The Sun.
London, England, 1860-02-15 00:00:00

St. GEORGE'S-IN-THE-EAST.

Yesterday Martin Mitcheson, foreman in the
employ of Messrs. Kirkaldy and Co., snip-painters
and plumbers, in High-street, Wapping, surren-
dered with his bail before Mr. Yardley, at the
Thames Police-court, to answer two summonses
taken out by Mr. King, a solicitor, for taking part
in the riot in the parish church of St. George's-in-
the-East, on the evening of Sunday the sth inst.
The first summons charged the defendant that
he did wilfully and of purpose, molest, disturb, and
disquiet the Rev. Mr. Dove and the Rev. Mr.
Stuart, the persons saying Divine Service in the
parish church of St. George's-in-the-East. The se-
cond summons charged the defendant that he did
wilfully and of pikrpose by open and overt words,
act, and deed, maliciously and contemptuously mo-
lest and disturb the Rev. George Lee, the preacher
duly authorised to preach in the parish church of
St. George's-in-the-East.
The proceedings were instituted under an old act
of Parliament passed in the first year of the reign
of Queen Mary, cap. 3, and entitled " An act
against offending of Preachers and other Ministers
in the Church."

Mr. Won tner, solicitor, again conducted the pro-
secution on behalf of the Rev. Bryan King, the
rector of St. George, and the curates; Mr. Cranch,
solicitor, of London-street, Fenchurch-street, ap-
peared for the defendant.
On the first hearing of the case evidence was
given by three men, named Cain, Wood, and Ver-
non, that they were in the most elevated seat of the
north gallery, and saw the defendant in the second
pew of the same gallery below them ; that while
the lessons, prayers, and psalms were :being read,
intoned and sung, the defendant was frequently
stamping his feet, knocking the side of the pew he
was in, and making other noises, and that while
the Rev. Mr. Lee was preaching the sermon he
shouted loudly and called out " No Popery, down
with the Pope." Other evidence was given by
Mr. Ffinch, a solicitor, of the fearful nature of the
disturbance on the night of the sth inst.
On the case being called on, Mr. Cranch said
that, considering the terms of the act of Ist of May,
under which his client was summoned, he thought
the magistrate would not convict, unless it could be
conclusively shown that Mr. Mitcheson was the
man who was guilty of the offences charged in the
summonses. ile was instructed the defendant was
not the person, and he thought he should be able
to prove that neither on the night of the sth, nor
on any other occasion, had he misconducted him-
self in the Church, or caused any disturbance what-
over.

Cain, Wood, and Verron, who were the witnesses
for the prosecution, were then recalled, but only
`Mood and Cain answered.

Each of them Was subjected to a long examina-
tion.

Amelia Hopkinson, a very intelligent girl, about
18 years of age, said—My father is a tallowchandler
in Cannon-street-road, St. George. lam in the
habit of going to St. George's Church. I was, on
the evening of Sunday week, in the south gallery,
right opposite to Mr. Mitcheson. I saw a man on
the right-hand side of him making a noise, with one
arm resting on the top of the gallery and the other
waving about. He called out, " What have you
done with your large cross ; take your altar down;"
and "No Popery." I am sure it was not Mr.
Mitchesen. I should know the man if I were to
see him again.
Cross-examined by Mr. Won tner—l go regularly
to the church ; it is my parish church. I don't
approve of the services, and my father don't ap-
prove of them. (Applause.) NO true Protestant
can approve of the services and ceremonials in St.
George's Church. I am a true Protestant. (Laugh-
ter from the Puseyites, and cries of "Hear, hear,"
from the opposite party.)
Mr. Wontner—Why do you go to St. George's
Church to hear services and witness ceremonials o
which you cannot approve.
Witness (sharply)—Listen, Mr. Solicitor, and I
will :explain. (Hear, hear.) I went along with
Mr. Alford to the church to see that no true Pro-
testant was persecuted when there was no occasion
for it. It was every true Protestant's duty to do
that. (Hear, hear, and applause.) I know that
Mr. Mitcheson took no part in the disturbance
whatever.

Cain was recalled, and said he did not speak to
the churchwarden or point out the defendant to
him.

Mr. Thompson, the senior churchwarden, said
the defendant was certainly pointed out to him as
one who had been making a noise and shouting be-
fore the service terminated. He spoke to the de•
fendant and asked for his name and address which
he readily gave him. He had not the least doubt
the defendant was the man who was pointed out to
him. He believed it was a friend of Mr. King, the
solicitor, informed him that the defendant had mis-
conducted himsel f.

Mr. George Williams, brass finisher, of Cannon-
street, St. George's, said,—l was in this court last
Saturday, and heard the evidence of the three wit-
nesses for the prosecution, and heard them describe
where they were seated and where the defendant
was seated. People standing in the situation they
described could not see the feet of people in the pew
below.
Mr. Joseph C. Clayton, public-house appraiser, of
Alb4ny-house, Portland-street, Stepney, said,—l
was in St. George's Church on Sunday week in the
evening. I heard a disturbance in the north gal-
lery. A man was making a great deal of noise and
shouting and gesticulating. The Rev. Mr. Lee's
attention was called to him more particularly.
Cross-examined—The man continued making a
disturbance all the time the service was going on.
The Rev. Mr. Lee's attention was directed to him
very particularly indeed. I can't say who else
made a disturbance. The defendant was not the
man who was making a disturbance in the north
gallery, and to whom the clergyman's attention was
directed.

Mr. Yardley, at the conclusion of the evidence,
observed to Mr. Cranch that there was a great con-
flict of evidence which was not reconcileable.
Mr. Cranch—The defendant will undertake not
to go there again.
Mr. Yardley said, had there been evidence to
satisfy him, he would have put the Act in force ;
but he was not satisfied that the case was proved
by the witnesses, who, he believed, might have
been mistaken. The evidence of the young woman
who stated that she was a sincere Protestant
was strongly in favour of the defendant, that he
was not the person who caused the disturbance, and
it was not at the afterpart that she came forward.
When she saw Mr. Thompson speaking to the de-
fendant, it occurred to her that he (Mr. Thompson)
thought the defendant was the man who caused the
disturbance. That was a strong confirmation that
she was right, and tended to throw a much greater
doubt upon the identity. It was not at all impro-
bable that the witnesses for the prosecution were
mistaken, and that amid the confusion they thought
the defendant was the man. The three young men
were not altogether clear in their evidence as to
the relative positions. There was one particular
fact, however, worthy of notice, and that was that
the young woman saw the defendant take off his
coat, which was not noticed by Cain, and which
circumstance had great influence on his mind to
show that the defendant was not the man. Nor did
he observe what dress the defendant had on.
that
thought it most favourable to the defendant tha
Cain did not see him take off his coat. Another fact
to
was that she said she saw him put his handh
his mouth. The defendant knew best_
was innocent or guilty. He hoped that h
we
weal% huie:rnhoe.
cent. He wished it to be known that,if a case were
clearly proved, he
brought before him which
would punish that person suwmamaaril under the Act
had statedY on a former
of Parliament of Mary, as be
occasion. He hoped that, in. discharging the pri-.
Boner, this would not be considered the triumph of
a party. He discharged the defendant because
he was not satisfied with the evidence for the pro-
secution.
The deoision was received with a murmur of ap-
plause, which was immediately suppressed by the
ofacers of the court. Many of the principal inhabi-
tant of St. George's gave utterance to feelings of
exultation on reaching the street, and a few were
heard to s.ly Bryan King and his subordinate clergy
and choristers should have no quiet in St. George's
Church until they gave up the Tractarian services
and ceremonials,

~...jizt7zll-41g*i,,
:}2:.4, .<
.q.,,t,,i ~..: \ve.-.774
TUE SAN JUAN DIFFICUL .1.17-$44,P::.';,t..1','"1
•- - • 1,---.
---'olle, ""' - kfroi
The New York Herald of the Ist inst, p talikee.-,„,,1 ~,,. l' 1
a summary of the report of the United State 44:4;;;','")/
p.
cretary of War relative to the dispute bete r,
Englaud:concerningand America the island of St
4--k S,
Juan. The report, which will be corn amoicated by
the President to the Senate, embraces a large mass
of correspondence. After entering fully into the
matter in dispute, and the settlement effected be-
tween General Scott and Governor Douglas, the •
document concludes:—
" The Bth of December found General Scott em-
barked on his return, having accomplished theob-
ject of his visit. Finding the British Governor en-
tertained no hostile purpose, he had reduced the
American force at San Juen to -re comp: -.- of in-
fantry, retained solely for the protection of settlers,
with the understanding that, in the same spirit, the
larger of the British ships should be withdrawn.
Accompanying the General's despatch of that date
ii. 4 the correspondence which lid to this adjustment.
From it we find that General Sszott proposed that,
until the settlement of the question by the two Go-
vernments, the island should be occupied by two
companies of foot troops, one of each nation, and
that all disturbances should be dealt with by the
authorities of the Government to which the offend-
ing party might belong. Governor Douglas replied
that, having no instructions from his Government,
and being unaquainted with its views, he could not
undertake to embarrass its measures by agreeing
to these terms, but suggested that all the
troops should be withdrawn, and things restored
to their former status by a joint civil occupation.
But to this General Scott objected, in turn, on
the ground that the civil magistrates on our part
would be beyond the control of the executive.
Finally, however, Genoral Scott directed the num-
ber
of our troops to be reduced,. and the attitude of
neutrality to be observed, as at first proposed by
him to Governor Douglas, who, on being advised of
these orders, issued corresponding instructions to
the British officers. What could not have been ac-
complished by diplomacy was thus of by
mutual action. Before taking his departure General
Scott, believing that one of the first demands of the
British Government would be General Harney's
removal from the command of the military depart-
ment of Oregon, suggested to that officer' the pro-
priety of relieving the President from any possible
embarrassment, by voluntarily withdrawing from
that command. He accordingly authorised General
Harney to proceed to St. Louis and assume the
command of the Department of the West, giving
hint, at the same time, leave to decline the order if
he saw fit. General Harney saw fit. He declined
complying with such an order, saying, 'I do not
believe the President of the United States will be
embarrassed by any action of the British Govern-
ment in reference to San Juan Island ' • nor can I
suppose the President would be pleased to see me
relinquish the command in any manner that does
not plainly indicate his intentions towards the pub-
lic service.' Thus stands the affair. General
Harney still remains in charge of the Department
of the Pacific."

THE IPEA:I7-i_Elt THE PARKS.

ROUS ACCIDENTS AND LOSS OF

LIFE.
Yesterday the various parks were visited by im-
mense numbers of skaters and sliders. We regret
to say that a large number of accidents took place,
resulting in the loss of one life.
From an early hour of the morning the Humane
Society's men, owing to the extremely dangerous
condition of the ice upon the Serpentine, used every
precaution, but, notwithstanding, before 12 o'clock
there were upwards of 2,000 persons upon the ice.
About half-past 2 o'clock Mr. Doyley, chief officer
of the ship Clifton, lying in the East India 1)oek,
was skating near the bridge, on the north side,
when the ice gave way, and he was immersed in 10
feet of water. He was rescued by iceman Collard,
and taken to the receiving-house. Shortly after
th:s a gentleman named Hall, of 84, Florence-road,
New-cross, fell through, and narrowly escaped being
drowned. About 3 o'clock three men, named J.
Cousins, J. Rigby, and T. Arrowsrnith, fell thraugh
the ice near the south side. Deputy-Superintendent
Murphy and several of the icemen went to th•
rescue. At the same moment a gentleman, whose
name was afterwards ascertained to he George
Gard. of 24. Draycott. glace, Chelsea, was walking
upon the ice with a friend named William Wood,
and when about 100 yards from the shore Mr. Gard
exclaimed, " The ice is giving," which was the fact,
for in a few moments afterwards the unfortunate
man sank, Mr. Wood having just time to escape.
Weeden, one of the icemen, was soon on the spot,
and threw in a hand line, but it failed to reach tho
drowning man, who got under the ice and sank in
about 11 feet of water. It was more than half an
hour before the poor man was taken from the water,
life beinc, then quite extinct. Every means were
attempted to restore animation by the medical offi-
cers at the receiving-house, but without avail. Tho
body of the unfortunate deceased was afterwards
removed to Mount-street dead-house, to await the
coroner's inquest. Near the north bank two gen-
tlemen, whose names have not been ascertained,
broke through the ice, and were rescued be De-
puty-Superintendent Murphy and iceman Knight,
and conveyed to the receiving-house. A number of
other accidents took place, but were not of so serious
a nature as those mentioned. The ice presented a
very dangerous appearance last evening, being
broken in many places, and was by no means safe.
The Round-pond was visited by about 3,000
skaters and sliders, and a large concourse of spec-
tators were on the banks ; several accidsnts oc-
curred. A young man named Richards was skating
when he fell upon the ice, which gave way, and he
became immersed, but was promptly rescued by one
of the icemen. Two persons, whose names did not
' transpire, were also immersed, and when taken out
were in such an exhausted state that they were at
once taken to the receiving-house, where they re-
ceived every attention. About four o'clock the ice
began to break up in some parts, and was in a bad
condition.

The ornamental water in St. James's-park was
patronised by about 700 persons, but owing o
f to the
dangerous condition of the ice upwards
persons met with accidents, and every one of the
society's man in their exertions to save life became
themselves immersed. At. one time there were
about twenty-five persons in the water, and it
reflects the greatest credit upon the society's men
for the very prompt and energetic measures they
took to rescue them. The ice was last evening
about three parts broken up.
In the Regent's-park there were about 3,000
skaters and sliders, and the sport was kept up with
the utmost spirit, and fortunately without the
slightest mishap.
Mr. Superintendent Williams reports that on
Monday night, according to Negretti and Zambra's
patent, the glass was 24 degrees, and yesterday
morning, at nine o'clock, 20 degrees, at twelve
o'clock, 34 degrees, and at six o'clock in the even-
ing it stood at 32.

An accident, by which one life was lost, hap-
pened on Monday evening, on the lower pond at
Hampstead, near the foot of Downshire hill. It
appears that three young men were skating, when
the ice gave way, and they were all immersed in
deep water, and one of the party, a youth named
Reeves, the son of a school teacher residing at
Hampstead, was unfortunately drowned. Drags
were brought without delay, but in spite of every
effort to find the body, it had not been discovered
up to a late hour yesterday morning.

THE WEATHER.—SUN OFFICE, FEB. 15, 1860.
THERMOMETER, IN THE SHADE.
38—highest since noon yesterday.
32—lowest this morning and during the night.
42—this day at noon.
lisnomuTzu-30.48 ;

WIND. North-Easterly ; light, with fine frosty weather.

HIGH WATER AT LONDON BRIDGE.
THIS DAY.—Morning, 7h. 47m.—Afternoon, Bh. 22m.
To-moitatow.-Morning, 9h. 4m.—Afternoon, 9h. 50m.

cA 2.0 ,M z.
tri'-') . .
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THE SUN.
LONDON, WEDNESDAY, FEB. 15, 1860.

The difficulty and delicacy of the " situation" are
evidenced plainly enough by a perpetually in-
creasing series of postponements. It is inconve-
nient as yet to enter into particulars upon this
point. It is advisable to delay, a little longer, ex-
planations upon that. The interests of the Crown
and the country will be militated against if such
• a motion is persevered in: Any immediate discus-
sion upon the important subject brought under
the notice of the House (Upper or Lower),
by the Honourable Gentleman or by the Noble
Lord, as the case may be, is earnestly depre-
cated upon a variety of pleas : now because
additional information is almost hourly expected to
be forthcoming; now because negotiations are still
pending ; now because, for reasons it were prema-
ture at this moment to explain, such a course would
be highly prejudicial to the national interests, and
might even go so far as to imperil the general
tranquillity of Christendom.
And so generously complacent or awed into
acquiescence by those solemn and sometimes
most . mysterious assurances—noble lords and
hon. gentlemen acquiesce, they bow to the
demands made one after another upon their
patriotism by the responsible members of the
Government. And so—precisely in the same spirit
as that which induced the House of Commons to
agree to the delay of Lord JOHN RUSSELL in lay-
ing the Treaty upon the table until Mr. GLADSTONE
should have recovered his voice sufficiently to
make his Financial Statement—Mr. KING-
IAICE yields to the entreaties of both Foreign
Secretary
ecretery and First Lord of the Treasury,
that for the present he would forego the luxury of
yielding to the almost irresistible temptation of
asking for further particulars in regard to the
rumoured annexation of Savoy to France. It must
be allowed, by Ministers themselves, that if their
position is (as it undoubtedly is) surrounded by
difficulties—they are aided upon all sides in the
general attempt to stave off the evil day of public
s, ,rutiny and public discussion in regard to
ea eh and all of these same important and
for z nidable difficulties. The Budget was post-
pore ed. The revelation of the terms of the Treaty
was postponed. The day fixed for the introduction
of e Reform Bill has been postponed. The exa-
mi ur ttion of the policy proposed to he carried out in
Chi na has been postponed. The scrutiny of the
mea ,tires in regard to Savoy and Nice has been post-
Pone, I. The exposition of the Ministerial projecly
in ref( , irence to the solution of the complex problem
known •, as the Italian Question, has been—for the

most part, namely, as a whole—carefully and reso-
lutely postponed. And it is not simply that Minis-
ters have found in individual members of our own ,
Parliament a disposition to concede thus amiably to
their anxiety for this systematic postponement—
Imperial France has already very recently displayed
in the same manner, in two distinct and extraordi-
nary particulars, what we have already termed in
her regard an admirable reciprocity of retioense to the
British Government. The Moniteur in this way has
responded to the electric hint of the telegram—de-
laying for several days the pre-arranged publication
of the Commercial Treaty, because of the procras-
tination of the English Budget, consequent upon
the indisposition of our Chancellor of the Exche-
quer. And now, yet more recently, it would be
impossible not to recognise in the delay still further
(until the Ist of March) of the opening of the ses-
sion for 1860 of the Senate and Legislative Body,
a generous solicitude on the part of the French
Government not to embarass the English Cabinet
by the necessity of agitating the Savoy Difficulty
at a moment when both Treaty and Budget might
perchance be thereby very seriously jeopardised.
If our Ministerial oracles maintain and obtain
silence in this manner upon other sources of very
natural public solicitude, one of them at any rate
spoke out very plainly indeed last night in the
House of Lords in reference to the actual situation
of things in Tuscany, in answer to the inquiries
yesterday put to him by a Noble Lord who was so
far privileged to speak upon the subject, seeing
that during several recent years he occupied at
Florence the responsible position of her Britannic
MAJESTY'S diplomatic representative. The discus-
sion, in truth, which took place last evening in the
House of Peers in reference to the state of affairs in
Central Italy, will be found upon examination to
be eminently worthy of perusal. Me interlocutors
comprised, besides the Under-Secretary of State,
Lord WODEHOUSE, two Marquises and Ave Earls
the Earls, or, at least, the majorsty of
them, talking most to the point, and the
Marquises the most discursively. It will be seep
that Lord NORMANBY, in giving rise to this dis-
cussion, moved, as it appears rather precipitately,
that an humble address be presented to her
MAJESTY for a copy of any instructions from the
Secretary of State to her MAJESTY'S Chargfi
d'Affaires at Florence, not accredited to the Pro-
visional Government there, directing him to attend
the official reception on the lat of January of
Signor BUONCOMPAGNI, now acting as Gover-
nor. General of Tuscany, having been nomi-
nated as such by Prince CARIGNAN of Savoy
without any subsequent popular sanction on the
part of the Tuscan people ! It will be observed,
we say, that the noble marquis moved rather pre-
cipitately for a copy of those instructions—seeing
that Earl GRANVILLE was enabled at once to reply
--With regard to the despatch supposed to
have been forwarded to her MAJESTY'S Chargé
d'Affaires at Florence, instructing him to give
an official recognition to Signor BUONCOM-
PAGNI, there was no such despatch in exis-
tence ! The President of the Council adding
that the Chargé d'Affaires had been directed to re-
ceive Signor BUONCOMPAGNI in the same unofficial
manner as he had received his predecessor. As to
the details entered into by Lord NORMANBY, the
Earl GRANVILLE did not hesitate to declare that
they were for the most part, if not one and all, based
upon anonymous communications, several of which
having been investigated at the instance of her
MAJESTY'S Government, proved to be entirely
without foundation.

Considerable light has, moreover (altogether
apart from the discussion originated yesterday by
the Marquis of NORMANDY), been thrown upon
the state of affairs in Italy through the publication,
by command of her MAJESTY, of the diplomatic
correspondence which has taken place from the
signature of the Preliminaries of Villafranca
to the Postponement of the Congress. Further
correspondence in regard to the question of the an-
nexation of Savoy to France is announced as very
speedily forthcoming. Till the latter documents
appear we shall lack the key to the mystery
of the EMPEROR'S hitherto inscrutable policy to-
' wards the Roman Peninsula. Till then Europe is
left bewildered in regard to the designs of a ruler
who simply and solely affects to be magnanimous at
the very time when he appears to be only resolutely,
inflexibly, and graspingly Machiavellian !

We all remember th© upstir caused in the United
States by the publication of " Uncle Tom's Cabin"

—it seemed as if the North would die of laughter,
and the South go mad with rage. The genius of
an almost unknown authoress, a descendant, too, of
the gravest old Puritans, set all the civilised world
a laughing at the angry Southerners. Books are
great powers in these days. Even the Vatican roars
with rage at an anonymous pamphlet, and now an-
other book is enraging the unfortunate slaveholders
beyond endurance. For more than two months, on the
testimony of the President himself, the House of
Representatives has been without a Speaker, and
unable to organise itself and proceed to business,
because the Republican candidate had " endorsed
the sentiments of HELPER'S Book." One notable, of
the name of CLARK, even proposed a resolution that
no man was suitable for the Speakership who had
" endorsed HELPER'S book." And only yesterday
we learned that the Republican candidate—Mr.
SHERMAN—though he had repeatedly come within
three votes of his election:had at last withdrawn ;
and that Mr. PENNINGTON, who we may suppose
had not, patronised the terrible book, had taken his
place. Even he, however, on the last trial, had
failed by one vote.
Tremendous, therefore, is the Southern wrath
with this book ; and naturally enough. The
effect it was producing in the American Con-
gress led us to procure it, and we ceased to
wonder at the slaveholders' wrath. Its language is
at
rough and passionate
imagine,is but a
enough, oftensm l partbitter.
o f That,
h
however, we
grievance—the Southerners are used to the dialect,
and indeed, the Northern men also have too much:of
it. Unlike Uncle Tom's Cabin there is not a trace of
genius in it—plenty of hot temper, but no flashes.
The crime of the book is that it appeals to the
point on which Americans are most susceptible. It
says little, only indeed in a passing way about
honour, morality, religion—others HELPER thinks
have:worked those veins sufficiently, and got all that
can be gained from them towards the abolition or
slavery. He almost limits himself to the economical
argument ; he proves that slavery has beggared
the South and Freedom enriched the North ; he
makes the Southerners feel, what JUVENAL tells us,
is the hardest thing to bear in poverty—its ridicu-
lousness. And, having done this he shows how
abolition can be effected quietly, constitutionally,
Set. in the teeth of the two or three hundred thou-
sand slaveholders.

Southern slavery, he says, can be abolished at
once, abolished justly without compensation, and
abolished by those who have the unquestionable
right to abolish it, the non-slavcl&olding whites in
the South itself. HELPER is himself a North Ca-
rolina man, but not a slaveholder. He had land
there—an excellent farm in regard to situation and
quality of the soil. He sold it for five dollars sixty

cents. per acre; a similar farm, not farther off than
Pennsylvania, was sold for one hundred and
fire dollars fifty cents. per acre. Such a fact would
naturally dispose him to look into the whole
subject, and he has given us the results. He has
collected the census returns of the States—they do
not there shrink from agricultural statistics—and
they form such a collection of unanswerable facts as
must consign American slavery to the lowest hell
of economical perdition. He shows that though the
Northern States, which have since emancipated
their slaves, started on a fair level with those of the
South, and though the area of the Slave States is
very much the larger, the Northern population is
much more than thirteen minions, while that of the
South is little more than nine millions and a half,
including more than three millions of slaves. The
South boasts of its agriculture the Free States'
produce, which is measured by the b:ishel, shows a
balance of 17,423,000 bushels in their forour, and a
balance of value amounting to 44,782,000 k:1010.

The same holds good in the very numerous re-
turns which he brings together and tabularia:s.
Cotton, we should have supposed, would have
brought up the wealth of the South to something
like equality with that of the North. He shows
that the " annual hay crop of the Free States is
worth more than all the COTTON, RICE, TOBACCO,
HAY, HEMP, and CANE-SUGAR produced in the fif-
teen Slave States." These products of the South
were valued at 138,605,000 dole. ; the hay crop of
the North at 142,139,000 dole.—that is at three
millions and a half dole. more. The same dispropor-
tion holds throughout—in agricultural produce,
for instance, of the kind measured by the pound
weight, such as sugar (both maple and. cane),
cotton, wool, butter, and cheese twelve
principal articles in all. The Free States
produced 28,878,064,9021bs ; the Slave States only
4,338,370,6611b5., with a difference of value in
favour of the North of fifty-nine million dollars—
nearly £12,000,000. Pretty well this for one
year's contrast between the results of freedom and
slavery in one class of produce only. Adding to
it the balance of the value of crops measured by
bushels, the agriculture of the North surpasses
that of the South by fully £20,000,000 per annum !
The produce per acre of every crop is larger in the
North ; even in the tropical production of Indian
corn the produce is 31 bushels, the South only
20 bushels per acre. The difference of value of
live stock is as 286 to 253 millions of dollars, and
in the value of farms, live stock included, not less
than £200,000,000 ! Indeed, he states, that if
eight entire Slave States—Arkansas, Delaware,
Florida,Maryland, Missouri Mississippi, Tennessee,
and Texas, and the district of Columbia—were put
up to auction, New York—that is, the personal and
real property of New York—could buy them all,
and then have 123 million dollars left in her
pockets.

We might, however, quote facts and figures
without end. They are, as we have said, the great
offence of the book. HELPER has mirrored the
contemptible poverty of the slaveholding South so
clearly in the immense comparative wealth of the
free North, and has so strongly connected all with
slavery that he has sealed its doom. The
dollars are shown to be as overpoweringly against
slavery as the Bible, morality, civilisation, and the
founders of the American Republic. He proves that
emancipation will increase by more than twenty
fold the value of southern estates, and he convicts
the 250,000 slaveholders of being fools to their
own interests, as well as traitors to their country's
welfare, if they persist in maintaining slavery for
the pure pleasure of being able to flog niggers.

But if his facts make them ashamed, his pro-
posed policy enrages them. There are six millions
of whites in the slave states, and but two or three
hundred thousand slaveholders. The non-slave-
holding community are comparatively ruined for
the fancied benefit of the few slaveholders. The
larger proportion of them are the " miserable
whites," of whom we have all heard. Nothing is
wanted to raise these degraded whites but the abo-
lition of slavery, and thus rendering labour honour-
able. The non-slaveholders have each a vote as
well as the few slaveholders. They could outvote
them at once, and fill the State Legislatures with
men who would take immediate measures to repress
slavery. He advises them, amongst other things,
to organise thordughly—never to vote for a traf-
ficker in human flesh—not to co-operate with
slaveholders in politics—in religion—in society ;
to lay a tax of 60 dollars on every slaveholder for
each negro from the present time to July 1863—an
additional tax of 40 dollars for every negro found
in his possession after that time, with other pretty
stringent suggestions.

Such is a slight sketch of the book which pits the
Dollar itself against Slavery, and shows who can
abolish it, how they can do it, and what a gain it
will be to all. We need not wonder that the
offence was inexuiable of having "endorsed HEL-
PER'S Book."