The Sun.
London, England, 1869-04-10 00:00:00

THE QUARTERLIES.

The Quarterly Journal of Science opens with a pleasant
account of life in the Malay Archipelago, summarised
from the books of Mr. A. R. Wallace and Professor Bide.
more. A little less space might, perhaps, have been ad.
vantageously given to " shewing up " the Professor'F
peculiarities of style and ridiculing his glowing descrip-
tions. But the review of Mr. Wallace's work skew%
clearly that for the time being it must rank as the stan.
dard text-book on the natural history of the great Malay
Archipelago. Mr. Wallace spent eight years amongst
these islands, and thoroughly explored them, not omitting
even that nest of savages, New Guinea. His treatise
is, therefore, a mine of information, and embraces not a
little that is new. "The Projected Mersey Tunnel and
Railway" has much interest for the general reader. This
tunnel across the Mersey is designed to supply a terra
firma communication between Liverpool and Birkenhead.
There can be but one opinion as to the importance of such
a work, and also many others of the kind ; tunnels under
rivers are urgently required in several localities; but great
difficulty is experienced in getting capitalists to embark
their money in such enterprises. The Thames Tunnel is
the beacon which has for forty years warned monied men
off tunnelling speculations. Though passing under a river
of no great breadth it occupied nearly nineteen years in
construction, and cost nearly £455,000. But the Quarterly
Journal of Science undertakes to prove that the Thames
Tunnel is not a leading case. When it was made the art
of tunnelling was in its infancy. The advances of scientific
skill have been immense. Many blunders which were
made by Brunel would never be repeated now. The
Thames Tunnel was excavated too near the bed of
the river, so that instead of passing through the
London clay, it passed through the treacherous loose soil
and gravel of the Thames' bed. The water broke through.
tven with the imperfect skill of forty-five years back, the
work had advanced nearly half the distance in seventeen
months; but the effect of the flood was that the work
required nearly nineteen years. Hence the enormous
cost. But it is by no means likely that the blunders of
this first attempt would be repeated in the case of any
tunnel constructed now. The undertaking could have
been completed in the present day in a year and three-
quarters at most. The reviewer estimates that. the
Mersey Tunnel, which will be more than three times as
long as Brunel's, can be made for £20,000. The paper on
Vesuvius gives a history of the doings of the mountain
since the famous and destructive coup in A.D. 79. This,
by the way, has been done recently in another quarterly,
but there are some scientific remarks in this article which
will be found useful. Still more interesting is " The Ar-
tificial Production of Heat and Cold," a really fine paper
for the chemical student. Nor is the question discussed
without interest for the general reader, for, according to
the reviewer, it is becoming pretty clear that the impor-
tation of what may be called the waste meat of Australia
and South America depends on a practical solution of the
problem whether sufficient cold for preserving meat fresh
during a long voyage can be maintained, and yet leave a
profit on the trade. Another contribution of importance
is " The Future Water Supply of London."

Mcliora opens with an article on the British Colonies,
which describes their foundation, government, and pro-
gress. The colonies are governed both on the spot and in
England, and so far as the Imperial Government is con-
cerned, they are divided into groups, each of which forms
a department at the Colonial Office. Two of the chief
officials in that office have been there for forty-five years,
and one of them is the well-known poet and essayist, Mr.
Henry Taylor. The writer strongly supports the views of
Mr. C. W. Dilke, M.P., in that gentleman's "Greater
Britain," so far as concerns the absurd attempt on the
part of the home Government to defend the colonies. The
reviewer also urges caution in the adoption of emigration
as the means of solving the problem of pauperism. He
says "the blind, unreasoning longing to get rid of our
paupers through emigration will give rise to serious conse-
quences, such as resulted fifteen years ago from the long-
ing to get rid of our criminals." On that occasion large
sums of money were subscribed in Victoria for the purpose
of paying the passages of convicted bushrangers to Eng-
land, so that we might have a taste of the evils we were
inflicting upon our colonists. We must not tempt Aus-
tralia to send us her paupers by way of penalty for send-
ing her ours. Mere poverty must not be considered a quali-
fication. " There must be an honest desire to win a live-
lihood, and a certain amount of capacity to win it,
if emigration is not to be as lamentable a mistake as tran-
sportation." " Byeways of English" is the title of an
unusually long but very interesting article, full of curious
research into our older writers, by way of sliming the
relation that there is between our terminology and our
morals. There is abundant room for this in tracing the
nomenclature of the vices. Of old nasty things were called

by nastynames ; we now speak of them under glozing words,
and it is to be feared that we have come to think of them
more lightly than our rough-tongued Saxon-spelking fore-
fathers thought of them. Some of the etymologies men-
tioned by this writer are exceedingly curious. Gin has
nothing to do with a snare etymologically, although a
great deal to do actually. It is derived from Geneva,
and that from genicrre, and that from juniper,
and that from junior patio, two words applicable
to the plant to which it refers, because it pro-
duces younger berries while the elder are ripening. "The
Property of Married Women" is an excellent summary of
the admirable report of the House of Commons' select
committee on Mr. Shaw Lefevre's bill. Mr. Lefevre is
now in office, and " muzzled ;"but Messrs. Russell Gurney,
Headlam, and Bright have brought in a bill which will, it
is to be hoped, pass into law, and so confer upon married
women the same protection for their property against dis-
solute husbands which is secured to them in the United
States. The article on " The Licensing Laws and Propo-
sals for their Amendment" deals thoroughly with the
existing law and the various plans which havebeen devised
for reforming it. The writer comes to the conclusion that
ti (ugh somethin would be done by repealing the Beer
and the Wine Licenses Acts, no great good would be
effected by anything short of the Permissive Bill.

RATES OF FREIGHT AND CHARTER.

(From the Shipping and Mercantile Gazette.)

The tonnage loading on the berth for India, China, and
the Cape of Good Hope amounts to 51,246 tons, and that
for Australia and New Zealand to 38,424 tons.
Berth freights are without change, and there is a good
supply of tonnage.
Coal chartering for the East is still continued on a
limited scale, and rates exhibit little alteration. For
Bombay £3O is quoted, and £42 is obtainable for Yoko.
hama from the North, or 475. 6d. from Wales with full
consignment. Java home freights shew a slight tendency
to decline. Orders from the rice ports for next season's
account are beginning to come in.
Iron orders for the United States and Canada are just
now occupying a good deal of attention. New York, St.
Andrew's (N. 8.), Bangor, and Savannah are the ports for
which tonnage is in most request. Ships are alsorequired
to load in London, Philadelphia, Now York, and Boston.
For grain home, ss. 9d. per qr. is offered, but the optionof
petroleum is indispensable.
West Indian coal freights shew an advance on the last
quotations, 17s. 6d. being offered for Martinique, 170. for
Havana, and 16s. 6d. for St. Thomas. Brazil coal freights
are higher. There is an order at 425. 6d. per ton sugar
from the Brazils. From Jamaica, 355. per ton logwood
for a port in the United Kingdom or Continent is offered.
Coal freights to the River Plate are better and there
are one or two large shipments ready to go forward.

West Coast outward freights arc, for the most par;

hardly worth accepting. It is expected some fresh orders
may come to hand for guano from the Guanape and Macabi
Island by next mail. _ _

Coal chartering for Spain is going on with some acti•
vity, and there are a few more orders in the market from
Wales to the Mediterranean. The amount of business
doing from the Tyne is unimportant.
The few transactions in grain have been done at about
last week's rates.

An application was made to Mr. Justice Willes at
Judges' Chambers on Friday, on behalf of the petitioners
in the Westminster election petition, for the repayment of
the £l,OOO deposit money. The application was opposed
on behalf of Mr. W. H. Smith until the matter had
been before Mr. Baron Martin. One-third of the
costs, it was contended, had been unnecessarily and
vexatiously caused by the course pursued by the peti-
tioners. Mr. Justice Willes said he supposed the costs
were about £lO,OOO. Mr. Ford, mho appeared for the re-
spot, dent, said that a man of moderate means would have been
utterly ruined by such a petition. His lordship snid be
would Write to Baron Martin on the subject, and ordered
the matter to stand over.

Mr. Drew, of Shawfielc', of bottlenose notoriety,
has bad a correspondence with the Lord Advocate on the
capture of aix rpoiso in the north of Scotland. One of Mr.
Drew's letters is as follows: "My Lord,— I refer you to
try Hier of the 26th February, enclosing two paragraphs
from different newspapers in the N,-rth of Scotland,
complaining of an officer of the Crown seizing or claim-
ing a porpoise after it had been cipturcd by some women,
and selling the blubber for a few shillings, and applying
the same to his own profit. Inm certainly of opinion that,
if the officer has exceeded his duty and fraudulently taken
possession of the fish in the name of the Queen—which is
treason— an investigation ought to bo instituted, the efficet
exemplarily punished, and the price of the 'fish' restored to
the poor women, who so patriotically captured the porpoise,
as a reward for their services. t have written this letter in
case my I‘,ruier has Wien eregoapq your lord__, JER)
421.103," •

7RAINING REPORTS.

LAMBOtRNE.-At head-quarters we have, in the Craven
Stakes, Remus, who is well, and has been doing plenty of
work, but I think a mile is quite as far as he likes. In the

Bretby Plate we have Sunstroke, North Briton, Pladda,
Patrician, and Fugitive. if Patrician runs he will bo sure

to be a trouble to whatever wins. Eleventh Newmarket

Biennial—Disguise, I think, will not run on this occasion.
Our Derby nags, Belladrum, Crocus, and Defender, still
keep doing their usual work, and aro looking and going
first-class. Friday—Belladrum was tried to-day, and the
first throe in the trial wero—Belladrum, first ; Crocus,
second; Phoebus, third. The distance was a little over a
mile, and as soon as Belladrum was let out, he came away
and won in a walk ; iu fact, the others seemed to be stand-
ing perfectly still when once his bead was lose. Market
operators will have a rare dance b?fore the "Drum" has
done with thorn both for the Guineas and the Derby, and

serve them right.
NEWMARKET.—Thursday—Oa the race-ground side
Brut Ler to Ravioli, Rysliworth, and Neuchatel did a steady
gallop across the Flat, followed at a distance by Brad-
gate, Wallow, Blueskin, a d Vanichka, galloped the
Ditch end about two miles. Furious and Marquis of Ca-
..

rabas went a good gallop about the same distance. Sci-
mitar led Martyrdom steadily about one mile and a quar-
ter. Kt fight of the Garter went I y two miles.
Leenie bad a sharp gallop over the Plat by herself. Si:o-
nus led Tenedos and Martyr ono mile and a half steadily.
Lablache, Wild Oats, and Franchise went steadily ab..iut
two miles. Clemenco galloped l y herself the same dis-
tance. Adamant led the Egean about the same, and other
different lots before mentioned did their regular work.
Morterner, Le Sarrazin, Ouragan, Consul, Sarah, L'Oise,
and two others, I did not know, left hero for France on
Wednesday. Friday—Matthew Dawson's lot early this
morning went to the race-ground side, but I did not
see what was done. I saw Wild Oats returning
home, looking sound and well. Martyrdom, Ryshworth,
Boulogne, Perry Down, Rupert, Strathnairn, Rowsham,
The Hermione colt, and Wildbad did regular work; and
also the following that are engaged here next week :
Baronet, Laneret, Cork Jacket, Dragon, Head Centre,
Conjuror, Vanichka, Yermak, Amara, Neuchatel, King
Victor, Leonia, Pirate Chief, Nemea, Tenedos, Chatel-
herault, De Yore, Reindeer, Dryad, Perfume, Electricity,
Mysotie, Bror to Ravioli, Royal Rake, Riga, Coup d'Eclat,
Bradgate, Night Stroller, Alma Mates, Spider, SuccesSion,
Atlantis, Elferon, Moonstone (2 yrs), Stephanotis, Lady
Betty, Sister to Veda, Glen Rosa, Abstinence, Badsworth,
Meteor, Lancet, Bertha, Achilles, Regula, Restitution,
Gondolier, Blueskin, Knight Errant, Nyanza, Alpenstock,
Little Treasure, Nightjar, and Misadventure. Marquis
bf Carabas was only taking walking exercise in the home
yard.

KINGSCLERE, Thursday.—The Palmer led Pero Gomez,
Blue Gown (J. Adams), and Lietor (Wells) a steady canter
of a mile and a half. Siderolito and King Cophetua fol-

lowed. Morna, with Madame Eglantine filly and Waif,
cantered also a mile and a half, followed at some distance
at a slow pace by Masterstroke, Mrs. Quickly c, Salamis,
Girasol, and Blue Stocking. The last-named five were
joined here by Vagabond, and returned home. The Palmtr,
Pero Gomez, and Lictor wet e tried rather over a mile;
and I believe the Derby crack did all that was required of
him. Friday.--The downs were enveloped in a thick fog,
and it was nine o'clock before the same lot out as on
Thursday were on Cannon Heath. Blue Gown and Vaga-
bond did walking exorcise only in the hollow. Lictor

lid The Palmer, Pero Gomez, and Rosicrucian a steady
canter of a mile.

STOCKBRIDGE.-Our Oaks and One Thousand mares are
doing well, namely, Dentelle and Scottish Queen for the
latter, and the same two, with Reflection, Miss Foote, and
Atonement for the Oaks. Our Mary Anu and Birdseeker
are doing well for their engagements at Chester, and
should all go well with the last named he will about win,
as he is looking wonderfully well.
LEWES.—At Newmarket Provider is in a Sweepstakes
of 50 sovs (Rowley mile), which he cannot lose. He is
also in a Sweepstakes (Ditch mile), and I don't see what
is to beat him. On Wednesday he is iu the Newmarket

Handicap, but Drowitt has in the same race Choral and
Wrestler. The last-named is a very nice colt, and has
been doing well, but I think Provider is able to give him
the few pounds if they run him, which no doubt they
will, and I expect to see him nearly win, if he does not
quite. Choral has been doing well, and will be able to
take her part in the race, but I don't think her good enough
to win. Choral is also in the Tenth Biennial, but those
engaged in this raco are too good a class for her to have
any chance. Ironstone is in a Sweepstakes (last half-
mile of the Beacon Course). He is in work, but wants

more time.
NlDDLEHAM.—Thursday—Dawson sent Tabouret to
lead Pretender, Thorwaldsen, Lord Hawthorn, Argyle,
and Dcrventio a rattling gallop of two miles, the first-
named four going in rare form, and pulling up fresh and
well. Mandrake took walking exercise, but appears to Lo

all right and forward in condition, and a day or two's rest
will do him no harm. Good .11o1:e has not been on the
moor since my last. Osborne sent Weather Star, King's
Cros, Disraeli, and Minaret a slim p gallop of two miles.
Fobert's Bracken, Fortunio, Vantittart, Terror, Jaya,
Guinee, Emperor, Punjaub, Lord Harewood, Jartmek,
at.d. Duchess of Athol all galloped two miles. Duchess of

Athol is the only one engaged at Newmarket from here.
She is in two sweep.takes, and is very quick over ehor
court-es, and is likely to laud one of them, if sent. Colon&
P. has at rived at Winter's to be trained.

M.wrox, At Newmarket, Martini lue has three engage-
ments. This mare has done a good amount of work, and
never was Letter than at the pretent. I would advise your

readers to keep her on the right sidc, as she will pay her
way previous to her return. In thu Column Stakes wo
have Tasman, Martinique, Thunder, and 'Poison d'Or, and
1 must take Martinique. Tasman is in the Sweepstakes
of 100 sous each, where he receives a 7lb allowance, and I

;link will credit his owner with that event. Ho is also

in the Bennington Stakes, but your readers will be able
to judge from his previous running. Tenth Newmarket
Biennial.—The Spy is wal, and fit to run. The following
are doing good work :—George Osbaldeston, Lady Zet-
land, Queen of York, Hock, Owain Glyndwr, Sir Digby,
Amendment, Soubrette, Cula; Di Spanker, Navigator,
Grand Duchess, Mary of Argyle, two fillies by Rubin',
Taraban, The Spy, Viscount, Thunder, Merry and Wise,
My Lord, Royal Oak, Nobleman, and Silver Band. At R.
Peck's, Affection and Prior have arrived to be trained for
their future engagements.
CHILTON.-At Newmarket, Stevens has Edna engaged
in the Eleventhßiennial Stakes, but the jade has no chance
whatever. Sweepstakes of 10 sous each.—Mimus I have
a great fancy for, and fully believe that he will win a
good racy some day, but I am rather doubtful of this being

his journey.
Ersom.--We have but very few horses engaged at New-
market, but I have no doubt there will be several go for
the plates, &c., which close overnight. in the Bretby
Plate, Seringapatam is not unfairly treated with 7st 121 b,
and will take a deal of beating. Nutbreaker is in the Sale
Stakes, and the horse is very well. Mr. Hughes has
Standard Bearer and Candidate in the Eleventh Biennial,
but neitler has the slightest chance in such company as
Pero Gomez, Ryshworth, and Co. In the Newmarket
Handicap we have Cecil and Arbaccs. The first-named
has been doing uncommonly well, and if this were his
journey I should plump for him, in spite of the ruling
favourites ; but as I do not think the race good enough for
him, I shall wait a little longer before I advise your readers
to back him.
FISDON.—At Newmarket I fancy we shall have a large
number of horses. A good many will be for those stakes
that are yet to close. In the 13retby Plate we have Indian
Star, who is well in appearance, but 1 am afraid that he
has lost his temper, and cannot be depended on. Sweep-
stakes of 100 sous each.—Little Nell will run well, but
won't win. Newmarket Handicap.—Vixen gelding and
Ladoga are in. The former won a race on Wednesday, so
I need say no more respecting him, and the latter is not
yet fit. Chester (Jul. —Romping Girl has not yet increased
her work, but she does her two canters of a mile and a
sharp gallop of a mile and a qu•irter every day as well as
any mare in the world.—Sporting bye.

lIUNTSMAN'S DAUGHTER. —Wo regret to learn that the
steeplechase stud of Mr. T. V. Morgan has sustained an-
other loss in the death of Huntsman's Daughter. The
mare, it will be remembered, closely followed The Colonel
in the late Grand National to the second hurdle from home.
which she hit in crossing, and dislocated the near fore
fetlock joint. Although rendered useless for cross-coun-
try purposes, hopes were entertained of saving her for a
valuable brood mare, but unfavourable symptoms super-
vened a few days ago, and it became necessary to de-
stroy her.
THE LATE MORETON-IN-THE-MARSH MEETING.—The
objections lodged against The Little Rogue (late Nebs-
worth, late Jacob) will be entertained by the Grand
National Steeplechase Committee on the 24th instant.
Fortunatus, while running in the Prince of Wales
Chase at Cheltenham, on Thursday, broke down so badly
in the hind fetlock joint that it is more than probable he
will not again show on the Turf.
Chevy Chase was sold, after winning at Cheltenham,
for 170 gs to Mr. Brayley, in whose colours he ran for the
Hewlett Plato on the second day.
Lord Wilton named his five year old gelding by Romulus
out of Attack Curio before he ran in the Granby Handicap
at Croxton Park.

Knave of Trumps and The Nun were struck out of their
Lichfield engagements on Friday at 2.30 p.m.
MARKET BASEN UNION HUNT ETEEPLECIIASES.—These
chases took place at ‘Valesby on the Ist instant over the
saute ground as last year. The Union Hunt Steeplechase
was won by Bridegroom (Mr G. Nelson), beating Brilliant
and Lord of the Vale. For the Hunters' Stakes Becking-
ham (Mr J. hill) was first, and Lady Blanche second;
Royal Vale, Wickenby, Sentinel, and Tumult also ran
The Trial Steeplechase was won by Harbinger, beating
Bold David and three others.
A bet of fifty " monkeys" was taken at Crofton Park
about the colt by Kettledrum out of Nelly Hill for the
Derby of 1870.
EASTBOURNE HUNT, April 19.-1 ho Eastbourne Handi-.
cap closed with 18 subs, the Innkeepers' Plate With 15.
entries, On Wroduppaon'N Plato with 14.