The Sun.
London, England, 1860-11-08 00:00:00

Commence at 7.

A DELPHT, NEW THEATRE-ROYAr.
--A- Sole Proprietor and Manager, Mr. Beni. Webster.
Great SIICCe9S of the new Drama, by Dion Boureicault, Esq.,
"The Colleen Bawn."—Miss Agnes Robertson every even-

in g.
THIS EVENING. ICI ON PARLE FRANCAIS.
Messrs. J, L. Toole. C. Selby, Billington, Mrs. Chatteriey,
Miss K. Kelly, .tc.
After which. THE COLLEEN BAVirNi . D. Bourcicault, D.
Fisher, Billington, Falconer, Stephenson, C. J. Smith, Romer.
Miss i.gnes Robertson, Miss Woolgar, Mrs. Billington, and
Mrs. Chatterley.
Followed by DINORAH UNDER DIFFICULTIES.
Messrs. J. L. Toole, P. Bedford, Eburne, C. J. Smith, Miss
E. Thorne.
Doors open at half-past B—Commence at 7.
Box-office open from 10 till 5.
No charge for booking.
Private boxes, £2 28. ; Family Boxes,'Xl.
Orchestra Stalls, ss. ; Balcony, 4s. ; Front Circle Stalls, Ss.;
Pit Stalls, 20.; Pit, ls. 6d. ; Amphitheatre, is ; Gallery, 6d.
Acting Manager—Mr. Wm. Smith.

A STLEY'S ROYAL AMPHITHEATRE.—
1- Proprietor and Manager, Mr. Wm. BATTY.
Triumphant success and increasing popularity of the Grand
Spectacle of Rom m Hoop.
Second Week of Madame Newsome, Mr. James Newsome,
and their Troupe of unequalled performers, &c., including
the incomparable Young Charles Ducrow, the Greatest
Wonder of the age.
This Evening:, the highly successful new Spectacle, in Three
Acts, by, leitzball, Esq., entitled ROBIN HOOD • or. the
Merry Outlaws of Sherwood ; introducing the Stud oehighly-
trained Horses, Herd of real Deer, Stag Hounds, &e,
lan-
a-Dale, Miss Rebecca Isaacs ; Robin Hood, Mr. John Prit-
chard.
To be succeeded by Scenes in the Arena—Star Riders of
Europe.
Doors open at halt-past 6, performance commence at 7.
Box-office open daily from 11 till 4.
Stage Manager—Mr. W. WEST.
Director of the Arena—Mr. Pearson.

CANTERBURY HALL CONCERTS.-
EVERY EVENING,
A Grand Selection from the opera of
NORMA.

Norma ...................... Miss RUSSELL.
Adal2-isa
(Her first appearance in this country.)
After which the ETHIOPIANS, consistinp:of Seventeen Per-
formers. organised expressly for this establishment, for the
Performance of Vocal and Instrumental Music, Comic and.
Sentimental, with Negro Delineations, Anecdotes, Acc. Prin-
cipal Nero Artistes, Messrs. Joe Brown, G. W. Pell, H.
Drummond, and Charley Fox.
Musical Director, Mr. F. JONGH3IANS.

Balcony, le, ..-...Ha11. 6d.

THE WEATHER.—Suiv OFFICE, Nov. 8, 1860.1

THERMOMETER, IN THE SHADE.

47—highest since noon yesterday.
3.s—lowest this morning and during the night.
45—this day at noon.

_
BAROMETER-30.39 ; falling.
Wren—Northerly; light, with dull cold weather.

HIGH WATER AT LONDON BRIDGE.
Tam DAL—Morning, Bh. 56m.—Afternoon, Oh. 34m
To-monßow.-Morning, 10h. 11m.—Afternoon, 10h. 47m.

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MO.

THE SUN.
LONDON, THURSDAY, NOV. 8, 1880.

While we write FRANCIS 11., late of Naples, may
be a fugitive. Long he cannot remain at Gaeta.
A body of 15,000 of his troops with 4,000 horses and
32 guns have, in order to escape capture, gone into
the Papal territories, where they had of course to
surrender their arms. These must be the troops
whom we heard of as before Gaeta, who desired to
treat with General FANTI, with whom, we may now
infer, they could not come to terms. The late KING,
for 'such we ought to designate him after the vote
of his late subjects, must have lost, chiefly by their
being taken prisoners and escaping into neighbour-
ing territory, at least half the army with which
he retreated to Gaeta, and though the remain-
der might be a sufficient garrison for
the fortress, yet they must be utterly
disheartened. Of what use, moreover, could the
best defence be when, if they could repel the attack
of the Sardinian troops, no organised army re-
mained in the field to co-operate with them for re-
gaining the Kingdom. Gaeta and its garrison,
with no external support whatever, must be a per-
fectly useless possession.

It would seem to us that even with such forces as
he had at his command the generalship of FRANCIS
11., or rather of his commanders, for the KING is
11....° soldier, has been as bad as possible. While the
ardinians were not in the field, he probably did
wisely
in taking the Volturno for his outer line of
defence. Pacts proved that it was. as much as
GARIBALDI Could do to force it; and, if
resolutely
defended,
tioned whether, without some aid from the
Piedmontese, he
would not have been detained
there till winter. But after the intention of VICTOR
EMMANUEL to procesdsouthward became manifest,
FRANCIS IL surely ought to have concentrated his
whole strength on the nearest defences to Gaeta.
He ought to have made it a Sebastopol, or a Torres
Vedras rather, for he had the grand advantage,
while a ducat remained to him, of
an open sea for
supplies. The sympathy of brother despots secured
him this. And, with an army almost as
large as
that opposed to him, perhaps quite as large, behind
strong fortifications, and with ample supplies, he
might have defied his'enemies for a long time. In-
stead of this, he seems to have allowed three bodies
of troops to be separately defeated and dispersed, or
rendered useless. One at Capua, the other those
who were defeated between Sessa 'and Teano, and
lastly those who have just surrendered their arms
to the POPE and the French ; these last being pro-
bably, in part at least, the remains of those the
greater part of whom were taken Prisoners at
Teano- The last of the Sicilian Bourbons appears to
have been badly served by his officers, for the men
do n of seem to have wanted courage. Both in the
general plan of their defence, and in individual
conflicts, they appear to have shown no strategic
skill Whatever.
And
-now that the business has come to such close
quarters, what will be the orders of the French
A dmira 1? Thus far the Italians, under Admiral
PEUS.I: tO, have v.%nquished the French as they did

in Tuscany and the other States—by passive re-
sistance; by doing the right thing themselves, and
leaving his Imperial MAJESTY the odium of attacking
them for so doing. Admiral PERSANO could not

have acted more wisely. His orders were to co-

operate with the Piedmontese by effecting a land-
ing at the mouth of the Garigliano, and thus, as
the event proved, greatly embarrassing the move-
ments of the Royalist troops. A few days previ-

ously six Sardinian ships employed in the attempt
had been compelled by the French to withdraw.
On the 30th Admiral PERSANO himself returned
with ten ships for the same object, and in the face
of threatening preparation by the French refused
to desist. He told the French Admiral that his
orders were positive, that he must execute them ;
that if the French attacked him he should not
resist, but should hold the French Admiral
responsible for what he considered to be an
illegal intervention. The result was that
Admiral DE TINAN was afraid to commit his
master to an attack on Sardinia, and Admiral
PERSANO efficiently completed the task entrusted
to him. _ _

We cannot see why PERSANO should not pursue
the same course at Gaeta. An attack on the sea
side of the fortress will not prevent the escape of
the KING, if he have but the good sense and feel-
ing to yield in a now perfectly hopeless contest.
He must well know that no one desires to make a
prisoner of him ; that indeed the only anxiety is
not to have him in that capacity. He may follow
his future soldiers by land if he like into the Papal
States, and all the Piedmontese sentries and videttes
would be found instructed not to know him. He
might embark in any Spanish, French, or Austrian,
or, for that matter, in any English ship ; for PER-
SANO would not think of interfering with such an
embarkation, and would be only too happy to
know that it was going on. The French
Admiral has no more just pretext for interference
at Gaeta than he had at the Garigliano. He has,
however, the best of reasons for not interfering. If
the Sardinian fleet be allowed free scope there, it
will certainly expedite the flight of FRANCIS IL,
and that, even his friends, under present circum-
stances, must feel to be the most desirable of events.
No aid can be hoped for from Warsaw ; none from
Austria; none from France, after all. Louis
NAPOLEON himself cannot intend to help him back
to his kingdom ; and how to account for the un-
meaning and important freak of the French
Admiral sorely puzzles even the writers who are in
the service of the EMPEROR himself. The game is
really up. Europe is merely awaiting the last
formal moves, and the Emperor of the FRENCH
can incur nothing but ridicule for helping the
beaten player to lose under his guidance.

Towards the close of Lord BYRON'S comparatively
brief but resplendent career, his publisher and
friend, JOHN MURRAY, of Albemarle-street, was

threatened with a very singular alternative, an
alternative submitted to him (in consequence of
certain political jealousies) by the Government. It
was intimated to Mr. MURRAY that he must make
his own choice as to whether he should thenceforth
continue to publish the great poet's writings—
writings particularly obnoxious to the powers that
then were—or whether he should hold his official

appointment as the publisher, from year to year,
of the "Nautical Almanaek." Especially irritated
as the ruling powers were at the period when this
extraordinary intimation was made to Mr. MURRAY,
peculiarly and painfully irritated as the Ministers

of the Crown then were with the caustic, and biting,
and formidable satirist, whose pen of scorn had but
so very recently written in gall the " Age of
Bronze" and the " Vision of Judgment"—they
adopted this spiteful means of retaliating vicariously
(through his friend and publisher) on that, then
twofold phenomenon, a man. of superb genius,
who was actually at the same time a peer, and a!
peer who was at the same time an ultra Liberal
Lord BYRON being the very antithesis, in these
two respects, of the Tory mediocrities then holding
in their combined grasp the reins of Administration.

The alternative was never happily forced coute
qui coute upon the meditated (and, upon the very
face of it, sinless) victim of this most petty and
paltry object of persecution. JOHN MURRAY still
continued to purchase those copyrights of Lord
BYRON'S poems, the last remnants of which copy-
rights are still held by his son and successor. JOHN
MURRAY still continued to print and publish, as his
son still continues to print and publish the " Nauti-
cal Almanack," previously issued under the autho-
rity of the Crown and of the Crown's Ministers, from
that first class and (saving only in one solitary ex-
ception—the glory of the Row—the great house of
the LONGMANS) that wholly unrivalled publishing
establishment, Even the administrators who could
originally entertain the notion of a scheme of ven-
geance so singularly small and despicable, shrunk
when it came to the point from the mingled auda-
city and ignominy of carrying out a project in every
way so disgraceful.
The generous•hearted and magnanimous object
of this Ministerial animosity—as might have been
expected from him under such circumstances—im-
mediately, upon learning the nature of the alterna-
tive threatened to be thrust thus nefariously upon
his own guiltless publisher, of course (inevitably
and obviously) to the latter's pecuniary loss and
embarrassment—at once, and without an instant's
hesitation, urged his friend to resign the merely
temporary and precarious post of publisher to him-
self (Lord BYRON), and to retain rather the perma-
nent, and consequently (in the end, at least, if not
in the beginning) far more lucrative, post of official
publisher of the " Nautical Almanack," with the
sanction and under the authority of the KING'S
Government.

Recalling thus cursorily and incidentally to re-
collection these singular incidents in the career of
Lord BYRON, is it not quite manifest now in this
retrospent that the whole of the threatened pro-
ceedings on the part of the then Cabinet
was, from first to last, a most flag;-
tious threatening of a violation of the
sacred principle of the Liberty of the Press ?
Is it not now quite transparent that the outrage
thus meditated, supposing it for one moment to
have been actually accomplished, would really and
truly have amounted to nothing less than "leze
Majest€," to what has been emphatically termed
the Fourth Estate of the Realm—in other words a
monstrous infraction of that boasted, and not unna-
turally boasted, right of the perfect freedom of writ-
in fr,,which is among the most cherished and treasured
privileges secured to each and all of the free
citizens of this great empire under the jEgis of our
Constitutional Government ?
was thethr suegnhs et
the
this, doubtless, at the last momelntt, even
dulled consciences and the blunted sensibilities of
the purblind Tory administrators, from whom the
threat had emanated in a moment of grievous and
irrepressible exacerbation, it was the tardy recog-
nition of this, by them, we say, at the very last
moment that saved the Ministers of the Crown of
that day from the disgrace and, possibly, even then,
the peril of thus interfering with the liberty of
the press by this daring interference between Lord

BYRON and Mr. MURRAY, between the great poet

and the eminent publisher.
We have thus recalled to reeollection these still
painful and discreditable particulars, because it
has occurred to us that the afterthought of those
Ministers of the Crown, might perhaps be
judiciously borne in mind at this moment by the
Dii Majores of the Dublin University—meaning
thereby that mysterious collective entity which
appeared even when no more than merely paro-
chial, so singularly formidable to the unsophisti-
cated young OLIVER TWIST—" THE BOARD"—Con-
sisting in the instance of Trinity College, Dublin,

of the Provost and the Seven Senior Fellows of
the University. We remember that now more
than two years ago we had occasion in these
columns, in our capacity as one of those extra-
official public censors known as the Daily Jour-
nalists, to direct attention to what appeared to us
then, upon the instant, as it still appears to us at
present moment of writing in the retrospect
a most arbitrary proceeding on the part
of the Dublin University Board, on the
part that is of the Provost and seven Senior
Fellows of Trinity College. The circumstances--
which yet remain unaltered apparently (judging
from the non-appearance of the original publishers'
names at the bottom of the outer cover of the
Dublin University Magazine)—the circumstances
of the case here referred to may in two or three
sentences be very readily recapitulated.
An anonymous article, written by we know not
whom, appeared in the pages of the Dublin Uni-
versity Magazine, now considerably more than two
years back—a critical, analytical, argumentative
paper, directing public attention to the simple fact
that the Board of Trinity College, Dublin, had not
yet at that period carried into effect divers of the
very wholesome recommendations embodied in the
elaborate and carefully considered report drawn up
by the Royal Commissioners. Although bearing
vividly enough in remembrance the outline of the
facts here reverted to--which facts, as we have
said, we ourselves commented upon at the
time of their original occurrence—we have now
but recently turned back to the very number of
the magazine containing the contribution, and we
find the paper, upon a dispassionate re-examination
of it (the number of the magazine, by the way, is
that published in May, 1858), we find it now,
after two years and a half have gone by, a strictly
logical argument most calmly reasoned through-
out : not one certainly in any way calculated
to excite an outburst of indignation on the part
of the Board, on the part of the Provost and
Seven Senior Fellows, an outburst of indigna-
tion that still seems to be, what we trust, never-
theless, it will yet prove not to be, implacable.
According to this anonymous critic, of whose
identity we have not the smallest knowledge in
the world, nor yet, for that matter, have we the
slightest atom of curiosity to discover it—
according to this unknown and unrecognizable
critic in the Dublin University Magazine, the
Board of Trinity College was then (May, 1858)
still despotic in its character; it still governed in
its own interests exclusively; it still audited its
own accounts; it still shirked or evaded anything
like compliance, direct or indirect, with any of the
just and reasonable reforms suggested—all this in
defiance of the propositions for reform advanced
in the report of the Royal Commissioners ! The
anonymous critic in the Dublin University Maga-
zine added that there had already doubtless (still,
recollect, May, 1858) been carried out, rather
ostentatiously sundry educational improvements
urged upon the acceptance of the Board by the
Royal Commissioners. In startling contrast to
which, however, not one of the proposed financial
changes had, to all appearance, ever been taken even
into consideration ! Several distinct grievances were
after this frankly particularised and succinctly
enumerated. The miserably impoverished con-
dition of the non Tutor Fellows was
strikingly contrasted afterwards with the overflow-
ing abundance of the emoluments poured into the
purses of the Seven Senior Fellows. And so forth
—and so forth; what we have said being the gist
and gravemen of the whole argument. It may be
in the recollection of some among our readers,
among those at least who are in any way as sensi-
tively alive as we are ourselves, professionally,
to the vindication of the sacred rights
of a perfectly free and unfettered press
—it may be in the recollection of those at least
among our readers that forthwith—in May, 1858
—immediately upon the appearance of the maga-
zine containing this article the • Board inti-
mated to the publishers that they (the Messrs.
HODGES, SMITH, and Company) could not iu
consequence of that article remain publishers
of the magazine, and at the same time
the College Booksellers ! Messrs. HODGES and
SMITH, as men of business, had, of course, only one
thing to do—they ceased abruptly to be the pub-
lishers of the Magazine ! In compliance with the
arbitrary mandate of the Board they announced
their resignation as publishers of the Magazine,
in the public journals of the following morning
—under penalty (had they not done so) of being
summarily dismissed from their post of College
Booksellers. Since then the Magazine, if we re-
member rightly, has passed from one publishing
house to another, even at one time crossing over to
this side, and at another going back again to the
other side of St. George's Channel. All— manifestly
—to the grievous inconvenience of the proprietor or
proprietors of this distinguished periodical ; a
publication which one might have thought
the authorities of Trinity College would have been
proud of if only on account of its name, style, and
title, combined with its indisputable abilities as the
worthy exponent of the more enlightened views
of Irish politics and Irish literature. Gladly shall
we see, what we yet confidently hope to see, the
reconciliation of the Dublin University Authorities
and the Dublin University Magazine. A quarrel,
this two years and a half of estrangement, can
a partiessfai
in le d
any t o
way to
make it—and as
recognize
scarcely be designated. For " a quarrel"
oyerequiresgt
w e
itself
h av twohe
wherebeyod the
reach the
reach of reconciliation with the Board of Trinity
College. For the sake of the dignity of the Board
itself—for the sake of the interest of the Magazine
—for the sake of the great principle of the liberty of
the Press—we do yet sincerely hope that we shall
offended
again read, "Published by Messrs. HODGES, SMITH,
and Company," printed, as of old, at the bottom of
the oldj familiar straw-coloured cover of the
Dublin University Magazine.

The Duke of ARGYLL has given us his views on

National Education. The occasion was the Annual
Congress of the Mechanics' Institutes of Lancashire
and Cheshire, and as a part of its proceedings the
distribution of prizes to the successful competitors,
at the examinations of the Institutes.

Amongst many excellent remarks made by the
DUKE, none, we think, were more practical and
judicious than those on the religious question in
Schools. The difficulty, or one difficulty at least
is, to reconcile grants of Government money to
sectarian bodies, and amongst the sects, we, of
course, include our State Church, for edu-