The Sun.
London, England, 1856-11-10 00:00:00

,4 I".;rD r. N MONDAY EVENING, _NOVEMBER, =lO, 1850.

inteiligcnoe

We regret to state that Lieut.-General Sir J. Rolf,
R.C.8., Colonel of the Queen's Royals., died• at East
Southeruhay, near Exeter, on Saturlay, of disease of the
heart.

A circular, permitting the employment of soldiers as
military clerks, was issued from the Horse Guards on
Saturday, by order of Lord Panmure, and addressed to
the Genera! and other officers commanding in the united
kingdom.
In consequence of the decrease which has taken place
in the strength of the Indian rtegiments stationed in the
Bengal Presidency, an order has been received from the
authorities at the War Department by Colonel H. Jervis,
Coniniandact of the Provisional Battalion, at Chatham,
directing that the whole of the non commissioned cfficers
and men under 19 years'serviee, belonging to the depots
of regiments on the Indian istablf;ihment, at Chatham
Barracks, are to be medically inspected immediately at
the Garrisoc Hospital, for the purpose of enabling the
authorities at the Horse Guards to ascertain the number
of troops fit for immediate embarkation, to join the ser-
vice companies of their regiments in India. The follow-
ing- depots of. regiments on the Indian establishment'
were aecordinglv inspected at Chatham on Saturday :
viz., Btti (the King's), 24th, 27th (Enniskillens), 32d,
35th, (R ,yal Sussex), 52d Light Infantry, 53d, 60th
Royal Rifles, 61st, 71)th, 75th, 81st, and 87th Royal
Irish Fusileers, which, together, will furnish nearly
1,000 non-commissioned officers and men. for whom ton-
vage will be taken up by the Hon. East India Company
for their conveyance to the bead-quarters of their respec-
tive re,gincents in India. The troops belonging to the
above depots have been instructed in the use of the En-
field rifle.

The reduction of the army is still proceeding at Chat
ham garrison, where there are about 1,000 men belong-
ing to nearly every regiment in the service, still waiting
to receive their discharge. On Saturday a large draught
of troops, to the number of 115 non-commissioned
officers and men selected from the 4th Royal Irish Dra-
goon Guards, sth Dragoon Guards, 41st (the Welsh)
Regiment, 46th, 55th, 70th, 71st Highland Light In-
fantry, and 831 Regiments, were inspected at Fort Pitt
Hospital by Dr. J. R. Taylor, C. 8., Deputy-Inspector
General of Hospitals, all of whom were ordered to hold
themselves in readiness to be discharged from the ser-
vice. In addition to this number 30 men belonging to
the corps of Royal Engineers received their discharge
by a Chelsea board on Friday, and a large detachment
of 184 non-cernmistioned officers and men of the 33d
(Duke of Wellington's regiment, have been ordered to
Chatham to await their discharge.
The Secretary of State for War having decided that the
married,non-commissioned officers and men belonging to
the regiments stationed at Chatham garrisen, shall be pro-
vided with separate rooms apart from the single soldiers,
the cum of 6:090/. to be expended there in the erection
of suitable buildings for the married troops, and an
order has ken given for the buildings to beat once com-
menced. The apartments for the married men belonging
to the Royal Engineers will be situate at the back of the
north stable square at Brompton Barracks, where the
contractors have already commenced erecting the block
of buildings. The sum stated will be expended at Chat-
ham before the close of the military year. •
The following draughts from depots in Scotland are
under orders for the Mediterranean—namely, 3 officers
and 40 men of the 92d Highlanders from Fort George
for Gibraltar ; 2 officers and 20 men of the 71st High-
landers from Malta ; and 3 officers and 80 men of the
second battalion, let Royal., from Glasgow for Malta.
Lieut.-General Sir Colin Campbell has gone to Fort
George to inspect the depot battalion there, consisting
of the depots of the 71st, 72d, and 92d Regimente. The
91st dept, from Berwick-on-Tweed, hill shortly proceed
thence to make up the battalion.
The following is an abstract of the naval force in oom- ,

mission on the Ist inst. :

Number

Stations. of Ships. Guns. Men.
East Indies, China, and Australia 27 383 4,098
Cape of Good Hope 7 77
_

Welt Coast of Africa .
South-east Coast of America
West Obast of America lO 266 2,F,37
North America and West Indies
Mediterranean , .48 947 10,723
Lisbon • 5 411 3,820
Plymouth . 1 342 1,981
Portsmouth
Sheerness 8 339 1,172
.
Woolwich.., 6 43 291
Pembroke..... 0 /NI

nz
Cork 4 60 743
Particular service
Surveying service
Yachts
Unappropriated and fitting out ..'":-ZSirri ' 388 4,174
Paying off

240 4,612 45,426
24 425 4,213

FIRES AND DESTRUCTIO,N" OF

PROPERTY.

Yesterday morning the metropolis was visited by the
outbreak of one of the most serious fires that have oc-
curred for a considerable period, which laid in ruins pro-
perty valued at many thousand pounds sterling, besides
jeopardising the lives of numerous persons.
The most extensive confla-Jation took place at 7 a.m.
,in the large range of premises belonging to Messrs. Al-
mond, army and navy accoutrement manufacturers,
S'wan-yard, St. Martin's-lane. The building, it should be
stated, was at the lowest comp ntion 120 eet long, and
upwards of 100 feet wide. It comprised 9 large flats, in
which property of great value was deposited, the factory
extending on both sides of the yard or lane, while the
hou4es in St. Martin's-lane to the number of 13, and five
or six in Long-acre, and many: others in Angel-court,
surrounded the ill-fated property, so ahat at one period
nothing short of the entire destruction of every house
near could be apprehended; and as it is, we regret to
state that the loss of property by the catastrophe has
bean most serious.
It appears tl at the fire commenced in the first floor of
the faet9ry beleuging to INles,rs. Almond, immediately
over tae Feabling belonging to Mr. Goodwin, and ad-
joined by the vr-11-known place of public entertainment
termed the Perth sniurn Club and Lecture rooms. The
latter building ado 'e was nearly 100 test long, and was
fitted up most expensively, with chandeliers and sundry
large plates of looking-alass, which we:e roughly esti-
mated in value at 2,000/. or 3,0001. At the Fide of this
building was the surer belongieg to-Mr, Morgan, in
St. Martin's-lane, the back of avhioli abutted- upon the
priuoipal seat of the fire.
The moment the discovery was made an alarm was
raised, when Mr. Palmer, the proprietor of the Parthe-
nitm Cub, got up, and. upon looking out of one of his
back windows p-rceived that the first floor on the south
'ide of Mr. Almond's faclory was emitting a lurid glare
of ligto, which at first led him to believe that some of
the men were at work. In the course of a few minutes
after, however, he noticed a large piece of timber in a
thorough stets of ignition fall past the window, which
induced him to send off in sundry directions for the aid
of the firemen, and in a very brief period the engines of
St. Ann's parish, under the direction of Mr. Spendlon,
attended, as well as a great many of those be-
longing to the London Brigade, under the superintend-
ence of Mr. Braidwood, Mr. Colf, the foreman of the
district. The West of Englanchenginct and firemen were
also quickly on the spot, but by the time this powerful
body arrived the flames had gained the entire possession
of Messrs. Almond's factory, as well as the premises of
Mr. Morgan, and were at the same time attacking with
full vigour the premises of Mr. Palmer, known as the
Parthenium, the backs of several houses in St. Martin's-
lane, as well as the gable end of Messrs. Silk's, coach
factory in Lan;-acre, and the coach lace factory of
Messrs. Whittinghain, Brothers, in Swan-yard.

The engines were forth with set to work from a plea

Sul supply of the New River Company's water, copious
streams of which were thrown upon and into the blazing
prinises ; but, in spite of the most strenuous exertions
of the firemen, the flames continued to progress with
fearful power, so that at length the whole of the west-
end became brilliantly illuminated, and the steeples of
the various churches were shown out in bold relief.
,Tne firemen, under the direction of their principal offi-
cer, kept to their posts, but in so doing were exposed to
great danger, more especially two or three of the men
who were working in Angel-court. While they were
directing the water upon a wooden building, nearly 70
feet high, and adj sluing the lofty coach-factory of Messrs.
Silk, the principal part of the wooden building fell with
a loud crash, and nearly.killed the men. The firemen
however, by mounting the walls and roofs of the sur-
rounding houses were enabled to attack the flames on
either side, and after several hours' hard labour, enabled
to subdue the fearful fire.
The damage done is very great, but from the front
street nothing approximalieg to the exact loss can be
seen. The factory of Moiere. Almond is entirely con-
sumed, as well as the Isa,rthenium Club-rooms in St.
Martin's-lane, and likewise the carriage lace factory be-
longiocs to Messrs. Whittingham, Sons, and Co. About
15 or 20 other parties have also sustained serious injury,
either by fire, water, or bast), removal of their furniture,
among whom may be enumerated Mr. Morgan, surgeon,
who was inioired in the Pbcenix Fire-office; Messrs. Silt,
carriage builders, whose back factory is much injured,
but the front portion bas not sustained the least damage,
which was exceedingly f irtunate, for had the flames once
stizsd upon the. extensive number of carriages in the
place the loss of property, great as it unfortunately has
been, would have been much larger.
As to the origin of the misfortune not the least infor-
mation cluld be obtained. Two,of the Royal Society's
fire-escapemen, Gould and Wheatley, rendered., great
assistance to the firemen, as did also a body of the F and
E divisions of police, under Mr. Superintendent Darg.n.
" OFFICIAL REPORT OF THE FIRE IN ST. MARTIN'S.

LANE.
"Nov. 9, 1856, called to a fire in St. Martin's-lane.
On arriving," Mr. Braidwood states, "I found the pre-
mises of Messrs. G. W. Almond, army and navy accon-
tremsnt makers, on fire, in Swan-yard. The fire was
extinguished by the firemen and engines of the Parish,
London Brigade, and West of England-offices, and with
the aid of 112 hired auxiliaries. The premises are burnt
down and the contents consumed.

"Do., J. Goodwin,'livery stablekeeper. Contents not
insured; premises burnt dbwn.
"Do., S. Dart, coach lacy maker. Burnt down; con-
tents unknown if insured or riot.
"Do., J. Roberts, cabinetmaker. Insured in the
Atlaß. Burnt down and contents destroyed.
"Do., Messrs. Whittingbam and Wilkie, coach lace
makers. Burnt down.
"Do , J. Roberts, cheesemonger. Premises burnt
down, and contents destroyed. Insurance unknown.
"No. 67, St. Martin's-lane (unoccupied) —Mrs. S.
Grieves. Building supposed to be insured in the Atlas
and Liverpool. Part of roof burnt off.
"Do., H. Rowley, cheesemonger. Stock and building
damaged by water.
"No. 70, St. Martin's-lane—T. M'Lean, lithographic
printer. Top floor of workshop nearly burnt out, and
part of roof off ; under part dawageu by water. In-
sured for contents and stock-in-trade in the Royal In-
surance-office.

" Do., G. Middleton (private).• Back wind ,N 8 broken
and oontents damaged by water and removal; insured in
the Sun.

" Do., No. 71, 13. Wilmot, surgeon. Damage by
water and removal. Insured in the Phcenix Fire-office.
"Do., No. 72, H. Palmer (the Parthenium room.
keeper). Dancing-rooms, nearly 100 feet long, burnt
down, and contents consumed.
"Do., No. 73, Mr. harm, eating housekeeper. Back
of 'mute damaged b. fire and contents by removal. In-
sured in the Atlas.

Do., No. 74, C. Vacy, chemist. Contents insured
in the Sun ; damaged by removal.
" Do. (third floor), J. Copping (lodger). Similar da-
mage. Insured in the County Fire-office.
Nos. 3 and 4, Long-aore, J. Will ams, cutler. Build
ing insured in the Sun. Back front severely burnt and
furniture injured by removal.
"No. 6, E. Davis, coachmaker. Roof of workshops
damaged by fire and contents by water. Insuredin the
Sun and Union.

"No. 5, T. Parsons', varnish and colour maker. Build-
ing damaged by wa'er and removal."
In conclusion, and in justice to the &emu), we must
add that, had they not had perseverance almost super-
human, we should have had to record one of the largest
fires the metropolis has been visited with for several
years. As it is the damage is roughly estimated at
20,0001. One of Messrs. Kine,'s men, named James
Ward, saved 50 sacks of corn, and was instrumental in
getting out of the premises several horses.

[lt happens very singularly that this locality is
the very spot where the proposed new street is to
enter, into St. Martin's-lane King-street,
Covent-garden I] from

NEAPOLITAN MANI F I STOBS.

The following appeared in oar late edition of Saturday
night :

NAPLES, Nov. 2.
During the last three days the following mani-
festoes have been circulated widely here. The
longest proceeds from the moat moderate party,
who, while they ask for the Constitution as their
right, still appeal to the King. The second pro-
caeds from a more advanced party, who make no
allusion to the King, and stand upon their rights
alone :

"The fortunes of the Neapolitan people form the sub-
ject of grave consideratisns in the counsels of Europe.
The wretched condition of this people, whe for eight
years have been abandoned to the power Of a tyrannical
faction and of a low police, has awakened civilised ea
times, who invoke in its favour' the universal principles of
'humanity and justice.. •If thin people has ab.ftained
hitherto from raising its voice, and from uniting its
strength to a generous diplomacy, it has not arisen from
any insensibility to its misfortunes or its rights, but it
has preferred waiting to see whether the good offices
initiated by the Governments of the West would result
in. obtaining, without any disturbance, conditions more
acceptable for the progress of civilisation. Since this
hope has proved to be vain, the, Neapolitan people,
though desirous to express their profound gratitude
to ttio Powers, who are guardians of civilisation, are
ignorant of their present resolutions; international
tre,nsactions are confined to a circle not always acces-
sible to the popular cry, and within which epecial
cases of liherty are absorbed in vaster and more complex
eases of general interest. Our duty, however, is to ad-
dress ourselves to the Head of our Government, and to
unfold to hies openly and firmly our; wishes and opr
grievances. The country is defic ent in everythMe ; the
social body suffers in all its organs and all its sentiments.
It is wanting in material prosperity and in flourishing
industry in consequence of a; limited cothmerce and
the absence •of roads ; it is wanting in iutellectuel
progress, because thought is chained, and the intioduc-
tion of foreign works is impeded by an ignorant and
wretched censorship ; because intelligence and know
ledge are held in suspicion and hatred by the autho-
rities ; because the humbler classes are without
Primary instruction, and are purposely kept in a
state of barbarism and superstition ; the country is
deficient, especially ,in individual liberty, because the
Power of the police in every part of the kingdom 'has
fallen into the hands of a licentious and deiputic see,
who multiply espionage, encourage the informer and the
calumniator, penetrate every house and every honour.
able retrement, investigate and impugn, the slightest
acts of life, suspect and distort the most secret opinions,
make a' profit of denouncing and of testimony, snake a
protestation of political objects to cover private gains
and private vengeance, enrol and arm with sticks and knives
lazzaroni and thieves, holding out to them the hope of
plunder,' put forth their hand against the best citizen:, im-
prison and exile for ac s not forbidden or not brought to
triai, make use of torture and blows, intrude continually
on the judicial power, and, assuming the toga of the ma-
gistrate, obtain' their end by terror and false witnesses,
fabricate sceusations, and afterwards, under the forin of
a public requisitoria (demand for justice) and of a judicial
.sentence gratify their vengeance and feed their fury and
malignity ; hence the infamy of those processes, the in-
famy of 'which, the scandal of which, has so much en-
gaged the attention of the civilised world. The coun-
try would be deficient in religion and morality if the
Christian piety of this people did not resist the corrup-
tions of a Governshent which selections every vice and
every infamy committed by the dominant sect. Finally,
it is offended in its dignity and reputation, because it
has become the laughing-stock of cultivated nations, an
example of slavery and basene-s ; and the Neapolitan in
a foreign land was compelled to blush for his country
while he marked the sneer of those who were more for-
tunate than himself, even before the Congress of
Paris, by the most solemn diplomatic act accomplished
in our days, had placed the seal on this our shame.
What are the remeuies for all these ills ? The mind 1
wanders and doubts the possibility of finding any ; yet
one possible remedy there is—rather let us say, neces-
sary and inevitable. We do not ask for new laws—we
propose no reforms ; essentially Conservative, we desire
only the full and true, enjoyment of the existing laws—
laws, however, neelected and despised—and, more that
those, one which recommends and contains all the
others, that is, the Fundamental Pact of February,
1848. The learning and the experience of mankind
have found no other mode than one for preventing the
resolute abuse of a bad political regimen, and that
is, the intervention of the people represented by
their deputies, in the formation of the laws and in the
guardianship of the varibuß popular interests_ of the day-
Ne eeee,er a system is-not for us a -simple• desird or aspi-
ration, it is a perfect institution, sanctioned and sworn
to, and recognised by civilised governments ; it forms a
portion of the public right of Neapolitans, which by its
means is complete thid harmonious, but without it is an
absolute negation of every principle of government, the
triumph of despotism and confusion. The suspension of
this Fundamental Pact is the cau,e of all the ills which
now afflict us, and had the Prince himself been able to fore-
see the recent facts, and the tremendous accusation which
has been matured by the publicopinion of the world against
the acts of his Ministers, he would not have consented,
as soon as the tumult of an intemperate faction had
been subdued, that others should disturb, the tranquil and
natural action of the franchises which had been conceded.
They were taken from us at the moment that we should
have begun to reap the beneficial finds. Amid the strug-
gle of parties and the growth of unforeseen events, the
Parliament did not even advance so far as to vote tlute
organic statutes, nor did it live long enough to show its
active zeal for the public good, and the civil wisdom
with which it was endowed. If ever there was a time
for restoring such liberties, and for returning to a state
of legalty, it is this, when our rulers ought to be cm-
vineed by clear indications of the impossibility of con
tinumg an arbitrary system, which has been acted on
up to this day, in opposition to all classes, all .opinions,i
all interests, through the indescribable discord n, which
it is placed with all the political powers and' necessities
of the age. The re-establishment of constitutional lega-
lity is the only triumphant solution of the existing diffi-
culties. Through this the people would be safe, the
peace of Europe as well as the honour of the Crown
maintained ; we say the honour of the Crown, for if the
secret sense of an excessive sovereign pride prevents the
King from yielding to coercion, it cannot appear other-
wise than a laudable and magnanimous use of the Sove-
reign prerogative to condescend to the most legitimate
and most honourable appeals of an unarmed people,
united and agreed among themselves in one thought, of
which this specific meeting and this writing are the first
deliberate manifestation."

"Neapolitans,--Europe has now pronounced its judg-
ment between yon and your oppressors. She has seen
that you are neither a turbulent nor an Utopian people ;
that you asp;re to nothing new or difficult ; that you are
worthy of repossessing that representative form of Go-
vernment which Europe herself recognised, was in active
existence for two years, and which by violence was sup-
pressed without even the appearance of reason: It is now
time to chow that if you have known how to suffer eight
years of pain and outrage, you know how, and are re-
solved to recover your legal state, with those solid gua-
rantees which can alone inspire confidence and excite a
zeal for the public good. With this acquisition, you will
have assisted the Italian cause much better than the impa-
tient may deem, and by means the holiness or justice of
which no one will doubt. Let this then be the common
object, and yours especially, soldiers, who, worthy of
better destinies, have suffered up to the present moment
inglorious suff:r;ngs. and moral outrages.
Neapolitans I—Union and concord, and when you
shall see the constitutional banner raised aloft, symbol
of your aspirations and your rights, rally all of you
around it full of self-denial, united by a mutual rivalry
of affection with, your fellow-citizens in Sicily, confident
in the justice of the common cause and in its triumph."

UNIVERSITY INTELLIGENCE.

OXFORD, Nov. 9.

The Reader in Mineralogy (Mr. Alaskalyne) will lec-
ture on Tuesdays, Wednesdays, and Fridays during the
present term at 8 o'clock p.m., in the Lecture R)oin at
the Ashrnolean Museum. The irst lecture will be on
Wednesday, the 12th inst.
The Examiners in the School of Natural Science have
given notice that they will commence their examination
on Tuesday, Nov. 17.
The viva voce Examination of candidates for Honours
in the final Classical School begins on Tuesday. The
number of the candidates is 39.

A WRIT OF ELEGIT ON THE TOLLS OF THE CATTLE-
AIARKET.—The solicitor of Mr. Hughes has followed up
the seizure of the property of the corporation by a writ
of elegit, Some time since the corporation let the tolls
by contract to Messrs. W. K. Walker and IL Wilcock,
who made a deposit, and were to enter ou their contract
on the 31 instant. Mr. Farmer, superintendent of the
market, has been served with a notice from Messrs. Deakin
and Dent, local agents io Mr. Hughes's solicitor, to the
effect that the writ of elegit is our, and cautioning him
respecting giving up posse,.sion of the market. The ease
therefore stands thus :—The writ is indisputab!e, but
the contractors have deposited their money, and, in the
event of being debarred their rights by the legal pro-
ceedings, will undoubtedly have an action for breach of
contract, against the corporation. —Wolverhampton
Herald.
[ADVERTISEMENT.]—HoIIoway's Ointment and Pills
Miraculous Remedies for the Cure of Bad Legs.—Mr.
Allison, of Bowling, states in a letter to Mr. Umplehy,
druggist, of Bradford, that after a severe cold, caught
last winter, his legs began to swell, and ultimately sires
broke out on each, the cure of which he tried a va-
riety of remedies, without avail, until he used Hollo-
way's Pills and Ointment ; and he says that it was per.
fectly astenishing to eee the effect these won.lerful medi-
cines had en his legs, as both were very quickly healed.
—Soti by al medicine vendors through Jut. the wort.' ;
at Professor Holloway's Establishments, 244, Strand,
London, and 80, Maiden-lane, New York ; by A.
Stampa, Constantinople ; A. Guidicy, Smyrna ; and E.
t Muir, Malta.