The Sun.
London, England, 1869-07-08 00:00:00

-JULY 8, 1869.

establishing houses for able-bodied young women.
The case was argued by Mr. L. S. Chatfield, and
is exciting great interest, as it involves a vast sum,
and questions such as the apostacy of faith and the
failure of Protestantism. The subject was dis-
cussed on Thursday, the Court being thronged. In
answer to the allegations, Mr. llarrison alleged
that the Protestant faith was not mentioned in the
original endowment nor in the Prayer-book, which
brought to the ground one charge, the others he
attempted to show were equally untruthful, but
the plaintiff reiterated all in reply, and Judge
M'Cunn took the papers, and reserved his decision.
The Swedenborgiaus have been in session, and had
a long debate on the words " diocese" and " pa-
rish," which Mr. Hitchcock desired to change into
" society," alleging that they belonged to the
Episcopal Church, through which the monarch-
cal system of England was applied to religious
matters in America. A difficulty has arisen
between Bishop Whitehouse and the Rev. Mr.
Cheney in Chicago. Mr. Cheney adheres to his
convictions as conscientious, and the Bishop gave
hiM seven days to consider, which expired on the7tb,
without the rev, gentleman changing his opinion.
The dispute sprang from the secession from the
Church of a Mr. Wood, who paid the Bishop a
parting visit, when the subject of baptism was dis-
cussed, and Mr. Cheney's views were cited, and the
way in which he conducted the service. The Bishop
sent for him, and a controversy almost as serious as
that of Mr. Tyng is likely to be the result. A
movement is on foot to alter the forms of expression in
the Episcopal Prayer-book, other cases having arisen.
A curious Scene occurred in the Court of Oyer and
Terminer at White Plains on Wednesday evening,
which very much astonished Judge Barnard. A
well-known lawyer, when in a state of intoxica-
tion, entered the Court, and insisted on the post-
ponement of the. trial of his client, and that a spe-
cial term should be held for the trial. On the
judge delivering his decision in a peremptory way,
the inebriated counsel burst into a torrent of oaths,
and was in that state removed. The Quaker City,
or the steamship Columbia of London, was released
on Wednesday, and lost no time in getting off.
' Several drinking fountains are to be erected in dif-
ferent parts of the city, under the superintendence
of the Board of Health. The deaths recorded last
week were 425, 101 marriages ; and 220 births in
this city. Small-pox has been pretty well "stamped
out," and there now remain only a few cases of the
simplest type. In some districts of the city almost
every person has been vaccinated, and the children
in attendance at the various schools, public and pri-
vate, have been cared for in this respect by their
parents or teachers. The scare of the week has
been in the Cuban Junta, on the action of the
United States Government, through the Grand
Jury of the United States Circuit, which found true
bills of indictment against Jose Morales Lemus,
President of the Junta, and Jose M. Bnsora, John
11. lAtnar, Jose Mora, Colonel William C. O'Ryan,
Francisco Fesscr, and Mariano Alvarez (members
of the same organization) ; warrants were issued
by Judge Blatehford for their arrest, which were
immediately served. President Lemus answered,
and was bailed for $lO,OOO ; O'Ryan and Mora
were taken, and with the rest gave bonds to appear
for trial, and immediately a big sensation arose
among the friends of freedom, and several left
Washington in a fright. An evening paper intro-
duced the affair with the headings, " War on Cuba.
Crowning Infamy. The United States Fighting
Freedom ;" and the allies of Cuba spread the re-
port that Spanish spies guided the United States
officers to the capture. An officer of the Quaker
City was arrested on the charge of assaulting an
official in the discharge of his duty to watch the
fillibustering tendencies of the vessel. The Cubans
deny the truth of the report that cholera was epi-
demic in their island, their advices being that this
was the healthiest season ever known, and alleging
as the object to deter fillibinters. Anxiety is felt
about General Jordan's command, which having
closed on a large Spanish force, an engagement was
imminent. All the expeditions sent from the
United States had succeeded in reaching Quesada's
army, consisting of well-armed and effective men,
and they have been felt most disagreeably by the
Spanish troops. Great confidence prevailed of
ultimate success in consequence of the aid thus
forwarded, and the recent action of Government is
all the more discouraging, as it may interfere with
these well-established hopes. Last Wednesday
three ladies were drowned by being thrown from a
carriage into a mill-pond, near Rochester. The
Union and Central Pacific Railroads have adjusted
their difference, and sell through tickets from our
city, for $l7B 35 cents. in greenbacks, to San Fran-
cisco, first class, in eight days. The Erie direction
get the lease of their office for five years, as they
have managed to lobby their bill through our re-
putable Legislature. One great daily, alluding to
the proceedings at Albany, observes that, if the
rule holds, " the greater the truth the greater the
libel," what swinging damages our Legislature ought
to recover from the New York press. Mr Henry
E. Clark and Mr F. Frederick Gunther got a shake
and a frignt on Thursday, when driving from their
hotel to the ferry landing at West Point. Two
hard mouthed horses ran away, and with furious
speed rushed to the pier, upsetting the carriage and
plunging headlong into the water, where they were
drowned, nearly drowning the driver as well, and
injuring both the gentlemen.

WASHINGTON, June 18.

One of our citizens, William T. Smithson, has
brought an action against Edwin M. Stanton, late
Secretary of War, for $lO,OOO on account of tres-
pass and false imprisonment during the war, when
Smithson was incarcerated in Fort Lafayette for four
months without investigation, and he was re-arrested
shortly after being discharged, tried as a spy by
Court-Martial, and sentenced to five years' impri-
sonment, one of which he served in the Albany
Penitentiary, ere released by President Lincoln.
His property was attached, the furniture sold, and
his family driven from their house. The facts are
not disputed, but the question hinges on the
grounds. Smithson alleges that he was not a spy,
that the case was trumped up against him, the let-
ters on which he was convicted being forged, and
he moves that the originals be produced for the
Court's inspection. On the other side, it is as-
serted that Smithson was a spy, giving infor-
mation to the enemy under the assumed name
of Charles H. Cables, acting as their financial
agent, being so engaged when arrested, and that he
had advised the enemy to assault this city. Under
the advice of the Judge Advocate-General and the
Solicitor of the War Department the Secretary
acted as martial law allowed, and the sentence of
the Court was confirmed. It was due to the kind-
ness of the President and the leniency of the Admi-
nistration that Smithson was released after a year's
imprisonment, but not pardoned, as the Govern-
ment desired to maintain its hold over him in case
of future misconduct. On the point of appropria-
ting his effects and ejecting his family, the defend-
ant relies for impunity on the Act of Congress of
July 17, 1862, to punish rebels, and further by the
Act of March 3, 1863, whereby the order of the
President or officers under his authority, during
the rebellion, shall be a defence for such acts, but
the plaintiff is determined to test the case to the
utmost, and to carry it in the event of an adverse de-
cision up to the Supreme Court. The Navy Depart-
ment seems determined to stop politics interfering
with business, and to exclude persons likely to create
dissensions, but orders have been issued not to dis-
charge workmen merely for holding political opinions.
The commandants of the Navy yards are forbidden
to allow persons to examine models, plans, and in-
veations, without special permission. Forty-one
vessels had their names changed last Tuesday ; some
of them rightly enough, but others, many think,
ill-
advisedly. To get rid of the ridiculous unpronouce-
able names Father Welles must have deeply studied
Indian history to disinter, was right enough ; but
not our well-known Eastern Indian names, which
arc as familiar to us as any others, such as Man-
Justice, Nantucket, Catskill. I suppose the Depart-
ment NN isho I to be clear of every vestige of the old
Secretary, who would have been far better employed
for the sake of England as well as of our country
in rooting out such pests of the sea as the Alabama,
whose career many of our naval officers think he

might have made much shorter. Several moni-
tors are for sale ; only two bids were received
for them ; the one offering 160,000 dollars
each for two, and the other, small sums for
about half a dozen of the smaller, but all were re-
jected as under the appraised value. Eighty tons
of powder were sold to a New York firm when forts
Greble and Corcoran were dismantled, and the
firm is loading a schooner with 100,0001bs. of the
power purchased from the Government. Our new
City Government was installed on Monday, but
Mayor Bowen is absent at the Peace Jubilee. The
Hon. Ben. Wade is among the Mormons, but he
goes on when he can tear himself away from
Brigham Young's harem, and Senators Kellogg and
Harris passed through this city on their road to the
Pacific coast.* Mrs. Spinner, wife of the Treasurer,
was seized with an attack of apoplexy shortly after
leaving Washington for her home in Herkimer,
New York. General William F. Harney has re-
tired from the army, and hands over the several
Indian agencies at Grand River, Fort Lily, and
Whetstone Creek to the lately appointed agents
after a long, arduous, and useful career. Colonel
0. A. Mack acts instead of General Pelouse as aide
to the Secretary of War, and has assumed his
duties. William Emory has declined the Governor-
ship of the Soldiers' Home. Secretary Rawlins is
absent on about ten days' leave. Secretary Fish con-
tinues bard at work, although he had a severe but
short attack of illness ; and was " interviewed" on
Tuesday by Mr. Ruiz, the representative of the
Cuban insurgents, who strongly but vainly appealed
for recognition, Mr. Fish merely assuring him of his
personal sympathy for the cause. He alone has got
up his establishment in this city, and makes it really
his home, having taken Senator Morgan's large fur-
nished house at an annual rental of $6,000. Parson
Brownlow favours universal suffrage in Tennessee,
and publishes a characteristic card. The Tennessee
Senator's language is always something of the
strongest, savouring of brimstone and fire, and even
in his extreme feebleness of health the strong habit
remains unconquerable. Like Thaddeus Stevens
he is a man of indomitable will, though not with
the firm and patriotic convictions which marked
the career of that singular character. A story is
current that the Parson will coalesce with Andrew
Johnson to elect D. W. C. Senter for Governor.
The ex-President wants to secure Mr. Fowler's
seat in the Senate, which becomes vacant in '7l,
and we all know with what obstinacy Andrew
Johnson can play to the end-his little game. It was
also rumoured that be was about to pay Washing-
ton a visit, I suppose on this business. Secre-
tary Cox left on Wednesday for Cincinnati to spend
a week in Ohio, and Judge Otto takes charge of his
department in his absence. Chief Justice Chase
has upset some of the calculations of the Treasury
Department, for he has ruled that our statute of
limitation (which I believe to be similar to yours,
making six years the period) acts against the Go-
vernment as well as against individuals, which is
contrary to the custom of the Treasury, and would
have saved them, had they known it, the trouble of
looking up the little debts left by the Government
officers who afterwards joined in the rebellion. The
Chief Justice is much impressed with the improved
protects of the South, and he always advocates a
genuine re-union ; none of your Congressional re-
constructions, but a raising of our starry banner
over the land, and a rallying around it as the sym-
bol of the Union. Addressing the coloured men,
among whom he is recognzied as one of their truest
friends, he told them they had need of caution and
patience, and had more responsibility in action than
whites, for the conduct of one reflected on the whole
race; thus signifying much more than an individual
act. " If," he said, " a white man embraced the
wrong he was adjudged by society simply as a
citizen ; by his own merits or demerits he stood
or fell, with no thought given to his race ; but if a
coloured man departed from the paths of rectitude
or of wisdom, society charged the fault upon his
people." Texas is a big State, a fertile State, and
one in which people might live satisfactorily, if
some of the " cusses" there, would only let them.
The experiment of hanging has not yet been tried in
the case of white men murdering negroes, or shoot-
ing in a quarrel, or for political opinions, but is
likely to be tested on the 24th Sept. next, on the per-
son of James "Weaver, wh(l, unless something inter-
venes, will on that day be hanged far the murder
of Anthony Knowles, the coloured man he delibe-
rately and wantonly shot. As it would have been
impossible to get a white jury to convict him, he was
tried by a military court and sentenced to death, a
decision which has been approved by the Pre-
sident, after being submitted to the Attorney-
General, who has ruled that it is in accordance
with law. In his company is to be hanged Reuben
Smith, of the United States Cavalry, for the mur-
der of an infantry soldier. Texas will soon have a
coloured officer of Customs, as a negro named
Nicholls has been appointed night surveyor at Gal-
veston. They have an unpleasant way of disposing
of Inspectors of Customs in those civilized regions.
Mr. Frank Dupont is the third murdered within six
months, and his body has just been found, the out-
rage being attributed to those unscrupulous scoun-
drels, smugglers on the Mexican border. The case
of young Douglass still progresses. There was a
meeting of compositors and pressmen at the Go-
vernment printing office to uphold his appointment
to a place in their room, and to denounce the action
of the National Typographical Convention ; and a
meeting is to be held to vindicate themselves from
the charge of working with a " rat." Mr. Coffin
spoke to the point pretty plainly, declared the
question to be that of admitting coloured men into
unions, which must be met rightly, and Mr. Done.-
lass quietly resumed work. There was an imposing
funeral here on Wednesday, that of Mrs John F.
Coyle, which was attended by all the Catholic
societies and friends from the surrounding country.
Among the pall-bearers were Senator Stockton of
New Jersey, Mr. Cochran, General Ricketts, Com-
modore Dickman, and Senator Morton of Minne-
sota. Among the retirements is that of General S.
S. Carroll, who was placed on the retired list at his
own request, in the class of disability, resulting
from long and faithful service, or injury incident
thereto, with the full rank of Major-General. His
substantive grade was that of Lieutenant-Colonel in
the United States Army, but he has frequently com-
manded in action brigades of great strength, and he
is incapacitated from service by the wounds he re-
ceived. An active canvas is progressing in Vir-
ginia, to which State it is likely that there will be
a considerable emigration after the election. Both
sides are confident, the Conservatives backing
Walker, and the Republicans Wells. There
was another meeting at Stanton last Tues-
day, no other than the superintendents of the
State Lunatic Asylums, an important object, for
they compare notes and arrive at results to guide
them in the treatment of the insane throughout the
Union. On such points the United States takes
the lead of all nations ; when our country fills up
with people and wealth, I do not boast in raving
that we shall be able to carry into fuller effect and
make more conspicuous, the superiority with which
such institutions are here worked out. The crops
in Virginia are very fine ; the wheat is said to be
magnificent, and all ready to harvest. Our African
fellow-citizens are pushing ahead too fast. Dr.
Purves and Dr. Augusta, though duly licensed as
practitioners by the Medical Society of the district
of Columbia, desired membership in the society as
well, but on application were snubbed, as it was re-
jected by sto 1. Annie Surratt has, poor girl,
changed her name, and amalgamated herself into
her husband, who, by the way, is a chemist, belong-
ing to the Surgeon-General's Office. The Rev.
Father Walter performed the ceremony in St.
Patrick's Church yesterday ; the publication of
banns were dispensed with by Archbishop Spauld-
ing, the marriage being strictly private. Mr. W.
P. Taney and his bride immediately after started
on a tour. The attache of the British Legation,
who gave Senator Grimes the matter for comment
in his letter to the London Times, by an observa-
tion to Senator Sumner that " Ensland's bill of
damages against the United States, growing out of
other claims of British subjects, would be sufficient
to offset the Alabama claims" has been removed to

* Alm Spinner died on the 14th June at Mohawk, Now
York, greatly respected and regeetted by all uho knew
her, and Mr. Spinner will in consequence be detained kr
a longer period than anticipated.

Madrid. Mr. Henry Howard was the gentleman,
anal if he did make the remark, it has cause -1 more
commotion in the diplomatic world than there was
any necessity for, while the diplomatic missions here
openly express their disapproval of the free use made
by Senator Sumner of their private conversation.
The New York Tribune, last week, circulated a story
that the British Minister was to be promoted to
Spain, but I suppose the correspondent had caught
up in his rapid way the transfer of Mr. Howard,
for that story is now authoritatively denied. On
Thursday, the remains of Junius Brutus Booth,
the actor, were carried from Baltimore to Green
Mount Cemetery, where are to be interred his
children, and his brother John Wilkes Booth.
A great seizure has just been effected in Bal-
timore under the Internal Revenue laws. It
was discovered that the Ullinan's distillery, the
largest in the country, with the connivance of Re-
venue officers, had worksd the most perfect system
of fraud hitherto practised, violating every section
of the laws for a long period. Neither the owners
nor the revenue officers can escape the prosecutions
now instituted against them ; and they will be
taught the difference between this and the preced-
ing Administration. An attempt has again been
made to institute charges against General Dyer,
Chief of Ordnance, Clinton Arrick having sent
fresh ones to the Judge-Advocate-General. Mr.
Holt sent them back to go through the proper chan-
nels, and Arrick now applies to the War Depart-
ment for a court-martial instead of a court of in-
quiry, which has no power to convict. The Trea-
sury Department are investigating the New Or-
leans Custom-house frauds, those detected already
reaching to the considerable sum of $300,000, many
officials being implicated. Robert J. Walker will
deliver au oration on the Fourth of July, when the
British Lion will catch it. Moriarty, President Irish
Republican Association, Pennsylvania, in his address
sags that the Convention at Chicago will declare
for universal suffrage, and war with England, the
Irish being bound to uphold the patriotic utter-
ances of Mr. Sumner. Senator Howe denies em-
phatically that he approves of making the Alabama
a party issue. Pressure is brought against the Presi-
dent, after the style with which Andrew Johnson was
so familar to pardon Lieutenant MlGar, sentenced
to five years' imprisonment at Baton Rouge for
murdering Surgeon Brainin, but I cannot imagine
that even the plea of gallant and faithful service
will atone for such a crime as murder. Courtney
was in Washington yesterday to look up Secretary
Boutwell, of whose absance he was not aware, and
he has had his trip for nothing unless he can wait.

GERMANY, June 25.
Sin,—Sundry Americans in these parts were not a
little surprised to find that according to " U. S. A."
in your issue of June 12, we were not only " show-
ing our ignorance," but also making ourselves "in-
variably objects of ridicule" in presuming to put
the initials U. S. A. upon our baggage while travel-
ling in Europe or against our names on hotel re-
gisters, the said initials belonging exclusively
to the army. Now I venture the opinion that nine
hundred and ninety-nine of every one thousand
Europeans who see such initials on baggage or re-
gisters read at once United States of America; in
fact, thxtsu,his, in accordance with the intention, the
invariable result. And Isuggest whetheryour corm-
s.dondent is any exception to the general rule that we
are apt to magnify ourown importauce,and that of our
class, in claiming the exclusive right to U. S. A. for
army officers ; and also whether, as our population
is now about 40,000,000, our army only about
25,000, our army officers (who alone ever travel),
including those on the retired list not over, 1,000
to 1,500, or not in proportion to citizens over one
to 30,000, as also the fact that there is probably not
one army officer travelling in Europe to 1,000
civilians—whether, I say, it were not better that
the one man should (if it is deemed essential to
' advertise his profession) mark himself on baggage
and hotel registers U. S. Army rather than change
a universal no less than appropriate custom
by requiring the 1,000 to be careful to explain,
whenever they register their names, that they do
not claim to belong to the army, but are merely
plain citizens of the United States. The object is
description of locality, and the design of initials is
brevity. In America only the name of the State is
used by its initial, because no more is necessary.
In Europe not one would know anything of most of
our States, where a thousand would instantly re-
cognize U.S.A. Apply the case to a German tra-
velling in America—put the name of one of the small
States on his baggage, and nobody knows it ; put
Germany in its place, and no one is ignorant of it.
Or, still more plainly to the point, a friend says, if,
when I lost my trunk in Italy, it had only been
marked " New Haven, Conn.," I should never have
found it, whereas the U.S.A. caused it to be at once
taken to the American Consul. Again, U.S.A. is
constantly used on public papers and public pro-
perty in America when it has no reference to the
army. Hence, as I believe our countrymen and
fair countrywomen are all now willing to own their
native land, I think they may appropriately, and
without a blush, register themselves and their bag-
gage as U.S.A.

EX-OFFICER U.S. VOLUNTEERS.

[This letter is in answer to that of U. S. A.
These letters reach us from so great a distance that
we cannot publish the reply immediately after the
attack, but have to wait till our correspondent,
U. S. A., in the south of Europe, can answer our
correspondent in the north of Europe. Both aro
well-known Americans, and we leave them to settle
whether these initials belong of exclusive right to
the U. S. Army, or may with propriety be appro-
priated by the citizens when abroad. in America the
three letters undoubtedly belong to the Army, as the
reason the Ex-Officer gives why they are useful in
Europe does not there hold, while it is on that
ground that U.S. A. joins issue with the Ex-Officer
U. S. Volunteers. What the former asserts is
that commonly educated foreigners have no right
to be so ignorant of the United States that the name
of a State is not sufficient. Where that name is
similar to other names, the others must give
place to the greater, that of the State, and on
this Americans should insist, even at the risk
of some personal inconvenience. Although our
last correspondent is right in fact, U. S. A.
is right in sentiment ; but we leave the latter
to maintain his position if he thinks fit, while
we can tell him that in the En-Officer he has no
ordinary antagonist, but one who has earned high
distinction in his department during the war. We
may, however, here observe that in the latest dic-
tionary published, that of Chambers's, U.S. is given
as signifying the United States, and we believe
these initials to be sufficient, the A being left to
signify army, or N navy.—•[Eo. A.A.T.]

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