The Sun.
London, England, 1860-03-03 00:00:00

•••••..........G........................
smooth. The Emperor NAPOLEON may over-
rate his run of luck-, which, in his
career, as in many others, may play him false in
the end. He seems predestined, like his Great
Uncle, to be the spoiled child of fortune, and
may yet meet his deserts, without the glory that
should await on good intentions, and consecrate the
memory of worthy deeds.
••••••M

From the times of the Greek despots—tyrants
they termed them—to those of the present day, the
instincts of the class have been the same. Holy
alliances, and intermarriages and treaties, to
strengthen each other against the aspirations of
men for self-government, are their universal expe-
dients. How few of the hereditary asserters of
their Divine right to reign but are directly or

indirectly, at this moment, connected by inter-
marriages, as well as by identity of interests. Even
the elected Emperor marries his family into old
families, and would have married an old family
princess himself had not Austria, to her cost, forbid
the banns. And when a match can't be made, a
treaty la' to aid each other in keeping down the

people.
At the present moment Hungary, Venetia, and
Tuscany appear to cause the despot-world great
disquiet. Very lately the _Morning Chronicle as-
sured us, on authority which our contemporary
said could not deceive, that Russia, in return for
Austrian support in the Danubian provinces and
the East, was to enable Austria to keep down
Hungary and Venetia, and generally to oppose all
the anti-legitimist arrangements which might be
proposed, attempted, or carried out in Italy. Now,
the story is somewhat modified, but with yet
stronger asseverations of its truth, and it runs
that, while Russia, from deference to France,
will not interfere in Italy, she will keep Hun,-

nary and its connected provinces in awe. Our
contemporary speaks with such confidence
as to its sources of information, as we should not
do, unless certain of not misleading oar readers, we
ought therefore to assume that the statenifnts are,
substantially, true.

We are sorry to notice that the conduct of Aus-
tria looks as if she had received some encourage-
ment. In Venetia she is brutal and barbarous. In
Hungary more bold and outrageous than a short
time ago. The Protestants, backed by the Catho-
lics and the Greek Church, were, at last, desirous
to come to some arrangement by which they might
accept the Government of the 30th of September,
without surrendering their ancient rights. They
supposed they had succeeded in doing this through
the discussion between their principal representative,
BaronNICHOLAS VAY, and Count TrluN, the obstinate
author of the Patent. The Baron had arranged a
technical mode of effecting the object of the Hun-
garians; but the haughty German Count, or perhaps
his haughtier Imperial master, or both, refused
even this. And thus, therefore, the quarrel now
stands. The German oppressors say, "You shall
bow the knee to the ecclesiastical orders of your
Jesuit ridden and treacherous Empire." The Hun-
garian Protestants reply, " Ecclesiastical arrange-
ments are a part of our national franchise—we will
not accept an octrayed arrangement." And all the
other confessions back them in asserting a national
claim ! The consequence is increased obstinacy at
Vienna ; increased persecutions ; trials worthy
to match with that of POERIO at Naples ;
and police annoyances of every kind. The Hun-
garians are now striving to find some new mode of
political manifestation, always sure to be heartily
adopted, and the Austrians to bring such things
within the survey and control of their officers. So
completely is the press at the mercy of an ignorant
and brutal German police, that the editors are
talking of asking for a censorship as a boon !
In 'Venetia, again, the Austrian reign is one of
sheer force. No terms appear to be kept. The
enmity of the population is bitter and deadly. The
measures of repression are such that the emigra-
tion is constant. For this, in itself, Austria
would probably care but little did not so large a
part of the emigrants enlist. She would endea-
vour to people the country with her blockish dull
Germans, or at least to purchase estates cheap, or
to confiscate them under all kinds of pretexts.
But if the scarcity of labour render the naturally
poor soil of little value, and the emigrants are
arming under another monarch for the liberation
some day of their native land, Austria must fear
the results of that cruelty, which is such a part of
her nature that she cannot renounce it.
But Austria is not the only despot in Italy, and
in Northern Italy too. Louis NAPOLEON can no
more change his BONAPARTE nature than the leo-
pard his spots. The " Liberator of Italy" proclaims
himself to his own Senate the despot of Italy.
The stories are true ! Not only must poor, weak,
little, helpless, France take precautions for her
safety against a kingdom which she will allow to
number 9,000,000 inhabitants; but she will forbid
that kingdom to become 12,000,000—forbid it, not
by compelling it to abstain from adding three mil-
lions more by conquest, but by forbidding the
three millions to join themselves to their natural
protectors. Tuscany and the Romagna are
to be part of a " free " Italy ; "for Italy,"
says the opening of the EMPEROR'S
speech, "is on the eve of constituting herself
free." Yes, free, indeed ! Such a freedom as a
chapter of one of our cathedrals receives from the
Prime Minister of England— the freedom of a
" leave to elect " the man whom the Minister
names. We do wonder that even a BONAPARTE
does not blush to tell Italy in the same breath that
she is " free," but—" to do as 1w orders." It is not
every hypocrite who likes to show his real objects
so plainly. But what will Lord JOHN RUSSELL
say to this? He had decried such project; on the
part of his noble ally. Will he confess now that
the despot of France has jilted him, much as he of
Austria took in Lord DERBY, by commencing the
Italian war ? English Prime Ministers must not
put their trust in Continental despots—must not,
at least, commit themselves to English audiences
on the faith of their assertions.

The Earl of ELGIN, we imagined long since had
earned a right to a marquisate. In this we were
mistaken ; but our view, we rest assured, has only
been somewhat precipitate. Those diplomatic ne-
gotiations with the Chinese and Japanese—nego.
tiations conducted by him to an issue apparent
so triumphantly conclusive, have resulted as ye,
only on the part of the larger of the two Asiatic
empires in an act of treache) y requiring to be ex-
piated through the medium of a prompt and
severe chastisement. It can only by possibility be
after this retribution has been wreaked upon the
Government t..f Pekin by the combined warlike ope-
rations in the far East, of France and England,
that the Western Allies can dream of establishing
anew, upon a firm basis, amicable relations with a
r:.ce numbering one-third of the whole population
of the globe. However ambiguously the Emperor
of FRANCE speaks in regard to other matters, in
his harangue to the Chambers, on Thursday, ho
spoke quite plainly and explicitly upon that point.
" Respecting China," said his MAJESTY, " An im-
portant expedition will, in conjunction with tho
forces of Great Britain, chastise that country for
her perfidy,:"
or, to give the very words them-
selves—" Quant ala Chine, une expedition serieuse,