The Sun.
London, England, 1856-11-03 00:00:00

MONETARY AFFAIRS.

The state of monetary affairs in this country con-
tinues to be very remarkable. By the last Bank Re-
tarn the bullion had again decreased by 379,585/,, and
the total amount was 9,760,482/. In the panic 011847
the amountof bullion for several weeks stood at between
seven and eight millions ; we have, therefore, not much
more than a million more bullion in the Bank than we
then had.

But circumstances have in the meanwhile changed.
gold which
t
op
ne rtat
there
nothing
e
The greatest change arises from the immense gold dis-
coveries
of
.Califarnia and Australia. These inspire a
is else
a confidencecs' )truol ndgg give.
e renewed. However
persuasion
in ptphle ies
public great
will supply the deficiency. The Bank, moreover, ap-
parently acting in this belief, has not thought it neces-
sary to adopt such stringent measures as would other-
wise be requisite. In the meanwhile the monetary
alarm in Paris has by no means subsided, nor can we,
at present, see any sound reason for expecting any
portantimprovement in the state of affairs.
While we are ready to admit that extensive oorn
purchases, and the large foreign undertakings of the
Credit Mobilier and the exportation of bullion to the
armies in the Crimea, may have had their effect, it ap-
pears to us that the great reason of the drain of silver
bullion from the French Bank, and the consequent drain
of gold from this country, have arisen from the very
unwise enactments which are allowed to remain !i3
France with respect to the silver coinage. It pays in
France to melt the coin and sell it as bullion. Thus it
has been a trade to get coin from the bank, melt it
down into bars, and sell it again to the bank at a profit.
Can human absurdity with regard to money get beyond
this ? And why should such a process stop? As long
as it is profitable to- melt down silver and sell it to the
bank, or export it, why should there be
a cessation of
this process ? The French government is trying indeed
to put down this traffic by legal penalties.
The common sense method is to render the exporta-
tion in melting of money an unprofitable business.
But this at.* present the French government, either
from ignorance or timidity, have neglected to do. And
the commerce and trade of the country suffer accord-
ingly.
The people are becoming disaffed and the
government unpopular.—Derbyshire Courier.

THE LORD MAYOR ELECT.—Mr. Alderman Fin irrs,
the Lord Mayor elect, attended this morning at the
residence of the Lord Chancellor, accompanied by the
Recorder and the other officers of the Corporation,
when his lordship was introduced to the Lord Chan-
cellor by the Recorder, and received her Majesty's ap-
proval of the choice of the livery.
MICEIAELMAS TER r.--This being the first day of
Michaelmas Term, the Lord Chancellor held a usual
levee, and entertained most of the leading members of
the bar at breakfast at his official residence. Their
lordships afterwards proceeded in state to Westminster
Hall and commenced the legal business of the term.
The man Griffin, stabbed by the men in Bermondsey,
lies in a very precarious state in Guy's Hospital.
E;erything depends on surgical treatment. Ho is fed
on ice, and has been bled to keep down inflammation.
Mr. Sergeant Webs has been appointed recorder of
Bedford.
The Prince of Wales, Captain Nolan, from Now Zea-
land, landed on Friday at Portsmoutha for the use of the
government, two spars of Kauri pine of the most extra-
ordinary proportions ever brought to this country—viz.,
100 feet in leugth and 341 inches diameter, without a
knot ! They will most likely become masts for the
Queen's state yacht.
MR, CHARLES MACKAY.—It is pleasant to learn that
the voice of the nightingale will be heard in November,
and under an English sky. " Under Green Leaves is
the poetic and appropriate title of a volume of verse
which Charles Mackay i 5 to give us amidst the fogs of
November. All the verses—so some of Mr. Mackay's
many sensible American admirers assure us—were ac-
tually written under green leaves and under au English
sky, and that they consequently breathe the very air in
which they were written.— -From " Town and Table
Talk " in the Illiidtratcc' Lot,don News,

LATEST NE WS.

MARSEILLES, SUNDAY.

M. Brenier has arrived. He alighted at the
Hotel d'Orient, with the whole personnel of the

Legation.
Mr. Petre and the English Legation landed
from the same packet.
They will arrive at Paris to-morrow.
The Austrians had been reinforced by two
regiments at Galatz.

A telegraphic despatch reached Paris yesterday
announcing the overthrow of the Ottoman

Ministry.
Redschid Pasha is appointed Grand Vizier.

CONSTANTINOPLE, OCT. 23.
The Vulture, despatch boat, has been sent to
reinforce the squadron off the Isle of Serpents.
The Commission for determining the Bessara-
bian boundaries has completed its labours.
The ultimatum from England has been for-
warded to the Shah of Persia.

The Indian squadron was to sail in the begin-
ning of October.
The capture of Bushire was considered inevi-
table.

Notwithstanding the efforts of England, the
Persian army was actively pressing the siege of
Herat. It was fortifying the environs, of which
it had obtained possession after having defeated
the Affghans, 6,000 of whom had surrendered,

VIENNA, SUNDAY, Nov. 2.

On the 23d October it was definitively settled
at Constantinople between the Porte, England,
and Austria, that the occupation of the Black Sea
and Danubian Principalities should be prolonged.

The Risorgimento, of the 30th ult., has the fol

lowing
" Several chests filled with arms, and addressed
to Laghorn,! have been siezed at Aveuza. The
whole of the officers of the Customs have recently,
by order of the Government, been incorporated
with the troops of the line ; great numbers com-
plain of the arrangement, and demand their dis-
charge. On the 6th several young men who bad
belonged to the British Italian Legion were arrested
at Frizzano, to which place they had had the im-
prudence to return. What will Lord Normanby,
who appears to be on such excellent terms with the
Duke of Modena, say to this ?"

According to a St. Petersburg journal of the
20th, the garrison of Nicolaieff now consists of
10,000 men.

A letter from St. Petersburg of the 25th ult., in
the Deutschland of Berlin says :

"It appears by a letter from Nicolaieff that the
greatest activity prevails in the building-yards in
that port, where not only vessels of war, but mer-
chant vessels are being constructed. The ships of
war which are to be stationed in the Black Sea and
in the Sea of Azoff, will be strong. They will be
composed of three divisions—that is to say, of 12
vessels, frigates, corvette; and others, all screw
steamers, constructed on the most approved
system."

We learn from St. Petersburg that, to " oblige
France," the Emperor of Russia has not prohi-
bited the export of corn from the Sea of Azoff.
The export of corn is prohibited in all the ports
of the kingdom of Greece.

The Paris correspondent of the Post (second
edition), in his letter dated yesterday, says :
" Whilst the Emperor of the French appears to
be entertaining his Court at Compiegne with
hunting and feasting, very grave political questions
are being settled, which are interesting to every
country in Europe. Lord Cowley was invited to
remain there from the beginning until the end
of the fetes, an honour which no other ambassa-
dor has received. This may be taken as a mark
of regard and confidence towards England, and
a proof that his Majesty wishes the English
Minister to be present on all and 'every occasion
when foreign affairs are discussed. The Em-
peror has generally a motive in his proceedings,
and in all probability his desire to unite the
representatives of foreign countries round the
Imperial table was intended to create a good
understanding between their respective Govern-
ments. To-morrow the Russian Amb2Ssador will
arrive at Compiegne, and I have reason to know
that his Excellency's visit will not be confined
to amusement only. It is probable we shall
hear some satisfactory explanations have taken
place ; or, on the other hand, that France
has no longer the slightest hesitation with re-
ference to the Serpents' Island question, or
the necessity of occupying the Principalities
with some force—Austrian, or a combined con-
tingent from England and France united with that
which already garrisons the Principalities. The
Emperor is perfectly aware that the execution of
the treaty of Paris is as necessary for the honour
of France and the future tranquillity of Europe as
her Britannic Majesty's Government, and there can
be little doubt of the Imperial will failing when it
is demanded by justice and honour. All depends
on the Emperor ; he gives little latitude to his Mi-
nisters, nor do they influence him on great occasions.
Sometimes, indeed, his instructions are not carried
out precisely in the spirit which dictated them.
Of this foreign Caurts never fail to avail them-
selves, as well as of the peculiarities of particular
Ministers—seeking even to create jealousy be-
tween England and France. This is the most
which the people of both cogattie have to fear ;
and this may be materially counteracted in head-
quarters at Compiegne, .where many weighty. ques-
tions will assuredly receive a solution. I can hear
of nothing which is not likely to find that solu-
tion favourable to an united diplomacy forcing
Russia to observe the articles of the treaty of
peace."

•••••• ..•••

The Paris correspondent of the Times (second
edition), in his letter dated yesterday, says :
" Notwithstanding the rumours that circulated
yesterday respecting the probability of a change
in the King of Naples' sentiments, I much doubt
if any hope of the kind is entertained in official
quarters here. King Ferdinand seems deter-
mined to exemplify in his person the well-known
maxim about mad...less preceding ruin. What
interval will be allowed between these two stages
of his career remains to be seen. His Majesty
and his Majesty's advisers have amused them
selves a good deal at the expense of the Al-
lies ; Neopalitan ingenuity has been exhausted
in ridiculing oar intervention and our retreat.
Perhaps our position is not the most flattering,
but the wits of Naples should not forget the old
proverb, Rira le mieux qui rira le dernier.'
When the representatives of France and England

assed through tho streets on their departure, I
can inform you that his Majesty was in o very
laughing mood."

The Vienna correspondent of the Times (second
edition) in bis letter of Oct. 30, says :
" On the 14th or 15th inst., the Allied Powers
forwarded to St. Petersburg a note, or notes, in
which it was said that they must still insist on
the cession to Moldavia of the new town of Bol-
grad, which lies at the north-eastern extremity of
the Lake of Ya]pucd. There cannot be a doubt
that Russia has attempted to take undue advan-
tage of the incorrectness of the map which was
used at the Paris Conference, but the allies, and
more particularly France, are so very desirous
to got the frontier question settled, that they are
willing to cede to Russia a rich valley which lies
between the rivers Yalpuck and Yalpujek, if she
will make no further difficulties about the cession
of Now Bolgrad. It seems that France pre-
r osed to cede the territory in question as an
" indemnification," but England, Anstria, and
Turkey objected to the use of the word, as it
would have been an indirect confession that
Russia had some claim
,to New Bolgrad. It
not believed that the Russian Government will
consent to let the Bessarabian frontier line pass
to the North of New Bolgrad—that is, be-
tv(een Bolgrad (Tabak) and the new town on
the Lake of Yalpuck ; as it must be perfectly well
known at St. Petersburg that very serious misun-
derstandings have recently arisen between the
allied Powers. The Vienna papers have received
instructions not to say anything which could give
umbrage to the Emperor Napoleon, but still .the
relations between the Austrian and French Go-
veinments are far from being satisfactory. A
person who is perfectly well-informed of what is
passing in the political world tells me that the
foundation for an alliance between France and
Russia is already laid, and that the fact is as well
known iu England as it is in Austria."