The Sun.
London, England, 1860-03-02 00:00:00

tion and confidence—an absolute confidence in pub-
lic common sense, to establish in the midst of the
agitations endeavoured to be excited that calm
which alone maintains us in a proper path.
" Facts, however, speak loudly for themselves.
For the last 11 years I have sustained alone at
Rome the power of the Holy Father, without
having ceased a single day to revere in him the
sacred character of the chief of our religion. On
another side the population of the Romagna, aban-
doned all at once to themselves, have experienced a
natural excitement, and sought during the war to
make common cause with us. Ought Ito forget
them in making peace, and to hand them over anew
for an indefinite time to the chances of a foreign
occupation ? My first efforts have been to reconcile
them to their sovereign, and, not having succeeded,
I have tried, at least, to uphold in the revolted pro-
vinces the principle of the temporal power of the
Pope.

" After what has been already said, you see, if
all is not yet over, how it is still permitted to hope
for a speedy solution. The moment seems, then, to
have arrived to put an end to these anxieties, which
have lasted too long, and to seek for the means of
inaugurating with boldness a new era of peace in
France. Already has the army been reduced by
150,000 men; and this reduction would have been
more considerable but for the Chinese war and the
occupation of Rome and of Lombardy. My
Government will immediately present to you a
series of measures, the object of which is to
facilitate production, to increase, by affording
the means of living cheaply, the prosperity of
those who labour, and to multiply our com-
mercial relations. The first step to be taken
in this path was to fix the period for the suppres-
sion of those impassable barriers which, under the
name of prohibitions, have shut out from our mar-
kets many productions of foreign industry, and
constrained other nations to adopt an annoying
reciprocity with regard to us.
" But something still more difficult still impeded
us. It was the little inclination for a commercial
treaty with England. I have therefore taken re-
solutely upon myself the responsibility of this great
measure. A very simple reflection proves its
advantages for both countries. Neither the one
nor the other assuredly would have failed within a
few years to take, each in its own interest, the
initiative of the measures proposed; but then the
lowering of tariffs not being simultaneous, they
would have taken place on one side and on the other
without immediate compensation. The treaty has
done nothing more, then, than to anticipate the
period of salutary modifications, and to give to
indispensable reforms the character of reciprocal
concessions, destined to strengthen the alliance of
two great peoples. In order that this treaty may
produce its best effect I invoke your most energetic
co-operation for the adoption of the laws which
will facilitate its practical adoption.
" I call your attention, before, all things, to the
means of internal communication, which by their
development can alone permit us to compete with
foreign industry ; but, as periods of transition
are always those of suffering, and as it is our
duty to put a stop to a state of uncertainty so
hurtful to our interests. I appeal to your patriot-
ism for the prompt examination of the laws which
will be submitted to you. By liberating raw ma-
terials from all duties and reducing those which
weigh on articles of common consumption the re•
sources of the Treasury will find themselves severally
diminished; nevertheless, the receipts and disburse-
ments of the year 1861 will be balanced without
any need of an appeal to credits or a recourse to
new taxes. In sketching to you a faithful picture
of our political and commercial position, I have
wished to inspire you with full confidence in our
future prosperity, and to associate you in the ac-
complishment of a work fruitful in great results.
" The protection of Providence, so manifestly
on our side during the war, will not fail to a peace-
, ful enterprise whose object is the improvement of
the lot of the greatest number. Let us continue,
then, firmly our path to progress, without allowing
ourselves to be arrested either by the menaces of
selfishness, or by the clamours of parties, or by un-
just suspicions. France menaces no one; she
desires to develope in peace, in the plenitude of her
independence those boundless resources which
Heaven has given her, and she will not awaken
gloomy susceptibilities, since out of the state of
civilisation in which we are that truth springs
day by day with greater force which consoles and
reassures humanity—that the more a State is rich
and prosperous the more she contributes to the
riches and prosperity of others.' "

The following is the original text of the
Speech :
MESSIEURS LES SENATEUR3,
MESSIEURS LES DEPUTES,

A l'ouverture de la dernier session, eonfiant dans
le patriotisme de la France, je tenais a preveanir
vos esprits contre les apprehensions exagerees
d'une guerre probable, aujourd'hui j'ai a coeur
de vous rassurer contre les inquietudes
suseitees par la paix-meme. Cette paix je la veux
sincerement et ne negligerai rien pour la maintenir.
Je n'ai qu'a me feliciter de mes relations amicales
avec toutes les puissances de l'Europe ; les souls
points du globe ou nos armes soient encore
engagees sent dans l'extreme Orient. Mais le
courage de nos marins et de nos soldats, aide du
loyal contours de i'Espagne amenera bientot sans
doute un traite de paix avec le Conehin Chine.
Quant a la Chine une expedition serieuse
combinees avec les forces de la Grande Bretagne
lui infligera le chatiment dQ sa perfidie.
En Europe des difficultes touchent je l'espere
a leur terme et l'ltalie est a la veille
de ce constituer librement. Sans revenir
sur les longues negotiations qui se trainent depuis
tant de mois je me bornerai a quelques points
principaux.
La pens& dominante du traite de Villafranca
etait d'obtenir Pindependance presque complete de
la Venetic au prix de la restauration des archidue3.
Cette transaction, ayant echoue, malgre mes plus
vives instances j'en ai exprime mes regrets a Vienne
comme a Turin. Car la situation, en se prolon-
g e a nt men
ciaeua,ieutdee
etaitd e
]'objet
jre sans
dan,
es
x issue.pica loyales
tions
Pendant
entre mon gouvernement et celui do l'Austriche,
elle inspirait a l'Angleterre, a la Prusse et ft la
Russie, des demarches dont Pensemble atteste
clairement de la part des grandes puissances le
desir d'arriver a la conciliation de tons les interets.
Pour seconder ces dispositions it itnportait a la
France, de presenter la combinaison dont l'adop-
fion avait le plus de chance d'etre, acceptee
par l'Europe ; garantissant par mon armee
l'ltalie contre Pintervention
vais le droit de marquer les limitese de
tie. Aussi n'ai-je pas hesite a decltarraelicrgeateutreeß4 aojrianadie--
Sardaigne que tout en lui laissant l'entire
liberte de ses actes je ne pourrais pas le
suivre dans une politique qui avait
le tort de paraitre aux yeux de l'Europe
vouloir absorber tousles Etats de l'ltalie,
et qui nienacait de nouvelles conflagrations. Je
lui ai conseille de rependre favorablement aux
voeux des provinces qui s'offraient a lui mais
de mainteuir Pausonomie de la Toscane
et de respecter en principo les dtoits
du Saint-Siege. Si cot arrangement ne satisfait pas
toute le monde it a l'avantage de reserver les principe
de calmer des apprehensions et it fait ou Piemont
en roy aume de
plus de neuf cl'ames.
En presence de cette transformation de
l'ltalie du Nord qui donne a un etat puissant tons
les passages des Alpes it etait demon devoir, pour
la surete de nos frontiers de reclamer les versants
Francais des montagnes. Cette revendication
d'u&i territnire de peu etendre n'a Hen qui doive
alarmer l'Europe et donner un dementi a la poli-
tiquo de desenteressement que j'ai proelame
plus d'une fois, car la France ne veut proceder a cet
agrandisscruent quelque faible qu'il soit ni pas une
occupation militaire, ni pas une insurrection pro-
voquee, ni pas des sourdes manoeuvres, mais
en exposant franchement la question aux
grandes puissances. Elles comprendrant sans
dente dans leur equito comme la. France
le comprendrait certainement pour chacune
d'elles en pareille circonstance, que l'important
renaaineraeut territorial qui va avoir lieu nous