The Sun.
London, England, 1860-09-20 00:00:00

TILE NEW IRISH LAND ACT.

The Northern Whig of Tuesday publishes a com-
prehensive abstract of the Act for the settlement (it
is to be hoped for some time) of the Irish land diffi-
culty, one of the few measures which will make
memorable the rather barren session of 1860. It is
only just issued from the printer's, and it will come
into operation on Nov. 2 in the present year. In a
running comment upon its leading features the
Belfast paper observes

" The first point to which we desire to call
the attention of the tenantry of Ulster is the
fact that this is not a ' Tenant-right' Act, and
in so far it will disappoint popular expecta-
tion. It does not deal with the tenant-right prin-
ciple directly ; but it is, nevertheless, a valuable
measure to its extent, and one which Mr. Cardwell
is entitled to credit for having passed. Under pre-
sent circumstances, the Chief Secretary could not,
we believe, have carried a measure to legalize the
Ulster custom and settle the tenant-right question
on a proper basis. The temper of the late session
rendered such a project unattainable, and, con-
trary to public expectation and belief, we have
therefore no Tenant-right Bill whatever as the
result of the recent legislation on Irish land
tenure ; for the other Act that was passed—
the Attorney-General's—was merely one for pur-
poses of consolidation. The chief value of the present
measure is, that the principle that a tenant is en-
titled to compensation for the improvements he
effects is at last recognised by the law. Under its
provisions improvements can be made either by the
tenant or the landlord, under the control and sanc-
tion of a Chairman of Quarter Sessions or a Judge
of the Landed Estates Court, Compensation foil
the sums so expended is to be secured by an annuity
of 17 2s. per cent. for 25 years, commencing on the
date of the charging order made by the judge or
chairman when the improvements have been com-
pleted and certified. The second part of the act
has reference to leasing powers, and is very im-
portant. It gives the right to grant leases un-
der the different titles of agricultural leases for
terms not exceeding 21 years, improvement leases
not exceeding 41 years, and building leases not
exceeding 99 years (except in special cases), under
the conditions set forth in the 25th section of the
Act. The most interesting portion of the Act to
tenant farmers is that which deals with tenants'
improvements,—Part 3. Although the retrospec-
tive question is not touched, it is satisfactory to
find that henceforth a tenant is to be protected in
his interest in the soil created by his own labour
and outlay, and that he cannot be turned out of his
holding without being compensated for all the
money he has spent and the labour he has bestowed
in judiciously improving his landlord's property.
We notice with satisfaction the significant wording
of the last clause of the Act, which plainly refers
to the Ulster tenant-right, and expressly provides
that this Act shall in no way affect or prejudice
that custom."

HEALTH OF LONDON DURING VIZ

WEEK.

Return.)
irineekitghe week that
Th(eFrtoomtatilleßeg
deathsist ra;-1-2Gtenoenr
darosn
Were 992 ; in the previous
37th_ week of 1854 are ended last Saturday
week the number was 968. If the deaths from
cholerareintutrhnes of previous years it will bo
average number of deaths in the
with
floars t
ex-
cludedefep ui dnedm
thatin from t the
h e
ing
corrected was 1,030 ;
inwcereekase of popula-
tion, becomes 1,133. Hence it appears that the
deaths of last week were less
and weeks this °sr rvecerPangned,
by 166 than they
would have been if the average rate of mortality
bad prevailed. Ten deaths from small-pox occurred
last week. Measles was fatal in 36 cases; 36 per-
Bons died from
l scarlatina, and 4 from diphtheria:
DiarrhoeaDiarrhoeawas fat
ai in 60 eases I the average of cor-
respondingweeks n the last ten years (1850-59),
corrected for increase of population, is 116. One
death is refer
at 4, NEI referred to cholera ; a girl, aged 21 months,
gshead-court St. Luke's (15 hours). The
death of the wife ' ' 1
of a carpenter, aged 66 years, is
reported to have arisen from ~ exhaustion from
want of the necessaries of life." A labourer, aged
32 years, died from tetanus at St. George's Hos-
pital in consequence of injury to his fingers by
machinery. Four deaths occurred from burns and.
scalds ;of these, three were of children. Four
infants and one adult were suffocated in various
ways. •
Last week the births of 890 boys and 842 girls,
in all 1,732 children, were registered in London:
In the ten corresponding weeks of the years 1850-59
the average number was 1,536.
At the Royal Observatory, Greenwich, the mean
height of the barometer in the week was 29.140 in.
The barometrical readings rose to 30.25 in. on
Wednesday, the highest in the week, and fell to
29.395 in. on Saturday, the lowest in the week.
The mean temperature of the air in the week voll,
52.6 deg., which is 4.6 deg. below the average
...e.I.
the same week in 43 years (as determined by Is:I.:,-,
Glaisher). The highest point attained in the vv
vo'n''
by the thermometer in the shade was 67.2 cri. on
Thursday and Friday, the lowest was
31rature in
Wednesday. The entire range of te.TP_e_vcre was
the week was 31.5 deg. The mean
odf.iltlYera 5
b water of
21.7 deg. The mean temperatur.e.4ence between
the Thames was 59.1 deg. The alu'
and air tempera-
the mean dew-point temperature
degree of humidity
ture was 4.5 deg. The
meaanturation being repre-
of the air was 83, completeras
1 direction of the wind
rented by 100. The g e.
r eni
11 occasionally during the
was south-west. ita-n -e
week.

11.411 aster C ll
reported
rdoavta
Londonderry,
r r y
CANADA AND TIIE UNITED STATES.—LIVER.
`The Montreal Ocean Steamship Come
Pool., Sept. 19—
Pdearurp.'got on mma
-
,
off Seaf9rth, and was left
morning high and dry upon the
receding of the tide, but was got off again
about 1 o'clock,
sresvicroetivisisyteraemp
after Willi,' been lightened, and taken into the Canada
dock.