The Sun.
London, England, 1856-08-11 00:00:00

LONDON, MONDAY, AUGUST 11, 1356.

It is stated that Russia has already discovered
the mistake into which she had been betrayed in
supposing that she could so speedily disregard the
terms of the Treaty into which she had so rotes :1y
entered. The promptitude with which the Brie
tish squadron under Rear-Admiral HOUS7ZON
STEWART returned to the Black Saa, when. the
Muscovite doubts as to the carrying out of the
Treaty became known, had no doubt much moral
weight with the Government of St. Petersburg.
To that we may ascribe their speedy alteration of
sentiment, and their readiness to deliver up the
Isle of Serpents and restore Kars to their riglttful

gold in Australia. The illusion was well nigh
extinct before—the gold mines at the antipodes
put an end to it. India, no longer the land of
romance, is remembered simply as a far distant

region of large extent, populated by a great
many millions of natives, having unruly neigh-
bours, whose inroads it is somehow the duty of
Government to repel, and which duty they are
not slow to discharge.

India, nothwithstanding, does not deserve to
be forgotten or neglected. If the riches of fable
no longer invest her with a charm to attract—

she possesses what is better than imaginary riches,
-

resources of countless value, and offers them to
British enterprise for the reaping. If she dis-

gorges no longer yellow nabobs quick with gold,

she offers to Englishmen the means whereby the
foundations of the Empire may be placed on
more secure foundations. The cotton we get
from America, and of which hostilities with the
United States would deprive us, to the ruin of
our staple manufacture, her fields need but
cultivation to supply. The tea that reaches
us from China, and to the cultivation of
which the troubles of that country may put
a stop, she can grow in abundance for our
wants, and of a quality to gratify our tastes.
Rice, indigo, opium, spices—all these and other
articles of commerce are indigenous, or as good
as indigenous, to her soil. Iron, coal, and other
mineral treasures are to be had within her boun-
daries for the working. Her population is im-
mense, and, what is more, industrious, well-dis-
posed, and intelligent. At present their wants
are few, but being emulative and ready to acquire
European tastes their wants are likely to increase
—while beyond the population under British rule
are fo be found as many millions more, ready to
swell with the products of far off lands the fruits
of native industry.

What India wants, and the interests of this
country call for in the first instance, is a perfect
railway system. Once establish this, and the fate
of British sway in India will not again be found
trembling in the balance as it did during the Sikh
war. British rule will be consolidated and tran-
quillity insured in all the borders of the
colony. With security will come capital, and
with its successful application more and more
capital, until the plains of India are placed under
cultivation, and the treasures of her mountains
are laid bare to the eye. Contact with British
energy and enterprise is sure to quicken native
ingenuity and industry, and in the improved con-
dition of the population will be offered another
element of prosperity at home. With the culti-
vation of cotton in India we may look for a
diminution of American arrogance, more em-
ployment for our shipping, and a feeling of
greater independence being exhibited by our
manufacturers. Such results as these being fairly
predicable from the establishment of a perfect
railway system, any unnecessary delay in
the construction of the lines at present
laid out becomes a matter of deep regret.
Some degree of uncertainty prevails as to the
actual state of things in India at the present
caoment, and we would fain hope if there has
been any stoppage it has been of the most tem-
porary nature. With all the appliances that can
be brought to bear on India, a long series of years
must elapse before the network of railways required
for the development of the resources of the country
can be complete. Delay added to delay under
such circumstances is greatly to be deprecated.

he Second Examination for appointments in
the East India Civil Service has duly taken place,
in accordance with the system established by
Lord ASEIBURTON, Mr, MACAULAY, and Mr. LB-
FEVRE, and the names of the successful candi-
dates, with numerical marks representing the
comparative value of their respective answering,
have been published throughout the length and
breadth of the land. The result has been anxi-
ously looked for by all interested in our leading
educational establishments in all parts of the
United Kingdom ; and the more anxiously be-
cause many apparently well-founded complaints
were put forward respecting the line of examina-
tion adopted during the first year, which, it was
directly asserted, did not give due weight to some
of the most important branches.
If the judgment arrived at were well
founded there would be too much reason
to apprehend that some of our old esta-
blished universities were not up to the
level to which their sisters had risen. Last year
the University of Dublin sent 14 candidates for
examination, not one of whom was successful.
Aberdeen sent up 5 candidates with a like result,
while Cambridge, with 32 candidates, gained 6
appointments, and Oxford, with but 19 candi-
dates for the prizes, carried off 8. Our brethren
of the Sister Isle made as their excuse the fact
that only one examiner was a Dublin man, and
that it was chiefly owing to the difference of style
that their candidates failed, and they put forth
also the plea that one trial was not to be consi-
dered conclisive, that Fortune was unpropitious,
but that she would not always remain the same ;
and so it has proved. For at the last examina-
tion, if we compare the number of candidates
with the number successful, we find that Aber-
deen ranks highest, and Dublin the 3d, while
Cambridge comes 4th, and Oxford sth. In the
year 1855 the number of candidates from the
different universities, colleges, and schools was
112, viz., from Oxford, 12 ; Cambridge, 32 ;
London, 4 ; King's College, 3 ; other English
schools, 12 ; Edinburgh 3 ; Aberdeen, 5 ;
other Scotch colleges and schools, 7 ;
Dublin, 14 ; Cork, 5 ; Galway, 2 ; abroad, 3 ;
privately educated, 3. Of these the successful
were-8 from Oxford, 6 from Cambridge, 2 from
London, 1 from King's. College, 1 from Edin-
burgh, 1 from Cork, and 1 from Galway. In
the present year there were but 56 candidates, as
follows :—From Oxford, 10 ; from Cambridge,
14 ; from London, 3 ; from King's College, 6 ;
from other English schools, 4; from Edinburgh,
1 ; from Aberdeen, 2 ; from Dublin, 8 ; from
Cork, 3 ; from Belfast 2 ; from Carlow, 1 ;
privately educated, 2. The successful candidates
bli:e7llamdobenoliedntgse: d, 4 to Oxford, 6 to Cambridge, 2 to
London, 1 to Cheltenham, 2 to Aberdeen, 4 to
and Ito Cork—a very different result,
thferosmamtehaitoofprloarstoryteiaorn. O
to hxofrorndumstands
f
candidates as she did last year ; while Cam-
bridge, with less than half the number of candi-
dates, gains as many prizes as she did last year.
London University again ranks very high; last
year four candidates gained twoplacyeesar(onehotof.
them being first of all) ; this
three candidates gained two places, and
they stand respectively second
and third.
The English schools have each year sent
up a successful candidate. Edinburgh sent
up last year three candidates, one of whom was
successful ; this year her solitary representative
has failed. Aberdeen's two candidates were both
successful this year, white last year she did not
succeed at all with five. The other Scotch col-
leges and schools appear to have been dissatisfied
with their treatment last year, for they sent up
no candidates on the present occasion. Dublin,
With fewer candidoeo3 scuds up as may Noma"