The Sun.
London, England, 1860-10-01 00:00:00

Acting Manager—Mr. Wm. Smith.

A.STLEY'S ROYAL AMPHITHEATRE.-
Proprietor and Manager, Mr. WM. BATTY.
Last Six Nights of " Mazeppa."
Notice.—Speedily will be produced, with great splendour, a
Grand and Original Equestrian Spectacle, in Three Acts,
written expressly for this Theatre by the popular author, E.
FITZBALL, Esq., entitled " ROBIN HOOD," with entirely
new Scenery, Costumes, and Appointments.
This Evening, Lord Byron's splendid Hippo-drama of
MAZEPPA AND THE WILD HORSE, with entirely new
and beautiful scenery, costly costumes, and appointments,
introducing the largest stud of highly-trained Horses, Po-
nies, Buffaloes, and Camels in the World.
To be follovied by Scenes in the Arena by the star Riders
of the day.
Doors open at half-past 6, performance oommenoe at 7.
Box-ollice open daily from 11 till 4.
Stage Manager—Mr. W. WEST.
Director of the Arena—M. Felix Revolt'.

CANTERBURY HALL CONCERTS.--
EVERY EVENING,
A Grand Selection from the opera of
NORMA.

Norma ..... ................. Miss Russell.
Adalgisa
(Her first appearance in this country.)
After which the ETHIOPIANS, consisting of Seventeen Per-
formers, organised expressly for this establishment, for the
Performance of Vocal and Instrumental Music, Comic and
Sentimental, with Negro Delineations, Anecdotes, dm. Prin-
cipal Negro Artistes, Messrs. Joe Brown, G. W. Pell, H.
Drummond, and Charley Fox.
Musical Director, Mr. F. JONGIIMANS.

Balcony, la Ball. Cd.

THE WEATHER..-SUN OFFICE, SEPT. 30, MO,
TNERMOMETER, IN THE SHADE.

55—this day at noon.
44—lowest this morning and during the night.
56—highest since noon yesterday.
BAROMETER-30.13; rising steadily.
WIND—W.N.W.; morning fine, with sunshine. After.
noon dull.

OCT. 1.
THERMOMETER, IN TYE SHADS.
57—this day at noon.
48—lowest this morning and during the night.
.56—highest since noon yesterday.
BAnomwrza-30.25; still rising.
WIND—W. to N.W. ; fine, light breeae.

HIGH WATER AT LONDON BRIDGE.
THIS DAY.—Morning, 2h. 29m.—Afternoon, 2h. 43m,
To-motts.ow.-Morning, 2h. 58m.—Afternoon, 3h.13m,

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TUE SUN.
LONDON, MONDAY, OCT. 1, 1880.

Ancona is fallen. The temporal power of the
POPE is no more. One city and two little towns,
with a population less than that of an English
county, is all that remains to his Holiness of his
misgoverned dominions, and of that little he is but
steward for the French—kept in office there to
serve their purptres.

With Ancona it has fared much as we antici-
pated. LAMORICIERE would fight, hopeless as was
ultimate success. Some sacrifices of blood must be
offered to his honour as a soldier ; but that having
been done, he seems to have had humanity enough
left to prefer an honourable surrender to a bloody
resistance to the last. It may be that his men re-
quired him to prefer it, being, like the Irish at
Spoleto, bravely discreet ; of that we shall soon
know more. At present, all we know from the
telegrams iq, that the skill of the Sardinian fleet
contributed largely to the speedy success by a clever
destruction of the batteries of the port, and that,
in consequence, General LAMORICIERE immediately
asked terms, and eventually became, with his whole
garrison, prisoners of war. The Sardinians will now
have a little more of the work to which they have
been accustomed of late—that of acting a friendly
part towards other powers by sending back their
captured subjects. Austria had a handsome pre-
sent of this kind lately ; we presume she will have
another. Dr. CULLEN and the Lion of ST. JAR-
LATH have had their present of the redoubtable
600. Bavaria, and, we believe, Switzerland, have
had their share ; VICTOR EMMA-ABEL ought, there•
fore, to stand high in favour with his neighbours for
his generosity towards these wandering flocks,
And now what will be done at Rome, and in the
south, is the question of the hour. The end cannot
surely be far off. Notwithstanding the unlucky
imprudence of one of GARIBALDI'S subordinates in
exceeding his orders and turning a demonstration
intended to divert into a reckless attack, it is yet
impossible, we think, that the KING can hold out
long. He has nothing but his doubtful and not
larg9 army ; and we may be quite certain that the
misfortune before Capua will but be a lesson to the
raw soldiers of GARIBALDI to obey orders more ex-
plicitly, and rouse the General and all his un-
daunted men to take ample satisfaction. The sur-
render of Ancona, too, will Show the King of Gaeta
and Capua how isolated he is, and
howimpossible
is must be for him to make head long against the
revolution in
his kingdom. The fleet which did
such good service at Ancona may also come back
service at Gaeta and Messina.
and do equally good
Then what does France mean to do at Rome?
The EMPEROR'S programme i- all but accomplished
now. The POPE has not formally abdicated hie
temporal power, but we were going to say it has
abdicated him. The port of Borne, and one small
town or two, are all that have been kept for
him by his keepers, and they have but to speak
the veva, and all these would renounce secular
subjection toe- What the EMPEROR will do we
believe eve, he
himself does not know yet. He
will certainly, and
at
any cost, keep up the ap-
pearance ,of loyalty to the head of Catholicism to
the last. He will act as if utterly displeased with
VICTOR EMMANUEL for entering
the States of the

Church. He will redouble his military strength
at Rome, that there may be no temptation to
GARIBALDI to presume on disparity of numbers,
and that the POPE may appear to be efficiently
guarded by France; but who can tell whether this
is designed to be the commencement of active in-
tervention, or merely to justify himself to the
priesthood, who control his peasantry. According
to the Moniteur, the EMPEROR means to hold Rome
till a congress decides what must be done for the
final settlement of Italy. But we are accustomed
now to regard congresses as pretences for settle-
ment by the Government which proposes them ;
and as to Italy, how could a congress be assem-
bled which would have the right to dispose of her,
and whose right Italians would acknowledge ?
If the telegram from Bologna, published in the
Independance Belge, be correct, respecting the con-
tents of LAMORICrERE'S portfolio, the EMPEROR
may find pretexts for action of quite a different
kind to that which he has otherwise taken. It
may be true, certainly ; we must think, however,
that it is highly improbable. Having had ample
time to destroy compromising documents, it seems
scarcely to be credited that LAMORICIERE should
have allowed then to fall into the hands of the
Piedmontese. At present the avowed position of
the EMPEROR is, that he will protect Rome against
demagogues ; that he strengthens his force in con-
sequence of the revolutionary character of GARI-
BALDI'S last acts; that the Sardinian Government
is warned to respect General GOYON'S military
arrangements in the vicinity of Rome, but that all
the rest of tho Papal States are occupied by VICTOR
EMMANUEL. The mission of the French army is
" to make the patrimony of St. PETER respected."
How long it can or will maintain respect for one of
the clumsiest of forgeries remains to be seen. The
POPE may really flee from French bondage, and
astonish the -world by the monstrous ingratitude o.
escaping from his cage.

Who shall say that the Social Science Congress
s productive of no advantages ? If in nothing else

it has had one most beneficent result in gather-
ing together, in the City Hall at Glasgow, that
astonishing assemblage of working men which
henceforth ought to render very memorable in
that great industrial capital of Scotland, Wednes-
day, the 26th of the month of September.
What said the honoured, and venerable, and illus-
trious guest of the evening, Lord BROUGHAM, in
the presence of that prodigious meeting, as he called
it ? Why, said the noble and learned ex-Chan-
cellor—" Of all the meetings that I have ever at-
tended in any part of the kingdom, and for any
purpose assembled, or with any view brought to-
gether, I have never seen anything even approach-
ing to what I now see before me:' Curiously
enough, too, it had so happened that on that very
morning, toWards the close of the customary pro-
ceedings of the association, Lord BROUGHAM
had incidentally echoed, after the lapse of a
very great number of years since the
time of their original utterance, some of the most
memorable and effective words that had ever fallen

from his lips—words often and often since then re-
peated by others, until they had gradually be-
come, as one may say, part and parcel of the
household words," of the familiar phraseology, of
the common vernacular of our English multitude !
Lord BROUGHAM, then, himself repeated before the
Social Science Congress at Glasgow on the 26th

September, 1860, a declaration, which (said he)
(‘ now many years—l wont say how many—l took
occasion to make in the House of Commons, a decla-
ration (aided his lordship) which has been much
remembered and much cited since, namely, that the

Schoolmaster was abroad.!" And Lord BROUGHAM

in repeating those well-remembered words on Wed-
nesday,
towards the close of that day's proceed-
ings of the Social Science Association, in reite-
rating again in his old age the avowal
first ar,ticulated long and long ago in his earlier
prime as Mr. BROUGHAM—viz., that with the
schoolmaster with his primer he would meet the sol-
dier armed with his bayonet—Lord BROUGHAM, we
say, after echoing his own renowned enunciation of
this great truth on Wednesday morning, curiously
enough observed then and there—" But I will now
add another declaration—a phrase also embodying
a fact, and an important fact; but I fear not of so
hopeful a nature as the other. If the schoolmaster
is abroad, the workmaster is also abroad, and he
counteracts the schoolmaster, which I have no fear
of the soldier doing." Sir JAMES KAY SHUTTLE-
WORTH had but just then closed his very able ad-
dress upon " The Correlation of Moral and Physical
Forces," when Lord BROUGHAM remarked as we
have here quoted, adding—" And I would entreat
the attention of our friend Sir JAMES and his
department to this great problem, to solve if
they can this problem, and if they cannot give
a solution to it, to give an approximation as
to how the effects produced by the workmaster in
impeding the schoolmaster can best be removed, and
how the children's parents can be weaned from
the inclination to keep their children from school,
in order to gain a little by their labours." This
assuredly is one of the most vitally important pro-
blems of Social Science yet requiring solution
at the lands of our philosophic philanthropists.
And the vital import of it was further emphasized
on the evening of that very day, Wednesday the 26th
September, by the gathering together in the City
Hall of Glasgow of that " prodigious meeting" of
workingmen which, we have seen, Lord BROUGHAM
deliberately pronounce to have been never
equalled in his recollection.
Happily there were many others present, both

in the morning and in the evening of Wednesday,
besides natives of these favoured islands of ours,
Englishmen, Irishmen, and Seotehmen—above all
there were present gifted and observant French-

men like M. DESMARET and M. GARNIER
PAGES to witness that wonderful assem-
blage of our working men, and to listen
to the words addressed to those working-men by
their fellow-labourer, Lord BROUGHAM. Conspicu-
ous among all the words of wisdom fraught with
encouragement, articulated on Wednesday evening
by the illustrious ex-Chancellor, were those flowing
spontaneously from the casual ejaculations conse-
quent upon Lord BROUGHAM'S reference to the
elimination of all error by FULL AND FREE DISCUS-
" which, said the noble and learned lord,

SION,

blessed be Reaven, in this country we enjoy to
absolute perfection !" Would to GOD that solemn
exclamation of Lord BROUGHAM'S could resound
with its full significance over Europe ! Would to
GOD those words of his, and those words of his
almost immediately following them, could rever-
berate trumpet-toned far and wide over all the
nations of the neighbouring Continent. Those
Words in which Lord BROUGHAM said not
in unseemly exultation " in our own
regard, but prayerfully, as one might
say in the hepe of the diffusion of these great
blessings among all races of men, but especially
and in the first instance
''
'amono. all races of our
fellow Christians. "Happilywe [we English]
have it in every way"—this unrestricted freedom of
discussion ! " In Parliament," said Lord BROUGHAM,
absolutely unrestrained ! . .. Through the Press,
absolutely free !.. . In Publie Meetings, without
the shadow of a pretence that any one has a right,