The Sun.
London, England, 1856-04-24 00:00:00

THE PRECIOUS TREATY 1

We yesterday were enabled to present to our
subscribers and the public, not only the text of
cc The Precious Treaty"—the German Peace, that
has been forced on our aceeptanca—but a brief
abstract of its contents, sufficient to show that
which has been accomplished, but the far more
important matters that have been left undone.
The former bear a very trifling ratio to the latter
—as insignificant, indeed, as that displayed in the
memorable comparison between FALSTAFF'S sack
and bread. Parliament may have the opportu-
nity of expressing its opinion on the interesting
document which will probably, this evening, be
explained to both Houses. But official tardiness
has been in the present instance, as in every
other on record, forestalled by the activity of
"the Fourth Estate," and the anxiously-looked-
for intelligence has already been wafted on the
wings of the press throughout the length and breadth
{of the land, while those who should be the first,
will really be the last to receive the information.
It has already been declared by the First Lord
of the Treasury that the objects of the War have
•been fully accomplished—that the integrity and
independence of the Ottoman Empire have been
completely secured. If so, the four missing
artioles must be of a very comprehensive charac-
ter, for we can certainly not discover, after the
the closest investigation, anything to warrant
such an anticipation. It is true that the Black
Sea has been neturalised—on, paper ; but where
is the security for the performance of this obliga-
tion ? Russia is merely bound over in its own

recognisances to keep the peace. It gives no
efficient nor available guarantees. A very power-
ful transport service may be organised under the
14th Article; and a steam flotilla prepared,
under the name of " light vessels necessary
for the service of the Russian coast," quite
sufficient to convey an invading army
to the.vicinitv of Constantinople ani the Bospho-
rus at a short notice. No military-maritime

arsenal is to be constructed or preserved on the
coast. But it cannot be forgotten that, while
the Russian strongholds were exclusively for the
purposes of aggression, the Turkish forts were
\, merely for defence, and the dealing with all kinds

of arsenals and fortifications in the same manner
may lead to as untoward and inequitable results
as the quasi equal taxation of all kinds of incofhes.
Besides, Russia was the aggressor, and it is rather
hard that, in consequence of its unwarrantable
and indefensible policy, Turkey should be deprived
of the means of resistance by which it could
secure safety for its capital, until its distant Allies
were ready to send troops to its assistance. This

is the common•sense view of the subject, accord

ing to the bona fide and straightforward interpre-
tation of the Articles. But how do we know what

construction may be put forward by Russia, and
whether she may not be prepared to act on the hint
thrown out by her American sympathisers, and to
•t adopt a line of policy in which she has already
proved her self to be a skilful proficient.
We have heard of the importance of preserving
the honour of Russia intact ; because, forsooth
she may hereafter be the Ally of England ar-

rayed under the same banners in the cause of
Equity and of Order What is there in her an-
tecedents to lead to the supposition that she
would perform a part so chivalrous and magna-
nimous ? No, her efforts have ever been directed
towards the crushing of public opinion, the sub-
jugation of all who took up arms in the cause of
liberty and of civilisation. Her especial hatred
is bestowed on the free institutions of this coun-
try—England is her bete noir—she feels, and
with abundant cause, that but for England she
might have carried out her long-cherished designs,
that her standard might already have been floating
at Stamboul ; and, in pursuance of the policy in-
dicated by the crafty PETER, she will direct all
efforts against the Power by whom she has been
successfully resisted, and which may hereafter
still more effectually: thwart her inequitable de-
signs. She is far more likely in any future com-
plication—and the elements of disturbance are
rife—to be opposed to, than co-operating with,
Great Britain. Her undiminished resources,
when developed by British capital, will all be
directed against us. She is animated by no
morbid sentimentality, would find no reasons to
spare a fallen or falling foe ; and, should " the
hour of anxiety" arrive, it will probably be mate-
rially aggravated by the undiminished power of
Russia, the whole of which will be thrown into
the scale of the adversary, " whom it is impos-
sible to predict, and invidious to conjecture."
It would be well for Great Britain should Russia
be missing when the emergency arrives, and the
" self-preservation" of the United Kingdom is
involved in the result.

his paramour, break up that home, sell its con-
tents by auction, turn his wife to the door, rob her
of her children, and claim her future earnings as
his own, and yet we wonder that we have so many
wife-beaters—wonder that education does not
make rapid strides among our poor—wonder at
the low moral tone obtaining among them. No
doubt we shall be met with the assertion that the
husband needs protection not unfrequently against
the wife; but that is no reason why the wife should
be utterly at the mercy of the husband. Weakness
provokes oppression, and if we would put a period
to the brutalities inflicted on women by their hus-
bands we must at the outset place the sexes more
on an equality, so that the weaker shall be in a
position to command more respect. The cowardly
ruffian who lifts his arm against his domestic slave
would hesitate to strike a freewoman, his equal in
the sight of law. Our marriage laws need re-
vision, and revised they must be if we would have
education progress as it ought to ,do among us.
Women are the great educators—more than
schoolmasters or parsons ! Even with regard to
the punishment of their brutal husbands they have
hit the mark where lob-sided Legislators have
failed, and have indicated how women may best
be protected.

PEACE.-A VISION.

The gurtsi Peace is one to be deplored, not re-
joiced at. The tokens of mourning with which
the publication of the wretched abortion was sig-
nalised in our columns will be found far more ap-
propriate than the "illuminations" with which
the people are invited to recognise the un-
toward termination of the contest. A glorious
opportunity was afforded to England and to
Europe. It has been entirely disregarded. We
have not, even after all our sacrifices, after the
destruction of seventy-five thousand of the best
and bravest of our brethren, or the expenditure
of seventy-five millions of money, obtained either
honour or security. We have been made the
" laughing-stock" of the petty German States, who
can truly declare that we have exhibited the
physical force of lions combined with the intellect
of donkeys. And the knowledge that any aggres-
sor may at any time escape with impunity from
the consequences of his misdeeds will provoke
further outrages, and render further sacrifices
inevitable.

What have we done for Italy, for Poland, for
Hungary—for the oppressed nationalities in any
part of the world ? It is said that the terrible con-
dition of the former has been ventilated at the
Congress ; but only to be ignored in deference to
Austria, and the prevailing influence that renders
England but the handmaid of Germany. While
of th• latter we may paraphrase the lines of
MOORE, and exclaim—
"Oh, breathe not their name, let them rest in the shade,
Where cold and unhonoured their relics are laid,"
We have practically shunned " the stricken deer,"
and if the name of Italy has been mentioned,
it is solely owing to the prowess of Sardinia--
that lent weight to representations that would be
valueless if that make-weight, or as LOCKE terms
it, that " sanction," were wanting.
The time, however, has passed away. The
" light cloud has vanished from the face of the
moon." We can only-30 far as other nations
are concerned—lament the past, but we ma also
ascertain the causes that led to the infelicitous
result ; and, if the representatives of the really
independent constituencies be only true to them-
selves, take care that the actors in the fatal
transaction shall not escape with impunity from
the consequences o their misdeeds.

We confess to being in some sort taken captive
by " the WIGFIELD." There is an energy and a
purpose about that redoubtable ohampion of Bri-
tish wifehood decidedly fascinating. Right or
wrong, she is thoroughly in earnest in the expo-
sition of what she conceives to be the rights and
wrongs of her class, and in her indignant protest
against the law-makers. Few big-wigs talk more
to the purpose for their clients ; hardly any with
so much sincerity and determination. The man-
ner in which the good lady wigged the irreverent
reporters, "Como, young man, attend to your
paper," for instance, and the startling rebuffs with
which she electrified the placidly suggestive red-
tapist, Mr. EMERY—who, having the conduct of
the proceedings, had the assurance to put her
right—may not have been in the happiest taste,
and possibly suggest aji abundance of vitality
for which the Mr. WIGFIELDS of society are not
sufficiently grateful ; but there can be no doubt
she made out a strong case for her clients, the
details of which, no less certainly, were of a nature
well calculated to develope an exciteable idiosyn-
cracy. The wrongs on which she dwelt were "at
her heart," and possibly it were in better taste to
grieve over the cause of her public appearance
than to complain of any little aberrations she may
have made from conventional propriety. An im-
perfectly-educated woman, conscious of a stern
necessity for speech, sensitively alive to the jus-
tice of her cause, and possibly directly or indi-
rectly a victim to the grievous tyranny and injus-
tice she would have abolished, is, after all, not to
bs judged by the same rosthetical canon applied
to a stolid " ten-pounder" or a lady of education
and genius.
We say the grievous tyranny and injustice she
would have abolished, for grievous tyranny and
injustice there is. We should as soon find, as some
have done, in the grotesque grimaces and contortions
of the negro writhing under the yoke of his in-
human taskmaster an argument for slavery, as in
any little femininities at the Leicester meeting a
motive for disguising what we conceive to be the
troth. " Women's rights," women such as we
have heard of in America, we hold sufficiently
cheap ; but Mrs. WIGFIELD is not of that sort.
She but speaks in homelier language, and with
less cultivated feeling, what has gone to the heart
of many a strong man unused to the melting
mood from another of her sex. There may be
individuals who can see no injustice in the legal
slavery of one-half of the married population,
being blinded, possibly, by the fact that nature,
which gave woman persuasion, gave her a talisman
generally potent against the tyranny of lay. We
shall not attempt just now to convince these ; we
will merely put the question—ls it either politic or
right that the existing laws in relation to married
women should continue as they are At the
present moment we have, as a people, earned an
unenviable notoriety for the prevalence of wife-
beating among us. We are all ashamed of it—.
our blood boils to hear of the frightful outrages:
committed by miscreant husbands on their
wives. Deny it who may, the slavish
condition of the sex in its married rela-
tions is, more or less, at the bottom of it all.
We suffer the wife who by her industry has made
her family a home to be utterly at the mercy of
her husband, who, if a sot or idle profligate, may,
to indulge his appetite, or gratify the caprice of

THE SUN, LONDON, THURSDAY EVENING, APRIL 24. 1856.

LAW INTELLIGENCE.—(This Day.)

COURT OF COMMON PLEAS.

(Sittings in Banco, before Lord Chief Justices Jervis,
Cresswell, Crowder, and Willes.)
HAWKER V. SEALE, BAET. -ORME. CON.
Mr. Slade, Q.C., and Mr. Kerslake appeared in sup-
port of a rule for a new trial in this case, which was an
action of crini. con. brought by the plaintiff, a solicitor
of Plymouth, against the defendant, a baronet, residing
at Dartmouth, and an officer in the South Devon Militia,
for criminal conversation with the plaintiff's wife, from
whom he separated shortly after their marriage. The
Attorney-General was heard on Monday against the
rule. The defendant to-day rested his application for
new trial on the ground of surprise, and that be was
now in a position to show that Perin du Marche, on
whose evidence the adultery was proved, was a person
not worthy of belief.
The learned judges were unanimous in opinion that
no new trial ought to be had, and discharged the rule.
Rule discharged accordingly.

THE COTTON AND WOOLLEN TRADES.

(FROM OUR OWN CORRESPONDENT.)

The opinions we expressed on Monday, in respect to
the cotton trade of Manchester, have been confirmed by
the upward tendency in the Liverpool market of the
sales of cotton there, and also by advanced prices in cot-
ton yarn in the Manchester market. In Liverpool on
Monday and Tuesday the advance reached id. per lb., and
at that rise the sales were large. The advancing prices
in the cotton market are, nevertheless, looked upon by
a large number of buyers with some distrust, as not
justified by any sound reason, and therefore con-
siderable caution is exercised. The said material
is, however, becoming dearer and dearer, and spin-
ners and manufacturers generally, who have large
engagements on band, maintain a firm position. Calico
printers, home-dealers, and some foreign houses are
buying freely various kinds of goods, at slightly ad-
vanced prices. It is stated that 47,000 bales of cotton
have changed hands since Friday last, at an advanced
price. The present crop cannot at present be correctly
determined upon, so that any calculation as to its amount
would be merely speculation, and perhaps fallacious.
The receipts up to the present time are, however, ascer-
tained to be 2,907,000 bales.
The Yorkshire wool market is giving to the manufac-
turers some uneasiness, as upward prices of the raw ma-
terial are anticipated. Stocks of manufactured goods are
nearly exhausted, and the demand continues with little
if any abatement.
Confidence in the manufacturing districts is being
rapidly restored by the indications offered on the part of
Russia to deveiope its own vast productive resources,
and to cultivate with energy and skill the beneficent
arts of peace. This feeling is materially strengthened
by the growing belief that the peace will be permanent.
Such opinion is grounded also on the reports that the
continental Powers are desirous of showing how warmly
they approve of a pacific policy, and that they are all
about to place their military forces on a peace footing.
Looking at these facts, and to the advantages which
this country is now likely to derive from a closer rela-
tionship with Turkey, 'a very general impression prevails
that an enlarged trade may reasonably be anticipated.

,SCOTT RUSSELL'S GREAT EASTERN
STEAMER.

The new number of the Quarterly Review has an
article entitled the "Triton and the Minnows," de-
voted to a wholesale laudation of this leviathan, whose
dimensions are illustrated by some curious examples.
It is said that ten water-tight bulk-heads, 60 feet
apart, divide the ship transversely ; whilst two longi-
tudinally iron wails, 33 feet apart, traverse 350 feet
of her leLgth. If we could take Mivart's Hotel, and
drop it into one of these ; take Farrance's, and
drop it into the second ; take Morley's at Charing-
cross, and fit it into a third ; and adjust the Great
Western Hotel, at Paddington, and the Great Northern,
at King's-cross, into compartments four and five, we
should get some faint idea of the accommodation to be
afforded. Each compartment will be a distinct hotel,
with its splendid saloons, upper and lower, of 60 feet
in length, its bedrooms, its kitchen, and its bar. The
" big-ship" is destined, be it rerstmbered, to carry
800 first-class, 2,000 second-class, and 1,200 third-
class passengers, making a total of 4,000 guests, inde-
pendent of the crew. The total length of the vessel will
be 692 feet.

MONEY MARKET

AND
COMMERCIAL INTELLIGENCE.

CITY, Two o'CLocK.

The Liverpool Cotton Market yesterday closed
very firmly, at an advance of /d. per lb. The sales
were 15,000 bales, (2,000 for export and 5,500 on
speculation,) comprising 12,000 American, 170
Pernam and Maranham, 6id. to 7d.; 500 Bahia,
6FI. ; 400 Egyptian, 7d. to 91d. ; 2,5G0 Surat,
44d. to sd. ; and 250 Sea Islands, ls. to 2s. 2d.
per lb. There was little change to notice in the
aspect of the Railway Share Market.
Advices from Marseilles report favourably upon
the wool and cotton markets during the past week.
Wool maintains its price with great firmness, and
the sales by public auction during the week were
attended by a larger assemblage than usual of
country buyers ; while the competition created a
lively market with an advance in prices. The sales
comprised 210 bales of Buenos Ayres fine washed
wools at 3f. 10c. to 4f. 45c. per kilo., and 40 bales
of metis at 2f. sc. to 3f. 60c., 23 ditto commoia
from If. 65c. to if. 70c. per kilo., 32 in grease from
78f. to 81f. 50c. per 50 kilos., and 55, mixed
ditto from 51f. to 65f. In private sales 20
bales of fine Persian washed changed hands
at 122 f. 50c. ; and 19 Patras, in grease, at
57f. 50c. per 50 kilos. The cotton market was
active, with an upward movement in prices, and a
larger supply than usual of American qualities.
The sales included 2,200 bales 'of different sorts,
which were disposed of at 79f. 25c. to 90f. per 50
kilos. for delivery, being a little higher than the
ruling prices at Havre. In other sorts the busi-
ness done included 50 bales Jemel at 110 f., and
172 bales St. Domingo at 72f. At the sale by
auction one party realised for 202 bales of Carolina
69f. 50c. to 84f. In the grain market there was a
better business doing ; and telegraphic advices to-
day mention that wheat is rising in price at the
Marseilles market.

The advices from New York, by the Atlantic,
received this morning, state that the Money Mar-
ket there was without any material alteration ; but
the various banking establishments were limiting
their discount operations. The canals and lakes
would most likely be navigable at an early period,
and large supplies of produce would then arrive
from the interior. As large supplies of breadstuffs
were expected the markets for these staples had
become depressed. Speculative securities were
rather active, but the quotations tended down-
wards.

The Funds continue at almost nominal quota-
tions, and although the particulars of the Treaty
of Peace have had no prejudicial influence upon
the market, there is nevertheless a disposition to
suspend speculative operations for the present.
The unfavourable effect which the publication
of the terms might have created has, how-
ever, in some degree, been counteracted by
the comparative easiness of the money market,
notwithstanding the payment of the final instal-
ments on the Loan and funding of Exchequer Bills.
Consols have remained at 93 to 93i for money, and
at 933 for account, all the morning. The New Three
per Cents, are 92)2- and the Reduced Annuities
91i to 92. The March Exchequer Bills are Is. to
3s. premium, and the June ditto 3s. discount to
par.

In the foreign market very little business has
been done and the quotations rule flat in conse-
quence. Most of the South American securities
are neglected, but Brazilian 5 per Cents. (Roths-
childs) have been marked 100, and the Equador
New Consolidated 15k. Sardinian Bonds are
firmer, viz., 958, but Spanish 3 per Cents. are
heavy at 444. Turkish 6 per Cents. are weaker at
98 to 93i, and the Ditto 4 per Cents. at 1014.
Dutch 4 per Cents. have risen to 94.
The last week's railway receipts, ascertained up
to this day, are in round figures as under :

Great Western

North-Western

South-Western

Brighten
Midland
South-Eastern

1856.
... £24,705

53,932

14,610

12,052
29,468
16,256

1855.
£27,300

Caledonian .

56,189

11,190

15,351

Great Northern .

22,500

14,343
27,940
18,042

10,914

20,215

Lancashire and Yorkshire
Bristol and Exeter

21,363
5,942

Cheiter and Holyhead
London General Omnibus Comp
Manchester, Sheffield, and Lincoln
North Stafford

19,356
6,205

14.

Oxford, Worcester, and Wolver....
Edinburgh and Glasgow
Aberdeen and Scottish Midland
Glasgow and South•Westeru
Northern of France

Great Western of Canada

5,136
8,582
9,004
7,006

5,027
8,799
6,184

3,287
5,242
3,457
5,740
34,888

13,344

8,006
4,753
3,123
5,170
34,790

10,129

The following are the nominal prices of Foreign
Stocks :—Grenada Deferred Bonds, 71 ; Mexican,
22i ; Peruvian, 77 79 ; ditto 3 per Cents., 54
56 ; Portuguese 4 per Cents., 48 50 ; Russian
5 per Cents., 104 6 ; ditto 4i per Cents., 94 6 ;
Spanish 3 per Cents., 45 ; ditto Deferred, 24 ;
ditto Certificates, 51 6 ; ditto Passive, 71.
There is scarcely any alteration to notice in the
condition of the English. Share Market, but a few
of the leading lines command rather fuller quota-
tions. The Foreign Shares are very dull, but
steady.

For Mining, Banking, and. other shares there is
very little inquiry.

100
100
61s.
all
all

BRITISH FUNDS THIS DAY.—CLOSING PRICES.
Froli the Offzial List.)

BIN I nas• done.
3 per Cont. Redzcad Annuitiap 9li 2
3 per Cent Consols Annuities-. 93 k
ti-371 3 per Cent. Annuities
5 per Cent. Annuities.
Long Annuities, expire sth Jan. 1860 —
Ditto 30 Years, expire 10th Oct., 1859 3
Ditto 30 Years, expire sth April, 1885 l7 116 k
C ~.sots tor Account
Exchequer Bills, 41. March. June.
£IOOO
£5OO
greall
Ditto Bonds, 1858, 3i per Cont.. 9Bi $
Ditto, 1859
PRICES OF FOREIGN FUNDS THIS DAY.
Brazilian Bonds, 5 per Cent.
Ditto 5 per Cent. (Rothschild's)
Equador Bonds
Ditto New Consolidated. .
51axican 3 per Cent
Ditto Account
Sirdinian Bonis, 5 per Cent.
Ditto Account
Spaniel Bowls, 3 per Cent —
Ditto Account 44i
Ditto New Deferred, 3 per Cent.
Ditto Account
Turkish Bonds, 6 per cent —
Ditto Account 931 Wad
Ditto Guaranteed, 4 per Cent.
Ditto Account
Dividends on the above .sayable In London. .
Dutch Exchange, 2i per. Cent., 12 Gail...
Ditto 4 per Cent. Certificates
THREE O'CLOCK.
Consols, money 93
Ditto Account (May 8) 93k i

CRYSTAL PALACE.—ONE SHILLING DAY, APRIL 23.
—Admissions on payment, 3,570 ; ditto by season
tickets, 719 ; total visitors, 4,289.
WIFE BEATING.—The Mayor of Oxford, at the City
C.mrt, on Friday, sentenced one of his own servants
named William Whiting, to six months' imprisonment,
and ordered him, at the expiration of that period, to
find sureties for his good behaviour, for kicking and
beating his wife in a most disgraceful manner.
THE EXHIBITION OF 1851.—The third report of th
Exhibition Commissioners of 1851 to Sir Geo. Grey was
issued yesterday to the public. This document princi-
pally refers to the exertions which have been made to
develope schools and museums of practical science, and
to the constitution of the present department of science
and art. The report also touches on various incidental
topics.
FIRE AT STRATFORD.—Between the hours of one and
at Harrow-bridge, Stratford, by the outbreak of a fire
two o'clock on Tuesday considerable sensation was created
on the extensive premises of Mr. J. Hodson's colour
works. The fire was discovered raging in the drying-
rooms. Mounted police started for the engines be-
longing to Watling-street, Jeffrey. square, and White-
cross-street, which speedily arrived, and with a good
supply of water the fire was extinguished, but not
until the drying-rooms were burnt out. Cause is un•
known. Contents not insured ; building insured.
A letter from Rome, in the Debats, says :--" Cardinal
Patrizzi will proceed from Rome to Paris for the bap-
tism of the Prince Imperial. His imminence will be ac-
companied by two archbishops. The Pope wil send a
handsome dress for the baptism in a splendid box, which
is now being manufactured for the occasion. He also
sends a fine reliquary, and will add to the golden rose
intended for the Empress, and which is generally sent
alone, a magnificent gold cup enriched with precious
stones,"

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