The Sun.
London, England, 1860-10-04 00:00:00

wards he proceeded to Hong• kong, where he remained still
under the proteci ion of our missionary friends there, till he
decided to go on to Nankin. He is well acquainted with

LA T E S.

our religion.'
" ' What day do you keep as a day of worship ; and
what four stars in the cycle of 28 denote the day ?'
" ' Fang, liii, Mau, Sing are the four days on which the
worship day occurs.'
" ' And what day in the week is this, then ?'
" The second after the day of worship.'
" The day, then, is the same in your nation as in

The following telegrams have been received at
Mr, Reuter's office :

TURIN, OCT. 3.

In to-day's sitting of the Chambers a committee
was appointed to examine the project of law pre-
sented by the Government.
The members of this committee expressed full
confidence in the policy of Count Cavour, but de-
sired that all dualism with Garibaldi should cease.

ours.' "

Their chiefs have had some considerable inter-
course with Christian teachers. TIENWANG, their
head chief, who is now ascertained to be still living,
received elementary instruction from an American
missionary; and a confused reading of the Chinese
Bible appears to have given their characteristics
to the visions and revelations which he fancied
were given him. A relative of his, however, now
second in command, and bearing the title of KAN-
WANG (Shield King), about five years ago spent
seven months with the late Dr. MEDHURST, and
actually wrote out from his instructions a commen-
tary on the New Testament, and was baptised by a
German missionary in 1853. Mr. EDEINS observes,
in speaking of the " Book of Visions," written by
their leader :

The Espero of Turin states that a rumour is gain-
ing ground in that city of the meeting of a congress
to settle the Italian question. The same journal
adds that it is the Emperor Napoleon who has made
the proposition to that effect.

MADRID, OCT. 3.
The Official Gazette announces that the Cortes
will assemble on the 25th October.

The Espana asserts that the principal Carlist
chiefs are disposed to recognise Queen Isabella IL

ST. PETERSBURG, OCT. 4.
The Empress of Russia was yesterday happily
delivered of a Prince at Sarskoselo.
The Emperor will leave on the 12th inst., and
arrive at Wilna on the 13th inst.

"The curious and authentic statements made in this
book are our best lights on the early history of
the rebellion. They vindicate satisfactorily its religious
origin, and show that, while the founder has erred
in regarding himself as the subject of immediate Divine
revelations, he is a sincere believer in Christianity. The
advent of his relative after several years of instruction
under the Protestant missionaries may produce a painful
influence upon his mind in leading him back to correct
views of Scripture truth."
Of course, there is much in what we hear of them
that would make us smile ; much that seems to us
sober Westerns—Protestants, too—blasphemous;
and much in the propagation of their faith by the
sword, and their Chinese indifference to the suffer-
ings and lives of others, which is truly horrible.
Yet how much may we say for people whose whole
ideas of life and religion have been so utterly in
contrast with our own. People who need the most
careful elementary teaching and training, but who
are almost entirely self-trained, and who have lived
by the maxims which guided the conduct of Com-
missioner YEH. When we remember, however,
with what sentiments the judgment of the POPE is
regarded by Catholic Christendom, may we not
forgive a Chinese of ardent temperament who has
been reading the Hebrew prophets, for thinking
himself, too, inspired and infallible? And when
we remember Perugia and LAMORICIERE'S free
lances, can we wonder that the Tai-pings should take
Jositua and the Hebrew judges for their models?
We know not indeed whether, after all, the lan-
guage of our missionary informant be, not merely
appropriate from Min, but most appropriate to the
whole case :
" In all this Providence is at work, and we believe that
God will cause the result of the war to further His wise
designs, and in the end to promote the real happiness of
he Chinese people."

CALCUTTA AND CHINA MAILS.
SOUTHAMPTON, THURSDAY.
The Peninsula and Oriental Company's steamer
Ceylon, Captain Evans, has arrived here with the
above mails. She brings 124 passengers and a
large cargo, including 2,246 bales of silk value
upwards of £200,000 sterling.
It was officially announced from Tangiers that
the Sultan had permitted the exportation of wool
and grain for one year.
The Milazzo from London with excursionists to
Italy put into Gibraltar on the 25th ult.
The brig Christiana Carnell arrived at Gibraltar
on the 18th ult., totally dismasted.
The Ripon left Gibraltar for the East on the 26th
ult.

GIBRALTAR, SEPT. 29.

Exchange on London, 501, to 50Z ; on Paris, 5.23;
on Marseilles, 5,34; on Madrid, at par.; Cadiz,
discount ; Malaga, 1. premium.

THE SUN, LONDON, THURSDAY EVENING, OCTOBER 4, 186 ()

THE MAGAZINES,

Dublin University Magazine.

perpetual oscillation between the two. As Voltaire
says of Charles the Twelfth, we are apt to carry
our virtues into their kindred vices. Obstinacy is
much easier than rational firmness, extravagance
or parsimony are much more practkable than a
wisely regulated expenditure, and in all things the
medium course is not only the safest but the most
difficult. The writer asserts that for the leading
idea throughout the article. he is indebted to
Archbishop Whately, though his own pleasant style
is easily recognisable in its treatment. He begins
by. recording how a little girl being lectured on the
evils of daintiness, announced, with the triumph of
conscious virtue, that she had " eaten the grounds
of the tea," and he finds many older and wiser
examples to keep the youthful and zealous but mis-
taken martyr in countenance. He thus describes
what he calls a secondary vulgar error :
One class of the errors into which men are prone to run
under this natural impulse are those which have been
termed Secondary Vulgar Errors. A vulgar error, you will
understand, my reader, does not by any means signify an
error into which only the vulgar are likely to fall. 'lt does
not by any means signify a mistaken belief which will be
taken up only by inferior and uneducated minds. A vulgar
error means an error either in conduct or belief into which
man, by the make of his being, is likely to fall. Now,
people a degree wiser and more thoughtful than the mass,
discover that these vulgar errors are errors. They conclude
that their opposites (i.e., the things at the other extremity
of the scale) must be right ; and by running into the oppo-
site extreme they run just as far wrong upon the other side.
_Mere is too great a reaction. The twig was bent to the
right—they bend it to the left, forgetting that the right
thing was that the twig should be straight. If convinced
that waste and sauciness are wrong, they proceed to eat
the grounds of their tea; if convinced that self-indulgence
is wrong, they conclude that hair-shirts and midnight flog-
gings are right ; if convinced that the Church of Rome has.
too many ceremonies, they resolve that they will have no
ceremonies at all ; if convinced. that it is unworthy to grovel
in the presence of a duke, they conclude that it will be a
fine thing to refuse the duke ordinary civility ; if convinced
that monarchs are not much wiser or better than other
human beings, they run off into the belief that all kine
have been little more than incarnate demons ; if convinced
that representative government often works very imper-
fectly, they raise a cry for imperialism ; if convinced that
monarchy has its abuses, they call out for republicanism ;
if convinced that Britain has many things which are not so
good as they ought to be, they -keep constantly extolling
the perfection of the United States.
There is one point of taste on which we must differ
from our essayist. lie never misses an opportunity
of sneering at the author of " Childe Harold."
Thus he says, "You enthusiastically admired Byron
once; you heartily despire him now. You once
thought Festus' finer than ' Paradise Lost,' but
you have swung away from that. But for a good
many years you have heard of Wordsworth, Shake-
speare, and Tennyson, and this taste you are not
likely to outgrow." Of course tastes and critical
judgments must materially differ, but for any one
deliberately to profess contempt for all the poetry
of Byron shows either a remarkable deficiency of
appreciation, or an absurd affectation of singu-
larity. " A Last Word on Lord Macaulay "
is a carefully written article, which, while
withholding extravagant eulogy, passes a high
enconium on the rare gifts and marvellous in-
dustry of the great man we have lost. The calm-
ness and cultivation of Lord Macaulay's intellect
were, in the opinion of the writer, of great service
to the literature of his generation. Even the ab-
sence of that ardent creative genius which was not in
the possession of the historian, the essayist, and the
critic, was, in some degree, beneficial, according to
his theory. " Lord Macaulay's elaborate polish,"
he says, " has proved, we think, exceedingly valua-
ble to our rapid, perplexed, and somewhat inco-
herent age." In another place he writes as follows,
after referring to the extravagant length to which
some of Mr. Carlyle's followers carried their leader's
theories—" Against such feelings, which were in-
deed the natural product of an age of intense men-
tal excitement, remarkable scientific progress, and
strongly developed egotism, an antidote was found
in Lord Macaulay. It was an immense advantage
to have at the head of our literature a-man who
spoke moderately, who wrote fastidiously, whose
enthusiasm was never intemperate, whose judg-
ment was never excited. This great potentate in
letters opposed to the license of speculation and the
riot of the imagination, a simple theory of morals, a
simple system of politics, and a simple code of
criticism. Many new men and things he did not
recognise, that were both good and true ; that he
did not recognise them arose, possibly from some men-
tal defect ; but this very narrowness of intellectual
sympathy enabled him effectively to stem the
current." Further on, he adds, " Macaulay, with
his historic culture and his English associations,
could not become a political dogmatist. He re-
garded with hearty admiration the rough adjust-
ments, the intricate compromises, the balanced
inconsistencies, which are so unmeaning to the
strictly scientific intellect, but on which old and
historic societies must rest." Those who have not
met with the volumes comprising the miscellaneous
writings of Lord Macaulay, will read with interest
and admiration the poem quoted at the close of this
article, written in August, 1847, shortly after the
illustrious author had lost his seat for Edinburgh
by his consistent advocacy of the Maynooth grant.
As the writer of the article before us justly observes,
the verses should be taken as a warning that it is
dangerous to expose ourselves to the shafts of the
immortals. Doubtless some of those whose eager-
ness for the great man's defeat has hardly been
atoned for by their subsequent welcome, will look
back on that occasion, as they read these lines,
with less satisfaction than they then experienced.
The story of "Ida Conway" proceeds with interest,
and leaves its fair heroine in distress and
perplexity. Another story from the pen of
of G. Whyte Melville, recounts the adventures of
the aspirants to the hand of the fair Clothilde,
daughter of the Emperor Maximilian and Mary of
Burgundy, whose name has been so conspicuous
in history and romance. " Gryll Grange," by the
brilliant but eccentric author of " Headlong Hall,"
proceeds, and recounts the success of the Greek
play. A criticism on Professor Owen's recent work
on Palmontely will interest the scientific reader ;
and there are also papers on the financial condition
of Turkey, a subject of some importance to modern
politicians; and the " English Pompeii," as the
Roman remains of Uriconium, in Shropshire, are
called. " The Chronicle of Current History," a
new feature in this magazine, is continued, and
- gives an able summary of passing events.

Blackwood's Magazine.
This number of Blaclavood is not so brilliant as
usual. The first article is called " Seeing is Be-
lieving," and it contains some judicious reflections.
It remarks that, in the arguments on this subject,
both sides are wrong in many cases. " Seeing is
believing), and he that distrusts the evidence of his
own sight will find a difficulty in bringing forward
evidence more convincing. The fallacy lies in con-
founding vision with inference, in supposing that
facts are seen which are only inferred. There can
be no mistake in trusting to the evidence of sense
as far as the eye goes ; the mistake is in supposing
it to go much farther than it does. It is one thing
to believe what you have seen, and another to be-
lieve that you have seen all there was to be seen."
Another very true observation is made regarding
the tendency that prevails among certain people to
take things for granted concerning which they have
no proof, and then to insist upon the accuracy of
their unfounded and unsupported statement. " You
cannot step into an omnibus, or chat with an
acquaintance at a club, without hearing distinct
positive and important statements respecting the
intentions of public men—statements involving their
personal honour, perhaps the national safety, and
uttered with an air of conviction which would be
ludicrous were it not so sad; yet if you happen to
ask on what evidence the speaker relies, you find,
perhaps, that there is nothing better than the sur-
mise and gossip of our Own Correspondent, or of
some ignorant ape walking about in breeches,'
who undertakes to supply a newspaper with his in-
terpretation of the motives of persons he has never
seen, and whose characters he cannot know." There
is a great deal of truth in this, unpalateable as it
may be to some folks, who are always rushing about,
after the fashion of the actors in " The School for
Scandal," slaying reputations, and laying low those
rivals they could not have encountered in open
combat. " The Papal Government" is the name of
the second subject. It criticises a work on Catholic
Italy, written by Charles Hemans, son of the
renowned poetess. This writer, himself a Catholic,
is in favour of a separation of the temporal and
spiritual authority of the Popo. These remarks on
a question of great importance, which is now so
frequently discussed in all quarters, cannot but be
acceptable to many readers. " Tickler 11. among
the Thieves" is a humorous sketch by a celebrated
writer, which is sure to afford general entertain-
ment from its smart style and witty anecdotes.
gg The Reputed Traces of Primeval Man," as may be
supposed from the title, is one of those
strange subjects, that are of interest only to a few.
" The Romance of Agostini " is the second part of a
very complicated and romantic tale. Doubtless, as
it proceeds it will become very exciting in its de-
tails, and effective in its general style, The Irish
nurse, Madame Marguritta, is a very clever sketch,
aptly described, and altogether introduced into the
story with very great dexterity and finish of execu-
tion. There is an interesting article on the " Fresco
Paintings of Italy," which is well worthy of per-
usal. The following passage will explain the pur-
port of the Arundel Society, and the general ad-
vantages to be derived from the fresco painting
the most appropriately in its own forcible and
eloquent language :
" Once more, reverting to the projects of the Arundel
Society, we find abundant cause why the fresco art of Italy
should be brought to the knowledge of the English public.
Fresco-painting was, to the Italian artist, the ready lan-
. guage by which he rapidly expressed his thoughts and
emotions. Easel Tictures were by comparison but subor-
dinate and occasional productions. And it is well known
that the greatest masters, from Giotto down to Raphael and
Michael Angelo, executed their most important works
through the medium and material of fresco. Fortunately
for Italy, but unhappily for England, these wall-pictures
admit of no ready removal. Our National Gallery, as we
recently took occasion to show, has become richly endowed
with a consecutive historic series painted upon panal or
canvas ; but the grand contemporary Italian frescoes in
convents and churches, in loggia and stanza—works which,
in fact, constitute the glory, and evince the power of Italian
art—must ever remain, in legal phrase, attached as fixtures
to the freehold. The untravelled Englishman can become
acquainted with these master productions only through the
intervention of copies ; and hence the special and important
service whibh the Arundel Society seeks to confer upon the
general public. . . . What the directors of the Na-
tional Collection have accomplished upon the walls of the
Gallery itself, the Council of the Arundel Society
will attempt for the portfolio of their subscribers, The
private libraries of our country gentry may now glow
as with the fresco art of a southern clime, and men even of
moderate means may possess, as in a developed history,
illustrations of the rare Italian masters. By such means
the choicest works become diffused and popularised, and
are brought, as it were, to the very door of every English-
man. The dissemination of such productions may be
deemed an important, if not, indeed, an essential part of
that general education, that extension of cultured taste
which has for some years been among the most happy re-
sults of the art revival in this country.
These fresco-pictures we have seen are now threatened with
destruction. But this, the calamity of Italy, may be Eng-
land's opportunity. We are endowed with wealth and
power, and we must be ready to save and to seize the trea-
sures offered for our use. We must wait, ever eager on the
watch. Dynasties are overthrown, and old families have
fallen, and heirlooms, the riches of art, may in sore need be
put to a bidding. Democracy, which sold in our own coun-
try the gallery of a Charles, may not always in Florence
conserve the pictures of the Pitti. The authorities of our
National Gallery, we say, must be upon vigilant watch.
The autonomy' established in Tuscany may yet, like mi.ny
other grand conceptions, fall short of money; nobles, who
have still something to lose, may yet be glad to fly from
pillage, with pictures rolled in their portmanteaus. But
some works cannot be carried into safety ; and therefore it
was a happy thought which led the Arundel Society to
secure by copies those frail and fadding frescoes which now,
almcst at any moment, a cannon-shot may destroy."
"Norman Sinclair" is continued, and this instal-
ment is more lively than some of the previous por-
tions of the story.

"The French and English Armaments" is the
first subject treated of. It refers chiefly to the
writings of M. Clarigny on the English and
French navies. The remarks here made appear to
be very sensible, and entirely confute the strange
statements made by the French writer. An ap-
propriate compliment is paid to Sir John Paking-
ton, of whom it is said the Deke of Wellington
remarked, "never heard of him," when told he was
Lord Derby's Colonial Secretary. " Yet," it is
said, " when subsequently transferred from the
Colonial-office to the Admiralty, the adminis-
tration of this midland county baronet won golds
opinions from the entire service. His energy
in having raised the materiel of the navy from an
improperly depressed state to nearly the required
standard was rendered homage to by the present
Secretary in a statement made to the House of
Commons last session, when the augmentation
effected in a single year was pronounced marvellous
and prodigious. Such a tribute is alike meritorious
to the giver and the recipient, and it should be ever
held in grateful recollection of Sir John Pakington
that he took up the cause before any general ex-
citement prevailed, and insisted on providing a
sufficient force before the popular opinion had been
expressed as it has since been so energeti-
cally. In the conclusion of this article it
is said :—" The true national political tradition
is this—the British Fleet should be maintained
superior in number to any probable combination
of other fleets against it. This precaution, while
insuring against being overwhelmed by sudden
coalition, also leaves in case of war, sufficient
squadrons for protecting British commerce in every
sea round the world." A few pages are devoted to
the consideration of some clerical works recently pub-
lished, and especial attention is directed to the new
book by the author of the celebrated work "Twenty
Years in the Church," which is called Elkerton
Rectory. The remarks on this clever and good-inten-
tioned work, are well written and evince an entire
comprehension and thorough appreciation of the
motives and plans of the author. The very excit-
ing and interesting narrative of the Count of Elsi-
nore
again appears to attract the attention of the
readers of this periodical. The portion here met
with is very remarkable, concerning no less an
event than his escaping the ignominious death that
had been designed him. The way in which this
skilful subterfuge was effected is very strikingly
narrated, and fully establishes the reputation of
LarsVonved as to being one of the most distinguished
characters of his time. The scene is very vividly
described in which the renowned sea Captain
is restored from the gates of the grave
to the midst of his devoted band. Believing
him dead, the governor of the prison had relin-
quished the body to the friends who petitioned to
bury it, and they, hastily returning to the ship,
eluded discovery ! Nearly every man of his devoted
crew by this time were thronging around him in the
great cabin, and the sternest old sea•dog of them
all wept like a nervous woman for unutterable
joy and thankfulness. " Blown off Land" is a
very melancholy reminiscence of an old sailor, who
narrates to his sorrowing auditors how, in long
past years, lie had lost his three sons by a calamity
that had befallen them in a perilous fishing excur-
sion. It is related with simplicity and pathos, and can
hardly fail to impress the reader with its genuine
feeling. Our "Political Chorus" contains an epi-
tome of events, which is well arranged, and gives a
good general idea of affairs to those who may not
have had time or possessed inclination to study
them in detail at the period of their occurrence.

Bentley's Miscellany.
Victor Gouache, of the Outremanche correspon-
dence, tires of England, and has taken a step with
the rest of the world over to Italy, where he
criticises everbody and everything ; but his letter
does not come up to some of his former ones when
treating on the British Constitution. The adven-
tures of Bel and the Dragon, by Dudley Costello,
is clever in its way and amusing. " The Story of
Francesco Novello da Carrara," is continued.
There is a statistical paper on New Zealand, but
which for brevity deserves a place in a geography
rather than a magazine. " Recollections of an
OH Salt," is a review on a work written by Ad-
miral Jurieu de la Graviere, entitled, " Souvenirs
d'un Amiral." To use the phrase of the reviewer,
he canters through the two volumes, and we think
that any reader who takes the trouble to accompany
him in this ride will feel repaid for his pains, and
feel a desire to read at length the gallant French-
man's straightforward narrative, although it be
not over complimentary to perfidious Albion. The
first two chapters of a tale entitled " The House
Blaswick" are published this month, the merits of
which we shall be better able to judge as the story
progresses. Part the third of " Once a child,
never a child, and always a child," by Mingle
Mangle, is equal to the first two parts and is
written with the same feeling and ability which
usually characterises the writings of Monkshood.A
chapter on Voltaire at Ferney, and one of Onida's
long send-you-to-sleep stories, bring us to the con-
clusion,

Colburn's New Monthly Magazine.
A lengthened paper on "Northern Africa " is
the first that meets the reader in this number. It
gives us full particulars as to the natural products
and animal tribes, and i$ founded on a recent French
work from the pen of Jules Gerard, the famous lion
hunter. The writer of this article, in conclusion,
expresses his opinion that many years must elapse
before Algeria becomes a source of profit to the
French Government. This conviction seems to be
very generally felt, but nevertheless there is as yet
no reason to despair of its ultimate success, although,
as the writer before us observes, the French do not
seem to be naturally adapted for colonisation. The
interesting but melancholy story of "East Lynne"
is advancing rapidly. Aluch progress is made in
this instalment. The ill-fated Richard Hare recog-
nises the Capt. Thurn, for whose misdeeds ho is
suffering, in the treacherous Francis Levi
son.
Archibald
Lady Isabel, weakly and wickedly believing
Carlyle
Levison's false assertions respecting her husband
Capt.
beslot,wlewateelgt thus unexpectedly
husband
and Barbara Hare, flies from East Lynne
owvietihwytillieeimfa!dthbleyssthgeu
'rielif career of Don
falls
Note
worthies,"
oornt
ht .„
discusses Sir N at Nathaniel, ebl his "Notes on
John of Austria, whose inheritance of the military
genius of his father broughtAvleiirm more empty fame
Id Frenchy t pleasanto%vn
of Arles,pape r
tohna,nthseoliqduapinrtofito.
"cite there au poete, al 'artiste, nu reveur," will
entertainold
Gallo thell 0
o an. Thehistoricreader.ried. asHsoeciwataiosnpsaort
the
city forcibly impressed the
vivid imagination of Chateaub
ticularly struck by the
Alscamps, or necropolis
illust •
as tams
Pagan remains." have not met in my wander-
ings,",‘„l generations had reposed upon
so temnted me
said the author, " any place that
Nicholas Michell gives
place to die in as Arles."
gives us a traveller's reverie on a
mummy of Thebes, expressing the thoughts that

Fraser's lifitgazine.
Fraser has as usual several papers worth reading,
promiment among them being one of A. K. H. 13.'s
delightful essays. His title will probably perplvx
the reader, for he .calls it " Concerning Scylla and
Charybdis; with some thoughts upon the swing of
the pendulum." A few sentences, Lowever, eluci-
date the mystery. His real subject is the prone-
ness of human nature to run into extremes, if
convinced of or.e error to rush into the opposite one,
and by the swing of the pendulum he means our