The Sun.
London, England, 1869-05-10 00:00:00

Not long ago Liverpool was the head-quarters, nor
that only, but almost the sole port whence steerage
passengers could ship in steamers for New York and
Canada. Now the Irish go from Queenstown, and
Greencastle, and Londonderry direct during the
summer months. The Scotch embark from Glas-
gow; the Germans from Hamburg, Bremen, and other
harbours ; from Copenhagen a line now plies, touch-
ing at Bremerhaven. There are numerous depar
tures from Havre and Brest, and it is intended to run
steamers from an Italian port straight to New York.
From London there is ample opportunity, as well
as from Southampton, and recently Plymouth has
been added to the list, a boon to the miners of
Cornwall ani Devonshire now flocking in thou-
sands to America. .N otwithstancling these great
facilities, the Government emigration officials have
lately been more busy in. Liverpool than for many
years, superintending what is termed an " enor-
mous exodus." Although the Irish emigration has
there greatly decreased, as they avail themselves of
the facilities now afforded by their own h irbours,
that from tl.e Continent has not dwindled as anti-
cipated, through the opportunities of shippiiig direct
in splendid steamers. From Liverpool thirty-one
ships last month sailed for the United States under
the Passmger Act, and of 0:021,566 who took places,
over 9,000 were foreigners. The proportion of Eng-
lish was 7,259 ; of Irish 4,505 ; of Scotch 748. Only
eight ships left for Canada with 4,985 passengers, of
whom consi lerably more than half were foreigners,
2,055 English, 169 Irish, and one Scotch. The
total emigration for the month was 27,038, show-
ing an increase over that of the corresponding month
of last year of 8,168, and it is noticed that the
exodus enlarges, April's list being 14,418 in excess
of that of March. What we consider the most
hopeful sign in these figures is the steady increase
of English emigration to the United States. Our
idea ought to be, if it is not, known to our readers,
for we have repeated it often enough. But as we
hold a singular position in England (while as satis-
fied as of our own existence of the truth of what
we assert) we intend to keep hammering away on
that line. The effort some good but ill-informed
men make to divert British emigration anywhere
from the United States is a fatal mistake. Their
principle is that emigration strengthens the Re-
public, and in strengthening the Union it but adds
to the power of an enemy. This monstrous blunder,
for as such we consider it, has cost both countries
enough, and it is about time now that it should ex-
plode. By carefully diverting British emigration
from the United States, while rather helping to drift
the Irish emigration there, England has studiously
fortified her enemy's strongest position, manned and
armed it against herself. By shutting her own chil-
dren out she has excluded the garrison that would
have availed her in time of danger, preventing the
fortress from being used by her foes as a base for
offensive operations. We would ask any candid,
unprejudiced person if we overstate the case, and,
if not, if such conduct be not that of the insane ?
It is true that in injuring her own citizens by clos-
ing to them the,finest field for emigration, they have
injured the Republic—aye—and to a far greater
extent than the United States suppose. Our posi-
tion on this subject has already been stated, so we
geed not here touch further upon it, but we hail the
change now so satisfactorily progressing for the first
time for many many years, of British emigration to
the United States. It will take years for the in-
fluence to be strongly felt, but if clodhoppers from
Irish bogs can so quickly attain the position they
occupy in the Union, we may reasonably hope that
the Protestant yeoman-emigration of Scotland, Eng-
land, and from the north of Ireland, freely sent, may
still more rapidly, in proportion to number, rise into
political importance. Educate the boys and girls to
go; send them with a blessing ; let the successful
do as the Germans and Irish, save, and remit in
aid of the emigration of their brethren, and England
will place her garrison within the citadel, practi-
cally renewing the consanguinity with the great
Republic, about which there has beet: so much talk,
a relationship which has been dying out, in fact,
as well as in feeling.—Auglo-American Times.

THE COST OF ENGLISH AND AMERICAN

Ti\7llllT Y.

I Senator SUMNER, who understands so well how
to assess damages, positive as well as undefined,
might profitably spend some hours on this subject.
As yet his attention has only been directed to a
portion, which we will use, and endeavour to fill in
the rest. Ever since a stupid king, acting on the
crude, ignorant notions of Government then prevail-
. ing, severed the home country from her American
colonies after a war which entailed a heavy burden
- on England and sowed over the liberated coloniesthe
seeds of bitterness, a feeling of enmity bas been
cherished by a portion of the citizens of both coun-
' tries. Had the founders of American independence
and the upper classes of Britain known the future
cost of gratifying this feeling they would earnestly
have endeavoured to smother instead of fostering it.
It is difficult iu approaching the losses sustained by
both nations through enmity, to do more than
broadly generalize ; but there are striking facts
accomplished and transpiring in our own day too
well established to be disputed, and worthy of
attentive consideration. Almost from the birth of
the Republic to the present time, the parent and child
have been engaged in a paper controversy in abus-
ing, ridiculing, misrepresenting, vilifying each other
—attacks better calculated to keep alive irrita-
tion than to give either side pleasure. Very often
the irritability has almost blazed into war, and once
hostilities actually broke out. The Canadian re-
bellion, England bolds, was organized from the
United States; the Fenian rebellion was wholly
the work of men who called themselves American
citizens. Twice they invaded the Canadas; often the
frontier was threatened; an Irish Republic was esta-
blished in New York, and the emissaries sent forth
by it landed in Ireland and fomented an outbreak.
Their conspiracies ramified to England itself. Ches-
ter Castle, with its munitions of war, only escaped
their hands by an accident, and a street in London
was blown up to effect an object of the organization.
For a long spell the Habeas Corpus Act was sus-
pended in Ireland ; the force in Canada had to be
increased, and a heavy burden fell on the Canadian
Government in preparing to resist the threatened
invasions. In every war Britain waged, her enemy,
the British assert, had the active sympathy of Ame-
ricans, even when it was to suppress and punish
those who commenced the revolt for the extirpation
of Christianity in Asia by a series of massacres so
atrocious as to shock the world. American sympa-
thy, say Englishmen, was given to Russia in the
struggle with the Western Powers, because England
was on the other side, and it received an illustra-
tion in the unceremonious disaaiss.al of an officer of
the English Consular Service by the Washington
Government. It is asserted by those considered
good authorities that the fiscal legislation of the
United States was influenced by the desire to injure
the mother country, and that enmity still gives its
chief strength to Protection. It id also said that
England's attitude, as well as thatof the Republic to-
wards foreign countries is modified by the known
enmity between them; that England could not
take the course she otherwise would, in repelling
the invasion of Denmark by Germany ; that the
Washington Government is restrained from acting
the part most agreeable to the nation towards Cuba
by the fear of compromising the position of the coun-
try on the Alabama claims. What may be Eng-
land's loss through American enmity we have no
means of ascertaining, but the Republic's loss
through English enmity is more real and apparent.
Taking a tithe of Senator SUMNER'S calculation it
must be gigantic in the case of the civil war alone ;
but this has been so recently explained that we need
not here touch on it. England has successfully en-
deavoured to divert her emigration in any direction
from the United States ; and in doing so both coun-
tries have sustained an incalculable. loss. Not only the
finest field for emigration has thus been barred to the
people who make the best emigrants, but the loss has
told most injuriously on the Republic itself. For a
period the Irish leaven so fermented as to be felt dis-
agreeably in the Union, but fortunately the enor-
mous influx of Germans is over• riding the evil influ-
ences of Irish emigration in the mass, for it is an
Hibernian peculiarity that the sons of the Green
Isle make excellent emigrants individually, scattered
among other nationalities, but bad settlers when