The Sun.
London, England, 1860-12-04 00:00:00

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THE STATE OF MEXICO.
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CITY OF MEXICO, OCT. 28.
Her m ajes ty 's Chargé d'Affaires, with the rest of
the Legation, left this capital for Jalapa on the
morning of the 21st, and Baron Wagner, the Prus-
!-:ian Minister, started the following day for Paehuca,
where he will remain a short time, and then pro-
ceed to join Mr. Mathew at Jalapa. The French
Chargé d'Affaires has suspended all diplomatic re-
lations ; so that the present central faction, aban-
doned by the representativrs of all the respectable
Powers, are now thrown upon the support of the
Spanish Ambassador, who still continues to stick
to his proteges.
It is clear, from private letters of Almonte, that
Spanish intervention is still uppermost in the mind
of that gentleman ; he assurep his friends here that
the thing is certain, and that, although England
will not lend her support to the scheme, Francs
may be mlied upon. The prospective advantages
fSultlaytes made acquainted
to be derived by that gentleman and his party front
the " Mon-Almonte" treaty
accomplishment becomes no
must have warped his
better judgment, for whatever
exposed,might on ts
his chances of success some three m
the
thatwGiotv t
he
Government
its
nl eapnelttaanoi
ifs h, theas
its
Unitedbee i
longer an easy matter. A strong American force
is now at Vera Cruz, numbering some 10 or
12 ships, and any attempted interference by Spain
would at once provoke a war, and as certainly be
followed by the annexation of Cuba.
The atrocities, lately committed in the capital, of
which I gave you by no means an exaggerated ac-
count in my last, via the United States hav
rally excited the fears of a iIiPOSTI oreigners
s sanguinary faction feel.
no security against the perpetration of the worst
outrages. That this feeling is very prevalent among
the English, now that the immediate protection of
her Majesty's representative has been withdrawn,
is not surprising; it has, however, been allayed by a
circular addressed to the British Consul by Mr.
Mathew, in which he states " that it is the inten-
tion of her Majesty's Government to render the
members of the faction now ruling in Mexico re-
sponsible both in their persons and property for
any outrages committed on British subjects." Such
a declaration has long been required in a country
where anarchy and misrule have ever prevailed,
and never more so than at the present moment ;
and it is to be hoped that her Majesty's Government
will not hesitate to exact the most signal repara-
tion from any who dares to violate the sacred
obligations of treaty and international law. So
long as one set of ruffians can cast upon their
successors the atonement of acts for which they
themselves ought to have been made personally
responsible, there can be no security for foreigners '
resident in this country; but personal responsibility
once enforced will convince these self-constituted
and hitherto irresponsible rulers that British sub-
jects are not to be plundered and murdered with
impunity.

pRICE 4D. STAfriPED, 51)

the Italian Government. I remembf:r also having
mentioned to you that some of MAirat's agents were
at Rome, and that these met 'with support from a
cardinal or so.
Here we laugh when vire:hear an un warlike son of
the soldier Murat talking pompously in such a
strain as this : " Until happier auspices manifest
themselves in Italy, I shall remain a spectator."
Such words would seem to mean, I shall not come
to disturb you until everything is going on more
smoothly. A declaration of this kind is quite laugh-
able. What then is Lucien Murat going to be,
upon ceasing to be a mere spectator ? An actor?
If theatricals were on the tapis, why yes, but if he
means that he intends putting himself at the head
of a revolution or of an army, then the case is very
different. Hitherto he has given us no specimen
of military 'valour. The Emperor Napoleon 111.
showed at Magenta and Solferino no deficiency of
military courage, and he had already shown that
his head was capable of maturing the boldest enter-
prises ; but Lucien Murat has shown nothing of
all this. When the Neapolitans were tortured by
Ferdinand 11. and Francis 11., why did not he, who
so laves the Neapolitans, strike some blow for them ?
Why has he left the danger and honour of their
deliverance to Garibaldi and Victor Emmanuel ?
Truly, his love for Italy is very barren. When he
was an ambassador at Turin, he was not of Mr
slightest use ; and Italy to this hour does not know
if he assisted her or not in any way, if he has any
real right or not to constitute himself a judge and
a pretender.
Lucien Murat asks--" What does the disarming
of so many Neapolitan communes mean ?" An
illustrious writer has already said that the precau-
tionary measures taken by the new government to
vanquish the Bourbon and clerical reaction at
Isernia are a mild imitation of those taken by the
French general, Manhes, to subdue the Calabrians,
who 60 years ago espoused.so warmly the Bourbon
cause, a cause they now so thoroughly abhor. At
that time Manhes paved the way for Murat to the
throne by shooting the Calabrians by hundreds ;
whereas all that is being done now is to defend
property against those convicts whom Francis 11.
liberated from their dungeons and then armed.
Murat never appealed to the popular vote in order
to become King of Naples, and if he did enjoy some
popular favour, that was because he had displayed
personal valour in many battles, and valour always
captivates any people. Now Monsieur Lucien
Murat does not possess this valour, but Garibaldi
and Victor Emmanuel do, and yet he comes inso

ently and demands the condemnation of the acts o:

:he new government. He copies too the phrases of
;he Giornale di .Roma, and paraphrases the Austrian

A fresh impost has just been decreed, and we are

journals.

now called upon to pay to this Church faction,
within eight days, not only another half per cent.
upon capital, but one month's additional rent, one
half to be borne by the tenant, the other half by
the landlord. Ruinous as these repeated exactions

Our generals, especially General La Marmora,are
much perplexed what to do with the Neapolitan
prisoners of war, who want to be enrolled in the
regular army. But they are so unfit for war and so
demoralised that we despair of doing anything with
them. Moreover, they are nearly all of them suffer-
ing from disease. We are afraid they would create
scandal and disorder amongst our well-conducted
soldiers.

have become, resistance is out of the question ; un-
less complied with, enormous fines are superadded,
which, together with the original amour ts, are en-
forced by bodies of armed men. The money col-
lected is at once appropriated by the chiefs, who,
while their subordinates are starving, are enriching
themselves by the plunder of a hardworking and
industrious set of foreigners. In fact it is quite out
of my power to give you an idea of the state we are
in. Conceive the worst, and you know the half; it
is clear that unless the Liberal party triumph, the
ruin of every foreigner is certain.

The health of Count Cavour has improved, but he
stands in need of a month's rest at least. Far from

taking it, business grows upon him, notwithstand-
ing his incessant and really prodigious activity.
Three days ago, notwithstanding the bad state of
the weather, he went to witness the experiments
with the new guns, rifled in a particular manner,

on a system of his own, by our talented General
Cavalli. Much is expected cf these new batteries.
In war, you know, as in law, it is good to be first in
the field.

Mr. Mathew's exertions on behalf of the English
who had money in the conducta seized by order of
Degallado have been crowned with success-
-400,000 dols. have been restored and will be em-
barked at Tampico. Other foreigners are much
piqued at this preference being shown, and allege
that. the amount recovered ought to have been
divided pro rata among all the sufferem Mr.
Mathew, in the first instance, did all in his power
to obtain restoration for all, but, finding that unat-
tainable, very properly confined his demands to the
losses of his own countrymen.
From Guadalajara we have no reliable informa-
tion. Castillo still appears to maintain himself
within his inner lines of defence, which, according
to all accounts, are of great strength, and it is the
opinion of many that the besiegers will endeavour
to starve him out. Gonzales Ortega, who is now
Commander-in-Chief of the Constitutional forces,
appears to inspire much confidence. He has already
been successful in three pitched battles against
Miramon and his chiefs, and, should he succeed in
his present attempt upon Guadalajara, prestige will
do much to accomplish the rest.

The Garibaldians are beginning to return in
larger numbers. The bravest of them complain of
the bad company they have been thrown into.
They say that only a fourth of the whole force
actually fought, and went through all the hardships ;
that the other three-fourths did more harm than

good by their presence, and often endangered the
success of Garibaldi's enterprise; that many of
them, pretending extravagant enthusiasm for Gari-
baldi, are now at Naples doing all they can to pre-

vent a return to order and the consolidation o:

berty.

To-day we have had something quite unusual, a
meeting of women who are engaged in the manu-
facture of tobacco and snuff; they want to work
less and to be paid higher wages. Tobacco has
become dearer in America, and the affair at present
is producing uneasiness.

SOUTHWARK ELECTION.

A public meeting of the members of the Temper-
a
Temper-
ance Societies in Southwark took place last even-
ing, in the Catholic Schoolroom, Price's-street,
Gravel-lane, to consider what measures were neces-
sary to be adopted in promotion of the objects of
the society in the pending election for the borough.
Mr. PCRYIS was called to the chair, and said that
the temperance friends, who were now a large and
organised body, considered that they ought to
throw their weight in the scale in favour of the
candidate to represent their borough who would
support the permissive prohibition bill when
brought before Parliament. A deputation would
be appointed to wait upon the several candidates,
and ascertain which one was favourable to the cause
of their society. Temperance societies were now
established in every large town, and in each locality
they were uniting their moral influence to further
in every possible way a legislative enactment to
lessen the sale of spirituous liquors, and thereby
prevent so much drunkenness with its concomitant
miseries stalking throughout the land. (Hear.)
The Rev. DAWSON BURNS, Superintendent of
the United Kingdom Alliance, proposed the first
resolution, namely—" That, in the opinion of this
every
place where,. on ashopuollal
meeting, the liquor traffic is a national
.curse, and
ought therefore to be suppressed. And this meeting
is further of opinion that the plan of permissive.
prohibition suggested by the United. Kingdom
Alliance (to the effect that the liquor traffic
should cease in
of the ratepayers or other inhabitants, two-thirds
of the votes given were in faN-our of that result) is
receiveequitable,
the
vigorous liberal, and s constitutional,upport of
.ever every member
member of
the House of Commons.". He said the question of
a perminssoivmeebs.ilelol:reatdarbieeesn,
abnrcionuoghotb
jbeeefvoiroentbwroousguhet-
hacgeesdasiibnveseetnthseeepnr,.iannedipsletsotfe
(
a measure. Mr. Bass
adunhhi s belief that if the bill
were enacted, it would not be
adopted by any
trict, to which it was rejoined by
h
that this was an excellent reason for his deputation
supporting-
it, since he would gratify its supporters and not
endanger the liquor traffic , . The Alliance had been
exerting an influence in election affairs by inducing
the temperance electors to combine and take united
action. This had been successfully done in Bristol,
Devonport, Brighton, and other places ; and would
be carried out wherever a vacancy occurred. (Hear,
hear.) This meeting had nothing to do with
dictation, but was intended to give consolidation
and direction to the public sentiment hostile to the
liquor trade. (Hear.)
Mr. CARBINES seconded the motion. He said he
had been a working man himself, but was happily
now an employer. He attributed the largo tax
levied in all districts for the poor rates to the num-
ber of persons who were obliged to seek relief at
the union in consequence of ill health and disease
engendered by drunkenness.
The motion was then 'put and carried unani-
mously.
Mr. GILLAM proposed and Mr. STOCHER seconded
the following resolution, which was also carried
unanimously :—" That an electoral committee be
now appointed, with the following objects :—.l.
To communicate to the several candidates for
Southwark information respecting the present meet-
ing. 2. To request an interview with each candi-
date, and obtain from him in writing a statement
of his opinion on the permissive plan of the
Alliance.
3. To take such measures as they may
expedient for securing a united temperance
s
11 vote
Andeem a t
ELECTOR the ensuing
ssaid
1 dh
election.
e w a one of Mr. Layard's
committee, and he had himself put the question now
resolved by the meeting to that gentleman, who
stated that he was favourable to the proposed per-
missive bill.
Mr. NECK expressed his hope that the electors
would vote in favour of Mr. Layard, for whom
three cheers were given by the meeting. The
usual rote of thanks was accorded to the chairman,
and the proceedings terminated,