The Sun.
London, England, 1869-06-16 00:00:00

LAW AND POLICE.

07.INILUS NUI:SING.—In the Court of Quc, n's Bench,
on 'Monday, a case was heard in which the plaintiff sought
to recover damages for pecuniary losses occasioned by a
system of "omnibus nursing" pursiied by the defendants.
Mr. Gill, the plaintiff, started an omnibus to run from
Brixton Church to Charing Cross and Oxford Circus. The
defendants, who were omnibus proprietors on the same
route, began " nursing" the plaintiff's oncnibus, one of
their vehicles constantly following or preceding it, so as to
interfere seriously with his business. Subsequently the
plaintiff ran another omnibus from Brixton to the Bank,
which was subjected to similar treatment. In the end he
was compelled to give up running his omnibuses, after
heavy pecuniary loss, in consequence, he alleged, of the
defendants' conduct. The case was not concluded.
A POINT OF Liw.—lu the Exchequer Chamber an
action was tried a day or two since for breach .4 contract.
The defendant, being mortgagee with a power of sale,
agreed to sell a certain property to the plaintiff, and the
plaintiff resold it at a profit of £lO5. He could not, however,
get the mortgagor to join in the conveyance nor to give
up possession, and there was a breach of the contract.
The question was whether the plaintiff was entitled to
recover his loss upon the resale. The court thought the
plaintiff was entitled to the difference in the marketable
value of the. property in addition.to the sum he had agreed
to give. The judgment of the court below was therefore
affirmed.

EMIGRATION TO AUSTRALIA.

The Melbourne correspondent of the Times sends to the
leading journal some account of emigrants' prospects in
Australia. First of all, he puts the questions which be
supposes require answers. What are people to expect
who emigrate from this country to Australia? What
kiud of place is it? Is it very different from England?
Are there any roads, railways, shops, churches, or schools?
Is it really easy to get a living there, and can a living be
found at once? Suppose an emigrant and family put on
shore at Melbourne without friends or acquaintances, and
with no great supply of money, what is to become of them
for the first night or two or the first week? These
inquiries, it is said, are constantly addressed to returned
colonists by people half willing yet half afraid to try their
fortunes in a strange land. And the Times correspondent
endeavours to answer them. To begin with, Australia is,
in all the chief centres of settlement, as civilised a
country in all essentials as England itself. At
Melbourne, for instance, the streets are as well paved,
pitched, and lighted as at Liverpool or Bristol, the
only difference being that they are about three times as
broad. The shops are genuine English shops all over.
The roadway is full of drays, waggons, carriages, and
hansoms, just as in London, though there is less danger
of your being knocked down. The rarest pineapples are
ticketed at four a shilling, and an excellent hot meat
dinner is offered for sixpence. If any London emigrant
should have a fancy for a brass band in front of his
window, that feature also of his home life is reproduced
faithfully at the antipodes. But what is to be done
for the first few days of suspense before employ-
ment comes in and a chance of settling is offered?
The reply is that he is taken under the care of the
State, which provides for him until he can provide for
himself. In a cheerful and healthy suburb of the
town stands the Emigrants' Home, and in that establish-
ment any emigrant destitute of means is entertained until
the option of work is found for him. To this place the
employers of labour constantly resort, apd bargains are
struck without delay or difficulty. The Times cor-
respondent has known " several hundreds " of new-
comers engaged and disposed of in a few hours. Generally,
however, the chief town is not the place for an emigrant
to stay in. His aim should be the country, and from Mel-
bourne the country can be reached in all directions with the
greatest case. The centres of mining and agricultural indus-
try are connected with the capital by railu ays ; beyond the
railways are good macadamized roads, with good coaches
running on them. These roads lead towards the interior
of a continent almost as large as Europe, with every
variety of soil and climate. In some parts there are enor-
mous tracts of rich land with hardly a tree upon it, sc.
that no clearing is required to fit it for the plough. The
interior communications are remarkably good, insomuch
that, in case of an overstocked labour-market at one
point, the emigrant can remove himself with perfect
facility and little cost to another ; while in no place does
he appear to leave civilisation behind him. The smallest
towns and most remote villages are English towns and
villages still, fairly supplied with all the necessaries, and
not a few of the luxuries, of existence. No country in the
world, adds the correspondent, could offer better
prospects to the capitalist or greater advantages
to the working man than the British colony of
Victoria. But how to reach this paradise? It can be
reached for £lO. That sum will take a mechanic from an
East London workhouse and place him in the Emigrants'
Home at Melbourne, with a new world before him. It
will be said, however, that he must carry something to
the common stock of the settlement—either a modicum of
capital or some available skill or labour. The Tim es correspon-
dent assumes the very case of an emigrant with nothing
but labour, more or less skilled, to contribute to the
public wealth in return for a maintenance. A man who
can do nothing whatever would find even Australia a
bad place to live in, but there is employment, and
something better than employment, ready for all who
can work and save. Just now wages are " main•
tamed"—that is, are not falling, and the rates of
payment are certainly pleasant to look at. Masons and
bricklayers get 10s. a day ; carpenters, Os. ; builders'
labourers, is. ; blacksmiths, 30s. a week ; wheelwrights,
355. to -Ps. On the farm a shepherd may get his £4O a
year ; a hut-keeper, £22 ; a lad who can milk, 12s. a week;
and a general farm labourer, 15s. " Common labour,' it
is added by way of summary, " may be quoted at 6s. to
Ts. a day," Nor are these wages reduced in actual valise
by high charges of living. - Perhaps lodgings are rather
dear, hut where a dinner of the best meat, bread, and
vegetables without stint can be had for sixpence, living
must needs he cheap.

,The Postmaster-General has been before tne
Lord Mayor, summoned for the poor rate on tho Lombard-
street Post-office. The matter was turned into a case for
the Court of Queen's Bench, the Postmaster arguing he was

not liable.
A shopkeeper on a boulevard was prevented
by the police from banging out the following notice the
other day:—" Windows to let, at two francs the hour, to
see the riots this evening." Which is the true nation of
shopkeepers?
CLIFTON ESTATES, Norrs.— We understanc
these vast estates, of upwards of £16,000 per annum,
descend by entail to Mr. Henry • Markham, of Skelton
Lodge; near York, who married the only surviving sister
of Mr. Frederick Bell, of The Hall, Tlsirsk.

Some of the accounts given of the morganatic I,
marriage of the ex-King, Dom Fernando of Portugal, with
Fanny Elesler, the dancer, are Incorrect. The name of the
lady is flacuzler. She
.came out some years back in the
United States as a singer,. and had a fair share of suc-
cess. In the course of her career as an artiste ebe visited
Lisbon, and there_attractcd the attention of her present
husband. Her age is about 39.
TESTIMONIAL TO MR. J. P. KNIGHT, LATE OF
THE SOUTH EASTERN RAILWAY.--The officials and heads
of clepaa talents of the South-Eastern Railway have pre-
sented to Mr. Knight, the late traffic superintendent of
that line, a very handsome candelabrum, on the occasion
cf his retirement from the company and acceptance of the
office of manager of the Brighton line.

GKIMSHAw, THE JOCKEY, "GOING THROUGH THE
—The ease of James Crimshaw, the well-known
.ehey, was Lefore the -Ba,nkrnpte3- Cana on Tuesday:
T; he d;:btA r.-cr.?. state] to he £:,7)1, t.O l it was added that
been in r:Teipt of -:i.11)0 ye,.
agreement with the late of 11..;p3ting. The (sari,
was adjourned, in.order that Grimshaw might file a east
account.

(tor IT.'

'ar under au

Great expectations are entertained at Barron--
in-Furness, the centre of the haematite iron district, that
coal will also be found there. Attention has lately been
called to two old pits at Stank, near Barrow, as old, some
say, as the clays of the Furness monks, and in any case of
considerable antiquity. They have been reopened and
exa.mined, a•ud; as the water is pumped out of them, Bic e
good inflica.tiptcs- of carboniferotta deposits. A eeam. of
coal half in itich thick his :alreaAY &elk penetrated, and
the nature of the stone which is raised from a 4epth
PP= Ifieftsi4rine the 11,0114LottheilPlorere.-