The Sun.
London, England, 1860-05-17 00:00:00

>7

NEWS PAPE ve
OUt CentraltO rh
forwardl s
tte -- 4s7'
. •
few -m onths past "' • -;14:q
- - •
fif
.4
0•4740
„
through your columns-11.9 did many .4.4-404/
• C.:4g ,
rt ,14i••,ZSGalaff,
ai in
A'n the lraetcoisl
subscription to aid Garibalidi in forcibly
(A-
-• 1L4r61,47, •
-
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Il
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t, • .41
7,e* 4, a
_
i) •• tt efy •0;
• ,
a,
>t Ron, >
„. • ezl.trzr".. Joa ...„.
- •
Ye time
the money to Italy, the news arrived that the Ge.
neral had yielded to the ,solicitations of the Pied
mccieniwrehdelliiibewrtL
about
k

montese Government, and retired from his cone.
mand.

PRICE 4D. STAMPED, SD.

pswuotpßltihpeehyogrelotircind Regarding
my thes u
bps,ca
ri'l p
ti ofo
n for English a time,
ga-rithb,iasidailsiopnaarts innodtieactailnlginga efloiranageetiloef
o the cry of " Italy for
sympathisers,untilGaHl.
...—.
columns. We have no doubt that, ev. In
tI auntdionli:SLtolrldbeDraelrbNy' in thehighest
baldi or some other. patriot, should raise the
of our Consti-
i.ewandofh
tilsieptheeerosryha,
-re full right
, standard of independence 1.-
eta;fl authority to throw out the Puter Duhr's the Italians."
Reuea_l. Bill. But the "prudence and I. wPediencY. mat moment has arrived, God send success to
of such ' a course of action are quite' pother Garibaldi and his brave volunteers who have sailed
matter, For what would be the pract3ea.t conse-
_id to join in the Sicilian revoltaion ! So prays Eng-
quenees ? If the Commons and the country. s,'loti land,
_Whatever diplomacy may say ; How should
be satisfied Trei the
_reasons given in debate that it-be otherwise ? We too have had our revolutions
the Lords are t7ll.
!Atop tially right, it is probable that which few in England now think otherwise than
the matter would e passed, over with a formal p.r.o- glorious ; and what was our I,ihip-money question,
test by the Comm011s• The same thing has hap. what was our Star Chamber tranny, to the long-
pened in a recent cas'rf'where the Lords amended a )
.denounced infamies of Neapolitan rule ?
Stamp Bill. Instead of kicking the bill down the I offered £5O towards the Central Italy Defence
house, according to the. .ancient ancient ceremony—the Firi, d; I send £lOO to the committee established to
send ,aid to the Sicilian p
Speaker giving it. the . first kick—the Commons,• - - -
atriots.
recognizing the propriety of thc:' alteration, simply .. ,
dropped the bill, and passed another with the Lords'
amendment incorporated, and sent it tli, to be passed;
but let us. suppose for a..moment that t'is should
not be so,-let us imagine that the House-el Com-
Mons • •Mounted their high-privilege horso, and
seriously resented this unusual practical .n. ; t crier-
ence with the taxing and untaxing power of the
Commons: The 'Commons could not prevent the
produce of this tax going into the public account at
the. Bank- of England, but they could prevent it '
from ever going out, and they could, if the dispute
went on, do any amount of wanton mischief. In
fact, both houses might act like some of those wise
couples who, when they quarrel, smash their look-
ing-glasses and pictures. - We are not to suppose
that any folly of th.
;s kind would be committed at
the present day ; it would be a sufficient evil if
th'ire were a conflict between the two - houses.
Whether tbe lords are
pr9pared to buy thezrejce-
,tion of this bill at sueba priceas for-their COY% gdPg47 ;
tion. If they are, we' do*-ttof—se—
c. _how it is to be
prevented. Strict formal right is on the side of the.'
Peers, but the exercise of that right might be more
pernicious than the commission of an-ordinary
wrong. The counter-move of the Comh.'ons would
be to vote every tax for only a limited. period.-
2 inures.

,TIIE FRENCII TREATY.

LETTKR FROM MR. COBDEN.

The following letter has been addressed by Mr.
Cobden to an intimate friend in Manchester :

"Paris, 82, Itue de l'Universite, May 12.
"My dear Sir,—l will answer your inquiries as
briefly as possible.

".I am as strongly in favour of the principle of
ad valorem duties as any, one in Manchester. But
nearly ail the countries of Europe haw, from mo-
tives of convenience, or to avoid frauds, preferred
specific rates, and the Trench Oovernment cannot
be induced to take for its rale the ad valorem op-
tem. Nor, indeed, is it invariably desirable ; for in-
sferwc, in the; sepf iron and same other articles,
the :English produeer prefers specific rates. In
*oeds of a simple anduniform'nature, admitting of
easy classification,.such as yarns and plain cottons,
though ad valorem duties would be preferable, the
adoption of specific rates will pot be attended with
great inconvenience. If there are other articles of
so mixed and varied a character as to defy classifica-
tion, the treaty has made provision for dealing with
them in an exceptional manner. _

ATIMPA7'III' 1371 TH GARIBALDI:

A letter from Turiu says :—The importance of
the present moment is so great, that I regard it as
a duty not to allow a day to pass without writing
to you. As you know, the treaty for the cession
of Savoy and the county of Nice has been now sub-
mitted to Parliament for its sanction, and Parlia-
ment finding that necessity is law, will not with-
hold its ratification ; of course, the opposition will
make an outcry, and there will be several adverse
votes. This state of things was predicted by Count
Cavour to Baron Talleyrand, the French Minister
here, in a diplomatic conversation theyhad together
on the subject of Garibaldi's expedition. The Count
spoke to him, if I have been correctly informed,
pretty much as follows :—" Monsieur le Baron, you
are intimately acquainted with this country, you
knew it before the war, and have known it since
the peace of Villafranca, both after I left the mi-
nistry and since my return to it. • You know how
great my popularity was on receiving back the port-
folio, and that my Cabinet was strengthed by the
accession.of M. Farini. Well, confess if lam not
now, after all this, less~ popular ,and strong than
before. You are too clear-sighted not to have
perceived it, and detected the reason. I have be-
come weakened in the eyes of Italy because I have
endeavoured to please you and show myself grateful
to the Emperor, to France. I should have been re-
signed had I alone been wealened, but the halo
round the head of my august sovereign has also
paled. But we do not complain, or even regret
what we have done. The King felt deeply his debt
of gratitude, and he. would do over again what
he has done; but I ask you, M. le Baron, if at this
moment it can be rationally or reasonably expected
that we should act with any great energy against
the national sentiment in favour, as it were, of the
King of Naples, who, in common with the'Pope, is
persecuting this sentiment. Can we treat harshly
a man like Garibaldi, whom we: have, so to say,
deprived of his native city, a man who repre-
sents Italy's strong desire of emancipation, and
who braves every danger to obtain it? Let us
not give way to illusion : this emancipation
must come either from above or below. If you
suffer the high and the low to coalesce for this end,
we shall avoid revolutionary disisters ; if you do
not, the emancipation will be brought about all the
same by means of slaughter dangerous to the whole
of Europe. If you leave our hands free we may be
able to temper, to regulate this outbreak, but we
are neither willing nor able to stifle our own wishes,
to put down our own friends, to sacrifice our own
interests for those of others, which, to speak plainly,
are not the interests of your Emperor either. He
is assuredly not ignorant that no warm prayers are
put up at Vienna, Naples, or Rome for the duration
of the Napoleonic empire, and that if General La-
moriciere is organising an army near our frontiers,
he is not filling its ranks with the Emperor's
friends." I believe the Baron sent a report of this
conversation to Paris.

1- - -
"Eng:land is not really in a position to dogmatise
on this quostion, The French Government are of
coufse aware ilia our own tariff hardly contains an
ad valorem duty, and that even in recent years we
have been engaged
_in s=ubstituting specific for ad
valorem rates. At this ,moment the wine-growers of
Burgundy are holding niet,
it to
protest against
our specific duties on wine, .ollich, owing to the al-
coholic test, impose 50 per ceni.-
pore duty on their
.2s. 6d. a gallon,
1 common qualities, costing perhaps'
than on the rarer kinds of claret, I,:Oich are often
worth more than ss. a bottle in the ce.llars of the
Gironde. My answer to these coniplait2ts is that
the evil is inevitable, owing to the exigent fos of our
revenue system. The French Government. plead,
with equal good faith, the necessities of their Cus-
toms service in defence of their specific duties. .

LV
" With respect to your other inquiry, there iss
not the slightest foundation of truth for the reports
in question. The commissioners now sitting in
Paris are not engaged in correcting the imaginary
blunders to which you refer. We have no more
power than yourself to negotiate for the alteration
of a word of the treaty. Our duties are limited to
the carrying out of the provisions of the 13th ar-
ticle, in the manner contemplated from the first,
and by the only mode in which it could have been
accomplished. The task on which the commissfcn
has just entered will call for the exercise of mud!'
palient labour ; and they who wish to pass a fair
judgment on its conduct will wait for the result.
Speaking only of the past, I will say that from the
time when I was first brought into communication
with the French Government, now more than six
months since, td the present day, I have expe-
rienced from them nothing but frankness, straight-
forwardness, and good faith. They have never
professed to carry out at once a free-trade policy to
the adVanced stage at whieb we have arrived in
England. They are rather at the point of depar-
ture from, Which Mr. Huskissoo. started in 1825,
with the great advantage of haying had our ex-
perience to guide and encourage ,them, of hav-
ing to deal with protected interests very much
in advance of ours of that time. 9..:he French
Government has begun with the reyeal of
duties on raw materials, giving ' notice
that after a certain time the prohibitive
system will cease, and foreign manufactures be Ad-
mitted at revenue duties, Nv hich will operate as st
protection to home produeets. This is precisely
the course pursued by Mr. Huskisson, and we know
with what happy consequences.
" The French Government have gntered upon
this new commercial policy, not for the benefit of
England, but from an enlightened appreciation of
the advantages it will confer on the people of
France ; and were I to doubt the success of the
experiment, or fear that they will not persevere in
the career on which they have enteroil, I should be
faithless to those principles the application of which
has conferred such incalculable advantages and
blessinjs on my countrymen. The present treaty
will inaugurate a new era in the commercial inter-
course of France and England, and it will only re-
quire a few years, to develop that state of mutual
dependence which forms the solid basis for the
peace and friendship of cations.
" Can it be true that thee are sinister influencefe
i,
at work in England to mar, if possible, this fair
prospect? If so, I trust, the mercantile, manufac-
turing, mining, and trading interests of the coun-
try will prove true to themselves, fbr in the present
case their interests are eminently those of huma-
nity and civilisation.—Believe me, yours" very truly,
" RICHARD CoBnEN."

Our city was crowded this morning with Lom-
bards, Parmesans, Modenese, Romagnols, and
Tuscans, who have all come here to enjoy the
three festive days commemorative of the twelfth
anniversary of our constitution. The religious
ceremony was solemn, and the King was received
with great cheering both on proceeding to church
and on reviewing the regulars and national guard.
The hereditary prince, at the head of the first
legion of the national guard, was rapturously
cheered. Unfortunately the weather is not dry
enough, and will probably spoil a little the effect
pf the horse-racing on the Piazza d'Armi this after-
11001i at four o'clock.

The Opinione Nationale of Paris, evidently with
the connivance of the French Government, an-
nounces the opening in France of a fne•scription for
Garibaldi. The editor, Mr. Gueroult, Nfrites

.M,P.'S AND THE LATE CHURCH-RATE

Amongst the members who were the means of
sending up the Church-rate Abolition Bill to the
Lords by a reduced majority was Col. Smyth, one
f the members for the city of York, who appears
to have so far yielded to the strong pressure put
upon 1-I:4n by influential supporters of the High
Church se;_iool as to change his vote from " aye" to
to "no." The event has caused much indignation
supporters of Col. Smyth at the
amongst the Liber7.ll.sll
last election, some of whom have caused the annexed
hand-bill to be widely p',:isted throughout the city :
" COL. SMYTH AND CITURaII-RATES.
c; Electors and Citizens of You have this
year declared by an immense majorit) your desire
that church-rates should be abolished. of
tion against church-rates, presented to th'e
Commons, was signed by 2,830—that to the— goose
of Lords by 3,046—by Churchuen as well ao

"The struggle between liberty and desptism,
between the champions of national independeOce
and the instruments of foreign oppression, has
recommenced in Italy. It was inevitable. There
is no room in the Peninsula for two contradictory
principles; one or the other must prevail. De-
voted friends, of the Italian cause may have
wished at first to see the struggle delayed.
But now the time for deliberation and regret is
past, Henceforth there is but one course
to be followed—to maintain by influence, arms, and
money the cause of Italian independence, the cause
which last year triumphed by the deeds of our
armies at Magenta and Solferino, as it will soon,
we hope, triumph in the plains of Naples and
Sicily. The manly accents of Garibaldi, which
have raised all the youth of Italy, now echo through
Europe. England abounds in meetings and sub-
scriptions. Shall France be behindhand ? Will
France forget what she formerly did for America,
Greece, Belgium, and for Italy itself? May she
not now renew the subscriptions which she made
three years ago for guns for Alessandria P When
governments cannot act, it behoves individuals to
take the initiatve. A subscription is opened at
the office of the Opinione Nationale for the defen-
ders of Italian independence."
The Opinione Nationale heads the above sub-
scription with 500 f., to which its editorial staff and
printers add 305 f. 30c. A M. Rouille Besnaret
sergeant
sends I,a of
9f. M. Petit, a discharged
the Zouaves, cc,-ntributes 100 f., with the following
remarkable letter :
" Paris, May 13, 1800.
" Since the Faubourg St. Germain enlists under
the banner of Lamoriciere, it is' only just and logi-
cal that the Faubourg St. Antoine should emigrate
era masse to join Garibaldi. Will you, then, inform
me through your journal, of which I am a daily
reader, whether a request to be allowed to go out
to Garibaldi would be favourably received by the
Emperor's government. In other words, may I
serve under Garibaldi with the permission of the
French government in like manner u others serve
(with authorisation) under Lamoriciere? Your
answer is awaited by upwards of 10,000 men, who
are ready to start with me.
" An ex non-commissioned officer of the Ist Regi-
ment of Zouaves, commanded by Lamoriciere.
"PETIT, ex-sergeant, Rue Moreau."

senters.
" For some years past Co!. Smyth has eitlzet.
abstained from voting at all, or else has voted in
favour of the Abolition Bill ; but now, in the face of
this unmistakable expression of public opinion—in,
ill.owwund and records his vote against
the prospect of a g
wishes
whenee
sr a
tt eohl
ee cphtrioooomnr
oaotnfede
toohfme apspreadro reformedmise
oil' ist
pPaasrtl,ialime Parliament—nor
or
the
the sACpobirloiltiStomifoynCtlßhiristian association between all men.
Does he think that the
continuing this unjust and miserable to
mi s effecterablh
e tax,tis whichis b
religioneo m pels
ewnhtiochpathyefyorla
layve
the support of a system of
no
dissentpart,
p
and
Doesfrom
he
,!-hat the Church to which he belongs gains which
they may conscientious
either
honour or power by its persistenceina system of
legal clunder, or that in laying hands forcibly upon.
property and upon money for the support of its own
establishment it is acting in accordance with the
spirit and with the genius of Christianity.
" Let Col. Smyth be assured that the citizens of
York are not so faithless to the great principles of
religious liberty as to view this retrograde step
with indifference ; whatever pressure may have
been brought to bear by a small knot of his own
supporters, let him remember that there is a pres-
sure even stronger than this, and one which must
eventually be successful—the pressure of a deter-
mined and an intelligent public opinion.
" York, May 12." " AN ELECTOR.

CALEDONIAN FANCY DRESS BALL.—This annual
festival, in aid of the joint funds of the Caledonian Asylum
and the Scottish Hospital, is fixed to take place on y,
the 25th of June, at Willis's Rooms. Already several
ladies of the highest rank connected with Scotland have
sent in their names as patronesses, and the untiring trea-
surer, Sir Charles Forbes, will, as usual, personally under.
take the Pxrageramto o 04e JAIL

The Opinione Nationale considers it to be certain
that Garibaldi in person Was with the expedition
that landed in Sicily, although the language of all
the telegrams leaves that point doubtful.

Mr, I, A. Taylor, in (% letter to a coutempororb