The Sun.
London, England, 1869-09-28 00:00:00

THE SIJN, LONDON, TUSSDAY EVENING, SEPTEMBER 28, 1869.

MISCELLANEOUS NEIVS.

bad in the Manchester region.- If there had been
any falling off in the quantity of material exported
the mystery would be intelligible, but nothing
of the kind has occurred. The quantity
of cotton which actually passed through
the Lancashire mills in 1867-8 was as great
as that consumed by these same mills in 1858-9,
the time of our greatest prosperity. In the year ending
last December our exports of cotton goods,
amounted in value to £67,500,000 ; whereas in
1854, a year of the good old times, they
amounted to less than £32,000,000. It
will thus be seen that the quantity of Lancashire
produce is quite as.great as it used to be, whilst the
value, owing to the increased price of cotton, is double.
What, then, is the moaning of Lancashire distress ?
The Times, commenting on these puzzling facts, is
almost disposed to " give it up." It sugvests that as
mankind can consume only a limited supply
even of cotton goods, and as other nations are
competing with us, we must in future be content with
a portion of the trade, instead of the whole. But this
is really no reply. Lancashire, notwithstanding
rivalry, does as much business as before, and yet its
prosperity is grievously impaired. Is it not that the
success of the cotton manufacture has attracted an
amount of capital and industry which has swamped
even that splendid branch of trade ?

AMERICAN AFFAIRS.

will remain there for several weoks.—General Hooker's
health is much improved. He is now in Watertown.—
Anna Dickinson has just visited the Yo Semite valley in
full bloomer suit on a man'ssaddle, which she rode astride.
—A n American paper says, " The Cunarder Siberia, from
Liverpool, brought 92 cabin passengers and 642 emigrants
to Boston, on Saturday, Sept. 10, the largest number of
passengers at Boston by a single ocean steamer for a long
time. William and Ellen Cratts, the distinguished
coloured people from England, were among the passen-
gers."—Kate Field Las fifty engagements to lecture in
New England.—Lieutenant-Colonel Theodore S Peek of
Burlington has been chosen Assistant Adjutant-General of

ilia Grand Army of the Republic in Vermont.—Dr George
C. Reynolds of Chicago, Illinois, and Miss Matte
Tinker of Old Lyme, were married in that town on Wed-
nesday, Sept. 8. Dr. Reynolds is a graduate of Williams,
an assistaut-surgeon during the war, and is now under
appointment as a missionary physician of the American
Board to Eastern Turkey. His wifo is a graduate of Mount
Holyoke Seminary, and a successful teacher at the west.—
Gov. Clafliu's Tosidence at Newtonville, near Boston, is
one of the finest in Massachusetts. It is partially sur-
rounded by beautiful elms and other trees, with a large
lawn in front, where the ladies pass their leisure in cro-
quet. His conservatory of rare plants is equal to that of
any private gentleman's in the State. Proverbial for
his hospitality, his carriages are usually in waiting for
the arrival of every train from Boston. His liberality
equals his hospitality, one of his last gifts being a do-
nation of $l,OOO to the M. E. church of the village.—
Mlle. Carlotta Patti and Max Strakosch arrived at New
York, Sept. 9, in the steamship St. Laurent, and wont to
the Everett House.—Capt. E. M. Shaw, Chief of the Lou-

• (From the Anglo-American Times.)
Masrs. Loring and Atkinson, two Boston brokers,
the New York Nation says, have been making in-
quiries into the industrial condition of the South,
and have compiled a pamphlet of extracts from the
replies to questions addressed to 200 Southern
planters,brokers,and factors throughout the country
on agriculture, the defects and advantages of the
present system of labour, the condition and pro-
spects of the negroes and their relations to their
white employers, and the opening in the South to
white immigration :
"One of the first things which strikes us in reading the
letters is, that there is a general agreement amongst the
writers, not only that the working force of the black
population has been greatly diurinishe I by disease and
casualties during the war, and by the general refusal
of the women to labour in the fields since the war, but
that they are not multiplying, owing to the increasing in-
disposition of the women to bear children—this inference
being drawn partly from the fact that the births have
diminished greatly within the sphere of the writer's ob-
servation, and partly from the notorious increase of the
practice of abortion. That it is a correct inference, nobody
need feel much difficulty in believing who remembers that
the care of the plantation children now devolves on the
mothers, and not, as formerly, on old nurses detailed for
the duty ; and that impatience of child-bearing is not con-
fined in our day to the negroes. The effects of the diminu-
tion of births, combined with the less careful treatment
of disease—which is the natural result 'of the sick negro
ceasing to be property, and being left to got well by his
own devices—the neglect of vaccination, and the greater
irregularity of the negro's habits in freedom than in slavery,
and the sudden access of anxiety caused by emancipation,
and falling on a race unused to anxiety, and all forms of
nervous wear and tear, except physical fear, have also
probably done much to raise the bills of negro mortality,
or would, if any such bills existed. They would make the
prospect of an early extinction of the race very strong,
if it were not for the probability that the race will,
with fair play, before very long adapt itself by a process
of natural selection to the new conditions of existence.
The shiftless, licentious, vagabond, and stupid will inevit-
ably die off rapidly ; they cannot keep their footing very
long in a busy industrial community such as the South,
no matter what race supplies the labour, is sure to be ; the
sober, industrious, strong, and enterprising will hold their
own, acquire land and trades, and bear large families, and
eventually present to the world a now and select negro
pe, adapted to the now order of things."

The Nation considers that large farms can only be
kept up by a degraded and very dependent labour-
ing population, and has only been seen in perfec-
tion "in the South during slavery, and in England
where the hind's condition is one of the reproaches
and scandals of modern civilization." If cotton
cannot be raised except in large quantities on large
plantations, by hired labour, it is safe to say that
no very great increase can be looked for at the
South. But the letters show the possibility of
cotton culture on small farms, the climate is
no difficulty in the way of white settlers, and the
profits of careful cotton culture are enormous.
Ginning is thegreatestobstacle; but there is no more
reason why the grower should gin his cotton than
grind his corn. Negro labour is uncertain and less
productive than in slavery. More bales to the hand
were produced in slavery than by the hired free la-
bourer; as the latter, however, takes charge of him-
self and family, which the slaveowner had formerly
to do, the comparative cost of producing a bale is not
a settled question. The letters seem to agree in attri-
buting the dependence of the South on the north-
west for provisions mainly to the hog-hunting,
chicken-stealing, and other thievish propensities of
the black, which amount to a mania, and has
caused much concern in the South. The majority
deny the negro's accumulative power ; but the
Nation replies to this that the South, in a state of
freedom, is a far better market for manufactured
goods than before, when in a whole county of
Mississippi there was not a single store. When
" on shares" the negro works more steadily and
less wastefully, but allows the farm to get out
of repair in fences, building, and draining, and
wherever the crop is not affected. But on wages
he is idle, and has a tendency to sudden desertion.
On the whole, the pamphlet represents him, the
Nation thinks, like the untutored Caucausiau.
" For abhorrence of hard labour, his only match on
this side the water is his white neighbour. His
tendency to drift to the towns is shared in the
fullest degree by the Irish and French, and the
negro woman's love of finery and objection to large
families, as well as her manner of showing them, is
found in quarters to which we are too bashful to
' allude more particularly,' as the reporters say."

BUDGET OF PERSONAL.—The oldest theatrical
manager in America (in point of experience) is Benjamin
Do Bar,. of St. Louis, who is probably the wealthiest also.
John T. Ford, of Baltimore, is the second. His theatre
(the Holiday-street) is the oldest now existing, having
been built in 1812. J. H. M'Sricker (Edwin. Booth's father-
in-law), J. L. Wallack, Ben. De Bar, John T. Fold, and
Moses Kimball, of the Boston Museum, are the wealthiest
managers in America. —lgnatius Donnelly is very anxious
to be nominated for Governor of Minnesota. If " slang-
whanging" could get him the office we know no more likely
candidate.—Among the " matrimonial engagements"
recently announced is that of General Phil. Sheridan to

Miss Bessie Cheover, of Boston.—Vanderbilt, being im-
mortalized in bronze, it is now proposed to erect a statue of
Fisk, jun., in front of the New York Opera House.—Theo-
dore Tilton has promised Ida Lewis that she shall become
Secretary of the Navy when he becomes President. —An
enthusiastic New England lady wishes to wipeout the defeat
of thejlarvards, by a crew of American girls challenging an
equal number of English girls to row in American waters.—
Judge Jeremiah S. Black, of Pennsylvania, has brought
suit in the sum of $25,000 against the Louisville and
Nashville Railroad Company, for injuries sustained by him
(luring the summer.—F. E. G. Lindsay, Postmaster at Ra-
ven's Nest, Scott County, Va., was arrested and brought to
Richmond, September 7, for robbing the mails.—Baron
Gerolt, Prussian Minister to the United States, arrived
at Washington Sept. 8, from his tour through the States
of the North German Union.—Judge Gleeson, late United
States Consul at Bordeaux, is at the Metropolitan Hotel,
New York.—Mr SamuelG. Wheeler, jun., of Poughkeepsie,
New York, and Miss Isabella Sloan of Cold Spring, were
married
.in the Episcopal Church at Cold Spring on
the 7th of September inst.—The New York. Sun, re-
marks the Tribune, brings forward another editor as a
candidate for the Chinese mission. It is Mr. Geo. Wilkes
the proprietor of the Spirit of' the Time; and says :
"Wo are opposed to his appoiutment, and don't think
ho has any business to interfere between two such
political and literary giants as the editor of the
Tribune and the editor of The Times." We believe
George Wilkes is a candidate, and will get the appoint-
ment; but Horace Greeley is not, and would not accept it
if pressed on him, nor do we suppose would the newly-in-
stalled editor of the Times.—Henry T. Moore of the
Rutherford Park Hotel, highly-respected, and in good
circumstances, committed suicide by shooting himself on
tho 7th insta.nt.—Joseph Snyder, the murderer of Mr.
Carter, at Philadelphia, committed suicide in his cell,
Sept. 8, ty holding his head in a bucket of water.—The
leading spirit of Japan now is Satsuma, the Treasurer of
the Empire. Ile is the richest of the native princes, or
Diatnios ; adopts every improvement, arms his followers
with breech-loading rifles, has sent as many as 50 young
Japanese to be educated in various parts of Europe, and,
in a word, is a man of the times.—Senator Cole, of Cali-
fornia, has returned from St. Domingo, and gives a glow-
ing account of the desirability of Samana as an outpost for
our Government.—The Hon. C. H. Van Wyck of New
York was married to Miss Kate R. Broadhead, at the
Presbyterian Church, at Milford, Pennsylvania, on Wed-
nesday, Sept. 15. The wedding party, consisting of six
or eight persons, afterwards started for California, and