The Sun.
London, England, 1856-05-26 00:00:00

THE SUN, LONDON MONDAY EVENi at MAY 26, 1856.

LINES

MARKET NEWS.—(This Day.)

LITERARY ASSOCIATION OF THE
FRIENDS OF POLAND.

CORN EXCHANGE.

The leading country markets held on Saturday were
but moderately supplied with wheat, yet all kinds moved
off slowly on easier terms. The barley t &le was very dull,
and the quotations hail a downward tendency. Oats,
beans, peas, and flour wore steady.
The continental markets continue firm for wheat and all
other produce. Our Now York advices state that large
supplies of both wheat and flour continued to come for-
ward.

On Saturday the 24th anniversary of the Literary Asso-
ciation of the Friends of Poland took place at the rooms of
the institution, Sussex-chambers, Duke-street, St. James's,
and was very numerously and influentially attended.
The Marquis of Breadalbane, the president, occupied the
chair, and amongst the noblemen and gentlemen present
were the Marquis of Townshend, Earl Fortescue, the Earl
of Harrington, the Right Hon. the Lord Mayor, Earl Fitz-
william, the Earl of Zetland, Viscount Raynham, M.P.,
R. Alonckton Manes, Esq., M.P., Joseph Ferguson, Eq.,
M.P., Isaac Butt, Esq., M.P., Colonel 11. Salway, the
Rev. Dr. Worthington, &c.
The noble CHAIRMAN, in opening the business, observed
that as the present period was especially critical as regarded
the interests of that unhappy country, which demanded the
care of that association, and formed the bond of their union,
he (the noble president) was most anxious that nothing
should be said or done there that day that could in the
least prejudice its present position or future prospects.
In the first place, he must express his regret that the
events of the last year afforded no grounds of congratula-
tion, as he believed it might truly be said, that the great
Polish question had made no progress, either in the war or
by the peace. But though it had not advanced, neither
had it retrograded. It remained exactly as it was, founded
indeed on those immutable principles of justice and huma-
nity, its nature could not be changed. The flagrant im-
morality of the original act of spoliation must still be con-
sidered one of the greatest political curses and blunders
ever perpetrated by the European powers. (Applause.)
Though the nature, however, of the original act could not
be changed, its results and consequences might be, and
even now, by just concessions, and by a wise and benig-
nant
rule and policy, great political ameliorations might
be made, and liberty and happiness prevail where there is
now only slavery aad wretchedness. However ardent
their own feelings might be at that meeting, however
warmly interested in the important subjects that must
arise in their own minds, he (the noble President) did hope
they should agree on that occasion, that it would be pecu-
liarly unwise to enter too closely into the various topics of
political excitement, for thus advantage was often afforded
to parties holding inimical opinions. He urged his Polish
friends to receive this advice from one who had ever felt
the strongestf sympathy for them in their attachment to
their beloved country, illustrious by so many heroic cha-
racters. Poland as a nation must ever remain renowned in
history, and the Poles illustrious for all their glorious deeds.
Throughout the world they already possessed the esteem
and admiration due to their inflexible constancy, and
patience amidst the trials they had encountered, and when
duty called them to war they had ever been in the fore-
most
ranks to prove their courage and prowess. It might
be destined for the inscrutable purposes of Divine Provi-
dence that the restoration of Poland should be
achieved under the olive tree of peace rather than during
the thunder of war. Already to the throne of Russia had
ascended a monarch, whose disposition seemed more fa-
vourable to improvement and liberal ideas and views. He
therefore urged the patriotic Poles, whilst they still retained
that constancy and courage for which they were prover-
bial, to be guided by prudence and moderation, as by that
means their most ardent desire for a happy future to Po-
land was most likely to be accomplished. By that means
it might be designed that those noble patriots now exiled
in foreign climes might again breathe the air of their be-
loved country, its nationalities be recognised and secured,
and a government suited to its wants and wishes, with just
and generous laws, be firmly established. (Loud applause.)
Earl FORTESCUE moved the first resolution, " That,
whilst our minds remain unchanged as to the merits of the
great Polish question, still, considering the peculiar circum-
stances of the present period, this association does not con-
sider it expedient to take any course or pronouace any opi-
nion that might in the least prejudice the cause of Poland
in the opinion of any of its friends. Its determination,
therefore, is to wait events, in'the anxious hope that some-
thing may yet be done for the Polish nation, if not coma
mensurate with its wants and wishes, yet permanently
conducive to its general prosperity, and not inconsistent
with its national honour." The noble lord observed,
whilst agreeing with the recommendations of his noble
friend, the president, upon the desirability of expressing
their opinions with calmness and forbearance at the pre-
sent time, he bagged leave to declare that he gave up none
of the opinions he had ever held as to the immutable jus-
tice of the cause of Poland in her right to a restoration to
her nationality, and of his deep regret that the question of
such restoration had not been made a part and parcel of
the terms of the present peace. (Cheers.)
Mr. FERGUSON, M.P., seconded the resolution, and it
was carried unanimously.
Mr. W. L. BIRKBECK, the bon. secretary, read the re-
port, which, after noticing the concert given by the Princess
arcelline Czartoryski, at the house of the Marquis of
Breadalbane, from which the funds of the association de-
rived a clear profit of 4851. 18s. Gd., stated that the total
income of the association for the current year had amounted
to 7391. 14s. Gd., and the expenditure to 8901., of which
2181. 11s. had been expended in relieving 535 cases of dis-
tress. The council alleged that the rejection, at the great
meeting on the Bth of August, in St. Martin's-hall, of a
petition to Parliament in favour of Polish independence,
and the formation of a Polish legion, was due to the efforts
of the gentlemen who considered that all measures for the
benefit of Poland should be postponed until Lord Palmer.
ston had been dismissed from office, and that occurrence
had prevented a general manifestation of public feeling in
favour of Poland throughout this country. It was not
until the month of November last that arrangements were
made ;for the enlistment of Polish volunteers in
the pay of England, under the name of " Cossacks of
the Sultan ;" but, notwithstanding the short period
which elapsed before peace was concuded, and the dis-
couragements which Polish volunteers had previously met
with, about 2,000 men enrolled themselves, and now
formed a body conspicuous for their soldier-like appearance
and excellent behaviour. The report referred to several
occasions in which Polish refugees had rendered essential
service to the allies during the war, and particularly to the
instance of the brave Capt. Dymock's interpreter, wbo, by
addressing the Russian soldiers in their own language, and
telling them that they were surrounded, had induced them
to fly, leaving their artillery, at the passage of the Ingour.
The report expressed a hope that the English Government
would use its best endeavours, in pursuance of the pledge
given to the Polish volunteers for the purpose of inducing
the Turkish Government to maintain this valuable force,
notwithstanding the termination of the war, and after no-
ticing the petition addressed to her Majesty, and the me-
morial presentel to Lord Palmerston on behalf of the as-
sociation during the progress of the negotiations at Paris,
it proceeded to point out that the war had demonstrated
the insufficiency of Germany as a barrier to resist the en-
croachments of Russia; and showed that the assertions so
frequently made by persons unacquainted with Poland,
that there were no longer Poles to be found except amongst
the nobility, and the political refugees was a mere inven-
tion unsupported by a shadow of evidence. That, wherever
on opportunity had been offered by the Polish private sol-
&era of bearing arms against Russia, they had seized it
with the utmost eagerness, and had thus formed the fallacy
of the statement that the class from which they are taken,

Very moderate arrivals of English grain were reported
up to our market last week. The imports from abroad
were 2,476 quarters of wheat, 2,262 barley, 7,123 oats,
90 beans, 2,078 linseed, 3,626 rapeseed, 33 sacks and 8,299
barrels of flour.

The supply of English wheat received fresh up to-day
from Essex and Kent, coastwise and by land carriage,
was moderate ; but we had several of last week's unsold
samples on offer. The attendance of millers was by no
means extensive, and the demand for all kinds of wheat of
home produce ruled very inactive, and in most instances
the quotations had a downward tendency, the fall being
is per quarter. The general quality of the samples was
tolerably good, but at the close of business a largo portion
of the supply was unsold.
There was about an average quantity of foreign wheat in
the market. Fine qualities were held firmly at full quota-
tions; but the business doing in all descriptions was
trifling. Floating cargoes were held at full prices.
The show of both English and foreign barley was mode.
rate and the trade ruled steady at about last week's quota-
tions.

Malt, the show of which was rather limited, moved off
slowly on former terms.
We had only a limited supply of oats on sale, and the
demand ruled active at 6d to is per quarter above last
Monday's prices.
There was an improved sale for beans at is per quarter
more money. Peas were likewise is per quarter dearer.
The flour trade was inactive and the currencies were
with difficulty supported.

CURRENCY PER IMPERIAL MEASURE.

Wheat—Essex & Kent, -
Red •• new 583 to 703
Ditt0........ old —s —3
Ditto, White new 60s 74s
Ditt0........ old —s —s
Norfolk and Lin-
coln, Red, old —s —Bl
Ditto new •••••• 58s Os
Rya—Old •• •• —s —Bl
New ........•• .. 45s 47s
Barley—Grinding ..... 30s 333
Malting ...•• 31s 368
Chevalier.... . • 382 —s
bitlt—SaffolkandNor-
-743 788
Brown ......• ........ C3s 6651

•Malt—Chevalier .... 78s to 80s
Oats Yorkshire and
Line°lusk.,Feed 19s 22s
Potato ...... • 23s Ns
Youghal and Cork
Black. •• .• 19s 22,
Cork, White ... .. 2is 2551
Scotch, Feed. •• •• 26s 30s
Beans—Tick •.. •• •• 34s 38s
Pigeons ...... 38F 42s
Peas—Grey .... •• •• •• 34s 36s
Maple. •• •• •• •• 35s 38s
White....... •• •• 39s 42s
Boilers •• •• •• 43s 46s
Flour—Town-made... 63s 65s
Suffolk • •• •... •• 48s 518

........
KinestenandWare 75s '7Bs

Stooktn & Norfolk 47s 5013

METROPOLITAN CATTLE MARKET.

The imports of foreign stock into London last week were
but moderate—the total supply amounting to 1,761 head.
In the corresponding week in 1855 we received 2,673 ; in
1854, 3,185 ; in 1853, 3,133 ; in 1852, 2,703 ; in 1851,
1,168; ani in 1850, 1,926 head.

IMPORTS INTO LONDON LAST WREN.

From Beasts.
Harlingen 6 0 ...
Ostend
Calais — ...

Sheep. Lambs. Calves. Pigs.
837 ... 35 ... 19 ...
29 ... ... 27 ...

Rotterdam ,,,
Amsterdam
Hamburgh
Opert•
Antwerp — ~.

185 ..: 4 ::: 100 ... -
- ... -
... - ... 15

260 ___

••• -

T0ta1.... 223 ... 1,311 39 ... ISS

The yearly'somparison of weekly imports is as follows :
Beasts. Sheep. Lambs. Calves. Pigs.
1855 962 ... 1,253 84 343 ... 31
1854 614 ... 1,976 135 451 ... 19
1853 636 1,847 137 483 28
1852 470 1,723 ... 94 382 ... 34
1851 72 596 106 301 ... 93
1850 325 1,262 6 333 ...
We had a much better show of foreign stock in to-day's
market that for some time past. Amongst it were over
200 oxen from Spain and Portugal.
The arrivals of beasts put up from our own grazing tEs-
tricts were moderate as to number, but in full average
condition, especially the Scots from Norfolk. There was
a large number of buyers in attendance, yet the beef trade
was in a sluggish state. at Friday's decline in the quota-
tions of 2d per 81bs. The highest price for beef was 4s 6d
per 81bs.
From Norfolk, Suffolk, Essex, and Cambridgeshire, we
received 2,700 Scots and short horns ; from other parts of
England, 400 of various breeds ; from Ireland, GO oxen ;
and from Scotland, 360 horned and polled Scots.
The show of English sheep was seasonably good, and is
excellent condition. There was rather more demand for
most breeds than on Friday, yet that day's decline in price
of from 2d to 4d per 81bs was not exceeded. It must be
understood that our table of quotations now refers to sheep
out of the wool. The few Downs, in the wool, realised
bs 6d—out of the wool, 5s per Blbs.
We were rather scantily supplied with lambs, which
sold, rather freely, at Friday's decline. The top price was
6s 2d per Blbs. About NO lambs came fresh to hand from
the Isle of Wight.
There was as improved demand for calves, at last Mon.
day's currency. The best veal was worth 5s 6d per 81bs.
The pork trade ruled dull, but no change took place in
prices.

Per Sibs to sink the offale.
- s. d. s. d. I s. d. s. d.
Inferior Beasts.... 3 oto 3 4,PrimeSouthdown 410 5 0
Second quality.... 3 6 3 /Large crse. calves 4 0 410
Prime large oxen 310 4 2,Prime small do 5 0 5 6
Prime Scots, dn. 4 4 4 6iLarge hogs
Inferior Sheep ...3 6 310 Small porkers 4 4 4 8
Second quality _4 0 4 4 Suckling calves 22 0 29•
Prime crse.-wlled.4 6 4 8 Quarter old pigs 21 0 '27 0
Lamb, 5s 2d to 6s 2d.
TOTAL SUPPLY. I FOREIGN SUPPLY.

Beasts .. •• • • • • 3,865 Bes.sts• • ...• ............ . 345
Sheep and lambs ••21,360 Sheep .. ••• • .• b5O
Calves .. • • •• •• 94 I •• 47
A statement and comparison of the supplies and prices of fat
stock exhibited and sold in Smithfield Cattle Market, 'on
Monday, May 28, 1855, and in the Metropolitan Market
this day, Monday, May 26, 1856.
Per Blbs, to sink the offals.

May 28, 1855.111ay 26,1856
s. d. s. d. d. s.
d.
3 oto 3 4:3 oto 3 4
3 6 3 83 6 3 8
310 4 03 10 4 2
4 2 4 4;4 4 4 6

Coarse and inferior beasts
Second quality ditto „,
Prime large oxen
Prime Scots, &c „

Coarse and inferior sheep ...
Second quality ditto
Prime coarse woolled ditto
Prime Southdown ditto
Lambs
Large coarse calves

3 I
3 8
4 0
4 8
5 0
3 10

3 63 6
3 103 0
4 41t 6
5 o'4 10
6 10:5 2
4 64 0

Prime small ditto ... ... •.• ... 4 8 5 2,5 0 5 6
Large hogs ... 3 0 4 oi3 2 4 0
seat small porkers ... ••• ... 4 2 4 4,4 4 4 8
3,BEG
Sheep ... 20,470 21,360
..• 148 94
Pigs •••• ... 330 295
SUPPLIES ON SALE, May 29, 1854.—Beasts, 3,476; sheep
and lambs, 24,170; calves, 249; pigs, 300.
May 30, 1853. Beasts, 4,398 ; sheep and lambs, 25,680 ;
calves, 347 ; pigs, 215.

the peasantry have lost their ancient patriotisM' and been
converted into Russians. The report concluded by stating
the determination of the association to fulfil its primary
duty of proclaiming the truth respecting Poland.
The Rev. Dr. WORTHINGTON moved theadoption of the
report, and expressed his regret that the restoration of
Poland had not formed a part and parcel of the recent ne-
gotiations for peace. At the same time he must confess
that he felt much astonished at the silence of Poland dur-
ing the recent war.
The Earl of HARItINGTON seconded the resolution. He
had hoped that the late war in which we had been engaged
with Russia would have led to some advantages for, if not
to the restoration of, Poland. He confessed, therefore,
that he was much disappointed with the terms of the con-
clusion-of peace, and did not approve of it because he could
not believe that it was a permanent peace, but merely a
cessation of arms. Be it as it may, he thought this was
not a time when they should desert the cause of Poland.
The noble lord cited the will of Peter the Great, the main
point of which was to secure the subjugation of Poland in
order to aggrandise the whole power of Europe in the
hands of Russia, and contended that, in order to secure
the balance of power in Europe and a permanent and last-
ing peace, the restoration of Poland as a barrier to the fu-
tare aggressive policy of Russia was indispensable.
The resolution was put and carried nem. con.
The JLORD MAYOR, iu moving a vote of thanks to the
Princess Marcelline Caartoryski for the course she had
taken with a view of alleviating the sufferings of her dis-
tressed and ',exiled countrymen, expressed his deep sym-
pathy in the cause of Poland, and his admiration of the
objects of that institution.
Mr. MONCHTON MILNES, M.P., seconded the resolution,
and observed that he never anticipated that the late war
would work the regeneration of Poland, because he con-
curred with a great French statesman who knew a great
deal about Russia, who remarked that the moment the
war touched the question of Poland then Russia would
make peace. (Hear, hear.)
The Marquis of TOWNEGIEND moved, and Earl FITZWIL-
LIAM seconded, the re-election of ,the Marquis of Breadal-
bane as president of the association for the ensaing year,
which was carried unanimously amidst loud applause, and
the noble chairman returned thanks.

On the motion of Mr. REALES, seconded by Lord RAYN-
HAM, his grace the Duke of Sutherland, the Earl of Har-
rowby, the Earl of Scarborough, the Right Hon. the Earl
of Halaington, Earl Fitzwilliam, the Earl of Shaftesbury,
Earl Fortescue, and the Earl of Zetland, were elected
vice-president', and the council have also been appointed
for the ensuing year.
A deputation from the Polish Historical Society, com-
posed of Colonels Szyrina, Smolinski, and Zaba, presented
an address expressive of their gratitude for the services
rendered to their country by the friends of Poland.
Thanks were voted to the Marquis and Marchioness of
Breadalbane, for permitting the matinee musicale of the
Princess Czartoryski to be given,in their mansion, and for
the generous hospitality and courteous reception which
they extended to the company present on that occasion,
and to the distinguished artists who generously offered
their gratuitous services.
The Earl of ZETLAND moved, and Captain SzuLczuwsu

seconded, a vote of thanks to the noble chairman for pre-
siding over the meeting ; and after an acknowledgment
from him, and a few words from Mr. L. Birkbeck and Earl
Fitzwilliam, the meeting separated.

FOREIGN SUGAR.—Returns, moved for by Mr. Mof-
fatt, M.P., show that the gross quantity of unrefined
foreign sugar entered for home consumption in 1855
amounted to 2,321,434 cwt., against 2,439,291 cwt. in
1854, 1,531,978 cwt. in 1853, 682,526 cwt. in 1852,
and 1,379,040 cwt. in 1851. The quantity of refined
sugar and candy retained for home consumption was
277,897 cwt. The aggregate quantity of sugar of all
sorts obtained for home consumption last year was
2,599,331 cwt. Of the unrefined sugar 862,931 cwt.
were imported from Cuba, 255,741 from Porto Rico,
561,512 from Brazil, and 376,864 cwt. from the Philip-
pine Islands.
ATTACK ON A FAMILY BY A BIILL.—On Tuesday morn-
ing last, a bull being driven to a slaughter-house, near
Whitmore-lane, in Cardiff, dashed into Mary Ann-street,
and, being closely pressed by his pursuers, rushed into
a house, where the inmates, five in number, were at
breakfast, and commenced an indiscriminate attack.
Among them was a blind man named Harding, about
80 years of age, who was knocked down and so much
injured that his life is in danger. A. man named Elias
Williams was severely gored in his side by the infuriated
animal ; the whole of the articles of furniture, including
a clock, were smashed to pieces. A female and some
children were extricated through the window by a mili-
tiaman, who removed the fastenings with his bayonet
from the outside. The bull having broken a staircase and
through a partition-wall, turned round into the street,
and dashed up Charles-street and out of the town, when,
after a severe chase, he was driven into nu outhouse and
secured.