The Sun.
London, England, 1860-10-08 00:00:00

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TILE PRISONS OF .2V APLEB.

so enjoyed by the monks was denied to the prisoner
who fell under the suspicion of the King and his
cOuncillors. A description of one of these rooms
will suffice for the rest, and I will take No. 1, in
which Poerio was confined.
Some boards were fixed on the side of the cell on
which was placed a mattrass about six feet long
and 2 feet wide. We saw some of these mattrasses,
which were filthy in the extreme. To render the
punishment of imprisonment 'more severe, the view
from the windows was denied to the unhappy in-
mates of the cell, heavy shutters were put up, which
were kept closed, and in these shutters were pierced
four round holes, of about an inch in diameter, but
so high that the prisoner could not look through
them. Behind these shutters were windows, which
were necessarily closed also, so that no air could be
admitted, and the same stench that rendered the
cells of the Prefettura pestiferous must have been
inhaled by Poerio and the other 'victims of tyran-
nical persecution. These shutters were useless as
a precaution against escape, inasmuch as not only
was there a heavy iron grating to each window,
but, supposing this impediment to escape had been
overcome, the height of the window from the ground
was so great that any person attempting to leave
the prison must have been dashed to pieces.
But every species of suffering that the ingenuity
of tyranny could devise seemed to have been in-
flicted on the prisoner. There is one cell so low as
not to admit of an upright posture. In this cell
was confined a priest named Saro. He was a cousin
to Agesilao Milano, and, being his cousin, and for
no other reason that I could 14rn, he was suspected
of being implicated in a conspiracy with his consin.
I was told that a sort of wall was built in one
corner of the cell, out of which inclosure the pri-
soner could not stir, and at different periods vases
containing the filthiest matter were emptied upon
him. In No. 7is a large sketch on the wall of a
Madonna, and scratched on one of the folds
of the garment are these words :—" Virgine imma-
colata, liberate quest'uomo innocente," and on the
other side I saw the following inscription, evidently
written by a different hand Virgina Santis-
sima, ajutate l'innocenza, 20 Marzo, 1860 ;" thus
showing that the unfortunate prisoner was con-
fined there up to the very time when Garibaldi
made his attacks on Palermo, one of the conse-
quences of which was the pardon or release of
many political prisoners. In cell No. 8 was also
inscribed—" Guglielmo Martinese de Lecce sepolto
vivo per 4 mesi in questo carcere nel 1860."
On descending the staircase, but before leaving
the building, we perceived a sort of cavern hewn in
the rock. It was a long subterranean passage, the
end of which was walled up. The people denied at
first that it was ever used as a place of confinement;
but there were apparent traces of the contrary, and
the officer of the prison, on being pressed, said that
he would not declare that it had not been so used.
Leaving the Santa Maria Apparente, we ascended,
some on mules and some on foot, to the fortress of
St. Elmo, which crowns the city, and which has for
years and years kept its inhabitants in awe. After
enjoying the glorious view which we witnessed
from the ramparts, and which is the finest in Naples,
we proceeded to the subterranean prisons by a series
of inclined planes; over the entrance to which
might be written with great truth the well-known
words of Dante, " Laseiate ogni aperanza voi cite

ties surround the present state of affairs here, but
upon one point the people are unanimous, and that
is the earnest hope and belief that the reign of the
present dynasty is brought to a close.
Your obedient servant,
Naples, Sept. 22. LLANOVER.

TO THE EinTOR OF THE SUN.

Sir,—ln the year 1851 Mr. Gladstone addressed
two letters to Lord Aberdeen upon the state. of the
prisons of Naples, and on the manner in Which po-
litical prisons were treated at that period. The
revelations contained in the letters were so startling
and so Pull of horrors that those who had neither
visited this Country, nor made themselves ac-
quainted, even superficially, with the administra-
tion of justice, could hardly credit the statements
which they perused. But the letters have passed
through 14 editions, and the material facts con-
tained in them remain uncontradicted. It is true
that some months after they appeared the Neapoli-
tan Government of that day published an answer.
But the answer did not deny the principal allega-
tions of the grossest cruelty and the most foul in-
justice which had been perpetrated under the rule
of King Ferdinand. It evaded the real question at
issue, and dwelt upon some slight inaccuracies in
regard to details, without attempting to refute or
to explain the glaring enormities and most horrible
facts contained in those famous letters. Since that
period various communications on the condition of
the prisons in those States have been made to you
by your correspondent here, and last spring an in-
teresting account of the prisons in Sicily was for-
warded to you from the same source. As soon as it
appeared the admirers of " the mild and beneficent
Government" of the Roman States and the Neapo-
litan kingdom endeavoured to induce the public
to believe that the statements contained in that
account were incorrect. These endeatrours were
however, silenced by the very clear and circum-
stantial description given by a clergyman of what
he had himself seen, and to which declaration
he affixed his signature. I have not seen the pri-
sons so described—with the thermometer varying
from 85 to 90 deg. in the shade, and a prevailing
and most depressing sirocco. I have not visited
Sicily ; but a fe AT days ago, on going over some of
the prisons here, I happened to converse with an
official who had been employed at the Silician prison
described by your clerical correspondent, and he
corroborated all that was so graphically portrayed,
and exclaimed, " dlh Signore, guedo era veranzente
l'lnferno ; questo, in paragone, e Paradiso !" On
being pressed he gave an account of the atrocities,
surpassing those set forth in Mr. Gladstone's letters,
and spoke with an evident feeling of horror of the
scenes he had been compelled to, witness.
Having obtained the necessary order, and accom-
panied by some English gentlemen staying in
Naples, I visited a few days ago the cells of the
Prefettura, the prison of the Santa Maria Appa-
rente, and the dungeons of the Castle of St. Elmo,
and I will now proceed to give you some account
of that which the official, to whom I have already
referred, set down as Paradise in contradistinction
to the prisons of Sicily, which he described as Hell.
But he spoke of these prisons as a comparative
Paradise when they were filled with prisoners—when
those unhappy men were the subjects of persecu-
tion, when the law was set at nought, when men on
the merest suspicion of an officer of police were
plunged into prison, and dragged out their miser-
able existence chained together in couples, perhaps
for years, and denied the trial which the constitution
provided. It is a well known fact that innocent men
have been kept for months and years in filthy cells,
chained, perhapS, to a criminal from whom they
were not separated for any purposes. But this I was
told was " Paradise" in comparison to Sicily. The
first place we visited was the Prefettura: This
large building is entered under an archway which
leads to a square court, round which are various
offices; among them are the printing-presses of the
official papers, Sze. Having passed through the arch-
way and crossed the central court, we were taken to
a low archway, exactly opposite that under which
we had entered the Prefettura. An officer preceded
up with 0 lamp and unlooked 0, door neyorid ana on
the right of the low archway. We were then
shown into a dark room. We ordered the door to
be closed, and the light was very imperfectly seen
through an iro9 grating over the door. The room
was about 12 feet square. We were assured that
it had been cleaned out some time ago, but the smell
was very bad. At the end of this room was a door,
which, on being unlocked, was found to open into
another cell. Into this place no light or air could
enter. It was about 10 feet wide by about 16
long; near the door it might be 9 or 10 feet high.
But a few feet from the door the roof sloped down-
wards until it nearly touched the floor. These two
rooms may be called the " lock•up" of the Prefet-
tura. They were used to receive persons of all kinds
who were taken up on suspicion, and who were
lodged there previous to their depositions being
taken. These rooms were seldom cleaned, and were
described as reeking with filth and every sort of
abomination when they were occupied, and they
were used for purposes too disgusting to describe
and too horrible to contemplate. In these rooms
persons were placed on bare suspicion, and there
they were detained for eight or ten days, or more,
at the arbitrary will of the authorities under whose
orders they were arrested ! After leaving these
cells and recrossing the courtyard we were con-
ducted to another room. We passed under an
arch into a sort of vestibule, on each side of
which there appeared to be places for the use of
soldiers and others, with little light, and without
doors or any current of air, or apparently any drain,
for the filth was running over the pavement and
the stench dreadful. Beyondlhese horrible places,
which we passed on our right and left, there ap-
peared, in the wall a door which the officer un-
locked; we were then shown into a room about 20
feet square, without any light or air, and in which
the stench was se bad that not one of the party
could remain in the room for literally one minute,
and yet this room had been cleaned out and,is not
now in use. What must have been its condition
when the tyrannies practised by the late King
were in full operation !

2HE Ni VI.

The Foxhound, 4, screw, Commander A. Mitchell,
arrived at Spithead yesterday at noon from Sheer-
ness. The Tartar, 20, screw, Capt. Hayes, arrived
at the same time, also from Sheerness. The Tartar
on anchoring exchanged the customary salutes
with the Victory, flagship of the Commander-in-
Chief. She is reported for China.
The Landrail, 4, screw, Commander Martin,
and the Spiteful, 6, paddle, Commander Wilson,
both arrived at Spithead yesterday morning
from Woolwich ; the former reported to join
the Channel squadron, and the latter for the
coast of Africa.
Her Majesty's steam storeship Industry, Master
Commander J. Hodges, which sailed on Saturday
from Greenhithe on her way to the Island of As-
cension and Rio de Janeiro, put back to Woolwich
the same day, on account of some displacement of
her machinery.
The hired transports , Guadelete and Mystery
arrived alongside the Arsenal pier, 'Woolwich, and
commenced shipping shell and other war stores on
Saturday.
The Trusty, 14, another of the iron-plated steam
floating batteries which have been ordered to be
overhauled and repaired at Chatham Dockyard,
having completed her repairs, has been removed
from the second dock and taken down the river, off
Upnor Castle, where she is at present lying with
the other steam floating batteries. During the
time the Trusty was in dock she underwent some
very extensive repairs, the whole of the worm-
eaten and decayed portions of her planking and
timbers having been cut out and replaced by timber
of a sound description. The portions of the bat-
tery loosened by the tremendous concussions and
shakings she underwent during the recent experi-
ments made upon her with the elongated shots
from the Armstrong guns were all firmly secured
and strengthened, and the battery in every respect
put in a state of the completest repair.
On Saturday an order was received at Chatham
from the Admiralty, directing that the entry of
mechanics, artisans, and labourers into that dock-
yard
establishments
to
havingh
until further
full
complementtheof
several
hands.

The Miranda, 15, screw steam sloop, 250-horse
power, was on Saturday commissioned by Mr.
Arthur Thomas, Master, for Commander H. C.
Glyn, recently appointed to the ship.
The Lizard, 1, iron paddle wheel steam vessel,
150-horse power, Lieut.-Commander E. E. Maun-
sell, has returned to Sheerness from Scotland and
Berwick-upon-Tweed, where she has been engaged
for the last three months protecting the fisheries.
Steam was got up on Saturday on board the St.
George, 90, Capt. the Hon. F. Egerton, in Ply-
mouth Sound, and she was taken into Hamoaze and
placed alongside the hulk Vigo.
The paddlewheel steam storeship Rhadamanthus,
4, F. R. Sturdee, master, was hauled, on Saturday,
into the basin at Keyham Steamyard, and placed
under the crane to unload.

Ths screw steamsloop Curlew, 9, Commander
Shaw, at Plymouth, waspwuag for the adjustment
of her compasses, on Saturday, by Commander
Thompson, the Queen's harbour master. She is
expected to sail about the 10th inst.
The crew of the steamship Centurion, 80, Captain
H. D. Rogers, C. 8., in Plymouth Sound, were paid
wages on Saturday, and granted leave of absence.
The training ship Implacable, 24, Commander J.
W. Dorville, was removed on Saturday from her
moorings in Hamoaze to moorings off Wilcove.
Steam was got up on Saturday on board the
gunboats Goshawk and Partridge in the basin at
Keyham Steamyard, to try their machinery.
The repairs of the screw steamship Donegal, 101,
Captain H. Broadhead, at Plymouth, will be com-
pleted about the 10th inst.
The surveying cutter Rose, having had defects
made good, and having been newly rigged, was put
out of the basin in Devonport Dockyard on Satur-
day.
The following appointments were made on Satur-
dayittlohn, a
:—Lieut.eAdmi,,roanlwtyicpromoted to th
David Boyle
rankleto the
oof
acting second class assist.-engineer, to the Satellite;
J. Singer, second class assist-engineer, to the St.
Jean d'Acre ; T. J. Morris, master's assistant, to the
Miranda; T. G. Freeman, master's assistant, to the
Dasher; and J. E. Gowlland, acting assist.-clerk,
supernumerary, to the Victory.

entrate." The first cell into which we were shown
was No. 13. It was dark, damp, and gloomy; at
one end of it was a small grated window, being a
borrowed light. In this cell Felice Cappellano was
immured for eight months. Near to it a small
winding staircase led to a sort of well, in which a
man could only just stand without moving from
right to left, and which we were told was con-
structed by order of the King. Another staircase
led to the " Nuova Galleria," a largo vaulted room
with a broad piece of stonework built round parts
of the two sides, which we were told was the bed.
Fifty-throe wl5. riVlrllcaa 1 rko had sasai;r“nd were
confined in this chamber. It would be uselesi to
enumerate the different cells and dungeons and the
places of terror which were shown to us. If I at-
tempted to do so I should only repeat the horrors I
have most imperfectly described, and if I were to
enter minutely into the details of St. Elmo I should
fill at least two sides of your paper. It is probable
that this great fortress may be dismantled by Gari-
baldi ; at the present moment the guns which were
pointed towards the town, and which were a con-
stant source of terror to the inhabitants, are re-
versed in their position, and the fort is occupied by
the National Guard and a few of the Bersaglieri
from Piedmont.
It was my intention to visit the prisons on the
various islands, and I commenced with Ischia.
The castle in which the prisoners were lodged is at
the north-east point of the island, and about 20
miles from Naples. It is built upon a rock, which
is approached from the mainland by a broad cause-
way. After passing through the gates at the did
of the causeway, and winding our way on mules
through the tortuous passages that led to the upper
part of the fortress, we were shown into a room
recently occupied by some criminals. We had not
been in this room three minutes before one of the
party, who wore white trousers, gave the alarm
that his legs were covered with vermin ; and when
we got into the outer yard we were each rubbed
down by the soldiers, in order to get rid of the
animali that were swarming on our clothes. This
fact will " speak volumes" as regards the state of
a prison recently occupied. We gave up further
inspection of that part of the castle, but before
leaving the fortress I was anxious to see the place
in which Poerio and other political prisoners were
confined. We entered a guardroom in the centre
of which was a raised structure, somewhat like a

table, but under the top part were gratings, through
which the soldiers could look down into the rooms
in which the prisoners were confined. We were
conducted down a flight of steps to a lower floor,
and approached a heavy iron-grated gate. Inside
this gate and in the thickness of the wall was a
"turnabout," similar to those for the exit of visi-

But in this room were placed persons of all de-
grees, suspected of political or other offences. They
were left there for days without any trial or any
inquiry, and we were informed by one of the offi-
cers that instances had been known of persons so
incarcerated who, when taken out at the expiration
of eight or 10 days, had been partially devoured by
the rats, which swarm in this charnel-house. It is
marvellous how any human beings could have ex-
isted in such a place for even it single day, without
light or air, with the filth of the prisoners on the
floor increased by that which flowed under the
doorway from the places to which I have alluded. I
have already stated that not one of our party could
remain in this cell for a minute, but we were as-
sured that when we visited the place the stench
was as nothing to what it was when in use. Such
is the state of the' lockup" of the Prefettura.
We then proceeded in carriages to Santa Maria
Apparente. This large pile of buildings originally
formed one of the monasteries of the city, and it is
said that no less than 180 monasteries and convents
yet remain. The church of Santa Maria is high
above the principal part of the town ; at the back
of the church is the ancient monastery. It is en-
tered by a great gee, and on the left of the en-
trance is the staircase, with very easy " risers" for
steps, well suited to the former slothful inhabitants
of the monastery. After ascending about 100 of
these steps there is a grated iron door, denoting
clearly the modern purposes to which the building
has been applied. After mounting about 70 more
steps there is another of these doors, and then ano-
ther which opens upon a long gallery used formerly
by the monks, and on the south side of which are
the rooms occupied previously by the members of
the ch
the brotherhood, and more recently by the victims
e
of the late Ruler of the Two Similes. These rooms
are about 14 feet long b
a large window, from
view of the Bay, and facing south. But this view
wiThic 12
h wide.her T
is e have
splendid
each

tors at the Zoological Gardens, but as high as the
roof, and made of strong timber, and through which
only one person could pass at a time. Inside this

" turnabout" was another heavy iron-grated gate,
and having passed this we were in the courtyard in
which Poerio and others were permitted to walk in
chains, and chained in pairs !
The courtyard is open to the sky, but has no side
view excepting through the grated gates above de-
scribed. In the wall of the yard, and on the right,
there is grating about three feet square, at the
bottom of which is a nearly semicircular opening
of about 12in. across and 9in. high. We were told
that this was the " taverna," that the prisoners
were allowed to buy some extra food if they could
do so, and which food was delivered to them through
the little opening I have alluded to. I inquired
what became of those who could not provide the
means of purchasing extra food, and the answer
was, " They were obliged to do as well as they
could on the prison allowance," which was described
as both " wretched and insufficient." The other
said that Poerio did much for his fellow-prisoners
and that he shared with them all he had. The room
in which these unfortunate men slipt and lived in
chains was of the same character as those we had
previously visited, and in this place Poerio was' in-
carcerated for about two years as a political prisoner.
I send this account of what I have seen, hut have
said little of that which I have heard, and of the
horrors which were detailed to me. I intended, as
I have already stated, to see more, but my inten-
tions were frustrated by the filth which I had to
encounter, and which was perfectly intolerable.
However, one additional scene was only the coun-
terpart of a former one.

The tyrannies practised by King Ferdinand, and
perseveringly continued to the latest possible period
by his successor, have undoubtedly led to the results
which now affect these kingdoms. Many difficul-

lei

1G ~el _
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--
/2- - ORTANT DECISION UPONI
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Or TEER TOLL QUESTIO: THE YO4 (74.)*.
A 7-
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_

At the Marylebone Police Court of 1 Saturc/tyW
Seigeant Dawson of the 7th Middlesex Riffet<,
peared on an adjourned summons to ai,'ster2W-a,
complaint ot_Samael Langley, toll collecto' •,../e*.V.
_that lie-did, the 11th of September last, wil6l/4\040.7.:7..t4
horse, drawing a hackney carriage, pass witttv..4-.AN-4_
paying the toll due for the same through the Pi naz
Apple Turnpike-gate, at Kilburn, in the parish or
Paddington.
Mr, Wontner appeared for the trustees of the
turnpike trust, and Mr. Lott, jun., for the defen-
dant.
It appeared from the evidence adduced on a
former occasion that Captain Ebsworth, comman-
dant of the 7th Middlesex Rifles, offered a prize of
a silver medal to be shot for by his men on the
first day set forth for ball practice. The corps, the
i
head-quarters of which are situated at Birch's-buy 14-
ings, Islington-green, have no butt of their own, at d
it has been the practice of the adjutant of the Vie -
toria Rifles to allow them the use of the butt belong-
ing to that corps at Kilburn. The 11th ult. waF;
one of the regular field days appointed for ball
practice at Kilburn, and it was on this day that the
silver medal was to be contested for. On the day
prior (the 10th) Captain Ebsworth ordered of a
tradesman the ammunition for the use of his corps,
and it was promised that it should be sent down by
horse and cart to Kilburn. The promise, however,
was not kept, and Captain Ebsworth on the morn-
ing in question, ordered the defendant to go to the
West-end and get 1,000 rounds of ball cartridge,
each round weighing one ounce and a quarter, and
convey them in a cab to Kilburn, where he was
to meet the corps. It was whilst he was riding in
this cab with the ammunition that toll was de-
manded of him, and which he refused to pay,
alleging that he was on duty at the time. In con-
sequence of this refusal defendant was summoned.
In reply to questions of the worthy magistrate,
Captain Ebsworth said this meeting would have
taken place at Kilburn whether he had offered his
prize or not. He gave it as an inducement to his
men. It was not a select meeting of marksmen,
but the regular meeting for ball practice.
Mr. Mansfield now delivered his judgment as
follows :—This case was argued before me on the
29th ult., and adjourned to this day for judgment.
The facts were not contested, and the evidence was
to the effect that, on the day in question a volun-
teer regiment assembled for ball practice at Kil-
burn, on which occasion a prize was offered by the
commanding officer for the best marksman in the
regiment. This latter circumstance, however, in
no respect altered the character of the meeting,
which, it is admitted, was a regular meeting of
volunteers for drill and exercise. The ammunition
to be used upon this occasion was to be entrusted to
the defendant, and he was commissioned-to convey it
to the place of meeting. For this purpose he hired
a cab and proceeded to the place of meeting with
the ammunition in his charge. Toll was de-
manded, and refused at the gate, and this refusal
is the ground of the present summons. For the
defence is argued that there is an express exemp-
tion by a clause in the Turnpike Act in favour of
volunteer infantry, the clause directing that no toll
shall be claimed or taken " on any carriage convey-
ing volunteer infantry," and the clause then pro-
ceeds to exempt the horses of cavalry volunteers
when proceeding to exercise and the like public
service. On the other hand, it is contended that,
though the words " any carriage" appear large
enough to comprehend every species of vehicle, the
interpretation, according to the known rules of
dealing with acts of Parliament, must be limited
to carriages conveying infantry on a march,
or supplied by public authority, and not merely
such vehicles as a volunteer may retain at his
own charge for his personal ease and conve-
niences, and a decision of one of my learned
colleagues was cited to that effect. If that de-
cision were binding upon me my duty would be a
very light one, viz., to ascertain whether the case
before me rested upon the same grounds as the de-
cided case. This summons, however, is in reality
brought before me de novo, and whatever respect I
may entertain for what has been adjudged else-
where it is incumbent upon me to give my own
opinion in the matter, and not merely to acquiesce
in a foregone decision. The words of the act ap-
pear plain enough and large enough to support the
case of the present defendant, and when I am called
upon to admit a limitation which would produce a
contrary effect, it becomes necessary to refer to the
object of the Legislature in making mention at all
of an exemption in favour of volunteers. This I
apprehend to be readily intelligible. The volunteers
perform an important public service at their own pri-
vate cost, a necessary part of such service consists of
assemblage for practice, and to pass along highways
and through toll-bars' to the practice ground is
inevitable in most parts of the country. Such
journeys as the one in question, therefore, are not
undertaken for the private pleasure or advantage
of those who make them, nor would they be made
at all, except for the public service. It is, therefore,
easily conceived that the Legislature should deem
it unwise to mulct volunteers in the tolls of turn-
pike-gates on such cecasions. It must be admitted
that hired carriages or private carriages are not
ordered by authority to be provided for infantry
volunteers going to or returning from exercise.
I mean' they are at liberty to proceed on foot
if they so please; but the object of the act
being, I presume, to encourage volunteering,
it would be a strange anomaly to put such
an interpretation upon very plain words as
would have precisely the opposite effect. If
the liability to pay toll now insisted upon be esta-
blished, its effect pro tanto would be, in most parts
of the country, to discourage the attendance of
volunteers at the practice ground •, for it is certain .
that, but for a more rapid method of proceeding to
the practice ground than ordinary walking, a vast
number of volunteers would be unable to attend at
all. Further, if only wounded volunteers, or volun-
teers conveyed in carriages on a march, had been
intended to be exempted—rare contingencies, after
all, to occupy the contemplation of the Legislature
—it is only reasonable to suppose that the language
of the act of Parliament would be such as to give a
hint of such intention. It may be further remarked
that the use of such vehicles as have been supposed
to be supplied by public authority would be quite
anomalous in the case of volunteers. They supply
everything at their own cost and charges, J°ur-
neys and conveyances included; and any distant
march of volunteers on duty that would require
public aid to convey them in a body
yet without example: Finally, at the time he
of
is, I believe,ta eats
was passed, the necessity that a large proportion
volunteers must be carried in various conveyances
nvaeys aintceiss
aforesaid,
to the practice ground was, as _
inclined to think that they w
pt an
dvoonl ut
.n t e eAr u
pnodi t
e r
now; and, large as the wordsereof ptr e at.
pc a
it al
yr
fI
notam
seuxcchlusciivrecluym,
n
sing an i
a st o
the ex e md
solder. The
almost too trifling .to mention arises on the -word
isntatnencedsed
" infantry," compriindividual
and
word is colloquial,abstract term ;
is simply
.an.
doubt, comprswinagibtehedissimn
singular
term, " infantry
I think, beyond all
summons, therefore,
The soldier."
as well as the plural of the fuller
and, as the adjournment took place at the • t
ins ance
of the complainant, the defendant 'will be • 1
entit ed
to costs for one day.

carrying out the various arrangements previously
laid down for conducting the operations.
The Tipperary Artillery underwent a half-yearly
inspection by Major-Gen. Eyre at Sheerness on Fri-
day last. The General expressed his entire satis-
faction, and, as to the conduct of the men, stated
that "good" was too weak a word, and that he
should designate it as "exemplary.' Two detach-
ments of this regiment will leave Sheerness on Wed-
nesday—one consisting of 60 gunners, under Capt.
Sargint, for Tilbury Fort.; the other, numbering 95
gunners, under Captain Sheppard, for Purfleet. I

THE VOLuNIEER 110VE111ENT,

On Saturday afternoon the London Rifle Brigade
to the number of upwards of 400, mustered in
Guildhall, and thence marched, with Lieut.-Col.
Hicks, the commanding officer, at their head, pre-
ceded by their bugle band, to the Shoreditch ter-
minus of the Eastern Counties Railway, and pro-
ceeded by special train to Forest-gate station.
Alighting there, they marched to Wanstead flats,
less than a.,mile distant, and spent the remainder of
the day until dusk in battalion and skirmishing
drill, which was maintained with great spirit, each
man firing five rounds of ball cartridge. The rest
of the officers in attendance on the brigade were the
two adjutants, Capts. Ewen and Smith, who with
Lieut.-Col, Hicks were mounted, Captain Pawson,
Snrg. Probert, Lieuts. Sewell, Simms. Finch, Hop-
kinson, Bainbridge, and Haywood, and Ensigns
Carson, Stretton, Worth, Vallance, and Frodsham.
The brigade was also accompanied by 25 of the
cadet corps, now being raised in connection with it,
who were in charge of Sergeants Ladd and Cuth-
bertson. Preparations are now being made for a
ball upon a scale of some grandeur in the interest of
the brigade. The Court of Common Council at their
recent meeting graciously complied with an appli-
cation for the use of the Guildhall on the occasion,
and the entertainment will probably take place
about a week after Lord Mayor's-day. A committee
of 24 gentlemen has been or is being embodied for
superintending the preliminary arrangements, half
of whom are effective members of the brigade, in-
cluding, among others, Lieut.-Col. Hicks and eight
of the executive committee of the regiment. It is
expected that the officers and many of the members
of the various metropolitan corps, besides great
numbers of the citizens, will join the festivities,
and that altogether the ceremony will be attended
with considerable splendour.
On Saturday the effective members of the 7th
Surrey Rifles assembled at the Sessions-house,
Newington causeway, for a march out. Six
companies were present, under the command of
Major Beresford, Major Parrott, and the other offi-
cers of the corps. At 5 o'clock the volunteers fell
into the ranks, and the order of the day to "march"
having been given, the men, headed by the excellent
band of the 3d Surrey Militia playing " The Rifle-
mens' March" and other martial airs, paraded
through the streets two deep, down Newington-
causeway, past the Elephant and Castle, to the
parade ground in Mr. Nesbitt's field, Kennington -
lane. On arriving at the parade ground the volun-
teers went through the evolutions of a light infantry
field-day, the various evolutions being performed in
a skilful and accurate manner, which reflected con-
siderable credit on the Major Commandant for the
manner in which he has brought the 7th Surrey to
its present high state of efficiency. Since our last
notice the men have improved wonderfully in their
military education, their movements being now per-
formed with that precision and regularity which is
witnessed in regiments of the line. In the evolu-
tions of bodies of volunteers it is generally noticed
that they often fail -in executing the manoeuvre
technically known as wheeling round. The 7th
have, however, by their constant and unceasing at-
tention to the minute details, mastered this difficulty,
their wheeling being executed in beautiful style.
Ten rounds of blank ammunition having been
handed to the men, they were exercised in firing in
companies in volleys, &c. The fine weather attracted
a considerable number of spectators, the ladies tak-
ing great interest in the movements of the volun-
teers. At the conclusion of the field-day the men
marched back to the Sessions-house, the band play-
ing various airs. In the evening a meeting of the
Volunteers was held in the Sessions-house upon the
general business of the corps, Major Beresford pre-
siding. The gallant major, on entering the room,
was received with loud and enthusiastic cheers.
The chairman, in opening the proceedings, said the
meeting had been called to consider important
business. Anything was important when it
affected the pockets o tha men. As their numbers
were about to be increased by the addition of
another company from ap eminent firm in the neigh-
bourhood, and as the present headdress of the corps
was not of a military character, the new com-
pany were waiting the decision of the corps as
to the kind of head-dress to be adopted, and that
was a part of the business that evening. He re-
commended them to adopt the peaked cap with a
ball at the top of it. The ball was of a military
character and he wanted the 7th Surrey to be pre-
dominant for its military appearance. (Cheers.)
The plume of feathers at the top of the cap did not
look military, and if they adopted it he should be
compelled to resign his commission. (Cries of
" Plume !") After a discussion the Major's sugges-
tion was adopted. The chairman then said the
amount of subscription to the band fund for the las

month was only fd. It was smaller by degrees and
beautifully less—not beautifully less for him, as he
had it to pay. A compulsory payment of 2s. 6d.
per quarter from each member was agreed upon to
support the band, and the proceedings terminated
with three hearty cheers for the Major and his
officers.

Thirty-two members of the Bth Surrey (Epsom,
&c.) Rifle Volunteers competed on Wednesday last
in shooting for prize medals given by Mr. Robert
Carter, Treasurer to the Epsom Committee—
five rounds each, at 600, 300, and 200 yards
range, with the following results :—Private Keeling
gained the first prize, a silver-gilt medal, making
seven points at 600 yards; Privates R. Wood and
Radford each made seven points at 300 yards ; and
in shooting off the tie the former gained the second
prize, a bronze medal, and the latter gained the
third prize, a plain medal. Captain Hastie made
10 points at 200 yards, and received also a plain
medal.

The Birmingham Volunteer Corps had the last
field day for the season at Malvern, on Saturday.
Soon after nine in the morning the companies
mustered 700 men, exclusive of officers ; they pro-
ceeded to Malvern by special train, Major Mason
commanding the force. After arriving at their
destination, the companies were formed, the men
ipoking really in first-rate trim. Earl Beauchamp
reviewed the corps, which was put through various
evolutions, each of which was efficiently performed.
The men were marched in companies past the re-.
viewing officer at quick time ; then in close column ,
solid squares were formed, and various
man-
oeuvres gone through ; the skirmishing was
as put
confused and interrupted, and
Wit sham
out by the number of spectators; ~,he men
fight concluded the proceedings. 1
ev. enl inspected
were afterwards entertained by their
. officers, and
returned to Birmingham in the
On Thursday Lieut.-Col. Mervs, B.A.,rbour
has een raised Ar-
Se
the several companies of
in
temporary battery
tillery Volunteer Corps, n the
nn.mbbers about
erected in that seaport. The
corps
i
200 men. This fine body of ,m
fluence of the Marchioness
principally through_
- dtohteher large employers. After
of Londonderry
aLnieut.-Col. Morris expressed his
the inspe.,ition,,he
manner in which they had gone
gratification. At.t..
ill, and, said that he should have
through their c, : signifying his approval of the
great pleasure iiio_,e6l.
The Sunderland
corps to the war- ngiArtillery
underwent a most satisfactory Volunteers also
lie'
moon.
in-
spection on the same after
The Lord-Lieutenant of Northumberland post-
for the present, the intended volunteer re-
pones,
view on the Newcastle Town-moor, the season be-
ing late, and so many new. corps lately organiEed
requiring further preparation.

MAIL-CLAD Smrs.—The authorities at White-
hall have, during the week, had under their serious consi-
deration the necessity of building a further number of iron
armour-clad ships; and although we believe nothing defi-
nitive has as yet been resolved upon as to the exact plans
which are tole used in their construction, we have reason
to know that several of these ships will be laid down. It is
further proposed that one of them shall be built at ghat-
ham Dockyard. We shall, consequently, be in a position
to judge as to the respective merits of the work performed
in public and private establishments.—Army and Nary
Gazette.

(ADVIIRTISEMENTI—HoIIoway's Pills and Ointment.—
Autumnal trials.—By the variable temperatures of autumn
the human system is severely tried, and all liable to chest
complaints, disordered digestion, biliousness, and head-
ache, are generally more or lass affected. Those who are
wise will save both pain and hazard by the early use of
these infallible remedies. Holloway's ointment well rubbed
upon the skin nearest the seat of disease exerts most won-
derful purifying powers, and never fails in expelling all
noxious matters and removing all temporary obstructions,
thus restoring healthy action to the organ. While the
ointment generally re-arranges disordered action,. Hollo-
way's pills should be taken to remove all contammations
from the blood, and ;clear away any impurities that meY
lurk in the system.

The total amount of the auction ttt which the
includedtbhya I c the
objects of art
0100 late Alexander von Humboldt
vwaelruee s, owl de,r
were
s nloOt,
and the large Humboldt's scientific instru-
ments,in the sale.
goldsiind silver coins of considerable
BALLINASLOE GREAT OCTOBER FAIR, —THE
second day's sheep f
demand for ether fair appears to have been a success. The
per head waswasactive,
and an advance of 2s. to 3s.
established on the previous day's quotations.
In ewes there was a slight falling off in price. From the
official return made at the Customs gap it appears that the
total number of sheep sold was 74,640 ;unsold, 5,448. Last
year the total sold was 72,065; unsold, 19,854. Thus it
will be seen that the total number of sheep at this fair falls
short of last year's supply by 11,831.
(ADVERTISEMENT.]—A few more of the extraordinary
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lency, constipation, nervous, bilious, and liver complaints,
cough, asthma, consumption, and' debility effected by Du
Barry's delicious health restoring revalenta arabica food,
Are hero given :—Cure 52,422.—Bridgehouse, Frimley,
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blood, liver derangement, deafness, singing in the ears, con :
stipation, debility, shortness of breath, and cough, have been
removed by your revalenta arabica.—James Roberts, tim-
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debility, which rendered my life very miserable, has
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Avoid Pills and Medicines : they invariably aggravate and,
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cost '
which, at a few pence per day, saves 50 times its
„CrOg!jagna
other remedies, removing effectually, without Pl 'and
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liver complaints and all their consequences.
Andrew ure,
No. 36,418. We find it the safest remedy 4n"
Dr. Shorland, Dr,
MD., F.It.S., Dr Harvey, Dr. Wurzer,rt
td dangers of spu-
Campell. Let invalids avoid the fesd
under a variety of
rious and injurious imitations
„ti°Efe..sreare prohibited by the
false pretences. Nevin
''
iwit snienalty of .£5,000 against
high Court of Chancery underi a, j)ents .
and the pretences
Alfred Hooper Nevill d
an
for Arabica and
and that Du
that Nevill has a patent.
such patent are utterly &lie.%
Barry's are connected with
' e without the nave Barry Du Barry
No eanister is genumstreet,
in full, ontheseal and wrapper.
and Co., 77, RegliAtte" sipt imposition in one article must
Shopkeepers' distrusthc'ed in all others. Packed in tins 11h.
expect to be 6d. ; 51b. Ils.; 121 b. 225. 241 b. 40 The
121 b. 9d.; Db. 45' canisters are sent carriage free m.
121 b. and424nalbo•rder by Barry Du Barry n receipt
and C 77, R
of post-0,--- d • Fortnum MRS Co.,' Re.
street, Lon on, , on, A
an- Co.;Abb'
gent-
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60 Grac—
' t • 330 and 4,51, Strand ;49 and 6 and 150, Os-
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16, mood P 0, Bishopsgate-
street; Bettye, Pavement ; philli
tea.lsalers 1 r ettnlnA CO., sing WW a and Co,
City ; at 127, High Holborn . lad ~,, ssi-etrestA
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