The Sun.
London, England, 1860-09-17 00:00:00

TILE FRENCR GOVERN:III7,I\77 ANY) TILE
211.4.1:C1T OF TILE A. 101.1%

The Courriuth .7_Thi2cznclc; publ,isliu; a -
etters and telegrams sent to the Einperor of the

French from Victor Emmanuel. His defence of

the march of the Sardinian army southward will
be read with interest. He says that Garibaldi had

declared that he would march. on Rome, notwith-
standing the presence of the French troops; to
avoid a collision, he places himself between them
by occupying the Roman States. The article
proceeds :

" King Victor Emmanuel warns the Emperor of
the painful necessity of interfering in the Roman
States, a necessity imposed on him by the most
imperious circumstances. In renewing to the
Emperor the arguments in favour of this in-
tervention, and which are deduced from the immi-
nent dangers to which the presence, the increase,
and the concentration of foreign troops, disguised
under the Papal uniform, expose Italy, the King
explains to the Emperor another order of things
and of ideas, which makes it absolute law for him
to send an army into the Marches and Umbria.
Victor Emmanuel did all he could to limit Gari-
baldi's exploits to Sicily. But the General went_
further, in spite of the King's counsels ; conse-
quently, the King's Government and his Majesty
personally have no reason to expect obedience on
the part of Garibaldi, whose prestige and influence
have prodigiously increased. It is not certain that,
in the enthusiasm of his successes, he will continue
very religiously to adhere to monarchical princi-
ciples ; and it is to be feared that, in a moment of
weakness, he might treat with Mazzini. Besides,
Garibaldi has formally declared his intention to
go to Rome notwithstanding the presence of the
French troops. King Victor Emmanuel is aware
of what calamities would be entailed upon _ltaly by
a conflict between the Garibaldians and the French
army of occuivatian at Rome. lie therefore wishes
to spare Italy, Piedmont, his own crown even, the
terrible and boundless perils of a struggle in which
Republicanism would be engaged at once against
monarchical principles, Piedmont itself, and a
French army, consul uently against the most natural
and most generous protectors of Italy. A Pied-
montese army will therefore cross the frontier and
take possession of the Marches and Umbria. Thus the
Piedmontese flag will be placed, as a separation, be-
tween' the French flag at Rome and that of Garibaldi
at present in the Two Sicilies. King Victor Emmanuel
adjures the Emperor, in the name of that friend-
ship which unites them, and in the name of Napo-
leon lll.'s sentiments towards Italy, to take into
consideration the state of affairs in Italy, and the
extremely difficult and painful positionof the King.
He hopes, and is convinced that, in case Austria
should have the fatal inspiration of again interfer-
ing in Italian affairs, and recommencing the war,
the support of the Emperor would not be wanting
to Italy. You also know that the Emperor Napo-
leon has not given his approbation to Victor Em-
manuel's views ; he disapproves his intervention in
the Papal States, and throws on Victor Emmanuel
the whole responsibility of future events. Baron
de Talleyrand, in consequence, has handed a note to
Count Cavour, informing the Government that the
entrance of the Sardinian troops on the Papal terri-
tory will impose on him the painful obligation of
immediately demanding his passports and return-
ing to France."
In addition to these documents we have a me-
morandum supplied by the official Gazette, which
has been forwarded to the Sardinian representa-
tives at foreign Courts. It depicts the situation of
Italy after the peace of Villafranca, it mentions the
refusal of the Court of Rome to comply with the
demand to dismiss the foreign troops, and justifies
the imperative reasons which have forced the
Sardinian Government to act under pain of allow-
ing the Italian movement to be lost in anarchy
and disorder. The memorandum repeats that the
King's troops will scrupulously respect the city of
Rome and its territory. It makes an appeal to the
Sovereign Pontiff, who, it observes, some years back
encouraged the national movement, and it terminates
by declaring that when the Pope will have perceived
that the regeneration of Italy is in the designs of
Providence, he will be once more the Father of the
Italians, as he has always been the august and
venerated father of all believers.
The Gazette also publishes Count Cavour's re-
monstrance to Cardinal Antonelli upon the enlist-
ment of foreign troops by Rome, five-sixths of the
Roman army consisting of Austrians.
The document in question is conceived in mode-
rate but peremptory terms. The King's Govern-
ment points out the dangers which result for every
one in Italy from the uneasiness and excitement
which are being continually kept up in the public
mind by the presence of foreign troops in the Papal
States. The King's Government considers this a
flagrant infraction of the principle of non-interven-
tion officially proclaimed and accepted by the powers.
The assembling and increase of those foreign troops
daily furnish to Italian patriotism a right to enter-
tain fears for the future fate of the country, and to
dread that under a uniform and flag of an Italian
Prince, like the Pope, Austria may return and
again plant herself in the heart of Italy. There-
fore, for reasons of peace, order, and tranquillity, as
well as of right and views to the future, the King's
Government urgently calls on that of the Pope to
dismiss these foreign troops. It wishes to have an
immediate categorical answer, in default of which
it will consider those mercenaries as enemies of
Italy and of Piedmont—enemies who, in violating
the territory of the Italian Peninsula, bring on
themselves the rigours and responsibility of hosti-
lities. Count Cavour has not forgotten in the ulti-
matum to repeat the sentiments of filial piety of
Victor Emmanuel and of his family towards the
Holy See and the person of the Holy Father, and
doubtless any other than Cardinal Antonelli would
have been touched and convinced by the expressions
used.