The Sun.
London, England, 1869-05-21 00:00:00

EIiIIGRATION FROM IBILAND.

The special correspondent of the Daily News, who 14
investigating the agrarian outrages in Ireland, calla
attention in his latest letter (dated from Cork) to the
wholesale emigration which is still going on. " Standing
on the quay of Cork, loaded with cattle, pigs, sheet',
poultry, and butter for exportation, and pressed by
crowds of emigrants, whose labour probably contributed
to the wealth that was leaving the country with them, it
was not possible to avoid asking oneself whether there was
anything in the operation of the received doctrines of
political economy, and of the legislation founded upon
them, to account for the strange scene presented. There
were firkins of butter being shipped off to various parts of the
world ; cattle, sheep, and pigs to England ; a few horses for
France. No doubt there were men who reared the animals,
and women who helped to make the butter on the quay,
going with the produce, and it may surely be asked, Is it
not an anomaly that this labour power and this produce
could not be brought into direct contact at home ?
that the agricultural labourer and farmer's daughter
could not eat their Tipperary and Cork butter in Tippe-
rary and Cork, but must do so in a foreign land? If we
were left to the mere reasoning of common sense, it would
seem to elnclude that the people of Ireland had the first
lien on the products they made, and that only what was
left after supplying their own wants should be exported
in exchange for the products of other countries, not
obtainable in Ireland. But here the producer and the
product are mingled in a common mass of exportation, the
former leaving home for the express purpose of obtaining
his share of those very things which he has produced, and
whVi are being carried with him over the wide sea. It
may be said that they, or those they have left behind,
have received the representative in money of the food
that is leaving the country to feed foreign mouths; but
I am afraid that the greater part of the money goes,
like the cattle and people, across the sea, to supply
the wants or minister to the pleasures of absentee
proprietors. It is the business of statesmen to
discover the cause of the truly affecting scenes which
are taking place in this land every week. That
over-population is the cause can hardly •be true,
for I am told there is a real deficiency of labour
in the country. lam told that in some of the poorest dis-
tricts agricultural labourers get 2s. 4d. to 2s. 6d. a day—
ten shillings a week and food. It may be that what the
farmers call scarcity of labour means a rise in the price of
labour. But the two things are very different. If there
be enough of labour to do the work at any price, it cannot
properly be said that labour is scarce. Labour is then
dear, not scarce. In the decade between 1851 and
1861 the population of Tipperary fell from 330,000 to
248,000, or 82,000. The emigration from Ireland in 1865 was
100,000 ; in 1866, 98,000 ; in 1867, 88,000 ; and I apprehend
it will be greater in 1869, with a diminished population,
than it has been for some years back. Surely this is not
a sign of prosperity, and it is for statesmen, whose busi-
ness it is to know how wiLle the limits stand ' between a
splendid and a happy land,' to staunch this perpetual
drain of a nation's life blood. Whatever the outcry raised
against Ireland for the number and atrocity of its agrarian
erimes, it must be confessed that it presents no
unfavourable contrast to either England or Scotland
as regards ordinary crime. In 1867 there were
18,970 persons committed to prison in England,
and 14,207 convicted. In Scotland 3,305 were com-
mitted, and 2,510 convicted ; in Ireland there were
1,561 committed, and 2,732 convicted. The offences
against property with violence stand thus for the same
year : England, 1,940; Scotland, 445; and Ireland, 245.
Ireland, therefore, is not a country in which either life or
property can be said to be insecure. But the life of a land-
lord who exercises his unquestionable legal rights to what
is deemed the oppression of a tenant is not secure in
Tipperary, for there is an unwritten code of laws in the
hearts of the population that is in the teeth of the laws of
the Statute-book."

LAW AND POLICE.

----

THE POLICE AND THE BETTING-HOUSES.—At Guildhall,
on Thursday, Charles Peck, landlord of the Red Lion Inn,
Poppin's-court, Fleet-street, was summoned for using his
house for the purposes of betting.—Another case of a
similar character was heard at the same time. Richard
of the Crown beerhouse, Deptford, was charged with
using a room in the Green Man public house, Bucklers-
bury, for betting. The magistrate (Sir E. Carden) gave
judgment on both together, and said Peck's offence was a
very serious one, as he was x licensed victualler, and had
nut unly allowed betting in his house, but had betted him-
self. lie had taken into consideration the fact that Peck
would lose his license, and would therefore fine him £5O
and five guineas costs, to be levied by distress warrant.
was fined £2.5 and five guineas costs. Sill's fine was
paid.

DISHONEST SERVANTS.-At Marylebone Police-court,
Dr! Thursday, two servants were brought to justice
through the agency of a pawnbroker, who had given them
:Alto custody when they came to pledge silver plat, on
suspicion that it had been stolen from their employers.
In one of the cases a footman in the service of Mr.

Justice Hannen was the delinquent, and he was committed
For trial.

RAILWAY FARM-At Bow-street, on Thurs&y, a case
some interest to railway travellers was heard. A
traveller, from Wandsworth, took a return ticket from
Waterloo to Carmen-street ; but instead of alighting

at Wate,loo he rode on to Charing-cross, refusing to
pay the difference of fare for the longer dis-
tance, as the return fares for both distances
was the same. He was summoned for the extra
threepence by the South-Eastern Company, who main-
tained that he was liable to a penalty of 40s. by their
bye-laws, and that each ticket was stated to be only avail-
able for the station for which it was issued. The magis-
trate thought that in taking the ticket the passenger
accepted its conditions, and inflicted a fine of is. and
costs.

EXTRAORDINARY ACTION AGAINST A SURGEON AND A
POLICE INSPECTOR.—At the County Court at Hitchin,
Herts, unusual interest was excited by the trial of a case
in which a highly respectable family named Joyner were
plaintiffs, and Mr. Shillitoe, a leading surgeon in the
district, one of the defendants. It appeared that on
the 3rd of November, 1868, a newly-born child was
found abandoned on the steps of the Hitchin Infirmary,
and near to plaintiffs' house. From certain rumours which
reached the ears of Inspector Young, of the Herts con-
stabulary, he, in virtue of his office, entered the dwelling.
house of the said Daniel Joyner in his absence, and
proceeded to interrogate his wife as to her own and her
daughter's health, and ultimately charged them with the
offence. He then left the house in charge of a police.
constable, and shortly afterwards returned in company of
Mr. Shillitoe, who subsequently subjected wife and
daughter to a surgical examination for the alleged purpose
of ascertaining whether either of them had been recently
delivered. In consequence of being compelled .to submit
to this gross and needless indignity, the present actions
were brought to vindicate their character and to recover
compensation. The jury returned a verdict upon the two
plaints before them for the plaintiffs ; damages £2O on
Bach plaint.
ROBBERY AT NEWCASTLE BARRACKS.—A man named
Morgan has been charged at Newcastle with stealing
£166, the property of officers of the 08th Regiment, at
present stationed in the Newcastleßarracks. The prisoner
was employed as a messman, and absconded
on Saturday last. John Richardson, mess-sergeant,
said that he employed the prisoner to clean his
things. To the best of his belief he placed the
purse, containing the money he had received from the
officers, under his pillow on Saturday night. On looking
there next morning it was gone. The prisoner had access
to the room,
and when apprehended at Sunderland
some of the cheques were found upon him. He was
remanded.

TnE EARL AND COUNTESS PERCY.—There was
A great demonstration at Alnwick a day or two ago in
honour of the arrival of Earl Percy and his bride at the
Castle from their wedding tour. Addresses were presea'ed
to the Earl and Countess from the Chamberlains and
Common Council an .1 the inhabitants of Alnwick, the
Duke of Norththumberland's tenants, and others. There
was a large procession, in which 230 mounted tenants, the
Militia, and Volunteers took part; and afterwards the
auspicious alliance of the Houses of Percy and Campbell
was celebrated by II public dinner.

TLIE EMPEROR. AND THE FRENCH ACADEMY.—
The Emperor L-3 so highly displeased with the choice
recently made by the French Academy in filling up vacan-
cies, that he has written to the perpetual secretary to say
that he shall be glad to dispense with the usual ceremony
of receiving the nex academicians. In truth both M.
Larbier and M. d'ffaussonville havc never spared the
Bonaparte. dynasty, and " the relations between the
Church of Rome and the First Empire,' which the latter
gentleman is now publishing, is a violent indictment
brought against the Emperor Napoleon for his haughty
and insolent dealings with Rome.

A LOVING ROBIN. —A few days ago the son of
Mr. G. J. Wood, of Wollaston-villas, was in the Chesnut
Walks, when he discovered a half-fledged thrush that had
by some means fallen out of its nest. The lad carried the
nestling home and placed it in a cage, with the intention
of rearing it by hand, but soon afterwards a robin came
tapping at the window with a morsel of food in its mouth
for the young thruSh. The cage was then placed outside
the window, and ever since the robin has continued to fly
to and fro with food for the stray nestling. It brings
worms and crumbs at frequent intervals, and when a piece
of hard bread Las come lit; its way the robin has been seer
to moisten it in the little pools of water collected in the
yard.—Dorect County Chronicle.