The Sun.
London, England, 1860-08-30 00:00:00

Commence at 7.

ADELPHI, NEW THEATRE-ROYAL.
Sole Proprietor and Manager. Mr. Benj. Webster.
Last nights of the popular Adelphi Drama of Janet Pride.
THIS EVENING, JANET PRIDE. Messrs. B. Webster.
J. L. Toole, P. Bedford, Stuart, C. Selby ; Miss Woolgar and
Miss Laidlaw.
To conclude with THE ENCHANTED ISLE ; or Raising
the Wind under the most approved Principles. Messrs. J.
L. Toole, P. Bedford, C. J. Smith, C. Selby, Powell, Romer,
Misses Woolgar, K. Kelly, and Emily Thorne.
-

Doors open at half-past 6—Commence at 7.
Box-office open from 10 till 5.
No charge for booking.
Private boxes, £2 28. ; Family Boxes. £l.
Orchestra Stalls, ss. ; Balcony, 4s. ; Front Circle Stalls, Is. •
Pit Stalls, 2a. ; Pit, is. 6d. ; Amphitheatre, la ; Gallery, 6d:
Acting Manager—Mr. Wm. Smith.

A STLEY'S ROYAL AMPHITHEATRE.-
Proprietor and Manager, Mr. Wm. BATTY.
Continued Success of "Mazeppa."

A Grand MID-DAY PERFORMANCE will take place on
SATURDAY next, Sept 1. commencing at Two o'clock.
This Evening, Lord Byron's splendid Hippo-drama of
MAZEPPA AND THE WILD HORSE, with entirely new
and beautiful scenery, costly costumes, and appointments,
introducing the largest stud of highly-trained Horses, Po-
nies, Buffaloes, and Camels in the World.
To be followed by Scenes in the Arena by the Star Riders
of the day, Including the greatest Equestrienne in the world,
Madlle. de Berg, whose wonderful Leap through the body of
a Mail Coach (a feat never before attempted by any other
female) has been nightly received with enthusiasm.
Doors open at half-past 6, performance commence at 7.
Box-office open daily from 11 till 4.
Stage Manager—Mr. W. WEST.
Director of the Arena—M. Felix Rf-volti.

CANTERBURY HALL CONCERTS.-
EVERY EVENING,
A Grand Selection from
MARTHA.
And Selections from
DINORAH, TROVATORE, MACBETH,
And numerous other Entertainments.
Balcony, is Hall, 6d.
Comic Vocalists —Messrs. George Hodson (the Irish Come-
dian and Mimic), and C. Marshall.
The ETHIOPIANS, consisting of 17 performers (organised
expressly for this Establishment), for the performance of
Vocal and Instrumental Music, Comic and Sentimental, with
Negro delineations, anecdotes, &c., in addition to the usual
entertainments.
The Fine Arts Gallery is open from 5 till 11 on Sunday
Evening.

THE WEATHER.—SUN OFFICE, AUGUST 30, 11160.
THERMOMETER, IN THE SHADE.
69—highest since noon yesterday.
56—lowest this morning and during the night.
67—this day at noon.
BAROMETER-29.38 ; still falling.
WlND—Westerly; blowing a gale, with fine dry weather
It blew very strong yesterday afternoon.

HIGH WATER AT LONDON BRIDGE.
THis DAY.—Morning, lh. 24m.—Afternoon, lh. 42m,
To-Itop.Row.-Morning, 2h. Om.—Afternoon, 2h. 18m,

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THE SUN.
LONDON, THURSDAY, AUGUST 30, 1860.

The telegraphic summary of Count PERSIGNY'S
speech was so far complete, that our readers would
hardly thank us if we occupied a couple of columns
in giving it to them in extols° ; we shall only
therefore make such remarks as a second perusal of
it in this form suggest. It is a very clever speech ;
no doubt of that. If both master and servant
revised it carefully several times, it could not have
been better done, either in regard to omissions, bold
assertions, and plausible shadings and colourings.
Who, for instance, could have dreamed beforehand
of the bold appeal to the Bourdeaux programme,
" Empire c'est la paix." One would have thought
that that notoriously falsified declaration would not
have been raised from the dead, with whom it was
supposed to be numbered, for the purpose of prov-
ing that it had been living, at least in spirit,
through the two great wars of the second
Empire. M. PERSIGNY has the courage to do this
with the most pleasant and assured countenance. He
gives it to be sure a new definition ; that " When
the -EMPEROR uttered those grand words, he could
not pretend to the power of suppressing war
amongst the nations of the earth, or of introducing
to the world a new process for the pacific solution of
all the problems of European society. But the
serious signification of the programme is this, that
the new Empire, only accepting the succession of
the first under the conditions of an inventory, re-
pudiated the inheritance of strife and vengeance,
to enter for the future into relations of peace and
concord with all the Powers. This programme
has been faithfully followed." From such an
after-the-event interpretation of words intended to
convey so different a meaning before it, the speaker
easily enough showed that circumstances forced the
pence-loving Empire into war against its will.
We might, perhaps, be disposed to suggest to the
speaker—may not this lamblike, this olive-branch
Empire, yet again prove to have more in it of the
fox or the wolf than the lamb, and to prefer the
laurel to the olive-branch again ? But we are
told to be quite at ease in that respect, for " the
military role of France in Europe is finished," she
has established, outside of her, the state of
things which it was her mission to found ;
Russia cannot, now that Sebastopol is no
more, seize suddenly on Constantinople; nor
can Austria domineer again over Italy ;
therefore in Europe, the military work of France is
finished; whether it is finished elsewhere, this de-
ponent saith not. But it is clearly proved that the
Empire is peace, for it found two wars wanted ; it
made them ; they have done their work ; there is
no mere war wanted—and therefore the Quaker
Empire is now as truly pacific as our pugnacious
friend. JOHN BRIGHT himself.

One curious proof of this is really too good
to puss over. It was supposed till now
that France gave in in, the Crimean war,
for two very conspicuous reasons ; it was
exhausted ; while it saw England stronger
than ever. It had made a lucky hit at the cost of
England, by appropriating the glory of the
Malakoff while we had done the work—of another
campaign all the " glory" would be England's.
That would. not do ; glory, not completed work, was
quite enough for the exhausted Empire. A second
to be that Prance wanted
reason was sompereeived
to make a friend of Russia, and the price was—
giving up the war. So again of Italy, the terrors of
the Quadrangle were always supposed to have made,
so far as Lours NAPOLEON was concerned, the peace
of ViVafranca, lie himself added the unreasonable

distrust of Europe. No one at the time thought of
any other reason for falsifying his promise to expel
the Austrians from the Alps to the Adriatic. In

both cases, we are assured by M. PERSIGNY, we are

quite mistaken. The Crimean peace and the Ita-
lian peace came so soon—so unexpectedly that
most were taken by surprise--not for reasons men-
tioned or obvious at the time—but because the
Empire was peace! Reluctantly drawn into war,
no exhaustion of resources, no wish to deprive

England of the glory of finishing the work begun.
no fear of the four great fortresses—no, nothing

made peace but its being the genius of the Empire

How natural, then, for such an Empire to expect
hat all the States who now so foolishly distrust

France will s9.e her true character. She has merely

gained now the position to which she was always
entitled, Europe was altogether wrong while

France had no authoritative voice in her coun-
cils. She has this now--she needs no more

Let Europe be reassured. True, there is some
foolish talk about the Rhine, but a river in the
actual state of military science is no strategic boun-

dary. An invasion of England has also been the idle
romance of some few factious minds in that coun-

try. But there, the virtuous QUEEN and the leaders
of both parties appreciate such nonsense as it de-
serves, and the populations of both countries wish for
peace, and think of nothing else, England espe-
cially. What fear can there be that either of the
two countries could think of commencing a war,
which must prove so disastrous to both ? Ex-
cellent reasoning, Mr. PERsIGNY ! We only
want proof that the counsels of an EMPEROR
may not again, as in the Italian war, prevail
against the wishes of his own paople, and proof also
that some outrageous military exploit may not, be
soon again necessary—necessary to make civilians
forget their domestic slavery, in the Foreign laurels
gained by their army.
We are too likely perhaps to call to mind Savoy ;
—the origin of the last and lasting distrust generated
by Imperial duplicity. Duplicity ! Why M. PER-
STONY tells us, the affair was all frankness itself—
First, how justifiable was the principle of the act.
The Victor of Solferino had a right to expect the
results of the battle—the treaty—would be respected
by the Italians though they were no parties to them
—" If however, the first use that Italy makes of
her independence is to tear up the Treaty of Villa-
franca—that is to say, to reopen the entire question,
and expose us to a fresh war—France, after having
voluntarily paid the cost of the independence of
Italy, could not permit her generosity to be abused
to the extent of also paying for a great Italian
Kingdom. She had, then, the undeniable right to
say to Piedmont, that if the treaties were violated
on the other side of the Alps, she would demand
that they should also be modified on this side of
them." The old ludicrous nonsense of France hav-
ing cause to fear from Italian union and indepen-
dence ! M. PERSIGNY regrets that, at first, the
EMPEROR'S Government could not give publicity
to the arrangement—yet adds, that "if the
Government of the EMPEROR was not en-
abled to speak thus openly, it nevertheless
did not hide its intentions either from
the Sardinian or British Governments. Even before
the war it had advised Sardinia that, if events
should bring about a great Kingdom of Italy, we
should demand that the passes of the Alps shotild
not remain in the hands of that kingdom. And,
above all, nothing was concealed from the Govern-
ment of Great Britain. It is possible that it was
imagined that we might have been brought to re-
nounce Savoy, notwithstanding the violation of the
treaty of Villafranca. If such should be the case,
they have been deceived, and we have deceived no

one."

The plain fact is that so far was the thing hidden
from our Government, that it could hardly, after
the assurances it received, be brought to believe
it ; and, that from the day when all became plain
" Alliance with France has been no more
heard of, and Germany, politically, occupies with
our Government the former position of France.
As to the general tenor of M. PERSIGNY'S remarks
—they aim to persuade us that France wishes, now,
for the most peaceful relations with us and with
adjacent European countries—we quite believe it
Count PERSIGNY, is also, himself, notoriously, no.
one of the war party ; he personally prefers peace
ful counsels. He was the right man to put forwa
now. If he has dressed up a case for the
purpose, still the purpose is one lie sincerely
seeks—but at any hour he might be thrust aside
for a WALEWSKI and his Colonels ; and no one
knows that better than the speaker. We might
also tell him, if he did not know it, that all these
peaceful counsels, which be is authorised now to
promulge, follow on the present isolation
of his master. They are the peaceful counsels of
fear ! From Sicily to the Orkneys he has not, we
believe, one hearty friend. The Italians, whom,
undeniably, he has greatly served, he has yet also re-
minded so ungraciously of his services that he has
chilled the gratitude whieh might have besn a far
better defence than the Alps of Savoy. More
than that, he still intermeddles, most hatefully to
them, by maintaining on the throne of Rome one
of the most odious of their temp oral princes.
France can never be loved in Italy while she in-
sults her by a French army on the Tiber.

The passage in the Royal Speech relating to the
Chinese Expedition is sufficiently significant. '1 he
Commissioners—in this passage—content them-
selves with observing—" We are commanded by
her MAJESTY to inform you that her MAJESTY
greatly regrets that the pacific overtures which, by
her MAJESTY'S directions, her Envoy in China
made to the Imperial Government at Pekin, did not
lead to any satisfactory result, and it has, there-
fore, been necessary that the combined naval and
military forces which her MAJESTY and her ally
the Emperor of the FRENCH had sent to the China
Seas should advance towards the Northern Pro-
vinces of China, for the purpose of supporting the

just demands of the Allied Powers." The Commis-
sioners adding yet further —" Her MAJESTY,
desirous of giving all possible weight to her diplo-
matic action in this matter, has sent to China, as
special Ambassador for this service, the Earl of
ELGIN, who negotiated the Treaty of Tien-tsin,
the full and faithful execution of which is demanded
from the Emperor of CHINA." Than every word
of all which nothing could well be more calm, dig-
nified, or unimpassioned ! It is the majesty of a
great power, speaking simply and directly to the
purpose, with no momentary thought of empty
vapouring and vituperation. The " pacific over-
tures," our SOVEREIGN regrets, have not lead to
any satisfactory result." It has become, therefore,
necessary, her MAJESTY intimates, that her Royal
forces, together with the Imperial forces of her ally,
the reigning NAPOLEON, should—"advance towards
the northern provinces of China!" For what ?
Simply—"for the purpose of supporting the just de-
wands of the. Allied Powers!" . Contrast which tempe-
rate announcements with the extravagantly hyper-
bolical language of the Chinese proclamations—
charging the outer barbarians with the excess of
temerity and the extreme of insolence, and threat-
ening them in turn with an impending and inevi-
table doom, amounting to a penalty very little
short of absolute annihilation !

The reference to her MAJESTY'S ally, the