The Sun.
London, England, 1860-05-28 00:00:00

THE SUN, LONDON, MONDAY EVENING, MAY 28, 1860.

• Office of the Gas Light and Coke Company,
Horseferry-road, Westminster,
25th May, 1860.
NOTICE IS HEREBY GIVEN, That the
Court of Directors of the Gas Light and Coke Com-
pany do hereby declare that a ♦acancy has occurred in the
Court of Directors by the decease of Benjamin Hawes, Esq.,
Governor.

Noqice is Hereby also Given, That, by the Bth Bye-Law of
the Company, it is ordained and appointed that every candi-
date for becoming a Governor shall give notice hi writing to
the Secretary of the Company at least 14 days before elec-
tion.

Notice is ITereby further Given, That a SPECIAL GENE-
RAL COURT of the PROPRIETORS of this COMPANY
will be held at this Office, on TUESDAY, the 19th day of
June next, for the Election of a Governor to supply the said
vacancy; and that, should a Ballot be required, it will con-
tinue open for four hours from its commencement. The chair
will be taken at twelve o'clock precisely.
By order of the Court of Directors.
C. BURLS, Secretary.

AUX VILLES DE FRANCE, PARIS,
101, Rue Richelieu, and 51, Rue Vivienne,
The confidential House of the Parisian Aristocracy.
LYONS SILKS.
MANTLES, CLOAKS, and Ready-made Articles.
LINGENE and LACE.
FRENCH CACHEMERE.
FANCY STUFFS.
PARIS MADE GLOVES,
And new FANCY TISSUES, in the first style.
LADIES' DRESSES made to measure in the newest
Parisian Fashions.
The Prices are invariably fixed, as well on the Goods as for
making up.

REDUCTION OF TEN POUNDS PER TON
In the price of
THORLEY'S FOOD FOR CATTLE
On and after the Ist of April, 1860.
Barrels ctg 448 Feeds, wg nett 1121b5., with measure, 40s each
Cases „ 448 Feeds, „ 1121b5., in Packets, 45s each
Carriage paid to any railway station in the kingdom,
Nutritives value .. .. .. .. £l5
Condimental value .. .. .. .. 125

Total .. £l4O per ton.
showing a profit of £lOO per ton through the use of this in-
valuable compound, adapted for the seasoning of all kinds
of food for animals.

Agents required in every town where none are already
appointed.
JOSEPH THORLEY, the Inventor and sole Proprietor.
Offices, 77, Newgate-street, London.
A Pamphlet sent free by post on application.

CERTAIN RELIEF for the AFFLICTED.—
Dr. SCOTT'S BILIOUS and LIVER PILLS, pre-
pared without any mercurial ingredient, from the recipe of Dr.
Scott, of Bromley, Kent, are a sure remedy for affections of the
liver, indigestion, bile, sick headache, giddiness, loss of appe-
tite, lowness of spirits, &c. They can be taken at any time,
without any danger from wet or cold, act mildly on the bowels,
without pain or griping, clear the skin, remove sallowness
and pimples, purify the blood, brace the nerves, and invigo-
rate the whole system. Sold by most druggists, in boxes,
Is. lid. and 2s. 9d. each. Be sure to ask for Dr. Scott's
Bilious and Liver Pills. The genuine are a square green
package, with " William Lambert, 20, Jermyn-street," en-
graved on the Government stamp.

PRESENTS.- ORNAMENTAL and SCIEN
TIFIC.—ORNAMENTS for the Drawing-room, Library,
and Dining-room, consisting of a new and elegant assortment
of VASES, Figures, Groups, Candlesticks, Obelisks, Inkstands,
beautiful inlaid Tables, Paper weights, &c., in Italian,Alabas-
'er, Marble, Bronze, Derbyshire Spar, &O. Imported and
manufactured by JAMES TENNANT, Mineralogist to her
Majesty, 149, Stand, W.C., London.
Mr. Tennant arranges elementary collections of SHELLS,
MINERALS, and FOSSILS, which will greatly facilitate
the interesting study of MINERALOGY, CONCHOLOGY,
and GEOLOGY, at 2,5, 10, 20, 50, to 100 guineas each.
PRACTICAL INSTRUCTION in GEO LOGY and MINE-
RALOGY is given by Mr. TENNAN I', at 149, Strand, W.C.

s, GREAT AIARLBOROUGH-STREET, W., NEAR
THE PANTHEON.

CULVERWELL, Member of the Royal
I_, College of Surgeons, Licentiate of Nildwifery, and Apo-
thecaries' Hall, London, can be consulted daily (only) as
above, on all cases of Nervous Debility, Languor, Incapacity,
Lass of Memory, Sterility, and all Functional Derangements
of both Scses, emanating from early and excessive
.indul-
genoefi,

Ilas Just published, price Is. ; by post, 12 stamps,
18 sealed,
No. 4,
An entire new and orioinal Work, entitled::
OURSELVES.
Synopsis : The Physiology and Anatomy of our Generation
Origin of Disease—Symptoms, Treatment, and Cure.
Also, an Exposition of, and Remedy for, all Urinary Derange-
ments and Marital Disqualifications,

MALE.
Tne Modern treatment of Syphilis, Stricture, BlennorrhatTia
;Gonorrhoea), Spermatorrhcea, Impotency, and all Diseases of
the Urinary Organs, with Prescriptions, &o.

FEMALE.

The Physiology and Anatomy of Women—Functional Ir-
regularities in Health and Sickness—Choice in Marriage—
fireir Expectancies and Disappointments—The Cause and
Removal of Sterility—The Theory and Symptoms of Gesta-
tion—Use of the Speculum, and the securing of Healthy
Offspring. Also,
No. 1.
HEALTH, HAPPINESS, and LONGEVITY;
On Debility, Nervousness, Dyspepsia, and Indigestion,

INDIA. AND CHINA.

By the arrival of the Calcutta mail we (Times)
have received our private correspondence and files
of papers from Calcutta to the 23d of April, and
frem Hong Kong to the 14th of April.

INDIA.
The following is the letter of our Calcutta co:
respondent:—

CALCUTTA, APRIL 23.
To-day is the sixth day since I despatched to you
by the Bombay route a detailed account of the
effects produced in Calcutta by the publication of
Sir C. Trevelyan's Minute, and of- the means
adopted by this Government to render that minute
comparatively harmless. I am happy now to be able
to record that, so far as it is possible to judge, the
difficulties of the situation, aggravated as they have
been, are yet not beyond the capacity of the Govern-
ment to overcome. The reports that hai,c come in
from many parts of India, including some from
Madras, continue to show that the people every-
where expect taxation, and are ready to submit to
it.

Many considerations have combined to induce
the great mass of the population throughout the
country to regard Mr. Wilson's scheme with even
a favourable eye. It has not escaped attention that
every man receiving less than 16r. 12a. per mensem
is altogether free from the operation of the tax. To
the peasantry in general, then, who do not earn
one-half that sum, and who constitute pre-emi-
nently the muscular element of the population, the
measure does Not Appear unacceptable, It has been
felt for some time past that something in the way
of legislation has been impending, and the very
uncertainty existing as to the shape that legislation
would take has tended more than anything else to
disquiet men's minds. It is now certain that wher-
ever it has bean possible to acquaint the people with
the details of the proposed measure, and to ascer-

tain their opinion regarding it, that feeling of dis-
quietude has been changed for one of surprise at
the moderation of the Government. The attempted
disturbance at Peshawur, of which I gave a short ac-
count in my last, affords not only an illustration of
this statement, but places in a strong light two of
the most striking characteristics of this people—
their readiness to imagine, and their inclination on
all secular matters to submit to the voice of autho-
rity. It appears that, misled by an idea that each
householder was to be called upon to pay 35r. as a
tax on his own account, 30r. for his wife, sr. for
each living child, and half that sum for every one
that had been buried, a mob of natives assembled
tumultuously before the house of the Deputy-Com-
missioner, Explanation, however, was all that was
required to satisfy their minds. No sooner were
they authoritatively informed of the actual rates
proposed to be levied than contentment took the
place of disorder. It is with the view probably to
prevent in other parts of India any similar ebulli-

Lon that Government is taking the greatest pains

to disseminate throughout the country expositions
of the nex taxes adapted to the several dialects of
India. Here, it is not ignorant impatience, but im-
patient ignorance of the precise method of taxation,
against which the Government must be on its
guard ; and it is felt, and rightly felt, that the safe
and simple means by which this evil is best encoun-
tered is by a distribution on the widest scale of a
plain, unvarnished statement, showing the financial
exigencies of the State, and asserting the general
principle on which the new taxes are to be levied.

It cannot be doubted that the natives, as a body,
will appreciate a communication of this description.
Drawn up as it has been in a style easy of compre-
hension, and adapted to their habits of calculation
they will not fail to see and to admit not only the
necessity for taxation, but the yet more weighty
fact that the new scheme has been based on the
principle of fairness and equity_ Too much cannot
be said in praise of the skilful manner in which the
details of Mr. Wilson's scheme have in these expo-
sitions been rendered suitable to native comprehen-
sion, or of the statesmanlike foresight which sug-
gested their employment.

But, while the dissemination of this document
has been adopted as a general measure of precau-
tion against false or exaggerated rumours, other
and more direct methods of instilling confidence
into the public mind have not been lost sight of.
The Minute of Sir C. Trevelyan dealt largely in
objections. Vague as these were, and founded
on no given data, Mr. Wilson has taken the earliest
opportunity of submitting them to the inexorable
test of facts and figures. An opportunity was
afforded him at the meeting of the Legislative
Council on the 21st inst., of which he was not slow
to take advantage. It will be recollected that in
his Minute Sir Charles insisted on the possibility
of balancing expenditure and income at the end of
1861 by means of a further reduction of military
expenditure. Mr. Wilson thus disposed of that
assertion. The military expenditure for the past
thre years and during the current year, had been
shown in the annexed tables :

1856-7 .. £11,303,780 1858-9 .. £20,258,06,5
1857.8 .. 15,089,391 1859-GO .. 16,855,275
It will thus be seen that military expenditure was
at its lowest point the year before the mutiny, at
its highest in the year ending April 30, 1859, Be-
tween this last date and the corresponding date in
the current year a saving of £3,402,790 will have
been effected. It is estimated that in the year
which will close on April 30, 1861, a further re-
duction of £1,740,000 will take place. Thus in two
years, from the date on which the mutiny may be
said to have been suppressed, oar military expendi-
ture will have been diminished by £5,142,790; and
yet, notwithstanding that diminution, there is an
estimated deficiency on that year of six millions
and a half! The question is, how is that deficiency
to be met ? Sir C. Trevelyan states, by still further
reducing our military expenditure. The following
table will show how this plan would work :

Expenditure of 1858 59 . £20,258,065
Reductions made by the Supreme Govern-
ment up to April, 1861

Military expenditure, according to Mr. Wil-
son's estimate, for the year ending the 30th
of April, 1861
Deduct the estimated deficiency which Sir C.
Trevelyan says can be met by a further
reduction of military expenditure

Balance available for military purposes ...... £8,615,275
That is to say, a sum will be available for the pur-
poses of defraying the expenses of our European
army in 1860-611ess by £3,000,000 than the amount
which was expended on our native army in 1856-7.
Absurd as it may appear, this is the inevitable re-
sult of Sir C. Trevelyan's scheme for balancing ex-
penditure and income. At a time when the Euro-
pean element has increased at least three-fold, at a
cost to the State four or five times greater than
that of the same number of natives; when it is ad-
mitted, too, that the number of European troops is
certainly not too great for the preservation of the
empire, it is gravely proposed to reduce our mili-
tary expenditure to a point which would compel a
diminution of the European element by nearly one-
half, which would place usin a more helpless con-
dition than that in which the outbreak of the
being carried out, of one fourth of
-9 is a bold measure ; it is mutiny found us. The reduction spread over two
now being
to its extreme limit. To go
present moment in that line would
empire. The ashes of the rebellion
are,eftyhunere-
trenchment
t years,
endanger
ailesanratttr huntlehoef , the present
trodden out ; the survivors of those
who fought against us harbour now no hope of a
national Sovereignty, and our power ever present
to them. There is not a fortress left unguarded by
European troops. In every corner of the country
there are visible signs of a determination to main-
tain what we have; but remove those signs, take
away those troops, or diminish them by one-half,
and we should very speedily see in the altered de-
meanour of our native fellow-subjects that once
again the day of safety had passed away. An ex-
penditure of £11,000,000 did not save us from being

I brought to the very verge of disaster in 1857. Ys 4
possible that eight millions and a-half. now could
suffice for wants which have immensely increased
since that period ? By pursuing the prudent and
statesmanlike course marked out by Mr. Wilson ti
Government is enabled to make reductions whit
are not experiments—to diminish expenditnre, an
yet to keep up a force strong enough to overaw
and, if necessary, to pig down clisaffeatioi
Already five have- been lopped off, an
Mr. Wilson is sanguine that- in the course of th
next two years, if the peace of the countn
be maintained, £Boo,ooo_ may follow.
yond this--a reduction which would di
minish the military expenditure of the Continent
to 14 millions and a quarter-=he and his colleagues
consider it impossible to retrench.

It is worthi of remark that up to the present
moment retrenchment has been actually effected only
in Bengal. Notwithstanding the economical pro-
fessions of Madras, her savings have been hitherto
infinitesimally small. It is to her efforts, therefore,
that Mr. Wilson looks for the additional retrench-
ments which are to make the total savings of the.
year 1860-61 in excess of £5,000,000. The follow-
ing is the table showing the expenditure of the three
Presidencies :

MILITARY EXPENDITURR.
Bengal. Madras. Bombay. Total.
1856-7 .... £6,247,517 £3,005,283 £2,050,981 £11,303,780
1857-8 .... 8,656,965 3,653,450 2,778,976 15,089,391
1858-9 .... 11,613,022 4,633,774 4,011,269 20,258,05
1859-60.... 8,346,480 4,303,030 4,208,795 16,855,275
" The principles enunciated by Mr. Wilson hate
met with ,s, hearty response from the outside com-
munity. The native press alone withholds approval,
and, having had two months already to consider the
bill, begins now, since the receipt of Sir C. Trevel-
yan's minute, to talk of the necessity of further
delay, for the purpose of deliberation and action.
That portion of the native press published in the
English language represents not that large commu-
nity of natives who, working by the sweat of their
brow, are entirely exempt from the operation of the
tax, but that limited and wealthy class only who fall
within its influence, and most of whom as zemindars
consider their liability to taxation an infringement
of their charter.

CALCUTTA COMMERCIAL INTELLIGENCE.

-
(From the Calcutta _Englishman.)
MONDAY, April 23.
The Produce Market has continued in the same
unfavourable state as reported in our last.
Import Market—We have to report a very quiet
and dull fortnight. All imports have remained in
a very depressed state till prices at last gave way,
slowly.

Government Securities—There has been great
buoyancy in the security market. The 51 per ceit.
having 105-4, and 5 per cent, sold at 97-12 and the
4 per cent. at 84-8 ; the news received from Eng-
land on Saturday is, however, likely to cause a
reaction.

Joint Stock Shares—A reduction in the bank
rate of discount and an easy money market has
caused more inquiry for approved shares, but the
business done has been small, owing to holders
being disinclined to part with their investments,
unless at an advance upon our quotations. The
Ganges Company has declared a dividend of 50 Rs.
per share, and the scrip is saleable at 600. India
Generals are at 1,550. The Docking Company have
sold a small portion of their waste land on advan-
tageous terms, and their shares are at 900. Bengal
Coal Company's shares are in favour at 1,800 ; some
sales of East India Coal sharles are reported at quo-
tations. Bonded and Assam shares are in good re-
quest. In bank shares we hear of no. transactions.
Shares in the new Tea Companies of Cahar are all
held firmly, and there are no sellers.
Money Market—The money market is much
easier both with the banks and in the Bazaar ; the
Bank of Bengal has lowered its rate one per cent.
all round, and also reduced its margin for loans on
Government securities. Loans are, however, mak-
ing in the Bazaar at one per cent. below bank
rates.

Exchange—A large business has been transacted
for this mail in bills on England at 2-OZ for bank
bills, 2s. ld. for first class credits, and 2 11 for do-
cuments ; rates firm. On China there have been
sales at 223 to 224, but the supply of bills was

Freights—Our rates to London average £4 to
£4 ss. ; to Liverpool, £3 155.; to Continent (nomi-
nal), £4 10s.; to Mediterranean (nominal), £5; to
Australia, £5 55.; to France, £5 lOs , or equal to
130 francs ; to America, 162 dols. a ton ; to China,
40 rs. a ton; to Java, 30 rs.; Straits of Ma-
lacca, 20 rs.; to Mauritius, 2 8 rs. a bag; and emi-
grants, 75 rs. a head ; to Madras, Colombo, and
Bombay, 25 rs. to 30 rs. a ton; to Arracan and Bar-
mah, 20 rs. a ton.