The Sun.
London, England, 1860-04-18 00:00:00

PUBLIC BUSINBSS.

In reply to Hon. MEl\intats, " -
Lord; PALMERSTON said, that it was proposed to
proceed with the New Lunacy Bill on. Thursday and
the Reform Bill on Monday, and that -Government
business, according to the- resolution of the house, would be,
taken on ThurSdays instead of Fridays, but that-the former
day.would he atthadiSpogal of private members. ,
LONDON CORPOB,ATION BILL. .

....,______. _ . • ,
The .second reading' a this till was postponed till.this
day week.. .. ,
ADULTERATION 01? FOOD-AND DRINK BILL.
This bill was read p. third time and passed.,
- COUNTY PRISONS (IRELAND) BILL.
This bill wass-read a second time. ,
COMMON LODGING-ROUSES (IRELAND) BILL.
This bill was read a second time.
. . .-) - -. -SUPPLY.
The report of: the committee on supply, was brought-up
and an-reed to. -

The hOu.se adjourned at quarter-past five

TILE FIGIIT.FOR.7I4-611-AIthIONSHIP.:

The following is a more extended account than

we were enabledta giVe in The Sun of yesterday :
—Time was when the Championship of England
was. an office which conferred honour On the
highest, when " Marmion,, Lord of Scrivelhaye, of
Tamworth tower and town," held a grant of the
• lands of" the Abbey of Pales worth. on condition of
doing battle in single combat against all knightly
enemies of his King.' The fashion of this 'office;
hOwever,- has passed away with the days of
.chivalry, and lance and battle-axe have been laid
aside to become mere things of show and no more
used by men. The Dymocks are still extant, but
the modern Champions of England know them not,
- and the pageant warrior 'who threw down the
gauntlet to setae hundred ladies and gentlemen in
Court dress at a coronation has been succeeded. by
a race of brawny and muscular fellows, men who
"mean fighting, and nothing but it," and who vie
with.the athlete of.old in their rigidity of training
and immense powers of endurance. At first there
. was no lack of loyal patronage for the new race
of champions-; Broughton's last, prize fight he
was backed by the- Duke of .Cumberland, who
almost acted as his second, and feW great battles
took place at, which one or more of the sons of
George 111. were not present. Sir Thomas Apreece
nearly always seconded Gully, until that chainpion
retired from the ring, -and having. realised a large
fortune, sat, in the 'House of Commons as' member
for Pontefract. In those days a noted bruiser was
thought good compa-ny for any man, and we hear
almost without surprise how, about 40 years ago,
Lord Camelford " assisted " Belcher when he fought
Bourke in the churchyard of St.
_Georp's,. Hanover-
square, in the presente-of some 10;000 spectators.
'l'-hose were the " good old days," the "palmy
day-s"-of the pibg: abcint Which the sporting journals
are, always so pathetic as having gone by,—we are.
glad to say, never to return. He would be a bold
peer indeed; who would have seconded Sayers yes-
terday' as ' Lord `Deerhurst used to second
Spring; and what- would . be said now of a
cathedral town offering, as of old, £5OO to the
conibatants to boat themselves almost to death
within .its reverend 'precincts P The new Police
Act has been the death of pugilisin. Its greatest
professors now • lead a 'hole-and-corner life while
training, or issue forth their challenges in mysteri-
ous terms: From this rapid' downfall it has been
just now for a: time arrested by the first attempt to
carry off the Champion's belt into another country,
—and,•of cenirse, that country was America. There
is no disguising the fact that this challenge has led
to an amount of attention being beStowed upon the
prize ring which it has nexer received before; and,
much as all decent people''Valiked the idea of two
fine men meeting to beat each other half to death,
it was nevertheless devoutly wished that, as some-
body was to-be beaten, it might be the American.
There A.no doubt that Sayers had the good wishes
of nine-tenths of the community. There seethed
something almost patriotic in its way for a man of
his lightmeight to encounter a. brawny giant, who
describes himself as
,being "half horse, haltalliga- •
tor, and a. bit of the -snapping turtle," and who, in
addition to all these qualities, has prayed himSelfto
be as clever and formidable a prize-fighter as ever
entered the,rine% We. need scarcely enter on any
recapitulation of the events which led to this match,
all of which may be summed up in the few words,
that Sayers ;holds the belt" 'as the Champion of
England; and in virtue Of his office, while he retains
it, is bohnd for three years to accept all challenges,
no matter from whom. This challenge accordintaly
came from America on Heenan's part, and, in spite
of the immense natural advantages Of his challen-
ger, Sayers was bound to accept it. All relating to
the day and place fixed for the match was, of
course, kept a profound secret, as the police, to do
them justice, left no means untried to prevent its
taking place. Nevertheless, in spite of all precau-
tions, taspecial•train was' hired, which started from
London-bridge at 4- a,m, yesterday morning. The
train was one of immense length, containing some
thousand persons, all of what are called the upper
classes, though each" person was muffled up to the
eyes in shawls and wrappers, so that it was hard
to say whether your compagnon de voyage was ,
or was not tire redoubtable !Sayers or Heenan him-
mounted patrols, at regular distances r but the
police were posted, with
self. All along the line
train turned off at Reigate, and after a long run
came out in the Farnborough station, close to
Aldershott. In an instant after, all were out in the
fields, following the men with the ropes and stakes,
who led the way across what turned out to be a most
difficult piece of country. There seemed a constant
successionssed es
and ditches, which were
ro
umoreblelaeg
less successfully, until a
odrrather narrow stream, or very broad muddy ditch
(the Blackwater), which divides Surrey from cat ofla sdto
Hamp-
shire, brought all to a full stop. A few venture-
some spirits essayed to leap this, but their success
was not such as to encourage others, inasmuch as
most contrived to light in the very middle of the
'water, and those who did gain the opposite bank
had.only to jump back for their pains, as 'the ring
was formed on thellampshire side after all.

The instant the enclosure of ropesaTi4 stakes, 24
feet square, was formed, Sayers stepped into- it, and
was cheered tremendously. Heenan, who followed,
was greeted in-the same manlier, and the two men,
who there for the first time met, warmly shook
hands, and then stepped back to take a long and
careful survey each of the other. ,There was a toss
for' corners, which Heenan won, and chose that in
which he would have the highest ground, and with
his back to the sum, leaving Sayers the spot where
the glare was full in his face. Umpires for each
man were appointed, and a referee for both, and
these preliminaries over Heenan proceeded to strip
to his waist. It seemed impossible to restrain a
murmur of admiration at the appearance which he
then presented. In height he is about six feet two,
with extraordinary long arms, deep chest, and wide
and powerful shoulders. His appearance yesterday
was truly formidable. Exercise and long training
had developed the immerse muscles of his arms
and .shoulders till they ..appeared like masses of
bone beneath the thin covering of .skin. There
seemed not an ounce of superfluous flesh. His ribs -
showed like those of a greyhound, save where they
were crossed by powerful thews and simews, and -
he threw up his long sinewy arms and inflated his
huge chest. with the morning air he looked the most
formidable of the tribe of gladiators who have ever
entered the arena. - Every movement showed the
sinews and muscles Working like-lithe machinery
beneath their thin fine covering, and every gesture
Was made with that natural grace and freedom
which always seem to belong to the highest develop.
ment of physical power. Sayers looked at him long
and earnestly, and as One Who saw in his every
movement a dangerous customer, and he too stripped
in turn. The contrast between the men was then
still more marked than before. Sayers is only about
five feet eight ; his -chest 'is not broad, nor are his
arms powerful, and it is only in the strong muscles
of the shoulders that one sees anything to account
for his tremendous powers of hitting. Sayers, too,
looked hard as flint, but his deficienciet in regard to
his 'antagonist in height, Weight, and strength, and
above all, length of arm, made it almost a matter of
surprise -how he could hope to contest with him at
all. When to these disadvantages are added the
superior height of the ground on which Heenan
stood, and the light of the sun. fill in 5:.,3-cre eyes,
it will he seen how tremendous were the obstacles
with which he had to contend. As-far as training
went,however,
,the utmost had been done for both,
and it would not be..a . lost .leSson if some. of -our
young volunteers imitated, the boxers in these re-
spects. Their whole system of training may be
summed up in two or three words—moderation in

. .
ating and' drinking, •exercise; and constant)ifse of.
- : c sponge bath and rough towels. With these, aids
ny man can train ; without them he can do
• othing. Heenan's skin yesterday was, as wehavc
aid,. fall,' and ' white asimarble-Sayers's as: dark as
hat of a- mulatto. ; and the ."fancy' leant strongly.
o the opinion that the fernier was too delic,4e,
nd would bruise too much—and this was tine:
s the men stripped the spectators sat down eq..'
t idc the ropes, about six feet diStant, in, an outer
- ' ing, in which were gatlenien of 'all ranks; —meni-
ers of 'both Houses in -plen:ty. AUthors; poets.:
painters, soldiers, apq: even clergymen were present. -
There was antinute's pane atter the final shaking
adds, Whert:the seconds retired and left, the ant,:-
onistsi face to fano at last. Both instantly- put
Iternselves into position—tire right. hand held c_ lose
' cross the body, the: left advanced at length, and
ept moving gently out as if to feel its way. The
mmense difference between:the . height, *eight,
trength, and length of arm of the men was now
ore than ever manifest, 'and the disadvantages
rider which Sayers,laboured aiVeared to many to
e too much for, him. Thu sun shone bright a-nd'•
tl,ull in_his face, so -as almost to blind him.; yet
Sayers seetned cool and confident, and smiled cosily,
:as ho ventured in reach of that tretteridOus mus--
4.lar arm. Both seemed very cautious: ,-,The feints -
NVere quick and constant, and as each avoided the
other with more or less agility neither could help
laughing At last Sayers caught a slight blow. on
the mouth, which he returned heavily, drawing
first blood,frotn Keenan, amid shouts of congratu• it,
lation. Both seemed still more cautious, and'after
much sparring and warding off an intended blow
tiith the speed of thought, both stopped and looked
each other with hands down. After.a little rest,
ey again sparred and closed, when Sayers gave
his adversary-some heavy body blows, and got down
easily.

i Each men was inst7.7tly c"- '
Who carefully sponged his body and face, and rinced
Mit his mouth with a little cold water: Again they.
advanced. Each seemed then to know his antago7
nist better; the sparring was quicker, and the huge
muscular arm of Heenan went backwards and for-
wards with immense rapidity. • Three.times he hit
at Sayers, but out of distance,_and apparently as if
to put the Champion off his guard ; at last he darted'
forward like lightning, and dealt Sayers a blow in
the mouth which sent him reeling. Tom, however,
as if to show how little he cared for it, at once ven-
tured close to his "'Ugh antagonist—too Close as it
proved, tor the long Arm of Heenan was :shot out
like a dart, and with a heavy blow on. his fore-
head Tom was knocked almost into his own corner.
There were gieat cheers at this, .and though Heenan
seemed very pleased, Sayers took it as a matter of
course, and went back to his corner, apparently
unconcerned: Here heewas sponged for a ininiite,
and:returned:with &deep red lump across his fore-
head, and his mouth, slightly disfigured, though
with far less punishment in appearance than could
have been expected, owing to his skill in jumping.
back ere the blow :reached, and thus weakening
half its force. He was smiling, and eeemed'quite_
at ease as he again approached the American in his
own corner, Who was very careful. not to 'leave it,
in order to keep Sayers with the glare of the surrin
his face. This seemed to perplex Sayers much, and
he again presented an opening, of which the tenicii
Bicry instantly availed himself, and with one blow
dashed Sayers to the ground: Again there were
tremendous cheers for Heenan, and ironical con-
gratulations to the Champion in the.young novice
he had met with. Those who had backed Sayers
seemed rather depressed ; the betting gradually
became even, Heenan being almost as much in
favour as the Champion. There were loud cries .of
." Tithe," at which Heenan advanced • to the centre
of the ring, and waited for Sayers, retiring as the
latter advanced, till the American again had the
benefit of the higher ground and the sun-in Tom's
eyes. Sayers now found it was useless attempting
outfighting with a man of such enormous strength
and length of Arm as the American, he therefore
tried to dash in and got a slight blow at Heenan,
who returned it.with a very heavy one, which sent
Tom staggering back, and after some further ex-
Changes, all in favaur of the powerful young
American, Sayers got clown. -
Again the men were attended to, and again Sayers
came forth, much marked and with a heavy cut over
his e 3 ebrow, to cope With Heenan in his own Corner.
This time the sparring was so long and cautious
that at last both men put down their hands and
laughed..: Again they began, and after a few feints

Ileenan dashed out ills le-ft-and for the fourth time
fairly struck Sayers to the ground with a very heavy
blow. The effect of these
.repeated blows seemed
almost greater on the spectators 'than on Sayers.
The latter tried to treat them lightly, but arohud
the -ring a very different opinion was:entertained,
and _Heenan was backed' to win, and was cheered
and encouraged to *the utmost. Both men were
duly wiped down, and Sayers's head and face, which
were now smeared with .blood and heavily bruised
and bumped, was held close pressed between cold
sponges to keep down the contusions, which had
now altered-his deep sallow hue.
Shouts now went round the ring that Sayers had
virtually already lost, and indeed the punishment
he had received was so much more severe than that
bestowed upon his tall, wiry antagonist, who seemed
always smiling and always fresh, that matters
really began to look serious for the Champion, and
almost to warrant the belief that " the belt was
going to Troy." Apparently roused by these shouts
to stronger efforts, Say ers came on again, and,
watehinm his man, cautiously, stepped back from a
dreadful blow aimed at him, sprang in before the
American could recover himself, and gave Heenan
a terrific smash full in the eye, splitting up the
cheek and sending his huge-antagonist reeling like
a drunken man back into his corner. The effect of
this blow. was so tremendous that even before half
a minute had elapsed Heenan could scarcely be
recogniZed as the same man, so swollen; disfigured,
and blood-stained were his features. `There were
loud cheers for Sayers, who went up to Ileenan's
corner and peered into his face with a curious, half-
puzzled expression, as if he too was astounded by
the effects of his handiwork. Sayers now let
no time slip, but catching a most formidable blow
of Heenan 's on his right arm, again' dashed' in,
and gave in return a still worse blow to the
American, following it up with another, which
seemed to smash his nose, and almost knocked
Heenan off his legs in turn, so that he required the
most careful attention from his seconds to make
him fit for the next round.

The betting now changed again, and if Sayers
was not a decided favourite, there at 'least seemed
nothing to choose between the two.. All the
rounds had been Mug and cautiously fought,
but the hitting had been dreadful, and both
men began to show signs of fatigue, and after
long sparring, in the seventh encounter, both paused,
rested, and at last retired to rince out their mouths,
which were very bloody, with water. As they
came up again Sayers at once dashed in and gave
another terrific blow to Heenan, which sent the
blood pouring down over his broad chest, and
seemed to make his huge form tremble like a child's.
Heenan paused for a moment and then darted in,
but Sayers got under his guard, closed, and aftei
giving him some heavy body blows, both fell,
Sayers under.
It had been noticed in the last two rounds that
Sayers made not the least use of his right hand,
with which in allhis previous contests he had ad mini-7
stored such terrific punishment that a full blow
from it may be said to decide the fate of a battle.
The reason of this was, now painfully apparent on
his again stepping into the ring. In stopping one of
Heenan's tremendous blows it is supposed that one
of the bones of his right arm was broken, Certain
it is that the limb was 4ightfully swollen, and so
powerless that he could only manage to support it
across his chest. From this time, therefore, Sayers
foUght the rest of the battle with his left hand, only
seeking every opportunity to ease the evident pain of
the injured limb by opening the hand and resting
it on his chest or. ribs.- He, however, advanced
smiling, as did also Heenan, though the features of
the latter were so distorted that it was hard to say
what he was doing. Sayers, notwithstanding the
loss of his right 'arm, still pushed in, and gave the
Ameritan. another fearful' blow, which sent him
staggering hack to have the-blood wiped from his
gashed features, while Sayers as usual pried in with
a curious- look to 'see what mischief be had dune.
The blow, however, though dreadful to look at,
seemed to have no effect on the gaunt iron frame of
the American, who was quickly out, and after
some slight -sparring again launched forth his
powerful -arm, and striking Sayers on the nose
with a blow that was heard all oVer the meadow,
he felled him like an ox. This round lasted -13
minutes, and the men seemed so distressed at
its close that each had to he carried to his corner.
The seconds had much to do with sponging their
faces and washing •ever the monks of ',awe wounds,
though some of Heenan's seemed too deep to be
meddled with in this way. Time was loudly called
by the umpires, and the American instantly rose ;
Sayess: was much longer coining up, thonghs he
seemed almost fresher of the two, but not nearly so
strong. As soon as Sayers was in reach Heenan
gave him a heavy blow over the eye, and almost

immediittly after{ a _still_ miire fierce 'one on the
mouth,and nose; which now in pooF
.Sayers scented
a,'lktiliindelb:l°o;:aheil:.Ce4xeshiliartylidgyetsodncelleit:s7ia)eal rleeitihwetaops.rssOlpfititiiitt'ihtellhaibrsr!ongd--
pleas Ant species orbditer' being on the sidnef the
from his mouth, and' wi:xsi,laurbecl at by' some of
Heenan's supporters. -Art impru;.lent.ebnliti3n; in..
• • A . ••• C' • •
Is oeyers ;seemed stung
:by, roe taunts-of
lhe Aturle, all S, and ag.ain sprin4ing in, 11-riee Hee-
Ilan a blow which se`nt MM'fotlerii:g• ba(l'"fellow.
itrg 3t upiwitli another (I- an ot,11(,1., anti-a fourth.
trmendoits,!one
tin the. mouth. ILenap spemed
staggered, by these fearful visitations, and rceled
like a drunken man, leaving himself so unguarded
that if Savers had had the use of his right arm the
•ti ht would have ended. there and then. As it was,
trust, himself', in the drip
ohfo.aNsnreavieirt,a:
;.oariyie:s dared
tsoimni not(2 _TWeight;.strength, and length of arm, and:lie i ou d
only follow up his advantage by giving another
heavy blow with his left in the mouth, and a most
tremendous smash into the American's ribs, which
sounded :all over the meadow as if a box, had been
smashed in. In a minute after, however, Heenan
came up trying to laugh, but only to receive a still
worse blow in : the face, which covered him with
blood, and sent -.Sayers himself reeling back from
the force of his own. blow. There was. d.shOrt
panse,'during which Tom, as usual, scanned curi-
ously the dreadful effect of hiS -hitting., and both
went at it again, each exchanging heavy blows
dill both were covered with blood---esvoijalxkthe
Benicia Boy, who in the end rallied and hit' out
fiercely, knocking Sayers down with an awful
smash. The powerlessness of Sayer's right arm was
more than ever manifest in this round, which lasted
nearly 20 minutes. He seemed unable even to move
it from his side, and it was fortunate indeed for
him that Heenan himself makes very little use of
his rikiit. Both ineu now seemed much distressed,
and Heenan presented an awful sight.: His face
was gashed with apparentlyvery deep flesh wounds,
and the whole of the right side of his face, eye,
nose, and:mouth was simply one huge blue lump.
Sayers, too, was badly punished about the mouth,
but his facennd head, though bloody, swollen, and
mueh discoloured,,were almost natural when com-
pared with thoSe of his antagoniSt. Both were very
slow to the call of tithe. The Benicia Boy was first
out. Sayers then,came out, and Heenan at once,
bringing his gaunt muscular left into Play, reached
over Tom's guard -like lightning, and knocked him
down with a tremendous blow. Again Sayers was
out, though weak, And Heenan rushed to force the
fighting ; each hit the other hard, and after a slight
struggle Sayers got down, laughing. Another
round followed with much the same result as to
hitting, but in the close Heenan lifted Sayers from
the ground with ease and flung him down heavily.
Sayers was evidently distressed, and, had not the:
least chance in elosingwith his. powerful antagonist.
Again there was a'little struggle, and Sayers at last
got a.heavy blow on Heenan's left eye, the only one
with Which he could noW see, receiving in:return a
blow in .the chest, when he,managed to-get down:
Both were very slow in coming. up again, and
Sayers'being dodged round as usual, with his face
to the sun; seethed. dazzled ; again the terrific long
arm of the Benicia Boy came in, and Sayers was.
knocked down. and apparently half stunned. lie
required much care from his seconds before he came
up again, though when he did so it at once seemed
to revive all his vigour, for he made straight at
Heenan and dealt him a blow in the face that was
heard all over the field. his antagonist seemed
nothing loth to close for all this, and gave Sayers
almost as bad a blow in return, till they both closed,
when Sayers had all the best of it, and, for the first
and only time, threw Heenan heavily.
In a minute both, though distressed, were at it
again, and Heenan, with a fearful blow, knocked
Sayers half across the ring. Another round ended,
after a few exchanges, with the same result, except
that Sayers:was even harder hit, and seemed quite
stunned.

Strange to says after these tremendous rounds
Sayers still-came:Up fresh, and Showed.not half the
awful marks.of punishment visible all over Heenan,
who was now a disgusting objet. His left hand
was much swollen and puffy; end his-left eye was
fast threatening to close as irremediably-as his right
had darn long before. His friends shouted to him
froM all parts of the ring to go in and finish SaYcis
by closing with him, as the latter could now only
Use one hand; but Heenan in turn was getting cau-
tious, and did not seem to like tho look of running
into Sa,yers, who, always cool and wary, never now
threw a chance away. Several rounds *ere fought
after this with success more or less varying, each
taking giving heavy blows, and wit Ling his
bettered face into such 'contortions no might pas
'for smiles. In nil the cioszs Ilecuan's immense
strength prevailed, and he threw the Champion
easily till. in both the 21st and
.224 rOunds- Sayers
was knocked off his legs. Still he came ep gaily,'
though -Carefully, and generally managed in most
of the struggles to give one or more of his heaviest
blows on Heenan's left eye, which was now almost
gone like the other; The scene gradually became
one of the most intense and brutal excitement.
There. were shouts to Heenan to keen his antagonist
in the sun—s-to close with him and smash him, as he
had only one arm, while the friends of Sayers called
to him to take,his time, as the American was fast
blinding and must give in. The bets 'were even on
both men, and then again varied with every round.
-When-Sayers was knocked down almost senseless
under a tremendous blow there" were cheers from
the Americans fill -the fields echoed again; which
were retorted by the English whenever their
Champion sent his huge opponent reeling back from
the tremendous blows which were always dealt on
the eyes. At this time several policemen came
upon the scene, and didtheir best to force their way
into the ring ; but the crowd, which now amounted
to some 3,000, kept them back by rushing on the
ropes, shouting and cheering the combatants to the
utmost. During all this the men fought on with
varying success, the heavy "thuds" upon the face
of one or the other being clear above all the din.
Sayers seemed getting weaker each time he was
knocked off his legs, and Heenan more and more
blind. It appeared all a chance whether the Eng-
lish Champion would be struck senseless or Heenan
remain sightless, and at his mercy. Sayers now
tried getting away, and leading his opponent round
the ring, In one of these runs he got a heavy blow
on tho neck, which enabled his antagonist to over-
take him, when they closed, and Sayers fell, Heenan
striking him a heavy blow on the head while on
the ground. An appeal of foul play was made, but
it was overruled, as the blow was supposed to be
struck in the heat of fighting, and Heenan, it was
truly said, could scarcely see whether his antagonist
Was up or down. The fighting was still very quick, '
Heenan alinost as strong as ever, and, although ap-
parently much distressed, trying to got it over-
before he quite lost his sight. in the 38th round
Heenan got Sayers's head under his left arm, and,
supporting himself by the stake with his right,
held his opponent bent down, as if he meant to
strangle him. Sayers could no more free himself
than if a mountain was on him. At last he got his
left arm free, and gave Heenan two dreadful blows
on the face, covering them both with the blood, but
Heenan, without relaxing his hold, turned "himself
so as to get his antagonist's neck over the rope, and
then leant on it with all his force. Sayers rapidly
turned black in the face, and would have been
strangled on the spot but that the rules of the ring
provide for what would otherwise be fatal contin-
gencies, and both the umpires called simultaneously
to cut the ropes. This was done at once,
.and
both men' fell heavily to the ground, 'Sayers
nearly half strangled. The police now made a
determined effort to interfere, which those present
seemed. equally determined, to prevent, and the ropes
of the ring having been cut the enclosure itself
was inundated by a dense crowd, which scarcely
left the combatants six square feet to fight in.
Umpires, • referees, find all were overwhelmed,
and the whole. thing became a mere close
mob round the two men fighting. After this four
other rounds were fought, in the midst of this dense
mass of partisans of either side, who, however,
allowed the mot to fight in the fairest way they
could, consistent with their having hardly any
room to fight at all. This, however, was, on the
whole, unfair to Sayers, whose only chance now lay
in avoiding the tremendous blows of his antagonist,
against whom he contended with only one hand,
and who, though now as Wind as a bat, was still
possessed of nearly all his immense strength, and, to
a little man like Sayers, very nearly as formidable
as Sever. In these rounds sometimes Sayers got
awful blows upon the head and body, and sometimes
lie managed to give in return his tremendous lunges
full in the disfigured face of his antagonist. At
ono time caps Were thrown up, and cheers giiren for
Heenan as having won, when he knocked down
Sayer:; who would spring. to his feet. and give the
American such staggering blows that he in return
was hailed as the conqueror. At length the police
forced their way to where they were fighting, in
space not much larger than an ordinary dining-
' table, and the .referee,Ordered them at once to dis-
continue. To do them justice, both seemed very
willing to leave off, and Heenan was so blind that
in the last round he could not see Sayers, but hit

'' - • •' - ---- lit •ansuirpecting second a tremenduA, IoA n the
face, is knocked him" lead u+er heels.' .130th
Anen then left what !had' ken thy 7 ru3g, Sayers, I
tbow-h much blown and elistreSsedvw, alking firmly
iP• - • •• • • - • , •,,
am coolly away, With both his eyet:Open and clear.
is right atm, however, was helpless, his mouth
Al lel:nose were dreadfully beaten, and the side of his ,
1 attan d.forehead much punished.'..: Pecc:nan was al-
' ost unrecognizable as a human being. so dreadful
N 4.plils punishment ago it the face and neck. ' Yet
WaS still as strong on his legs, apparently, as
ever, thanks to his perfecttraining, and, after leav- -
ing the-fiold-of-battle, he ran as nimbly- as any of-
ne spectators and leaped over two small hedges.
This, however, was a final effort, and he almost, in-
stantl3-;llfter Neat& so -utterly blind that ho was
Obliged to he lcd by the hand to,the train
I low the fight-wduld have terminated but for the
interfrrenee of the police it is now literally quite
iinpes•sible tovy or ,eVen rpceulate. At any moment
'S,yets inight hae.got' a blow Which would have
f. 4 ruck him 'almost senseless, while if Heenan could

'aVe alOkd with -him the Charopion's chance NC-011kt
1 five bc'cri, pcirliapQ, a poorone. On the other hand
vers.
.was carefully avoiding this, and lienari's
bight was so far gene that in two or three minutes
more hr would have Jain at the mercy of a child.
As mptters now stand the fight is adjourned sine.
coi(nliQ:;fi ta:ti
aid)
cal
jtti:Sels3.l-tnehir;s,iic.rvu!cPtsli:o,s'nuei7i
with
ntri I leftsnuschhi soau°
flndocrlmo: ati4Nd-acal'inel, astonish
an-
tagonist, and that ilcenan should have borne his
,terrific punishment without his strength`or courage
to fight giving way.

TIL' NAVY

DUI?ING TIZE LAST

.71VIVIDRED YEARS.

A return moved for by Mr. Horsman hits-been :
published, from which some interesting* facts may
be gleaned as to the increase and decrease of the
naval estimates and naval strength of thiS country k
ebilitieitittlast 103 years,. The.,retnrn comprehends .
the periods between 1750 'and 180, dilAngifehieh
time we were engaged in no less than 13 wars,—
viz., four with France, three with Spain, two with
America, one with Holland, two with China, and
one with Russia—and spent in naval estimates a
collective sum of £795,497,113 10s, 7d., or a larger
amount than is at present represented by the
national debt. While the strength of the navy in
men is not much above 5,000 more than it
was in 1756, the estimates of the two .periods
are , very different, . the estimates for 1756
being £3,349,021 35., and for 1859.60 £9,878,859.
We merely point out this vast discmpancy,
as we are at the same time well aware that
the increased expenditure in the present day
for wear and tear by machinery, coals, superior ar-
maments and superior vessels is absolutely neces-
sary.. In. the 'year 1756 the total number of men
borne was 52,809, and the estimated expense
£3,349,021 3s. For the next seven years, in con-
sequence of the war with France; we find a vast in-
crease in the number of seamen, insomuch that in
1762 the number borne was 84,797, and the esti-
mates for the navy £5,944,251 12s. 9d; Peace
being proclaimed in 1764, this' vast mass of men
was reduced to 20,603, and the navy estimates fell •
in like proportion to £2,094,800 91.3•1., these num-
bers being further reduced in
.1765, to 15,511. men, •
'acid X 1,526,357 Os. lid. This ,is the lowest point
eV, er reached 'in our naval estimates. On the
breaking out of war with America in July, 1774,
they again rosy to the sum of £2,104,917 4s. 3d.,
and gradually increased
,up.to the conclusion of the
War to £8,963,285 12s, 54., with an increase of
105,443 men. During this period, however, it must
not beiforgotten that 'the country was involved at
. . .
the same time in a struggle with France, Spain,
Holland, and America. In 1782 on the recognition
of American independence, and in 1783, on the
conclusion of peace with Spain, France, and Hol-
land, the estimates again fell, and contined to fluc-
tuate between £2,000,000 and £3,000,000 sterling,
with an average of about 25,000 men borne. The
war of the French Revolution breaking out pro-
duced the ordinary effects, and the estimates rose
tts the funds fell. In 1793, when war was de-
clared, the number of men borne was 59,042,
and the estimates 'X3,971,915 ss. 10d ; in
the next year they increased to £5,525,331
fts. 3d., with an increased list of :83,891
men borne on the books: Stride by stride they ad--
vanced_until in 1801 they rose to the enormous:sum
or £16,857,037 Os. 2d., when the number of seamen
and marines was 131,959. On the conclusion of
the peace- of Amiens they again, for a short time,
fell ; but the stirring events of the period, the Un-.
settled condition e(Europe, . and the want of con-
fidence in France precluded them from finding a
peace level, and, although there v.-as a decrease of
niora than £6,000,000, yet they still remained
£6,000,000 above the estimates of 1793,, when the
scar commenced. Then ensued the great war with
?prance from 1803 to 1815, when the naval expenses
and naval strength of the country advanced with
gigantic strides, so that for four years—viz., the
yearA 1S I 1-12-13-14, they were always over
L 20,000,009, an'd in the lattpr year reached the
cpormous stun of X 23,504,070 ,1 s. 11 d., with a force
4120,414 men, which force, however, was not equal
ti, that 1'4'1913, when our shlps",nere manrcd by no
fewer than 147,047 men. Down went these esti-
mates again on the conclusion of the peace, and con-
tinued in that condition up to the pet year of the
non-alarmists, who believe in the good intentions of
e -cry country but their own, when they were only
4,434,783, and provided for only 26,041 men. •
Tom that time they have progressively increased
up to our own days. The Chinese war of 1840
seems to be guilty of this increase ; for _although
peace was concluded in 1842-3, the naval esti-
Mates only temporarily declined to rise again with
fresh vigour and culminate in the year 1856-57,
when this country was at war with Russia. Ja
that year they reached the sum of £16,568,614,
and maintained a force of 60,659 seamen and marines.
They again fell on the conclusion of peace to more
than L 6,000,000, and in the year 1858-59 were
£9,878,859, of which but a comparatively small por- ,
tion was expended on the pay and maintenance of
58,380 men. 'What effect the present Chinese en-
tanglement will have upon them we must leave to
the judgment of our readers. .

tooll

'v'

BENSON'S WATCHES.
" Perfection of mechanism."--Morning Post.

will thenceforth be treasured amongst her archives
as the last greeting to her from one of the most
illustrious of her sous. Meanwhile we have already,
while awaiting in uncertainty this anticipated
Oration of Lord BROUGIIAM upon the occasion of
his installation as Chancellor, we have already the
satisfaction of conning the eloquent and elaborated
harangue of a Rector who, whether regarded as
orator or as legislator, is not at all unworthy of that

Gold;
Silver 2to 50 guineas.
Send 2 stamps for Benson's Illustrated Pamphlet, descrip-
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India and the Colonies for ss. extra.
$3 and 34, Ludgate-hill, London, E.C. Established 1749.

THEATRE-ROYAL, HAYMARKET.
Lessee, Mr. J. B. Blackstone.
THIS EVENING, will be performed THE OVERLAND
ROUTE. Messrs. C. Mathews, Buokstone, Compton Chip-
pendale, Mrs. C. Mathews, Miss Weekes, and Mrs. Wilkins.
After which, a new fairy romance, THE PILGRIM OF
LOVE.
And THE BOARDING SCHOOL.

companionship.
At the commencement of his noble inaugural ad•
dress on Monday, Mr. GLADSTONE observed with
with perfect truth that it might be said in reference
to whomsoever might be nominated by the Edin-
burgh University to the dignified and responsible
position to which he had the gratification of find-
ing himself elevated:—" It is fitting that he should
speak to you on such an occasion of that which
unites us together—namely, the work of
the University, as a great organ of pre-
paration for after life; and that, in treating of
what constitutes the great bond between us, he
should desire and endeavour to assist in arming
you, as far as he may, for the efforts and trials of
your career." He observed thereupon, moreover,
how "Subject to certain cycles of partial revolution,
it is true that, as in the material so in the moral
world, every generation of man is a labourer for
that which succeeds it, and makes an addition to
that great sum total of achieved results which may,
in commercial phrase, be called the capital of the
race." A fragment of mercantile phraseology not
wholly inappropriate from the lips of a Chancellor of
the Exchequer ! But Mr. GLADSTONE continued, " Of
all the conditions of existence in which man differs
from the brutes there is not one of greater moment
than this, that each one of them commences life as
if he were the first of a species, whereas man in-
herits largely from those who have gone before.
How largely," said the right hon. gentleman,
" none of ns can say ; but my belief is that, as
years gather more and more upon you, you will
estimate more and more highly your debt to pre-
ceding ages." It was subsequently to the utter-
ance of these and several kindred reflections,
that the newly installed Rector of the University
of Edinburgh enunciated some of those loftier and
more impressive truths, to which we have made
allusion at the commencement of these observa-
tions. As when he remarked, " The progress of
mankind is, upon the whole, a chequered and an
intercepted progress ; and even where it is full-
formed, still, just as in the individual youth has
charms that maturity under an inexorable law must
lose, so the earlier ages of the world ever con-
tinue to delight and instruct us by beau-
ties that are exclusively or peculiarly their
own." Adding—" It would seem as though this
progress (and here is a chastening and a hum-
bling thought) were a progress of mankind and
not of the individual man, for it seems to be quite
clear that, whatever be the comparative greatness
of the race now and in its infant or early stages,
what may be called the normal specimens, so far
as they have been made known to us either through
external form or through the works of the intellect,
have tended rather to dwindle, or at least to dimi-
nish, than to grow in the highest elements of
greatness. But," observed Mr. GLADSTONE, " the
exceptions at which these remarks have glanced
neither destroy nor materially weaken the profound
moment of the broad and universal canon, that
every generation of men, as they traverse the vale
of life, are bound to accumulate, and in divers
manners do accumulate, new treasures for the
race, and leave the world richer on their
departure, for the advantage of their descend-
ants, than, on their entrance, they themselves
had found it." As to the mental portion of this
accumulated and accumulating treasure, that, he
rejoiced to bear in remembrance, and to remind his
auditors, is happily stored: while the chief part of the
progressive labours referred to, devolve upon those
eminent institutions, Universities, which, exclaimed
Mr. GLADSTONE, " I venture to say have been entitled
to rank among the lights and glories of Christen-
dom." In more distinct recognition of this, he con-
tinued, " It is, I believe, a fact, and if so, it is a fact
highly instructive and suggestive, that the Univer-
sity, as such, is a Christian Institution." Further
—" The Greeks," said the annotator upon
HOMER, "had indeed the very largest ideas
upon the training of man, and produced specimens
of our kind with gifts that have never been sur-
paised. But the nature of man, such as they knew
it, vas scarcely at all developed ; nay, it woe.
maimed in its supreme capacity—in its relations
towards God. Hence, as in the visions of the Pro-
phet, so upon the roll of history, the imposing
fabric of ancient civilisation never have endured."
Finally, to gratify ourselves with yet one
more quotation from this most eloquent
and really admirable harangue. "Greece has be-
queathed to us," exclaimed Mr. GLADSTONE, in one
of his most impressive and rhetorical outbursts,
" Greece has bequeathed to us her everliving tongue,
and the immortal productions of her intellect.
Rome made ready for Christendom the elements of
polity and law; but the brilliant assemblage of en-
dowments which constitutes civilisation, having no
root in itself, could not brook the shocks of time and
vicissitude ;" adding, in words and thoughts of im-
pressive suggestiveness—" We now watch, gentle-
men, with a trembling hope, the course of that
later and Christian civilization which arose out of
the ashes of the old heathen world, and ask our-
selves whether, like the Gospel itself, so that which
the Gospel has wrought beyond itself in the manners,
arts, laws, and institutions of men is in such manner
and degree salted with perpetual life that the gates
of hell shall not prevail against it? Will the civili-
zation, which was springing upwards from the days
of Charlemagne, and which now, over the face of
Europe and America, seems to present to us in
bewildering conflict the mingled signs of decrepi-
tude and of vigour, perish like its older types, and
like them be known thereafter only in its frag-
ments ; or does it bear a charmed life, and will it
give shade from the heat and shelter from the
storm to all generations of man ?" Let us live on
hopefully in the belief that after ages will answer
inquiries like these only more
all eager speculative in
and more loudly in the affirmative.

JO YAL PRINCE S S'S THEATRE.-
Lessee, Mr. A. Harris.

THIS EVENING, the Farce, CRUEL TO BE KIND.
Mr. A. Harris, Frank Matthews, and Miss Carlotta Leclercq.
Followed by THE FOOL'S REVENGE. Bertuccio, a
Jester, Mr. Phelps.
To conclude with the extravaganza of TILE SYLPHWE.
Miss C. Leclercq, Miss Louise Keeley, Miss llelen Howard,
Miss Rose Leclercq, Mr. Shore, Mr. Saker, and Mr. Frank
Matthews,

Commence at 7.

AD EL PHI, NEW THE
MrATßEW6bster-ROYAL.
. Benj. .
Sole Proprietor and Manager,
THIS EVENING, April 18, will be reproduced the popular
orig-inal Adele!
_drama of THE DEAD HEART. Robert
Landry, Mr. B. NS ebster (who will make his 9th appearance
since his return from his greatly successful provincial tour) ;
Messrs. P. Bedford, .f. L. Toole, David Fisher, Stuart, C. J.
Smith, Billington, Eburne, Powell, Romer, Page; MissWool-
gar, Miss K. Kelly, Miss Laidlaw.
After which (9th time at this theatre), the Grand Musical
Fairy Extravaganza, by J. R. Manche, Esq., of THE FAIR
ONE WITH THE GOLDEN LOCKS. King Lachrymoso,
Mr. J. L. Toole; Count Pleniposo, Mr. P. Bedford ; Viscount
Verysoso, Mr. C. J. Smith ; Graceful, Miss Woolgar ; Queen
Lncldora, Miss Emily Thorne (her first appearance at this
theatre) ; Mollmopsa, Miss K. Kelly.

Box-office open from 10 till 5.
Private boxes, £2 2s. ; Family Boxes, £l.
Orchestra Stalls, ss. ; Balcony, 4s. ; Front Circle Stalls, 3s. ;
Pit Stalls, 25.; Pit, ls. 6d. ; Amphitheatre, is ; Gallery, 6d.

Acting Manager—Mr. Wm. Smith.

ROYAL LYCEUM THEATRE.—
Under the management of Mr. Wm. Brongh.
THIS EVENING, a new comic drama entitled NEXT OF
KIN. Messrs. Emery, S. Calhaem, Tilbury, &c. ; Mesdames
E. Travers and K. Saxon.
Alter which, the burlesque of THE FORTY THIEVES.
Miss Lydia Thompson, Miss Clara St. Casse, Miss E.Travers,
Miss K. Saxon; Mrs. Wallis ; Messrs. Emery, Tilbury, &C. ;
and a numerous Corps de Ballet.
To conclude with THE MIDDY ASHORE. Miss Lydia
Thompson.
Commence at 7.

ROYAL ST. JAMES'S THEATRE,
King-street, St. James's. Lessee, Mr. T. B. Chatter-
ton. Directress, Miss Wyndham. The nearest Theatre to
Chelsea, Pimlico, and Westminster, the Park being open to
carriages and toot passengers all hours of the night.

THIS EVENING the performances will nommen.. with
A BORDER MARRIAGE. Miss Wyndham, Mr. Robinson,
and Mr. C. Young.

After which, A CHANGE OF SYSTEM.
Followed by a new burlesque, LUC REZIA BORGIA AT
HOME AND ALL ABROAD. Mesdames Wyndham, E.
Beott, Cecilia Ranoe, Miss Clara Morgan, and the Corps de
Ballet

To conclude with ' No. 49."

- - -
Reduced Priees—Gallery, 6d ; Pit, le. The Box-offloe open
from 11 to 5 daily. Doors open at half-past six ; perform
ante commences at 7.

ASTLEY'S ROYAL AMPHITHEATRE.—
proprietor, Mr. WM. BATTY.
Sole Maner, Mr. EDWIN HUGHES.
THIS EVENING, and during the Week,
To commence with the immensely successful Grand Military
Spectacle, entitled " THE HISTORY OF A FLAG." New and
splendid scenery, costumes, and appointments, introducing
the stud of beautiful horses, ponies, camels, &O. &c. To be
succeeded by the Scenes in the circle, supported by Madles.
Monet, Marie, and De Berg, and Messrs. TI. Williams, De-
vereux, Fernando, and the Wonder of the World, Jonathan
Jaok.

Doors open at half-past 6 o'clock, performance commence
at 7.

Box-office open daily from 11 till 4.
Stage Manager—Mr. W. WEST.

CONCERTS.

CANTERBURY HALL
THIS EVENING,
LIICREZIA. BORGIA,
(Donizetti).

Donna Lncreala Miss Russell.
Mark) Orsini Mrs. Anderson.
German) Mr. Henry Herbert.
Don Altonzo Signor Tivoli.
Conductor—Mr. Jonghm ans.
Comic Vocalists —Messrs. George Hodson (the Irish Come-
dian and Mimic), W. T. Critchfield, and E. W. Mackney.
Several interesting Pictures are added to the Fine Arts
Gallery. The suite of Halls have been re-decorated and
beautified, and constitute one of the most unique and brilliant
sights of the metropolis.
The gallery is open from 5 till 11 on Sunday Evening.

THE WEATHER.-SON OPIUM APRIL 18, 1860,

THERMOMETER, IN THE SHADE.
55—highest since noon yesterday.
38—lowest this morning and during the night.
53—this day at noon.

BAROMETER-30.12 ; falling.
WIND, North-Easterly ; fresh, with fine clear, coo]
weather.

HIGH WATER AT LONDON BRIDGE.
THIS Dey.—Morning, 12h. 16m.—Afternoon, 12h. 34m.
To-monatow.-Morning, 12h. 52m.—Afternoon, lh. 9m.

...-...--
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• y '
-., 43
.
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, - fl
-,41Y11-",.7' 4; %_-
, 3.,
' 143'1 ,T*4.;l , • ) ',putt' '
f. ' - 4 ~..7,,,Fig01/4 _,,,,.

THE SUN.
LONDON, WEDNESDAY, APRIL 18, 1860.

It has been happily remarked that we are the
true ancients. The ages of antiquity so called
constituted unquestionably, constituted obviously
the epochs of the virginal youth of the world—those
years of immaturity, when mankind had in arts, in
sciences, in philosophies, in religion, to make a
beginning. Since when the generations of humanity
have—often, it is tine confusedly, and in an ap-
parently irregular and disordered manner—been
advancing in knowledge and general enlighten-
ment. More confusedly—immeasurably, incalcu-
lably more confusedly—prior to the commencement
of the Christian dispensation. And this manifestly
from the simple fact that Divine aid was alone
vouchsafed in an insulated and even then
restricted manner to one solitary race, guided by
the supernal light and sheltered under the
preternatural segis of a Theocratic Govern-
ment. Subsequently to the advent of the
time of that Supreme Event which has been the
turning point in the history of Man upon this earth
those lights have been diffused, that (Egis has been
extended, in truth (though here and there, invisi-
bly even up to the present epoch, and unrecognised)
over all races, and throughout all generations.
Here, in effect, is the one reason for the glaring
difference between the scope of the Heathen and of
the Hebrew civilization, and of that more vast,
and even, it might almost be said, illimitable
Civilization'which has sprung from the dawn of
Christianity. The contrast presented by that mar-
vellous dissimilarity of scope of mere scope, is as
nothing, when compared with the seemingly dia-
metric opposition, which is presented to view
by the gl iring evanescence and perishableness of all
former civilisation, and the apparent indestructi-
bility, save with the destruction of the globe itself
which it adorns, of this later and final and still far
from wholly developed Christian Civilisation.
It was in the consideration of these great truths
that Mr. GLADSTONE sought on Monday, at Edin-
burgh, for thoughts and words not all unworthy
of crowning the summit of his oratorical reputa-
tion. The occasion was one indeed in some
measure befitting his " high argument " being
that of his formal installation as Rector of
the chief of the great Scottish Universities.
The magnificent oration delivered upon this
deeply interesting and henceforth (in the history of
the Edinburgh University) most memorable occa-
sion, by the Chancellor of the Exchequer, will be
found in another part of our impression of this
evening ; and it will amply repay the careful perusal
of all who care to hearken for a while, in the midst
of the din of politics, to the profounder meditations
of one amongst our leading statesmen ! One who,
with all his faults aad demerits, has at least the
twofold distinction of being noticeable among the
mob of debaters and administrators as at once one
of our most philosophic thinkers and one of the
most at comp] ishid and highly educated of our
rhetoricians.

The Emperor of the FRENIII, we are told, is
patronising a new motive power for his steam navy,
one which is to render him independent of the
Welch coal field, save him some three millions
sterling per annum ; indeed, which will require no
more coals for a voyage than are now required for
its cooking ! Air, it seems, is to take the place of
water—Not air of hot water; with the lat-
ter he means to dispense in regard to his
navy; the general wish will be that he were
not so fond of- it elsewhere. Hot water cer-
tainly seems his favourite element. With the
POPE, with England, with Austria, with Switzer-
land, with some country, with some person, to be
in hot water is his delight.
Just now it is Switzerland that is rather too
hot for him. We remarked last Friday on the
military strength of the republic, which, contrary
to what is generally supposed, can, and is prepared
to, muster a force which will make it troublesome
to him to do her the injustice he originally in-
tended. His first object plainly was, while retaining

Edinburgh could hardly have Made two more
appropriate selections; than she has done simul-
taneously, when nominating. Mr. GLADSTONE
as her Rector, and Lord BROUGHAM as her
Chancellor. A little later on, and the venerable
ex. Chancellor will be afforded the opportunity of
addressing himself to. the alumni of his own be-
loved alma mater in. An inaugural speech, which

might well be said. As it stand; a mere whisper
might be charged as an-offence; and exclamations
caused by great provocation the Judge him-
self declared to be brawling, an offence
which entails excommunication, that is, six
months' imprisonment, and we know not what
penalties in the shape of costs. Civil magistrates
and common law judges know bow to treat all
such things on their merits, and if they cannot
always master the technicalities of law, they
generally contrive to see substantial justice done.
' That was certainly not done in this case. Mr. Ro-
SIER'S offence, if proved, was, under the excitement
of the circumstances, far too venial to merit a fine
of £lO.

a first-rate line of defence for himself, to be able,
without obstruction, to march south or east into
Italy, or into Switzerland and Germany, at his plea-
sure. The master of more than half a million of
soldiers would thus be able to keep all around him
in awe ; and while defying England with his im-
mense navy, the adjacent parts of the continent
would be mediatised by his military strength. He
would reign without conquest over his virtual sa-
trapies within the "natural boundary" of the Rhine,
and in the fitting time would annex them
by " cession " and by the universal suf-
suffrage of ballot-boxes in charge of his paid
agents.
There is, however, at present just this little
hitch—the Swiss object to being mediatised, much
more to having their Cantons converted into Freneh
Departments. They appeal to all the signatories
to the treaties of Vienna and Paris. They meet,
however, with but an indifferent response. Austria
übjects, but with little energy; Prussia says it is
not just the thing, and even Russia will
not intermeddle. She is so pleased with the
idea of the cession of Savoy by treaty, instead of
annexation by that infernal device, the free consent
of the whole population, that she appears to con-
sider the annexation of Savoy as the one bright-
redeeming spot iu all the late territorial changes.
England is, perforce, confined to remonstrance.
We have no means of placing a flotilla on the Lake
of Geneva, or a single regiment in Chablais and
Faucigny. We can only say it is all very wrong—in-
deed far worse than wrong in the eyes of statesmen, it
is impolitic—but there we must stop. And if the hot
water EMPEROR prefers,politically, that element, we
must even leavehim in it—leave him with Belgium,
Prussia, Austria, Switzerland, and indeed all Ger-
many simmering and bubbling around him.
That the Swiss have, according to French " ideas,"
one of the strongest cases is evident. The " idea"
in the annexation of Savoy, is strengthening the
military border of France. She deems the " idea"
so important that she must hold all the strong
places of the mountains which separate her from a
neighbour kingdom not having one-third of her
population, nor one-third of her army, and having
hardly any navy at all. How much more may the
Swiss demand that their frontier shall not be
weakened—that thsy shall have the slopes of the
mountains which would make a descent on

But what shall we say of the real brawler in
church, the man who, if we may be pardoned the
Hibernicism, has been for years brawling to the
eyes as well as to the ears of his parishioners ?
Mr. BRYAN KING, knowing the offensive-
ness of his vestment; and altar orna-
ments, and choral performances, and intoning
of the service, to his parishioners, persisted in these
provocations. They are, surely—pure provocation.
He cannot pretend that they have the sanction of
common use ; facts show that they cannot plead
utility ; an antiquated Rubric with which he is
not required to comply—which his ecclesiastical
superior, the Bishop, would be well pleased he should
not comply—this is literally the rev. gentleman's only
pretext for keeping the church and the parish in
an uproar. Yet our Ecclesiastical Courts can
punish the man who was provoked to technical
brawling, at the instance of the originator
of the brawling, and the real author of the
offence cannot be touched by them ! If this
be ecclesiastical justice, then down with ecclesiati-
cal tribunals is the feeling of all free Englishmen.
Lord PALMERSTON has done much to deprive them
of nutriment by taking away all their really
importEint business : we hope he will put a final
hand to his work and abolish them altogether.

L ATES'T

The Earl and Countess of Derby and Lady Emma
Stanley have arrived in St. James's-square from Knowsley
Park, Lancashire.

The Earl and Countess of Hardwick° and the
Ladies Yorke arrived in Portman-square yesterday from
Wimpole Hall for the season.

The Earl and Countess of Stradbroke have arrived
at their mansion in Belgrave-square from Henham Hall,
Suffolk, for the season.

heir territory so easy—and, especially, that

The Earl and Countess of Winchilsea and Lady
Florence Paget, have arrived at the St. George's Hotel.
Viscount and Viscountess Dalrymple have arrived
at the St. George's Hotel.

the narrow lake which forms their southern
border shall not be " a French lake." The rea-
son of the case is so strong, that even
a determined despot is perplexed. The Swiss
assume a bold front—as bold a one as
when they refused to expatriate or deliver up the
man who was then a refugee in their country, but
who now seeks to deprive them of cherished rights;
—and, between the possibility of a bloody conflict,
and the certainty of a disgraceful cause, even
LOUIS NAPOLEON wavers.
Not in his purpose, however, does he waver, as
we believe. He means, we fear, to be lord para-
mount of Switzerland, and of other countries,
too, if he can avoid provoking a general
coalition. His behaviour about Tuscany as well
as Savoy and Nice sustain such a supposition ;
and if the opinion be general, he has but himself to
blame for it. We cannot but commend the Swiss,
therefore, for their far-seeing and brave policy ; and
we only hope that they will compel might to hesi-
tate in the face of right. Were but one small
Power to begin resistance to the EMPEROR'S annex-
ation practices, he might find that others would
follow. The Continent might arouse itself, and think
it better to put a stop to French aggrandisement at
the very beginning. All are now smarting under
the cost to which his military measures put them ;
and England—so quiet and friendly now—might
think it would be cheaper to annihilate for ever the
French Navy, and to treat Cherbourg in the fashion
of Sebastopol, than to pay annually trebled Army
and Navy Estimates. We are beginning to per-
ceive that Mr. GLADSTONE is, after all, the least to
blame. He has too humbly endeavoured by his
Treaty to buy off the Gauls from our shores—
but, his Income•tax is, in reality, a NAPOLEON tax.

Viscount and Viscountess Stratford de Redcliffe
and the Hon. Misses Canning arrived at their residence in
Grosvenor-square a few days since for the season.
Lord and Lady Chelmsford and the Hon. Miss
Thesiger, arrived at the family residence in Eaton-square
on Monday, from visiting the Earl and Countess of Shrews-
bury and Talbot at their seat in Staffordshire.

Lord and Lady Foley arrived in Grosvenor-
square yosterday, from Cheverley Park, Cambridgeshire,
when they passed a few days with Lord George and Lady
Adeliza Manners, on
_their way to town from Worksop
Manor, Notts,

Lord de Lisle and Dudley kas arrived at the SI
George's Hotel.

The Bishop of London and Mrs. Tait arrived in
St. James's-square yesterday, from Starkey's Victoria
Hotel, St. Leenards -on-Sea. We are glad to learn that
his lordship's health has been much improved by his sojourn
at this delightful watering-place.
The Right Hon. Sir Charles Wood, Bart, M.P.,
and Lady Mary Wood arrived in Belgrave-square yester-
day, from Hickloton Hall, Yorkshire.

Sir Robert Peel, Bart, M.P„ and Lady Emily
Peel are expected to arrive in Whitehall-gardens to-day
from Geneva.

The Right Hon. B. Disraeli and Mrs. Disraeli
have arrived at Grosvenor-gate, from Hughenden Manor,

Bucks.

MR. BARON GREENE.—The Freeman's Journal
states that Baron Greene lies dangerously ill—so ill that
serious apprehensions are entertained of his recovery.
SUSPICIOUS OCCURRENCE AT SEA. GENOA,
April 12.—The S. Liberate, Briyiera, arrived at Malta, re-
ports that on the 2d March, while on her voyage from that
port to Scoglietti, she saw a brigantine wrecked in Braci-
otto, seven miles east of the latter place, and that a report
was current in S. Croce and Scoglietti that seven persons
seen alive on the brigantine had afterwards been found
dead, and that the cases and lockers had been broken open
and robbed. It is also stated by a passenger on board the
S. Liberata that a letter was found on the brigantine, show-
ing her to be a Swedish or Norwegian vessel named Thetis
or Themis.
LONDON DOCK COMPANY.—A special general
court was held yesterday at the Dock-house, at which the
various clauses of a bill in Parliament for making a branch
railway from the Blackwell Station to the London Docks
were severally read, and -a resolution was carried, that the
bill, as amended in the House of Lords, be approved, and
that a copy of the same be sent to each proprietor.
METROPOLITAN FREE HOSPITAL, DEVONSHIRE-
square, City.—The aggregate number of patients relieved
during the week ending April 14 was—medical, 867 ; sur-
gical, 397; total, 1,264. of which 365 were new cases.
GREAT FIRE AT GREENWlCH.—Yesterday morn-
ing a fire broke out in the extensive premises of Mr. 'NV.
Huntley, sash maker, and known as Wood's Wharf,
Greenwich. Vast streams of water were thrown upon
the blazing pile, but the flames continued to defy the
exertions of all present, and mounted so high as to be
distinctly seen from almost every part of London. The
fire was not extinguished until the premises of Mr. J.
Huntley, Ns. P. Corbett, boat builder, Mr. J. Stapleton,
smith, Mr. J. Tracer, mast maker, Mr. J. R. Hunter, coal
merchant, Mr. S. Thomas, chandler, Mr. E. Thomas, Mr.
J. Showells, and Nos. 6,7, 8,9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, and 15,
on the opposite side, and lot out in tenements, were con-
siderably damaged.
THE BANQUET TO THE 78TH HIGHLANDERS.—
The Scotsfilait of yesterday says :—This great ontertein-
ment, which is to take place this day week in the Corn Ex-
change, promises to be a very grand spectacle. The Ex-
change is to be profusely decorated with Highland and East-
ern trophies, and with flags, skins, deers' and leopards' heads,
ancient and modern armour, &c., and when brilliantly
illuminated, and filled with the gallant soldiers in full High-
land costume, and with many other guests or entertainers
in uniform, regular and volunteer, naval and military, the
seine will be extremely striking and splendid. The arrange-
ments for the banquet are far advanced, and promise to be
in every respect satisfactory.
It is understood that a marriage is on the tapir
between the only son of Sir George Grey and a young lady,
daughter of a military officer, resident at Cheltenham. This
marriage, we believe, will not take place till late in the
autumn—after the return of the Prince of Wales from
Canada. The appoint meat of Equerry to the Heir-Appa-
rent was entirely unsolicited on the part of Captain Grey,
and was a compliment paid by the Queen to the gallant
career of the young officer, and to the long and able politi-
cal service of his distinguished father. Captain Grey served
throughout the Crimean campaign with the Rifles, and re-
turned home safe, to enjoy his well-earned promotion.
Captain Grey is the only sin and only child of the distin-
guished political baronet.—Court Journal.
Pending the opining of the Indian telegraph to
the public, which is promised in two or three weeks, it is
hoped that the greatest care is taken to prevent any mes-
sages of a commercial or financial character finding their
way to quarters in which they might be used for purposes of
speculation. At the present moment the disturbances re-
specting the indigo cultivation, and the uncertainty regard-
ing the influence of the new duty on saltpetre, constitute
circumstances in which changes of quotations might occur
to affect the fortunes of all concerned in those branches of
trade. Any priority of intelligence would, therefore, be
most unfair, and it is difficult to believe that if messages are
transmitted hither to more than one person they are likely
to be inviolably preserved. The public, therefore, would be
gratified to learn that such as are forwarded for Govern-
ment purposes are addressed to and seen by Sir Charles
Wood alone.

Mr. BRYAN KING has obtained a partial triumph.
He has succeeded in getting Mr. RosIER admo-
nished by the judge of the Ecclesiastical Court; and,
what to Mr. ROSIER is of far more consequence,
since he says that he is but a poor man, the rev.
gentleman has got a fine of £lO in the shape of
costs inflicted on the worthy tradesman. The fine,
however, will probably be promptly paid by the
many who sympathise with him. It was stated at
the close of the affair that a penny subscription
should do it, and there, we suppose, the matter ends
for the present. We are not learned in ecclesiasti-
cal law, and have neither time nor inclination to
inquire just now of those who are so, but
we presume, from the remarks made in court, that
the " admonition" was then and there given ; if
so, we are not likely to hear more "of the office
of the judge promoted by the Rev. BRYAN KING
against Mr. RosIER for brawling in church."
But what now are the feelings of all true Eng-
lishmen in reading the accounts of this trial, and
the judgment of Dr. TRAVERS TWISS ? Certainly
that Mr. ROSIER got about the measure of justice.
which a poacher may expect from a game-preserv-
ing country magistrate. We have not a word to
say against Dr. Twiss personally, not even as a
judge. The blame lies in the system. No
amount of excusing and refining can persuade
laymen that judges in ecclesiastical courts are
not prejudiced persons—unconsciously prejudiced,
it may be, but still biassed in favour of ecclesiastics
and their Church generally, against laymen. Had
Mr. ROSIER been tried before Mr. SELFE, or any
of our metropolitan magistrates, the presumption
would have been that the case was proved against
him. We may ask nine-tenths of our readers
whether, on reading the judgment of Dr. Twlss
himself, they feel reasonably sure that it was proved.
There were two witnesses against one, and the
judge thought that the one witness in favour of
Mr. ROSIER deposed to what occurred on another
occasion ; on the other hand, Mr. ROSIER, though,
to be sure, the accused, and unswornoitterly denied
ho
of
vai
an
ga
cucsued the
se
dp person, rwordsson,
like
eq
thatues t i oonf . a l
ITohtehteersst, m o
must,
s t,
however, go for what it is worth ; and nothing has
turned up, that we know of, to make it likely that
Mr. ROSIER would lie in plain English, for he
would seem to have been too plain an Englishman for
Mr. .tsEOLnFE thweouwlholahe we emuh
found chqi
mu egstuiiolntywhether
Mr. SELFE would have found him guilty of one-
half the charges more than of the other half; and
we feel confident no jury of his countrymen would
have convicted him. From all we have seen of the case
nothing would have induced us, in a jury-box, to go
further than the Scotch verdict, " Not Proven."
We feel pretty confident, therefore, that most lay-
men on reading the report of the trial will
utter a fresh malediction on Ecclesiastical Courts.
Dr. Twiss nay of course have been right in his
but the curse of the system
capacityis,
that
n oo fne hot ifw
usinl a
can ;an feel sure that justice was
done. Englishmen have quite a diffenreenTterfeweliiinlgbien
regard to all other courts—but they .
lieve that Ecclesiastical Courts are Courts of Jus-

STEAM VESSELS FOR THE GANGES.—The first of
the steam vessels designed by the Oriental Inland Steam
Company for the Navigation of the Ganges has just been
tried on the Mersey. This vessel, which draws two feet of
water, is 250 feet long and 30 feet beam, and is propelled by
two high pressure engines of 200 horse power nominal, but
working up to about 800 actual horses' power. The speed
attained on the trial trip was about 14 miles an hour, with
31 or 32 revolutions of the wheels per minute ; but as many
as 36 revolutions per minute were obtained for part of the
time. The engines are formed with inclined cylinders, of
26 inches diameter and 6 feet stroke, and the pressure of the
steam is 1001bs. per square inch. The steam is supplied by
four boilers, on the locomotive principle, of great strength.
The vessel is trussed, both longitudinally and transversely,
with wrought iron pipes, which are effective in withstand-
ing both extension and compression. As this vessel has
more power and a lighter draught of water than any now
upon the Ganges, and also a higher rate of speed, her es-
tablishment upon that river is looked forward to with great
interest. The Janina, a sister vessel, is also nearly ready,
and these vessels, it is expected, will inaugurate a new era
in the navigation of the Ganges, as combining greater
power and speed and a lighter draught of water than any
heretofore introduced upon any of the Indian rivers.—
Live,pool

MATRIMONY AND COTTON TOPS.—Now, gentle-
men, let us pause for a moment over these cotton tops—let
us turn them inside out—and see what is the legitimate in-
ference to be derived thence. here we find a young lady
just at the most critical period of her life—when she has
exchanged vows, for the first time, with her lover or hus-
band—call him what you will—who sees before her an un-
known and untried htture, which, in most cases, love tinges
with its purple hues. What is she thinking about ?—that
she will be a glory in his prosperity, a solace in his sickness
and adversity, to that man in whom she believes as the
type and exemplar of glorified humanity ? Pardon me,
gentlemen, it I carry you back to the times in which we also
—we hard worldly men, believed in such things—even we 1
Well, what is this young girl thinking about ? Why, that
a silken stocking will set off her foot and ankle to greater
advantage than a stocking of any other texture. That is
her notion of love—that is the acorn out of which the sturdy
oak of Mr. barber's domestic happiness is to grow,—From
"Divorce a Yinculo," in Once a Week.

tics.
On the law relating to brawling, something

THE; ',SUN,' LONDON, WEDNESDAY EVENING .APRILS 118, 1860,

NEWS.

The following telegrams have been received at
Mr. Reuter's office :
BOMBAY MAILS.

The Ottawa arrived at Suez on the 10th of April'
The Valetta arrived at Marseilles on the 18th of
April, at 6 a.m. Mails left for London at 10 a.m.

The Euxine at Alexandria on the 12th, expected
at Malta on the 17th, and at Southampton on the
27th inst.

OUTWARD CALCUTTA AND CHINA MAILS.
The Pera arrived at Malta on the 12th, at 3 p.m.,
and sailed for Alexandria on the 13th, at 10 a.m.
The Panther arrived at Malta on the 14th, at
9 p.m., and sailed at midnight for Alexandria.
The Alhambra left Malta for Corfu at midnight
on the 14th.
The Colombo, with the Londoi mail of the 20th
and 27th Feb., reached Point de Galle on the 26th
March, en route to Calcutta.

PARIS, APRIL 18.

The Constitutionnel, in an article signed by M•
Boniface, says it is authorised to declare that the
pamphlet, "La Coalition," is entirely the work of
a private individual, who has neither, directly nor
indirectly, been inspired by Government.

MADRID, APRIL 17.
The report that Ortega has been executed is
untrue.

PARIS, APRIL 17.

M. Thouvenel has informed the representatives
of the Powecs who signed the Final Act of Vienna
of the nature of the reception France will give to
the circular note of the Swiss Federal Council of
the sth of April respecting the convocation of an
European Conference.
It was not until the King of Sardinia had for-
mally taken posseseion of Lombardy, and the trea-
ties of Zurich had been signed and ratified, that
France and Austria jointly addressed an invitation
to the Powers who had signed the treaties of
Vienna to assemble at a Conference, in order to
make known to them the territorial arrangements
which had resulted from the cession of Lombardy
to Piedmont, which cession was freely consented to
by Austria. No Power having then objected,
France will follow the same course. When, there-
fore, the cession of Savoy and Nice, freely con-
sented to by Piedmont, shall have been sanctioned
and ratified by universal suffrage of the inhabi-
tants, and by the vote of the Sardinian Parlia-
ment, France will take possession of those pro-
vinces. Immediately afterwards she will consent
to the assembling of a Conference for the pur-
pose of receiving a communication of the treaty
concluded on the 24th of March last between
Napoleon 111. and King Victor Emmanuel.

France will likewise be willing that -the said
Conference shall examine the following question—
" In what manner are the rights of France, irrevo-
cably acquired through the cession of Savoy and
Nice by the King of Sardinia, to be reconciled with
the guarantees stipulated by the treaties in favour
of Switzerland ?" It being, however, well under-
stood that the Conference shall leave the treaty of
the 24th of March intact.

Baron Monrad, who arrived here last week from
Copenhagen, was received on Sunday by the Em-
peror at a private audience, and left again yester-
day evening to resume his functions as Minister of
Public Instruction at Copenhagen.
Baron Dirkink Holmfeld, formerly Danish Am-
bassador, also left yesterday evening for Copen-
hagen. Ho was previously received at a private
audience by the Emperor, who presented him with
the Grand Cross of the Legion of Honour.
The pamphlet, La Coalition, originates from a
Government source, although it has been denied.

BERNE, TUESDAY.
There again appears some probability that the
Conference will take place.
England proposes Brussels as the place where it
should be held, while France insists upon Paris, in
which she is supported by Russia.

GENEVA, APRIL 17.

General Canrobert, accompanied by several
officers of Engineers, has visited the fort of Les
Rousses, on the frontier of Switlerland.
The Canton de Vaud has been supplied with war
materiel.

The English Government has given encouraging
assurances to the Federal Council.

GENEVA, APRIL 17.

Prince Gortschakoff, in his reply to the note of
Switzerland, identifies Russia with the other Powers
who signed the treaties of 1815, and who recognised
the inviolability and neutrality of Switzerland. In
this note the Prince also states that it is the true
political interest of Europe to preserve Switzerland
from all foreign influence. But France having
manifested an intention of negotiating, either with
the great Powers or the Swiss Confederation, and
the Federal Council having expressed a similar
desire, Russia gives her complete adhesion to the
assembling of a Conference, being convinced that
the Federal Council does not doubt her solicitude
to efficaciously insure the neutrality of Switzer-
land.

MARSEILLES, APRIL 17.

The official Neapolitan journals from the 10th to
the 13th inst. inclusive say nothing of the popular
movement at Messina. Private letters merely state
that the attempts to surprise the military posts at
Messina had been repelled, and that the agitation
was less at that place than at Palermo.
10,000 men were pursuing the insurgent bands.

Since the insurrection commenced the Govern-
ment has sent into Sicily four battalions of Infan-
try, two battalions of Artillery, and a regiment of
Lancers. The Governor of Sicily had written that
no more reinforcements need be sent, his forces
being sufficient.

NAPLES, APRIL 14 (via Genoa.)

The insurrection has spread to Trapani, where
the Provisional Government and the National
Guard have joined the insurgents. The Royal
troops still occupy Palermo, which is destitute of
everything. Great activity prevails in the arsenal
at Naples. The embarcation of troops for the pro-
vinces continues. The agitation is increasing. The
corps d'ul•inee in the Abruzzi has been recalled.

TRIESTE, TUESDAY.

says According to The Trieste Zeitung
au-
thentic private information from Messina to the 9th,
the Austrian Consul had quitted that city on board
an Austrian merchant vessel.
" A bombardment of the city was expected in
the course of the 9th."

LONDON AND BLACKWALL RAILWAY.—A general
meeting of the shareholders in this
J company was held yes-
terday, at the London Tavern, Mr. .N. Daniell in the
chair, for the purpose of obtaining the assent of the pre..
prietors to a bill for 'taking a line of railway to the Lundou
Docks, now before Parliament, under the provisions of the
Wharnclitre Act. There was no opposition to the scheme,
and a remlution authorising the directors to proceed with
the line was agreed to.