The Sun.
London, England, 1860-01-12 00:00:00

2ILE NAVY.

It is uow stated in official quarters that 20 post
captains on the active list will be promoted to that
of rear admirals. This great augmentation of ad-
mirals arises, no doubt, from the want of younger
men as flag officers. The names will be gazctted
in the course of a few weeks, and will include all
those now standing on the captains' list of 1843.
Plymouth Mail.

Commodore Charles Wise, now senior officer on
the West coast of Africa, is spoken of as likely
to receive some home appointment in the civil ser-
vice of the Crown. The Vesuvius, 6, at present
under that officer's command, will have completed
her three years' commission in April next.—Ply-
mouth Mail.
The Alacrity, 4, screw, Commander J. K. E.
Baird, yesterday received her marines.
The Avon, steam tender to Impregnable, arrived
at Pembroke on Saturday evening last, with the
seamen riggers, under the charge of Mr. Paul,
assistant master attendant of the dockyard, Devon-
port.

The Charybdis, 21, screw steam corvette of 400-
horse power, which has been completed in her
rigging and other fittings at Chatham, was towed
down the Medway yesterday to Folly-point, where
she remains to receive her guns, which are to be
Armstrong's 10-inch, and 1 pivot gun; the ship is
4noored alongside the Nankin, 50.
The Constance, 50, at Devonport, is to be con-
verted into a screw ship.
The Devon, lighter, arrived at Pembroke, on
Sunday last, with jury rigging for the Espoir ;
and the Hamoaze, lighter, with stores from the
eastern yards.

The Espoir, 5, screw steam gunvessel, was
launched at Pembroke-yard on Saturday last, and
as soon as she is jury rigged will be navigated to
Devonport to receive her engines.
The Greyhound, 17, screw, Commander Sullivan;
fitting at Devonport, will in a few days be ready
for service.

The Implacable, 72, fitting, as a training ship
for Devonport, was taken into dock on Tuesday.
The Industry, iron steam vessel, Master Com-
mander Hodges, at Woolwich, has been ucdocked
after repairs, and is ordered to receive a cargo of
stores for Rio de Janeiro and Ascension.
The North Star, 28, lately employed in the
Arctic exploring service, goes into dock at Chatham
to-day, to be taken to pieces.
The Porcupine, 3, paddle steam surveying vessel,
Captain Otter, was paid wages at Devonport on
Tuesday, and the crew granted leave.
The Rodney, 91, screw, which has been in dock
at Chatham under conversion, was floated out into
the river Medway yesterday. She is now a splen-
did ship, with a new stern, having been lengthened
25 feet. Ilex figare-head is also new, it being a
correct bust of the late Lord Rodney; the ship is
moored alongside the sheerhulk, to receive her
engines from Messrs. Mandalay and Co.
The Shamrock and Magpie, gunboats, are under-
going a thorough repair at Devonport.
The Wanderer, 4 screw, Commander M. It. Pechell,
is ordered for Chatham to be paid off. The vessel
sailed from Malta to Gibraltar and England on the
19th of last month. After she is paid off she will
be placed in the third-class steam reserve.
The Prince of Wales (a converted three-decker)
is in a very forward state, and will be ready for
launching on the 26th inst. Her ways have been
laid and poppets nearly completed. Her figure-
head is an exact likeness of his Royal Highness the
Prince of Wales ; it will be in position next week,
and does infinite credit to the carvers, the Messrs.
Hellyer.
DEVONPORT DOCK VARD.—Mr. Sturgess, third
class clerk in the storekeeper's office, has been trans-
ferred to Deptford; and Mr. W. G. Gilbert, of
Malta-yard, is appointed to this yard. The follow-
ing superannuations have taken place :—Richard
Pasco, leading man of riggers, on £52 3s. 4d. per
annum ; Samuel Organ and J. Lander, shipwrights,
on £46 19s. per annum, each ; and Henry Broad,
smith, on £45 53. '2d. per annum.
PEMBROKE YARD.—Amongst other changes in
the Nary list for this quarter we notice that the
clerk of the works at this establishment has been
made a principal officer of the yard, and will for
the future take rank next the store-receivers.
Two courts-martial were held yesterday on hoard
the flag-ship Impre .nable in Hamoaze to try James
Martin, gunner, Royal Marine Artillery. The
charge was that lie, " being in actual service and
pay in her Majesty's fleet, and serving on board her
Majesty's ship Royal Albert, did, on or about the
sth day of January, 1860, while Lieut. Cuthbert
Featherstone Daly, Royal Marinas, serving on
board the said ship, was going the usual night
round between the hours of 10 and 11 p.m. on board
the said ship, rush from under cover on the main
deck and did attempt to strike the First Lieut.,
Cuthbert Featherstone Daly, his, the said James
Martin's, superior officer, in the execution of his
duty, and did make use of threatening and dis-
gusting language, saying, Let the have
it,' or we: ds to that Effect, meaning him, the said
First Lieutenant, Cuthbert Featherstone Daly."
Also on John Dillon, private, Royal Marine Artil-
lery, for violently striking the said Lieut. Daly in
the mouth and knocking him down. In both cases
the prisoners jumped out from between the guns
and committed the assault. The courts-martial
assembled at nine o'clock in the morning, Sir
Thomas Pesky, presidentandstunttilliat
p.m. We learn by electric telegraph twothoe'clsoe o'clock
on James Martin was that he be hanged on
the yardarm of any of her Majesty's ships ; and on

(From. the Times.)
Whatever slackness there may be in the distribu-
tion of etrennes upon the Boulevards, there is none
in the Tuileries. While Napoleon lives and reigns
let no one despair of receiving a startling New
Year's gift. What he offered to England we cannot,
of course, quite accurately guess. What A ustria
has got, or Spain has received, we do not affect to
kuow. Whether Russia has received a promise, or
Sardinia has had a reminder of some old condition,
we do not even ask. But the dutiful offering of
the Eldest Son of the Church to his Holy Father,
the Pope of Rome, is now exhibited to the world.
It turns Gut to be a talisman of powerful virtue,
which, if it had been received in secrcy and used
with prudence, would have contributed to the peace
of the Christian world. It would even have helped
to sustain for, come unmeasured period that priestly
figment which many had come to look upon as
mere faded tapestry and mouldering upholstery—
old banners over a tomb, in which all the thews
and sinews of a strong man are passing into dust.
It was, however, we aro sorry to say, not received
in time to allay. an irritation which had by some
strange accident contrived to fix itself in an infal-
lible bosom. Pius IX. also had to distribute his
New Year's gifts. He had sent his Pontifical
benediction to the Emperor, the Empress, the Im-
perial Prince, and to all France; but this benedic-
tion is, like the talisman, of conditional virtue. It
is only to operate in the event that God will give
the Emperor grace to condemn " that monument of
insidious hypocrisy and contemptible tissue of con-
tradictions" which are contained in an anonymous
pamphlet, which the Father of Latin Christendom
stoops thus specifically to vituperate. Unfortu-
nately, these two New Year's gifts crossed each
ether on the way. Unfortunately, also, the talis-
man sent by Napoleon 111. itself prevented the
accomplishment of the condition upon which alone
the benediction was to take effect. So there is
scandal in Latin Christendom, and the Emperor
and the Empress, and the Imperial Prince, and all
France remain unblessed.
At last, then, we have these two Great Powers--
emblems of force and civilisation, and of superstition
and blind obstinacy—face to face as antagonists.
It is no longer the anonymous writer of Le Pape et
le Congres and the anonymous writer in the Gior-
nale di Roma; it is the Pope himself sp-aking from
the Vatican, and Napoleon himself writing from
the Tuileries. In this Pontifical allocution and this
Imperial missive the Emperor improves upon the
pampleteer, but the Pope descends below the jour-
nalist. The Emperor states with grave and measured
regret the unhappiness which afflicts him when he
contemplates the present position of the temporal
dominions of the Father of the Church. But,
alas ! " facts have au inexorable sequence." It
was the resistance of that unwise friend, Austria,
which first stirred up the national Italian feeling.
Despite the French garrison in Rome, and an
Emperor devoted to the Holy See at the head
of the French nation, that national movement could
not be prevented from spreading to the Romagna.
But that devoted Emperor at the critical moment
stepped in with advice. If the Pope would appoint
a Lay Governor and a separate administration of
the revolted provinces—the Emperor also has his
conditions—these provinces would have returned
under the Papal authority. The Emperor says
this, and the Emperor best knows. Unhappily, the
condition was not accepted. The advice was re-
fused. The devoted Emperor was thus rendered
impotent to arrest the progress of rebellion even
a•nong those who have been privileged to look upon
the glories and the virtues of the Popes themselves.
He did what he could. He stopped the war with
Austria, in a great measure because it was extend
inn that national Itali-in movement too fiercely in
the neighbourhood of the Holy Chair : he obtained
the dismissal of Garibaldi, to prevent him from in-
vading the Marches of Ancona ; but he could do no
more. All he can now do is to repeat the counsel
which was before despised ; but this time the coun-
sel has kept pace with that inexorable sequence of
events. It is short, it is simple, it is decisive—
" Make a sacrifice of these revolted provinces."
Upon this condition the Powers of Europe will
guarantee the peaceful possession of " the States of
the Church."

Men will have different opinions as to the accuracy
and the candour of the Emperor's retrospect, but all
sensible men, of whatever religion, ought to have but
one opinion as to the wisdom of his advice. Even if
some persons capable of thinking on these matters
without abdicating their powers of reason should
still hold that it is honourable and prudent for a
Christian Bishop to stir up war among the nations
in order to retain the power of tyrannising over a
reluctant province, yet even they must admit that
at last, now that the Emperor has spoken, he has
spoken plainly. In this declaration of policy there
is at least no insidions hypocrisy and no contemp-
tible tissue of contradictions. The allocution of
the Pope contrasts unhappily with this Imperial
letter. There is a want of dignity about it which
makes us uncomfortable as wo read. The highest
ecclesiastic in the world, the most reverend man in
Christendom, has to answer an address from the
general and soldiers who have been placed by a
foreign Sovereign to guard his person and sustain his
power. He believes that this Sovereign has written
a pamphlet which displeases him, and because he
believes this, and because he knows that the general
and soldiers before him believe this, he takes the
opportunity of denouncing this pamphlet as insidi-
ous, hypocritical, ignoble, and contradictory. To
criticise an anonymeus pamphlet from the chair of
St. Peter is not of itself a very dignified proceeding,
but to abuse it without answering it, and to use
vituperation as a device for covertly abusing the
Sovereign who is protecting him, and who is the
master of the men who are come to compliment

him, savours so little of princely dignity and so
much of feeble malignity that no imbecility can
excuse it, and no weakness can reasonably account
for it. Where was Antonelli ? Had this poor old
man no friends near him to save him from so sad an
exhibition ?

This antagonism between a powerful 'llion and
an obstinate Pope is new in our times ; but it was
seen by our fathers, and it has run down every
history from the time of Constantine. No nation
that has not been too poor to plunder or too slavish
to repine has ever escaped a sort of chronic contest
with the Romish hierarchy. We may trace step
by step every advance in civilisation, in liberty, in
industry, in commerce, of every nation that is now
great by some conquest over the obstacles interposed
by the head of the Roman Church. We say nothing
of the Roman Catholic religion. The firmest advo-
cates of that faith have generally been the most
zealous opponents of Papal pretensions. France
herself once won, and had, and prized her Gallic
liberties. Richelieu himself once had to remind his
expostulating brethren that he was a Frenchman
before he was a Churchman. The whole warp and
woof of our English history, long before the Refor-
mation, is interlaced with struggles against the Pope.
All our laws of property were, even in those times,
directed to the defeat of the machinations of the
Pope. It must always be so. It is an inevitable
necessity that an enlightened people must be hostile
to a Power which can scatter curses abroad and
shed blood at home, and which does so upon prin-
ciples that forbid the advance of the human race.
The Emperor of the French, fortunately, rules over
a nation which is not very sensitive to such in-
fluences as the Pope can use. The Pope's power for
political purposes exists in European countries only
among the lowest and the most ignorant of the
Catholic community. If the Emperor goes to the
l
work as he can go to his work, the Pope has much
more to fear from Napoleon than Napoleon has to
fear from the Pope.

IMPORTS OF COAL.—According to a statement
just prepared the importation of coal, seaborne and by rail-
ways and canals, into London during the year 1859 was—
seaborne, 10,693 ships, 3,209,170 tons • railway, 4,191,160
tons; and canal, 16,954—making the iotal 4,507,303 tons.
These figures show an increase of 32,724 tons, or about 1
per cent., seaborne, and 648 tons by rail (a merely frac-
tional per centage) ; and a decrease of 3,260 tons, or 16 per
cent., by canal. The entries of ships by the principal fac-
tors during the year were :—Hill, Wood, and Hughes,
1,763 ships; Marshall and Page, 1,188 ; Dixon, Harris,
and Co., 1,064 ; Chaytor, Webster, and Andrews, 968 ; S.
Clarke, 620 ; William Milnes, 598 ; Taylor and Plowman,
535 ; F. D. Lambert, 505 ; Metcalfe and Cory, 370 ; Cherie-
ton and Watson, 364 ; Miller and Potter, 173 ; and Smith
and Scurfield, 47.
APPEASING A GUILTY CONSCIENCE.—A Toting
lady travelling ftom Doncaster to Halifax about eight years
ago had the misfortune to have her pocket picked of a purse
containing £4 12s. The young lady was not a little sur-
prised a few days ago to receive the followin letter, en-
closed in which was a £5 note :—" Madame, Igbelieve you
lost a purse some years ago in a railway carriage. I believe
that I found it, and was leaving the country at. the same
time. Having since returned and inquired,l have found
your then address. I therefore enclose you
a £5 Bank of
England note (and send it to the clergyman of the place
where you then resided), which I think will pay the con-
tents of the purse with interest. lam sorry I have kept it
so long, but could not avoid it. ll—,"—.Alanchester
Examiner.

" In my last letter I stated that the Government
had forbidden any more demonstrations in honour
Of the national poet Kazinczy. 1 ha% e since learnt
that the reason why it did so was this :—At Sze-
phalom, in Lower Hungary, the poet's birthplace, a
grand ci.reinony was got up, and people for 50 miles
around, including the leading magnates of the dis-
ti iet, assembled to take part in it. Almost all the
persons present were in deep mourning, and their
attitude was so resolute, their language so patriotic,
that the local functionaries in dismay telegraphed
to Vienna and to Pesth that an insurrection was
about to begin. The affair, however, passed off as
hall been intended, in the most orderly manner pos-
sible. But the Viennese people received such a
terrible fright that the Archduke Albert, as Gover-
nor of Hungary, ordered that no more Kazinezy
demonstrations should be tolerated. In spite of his
prohibition, however, many of those which were
projected will certainly take place.
"The Commissions of men of confidence' which
are now sitting in different places to examine the
famous communal law of the Government are, from
the refusal of men of independence and character to
have anything to do with them, Composed exclusively
of Government. functionaries. But if we may judge
from what took place the other day at Kaschau, even
these functionaries will be so influenced by the gene-
ral feeling of the country that they will not obey im-
plicitly Government dictation. Thus, at. Kaschau,
the Commission of Confidence consisted of the Ca-
tholic bishop, the prefect, the aulic councillors, five
mayors, and three independent gentlemen—ten
creatures of the Government to three independents !
Yet this very commission, like that at Pesth, de-
clared that it had no authority to examine the law,
and that the National Diet alone could do so.
. "The atrocious manner in which the Viennese
Government exercises oppression in this country has
received a new illustration. M. Zsedeny and
two other of the Keesmark Protestants were lately,
as the newspapers will have informed you, con-
demned to imprisonment flur having taken part in
protestingagainst theim perial patent which destroys
the liberty of Protestants. As if the condemnation
were not iniquitous enough in itself, the scandalous
addition has been made to it that for two days a
week the prisoners shall be made to fast. In this
country fasting can by law be imposed on none but
thieves and murderers, and yet M. Zsedeny and his
companions arc not only gentlemen in every mean-
ing of the word, but the offence for which they, are
condemned is one that carries with it no moral
taint even in Austrian eyes.
"As the newspapers and newspaper correspon-
dents under the influence of the Austrian Govern-
ment frequently do me the honour to attack my
letters to you, and even at times to say that my
statements are incorrect (an assertion, par paren-
these, which to every :me who knows the Viennese
Government is proof positive of their truth), per-
haps you will allow me to give an,example, not
only of my exactness, but of the fact tl-at I really
have access to very excellent information. Smile
days back, you may remember, all the Viennese
journals, together with the Augsburg Gazette and
the other foreign journals devoted to Austrian po-
licy, declared that the great aristocrats had resolved
to give up the pay and other emoluments of the
military and civil appointments, in order to relieve
the fearful financial embarrassments of the Go..
vernment ; but I stated to you, in contradiction to
all these journals, that the said aristocrats contem-
plated doing nothing of the kind, and would do
nothing of the kind, though earnestly solicited by
that most unhappy of mortals the Minister of Fi-
nance. eli, the Wiener Zeitung, an official organ
of Vienna, publishes a formal declaration to the
effect that all those journals were wrong."

DR. GUT.HIUE ON RAGGED SCUOOLS.

At a meeting of the Edinburgh Original Ragged
Schools, Dr. Guthrie exposad the absurdity and
impolicy of Lord Palmerston's Act, whereby it is
made imperative that before a boy can be admitted
into a Reformatory School he must have undergone
imprisonment for 14 days. He never had heard
before of it being necessary for a person to have a
criminal brand upon his bro v before he could be
found entitled to the benefits of education at the
expense of the State. Lord PalmerOon, however,
said, if the Ragged School would take a child and
endeavour to prevent him becoming a criminal, the
Government would allow one penny per week • but
if the boy had the brand of a conviction sending
him 14 days to prison upon him, they would give
them 7s. or Ss. per week for rubbing it out, if pos-
sible. He then gave an account of a visit which he
paid to the Ackbar hulk, fitted up as a Reformatory
Institution at Liverpool, and where he was received
with the honours of as admiral ; and mentioned
that none of the boys there could be received into
the Royal Navy, although shey were admirably
trained as sailors, because they had the brand of
convicts on their brows. They were, however,
eagerly run upon for the mercantile marine. ])r.
Guthrie then pointed out the inconsistency of the
Government making such large allowances to
schools belonging to the Estab.ished Church, the
Free Church, the Episcopalian Church, and
the churches of the other denominations, when
the most of the parents of the children
educated there were perfectly able to pay for
their education ; and he denounced the conduct
of the Government in allowing £lOO a-year to
the Royal Institution for a nude figure to be
drawn from by the students, while their Ragged
School, as he calculated, would get only Lou for
300 boys and girls rescued from vice and degra-
dation. It was a burning shame, and it was un-
worthy of the Government to treat them so, who
were saving immortal souls from destruction, and
preventing them from growinc, up criminals and
outcasts. The sum which the Government was
to allow them was two-thirds of a farthing per
day. He would say, perish the Government money
rather than accept such an inadequate Pittance as
that. He intended to double his own subscrip-
tion, and he appealed to the ladies to increase
their subscriptions and efforts on behalf of the
school, and to.inake up for the loss of the Govern-
ment grant. He concluded by reading a letter
which he had received from a ploughman, en-
closing a subscription of 10s. towards the funds
of the Ragged School, the writer stating that it
was all he could afford, as he had to support a
widowed mother, he being her only son.

EMIGRATION TO THE CAPE OF GOOD HOPP.--•
Il.er "Majesty's Emigration Commissioners have given notice
of their
intention to receive tenders on Monday next, the
16th inst., for a ship to proceed to Table Bay, to carry net
exceeding 203 statute adults, to be ready for the reception
of passengers on the 21st of February. Thu ship must be
supplied with 50 fathoms of chain cable in addition to the
quantity usually required for the Australian voyage, and
must carry the full legal complement of water, and an ap-
paratus, if supplied by the Commissioners, for distilling
water, cooking, and baking, for the use of which £35 are to
be paid by the shipowner, who is to provide the requisite
fuel, and passage out and home (but not wages), for a man
to work the apparatus.
THE LATE HIGHWAY ROBBERY IN LEEDS.--i
Yesterday-, at the Leeds Town-hall, Theresa Watson and
Martha Bates, the two women implicated in the late vio-
lent assault and robbery of Mr. James Trafford, a silk
manufacturer from Leek, in Staffordshire, was again
brought up on remand. There was no additional evidence,
and the magistrates decided to discharge the prisoners on
their entering into their own recognisances to appear when
called upon.

BENSON'S WATC H E S.
" Perfection of inechanism."--M orning Post.
Gold Watches 4 to 100 guineas.
Silver Watches
33 ud Zt , Ludgate-hill, London, E.O
et on Watches
Send 2 stamps for Benson's Illustrated Pamphl

ROYAL

ENGLISH OPERA,
COVENT-GARDEN.
Under the management of Miss L. Pyne and Mr.W. HallrrisonH.
TIT'S EVENING VICTORMessrA. Smaey,
lini2h. Cu:ri, G. . Hooey, Bartlemait, &e. Misses Parepa,
Thir'wall,

Condaetor, Allred Mellon.
To conclude with the new g-rand pautomime, called PUSS
IN BOOTS ; or, Harlequin- and the Fairy of the Golden
Palms.
st 6 —Commence at 7 o'clock.
Doors open at half-p'

T REA 'FRE-ROYAL, HAYMARKET.
Lesser, Dlr. J. B. Buckstone.
THIS EVENING, the comedy of TIIE EVIL GENIUS
Miss Reyno:ds.
After which, the new Haymarket Comic Christmas Panto-
mime, VALENTINE'S DAY; or, Harlequin and the Fairy
of the True Lovers' Knot. The pantomimists the unrivalled
Leclercqs.

EA TR E-R OY A L LYCEUM.-
So!e Lessee and Directress, Madame Celeste.
Re-engagement of the Spanish Dancers.
THIS EVENING, the popular Drama of ST. MARY'S
EVE. Madeline (her original character) Madame Celeste.
After which, will be produced a new Grand Christmas Ex-
travaganza and Pantomime, KING THRUSH BEARD, the
LITTLE PEE' and the G itEAT PASSION. Clown, Mr. H.
Marshall—Columbine, Miss Rosin°.