The Sun.
London, England, 1869-11-06 00:00:00

ME SUN, LONDON, SATURDAY EVENING, NOVEMBER 6, 1869.

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lective terrors of Commissions and Inquiries without
fear or reproach. Towards the close of his address
Lord STANLEY briefly alludes to the changed circum-
stances which surround him, and expresses a hope that
he may be able to serve his former constituents in
"the new sphere of action to which lie is called."
In this there is nothing surprising or strange ; it
is the fulfilment of the common lot of hu-
manity. Oue generation passes away and another
cometh, but we feel assured that the most cold or
matter-of-fact politician who reads this address to
the electors of King's Lynn will feel a sensation of
regret, and a sad reminder of the vanity and vexa-
tion of all earthly things. Lord DERBY and Lord
STANLEY were in most respects totally dissimilar, but
they were alike in some important characteristics,
'they ranked principle beyond power, and let the
claims of party sink to their proper insignificance
when higher or better interests were at stake. "I
could not love thee half so much loved I not honour
more" has been the spirit which has actuated the
STANLEYS ; and it is this feeling which their country-
men have appreciated and admired. We have spoken
of the noble lord as he was known during the
long years when he represented Lynn, but we
must remember that while Lord STANLEY de-
livers his farewell address, we must take leave
of Lord STANLEY. The place that has known
him shall know him no more, and as he assumes his
new title a still sadder farewell must be spoken.
While it will be strange to the House of Commons to
see a new member for Lynn, it will be a solemn
change for the House of Lords to assemble and miss
the RUPERT of debate. Well may

" The orators whom yet its councils yield
Mourn for the veteran hero of their field."
The world cannot, however, stay to lament over
its wisest or its best, and all that is greatest and
grandest must sink into oblivion, unless it can sur-
vive in memory. Lord STANLEY has left an example
to future members of Parliament which they would
do well to follow, and it is the best tribute to the
character of both father and son that, in this mo-
mentous change in his career, we see him take leave
of the House of Commons, and forget the distinc-
tion he has won there, in the high estimation
with which his personal career as a politician
has been regarded. At the same time that he enters
the House of Lords as the Fifteenth Earl of DERBY,
we think not of his long line of ancestors, but only
of his immediate predecessor, and of the loss which
has made this gain. Well would it be for the credit
of our aristocracy and their chances in the coming
generation if their annals contained more names like
those of the house of STANLEY. In their home of
so, row the mourning family have obtained the sym-
pathy of all ranks_and classes, and the sting must be
taken from the bitterness of death when they remem-
ber that he who has departed could have had nogreater
wish in life than that his death should be mourned
by his countrymen as a national loss. The name of
Lord STANLEY is not unfamiliar to the House of Lords,
but the late possessor of it seems to be more suited to the
Commons. It cannot be denied, however, that men
of deep thought and calm judgment are often sadly
needed in the hereditary branch of the Legislature.
The new Earl of DERBY may be of great benefit to
his order, and render important services in his fresh
sphere of action, although he will not be in so con-
genial a sphere as when he represented Lynn in the
House of Commons. He enters on his task with
matured powers and valuable experience, and we
may rest assured that his work has only changed
and not ceased, for he is not likely to lead au idle
life. The political and social questions of the day
may well furnish occasion for the patriotic minds of
all ranks to bestir themselves, and those who put
their bands to the plough must not look back if they
hope or expect to succeed.

As a great representative man, and as one who
had no equal in his own peculiar sphere, the death
of Mr. PEABODY will awaken much more than
4L uzual rt.geing snntinjeut of regret. He was
the leader of the race of merchant princes.
An American by birth, an Englishman by
adoption, and a citizen of the world
by nature, the great philanthropist has claims upon
the gratitude of all humanity. But he deserves
lasting remembrance as something more than an
example of probity and perseverance, or as an excep-
tional benefactor to his fellow creatures. Some men
are entitled to rank as models of statesmanship,
military skill, heroism, or literary genius. Mr. PEA-
BODY deserves lasting fame as the impersonation of
unselfishness. His claim to this high position was
first put forward many years ago. After the grocer's
apprentice had laid the foundation of his fortune in
Baltimore, and had taken up his residence in England
he soon became renowned as a sort of medium between
his countrymen and England. His was the hospi-
tality which was most eagerly sought by Americans who
had occasion to sojourn on this side of the Atlantic.
Though almost parsimoniously plain in his own habits
his liberality to all Americans who had intercourse
with him was unbounded. A letter of credit to Mr.
PEABODY—Iong before his public munificence created
such astonishment—was regarded inthe United States
as the indispensable accompaniment to a visit to Eng-
land. But the fame of Mr. PEABODY'S disinterested-
ness soon spread. His bounty was dispensed without
prejudice as without stint.
His principle was not to
do the kind of good which he liked best, but
to do good wherever the opportunity presented
itself. He would contribute to a general fund for the
relief of suffering ; he would relieve an isolated case
of distress ; he largely aided in the search for Sir
rescuej°i Ft
the NS
Kt
State of
N/
from difficulties, and
paid £3,000 to get the American department in order
on the day of the Great Exhibition—the American
Government having claimed its share in the world's
show, but forgotten to provide for the expenses !
Marylandatuito gratuitously negotiated a loan to
These, however, were merely preludes to greater
deeds. His native town, Danvers, in the State of
Massachusetts, received, in 1852, a donation of twenty
thousand dollars for educational purposes. This be-
quest was followed by others, until now the
" Peabody Institute" represents a total endow-
ment of half a million of dollars. Baltimore
received a similar sum in 1856 for the establishment
of a Literary and Scientific Institute. The total gifts of
Mr. PEABODY to the Southern Education Fund
amount to over two millions of dollars. Upon the
poor of the City of London he has bestowed a quarter
of a million sterling. The monuments of the departed
philanthropist are to be found in his works in every
part of the two countries.
Mr. PEABODY'S name is the less likely to be for-
gotten since he was a man sun generic. Very few
resembled him, and of exact compeers it may be
said that there were none. He will be remembered
as well-nigh a solitary example. Indeed, it
has often been matter of surprise that
so few wealthy men devote their riches
primarily to the benefit of their species. The
endowment of almshouses, colleges, churches, and the
like is, indeed, common enough. Most millionaires,
too, contribute liberally—in the ordinary acceptation
of the adverb—to subscriptions for every kind
of good purpose. Nothing is easier than to
raise a large sum to alleviate human suf-
fering, or to perpetuate the memory of great men.
Our nation may justly take credit for its munificence
on all occasions of real need. But how infinitesimal
a proportion does the sum total of all this bounty
bear to the aggregate of the national wealth ! The
thousand pounds which DivEs gives to this
or that worthy fund affects the weight of
his coffers less than the penny bestowed upon
a beggar affects the weekly income of the mechanic.
How rare are the examples of even such a sum as
£50,000 being devoted to charitable purposes by one
person ! How phenomenal is a bequest which passes
the limit of five figures ! And yet it would seem,
according to the natural logic of things, that such

donations ought to be of every-day occurrence. A
man cannot of his own free-will benefit his fellow-
creatures as a good statesman, a wise writer, or as an
c.ziginal philosopher. But large fortunes are very
common, and the qualities needful to secure them
are not of the highest order. Money well spent
may produce infinitely good results; and will always
confer on the giver a just fame which all men might
wish to earn. Nor is the sacrifice involved great.
There are scores of men now living who might
be as bountiful as Mr. PEABODY, and yet have
enough and to spare. When we consider the
vast results which might accrue if the
illustrious deceased had many rivals, and how
simple it seems to emulate such well-doing, it be-
comes really surprising that these great examples are
so rare. The anomaly is to be accounted for only by
the conclusion that the qualities which lead to the
winning of fortunes seldom actuate the wisest em-
ployment of them. All the greater honour is, there-
fore, due to him who could both abundantly gain and
beneficially spend.
Mr. PEABODY'S manner of utilizing his gifts was
not less remarkable than their great extent. He
renounced the almshouse style of bequest. He loved
not to make paupers, but only to help those
who would help themselves. Thus his great
donation to the Southern States of America
was to promote the cause of public education, and, as
in the case of all his other gifts, no party or sectarian
influence was tolerated in its distribution. The
money bestowed on his native town founded an insti-
tute ; that bestowed on Baltimore is employed in
the interests of scientific and literary culture.
The sum given for the benefit of the London poor was
unfettered by any restrictions; for though Mr. PEA-
BODY knew the wants of his own country, he appre-
hended that his acquaintance with the needs of the
great metropolis might be less exact; but he expressed
an opinion that part of the money at least would be
well spent in furnishing better dwellings for the poor.
He judged rightly. No want of the London working
classes is so pressing. Of the -vast amount which he
dispensed in both countries, scarcely any portion was
devoted to the purely eleemosynary aid which
degrades the recipient. There is one more great merit
of the philanthropist ; and it is not the least.
What he gave he bestowed during his lifetime. his
fortune was not retained whilst he could use it, and
dispensed when death deprived him of participation
in its enjoyment. Between the two modes of benefi-
cence there is the widest possible difference.