The Sun.
London, England, 1869-04-01 00:00:00

EPISCOPAL PATRONAGE I. TILE IV ET
21 .LINGL

The Western Morning News calls attention to a scandal
affecting the Church of :England in the western extremity
of the diocese of Exeter :--" A few weeks ago the vicar-
age of Lelant, Cornwall, became vacant. It is worth,
including house and glebe, about £3OO a year. It had
been long held in connection with the vicarage of Towed-
nack, the church of which is four miles distant from Lelant
church. This second vicarage is worth about £l5O a year.
It has no suitable parsonage, and it has therefore been left
by the vicar of the joint parishes to the charge of a miser-
ably paid curate, and has been virtually a non-resident sole
cure. When these two livings fell •vacant through the
death of the vicar, the curate of Towednack, who has been
thirty years in holy orders, most of that time in this dio-
cese, and who is still only a curate, in spite of diligent
and conscientious ministrations, offered to take that
vicarage by itself ; and though its income is but £l5O A
year, he purposed to build a house at his own cost, and
so give the parish for the first time the benefit cf a
resident vicar. That offer, as we have been
informed, was never acknowledged by the youthful
secretary of the bishop, whose energy and industry one
of our correspondents has been found to praise. This was
an act of personal discourtesy. Ent worse followed. The
system of plurali&m, which Lad, ecclesiastically speaking,
been the ruin of Towednack, was continued, and the two
benefices were conferred upon the same clergyman.
Worse still, the vicar of Lelant and of Towednack enjoys
other preferment, and this of such an anomalous kind
that we question if it has its parallel anywhere else in the
kingdom. The vicar of Lelant and vicar of Towednack
claims the vicarial tithes of St. Ives, worth £lBO a year.
So that he receives in all an income of about £G3O."
The Western Morning News declares that there may be
any number of such appointments, any number of plural-
isms perpetuated, and there is no remedy. But (moralises
our contemporary) the darkest hour is just before dawn.
The state of the diocese cannot be worse than it is at
present. It must mend, it must be mended.

MR. REVERDY JOHNSON AT NEWCASTLE.

Mr. Reverdy Johnson was well received at Newcastle
on Tuesday. During the afternoon he was presented
with addresses from the Newcastle and Gateshead Chamber
of Commerce, the Coal Trade, and South Shields Corpora-
tion. The ceremonies were gone through in the council
chamber, in the presence of the most influential people
of the district. His Excellency, in his reply said:
" Every manifestation of the amicable feeling of your
countrymen for the people of the United States is
full of interest to both countries, and is especially
so to me, whose duty it is to cultivate it. The
prosperity of each nation is so involved in the continuance
of peaceful relations that its statesmen would be lost to
duty if they failed to do everything that can properly be
done to maintain and strengthen them, and I do not
doubt that such is the determination of the people of both
Governments. My visit to your town will afford me
much gratification, if it shall prove, as you suppose it
may, ' productive of international good-will and be
mutually beneficial.' I sincerely thank you for the esti-
mate you place upon the efforts which I have made during
my mission to draw closer the ties of amity between
our respective countries, and to settle and remove
existing differences ; ' and these efforts it will be not less
my obligation than my pleasure to continue as long as I
remain in my present office, They have, as you perhaps
know, resulted in the negotiation of three treaties, cover.
ing each of the causes of controversy between our countries.
Two of these it is understood, and such, I doubt not, is the
fact, are approved by all the departments of my Govern-
ment. This removes, consistently with the rights and
honour of both nations, two subjects of difference which
have for many years seriously threatened our peace. The
third treaty has not as yet been sanctioned by tha
Senate of the United States, but has received the decided
approval of the late President and all his Cabinet. What-
ever objections may now be urged against it, I have no
reason to apprehend that they may not be obviated with.
out abandoning the principle upon which the treaty rests.
That is to say, that whenever differences arise between
nations which cannot be adjusted by themselves, humanity
and civilisation demand that they be referred to friendly
arbitration. This principle being recognised, it is impos•
Bible that a state of war at any time between our countries
can occur."

THE FIRST ENGLISH RAILWAY
PROSPECTUS.

The first prospectus of the Liverpool and Mane-tester
Railway Company, drawn up by Mr. Henry Booth, whose
death was announced a day or two since, but signed
by the late Mr. Charles Lawrence as chairman, bears the
date of Liverpool, October 29, 11,24, and sets forth that
" railways hold out to the public not only a cheaper
but far more expeditious mode of conveyance than
any yet established." In recommending the proposed
new mode of transport, the author of the prospectus
states that "in the pi esent state of trade and of
commercial enterprise despatch is no less essential than
economy. Merchandise is frequently brought across the
Atlantic from New Yolk to Liverpool in 21 days, while,
owing to the vat-lens causes of delay above enumerated,
goods have in some instances been longer on their passage
from Liverpool to Manchester. But this reproach (the
prospectus says) must not be perpetual. The advance-
ment in mechanical science renders it unnecessary ; the
good sense of the community makes it impossible. Let
it not, however, be imagined that were England to be
tardy, other countries would pause in the march of im-
provement. Application has been made on behalf
of the Emperor of Russia r models of the loco-
motive engine, and other of the continental governments
have been duly apprised of the important schemes for the
facilitating of inland traffic now under discussion by the
British public. In the United States of America, also,'
they are fully alive to the important results to be antici-
pated from the introduction of railroads, a gentleman from
the United States having recently arrived in Liverpool
with whom it is the principal object to collect the necessary
information in order to the establishment of a railway to
connect the great rivers Potomac and Ohio." In this pro-
spectus, which may be justly regarded as a great historical
document, the following are put forward by its author
as some of the advantages of the new system :—" The
immediate and prominent advantages to be anticipated
from the proposed railroads are increased facilities for
the general operations of commerce, arising out of that
punctuality and despatch which will attend the transit
of merchandise between Liverpool and Manchester, as
well as an immense pecuniary saving to the trading com-
munity. But the inhabitants at large of these populous
towns o ill reap their full share of direct and immediate
benefit. Coal will be brought to market in greater plenty,
at reduced price ; and farming produce of various kinds will
find its way from greater distances, and at morereasonable
rates. To the landowners, also, in the vicinity of the line,
the railroad offers important advantages in extensive
markets for their mineral and agricultural produce, as well
as in a facility of obtaining lime and manure at a cheap
rate in return. Moreover, as a cheap and expeditious
means of conveyance for travellers the railway holds out
the fair prospect of a public accommodation the magni-
tude and importance of which cannot be immediately
ascertained."

THE REMEDY FOR. SNAKE-BITE.—The Melbourne
Amos' Feb. 1, has the following :—" The efficacy of Pro-
lessor Ilalford's antidote for snake-bite was demonstrated
in a very remarkable manner last week at Seymour. Mr.
Stunt, P.M., on his return to Melbourne, remained there
one nght, and was called to see a lad who was dying from
the bite of a black snake. The boy, who was about 12 years
old, had been bathing in a water-hole, and was bitten in
the leg just as he stepped from the water. When Mr.
Sturt saw the boy he was in a state of coma, with glazed
eyes and dilated pupils—evidently dying fast. No medical
man could be obtained ; but there were two apothecaries
present, who, upon the advice of Mr. Sturt, injected am-
monia. The operation was performed rather roughly—
the vein was exposed with a penknife, and the ammonia
injected with a common syringe—but the effect was won-
derful. In less than than ten minutes the lad recovered
consciousness, and when Mr. Sturt (who is our informant)
left next morning, was almost quite recovered."
THE CHURCH IN NEW ZEALAND.—It is under-
stood that some changes will be made in reference to the
episcopate in New Zealand. When Dr. Selwyn was con-
secrated in 1841, he took the title of Bishop of New Zea-
land, as he had episcopal control over the whole of the
islands ; but since that time six new bishoprics have been
constituted there, namely, Wellington, for so much of
the northern island as lies south of 39 deg. south latitude ;
\Vaiapu, for so much of the northern island as lies east of
176 (leg. longitude, and nort h of 39 deg. latitude; Nelson, for
the middle island, from Cook's Straits to 40 deg. south ;
Christchurch, for the middle island, from 43 deg. south to its
southern extremity, Stewart's Liland, the Auckland, and
all the adjacent islands; Dunedin, for the province of
Otago ; and the missionary bishepric for the Melanesian
Islands. The formation of these new sees left to the
Bishop of New Zealand the Chatham Islands and so
much of the northern part of the country as lies north of
the 39th degree of latitude and the 176th degree of longi•
tude. Mr. Cowie will have episcopal jurisdiction over
precisely the same district which Bishop Selwyn lately
had, but his title will be not Bishop of New Zealand, but
Bishop of Auckland—Auckland being the chief town
of the diocese. Bishop Selwyn was " metropolitan," but
Mr. Cowie will not succeed him in this office, the dignity
having been conferred upon the Bight lice. Dr. H. J.
ilaxper, Bishop of *ltchurchLy2Lio wsus

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