The Sun.
London, England, 1856-03-08 00:00:00

PORTUGAL.

LIVERPOOL, SAkRDAY MORNING.
The following has been received by the Tagus :
"LISBON, MARCH 2.
" The House of Peors approved the reply to
the King's speech yesterday without a division,
after having wasted 2:3 days in the premature dis-
cussion of the now measures which have not yet
been laid before it."

RUSSIA WEIGHED IN THE BALANCE-
EXPENSES OF THE WAS.

Upon the principle of doing to Russia as she has
done to others when she has had the power, it may
not be amiss at this moment to state what wore
the provisions for indemnification she made when
the Sultan Mahmoud submitted to receive peace
at her hands in 1829.
Her successes were certainly not then greater
than those of the Allies have been in the present
war, nor indeed so great, for, with the exception of
her triumph at Kars, where the work was done for
her, Russia has failed in every encounter, whether
opposed by English, French, Sardinians, or Turks.
Her position, therefore, is not less helpless now-
than was that of the Porte in 1829. Judged, then,
by her own measure of clemency, she ought clearly
to be compelled to " pay the bill." The indemnities
demanded by her from Turkey were, in the first
place, 1,500,000 ducats of Holland, for the commer-
cial losses sustained by Russian subjects, in conse-
quence of certain measures adopted by the Porte re-
specting the navigation of the Bosphorus.
This sum, it was stipulated, was to be paid by
four different instalments, in the course of eighteen
months ; and, to make assurance doubly sure, it
was agreed that Russia should hold a material
guarantee, with which she was to part piece by
piece, according as the instalments were paid.
Upon the payment of the first, and the fulfilment
of certain other stipulations, she was to evacuate
Adrianople, Kirk-Kilissa, Burgos, tte. On the
payment of the second, the Russian army was to
retreat over the Balkan ; and on the payment of
the third, Bulgaria, and all the towns between the
Danube and the Euxine, were to be evacuated.
But this was not enough. The military bill was
to be settled. The indemnity for the expense to
which Russia had been put in carrying on the war
was fixed at ten millions of ducats, to be paid in
such a manner as the Emperor of Russia should
determine on an appeal of the Porte to his gene-
rosity and magnanimity. In proof of these virtues,
the Emperor consented to take in part payment
such an equivalent in goods as might be agreed
upon. But until this penalty was paid, it was-
stipulated that the Russians should hold the for-
tress of Silistria and the principalities of Moldavia
and Wallachia.

When we consider the condition of Turkey at the
time—her fleet so recently destroyed at the battle of
Navarino, and her treasury exhausted by her long
struggle' not only against Russia, 19ut previously,
to maintain her authorityin Greece-=the indemnity
demanded by the late Czar did not redound much
to the credit of his generosity and magnanimity.
But besides this, Russia, by the treaty of Adria-
nople, gained important commercial advantages,
which in themselves amounted to a sufficient com-
pensation for the cost to which she had been put,
especially when it is remembered within how com-
paratively brief a space she had deprived Turkey
of the Ukraine, the Crimea, and Bessarabia.—
Morning Advertiser.

BLEACHING WORKS BILL.—A bill prepared by Mr.
Isaac Butt, Lord J. Manners, Lord Goderich, and Mr.
Crook enacts that after the Ist of February next no child
shall be employed in any bleaching work in preparinv,
cleaning, scouring, bleaching, dyeing, calendering, finish-
ing, mangling, dressing, embossing, or tambouring any
woven fabric, or twist, or yarn, or in packing, carrying,
or conveying, or in aiding in any other labour or process
connected with bleaching, dyeing, or finishing. Children
under 11 years ot age, however, may be so employed in
their parents' houses. Women and young persons must
not be employed in any bleaching operation before six
a.m. or after six p.m., and there must be an interval of
one half-hour for breakfast and one hour for dinner.
There must be no work carried on after two o'clock p.m.
on Saturdays. A. penalty of 101. is denounced against
the violators of the act. Full power is given to the
factory inspectors to enforce the act. After-work will
be lawful in cases of necessity, upon proof of that neces-
sity being given. With this exception, the hours of
labour are limited to 10i hours per day, or 60 hours per
week.

CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY, March 7.—At a congrega-
tion holden this day the degree of M.A. was conferred
on W. S. P. Wolferatan, King's College ; Edmund
Thompson, St. Peter's College ; A. R. D. Ash, Jesus
College ; that of• LL.B. on Daniel Thomas Grimston,
Trinity Hall ; and that ot B.A. on Robert Draper John-
son,' St. John's College ; James Clarke Roberts, A.M.,
of Magdalen Hall, Oxford, was admitted ad candela
graduni.