The Sun.
London, England, 1860-08-09 00:00:00

page, "is wrong." And further " They," i. e. the
Governments or the bases of the Governments,

" are wrong theologically, morally, and civilly."
From the mere audacity of this formal denunciation
of the civil, moral, and theological bases of all ex-
isting Governmenis—it may be inferred at once, it
is almost unnecessary to intimate upon the in-
stant that it must be perfectly well understood ,
by our own readers, that we disclaim altogether
any intention of going always with Mr. GROSSMITH
in his reasoning, of avowing anything like an invari-
able coincidence with him in his deductions, or of
accepting his case (according to the wording of his
title page) as " proved" however clearly, or inge-
niously, or elaborately it may have been, and fre-
quently has been, we will admit at once, " illus-
trated analogically." Our purpose, at this mo-
ment, is simply to direct attention to the fact of
the appearance from the press of this really
remarkable scientific, political, and philosophical
publication. It is an endeavour, as its learned
author avows, to " produce scientific deductions for
the sceptical ; theological and philosophical axioms
for the thoughtful, the virtuous, and the pure; and
first principles for all." In the effort to accomplish
all which the writer conducts those who can to
follow him through the sciences of Geology,
Geometry, Metallurgy, and Chemistry, briefly
introducing them, by way of analogical corro•

borations illustrative of the First Principles of
Government. How wide and various are the fields
traversed in so doing, may be appreciated even by a
cursory glance through the table of contents, from
the initial chapter, upon the Elementary Laws,
down to the one hundred and thirteenth, upon Love
to All, as the elementary foundation—of Govern-
ment ! Like LAMARCK, like DARWIN—our author
deems that in Nature—Creation has been Progres-
sion ! As suggestive of the philosophic tone of the
arguments here brought forward in illustration of
Government upon First Principles—take a few of
the headings of these 113 Chapters :
" It is law of first principles, that he who makes others
most happy, is, by the very act, himeelf made most happy."
" The Creator regarded eternal, not temporary objects in
creation, because time must subserve eternity."
" Process of purifying a low metal, such as iron, is ana-
logous to the means necessary in purifying man in his low
condition, viz., his uncultivated nature."
Enough, however, if we here add that the politi-
cal and philosophic treatise which we have thus un-
usually particularised in our leading columns,
appears to us to be addressed in a spirit of patrio-
tism as well as in a spirit of philanthropy, to the
minds and hearts of all intelligent and conscien-
tious Englishmen.

There have been many versions of GARIBALDI'S.
reply to the letter to him of the King of SARDINIA,
sent by an adjutant, recommending him to abstain
from invading the mainland, and throwing on him
the responsibility of the attempt, should he venture
to make it. We give the following from a con-
temporary; if it does not really contain the exact
words of the General, we may be certain that it is
not far from expressing his thoughts :
" Melazzo, July 27.
"Your Majesty knows the profound respect and
devotion which I feel for you ; but the actual state
of affairs in Italy prevents me from obeying you as
I could wish. Having been appealed to by the
people, I have restrained them as far as lies in my
power ; but, according to all that I hear, were I
now to hesitate, I should fail in my duty, and com-
promise the sacred cause of Italy. Permit me then,
Sire, this once to disobey yo i ; and when I shall
have accomplished my task and delivered the
people from a detested yoke, I will lay my sword
at your feet, and obey you for the rest of my life.
" GIUSEPPE GARIBALDI."

On Tuesday we were told " that Count LETTA,
who was sent to GARIBALDI by the King of SAR-
DINIA, was not very cordially received by the Dic-
tator, and was told by him that he could not now
stop in his career, and that he would state the rea-
sons to his Majesty." And yesterday we were told
by a correspondent of the Debuts, "a personage so
high placed as to be well informed, that the
following are pretty nearly the terms of the reply
of GARIBALDI to the letter of the King of SAR-
Sire, I thank your Majesty for the
honour you have done me in sending me a letter.
I receive with respect the counsels of your Majesty,
and I reserve to myself to reply categorically to
them from Rome.' "

DINIA :-I

These and all the other communications agree
pretty closely in their tenor ; the little extrava-
gance respecting Rome excepted. What, however,
we must look to is—what GARIBALDI does. Almost
from silence he emerged at Marsala, Calatafimi,
and Palermo. That work done, another interval of
silence followed. It was broken by the victory at
Melazzo, and the occupation of the city of Messina.
It i= another turn of silence now—where will it be
broken ? On the coast of Calabria, or at the city of
Naples itself: We may be sure no outsider
knows. As before, GARIBALDI is preparing for
any desirable achievement, with a pretty clear
notion of what he means to do. But he is not a
rovitinist. His genius watches the whole scene.
Should changes make it desirable to change his
plan, he is ready to swoop down wherever the
prey may be. By the last written communication
all things seemed to be preparing for a passage of
the Straits. Nothing more likely; yet nothing
mere certain than that the great commander can
in an instant adapt himself to any scheme he
thought certain of success. Would that our Horse
Guards could give:us but one or two GARIBALDIS in
each generation, and with such soldiers as we have
no Frenchman would ever venture a hostile trip
across the Channel.

The 36-GUN FRIGATE LUTINE.—An interesting
experiment is in progress for recovering treasure from this
frigate, which foundered off Terschelling, on the Dutch
coast, 61 years ago. The Lutine had been captured by the
British from the French, and had been selected to convey
an amount of specie, supposed, according to some state-
ments, to be nearly £2,000,000, partly for the pay of Bri-
tish and Russian troops, and partly for the assistance of
Hamburg merchants, During the past 30 or 40 years vari-
ous attempts have been made to recover the treasure, and
about £50,000 had at considerable expense been obtained,
but the wreck ultimately sanded up, and her position was
not re-discovered until some fishermen accidentally found
a portion eatangled in floating ice. Within the last few
weeks the parties interested, in conjunction with the Com-
mittee of Lloyd's on behalf of the representatives of the
underwriters who sustained loss, have resolved to empl'y
Heinke's diving apparatus, and the result is that an exa-
mination has been effected, which shows that the wreck is
at present unusually free from st.nd, although still buried
to a great extent, and that hopes are held out of the possi-
bility of a considerable portion of the treasure being reco •
vexed this season. It is stated, however, that prompt ope-
rations will be necessary, as from the influence of peculiar
winds the sand may at any time again accumulate.
MARRIAGES OF INFANTS.—Yesterday an act was
passed to " explain" an act with respect to the marriages of
infants. By the 18th and 19th Vic., c. 43, the Court of
Chancery could give its sanction to such marriages by those
who were wards of the Court, and a doubt has arisen whe-
ther the Court of Chancery in Ireland could give such ap-
probation ; thererefore the act was passed to remove all
doubts on the subject.

SIR ROBERT PEEL.—We are authorised to state
that Sir Robert Peel does not retire from the turf except
as an owner of horses, and that he will continue to give the
national pastime all the encouragement in his power by his
personal patronage.--21formna paper.
TERMINATION OF THE SOUTH YORKSHIRE LOCK-
OUT.—We are glad to state that the lock-out of the South-
Yorkshire colliers is now terminated in a satisfactory
manner, and that a day or two need only elapse before all
the men are again at work. The first step towards the ad-
justment may be traced from the proceedings of a meeting
of the masters on Friday evening last, when it was an•
nounced that Messrs. Sturges, Palsy, and Co, had assented
to the terms agreed upon by the colliery delegates and the
committee of the Masters' Association. Mrs. Clarke's men
having previously retracted, the only matter for considera •
tion was as to Messrs. Smith, Carr, and Smith's colliery.
It had been previously arranged with regard to that colliery
that men should be appointed on the part of the masters
and colliers, who were to work in the pit for a fortnight,
each side having overlookers, so that it might be seen what
a man really could earn. Colonel Daly, it is stated, has con-
sented to act as referee in the event of any dispute in carry-
ing out this arrangement. At a meeting of the masters,
on Tuesday, it was arranged that the men snould commence
work to-day at their respective collieries. The amount
paid by the Colliers' Executive to the men during the lock-
out amounted to £l,lOO per week.—Manchester Guardian

THE SUN, LONDON, THURSDAY EVENING, AuGusr 9, 1860.

LITERATURE.

The Poetical Works of Sir E. Bulwer Lytton, Bart.,
M.P. One vol. pp. 561. Routledge and Co.
The Dramatic Works of ,Fir E. Bulwer Lytton,
Bart, 111. P. One vol. pp. 496. Rout ledge

and Company.
Among the numerous popular editions of favourite
authors published of late years by the Messrs.
Routledge, few, if any, can hav© been more gene-
rally acceptable than the two here particularised.
It was fitting, moreover, that the firm whose enter-
prize had already, at a cost to themselves of no less
than twenty thousand pounds sterling, placed the

novels and romances of Sir Bulwer Lytton within

reach of the great mass of the reading public, by

,be issue of those celebrated fictions at prices vary-

ing from penny weekly numbers to shilling,
eighteertpenny, or half-crown volumes—it was
fitting, we say, that the firm who had acted
thus in regard to the further popularization
of the prose writings of Sir E. B. Lytton should
become the medium also for the wider and wider
dissemination of the poetic and dramatic effusions
of the genius of the same prolific litterateur. Those
who have already possessed themselves, by a very
moderate expenditure, of the Bulwer Novels, from
the history of Mr. Pelham to the masterpiece of

Pisistratus Caxton, will now find themselves en-
abled, by the same adventurous publishers, to com-
plete the ample display of the productions of Bul-
wer Lytton upon their book-shelves by adding to
them these two comprehensive volumes, comprising
within their narrow compass our great novelist's
numerous poetic and dramatic compositions. In
reference to the second of these two supplementary
volumes, the one namely giving to us for the first
time, we believe, alone in a separate form, the col-

lectiVe Dramas of Bulwer Lytton, it is especially
noticeable that those dramas no longer in-
clude among them " The Sea Captain." In
the five-volumed edition of the Poems and
Dramas of Sir E. B. Lytton. published a few years
since by the Messrs. Chapman and Hall, of Picca-
dilly, there was an intimation, if we recollect
rightly, of some such projected withdrawal of " The
Sea Captain." That intimation is at length realised
—the withdrawal, then hinted at as probable, being
now apparently decided upon definitively. To
what end this is done the public is left to conjecture
—the obvious impression being that the writer
designs some more careful revision, or remodelling
of a drama once popular among even the more fasti-
dious of our London playgoers. This circumstance
of " The Sea Captain's" withdrawal is all the more
noteworthy from the fact, that while an
ellision so absolute has been thus ruthlessly
decided upon by the dramatist, his maiden
play, " The Duchess de la Valliere," has been
carefully retained in the present collection—nay,
still here, as in the earlier collective edition of Sir
Bulwer Lytton's plays, it leads off the series. Yet
"The Sea Captain" during its season was unquestion-
ably successful, and " The Duchess de la Valliere"
was--though not by any means whatfis technically
called damned—most unmistakably, when produced
upon the stage, unsuccessful. We can only con-
jecture therefore that the former—clever and suc-
cessful though it was—but inadequately realises its
author's ideal of what he intended it to be.
Whereas the retention in its original form of the all
but damned play of " The Duchess de la Valliere"
confirms our own long-cherished opinion that that
historic drama is as worthy as a literary perform-
ance, if not as a dramatic composition, as any other
play that has emanated from its writer's hand—
confirms, or at the least strengthens, that opinion
of our own, we say, by our author's evident con-
viction to the same effect, in his own matured and
tempered judgment. A persuasion evidenced
plainly enough by the simply contrasting in-
cidents here particularised—namely, the with-
drawal of " The Sea Captain," simultaneously
with the retention of " The Duchess de
la Valliere." Together with that the maiden drama
of our brilliant and popular playwright, the volume
under notice contains the four later and greater
dramatic effusions which have secured to Sir E. B.
Lytton his high reputation as one of the
most accomplished dramatists of his age. There
is that ever charming " Lady of Lyons,"
that one always associates somehow with
two of the most remarkable comedies in our dra-
matic literature—Tobin's " Honeymoon," and
Shakspere's " Taming the Shrew." There is
" Money," perhaps the wittiest comedy that has
appeared upon the English stage since the
plays of Sheridan. There is " Richelieu,"
which, if only for its marvellous portraiture of the
whimsical side of the great Cardinal's character,
must ever remain an enthralling study tut aw
lite-
rary psycliologist. rinalty, there is that long-
titled drama, generously written for the benefit of
the Guild of Art and Literature, and enacted, to
that end, with various ability by Mr. Dickens's
amateur company—i.e., Not so Bad as we Seem ;
or, Many sides to a Character. Dramatic produc-
tions, any one of which, almost, would have been
perfectly sufficient—(certainly this would have been
the case either with the " Lady of Lyons," or with
" Money," or with " Richelieu")—perfectly suffi-
cient to establish securely and permanently our
author's repute as a dramatist. A single work
of rare merit has before now been adequate—
(as in the instance of poor Tobin's masterpiece
hereinbefore incidentally specified)—been perfectly
adequate to secure to the writer of it lasting fame
among our galaxy of great English playwrights.
Sir Edward Lytton has insured the permanence of
his eminent reputation as a dramatist, however, by
the production of three plays ranking in the highest
category among the stock-pieces "holding their own,"
season after season, upon the English stage—pieces
not less favourites with the actor than with the
audience—chosen by the former for "starring in"
upon a benefit night—filling the theatres with the
latter upon their every reiterated representation. It
is thus incontestably with the "Lady of Lyons," with
" Money," and with " Richelieu." The fact that it is
so is notorious.4To appreciate the literal accuracy of
which statement it is only necessary to glance casu-
ally now and then at the playbills and the theatrical
advertisements. So much for the dramatic works
of Sir Bulwer Lytton here given to the public in a
single volume by the enterprise of the Messrs.
Routledge—so much for the chances of that single-
volumed edition winning for itself a wide popu-
larity—so much we should rather say, perhaps, for
the certainty of its being eagerly welcomed by what
has happily nowadays to be counted in round num-
bers by the million the great mass of our reading
population As to the Poetical Works of this
Protean genius—who is Novelist and Dramatist
also, no less than Orator and Statesman—a very
few words will be sufficient to indicate the proba-
bility, or rather, here also we should say the tole-
rable certainty of this compact and beautiful single
volumed popular edition being most acceptable
among the cheaper editions of bygone and living
poets already issued to the extent of a noble library
from the establishment of those publishers for the
1,000,000 ! These few words even might be judi-
ciously restricted to what would of itself be an im-
plied panegyric, a reprint -of the mere table of
contents— the Poems themselves range over fields
so wide and various. Within the compass of these
561 pages octavo, a world so alluring and so
diverse in its fruitfulness lures the reader as if down
through the winding sylvan ways leading to the Vale
of Tempe, down into the Arcadian haunts of Fairy-
land. Here as in the dream of Horace—

Nos manet Oceanus circumva,gus ; arva, beata
Petamus arva, divites et insulas
Reddit übi Cererem tellus inarata quotannis,
Et imputata floret usque vinea ;
Germinat et nunquam fallentis termes
Suamque pulla fleas ornat arborem ;
Melia cava manant ex ilice ; montibus altis
Levis crepaiate lympha desilit pede.
For here, are we not with Mor'vale in the New
Tinton traversing, even among the streets of May-
fair, the sequestered mazes of dreamland—musing
in her garden with Eva, the bride of the 11l Omened
Marriage—soaring in companionship with Milton,
the blind seer ! into the trackless empyrean—wan-
dering by the sedgy banks of the Avon with the
fair young Constance—turning the sibylline leaves
in which the Parcae chaunt to us successively of
Napoleon the Great at Isola Bella, of the Cardinal
Mazarin, of the young poet Andre Chenier dying
in despair for his ruined genius upon the scaffold of
the Revolution, of the faithful little mourner
of Mary Stuart of the avenging horrors accumu-
lated in her last days over the head of her aged
rival Elizabeth, and of the wierd dream dreamt,
according to a historic legemd, by Cromwell, the
Lord Protector ? Above all—immediately prior to
the two books of the charming Corn-Flowers,
whence Fancy scatters
"--from her pictured urn
Thoughts that breathe, and words that burn"—
.

have we not the twelve books of that elaborated
national epic of KING ARTHUR, in regard to which
Sir Edward Lytton still asserts at the close of his
Preface—" I am unalterably convinced that, on
this foundation, I rest the least perishable monu-
ment of those thoughts, and those labours, which
have made the life of my life." If only in conside-
ration of this solemnly avowed and deliberate con-
viction, on the part of our great writer himself, the
comprehensive volume, comprising within it the
whole of his " Poetical Works," could hardly fail to
command the attention and win the favour of that

ever-widening multitude, beside whose hearths,
his name has long since come to be enshrined as a