The Sun.
London, England, 1860-02-06 00:00:00

EXTRAORDINARY DISCOVERY OF A

D_EAD BURY.

CARLISLE, Saturday Evening.—An inquest was
opened to-day by Mr. Carrick, at the police-office
here, upon the body of a person unknown, which
was discovered on Thursday, at the Bush Hotel,
under the following mysterious circumstances :
About 12 months since a long deal box was left
at the Bush Hotel, in this city, by one of the por-
ters of the Caledonian Railway Company. On the
top or lid of the box was the following address,
written in an illiterate hand—" This side up. Mrs.
London, Bush hottel, Carlisle." The box remained
in the hotel for some time, but no one came to claim
it, and it was at length removed to the " market
room" of the house to be out of the way, and up to
last Thursday had stood in that room unasked for
and untouched. A few days since Mr. Cowx, the
father of the landlord of the hotel, happened to be
at a sale in the neighbourhood of Carlisle, and the
locality reminding him that an old lady bearing
the name of the address on the box resided a short
way off, he sent a lad to inform her that there was
a box with her name on it, which had been at the
Bush for many months without having been claimed
and suggesting that it might possibly be intended
for her. Upon hearing this, Mrs. London sent her
niece, Mrs. Margaret Dixon, to the hotel, who, on
being shown and examining the address on the
box, came to the conclusion that it was not for her
aunt; but at the same time suggested that it might
be opened to see if the contents could give any clue
to the owner. Mr. Cowx assented to this, and the
box was opened, What was the astonishment of
those who looked into it to find a coffin containing
the body of a child ! Mr. Bent, the superintendent
of the city police, was immediately •sent for. He
came, and on inquiry ascertained from Mary Bishop,
waiting-maid at the hotel, that the box had been
delivered at the hotel on the 21st of March, last
year, by a railway porter, for the carriage of which
she paid 25., and signed the book produced by the
porter to certify its safe delivery. It was kept at
hand in the expectation of the owner calling for it,
but, as has already been stated, no claimant appear-
ing, it was subsequently removed to the market-
room. On inquiry at the booking-office of the
gods department at the Citadel Station, Mr. Bent
ascertained that the box had been booked at Paisley
for Carlisle on the liith of March, three daysbefore
its delivery. This was all that; could be learnt at
the moment. Mr. Bent, however, caused the box
to be removed to the police office, where a closer
examination was made of the contents, in the hope
of finding some clue to the sender. The search was
made in the presence of Dr. Elliot, Mr. Temperley,
Mr. Bowman, and Mr. T. Nanson (borough magis-
trate). 'Within the deal box, which was about 4ft.
in length, a coffin was packed in wood shavings ; it
was painted black, rather handsomely embellished
with white metal furnishings, and had white cotton
cord tassels attached to the handles (six in all) at
the sides and ends. There was a metal shield upon
the lid, but without an inscription ; below the shield
was a vase of flowers; above it the figure of an
angel—all in white metal. The coffin measured
43in. in length, 131 in. in breadth, and 10in. deep.
Within was found the corpse of a child, shrouded in
white calico—at least it had once been white, but
was now much discoloured by the decomposition of
the body, which was very far advanced. The limbs
and body were partially clothed in a pair of white
stockings, a shirt, and night-cap. The body had
been packed in sawdust, and measured on removal
from the coffin 35in. in length ; the legs, however,
were rather drawn up, and the head turned to one
side, for which probably 2in. more might be allowed.
Whether originally laid in the coffin in that posi-
tion of course it would be impossiole to say. The
trunk measured 16in. in length. The face was so
much disfigured (whether by violence or decay it
could not be ascertained), that it was not recognis-
able. The hair was light or flaxen, quite
abundant, and about three inches in length.
The medical ;gentlemen called in made a pest
',torten examination. On close inspection, the
remains of both a night-gown and a shift were
found adhering to the body, which had the ap-
pearance of a mummy, and was so decayed
that the medical men could come to no conclusion
as to the sex of the child. The presumption, how-
ever, was that it is the body of a female, four or
five years of age. Ten teeth were observed in the
upper jaw, six in the lower, the three front teeth
being gone ; the back teeth had begun to appear.
The general appearance led to the conclusion that
the remains were those of a well-formed and once
stout active child. It has been hinted, from the
position of the body, that it may hate been put
into the box whilst still alive; but this is mere
surmise.

The above facts having been deposed to, the in-
quiry—which has caused tho deepest sensation here
—was adjourned.

The articles contributed by Lord Macaulay to the
4, Encyclopedia Britannica" are to be republished in a
separate form with, it is said, a preface by Mr. Adam Black,
explaining the circumstances under which they were con-
tributed—circumstances honourable alike to the publisher
and the author, but of which a versa* not altogether cor-
rect has been circulated.

PRINCE AAD A'AVOi:

Never in the whole course of ancient and modern
history has a spectacle mese extraordinary p-e,
sented itself than that which is now offered by the
province of Savoy. Since the period of our Norman
Conquest the mountaineers of this Alpine region
have been under the rule of the Royal House which
is now represented by King Victor Emmanuel. To
those monarchs the Savoyards have always clung
with a desperate fidelity, which neither persecution,
tyranny, nor adversity has been able to shake. The
connexion 'of the House or Hapsburg with it here-
ditary dominions in Austria Proper is modern com-
pared with the relations which bind Savoy with its
Ducal House, and England alone, among the coun-
tries of Europe, can show a Royal line equally
ancient and equally illustrious. The Government
of Savoy and Piedmont is at profound peace with
the Government of France, the families are linked
together by matrimonial alliance, and their armies
have fought side by side in the most glorious fields
of modern military history. The Savoyards have
little to complain of; they have given a Royal
House to Piedmont ; they possess a gallant and
patriotic nobility, and a constitution which gives to
every man freedom of speech, of writing and of ac-
tion. Suddenly there arises in the midst of this
apparently contented and happy country a move-
ment for annexation to France; meetings are held,
demonstrations are made, articles are written, the
whole machinery of popular agitation is set to
work, not by the Government, for that appears
to disapprove the agitation, but either by some
caprice of the popular mind or by some influence
from without. Dark rumours are afloat of treaties
by which this first inheritance of the House of
Savoy is to be handed over to France in consi-
deration for Lombardy and Venetia, and insinua-
tions on the one part that Piedmont is wanting in
good faith in not surrendering the equivalent for
what she received, and en the other that France has
not fully performed the condition which required
Venetia as well as Lombardy in exchange for Savoy
and Nice. These rumours are on both sides offi-
cially contradicted, and, of course, so much the
more pertinaciously believed.
Meanwhile a circumstance that any one might
have reasonably expected occurs. The town of
Chambery gets up a very influential demonstration,
but, strange to say, the object of this demonstration
was not to advocate union with Imperial France,
but adherence to that noble House with whose for-
tunes the destiny of Savoy has been connected for
the last eight hundred years. Nothing can exceed
the virtuous indignation of the French press at this
occurrence. One would suppose that the good
people of Chambery had been dealing with the
affairs of •others, instead of with a matter which
one would be apt to think was most peculiarly
their own. The Paris stigmatises this meeting
in terms which a Protestant might have em-
ployed who had discovered, a week before its
perpetration, the plans for the Massacre of St.
Bartholomew. " The demonstration was no iso-
lated event, but the result of a deliberate plan
to impose on the public as to the sentiments of
Savoy and Nice." " Emissaries are scattered
over the whole country to organise similar scenes
in every part of it." The accounts furnished to
the Patric are so accurate and so precise that they
leave. no doubt on the subject. Nay, the authori-
ties appear to sanction the movement, and, in
fact, there are actually people in Savoy and Nice
who prefer to be the free citizens of a small, rather
than the over-governed subjects of a large State.
" It is time that the authorities of Turin should
learn that they cannot have two weights and
two balances, that the people of Savoy and Nice
have the same right to dispose of themselves as
the people of the Duchies. The sympathies of
Savoy for France are a century old, and the
Government which seeks to repress them ought
to desist from any such effort, and to leave them to
dispose of themselves." :We have quoted this article
which will be found at length elsewhere, because
we have read nothing like it since the time when
the first Napoleon denounced the Spaniards as
brigands for attempting to resist an invasion which
he had not troubled himself to clothe with the
faintest semblance of legality: We maintain, in
opposition to the Petrie, that the people of Cham•
berg, of Annecy, of Oneglia, and St. Remo have
just as good a right to meet and declare their wish
to remain united to Piedmont as to be allotted to
France. When the union has taken place wegrant
they will have forfeited the right of meeting and
speaking freely, but till that event they ought not to
be put down, even though they say and do things
not strictly in accordance with modern French
policy.
England must naturally disapprove the annexa-
tion of Savoy to France, whether it is believed that
France contracted with Piedmont to despoil Austria
in order to provide her with an equivalent to Savoy,
or whether we think that the movement is a spon-
taneous effort of the people. But, though she may
disapprove, England has no interest sufficiently
strong to justify her in doing more than express her
disapprobation. She can afford to look on ; but we
doubt if the Emperor of the French can so well
afford to see it done. He has a vast deal at stake.
He has men and money, ships and artillery, all that
makes a formidable power by land and sea, but he
has not attained, and at this rate never will attain,
the sincere and heartfelt confidence of Europe. He
had told us that the empire was peace, but he inter-
rupted that peace by a sanguinary war. The con-
fidence of his subjects was shaken, and he seeks to
restore it by the adoption of the most enlightened
principles of commerce. But, in the midst of these
peaceful discussions, we are startled by the harsh
tone of menace and rebuke adopted towards the
people and Government of a neighbouring State, be-
cause they show some unwillingness to sever their an-
cient allegiance in order to bestow on him two new
provinces. We were told that the Emperor
" makes war for an idea," but we are now suddenly
informed that France gives nothing for nothing,
and that in exchange for the spoils of Austria she
has stipulated for the hereditary dominions of the
House of Savoy. She may take them, for there is
no Continental Power at this moment able to op-
pose her, and England is too remotely interested
to do more than express regret. But history has
taught in vain if dear-bought experience has not
impressed on France the wisdom of remaining con-
tent within her present ample boundaries. In these
days of credit she cannot hope to play both parts,
—that of an ambitious conqueror and of a success-
ful trader. Commercial prosperity is a jealous
deity, and allows no divided worship. The Empe-
ror may, if he will, abandon with the same facility
with which he has obtained it the reputation for
noble motives and disinterested heroism, but he
must still wish to retain confidence sufficient for
his commercial adventure, and a first element of that
confidence is the convietion that his desire is rather
to improve than to extend his present magnificent
empire.—Times.

A THELLUSON WILL BEFORE 2'HIL-

LUSOY.

The Dutch papers are now discussing an extra-
ordinary will, made at Amsterdam 150 years
ago by an exceedingly wealthy Mynheer, an
Israelite, named Jacob Pereya. Out of the im-
mense wealth left by him he only allowed 20,000
guilders annually to his widow and children.
The remainder, consisting of Dutch East India
Bonds and other securities, then considered as safe
as valuable, he left in trust to the wardens of his
synagogue, who, after 150 years, were to convene,
by advertisements in the papers, all his descendants;
and after rendering them an account of their steward-
ship before the judges, were to devote 100,000 guil-
ders to the endowment of a certain charity, and
then to divide the remainder in equal proportions
between the heirs. The 150 years will expire in
February, 1861. Meanwhile, the descendants of
Pereyra ale summoned to appear before the Lords
Judges in the chamber of justice at Amsterdam, on
the 7th of June next, at 11 o'clock in the morning
precisely, there to receive a full and faithful render-
ing of the trust. The formalities of the law are of
course complied with ; but it is well known, as in the
Thelluson case, a sad disappointment awaits the
sanguine heirs. The accumulation of the immense
wealth of Pereyra will hardly be sufficient to meet
the first charge of the endowment. The greater
portion of the securities, which for more than fifty
years after his death paid 40 per cent., hayed windled
down into almost worthless paper. The bankruptcy
of the East India Company in 1775, the revolution
and French invasion in 1795, the loss of colonies
and trade, the war taxes, and the disastrous annexa-
tions to France, have done their work. The settle-
ment of the national debt at the Restoration in
1813 completed the ruin wrought by the previous
calamities. The wealth of Pereyra, instead of at-
taining in 150 years the colossal dimensions ex-
pected by the testator, have shrunk into a mere
nothing ; thus pointing once more the moral so im-
pressively taught by the Thelluson will.—Jewish
Chronicle.

BANK or ENGLAND.—The amount of dividends
duo and not demanded in the four quarters of the year 1859
wa respectively £1,129,669 (April) ; £1,026,989 (July) ;
£1,014,987 (October); and £1,027,361 (January, 1860).

CO UNI VO UA' CIRC UL

The Persereranzd of Milan publishes the text of
Count Cavour's circular addressed to the Sardinian
diplomatic agents at Foreign Courts. It bears the
date of 27th Jan., and is as follows :
" Sir,—l consider it expedient briefly to explain
to you the new condition in which Italy finds itself
placed at the present moment. when the confidence
of the King has called me to the direction of foreign
affairs.
" The great Powers of Europe, acknowledging
the necessity of putting an end to the uncertain and
provisional state of Central Italy, had consented,
two months ago, to the meeting of a Congress for
the purpose of deliberating on the best means of
founding the pacification and prosperity of Italy on
solid and durable bases.
" The Congress, which the King's Government
had not ceased to invoke as the only means calcu-
lated to arrest the dangers of the moment, had been
accepted with confidence by the populations of Cen-
tral Italy. They hoped that the wish they had ma-
nifested in so formal a manner of being annexed to
the States of the King would be taken into serious
consideration and approved of by the plenipotenti-
aries of the principal States of Europe. In this con-
viction the people of Central Italy and their Go-
vernments awaited, in calmness and order, the
judgment of the Congress, merely limiting them-
selves to increasing and disciplining their forces in
order to be ready to meet events.
" At present, in consequence of difficulties which
I have not to examine here, the Congress has 'been
adjourned to an indefinite period, and there is daily
more reason to believe that it will never meet.
"The Congress failing, all the difficulties which
were to be solved by that means reappear with a
degree of weight and urgency much greater than
before. An ardent but legitimate impatience, an
irrevocable determination to continue in the chosen
path, have, in Central Italy, succeeded to the dim-
ness and hope of expectation. Such sentiments, al-
ready sufficiently justified by the singUlar position
in which Central Italy has so long stood, have be-
come still more deep and general in consequence of
the events which have latterly occurred.
" In fact, the prorogation of the Congress was
preceded by the publication of the pamphlet entitled
'Le Pape et le Congres.' I will not stop to exa-
mine the origin and bearing of that publication. I
confine- myself to stating that public opinion in
Europe regards it as having the character and im-
portance of a great event. The publication of this
letter was soon followedby a letter from the Empe-
ror of the French to the Pope. At the same time
Europe learned* that the Anglo-French alliance,
which was shaken after the peace of Villafranca,
had become more solid and intimate ; and this fact,
proved by the happy issue et important commercial
negotiations, is still further established in a more
solemn manner by the Speech from the Throne on
the opening of Parliament, and by Lord Palmer-
ston having in reply to Mr. Disraeli declared that
the most perfect understanding prevails between
England and France with regard to the Italian
question.
" The postponement of the Congress, the publi-
cation of the pamphlet, the letter to the Pope, and
the reconciliation between France and England are
four incidents (the least of which would have Leen
sufficient to precipitate a solution) which have
rendered longer delay impossible in the settlement
of pending questions. Amply commented on by
the press of Europe, they have succeeded in con-
vincing every serious mind :—l. That the idea of a
restoration must be renounced, as the realisation of
it is no more possible at Bo!ogna and Parma than
at Florence and Modena. 2. That the sole solution
possibly consists in the legal admission of the an-
nexation already established in fact in !Emilia as
well as in Tuscany; and 3. That the Italian popu-
lations, after having long waited in vain for Europe
to put their affairs in order on the basis of the
principles of non-intervention and of respect for
the popular wishes, have the duty of proceeding to
establish their Governments themselves.
" Such is the signification given in Italy to the
facts I have just stated—and such is also, which
constitutes another circumstance of equal gravity—
the interpretation given to them by the most im-
portant organs of the French press. The most in-
fluential journals of France, England, and Germany
give expression to the same ideas, advise the same
measures, and express the same convictions. In
such a state of things the populations of Central
Italy have determined to arrive at a solution, and
to seize on the favourable moment for carrying the
annexation into complete and definite execution.
It is with this view that the Governments of the
said provinces have adopted the electoral law of
Sardinia, and are preparing to proceed to the elec.
tionof deputies.

" The king's Government has hitherto employed
all its moral influences to induce the Governments
and populations of Central Italy to wait for the
judgment of Europe. At present, owing to the un-
certainty attending the meeting of the Congress,
and in consequence of the facts af►ove-mentioned, his
Majesty's Government has no longer the power of
arresting the natural and inevitable course of events.

" Thb7despatch has no other object than to show
the actual state of things in Italy. I will duly in-
form you of the resolutions which may be taken in
consequence. Let it suffice for tho present to inform
you that the Government of the King feels all the
responsibility imposed on it in these critical mo-
ments, and that its decisions will be inspired solely
by a sense uf duty, the interests of Italy, and a
sincere desire to secure the peace of Europe.—
Accept, Jim " CAVOUR."