The Sun.
London, England, 1869-09-09 00:00:00

THE SUN, LONDON, TH tIRSDAY EVENING, SEPTEMBER 9, 1869._

-to pm trio agitation tor a lana tenure settle-
ment. Though these two members of Parlia-
ment sit on opposite benches, and mostly vote
in different lobbies, both, says Sir John, are equally
anxious to promote the interests of the Irish tenantry.
The question is not a party one ; the reform is
needed for the benefit of Irishmen of all ranks and
parties. Even in Ulster the necessity for legal pro-
tection is becoming more and more clear. That
province has long enjoyed exceptional prosperity
through the custom of tenant-right ; but this custom
is not full security. It is being gradually under-
mined through the want of legislation

" The official reports printed and published by Paths,
ment estimate the tenant-right property of the Ulster
farmers, which, though recognised by all good and just
landlords, is unprotected by law, at £20,000,000. Few
men are found so hazardous or reckless as to yenturs in
Ulster to abrogate the tenant-right custom on their
estates. The process is to abiorb its value, not to assail
its existence, and, by a capricious increase of rent, gra-
dually to melt these £20,000,000 into the great feudal
cauldron, and, thus render the fixed tenure, secured by
custom, fixed penury, not, as now, assured comfort, and
honourable though frugal independence."

Sir John Gray says that the Southern tenantry will
make a great effort to extend this Ulster tenant
right to the whule island, with a legal guarantee.
By this change the Ulster farmers will profit, for
though they have the tenant right, it is merely sup-
ported by custom, not by law. Mr. Johnstone, the
knight thinks, has it in his power to contribute
infinitely towards this good end.
The second report, 1860-66, prepared by Dr. 'W .
Aeilson Hancock, on the history of the landlord and
tenant question in Ireland, contains several sug-
gestions of importance. Having set out the prin-
ciples of the statutes on the subject passed in 1800,
and glanced at the machinery provided for the opera-
tion of those principles, the writer proposes a variety
of changes. First, as to the landlord's improve-
ments. A proprietor seeking to improve with his
own money or with his own credit should be at
liberty, if the next heir did not object, to adopt a
proceeding to be framed in accordance with
the precedent afforded by the Montgomery
Act, which worked successfully for eighty
years in Scotland. In the case of a pro-
prietor seeking to borrow money, improvements
might be executed as under the Board of Works'
acts, and charged against successors in estate.
Passing from the improvements of landlords to those
of tenants, Br. Hancock suggests that it is a defect
in the Act- to require the intervention of the Irish
county court to sanction an improvement, and to
require a minute detail of the expenditure to be
lodged in court. Compensation, he further urges,
,should always be adequate and in money, and U.
express assent of the landlord to every single act of
improvement should not be enforced.

arrest, but that he had incurred the crispiesStire
of his superior officer by the vigilance with which he
had discharged his duty; and he was dragged off to
the lock-up, with extreme brutality, in order to sup-
port a fabricated charge of intoxication. This strange
statement was supported by three independent wit-
nesses, not iu the force. The case was adjourned.
Whichever party may be in the right, these frequent
case of false swearing on the part of policemen are
extremely unpleasant. Lying must be expected
in certain members of every calling; but the vice is
particularly obnoxious when it is accompanied by
such power as it entrusted to the guardians of the
nem.

a prominent citizen of Ogdensburg,logether with
$9,000 of the money of his neighbours, also $ll,OOO
from the Prescott Bank, which is in Canada, on
the other side the St. Lawrence, was picked up at the
Belmont Hotel, in Fulton-street, a few days ago. The
above is what he took ; but what he left was a wife
and two children. He went to Vera Cruz, where
he got what he did not bargain for, the yellow fever,
and, as things did not progress favourably there, he
returned to New York, and lived here under the
name of Clark, when he was met by a merchant of
Ogdensburg, which led to his arrest and return to
that town. We have two coloured State Senators!
from Louisiana, Pinchbeck and Anthony, and last
Sunday they addressed the congregation of Zion's
Church. They are stopping with Mr. Bell, No.
5-13, Broome-street. But the lions of the week
have been the Chinamen, Sing-Man, and Choy-
Chew. Everything which lions get they got; they
were photographed, reported, visited, cheered, hand-
shaken, dined, wined, and balled, till they happily
got away alive on the sly, by the 5.30 a.m. Eric
train on Tuesday for San Francisco, to stop two days
at Chicago. No one knew when they were going,
and the celestial countenances, which had beamed
in so rare a manner on New York, suddenly dis-
appeared. Gen. John A. Rawlins passed through
New York on Wednesday. The tailors' strike has
ended, six firms being excluded from the list of
shops open to the men who claim the victory, as at
least they have succeeded in obtaining an increase
of wages. About 200 of them are still idle, while
the six shops that held out are filling up with men
by degrees. The steamer San Jacinto, beached at
Body's Island on the 9th inst., got off on Tuesday
and was towed to Norfolk ; the wreckers sent
down from this city were I believe found very use-
ful, and to their operations is due a result so satis-
factory.

WASHINGTON, Aug. 18.

Washington has to bear the threatened removal
of the:capital, now being agitated at St. Louis,
with a sort of dreary conviction that the seat of
Government has been already removed. There are
Government buildings, but nothing else to mark
the seat of the national capital. Grass grows in
our silent and deserted streets, which have ceased
to echo to the tread of a Representative. Our Exe-
cutive halls are empty. Secretary Fish is at his
country seat on the Hudson, Secretaries Bout-
well and Hoar are in Massachusetts, Secretary Cox
is in Ohio, Secretary Creswell is at home in Elkton,
and Secretary Robeson is in New York. Secretary
Rawlins, who was the last Minister to leave, is
now with his family at Danbury, Connecticut.
That gentleman denies a report here spread that
the President had tendered to General G. M.
Dodge the Secretaryship of War, as General R,tw-
lins reports himself in much bitter health than
since the close of the war, and therefore does not
intend to resign. General Dodge is Chief Engi-
neer of the Union Pacific Railroad, and is now, I
believe, at Boston to attend a meeting of its direc-
tors. The S:cretaries of the Mexican Claims Com-
mission still sit, but get on slowly. Judge Swayne
adjourned the Houston and Galveston Railroad
case on Monday, on the understanding that ar-
rangements had been effected maintaining the in-
terests of both parties till the question—who owns
the road between Galveston and Houston—could
be settled by the Supreme Court. A decree for its
sale was made by Judge Watrons. Those who
purchased it under execution resist the mortgagees,
who desire to foreclose, and this is the question to
be decided. Edmund Burke, of New Hampshire,
former editor of the Washington Union, and once
Commissioner of Patents during the Presidency of
Mr. Polk, will, it is rumoured, resuscitate the
National Intelligencer, bringing out the first num-
, her with the opening of Congress. Mr. Caleb
Cushing, Judge Johnson, and Judge Jones have
issued their revised statutes relating to patents and
copyrights, as they were appointed to do. Commis-
sioner Delano's new whisky regulations, giving
effect to the law of April 10, will soon be ready
for distribution. The reports he receives from all
parts of the country show a result even more gra-
tifying than expected as to the collection of the In-
ternal Revenue.

CONSTANTINOPE, Aug. 9, 18G9.

Ste,—My attention has just been called to a rti-
sum6 of a letter written by me to the New York
Nation, in the Anglo-American of the 17th of
July ult. The opinions and advice of the editor
therein introduced may be quite correct where
they are applicable, but in my case what I par-
ticularly complain of is that though I always
acted uud,:r superior instructions and in the
most perfect accord with my " superiors," and
though Mr. Seward wrote me at one of the most
important crises of the insurrection, " your conduct
and proposed reply to the Turkish Government are
perfectly approved," though Congress openly de-
clared its sympathy with the Cretans, and Mr.
Seward instructed Mr. Morris to use his influence
in behalf of " the brave and suffering Cretans," and
though almost the entire press and public of Ame-
rica supported me heartily, and the President re-
fused to recall me at the request of Blaque Bey,
and no specific charge was made or could be made
against me, the Department of State allowed me to
be bullied, insulted, and maltreated without making
any effort to protect me or to compensate me for
the loss I suffered in obeying my instructions. I
have the written approbation of my superiors for
everything I ever did in Crete. If I symplthized
with the Christians, I only feebly responded to the
Congressional resolutions, and some of the most
prominent of the Turkish functionaries have since
admitted that if they had received my suggestions
differently the Cretan affair might have had a dif.
ferent colour.—Yours truly,

W. J. STILLMAN,
Late United States Consul, Crete.

[We regret if any remark of ours has given pain
to Mr. Stillman, nothing being further from our
intention. We took his own account, and drew
the conclusions to which we believed his narrative
pointed, while feeling the full force of his tragic
story. As our conclusions were wrong, though de-
rived from Mr Stillman's own letter, we have plea-
sure in publishing the fact as shown by himself ;
and as the light in which his letter was seen by us,
is that in which it may have been seen by others,
it is perhaps as well to have extracted from him
this supplement to his story.—En. A.A.T.]

We have received the following communication
from Messrs. Fisk and llatch, the well-known New
York bankers :

New York, 5, Nassau-street, Aug. 10.

Dear Sir,—The Pacific Railroad, so long the
theme of conjecture, is a fact accomplished. Pas-
sengers, mails, and freight pass between New York
and San Francisco with the same regularity, celerity,
and convenience as between Boston and Washing-
ton ; the Pacific coast has been effectually brought
within the national railroad system. Considering
the extent of the undertaking, the nature of the
country to be traversed, the vast distances whence
labour, supplies, and materials were drawn, toge-
ther with the rapidity of its construction, it stands
unrivalled among peaceful enterprises. Had fif-
teen 'years been occupied in the work, instead
of five years, its completion would have been hailed
as one of the grandest events in our national progress.
The rumours which for awhile prevailed of the
faulty character of portions of the work have been
dissipated since the opening of the through line has
afforded opportunity to thousands of examining it.
Although barely three months have elapsed since
the testimony is almost universal to
the opening,
the excellence of the road and to the energy of the
it to the highest state of
companies in bringing
perfection in the shortest possible time. Railroads
grow to perfection, and it may be safely asserted
that the past affords no parallel to the rapidity of
completion of either track, structures, or equipment
i of the main line of the Pacific Railroad. Especially
is this true of that portion lying west of Salt Lake,
owned and built by the Central Pacific Rail-
road Company ; which stands to-day as solid,
fiui-thed, and well-furnished as many of the oldest
and most prominent lines in the country. in
the words of the Government Commissioners, who
but recently inspected the whole line, " we are
. satisfied that all has been done in good faith."
I This splendid monument of the genius, skill, and

energy of the Central Pacific Railroad Company
is due in part, at least, to the efforts of those who
aided us in securing the means, without which the
enterprise must have halted. It is with peculiar
pride therefore, at this time, that we point to our
oft-expressed expectations, which must have seemed
sanguine, and to the glorious consummation of the
work, as our vindication. From the beginning we
have had faith in the sagacity, vigour, and integ-
rity of the company's operations ; and we have the.
same faith in their wisdom and success in main-
taining and operating their great road as they have
shown in its construction. IYe are gratified to be
able to present conclusive evidence of the renaun e-
rative returns of the enterprise as a business invest-
ment, independently of the important national bene-
fits and prestige to be derived from it. The business
of the Central Pacific between Sacramento and Pro-
montory Point, between which place it has been ope-
rated for the three moc the since the opening on May
10, are (approximately) as follows, mainly in gCld
Gross earnings, $1,703,350 ; operating expenses,
$920,341 ; net earnings, $783,009 ; or a revenue
of over seven millions per annum, of which three
millions are net profit, available for interest pay-
ments. The aggregate of the annual interest pay-
ments the past year was $994,010.00, and it is not
probable they will be increased materially. These
figures have been attained, of course, while the
facilities of the company were at their newest and
crudest stage, and at the same time a large amount
of unproductive transportation was necessary. Both
freight and passengers are increasing so rapidly that
the company have made important reductions in
the rates as fast as their facilities permitted them.
They will adhere to the policy of encouraging the
largest traffic consistent with the requirements of
their obligations. The mineral deposits along the
route of the road continue to attract attention and
add to its local business ; while the low prices and
easy terms offered to emigrants must tend to in-
creased settlement on the company's lands, which
are of great value. We feel, indeed, that the busi-
ness of the Central-Pacific is in its infancy ; and
that its development to unexampled proportions in
a very short period will be a new cause of astonish-
ment.—Yours respectfully, FISK and HATCII.
N.B.—We heartily recommend the Central Pa-
cific Railroad Bonds as a first-class investment ;
and are filling orders for them at the market price,
net, as received. With the absorption of the small
lots floating here a marked advance in price will no
doubt follow. We quote to-day :—The First Mort-
gage Bonds at 97 to 98 ; Convertible, 108 to 110 ;
" State Aid," 112 to 114.