The Sun.
London, England, 1856-07-12 00:00:00

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LONDON, SATURDAY, JULY 12, 1856,

"Byre me from ray friends" has been a time-
honoured adage, even from the days of Jos to
the present hour. It has now received a new
and powerful illustration in reference to deeply-
injured Poland, and her long-suffering and mag-
nanimous children. She may, indeed, bitterly
feel the contemptuous indifference displayed
towards her at the Parisian Conferences when
her name was not even mentioned nor the
slightest allusion made to her manifold and almost
intolerable wrongs. This extraordinary silence on
the part of France and England was the more
remarkable, inasmuch as there had been a total
departure from the arrangements entered into at
the Congress of Vienna, which gave an un-
doubted right of remonstrance to the represen-
tatives of any Power that participated there-
ie. ; and, also, because there was no such
forbearance with respect to minor States,
the Governments of Greece and Naples hav-
ing been very properly censured for their gross
and: palpable misconduct, and a significant hint
was given to Belgium respecting its toleration of
what Count WALEWSKI was pleased to designate
as the undue freedom of the Press. But a total
and nnbruken silence was maintained respecting
Poland, which possessed the first claim on the
attention of the Conference, after the question
of War or Peace had been finally disposed of.
When fresh engagements were about to be con-
tracted, nothing could be more pertinent than an
inquiry into the manner in which those formerly
entered into had been fulfilled, and a demand for
redress with 4:aspect to any violation thereof.
We can, therefore, sympathise with the incre-
dulity displayed by the veteran Lord LYNDHURST,
in suppocing that the interesting and important
subject should be so completely shelved, or the
golden opportunity suffered to slip by without
observation or comment.
The Noble and L9arned Lord, in his lucid and
convincing argument, &early and distinctly ex-
plained the conditions on which alone Poland, or
rather a portion of Poland, was handed over to the
tender mercies of the then CZAR. It was expressly
stipulated that it " should remain a separate king-
dom--that it should never be incorporated with
the Russian Empire that its national institutions
should be preserved—that it should have a re-
presentative assembly, and that the administration
of the financial department of the army should
always be kept distinct !" Every solemnity that
could add weight to the obligation was observed.
The then Autocrat, ALEXANDER the First, swore
to the observance of these stipulations, which
constituted the foundation of his authority.
His successor, the late Emperor NICHOLAS, also
ratified the Treaty by an oath. But how did he
discharge the sacred duty thus imposed on him
Row did he fulfil the five points which he had
undertaken to respect ? Let Lord LYNDHURST
atiBWlYr :---"Regardless of the earnest remon-
stannees of the Allies, regardless of the
oath be ha:d taken, he incorporated the ter
ritory of Poland in the empire of Russia,
making it .an integral part of that empire.
From that period the Emperor NICHOLAS
passed a series of laws the object of which was to
extinguish the Polish name and character. The
works of art in the Palaoe at Warsaw were trans-
ferred to St. Petersburg. The two universities
of Warsaw and Wilea were totally abolished. The
national schools were either abolished or re-
modelled. Many thousands of the inferior order
of nobles were transported to distant parts of the
Russian empire. The language of Ramie was
ordered to be introduced in administering the
laws throughout the whole of Lithuania, and it
-wag ordered that in every school of the empire

population. All this t he law tolerates upon
Sundays, upon the fifty-t ego annual holidays of
the people—but obdurate 5- closes against those

who are earning their brea A by the sweat of their
brow on all the rest of thr p six days of every week,
such places as the Surrey Gardens, and the British
Museum, and the Natir 'Gall ery, and the Crys-
tal Palace I As thou ilia
the abomination of de Ib those p
.
eiously to keep laces were really
la I,tion ! 14'
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