The Sun.
London, England, 1856-06-27 00:00:00

LONDON, FRIDAY, JUNE 27, 1856.

The further correspondence relative to the
alleged recruiting in the United States, and to
the Central American questions, have been pre-
sented to both Houses of Parliament by order of
her MAJESTY. The despatches from Mr. MARCY
have already appeared in our columns, and we
give, in another part of this day's impression,
the important parts of the additional correspond-
ence, namely, the answer or defence of Mr.
CRAMPTON to the accusations of Mr. 11/lARcY, and
on which he was summarily dismissed from the
United States, and bearing date the 19th June
inst. ; and the letters of the Earl of CLARENDON
to Mr. DALLAS, dated the 26th June, in refer-
ence to the Enlistment and the Central American
questions.

The latter are very important documents, ex-
hibiting the views which her MAJESTY'S Govern-
ment-have, after due deliberation, taken of the
points in dispute between the Cabinets of St.
James's and of Washington. On the former
point they fully and completely acquit Mr.
CRAMPTON and his fellow-sufferers of the charges
preferred against them. They declare, that
" having carefully examined the additional docu-
ments, they do not find in them any evidence
worthy of belief which should shake the confi-
dence which they have reposed in the assurances
of Mr. CRAMPTON, and of the Consuls ;" and add,
that they " retain the high opinion which they
have ever held of the zeal, ability, and integrity
of Mr. CRAMPTON, and of the earnest desire by
Which he has been animated to avoid all just
cause of offence to the Government to which he
was accredited ;" and that they " entertain simi-
lar convictions as to the conduct of her MA-
JESTY'S Consuls at New York, Philadelphia, and
Cincinnati."

The retention of Mr. DALLAS in this country,
and the continuance of diplomatic intercourse is,
we are bound to say, Pl 4 in as graceful a form
as was practicable under the cirournatanoes.
Lord
CLARENDON makes a much better excusefor Mr.
PIERCE than he offered fur himself. Re aecevtis
the formal and repeated declarations of the Pre,
sident's belief that these officers had violated
the laws of the Union, and, therefore, while
regretting a proceeding, which, cannot but
be considered as of an unfriendly character,
t has not been considered necessary to suspend
diplomatic intercourse with Mr. DALLAS. The
best is thus made of a very bad job ; and although
we believe that treating Mr. DALLAS in a similar
manner would have been far more conducive to
the honour and interests of-the United Kingdom,
We may consider that the enlistment difficulty has
been removed, and that no further questions will
be direotly raised in reference thereto.
The Central American paints, for three issues
have been raised_those relating to the protecto-
rate of the Mosquitos, the district of Belize, and
to Ruatan and the Bak Islands—are still greatly
involved. The PIERCE-MAscY Government would
be quite willing to submit to arbitration if quite
satisfied that the award would be in their favour.
Should'it, however, decide against their interpre-
tation, then it will be disregarded. This is the
equitable and conciliatory spirit in which the
PLERCE•MARCY Cabinet approaches the difficulty

—a spirit which is in the highest degree insulting
to the nation with which it is at issue.

The answer of Lord CLARENDON is dignified
and conciliatory, and we may add perfectly con-
clusive as to the merits of the case. It shows,
beyond the possibility of doubt, that the offers of
arbitration had been repeatedly made, and also,
from the very terms of the article, that both
Governments retained the rights which they had
previously enjoyed, when those rights were not
expressly limited or abandoned ; in other words,
that the operation of the Treaty was prospective,
and not retrospective.
The protectorate exercised in behalf of the
Mosquito Indians is plainly indicated in the
Ist Article—" Nor will either make use of any
protection which either affords or may afford," &c.
Surely when protection is thus expressly provided
for, no difficulty can now be fairly raised in con-
sequence thereof ; nor can we be called on to act
in a manner inconsistent with the national honour
under the specious pretext that the obligation is
imposed by a well-considered treaty. As to
Belize, the only matter seems to be the fixing of
boundaries ; while, with respect to Ruatan and
the Bay Islands, there are two questions to be
disposed of-Ist, When did our rights commence,
whether in 1839 or 1852 ? and, 2dly, Whether
is the Treaty prospective or otherwise? If no
amicable arrangement can be agreed on be-
tween the parties, arbitration is the only
remaining course. However trifling may
be the matter in dispute, no nation desi-
rous of maintaining its prestige can afford
to yield to a bullying demand, which endeavours
to gain its object by bluster and bravado. We
shall gladly agree to any reasonable solution of
the difficulty, but will not surrender on compul-
sion a rood of ground to which we have a fair and
reasonable claim.

Notwithstanding all the threats of M. WALEW-
SKI against the Belgian Press, and the wrath of
Austria with that of Sardinia, it appears pretty
plain that tyrants do not find their repressive
system all gain. Both in this country and that
- of our noble ally, secret societies are, we may say,
unknown, and Belgium also is free from them.
So are Norway and Sweden, where the Press is
free. Where all parties can utter their feelings,
and advocate their views by argument, they have
little or no temptation to conspire. The poig.
nard is the offspring of a fettered, not a free Press.
- Large numbers of men always prefer to advocate
their views in public ; give them rope and they
will use it. There may be plenty of enthusiastic
folly, and of Utopian impracticable schemes con-
tended for, but the enthusiast and the visionary
rarely do much harm in this world of hard facts.
The conspirator, on the other hand, can make a
negative revolution, at least, at any time ; and
cm silence in a moment the counsels of a HENRY
IV. or a WILLIAM of Orange. • The revolutions
of France, and those of Europe in 1848, have
also shown sufficiently how much secret and revo-
lutionary understanding may exist in countries
where the Press is not allowed to be the channel
of men's aspirations and schemes.
At the present moment Italy (Sardinia excepted)
and France are teeming with conspiracies. The
patriot MAZZINI feels it necessary openly to warn
his countrymen against the use of the dagger.
The clerical party in Italy have a band of conspi-
rators sworn by a most horrid oath, the sansfedesti,
whose duty it is to stab to order any man of
liberal sentiments. This naturally stimulates to
retaliation, and all rettdiation of this kind
paraded as proof of tl,- original and it
riadness of liberals pr; ?les, and of thc..
ake goaded to avongb companions. S
pletely has the tyranny of Austrian Italy,
brutalbravery of her soldiersagainst the unarmed,
and the want of any legitimate means of proclaim-
ing grievances and seeking redress exasperated the
Italians, that the great mass of the respectable
portion of the population would think it no sin
against GOD or man to plunge a dagger into the
heart of every Austrian in Lombardy and
the rest of Italy. Of course in Naples things
are, if possible, worse.
It is mortifying to Englishmen to see too much
of the same state of things with our nearest ally.
While we cannot wish to compare the French
EMPEROR with BOMBA. of Naples and him of
Austria, yet the fact is that his government is
avowedly a pure despotism. His Legislative Body
arid Senate are but the nomin-e's umbra; one will
rules even more supremely than in Naples or
Austria ; the worst is that will will bear no coun-
ter arguments. It dares not face discussion. The
most vivacious and intellectual nation in the
world—the modern Athenians, have no place
where to make their thoughts and speculations
known. Even the debates such as they are, are
not permitted to bereported entire, but must pass
asder the scissors of the Censor ! No meetings
for political discussion are permitted, and th e
newspapers exist on geod behaviour ; good be-
haviour consisting in squaring themselves to the
views of the one sole thinker for the nation.,

Every man of p3litic intelligence is silenced,
unless his intelligence conform to the mould pre-
pared for it. Every man of political activity is
banished unless his activity he put in motion by
Imperial spring 3.

We do not discuss now the necessity or other-
wise of all this. We must leave that to France
and her ruler. It cannot be doubted, however,
that to this cause must be attributed the vigour,
the number, and dark concealment of the Secret
Societies, which, according to the best obtainable
information, cover so large a part of France.

Some few imprudent individuals are laid hold of
by the police, but the vast affiliated body appears
to have been untouched. Our readers will have
seen in The Sun frequent advertence to their
existence and secret activity. It cannot, of course,
be easy to verify particulars, but the concurrent
testimony of independent observers makes it
pretty certain that, under various names, "La

Militante," "La Commune Revolutionaire,"
" Les Enfants de la Liberte," and the well-known

one, "La Marianne," an unknown host of So-
.

cialists, Republicans, Levellers, and probably in-
dignant, though perhaps illiterate, Patriots, too,
are tided together, in readiness for any oppor-
tunity Which may a- occur.
According to some accounts there are, notwith-
standing, a kind of local independence, all more
or less in connection with the formidable "Mari-
anne." Again, this would seem to be somewhat
comprehending under it many
ofof a generictheothe name,rs,wih, it is Said, are given merely
to put the authorities off the scent. Louis NA-
POLEON'S reliance is naturally the army; it brought
him into power, and did not scruple to shed in_
but it
nocent blood to accomplish that object ;

appears that the army itself is becoming fast

pregnated with Socialist views. That this was the

case before the revolution is well known, and the

bravest portion of the army was that from which
the " nons" predominated on the first ballet.

Nor is there any sure means of knowing the

extent of the mischief or of preventing it. The

regiments are shifted as often as possible, if sus•

pected, but the result may easily be only that of

- _
spreading the infection yet further. A bad bar-