The Sun.
London, England, 1860-10-05 00:00:00

MB SARDIAIAN PARLIAMENT.

(From Correspondent of the Times.)
TURIN, OCT. 2.
Grouse are unknown in Italy, and " birds" are
scarce. The Italians are no very keen sportsmen,
except in early youth, and only Kings preserve game.
Nevertheless, a convocation of Parliament on the
2d of October falls very hard on hon. members.
It is the heyday of the vintage season; and, in spite
of the grape disease, the hailstorms, and the rain-
torrents, there are still some fine bunches ripening in
the sun here and there, on the hills of Asti and
_ _

Montferrat, on the slopes of Scandiano, near
Reggio, and on the volcanic grounds about Monte-
pulciano—a region growing the "King of Wines."
If there be a time set apart for villeggiatura in Italy,
it is this mellow fall of the year between the
middle of September and the 11th of November,
when the land is fresh and bright, if not so
sweet as in April, and when " there is fruit to
eat." Few are the Italians, even the lower ranks,
who have not a few rods of a viyna to resort to—
hardly one who is not welcome to the vigna of a
friend. Count Cavour waited till every man had
donned his fustian jacket and straw hat, and laid
him down in the shade of his own fig-tree, and lo !
he summoned 360 gentlemen of the Lower, and
half as many as the Upper House, to " hear a com-
munication from Government" in the halls of the
Carignano and Madama Palaces, in this howling
wilderness of summer-depopulated Turin.
It is beautiful to see how the call was attended
to under such trying circumstances. Last evening
that notable club with open doors called the Caffe
Fiorio was swarming with Tuscan deputies, whose
talkative faculties were by no means impaired by
four-and-twenty hours' journey by wheels and rail.
This morning the mob under the porticoes between
the said caffe and the Caffe Dilej is made up of
houourables from remotest Lombard and lEmilian.
provinces. They have all come ; several of them,
who have left vast palaces on the Lake of Como or
the shore of Montenero, have gons all night a-beg-
ging for quarters, no matter how mean, in the choke-
full caravanserais of this unaccommodating sub-
Alpine capital. They are all come.
The sitting of the House of Deputies was opened
at 1 o'clock, under the presidency of M. Lanza. The
members present were more numerous than they
were on a former occasion ; the galleries, not ex-
cepting the Diplomatic Tribune, where Sir James
Hudson attended, were crowded to suffocation.
A sudden commotion arose on Admiral Persano
walking across the floor of the House. The whole
Chamber, members, spectators, and even Ministers,
broke into a thundering applause. It was by this
demonstration that his countrymen requited the
Admiral's gallant conduct before Ancona. Some
sensation of a different nature was also created by
the circumstance that the oath was administered to
the new Deputy Avczzana, a Mazzinian, formerly
Minister of War of the Roman Republic, and leader
of that unfortunate Republican movement of Genoa
of April, 1819, which was so nearly fatal to the
liberties of Piedmont. Avezzana was for many
years an exile in New York. After the fulfilment
of various formalities Count Cavour read his Mes-
sage, conceived in the form of a declaration to a
Bill laid upon the table for the discussion of the
House.
The Bill is thus conceived :
" The King's Government is authorised to accept and to
establish by Royal decrees the annexation to the State of
all those provinces of Central and Southern Italy, which
freely, by the direct universal suffrage, may express the
will of the population to be an integrant part of our consti-
tutional Monarchy."
I had only taken notes of the Message, read with
a clear ringing voice by Count Cavour; but as
it appeared in print in the course of the afternoon,
I thought it so important a document that I send
you a complete translation of the whole :
" Gentlemen,—
" Three months ago, before the last adjournment, Parlia-
ment granted to the King's Government the supplies re-
quired to provide for the necessities of the State and for the
promotion of the further progress of the national cease.
" When the two Houses almost unanimously voted a loan
sufficient not only for present need, but also for less press-
ing contingencies, they not only strengthened the public
treasury, but infused into the Ministers that moral force
which in tempestuous times is no less indispensable than
pecuniary subsidies to enable them to carry on the Govern-
ment of a free people.
" By this efficacious support the King's Government had
it in their power to follow up the fortunes of Italy, and to
accomplish daring enterprises which will leave a deep im-
pression in the history of our national regeneration.
"The military preparations, pursued with activity, not-
withstanding the great outlay they bring with them, con-
tributed to cause the principle of non-intervention to be re-
spected in Italy—a principle solemnly proclaimed by the
Emperor Napoleon at Villafranca, and held up by the
British Government, as suiting at the same time our rights
and the true interests of Europe.
"These military preparations at the same time placed us
in a position rapidly to flee the Marches and Umbria from
the iron yoke of foreign hirelings, without too dangerously
abandoning the defence of our own frontiers.
" If we look at the results obtained in so shekt a space of
time, we feel confident that the Ministers have corree
sponded to the confidence of the King and the nation. At
the opening of the present session the representatives of
eleven millions of Italians assembled round the monarch by
them unanimously proclaimed. Six months have scarcely
elapsed, and already eleven more millions of Italians have
broken their chains, and have become free to choose that
government which they may deem more suitable to their
own wishes and interests.
" The Ministers are far indeed from attributing to them-
selves exclusively the merit of such wonderful events. They
do not deny—nay, they loudly avow, that so prodigious a
change is
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formerly initiated by Charles Albert, and followed for 12
years by the Government of the present Sovereign. Had
that policy been set aside, or had its ruling principles been
changed or altered, the above-mentioned causes would
certainly have proved powerless to accomplish the deliver-
ance of so large a part of Italy.
" If the Ministers, therefore, deemed it their duty to
hasten the convocation of Parliament at this unusual period
of the year, it was not because their faith in the efficacy of
these principles was at all shaken. They were brought to
this resolutionbya conviction that the present emergencies,
unforeseen on the day in which the loan was voted, laid
them under a strict obligation to' ascertain that they have
not lost any part of that support of the Chambers which
constitutes the main stpryerneasgeftruh of
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salon to pronounoe a solemn judgment on the political
system they have pursued.
" I deem it unnecessary to recal the events lately accom-
plished ; they are so well known and recent that we need
not mention them. On the other hand, it is not the past
we are to make our theme of discussion ; it is what we
.are
now to do that becomes matter for our deliberation.
"Italy is almost free. The only painful exception is
Venetia. What our thoughts are with respect to this
noblest of all the provinces of the Peninsula is well known
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to the Chamber; and that thought has been clearly deve-
loped in a diplomatic
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improvident enterprise would raise against us a formidable
freedomcoalition,
attempt would peace us iu hostility with those Powers
which do not acknowledge the principles we uphold, and
would deprive us of the sympathy of those States which
alugenhaceaintgthere European
ground their policy on Liberal principles.
gg We view daily, and certainly not with indifference,
the sorrows of the Venetian people ; we do not forget their
cause, but we think we can best serve it by constituting a
strong Italy. (Immense cheering.) For we hold firmly that
AO sooner shall we have attained this object, the general