The Sun.
London, England, 1856-10-07 00:00:00

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Yesterday morning a detachment of 112 non-coranika
sinned officers and men belonging to the 19th and 82d
ReeinieLts, with a draught of the Rifle Brigade, left St.
Kery's barrack'e, Chatham, for Fort Pitt, where they
were medically inspected by Dr. J. R. Taylor, C. 8., an
order having been received at the invalid establishment,
Chatham, for the discharge of those non-commissioned
officers and men who were considered unfit for further
order for theircb apuelantusi, o
from e has
service. The troops inspected yesterday were all Crimea
men suffering from wounds, or being otherwise dis-
abled, and each man wears the Crimean medal with two
and three clasps, several having 15 or 20 years' service.
The whole of them will he discharged as soon as the
vali'dhedtp depot,
of the Medical Staff Corps, upwards of 500
rlchbeelesuea forwarded
The Hospital. to the in-
strong, now stationed at Chef;ham, under the command
of Brevet-Major S. G. Bunbury, are in expectation of
being removed front that garrison to Southampton,
at which stetion it is expected the Government will Ex
the head-quarters. Thee bi to be no increase to the
strength nt this carps, which has bsen lately reduced,
owing to a number of men having been discharged, and
in addition to which 53 men are now waiting to receive
their discharge.
Capt. Knox's Company of the 9th Battalion, rind Capt.
Locgton's Company of the 13th Battalion Royal Artil-
lery were inspected ye=sterday in front of head-quarters,
Woolwich, by Major-General Sir W. F. Williams, Com-
mandant of the Garrison and Staff, on their return from
Itelan
having Pullen,
l I e
inn
tow four new gun-beats from the eastward.
,
arrived he
The Salamander, 6, paddle-sloop, Commander Mecham,
having shipped the whole of her cargo of stores, medi-
cines, beddings, &c., for the sufferers from cholera at
Madeira, left Portsmouth harbour yesterday afternoon,
and sailed direct for her destination.
The Dee t
Portsmouthadd l paddle-sloop, sl o oype, s
tor d blaster-Commanderay
afternoon,
The Dragon, 6, naddle•sloop, Capt. W. H. Stewart,
C. 8., went out of Portsmouth harbour yesterday, and
anchored at Spithead to take in powder and shot prior to
leaving for her destination.
The Fox, 42, converted into a screw steam storeship,
went out of Portsmouth harbour yesterday to test her
machinery. It is reported to have worked satisfactorily.
The Industry steam storeship sailed yesterday morn-
ing from Portsmouth for Devonport with Royal Marine
artillery and stores.
The Amphitrite, 24, fitting as a coastguard ship for
Newhaven, was taken into the fitting basin at Ports-
mouth yesterday to be docked.
The Rhea Silvia transport, Captain Silvia, arrived at
Portsmouth yesterday with 25 men of the polioe of
Scutari, who were under the command of General Storks,
and were the last of the British to leave.Scutari. She
also brought five women and three children ; all the
passengers being under the medical orders of Staff-sur-
geon Fairburn. This vessel brings some medical stores,
fire-engines, &0., from the hospitals at Scutari.
The Powerful, 84, and the Leander, 50, both of which
vessels were recently paid off at Chatham, having been
stripped and dismasted, have been placed in ordinary in
the Medway, and attached to the Chatham division of
that fleet of vessels.
The Resistance, Government troopship, Com. J. T.
Russell, is to be paid off.
The following transports have arrived at Woolwich
since Saturday—The Irene and Andover, laden with me-
dical comforts; the Preciesa, with 200 tons of land trans -
port and hospital stores and 1,000 bags of bread; the
Medium, No. 104, with powder, military clothing, blan-
kets, &c.; the Foster, with shot, shell, and guns ; the
Riverdale, with ammunition ; and the Andover C. 223,
Capt. Peterson, has brought 80 casks of wine, a number
of iron tubes, blankets, 900 bed boards, sundry casks of
ale, vinegar, whisky, potash water, sherry, Marsala, port
nine, lime juice, &c. The ireightship Wigrams is em-
barking 44 tons of Ordnance stores and timber from
Woolwich Arsenal for St. Helena, and will sail from St.
Katherine's Docks.

[PRICE 4D. STAMPED SD•

r wise to collect together all the sewage and the rain•
fall, and instead of at once passing it into the river
near where it fell, to take it in a covered sewer for thirty
miles to the sea. The withdrawal of that rainfall alight
have a prejudicial effect on the Thorne's, and might at
some future time be brought as a serious charge against
them. In this matter be believed they might rest on
the judgment of Mr. Bazalgette, their engineer, and
therefore he (Mr. Seeley) leaned to the side of economy
by adopting the cheaper and safer mode.
Mr. Dour,ToN said he should move an amendment to
this motion, and at some length contended that if this
motion was agreed to, and they went up to Governrnent
with the plan, it would be returned to them, like their
former one, for it was not in compliance with the terms
of the act of Parliament. The 135th section of the act
of Parliament which they were called upon to carry sot,
said that the sewage should not be discharged within
the metropolitan area, and yet they proposed to go up
with a plan that did not meet those terms of the act of
Parliament. He concluded by moving as an amendment,
"That this, board, having had under their consideration
the 135th section of the Metropolis Local Management
Act, together with the interpretation put upon its words
by Mr. Austin's letter of 2d July, 1856, and by the
clerk, in his opinion delivered to the board on the 22d
of July, 1856, is not prepared to approve of any plan for
the drainage of the metropolis which would permit any
part of the sewage thereof to flow or pass into the River
Thames, or return within the limits of theirjurisdic-
tion."

Mr. Howe seconded the amendment, and was in
favour of discussing the entire question whether they
should go at once to Sea Reach., ;It they adopted-the
plan proposed by Mr. Carpmael, and they went up with
it to Government, he believed that it would be returned
to them, wad they would be again "snubbed," as they
had been before.
Mr. WARE said he had heard it stated that whatever
plan was adopted a certain portion of the sewage must
ind its way into the Thames, and if that was so, the
objection conveyed in the words of the amendment would
apply to all schemes that might be proposed.
The CHAIRMAN said that it could not be supposed in
cases of storm and overflow rainfall that all sewage could
be kept out of the Thames ; and thought if the amend-
ment was carried that it would tie up the hands of the
board from adopting any plan whatever. Therefore he
thought the amendment was one that could not be put.
Tee amendment was then, by leave, withdrawn.
Mr. WILKINSON' thought, considering the difficulty
that existed as to the terms of the act of Parliament,
that before finally adopting any plan, they should have
au interview with the Chief Commissioner of Works, to
ascertain his interpretation of the terms of the act of
Parliament.
Mr. LESLIE said that few persons appeared to under-
stand the words of the 135th section of the act, for by
the first part of the clause they were required to make
sewers to carry away the sewage, and by the last part of
it to make other sewers to carry off the drainage and
rain overflow. He wished to ask the legal adviser of
the board whether that was not the proper interpretation
of the act ?
The CLERK (Mr. Woolrych) did not consider that the
board were called upon to make two sets of sewers, but
were left to their discretion, and to enable them to do so
the Legislature had conferred upon them large powers,
and, in addition to main sewers, to form collateral
sewers to effect that object.
Mr. Davis opposed the resolution, and objected alto-
gether to any scheme for going under the Thames.
Mr. Deputy HARRISON was willing to take the opinion
of their own engineer, as set forth in page 8 of his re-
port, in which he said—" I am still, after mature con-
sideration, of opinion that the second proposition, or the
extension of the outfalls to Halfway Reach, would fully
satisfy the requirements of the Legislature, and be effec.
tive in a sanitary point of view, as already explained in
my former reports upon this subject. This plan would
not greatly increase the engineering difficulties in execut-
ing the works ; ana, as regards expenditure, it presents
considerable advantages over any of the other plans.
The extension to Long Reach appears also to meet the
required object, in a sanitary point of view, although
the outfall would not be so remote from habitations as
that at Halfway Reach ; and if the former is objected
to, it becomes questionable whether this will be con-
sidered sufficiently advantageous to justify an increased
expenditure of upwards of three-quarters of a million."
If the plan was adapted a B it would serve
all the requirements of the public, and save an enor-
mous expense, and therefore he was at issue with those
gentlemen who wished to carry the sewage down to
either Margate, Worthing, or Brighton. It they were
to carry the outfall to Mucking-creek, in Essex, it would
be most unfair to the inhabitants of the city of London
that those works should 64 done at tIA is outap..ne_ it
the inhabitant, of Essex were to have the benefit of the
drainage, they ought in common fairness to contribute
something to the expense. Alter souse further observa-
tions, he said that he was in favour of the point of out-
fall being at B on the plan, which went three miles lower
down the river than the limits of the metropolis, and he
hoped that it would be adopted.
Mr. SAVAGE moved an amendment to the effect that
the ()titian for the sewage should be at a point that was
not within the limits of the metropolis.
Mr. BRISTOW, seconded the amendment, and in doing
so said he regretted that a motion he submitted on a
former occasion was negatived, which was that the
chairman and several members of the board should wait
upon the Chief Commissioner of Works and ascertain
what were his views upon this subject, for if they went
on discussing a plan which the Government would not
sanction they would only be wasting their time, and that
they would not only have the vox populi, but their own
consciences against them. Their own clerk had given
his opinion as to the point proposed, in which he had
said that if the sewage was discharged iu Halfway Reach
it would be a "close shave." Such being the legal opi-
nion of their officer, it was his (Mr. Bristowe's) belief
h expenseich shouldf a b
e large
effectual and
and effi-
cient
that if they adopted that close shave their plans would
he sent back to them. He did not believe that the
public
system
wouldoofb jseecut, tora
sewerage
we
relieve the Thames from its present impurities.
Mr. TURNER supported the resolution, and said that
he was surprised to hear persons urge that Erith,
Gravesend, and other towns would be injured by the
works proposed. Did not all the sewerage of London
go by Erith and Gravesend now, and could they make
it worse than it was at preseat ? Why, by the contem-
plated works Erith, Gravesend, and Tilbury would be
benefited, inasmuch as they would not have a particle
more sewage past Erith than they had at present, and
that it would be diluted with a much larger amount o
water.

The freight-ship Nautilus is being laden with Ordnance
stores from Woolwich Arsenal for Bermuda, and has
likewise a number of cabin passengers.
Tho 16. gun screw steam-sloop Fawn, launched on
Thursday at Deptford, arrived at Woolwich yesterday
incrning, and was taken into the fitting basin to have
her engines, of 100-horse power, and machinery applied.
The following appointments were made yesterday at
the Admiralty :
W. H. Parker, master, to the Devastation ; Jehn
Molloy, second-master, to the Starling ; Edward
d'Auvergne, James Wade (B), and W. B. C. Christy,
surgeons (additional), to the Boscawen ; Edwd. Sexton
and Daniel O'Sullivan, acting•assistant-surgeons, to the
Boscawen ; Richard Evans, assistant-surgeon, to the
Formidable.

W. Johnson, C. R. Wilkinson, G. H. Allen, and
V. F. Johnson, second masters, w,re yesterday pro-
moted to be masters.

THE AMERICAN FRIGATE MERRIMAC.

The local variation of compasses on board ships is a
matter of the most serious consequence, and of the
greatest interest. It Las been already stated in The Sun
that such variation is prevented on board the United
States rserew steam filgete mei rimae, now lying in South-
ampton Water, by three magnets. Each of these mag-
nets is about 2 feet long, a little more than one inch in
width, and about three-quarters of an inch in thickness.
One of the magnets is placed immediately under the
icompass on the upper deck, its direction being fore and
aft. •Another is placed under that one in the same
direction, and is fastened to the ceiling of the main deck.
The third is fastened to the same ceiling, about 4 feet
distant on the larboard side, and its direction is athwart
the ship, so that it is at right angles with the other two
magnets. The invention of this contrivance for counter-
acting local variation is due to Capt. Morris, the com-
mander of an American coasting steamer, and is much
in use in United States merchant ships ; but the Merri-
mac is the first man-of-war in which it has been tried.
The Americans have done away with the old-fashioned
cutlass fur sailors, and the substitute for it is a straight,
short Roman sword, adapted to cut and thrust, and is an
exceedingly bandy and formidable weapon in boarding,
where fighting men are crowded together. Both the
Mini° rifle and Brown Bess are on board the Merrimac,
and the men are armed also with pistols, and the officers
with revolvers ; 130-pound and other heavy shot can be
thrown from the enormous guns of the Merrimac, with
good aim, upwards of two miles, and would do terrible
execution that distance. The lug on which the gun-lock
works on Dehlgren's guns is cast with the gun, and there
is a spare lug which could be easily made available
should any damage be done to the one in use, Every
one of the guns on board the frigate has the elevating
screw. The gun carriages are th French pattern ; they
have only wheels forward, and the hinder part rests on
the deck, and acts like a break to prevent too great a
recoil in firing. The hinder part of the carriages is as-
sisted forward again by roller handspikes. The shells
used on board the frigate have an improved fusee, which
cause them to burst with great accuracy. The head of
the mop used for sponging out the guns is made with
bristles, which is a great improvement on the old sheep.
skin sponge. Flogging has been done away with in the
American navy for 4or 5 years past. The punishments
resorted to on board the frigate are solitary confinement,
reduction to the next inferior rate, deprivation of liberty
on shore, extra police duties, and loss of pay. The fri-
gate's crew have fresh meat and bread now they are in
harbour, each man being allowed llb of meat a day.
They have beef four times and pork three times a week.
There is divisional exercise of guns on board on Tuesdays,
Wednesdays, Thursdays, and Fridays. On Mondays
general exercise of guns takes place, and on Saturdays
there is exercise at fire quarters, when every movement is
gone through, as if a fire were on board. The arrange-
ments in case of fire are very complete. The force pumps
and fire hose are kept in the most perfect readiness:
1 The windlasses and capstans do not appear to have
the improvements that are to be seen on board Bri-
tish men-of-war. Dinner tables for seamen have not
been introduced into the American navy, and the men still
sit on the decks to eat their meals. The seamen of the
Merrimac have a small library ; they are also getting np
theatrical amusements, and forming among themselves a
choir of Ethiopian singers. The same order, quietness,
and cleanliness are to be observed on board of her as are
noticed in English line-of-battle ships. Admiral the
Earl of Hardwicke and other naval officers have visited
the American frigate, and have examined her with the
iAtmost minuteness and interest. The following is her
list of e2cers :—" A captain, seven lieutenants, one
master, one surgeon, one past assistant-surgeon, one as-
sistant surgeon, one purser, a captain and lieutenant of
marines, four past midshipmen, and four midshipmen.
There is no chaplain on board. The captain is bound by
law to have Divine service at suitable times and places,
but he is not limited to any particular form of worship.
On board the Merrimac, however, as in board most
American ships of war, the Church of England service
is read. The officers of the Merrimac have been elected
honorary members of the Southampton Club during the
stay of the frigate at the port of Southampton. A" to
per-
sons are allowed to visit the frigate,
American republican notions to admit by tickets•expected
make any distinction between persons.
It
from that a small steamer will run to the Merrimac
should there
Southampton for the convenience of visitors,
be any continuance of fine weather. _
as it is contraz
to

Mr. LESLIE said of all the transparent fallacies he had
ever heard uttered, the speech just delivered by the hon.
member for Hampstead was the most so, for his argu-
ment was that although they might have the same
amount of sewage past Grays and Gravesend there was
a great difference in having it pent up in an enormous
reservoir of 15 acres, and discharged in two hours, to
having it passing gradually at all hours of the tide. It
had been said that they had got three miles beyond the
metropolitan area, but, having recently measured it, he
was prepared to say that taken in a direct line it was
only five-eighths of a mile below that area. He would
ask the inhabitants of Hampstead, who returned the hon.
member, if they were prepared to support him in the
enormous expense that would be incurred in taking the
rainfall into the sewers, which added 105 per cent. to
the entire estimates of Mr. Bazalgette? The present plan
would merely create an enormous cesspool at a cost of
five millions, which they would never be able to raise
under the authority of the present act ofFarliament, and
in conclusion he hoped, as the only safe course, that they
would negative Mr. Carpmael's resolution.
The CH2,1114101 then put the question, when there ap-
peared—

For the amendment - 14
Against it l7-3
Mr. CHELLIN then moved, as another amendment,
" that the deodorising works recommended by the en-
gineer at Barking-creek be adopted" but this amend-
ment was not persevered in.
Mr. WRIGHT said he should vote for the motion on
the ground that scientific men at the present day had not
made up their minds as to what should be done with
sewage manure. Until that cptestion was determined
it would be impossible for them to say whether or not
they should carry the outfall line down the river.
Thu CHAIRMAN then put the original motion, when
there appeared—
For the motion l5
Against it
The motion was therefore negatived.
Mr. IRVINE then rose to move the subject of which he
generally
had given notice, which was fur the purpose of freeing
the Thames from offensive sewage matter, and prepar-
ing the same for apTiceitural purposes. In support Of
made of the public sewers,
choiswt;eiemansethietphreopdruee6e:diltul:g document, which
and the it judicious conclusions to which some persons
had rushed in the abolition of cesspools. The offensive
matter, it was alleged, might be removed in the night
by means of waggons from collecting sumptzi, and con-
vered into sewage manure for fertilising purposes,
which could not now be done when it was 111i:cid and
dtiu:ed with raiufali and subsoil water, Ho coneitLied
by moving " thot the wiginoer directed to report whe-
ther, j,id;;tnent, any practical 'nouns can be adopt-
ed for ti3o purpo,,e of diverting tLe oansivo eeaage
matter tile Thames other than those pointed out
in his r,?v,rt."
DAvis st,condet; the mo'.ion.
f-al,l that he had lately s Lel PA-
a:id 1.1 ;.thorn luquirtd as to what was done with
the scwai-o of f tat city, Ho .I,;und that is was itinoved
tic:u.ies at ..61eraille to the il,ha'ui-
tal!ts, cafe of it was a.; but unptokluctive.
put nod negatived.
The )urno . shortly b:!fors 5 o'clock
weLk.

taken by Mr.
THE LONDON COFFEE AND EATING HOUSE IKEEpErts,
—Yesterday evenit g the
BENEVOLENT ASSOCIATION.
committee of this association, with a number ot their
friends, assembled on the occa6ion of their annual supper
afftaFrdrieuegn:asthoens'
presidentTavein, of Tth:e_ c_ehoaci;t7ya sfo r the current
year, who was supported by Mr. Kirton, Mr. Baker,
Mr. Hammond, S. There weie upwards.of forty gen-
tlemen present. After the entertainment. which was on
a most liberal scale, ayd excellently horved, the chairman
proposed ~ Th. Queer,, Prince A!bert, Albeit Prince of
iWinauileesd'i:tiiedlytthllowrest the Royal Family," which wag
ed by " Prosperity to the Coffee and
Eating House Keepers sx)
A
—ciation. ' Mr. KirLon then
:tae's ..The President of the past year, Mr. Baker," and
tri doing so pressnted to that gentleman, on behalf of
the committee, A ‘,l ritt(-11 testimonial of his valuable ser-
vices to the 'association during his term of office—an
acknowledgment which was manifestly most cordially
opresent. Mr. Baker having briefly
returnedicr td ii
thanks,Mr. ogers proposed the health 0f
l'ilr. Herding, the president ; and Mr. Lawson, the vice-
curi by all
president, of the inetituzion. The Chairman and Mr-
Lawson respectively
returned thanks. Among the re-
B
maiiiing toasts ware "The past Presidents of the Asso-
ciation," no less than six of whom were present; The
Treasurer, Mr. Rirten, and the Committee and Mr.
gnat;"
The proceedings of
"The Secretary, Mr. Roere," etc.
the evening were highly satisfactory, and could hardly
" Tho Press ;" "The Visitors and Mr. Shaw;"
fail to conduct, indirectly at leapt, to the prosperity of
the excellent ikrAitution with which they were connected.

NEW LIBRARY AND MUSEUM AT LIVERPOOL.--The
prize of 150 guineas offered by the town council of
Liverpoul for the best design for s new-library and
!nuseurn has been awarded to Mr. Allow, of Thcrnhill
chambers, St, atiartin's-lane, and the second prize of 100
guineas to Mr. Holmes, of Bury—bath bubject to the
opinion of the surveyor as to whether these desigris can
ho executed for 20,001.