The Sun.
London, England, 1869-05-10 00:00:00


The folly of such belli
Senator CHANDLER is best exemplified by consider-
ing the effect a war would have on emigration to
North America. It is no exaggeration to say that
cose speeches as that of
it
throats of emigrants, sending those who have come
in,
wouldwith phoewbduetr
ands employing
ho immigrants to cut the
t
deal with those who are
coming. To show this, take the 60,000 Michigan
citizens with whom Senator CHANDLER proposes to
contract to do the Canadian job, and ascertain
how many of them were born in Michigan or in the
United States at all. He would employ the immi-
grants who had selected Michigan as their home
torout with fire and sword the immigrants located
in Canada, stirring up both countries to waste the
national means in destroying the men who are, or
make the settlers.Butevies, andryo honekw onnoswtrswghawtasa
wise man Mr. CHANDLER
the opposition to his dreaded re-election last sum-
mer, offered by the British, aided with their gold.
the feel
thin-
skinnedllish, r s
and it
That detestable people having stigmatised him as a
ours
s if
drunkard, and endeavoured to show he was the
ve
sensible,snallbe
non fauowvletryof
properlyor
JOHN BULL does not wince under the
lraeseof
smart. Our present object, however, is to remark on
the flow of emigration now swelling in in • creasmg
tide to the shores of America, which such a speech,
if it came from a Senator of political weight, could
not fail to injure. The Zeidlersc C
orrespondenz
says, " that the unusually large emigration
this
year from various parts of North-Germany to Ame-
rica is the result, as has been proved by • •
inquiry, of
the encouraging news sent home by
relations who
have already crossed the Atlantic,
and
who gene-
rally accompany their letters with a remittance.
The confidence felt in the wisdom and moderation
of the present Government of the United
States has
given a great stimulus to emigration
this year."
But great as is the direct
emigration from the
northern ports of Germany numbers find th • eir way
to Liverpool and join the dense
throngs there ship-
ping for New York. It is a noticeable fact that
each country which supplies a perennial stream has
now organizedits own transport from ports of its own.

Not long ago Liverpool was the head-quarters, nor
that only, but almost the sole port whence steerage
passengers could ship in steamers for New York and
Canada. Now the Irish go from Queenstown, and
Greencastle, and Londonderry direct during the
summer months. The Scotch embark from Glas-
gow; the Germans from Hamburg, Bremen, and other
harbours ; from Copenhagen a line now plies, touch-
ing at Bremerhaven. There are numerous depar
tures from Havre and Brest, and it is intended to run
steamers from an Italian port straight to New York.
From London there is ample opportunity, as well
as from Southampton, and recently Plymouth has
been added to the list, a boon to the miners of
Cornwall awl Devonshire now flocking in thou-
sandi to America. Notwithstanding these great
facilities, the Government emigration officials have
lately been more busy in Liverpool than for many
years, superintending what is termed an " enor-
mous exodus." Although the Irish emigration has
there greatly decreased, as they avail themselves of
the facilities now afforded by their own harbours,
that from the Continent has not dwindled as anti-
cipated, through the opportunities of shipping direct
in eplendid steamers. From Liverpool thirty-one
ships last month sailed for the United States under
the Pas&nger Act, and of the21,566 who took places,
over 9,000 were foreigners. The proportion of Eng-
lish was 7,259 ; of Irish 4,505 ; of Scotch 748. Only
eight ships left for Canada with 4,985 passengers, of
whom considerably more than half were foreigners,
2,055 English, 169 Irish, and one Scotch. The
total emigration for the month was 27,038, show-
ing an increase over that of the corresponding month
of last year of 8,168, and it is noticed that the
exodus enlarges, April's list being 14,418 in excess
of that of March. What we consider the most
hopeful sign in these figures is the steady increase
of English emigration to the United States. Our
idea ought to be, if it is not, known to our readers,
for we have repeated it often enough. But as we
hold a singular position in England (while as satis-
fied as of our own existence of the truth of what
we assert) we intend to keep hammering away on
that line. The effort some good but ill-informed
men make to divert British emigration anywhere
from the United States is a fatal mistake. Their
principle is that emigration strengthens the Re-
public, and in strengthening the Union it but adds
to the power of an enemy. This monstrous blunder,
for as such we consider it, has cost both countries
enough, and it is about time now that it should ex-
plode. By carefully diverting British emigration
from the United States, while rather helping to drift
the Irish emigration there, England has studiously
fortified her enemy's strongest position, manned and
armed it against herself. By shutting her own chil-
dren out she has excluded the garrison that would
have availed her in time of danger, preventing the
fortress from being used by her foes as a base for
offensive operations. We would ask any candid,
unprejudiced person if we overstate the case, and,
if not, if such conduct be not that of the insane ?
It is true that in injuring her own citizens by clos-
ing to them the finest field for emigration, they have
injured the Republic—aye—and to a far greater
extent than the United States suppose. Our posi-
tion on this subject has already been stated, so we
need not here touch further upon it, but we hail the
change now so satisfactorily progressing for the first
time for many many years, of British emigration to
the United States. It will take years for the in-
fluence to be strongly felt, but if clodhoppers from
Irish bogs can so quickly attain the position they
occupy in the Union, we may reasonably hope that
the Protestant yeoman-emigration of Scotland, Eng-
land, and from the north of Ireland, freely sent, may
still more rapidly, in proportion to number, rise into
political importance... Educate the boys and girls to
go; send them with a blessing ; let the successful
do as the Germans and lash, save, and remit in
aid of the emigration of their brethren, and England
will place her garrison within the citadel, practi-
cally renewing the consanguinity with the great
Republic, about which there has been so much talk,
a relationship which haS,been dying out, in fact,
as well as in feeling.—Auglo-America a Times.

THE COST OF ENGLISH AND AMERICAN

Senator SuaiNEn, who understands so well how
to assess damages, positive as well as undefined,
might profitably spend some hours on this subject.
As yet his attention has only been directed to a
portion, which we will use, and endeavour to fill in
the rest. Ever since a stupid king, acting on the
crude, ignorant notions of Government then prevail-
ing, severed the home country frcm her American
colonies after a war which entailed a heavy burden
on England and sowed over the liberated coloniesthe
seeds of bitterness, a feeling of enmity has been
cherished by a portion of the citizens of both coun-
tries. Had the founders of American independence
and the upper classes of Britain known the future
cost of gratifying this feeling they would earnestly
have endeavoured to smother instead of fostering it.
It is difficult in approaching the losses sustained by
both nations through enmity, to do more than
broadly generalize ; but there are striking facts
accomplished and transpiring in our own day too
well established to be disputed, and worthy of
attentive consideration. Almost from the birth of
the Republic to the present time, the parent and child
have been engaged in a paper controversy in abus-
ing, ridiculing, misrepresenting, vilifying each other
—attacks better calculated to keep alive irrita-
tion than to give either side pleasure. Very often
the irritability has almost blazed into war, and once
hostilities actually broke out. The Canadian re-
bellion, England holds, was organized from the
United States; the Fenian rebellion was wholly
the work of men who called themselves American
citizens. Twice they invaded the Canadas; often the
frontier was threatened; an Irish Republic was esta-
blished in New York, and the emissaries sent forth
by it landed in Ireland and fomented an outbreak.
Their conspiracies ramified to England itself. Ches-
ter Castle, with its munitions of war, only escaped
their hands by an accident, and a street in London
was blown up to effect an object of the organization.
For a long spell the Habeas Corpus Act was sus-
pended in Ireland ; the force in Canada had to be
increased, and a heavy burden fell on the Canadian
Government in preparing to resist the threatened
invasions. In every war Britain waged, her enemy,
the British assert, had the active sympathy of Ame-
ricans, even when it was to suppress and punish
those who commenced the revolt for the extirpation
of Christianity in Asia by a series of massacres so
atrocious as to shock the world. American sympa-
thy, say Englishmen, was given to Russia in the
struggle with the Western Powers, because England
was on the other side, and it received an illustra-
tion in the unceremonious dismissal of an officer of
the English Consular Service by the Washington
Government. It is asserted by those considered
good authorities that the fiscal legislation of the
United States was influenced by the desire to injure
the mother country, and that enmity still gives its
chief strength to Protection. It i3 also said that
England's attitude, as well as thatof the Republic to-
wards foreign countries is modified by the known
enmity between them ; that England could not
take the course she otherwise would, in repelling
the invasion of Denmark by Germany; that the
Washington Government is restrained from acting
the part most agreeable to the nation towards Cuba
by the fear of compromising the position of the coun-
try on the Alabama claims. What may be Eng-
land's loss through American enmity we have no
means of ascertaining, but the Republic's loss
through English enmity is more real and apparent.
Taking a tithe of Senator SuMNER's calculation it
must he gigantic in the case of the civil war alone ;
but this has been so recently explained that we need
not
from
herethe t
United
to
thde d ioN
leSii.ttta'. States ; and
in has
i in successfully
any
directionen-
deavoured
tries have sustained an i ncalculable loss. Not only the
finest field for emigration has thus been barred to the
people who make the best emigrants, but the loss has
emigration England
doing so both coun-
tries
told most injuriously on the Republic itself. For a
period the Irish leaven so fermented as to be felt dis-
agreeably in the Union, but fortunately the enor-
mous influx of Germans is over• riding the evil influ-
ences of Irish emigration in the mass, for it is an
Hibernian peculiarity that the sons of the Green
Isle make excellent emigrants individually, scattered
among other nationalities, but bad settlers when

congregated. Had there been less of the Irish and
more of the English, it would have been all the bet-
ter for the Republic, for the law-abiding, Protes-
tant element would have been strengthened, nor
would wealthy Americans have found so many
tools to forward corrupt designs as in the Empire
City. In another decade, unless a rapid stream of
English emigration flows into the States, the Union
will doubtless become German whether Now Eng-
land likes it or not. While most of what the Re-
public treasures has been derived from England—its
religion, its laws, its literature, its language having
had their birth in that island—the broad stamp of
the inhabitants will be German, and this result, if
it follows, will actually be caused by the direct de-
scendants of the English themselves. This will not
be what New England families intended, or the old
families of Virginia, Maryland, the Carolinas, and
Georgia, or their descendants the early pioneers in
the settlement of the West, though not the less will
it he so. The old names now so familiar in the
Senate Chamber and in the Hall of the Represen-
tatives will then give place to those indicating
another, race, and the eloquence which once stirred
Congress will not be after the same model, nor
derive its inspirations from the same feeling;. Tho
tenacity with which the old families have held their
pl Lees in the Union may be seen by those who
glance down the names of the Senators and Repre-
sentatives. That English descended families still
rule is apparent from the list, and this should be
considered with the fact that for generations Eng'
lish emigration to America had almost wholly
ceased. That these families should encourage the
enmity which has barred the influx of their race,
and which must eventually make dominant a
foreign element, may surprise, though it is not
more astonishing than that both nations should have
indulged a feeling alike dangerous to each, giving
little else than pain, and leading to incalculable in-
jury. Whenever America conceived a project, the
effort of England has been to defeat it, or to substi-
tute something else. If, for instance, by construct-
ing railways, digging canals, and boring through
mountains, a route could be made shorter to China
than that via New York and San Francisco, any
amount of English capital would be forthcoming
for the work. 'Whatever is American has always
had to fight against the battle of prejudice in Eng'
land, and American talent recognized here must be
so palpably superior that Americans may accept
such success as the best proof of merit. There are
numberless American inventions which would have
been useful beyond description in England, and
would have been introduced were this prejudice not
so generally believed in. Often, in such ways, losses
are inflicted which tell as heavily on the one coun-
try as on the other ; but great as has been the in-
jury in the past, it may be as nothing compared
with what may accrue in the future. Instead of
working together as two sections of one race to
whom PROVIDENCE bas been very bountiful in be-
stowing a magnificent domain, each appears to con'
spire against the power, progress, and tranquillity
of the other. It is undeniable that England's legi-
timate influence in the affairs of Europe is counter-
acted by the knowledge that under present circum-
stances she could not go to war. A tiger in a sago
is an animal at which a child may snap its fingers'
and a powerful nation thus neutralized will be but
an object of contempt even to the weak. Arena'
ments must be maintained where a struggle for
life always threatens ; and it is natural to or
pose that England should desire to see the
strength of the nation breaking against whom she
may at any time be called to fight for her very
existence. Viewed in this light, her course wit°
not surprising during the Civil War, nor the recent
unscrupulous attempts of the Times to damage
American credit. Supposing that a war did result'
it is not too much to say that the national securi-
ties of each country would be almost worthless ; for
two such obstinate nations, once fairly embroiled'
'nould resemble the Kilkenny cats, in leaving little
more than the tail of each ere they finished. SLIP;
posing that such a war lasted for years, what would
become of the swelling tide of emigration to Arne'
rica? for that tide once turned into other chancels'
cannot easily be restored. The nonsense talked by
men like Senator CHANDLER may deceive the
ignorant, but it is surprising to hear in the sari°,
Chamber a Senator make such a statement
as his, almost before the words of another bad
ceased to vibrate announcing the astounding
damage done to America by the mere sympathy 01',
England. Senator CHANDLER undertakes to con'
quer Canada from an Empire of unknown power'
perhaps the greatest the world has ever seen, with
his 60,000 Michigan Volunteers in thirty days, and
to conclude a short, sharp, and decisive war in the
annihilation of England ! Senator SUMNER, on the
other hand, asserts that the paltry supplies fur"
nished to the Confederacy by England in vessels
and munitions of war prolonged the contest for tvi°
years, and led to half the blood and treasure 0:
pendedin its suppression ; while Senator CHANDa°
will contract to conquer 4,000,000 of Canadians'
backed by England, with his Michigan Voltiv
teers in thirty days. But the Senator must not On!
take the bread out of the mouths of the Fenian agt;
tators, who will do the job in a shorter time, and
on cheaper terms. If England has to pay for the pr°:
longation of the rebellion it is a thousand pities the°
so doughty a general was not early sent South t°
finish it off under contract with the English Go;
vermnent, and that a man so useful, discuised t°,
as an earnest patriot,should have carefully abstained
from going there, indeed have located himselfeh
tenaciously in the safest part of the Union. c kill
people persuade those as ignorant as themselves
that that is easy of accomplishment which no single
power in creation could achieve, and thus fortify
fools to rush into more ruin which was heavy enollgii
one would imagine, in the case of the Confederate
war, to satisfy moderate men. Let Mr. CHANDLER
reflect on this fact. The leading statesmen of t'0
Union before the war were Southerners ; with fill
the knowledge that their official positions could
give of the United States, they deliberately Pre'
pared for and entered on that conflict which de;
sok tfnr
eokywneiodn
wgtighnheemw all.
the
conflictThese
would
eunldweeinedabt
between their
tw bielir
as Mr. CHANDLER ; they had far better means r
Confederation and the United States, than' he b,73
what England would oppose to the
resources of the Republic. Yet, pitting their livee'
their property, their all, on this die, they delibe;
rately did that, which the few who survived groane: 0
in agony to recall. We can assure Mr. CHANDLER
that it is easier to do those shocking things than
escape the consequences, and if the English Govern
went has conceded more than Englishmen apPr°43ve;
it has been because long experience has taught
almost anything is better than so dreadful an alt ch
native, and perhaps another great war would tee la
the United States the same lesson, which Ic°11ch
effectually prevent the return to Congress of eeect
members as CHANDLER. Both nations have suffe.,ra,
enoughfrom enmity, and it is not like the east vv10"ot
or an earthquake, or hurricanes, that which e°°e),,
be prevented. Though more disastrous far than °erg
it proceeds from our own vile nature, which fosse
evil rather than good, and may, if encouraged, eo,
in the ruin of one or both countries, and must,e.,
tail a loss fearful to contemplate on the world's
Anglo-American limes.

BIRTILY.
Tren1P5'
GILBERT-EAST—On the 7th inst., at Manor House, -- of
ford, Fairford, Gloucestershire, Lady Gilbert-East,
son and heir.
RICHARDS - On the 4th inst., at Tottenham, the Wifa ef
Basil Richards, Esq., of a daughter.

MARRIAGES.
TOBIN—GooDE—On the Cth lust , at Stamford ittljo
Lieut.-Colonel Tobin to Mary Elizabeth, widow 0'
late Major Goode, 62d Regt.
WALEER —POW ELL — On the 8th inst., at Hanover
Regent-street, Fred. Walker, of 21. Langbam"Isq.,
Portland-place, to Letitia, daughter of H. rowel",
of Swansea.

DEATHS.
GRANT—On the- 74.11 inst., suddenly,near Bath, capto. f".
S. Grat, aged 32.
HENLEY—On n
the 7th inst., at Brighton, Harriett, Dow9ger
Lady Henley, aged 66. or•
JONES—On the 7th inst., at The Waldrons, Croydon, }1
Sarah Jones, aged J8.

London : Printed and Published by WILLIAM ANDII,'
of No. 112, Strand, Printer, at THE SUN Office, No.112;Srp:-.
in the Precinct of the Sayoy, in the County of laiduAe'v
:619.447, May 10, 1869.