The Sun.
London, England, 1860-02-22 00:00:00

Commence at 7.

Martin's-le-Grand, as her Britannic MAJESTY'S
Postmaster-General !
Whatever has occurred since to complicate
anew the Chinese Question—whether the work
of recomplication be that brought about at
home here amongst ourselves, or abroad yonder
et the mouth of the Peiho—the blame in no
imaginable way attaches to Lord ELGIN. For the
rekindling of the flame of war that noble earl is
clearly in no way whatever responsible. The
calamity has arisen from causes beyond the influence
of his benignant and triumphant policy. The tur-
pitude of the Chinese, the treachery of their das-
tardly ambuscade, the infamous preparation by them
of the masked batteries of the Peiho fortifications—
these and no errors in the policy of Lord ELGIN
were the sources of these new disasters, the obvious
causes of this third war between the English and
the Chinese. Then, what need, it may be asked, of
Lord ELGIN'S explanations yesterday ? Those
explanations were, in a manner, incumbent upon
his lordship for three reasons—because he was
charged with a pusillanimous evasion of re-
sponsibilities—because he was accused of un-
necessary severity to the Chinese—because he
was in a manner distinctly arraigned before the
country and before Parliament by the late mar-
time Commander-in-Chief on the Chinese station,
charged by Admiral Sir MICHAEL SEYMOUR with
having disingenuously in his (SirMicHAEL's) regard,
" hinted a fault and hesitated dislike!" These
were the three points upon which Lord ELGIN, last
evening, offered to his peers a full and complete
explanation. In regard to the firs* ^'-
that of •

ROYAL PRINCESS'S THEATRE.-
Lessee, Mr. A. Harris.
Re-engagement of the Wonderful Danc,,r, Mons. Espinosa.
First appearance of Mdlle. Marietta Rosetta, Principal Dan-
seuse of La Scala, Milan ; and the Delapierre Family.
These highly-talented Children will appear every night.
The Royal Princess's Rifles on parade every evening.
THIS EVENING, the Comedy of MONEY. Messrs. Geo.
Melville, Ryder, Frank Mathews, AViddicomb,
Saker, Garden, Graham ; Misses Carlotta Lee'—
and Mrs Charles volinf,

r.ATRE - ROYAL, AD ELPHI.
Sole Proprietor and Manager, Mr. Benj. Webster.

Second Week of Mr. and Mrs. Alfred Wigan.
This Evening (Ash Wednesday) No Performance.
TO-MORROW EVENING, to commence with TIIE
BENGAL TIGER. Messrs. Alfred Wigan, J. L. Toole,
Eburne, Mrs. A. Wigan, and Mrs, Billing,ton.
After which (by desire, at eight o'clock), and for Ibis
night only, THE DEAD HEART. Messrs. Benjamin
Webster, J. L. Toole, David Fisher, P. Bedford, C. J. Smith,
Billington, Powell, Romer, Miss Woolgar, K. Kelly.
Doors open at half-past six—Commence at seven. Box-
Office open from 10 to 5. No charge for securing seats,
nor fer bills of performance. All fees to servants of this
establishment are strictly prohibited.
Acting Manager—Mr. Wm. Smith.

ROYAL ST. JAMES'S THEATRE,
King-street, St. James's. Lessee, Mr. T. B. Chatter-
ton. Directress, Miss Wyndham. The nearest Theatre to
Chelsea, Pimlico, and Westminster, the Park being open to
carriage■ and toot passengers all hours of the night.

-TO-MORROW, MAGIC TOYS. Miss Lydia Thompson.
After which, FIRST AFF EuTIONS. Messrs. 11. T.
Craven, G. Spencer, and Miss Wyndham.

Followed by a new burlesque called DIDO. Mr. Charles
Young, Mesdames Wyndham, Clara St. Casse, Murray, Eliza
Arden, C. Ranoe, A. Evans, and Corps de Ballet.
To conclude.with I WILL, IF YOU WILL.

Reduced Prices—Gallery, 6d ; Pit, ls. The Box-office open
from 11 to 5 daily. Doors open at half—past six; perform
ance commences at 7.

CANTERBURY HALL
THIS EVENING,
LUCREZIA BORGIA,
(Donizetti).

CONCERTS.-

Donna Lucrezia Miss Russell.
Maffio Orsini Mrs. Anderson.
ennaro Mr. Henry Herbert.
Don Altonzo Signor Tivoli.
Conductor—Mr. Jonglim ans.
Comic Vocalists —Messrs. George Hodson (the Irish Come-
dian and Mimic), W. T. Critchtield, and E. W. Mackney.
Several interesting Pictures are added to the Fine Arts
Gallery. The suite of Halls have been re-decorated and
beautified. and constitute one of the most unique and brilliant
eights of the metropolis.
The gallery is open from 5 till 11 on Sunday Evening.

THE WEATHER.-SUN OFFICE, FEB. 22, 1860.

THERMOMETER, IN THE SHADE.
44—highest since noon yesterday.
38—lowest this morning and during the night.
42—this day at noon.

BAROMETER-30 ; rising.
WIND, North-Easterly ; fresh, with dull cold weather.

lIIGH WATER AT LONDON BRIDGE.
THIS DAY.—Morning, 2h. 35m.—Afternoon, 2h. 51m,
To-moßttow.-Morning, :3h. 6m.—Afternoon, 3h. 21m,

4; A !re .04 le
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,k,.... 61.-32( 4,A.5. „..„,4
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.0 e.kcnange the ratifications. Had
there been any one in the other house qualified to
give an answer, or to explain the occurrence, it
would have been seen that I was never charged with
the ratifications of the treaty at Pekin, that they
were never placed in my possession, and that I never
had the option of going to Pekin. No doubt it was
the obvious, proper, and natural course to charge
the Minister remaining permanently in China with
such duties, but if it was intended to imply a doubt
of my readiness and willingness to discharge the
most difficult and disagreeable portion of the mis-
sion entrusted to me, 1 think the sting of such an
insinuation would have been removed by such an
answer as I have suggested, and by explaining the
real facts of the case." Surely not a syllable fur-
ther upon this point can be deemed for a single
moment necessary. In regard to the second
charge, that of needless severity to the Chinese,
thus spoke Lord ELGIN immediately, and
without one instant's hesitation :—" On an-

other occasion some very severe reflections were
passed on me by an hon. gentleman whose speech
I first read in an American review, and in which
it was alleged that I exhibited undue harshness
because I pressed that on the Chinese which my
colleagues did not. That hon. gentleman might
have bees, reminded that I did not go out to
China without instructions; that it was not a
matter of choice with me whether I should put
forward these demands on the Chinese Govern-
ment; and, above all, that I should have
assumed a most serious responsibility had I
abstained from pressing the demand for a re-
sident Minister at Pekin in the face of positive
instructions ; that I was obliged to have re-
course to coercive measures in China ; that I was

not to make permanent arrangements, or, to use an
euphonism, amicable commercial relations with
China, until the object of the mission was accom-
plished." As to the point in dispute between Lord
ELGIN and Sir MICHAEL SEYMOUR that will be
very shortly cleared up beyond the possibility of
further doubt by the publication of the forth-
coming supplementary correspondence between
them. In the meantime Lord ELGIN has,
in the most frank and candid manner, offere d
his acknowledgments for the eminent services by
which the members of the Royal Navy out in
those seas meritoriously forwarded, according to
his own showing, the progress, and efficiently con-
duced to the success, of his swift and memorable
expedition.

TII E S UN.
LONDON, WEDNESDAY, FEB. 22, 1860.

The explanations given by the Earl of ELGIN, in
the House of Lords last evening, as to his Chinese
policy, and incidentally also as to his policy in
regard to the Japanese, were as complete as they
were temperate and satisfactory. It seems a strange
thing that the noble lord should have had cause,
however, for entering upon these same explana-
tions. For his mission to the East stands almost,
we believe we might without much temerity ven-
ture to say, altogether without any parallel in the
history of British diplomacy—as for that matter,
indeed, in the annals of the diplomacy of modern
civilisation. It was a mission so very rapidly and
skilfully brought to a triumphant conclusion ! In
writing of it thus, we are reverting to facts that
are world-famous, and that are still vividly within
the recollection of the general multitude. It
cannot but be remembered very distinctly as
an incident, so to speak, but of yesterday that
the tidings of the happy negotiation of the
treaties of peace entered into respectively with the
Chinese and Japanese Governments, by the Eerl
of ELGIN, as her Britannic MAJESTY'S Plenipoten-
tiary Extraordinary, came to this country as really
and truly a Radiant Surprise. England was
scarcely aware that those negotiations had com-
menced, when she learnt with wonder that they
had been brought to a successful termination. The
war with China (our second war with China,
dating from the affair of the lorcha Arrow), had
hardly begun before it was ended. The war with
Japan can scarcely be said to have ever been seri-
ously commenced. The barriers of seclusion from
ourselves, and from nearly all the rest of the
world, crumbled into dust, we might almost say,
without profanity, like the walls of Jericho, at
the sound of the trumpets of the Israelites. All
our demands—which were in themselves by no
means unreasonable—were readily acceded to.
Relations were established upon a rational foot-
ing here between China and England—there be-
tween the English and the Japanese. Neither of these
renowned Asiatic races proved in any way either
politically obdurate or socially barbarians. The
Japanese, indeed, when our naval officers and diplo-
matists came to move amongst them turned out to
be really and truly civilised gentlemen. The
Chinese we had always appreciated as a race both
ingenious and industrious—we now learned to hope
in their regard that they
cwould at last consent to
yield to all desirable facilities of intercommunication
with the rest of the world, beginning with our-
selves, hitherto regarded by them askance, and
with profound suspicion, as outer barbarians.
Having with this surprising rapidity
and complete-
ness effected all the great objects entrusted to his
tare as a diplomatist, as Her MAJESTY'S Plenipo_
teL'tiary
Ntrtit the Chinese and Japanese Govern-
returned home as the most vic-
inestss, Lord ELGIN
torious of all pacific conquerors. His mission in
effect was from first to last so satisfactorily accom•
plished, that no sooner was the DERBY Ministry
ousted by the Coalition under those " two Kings of
13Tentford smelling at one rose," Lord JOHN Rus-
s Es. and Lord PALMERSTON, than the nation
saw— -in evidence of his Chinese mission having been
stbeolulictly completed and done with—the ex-
Anallaagador to the East installed in office at St.

Thursday and Friday evenings will, in all
human probability, compensate for the wonderfully
dull debate of yesterday. We shall then hear the
great guns firing away at one another in earnest—in-
stead of watching a mere preliminary skirmish like
that of last evening. Yesterday, in fact, it was
simply the pawns that were brought forward on
the chessboard of Parliament—the game in real
earnest has not yet commenced. Mr. Du CANE,
with no inconsiderable ability, thrust forward
his very trenchant and two-edged resolution,
revised, or, so to speak, re-stropped, for a cut
to the right at the Treaty, to the left
at the Budget, thus : " That this House,
recognising the necessity of providing for
the increased expenditure of the coming financial
year, is of opinion that it is not expedient to add to
the existing deficiency by diminishing the ordinary
revenue, and is not prepared to disappoint the just
expectations of the country by re-imposing the
Income-tax at an unnecessay high rate." Can any
sane man deny the reasonableness of either the
eoxnepedoirentthoef oatdhdeirnaof
tothetshee perxoipstoisnigtiondsefi?
cieTnohye
by diminishing the ordinary revenue, points, of
course, as any one can see with half an eye, to the
" Sop to Cerberus," the Peace Offering of remitted
duties upon French produce and upon French ma-
nufactures (without an equivalent !) to the tune of
£1,000,000 ! An addition to the already enor-
mous deficit (caused, as we all know, by Mr.
COBDEN'S FRENCH TREATY) which is charm-
ingly made up (as we also very well know) through
Mr. GLADSTONE'S FRENCH BUDGET by the
additional Id. in the £1 upon the income-tax,
that additional penny representing the required
£1,000,000 ! No one wanted this Secret Treaty
—least of all English Free Traders, who,
upon principle, look with jealousy upon all rigid
commercial treaties as things of the past—
particularly regarding with jealousy a treaty in
which the reciprocity is all on one side, a treaty in
which if Monsieur has incontestably his quo, while
poor English Jack looks in vain for his compensa-
tive quid ! Above all and beyond all earnest
Free Traders must look with suspicion upon a treaty
so very secretly negotiated—and negotiated, too, in
this particularly secret manner, between the
Imperial ruler of the most formidable military
power upon the Continent, and an English mer-
chant, who, besides being the chief of all living
Free Traders, is one of those most notoriously
labouring under the Peace-at-any-Price hallucina-
tion! This is the price of the Peace Treaty nego-
tiated by Jr. COBDEN—the uncompensated
remission by England of another £1,000,000,
to be added to an already large deficiency,
to bo made up
by another by the increase of the Income Tax
£1,000,000! And to what end? To
please his Imperial Majesty the Emperor NAPO-
LEON III! To afford gratification to the French
Protectionists ! To do all this in the name of Free
Trade! And for the sake of Peace to pay thus

out of the pockets of ),he English people for the
luxury of a War Budget—raising on the Income
Tax £10,000,000, and expending on the
Army and Navy £30,000,000 ! How else,
however, pay the required £70,000,000 upon
the year ? How ? Certainly not by unnecessarily
diminishing our ordinary revenue in the time of a
gigantic deficit ! Certainly not by imposing in a
time of peace (and, forsooth, in the name of
peace !) a war tax like this cruel income-
tax, amounting to tenpence in the £l, or to
a total upon the year of £10,000,000 ! If we needs
must have this war-tax at all in a time of peace, why
not continue it at 5d., instead of imposing it at 10d.
in the Ll ?—raising by a LOAN (that would spread
the burthen upon the future) the additional
amount that might be required to make up
this frightful deficiency—a LOAN yielding some
£4,000,000 or £5,000,000 ? These are the vitally
important questions that will have to be answered
in the House of Commons upon Thursday or Friday
night, or, more probably, early on Saturday morn-
ing, by the result of the Division !

LATEST

NEW &.

The following telegrams have been received at
Mr. Reuter's office :

VIENNA, WEDNtSDAY.

The Weiner Zeitung of to-day says :—" We learn
that the question concerning the capability to pos-
sess landed property by Jews of those provinces not
mentioned in yesterday's Imperial Decree, is re-
served for decision by the future representatives of
the country."

ROME, TUESDAY'

M. Thouvenel's dispatch of the 12th was pre-
sented two days ago by the Duke of Grammont
to the Holy Father. The Secretary of the Roman
States has in his reply confined himself to stating
that immediately upon receiving the orders of the
Sovereign Pontiff he will place the Nuncio at Paris
in a position to communicate the intentions of the
Papal Goverment. The most influential members
of the Holy College affirm that the Pope holds in
readiness a motu proprio, already signed, realising
the promises of Gaeta, but that before promulgating
this motu proprio Pius IX. demands that the patri-
mony of St. Peter shall be guaranteed to him.

BERLIN, TUESDAY, FEB. 21.

The New Prussian Gazette says :--
" We learn that a proposal of the Cabinet of St.
Petersburg for the assembling of a Conference of
the five great Powers has been forwarded to Paris,
and that Prussia has joined in the proposal."

MADRID, FEB. 21.
The following official bulletin from the army in
Africa has been published:—
"The Moors having prepared to cannonade
Melilla, Brigadier Buceta, then convalescent, at-
tacked and carried their positions. The Spanish
loss was 31 men. Brigadier Buceta re-entered
Melilla more indisposed than before, and confided
the command to the Colonel. The Moors, being
very numerous, recaptured their positions, but
Brigadier Buceta returned, and again carried them,
with the loss of 182 men."

VIENNA, FEE. 21.

An Imperial decree of to-day concedes to the
Jews of Lower Austria, Moravia, Silesia, Hungary,
theyiovodina, and the Banat, Croatia, Sclavonia,
Dalmatia, and the littoral districts, the right of
possessing real property. They cannot, however,
exercise the rights of patronage, jurisdiction, or
scholastic representation attached to such pos-
session. They may become agricultural proprietors
if, in compliance with the law, they are domiciled
upon their establishments, and cultivate the land
themselves• In Galicia, the Bukowina, and Cracow
the rights enjoyed by Christians connected with
the possession of real property are granted to
those Jews who have been educated at the colleges,
or at commercial, nautical, or mining academies, or
officers in the army.
Other Jews may at present only acquire such
real property as was permitted by the law before
1848, and may farm landed property belonging to
the Crown, but not real property of the kind styled
Russkal farms.

ROME, FEB. 18' (via MARSEILLES.)

Twenty-five English Catholic deputies have pre-
sented to the Pope a protest from the faithful,
which has afforded great consolation to the Holy
Father.

The army of the Romagna has received rein-
forcements. The Archduke Maximilian has sent
to the Popo 2,000 capotes, a battery, and some

cavalry.

FRANCE.

PARIS, TUESDAY.

The 2tloniteur publishes the official return of the
Customs revenue for the month of January, amount-
ing to 13,611,237 f., being an increase of 1,022,990 f.
on the corresponding month of 1859, and of
1,383,232 f. on that of 1858.

The circular despatch of M. Thouvenel on the
Roman question appears to have caused a great
sensation at Vienna, if we may judge from the
comments there made on it by the journals. The
Ost Deutsche Post speaks of it as follows :

"We lately did violence to our judgment in
appreciating the relations between France and
Austria. Wishing to preserve to our country that
peace of which it stands so much in need, we took
care not to throw oil on the flames, and expose the
conduct of France with regard to Austria. We
however
painful it may sometimes
be ourselves the same reserve,
longssollal toshall
u osn' t continue,
imposeatsnthueer' on
there is reason to hope for an arrange-
ment and reconciliation. But the despatch of M.
Thouvenel to the Duke de Gramont shows that at
Paris a pretext for a quarrel with Austria has been
long and perseveringly sought for. It is wished, as
last year, to force Austria to depart from her re-
serve and accept the duel. Let us therefore watch
with redoubled attention in order that the adver-
sary may not succeed in his game without letting
his mask fall. Let us be moderate, and self-pos-
sessed. Such arguments as those contained in
the despatch in question cannot but be useful to us
before the impartial judgment of Europe.''
The following letter is said to have been ad-
dressed by the Count de Chambord to one of the
most eminent of those who have advocated the
cause of the Papacy .
_ _

" Venice, Jan. 25.
" You have just rendered, sir, to religion and to
society a service for which I feel the necessity of
thanking you. A dark policy believed the moral
sense to be weakened, and opinion sufficiently kept
down, to venture, under a vain appearance of zeal
and affected meekness, to justify, encourage, and
promote, after having formally promised to pre-
vent an odious act of spoliation, the inevitable
consequences of which would be to establish every-
where force in the place of right. In truth, what
possession is there more ancient, more legitimate,
more worthy even by its very weakness, of all re-
spect, more. frequently guaranteed by treaties, more
generally proclaimed as necessary for the tranquil-
lity of the world, than the temporal dominions of
the Papacy ? How can we do otherwise than
recognise in this work of ages a decree of Provi-
dence securing to the Chief of the Church, the
principal source and venerated centre of Chris-
tian civilisation, the spiritual independence which
is necessary for the fulfilment of its holy and
salutary mission ? Who but must feel that to
annul a right so sacred is to annul every other
right ? To despoil the Sovereign in the person
of the successor of St: Peter is to menace all
sovereigns ; and to overthrow his throne, which
has stood a thousand years, is to sap the
foundations of every throne. It is sad to see
France thus made use of as the instrument
against her own conscience, her heart, her tradi-
tions, and all her interests, in order to carry out
attempts which can end only in now convulsions.
Thus, in this common danger, to the voice of
the Episcopacy, which has raised the cry of alarm,
are joined other voices no less courageous, no
less zealous, in support of the cause of right and of
liberty, confounded and attacked at the same time as
they are in their august representative the Pontiff-
King. But no one has done so with more energy,
reason. Went, and eloquence than M. -, and I
have read, not without being deeply affected, what
he says at its close to a Pontiff so meek, so con-
fiding, so generous, and now so tried by
affliction. (The Count de Chambord here quotes a
passage from the pamphlet alluded to, which en-
courages the Pope to resist, and to defend his rights,
and with them the rights of the weakest Sovereign.)
" May those noble and touching words be heard
by all ! How much to be regretted is it that,
under the pressure which now keeps down in
the depths of the heart the most noble senti-
ments, the absence of a wise liberty, abandoning
to the mercy of arbitrary will all rights and all
onprinciples,,leaveswithut defence, without protec-
tion,
the expression of my withoute guarantee,.
~
the dearest' interests of
France, of religion, and of society.
gratitude,

- -." HENRY."
TUE BOURSE, Feb. 21.--The market has been

THE SUN, LONDON, WEDNESDAY EVENING, FEBRUARY 22, 1.F.6R

firm-awing,tathe.clivision on Mr. Disraeli's amend-
ment and the majority of 63 given to the English
Cabinet. Threes, after having been done at 67f
85c, improved to 67f 95c. Mobilier varied from
742 f 50e to 747 f 50c—Austrian, 498 f 75e to 501 f
25c—Lombard, 543 f 75e to 542f—Lyons, 882 f 50e
to 883 f 75c—Orleans, 1,360 f to 1,362 f 50c.
The following are the last quotations :-
4f per Cents. .... 97 85 Credit Foncier 740
Do. end month .. 97 90 Belgian 4±, •.. •
3 per Cents 6B Piedmonten (5)
Do. end month 6B Roman
Bank Shares. 2805 Austrian
Cr6dit Mobilier 747 50 Spanish Threes
Do. Account Home Debt

80 25

77 50

43 75