The Sun.
London, England, 1860-10-31 00:00:00

says :—" Fresh tumults occurred on the 24th, and
the troops had to be called out. The Place du
Theatre, the Cafe Zrinyi, and the Faubourg Joseph-
stadt were the scene of these disorders. Some per-
sons were wounded."

M. Szemere, Minister of Finance and President
of the Council of Ministers of Hungary under the
revolutionary government, has addressed a letter
to the French journals on the subject of the re-estab-
lishment of the Hungarian constitution. After
alluding to a work which he recently published,
and in which he pointed out all the just complaints
of Hungary, and the remedy which should be
applied to them, the writer expresses his approba-
tion of the constitution just promulgated by the
Emperor, and concludes his letter as follows :
I may, perhaps, be asked whether Hungary will now,
as regards foreign affairs, follow the traditional policy of
the Hapsburgs. To that I dare to reply in the negative,
for the dynasty must entirely abandon its absolutist policy.
A sovereign truly constitutional at home, cannot be despotic
abroad. If Francis Joseph only grants these reforms with
the secret idea of leading Hungary into an offensive war
against Italy, it will be a fatal error for him, and his con-
cessions will lose all their moral and political value ; but,
in a contrary case, constitutional liberty in Austria will be
a new pledge for dpacific solution of the Venetian question.
This is why the recent decrees are of great European im-
portance, for we may hope that from this time we have one
constitutional state the more, and one despotic the less.

M. Szemere's hopes are not shared, we believe,
by his former associates in the national goTern-
ment.

SARDINIA AND SYRIA.

Count Cavour has addressed the following circu-
lar to the Sardinian Legations :
TURIN, OCT. 15;
" Monsieur le Minister,—You know from my
preceding communications the attitude which the
King's Government has thought right to take in the
question of Syria. When, in the month of August
last, on the announcement of the massacres which
devastated the Christian regions of that country, the
Powers met in conference in Paris to devise means
for putting an end to such frightful disorders, and to
prevent the renewal of others, we claimed to be
allowed to take part in the arrangements to be come
to. Our right to do so was evident. It was conse-
crated by Art. 7 of the treaty of the 30th March,
1856, which, by admitting the Sublime Porte to the
advantages of public law and of the European con-
cert, contains the formal engagement of the Powers
which signed it to guarantee in common the inde-
pendence and territorial integrity of the Ottoman
empire. In virtue of that disposition the assent of
Sardinia to the occupation of a part of the Ottoman
territory was indispensable to the legality of the
measures to be taken in common. Accordingly, the
right of Sardinia was not contested. Only, it was
remarked to us, more, however, as a technicality
than as a real objection, that the question of Syria,
as it presented itself, was connected with the ar-
rangements of 1845—arrangements to -which we
were strangers—and that consequently it might be
believed that the Powers acted on this occasion less
in virtue of the Treaty of 1856 than of previous
understandings. It was, however, easy for us
to show that the question could not be considered.
as simply local, but that it possessed general inte-
rest, from the influence it was destined to exercise
on the situation of Turkey and the relations between
the different States of Europe. We might even
have added that, without going back to the conven-
tions of 1848, which referred to Mount Lebanon,
the Treaty of 1856, by introducing a right as re-
gards Turkey, implicitly modified all previous
special conventions which were contrary to, or
not in conformity with, this new general and
permanent right. Nevertheless we could not
ignore that the obstacles which opposed them-
selves for the moment to the reception of our de-
mands were specially owing to the efforts of Austria
to exclude us from the understanding. At that
moment the lives of several thousand Christians
were in the greatest danger, and it was necessary
to apply a prompt and efficacious remedy to such a
frightful state of things. We, therefore, thought
it right not to insist any longer, for by doing so we
might have caused some delay in the decisions of
the Conference of Paris, and any loss of time would
have caused the most fatal consequences. We pre-
ferred to suspend for the moment the exercise of
our fright, but at the same time we notified to,
friendly and allied Cabinets that we made reserves..
On its part the Sublime Porte, in the course of the
month of June, having confided to his Highness
the Grand Vizier Kuprisli Pasha the mission of
visiting the different provinces of the empire to
inquire into the fate of the Christian populations.,
hastened to give official communication of his ap-
pointment to the representatives of the Powers
which signed the Treaty of Paris residing at Cele.
stantinople. His Majesty's legation not having
received that communication, the King's Minister
demanded explanations, and then doubts were ver-
bally expressed by the Porte as to the legitimacy of
our pretensions. I immediately gave orders to
General Durando to reply categorically to the ob -
servations made, and to protest formally in advance
against any interpretation restrictive of our rights..
I transmit to you a copy of the note which his.
Majesty's legation addressed with this object to.
Savfet Effendi on the 22d September last, and pray
you to read it to the Minister of Foreign Affairs,
and to give him a copy of it.—Accept, &c.,
" C. CAVOUR."