The Sun.
London, England, 1860-02-06 00:00:00

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COUN2 CAVOUR'S CIRCULAR.

The Persereranza of Milan publishes the text of
Count Cavour's circular addressed to the Sardinian
diplomatic agents at Foreign Courts. It bears the
date of 27th Jan., and is as follows :
" Sir,—l consider it expedient briefly to explain
to you the new condition in which Italy finds itself
placed at the present moment, when the confidence
of the King has called me to the direction of foreign
affairs.
" The great Powers of Europe, acknowledging
the necessity of putting an end to ie uncertain and
provisional state of Central Italy, had consented,
two months ago, to the meeting of a Congress for
the purpose of deliberating on the best means of
founding the pacification and prosperity of Italy on
solid and durable bases.
" The Congress, which the King's Government
had not ceased to invoke as the only means calcu-
lated to arrest the dangers of the moment, had been
accepted with confidence by the populations of Cen-
tral Italy. They hoped that the wish they had ma-
nifested in so formal a manner of being annexed to
the States of the King world be taken into serious
consideration and approved of by the plenipotenti-
aries of the principal States of Europe. In this con•
viction the people of Central Italy and their Go-
vernments awaited, in calmness and order, the
judgment of the Congress, merely limiting them-
selves to increasing and disciplining their forces in
order to be ready to meet events.
" At present, in consequence of difficulties which
I have not to examine here, the Congress has been
adjourned to an indefinite period, and there is daily
more reason to believe that it will never meet.

" The Congress failing, all the difficulties which
were to be solved by that means reappear with a
degree of weight -and urgency much greater than
before. An Went but legitimate impatience, an
irrevocable determination to continue in the chosen
path, have, in Central Italy, succeeded to the calm-
ness and hope of expectation. Such sentiments, al-
ready sufficiently
‘justified by the singular position
in which Central Italy has so long stood, have be-
come still more deep and general in consequence of
the events which have latterly occurred.
" In fact, the prorogation of the Congress was
preceded by the publication of the pamphlet entitled
Le Pape et le Congres.' I will not stop to exa-
mine the origin and bearing of that publication. I
confine myself to stating that public opinion in
Europe regards it as having the character and im-
portance of a great event. The publication of this
letter was soon followed by a letter from the Empe•
ror of the French to the Pope. At the same time
Europe learned that the Anglo-French alliance,
which was shaken after the peace of Villafranca,
had beconie more solid and intimate ; and this fact,
proved by the happy issue 44 important commercial
negotiations, is still further established in a more
solemn manner by the Speech from the Throne on
the opening of Parliament, and by Lord Palmer-
ston having in reply to Mr. Disraeli declared that
the most perfect understanding prevails between
England and France with regard to the Italian
question.
" The postponement of the Congress, the publi-
cation of the pamphlet, the letter to the Pope, and
the reconciliation between France and England are
four incidents (the least of which would have been
sufficient to precipitate a solution) which have
rendered longer delay impossible in the settlement
of pending questions. Amply commented on by
the press of Europe, they have succeeded in con-
vincing every serious mind :-1. That the idea of a
restoration must be renounced, as the realisation of
it is no more possible at Bologna and Parma than
at Florence and Modena. 2. That the sole solution
possibly consists in the legal admission of the an-
nexation already established in fact in /Emilia as
well as in Tuscany; and 3. That the Italian popu-
lations, after having long waited in vain for Europe
to put their affairs in order on the basis of the
principles of non-intervention and of respect for
the popular wishes, have the duty of proceeding to
establish their Governments themselves.

" Such is the signification given in Italy to the
facts I have just stated—and such is also, which
constitutes another circumstance of equal gravity—
the interpretation given to them by the most im•
portant organs of the French press. The most in.
fluential journals of France, England, and Germany
give expression to the same ideas, advise the same
measures, and express the same convictions. In
such a state of things the populations of Central
Italy have determined to arrive at a solution, and
to seize on the favourable moment for carrying the
annexation into complete and definite execution.
It is with this view that the Governments of the
said provinces have adopted the electoral law of
Sardinia, and are preparing to proceed to the exec•

tion of deputies. —
" The King's Government has hitherto employed
all its moral influences to induce the Governments
and populations of Central Italy to wait for the
judgment of Europe. At present, owing to ttie un-
certainty attending the meeting of the Congress,
and in consequence of the facts above-mentioned, his
Majesty's Government has no longer the power of
arresting the natural and inevitable course of events.
" This despatch has no other object than to show
the actual state of things in Italy. I will duly in •
form you of the resolutions which may be taken in
consequence. Let it suffice for the present to inform
you that the Government of the King feels all the
responsibility imposed on it in these critical mo-
ments, and that its decisions will be inspired solely
by a sense of duty, the interests of Italy, and a
sincere desire to secure the peace of Europe.—
Accept, kc. " CAVOUR."

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