The Sun.
London, England, 1860-09-20 00:00:00

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c9O , Many and strange are the caprices whieNu tft s
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induced nations to fix upon the particular sp of
where their capital is to be placed. A positio, ti
eflbjeintnthdwdieeunregn themselves.
sufficiently far inland to be free from the attack
of pirates, the head of a navigable river, the neigh.,
bourhood of a good harbour, the resting-place of a
white sow, the scene of a battle or a miracle, have
been selected according to the taste of Govern-
ments and of peoples for the spot on which to build
a future metropolis. In the very prosaic days on
which we have fallen it has sometimes been be-
fiAlniiedbvaeandmyti,ahaantt the interests of the owners of adjacent
lands have not been without their weight in decid-
ing the situation of towns. In the United States of
America the rule seems to have been to pick out the
most central situation in the State for the capital
atetehnioilatude3tr-
is,
c,cenar,aelolepgiwoti antalarisl dl l eo sts
Newof any
yootille r i s
theconsideration.
small t 0
wri
nh uos
f,
ihdisdelh:orowfeut
doh:
should
woods
ss hetowiawgwtiaaetnn,hs ,caaNlnvani
nhdiomitase
teshttahaereirset
scarcely
ifllTiayohsruiacorsiiu:strii
rutoionnsfuegtine:mpod,
neobedrdyd:
Canada must, of course, have a cacpiintthgael,seeibthuetr
of Chicago, but a small town said to be difficult to
the name of Lamsing. The united provinces of
next best to
impossible for them to settle. Each province, of'
thought it the most unreasonable thing in the world
that the other did not at once yield to its preten-
sions. This however did not turn out to be the caso,
circum-
stanceswphroat-
possible, and
awr bhiiierhz toil
zo ar
teithfimhtteshis country
i 1 1 I
determined
o,
eni
hmntdeecyi
retnmhagt eiodrnt
miehenwedist
taeoptei
tevrmodaoe ervutdei
itshnf neaae ortge
scrtcalehhgaedeiarmimenageecsumne.
question
agreement
coofloantile
is that they have in the Home Government a fair
and impartial arbitrator, to whom they can refer
matters of difference which they are unable to
arrange. This course was adopted on this occasion.
The question of a capital was referred to the deci-
sion of her Majesty, with an understanding that
whatever she decided should be, without hesitation,
carried into effect. The Queen some three years
ago, under the advice of her Colonial Secretary, gave
her award in favour of the city of Ottawa,
It would seem that the decision must have been
colonies derive third party.
f r 0
mOnt
he
eoi
rf
utnhieiotonnwbfl
an eminently impartial one, since its effect was to
satisfy nobody and to unite those who agreed in
nothing else in the most extreme dislike of the
course to which they had bound themselves to agree.
Those who never found themselves on the same side
before—Orangemen and French Canadians, Protes-
tants and Roman Catholics, representatives of all
the most conflicting interests—appear to have
agreed for once heartily and thoroughly in the dis-
like of Ottawa. There was some show of resistance
at first, and an attempt was made in the Canadian
Parliament to repudiate the award. But the case
was too clear. The submission to the arbitration,
of the Queen had been perfectly absolute and unre-
served, and there was nothing for it but a grumbling
and ungracious obedience. There has certainly been
isn hurry
ro
laneepointof Wales, in
beygivingondinw
heffect t
the
ich
midst
asttyh
ofe
has
da
stehcai
becomest iodne , but
luge which
t hhr
iect
re
impos-
sible.
hasconsTiehteenmtlyonewyaihtaesd
obneenhivsotsetdepwsithevtehresmoincset
Prince
regret by the Canadian Parliament, and the
he set foot on the American Continent, laid the
first stone of the intended Parliamentary build-
ings at Ottawa, described as a Gothic pile ac-
cording to the very straightest sect of that species
of architectural fanaticism. With the account of

THE SUN, LONDON, THURSDAY EVENING, SEPTEMBER 20, 1860.

PRICE 4D. STAMPED, sr.

THE PRINCE'S VISIT TO UPPER
CANADA.

ton, which, with a few other towns in Upper Cana-
da, boasts of having exclusive possession of the
feeling of loyal devotion to the Throne, has set an
example of such insolent disregard of their Royal
guest's wishes as has prevented the Prince from
landing here at all.
In cases like these, when so much angry feeling
is abroad, it is very difficult to collect impartial or
reliable information, but the general facts of the
case are much as follows. The new towns of Upper
Canada have, within the last few years, become un-
pleasantly conspicuous for Orange organisations of
the most bitter and intemperate kind, even for these
societies. In Lower Canada, the country round
Montreal, and from Montreal down to Quebec, more
than nine-tenths of the entire population are Roman
Catholics. In a few towns of Upper Canada the
protestants and Roman Catholics arc pretty equal
in numbers; while in many, such as Kingston,
Toronto, Coburg, Port Hope, and Belleville, the.
Romanists are only as 1 to 10 or 12, or even less.
As a rule, however, a large majority of the popula-
tion of all Canada are Roman Catholics: What first
led to the introduction of Orange societies in Upper
Canada none, of course, can tell, though all are
painfully aware of the fact, that since their organi-
sation, quiet and goodwill have almost entirely lied
the towns in which they are established, owing to
the incessant war of petty bickerings going on be-
tween the two parties. Some of the most danger-
ous fights and disturbances which have taken place
in these towns have been owing to the Orange
processions and celebrations of the 12th of July ;
when the Romanists, too, have suddenly preached
tolerance for all creeds, and generally ,enforced
their arguments by a free fight with the Orange-
men. There had been a comparative lull in these
wretched quarrels for the last few weeks, when,
most unfortunately, it occurred to the peop'a of
Toronto that the occasion of the Prince's landing
at that city would afford a signal and favourable
opportunity for a grand Orange procession and de-
monstration. Such an idea once started, of course,
spread far and wide among the town, most notori-
ous for dissensions, between the Orangemen and
Roman Catholics. The Toronto people decided on
having Orange arches, and receiving his Royal
Highness with a great Orange procession. The
Roman Catholics, of course, held meetings to pro-
test against this. Both parties wrote bitter letters
to the daily papers ; third parties interfered in.
other journals; and fourth parties put forth opin-
ions in peculiar organs to compromise matters, and
of course made them worse than ever. A dispute
of such a nature, of course, soon reached the ears
of the Duke of Newcastle and the Governor-Gene-
ral, and the former, as might be expected, at once
wrote the following letter to Sir Edmund Head,
which the Governor enclosed to the Mayor of To-
ronto, with one equally strong of his own. The two
letters are as follow :

squaws, tossed their paddles into the air and gave
one long cheering whoop, which went echoing
away among the hills with a soft gentle noise as
the sound died out. In anotheraninute the canoes
were alongside the steamer. The Royal party had
been reduced to its smallest limits; only the Duke
of Newcastle, the two Equerries, Commodore Sey-
mour, Mr. Engleheart, Mr. Rose, Dr. Acland, M.
Cal tier, the Canadian Prime Minister, Mr. Elliott,
and the Marquis of Chandos, who is out here tra-
velling for amusement, with the Governor-General
and his Aide-de-Camp, Captain Retallach, were pre-
sent. The Prince, with the Duke and the Gover-
nor-General, went in one very large canoe; for the
rest one canoe was placed at the disposal of every
two members of the party. Before definitively
arranging themselves, however, the canoes were
carried over the portage, and launched at the other
side in the comparatively smooth water above the
Falls, and here the wh?l,9 party embarked and
started away over the water to the halfnaile por-
tage, another rocky Rapid, some three miles up the
river, where the canoes were again to be landed
and carried through the woods to the smooth water
beyond them. The Prince's canoe was manned by
12 strapping Scotch lumberers, who sent it along
like an arrow, so that it soon became a race, all
paddling and splashing through the water as if row-
ing for their lives, and all the crews occasionally re-
freshing themselves with a long shrill whoop that
was deafening to hear. M. Cartier gave out the old
Canadian song, " Il y'a longtemps que je t'aime,
jamais je ne t'oublierai," which was caught up in
an instant by the boatmen, and ,its sweet quick
melody rather agreeably replaced the discordant
whoops and yells with which the crews had excited
and goaded each other into exerting their utmost
speed. Faster and faster they went on fouling each
other as they passed, splashing everybody, laugh-
ing, cheering, and singing, the crews labouring at
their paddles as if they would break .them, and
straining every nerve under a sun which on the still
water was almost tropical in its heat. But fast as
the canoes paddled there was one which kept its
place with ease, and this was an Indian canoe, of
which half the crew were Squaws, clad after the
festive and highly decorated custom of their nation,
but mounting English hats and feathers as a deli-
ptiment, doubtless, to their Royal visitor.
centre of this canoe was a young Squaw,
wlclitteh the centre
little papoose swaddled down upon a flat
strip of board, which she held aloft something after
the fashion of a sail, and seemed so desirous to at-
tract the Prince's attention with it that I began to
titinkat sheth it to him as a pre-
sentewnoeuxitdlaennddirbyg.offTerhin There
w ere some quick
Rapids at the foot of the portage
which it required
no ordinary exertions on the part of the lumberers
to overcome, but at last they passed them, and ran
the canoes under shelter of the land into a pictur-
esque little nook among the rocks and trees, where
everybody scrambled out as they best could. In
another minute the lumberers had dragged their
light bark skiffs from the -water, had them up on
their shoulders, and were trudging away through
the woods to the next point of embarcation. This
was said to be half a mile, dstant, but I must own it
seemed to me the longst half mile I ever walked in
all my life—not that it vial an uninteresting one,
far from it. It was inaposdble not to be amused
at the helter-skelter ramble of the whole party
through the thick forest, with the rude procession
of canoes and flags inter mixed among them. After
this quick, hot scramble of some 20 minutes the
path through the forest emerged at last upon an
immense sheet of water, like a large inland lake,
though only the uppermost continuation of the
Ottawa, and on this the party again embarked in
the canoes and stood across the water some six
miles to Arapsin. At this beautiful little village
there had been sonae handsome arches erected, and
here of course in the middle of a great crowd an
address of welcome was read. This ceremony over
his Royal Highness proceeded to the picturesque
house of Mr. 11PLoughlin, where the party partook
of a luncheon which would have done credit to the
Trois 'Freres for its style and elegance. From this
point carriages were provided for a long drive
through the forest road to a place called Almonte,
a distance of 20 miles. The track was partly through
the forest, over what is called a corduroy road, a
colonial synonym for no road at all—a kind of
track where the natural inequalities of the ground
are developed to their utmost by a profuse inter-
mixture of pine logs. The route at this part lay
through a perfectly wild country. Only a log
cabin broke the monotony of the forest here and
there, with a group of ragged brown girls and boys
clustered on pine logs to cheer the Prince. The
despotism of fashion, however, has penetrated into
the remotest recesses of these back woods, for,
however ragged may be the female members of a
settler's family, I never saw any who did not wear
the most monstrous wooden hoops under their pet-
ticoats. After a few miles of such a track the road
turned on a better country, where the travelling
was good, but so dirty that nearly all the suite
were suffocated, and their dress and features be-
came alike of one dim tawny hue.
At the village of Pakenham a great many arches
had been built up ; but no pause was made here, as
there were still some 70 miles to go by road and
rail, and the day was waning fast. The pretty little
village of Almonte (of course for the moment con-
cealed under the usual amount of evergreen) was
reached a little before 6 o'clock, and by that time, with
the exception of the Prince, not one single member of
the party was distinguishable under their hideous
masks of dust. In all my travels I have never seen
any small party of gentlemen so utterly begrimed
and filthy. Fortunately there was plenty of sherry
and Seltzer water in the Royal car, and I have not
the least doubt but that many members of the suite
were driven to ablutions in the latter beverage. All
haste was then made on for Brockville. Half way,
however, the Prince had to alight and show him-
self to the people at Smith's Falls. They had been
waiting in thousands outside the station all day,
where a platform had been erected covered with
scarlet cloth. On this the Prince came out, ex-
changed a few words to the Mayor, and bowed in
return to the deafening welcome of the people.
It was quite dark when Brockville was reached,
and some 25,000 people had been waiting there also
since 3 o'clock in the afternoon. The Prince alighted
under a rich pavilion,amid the tremendous cheers of
those loyal settlers who had come in from all parts
of the country. Some said an address was read, and
some one else informed ale that the Prince replied to
it, but all I know of my own knowledge is that there
was an immense crowd, and rather a severe crush ;
that carriages were provided for all the suite, into
which they scrambled somehow, and the procession
through Brockville to the steamer Kingston com-
menced. The Firemen, to the number of some
1,200, formed a double line on each side of the car-
riages, each having a Roman candle in his hand, and
these shot out their brilliant sparks of light from
both sides of the street, meeting in the centre above
the carriages in a perfect arcade of coloured fine
nearly a quarter of a mile long. The little town was
in a blaze of light. Every house from the roof, to
the basement was illuminated inside and out, and
all the long groves of trees along the roads were
covered with variegated lamps on every branch.
From the windows of the houses the people held
Roman candlog I from the roofs they were letting
off flights of rockets and bomb-shells and coloured
fire; every bell in the place was ringing madly,
and the whole was such a confused brilliant whirl
of lamps, fireworks, and illumination, of people
shouting, tossing their caps into the air, and almost
embracing the very horses of the Royal carriage,
that the scene is describable in no way save by say-
ing that the united effect of all the receptions the
Prince has had did not equal the wonderful wel-
come he received at the little town of Brockville.
I am certain that the rest of the tour can only
afford something better by its being on a larger
scale, but while it lasted through the town New
York itself could do nothing, except in extent, to
surpass the extraordinary beauty of the scene at
Brockville. Even when his Royal Highness was
on board the steamer Kingston it did not end.
There were fireworks on the water, bonfires on the
Thousand Islands, flights of rockets from all parts of
the town, serenades from all sorts of bands, every-
thing, in fact. which the most intense enthusiasm and
loyalty could devise was done, and done admirably
well.

and apparently so little entitled to the least consi-
deration, could really form their procession in the
town and begin a movement of insolent dictation
to the Prince which, for aught is known, yet may
lead to the most unpleasant conecquences in Upper
Canada. They, of course, were all Irish, and all
belonging to the working classes. None were
without orange ribands and cockades,
,many had
the crimson cloaks of the Royal Scarlet Society, as
it is termed, and all these faded symptoms of dis-
play were more or less stained with theunmistako-
aca
ul eon
tti
r.rayancagetes
least,oo rfg adirtyosar
forms
aos vnaes r.mnEowsvtae
irs
isyna
pit I
riwtr
adhinmtc ha failuren, tr
ihei Inds
ll
a banner with " No Surrender' mottoes, or painted
likenesses of King William, and a large minority
had drawn swords, with which they flourished
and vapoured and marshalled the others, as if
about to lead them into action direct. There were
plenty of men who acted as chaplains to the Lodges,
and who were dressed as much like clergymen
as their dirty surplices could make them, with
orange bows and orange ribands over all. Their
chief leader, a Mr. Robinson, in a medley costume,
went about with others on horseback, haranguing
each Lodge, exhorting them to stand by their
colours, and die by their colours rather than give
way. In making such arrangements this morning
passed. The remonstrances and entreaties of the
authorities of the town were of no avail ; the
Orangemen replied that either the Prince or the
Orangemen must give way, and it should not be
the Orangemen if they stood there- for a month.
The spot chosen for the landing of the Prince was
at the battery, a small work commanding the ap-
proach to the town from Lake Ontario, and sur-
rounded by high stone walls, which prevented its
being seen into from the adjoining street. Here
the chief authorities of the town were in waiting,
and here Capt. Flannigan brought down his troop
of Volunteer Cavalry, all wearing the Orange
riband and insignia on their uniforms, the gallant
Captain himself being so covered with such tawdry
decorations as to look at a distance like a
General officer. This innovation in uniform was at
once noticed, and Capt. Flannigan was requested
to take them off himself and desire his men to do
the same; but this he refused to do, and the news
of his determination was quickly spread through the
procession, and excited general admiration and ap-
plause. At last the Kingston steamer came in sight,
was received with a Royal salute, and great was
the excitement as she came alongside the wharf,
for every one made sure that the Prince was about
to land forthwith, and the Orangemen cheered, not
in welcome to the Prince, but solely and entirely
for what they rather prematurely considered was
their own, undoubted victory over their young
guest. But an hour passed, and yet another, and
still he did not land. At first it was said he was
putting on his uniform, next that he was receiving
addresses, then that he would land privately.
At last the truth came out in the form of an
official verbal intimation from the Mayor to the
Orangemen that his Royal Highness would not
land to join any partisan procession of the
kind ; that his Royal Highness would remain
till nine o'clock the next morning to allow them
time to think over it, and if the demonstration were
then persisted in he would leave Kingston alto-
gether. The chiefs of the movement, lam told,
upon this held a short council, at which it was
determined nem. con. that his Royal Highness
might quit Kingston if he chose, but that land he
should not without the Orange procession to accom-
pany him. With this resolution the procession at
last broke up, and horsemen were flying through
the town all the night, warning the members of the
Lodges that the Prince might tryand land privately.
at 8 a.m. next morning, and that, therefore, it be-
hoved them to be out and stirring with their pro•
cession early. There was a masquerading pro-
cession through the town that night, and most of
the houses refused to illuminate, and there was an
immense amount of drunkenness, and. a great deal
of loud, vapouring, stupid talk about their resist-
ance to the Prince's wishes being supported by
their Orange brothers across the water ; that the
Orangemen in Ireland could shake him on his
throne, &c., with other nonsense of the same kind,
which angry ignorant men will talk, but which one
hardly expected to hear from those who claim to
be the only loyal subjects in Canada.
At 8 o'clock on the morning of Wednesday the
3d the Orangemen were again at their posts in pro-
cession round the battery, and so hour after hour
passed till midday, and the thing began to wear a
..;a;..nlnilq and undignified scpect. There were the
Prince and his party quietly 'in his boat inside the
battery, and there were Orangemen outside standing
obstinately in the road, as they had done all the
previous day. At last Lord Lyons came ashore to
inform the authorities that the Prince would leave
in an hour, and to convey to an American company
of Volunteers his Royal Highness's regrets that he
would not be able to have the pleasure of seeing
them at Kingston. The Orangemen, however, only
considered this a ruse to get them out of the way,
and remained as firm as ever. At last the Royal
steamer moved out of the battery, and the Orange-
men called out that he was going to land privately
some two miles below the town. If such a step had
been likely it would, one would have thought, have
been a sufficient humiliation for the Prince to satisfy
even the hot-headed bigots of Kingston. But this
was not so, and off they all started at a run to get
their procession to the landing before him. They
had only the exercise, however, for their pains, for
the steamer stood westward up the lake, and in a
few minutes was out of sight.

(From the Special Correspondent of the Times.)
KINGSTON, SEPT. 6.
The Royal tour through Upper Canada has
reached as far as this dirty, stagnant little town,
on the shores of Lake Ontario. The Royal visit
here, though very brief, has been more than suffi-
ciently long to afford a most unfavourable impres-
sion of both place and people, and to give in its
straggling streets—irregular without picturesque-
ness, and dilapidated without antiquity—another
instance, if one were wanted, of how difficult it is to
force any town into the dignity of a capital. To
such a position with regard to Canada it was at one
time thought probable that Kingston might be ele-
vated; and, in spite of the opposition of tne people,
every influence of the then Governor-General was
devoted to the attainment of that end. The result
is much the same here as it will be with Ottawa
some five years hence. The fact of the Parliament
buildings having been solemnly commenced at the
latter place is not of much account. Houses of Par-
liament have been scattered almest broadcast over
Canada, without effecting a new capital anywhere,
or at all shaking the consideration of the people for
their only real centre and metropolis at Montreal.
The buildings at Ottawa, if ever finished, will make
an admirable lunatic asylum whenever the town is
sufficiently prosperous to require them for that pur-
pose; and until then, and as some £400,000 will be
necessary for their completion, the works may only
be continued with the slow dignity which pertains
exclusively to Parliament buildings both here and
at home. The course taken by his Royal Highness
to reach this disloyal little township of Kingston
was about as circuitous as could well be managed,
and at the same time one of the very best for show-
ing him the magnificent scenery of the Upper
Ottawa, and, though in a mild and agreeable form,
the difficulties incident to Canadian travel in the
wilder parts of the country. This day's tour had
been rather 'wired forward to by the Prince and
all the Royal party, and, excepting the unavoid-
able inconveniences of heat and dust (component
and essential parts of a rough day's travel any-
where), the whole journey from first to last was
one of the most agreeable and diversified that the
Prince has had in Canada. He left Ottawa a little
before eight o'clock in the morning of the 3d, and
some two hours after a loyal, patient, and much-
enduring crowd had been standing in the mud
round his hotel to give him one farewell cheer.
The first stage was by carriage to Aylmer, a little
village on the edge of the Upper Ottawa, and about
10 miles from that town. There was no peculiarity
about this drive, save that it was very rapid and
very dusty—for the day for once was fine, and the
fierce rays of the sun even at that early hour gave
promise of one of those scorching days which at
this time of the year occasionally glare down on
Canada with all the heat of a West Indian summer.
If there had been no arches over the road, which
wound along the shores of the Ottawa, the fact
would have been worthy of special mention; but
as it was I have only to report, what has been so
often told before, that arches seemed to spring up
everywhere the Prince would, could, or might pass.
At little hamlets where only three or four log
cabins were in view, and where the whole popula-
tion—to the number of some 35 or 36—turned out
en masse in a group might be covered with a table-
cloth, there was sure to be an arch of some shape
or other. It might only be, as it very often was,
a mere bent screen of spruce firs, decked here and
there with huge bouquets of wild flowers, or twisted
round with garlands of water lilies and wild ge-
raniums. But, whatever the effect, it was always
a kind, spontaneous effort to do honour to the
Prince; and the little knot of settlers who reared
it were always close beneath, bareheaded and
dressed in their best, and each with something like
a flag in his hands, content and happy if his Royal
Highness only for one brief second drove under an
arch which it had taxed their slender means and
taken them hours of labour to erect. On lakes and
rivers, in wild and unknown spots, the evidences
of strong and almost devotional loyalty with which
the Prince has been welcomed have been really
something touching. Even in byway clearings in
the forest, when the Royal train has shot past at full
speed, glimpses may be caught amid the trees of
rough log shanties all covered over with fir branches
and flowers, and with a family of settlers gathered
round the charred stumps in front, waiting perhaps
all day merely to shout and cheer as it flew on.
The journey from Ottawa to Brookville was one
long-continua repetition of such incidents, except
when at Brookville itself, where the people gave his
Royal Highness a reception which he may, perhaps,
tind surpassed in extent at other places, but which
for general beauty of effect was better than any he
has yet had in all Canada, Lower or Upper.
At Aylmer, a pretty little village above Ottawa,
the whole place was checkered with arches of every
sort. What they wanted in high art effect was
more than compensated by their number, and,
speaking at random, I should say there must have
been au arch erected or garland hung across the
road for every ten people in the place. At Aylmer
the party embarked on board a steamer which was
to convey them higher up the Ottawa to Les Chats
Portage, where the canoes were waiting. The
scenery during the journey up was of exquisite
beauty. The weather was that hot, dead, sultry calm
when lake scenery, as this part of the river may be
called, is always seen to the best advantage—when
the water seems to languish under the sun in a lazy
calm, as if oppressed by heat, and the mountains
have a dim cool blue about them, with all the rich,
soft, glowing indistinctness of one of Turner's land-
scapes. It was such a lake as this the Prince went
up, with a great, fertile, but utterly wild country
stretching round—a hughextent of rich uncultivated
land, supporting a wolf or a bear to such a number
of square miles as, under happier auspices, would
give food and labour for all the population of Lan-
cashire. It is a painful, even a shameful, truth—but
I am sure that it is a truth—that more is known in
England of the Terai, or the mouth of the Peiho,
than of the whole of Canada or the Provinces put
together—aye, and even among public men and
great colonial oracles. Twenty years ago Macau-
lay told how even well-educated Englishmen were
not ashamed to confess their utter ignorance of
the history of Hindostan—how they could not
even tell the difference between a Hindoo and a
Mussulman, nor name the country over which
Holkar once ruled. How many well-educated
Englishmen are there now who, if told that Nova
Scotia was an island, and, like Labrador, half rock,
half glacier, would disbelieve it ? Whatare the po-
pular' notions of New Brunswick—the Liverpool
of our North American Provinces—the finest and
most flourishing of all our colonies out here ?
What is generally thought of Prince Edward
Island ? I am sorry to think that the ignorance
on all connected with these colonies can arise only
from the most utter indifference either to where
they are or what they are. But, to return to the
Prince on the Upper Ottawa (less known by far
than Lake Ngami), the boat continued steaming
quickly on its way for some miles. The captain of
the vessel and one or two others connected with
the canoe expedition could tell the best deer runs
of the shores around, and how front 10 to 12 might
easily be killed in a day ; but beyond this they
knew nothing, for nothing whatever is known.
Once a lumber-boat came out to salute with mus-
kets, and once or twice a shrill halloa of welcome
came from those on the cliffs who had been looking
for the Prince's boat since daybreak, but beyond
these two incidents there was nothing to tell of
human beings, or that these great wilds had ever
been trodden by the foot of man. When will the
Government send out some Livingstone to explore
and explain the resources of Upper Canada ? There
are maps of it, as there are maps of Japan, but of
both countries any single State in the Union knows
more than all England put together. A sudden
bend in the wide-lake river brought the Royal
steamer in front of the Chats portage, one of the
finest pieces of rock and river scenery on the Ot-
tawa, if not on any river in North America. It is
a huge semicircle of rocks, nearly three miles wide,
and over which the river pours in no less than 24
distinct huge waterfalls, some of them above 50 or
60 feet high, but all with a broad impetuous rush
of water which gives to the portage a wild, rough,
animated grandeur, the effect of which from the
river below is striking beyond all description.
Seen, as the Prince saw it, with the hot sun
lighting up each cataract with rainbows, the gay
little canoes dancing about among the Rapids
below them ; the intense, deep stillness of the pine
forests sleeping in the sun ; the air of still, solemn,
wild repose which reigned over everything, moun-
tain and rock, lake and wood, with only the groat
drowsy roar of the cataracts to fill the ear with a
dim, sleepy hum, these made altogether one of those
scenes of soft, impressive grandeur which can always
be remembered. The fussy little steamer which
bore the P-ince seemed an intrusion on this great
scene of nature's repose, and when the pace was
slowed as the cataracts were neared itpeas,t:khceeemtnhrseeeed,rirf
thewas verymovi
moving
boat
quietly
ythe e
sitn flituaespriripc,;,,olafc
approached
still-
ness. Slowly as the .oat
7:anned by lumbermen, Indians, and
the MOOe

My dear Sir Edmund,—l am informed that it is the
intention of the Orangemen of Toronto to erect an arch en
the line of route which it is desired by the citizens that the
Prince of Wales shall take on Friday next, and to decorate
it with the insignia of their association. I am also told
that they mean to appear in the procession similarly deco-
rated with party badges.
It is obvious that a display of this nature on such an
occasion is likely to lead to religious feud and breach of the
peace, and it is my duty to prevent, as far as I am able, the
exposure of the Prince to supposed participation in a scene
so much to be deprecated and so alien to the spirit in which
he visits Canada.

this ceremony our correspondent has combined a
description of the city of Ottawa, which we con-
fess has filled us with very serious misgiving as
to the wisdom of the step which her Majesty has
been advised to take in selecting it as the capital
of Canada, and given us, and we think the Queen's
advisers, strong reason to rejoice that the question
has not gone so far that it is too late for recon-
sideration.

I trust you may be able to persuade those who are con •
cerned in these preparations to abandon their intentions ;
but that there may be no mistake, I hope you will inform
them that in the °Tent of any such arch being erected I shall
advise the Prince to refuse to pass under it, and enter the
town by another street; and further, if any Orange demon-
stration, or any ether demonstation of a party character is
persisted in, I shall advise the Prince to abandon his visit
to the town altogether.
I have heard, but with less certainty, that a similar de-
monstration is contemplated at Kingston. I need net say
that my remarks equally apply to that or any other town.
—I am, &c., NEWCASTLE.
To the Right Hon, Sir E. Head.

The great river Ottawa, the most considerable
of the tributaries of the St. Lawrence, falls into
that mighty artery of the North American Conti-
nent through two branches. Between those
branches lies the island on which is situated the
Royal mountain at the feet of which lies the large
and busy city of Montreal. Nature seems to have
marked out this point as the proper site for the
metropolis of Canada. Although situated in the
Lower Province, it is just on the boundaries of the
two. Its position is healthy and commanding; it
lies close to the stream of the St. Lawrence, which
is evidently destined to carry the vast trade created
by the labours of a population settled around the
lakes, which form the finest system of freshwater
navigation in the world. It is at the head of the
navigation of the St. Lawrence, and by, far the most
considerable place in the country. It is connected
with the southern side of the river by the magni-
ficent bridge, nearly two miles long, to which the
Prince of Wales put the last rivet a fortnight ago.
Its railways run eastward to Quebec, westward
to the Mississippi, northward to Ottawa itself,
and southward to Boston and New Yolk. We do
not now speak of its former rivals—Kingston,
Quebec, and Toronto—for it seems to us perfectly
clear that the claims of Montreal are so predominant
over theirs that, if existing arrangements are to be
disturbed, they must be disturbed in favour of Mon-
treal. What, then, are the claims of Ottawa that
it should have been preferred to a place possessing'
so many and striking advantages as Montreal? The
claims of Ottawa are, that it stands on the boundary
line between the two provinces, like Montreal, and
that it is capable of being made into an exceedingly
strong fortress—a merit which it possesses in com-
mon with Quebec. On the ether hand, Ottawa is
a small town, containing at the most 12,000 inha-
bitants. It is at present the abode of a rough and
disorderly population of lumberers. The town is
very incomplete, and by no means suited for the
abode of the Legislature. All public buildings have
to be erected at a very great expense. Ottawa is
reached by a branch from the Grand Trunk Railway
which there is no probability will be carried beyond
it. The stream below it is navigable only for
steamers of a very light draught of water; the stream
above it is rendered useless for tnnheelsesfptfi
irotlprlwofsihulelats
future
rogeef
navigation by rapids and a very considerable' cata-
ract. In the immediate neighbourhood of the town.
the Ottawa is wide and shallow, and a brirlgenaott
inferior to the vast structure just completed
to arrive
compulso residents. It
t
f
r
ha's no otheer voca-
ErlkuilvvioteeinrrnityrieaoTildthhywuiltmlehlouebfsetectrgaheonqeaaruq.dmiuiraei.tgAdehtNtotoyupoaotubl,refs•enoo
biwetyuznneneshg. osei
tbvnroowueeensttattbyhoatabirehneeytka omeaoni
expen-
diture eiihionnot
the
at it. To the members of the Legislature
e
and will not be filled
heavilyrequired
Washingtone
nfotrh theash
buta transaction
f
csuitadatsuhnihpei
voca-
tion. mccetetnsrufomaeei
0.
Legislature,
increase
elhpetgfeTotlooyrftbtreloceaheteri
intervalsthtebauytteLahrh,
nwneeeaegi h mo e.
too
mistakenaoehotvEa -f -
eeecow.
plL.tuasrehwinagstnnont enough to support
many a year to come. We seem about to
advisers of her MajestyurwPn
force the same error upon the colonists of Canada.
They have trusted our Government to choose for
them, and it has acquitted
itself of the commission
by choosing worse than they could possibly have
we ought not to be above acknowledging it. We
can have no interest in the matter, except that the
site of a capital should be fixed on the spot most
Legislature
If we have made a mistake
selection they have made. If so, there is abundance
wboeuelndmisled seem
n thethe
of time to correct the error. The Colonial Secre-
tary has now seen the spot with his own eyes. If
he approves it, now that he has seen it, there is no
more to be said; but if the result of his inspection
be to lead him to the same conclusion as that an-
nounced by our able and experienced correspondent,
we cannot doubt that he will lose no time in ad-
vising her Majesty to rectify the error, and thus
1 C
reception which they have given to their future
Sovereign.— Times.
acceptablegive to her
return
rmtohs
et graceful
ent.huenthusiastic
reception ioWedal ileveatn,e not
only the seatb

Ottawa Aug. 31.
Sir,—l have the honour to enclose a copy of letter ad-
dressed to me by the Secretary of State for the Colonies,
now in attendance on his Royal Highness the Prince of
'Wales.

In explanation of this letter, I desire to call your atten-
tion to the fact that, according to an advertisement which
has appeared in a Toronto paper, it is the intention of the
Orange body in that city to display in the procession which
is to take place on the reception of his Royal Highness, and
in the streets through which he is to pass certain emblems
and decorations belonging especially to their own society.
I may state in the most explicit terms that any
such display, or any attempt to connect with his Royal
Highness' reception, the public and open reception of the
Orangemen or any party association, would be viewed with
extreme dissatisfaction.
You will bear in mind, Sir, that his loyal Highness visits
this colony on the special invitation of the whole people, as
conveyed by both branches of the Legislature, without dis-
tinction of creed or party; and it would be inconsistent with
the spirit and object of such an invitation, and such a visit,
to thrust on bim the exhibition of banners or other badges
of distinction which are known to be offensive to any por-
tion of her Majesty's subjects.
feel satisfied that his Grace's reasons for expressing
these views will, on consideration, be deemed satisfactory ;
and I have to request you, as chief magistrate of the city of
Toronto, will take care that no such cause of complaint may
exist, either in the procession itself or in the decoration of
the streets through which his Royal Highness will pass.
I have further to request that you will, by letter, ad-
dressed to me at Kingston, inform me explicitly as to whether
any doubt exists as to a compliance with the wishes expressed
by the Duke of Newcastle in this matter, as the course likely
to be pursued at Toronto may materially affect the route to
be taken by his Ro3 al Highness in his future progress
through the province.—I have the honour to be, &c.,
EDMUND HEAD.

His Worship the Mayor, Toronto.

Kingston, though merely alluded to en passant,
was the first place at which his Royal Highness was
to land, and here it was tacitly understood that the
question of whether the Prince or the Orangemen
were to give way was to be tried, so Toronto for a
moment fell into the background, and both parties
concentrated their attention on this dirty little town.
The resolution of the Orangemen here was soon
come to. They determined that Orange arches
should be erected, and the Prince should be received
with an Orange procession in attendance on the
Corporation, and with none other. I am assured that
this resolution was encouraged to the utmost
privately by the Orange
,leaders at Toronto, who
sent constant telegrams to Kingston exhorting
them to stand firm, and insist on an Orange demon-
stration, and that 15,000 Orangemen would be in.
Toronto to do the same. Thus stimulated and fur-
ther urged forward by a Mr. Flannigan, Grand
Master, a chief butcher of Kingston, and a captain
of a troop of Volunteer and very Orange Cavalry,
the thing of course went forward duly accompanied,
as is usual in such cases, by the strongest protesta-
tions of loyalty and the constant assertion that
what was being done was entirely for the Prince's
own good. Two Orange arches were accordingly
erected in the chief thoroughfares through which
the Prince must pass. Except as sources of keen
ill-feeling, these would have been totally unworthy
of note, so poor and paltry were they both in design
and execution. The one I saw, and, as I am told,
the best, was merely papered with orange paper,
and with rather a handsome model of the Ark of
the Covenant at the top. The sides were filled in
with the Orange societies' insignia, with portraits
of Garibaldi and the Prince, the latter with the
motto of " The faith of my forefathers and mine,"
with portraits of " William 111., of glorious, pious,
and immortal memory ;" little banners contained
the names of Baker, Walker, and Murray, of Lon-
donderry fame, with scrolls of " No Surrender,"
and other mottoes equally inappropriate to the
occasion. Whether public attention was so much
engrossed in the erection of this trophy, which after
the Prince's wishes on the subject could only be
regarded as insulting, or whether they wished to
render it more conspicuous by not erecting others
I cannot say, but it is certain that scarcely any
other attempts were made at decorating the town,
and that the few other arches that were 'put up
were worse than any he had seen on his way through
the woods from Aruprivi to Almonte. Of course
the Royal suite soon heard of this wanton' dis-
courtesy, and a private intime.tion, I believe, was
conveyed to Kingston that the Orange procession
lmluestAy
biaegoirvennoeourpd,jr iy
or the Prince would not land.
is
would be no r al
which the •
p-,d by
k:niefs of the Orangemen met, and,
mewn ,
janicip p rsouceed ssaionn orderN vhatev that
whatever, there
uon
coura
.
Mr. Flannigan and
de`,ale'd with a good deal of hot-ilh'°eamdlel d°ttaellkegarbout
receivegivi ng o
him wyiatlhHainghonersasnagelessou, thsaiotntl:neoydwwouitlidt
procession,
Prince did not
such a display only, and that
Thou-
sandbeenlik; it lie
but perhaps in order
mightston leavesteamiotr, awnidtnhli:tofhtetland y at tl all.The
party,
was
expected to arrive about nool
t o Show
Islands
ltaon
ds some advantage
ougii
loN,t,
lehascteenoeulTd°l.htalvlee
on time to
managed I am at a loss to imagine),Km perhapsawah a
view of allowing the people h g
change their minds, elia
wasarry iev
madeblontftte
rientbatoehateet was
and muchmor
e
delayed. If this deayhope that
the Orangemen would
loyalty than to insist on insulting their young
Prince and guest, it was made in vain, for by ten
o'clock in the day the obnoxious procession began
to muster in all sorts of tawdry finery, marching
along to the tunes, of
Tthe " Boyne Water," and
crappies lie down. IN hen they really had formed
up in a ion!. line to the number of some 800 or 1,000,
it seemed • • .; cult to believe that a set so worthless,

When he was really gone the people were, of
course, bitterly angry, though they affected to
consider the whole thing a victory and decided tri-
umph for the Orange party. A mass meeting was
eventually held, at which some violent language
was used against both the Prince and the Duke,
and it was decided privately that all the Orange-
men of Kingston that could follow to the places
where the Prince was likely to land should at once
do so, and meet him at the various landing-towns
with their flags and banners, and try everywhere
to compel him to accept their procession, or not
land at all. This was done accordingly, and a
large party started at once for Belleville, the next
town at which the Prince was to disembark. I have
just heard by telegraph from that place that there
the procession was again formed on the land-
ing wharf, and that his Royal Highness again re-
fused to land, and went away in the steamer
for Coburg. I am on the point of starting
for that town, which I shall reach as soon as the
Royal steamer. Telegrams say that the people of
Coburg will not allow an Orange procession, but
to prevent this backsliding a number of the Orange-
men of Kingston have gone up there, bent on mak-
ing a procession at all hazards. I have also had
_
several telegrams from Toronto, and fear, from all
I hear, that there is every prospect of a riot at thatn
place. The Orangemen are said to be detelensbyea.
ron having their display, and the Scotch
terians, I am told, are coming in there
if ' they attempt it.
num-
bers from all parts of the country,
the Orangemen into the river tame-ours, but, at
These, however, I hope, are
.only ° d-,ier,,vo by telegraph
any rate, I can send on detailed
provided. There were 19
ball
up to the evening of Saturday,
__
for 2,000 persons, and
here last night was intended
d is 7 males, in a room almost
gentlemen present and 17
Of course, it did not
as big as that at Moue
ere frightened to be alone
last an hour. People w
all
apartment, and came away.
in such a huge
a magnificent supper was , bent
BtilBth. The
largeonThd re i v i n g

IN LIVERPOOL.—At the police court
Neasam was brought before Mr. Raffles
d with the murder of his wife. The
case was not
charge
into, no further evidence having fully gone
to secure a remand
was sufficient
.of the prisoner. It appears
that on Tuesday night about 9 o'clock, the wife, who is re-
presented as having been an industrious woman, returned
to her own house in Gomer-street, t --e-1 Queen Anne-street, as
it is said, somewhat the worse for liquor. Her husband, the
struck beyDtwET. eghntin.
prisoner, who is stated to have heels a loose sort of character,
but, it suddenly
addicted to coursing, and keeping without any very visible
means two or three greyhounds, was at home when she ar-
rived. lie became irritated at her appearaace and condition,
yesl‘teirlidßa
and a quarrel arose between them.
and ill names were exchanged, and ultimately blows were
again
bi;lirestq
tfloarltrieti both
eoeOtth,plep.(r)iroatb(i)ril
yboeaunsi
dpip,appeased,
epithetsyse,ii-,
eally, andlin:eourse of the unhappy dispute the wife called
her husband a " returned convict." At the use of this he
again struck her, and, taking a large clasp-knife from his
pocket, he opened the blade out, and stabbed her in the left
side. She uttered a piercing shriek and ran into the street,
blood flowing copiously from the wound. She had
only proceeded a few yards from the door, however,
when she fell on the pavement and almost immediately ex-
pired. Medical aid was speedily obtained, but in vain : the
weapon had penetrated to the heart, and death was inevit-
able and almost immediate. The husband on discovci Mg
the fatal result of his passion ran off, in doing so passing
close to the scarcely lifeless body of his wife. In about two
hours afterwards he was apprehended at no great distance
from the scene of the outrage, and on being taken into cus-
tody he said, "I am very sorry for what I have done to •
night," and handed the knife with which he had committed
the fatal act to the police officer who apprehended him. The
prisoner was remanded till to-morrow (Friday).

IMPORTANT TO WORTCMEN.—A very important
wages case was heard at Warrington. on Tuesday. Thos.
Hart had been employed for a number of years as a worker
ted
in iron -at the Callam Forge Foundry, .near WarrirlitiAl
conduct by Messrs. Neild and Co. li is Messrs. Ne ___
custom always to retain one week's wages in hand: o
Saturday, the 25th of August, there was £1 sss. 4..,°.: T
00
Hart. On the Monday following, Hart was at the:3ol,i-
-engaged filing some steel rods, in contiguity to sraultirTeary,.
net y at work. Mr. Woodcock, the foreman of ti_4_,:s intax.i
passed at the time, and perceiving that fisrE,_ The machi-
cated, end was throwing the iron about close ru
firsthe fell to the
nery, he pushed him off a pile of rods,
ground. Hart immediately jumped TIP, litzeib, and then on
foreman on the hand and dislocated hist thumb, rendered him
~Il struck the
the head with a bar of iron,
insensible. Next morning wages. He there-
missed Hart, and refused to givechi ;he wages due for the
wmhesicshrtsj.:alleyild summarily dia.
fore summoned Messrs. Neielcili
the fracas had taken place.
waek previous to that in WWI, , q
paatrhtye hicannredotfogir
vaectehr
a-
; d noted the law bearing on
Mr. Marsh, for Messrs._
thamonth, quarter,
the case, as laid down b NeLad Denman and Mr. Justice
or any
.tary,ae shall forfeit the current
taro Coleridge,
time (
(whether
r bshowedythey fortnight,th a that
himself "i f
other period), so conductsa_ _
salary even
d also laid • which he has served. Mr. Jus.
tice Coleridge had also considerationforfotirmlue
dsusrmg
A down that "under ciicum-
stances of gross misconduct the worm cannot recover
pro „fir.,, The case was A,Asmisfsed.
a Ct
BRITISII
~
..,LEGE OF lizkvira, EUSTOIT-ItOAD,
o.xnex •
,_Morison the Ilygeist's Tiegstable Universal has
... the best proof of its
„wan' e.—The high reputation which this medicine
I obtained in all parts of the world is
I efiloaoy, and of the truth of the ITyrasP system of medicine.

As a matter of course, there was very little sleep 'to
be got in Brockville that night, u
and the r'Amiurs
which I had heard of what was going ,n at this
place made me anxious to reach it at Once. So I
left lbßrockvile still
.in a blaze or light and festivity,
and came on y train. here. As the road is only 50
miles, and as the train was a special express, it or ;y
took three hours to traverse. the distance, and I' " '
myself at last in the wide, straggling, ar - • found
fortable streets of Kingston at about -.. -.tl uncom-
morning of the 4th. As Ph- - _ - o o'clock in the
travelling nearly 50 hour .t__.ol been writing and
$ hout sleep or change
of clothes, I need -• • "Nvi
about ace'"
_ ~or say that I was not fastidious
cP,
•--
- ...nmodation, and was delighted to be re-
-yed at one of the dirty lodging-houses which in
this city are called the chief hotels, and in all re-
lating to charges they ought to be. I am sorry to
say that my narrative of enthusiastic receptions
and grand displays, as far as this city is concerned,
hu receiTed 14 Tog sudden check, and that Kinge-

How TO GET A RIDE FOR NOTHlNG.—Purchase
a penny paper. By jumping on the steps of .the various
omnibuses, and pretending to offer it for sale, you can easily
get a ride from the Bank to Hyde-park Corner for getil?i,uir"
If you wish to return you have only '
,
baawarcle.—Putsch, O° ON

eteri

•
-