The Sun.
London, England, 1860-09-17 00:00:00

Acting Manager—Mr. Wm. Smith.

A STLEY'S ROYAL AMPHITHEATRE.—
Proprietor and Manager, Mr. Wm. BATTY.
Last Nights of " Mgzeppa."
This Evening, Lord Byron's splendid Hippo-drama of
MAZEPPA AND THE WILD HORSE, with entirely new
and beautiful scenery, costly costumes, and appointments,
introducing the largest stud of highly-trained Horses, Po-
nies, Buffaloes, and Camels In the World.
To be followed by Scenes in the Arena by the Star Riders
of the day.
Doors open at half.past es performance oommenoe at 7.
Boa-office open daily from 11 till 4.
er—Mr. W. WEST.
stage Manag
Director of the Arena—M. Felix Revolti.

CANTERBURY HALL CONCERTS.-
EVERY EVENING,
A Grand Selection from
MARTHA,
And Selections from
DINORAH, TROVATORE, MACBETH,
And numerous other Entertainments.
Balcony, Is, Hall. 6d.
Comic Vocalists —Messrs. George Hodson (the Irish Come-
dian and Mimic), and C. Marshall.
The ETHIOPIANS, consisting of 17 performers (organised
expressly for this Establishment), for the performance of
Vocal and Instrumental Music, Comic and Sentimental, with
• legro delineations, anecdotes, Lt.c., in addition to the usual
entertainments.
The Fine Arta Gallery is open from 5 till 11 on Sunday
Evening.

TIIB WEATHER.-aux OFFICE, SEPT. 16, DM
THERMOMETER, IN THE SHADE.

66—this day at noon.
50—lowest this morning and during the night.
62—highest since noon yesterday.
BAROMETER-29.73.
WlND—Westerly ; rain in the afternoon.
SHPT. 17.
THERMOMETER, IN TIE SHADE.
64—this day at noon.
57—lowest this morning and during the night.
62—highest since noon yesterday.
BAROMETER-29.70.
WlND—South-Westerly; rain.

HIGH WATER AT LONDON BRIDGE.
THIS DAY.—Morning, 2h. 52m.—Afternoon, 3h. 13m
To-moßnow.-Morning, 3h. 33m.—Afternoon, Eh.s4m.

A 4::::.,'",v."° ',.' I. ''.;...f•Nrc. , ''?'
.rrifOattb, ..0,~ .
a to
-. • ' ----.4414.•;'.,',-.1 __17,21 .' '
. 0.--K ~ ~, , , ~,,„,_ •,, c• 7," „ 0
-t t• - ••••;,,. ' ".',- ~,,,„r 4,„ -
-,_,,

THE SUN.

LONDON, MONDAY, SEPT. 17, 1860.

might no longer sever their native land, but enjoy '
the common benefit of sharing in a free Government.
We are told there are other considerations ; and
we can well believe it. With the unbounded
faith which we all have in GARIBALDI, the poli-
tical difficulties of his position must yet be consider-
ably increased as he neared Rome. The EMPEROR
must then uphold the Sovereign whom he pro-
fesses to protect as the head of European Christen-
dom, in which Christendom and its headship he
has about as much faith as VOLTAIRE had himself.
The Bishops of France know this as well as the
EMPEROR himself, and doubtless many of them
share his creed, but both he and the Bishops need
a POPE, and need to seem very loyal to him for
their own purposes. GARIBALDI must not, there-
fore, come into collision with the small French
t
army at Rome, and the General knows
that well enough. He is not quite so beside him-
self as to make it a point of honour for the master
of 600,000 bayonets to conquer him, and undo all
the work he has done. Now in this state of
things nothing better could VICTOR EMMANUEL do
than take the remaining work into his own hands.
If the gates of the towns in the POPE'S provinces
are opened to VICTOR EMMANUEL, then the work
which GARIBALDI has been doing everywhere is

The entrance of the Sardinian troops into the

Papal territories presents quite a new scene in
Italian affairs, and the EMPEROR has lent his aid

towards rendering it a somewhat more remarkable
one. It is not, therefore, wonderful that we should
have plenty of speculation as to the probable move-
ments of all parties, and the final results. Almost
all Europe is concerned, or thinks itself so, in what
VICTOR EMMANUEL has just done. All the great

despotic powers have their obvious reasons for as•

suming an aspect of displeasure at any step in

favour of national liberties which they have any
decent pretext for condemning. The Catholic

Powers, moreover, tremble for their chief Bishop;

so far accomplished by the KTNG himself, and
the principal will supersede the subordinate, and
proclaiming the union of Italy in his own name,

leave GARIBALDI no more to do. Roman affairs
will have been settled without any danger of col-
lision, before GARIBALDI enters the Roman States.
As to the EMPEROR his acts are easily to be in-

,erpeted in quite the pacific way in which his own

journal explains them. Disavow strongly he
must, for he reigns partly by favour of Popish
priests. Interfere he will not, nor suffer Austria
to meddle with Lombardy again. He no doubt
sees with unwillingness a strong nation forming
itself south of the Alps ; but England sees it
with pleasure, and he is not disposed
to quarrel with her just now. Austria announces
that she will keep quiet under the circumstancs of
the KING'S marching to the rescue of the POPE ;
indeed, she has quite enough to do at present in
squaring matters with her own states. All, there-

though, why they:should do so more than during all
the time that France has been his keeper, it is hard
to tell. We, in England, have but one desire,
that the leaders of Italian liberation, should render
it impossible for any of the vexed lookers-on to find

a fair pretext for intermeddling with the work.

Now, in point of form it is confessed that the en-
trance of the Sardinian troops into the Papal ter-
ritories, not on the invitation of the Government,
but of the people, is irregular. It is quite as much
so as the landing of William 111. at Torbay, by the
invitation of the English people. Then, as in the
present Italian case, had the English King's Go-
vernment invited French aid it would have been all
formally right ; and there was quite as much good
Mill then towards the repression of English liberty,
at Versailles, as there now is towards the prevention
of Italian unity at the Tuilleries. But the opinion
a strength throughout is now gaining Europe
to which even monarchs must bow, that
people have quite as much, if not more
right, to ask aid against cruel Rulers, than
Rulers have to ask it, to keep down an entire
population. Naples has done as much as any
country to strengthen this opinion. Two great
Powers had been obliged to condemn the admini-
stration of an independent Government; this was
as irregular, in principle, as the marching of troops
into the country would have been. It was only
not so strong a measure. Hitherto that last resort
has only been adopted only to stifle liberty; as, by
the Austrians so frequentla, and by the French at
Rome. VICTOR EMMANUEL is the first who, on
the demand of an oppressed people, has gone to
rescue them from the soldiers of their own Govern-
ment. Those soldiers were indeed mercenaries,
brutal mercenaries, it is true ; but there is certainly
no law at Rome, as there is in Hungary, forbidding
its Sovereign to employ foreign troops.
The question, however, cannot be reduced to a
regular international or diplomatic one. Things in
Italy had arrived at a crisis. Facts must be looked
in the face, and forms must give way to them.
Here was the broad fact—that VICTOR EMMANUEL,
by the free choice of the Italians, had acquired a
"'Wed rule up to Tuscany and the Romagna ; next,
that from Sicily up to the Roman States, GARI-
"LIM had aroused the whole south of Italy to offer
the sovereignty to the same monarch ; and the
third fact, that between the geographical union of
the south and north of Italy lay the Roman
Al'_the
States. provinces of those States,
clamorous to share in the union, and supplicat-
ing deliverance from the Papal mercenaries,
which prevented it. This itself was no state of
things to he met by " rose-water" diplomacy, and
VICTOR EMMANrEL had the justification of the
wishes of all Italians for acting on these avowed,
these loudly proclaimed, desires. Nationality has
this year, in Italy, burst through all the petty
interests and dynastic efforts which have so long
repressed it. It has verified itself as the actual
couditon of Italy, except in the small States of the
Pope, and in Venetia, which lies, however, in a
corner, while the rule of the Pope cut the Italian
nation ifi two. And, on the general aspect of the
case the King Was quite right in converting into
a link the provinces which prayed that they

filE SUN, LONDON, NDAY EVE INS Gr, SEPTEMBER 17, 1860

L 1, TEST

N E Wb.

The: following telegrams have been rei 3e ived at
Mr. R euter's office :

PARIS, KtiNDAY.
The Duchess of Alba died last night.

BOLOGNA, S E PT. 17.
ieral Cialdini has occupied very st tong posi-
tions at Torre di Jesi, Orsino and Castelf idardo.

The town of Todi has risen in insurrection and
the Pontifical gendarmes have been drivi la away.
A. provisional government was consul tuted, and
shouts of " Long live Victor EmmanueYa "

ROME (via Marseilles) S: EPT. 16.

The Papal Government will this evening commu-
nicate to the assembly of cardinals the :r eply which
bas been made to Count Minerva, 85 well as a
diplomatic circular to be addressed to :the foreign
Goveznments.

The tricoloured flag has been hoist e d at Tivoli,
Genzano, and Sabiaco ; but it is sa i d that the
people did not support the intended de a ionstration.
Numerous agents, however, are spreadix 'g agitation
in the country round Rome.
Mgr. Merode has returned from Fro a inone.
Seven agitators have been arrested.
The alleged order of the day of General de Lamo-
rfniere, ordering pillage in case of insuz rection, has
been denied.

TURIN, -MONDAY.
The Marquis d'Azeglio, Governor o E Milan, has
tendered his resignation.
He has been replaced by Count Pas(a'ini.
Mgr. Bella will go to Munich.
The tricolour flag has been hoisted :AA Foesgno.

TURIN, ;SEPT. 15.
General Fanti entered Perugia yeste x day.
The town was taken after a hot fight which was
continued in all the streets.

The troops of the enemy withdrew Knto the for-
tress, which surrendered towards evenil 3 g.
Our troops made 1,600 prisoners, a' along whom
is General Schmidt.
Our losses are insignificant.

TURIN, SEPT...IS (fEvening).
The Italian journals express regret 03 a account cf
the recal of the French Ambassador fro m Turin.

The Diritto says;—" We must rally round the
King in order to assist him in overcon ng the pre-
sent difficulties."

The other Turin journals publish tarticles of a

similar nature.

The Opinione says :—" Italy does ni3 t desire that
the responsibility:of France for her attic 'us should be
her shield. Great liberty of action is necessary for
our Government. Those States who t tire in friendly
relations need not on that account ibe responsible
one for another. The policy follow( bi by Sardinia
is imposed upon our Government b the state of
things in the interior of the peninsula) ."

MARSEILLE SEPT. 15.

Letters from Naples to the 11th i a st. state that
very ardent popular demonstrations were taking
place in that city. Many priests and monks were
fraternising with the people. A police regulation
prohibited the compelling of the inhabitants to
shout " Long live Garibaldi !"
Numerous desertions were taki r g place from
Gaeta, but the greater part of tb e soldiers and
sailors had taken advantage of the Dictator's
authorisation to return to their homes. Enlist-
ments of volunteers had been orde):red.
Liberio will be pro-Dictator while Garibaldi is
attacking Lamoriciere.

Garibaldi had declared that he would soon pro-
claim the annexation of Naples teo Piedmont, but
from the summit of the Quirinal, when all the
Italians will be united at one rational banquet.
The Marquis of Bella had been sent on a special
mission to France. A sanguinstry reactionary
movement had taken place at Aril ano. A detach-.
meat of Garibaldians were marching against that
place.

BOLOGN A, SEPT. 16.

From Perugia to Rome and the Neapolitan fron-
tier no Pontifical troops are to be found except the
gendarmes.
Sardinian troops occupy Orvietct.

Despatches received here state that the maritime
Roman province and the surrounding country have
risen in insurrection. Frosinone, the principal
town of the province, has also risen in insurrection
against the Papal Government.
Mgr. Merode has set out to endeavour to crush
the revolutionary movement.

TURIN, SEPT. 16.
The Sardinian Parliament bas been convoked for
the 2d October.

TOULON, SEPT. 13 (By letter).
An individual fired a pistol at the Emperor dur-
his stay at Toulon.
The arm of the assassin was, however, struck by a
woman at the moment of his discharging the pistol,
and his aim was thus frustrated.
No person was wounded.
The assassin has been arrested.
It is said that he is insane.

VIENNA, SErT. 16.

On the occasion of the discussion of the budget
in yesterday's sitting of the Reichsrath it was re-
solved that, after the expiration of its present pri-
vileges, the National Bank should be emancipated
from any connection with the Government, and
that special members should be appointed for this
reorganisation of the bank.
In the same sitting the proposal of the committee
of the public debt, for the conversion of the public
funds into bonds of 5 per cert., was rejected.
The proposal to increase the amount of direct
taxation was also declared inadmissible.

BEYROUT, SEPT. 9.

Ws learn by an express which has just arrived
here from Damascus that the ex-Muchir, Ahmed
Aga, the commanding officers at Hashbeya and
Deir-el-Kamar, Osman Bey, and Abdul Selam Bey,
as well as some other officers of inferior rank, have
been shot at Damascus.

Fuad Pasha is at Gebail, and to-morrow he will
enter Beyrout. His energetic conduct has pro.
ducLd the best effect.

A brilliant reception is prepared for him by the
people.

SWITZERLAND.

The Council of State of the Canton of Vaud has
addressed the following circular to the Prefects, in
consequence of a French flag having been torn
from the mast of a vessel at Vevay

" Gentlemen.—Foreign flags displayed at public
meetings, boarding schools, and on vessels moored
in our ports, have hitherto been safe from outrage
and insult. The respect for the symbol of na-
tionality prescribed by intern ational law, religiously
observed by all civilised nations, and which ought
to be held sacred by Republics, had never, so far as
we know, been found wanting in our canton. This
principle, which is nevertheless deeply rooted in the
manners and usages of the country, has just been