The Sun.
London, England, 1860-01-16 00:00:00

THE TRADE OF /VA GASAKL

(Fro;n the China Mail of Nor. 17.)
The following interesting and detailed account
of the trade at Nagasaki, up to the time of the rati-
fication of the English treaty, has been translated
for us from the Dutch :

Decima, July 4, 1859.
During the working of the Dutch additional
articles, signed at Nagasaki on the 16th October,
1857, this port has been visited by 149 foreign
vessels, including those that made more than one
voyage.
Among these were 45 mon-of-war (12 British, 3
French, 10 American, 8 Russian, 12 Dutch).
Of the merchant vessels 30 were under Dutch
colours (including the 2 screw-steamers Yeddo and
Nagasaki delivered to the Japanese Government),
English 58, American 25, Russian 1, Danish 1,
Chinese 4—total number, 119 merchants vessels.
The authorities have not yet been able to give
with the same accuracy the number of tons of all
these vessels. Likewise, it was impossible to pre-
pare complete tables of imports and exports.
The Danish ship Wilhelmine was not allowed to
trade, and the Chinese steamer Confucius was also
denied this privilege.
The three Chinese junks have traded on the old
contract of the Chinese factory. All the other fo-
reign merchant vessels have been admitted on the
Dutch additional articles, except the Russian vessel,
a whaler, which was admitted on the Russian addi-
tional articles.
As to the admittance of foreigners, the authorities
of Nagasaki have adopted the rule only to take
notice of the flag of the arriving ships, and not to
inquire after the nationality of each foreigner.
Consequently a great variety of foreigners were
seen freely circulating and establishing. They ap-
plied to the Governor of Nagasaki for houses, and
as long as there was occasion for it, rented dwA-
lings and warehouses, lying on the waterside.
These were principally chosen among those that
were secluded, and a guard of underbangoos was
stationed in each separate quarter. In this manner
the foreigners of Nagasaki continue to live to the
present day, and they seem to get along wonder-
fully well with the little comfort that Japanese
houses offer. The want of warehouses was felt
everywhere, and even at Decima, especially after
the fire of the Bth of March.
Some warehouses at Nagasaki were then let to
Dutch subjects, and some have been lodged in a
temple within the city. Another quarter at Inasja
was let to the firm of Spregler and Co.
Among the persons requesting permission to
settle at Decima, there were a few foreigners be-
longing to firms at Batavia. Those that could prove
that they had applied for acts of naturalisation
in Holland were allowed to build dwellings and
warehouses. Other foreigners were not permitted
to reside at Decima. As nothing yet is settled
about a general foreign settlement, and as the rent
is still paid by he Netherlands Indian Govern-
ment, this restriction was deemed most necessary.
As soon as a site for the foreign settlement is
chosen, Dutch subjects will be at liberty to settle
there too. The opinion is unanimous that a gene-
ral and mixed establishment is far more preferable
than separate quarters for every nation. The plan
was tried at Shanghae in the beginning, but had
soon to be given up.
The authorities of Nagasaki evidently did not
expect such a rapid extension of the foreign trade,
nor were the native merchants prepared for it. The
grievances complained of were—want of prahus for
loading and discharging, the little activity on the
part of the custom-house officers, &c., the slow pro-
viding of drinking-water, the thefts of the coolies,
and the connivance of the police. The prices of
import articles fell considerably, and in the same
the export articles rose in price. At present many
of the grievances have been gradually redressed ;
more energy is displayed, but the police remain
backward. _ _

•
The number of Japanese junks arriving at Naga-
saki has very much increased, and articles fit for
the Chinese markets were brought in a sufficient
quantity. But the prices of imported goods did
not ameliorate, so that in many cases dollars were
imported to make the purchases. They were
changed at the money-changers against paper
money, which was immediately to be paid in native
coin to the Japanese holders. Very soon' many
difficulties about this manner arose ; the money-
changers teeing the impossibility of continuing
this, at one time ceased to exchange at all. This
affected the trade and caused a suspension, which
has only been ended by granting the money-
changer a delay of two months for the paper he
exchanged against dollars. This event very natu-
rally caused the paper-money to be a little depre-
ciated in value, but the trade went on, and many
transactions took place.
The few articles fit for the markets of Europe and
the Indian Archipelago are known to everybody.
Lately raw silk has been brought into the market,
and is very likely to become within a few years an
important article of commerce. There are a few
other new articles, very fit indeed, but still of too
high a price to be much in demand. Those in de-
mand for the Chinese markets comprise a large va-
riety, as seaweed of several kinds, chinchow, shark
fins, soerme, and other kinds of dried fish, iruho,
awabin, peas and beans, wheat, rice, rapeseed,
rapeseed oil, &c., in which a brisk trade has been
carded on, that must have been very profitable,
notwithstanding that the money-changer tried to
put all sorts of obstacles in its way.
This body, concerning which many strange notions
exist, is still trading, and having formerly had the
monopoly of many articles, it tries in every possible
way to retain it. All its influence is brought to
boar in preventing the Japanese merchants deliver-
ing goods to others hut itself. It refuses them all
patronage, and being an official college, though
having no right or issuing prohibitions, its die-
Pleasure has nearly the saute effect.
It is, indeed very much to bokuped that this body
illsome cease to trade altogether. Last year there was
prospect
have preferredof this,
o deala
lttnt sincel
almost several
foreign
merchants exclusively
wi.th it, and made contracts. to a large extent, the
end of the monopoly not very soon to be ex-
port of coals has increased considerably •
peTctheed. ex
till now were exclusively
shipped to Shanghae. A
snificient supply is always
--mlen •
ng. The coals from

the country of Tsi-koezin are by far the best. The
extension of steam navigation probably will take in
China, and will impart an impulse to this branch
of exports, especially, as is generally the case, if
the quality becomes better. The Peninsular and
Oriental Company sent one of its employes to see
whether it might be desirable to establish a line
from Shanghae to Nagasaki.
The manner of building at present adopted at
Decima will probably determine assurance com-
panies to grant insurance on them. It also gives
more security against burglary, which several
times took place in ruinous dwellings and ware•
houses. A night guard has been established at
Decima, and a fire brigade is in project. During
the presence of the detachment of the Netherlands
navy its services can be availed of in maintaining
the police, and for the working of the two engines,
but after its expected departure, other measures are
required.
Some ships wanting to be repaired were assisted
satisfactorily, and the costs were very much below
those paid at Shanghae. The smith-shop is advanc-
ing. Before the end of next month the steam ham-
mer will be rerdy for work. The shop has been of
much use to foreign vessels, and is an object of
admiration for the already considerable number
of foreigners visiting Nagasaki.

THE SPECIALSUNDAY EVENING

SERVICES.

Yesterday evening the third of the new series of
Sunday evening services was held under the dome
of St. Paul's Cathedral. In consequence of the
wetness of the night there was not so large a gene-
ral attendance as usual, but the reserved seats were
well filled. Full choral service was performed, the
sermon being preached by the Rev. Archibald Boyd,
M.A., incumbent of St. James's, Paddington. The
sermon next Sunday evening will be preached by
the Rev. Dr. Vaughan, late Head Master of Har-
row School, and on the following Sunday by the
Rev. Dr. Whewell, Master of Trinity College,
Cambridge.
At -Wtstminster Abbey the congregation was
very large. Prayers were said by the Rev. Pre-
centor Haden, the lessons read by the Dean, and
the sermon preached by the Rev. Francis Garden,
M.A., of Trinity College, Cambridge, the recently
appointed Sub-Dean of the Chapel Royal. The rev.
gentleman selected his text from the gospel of the
day.
Exeter-hall was well filled. The sermon was
preached by the Rev. J. T. Manley, M.A., of
Trinity College, Cambridge, incumbent of Mortlake,
who was for some time curate of Clapham. The
text was taken from the 13th chapter of St.• Ma-
tthew's Gospel, verses 31.33 and 44 46 (the parables
of the mustard seed, the leaven, the treasure, and
the merchantman). The sermon wa4 delivered
with great power and earnestness, and made a deep
impression on the congregation. The preacher at
Exeter-hall next Sunday evening will be the Rev.
Clement Shrine, theological associate of King's
College, London, perpetual curate of Christ Church,
Enfield.

The Victoria Theatre was opened again yester-
day for two religious services, one at three o'clock,-
the other at half-past six. The afternoon being
dark, the theatre was well lighted up, and the pri-
vate boxes were filled with persons many of whom
wore white kid gloves, and were otherwise made
up as though they were really attending a theatri-
cal entertainment. The pit was filled with a mis-
cellaneous class of people, most of whom appeared
to be extremely unfamiliar with any sort of reli-
gious ceremony, and who by no means justified the
apprehensions expressed by some of the clergy, that
these irregular services tend to empty the sur-
rounding churches. Of the people in the private
boxes at the Victoria Theatre yesterday, no lan-
guage that could be used would be too censurable,
but it may safely be said that not half a dozen
who appeared in, the pit and. gallery were drawn
away from any church or chapel, but were attracted
simply by the novelty of the proceedings. When
to this it is added, as in justice it must be, that the
behaviour of the congregation was reverential, al-
though not perhaps very remarkably devotional,
enough will have been said to show that there was
no harm in the assembly, that the great principle of
the sacredness of the church was not violated. At
three o'clock the Rev. C. J. Goodhart, M.A., minis-
ter of Park Chapel, Chelsea (a clergyman of the
established church), appeared on the stage, with
several other gentlemen, one of whom gave out a
hymn. The singing was execrable. After reading
a portion of Scripture and offering up an extempore '
prayer, Mr. Goodhart came to the footlights (not
wearing his robes), and preached from the words of
St. Paul, " This is a faithful saying, and worthy of
all acceptation, that Jesus Christ came into the
world to save sinners, of whom lam chief." The
sermon was plain, practical, thoroughly evangelical,
and eminently suited to the congregation to whom
it was addressed. The Rev. Alex. Rashheigh, 8.A.,
minister of Hare-court Chapel, Canonbury, con-
ducted the evening service, the theatre being full
to overflowing.
The large concert room in St. James's-hall was
thrown open twice yesterday for religious services
specially intended for the working classes, many of
whom availed themselves of the invitation given to
them. The afternoon service was conducted by the
Rev. William Landells, minister of the Baptist
Chapel, Regent-park, and that in the evening by
the Rev. Samuel Coley, a minister connected with
the Wesleyan Methodist denomination. A sermon
was preached at each service.
Two services took place at the Garrick Theatre
(Whitechapel), in Leman-street, in the midst of a
Jewish population. The morning service was con-
ducted by the Rev. John Patteson, M.A., of Corpus
Christi College, Cambridge, rector of Christ Church,
Spitalfields, and that in the evening by the Rev.
James Kennedy, M.A., a congregational minister.
. At the Britannia Theatre (Hoxton) the service
was conducted by the Rev. Thomas Binney, the
well-known independent minister of the King's
Weigh-house Chapel.
A large congregation attended the service at
Sadlers's Wells Theatre. The preacher was the
Rev. G. A. Rogers, M.A., incumbent of St. Luke's
Church, Holloway. The rev. gentleman drew
many practical lessons from the late revivals in
Ireland.