The Sun.
London, England, 1869-04-26 00:00:00

THE PAPAL STATES.

(FRI3I OUR OWN CORRESPONDENT.)
ROME, APRIL 20.
The succession of deputations presenting addresses to
the Pope has continued without interruption to the
present time. On Wednesday a large body of Italian
youths from Bologna, Ravenna, and other towns of Italy,
as well as the principal Catholic gentlemen of the Vene-
tian, Milanese, and Piedmontese towns, in all nearly two
thousand deputies, were received at the Vatican. Their
address was read by Stefano Margatti, of Turin, and by
Aquiderma, of Bologna, and was signed by nearly every
name of note in Upper Italy. The scene of enthusiasm
was such as cannot be described. The audience broke
out with the true southern vehemence into a denuncia-
tion of the new reiginte, and a complaint of the evils it had
introduced, so violent that the Pope was obliged to calm
the agitation. "Siamo col Papa /" (we are for the Pope)
was the cry that broke from every part of the room.
The Pope replied at some length, dwelling on the duty
of pardon and charity to all enemies, but speaking
most severely of those who had seduced and corrupted the
youth of Italy, and told his hearers that a great struggle
for virtue and religion was before them, but that he was with
them heart and soul. He advised them to look on them-
selves on their return to their hearths as the missionaries
of faith, and to persevere in prayer, in study, in science,
and in all which might place an obstacle to the seductions
of an atheistic revolution.
The offerings of Italy have been very large, in propor-
tion to her impoverished resources-3,000,000 lire. The
total sent for the Jubilee is estimated at a million ster-
ling, which i 3 more than sufficient to defray the enormous
expenses of the Ecumenical Council.
Twelve magnificent horses are on their way from the
Sultan as his present.
The deputation of the English Catholic clergy was
received by the Pope on Saturday. Dr. Weathers, Canon
Dennis, Canon Gibbons, and Dr. Fra di Bruno were the
priests composing it, and they were presented by
the Hon. and Very; 'Rev. Mgr. Stonor. The address
was accompanied by an offering in money and by the
magnificent medal of Vechte, executed in repou,asts work
in pure gold by Messrs. Hun: and Roskell. A separate
address was presented from the diocese of Newport by
Dom Bede Vaughan, prior of St. Michael's, near Here-
ford.
On Wednesday the ladies of various nations, headed b
Princess Odescalchi, presented the Pope with Lafori's
great picture of the battle of Mentana, and with a sum
of money contained in a richly-embroidered purse.
The Pope, in replying to the address, took occasion (as he
always does when addressingladies) to speak most strongly
on the necessity of women highly p
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Day, with their chaplains, Mgr. Stonor and Father
Gurdoris

Cardinal Clarelli publishes, in the name of the Pope, a
General Jubilee to all the Faithful on the occasion of the
(Ecumenical Council, extending to the ]st of June, on
which day it will be closed. The jubilee year implies
extraordinary powers given for the absolution of reserved
cases usually only judged is Rinne, and which will In

hus extended to a certain number of ecclesiastics in each
country.
That a modus vivendi has been under discussion between
M. Nigra and M. de Lavalette, and that the latter has
authorised the Italian Minister to give hopes to his
Government of a withdrawal of the French troops within
a given time, there is very little doubt, and this in the face
of his own words in the French Senate. A triple occupa-
tion of Austria, France, and Italy is also spoken of, but
all these projects are ignored by the Pope, who will not
allow them even to be mentioned to him, and who is
resolved to lend himself to no compromise. If France
decides upon abandoning the Roman territory, a Prussian
legion would be sent next day, and the certainty that
Rome is to be maintained neutral and free and sovereign
by the Protestant Powers, if the Catholic Powers
abandon her, acts as a powerful drag on any con-
cessions on the part of Napoleon to his Italian
allies. My own sources of information lead me to believe
that some attempt at a modus vivendi will be made by
him after the elections, but whatever it is, the Pope w ill be
no party to it ; and therefore the entire odium of any
attack on Rome will rest on the framers of the new con-
vention if it is not observed. About the end of June the
situation will become more accentrre, as the French say,
and speculation before the result of the elections is decided
is useess.

Mazzini and the brothers Garibaldi are in full activity,
and the uncertainty of 'natters in Spain alone retains the
Republican party in Italy from another attempt. The
Spanish Government have, by the way, sent their
congratulations to the Pope, with a very cordial message,
since Ivb rote to you. The Count of Girgenti and his wife,
the Infanta of Spain (daughter of Isabella) have arrived
here.

Queen Christina has given orders to sell her furniture
and let the Palazzo Albani in apartments. It is reported
that she is raising money to bribe Prim to support her
daughter's restoration, or rather that of the Prince of
Asturias with a regency, as Isabella is resolved to abdicate
in favour of hereon.

A letter from Jeruialem states that the Princess de la
Tour d'Auvergne has bought the Mount of Olives, has
presented it to the French Government, and is about to
complete a beautiful cemetery for foreign Catholics. The
" Our Fathers," in immense letters of bronze, is inscribed
in a different language over each gate of the Campo Santa.
The same letter says that the waters of the Mediteranean
have reached those of the Bitter Lakes on the Sues Canal,
a sign the work is well advanced. It will be opened next
October.

MR. JENCKES' CIVIL SERVICE REFORM

(From the Anylo-Americam Times.)

Mr. JENCKES, the Representative from Rhode
Island, introduced, on the sth instant, his
bill to reform the Civil Service of the United
States, after a long and able speech. 'lbis is his
third attempt to secure the passage of a measure
which most sensible men believe to be the only
means of arresting the general tide of corruption
now flowing with so baneful an influence over the
Union. On the day his first attempt was defeated
by two votes, in the Thirty-Ninth Congress, a clerk
defrauded the Treasury out of an amount more
than sufficient to paid a year's expenses of the
Commission he desires to establish, which would
effectually have prevented such a clerk, who had
obtained his appointment under an alias, from
getting into the position to effect such a cheat.
While the secon i bill was under debate in
the Fortieth Congress a system of pcculation
was discovered in drawbacks, by which the
Government lost, in a single Custom-house, money
enough to pay the expenses of that Commission for
at least ten years, on the calculation that it would
annually cost $60,000. No doubt, if Mr. JENCKES
would seek the information, he would be able to
put the climax to this story, by telling what took
place while the third bill was being discussed ; but
we hope he may be deprived of aay after opportu-
nity, by securing its passage. He proposes to leave
the appointments which now require the sanction of
the Senate untouched as the prizes of the politicians.
Thus, not only would all the great offices of State,
such as move with every change of Ministry in Eng-
land, be changed on the advent of a new President,
but the thousands of minor offices, also to secure
which Washington hasbeen thronged , the Capitol and
the PRESIDENT besieged. Mr. JENCKES' bill would
not interfere with that scramble, which many con-
sider to comprise all offices. These are the heads of
Departments, Assessors, Collectors, Postmasters, as
well as the Consular and Diplomatic Service, but
those which this bill proposes to deal with are the
forty thousand officials subordinate to them. It is
not the offices eagerly canvassed and discussed in the
newspapers that Mr. JENCKES seeks to fin with the
qualified class, but the secret appointments about
the selection for which the public learn nothing.
" I have seen," said Mr. JENCKES, " Custom-house
clerks who know no more of the foreign weights
and measures in the invoices and of the coinage in
which the goods were valued, than of Sanscrit ; ap-
praisers who had no more idea of the manufacture
or cost of the articles than of the physical constitu-
tion of the moon ; gaugers who could not read their
instruments; and collectors and inspectors to whom
the common chemistry of distillation was as much
unknown as any of the lost arts." Not only is the
Government plundered by the connivance of bribed
officials, but it is still more defrauded through the
ignorance of its guardians, who, even if willing, are
incompetent to protect it. Against Gen. Burreee's
assertion, that the higher grades do most thieving,
Mr. JENCKES argues that, if true, no more effectual
check could be placed on the superiors than in the
integrity of the subordinates, for these frauds can-
not be perpetrated without their knowledge. But,
he says, the plunder is chiefly effected before the
money reaches the higher grades, being stopped
at its source in innumerable small thefts, and
Mr. JENCKES appears to think that by getting
the better class, which permanent appointments
would attract, the Government would adopt the best
plan for honest collection. Nor that only, but the
cheaper; bringing the expense down to more rea-
sonable proportions. The cost of collecting the In-
ternal Revenue is five per cent. on receipts, just,
double that in other well-ordered countries,
being at the same time the worst collected and the
most costly. This, however, should not be over-
looked that the expense of collection must be
in a measure in proportion to the destiny of
population. Mr. JENCKES would authorise the
President to form a Civil Service Examination
Board of four officers for a term of five years ; each
on an annual salary of $5,000, to prescribe the quali-
fications and provide for the examination of candi-
dates ; to keep lists in the order of fitness for places
and promotion ; and determine the rules for mis-
conduct or inefficiency by which members of the
service should be discharged. All citizens to be
eligible—males and females. Each applicant to pay
a fee of $5 for examination, and $lO on receiving a
certificate of recommendation for appointment. The
duty of the Commissioners will then extend to sepa-
rating the wheat from the chaff, and sending the
names up in batches for the PRESIDENT to deal with.
They will have nothing to do with the nominations,
the departments making their selections as the PRE.
SIDENT may direct. Whilegrieving over the venality,
the nepotism, the incompetency, and reckless disre-
gard of the public interest, Mr. JENCKES denies that
integrity, honesty, honour, and patriotism have
died out in the Republic. Eight years ago many
affected to believe that the race of brave men had
become extinct in America, but circumstances soon
showed that those who held such an opinion were
wrong ; those also who profess to believe in univer-
sal dishonesty would be shown to be in error if this
measure were carried into practice. Such a mode of
selection, instead of being an innovation, is in true
harmony with the original theory and practice of the
Republic. It abolishes patronage, which is a word
repugnant to Democratic institutions ; it bars the
invasion of the Executive functions by members
of the Legislature, which is not only a usurpation,
but an influence as demoralizing to the one as to
the other, and still more so to the public service.
Instead of creating a privileged class Mr. ,ll:scirs
asserts that it would destroy a privileged- class.
Now the avenue is closed by barriers to the general
public, the bars being in the hands of those who let
in their followers only. It is absurd to call that
erecting a privileged class which throws open the
service to every citizen of the United States, demand-
ing what is the right of the country to obtain and
retain only the best men procurable. The Repub-
lican theory is not that all men are equal in quali-
fications, but that all should start on the same leve',
no hindrance being placed by the State in any one's
way. Nor is the Government an almshouse for
the imbecile, the inebriate, the blind, and the lame,

but a general co-operative business, of which every
citizen is not only a customer but a partner,
with
powerful and direct interest in its good administra-
tion. So infamously have the employes been selected
that were it not that the "store" has the nation for its
owner it would have "bust up" long since. It
continues to be run because it is a necessity, and,
as it must be worked, surely there is sense in what
Mr. JENCKES proposes, that at least the junior
clerks should have their hands kept out of
the sugar, and b© prevented from purloining
the plums. Ile desires to exclude the shoulder-
hitter, the garotter, the pipe-layer, the ballot-
box smasher, the false oath-taker, the ward-room
bully, the primary-meeting manager, the bal-
lot changer, the rioter, the peculator, the gambler,
and the thief, to whom the avenues to elective of-

fices woul I continue open. They may still become
Aldermen, Allyors, Governors of State,,,, Congress-
men, even Judges, by the popular choice. The
reform Mr. JFNCKES advocates is limited to a hum-
bler sphere ; nor is it probable that those who see k
the clerkships, the places of weighers or gaugers
will be adorned with university honours. The sort
of aristocracy it creates will be Indian agents, let-
ter carriers, light-house keepers, and tide agents.
Within the scope of the bill there arc not a hun-
dred offices over $3,000 a year, and the average is
under $1,200. These "bloated aristocrats" might
get up in Washington, where its cream would be
found, a new farce of " High Life Below Stairs" if
any fun was left in the poor clerks after their dusty
drudgery. It has been urged against the creation
of this oligarchy that it would be dangerous to the..
State ; but the Republic is more likely to withstand
their insidious policy than the present mode of col-
lecting the Revenue, which is, in truth, a real dan-
ger. Our objection to Mr. JENCKES'S Bill is that
it excludes too many offices from the permanent and
competitive principle. Congress ought not to over-
look the feelings so deeply imrlanied in the human .
mind of hope and ambition. A lad may plod with •
an earnest zeal through long years of ill-paid mono-
tonous work with the prospect of an eventual prize.
The amount of honest, steady intelligent labour the
State may secure at a trifling expense through
working on these feelings no statesman should dis-
regard. Mr. JENCKES pays a high tribute to Eng-
lish Common Law, and he would find in many par-
ticulars the Civil service of this country worthy of
imitation. The essence of it is promotion for good
service, and Mr. JENCKES omits a very attractive
magnet in so carefully culling the plums out of his
pudding. It is, however, a most important step in
the right direction, to which, if the people were
only fully alive, an immediate trial would be given.

The treaty sketched out by Dr. Roesing, Con-
sul-General of the North German Union for the
protection of German emigrants to America, ought
immediately to be carried into operation. The
ship Headwig, from Bremen, arrived at New York
with a large number on the 6th inst., and the pas-
sengers accuse the officers of brutal ill-treatment
on the voyage. Captain Beaumann was examined
by the Consul-General, and his affidavit taken as
well as that of Mrs. Mairose, who exhibited symp-
toms of insanity. She accuses the boatswain of hav-
ing committed an outrage, and the Consul has sent the
evidence to Bremen for the action of his Government.
The captain declares he endeavoured to check and
arrest the boatswain, who has escaped. On the
9th inst., the prisoners, James Glynn, William
Carruthers, and Joseph Murphy, charged with bru-
tality on board the emigrant ship James Foster, Jun.,
on the voyage from Liverpool to New York, were
brought before United States Commissioner Jones,
ard, waiving examination, were committed to
await the action of the Grand Jury.
On receipt of the telegram giving the Connecti-
cut elections, we were correct in supposing that the
old Republican member for the 'third District,
H. H. Starkweather, had been elected to Congress,
his majority over Converse being 2,254, the largest
cast. William 11. Barnum, the former Democratic
Representative, was returned for the Fourth Dis-
trict by 700 votes over the Republican candidate,
Sidney F. Beardsley. James Dixon was defeated
by the Republican candidate, Julius L. Strong, by
a majority of 764 for the Hartford District ; and
Mr. Strong takes the seat of the late De►,iocratic
member, Richard D. Hubbard. Mr. Kellogg, the
Republican, had a hard struggle, but he defeated
James F. Badcock, the Democrat, by only 323 votes
for the New Haven District, thus giving another
Democratic seat t) the Republicans in that lately
occupied by Julius Hotchkiss. The success, there-
fore, of the Republican party is greater than an-
nounced by the Cable, as it was left to be supposed that
Badcock had carried the New Haven election. The
State Senate have increased their Republican ma-
jority, but the Republicans have lost heavily in the
House, though they still command there a small
majority. The correspondent of the London Times
is then wrong in the informatio❑ he gave in that
journal on -Wednesday last as regards the members
elected to Congress. Messrs. Strong, Kellogg, and
Starkweather took their seats in the House on the
9th inst., but not Mr. Barnum. We have already
given the returns for Rhode Island, and we have
only to add that Governor Padelford's majority
was 3,875, the voting being for him 6,271 ; for
Pierce, the Democratic candidate, 3,396. The
Legislature is strongly Republican —the Senate
standing 26 Republicans to 7 Democrats, and the
House 60 Republicans to 12 Democrats.
A Leavenworth paper thinks "an evidence of
the westward march of civilization" that the Kansas Le-
gislature appropriated $1,400 for tobacco for the peniten-
tiary prisoners, and only $3OO for preaching the gospel to
them

HOLLOWAY'S PILLS are decidedly the best remedy for all
disorders of the stomach and bowels, the liver and kidneys
They act with so decided an effect, and yet so gently, that 11300°
of the moat delicate constitutions may take them with the most
perfect confidence. They do not contain a single grain of mer-
cury or other noxious substance, being composed exclusively of
rare balsams. They are therefore equally safe and efficacious,
and as a family medicine nothing yet invented or discovered can
be compared with them for a moment. With the se inestimable
pills at hand, together with the printed directions affixed to each
box, no other medical advice or assistance can be needed in ant
ordinary case of sickness

[ADVERTISEMENT ]— Consumption, and all bilious, nervous,
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