The Sun.
London, England, 1860-04-23 00:00:00

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The Vanderbilt steamship Illinois, Capt.
which left New York on the 1111 inst., has

PRICE 4D. STAMPED, 5D

TILE ATLANTIC ROYAL MAIL ST.EAIII
NAVIGATION COMPANY.

—.-
On Saturday the— Connaught, the first of four mail
express steamships, of great power and speed, for
the Atlantic Royal Mail Steam Navigation Com-
pany, two building on the Tyne and two at Hull,
was launched from the building yard of Messrs.
Palmer and Co., at Jarrow, to run from Galway,
via Newfoundland, to New York. The Connaught
is a magnificent vessel, the largest yet launched in
the waters of the Tyne, and it computed that ,she
will run nearly 20 miles an hour. Her length is
378 feet, and 360 between perpendiculars ; her beam
is 40 feet, over all 71 feet 6 inches ; her depth of
hold is 30 feet. She is constructed with d. ,spar
deck, sti night stem and elliptic stern, and built on
the wave line principle. She carries her floor well
aft, which will give great steadiness and buoyancy
at a high rate of speed. She is built in water-tight
compartments of extraordinary strength ; and some
idea of the superiority and safety of this principle
may be formed from the fact that should 40 feet of
her bow be carried away by collision, she would
still float on an even keel without risk. By an im-
proved arrangement of the stringers, keelson, beams,
&c., great longitudinal strength is obtained, while
the transverse frames are doubled. The Connaught
is throughout double, and in some places treble-
rivetted. The saloon for the accommodation of first-
class passengers is fitted up in the most elegant and
substantial manner, -and the state rooms are ex-
ceedingly comfortable and convenient. The
horse-power of the engines is 800 nominal, and
they are on the oscillating principle. The
boilers are eight in number, constructed on the
most approved plan, and with a total heating sur-
face of 20,000 square feet. They are heated through
40 furnaces. The new principle of superheating, or
drying, the steam has been adopted by Beardmore
and Galloway's patent. The paddlewheels are 34
feet diameter, and made with feathering floats, 12
feet long by 4 feet 8 inches diameter. At 4 o'clock,
about the time for launching an immense concourse
of people were gathered together on the banks of
the river, and the river was also crowded with
loaded steam-boats and other craft. Nearly all the
leading inhabitants of the town and district
were present in the yard. The vessel, after
the ceremony of naming by Mrs. Charles Palmer,
glided off the ways into the stream amid the cheers
of the people. After the launch a large party dined
with the directors of the company, and the Messrs.
Palmer, the draughting rooms of the works being
fitted up as a dining-hall. Mr. Charles Palmer oc-
cupied the chair, and was supported by Lord Bury,
Mr. J. 0. Lever, and other directors of the com-
pany, the Mayor, Sheriff, and Vicar of Newcastle,
Mr. Alderman Philipson, Alderman Bell, and other
gentlemen. Among the speakers were the Mayor
aid Vicar of Newcastle, Mr. Lever, and several
gentlemen connected with steam navigation and
the iron trade. The proceedings terminated with
a grand ball.

LIVERPOOL, SUNDAY EVENING.

PRIVATE PROPERTY IN TIME OF

11TAR.

The following letter, expressing the views of Pre-
sident Buchanan on this subject is published in the i
American papers. It is addressed to the Chairman
of New York Chamber of Commerce :
"Washington City, March 31.
" To P. Petit, Esq.—My dear Sir,—Your favour
of the sth inst., inclosing the able and interesting
report and resolutions of the Chamber of Commerce
of New York, in favour of the perfect immunity'
(from capture) of all private property upon the
ocean in time of war, was duly received and referred
to the State Department. It has since occurred to
me that the respect so eminently due to the cham-
ber requires that I should address to you a few re-
marks in answer.
" War is a dreadful calamity, shocking to hu-
manity, and ought to be avoided by all honourable
means; but while mankind continue in their pre-
sent state it will sometimes be inevitable. If, wit h
the small but gallant naval force of this country we
should be driven into a war with a nation possess-
ing a navy far more numerous and powerful than
our own, we should then be in a comparatively
helpless condition without the aid of privateers.
We might with almost as much propriety agree to
abandon our system of volunteer militia, and trust
alone to the regular arms for our defence on the
land, as to deprive ourselves of the services of pri-
vateers, which are our volunteers and militia upon
the ocean. Besides, privateers may be strictly
guarded from abuses by law, and be restrained
within the rules which govern our regular navy.
" Neither would the abandonment of war against
private property upon the ocean of itself afford free-
dom and security to our commerce. In order to ac-
complish this object we must proceed a step further,
and obtain the consent of the powerful naval na-
tions that merchant vessels shall not be blockaded
in port, but be suffered to pass the blockading
squadron and go out to sea. If these should remain
blackaded in our harbours, there would be compa-
ratively but little private property on the ocean to
protect. A powerful fleet, by blockading the mouth
of the Chesapeake, could effectually prevent any
merchant vessel from going to sea from any port in
that noble bay or its tributaries. So in regard to
New York, New Orleans, &c.
" If the proposition to abolish war against private
property on the mail were combined with a propo-
sition to secure to merchant vessels a perfect immu-
nity from blockade in any port, then the subject
would be well worthy of serious consideration.—
Yours respect fully,

"JAMES BUCHANAN."

TILE ENGLISII IN EGYPT.

CAIRO, April B.—On the night of the 4th a most
disgraceful scene occurred in the Great Mosque, in
the citadel, which has led to the closing of the
Mosque of Cairo against Europeans. The Indian
and Australian travellers, on their way through
Cairo to Suez, took the opportunity of visiting the
Great Mosque, built by the late Viceroy, Mahommed
Aalee. During the Ramadan it is illuminated, and
being the anniversary of the death of the founder,
who lies interred there, his son, the new Viceroy,
was present in state. Some f our countrymen,
having previously indulged in " potations pottle
deep," presented themselves at the door of the
mosque in anything but a state of sobriety, and
having been admitted with every possible courtesy,
repaid it, first, by obtruding themselves into the
vice-regal circle, where they amused themselves by
mimicking the dervishes and others who were per-
forming the rites of their religion around the tomb
of the founder, and then proceeded to demonstrate,
by all means in their power, their contempt for Mos-
lem religious observances; this naturally incensed
the congregation, and that to such an extent as to at-
tract the attention of theViceroy,who sent his equerry
Mohammed Beg to expostulate, and request them
to remember they were in a place dedicated to the
service of God, and that they ought either to be-
have with becoming decency and propriety or with-
draw, as the Viceroy could not otherwise be an-
swerable for the excited fanaticism of his subjects.
His recommendation was insolently disregarded,
and, the irritation assuming a threatening aspect,
Mahommed Beg was obliged to surround the party
by cavasses in order at once to protect them and
get them out of the mosque. We forbear for obvious
reasons to mention the names of these travellers
who thus outraged public opinion, and insulted in
the presence of the Viceroy the memory of his,
father and the religion which he professes. We re-
gret to add that an English lady (?) was foremost
in this disgraceful affair. We may take this oppor-
tunity of oserving that the conduct of the Indian
cadets cannot be otherwise dsignated than as sys-
tematically disgraceful in their passage through
Egypt, and has become a matter of complaint and
representation to the British authorities in Egypt.
From the moment they land they commence a sys-
tem of outrage from the railway station in Alexan-
dria to their arrival in Cairo, where they issue forth
armed with sticks in gangs to commit disturbances,
which they continue until their embarkation at
Suez. It is sincerely to be trusted, for the mainte-
nance of the reputation of the British character,
that the Indian authorities in London will insist on
decorous conduct in future, and enforce it under the
penalty of forfeiture of the commission which they
disgrace, in the first case of misbehaviour that may
be represented home by the British authority here.
,n. 1- •

THE' PENINSULAR MAIL.—The Behar arrived at
Southampton yesterday • h
wit the Peninsular mails.
She
left Lisbon on the 17th inst., and Vigo on the 18th. She
brought home 22 passengers, and 4,300 packages of fruit,
eggs, potatoes, &c.. 1 he Behar experienced strong
northerly
and north-easterly gales on her homeward passage. There
were two Dutch frigates and the usual Portuguese sisudron
in the Tagus. The royal yacht Victoria
Lisbon on the 15th inst., and her Majesty's ships T 1
of ar,
Centurion, and Diadem, on the 16th. Her Mjesty
steamer Pluto was at Vigo. The Oneida, with the of t said
Brazil mail, left Lisbon on the 13th inst. The Behar pa. s d
the Tagus at 10 p.nl. on the 19th.
THE CUCKOO.—This pleasant harbinger of spring
was both heard and seen by several persons at Calder Vale,
near Garstang, on Tuesday, the 17th instant. It is uncom-
monly, early for this stranger, considering the very back-
. Wikrd A9SORI—A-CnN Iltfrft4l7.

El\T S PA PER

$
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'fir. II S
Griffin,
arrived.

She brings 50 passengers, 100,000 dol.s. in specie
for England, and 200,380 dols. Dor France.
The Illinois experienced heavy easterly gales
throughout the passage.
Her news has been anticipated.

The Royal Mail steamer Arabia, Captain Stone,
which left New York on the alt i inst., has arrived.
She brings 50,000 dols. in speck.
The following steamers had arrived out :—The
Niagara, on the 7th, and the Balbec (Baltic ?) on
the 9th inst.,bothnt Halifax; flak Prince Albert on
the 9th, at St. John's; the An,glo-Saxon on the
10th, at Portland.
The Senate had instructed the committee on
foreign affairs to inquire by what authority the
United States naval forces captured the Mexican
war steamers near Vera Cruz.

A bill had been reported for the more effcctu 11
suppression of the slave trade. The House of Re-
presentatives had called on the President to give
full information relative to the slave trade.
The majority of the committee on the President's
recent message, protesting against the action of the
hcruce in ordering an investigation into the con-
duct of the administration, had made a report dis-
senting from the President's views, and assorting
the right of the house to make the contemplated in,
vestigation.
The minority of the committee had also made a
report sustaining the President's position.
The negotiations relatiye.to the San Juan question
were making slow progres.
Adviccs from Vera Cruz reach to April 1. The
city was quiet. It was reported that Miramon
was en route for the capital.

The amount of damage by the bombardment of
Vera Cruz was estimated at 5,000,000 do's., but
this was considered an exaggeration.
The United States steamer Indianola had cap.
tured a barque belonging to Marin's expedition
while under Spanish colours.
A Mexican schooner had also been captured.

The decree banishing the American residents
and confiscating their property, had been published
at the capital.
The steamer with the San Francisco mail of the
20th March, and 1,146,000 dols. in gold, had reached
New York. News unimportant. A Japanese cor-
vette had arrived at San Francisco, and the Pow-
hattan, with the Japanese ambassadors, was hourly
expect ed.
Bolivia continued her warlike preparations
against Peru.

lIAvANA, April 2.—Business dull. Sterling ex-
change, 13 to 131.
COMMERCIAL INTELLIGENCE.

The New York money market was unchanged.
Stocks were dull, but closed steadier. Sterling
exchange quiet at 109 a to 1091.
Cotton firm and in good demand. Breadstuff
buoyant and dearer. Naval stores dull. Provisions
drooping. Freight dull.
NEW ORLEANS, April 9.
Cotton market steady and firm, middling, 101 c.