The Sun.
London, England, 1860-05-18 00:00:00

THE SUN, LONDON, FRIDAY EVENING, MAY 18, 1860,

may Wink of this sudden outburst of had
passions, now that, he is crooning over that wonder-
ful Commercial 7,lreaty of his, which was to have
bound England :at Id France together amicably in
secula sceculorum.,

COIIDEIT

The appeatanc;c of a pamphlet like that
just penned, by M. LE COMTE DU HAMEL
—no mere Noboc.lY,
mind you! but an indi-
vidual who was mad Prefect of the LOt in 1849 ;
in 1852, four or five months after the coup d'etat,
Prefect of the Pas de Calais; in 1855 of the Somme ;
in 1857 entering the L,Tislative Corps as Deputy,
and being created Officer of the Legion of Honour !
—the appearance, we say, of a pamphlet like this
one, from the hand of M. DU HAMEL, immediately
after the signing, sealing, and delivery of that mar-
vellous Treaty, is reaLly and truly, and seriously, a
bit of an anti-climax. It is—America must help us
to a word sufficiently expressive—it is just simply,
cautionary ! Let us look into it for a moment—
handling it delicately as we turn the leaves, lest
the mere friction of turning them should cause them
to go off like detonating mercury. What is it
France says, through M. DU HA3IEL, about our
Englisbialliance with the French Government? Here
is our ally's estimate of the sincerity of our
alliance. M. le Comte DU BOBADIL writes :
" England always sees with extreme pain a strong
and powerful Government in France. She always
applauds whatever can weaken our political health.
Never is she found more sympathetic towards our
country than when we are a prey to some internal
depression, not from any thought of coming to our
aid and seeking the means of re-establishing the
equilibrium, but because at bottom she feli-
citates herself at the situation which cir-
cumstances more or less adverse create for
us." An estimate of us and of our friendship so
exquisitely magnanimous on the part of this fire-
eating Frenchman ! One, moreover, that has been
so perfectly justified by events ever since the ter-
mination of the last 'great war ! Then as to the
feelings with which France in her turn regards
England and Englishmen—what says this wonder-
ful M. PAROLLES, the Gasconader ! Listen to him,
read his oracular utterances, and tremble as you
read, 0 Civis Britannicus ! Having the while a
due sense of gratitude to the " august Imperial
wisdom" thus beslavored by the Deputy Pam-
phleteer. Quoth M. DU HAMEL—" It has been
said that if ever a war was popular it would
assuredly be that which we should have with our
neighbours and friends on the other side of the
Channel. This is not new, bat it is true, what-
ever may happen. But no one in France, any
more than elsewhere, is ignorant that above all
these aspirations, and above all these feelings, ex-
pressed or kept down, there exists an august
thought, an Imperial wisdom, doing everything in
its own season, strong, energetic, and calm, and
whose powerful quos ego knows how to restrain
every impatience and moderate every passion.
This cuts short all interpretations and supposi-
tions, for it is known that nothing can force the
hand which this day holds the key of the temple
of JANUS." These, however, are mere rhetorical
hints of the deadly hatred of England seething
and smouldering in the heart's core of every
Frenchman, according to M. DU HAMEL—who at
last fairly screeches forth his gluttonous appetite
for the flesh, and insatiable thirst for the blood, of
all Englishmen in general ! Strongly reminding
us by his peculiarity of taste in this respect of that
hobgoblin ogre in the nursery tale of JACK and
the Bean-stalk, whose roar resolved itse if into the
melodious distich—
" Fee-Fi-Fo-Furn,
I smell the blood of an Englishman."
Thus does that extraordinary little French ogre,
M. DU HAMEL, announc.) the intention of France
in the instance of poor Mr. BULL—
" Let him be alive or let him be dead,
I'll grind his bones to make my bread."
The opening ejaculation comes with the relish of
an audible smacking of the lips—" Oh!" exclaims M.
DU HAMEL, " if matters had arrived at that point "
e., if the key could but at last be turned in the
lock of the Temple of JANUS with a scroop that
would cry havoc and let slip the dogs of war !]—" if
the high will which governs us judged that the
time had arrived for taking our revenge for Quibe-
ron and Waterloo ; if his energetic initiative had
let loose the eagle against the leopard, never would
national enthusiasm have excited to so high a
degree this warlike people of France, whose sword
is burning in the scabbard when the old words of
Down on the English ! ' and Mentjoie and St.
Denis !' struck their ears ! Children and old men
would shoulder the musket. Rich and poor would
carry their offering for that rising in arms against
our old enemies. If hundreds of millions rose
spontaneously for the Crimea and Italy, it would
be milliards that France would give for the war
against England. Not a fishing boat but would
arm to pass the Strait ; and the shade of the great
Emperor would contemplate this popular impulse,
and the book of history, which would not open at
such an hour but at the page of St. Helena." So
much for the effects of your Treaty, Mr. COBDEN !
Certainly this looks extremely like the end of the
third volume of the love story of England and
France, when the lovers after all their quarrels are
to be at length united, and to live happily together
for ever afterwards. We have only one emenda-
tion to suggest for the reprint of M. DU HAmEL's
pamphlet. And it is simply that instead of 1860
appearing at the bottom of the title page—the date
should be more explicitly given as " The Year One
of the Millennium."

LATEST NEWS.

GARIBALDI'S EXPEDITION.
The following telegrams were received at Mr.

Renter's office :
THE INSURRECTION IN SICILY.
PARIS, THURSDAY.
The Patrie asserts that the departure of the
French squadron for Naples has been provisionally
suspended.
The Opinione Nationale announces, on the con-
trary, that Admiral Jehenne has left for Naples
with four steamers, which vessels have been sent on
the demand of Baron Brenier, who apparently fore-
sees the approach of a revolution.
The Opinione Nationale also contains the fol-
lowing :

" It is rumoured that Messina is in the hands of
the insurgents."
It is said that a treaty of alliance, offensive and
defensive, has been concluded between Naples,
Itome, Austria, and all the deposed Italian sove-
reigns.

The Patric repeats with reserve the rumour that
5,000 men had embarked at Genoa, and disembarked
in the Gulf of San Stafano, near Orbetello, a town
in Tuscany, on the frontier of the Roman States.
It is rumoured that a provisional government has
been established at Marsala.

MARSEILLES, MAY 17.

The departure of the steamer for the coasts of
Italy, which should take place at mid-day, was
delayed four hours, it is supposed to await de-
spatches from the French Government.

The following despatch contains fuller informa-
tion than the one on the same subject published
yesterday :—" According to intelligence from Naples
of the 12th, the rumours that Garibaldi had made
an attempt on Calabria produced a complete panic
at the Court. The rich plate of the royal family,
the jewels, diamonds, and valuable pictures, were
packed up, in case of danger. A steamer had
arrived from Palermo with 200 fugitives. On the
10th a manifestation, composed of not less than
30,000 persons, had taken place in that town.
The troops remained silent and dispirited. The
agents of police hal taken offence at the display,
and, having firel, had killed or wounded six in-
dividuals. A shower of bouquets was thrown
from the balconies on the persons making the
demonstration. The next day four police agents
were found assassinated. The insurgents were
thought to be exceedingly numerous, for their
line of operations extended from Trepani to Mar-
reale. This last-named town was still in the
power of the Royal troops, but on the 10th it
had been obliged to support four attacks.

The following particulars of the landing of Gari-
baldi at Marsala are extracted from a private
letter :

" While on shore to-day, about 2.30 or 3 in the
afternoon, we entered a cafe. In a few minutes
several fellows entered—some in red, others in
plain clothes, all armed with muskets and bayonets.
Every one around seemed favourable to them. We
at once asked what was the matter, and were told
that it was a case of ' Viva Italia,' end Garibaldi
had landed. We immediately took a walk round
the town, and found the soldiers (patriots) had
possession. We wanted to go out towards the
country, but the officer in command, a fine-looking
fellow, told us that we could not pass without
an order from General Garibaldi. We therefore
returned to the mole for the purpose of getting on
board, and met more soldiers coming in. At the
mole gate we were again stopped, and there de-
tained until a pass from the General was procured
for us. On the mole we met fresh troops, who
had disembarked with arms, ammunition, &c. We
were informed that some 2,000 men had been
thrown into the town, and that more would soon
follow, the only thing they wished for being that
they might meet the Neapolitans. They all ap-
peared fine athletic fellows—just the sort to make
short work of a dish of macearoni. They landed
from two steamers close under the noses of the
Neapolitans, who, with two steamers and a sail-
ing frigate, had been constantly watching the coast.
The smallest of these vessels could easily have
prevented the landing, but she was too cautious
to attempt it. After the soldiers, however,
were safe on shore the Neapolitans closed in and
fired on the town, or rather at a few stragglers
on the mole—a mere waste of powder, for many
of the shots fell short, and those that did reach
terra firma merely ploughed np the earth that the
enemy had passed over. There is no doubt what-
ever but that one at least of Garibaldi's vessels,
particularly the rearmost, could have been cut off,
but no, they were afraid to try it on. After these
had been abandoned by the Italians they were taken
possession of at 6.30 p.m. by the Neapolitans, who,
however, displayed much hesitation, evidently
deeming discretion the better part of valour.' At
this moment, as we are in the act of leaving for
Malta, a steamer and frigate are opening on the
town, but the fire revives no return. Whether
they have artillery or not, we are unable to state.
We can only remark that we saw none. The people
in the town received Garibaldi and his followers
with open arms, appearing as if they had long ex-
pected them. At the time of the general's arrival
there were no Neapolitan troops in the tow x.
Owing to the shallowness of the water their large
ships could not approach."

A letter, dated Naples, May 12, says :—The
Elettrico came in from Palermo this morning, and
I have scarcely time to send you the contents of
two or three letters. One says, dated the 9th :
" The shops on the Cassano and the Toledo have
been opened by force, and are kept open by sbirri
and gendarmes. Cempanies of soldiers march up
and down the town ; in fact, the Government are
doing nothing but parading the armed force and
arresting the people. They are much alarmed
about the report of the approach of Garibaldi, and
the soldiers begin to be frightened ; the officers too
are sick of being kept constantly on the move."
" Palermo, May 12.—The steamer was detained by
order of Government. She was sent off the night
before last to cruise in search of Garibaldi, who has
not yet been found. We have been worse off than
ever these last two days—constant demonstrations,
and yesterday and the evening before, the people,
on being fired on, got foul of the police with knives,
and killed and wounded several. Some of the peo-
ple also were wounded, and by degrees we look for
another Sicilian Vespers. The people were never
more united, and are beginning to get desperate.
There has likewise been a riot with the troops
near Balestreri, to the east of Palermo." This is
from a good source, as also that the 10th regiment
of the line at the Mole showed symptoms of dis-
affection, and cried out, " Abasso it Colonello," &c.,
so that by degrees you will see things are beginning
to take the course predicted laj Lord John Russell.
The reports about Garibaldi have thrown the Go-
verrrnent into confusion, and the evening before
last all the steamers were again put in requisition,
and sent off in ev( ry direction. The Elettrico came
off yesterday afternoon. The demonstrations are no
longer in the Cassano and the Toledo, but in the
Marqueda and the off streets. In the forenoon yes-
terday there was not a person to be seen in the
streets, and the city and all the public resorts ap-
peared to be dead. The working people, too,
knocked off work at the same time, which added
to the general gloom. Towards evening, about
seven o'clock, the numerous sentries surround-
ing the writer's house and the bank were very
much alarmed, and carried their muskets in
hand, ready to fire in any direction, appearing, at
the same time, exceedingly nervous and excited,
There is a report in Naples that a telegraphic
dispatch has been received from Tunis, apprising

the Government of the arrival of Garibaldi there
with 800 men. Certainly there is great alarm felt
here ; and, amongst other troops, the 3d (foreign)
Regiment has orders to embark—this regiment con-
sists principally of Austrians. I confirm what I
have said of the provinces ; the Calabrias and
other parts are ready, and a spark would set them
in a blaze.

A letter dated Naples, May 14, says :—" On
Saturday last, four steamers left Naples for Sicily
with troops and artillery. Government is now
informed of the landing of Garibaldi at Marsala,
and of the fact of his being at the head of 25,000
armed insurgents. Fire-arms have been landed
on the Calabrian coast, and the whole of the
end of the boot is now in a state of revolt. The
King has gone to Portici, near Naples, having
ordered a steamer to be in readiness to take him to
Gaeta. Government keeps from us all Sicilian
news ; but we know from one or two English mer-
chants Who have fled from Sicily that the revolu-
tion is now universal. Mr. T—, just arrived,
says the Bourbons have not half-a-dozen Sicilian
friends in the whole island. A demonstration
took place at Palermo on the 9th, when the
ladies of the highest families descended into the
streets and mingled with the crowd, placing them-
selves in front of the troops as if inviting them to
fire. The royal forces remained spectators, and
heard the cries of " Live Italy !" " Live King
Victor Emmanuel !" Prince Castelcicala, the Go-
vernor of Sicily, has received orders to bombard
Palermo, Messina, and other towns when Gari-
baldi advances on those places, which he is
expected. to do. The royal forces were rapidly
coming in from all the outposts, and throwing up
fortifications round Palermo. The shops were
closed, and all business suspended. Large rewards
were offered for the head of Garibaldi, and the
military had orders to fire on all groups of
persons beyond the number of three. Several police
and military had been assassinated at Palermo and
Messina. All foreigners had fled ; many were on
board the English, French, and Sardinian vessels,
and many had got on to Malta. Such is the report
of the state of Palermo as given me by an English
merchant. Here the Government circulates
nothing but falsehoods, and Carafa telegraphs lie
to the foreign Governments of Europe. There
exists a strong desire in Naples to get up a
revolution, and yet I think no more will take
place. Night and day soldiers and spies crowd
the streets; half the young men of Naples are in
prison, or fled to the country. Up till a day or two
ago the King drove down the Chiaja, bowing to all
he passed ; now they say his Majesty is tho-
roughly alarmed, and will ere long shut Himself
up at Gaeta, like his late father. The King has
ordered his Ambassadors in London and Paris to
wait on the Queen and the Emperor. Despatches
have been sent to Lamoriciere and the Pope, and
aid has been asked from Austria. The Neapolitans
of the provinces are ready to rise, but they want arm.-.
Still you may expect to hear of a general movement
in the Continental dominions of this kingdom.
The troops do not like the idea of going to Sicily,
as they are in mortal fear of Garibaldi's men. The
King's uncles have again implored his Majesty to
adopt conciliatory measures, but all in vain. We
shall witness his flight some day, and the annexa-
tion of this kingdom to the Crown of Piedmont,
which is the hope and wish of Neapolitans. The
Marquis Villamarina, the Piedmontese Ambassador,
has assured M. Carafa, our Minister of Foreign
Affairs, that his Government used every effort to
prevent the Garibaldi expedition. Mr. Elliot has
received despatches from Lord John Russell, in the
old tone, calling on the King to mend his ways.
M. Brenier tells me the Emperor wishes the policy
of France and England to be the same towards
Naples; and I must say the English and French
Ministers appear to work together.
I have just heard of another landing of 1,800 men
in Sicily, said to have sailed from the Tuscan coast.
Garibaldi is preparing to march on Palermo, says
a Consular authority.

(From the London American.)

At the same time the telegraph furnished intel-
ligence of General Garibald's departure for Sicily
the mail brought an account of the active partisan-
ship of the United States Consul at Palermo in the
struggle between the detestable King of Naples
and his subjects. Mr. Barston is so active in the
tyrant's cause that the agents of other nations,have
refused, it is said, to associate with them.
Unfortunately for the credit of America, and the
interest of liberal Governments, this is not the first
time that America has been disgraced by her offi-
cial representatives abroad. Our informant states
that Mr. Barston has been converted to Catholicism,
and assigns this fact as the probable cause of his
active sympathies for the Catholic King of Naples.
His conduct seems to indicate that he has become
a convert to the basest despotism that ever dis-
graced Europe.
We have no personal dislike to Mr. Barston ;
in fact we never heard of him before, and at
the present time are unable to say -whether he
was born in Europe or America. We have
no objections to the United States Consul at
Palermo attending mass, even with a despot, so
long as his devotions are confined to their legi-
timate sphere. It is only when Mr. Barston
makes his religious opinions a political engine
to advance the cause of despotism that we find
fault with him and his religion. It was said Gen.
Garibaldi would receive no aid from this Mr.
Barston, provided he was fortunate enough to
escape the Bourbon Fleet, and to effect a landing
in Sicily.

Gen. Garibaldi has asked no aid, and surely will
expect none from any foreign representative in

lie knows, how ever much America may
sympathise with his noble devotion to the
cause of Italian independence, that non-inter-
ference with European affairs is a cherished
principle of the American Government. What
Garibaldi might, however, reasonably expect was
the strongest sympathy of the representative of a
nafion that has sacrificed so much to obtain her
own independence. The rule of George HI. seems
perfect justice when compared with the tyranny of
this young Bourbon.

Whatever may be the feelings of Mr. Barston,
General Garibaldi's attempt to assist this oppressed
people will have the enthusiastic sympathies of all
true Americans. We care not who is the instiga-
tor of this expedition, so long as it results in the
substantial freedom of the people. Sardinia may
have political reasons for permitting Garibaldi's
departure—France may have her motives for
encouraging the insurrection in Sicily, and Epp,*
land hers for regarding Garibaldi as a pirate.
With these we have nothing to do. But the king-
dom of Naples has been a curse to its people and a
disgrace to humanity long enough, and we hope the
day will soon come when the present dynasty will
terminate, and the people be free to select their own
form of government.
As long as this Bourbon's subjects remained pas-
sive, the kingdom of Naples was the most powerful
Government in Europe. She returned a scornful
answer to the Western Powers, though the
allied English and French fleets were in her
ports. She knew that, however much they
hated the kingdom of Naples they feared
the republic of Naples more. She ille-
gally seized English subject on the high seas,
and detained them for months in dungeons, with-
out even the form of a trial. What did Naples care
for England's protests ?
The Western Powers advised the late King to
grant moderate reforms to his people, and he re-
plied by exiling his best subjects, andZexecuting
suspected political offenders. The rule of the
father was clemency to the oppression of the son.
The King's minions in the present insurrection
have committed deeds that would shame savages.
They have spared neither women nor children.
Still, this bloodthirsty tyrant receives the active
assistance of the American Consul.

If there is anything America can pride herself
of, it is the protection she has always granted to
persons within her jurisdiction. Yet Naples is said
to have arrested a political offender, with impunity,
While standing under our national flag. This dis-

graceful conduct on the part of an American cap-
tain, if it does not receive the condemnation of the
United States authorities, will be resented by the
whole nation. The police relied, it is said, on the
good will of Mr. Barston. To this same police
officer, in a similar case, the commander of a Russian
vessel said, pointing to his national flag, "He is
in Russia now."

The conduct of the representative of Imperial
Russia presents a contrast to the action of the repre-
sentative of Republican America, certainly not flat-
tering to our national vanity.
Since the revolution of 1848 despotism has at-
tempted to silence free opinion in Europe. But,
though less demonstrative now than before the
revolution, it has gained vastly in real strength.
Public opinion has never in modern times exer-
cised so great a power over European Governments.
Even Austria is granting reforms to her discon-
tented subjects.
There has never been a time during our national
existence that it was so important that we should
have representatives in Europe who sympathise
with this liberal sentiment.

We trust our Government will investigate the
alleged misconduct of Mr. Barston, and, if these
rumours prove well founded, remove him from
office, as a warning to all our anti-republican re-
presentatives abroad.

POLA, MAY 17.

In consequence of Garibaldi's departure for
Sicily, the Austrian Government has resolved to
send a flotilla to cruise off the coasts of the island.
All war steamers which were stationed in our port
have been united under the command of the Corn-
mandore Niillersdorf, and hare set sail for Sicily.

TRIESTE, MAY 18.

In consequence of orders received from Vienna,
our central maritime Government will in a few days
address a circular to all foreign consuls, respecting
the treatment of vessels belonging to any port of the
Italian countries annexed to Piedmont. As regards
merchant vessels belonging to a port of the former
Sardinian mon archy,a&it was constituted by the trea-
ties of 1815, they will be admitted without difficulty
to ports of Austria under the Sardinian tricolour
flag. Vessels, however, belonging to Tuscany, to
the Legations, or to any other country annexed to
Piedmont, will have to strike the tricolour flag
before entering an Austrian port, and may never
hoist it during their stay in Austria. With the
exception of this restriction, all these vessels will
be at liberty to pursue their commercial operations,
and will enjoy the same treatment as all other
foreign flags which have been officially recognised.