The Sun.
London, England, 1860-02-03 00:00:00

PRESENTS.- ORNAMENTAL and SCIEN-
TIFIC.—ORNLMENTS for the Drawing-room, Library,
and Dining-room, consisting of anew and elegant assortment
of VASES, Figures, Groups, Candlesticks, Obelisks, Inkstands,
beautiful inlaid Tables, Paper weights, hc., in I talian,Alabas-
ter, Marble, Bronze, Derbysbire Spar, kc. Imported and
manufactured by JAMES TENNANT, Mineralogist to her
Majesty, 149, Stand, W.C., London.
Mr. Tennant arranges elementary collections of SHELLS,
SIINERALS, and FOSSILS, which will greatly facilitato
the interesting study of MINERALOGY, CONCIIOLOGY,
and GEOLOGY, at 2,5, 10, 20, 50, to 100 guineas each.
PRACTICAL INSTRUCTION in GEOLOGY and MINE-
IIALOG Y is given by Mr. TENNANA at 149, Strand, W.C.

THE CAWNPORE MASSACRE.

The following memorandum upon the events con-
nected with the Cawnpore mutiny and massacre has
been prepared by Lieutenant-Colonel Williams,
Military Secretary to Government in the North-
W‘stern Provinces :

Forty-two depositions from persons of all classes
and creeds—Christians, Mahomedans, and Hindoos
—have been recorded, and valuable evidence ob-
tained from respectable and influential residents in
the city. These depositions, together with the
native journal of a city resident, have been translated
and relate the first attempts made by the Nana
to tamper with the troops, his ready success, the
earliest meeting held by the conspirators, and their
proceedings ou and subsequent to their mutiny, from
the Ist of June to the advance of the British force
in July. The evidence shows the Nana's brother,
Bala Sahib, to have taken as (if not more) active
and prominent a part as even the Nana himself.
There are no trace of any conspiracy prior to the
arrival of the Nana at Cawnporeou the 22d of May,
1857, with the two:guns and 300 harsetend foot, for
the avowed purpose of aiding in the maintenance
of order. But about that time it would seem that
two Sowars—the one named Eahem Khan, of
Bishenpore, near Bithoor, the other Muddut Alee,
of Banda, and in the service of the Nana—wereem-
ployed by Bala Sahib to corrupt the fidelity of the
tr,tops. The 2d Cavalry, already ripe for mutiny,
neeJed but little persuasion, Soabadar Tecka
Singh, Havildar•MPior Gopal Singh, and Sowers
Shumsh-ood-deen-Khan, Sheik Boolakie, Sirdar
Beg, and Rai Singh, are said to have taken the
lead among them ; and at dusk on the evening of
the Ist of June met the Nana and Bala Sahib at
Manjhee ghat, where they had a consultation is a
boat that lasted two hours. Upon this fact being
brought to the notice of the magistrate, the Nana
plausibly accounted for it by stating it to have been
held for the adoption of measures that should keep
the troops firm aad loyal; whereas on the succeed-
ing day Sowar Shumsh-ood-deen Khan, with two
or three others of the 2d Cavalry, while drink-
ing in the house of a prostitute named Aze-
zun, informed her that in a few days the Peshwa's
rule would be proclaimed and the Nana paramount
at Cawnpore, when they would fill her houses, not
with rupees merely, but with gold mohurs.
The depositions of those attached to the 53d and
56th Native Infantry give a clear account of the out-
break on the 4th of June and the events in the in-
trenchments. After the mutiny of the 2d Cavalry
and Ist Native Infantry, on the morning of the sth
of June, a Sowar of the former and a native officer
of the latter corps were sent to the Nana to offer
him the alternative of a kingdom, if he joined their
(the rebel) party, or death if he cast in his lot with
the British. His decision was promptly accorded,
the ready reply being, " What have I to do with
the British? lam with you" He then, laying
his hand on the heads of the mutineers, swore to be
their chief, and to lead them to Delhi ; after which
they wore dismissed with orders to carry the Go-
vernment treasure to Kullianpore. A consultation
was then held by the Nana, Bala Sahib, and Azee-
moolah. The latter pointed out the folly of proceed-
ing to Delhi, where their individual power and in-
fluence would necessarily cease, and recommended
the Nana's recalling the mutineers, taking posses-
sion of Cawnpore, and extending is authority as
far as he could to the eastward, adding that he was
thoroughly acquainted with the resources of the
British, that the nutnbar of Europeans in India was
scarcely one-fourth that of the native army, and
that, the latter having mutinied, the former were
powerless. This being agreed to, as the soundest
policy, was accordingly carried out; the mutineers
were ordered back, and the siege of the iritrench-
ments commenced. The evidence of some of the be-
leagured parties, chiefly belonging to the 53d and
56th Regiments, with that of the city people,
give a vivid picture of the state of affairs
during that ever memorable period. The muti•
neers, it would appear, were more intent on plunder
and murder than on fair and open fight, while in
the city and elsewhere a reign of terror was esta-
blished. The Nana was assisted by neighbouring
Zemindars and the insurgent populace. Finding it,
after repeated attempts, impossible to take the in-
trenchments by fair fighting, a full couneil was
held, and recourse to treachery resolved upon, though
some of the mutineers present are said to have de-
precated the adoption of foul means. Whether this
be true or not, one fact is clear—none gave warning
of the base impending treachery, involving, though
it did, the murder of helpless women and innocent
children ; but all joined unflinchingly in its perpe-
tration.

The evidence regarding the massacre at the Suttie
Chowra ghat, on the morning of the 27th of June,
1857, is clear and conclusive. The guns and rebel
troops, held in ambush, were withdrawn from their
places of concealment when the deputed officers
went to examine the boats at the ghat. Nine or ten
thousand spectators assembled from the city and
neighbouring villages to witness the departure of
that gallant little garrison from the entrenchments,
among whom were many respectable city people,
such as bankers, &c.; some, doubtless, came to view
the truly novel sight of their late rulers led forth
as captives by those they had but a short time pre-
viously commanded. Some few may have been ac-
tuated by a better and kinder motive—to pay their
parting respects to those they had known in hap-
pier days; for the more respectable portion of the
native communiy, though prepared for treachery,
were not aware the British would be attacked at
the ghat before they embarked, but imagined it
would be lower down the river. Even before that
doomed little band had reached the fatal spot the
real intentions of the mutineers wore revealed by
some, unable to maintain their malignant ardour
until the stated time and spot were reached. The
depositions gave a painful account of the murder of
Colonel Ewart, who commanded the let Native
Infantry, by some four sepoys of his corps, who cut
him down with bitter taunts. Ilis poor wife also
met with a similar fate almost immediately after-
wards. Of the fearful scenes that ensued at the
ghat the evidence of the Manjees who supplied the
boats with that of many who were spectators, gives
a clear account.

The most active in carrying out the arrangements
and urging on the slaughter was Teekum, a sowsr
of the 2d Cavalry, who, having been made a meal-
der by the Nana, was doubtless anxious thus to
exhibit his zeal and devotion in the cause of his
benefactor. On a carpet spread on the chubootra of
the temple, near the ghat, were seated Bala Sahib,
Azeemoollah, Brigadier Jowala Pershad, and Tantia
Topee, a captain of the Nana's guard. The first shots
were fired from the Oude bank of the river, where
the mutinous 17th Native Infantry were posted with
some guns, three more being stationed with a large
force on the right bank. On the boats being set on
fire by the former party many of their occupants
leapt into the water on the offside, and, notwith-
standing the murderous fire poured upon them,
some $4 or 85 women and children effected their
escape from present death, only, alas! to meet a
worse fate hereafter. The wives of drummers, and
children from three to ten years old, passed un-
scathed, not only through the siege, bat even this
terrible massacre also.

A man of great influence in the city, and a Go-
vernment official, has related a circumstance that
is strange if true—viz., that while the massacre
was being carried on at the ghat a trooper of the
2d Cavalry reported to the Nana, then at Savada-
house, that his enemies, their wires, and children,
were exterminated. Some one present remarked,
" Yes, it is true, for an infant a month old was seen
floating down the stream." On hearing which the
Nana replied, that " for the destruction of women
and children there was no necessity," and directed
the sowar to return with an order to stay their
slaughter.
Reliable evidence, as far as it was procurable, re-
garding the massacre of the helpless captives in the
slaughter-house has been recorded, from which the
following facts have been gleaned :—That the
mutinous troops refused to carry out the order for
their destruction, though one random volley by some
was, it would seem, fired; that the real perpetrators
of the diabolical deed were chiefly men of the Nana's
own guard ; and that the cause of their destruc-
tion was fear of betrayal ; that, on the steady and
continued advance of the British, and after the
second action, in which Bala. Sahib was severely
wounded on the right shoulder, a hurried council
was held ; that fear and consternation filled the
rebel camp, and dismay the I saris of all; that this
meeting was attended by many who, by some loans
of money and aid in various other ways aceorded to
the Nana, had implicated themselves in the revolt;
that many and various were the projects sug-
gested for checking the advance of the British,

SCREW. I PADDLE.
-power.
IStokers anti Horse tokers and
Leading Secondelass Leading''. d, .
Stokers. Stokers ecm c'a 1
Stokers. ' Stokers.
1 5 under 1001 2 6
2 6 1100 and under 150! 3 6
2 8 150 200: 3 9
3 9 200* 2501 3 12
3 11 2.5(1 300 4 14
4 12 ;100 4001 4 17
4 14 400 500, 6 18
6 15 1500 5501
6 21
5 17 550 600 6 24
6 18 !600 7001 6 27
6 20 '7OO 800, 6 30
6 22 1800 900 6 33
6 24 900 1000; 6 36

• Sloops of Mutine class, with two stokeholes,
stokers.

to have 12

THE ARMY.

The Caduceus, hired transport, is daily expected
to arrive at Spithead from Hong Kong, with
military and naval invalids. Immediately
on her arrival an inquiry will be held on
board by the military authorities relative to
the death of two soldiers, which occurred on
the voyage between Hong Kong and Singapore.
In consequence of the corps of Royal Marines
having been recruited to more than its required
number, the Lords of the Admiralty have issued
directions for the bounty to recruits to be reduced
from £5 to £4, the standard remaining the same as
at present.

[ADTERTISEMENT.]—HoIIoway's Pills and Ointment.—
Be Careful.—The damp fogs and sudden changes of tem-
perature in winter always produce colds, influenza, and
catarrrhal fever. Holloway's Pills remove the first sym-
ptoms of these diseases, but when neglect has permitted
them to gain a stronghold on the system his Ointntent
should be well rubbed twice a day on the back and chest ;
this course, perseveringly followed for a short time,, will
rescue many who, through their inattention, ma ;med
doomed to serious or fatal consequences. Asthma,: t mon-
chitis, and consumption are thus prevented. The irritable
chest is soothed, the cough .becomes looser and less; fre-
quent, and the breathing is lengthened. The appetit e re-
turns, good digestion is restored, bringing with A case,
strength, and vigour.