen
to the superheating apparatus, the cylinders could
still be supplied with plain steam alone.
A series of trials on board the R.M.S.S. Avon
had shown that the pressure in the boiler being in
all cases the same with Plain steam the result
was 1,070 I.H.P. ; with the steam from three boilers
superheated and from the fourth plain, it was 1,076
I.H.P. ; while with the steam mixed in the pro-
portions of 61 superheated and 69 plain, 1,200
I.H.P. was produced. The Lords of the Admiralty
were stated to be so well satisfied with the results
of experiments continued over 20 voyages, that
they had determined to extend the application of
the system in the Royal Navy, and 11.M.5.5.
Rhadamanthus had been ordered to be fitted with it.
Mr. A. C. Hobbs (As. Inst. C.E.), had applied it to a
high pressure boiler and engine, and Mr. Dorman had
adapted it to an engine which did not produce the
required power. The combined steam was also used
in all the steamers of the Collins line. Experiments
on board the Gibraltar showed, that super-heated
steam, at a pressure on the boiler of ions., produced
222 I.H.P. • ordinary steam, at 141bs. pressure, 307
; while combined steam, at 15Ibs. pressure,
gave 376 I.H.P.
When steam was merely superheated or dried, it
was converted into steam gas. It consequently
partook of the nature of gas, was a bad conductor Of
heat, and gave out with difficulty the heat necessary
to transform it into mechanical power. On the
other hand, mixed steam participated in the quali-
ties of steam proper and of superheated steam, and
being a pure, highly-rarified vapour, which readily
partediwith its heat, thus produced greater mecha-
nical effect.
By the application of combined steam, the follow-
ing advantages, among others, were said to be
obtained :-1. An economy of fuel of from 30 to
50 per cent. 2. A diminution of one-third in the
feed water. 3. The employment of smaller boilers
to produce the same power. 4. Facility of main-
taining any desired pressure, or of increasing it at
will in cases of emergency. 5. 'A steamer would
make a voyage one-third further with the same
weight of coals, or one-third the space now occu-
pied by the fuel might be used for freight. 6. Less
risk of explosion. 7. Boilers would last one-third
longer. 8. A better vacuum was obtained. And
9. One-third less injection water was required.

DR. MUSPRATT'S DICTIONARY OF CHEMISTRY.—This
great work is brought very nearly to a close. Seven years of
intense labour and research have been devoted to it, and, we
are sorry to learn, with no remuneration to the author, but a
fortune to the publisher. Surely Mr, Mackenzie will make
Dr. Muspratt a handsome gift next month, when the last
number is issued; if not we feel sure that the thousands of
subscribers will do something to testify their acknowledg-
ments for the benefits it has conferred upon them. The Li-
verpool Albion, in noticing No. 53 of this excellent work,
says—" This part commences with quinine, and finishes with
assays of the alloys and ores of silver. The work exhibits the
greatest research and chemical knowledge, and when con-
cluded will he a lasting monument to its author."—Mining
Journal.

No addresses were attempted by the candidates,
and the nominations were made amidst so much
noise that tie proceedings were utterly unintelli-
gible and inaudible to persons standing more than
a yard from the speakers.
The Under-Sheriff, after several vain attempts to
obtain something like silence, contrived to take a
show of hands, and amidst loud cheers from the
Liberals declared that the result was in favour of
Sir William Russell and Mr. Warner.
A poll was demanded for Mr. Lewis and Mr.
Forlonge, and will be taken this day (Thurs-
day.)
The proceedings then terminated, the hall being
cleared as quickly as it had been filled.