The Sun.
London, England, 1860-10-09 00:00:00

THE .BAT•TLE OF TILE VOLTURNO.

We are now in possession of details of the great
battle which took place on the Ist inst. between
the army of Garibaldi and that of Francis ll.
a battle which has probably decided the campaign,
and will leave the discouraged N"apolitan forces an
easy conquest to the advancing Piedmontese. The
English people have so sincere an admiration of the
extraordinary leader who has risen up in Italy that
they will be glad to find him by a brilliant exploit
retrieving the reputation which had been for a
moment obscured. True, the military qualities of
Garibaldi, his boldness, his devotedness, and his
fertility of resources, had never been questioned,
but still one is unwilling to see any shade on so
great a man, and a temporary error of political l
judgment will now be forgotten in the splendour
of a victory won at great odds against an enemy
who seems to have behaved with sufficient courage.
On no former occasion has Garibaldi ever been op-
posed to so numerous a force in the field. The
Neapolitans are estimated by our correspondent as
30,000 strong, while all the troops wham Garibaldi
could bring from first to last to the scene of action
did not amount to more than half that number.
When it is considered that the Neapolitan army is
the military force of a large kingdom, that it bits
been drilled and disciplined for years, that it is
well provided with every material of war, and that
it rests on such places as Capua and Gaeta, we may
well wonder that Garibaldi, with his hasty levies,
is able to keep the field at all. But that he should
with a most inferior force repel a general attack of
the whole Neapolitan line, defeat the enemy with
great slaughter, and take a number of prisoners,
variously estimated at from 2,000 to 5,000, proves
that he is not only a partisan chief or a reckless
end fortunate adventurer, but a General in the
highest sense of the word, one capable of command-
ing iz a regular campaign, and winning a battle by
the exercise of military skill. The events of the
Ist show Garibaldi to be a trustworthy leader in
warlike operations, and give reason to believe that
when the Piedmontese succours arrive he will be
able to make short work with the Bourbon throne.
The details of this important victory will be un-
derstood from the letter which we print this morn-
ing. To this we need add little. The position of
the opposing armies is well known. The revolu-
tion, though it has driven King Francis from his
capital, has not yet been able to expel him
from the neighbourhood. The Neapolitan army
on the morning of the Ist was within a few
hears' march of the city of Naples. The country
between Capua and Caserta was the scene of the
fight, and the cannon of the Monarch and the
Revolutionists affrighted the timid citizens of the
capital. If the King had been victorious, he would
have been in Naples before night. And at one time
it seemed that he might be victorious. The troops
which he commanded might be relied upon for at
least one struggle worthy of an army. The Swiss
and Germans would fight because they are consti-
tutionally brave, and look to the Royal cause for
food and pay, and, in case of a Victory, for plunder.
The Neapolitan soldiers would behave well because
they are soldiers, and look with contempt and aver-
sion on irregular levies. Accordingly, at early
dawn they were led to the attack. The King and
his advisers knew they must strike a blow. In a
few days the Piedmontese would be in the country,
confident in their numbers and discipline, and
flushed with success over the 'Algerian General and
his mercenaries. Should Cialdini march in from
the Campagna and take the Royal position in the
rear, there would be nothing left for Francis but to
return to his original intention, and take the
:teamer for Barcelona or Trieste, or whatever other
'port he might find convenient. A victory over
Garibaldi might rehabilitate the Neapolitan throne.
If the King were once again in his capital, even
the audacious Cavour would hardly venture to in-
vade his dominions. He would be dealing success-
fully with rebels in his own territory,.and the prin-
ciple of non-intervention would demand that he
should be left to fight it out with the Filibuster
who had landed on his soil. So, in the mist of an
autamn morning the whole Neapolitan line at-
tacked. It was, in short, a second Inkerman. The
Neapolitans, "taking advantage of the mist," ap-
proached unobserved quite close up to a barricade
of four guns, and carried it at the first onset, driving
the Garibaldians across the main road towards Sr.
Angelo. They then formed on this new position
in regular line of battle. The whole line was suc-
cessful, and it appeared for a moment as if every-
thing was lost.
How Garibaldi retrieved the fortune of the day
our readers will learn from our correspondent's
letter. The fight began with only a small number
of the Garibaldians opposed to the enemy. The
leader went forward, revolver in hand, and encou-
raged his men in their desperate resistance. Gra-
dually the supports came up, and the Neapolitans
were charged with the bayonet. They were every-
where driven back, broken, and routed. But the
battle was not decided till the afternoon. For eight
hours long did it rage, till, at last, about four
o'clock, the Neapolitans were flying in all direc-
tions, and were pursued by the conquerors close
under the walls of Capua.
Such was the battle of the Volturno, which has
probably caused the King and his advisers to give
up all hope of retaking Naples. It is evident that
if the Neapolitans, with the advantage of numbers
and a surprise, could not defeat the revolutionary
army, they are not likely to succeed when the Dic-
tator's forces are fully prepared, and are encouraged
by the victory they have won. The 5,000 men
made prisoners, if not an exaggeration, must in-
clude the Bavarians, who in the same telegram are
announced as having been cut off by the Garibal-
dians. From all sources, however, it is announced
that the number is large, and the King's army
must be considered as weakened by several thou-
sand men. The effect on the people of Naples of
the threatening attitude of the King's troops pre-
vious to the battle shows the difficulties of the Dic-
tator, and the immerse importance of his success.
The frightened citizens were engaged in taking
down the tricolour wherever it ornamented their
houses, and would, no doubt, have shouted as
loudly for the returning Bourbon as for the de-
throner. There is a story of a number of people
being crushed to death in Naples through one per-
son in a crowd having felt some water trickling on
him from a balcony. He started aside. This coin-
municated a shock to his neighbour, who sprang
against a third, and in a few seconds a wild panic
had seized the whole assemblage. Such is the
Neapolitan, the ready victim of every kind of
excitement and terror. They will probably glance
uneasily at the emblem of Italian unity until
they hear that Francis has taken ship from
Gaeta, and then they will go mad again with
joy and the desire of vengeance. The Dic-
tator must take care to avoid even the momen-
tary appearance of failure, if he would keep the
people true to the cause they have espoused. Hap-
pily, he seems to be following up his victory. It is
announced from one quarter that Capua was at-
tacked on the sth. The telegram we publish states
that a report was current at Naples that the place
had surrendered. It seems therefore at least pretty
plain that the revolutionary leader had taken the
offensive, and that the royalists could not prevent
him from attacking one of their strongholds. A
few days more will probably crown with success
this strange and romantic expedition.---Times.

WILLS AND BEQUESTS.

_
Major-General Broke : The will of Major-
General Horatio George Broke, of Gloucester-
place, Hyde-park, was proved in London on the
28th of September last by his executors ; the per-
sonalty being sworn under £12,000. He devises
his land and farms in Suffolk to his son Horace
Broke, subject to an annuity of £l2O to his relict ;
and to her he leaves an immediate legacy of £2,000,
and all the furniture, plate, and other household
effects absolutely; and further bequeaths to her for
her life the life interest arising from the residue of
his estates, real and personal, and on her decease
to devolve to his said son absolutely. The testator
has left small annuities for the lives of three widows.
The will bears date the 11th of June, 1860.
Baron Samuel—A special probate of the will of
Baron Denis Moses Samuel, a Baron of the king-
dom of Portugal, residing at 26, Sussex-place,
Regent's-park, was granted on the 28th of Septem-
ber last by the London Court of Probate to Baroness
Amelia de Samuel, the widow. The deceased was
Commander of the Order of the Rose of the Empire
of Brazil. The will was executed in the English
form, and bears date the Ist of July, 1859. The
personal property sworn to in this country was es-
timated at £300,000; there are alse investments in
foreign securities, in Greece, Turkey, and
Brazil,
interest
other kingdoms, besides East India Stock and landed
estates. To his wife he has secured a large
in this property during her life, and annuities to his
two sons until they respectively attain the age of
married, he
25. His daughter, who has recently
has amply provided for. The wife is appointed the
residuary legatee, and takes a portion of the rents
and profits of the real estate forhiehee plate, on which
life.r The freehold
is devised to his eldest SO
T
IL
are
lega-
cies to his clerks and servants. some l
is engraved the royal arms of
oPortugal, he leaves in
the possession of his wife, and n her decease to his
eldest son and his successors, to be always retained h
in the family. The baron
adalosovaohbit,apinroepderthtye
royal license to take the name
of D
being maintained in the family on its assumption.
The furthi

rui ler accounts from New York this morn-
ing show that the transactions in stocks were more active
than ever. In the discount market and the rate of ex-
change there was no alteration. Purchases of wheat for
exportation were being made on a large scale, and at hu-
rt:n*l/410h

ESCAPE OF TIIRRE PRI3OYERS FROM

HULL GAOL.

On Friday night or early on Saturch ty morning
three prisoners, who were awaiting th eir trial at
the sessions, very cleverly effected their Ch cape from
the Hull Borough Gaol. Their names are Robert
Kershaw, Wm. Hy. Gillson, and George Smith.
Kershaw is 22 years of age, and was in custody for
uttering base coin ; Smith is 21 years of age, and
was similarly charged; and Gillson, who is 19
years of age, and by trade a butcher, was charged
with breaking into a slaughter-house and stealing
a quantity of tallow. During the night they were
confined in a large room in the sessions ward of
the prison, with another man named Clarke;
also in custody for stealing tallow. The room is
one storey high, and not being used for felons, it
was not so strongly guarded as the cells in the
other parts of the gaol. Since the escape of the con-
vict Foster, a few months ago, the governor (Capt.
Neill) has had the windows of the sessions ward
cells made more secure by the addition of three cross-
bars to the windows. This judicious step, how-
ever, does not appear to have at all disheartened
the three prisoners, whose escape we are now nar-
rating. By some means or other they became pos-
sessed of a pocket-knife used in that part of the
prison where mats are manufactured. This knife
must have been passed from one prisoner to another
until it reached one of the three who escaped. This
knife they converted into a kind of saw, or file, and
they succeeded in cutting through a perpendicular
bar about one inch in diameter. They also cut
through one of the cross bars, which is about an
inch and three eighths broad by three quarters of
an inch thick. In order to prevent discovery
during the progress of the saw, the aperture made
in the bar was carefully filled up with moistened.
bread and soot. The inspector of the prison, we
are informed, examined the bars of this particular
Cell a day or two ago, and he was then unable to see
anything to excite his suspicion. On Friday night
the four prisoners were locked up in the room, and
no doubt very shortly after the turnkey had gone
his round the operations of the night were com-
menced. After the bars had been cut through the
three fellows by an extraordinary effort, appear
to have wretched the bars from their sockets.
Tne aperture thus made for their egress was
about 111 by 93, inches. The prisoners seem
to have possessed themselves of bits of rope,
which they had purloined from various parts
of the prison, and by cutting up the bed rug, they
had a long rope at th;:ir disposal. While this rope
was in course of preparation it must, in order to
elude the vigilance of the prison officials, have been
secreted in the mattress ox up the chimney. The
sash weight of the window had been taken away,
and was affixed to the bottona of the rope. With
the aid of the rope the three prisoners managed to
descend into the yard, leaving the fourth occupant
of the cell (the man Clarke) still in his bed. Upon
getting into the prison yard they were still faced
by the boundary wall, which is 27 feet in height.
The place chosen for the escape into the street
was near a coal heap, which gives an eleva-
tion of several feet from the ground. They also
appear to have got a pole from some part of the
gaol, which they reared against the wall, and the
d;stance to ascend to the top of the wall was com-
paratively little. Once upon the top of the wall
the de3cent was easy, and one prisoner safely over
would no doubt lend a helping hand to his com-
panions. The prisoners, after having scaled the
boundary wall, got over a second one 9ft high, and
they were then clear of the gaol, and in Manor-
house-street. The escape was discovered by the
turnkey about half-past five o'clock on Saturday
morning. At that time Clarke was in bed, and he
most positively denied any knowledge of what had
taken place.

COUNTRY MARKETS.

COLCHESfEIt—OcT. 6.

Moro samples of wheat were brought into market
to-day, with a slow trade, and prices were barely at late
currencies. Barley in good demand, and sold at fully
late rates. Beans none at market. New peas were selling
read; 1 y.

Wheat, white s4s to 68s I Beans, Mitzsigan..4os to 423
red 44s to 60s I Middle & small 44s to 508
Barley 4os to 44s White peas 44s to 483
I
Oats 268 to 28s C4rey,. 4O, to 44s

CHELMSFO --OCT. 5.
A fair supply of new wheat to-day, most of it much
out of condition, and some quite unsaleable. Prices ialed
at former rates. A few dry samples of new barley made
their appearance, but no prices established. Spring corn
firm at late prices.

Wheat, white 51s to 68s Peas, Partridge ..43s to 4.!s
red 60s to 66s White 43s to /IR
Barley 35s to 41s Boiling 43s to 47s
Chevalier ....36s to 41s Dun 39s to 4.24
Grinding 32s to 36'Beaxs, Tick ....40s to ?..33
Malt.. 61s to 67s Harrow Ticks 41s to 49s
Chevalier 64s to 693 Mazagan 38s to 434
Oats 26s to 31s

KIRKALDY—OcT. 6.
We had moderate supplies of barley to-day, and in good
condition, with a ready sale at an advance on last week cf
is to 2s on fine qualities; indifferent parcels were sold at
late rates. Old and new wheats were both rather dearer.
Oats is to 29 cheaper.
Wheat Barley Oats
First.... 62s Od 29s Od 24s Oct
Second.. 68s Od 388 Od 28s Od
Third .. —s Od 40s Od 29s Od

COAL MARKET—Our. 8
(frices of Coal per Ton at the close of the market.)
a. d. Walls End.

Davison's West Hart-
ley .16
Bud dle' sWest Hartley 16
Holywell ..16
Tanfield Moor Butes ..13
Howard's West Hari,-

s. n.
6 Kelloe .. l9 6
6 Hetton .. 2O 0
3 Lambton 2O 0
6 Woodhouse Close 17 0
Hartlepool.... 2O 0
3 Keiper Grange.... •• 18 6
3 Byron •• • .18 6
6 Bra ddyll's Hetton ..... 18 9
9 Haswell . .. 2O 0
Hedley ..........18 3
Ships at suarket, 66 ; sold, 56.

ley 16
Wyiam l6
West Hartley 16
Eden Main lB

THE MAILS.

MAILS DUE.
Australia, Ceylon, and Mauritius (via South-
ampton) .. • • • • • • • • .. Oct. 19.
Do. (Nia Marseilles) Oct. 13.
Brazil and Cape Verds ..
.. .
. .. Nov. 5.
Buenos Ayres, Monte Video, &c, 41. .. Oct. .....
Bahamas and Havana (via New York) .. .. Oct. —.
Canada, &c. (via Galway)
• • .. .. Oct. G.
Cape of Good Hope, &c. ..
.. . .. Nov. 2.
an Singapore (via S'ampton) Overdue.
China, Penang,
Do.
ct. 13.
Gibraltar (via Southampton) (via Marseilles) O
.. . .. Overdue.
India (Calcutta), Ceylon, &c. (via Southampton) Overdue.
Do. (via Marseilles) Oct. 13.
India (Bombay), (via Southampton) .. .. Oct. 10.
Do. (via
Lisbon ..
.. Oct. 11.
::...............Oct.•• ••
Cuba and Mexico
.. • • • • • . • •
15.
..
Malta, Egypt, and Aden (via Southampton):.. overdue.
Do.
.. (via Marseilles) .. Oct. 4.
.. • . .. Oct. 11.
Vigo, and Oporto
United States, California, &C. • • •• • .. Oct. 11.
Western Coast of Africa, Madeira, Teneriffe .. Overdue.
West Indies and Pacific, Carthagena, Cuba, &c. Oct. 16.

- -
LOSS OF A SCHOONER AND HER CREW.—More of
wasonquhare-r
the fruits of the late hurricane are gradually becoming
known. On Saturday evening two tugs arrived at Greenock,
wreckfher
larboard
ow.
portion Th
of beam ends, with
above water, and to the hull was attached one of the
tewaste, which had keen broken away, and some spars and
.g The wreck was towed into Caftsdyke Bay. It
having a derelict
.thovnelysseal
sminaltl
h--41'bneen, picked up off Lamlash on Wednesday morning by
one
It
M'Cuaroved to be the schooner Caledonia, of
ig, master and owner. Mrs.
of the tugs. It p
the master's wife, who resides at Greenock, ro-
te letter from her husband on
ednesday last, wlit-
MGeenri'veefeeurndosiomacgki L: ondonderr Wy on the morning
of the precious day,
stating that he had got a pilot on board, and was about to
start in ballast for Ardrossan ; and the next thing she
hearh
Sa.turdof the vessel was her being brought to Greenock on
were three evening a total wreck. Besides the master there
men on that all have board, and there is every reason to fear
Perished.

B I B, S.
EL:iifse.—ofoAtnheEttihs,inLsstq.,.,aotfMaosrodne.n-hill, Blackheath, the
PENNANT.—On the 7th inst., at Mortimer House, Halkin-
street, the Lady Louisa Douglas Pennant, of a daughter,
stillborn.
PAYNE.—On the Bth inst., at 32, Kensington-square, Mrs.
-Wyndham Payne, of a son.
WARD.—On the Bth inst., at 2, Lenard-place, St. John's..
wood, the wife of Howard Charles Ward, Esq., of a
daughter.

MARRIAGES.
BARRY—RUTTER.—On the 4th inst., at the parish church,
Clapham, Godfrey W. Barry, Esq., fourth son of the
late Sir Charles Barry, to Frances Emily, the youngest
daughter of J. S. Rutter, Esq., Clapham-common.
NELSON—MORICE.—On the 4th inst., at St. James's
Holloway, Thomas Nelson, Esq., M.D., R.N., to Jane'
second daughter of Commander G. F. Morico, R.N. of
Arundel •square, Barnsbury• park, Islwgton. ,
DUATH

EDWARDS.—On the 7th inst., Mary Ann, the beloved wife
of Thomas Edwards, Esq., soli ictor, of 16, Vorleys Villas,
Junction-road, Upper ItAloway, aged 44.
COTTRELL.—On the 4th inst., at White Hart-lane,'Tot-
tenham, G. A. Cottrell, Esq., late Accountant-General
inland Revenue.

C .—On the 26th ult., at St. Lawrence, Ramsgate,
tn
aed Carr, Esq., of Wilmott-square, Bethnal-green,
g ry
80.
DEmrsEy.—On the sth inst., atWoolwich,rhas. Dempsey,
Esq., Inspector-General of HOspitals, aged 55.
DIXON.—On tho 2 inst., Jseph Dixon, Esq., Apton
GEE.—Onßishop's
thest Shitdf
nosrtt.: rad; aLowestoft, Joseph Gee, Esq
ohire, f Cottingham
58. and Everthorpe, in the county of York-
s aged
UZIELLI.—On th st
Hanover
e sth in., at Ostend, Matthew Uzielli,
Esq., of Lodge, Regent's-park, aged 55.

Lorworr : Printed and Published by MURDO YOUNG,
of No. 112, Strand, Printer, at The Sun 3ffieo, No, 112,
'Stran,d, in the Preeiflet of the Savoy, in the Sou*
AUddigiox* Weggrb Oittlat P 1 LNQ.

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