The Sun.
London, England, 1860-09-19 00:00:00

rni SUN, LONDON, WEDNESDAY EVENING, SEPTEMBER 19, 1860.

have been already accomplished. Remembering
the rapidity, however, with which the eight miles,
or thereabouts, have been substantially excavated
subterraneously to the north from the Mansfield-
road, at the foot of Hampstead-hill, to Old Ford on
the River Lea, it is enough for us to know that the
southern nine miles or thereabouts have been reso-
lutely taken in hand at the inane() of the Commis-
sioners.

It is particularly worthy of note that this impor-
tant question as to the course to be ultimately
chosen for the low level sewer to the mouth of the
River Thames, is held carefully in reserve
or suspense until such time as Parliament
shall have definitely settled the project of
a double line of Thames Embankments. "The
Board," quoth the report, " have on former
occasions expressed the opinion that it would, on
various grounds, be most important to construct the
sewers in conjunction with a Thames embankment;
but whether that can be accomplished or not de-
pends on the provision which may eventually be
made by Parliament for defraying the cost of the
embankment." A consideration this quite suffi-
cient of itself, we should imagine, to hearten our
metropolitan members on next session to the settle•
ment at last for once and for all, of this long inter-
mittently agitated project of constructing along the
Thames, from the Palace of Westminster to the
Tower of Julius, a double line of terraced embank-
ments. Until this ornate scheme shall have been
decided for or against conclusively, the Main Drain-
age of the metropolis must remain thus lamentably
interrupted. And the folly of any serious interrup-
tion to the Drainage of our vast and populous
capital may be most readily appreciated by bearing
in mind some of the Board of Works' latest calcu-
lations upon this as to the sum total of the moneys
expended during the year on Sewers and Drain-
age ! Comprising among the works thus effected
underground the cleansing of one hundred and
sixty-six miles of main sewer and works. of deodo-
rization—the epitome of the last report of the
Board shows an expenditure, within the twelve-
month, under these heads alone, of £209,698
10s. sd. ! In reference to this mention of " Deo-
dorization" as a simple item in the accounts, it is
especially worthy of observation that " the total
quantity of disinfecting material used dur-
ing the summer " for the simple purpose
of effecting the deodorization of the river
Thames comprised within it 4,281 tons
of chalk lime, 478 tons of chloride of lime,
and 56 tons of carbonic acid, at a cost in the
aggregate of £17,733 ! That is, of course, £17,733
sheer waste, poured into the river and washed out
to:sea during one summer tide—a monstrous waste,
from the recurrence of which we can alone be
saved in perpetuity by completing our new system
of Main Drainage, in combination with the build-
ing up of the Thames Embankment.

LATEST NEWS.

SURRENDER OF THE CITADEL OF
MESSINA.

The Rinnuovamento _Etaliana, of Palermo, an-
nounces that the Neapolitan garrison of the citadel
of Messina have evacuated the fortress and crossed
over to Calabria.

The following telegrams have been received at
Mr. Reuter's office :

MARSEILLES, SEPT. 17.

Letters from Rome assert that the Pope is about
to issue a manifesto calling upon the Catholic
Powers for assistance.

The same letters add that several detachments of
French soldiers have left Civita Vecchia in order to
abate the disturbances at Viterbo.

PARIS, SEPT. 18.

The Patrie and the Pays publish the following
"under reserve" :—" The last news announces that
General Lamoriciere, with 9,000 men, had made a
movement towards the Neapolitan frontier in order
to effect a junction with the Neapolitan soldiers
who remained under the command of the King.
The latter would then have 30,000 men at his dis-
posal:

NAPLES, SEPT. 15.
Fifteen thousand Garibaldians have gone to be-
siege Capua and afterwards Aversa.
It is said 50,000 Neapolitans are behind Vol-
turno.

ROME, SEPT. 16.
The telegraphic communication with Naples has
been interrupted.

The French Ambassador, the Duke de Gramont,
has officially announced to the Pope that diploma-
tic relations between France and Sardinia have
been interrupted.

Citta Piava, Castello, Orvieto, Perugia, Urbino,
Pesaro, Sinigaglia, Fano, and Fossombrone, have
been occupied by Sardinian troops.
The column under the command of General
Kangler, 1,000 strong, has returned to Ancona after
a hot fight with the Sardinian troops.
This morning General de Lamoriciere was at
Macerata, pursued very closely by Gen. Pimodan's
corps.

The Sardinian army is 40,000 strong.
Numerous free corps are menacing the Neapolitan

frontiers.
The brother of Monsignore Berardi has been
arrested at Velletri, and will be tried by a council

of war.

General Goyon will arrive at Rome to-morrow

PARIS, SEPT. 18.

The Moniteur of to-day contains the following :
" ALGIERS, Sept. 17.—Their Majesties have
arrived here. The sea passage was longer than
usual, on account of bad weather.

" The Bey of Tunis arrived here at noon, and
was received by their Majesties.
" One of the brothers of the Emperor of Morocco
is expected to arrive in the course of the day."

The Constitutionnel gives a categorical denial to
the reports that the islands of Sardinia and Elba
are to be ceded to France, as an indemnity for the
annexation of Naples and Sicily to Piedmont.

TURIN, SEPT. 18.

Up to the present time no foreign minister, with
the exception of Baron Talleyrand, has received
orders to quit Turin.
The 600 prisoners of war taken at Spoleto are
Irishmen, General Schmidt has arrived here.

FRANCE.

PARIS, TUESDAY,

The Imperial squadron, which left Ajaccio for
Algiers at noon on Saturday, passed Mahon, in the
island of Minorca, at 11 o'clock on Sunday

morning.

BOURSE, Sept. 18.—Dullness continues to be the
ruling characteristic of the market, prices remaining
as on the previous day. For the Account, Threes
are now at 67f 92-ic ; Mobilier, 677 f 50c ; Northern,
955 f ; Mediterranean, 888 f 75c ; Austrian and
Lombard, 463 f 75c. The following are the last
quotations :-
41 per per Cents ... 95 85 , Credit Fancier —
Do end month.... —' Belgian 4f 97 50
3 per Cents
Do. end. month 67 90 Roman -
Bank Shares 2800 —lAustrian
Credit Mobilier.... 677 50 Spanish Threes 47 75
Do. Account 676 25 ; Home Debt .. 461

The new principles of public law which you lay down in
your letter would be indeed sufficient to dispense me from
giving any answer at all, they being so contrary to those
which have constantly been acknowledged by all Govern-
ments and nations. Nevertheless, feeling deeply the incul-
pations cast upon the Government of his Holiness, I cannot
refrain from at once noticing the blame, as odious as it is
unfounded and unjust, pronounced against the troops be-
longing to the Pontifical Government; and I must add that
I find the pretension of denying the right, belonging to the
Pontifical Government as well as to any other, of having
foreign troops in its service, utterly unjustifiable. In fact,
many Governments of Europe have foreign troops in their
pay. On that subject it may be expedient to observe that,
owing to the character with which the Sovereign Pontiff is
invested as the common father of all believers, he ought to
be less subject to criticism than any other for receiving in
the ranks of his troops all who come and offer themselves
from the various parts of the Catholic world, for the de-
fence of the Holy See, and of the States of the Church.
"Nothing is more false or more insulting than to attri-
bute to the Pontifical troops the disorders which have taken
place in the States of the Holy See. There is no necessity
for asking, for history has already enregistered whence
came the troops who have violently constrained the will of
the people, and the artifices which have been made use
of for throwing into perturbation the greater part of Italy,
and ruining all that was most sacred both in right and in

justice.

" As to the consequences which it has been sought to
make weigh on the legitimate action of the troops of the
Holy See, to put down the rebellion of Perugia, it would
truly be more logical to throw that responsibility on those
who, from abroad, have excited the revolt ; and you know
perfectly well, Monsieur le Comte, where that outbreak
was concerted, whence were :derived money, arms, and
means of all kinds, and from whence instructions and
orders were sent to the insurgents.
" There is consequently reason for representing as
calumnious all that has been said by a party hostile to the
Government of the Holy See, as to the conduct of its
troops, and for declaring thatthe imputations cast on their
chiefs by the authors of proclamations of a nature to excite
dangerous fermentations are not less. Your excellency
concludes your painful despatch by inviting me in the name
of your Sovereign to immediately order the disarming and
disbanding of the said troor s. This invitation was accom-
panied by a sort of menace on the part of Piedmont, in case
of refusal, to prevent the action of the said troops by means
of the royal troops.
" This involves a quasi-injunction which I willingly ab-
stain from qualifying. The Holy See could only repel it
with indignation, strong in its legitimate rights, and ap-
pealing to the law of nature under the eagis of which
Europe has hitherto lived, whatever violence the Holy
See may be exposed to suffer, without having provoked it,
and against which it is my duty now toprotest energetically
in the name of his Holiness. With sentiments of conside-
ration, I am, &c.,

G. CARDINAL ANTONELLI."

"Rome, 11th Sept.

At the same time that the letter:of Count Cavoar
was presented, General Fanti, Minister of War of
his Sardinian Majesty, sent another to General de
Lamoriciere, commander-in-chief of the Pontifical
troops, couched in the following terms :

" AREZZO, Sept. 9.—Excellency, 11. M. King Victor
Emmanuel IL, who is so deeply interested in the happiness
of Italy, is greatly pre-occupied with the events which have
taken place in the provinces of the Marches and Umbria.
11. M. does not ignore that any manifestation of a national
character near the southern frontier of his kingdom, which
might be repressed by foreign troops not having between
them any tie of nationality, would inevitably produce a fatal
centre• coup in all his States. In consequence of these grave
considerations his Majesty has ordered a concentration of
troops on the frontiers of the Marches and of Umbria, and
has done me the honour to confide to me the superior com-
mand of them. He has at the same time ordered me to
make known to your Excellency that these troops will, as
quickly as possible, occupy the Marches and Umbria under
the following circumstances
" 1. If the troops under your orders were to employ force
to repress a national manifestation in any town of the
Marches and Umbria. 2. If the troops of which you have
the command were to receive orders to march on a town
in the same Pontifical provinces whenever a demon-
stration of a national character may take place. 3.
If a national manifestation were to take place in a town,
and be put down by your troops, the latter were not to be
immediately ordered away by you, so as to leave the town
free to express its wishes.
" No one better than your Excellency can understand
how the national feeling must revolt before foreign oppres-
sion ; and I feel confident that, by frankly and immediately
accepting the propositions which I have just made to you
in the name of the King's Government, you will spare the
protection of our arms to those provinces of Italy and the
disastrous consequences which may result from it.—Accept,
Excellency, Ste., " PANTS."

HOLLAND.
OPENING OF THE SESSION.

At one o'clock on Monday the King of Holland,
accompanied by the Princes of his household,
opened the Legislative Session, at the Hague, with
the following speech :

- -
Gentlemen,—lt is again granted to me to open your ses.
sion with a feeling of gratitude to Divine Providence.

Under His protection our dear country maintains that
rank which is assigned to it amongst other States.
•

Our relations with all the Powers are based upon a reci-
procal friendship.
Our land and sea forces continue to be placed in a posi-
tion more and more to fulfil the obligations which are im-
posed on them. The means which, by your co-operation,
have been allowed for the defences of the country are em-
ployed with circumspection. For a long time the neces-
sity has been felt of establishing new legal provisions re•
garding the obligation of the inhabitants to bear arms for
the maintenance of the independence of the State. A pro-
ject regulating the strength and the organisation of the
national militia will be immediately presented for your con-
sideration.

The sanitary condition of the inhabitants is improved.
My desire is, that the projects of law which will be sub-
mitted to you relative to the exercise of the medical art
may be found to act efficaciously.
There have been improvements in the sciences, lettres,
and beaux arts.

Notwithstanding the incessant rains, so prejudicial to
the existing crops, the harvest in general has not been less
abundant.

In the naval construction there is no appearance of a very
great activity, and the situation of arinatcurs has not im-
proved. On the other hand, the results of the great fishery
have been more favourable.

Commerce, although somewhat constrained in its move •
ments by the uneasiness which reigns in Europe, gives
nevertheless, rather satisfactory results. A very great
activity has been observed also in the usines and fabriques.
I continue to dedicate my entire solicitude to objects of the
highest interest to the country, as well as to all tho. e which
have relation to communications as much interior as inter-
national.

You will soon have to consider a simplified customs tariff,
by which I hope that the formalities which still exist in re-
gard to transit will disappear.
Immediately after the promulgation of the law upon the
establishment of railways, the preparatory works relating
to them were commenced. The telegraphic wires have been
extended. The north of Holland is connected with Fries-
land by a submarine cable.
The favourable situation of the Treasury enables me to
present to you shortly a project for the establishment of
new maritime routes to connect Amsterdam and Rotterdam
with the North Sea.

The product of the ways and means, so far as it may be
compared with that of anterior services, may be considered
as very satisfactory.

The situation of our possessions abroad is, according to
every report, satisfactory. By the courage and perseverance
of our land and sea forces the submission of Boni is accom-
plished, and the kingdom of Bangermassig is placed under
our direct administration. The increase of the population
and the prosperous condition of the Netherlandaise Indies
still confer great advantages upon the mother country ; but
a considerable portion of which is dedicated in such a man-
ner that we may reasonably hope for greater developments
still in those countries.

• That happy influence is being obtained, we may hope,
by the improvement in tho communications in the Indian
Archipelago, which we have taken care to augment and to
render more speedy, and to secure the navigation by a bet-
ter system of lighthouses on the coasts. New establish-
ments of public instruction and a marked improvement in
communications by land are not wanting in contributing
powerfully to such results.
A modified projet de lot for the suppression of slavery in
our West Indian colonies will be again presented to you for
your consideration. There are other objects still, gentlemen,
which aro not of a less importance in regard to which I shall
have to invoke your co-operation. But the safety of the
country depends not upon our common accord alone. May
the Almighty grant it.
I declare open the ordinary session of the Etats Generaux.

AMERICA.

SOUTHAMPTON, WEDNESDAY MORNING

The United States steamer Vanderbilt, Captain
Lefebre, from New York on the Sth inst., has ar-
rived off the Needles.

LIVERPOOL, WEDNESDAY,

The Montreal Ocean Company's steamer Nova
Scotian, which touched at Londonderry yesterday,
on entering the Mersey at 1 o'clock this morning,
went ashore in Bootle Bay, where she still remains.
She is being lightened.

Count Wimpffen is acting as charge d'affaires
during the temporary al.)sence of his Excellency Count
Apponyi,

THE OVERLAND MAILS.

By extraordinary express, in anticipation of the

Overland Mail, we have received letters and papn

of the following dates :—Bombay, August 24 ;
Calcutta, August 13; Shanghai, July 14:
The Bombay Gazette, August 24, says :

" The loss of Mr. Wilson leaves the Governor
General and the Supreme Government in a sad
state of perplexity. His place cannot be filled, and
now that Sir James Outram has gone home, there
is not, with the exception of. Sir Bartle' Frere—
himself a comparatively untried statesman—one

man in the Legislative Council in whom the peo-
ple have confidence. It is a most critical time,
and, as Sir Charles Wood has deeded that the
Indian Council are of no use at home, could
not the Government send out here some of the

men of ability and experience whose talents
are wasted at home, to look after the affairs
of this poor empire ? The citizens of Madras

have held a not very enthusiastic meting to peti-
tion for the appointment in the place of Sir henry
Ward of Mr. Morehead, who, as senior member of

Council, has had the singular destiny of becoming
acting-Governor of Madras twice within three

months.

" The libel case of Ramdiall v, The Proprietors
and Editors of the Ouclh Gazette, has been concluded

at Lucknow The judge, Mr. Fraser, gave a vote
against the defendants with Rs. 3,000 damages,
and Rs. 500 costs. As we only- know the result by
telegraph, and have not yet the judge's charge,
which is said to be exceedingly able and elabo-
rate, before us, it is impossible at present to
pronounce an opinion as to the justice of the
Oudh Gazette's charges. Half of the witnesses
swear one way, and half another ; and it is imps-
possible to knew whether Ramdiall is intended to
be the victim of a nefarious conspiracy, or whether
he has suborned witnesses to save him from the just
punishment of oppressive and iniquitous conduct.
As one of his witnesses sententiously observed,
' Those who are his friends will say Ramdiall did
not act unjustly; those who are his enemies will say
he did.' This appears to be the sole theory of right
and wrong among the natives; and how, with such
people, is it possible to get at the truth ?
" The Nizam is to be rewarded for his fidelity to
our Government by the restoration of the district to
the south of his dominions, the English retaining
possession of the Berar valley. His Highness will
likewise be presented with British manufactures to
the value of £lOO,OOO, and Salar Jung, his prudent
and faithful Minister, besides being most honourably
complimented by the English Government, obtains
a present of manufactures worth £30,000, and hopes
to rival Jung Bahadoor by acquiring a G.C.8.-ship.
" The Bombay United Service Institution, origi-
nated and patronised by Sir William Mansfield, has
become a great fact. Subscriptions are freely offered,
and a large library has already been given to the
institution, which, so far, is decidedly successful."
The Calcutta .Englishman of August 13 gives the
following account of the funeral of the Right Hon.
James Wilson :

" At half-past five yesterday afternoon the funera
of the Right Hon. James Wilson took place accord.
ing to the notification below. The funeral cortege
which assembled to pay this last tribute of respect
seemed to comprise almost the entire male Euro-
pean population, and many of the natives of rank
and influence in Calcutta. The son-in-law of the
deceased gentleman was the chief mourner, sup-
ported by Dr. Macrae, who had been his principal
medical attendant ; then followed his Excellency
the Viceroy, the Commander-in-Chief, the Lieute-
nant Governor, the judges and the civic members
of the Executive and Legislative Council, and a
long procession in which the military, the law, the
merchants, bankers, and commercial classes, all bore
witness in their grave demeanour to the general
esteem in which Mr. Wilson had been held, and the
universal sense of theimportance of the loss sustained
in his death. It was a subject of remark how greatly
Dr. Macrae appeared to be borne down by the sad
responsibility thrown upon him during the last
few weeks as Mr. Wilson's medical adviser ; but it
is known that whilst all that skill and unwearied
kindness could do for Mr. Wilson was done by Dr.
Macrae, to whose house he had been removed, and
by the medical gentlemen who came to his assist-
ance, still the resolution with which Mr. Wilson
refused to leave Calcutta, and the great work he had
in hand, until too far gone to permit of his removal,
exonerates his medical attendants from any possible
shade of blame in the matter; and, indeed, so much
was done to sustain his failing strength, that it was
not until the morning of the day on which he died
that all hope was relinquished. Whilst leaving the
sad scene we heard more than one remark, We
do not yet realise how much we have lost."
The Calcutta Gazette extraordinary of the 12th
ult. has the following notification:—
"Fort William, Home Department, Aug. 12.
" The Right Hon. James Wilson, Fourth Ordinary Mem-
ber of the Council of the Governor-General, died yesterday
at seven in the evening.
"The Governor-General in Council notifies to the corn-
xnunity with the deepest regret this mournful event and
great public calamity, and requests that the officers of
Government, civil and military, will attend the funeral of
the late Mr. Wilson, assembling for this purpose at No. 9,
Middleton-street, at half-past five o'clock this evening.
"His Excellency in Council has directed the flag of Fort
William to be lowered to half-mast high during this day,
and that fifteen minute guns be fired at the time of the
funeral from the ramparts of Fort William.
" By order of the Right Honourable the Governor Ge-
neral of India in Council, " W. GREY,
Secretary to the Government of India."

COMMERCIAL.

BOMBAY, Aug. 21.

. _
There is very little change to notice in our market, which
still exhibits a general sluggishness in all kinds of business.
The demand for imports continues languid, though the
business transacted since our last h,ls been somewhat larger
than that of the previous fortnight, but prices are generally
lower. The export market, especially in cotton, is quiet, in
consequence of the continued unfavourable advices from
Europe.
The inquiry for tonnage continues slack, and rates have
undergone a decline of from 5s to is 6d for Great Britain,
and Rs Ito 2 for China. The present quotations are—To
London, cotton, £2 10s to £2 12s 61; seeds, £2 7sto £2 10s.
To Liverpool, cotton, £2 lOs to £2 12s 6d ; seeds, £2 5s to
£2 is 6d. _

Money continues abundant. Government Securities are
the same as at the date of our last, with the exception of a
slight alteration in Five per Cents. The quotations are—
Five-and-a-Half per Cents., 1031 to 103 a ; Fives, 974 ; and
Fours, 84. Exchange has slightly improved, and there have
been transactions in Bank Bills at 2s Otd, and documents at
2s 015-16 d to 2s id for the mail leaving to-day. OnCalcutta
at three days' sight, rs. 101. On China, rs. 231 per 100 dols.