The Sun.
London, England, 1869-12-09 00:00:00

pECIIIMOER 9, LE6*
THE SUN, LONDON, TIEIVItSDAY EVENING,

design any treachery and would not confess to any. I
Hence " the system " was kept up. It was only the
I
just mode of dealing, in Mr. KELLY'S opinion,
and if the court knew its business it would
reject Mrs. KELLY'S petition and send her back to
her loving husband—" the system," of course, to go
on as before. But Mr. KELLY'S notions of matri-
monial law were unfortunately one-sided. He
had a large idea of the powers properly
belonging to a husband, but a very insuffi-
cient conception of the duties which devolve
upon the head of a family. The husband, as Lord
PENZANCE pointed out, is master of the wife':
person, money, and rights. He can compel
obedience to his wishes—but only by rea-
sonable means. If such means fail, cruelty cannot
be tolerated. The only submission worth having is
that which is willingly and cheerfully rendered. II
the husband be unable to secure such submission, the
law cannot recognise a system of treatment by which
the life of his partner is placed in jeopardy, and the
very ends of matrimony itself are set at nought. The
Rev. Mr. kEI,LY has to maintain his wife, and at the
same time loses control over her. Relieved
from the burden of such a charge, he will
have leisure to study the difference between cruelty
and the just rights of the conjugal relation.

THI vigorous Protectionist revival, which is now
in full swing on both sides of the Channel, is one of

the strangest agitations of late years. There is
nothing new or remarkable in the doctrines pro-
pounded ; but the circumstances attendant upon this
fresh raid against Free Trade are certainly singular.
The English Protectionists, or advocates of Reci-
procity, as they call themselves, condemn the
French Treaty as injurious to England; the French
protest against the renewal of the bargain, on the
ground that it has injured France. The Anti-Free
Trade organisation in each State is powerful, espe-
cially in France ; but neither has been able to secure
the support of any regular political party. In this
country not a single politician of the first order
has pronounced for Reciprocity. ,The agita-
tion is supported by an alliance between second
and third-rate members of Parliament and
the handicraftsmen of certain depressed trades. In
France, though Free Trade has won much less
general favour than here, though self-interest is even
louder, and though the distress in various manufac-
tures is equally great, the present movement
has made surprisingly little way. Meetings
of Protectionists have been held in all the
great towns. A Government inquiry is under
consideration. Notice of a motion that the commer-
' cial treaty with England be not renewed has beer;
given in the French Parliament. But in spite of this
very powerful feeling, only 32 deputies out of
292 have signed the notice, and the workmen
of several large towns have declared against
Protection. In England the bulk of the Reci-
procity partisans are Conservatives; their "organs
are exclusively Conservative. In France many of the
foremost Liberals are Protectionists, though such
men as M. JIJLES SIINION are earnest on the other
side. A movement which comes before the world in
such a state of confusion does not promise well. The
mere fact that the treaty is denounced in both
countries is in itself a strong argument against
the revival. It does not often happen that
a bargain between two individuals proves a loss
to each of them, and it is impossible that a regular
interchange of commodities between two great States,
extending over a period of ten years, can have been
hurtful to the interests of both. If the French Treaty
were a one-sided bargain in favour of France, the latter
must have made a profit ; if the French nation, as
M. TRIERS and his colleagues affirm, be losing by
the small measure of Free Trade it has adopted, the
drain must go somewhere. It is the very nature of
international trade that it should benefit both
parties, not that it should injure both. If commerce
wore not a gain to all engaged in it, the world would
stand still ; if it were a loss to all parties, the sum
total of wealth would diminish.

The present agitation is deserving of every
respect, as representing a numerous party in
both countries ; but it must attain much
greater importance before it will be time for the
English and French nations to consider the
propriety of retracing their steps. The Protectionists'
case is exceptional. It is not a n9w idea that they
are opposing; but an established policy which they
desire to reverse. The onward movements of a
great nation, when calmly and deliberately made,
generally turn out well. It is rare that a progressive
step proves an error. On the contrary, so great have
been the blessings of careful changes in our political,
commercial, and social arrangements, that the best
possible arguments ought to be urged, the
most convincing facts adduced, before a re-
turn to an obsolete system is decided upon.
Are the Protectionist or Reciprocity theories of this
irresistible nature ? On the contrary, ten years' ex-
perience of the French Treaty has furnished the Pro-
tectionists with nothing better than a new name.
Under the watchword of Reciprocity, the new move-
ment is identical with the old one. And the cause
must be impoverished indeed when an educated
man like Mr. STAVELEY HILL relies on the old fact
that our imports of late years have been much
greater than our exports. They were much greater a
dozen years ago, before the French Treaty was con-
cluded. In 1857 the total imports amounted to
nearly 188 millions, and the total exports to 1407121
millions. In 1801—just after the conclusion of the
treaty with France—the imports were worth 217,
and the exports 100 millions. The disproportion
between the two amounts was undoubtedly greater
after the accomplishment of Mr. COBDEN'S mission
than before it, and it is now wider than ever. But
is it not clear that if an excess of imports over
exports were an evil, the nation would have been ruined
long ago, seeing that the value of the former has been
higher than the value of the latter for many years
past, both before the French Treaty and after it ? The
notion that a prosperous nation must send out more
than it receives, is the result of an erroneous concep-
tion of the nature of trade. The goods which are
exported from any country are paid for, not in money,
but in other goods, which are imported in return.
If, then, our imports were in any year
worth 220 millions, and our exports only 180 millions,
it follows that the difference in value must be made
up by money payments, or it is clear gain. Now, the
difference has not been so compensated, and the only
possible conclusion, therefore, is that it represents so
much profit. True, the French Treaty was a one-
sided bargain, in so far as we conceded better terms
to the French than they allowed to us. But it was
far better to give a trifling advantage than to lose
the benefits of Free Trade altogether. An unfair
contract was better than none, and it was on this
principle that the treaty was concluded.

FRENCH HOSPITAL AND DISPENSARY. —The annual
festival in aid of this excellent charity is fixed for Wed-
nesday, Dec. 15, at Willis's Rooms, King-street, St.
James's, on which occasion Lord Napier of Magdala will
preside. The elaints of this institntion on the benevolent
are more than ordinarily strong, as it does not confine its
benefits to any particular ch,ss, but is open to the suffering
of all, irrespective of nationality. It has already done
immense good, and amongst the many beneveent insti-
tutions that so distinguish this country we know of none
better than the French Hospital, or ore more deserving
the warm support of those who (I,•li6ht in works of
charity. The stewards have our best willes for a suc-
cessful result in their praiseworthy efforts to make the
festival a great success.

The very extensive Distillery now being erected
at Belfast, with all recant impraTetnsnts for the manufacture of
Irish whisky, by Messrs. DUNVILLE k Co., who have gained
a world-wid9 celebrity for their flno old Irish whisky, is to be
called "The Royal Irish Distillery."

HIGH WATER AT LONDON BUDGE.
MORNING. EVENING,
TirunsDAT ....,.. ......... 55 min pest 5 20 min past 6
FPIDAY 40 min past 6 5 min oast 7
SATURDAY 30 min past 7 0 min past 8
SUNDAY 35 min past 8 12 min past 9
MONDAY 46 miu past 9 15 min past 10
TUESDAY..., 50 min past 10 20 min yard 11

POLICE INTELLIGENCE.-7hts Day,

BOW-STREET.

CHARGE OF glalslattonTEß—Edwin Fraser, known at
various public-houses in the neighbourhood of St. Martin's-
lane as "the doctor," was charged with feloniously killing
tnd slaying John William Horne, a newsvendor carrying
on business in Leicester-square.
The two men, it appeared from the evidence, were d ink-
ing at a public-house in St. Martin's-lane,• and a quarrel
ensued, when the prisoner struck the deceased a blow,
after which ho foil to the ground, and, on rising, with
-lit:acuity reached his home. The next morning he appeared
suffering very much, and medical assistance wag pro-
cured, but he got worse and eventually died. The maid
servant said Mr. Horne never spoke after he got home,
that he appeared to be very silly and helpless. The sur-
geon, who made a post mortem examination, said death
was occasioned by concussion of the brain, but whether
caused by a blew or a fall ha could not say. The pri-
ioner kept out of the way for three or four days
saying he was anxious
after the occurrence, but then ho gava himself up
might be made against him, but
instrumental in the death of
ttitiote
meetdße on wi
ea-dsnttyrheceeitla:p.goe chargetei tab te
nons,
Horne.
A number of witnesses were cross-examined, who
proved the above facts, upon which Sir T. Henry fully
committed the prisoner for trial.

Or!

COUNCIL.

opened on Wednesday with
The CEe enical
.sayd the Daily News, Roman
great pomp. Day by day,
Catholic Bishops from all ivrts of the world had been
arriving in the Holy ctity. On the 3rd there were as many
as 460, but since that date many more hare reached Rome.
It is stated, in fact, that th:i grand procession which pre-
ceded the Pope to St. Peter's Lumbered about eight hun-
dred ecclesiastics in all. The appearance, bearing,
and manners of some of the foreign prelates are
described as strikingly peculiar. Among those who
attracted most attention were the Eastern bishops. These
dignitaries, a correspondent says, are nearly all miserably
thin and sadly wanting in the cleanly appearance which is
produced by the periodical use of soap and water. Ono
of them from Mesopotamia was recently seen in a shop in
Rome haggling over a piece of calico shirting, and was
afterwards seen with the piece under his arm squabbling
with a cab-driver. Nine-tenths of these Orientals are said to
be acquainted with neither Latin nor I' alien which are the
languages employed by the Church and the Court of Rome.
Many of the prelates have brought rich presents to the
Pope. Among others, the Archbishop of Catania pre-
sented to the Holy Father an offering of seventeen thou-
sand francs in money, a photographic album, and a
Madonna richly decked in silk embroidered with gold,
which had been sent by the faithful of San Gio-
vanni-la-Santa, a commune of the diocese, situated near
Etna. The Archbishop, says a correspondent of
the Paris I'atrie, related with regard to this
Madonna that it was often customary to terminate
the religious faes of the church by a lottery of sacred
images on behalf of those who were present; that on the
day of the Santissima Verging at San Giovanni-la-Santa a
devout person instead of putting his own name in the urn
wrote upon the ticket that of Pius IX. ; that that name
came out first, and gained as a prize the Madonna he was
then presenting. The Archbishop, under these circum-
stances, hesitated somewhat to offer the image in question,
but Pius IX. smilingly claimed it as his prize, and said :
" You must not keep it, it belongs to me ; such incidents
always animate the faith." Thereupon his Holiness took
the little Madonna, and put it into a drawer. Before the
assembling of the Council a preliminary meeting was
held, at which the rope presided. In the allocutionwhich
he delivered, he said that they must not expect to avoid
opposition or struggles, but the memory of the apostolical
firmness and constancy, and of the words of the Saviour,
who had said, "He who is not with me is against
me," would compel them to use all their exertions to
follow the right path. According to a correspondent in
Rome, the following points wore to be settled at this pre-
liminary meeting :—"1. In the event of the demise of
Pius IX., the sittings of the Council are to be suspended,
and his successor will decide whether it is to be continued,
prorogued, or closed. 2. The bishops are not to take any
part in the election of a new Pope,which is to be conducted
exclusively by the cardinals, as hitherto. 3. The officials
of the Council (secretaries, under-secretaries, notaries,
&c.) are to be appointed direct by the Pope.
' 4. The form in which the deliberations of the Council are
to be conducted will he decided upon at this preliminary
sitting. 5. The right of initiative is to rest with the
Pore alone, and no motion is to be brought before the
Council without his approval. 6. A certain number of
the bishops are to be appointed judiees querelarurn, and to
have the power of arbitrating on all disputes which may
arise among the members of the Council. 7. The pro-
ceedings are to be conducted as rapidly as possible, in
order that the dioceses may not remain too long without
their bishops.

THE COMIC PAPEI?S.

- - -

(Front Punch.)

THE BRITISH "PUBLIC"—The beer-shop.
THE BEST CHRISTMAS-BOX FOR CHILDREN.—A "Family"
one for the pantomime.
AN AMERICAN NOTlON.—Should "Bogie" Railway Car-
riages come into use, the line on which they may be
expected first to appear will be the E(e)rie Railroad.
THE RETURNED CONVICT.—" Member returned to serve
in the present Parliament.—County of Tipperary: Jere-
miah O'Donovan Rossa."—London Gazette. " M.P." may
stand for something else besides "Member of Parliament :"
it may mean, for instance, " Milbank Penitentiary."

BLIND LEADERS OF THE BLIND.-The Times correspon-
dent at Rome, writing in the crowd of prelates arriving for
the (Ecumenical Council, says :—" They are all looking
for spectacles, and spectacles aro evidently in prepara-
tion." Certainly, the Pope is only doing what is much
needed when he provides all means for improving range
and clearness of vision among his clerical visitors. But
one is tempted to ask, will spectacles do it ? Will not the
operation for cataract be required in many instances?
And are there not likely to be many cases of stone blind-
ness, in which even couching will fail—Archbishop Man-
aing's, for instance, or Cardinal Cullen's?
I uPOI‘TANT ADVERTISEIIENT.—WANTED.— A nobleman
to lead the Opposition in the House of Lords. He must
bo cleanly, sober, and possess property, haVe a quoting
acquaintance with Horace, and a reasonable knowledge of
geography, and be a fluent speaker. He must not write in
any review or newspaper, nor must he have any Liberal
proclivities. Temper not an object, as Scotch dukes are
aggravating. Theological views not insisted on, but he
must stand well with the Episcopal Bench. Must know
how to take orders from his chief in the House of Com-
mons. Must have no personal dislikes, but be able to be
very offensive on occasion. Must not be too old to sit out
a heavy debate. Will be allowed to keep racers, and
indulge in the other ordinary recreations of his class, but
is not to be considered a Turf man.—Photograph and
testimonials to be addressed, " Ixion," 1, Grosvenor Gate,
W. Silence a polite negative. No law-lords need apply.

(From Fun.)
LINK Boys.—The Siamese Twins.
The finest part of the Show at the Agricultural Hall.—
The XX-hibition at the refreshment stalls.
Why is the Suez Canal like an unmistakable snub?-7
Because it is the cut direct.
A liVitnismE FOR GOVERN (ENT.—The most competent
authority on the great question, "Fixity of Tenure,"—
" Mother-in-law."

(From Judy.)

ADVICE TO THE BRIEFLESS.—Stick to the Cause-way.

MISGUIDED CIIILD.—A young lady of 16, who had worn
short dresses all her life, positively told her mamma she
would wear them no longer.

THEATRICAL.—Mr. Boucicault's notion is that " all work
and no play makes Jack a dull boy," consequently he is
always at some play or other.
A FEW NON. SEQUITURS.—It does not follow that a man
must be born at Barking to become a puppy.—lf a man be
a teetotaller, he need not always be out of spirits.—lt does
not follow that one is bound to abstain from flesh to
become a vegetarian—all flesh is grass.

AN ANSWER REQUIRED.—IR the recent speech of the
French Emperor, which the election of Rochefort had
caused to 'be looked forward to with more than ordinary
interest, he gained great applause by exclaiming, "For
order I will answer." As on our side of the Channel it
suits the schemes of a Radical Government to keep the
country in a state of ferment, mightn't Mr. Gladstone
parody these words, and say, " For disorder I will
answer "?

NOT PROPERLY ADDRESSED.—According to the Gaulois,
two fair Parisians of high social position lost their hearts
at the same time to a handsome Hungarian, and not
being able to settle their disputes in the way usually in
vogue among ladies, fought a duel with pistols in the gar-
den of an hotel in the Rue Montaigne. Of course no one
was hit. We all know that " every bullet has its billet,"
but in this case apparently the billets didn't reach the per-
sons to whom they were despatched. Was this because
they were not properly directed

RITUALISM IN DUBLIN.—Then© was an uproarious
scene at Grangegorman Church, Dublin, on Tuesday even-
ing. A meeting of the parishioners was held to denounce
certain practices which they regard as ritualistic, and to
protest against their continuance by the rector, the Rev.
Dr. Maturin. The rev, gentleman attended and tried
to face the st-,nn, but be could not obtain a hearing,
and was met with offensive observations. Resolutions
were passed condemnatory of his services in the church.

CURIOUS ACTION FOR TItESPASS.—A curious
action for trespass has been brought in the Bail Court by
a Lerbalist and astrologer, carrying on business in the
neighbourhood of the Edgware-road. The defendant, Mr.
Green, claimed the whole of the premises o.Tupied by the
astrologer, whose nAme is Baretta, and on the plaintiff
refusing to give up possession, he triad to smoke him out.
As this failed he proceeded to other methods of annoyance.
The case created much amusement, from the evidenca of
the astrologer and othcr3, and the jury ultimately found a
verdict for the defendant.

MELANCHOLY Ho TILUE.—" Prince Galitzin," sayt,
the Moniteur, "known in Russia as a clever amateur
musician, camo lately to Koslow (n:ar the Black Sea) to
superintend the sale of the corn arising from his last har-
vest. Having transacted the business he returned to the
hotel with a large sum of money. In the evening three
priests, with long gray beards, were seen to enter his apart-
ment. About an hour, after one of the servants, going into
the Prince's room, found him lying on the floor assassinated
On the floor lay the robes and beards, which had been
thrown aside by tlie murderers to eaattle tlieuz escape
nnoticed."