The Sun.
London, England, 1860-03-03 00:00:00

~t~•.q_ Rt. .~.

smooth. The Emperor NAPOLEON may over-
rate his run of luck, which, in his
career, as in many others, may play him false in
the end. He seems predestined, like his Great
Uncle, to be the spoiled child of fortune, and
may yet meet his deserts, without the glory that
should await on good intentions, and consecrate the
1 memory of worthy deeds.

combinee avec les forces de la Grande Bretagne,

ui infligera le chhtiment de sa perfidie." There is

no hesitation there—nothing dubious—no attempt
at prevaricatien. It is a distinct intimation of

what is intended to be done to the Chinese in

punishment of a great wrong before any new ar-
rangements of a specific kind can be negotiated
with them by the Allied Governments. And the
statement thus made, we will admit, comes to us in
a manner quite refreshingly, after the very mealy-

From the times of the Greek despots—tyrants
they termed them—to those of the present day, the

instincts of the class have been the same. Holy

mouthed and hesitating allusions to the new
Chinese expedition uttered of late by one or two
of the leading members of our own Government.
Examining these remarks, we might almost

alliances, and intermarriages and treaties, to
strengthen each other against the aspirations of
men for self-government, are their universal expe-
dients. How few of the hereditary asserters of
their Divine right to reign but are directly or
indirectly, at this moment, connected by inter-
marriages, as well as by identity of interests. Even
the elected Emperor marries his family into old
families, and would have married an old family

have been led to believe that the expedition was

really intended to be inaugurated, upon its arrival
on the coast of China, by some more meek ad•

vances to the treacherous Asiatics, with a view to

induce them to satisfy the offended majesty o

England, by simply saying—" That affair on the
Peiho was nothing more, believe us, than an unhappy
casualty, the result, purely, of an unfortunate mis-
apprehension. We are very sorry for it [as
though the miscreants were schoolboys], we will
never do so again"—and so an end of the matter !
Instead of this being the intention of this new
"expedition serivaise"—the EMPEROR declares,
point blank, that " lui (l'expedition) infligera le
chMiment de sa perfidie"—the perfidy of the
Chinese. So that we are now, of course, to under-
stand all the soft speaking of Ministers here in
England, in regard to the actual significance of
this expedition, as just so much evidence of frater-
nal consideration for the prejudices of their peace-
at-any-price intimates, whether in the Cabinet or
out of it ! By the wisest arrangement that could
by possibility have been hit upon, under the cir-
cumstances, the Earl of ELGIN and KINCARDINE,
the successful negotiator of that brilliant treaty of
Tien-tsin, has been chosen by her MAJESTY, at the
instance of her MAJESTY'S present advisers, to pro-
ceed once more over to the scene of his late diplomatic
triumphs, there to preside over the pacific negotia-
tions which will follow, as a matter of course, sooner
or later, upon the preliminary retribution which, in
itself, is inexorably requisite, also as a matter of
course, as a preliminary. Before the newly•ap-
pointed plenipotentiary takes his departure for the
old scat of war, he has received from the ancient
Corporation of the City of London the customary
recognition accorded by the city to Distinguished
Public Servants. A gold box, valued at 100 guineas,
containing within it the freedom of the City, was
on Thursday handed, in the Guildhall, to the Earl of
ELGIN and KINCARDINE, K.T.—not long hence we
doubt not to be Marquis of ELGIN, end very pos-
sibly into the bargain K.G.—" in testimony of the
high sense entertained of the important services
rendered by his lordship to the country and its
commerce in Canada, China, and Japan ! " In
responding to the eulogistic address of the City
Chamberlain, with which address, according to
custom, the gold and parchment testimonial was
accompanied, Lord ELGIN observed, among other
things, " I know that the freedom of the City is
not conferred upon me only because I occupied that
important position (that of Governor-General of
Canada) at an important period in the history of
Canada, not only because of the part which I took
in the conclusion of the Treaty of Washington, to
which the City Chamberlain has referred ; but I
may remind you that when I went to Washington
a British admiral and an American commodore were
sailing upon the coasts with instructions founded
upon opposite conclusions, and that a single indis-
creet act upon the part of one or the other of those
two naval officers might have brought on a conflict
which would have involved us in all the horrors of
war." A propos of which Treaty, Lord ELGIN
remarked on Thursday "there has been a good deal
of talk lately about reciprocity treaties, and I may
say that if all such treaties work as satisfac-
torily as that between Great Britain and the
United States, I think we shall not have
much reason to complain of reciprocity trea-
ties." In testimony of the force of which
last remark, the English negotiator of that
Washington Treaty forthwith imparted to his audi-
tors this agreeable little anecdote. " I happened,"
said Lord ELGIN, " to meet Mr. BUCHANAN—then
ambassador here, but now President of the United
States— about two years after the conclusion of
that treaty, walking in Hyde-park, and I said to
him, I hear, Mr. BUCHANAN, by the reports of the
Chamber of Commerce at New York, that the trade
under the treaty has trebled.' He said, Oh, that
is not what I hear; I hear it has quintupled !' "
Si sic omnia ! "But so it will be with this French
Treaty"—no doubt would be the remark uttered at
once by the hon. members for Rochdale and Bir-
mingham. But then—let both Mr. COBDEN and
Mr. BRIGHT keep vividly in remembrance that the
Earl of ELGIN was referring to what was really
and truly (as he called it) "a reciprocity
Treaty" whereas the reciprocity part of the
Treaty just entered into between France and
England is certainly the oddest reciprocity
yet heard of! Whereas in regard to the
Washington Treaty the reciprocity was six on
our side and six on the other—in this new Treaty,
concocted in the Palace of the Tuileries between
the Emperor NAPOLEON and Mr. COBDEN, the reci-
procity is six to France and nil to England ! In
Heaven's name, if we needs must have commercial
treaties at all—luxuries which it was imagined
Free Trade had a dozen years ago put quite' cut
of date, as belonging rather to the regime of Pro-
tection—let us the next time we have occasion to
negotiate one, be it with the Great Mogul or the
King of the Sandwich Islands, let us send to the
Government with which we are about to negotiate,
not a " political bagman," who is enamoured of the
phantasy of Peace-at-any-price, but some plenipoten-
tiary like the Earl of ELGIN, who will see well to
that fair play which the proverb tells us is a jewel,
and who will not, for the sake of propitiating the
goodwill of the despotic master of 609,000 armed
men, bind England hand and foot (for ten years to
come) to the policy of the high personage thus con-
ciliated—rendering her liable (when so bound) to
be dragged during the ten years in the dust after
the wheels of his triumphal car. England, it has
been said, wants no cousins. Still less does she
want any merely huckstering agents on the sly as
her-Negotiators.

princess himself had not Austria, to her cost, forbid

the banns. And when a match can't be made, a

treaty is_ to aid each other in keeping down the

people.

At the present moment Hungary, Venetia, and
Tuscany appear to cause the despot-world great
disquiet. Very lately the Morning Chronicle as-

mired. us, on authority which our contemporary
said could not deceive, that Russia; in return for

Austrian support in the Danubian provinces and
the East, was to enable Austria to keep down
Hungary and Venetia, and generally to oppose all
the anti-legitimist arrangements which might be
proposed, attempted, or carried out in Italy. Now,
the story is somewhat modified, but with yet
stronger asseverations of its truth, and it runs
that, while Russia, from deference to France,
will not interfere in Italy, she will keep Hun-

gary and its connected provinces in awe. Our
contemporary speaks with such confidence
as to its sources of information, as we should not
do, unless certain of not misleading our readers, we
ought therefore to assume that the statements are,
substantially, true.
We are sorry to notice that the conduct of Aus-
tria looks as if she had received some encourage-
ment. In Venetia she is brutal and barbarous. In
Hungary more bold and outrageous than a short
time ago. The Protestants, backed by the Catho-
lies and the Greek Church, were, at last, desirous
to come to some arrangement by which they might
accept the Government of the 30th of September,
without surrendering their ancient rights. They
supposed they had succeeded in doing this through
the discussion between their principal representative,
BaronNicnoLas VAY, and Count THUN, the obstinate
author of the Patent. The Baron had arranged a
technical mode of effecting the object of the Hun-
garians; but the haughty German Count, or perhaps
his haughtier Imperial master, or both, refused
even this. And thus, therefore, the quarrel now
stands. The German oppressors say, " You shall
bow the knee to the ecclesiastical orders of your
Jesuit ridden and treacherous Empire." The Hun-
garian Protestants reply, " Ecclesiastical arrange.
ments are a part of our national franchise—we will
not accept an octroyed arrangement." And all the
other confessions back them in asserting a national
claim ! The consequence is increased obstinacy at
Vienna ; increased persecutions ; trials worthy
to match with that of POERIO at Naples ;
and police annoyances of every kind. The Hun-
garians are now striving to find some new mode of
political manifestation, always sure to be heartily
adopted, and the Austrians to bring such things
within the survey and control of their officers. So
completely is the press at the mercy of an ignorant
and brutal German police, that the editors are
talking of asking for a censorship as a boon !
In Venetia, again, the Austrian reign is one of
sheer force. No terms appear to be kept. The
enmity of the population is bitter and deadly. The
measures of repression are such that the emigra-
tion is constant. For this, in itself, Austria
would probably care but little did not so large a
part of the emigrants enlist. She would endea-
vour to people the country with her blockish dull
Germans, or at least to purchase estates cheap, or
to confiscate them under all kinds of pretexts.
But if the scarcity of labour render the naturally
poor soil of little value, and the emigrants are
arming under another monarch for the liberation
some day of their native land, Austria must fear
the results of that cruelty, which is such a part of
her nature that she cannot renounce it.
But Austria is not the only despot in Italy, and
in Northern Italy too. Louis NAPOLEON can no
more change his BONAPARTE nature than the leo-
pard his spots. The " Liberator of Italy" proclaims
himself to his own Senate the despot of Italy.
The stories arc true ! Not only must poor, weak,
little, helpless, France take precautions for her
safety against a kingdom which she will allow to
number 9,000,000 inhabitants; but she will forbid
that kingdom to become 12,000,000—forbid it, not
by compelling it to abstain from adding three mil-
lions more by conquest, but by forbidding the
three millions to join themselves to their natural
protectors. Tuscany and the Romagna are
to be part of a "free " Italy ; " for Italy,"
says the openimg of the EMPEROR'S
speech, "is on the eve of constituting herself
free." Yes, free, indeed! Such a freedom as a
chapter of one of our cathedrals receives from the
Prime Minister of England— the freedom of a
" leave to elect " the man whom the Minister
names. We do wonder that even a BONAPARTE
does not blush to tell Italy in the same breath that
she is " free," but—" to do as he orders." It is not
evepr:yailol-y. But whatpoetitewho l
ilikwestl Lord JOHNoshow his
RUSSELL
real objects
so
say to this? He had decried such projects on the
part of his noble ally. Will he confess now that
the despot of France has jilted him, much as he of
Austria took in Lord DEinv, by commencing the
Italian war ? English Prime Ministers must not
put their trust in Continental despots—must not,
at least, commit themselves to English audiences
on the faith of their assertions.

we imagined long since had
The Earl OFELGIN,
earned a right to a marquisate. In this we were
mistaken ; but our view, we rest assured, has only
been somewhat precipitate. Those diplomatie ne-
gotiations with the Chinese and Japanese—nego-
tiations conducted by him to an issue apparently
so triumphantly conclusive, have resulted as yet
only on the part of the larger of the two Asiatic
empires in an act of trcachel y requiring to be ex-
piated through the medium of a prompt and
severe chastisement. It can only by possibility be
after this retribution has been wreaked upon the
Government of Pekin by the combined warlike ope
rations in the far East, of France and England,
that the Western Allies can dream of establishing
anew, upon a firm basis, amicable relations with a
race numbering one-third of the whole population
of the globe. However ambiguously the Emperor
of FRANCE
haranguePßANspeaks in regard to other matters, in
to the Chambers, on Thursday, he
spoke quite plainly and explicitly upon that point.
" Respecting China," said his MAJESTY, " An im-
portant expedition wilit in e.\l,',lnct'op with tlif:
forces of Great Britain, chastise that country for
her perfidy :" or, to give the very words them-
selves—" Quant a la Chine, une expedition serieuse,

ADELPIII THEATRE ROYAL.—Her Royal High-
ness the Duchess of Cambridge, the Princess Mary, and
suite, honoured this theatre last evening to witness the per-
formance of the successful new comedy of " Paper Wings"
by the author of " The Dead Heart."
WRECK OF THE NIMROD.---ST, DATID'S, March le
—A quantity of cargo, consisting of various articles, has
been saved from the Nimrod, from Liverpool to Cork, lost
at the Head.

beaten 4 by a large
act numbers
al; ihsutelce(a;traedp.denThise
THE CORK ELECTION.--DUBLIN, Friday.—
havemajority. °hi' le
e'n.Y- receivedG el
er
nAettt
TILE BALLOT.—MR. E. CRAUFITRD'S MOTION.—
The postponement of this important motion until Thurs-
day, March 8, gives the friends of the ballot in the pro-
vinces an opportunity of writing to their local members to
attend and support the motion, of which it is hoped many
will avail themselves,
THE BALLOT MEETING AT NORTHAMPTON.—
A crowded public meting was held in the Guildhall, Nor-
thampton, on Thursday evening last. The Mayor, Edmund
F. Law, Esq., presided. The principal- speaker was Mr.
Whitehurst (from the Ballot Society), who explained the
system of the ballot used in Australia, and laid before the
e U.-1y ..1; re, Oiliai•
addresses were delivered byW. Shoosmith, Esq., W. Dennis,
Esq., J. Vernon, Esq., and other gentlemen. After a slig-ht,
but wholly ineffectual attempt at opposition, petitions to
both houses praylng for the ballot on the Australian system
were adopted by an overwhelming majority,

_E-SUN, LONDON, SAITRDAY EVENING, MARCH 3, 1860.

ADELPHI THEATRE.

"Paper Wings," the new comedy produced on
Monday last, has proved highly attractive. Since
the first night of its representation 4-':‘-:ral trifling
alterations have been made, and the snecess, which
was indisputable on Monday evening, is 'now greatly
heightened. Mr. Wigan's Sir Arthur ininlimmon
is truly a great performance ; and, admirable as we
thought him in his celebrated part of John -Mild-
may in " Still Waters Run Deep," his present em-
bodiment of the straightforward Welsh baronet far
surpasses it. In the latter part of the comedy,
where the anxiety of over-speculation becomes ap-
parent, Mr. Wigan's acting was unsurpassable, and
the interest produced on the audience was in-
tense. Mrs. Wigan is also admirably fitted
with a part, and the author must congratu-
late himself on knowing two such talented
artistes to represent the leading parts in his comedy.
Mr. Toole improves very rapidly in his profession
indeed, we might almost say, nightly. The ap-
plause elicited by his embodiment of William Kite,
the jackall of Garroway, the city man, is perfectly
uproarious. Miss Kate Kelly has a very excellent
part in the piece—a prim, pert waiting-maid, which
she acts to the life ; and Mr. Selby, as Flimsy, the
fashionable flunkey, is irresistibly comic.
The piece has been put on the stage with great
elegance and care ; the two principal scenes—a
drawing-room, elegantly furnished, in Mr. Garro-
way's office at the corner of Capel-cotrt, with the
entrance to the " House," being excellent specimens
of stage illusion, and well merit the a?plause they

elicit.
The theatre last evening was again crowded by
a very fashionable audience, who seemed fully to
appreciate the excellent entertainments provided
for them by the indefatigable lessee and manager.

NEWS.