The Sun.
London, England, 1856-11-11 00:00:00

THE SUN, LONDON, TUESDAIY EVONING, NOVEMBER 11, 1856

every influential class in the communi•cy was well
represented on these important and interesting
occasions. At the chief seat of manufacture—
the "Cotton Metropolis," as it has been con-
temptuously styled—he met a body of men who
have, perhaps, a deeper interest in the mainte-
nance of universal peace and tranquillity than
any other that could by any possibility be pro-
duced. Thanks to our wooden walls and the
indomitable spirit of •ur gallant defenders by sea
and by land, there is but little prospect of the
British soil being polluted by the fDotsteps of an
invader. We may see our friends and relatives
pouring forth their blood freely and willingly in
defence of the safety, honour, and welfare of their
native land. There may be the sounds of lamen-
tation and mourning at many hearths for the
loved ones who have gone forth in the pride of
strength to fight the battles of their country, and
whose remains are now mouldering on a foreign
strand—there may have been intense pressure on
pecuniary resources, occasioning severe privations,
and cutting off many comforts that had almost
become necessaries ; but England has still been ex-
empted from " the horrors of war," such as the
inhabitants of less favoured lands have witnessed.
But there is still quite sufficient to induce the
manufacturing interests—the creators and pro-
ducers of national wealth—to detest war for its
own sake, as depriving them of the markets for
their fabrics, and so largely enhancing the cost
of production that they can scarcely hope to ob-
tain reasonable profits on their outlay, or even to
execute the orders which may be tendered for

their acceptance.
The inhabitants of the commercial emporium
of England have equal reason to dread hostilities,
so far as their private and personal interests are
concerned. Trade only flourishes in a season of
general tranquillity, and they would find greater
difficulties and increased expense in obtaining the
commodities in which they dealt, while there
would be a depreciated demand in consequence of
the pressure on the resources of their customers
from the additional taxation. The guests at the
Lord Mayor's banquet were of a more varied
character. All classes, and every shade and
variety of political opinion, were there repre-
sented ; and yet the unanimity was as striking,
the reception as enthusiastic, and the applause as
rapturous at the Guildhall as at Manchester or
Liverpool. Lord PALMERSTON must have exer-
cised a potent spell to control so many different
elements, and mould them all to his will !
And yet the solution of the problem is compara-
tively easy. It requires no (Epirus to discover
the answer to the enigma. He had only to dwell
on a single key note. He might have played on
a single string, without lessening the efficiency of
his performance. All that was necessary was a
satisfactory pledge that England would not suffer
herself to be either bullied or cajoled, but
that sh• would steadfastly insist on the due
performance of the very lenient conditions
and stipulations contained in the Treaty
of Paris. The symptoms of dupli-
city and insincerity displayed by the
AllTacßAT—the more than probable defec-
tion of France, only stimulate the national
enthusiasm, and induce the people to nail the
British colours to the mast, and unhesitatingly
ignore the suggestion of compromise.
It was the significant declaration of Lord PAL-
MERSTOIV, that "the duration of pease must depend
on the honour and fidelity with which its condi-
tions are observed" that led to the " loud and
prolonged cheering" with which his name was re-
ceived at the Guildhall. The applause was even
more emphatic when he alluded to the gigantic
efforts made at the commencement of the present
year, and to "the finest army and the most magni-
ficent fleet that were ever engaged in defending
the honour and the rights of England." When he
referred to the spirit of the English people being
thoroughly aroused, and the prospects of future
successes if the war had continued, the plaudits
were even more rapturous ; but when he repeated
the announcement of his inflexible resolution
that " the conditions of the peace should be faith-
fully executed and honourably observed, and
that then the peace of Europe would be placed
upon a secure and permanent foundation," the
excitement passed all ordinary bounds—the com-
pany literally rose at the speaker. Each man
vied with his fellow to see who could most highly
honour the truly English Minister. Every- feeling
was lost in the anxiety to show that they were
determined to support to the last shilling the
course of policy indicated by the First Lord of the
Treasury.

Can any doubt, then, remain as to the state
of the popular mind ? The appearance and re-
ception at Manchester was a" great fact, " to be
duly weighed by the rulers of other
nations. It was strengthened and confirmed by
the meeting of Liverpool ; but that at Guildhall
was the crowning triumph of all. We are, in-
deed, proud of cur country and our countrymen.
They have well maintained their ancient reputa-
tion ! We are now proud of onr Minister. We
only regret that his language was not as
conclusive six mouths since. Then, indeed, we
might truly have rejoiced. But, we shall
not, while such declarations are before
us advert to any unpleasing subject. Let
Lord PALMERSTON only fulfil his pledges, and the
People will unanimously support him, and he
will achieve a reputation higher than that ever
gained by an English statesman. He will show
himself to be indeed the man of the day, and
earn his best reward in the unalloyed respect and
gratitude of his countrymen.

The good feeling manifested by the Chief Com-
missioner of Works in his reception' yesterday of
the deputation from the Metropolitan Board is
certainly very honourable to him. It is not
every member of the Government who, after
being slighted and thwarted as he has been,
would listen so patiently to the representatives
of the offending parties, and manifest so much
earnestness in obviating the public evil which
their conduct had rendered imminent. Sir
BENJAMIN HALL, however, is evidently one of
those men to whom the claims of duty are para-
mount, and who think they best consult their
own dignity by subordinating personal considera-
tions to action for the public good. By a
perusal of the report of the proceedings, which
will be found elsewhere, the reader will find the
Right Hoe. Baronet has undertaken to give a
definitive decision on the plan of the Metropolitan
Board for the Southwark improvements in three
I days, in order that the required Parliamentary
yudUct like notices may be given in time to prevent another
year's delay.
and is not likely to
beforgotten
this speaks for itself,
by the public.
Wo may remind him, however of a fact, of which
phaopeiars,paolstshiboluygiiiginmorbalinstb---ed onv T
i 7., that the Surrey
heupresdbaliyah(oannwhich
day Lis
extra
•
decision is promised),
ca
edition on Saturday, should the three days be
found insufficient, thus allowing him two days
more for the deliberation of a question of so much
importance as to warrant, under Other circum- 1
stances, the employment of as many weeks.

We have the greater satisfaction in calling his
attention to the &bee facto, because wears appro.

hensive lest the common fatf of doing things in
a hurry should await his goof 1-natured efforts, and
his main design in furthering the improvements in
question should, to a Brea .t or less extent, be
frustrated. Not being in. possession of the plan,
we are ignorant of the precise latitude of action
reserved by the Board, and to which they call
upon him to give his ass()) it. This is a matter of
some importance, for, judging by the general
outlines of the plan, it in by no means so matured
as to be unsusceptible of considerable improve-
ment. To go no further than the proposed en-
traneo of the great new thoroughfare from Lon-
don-bridge to Westminster, it seems to us
that, in avoiding the Borough-market, an
error would be committed. The deviation, it
is true, involves no great increase of distance,
and might possibly be attended with a consider-
able diminution of expense. But, on the other
kind, we would submit the nearer the entrance of
the new street is to the London-bridge Railway
Stations, the better for passengers and purposes
of traffic, and for the character also of the en-
tianee itself. As it appears to us, the contem-
plated avoidance of the Borough Market would
entail a more circumscribed as well as remote out-
let westward than is desirable or necessary ; and,
consequently, that using the space occupied
by the market in question would be the best plan
after all. The cry of " needless expenditure,"
we think, would be quite out of place when
applied to a scheme commending itself by such
advantages. The improvement sought for is
surely of too great and permanent a nature for
the purchase of the Borough Market to stand in
the way of its due accomplishment. It is not a
mere temporary road, but a thoroughfare we may
almost say, to last for ever, the construction of
which the Metropolitan Board is to take in hand,
and the question of expense should be considered
accordingly. What might reasonably be objected
to in a temporary way may be anything but un-
warrantable when it relates to a great artery of
traffic. If ever the motto of "do well what
you have to do " is specially applicable,
it is to a case like this—for a blunder once
committed may be, regarded as being as good
as irreparable. We need not say how desirous we
are the Southwark improvements should be effected
as speedily as possible to justify us in requiring
they should be properly executed. Such require-
ment does not stand in need of it, for it is in
itself a proof of our impression as to their impor-
tance, were any further proof lacking than the
repeated suggestions and complaints at the abomi-
nable delay of the Board which have appeared in
our editorial columns. We wish both Sir BEx-
•Ei►MIN HALL and the Metropolitan Board well and
happily through their labours, which will only be
the case if they result in the greatest possible
advantages of a reasonable nature being secured
to the public.

SERIOUS ILLNESS OF TIE PRINCE OP
LEININGEN.

WINDSOR, MONDAY.
The customary rejoicings in celebration of the birth-
day of his Royal Highness the Prince of Wales have not
taken place in consequence of the serious illness of his
loyal Highness the Prince of Leiningen, son of her
Royal Highness the Duchess of Kent, and half-brother
to the Queen.

Her Majesty, whilst at the camp at Aldershot, was
apprised by express of the illness of this illustrious
Prince, and on her return to the Castle the Queen dis-
pensed with the usual attendance of the military and
private bands in the evening, and there has been no
music since at the Castle.

From the eame cause the annual ball given to the
members of the royal hone hold, in celebration of the
Prince's birthday, which her Majesty and the royal
children generally honour with their presence, is post-
poned.
The fee de joie and parade movements before her Ma-
jesty and the Prince, in the Home Park, by the troops
in garrison, were also dispensed with from the like
cause.

All invitations to ile Castle which had been previously
issued have been countermanded.

expresses arrived on Saturday night, and at nine
o'clock yesterday evening, conveyed no favourable in-
telligence in regard to the state of the Prince.
The Prince of Wales attained his 15th year on Sunday,
and the only public demonstrations which have taken
place here in honour of the day were the ringing of the
(bells of the Chapel Royal of St. George and St. John's
Church, and the firing of a royal salute from the Cor-
poration ordnance by the town bombardier, in the
Bachelor's•acre.

Should the illness of the Prince of Leiningen continue
unfavourable, it is expected the Court will retire to
Osborne.

The plays announced to take place at the Castle on
Thursday next have also been podtponed.

The Duke of Leeds has left the Clareilislon for Southern
Rectory, near Swat:them.
The Chancellor of the Exchequer has returned to town,
from Herefordshire. •
Sir George Grey arrived in London last evening, from
Falloden.
Capt. Watt has arrived at the Clarendon, from Bishop-
Burton, Yorkshire,
DOVER, Monday, Eight a.m.—Two Russian frigates
(one a screw) are off here, bound down channel.
A telegraphic despatch, dated Revel, the Bth Nov.,
reports four degrees of frost at that port.
The half yearly meeting of proprietors of the Bank of
Atuitralasia caned for fur the Bth December.
Of the 298,000/, in specie brought in by the Persia,
from New Y0rk,e60,500/. was destined for Havre.
Lord Goderich has been named as most like'y to suc-
ceed Mr. Cobden in the representation of the West
Riding.
The Journal des Chemins de Per estimates at 300 mil-
lions of francs the sum which the different railway com-
panies will require to continue their works in 1857.
A public meeting of the inhabitants of Dartmouth was
hell on Thursday to promote the proposed railway from
that town to Terquay.
The commercial advices from New York state that
three failures had occurred, chiefly among importers of
dry goods, the aggregate liabilities being 250,0001.
The monthly return of the Bank of France, which will
be published in London on Friday next, is looked for
with great interest.
Cheltenham has struck a medal in commemoration of
the visit to that town of the learned members of the
British Association.
THE TEA TRADE, Nov. 10.—The deliveries in London
estimated for the week were 631,2451 b., being a decrease
of 35,0331 b., compared with the previous statement.
At the Leeds Court-house, on Saturday, Harrison,
" The Wizard," was committed for trial on a double
charge of bigamy.
The twenty pictures by Turner, exhibited yesterday
for the first time, at Marlborough-house, excited great
intermit. The building was very numerously attmdee.
QUEEN'S COLLEGE, OXFORD. —Mr. Leighton George
Bayne, Moe. Bac., and organist of this college, bas been
appointed to the office of organist of St. Mary's Church.
Tne journals of Genoa announce the arrival in that
city of the advocate Mignona, lately condemned by the
criminal court of Naples to perpetual exile from the
kingdom of the Two Sicilies.

'LIE PRESIDENTIAL CONTEST.—The Arabia, whioh
may be expected at Liverpool on Sunday next, will pro.
bably bring some telegraphic intelligence, via Halifax,
of the result of the Presidential contest.

The statue of the Duke Charles de Mecklenburg,
father of the late Queen Louise, was stolen a few nights
since from the garden at Poi:edam. The metal was
stolen from the original thief, and both the fellows were
discovered through the sale of it at a very low pride.
A correspondent of the Times suggests that in order to
ecarionme the time at present occupied in collecting
railway tickets, the collection of them at the last station
stopped at, in place of the system now adopted of stop-
ping the train a short distance from the terminus.

James Brant, Esq., late her Majesty's consul at Erze-
room, ►.as arrived at Dover. This gentleman has been
appointed to the consulship at Damascus, and is home
on leave, having been absent at his post at Erzeroum for
nearly 20 years.
LECTURES TO THE WORKING CLA9IIES.—L3St night,
Montagu Chambers, Esq., Q.C,, M.P., delivered the
sec )nd of the course of lectures to the working classes,
in connection with St. Dunstan's Church, in the Girih'
School-room adjoining the edifice, Fleet-street, which
was crowded to overflowing.
COLLISION AT SEA.— QHEENSTOWN, Nov. 7.—The
Mary Macklin, Captain Shea, of and from Cork, for
Cabirceveen, with a cargo of maize, foundered off Mizen
Head yesterday, after being in contact with the screw
steamer Mangerton, from Liverpool to London, which
put in herd tc- lay and landed the crew.
The wonderful hues of American autumnal foliage are
well known in Eurcpe by descriptions of admiring tra-
vellers. They have never been more beautiful than this
year. The forests and hill sides are large bouquets of
crimson, orange, scarlet, and soft browns, relieved by the
dark green of the firs and pines.
A telegraphic despatch was received yesterday at the
Baltic Coffee-house, dated St. Petersburg, Monday
morning, according to which the Gulf was covered with
ice as far as Tolbeacon. In consequence of this sudden
setting-in of cold weather about 120 ships were fast in the
ice. The thermometer showed "10 to 12 degrees of
frost."

Observatory at Palermo, reports the shock to have
been felt in that city at 1 h. 59 min. 24 sec. a.m.
(true time) ; the shocks were two in number 2—
strong, undulatory, of long duration, and remark-
able for the amplitude of the oscillations. The first
shock continued nearly 8 seconds, and the second
(with an interval of 2 to 3 seconds), 9 to 10 seconds.
The predominating direction of the shocks was from
E to W, with oscillations from NE to SW of a
minor intensity. The sisinograph marked some
very slight irradiation or divergence in the oscilla-
tions from Sto SE. The pendulums of the Royal
Observatory, which oscillate nearly in a right angle
with the predominating direction of the shoslks,
came to a standstill, whilst those oscillating in
almost the same direction as the shocks were not
affected thereby. From an early hour of the even-
ing the entire horizon was covered by a low fog,
which continued even after the earthquake, and
which fog was more particularly dense between the
N.E. and S.E. points. The barometer stood at
30 in. 5-7%, and the exterior thermometer at 15 deg.
Reaumur. These particulars agree to a nicety with
the observations made at Malta by private indivi-
duals, in the absence (shame he it said) of any
public observatory, although in the time of the
Knights of St. John the island was famous for its
establishment of this description, and we had hoped
to have seen it revived under the British rule,
particularly during the administration of so scien-
tific a personage as its present Governor, Sir
William Reid, the author of that truly useful work
the " Law of Storms."

The shocks of the earthquake of the 11th and
12th of October were felt at Puzzuoli, Castelamare,
Bari, Avellino, Tera cli Lavori' Capitanata, Basi-
licata, the two Principalities, Otranto, and Calabria,
but no damages have been occasioned thereby at
any of these places. It is, therefore, evident that
the focus or seat of the earthquake has been about
Candia and Rhodes, extending westward with
almost equal violence as far as Malta, which owes
its preservation from ruin and destruction to the
solidity of its stone structures, not one of which
have actually fallen, though most of them are
much shaken, and some cracked to their very
foundations on the live rock.

EGYPT.
ALEXANDRIA, OCT. 31.
Travellers are beginning to arrive, but not in
gio3at numbers, with the intention of passing the
winter in Upper Egypt either for health or amuse-
ment. Englishmen express their astonishment at
the heavy rains we have lately experienced, having
come with the erroneous impression that it never
rains in Egypt. Notwithstanding that September
and October are the most unhealthy months in
Alexandria, the sanitary condition of the city is
regarded as excellent, the deaths averaging from 15
to 16 a day. This proportion of deaths in a popula-
tion of 120,000 souls would be considered excessive
in London,—here it is pronounced to be a vast
improvement compared wiih a former period. This
satisfactory state of the public health may in a great
measure be attributed to the excellent regulations
drawn up by Clot-Bey, and so well carried out by
the Sanitary Board established by Mehemet Ali,
and continued by his successors.
The members of the Russian Chancellerie have
arrived in Alexandria, and the Councillor of State
Giers, appointed Consul-General in Egypt, is ex-
pected, with his family, next week.
The expedition for the discovery of the source of
the Nile has received a valuable addition in the
person of a Lieutenant in the French Imperial
Navy, who served as aide-de-camp to the Admiral
commanding in the Black Sea during the late war.
He left last week for Cairo to join his companions.
Travellers arrived from Syria state that English
influence in that country is diminishing, and
French influence is in the ascendant. This they
attribute in some measure to the inefficient charac-
ter of some of our Consuls in the province of the
Turkish Empire.
A collision has lately taken place near Nablous
between A marauding tribe of !Arabs and the Sul-
tan's troops, in which the latter were defeated,
with the loss of 40 men.

English travellers just arrived from Jaffa state
that the Sultan's firman is regarded as waste paper
in Syria.

Nov. 1.

A telegraphic despatch has just been received,
announcing the arrival at Suez, at three o'clock
this morning, of the Gauges, with the Indian mail
and 32 passengers.