The Sun.
London, England, 1869-04-29 00:00:00

THE MAYNOOTIS FIGHT.

The Morning Advertiser, the organ of the " NO
Popery" party, states that there will be three divi-
sions in which Mr. Gladstone's attempt to endow
Maynooth will be resisted. Mr. Whalley and Mr.
Sinclair-Aytoun will take the initiative in the matter.
The Advertiser does not expect that they will be
successful, but hopes to show up Mr. Gladstone. The
Owl believes that Mr. Gladstone will concede to the
Opposition the point about the transfer of ecclesias-
tical residences.

(From the Anglo American Times.)ulic debt of
This article thus opens—" The
the United States amounted, on the Ist July, 1860,
to a capital of £13,400,000. On the Ist July, 1865,
A DIVISION WITILIOIIT A DIVIDEND.
: according to Mr. M'Culloeh's latest report, the
debt, including unlicpidated claims, exceeded
ale House of Commons has just enjoyed a novelty
in the shape of a division in which the numbers for £600.000,000. During bur years the Government
the Ayes were 0. Sir Robert Clifton. the worthy expenditure averaged nearly £500,000 a day." The
representative of the class whose special advocate he reviewer considers ;that the contest between the
is, insisted upon dividing the House against Sir 11.
Selwin-Ibbetson's bill and succeeded so far as to find President and Congress alone prevented political
another teller, Mr. Conolly, an Ulster M.P., very parties from being formed anew on financial
strong upon the Irish Church, and, it would seem, grounds on the submission of the Confederate
equally strong upon public-houses. But the two States. Of the men who directed the financial
tellers went to their posts to no purpose. They policy of the Johnson Administration he does not
waited and waited, but not a single member gave in think highly, end. though the President interfered
his name, not even Mr. Martin, the member for
little, that little neither increased his reputation Rochester, and the two hon. gentlemen had to
undergo no slight amount of chaff when the Sneaker as a financier nor as a statesman. On Mr.M'Culloch
announced " Ayes none, Noes 232." and his subordinates fell the labour and re-
QUESTIONS AND NOTICES. ' sponsibility. That gentleman gained his financial
An improvement has been made in the arrange- experience in Indiana, when that State was a part
ment of the parliamentary notices. Hitherto notices of " the West," and so skilfully conducted the State
of questions have been huddled up with notices of Bank that it maintained specie payments in 1857
motions. They are henceforth to be kept distinct
to the great convenience of members and of all when all its rivals had suspended. On Mr. Chase,
persons who take in the parliamentary papers. Some the Secretary, in 1861 converting the bank-note
very important questions will be asked to-night. circulation into a national currency, he selected
Lord-John Manners will inquire if the Chief Seem- M. ru oc APC II h for Comptroller of the Currency.
tary for Ireland intends to propose ~ any measure for In 1864 Mr.lChase was succeeded by SenatorFessen-
the better security of life in Tipperary and West-
meath. Viscount Enfield will ask if Mr. Bruce's den, who, after nine months, returned to the Senate
attention has been drawn to the decision of the in preference, and M‘Culloch was promoted to be
Middlesex magistrates with regard to the Haymarket Secretary of the Treasury. The Reviewer describes
night-houses. Mr. White will ask if church rates Mr. M'Culloch as good in his judgment and advice,
cannot be levied and enforced under the local acts;
and, if so, whether Government is prepared to relieve unquestioned in integrity, patient, hopeful, courage-
parishes from such compulsion. ous ; hut he lia,i no weigh t, no in fiuence,easy in temper,
Some of the notices of motion also are important. and inclined toyield; therefore, however forcible and
Mr. Lefevre (who is a member of the Government) just his remarks, no one attended, Congress seized
will ask for a return of the names and the capital of
all life insurance companies registered since 1844, his functions, and left him to c irry out its policy
and the particulars of any amalgamation or with which he had only a moderate sympathy.
winding up that has taken place. Mr. Headlam will Mr. Rollins was neutralized 'by political jealousies,
ask for full particulars about the Riuderpest. and Mr. Wells' dutiOs were consultative only. Con-
Colonel Lindsay will ask what the Government gress distrusting the-Executive assumed some of its
intend to do in consequence of Sir Hope Grant's functionsbeen
statement, that " the volunteer force cannot be really , but unfortunately the members had
serviceable if it is not placed while under arms under taught to regard with contempt mere administration
some more stringent military control." Mr. Railecs compared with the moral questions on which they
will call attention to the position of parliamentary were returned. " The leaders of Congress, brought
agents at elections, Sir George Jenkinson to
turnpikes ; and Mr. Norwood means to move on •,they. of committees
up as had been to study moral abstrac-
tions alone, carried, as heads .
going into committee on the Imprisonment for Debt
Bill, that
_it is not expedient to abolish such imprison-
ment without extending the power of . the judge for and framers of bills, the wildest financial theories
into practical effect. They undertook, with the aid
committal in order to secure the payment of small of their boldest and ablest member, the late Thad-
debts. In other words, Mr. Norwood wants to give dens
of Cong
Stevens,of Pennsylvania,
economy by Act lvania,
the tallyman still greater hold over the unfortunate the
ress, and y
Cornish miners who suffer from extravagant wives political to make laws of
than he now possesses. succeeded so far as to throw the economical fabric
-
• of society into an unnatural and unsound condition,
likely to laSt many years, and to cost the, nation
either a more or less violent shock if corrected, or
a still severer blow to its credit and honour if al-
lowed to become chronic."
The Reviewer then goes
on to discuss "rings" and their influence, asserting
that " no bill that has money in it is said to have a
chance of becoming law without paying tax to some
one in its passage. On the surrender of the South-
grerneeat,rnhiihets
tthhee embatasesmk embarrassment
notfetnheeeli'lr 707070, was
people o
of Seven-Thirty nwes, and from that time there has
always been a surplus instead of a deficiency. The•
financial difficulties belong
to the two gasses ;
those which relate to the management of the debt,
including the depreciated Legal- fender currency,
and those which relate to revenue: Mr. M'Culloch
turned his attention first to the Curt ency, but Con-
gress declined to give him supreme power in deal-
ing with it; limiting him to withdraw £2,000,09
of greenbacks in six ' months, and afterWarle
£Boo,ooo' 'per month. After reducing the amount
from £80,000,000 to £73,000,000.hard times came ;
a cry was raised.-against contraction, and Mr.
M•Culloch yielded;
.and stopped redemption. On
the meeting of Congress, in spite of the Secretary's
protest, a: Bill was passed withdraWing the power
of contraction. The Reviewer defends Mr. APC ul-
loch's policy in accumulating a large gold reserve
in the Treastiry tceencoueage.tegular trade and to
discourage speculators, and he managed to liquidate
£260,000,000 of teniporary..obligations within three
years after the war,.._.morethan £125,000,000 being'
actually paid out of surplus revenue;- hnt.he 'is of
-opinion_that alLEngland considers him to.be in erre'.
in .devotinveo large .a sum to the discharge Of:a
. . . . ...... ._._
-debt -iihlie industry was suffering under such de -
structive-iaxation. An excellent summary of the
attacks qn the national credit is then given ; the
proceedings of. Congress ; of the politicians to make
political capita] ; the real feeling of the nation ;
and what the repudiators got for their pains. All
which-is:familiar to our readers, and we are glad to
see how allmirably correct the " Review" is. The
Reviewer proceeds to discuss the way in which the
' Government raised the necessary revenue. There
was no want of money, for the country was very
wealthy, the Northern States being untouched by
the war; but how to collect it proved the problem.
The excessive taxes imposed were destructive
to healthy industry and violated every economic
law. - After enumerating these imposts,
" Perhaps - the most mischievous tax of all, lalle, which
eat. into the heart of society like a cancer, was that
which resulted from the additional profit charged
by every tradesman or manufacturer, as a compen-
sation, for the risks to which hie was subjected by
the daily fluctuations of the Currency." To this
system and to this vitiated currency the Reviewer
attributes the corruption which has undoubtedly
been developed. %Productive pursuits ceased to

STREET TRAMWAYS..

Unless the House of Lords interposes its arm,
London will soon be supplied with tramways. The
select committee of the 'louse of Commons has
agreed to the details of three schemes, and
the substitute for the crazy, lumbering
omnibus will, it is to be hoped, soon have a
trial. If successful, the " trams" will ere long bo
laid down throughout London, Will spread .to the
towns of the provinces, and create a revolution in
locomotion second in importance only to that caused
by the introduction of .steam. The experiment will
be watched with the greatest interest.

• Laabur44 LoYiew:" April, 16C4'.