The Sun.
London, England, 1860-09-27 00:00:00

of the Imperial finances, and pretty plainly, too,
indicated the cause of it. During the last ten

years the country has paid, we are told, £80,000,000
more than it did in the previous decennial period ;
the national debt is increased by £130,000,000, and

yet property belonging to the state has been sold

for more than £10,000,000.

This is not a very consolatory view of the past.
But is not the present better ? On the contrary, it
appears that, after all the retrenchments which
have been made, the deficit for 1861 will be
not less than £3,900,000, and for the following year
£2,500,000. Besides, this calculation includes the
extraordinary " war contribution," which amounts
to £3,200,000, and which is "so exceedingly
onerous" that it cannot long be levied.
These, then, are the principal facts, and what a
tale do they tell of the financial success of the
Scwartzenberg policy, of forcible suppression of
the Austrian nationalities, and the coercion of all
by soldiers, by bureaucracy, and by concordats,
into one Empire, ruled from Vienna. The
result may well stagger even the present Austrian
Ministers and their master too. Thirteen millions
a year have been added to the debt .since 1848 ;
land that though the oppressed nationalities have
had to pay eight millions a year more in taxes, and
though the Crown has sold its property to the
amount of one million per annum. The people
have been squeezed to the uttermost—still debt in-
creases. Taxes are levied which almost stimulate
to insurrection—still the debt increases. Railways
are sold and revenues pawned to the loan contractor
—still the debt increases. What can be done ?
What but that to which the report, in conclusion,
points—the Government must content the people,
or rather the peoples. That process of relieving is
indeed one which is wormwood and gall to Aus-
trian statesmen, and to the EMPEROR too. The
former almost flew in a passion with the report, and
could see no connection between constitutions and
finance; the latter is reported to have said that as
long as he wore a sword he would not submit to
grant the'people constitutional government. Mini-
sters will talk, it seems, of liberal " institutions,"
but they shrink from the word " constitutions."
It is all, however, we trust, useless.
They cannot make paper into money.
They have already over-issued it, till it
is 34 per cent. discount compared with silver ;
and the more they issue the less they will buy with
it, till they will learn that paper without credit is
but mere paper.

And this is the empire which is exhausting itse
in the attempt to secure Venetia, and to keep doWn
Hungary and the other provinces—whose monarch
also is going to meet the monarch of another govern-
ment, as poor as itself, at Warsaw, and there to
concert measures for keeping things as they are, as
if they were the model of perfection. Russians
themselves are even at this moment complaining of
the enormous expense of watching Poland, and Aus-
tria is beggared by Hungary and Venetia, and yet
the infatuated Sovereigns cannot see that they
curse themselves in becoming the curse of the na-
tions. Easy indeed were it for them to get free
from all their difficulties, could they but bow to
justice; could they but believe that nations ought
to stand before Kings, and but give them their due.
When one thinks how heartily all the now op-
pressed peoples would respond to generous dealing
on the part of a Sovereign—how securely a HAPS-
BURG might be the common Sovereign of all his
States, if he took the same pleasure in respecting
their wishes as he now does in enforcing his own—
it is really astonishing—a proof of almost judicial
blindness, that not one in a long dynasty has ever
tried the mighty power of equity and civilisation.
Obstinacy can, however, hardly succeed long. The
Imperial paupers at Warsaw cannot create the
sinews of war—cannot neutralise the influence of
KOSSUTH, KLAFEA, and GARIBALDI, and can Lot
alter the fact that with the French people the
idea of aiding struggling nationalities will
always be popular. It is this last fact which has
put words into the mouth of Louis NAPOLEON,
and which makes him formidable. It may be sin-
gular, but it is nevertheless true, that even Impe-
rially governed herself, France always delights in
the idea of acting as the emancipator of oppressed
nation. s. It was one of her first loves when she
overthrew the old monarchy, and she has not for-
gotten it.

Much as we had anticipated, the " Defeat of
the Garibaldians at Caserta" announced from
Gaeta, through Rome, has turned out to be
a substantial military success, achieved, how-
ever, with some loss of 160 placed hors de
combat, and that loss due only to the im•
possibility of restraining the enthusiasm of the
volunteers. An admirably lucid and interesting
description of the whole affair, from the pen which
has furnished us so many already, tha pen of one
who was an actor in what he describes will be
found in another column. Oar readers should have,
in reading it, a sufficient map. An excellent one
now lies at our elbow—" Naples and Sicily, with
part of the Roman States, by E. STANFORD ; which
will answer every purpose. It will be seen that the
object was to secure the possession of a post of
great military importance, Cajazzo. This was
effected by diverting the attention of the
enemy all along the bank of the Vol-
turno, near Capua. while the place which
is situated higher up the river near the
mountains was taken by the Garibaldians. The
plan completely succeeded. One of the brigades,
however, whose only business wag to create diver-
sion, followed the it',,reating Neapolitans up to the
guns of the fortresses contrary to order; another
sent to support it had its commander killed, and
there was a momentary confusion and loss. They
soon rallied, however, and the result was, as usual,
the retreat of the Neapolitans. At Ancona the
siege is prosecuted vigorously—two of the forts are
taken and one of the suburbs, and many prisoners
made. The Sardinian Government has politely
sent the Austrians a handsome present—a thousand
Austrian prisoners taken from General LA3IO-
-

Of the dispute between Count CAVOUR and GARI
BALDI we hear little more. Signor PALLAVICINIA,
whom the General sent to Turin, has returned,
and it is, of course, supposed that he takes back
from the KING a refusal to comply with the
demands of the General. We still retain our
belief, however, that all will end smoothly. GARI-
BALDI has before given way with great good tem-
per to his Sovereign, and even retired from active
work for a short time—he will have no need to do
that now; and we are confident that his patriotism
and strong sense .will never allow him to commit
the Italian cause by any imprudent act. He
knows the position of all parties, knows his own
resources in Italy, and beyond Italy, too, and we
have the highest confidence in him that some
t lungs which now seem as imprudent as the land-
ing at Marsala will turn out to be as prudent as
ti iat ixitial step. Russia, Prussia, and Austria
al ,e going to meet at Warsaw only because they
bE lieVe GARIBALDI to be too prudent, as well as too
be 1d for Austria alone. We sincerely hope that
Li )rd JOHN RUSSELL'S interview with Baron
ScIILEINITZ previous to the assembling of the