The Sun.
London, England, 1860-04-11 00:00:00

HUNGABY.

A " Hungarian," in a letter to a contemporary,
says :—The struggle which the Protestants of Hun-
gary have maintained and still maintain against
sheer obstinacy from high quarters, encouraged and
supported by their countrymen of the Catholic
faith, inasmuch as they have raised a powerful
voice to claim the restoration of deprived rights,
has given a new and undeniable proof that Hun-
gary has laid aside prejudices, and is more ad-
vanced than is perhaps supposed abroad.
The existing Government acknowledges it itself,
(it is true not publicly), that Hungary is the most
mature portion of the Monarchy, for here it has
been able to carry out the emancipation of the
Jews without danger to the descendants of Moses,
while, for instance, in Tyrol, even now—to the
shame oftur century be it said—Protestants are
not allowed to possess landed property.
It is difficult, nay, almost impossible, for all
those who are fortunate enough to live beyond
these frontiers to understand the skill which the
Government knows how to employ to prevent the
voice of even the most just claims being heard.
Thus did the Government succeed in making
foreign countries believe that the Catholic clergy
perfectly agreed with the Concordat. It is true
that hitherto the Catholic clergy of Hungary has
remained silent, and only awaits a favourable op-
portunity to raise its powerful voice. The auto-
nomy of the Hungarian Church is unimpeachable.

Can it be supposed that a Church which dates
from the times of St. Stephen, the first King of
Hungary, which received all its rights and privi-
leges from Kings and Popes, should relinquish them
all, because an Emperor who is not apostolic (as he
can only be so as King of Hungary) has taken into
his head to conclude a Concordat ?
The Convention concluded between Francis
Joseph and the Pope is his misfortune—it is his
weakness. Like Pius IX., he stands isolated.

The witticism in Vienna—" What is the difference
between the former Jewish dominion and the
Austrian dominion 1.) " with the answer "Then on;
man died for all, now all men die for one "—would
not be bad, if unhappily it were not too true. _

The seed of discord planted centuries ago and
fostered in the different nationalities has been re-
moved from Hungary. All the other races which
form, as it were by a miracle, the Austrian
Monarchy, know it only too well, that Hungary is
by no means narrow-minded nor selfish in her
wishes; what Hungary claims back she would
readily see extended to the other parts of the
Monarchy.
It seems as if Providence had elected Hungary to
play the part of champion for the welfare of forty
millions of fellow-men. _

We shall endeavour to carry it out, and, with
God's help, succeed if the support of our brothers
of other races does not fail.

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When it was first known to the Emperor Napo-
leon that General Lamoriciere had listened to the
overtures from Rome to organise the Pontifical
army, his Majesty is said to have exclaimed, " C'est
.fote mais c'est cherafresque !"—whether in pity for
the fully, or sympathy for the chivalry, they who
know how it is his Majesty's glory to make war
for an idea, and for an idea only, will decide.
When the rumours of those negotiations first got
abroad a few of the papers declared that Lamori-
ciere would, by accepting service under a foreign
Government, forfeit his rights and conditions as a
Frenchman ; and they hinted that it was little
short of treason. It was, then, of course, supposed
that the Emperor would refuse his sanction ; since
the contrary is known this dutiful portion of the
press has been silent. The objections on the loss
of citizenship could easily be answered. The Em-
peror of the French once entered the service of a
foreign State—Switzerland—the loss of whose
neutrality is, it seems, to be the retribution for her
acceptance. In the military schools of Louisbourg
(Wurtemberg) his Imperial Highness Prince Na-
poleon first acquired the knowledge and showed
those talents for military command rhich were
afterwards signally displayed in the Crimea and in
the memorable operations at the head of the sth
corps during the Italian campaign. These are un-
deniable facts, yet I do not believe that either the
Emperor or his cousin forfeited the character of
Frenchmen.
A little knowledge of the previous career of Gene-
ral Lamoriciere, of his position and his character,
will explain whatever may bethought strange in the
resolution which he has adopted with reference to
the Pope. Lamoriciere is a native of Nantes ; he
belongs to an old Legitimist familywho were strongly
prepossessed in favour of the elder branch of the
Bourbons, and who fought for the cause during the
wars of La Vendee. He was born in 1806, was a
pupil at the Polytechnic school in 1824 ; he two
years after entered the Ecole d'Application at Metz,
and got his commission as Second Lieutenant of
Engineers in the beginning of 1830. In the same
year he accompanied the expedition to Algiers
under Marshal Bourmont, who took the city on the
sth of July, only three weeks before the Revolution
which overthrew the throne of Charles X. Bour-
mont had hardly received his Marshal's staff for his
successful conduct of the expedition when he learnt
the fall of his master, and his own dismissal from
the post of Commander-in-Chief of the Army of
Africa. To Lamoriciere's honour be it said, that
though he was but then commencing his career as
a soldier, he did not hesitate to testify his respect to
his fallen General, regardless of the consequences
to himself ; he was, I believe, the only man who
attended him to the ship that bore him to exile.
When the Duke of Orleans was proclaimed King
by a majority of the Chambers of Deputies many
officers of the army sent in their resignations, and
retired from the service. It was expected that
Lamoriciere would do the same. His love for his
profession, however, overcame his dynastic partiali-
ties, if he really had any, and he incurred the deep
displeasure of his family by continuing to serve
under a Prince whom they looked upon as a usurper.
It was only after the lapse of 10 years, and when
Lamoriciere had already started into fame, that his
relations in the west of France would renew their
intercourse with him.

Africa was the nursery of soldiers, and among
the chiefs whom the campaigns had rendered illus-
trious few had a better title than Lamoriciere. His
talent for organisation was remarkable. Soon after
the taking of Algiers was created the corps of
Zouaves, now so well known to Europe, and La-
moriciere was named Captain in that body, to whose
formation ho principally contributed. In 1833 he
was appointed Director of the first Bureau Arabe,
soon after promoted to eliefde battalion, Lieutenant
Colonel in 1835, and on the taking of Constantine
in 1837 got his commission as Colonel for the
intelligence and great gallantry he displayed on
that occasion. He laid with his own hands the
powder bags to the gates of Constantine, and, the
explosion having taken place too soon,was " hoisted
with his own petard, and severely wounded. In
1839 he was recalled to Paris. He returned to
Africa the following year, and again distinguished
himself at Mongaia ; indeed he appears never to
have been present in the field without distinguish-
ing himself. In the same year he was promoted
to Major-General, in 1843 to General of Division,
in 1844 he was made Commander of the Legion of
Honour, and in 1845 Governor of Algeria par in-
**rim. General Lamoriciere shared, during his stay
in Africa, in not less than 18 campaigns ; not one
of his promotions and honours but was the reward
of some expedition planned by him, or some bril-
liant exploit successfully achieved. He closed his
military career in Africa by a double success. It
was he who organised the expedition which ended
in the capture by the Duke d'Aumale of Abd-el-
lader, who was so hemmed in by Lamoriciere as to
have no resource but surrender.

It is not certain what were the political princi-
ples or preferences of Lamoriciere—probable he did
not know them himself. He acted, however, with
the Liberty party, and, towards the close of Louis
Philippe's reign, took his seat in the Chamber of
r g Ye
l was
voted th
with the Left
Deputies with the Dynastic Opposition ; and was
designated as Minister of War in the Thiers, Mole,
or Barrot combinations essayed by the King in his
last struggle.
In the sanguinary conflict of June, 1848, which
deluged the streets of Paris with blood, he offered
his services to his old comrade Cavaignac, then head
of the Government.
the
the
moderate
suppressionDuringod er a t e sthosesection
t ifoo
that terrible
oaft th e R threehideous
e.
days he seemed to multiply himself; he was first
wherever the danger was greatest, and to his won-
insurrection mainly owing. He remained faithful
to the policy and the fortunes of Cavaignac ; he at-
e only on the
questionptdaue crbhfliuecdl
ae
of hnnsi em
s,
and f
the two Chambers. He addressed the
Assembly
frequently, always
with a tact and skill
in debate which resembled • ti
las met, and not rarely
with an eloquence which t •
as onished even practised
orators: He stood in the tribune as a consummate
rider masters a fiery charger.
After the election of Prince Louis Napoleon to the
Presidency Lamoriciere
gave no systematic opposi-
tion to the Government, though he disapproved the
policy adopted on Italian affairs, and he continued
the consistent supporter of the Republican Consti-
tution. At the period of the Russian interven-
tion in Hungary in 18t9 he accepted a mission from
the President to the Court of St. Petersburg, where
he arrived after the submission of Hungary, and was
received by the Emperor Nicholas with the greatest
distinction. On learning the fate of the Odilon
Barrot Ministry he resigned his post of Ambassador,
and returned to Paris. He resumed his place in the
Chambers, and etv ot e d all his influence to combat
the policy and baffle the plans of the Elysee. In
July, 1851, he recorded his vote against the revision
of the Constitution, and in November foll • owing for
the bill which was to place the military force under
the control of the Assembly in case of any attempt
against the Constitution. In the coup d'etat of the
2d December he was comprised among the eminent
men, civilians as well as military, who were caught
by order oithe new Minister of the Interior, M, de
Morny, who was then exercising the sublime voca-
tion of saving his country. Lamoriciere had the
bad taste to attempt to resist the commands of that
patriot; and his servant, who aided him in this re-
volt against M. do Morny's agents, was wounded.
Lamoriciere was overpowered by numbers, and con-
veyed to the prison
• of Maras. He was quickly
transferred to the classic retreat of Ham, and thence
conducted by the police to the frontier. Being still
borne on the list of general officers in active service,
he was summoned to take the oaths of allegiance to
the new Emperor; he refused in strong terms, in a
letter which appeared in the foreign journals. From

td -till 1857 he chiefirresid,
,er the Emperor sPentaneon
_urn to France, oe,tb,
,Sudde
children.. • .. . •
1 bitterest pang that a man 1.
4 was on the occasion of war
again, , Russia in 1851. He was p;
tached to his profession, he was in the vigour of li
' and intellect, several of his old companions in arms
were goingforth to win new distinctions in a war on
a grand scale, of which the duration was uncertain,
and he, the bravest among brave men, was left to
pine in an obscure retreat, all the " pride, pomp,
and circumstances of glorions war" passing before
his eyes, and he not sharing in it. It was to him a
season of great anguish. It was at this moment
that 11:.s thoughts took a devotional turn, and in the
practice of religion he sought consolation for the
disappointment of his hopes and his noble ambi-
tion. A friend of his, a man eminent as a littera-
teur and a politician, and who was at one time a
member of a Cabinet under Louis Philippe, calling
upon Lamorieiere one day, found him deeply en-
gaged over some military maps and plans of the
Crimea, but he also observed, to his surprise,
books of religion lying open by their side on the
same table. He rallied the General on the serious
turn which he evinced, and doubted his sincerity.
Lamoriciere assured his friend that he was never
more sincere, and that religion was the great corn-
fort of his life.
The thought of asking Lamoriciere's assistance in
the organisation of his army was not, I believe,
suggested by any one to the Tope : it was entirely
his own. Monsignor Merode, who' was employed
in the negotiation; served far same iime ,the
_Bela
gian army, and-inlbetetittetitintilirrieit-wililAtle
French, where he was decorated with the Legion of
Honour. He visited Rome subsequently, became
an ecclesiastic, and was appointed Chamberlain by
His Holiness. General; Lamoriciere is coOneeted by
marriage with the Wide family, and iro better
negotiator could have been selected.
As the Emperor of the French, who,, perhaps,
hopes that Lamoriciere,may act as a check on the
Piedmontese as well as on the subjects of the Pope,
has given permission, we may consider the General
as Commander-in-Chief of the Pontifical army. We
hear that his report is rather favourable than other-
wise; that he found good material among the men;
and that the officers are possessed of a fair amount
of theoretical knowledge on military subjects, but
of course deficient in practice. Time will show
whether he will perform the same miracle with the
Roman that Marshal Beresford did with the Por-
tuguese levies. In the meantime large sums of
money have already been collected in Paris, and in
the departments, among the old Catholic families,
forthe service of the Pope ; and several members
of the aristocracy are going to serve as volunteers
in his troops. Among these the Duke de Laroche-
foucauld Doudeaville gives up £lO,OOO a-year, the
half of his income, to maintain a guard of honour ;
and his son, Count Sosthenes, Duke de Bisania,
takes service.in the Pontifical ranks:

ME VOTING IN SAVOY.

The following appears in yesterday's Atoniteur :
We have received from Chambery the following
document.

The Governor of the province of Chambery has-

tens to inform the inhabitants of the province that
it has been agreed between the Sardinian Govern-
ment and the French Government that the expres-
sion of the wishes of the country should take place
by means of universal suffrage, and that for that
purpose the following arrangements have been con-
certed between them :

Art. 1. The Savoyards inhabiting the province of
Chambery are called to vote on the following ques-
tion :

Does Savoy wish to be re-united to France ?
Art. 2. The vote shall be given by " yes " or by
" no," by ballot, by means of a manuscript or printed
ticket. Every ticket which does not contain a direct
answer to the question put, or which contains any
reprehensible expression, shall be considered null.
Art. 3. The ballot shall be open in every com-
mune on Sunday, April 22, 1860, from eight o'clock
in the morning to seven in the evening.
Art. 4. There shall be admitted to vote all citi-
zens, of 21 years and upwards, born in Savoy, or
out of Savoy of Savoyard parents, who have resided
in the commune for six months at least, and who
have not been convicted of a criminal offence.
Art. 5. There shall be formed in each commune
a committee presided over by the Syndic, and in
case of absence or impediment, by the oldest avail-
able assessor of the municipal junta, and composed,
moreover, of four members taken from the junta,
or, at need, from the municipal council, in order of
seniority, according to Art. 193 of the law of the
23d of last October. This committee shall be as-
sisted by a secretary of its own choice.
Art. 6. It shall draw up the lists and have them
posted up on Sunday, the 15th inst., at latest. It
shall decide provisionally on such claims as may be
made. It shall preside at the voting, and shall Ye•
cord the result in an official report signed by all the
members.

Art. 7. In the communes in which the committee
may deem it necessary to form several sections in
consequence of the number of citizens inscribed on
the lists, there shall be established, by means of the
governor's previous authorisation, for each section
a special office, composed of five members taken from
the communal
65ofetohuencaibl,ovien-mthenetmioannendelraw
of the
indicated2i3nd
the foregoing sth article. There apply moreover
to this vote the measures of public order contained
in articles 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, and 56, as well asthose
of Article
of last October.

Art. 8. The result of the voting having been as-
certained the official reports shall be immediately
transmitted to the intendants of the districts, who
shall forward them, through the governor, to the
secretary's department of the Court of Appeal. Art. 9. The full court shall proceed to ascertain
the general result of the voting, and shall formally
state the same at a public sitting. _

The Governor-Regent, DITASQUIER.
Chambery, April 7.

MILITARY RIOT AT GREENWICH.

Last evening, at half-past 8 o'clock, a serious
Militia,
iia
rallioi
titlinadarei,yes s
e,r
smdvibsei
etlriulat
aorinbrogayfinnTwegerhatotioo on
in
the kcwoeprieasoc,yieananitioanAxcrti
chtiiateltyl
eeTdrory,fa,
gross
lartalogobsya Trafalgar-
road,
Dublin
road, Greenwich. It appears that a numerous party
insulted various persons in the streets. A row
ultimately took place, and an artilleryman was
captured by police constables. The soldiers, who
numbered about 100 men, then raised a cry to rescuo
the prisoner, and violently attacked the constables,
damagethe
who took refuge at the house of Mr. Abrahams, a
furniture dealer, whose premises were immediately
and as soon
filled with the military, armed with staves from a
closed, and a
;station-house
garden fence, which was pulled down occa-
sion.foorntthheespotßeing unable to rescue the prisoner, who
was conveyed by the constables through the house,
smashingil'
soldierst
o tbhreo broke
propertyt h e w i windows, ozi sr ~ and
Abrahams,com committed i t
at
anded oitrhe ee r
tshop-windowswi sub-
sequentlyoenres most
oTsth
separadedafveawgaenipydo
al
i:etthethe;reokTwe Trafalgar-road, an, fg
anda l
constablesgs
taor
n-treh os
then
ndi
policeman44ll
received a severe wound on the forehead. The
for assistance. Mr. Inspector Golding,
stlemodetinhn,esthspheaolrpoksc-arwloietwrye
'with the
whole of the reserve men on duty, promptly arrived,
maustemps
sooessnts
gi abellrae r m
and matters then assumed a serious aspect. The
soldiers, each armed with some weapon, had taken
up a military position completely across the
ryas the ptsrreeanvdtaei
road, and used the most violent threats to the police,
who then mustered about 20 men, and who were
aided by Sergeant Mann, of the City of Dublin
Artillery Militia, two non-commissioned officers of
the Royal Artillery, and a large number of resi-
dents, who were warned to aid and assist. The two
parties faced each other for about five minutes,
when in .obedience to orders the police advanced
upon the soldiers with their truncheons out at a
run, and the latter, unable or unwilling to stand the
sudden charge, took to their heels, and were pur-
sued by the police for some distance on the road to
Woolwich. A strong body of police were after-
wards on duty at the scene of the disturbance.

ALARM OF FIRE AT THE PAVILION THEATRE.--
Some consternation was.criated last night among the audi-
ence at the Pavilion Theatre,
.by a cry of fire, caused by one
of the draperies slightly *clung. It was soon extinguished
and the performance proceeded. No injury was caused to
any ono in the confusion.

=c;tml

FT-lAEA TR E ROYAL, DRURY LANE.-
Vhe Public and Subscribers are respectfully informed
that the Management have entered into arrangements for the
ixoduction of ENGLISH OPERA with moat eminent Ar-
tistes.
In consequence of the great success of MARITANA, and
by desire, it will be repeated THIS EVENING, the 11th.
Halevy's admired opera, THE QUEEN'S MUSKETEERS,
is in active preparation.
The Band and Chorus will be numerous and efficient. Mu-
sical Director and Conductor, Dr. JAMES PECH.
Reduced Prices—Stslle, 4s ; dress circle, 3s ; first circle,
2s 6d ; pit, 2s ; upper boxes, is 6d ; gallery, is.; upper gallery,
6d ; private boxes from lOs 6d upwards. The Box-office,
under the direction of Mr. Nugent, open daily.