The Sun.
London, England, 1860-09-07 00:00:00

rnE SUN, LONDON, FRIDAY EVENING, SEPTEMBER 7, 1860.

us hat that field furnished the best crop in

point of quality; as well as quantity, he had ever
grown on his farm! From what little we have
personally seen and heard, as well as from all re-
ports, we are inclined to hope that, except in the
fen districts, something similar will be general
throughout England. The light lands, too, the
chalky and sandy soils, will yield, in consequence
of the wet, hardly ever excessive to them, cowl-

derably above an average.
The crops of summer corn, barley
especially
have sustained more injury; oats not so much, as
they are hardier ; but barley is a more tender
plant, more affected, perhaps, by extremes of wea-
ther than any other. It is also sooner over-
powered by weeds, which the wet has so largely
developed ; and even becomes of double growth in
the same field. It is also a crop, the deficiency in
which, for brewers' purposes at least, is
not so easily made up from abroad ; foreign
barley being rarely equal to that from
which the better English malt is made. We may
expect therefore that the best English barley will
be scarce and dear next year; but this, though we
could wish it otherwise, is not to be compared with
a failure in the wheat crop. Root crops have been,
of course, rather benefitted in the earlier period of
their growth by moisture, and they have now at-
tained a vigour which will enable them to
flourish and bulb soundly and well, should even
a long dry season be before us. The only thing
against them has been the difficulty of keeping
down weeds ; a difficulty chiefly felt where old lazy
habits of farming haven ot introduced the horse-hoe.
As we were favoured with very fine weather just
in time to save a splendid crop of hay ; and as the
second crops of grass and hay must also be un-
usually abundant, we may confidently look forward
to a full supply of animal, as well as cereal food in
a reasonable time.
The effects of only a week's fine weather are being
quickly felt both in the money-market and the
Corn Exchange. Prices become nominal, or recede.
The buyer is again getting the advantage every-
where. Less money will be wanted to purchase
foreign corn, and our manufacturers will find more
at their command at home. And, though
full supplies of new English wheat will be unusu-
ally late, the harvest being four weeks on the average
later than usual, yet old stocks and large supplies
of foreign corn will enable us easily to meet the
difference: It is not a little remarkable that two
of the countries from which we generally derive
large supples—Russia and the 'Western States of
America, are earlier than usual with their har-
vest ; indeed they have both suffered from
hotter and drier weather than usual.
We believe that large supplies additional
to its own growth will, after all, not be wanted by
France, probably none by other large continental
States ; we may therefore hope that before long we
shall have the pleasure of noting that the prime
article of human subsistence has fallen very con-
siderably.
It is hardly credible how much our existence
may depend indirectly as well as directly upon
the weather. For a time the distress of
Coventry weavers, the lower wages offered,
the strike, and all its miseries, were
charged to the COBDEN Treaty. It appears,
however, that the French ribbon weavers are as
short of orders as our own ; and it now turns out
that the wet weather has actually lessened the de-
mand for ribbons for summer dress ; rain has stopped
the looms of Coventry ! It must be added, we fear,
that that fickle goddess Fashion has also
done her part in the mischief. She has seen
fit in her caprice to require less ribbon
for the trimming of bonnets. We fear, however,
the straw plait makers of Bedfordshire must im-
pute their sufferings and want of employment
I almost entirely to the weather. It has been most
unpropitious to a demand for their manufacture.
One thing should result from such warnings as
that of the panic in which all our agriculturists have
been so recently involved. We have spent much
thought and skill in improving cultivation—plough-
ing, manuring, sowing, cleansing the land, have all
been the subjects of much study and improvement.
We are also got as far as reaping with greater rapi-
dity by machinery—but there we have stopped. In
a climate like ours, which may permit us to gather
in our crops 'without the slightest damage, but
which may also render it almost impossible to har-
vest them—the harvesting in any weather—is as
great a point as any. We inserted a letter of
Mr. WAKLEY'S on the subject a few days
ago. It is one we have often thought
over ourselves ; the practical difficulties are very
great—much greater than Mr. WAKLEY supposes.
The corn must be free indeed from weeds, and the
barley free from the grass which is commonly sown
with it, to be dried sufficiently for the stack or the
barn by such dessicating processes as he describes.
We at least should fear so. All plans that can be
suggested resolve themselves apparently into varie-
ties of two modes—forcing air, heated or not, through
the wet corn—and some camp method of covering
sheaves in the field which shall protect them from
wet, in such small quantities as give scope to the na-
tural effects of the open air. Farmers must consult
our mechanics in regard to one scheme—our tent
cloth manufacturers in regard to the other.

The record of the Prince of IV ALES'S progress
through Canada is highly gratifying to readers in
this country. The warm reception everywhere
given to the representative of his Royal mother
shows not only the affectionate respect with which
she is regarded by all classes of her subjects, but
willingness of the Canadians to recognise Eng-
lish es
ov:reignty. Times are changed since Lord
NORTH'S Cabinet vainly endeavoured to exercise
over the vast provinces
of the New World the
authority with
which they riled the citizens of
an English town. The stormy days of WOLFE and
MorizcaLm have passed away, and the close
vicinity of the greatest Republic of the world has
not shaken the allegiance of the Canadians to the
mother country. It must be highly interest-
ing to the young traveller thus to mingle
with a Population speaking in his Own
tongue, yet differing in so many respects
from his compatriots. The wonders of nature,
too, in a land so richly gifted, cannot fail to have
impressed him with a new sense of sublimity and
beauty. The great cataract of Montmorenci,
which he lately visited, is one of the
most striking spectacles on the whole northern con-
tinent; once seen it can hardly be forgotten. If,
according to the poet's immortal line, A thing of
beauty is a joy for ever," surely those who have
"gazed upon the torrent of waters rushing down the
long inclined plane which precedes the fall, and
then shooting ovor a perpendicular rock 250 feet in
depth, returning in clouds of snowy spray
which the sunbeai.
-is illumine with the
glittering hues of ,*he rainbow, must
retain the memory of that gor6,eous spectacle even
among the smoky atmosphere of
cities and the
dreary monotony of civilisation. 1-lhe celebrated
flight of Natural Steps in close proxim“y to the
cataract and the gorge where the waters of the
Montmorenci sweep into the noble river of St. Law-
rence, must also have impressed the royal spectator
with a sense of the magnificence of nature in the

-I.ce
New World. Such scenes enlarge the mind of
the spectator scarcely less than association with
the denizens of another country, and assuredly the
PRIIcCE will regard with more interest and will
better appreciate the character of these Canadian
coloniists over -whom he may one day rule,
from his present sojourn among them. One
specially interesting feature, among the routine of
presentai ions and ceremonials, was the address
l'offered to the Prince by the hierarchy of the Roman
Catholic Church in Canada. The splendour of the
coup d'ceil in the hall of the University is described
with enthwiasm by the spectators of the ceremony,
and this token of good feeling and religious tole-
ration, let us hope, impressed on the mind of the
Prince the secret of the true strength of the
British rule—toleration for the principles of others,
combined with a consistent maintenance of its
own, and a recognition of the claim that all who
acknowledge its authority possess, too, its impartial
and ungrudging protection.

LATEST NEWb

The following telegrams have been received at
Mr. Reuter's office :

PARIS, FRIDAY MORNING.
The Moniteur contains the following, dated
Naples, Sept. 6 :
Garibaldi is at Eboli, near Salerno.
The Royal troops are being concentrated at

Capua.
The King will proceed thither, and afterwards

:o Gaeta. '

Naples is tranquil at the present moment.
The authorities constituted by the King remain

en functions.

NAPLES, SEPT. 6, 1 P.M.

It is said that Garibaldi arrived at Salerno this
morning, and he is expected at Naples immediately.

It is said that the Bing will leave here to-day

ror Gaeta.

The Intrepid returned here yesterday from

alerno.

Mr. Edwin James, M.P., the Hon. Mr. Ashley,
M.P., and other Englishmen, are gone on board of
a Sardinian vessel to pay a visit to Garibaldi at

Salerno.

The city of Naples is perfectly tranquil, and the
people conduct themselves in a dignified manner.

PARIS, SEPT. 6.

The Patrie publishes a telegram announcing that
on the sth inst. Garibaldi disembarked near Sa-
lerno. Several corps were to join the dictator on
the following day. A battle was expected on the
7th inst. between Nocra and Salerno. The royal
troops occupied strong positions. The King and
his brothers had been among the troops. It was
said that in case of defeat they intend to retire
upon Gaeta.

TURIN, SEPT. 6.
Baron Winspeare presented yesterday his lettres
de creance to the King.

The Opinione publishes an article referring to
General Lamoriaiere's recent order of the day in
the following terms :

" The principle of non-intervention cannot be
applied until the Papal government disbands the
foreign hordes which it has assembled against Re
neighbours. This crusade against Italy may bring
about complications and serious disturbances if the
resolution be not taken to disperse it."

The Opinion° counsels the Pontifical Government
to disband its 20,000 foreign soldiers, and says :
" The Papal Government must understand that
for the peace of Italy an extrication is necessary
from the abnormal state of things which has hitherto
wearied the patience of all the Powers."

VIENNA, THURSDAY.
The Hungarian delegates have declared that they
will adhere to the programme of Count Hartig
should it be imposed by the Emperor upon the
country as a constitutional law. But should the
Reichsrath be left at liberty to discuss the con-
stitution to be granted to the Austrian Empire
they would not give up their principles, and would
rather resign their seats in the Reichsrath than
renounce their special position.
Count Rechberg, at the last reception of the
diplomatic corps, expressed to the different foreign
Ministers his confidence that the question of inte-
rior reforms would be decided at the very opening
of the plenary sitting of the Reichsrath.

VENICE, SEPT. 6

The recent disturbances at Udine have led to the
discovery by the Government of a great conspiracy
organised by secret agents with the object of pro-
voking manifestations in favour of Garibaldi.
Numerous arrests have taken place at Udine as
well as in other Venetian towns.

General Nunziante to the Neapolitan army on the
occasion of his abandoning the Royal service :
" Companions in arms !—A few days since, in taking
leave of some of you, I exhorted you always to show your-
selves as courageous against the enemies of Italy as generous
towards the weak, and to give the most noble proofs of that
real military virtue in the new path of glory which Provi-
dence opens to all the sons of the great common country.
" The moment for responding to my exhortations has
now arrived.

" Distant from you, the thought of your prosperity,
honour, and glory has grown within me, and having studied
the history of all Italy and Europe, I have come to the deep
conviction that for you and for this beautiful portion of
Italy there is no other means of salvation than for you to
join the great Italian family under the glorious sceptre of
Victor Emmanuel, that admirable monarch whom the heroic
Garibaldi recently proclaimed in Sicily, and whom God, in
his impenetrable designs, has evidently chosen to consti-
tute in one great nation our great common country, so un-
justly despoiled and assassinated without a motive.
" This thought has irresistibly brought me back to you,
resolved to act fraternally with you, and to accomplish with
you the sacred calling with which we must all feel invested
for the supreme wants of the country. As long as Provi-
dence allowed Italy to be divided, I knew better than any
one how to remain faithful to the cause which I had em-
braced. But when the all-powerful hand of God visibly
tends to make it united whoever does not follow the impulse
is a traitor to his country.
" This sacred' truth must strike you in your own con-
sciences, and under your present yoke drives you to a par-
tial desertion.
" Do not follow that path; of all it is the one most

dangerous to the country.
" King Victor Emmanuel, in whom Italy is incarnated,
wants you all united and disciplined to employ your valo-
rous arms to crush that stranger who has been the eternal
enemy of our happiness."
M. La Farina, President of the National Society,
has addressed the following letter, dated Turin,
Aug. 31, to the different committees :
" Gentlemen,—The King's Government having decided
on mobilising a part of the National Guard, and forming
' detached corps of Volunteers, to co-operate with the army
in the present grave and critical state of affairs in Italy, the
Central Committee exhorts all the provincial and municipal
commissions, and all the commissaries, to open lists for en-
rolling young men not connected with military service. I
will apprise you by another circular of the time and place
for assembling the volunteers."

ROME.
The following order of the day has been issued by
General de Noue _ _

" Officers and Soldiers—A Ministerial decision, doted
24th August, appoints me to the command of the French
troops at Rome.
" You have known me a long time. You know how
fully I appreciate your exact discipline, your devotion, and
your excellent spirit.
" Sure of the loyal and sympathetic support of your
chiefs, I can only feel pi oud of having to continue the com-
mand which is left to me in such excellent conditions by
General Count de Goyon, to whom we all pay a unanimous
tribute of respect.
"To-day, as yesterday, our duties are the same; indif-
ferent, strangers to the sentiments which may divide the
Roman population, we shall have but one will—that of as-
suring tranquillity, of not allowing any species of disorder
under any form whatsoever.
" We will also give the most firm and solid support to the
Holy Father, and we shall attain the object desired by all—
to fulfil the intentions of the Emperor and to deserve his
approbation.
" General of Brigade, Commandant of the French Troops
at Rome,
" Rome, Aug. 29, 1860. " Comte DE NOUE."

AMERICA.

GALWAY, FRIDAY

The Atlantic Royal Mail Company's steamer,
Parana, Captain Heenan, arrived here at 6.30 a.m.
to-day. She left Boston on the 28th ult., and St.
John's, Newfoundland, on the Ist inst. She brings
90 passengers.
The passage from St. John's was made in five
days 22 hours.

LATEST BY TELEGRAPH via ST. JOHN'S.
NEW YORK, AITG. 3:

The Africa has arrived out, and the Nova Scotian
at Father Point. The City of Baltimore arrived
on the 27th inst.

The Prince of Wales visited Aberbrook, St.
Hyacinth, and Lennoxville yesterday. He started
for Ottawa to-day, and was to visit Boston about
the 14th October.
General Houston has declined to become a can-
didate for the Presidency, and urges a union of
the Conservatives and the Union men against
Lincoln.

COMMERCIAL INTELLIGENCE.
NEW YORK, AUG. 3

Cotton steady. Flour advanced 45c. since Mon•
day. Wheat 6c. higher. Corn scarce, and nomi•
nally higher. Provisions steady. Stocks heavy.
NEW ORLEANS, AUG. 30.
Cotton advanced I. Sales, to-day, 4,000 bales
Middling upland 10tc. to 10'4c.

QUEENSTOWN, FRIDAY,

The Royal Mail steamship Persia, Capt. Judkins,
which left New York on the 29th ult., arrived here
to-day at 10 a.m. She brings 67 passengers and
405,832 dols. in specie for England.

She landed eight passengers and all the mails,
except those for Liverpool, and proceeded at 10.30
a.m. All well.

The Persia made the passage in 8,1 days.

SUBMARINE TELEGRAPH COMPANY.

MEETING OF SHAREHOLDERS.-THIS DAT,

This afternoon, at one o'clock, the general half-yearly
meeting of the shareholders was held at the London
Tavern, Bishopsgate-street, to receive the Report of the
Directors of the progress of the company during the past
half.year, and the declaration of a dividend.
Sir JAMES CARMICHAEL in the chair.
The SECRETARY having read the Report, which has
already appeared in the Sun,
The CHAIRMAN referred to their increased expenditure
arising from accidents to cables, which had been heavier
than in any former half-year, and the cause of these acci-
dents were mainly to be attributed to the severe storms that
had occurred in the Channel, where at one time there were
no less than 300 wrecks. But at the present •time
their cables were in perfect order; but he did
recommend that a larger amount ought to be re-
served out of their revenue to meet these expenses
than heretofore, without being compelled to have
recourse to their capital. The chairman, after adverting
to the working expenses of the company, congratulated the
shareholders on the success they had attained in completing
an entire communication with Hamburg and the North of
Europe, and road a statistical account of the number of
messages that had been received from various cities during
the past half-year as compared with the previous, showing
that in most cases they were doubled, trebled, and in one
instance quadrupled. He might mention that the
last year had been one of remarkable depression
in trade on the continent, and had seriously affected
electric telegraphs generally. A memorial had been pre-
sented by shareholders at Manchester relative to a reduc-
tion of their tariff, and on other points as to the manage-
ment of the company, and he would recommend that a
committee be appointed to confer with the directors oa the
the subject. He then moved that the report be read and
adopted.
Mr. ITINDMARSII seconded the motion.
_ _

Mr. SAUNDERS and several other proprietors having ad-
dressed the meeting, the report was received and adopted.
The proposed committee having been appointed, the re-
tiring directors were re-elected, and a dividend at the rate
of 3 per cent. on the half-year declared.
The proceedings then terminated.

THE COST OF A GAOL BIRD.—At the County
Hall, on Friday last, James Turner, whose name is always
before the public during the poaching season, was charged
with trespassing in search of game at Eckington, on the
28th of June last. The prisoner has only just been libe-
rated at the expiration of his 34th term of imprisonment
for the same kind of offence. He was ordered to pay 40s.
and costs, and in default was again committed to his old
quarters for two months. Among other offences com-
mitted from the year 1832 till the present month, he has
been convicted for stealing coal, breaking a fence; assaults,
stealing ducks, trespass (seven times), poaching (eighteen
times), and sundry misdemeanours. He has been in gaol 35
times, and his sentences have ranged from fourteen days
to five months. Al together he has in 28 years spent 65
months in prison, and the following figures show the ap-
proximate cost this vagabond has inflicted on the county
and his prosecutors-260 weeks maintenance, £143 , 35
convictions, £24 10s. ; total cost, £167 10s. It is quite
clear that the gaol has no terrors for James Turner.—
Derby Mercury.

LAST OF THE HORSE RIDE IN KENSINGTON-
GARDENS.-A report upon this subject was brought up at th •
vestry of Kensington on Wednesday last, and after having
detailed the course adopted by the committee and the re-
sult of the memorial to the Queen, which wan signed by
43,000 persons, against the horse ride, it stated that the
hurdles and posts had been removed, the road was being
levelled, and new turf laid down. Mr. Banting, in propos-
ing the adoption of the report, congratulated the vestry on
the triumphant results, and said their enemy was beaten,
and he hoped by that time he was auried and under the
turf. The report was adopted and a cheque drawn for the
expenses.