The Sun.
London, England, 1860-06-30 00:00:00

EDUCATION IN INDIA.

The Duke of MARLBOROUGH presented petitions
praying that the Bible might not be excluded from any
Government plan for the education of the natives of India.

TROTMAN'S ANCHORS.

The Earl of HARDWICKE called attention to the
answer that had been given in another place with respect to
Trotman's anchor. The question was one of great importance
especially to the navy, and consequently to the nation, and
the inquiry to which he alluded was whether or not
Trotman's anchors were not in general use in
the Royal Navy. The answer given to that ques-
tion was that they were not, in consequence of
their being generally objected to by the profes-
sion. He was there to give a most distinct denial to that
statement. The trials that had taken place proved that
Trotman's anchors instead of being the worst were the very
best, and this was borne out, in his opinion, by the fact
that her Majesty's yacht, the Victoria and Albert,
carried it. He had before him the opinion of a gentleman
who had been appointed to test the capabilities of a great
number of anchors, and in their opinion Trotman's was the
best and the Admiralty one was the very worst. The
Admiralty anchor broke at a strain of 18.17 hundredths,
and Trotman' a bore 23.30 hundredths. There were also
a number of figures attached to the other anchors tested,
which he would not trouble the house by repeating,
but the sum and substance of the report was that Trotman's
anchor was 28 per cent. better than the Admiralty anchor.
There had been some confusion with respect to other anchors,
but as the experiments that had taken place proved the
superiority of Mr. Trotman's invention, he would conclude
by asking whether there was any intention on the part of
the Admiralty to order any given number of them for the
royal navy.
The Duke of SOMERSET said that of all the anchors he
had ever heard of, Trotman's held with a tenacity above
all others in the lobby of the House of Commons. He
found by a report then before him that Trotman's anchor
was an improvement upon Procter's, but both were on the
same principle which had been condemned by the majority
on board ship. According to the opinions of nautical men
there was great uncertainty about anchors on Trotman's
principle holding the ground, and such being
the case he thought it a very great objection.
The preceding Board of Admiralty were as much
to blame as the present, if blame was to rest
anywhere, for the anchor referred to not being more
generally used. He had been informed that during
some very severe weather the whole of the ships
having the Admiralty anchor redo out in safety, nob one
having what was technically termed " dragged." The
merchant service had not fared so well, and he
believed they generally adopted Trotman's anchor. He
would not say that in the gale he referred to that the whole
of the merchantmen that broke away adopted Trotman's
anchor; that he could not be certain about. It seemed to
be the plan of all inventors now to convince the different
members of the other house to advocate their inventions,
and thus the House of Commons was made a large
advertising van. He had himself asked many
naval men their opinion of Trotman's anchor,
and they said it was a very good one to put away in the
hold, as it took up so little room—(laughter)—but that,
according to his view, was not exactly the use for
which anchors were intended. The late Board of Ad-
miralty refused to patronise the anchor of Mr. Trotman
because the naval profession did not think very highly
of it. He thought it was a question that ought to be left
to the naval profession, and he felt satisfied thot a fair trial
would be given to Trotman's anchor.
The Earl of HARDWICKE thought the answer of the
noble duke unsatisfactory. He talked about Trotman's
anchor receiving', !a fair trial, but they had been
already tried, and that most extensively, and at
great cost, and had come out supreme. The nobie
duke did not seem to think very highly of Mr. Trotman's
invention, but ho put it to him if it was right, in his own
opinion, the safety of the Queen of England ought to be
left to an unsafe anchor. If the anchor of the Royal yacht
was such as the noble duke seemed to think, he did hope
that it would be instantly removed from the vessel and one
of the Admiralty pattern supplied. He did not think
Captain Denman was of the same opinion as the noble duke
opposite.

The subject then dropped.
ENDOWED CHARITIES BILL.
This bill was read a second time.
LOCAL BOARDS OF HEALTH, &c., BILL.
This bill was read a second time.
SPIRITS (IRELAND) ACT AMENDMENT BILL,
This bill was read a second time.
BREAKWATERS AND HARBOURS.

The Marquis of CLANRICARDE moved that a select

committee be appointed to inquire how far it may be prac-
ticable to afford better shelter for shipping upon our coasts
than is at present afforded, by the adoption of some plan
for the construction of breakwaters and harbours less

costly, and better adapted for certain localities, than the
system of solid masonry hitherto in use; and whether any
such plan appears likely also to be serviceable for the im-
provement of our national defences.
The motion for the committee having been agreed to
without any discussion, their lordships adjourned.

HOUSE OF COMMONS.—(YESTERDAY.)
The SPEAKER took the chair at a quarter-past twelve
o'clock.

PRIVATE BUSINESS.

The Lords' amendments to the following bills were con-
sidered and agreed to :—Abergavenny Improvement;
Marchburn, Kelso, and Lauder Road ; Oswestry and
Newtown Railway (Additional Capital, &c.).

TENURE AND IMPROVEMENT OF LAND
(IRELAND) BILL.

The house went into committee on this bill and resumed
at clause 27, which was agreed to. Clauses to 31,inclusive
were also agreed to.
On clause 32,

Mr, LONGFIELD moved an amendment to the effect
that leases should not be granted for a less period than three
lives or 33 years. The bill proposed to facilitate the mak-
ing of leases, but it did not give the necessary terms for
leases that would be sufficient for ths purpose of inducing
the tenant to improve the land. He considered that 25
years' possession at least was requisite to remunerate a
tenant for his outlay, and if leases for a proper time were
granted the highest rent would be required and received
for land.

Mr. DEASY did not see any objection to the adoption
of the amendment, but suggested that it should be moved
as a separate clause.

Mr. LONGFIELD acceded to the suggestion, and with
drew tho amendment for the present.
The clause was then agreed to, as well as clause 33.
Clauses 34 and 35 were then agreed to.
_ _

On clause 36,

Mr. BLAKE moved to add at the end of the clause :
" And shall not be liable to eviction after commencing such
improvements, except for non-payment of rent (unless in
the opinion of the chairman the completion of same has
been needlessly delayed) until the expiration of the longest
period (according to the nature of the improvement)
named in clause 25, for agricultural improvements and
building leases."
After some discussion, the amendment was withdrawn.
On clause 37,

Mr. MAGUIRE moved the following amendment :
Line 41, leave out all after " and," and insert " if, upon the
hearing of the case before the chairman, it shall be proved
that the proposed improvements are not necessary, or that
they would be prejudicial to the estate, the tenant shall not
be entitled to commence such improvements; but in case
the chairman shall decide that the proposed improvements
are necessary,
.useful, and beneficial to the estate, the tenant
shall be enabled to proceed with the improvements in the
same way as if ho had received the assent of the owner."
The clause as it at present stood gave deadly effect to the
absurd apprehensions of a class of landlords who were
afraid that the tenant would improve out of thalami.
He believed that there were classes in Ireland
who would not avail themselves of the provisions of
this bill, and he proposed to make it compulsory on them
to do so. He thought the tenant ought not to be allowed
to make improvements that were not beneficial to the land
or that were not necessary for agricultural operations. At
the same time, however, they should not allow landlords to
obstruct necessary improvement. There was a continual
stream of emigration from Ireland which it was only the
policy to arrest, and if a stimulus were not imparted to the
industry of the country misery and disaffection would ine-
vitably ensue.

Mr. POLLARD URQUHART approved of the amend-
ment, but feared that its adoption would prevent the bill
passing through the House of Lords.
Mr. D. GRIFFITIIS considered there was much mis-
understanding in reference to the subject, and opposed the
amendment.

Mr. DEASY said that this was an amendment of great
importance, but would involve the destruction of the
measure, and it had proved fatal to the bills introduced by
three successive Governments. The present bill as it stood
dealt only with tenants from year to year, and if he desired
to avail himself of the privilege proposed to be conferred by
this amendment, the landlord might oust him as soon as he
attempted to carry out any improvements which he con-
sidered not reptisite.
Mr. MONSELL said that the bill introduced by Lord
Aberdeen's Government failed in regard to this provision
solely because it proposed a retrospective action. He denied

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