The Sun.
London, England, 1856-02-11 00:00:00

AMERICA.

SOUTHAMPTON, Feb. 10.—The United States'
mail steam-ship Hermann, Capt. Higgins, with
dates to the 26th ult., arrived at this port this
morning en route from New York for Bremen.
There were on board about 50 passengers, l5 of
whom have lauded at Southampton, and the usual
cargo of English merchandise. The Hermance,
after coaling, will proceed to Bremen to-morrow.
The mail steam-ship Baltic, from Liverpool for
New York, arrived out on tho morning of tie 24th
ult. The Washington, from Southampton, reached
New York on the 21st ult.

Congress was still without a Speaker.' The last
ballot was; Banks, 91 ; Richardson; GZ ; Fuller, 29;
Campbell, 5 ; Pennington, Shorter, and Porter one
each. The numloer necessary to a choice was 98.
In the House of Representatives Mr. Boyce.
offered a resolution to the effect that as the relations
with Great Britain were of the most threatening
character, indicating the eve of most startling
events, it was the imperative duty of the House,
at such a juncture of peril, to organise itself by the
election of a Speaker. Mr. Stephens, in reply,
said, that if the country was on the eve of war he
knew nothing about it. The motto i was tabled.
The President had communicated to the Senate
the following letter fixim Lord J. Russell to Mr.
Crampton respecting the Central American . ques-
tion. The subject was to be discussed in the
Senate on the 27th of January _ _

"London, Jan. 19, 1853.
"Sir, —ln treating of the affairs of Mosquito, I must
in the first place refer you to the despatch of Lnrd
Malmesbury of the 6th of July, 1852, upon this subject.
It is evident that since Great Britain first assumed the
Pr• )tection and defence of the Mosquito Indians, the
position of all parties has changed.
" 1. Spain, instead of exercising absolute sovereignty
over Central America, and prohibiting all commerce on
the coasts under her sway, has entirely lost her domi-
nion over the continent from Cape Horn to Florida.
" 2. The Mosquito Indians, instead of governing
their own tribe according to their own customs, furnish
a name and title to Europeans and Americans, who
carry on trade at Greytown and along the coast of Mos-
quito. according to the usages of civilised nations.
" 3. Great Britain, instead of having an interest in
the defence of the Mosquito Indians, tor the sake if
rescuing part of the territory of Central America from
Spanish control, and obtaining an authority fer hfr
commerce, has no other interest in Mosquito than that
which is derived from an honourable regard for her old
connection with the Indian nation of Mosquito.

" Her Majesty's Government has for several years en-
deny )ured to suit her engagements to She altered circum-
stances of the case; but every proposal that has bt Oil
made with this view has encountered -some insuperable
obstacle. The contentions in CCirtral America between
Nicaragua, Costa Rica, and Honduras ; the absence of
any authority with hich any permanent agreement
could be made ; unfounded jealousies of Great Blitain,
and various other circumstances, have prevented the
settlement of this vexatious question.
"In conformity with' the opinions stated in Lord
Malmesbury's despatch of July 16, to which I have al-
ready referred, I have to state that the Committee of
Government at Greytown are, in fact, the real power
that exercises authority in that part of Central America.
To her Majesty's Government it would he a matter of
indifference whether that authority was exercised in the
name of the King of Mosquito or in the name ot Giey-
town itself. But it is desirable that what is apparent
should ho made to conform as far as possible with what
is real. What is apparent is that the King of Mosquito
exercises sovereignty over Greytown. What is real is,
that he had no authority there whatever, but that the
committee of Europeans and Americans carry en the
Government at that port.
"What her Majesty's Government, therefore, should
consider a good and final arrangement would be—first,
that Greytown should be a free and independent port,
connected with Mosquito by such relations of friendship
and alliance as may be agreed upon. Second, that indem-
nification, or advantages equivalent to those laid down
in the project of convention of the 13th of April, 1852,
shall be assured to Mosquito in return for its wither iwal
front its present position with regard to Gieytown.
Third, that Great Britain and the United States, with-
out guaranteeingGres town, should be ready to act in con-
cert to defend the independence of the free city or port of
Greytown from whatever quarter it might be attacked.
What is es,ential and of immediate importance is, that
the authorities of Greytown should be ready to assume
either unqualified independence, with an engagement to
defend Mosquito, or qualified independence, owing alle-
giance and support to Mosquito. For this purpose some
person qualified to treat should proceed at once to Grey-
town. Whether a naval officer of her Majesty's service or
a civil one would be a fitter person to be intrusted with
this mission, I must leave you to decide. It would be
desirable if the Government of the United States should
concur in those views, that a new convention, in place of
the unaccepted project of agreement of April, 1852,
should be proposed and concluded, and that a person
similarly qualified should be sent by this Government at
the same time and for the same object.
" I have only further to say that indemnity to Mos-
quito might possibly not be made in money, but in
greater security, for certain fixed territory within which
the free port of Greytown, assisted by her Majesty's
strips of war, might manage to defend the Mosquito
nation. The Governor-General of Canada and autho-
rities in other of her Majesty's North American posses-
sions have made from time to time agreements somewhat
similar. The President of the United States has frequently
made conventions with the Indians to the like effect. The
peculiarity of this base is that certain neighbouring
States deny altogether the independence of Mosquito, and
the Mosquito nation are liable every day to new incur-
' sions upon their territory. We can make no complete
provision against this danger. Our policy is to do all that
I.
' honour and humanity require in behalf of the Mosquito
nation. But we intend to adhere strictly to the treaty
at Washington of the 19th of April, 1850, and not to
assume any sovereignty, either direct or indirect, in
Central America. _ "J. RUSSELL."

(Memorandum in Mr. Everett's handwriting.)
" Mr. Crampton authorised m s to communicate this
to Congress in any way 1 thought proper."
The New York papers publish, in extenso, the
special message of the President to Congress on
the Kansas controversy
The President recapitulates the history and pro-
gress of that territory hitherto, from which it appears
tl tat a large share of the troubles which have existed
there are the natural and necessary
overnor Reeder's course first, consequence of
in giving certifi-
c. ttes of election to persons (perhaps) not entitled to
tl iem, and then, subsequently, in refusing to acknow-
ledge the Legislature collectively, which he had ac-
knowledged in detail, !and for no better reason than
because they had transferred their sittings from his
famous village of Pawnee to the Shawnee Mission. in
ioth respects he evinced a lack of sound judgment or else
if firmness, and the consequences began to be seen. The
I?resident distinctly acknowledges the validity of the acts
o f the Kansas Legislature, and of course he -ignores • vo-
lr inteer conventions and volunteer elections in opposition
o the, government inchoated by Copgrefit3, Accordingly