The Sun.
London, England, 1860-06-16 00:00:00

THE SUN, LONDON, SATURDAY EVENING, JUNE 16, 1860

THE SUN.
LONDON, SATURDAY, JUNE 16, 1880.

Lord PALMERSTON and our Foreign Secretary
have received an unexpected honour. The Com-
mander DE MARTINO, who, according to Lord PAL-
MERSTON'S announcement, was on his way, first to
the Court of Paris, and then to our own, has re-
solved to turn back without crossing the Channel.
To the Emperor of the FRENCH he went, it seems,
with the offer to take Imperial France for a model,
and to grant to Sicily and to the continental part
of his dominions a Constitution—that of the latter,
at least, to resemble the creation of the hero of the
coup d'etat of December 2d. What bribe he had to
offer England we can hardly conceive, unless it
were to revive the Constitution in Sicily which our
plenipotentiary, Lord BENTINCK, obtained for the
island in 1812.

At Paris, however, he doubtless saw the frank
statement of his views made by our Premier
in the House of Commons, and naturally thought
it of little service to appeal to the Govern-
ment which had declared that the rulers were the
real revolutionists, and that the best thing for
both Rome and Naples would be that their rulers
should quit their thrones for ever.
With the exception of Mr. BOWYER, Mr. POPE
HENNESSY, and a few fanatical Irish priests and
their deluded victims, there is not probably a man
in Great Britain and Ireland who does not think
the same. And if anything were wanted to re-
concile us to the enormous cost of our military, and
still more in this case, our naval service, it would
be that the latter especially enables us to speak
with effect on behalf of non-intervention in Sicily
and Naples.

Nothing else is wanted. GARIBALDI desires
nothing from us but that we should require all other
potentates to leave him and the King of NAPLES
to themselves. If Italian liberties are worth having
they are worth fighting for. Nations who will not
gain their own liberties without foreign aid are
not likely to keep them without it ; while they will
not be disposed to part lightly with what has cost
them a severe struggle. All that is needed is that
no one shall preserve Naples to its young oppres-
sor, as Austria has once done, and as Russia once
reconquered Hungary for Austria.

Commander MARTINO has failed, we may pre-
sume, completely in his mission. The wary EMPE-
ROR was not to be purchased with the winaing
flattery offered to him. England has a navy now as
large as that of France ; how much more efficient
we will not discuss ; for Louis NAPOLEON
wisely joins with us, we have every reason to be-
lieve, in saying firmly, " No," to the demand for
fora guarantee of the young BOURBON'S throne.
But from one quarter do we hear of aid for King
BoMBA 11, ; it is aid which he prizes highly, but
aid which will be of little service against GARI-
BALDI'S " Hunters of the Alps." The POPE has
sent him, at his reiterated request, his apostolic
blessing ! No one grudges it ; let us hope only that
the blessing will descend in the shape of agonising
remorse, and that in some monastery BOMB 11.
may end his days in a torture of soul on earth
which may give some hope of its escaping greater
tortures elsewhere. No other termination is ap.
propriate to a young man's commencement of his
reign with an exacerbation of all the
atrocities of his father's, and to the devilry
of the bombardment of Palermo, in which he was
the Arch-fiend.
Of the horrors of this hellish atrocity we know

the plain facts beyond all dispute; and well might
Commander MARTINO turn back when a letter
from an English Commander would have been the
first document shown him. These are the plain
words of Rear-Admiral MUNDY :-" The scene is
reported as most horrible. A whole district, 1,000
yards (English) in length by 100 wide, is in ashes ;
families have been burnt alive with the buildings ;
whilst the atrocities of the Royal troops have been
frightful. In other parts convents, churches, and
isolated edifices have been crushed by the shells,
1,000 of which were thrown into the city from the
citadel, and about 200 from the ships of war, be-
sides grape, canister, and round shot." Non-official
accounts fully confirm this official account. We are
informed that it has become necessary to clear away
the rubbish of the burnt and shattered houses, lest
the infection of the putrid bodies burnt and buried
in them should create a pestilence. In the Bene-
dictine convent 46 persons have perished who fled
thither for shelter; the Royalists set fire to it and
shot all those who tried to escape from the flames.

Amidst all these atrocities we learn from Ad-
miral MUNDY that " the conduct of General GARI-
BALDI, both daring the hostilities and since their
suspension, has been noble and generous." It has
indeed ! We have already seen how he has lost
some of his men because during the arrange-
ments for the armistice the Neapolitan troops
shot them in violation of the flag of truce,
yet he has done everything in his
power to prevent anything like retaliation
on the Neapolitans. He readily assented to every
arrangement for the sick and wounded of his
enemies, consented to their being supplied with
food, when he might have starved them, and not
only did he shew them mercy, but even courtesy.
As the Neapolitan troops were marching to the
place appointed them by the capitulation, he placed
bodies of his Cacciatori dells Alpi to guard them
from attack at all the issues from the town, who,
as the Neapolitans passed, actually presented arms
to these agents of their Monarch's cruelties.
General LANZA might well be touched
at the regard shown to their feelings.
Heaven grant that the generous " bri-
gand" and " pirate" may be the Liberator of all
Italy, and that his mighty and mild rule may sup-
plant that of the three remaining despots there.

We are not without hope that this summer may
see Naples and even Rome free. If so England
must firmly support GARIBALDI. Of course we
do not mean by fighting, but by allowing no inter-
ference with his plans. It will not be for France
nor even for Sardinia to intermeddle, until they are
asked. Doubtless M. PLON PLON would be glad
to indemnify himself in Naples for the loss of Tus
cany ; but that England must not allow. If GARI-
BALDI liberate Naples, let Naples, under her provi-
sional dictatorship, declare what the Neapolitans
really wish for. They will for once belong to them-
selves, let them do as they please with themselves. If
they wish for a BONAPARTE it is not for us to forbid
them, but if they, and the Romans wish for an
Italian King with an amalgamated or federal
monarchy, let them have their free choice. The
whole interest of England centres in a strong and
free Italy. The designs of France on Gibraltar,
Malta, the seven Islands, Egypt, and something
more in the East, centre in a dependent Italy. Our
statesmen have therefore the strongest interest in
preventing all intervention, and in seeing Italy
united, strong, and free. They have a crafty ally,
who desires to see her weak and submissive to his
behests, and who has secured for this purpose the
slopes and passes of the Alps; but it is ours to
compel him to respect his own words—ltaly for the
Italians.

What brings all the the monarchs nearly of Ger-
many to Baden-Baden ? In plain English, fear,
and nothing else. The Regent of PRUSSIA goes
there—the Emperor of France sends him word he
should like to pay him a visit there, to " greet him,
and to use the interview as the most efficient means
to dissipate the lamentable distrust which Germany
actually entertains towards France." The Prussian
Minister hesitates, he fears the other numerous
Royal personages of Germany will unjustly enter-
tain sinister apprehensions of the intentions of
Prussia. Oh, replies the EMPEROR, make yourself
easy, good Regent, on that score, the more the
merrier—" I shall be delighted to meet any other
German Princes at Baden-Baden." Who could
say nay to such frankness and courtesy.
Austria has had her meeting at Villa Franca, so
she prays to be excused, but the others seem to
be all flocking, like pigeons, around the Imperial
Eagle, and Kings, and Grand Dakes, and Crown
Princes too, are all flapping their wings in excite-
ment about the dreaded stranger.
It is Germany doing homage to the Second
Empire. LOUIS NAPOLEON has triumphed once
more. He required from the Regent of PRUSSIA
a personal meeting as an atonement for the lan-
guage of intercepted correspondence ; the REGENT
evades it. He waits a little ; the REGENT visits a
place of general resort, for health and refreshment ;
the EMPEROR tells him—You are coming so near
me, and so far away from your capital, I must come
and see you and have the personal meeting. The
poor REGENT excuses himself, pleading what the
other Princes would say—the excuse is over-
ruled—" bring them too," as we sometimes say
to a friend. The EMPEROR has beaten
the KING —if the latter will not meet
him he would retort hereafter, " I wished
to have a friendly meeting with you, you would
not meet me, on you be the responsibility of all
misunderstandings. Nothing can get rid of the
obvious fact that the Regent has been placed in a
false position—has been almost compelled to sub-
mit to a humilation, and that all the other petty
Royal gentry who will gather together are almost
as much humiliated as he.

But what good can they do by their gathering ?
We may say, indeed—

" What they meet each other for,
We never can make out."
The EMPEROR will say it is to dissipate distrust ;
but how? wttat assurances can the EMPEROR give ?
He may show, as eloquently and logically as
he can, that he does not need to intermeddle in
Germany, and that he has no intentions to
" annex" the Rhenish provinces. But each will
know that, while saying this to all assembled
together, he may be sounding others on exchanges
which might be advantageous to him. He might
be shewing to Prussia, for instance, that the
" natural boundary" and the French-speaking
population point to a conclusion which must at
some time be reached—and why not soon ? On
the other hand, that Prussia is now separated and
spoiled by intervening little States, whom some
members of her own Chambers have denounced as
unworthy to be separate Governments—that :these
are all Germans, and all of them wishing for
constitutions, and willing to form part of a con-
stitutional Prussia.

One thing is certain, that they cannot
take any word he utters as the slightest
guarantee for what he will do. After the unblush•
jag violation of his oaths and declarations long be-
fore, and just before the coup d'etat; after the
false declarations in regard to the Italian war ;
after the direct falsehoods about Savoy and Nice ;
and after a host of other things, hardly less direct,

said to deceive, can any monarch or diplomatist
regard what Louis NAPOLEON may say, as the
slightest reason for modifying their conduct. He
may, we believe he will, by his consummate cunning
impose on some of the petty potentates there ; but
unless some mischief is to be brewed, we cannot
imagine that monarchs of common sense will rely
upon the sincerity of his proposals. Sincerity and
good faith suit his purpose—well ; but if they do
not, he will as readily use the appearance of them
as a mask. We should like to see the confidential
letters of the REGENT to Prince ALBERT after the
conference ; if indeEd he dare trust his real
thoughts in black and white again.

The evasion of the grand central difficulty in our
whole system of National Defences—LONDON—the
absolute avoidance of any suggestion whatever
towards rendering the metropolis of England im-
pregnable is the one glaring blot upon the Report
of the Royal Commission of inquiry into the state
of our insular Fortifications. Let this elaborately
prepared blue-book, containing the Report of the
Royal Commissioners, be but supplemented by some
proposition like that advanced in the initial paper
in the current number of the Cornhill Magazine—
and the work attempted will be brought nearer to
completion. Without some such addenda, the costly
scheme sketched out by the seven Commissioners
will be for the most part—if not a snare, at the
very least a mockery and a delusion. It will be
like a warrior arming himself all but cap 4.-pie, all
but in full panoply—helmet and vizar, gorget,
gauntlets, tassel, brassets, cuishes—evcrything but
the cuirass, every piece of armour but the most im-
portant of all, tha breastplate ! An oversight like
this would be a worse folly, a more absurd economy,
than the proverbial one of spoiling the whole ship
to save a halfpenny-worth of tar. It would be as
fatal an omission in the endeavour to render Bri-
tannia invulnerable as that which marred the
efficacy of ACHILLES'S immersion by THETIS in the
Styx—only here it would be the omission, not of
the heel, but of the very heart ! Let £8,500,000,
or even £11,850,000, be expended during the next
four years upon the ten fortifications which we
enumerated on Thursday, and let nothing whatever
be done towards securing the capital itself from the
perils of invasion—and there will be considerable
hazard that both time and money may prove to
have been quite uselessly and unnecessarily squan-
dered. Referring themselves to this vital subject,
the Royal Commissioners remark in their report—
" The defence of London has not been brought un-
der our consideration, and it is therefore only
necessary to point out that it does not materially
affect the conclusions we have arrived at with regard
to the fortification of the dockyards." Certainly a
bold assertion to begin with, and one the rashness
and almost the frivolity of which may be regarded
as self-proclaimed. But—not by any means con-
tented with this temerity of argument, the Commis-
sioners continue in their report—" If London were
placed in such a state of defence as to render an
attack on it improbable by an enemy established on
shore, even in such force as to be able to hold in
check any army that could be brought against him,
an invader's attention would then be turned to the
dockyards and arsenals, as by the destruction of
these he might hope to annihilate the naval power
of the country, and deprive it of further resistance."
So far—unquestionably true. But—does it not oc-
cur to the Commissioners that in advancing this
very argument, they are reasoning upon the obvi-
ous fact that an invader would look first of all to
the seizure, if possible, of the capital : and that,
finding that capture impracticable, that then they
would, as a second thought, adventure upon the
next best thing, the attempt to secure the posses-
sion for themselves of our dockyards or arsenals,
or to effect their destruction ! But, say the Com-
missioners, as it appears to us somewhat illogically
—" If, on the other hand, London cannot be ren-
dered capable of resistance after the defeat of
the army in the field, the dockyards and arsenals,
if fortified, become places of refuge from which the
defence of the country can be protracted, or means
of resistance organised; and unless these are capa-
ble of resistance, our naval means fall with the
capital, and the whole power of the nation is prac-
tically in abeyance." Did it never cross the ima-
gination of any one of the seven Royal Commis-
sioners that in the dreadful contingency they have
specified—supposing, as they have said, that Lon-
don could not be rendered capable of resistance, or
(to put the matter a little more plainly), supposing
the capital of England to have fallen into the
hands of an invading army—did it, we ask, never
occur to the Royal Commissioners that we could
scarcely then be in a position to protract the de-
fence of the country from the safe refuge of our coast
fortifications, that we should hardly be in a position
to do so, at least effectually ? It would be like a strong
man prostrate—with his limbs unscathed—but
with the foe's heel on his neck, and his dagger at
his heart ! London in the possession of a remorse-
less enemy—almost any terms might be dictated by
the cbnqueror, unless, like the Russians in 1812,
we preferred giving our consent to an act which it
is bewildering to describe—uncertain whether it
should be designated one of sublime heroism or of
frightful barbarism. But no—the instinct of
patriotism and of self-preservation tells us that the
hiatus in the report of the Royal Commissioners
must be filled up. London ought to be rendered
TIIE Stronghold of England simultaneously with
the improvement, extension, and completion of our
coast fortifications.

Her Majesty the Queen and his Royal Highness
the Prince Consort, accompanied by the Count of Flanders,
rode out on horseback yesterday morning, attended by the
Hon. Horatia Stopford, Major• Gen. Seymour, and Lieut.-
Col. the lion. D. De Ros.

His Royal Highness the Prince Consort presided
yesterday afternoon at the meeting of a committee of the
Royal Commission for Promoting and Encouraging the
Fine Arts in rebuilding the Palace of Westminster. His
Royal Highness arrived at the Palace of Westminster at
three o'clock, attended by Lieut.-Col. the Hon. D. Do Ros.
Earl Stanhope and Lord blanover were also present. The
secretary of the Royal Commission, Sir Charles L. East-
lake, attended. _ _ _ _

His Royal Highness the Duke of Cambridge
entertained a distinguished circle at dinner last evening at
Gloucester House, Park-lane.

The Countess of Derby will have an assembly
this evening at her residence in St. James's-square.
Viscountess Palmerston will have an assembly
this evening at Cambridge House.
The Princess Helen of Schwarzburg Rudolstadt,
née Princess of Anhalt, has just expired, after her confine-
ment.

At the Conversazione at the South Kensington
Museum, on Thursday, the 21st June, to promote the
Building Fund of the Female School of Art, there will be
exhibited, besides the Koh-i-noo diamond, Mr. Hope's
large blue diamond, Mr. Dresden's lame diamond,. the
Duke of Devonshire's cameos, and a large collection of
jewels made by the Fine Arts Club. The exhibition of
jewellery promises to be one of the finest ever brought
together.
A FDREIGNER AN ENGLISH ATTORNEY.— A Ger-
man paper states that a former member of the Frankfort
Parliament, Burgomaster Zimmerman of Spandau, who
since 1849 has resided in London, where he has studied
English law, is about to be admitted attorney to the Court
of Exchequer, the Queen's Bench, and the Court of Com-
mon Pleas, and solicitor to the Court of Chancery.
PRINCESS'S THEATRE. —The comedy of " The
Merry Wives of Windsor" will be produced at this house
on Monday, for the first time under Mr. Harris's manage-
ment, Mr. Phelps sustaining Sir John Falstaff.
THE PAPER DUTY—ANOTHER VIEW OF THE
QUE,TION.—We wonder that Mr. Bright and his party do
not see that, if the Lords had no power to reject the Paper
Bill, they would be taxed without being represented. Either
the House of Lords have power to reject a money bill,
.or
else they ought to be able to vote for membere of Parlia-
ment. They have not the latter power; it is, evident,
therefore, that they must have the former. To suppose that
the Lords are to be taxed without their own consent is ab-
surd,—English Churchman,

4 rri N,E W L .1-1,4 ),-7 •

Thi following telegrams have been received at
Mr. Reuter's office :

PARIS, JUNE 16.

The Moniteur of this morning announces the
arrival of the Emperor at Baden. His Majesty
was received by the Grand, Duke who conducted
him to the hotel.

In passing through the town and its promenade
the Emperor met a sympathetic reception.

BADEN-BADEN, JUNE 15.
The Prince Regent of Prussia arrived here yes-
terday evening.
The following have also arrived :—The Grand
Duke of Baden, the King of Bavaria, and the
Grand Duke of Saxe•Weimar.

The following are expected to arrive to-day :
the Kings of Saxony, Wurtemburg, and Hanover,
the Grand Duke of Hesse-Darmstadt, the Dukes of
Coburg-Gotha and Nassau.
To-day a conference of the German Princes will
take place.

The Emperor Napoleon is expected to arrive this

evening.

BADEN-BADEN, JUNE 15.

It is stated that a meeting between the Kings of
Bavaria and Wurtemburg at Baden having been
arranged, the Prince Regent originally intended
taking the opportunity to confer with the Emperor
in their presence.
The King of Hanover, during his stay in Berlin,
afterwards spontaneously offered to take part in
the conference in Baden. It was then that the
Prince Regent informed the King of Saxony that
three other Kings would be present during his
conference with the Emperor.

NAPLES, JUNE 12.

The Government is said to be organising military
manifestations in favour of the proclamation of a
constitution.

ME SSINA, JUNE 10.
The secret committee of this town is in corres-
pondence with Garibaldi.
The insurrection in Calabria has been denied.
Catania has been evacuated.

Several officers and a party of Neapolitan soldiers
have deserted and returned to Palermo, whence
they have been sent to Calabria.
The state of the soldiers was wretched.

TURIN, JUNE 16.

M. Thouvenel is concerting with Count Cavour
the line of policy to be followed by the Govern-
ments of France and Sardinia in common, in re-
ference to Sicilian affairs. It is said that despatches
received in Paris from Baron Brenier state that a
revolution is imminent in the kingdom of Naples.
The mission of the Commander de Martino to the
French Cabinet has completely failed.

PARIS, JUNE 15.

The Commander de Martino has renounced his
intention of going to London, being convinced that
his mission would, at the present moment, be of no
avail at the Foreign-office.
The commander left for Naples last night.

The Patrie of this evening states that the vessels
captured by the Neapolitans had on board 400
volunteers and 5,000 muskets.

The same journal also contains the following :
General Laronciere•Lenoury has proceeded in the
frigate Zenobia to the coast of Syria, where conflicts
between the Druses and Maronites were imminent.
It is asserted that M. de Martino will leave Paris
to day for Naples.
The Emperor was received with enthusiasm
throughout the route to Strasburg.

A fresh relapse, which took place last night in the
health of Prince Jerome, causes great uneasiness.

VIENNA, JUNE 15.

The Oesterreichische Zeitung says:—The Prussian
Ambassador has officially announced to Count
Rechberg the approaching interview of the Prince
Regent with the Emperor Napoleon at Baden, and
made such declarations to its cause and object that
all fears are removed.

FLORENCE, JUNE 16.

A report is current that Baron Ricasoli is about
to tender his resignation as Governor• General ol
Tuscany.

MADRID, JUNE 15.
The Senate has unanimously decided not to dis-
cuss the Manifesto of Don Juan.
The cholera is confined to Malaga.
The friendly feeling between the Moors and the
Spaniards increases.

FRANCE.

PARIS, JUNE 15.

BOURSE, June 15.—The market opened with
buoyancy, but the upward movement was checked
by numerous sales, attributed to a report that several
loans were in contemplation. Threes, after having
been done at 68f 70c and 68f 75c, receded to 68f
55c. Mobilier varied from 675 f to 667 f 50c ;
Lyons, 880 f to 876 f. 25c.; Orleans, 1,340 f to
1,332 f; Northern, 980 f to 9771' 50c.; Austrian,
525 f to 522 f 50c ; Lombard, 501 f 25c to 500 f.
The following are the last quotations :-
41 per per Cents 96 75 , Credit Foncier 837 50
Do end month.... .. Belgian 41
3 per Cents
Do. end month
Bank Shares .• 2880 Austrian
Credit Mobilier.... 671 25 Spanish Thress 49
Do. Account 667 50 Home Debt

- RAILWAYS.
Cash. Account.
Grimy,: 1336 25 .. 1337 50
Northern
New ditto B6B 75 .. 868 75
Lyons and Mediterranean 876 25 .. 875
Geneva — .. 400
Southern
Western .
Eastern
Sardinian 415 .. 415
Austrian
Lombard

AUSTRALIA.

SOUTHAMTON, SATURDAY.

The Peninsular and Oriental Company's steamer
Pera, Captain Jamieson, with the heavy portion of
the Australian mails, arrived off Hurst Castle at
9.30 am.

SUBSCRIPTIONS FOR GARIBAIDL

(From the Morning Advertiser.)

Every friend of Italian freedom—and who in this
country is not P—must see with inexpressible grati-
fication the progress which the subscription set on
foot among the middle classes, for Garibaldi, is
making in all parts of the country. But in order
to render a Garibaldi subscription truly national,
it ought to be brought within the reach and the
means of the masses. With this view, we would
not only suggest, but earnestly urge, that subscrip-
tion lists should be opened in all the public-houses
in the metropolis, and throughout the country,—
so as that every one who admires the illustrious
man who is the impersonation of Italian liberty,
should have an opportunity of expressing, by con-
tributing such a sum, however small, as he can
afford, his attachment to the cause, and his admira-
tion of the greatest hero of the age. We feel
assured that large numbers of the licensed
victuallers will heartily and at once respond to our
appeal to them, and by laying subscription-papers
on the tables of their parlours and other rooms in
their houses, aid themselves and enable their cus-
tomers to do the same, in raising such a sum for
Garibaldi and Italian freedom, as will not only
prove of great material benefit, but exercise a
moral influence in favour of Garibaldi and the cause
of which he is the embodiment, which will be incal-
culably great. Who will not feel a pride in con-
tributing his quota to a subscription which con-
templates the accomplishment of such glorious
purposes as those to which Garibaldi is. consecrating
all his energies, and for which he is prepared to
make any sacrifice,—even that of life itself ?