The Sun.
London, England, 1869-08-07 00:00:00

THE SUN, LONDON, SATURDAY EVENING, AUGUST 7, 1869.

proposed inquiry, and is not prepared to recommend
that the country should be put to the expense which
it would occmion."

ANOTHER MUNIFICENT BEQUEST BY MB. WHIT-

WORTH.

Mr. Whitworth has offered eighty more scholar-
ships to the Science and Art Department, to be devoted
to the furtherance of technical instruction. They
are of the annual value of £25 each, and represent a
capital of £40,000. This is the second bequest which
Mr. Whitworth has made in the interest of scientific
instruction. This second series of scholarships is to
be open to the competition of students in universities
and in public and private schools : Mr. Whitworth's
first act of munificence was more especially for the
benefit of artisans.

THE ACID AND SMOKE NUISANCE.

Mr. Angus Smith, the inspector appointed under
the Anali Act, has just issued his annual report,
which contains much useful information. The mode
of testing the quantity and quality of acids contained
in the exhalations from chimnies has now been so much
improved, that it is possible to ascertain the exact
amount of mischief clone by each manufacturer, and
it is also pretty well known whether the nuisance is
inevitable or otherwise. Mr. Smith assumes that
the advantages of industrial occupations are
SO great that the unavoidable evils re-
sulting from them must usually be borne ;
but these evils would be co:nparatively small
if chemical works were carefully conducted, and coal
was properly burnt. It seems that 90 per cent. of
the acid escaping from the manufacture of salt cake
can he recovered by passing the smoke and gases
through a " wash tower." This tower is of simple
and inexpensive construction, and its use does not
interfere with the efficiency of the furnaces.
Respecting the consumption of smoke, Mr. Smith
states that in general far too much air is supplied to
furnaces, which involves much waste, and does harm
by cooling the furnaces. What is requisite is to
admit the exact quantity of air required
for combustion, and to cause it to be
properly distributed. " Air is easily given,
but not so easily used." He recommends the intro-
duction of a jet of steam to the furnace. The inju-
rious condition of the atmosphere in many of our
manufacturing towns is clearly pointed out. " The
rain instantly reddens test paper in Manchester. It
is easy to account for the absence of plants ;" and, ho
might have added, for the high death rate. We
now know that improved processes of manufacture
will remove the greater part of the evils from which
the public suffer, and these improvements can often
be carried out with advantage to the manufacturer.
Under these circumstances no time ought to be lost
in giving practical effect to our knowledge by sup-
pressing any abateable nuisance.

THE SOLDIER'S KNAP:'ACK.

The soldier's knapsack has been long enough dis—
cussed, and we are glad to learn from the Lancet
that the new system has been decided upon. The
" valise " has been selected after much debate and a
great many trials. The Con.mander-in-Chief has
ordered the new arrangement to be supplied annually
to ten regiments. The only competitor with the
valise has been Colonel Carter's knapsack, but that,
the soldiers said, hurt them in the small of the back ;
it has therefore been abandoned. It is with much
satisfaction that we record that the old knapsack, or
"the monkey," as the Prussian soldiers call it, will
soon disappear from the British army, to, it is to be
hoped, the comfort of the soldier and an increase ot
his efficiency.

AMERICAN AFFAIRS.

(From the Anglo-American Times.)

We have just received our files of papers to July
27. Postmaster-General Creswell had met with a
serious accident at his home in Maryland. The
grand ball to the President at Long Branch on the
26th was a brilliant affair. A cannon weighing 57
tons had been successfully landed at Fortress Mon-
roe. There are legal difficulties in the way of Mr.
Stewart's purchase at Hempstead Plains. A politi-
cal affray took place at Augusta, Georgia, on the
24th July, in which two men were killed and seve-
ral wounded. By the caving in of a sand bank on
the New York Central Railroad several workmen
were injured. A torpedo corps is about to be orga-
nized by the Navy Department. An accident oc-
curred on the Connecticut River Railroad on Sa-
turday, and three persons were injured. By
Andrew Johnson insisting on securing for himself
the United • States Senatorship in Tennessee he was
imperilling the election of Senter. A fire at Long
Branch destroyed $lO,OOO worth of property and
endangered 30 horses.
Frank Leslie gives a picture of Marriott's steam
carriage Avitor, and if the likeness be correct, it
more resembles a flying fish than a cigar. Our
readers must imagine the body of such a fish with
its fins extended along each side, and not pointed
wings as erroneously imagined ; for they begin near
the head, reaching down towards the centre of the
Avitor. The rudder at the stern may be described as
not only a vertical fine, like that of a fish, but with
another crossing it horizontally in the centre and at
right angles. Thus by elevating the end of this
rudder the effect would be to raise the head of the
balloon, by depressing it the head would tend down-
wards, by turning it to the yight, the Avitor would
come round to the right or to the left, just as a
ship would obey her rudder. This carriage is a
mere working model to test what could be accom-
plished, but though said to be clumsy in appear-
ance when on the ground, it looks imposing in the
air, and will doubtless astonish the birds. Out of
the back at the centre protrudes a small funnel,
from which Frank Leslie pictUres smoke as issuing,
which is a mistake, for spirits of wine only is used
for generating the steam. There are two little
masts, to which ropes stretching to the extremities
of the wings are attached, the Stars and Stripes fly-
ing at the masthead, but the Eagle of the United
States would be more appropriate. A third, and
even more successful, trial was made on the 21st
July in the presence of reporters, engineers, and
some members of a large party from Chicago. The
Chicago Tribune says, "They are building an air ship
in New York on the mcdel of the California inven-
tion. Its owners announce that they will complete
it in two months, and they expect it will take them
to Europe in fifteen hours. It may, but it is more
likely to take them to the other world in fifteen
seconds."

Koopmanscbaap is a native of Holland, who emi-
grated in 1851, and, prospering in San Francisco,
took to importing Chinese, of whom he has intro-
duced 30,000. He is not, then, the Celestial his
name led every one to suppose. After successfully
forming the Chinese Emigration Company, he pro-
ceeded to New York, where he became " a lion,"
great interest in his mission being felt. Though
thousands earnestly desire to introduce coo!y la-
baur there are other thousands who dislike it ; and
it was soon seen that the company organized by
Koopmanschaap, proposed to infringe an Act of
Congress passed in 1862, prohibiting the trade, and
forbidding the citizens of the United States to raise,
ecrrip, load, or otherwise prepare, any ship or vessel,
registered, enrollel, or licensed in any port of the
United States, for the purpose of procuring the sub-
jects of China, known as coolies, to be transported
to any foreign country on pain of forfeiture of the
ship. This is rather an awkward barrier to Koop-
manschaap's proceedings, and he has taken his de-
parture from the Fifth-avenue Hotel, New York,
for San Francisco.

The Irish Church question excites much interest
in America, " Pig-headed" being the mildest term
used for what is considered the obstinacy of the
Peers. Leading articles on the subject appear in
nearly all the papers. It was confidently antici-
pated, however, that the Lords would soon give
way, and the news that such had been the case
was received with general satisfaction, as Mr.
G!adstone's Bill is held to be a triumph for liberty,
and America welcomes every move which tends to
assimilate the countries.

A 'cute Yankee made the Boston Jubilee a means
of advertising. In the hands of the chorus he
placed 18,000 boxes of his cough lozenges at a cost
of $3,750, and then boldly proclaimed that to his
lozenges, and to them alone, the success was due,
for which he deserved to be patronised by Boston in
particular, and by the State in general. Another
enterprising American offerel to supply a congre-
gation with prayer-books gratis, but each alternate
page contained an advertisement. A third made
the minister an offer for the outsideof his pulpit to
advertise baby-junipers. A proposal has come from
an advertiser of large mind for both sides of the
Sutz Canal, and we are directed to announce a
handsome bid to any crowned head who would let
out his back ; the advertiser guaranteeing that the
lettels shall be in gold, and the subject neither
baby-faiming nor quack medicines ; but the royal
word is required that he will not lean back in his

carriage.

It may be remembered that before General But-
terfield would accept charge of the Sub-Treasury in
New York he desired that all the coin should be
counted. This might appear a simple task to those
whose ears are only gratified by the jingle of six-
pences in their pockets, but when the sum amounts
to millions the task requires organization and ex-
perts for its quick and successful accomplishment.
Messrs. Guthrie, Moore, Baker, and True were se-
lected from the corps of assistants in Washington and
sent to New York to aid the 59 rapid accountants
already engaged, presided over by P. C. Calhoun,
president of the Fourth National Bank.
They
be-
gan work on the afternoon of July 2, commenting
eingwith the currency, ranging in denomination from
$1 to $l,OOO, which was counted twice, the total
sum reaching $30,000,000.. At about 10 o'clock on
the night of July 3 the reckoning was finished, every
piece of gold and silver having been twice counted
and weighed piece by-piece, and a detailed analysis re-
cot ded on each bag. Thus $70;000,000 in gold and
500,C00 in silver were manipulated, together with
bar gold to the value of $3,000,000, which had to
be weighed, calculated, and repacked ; the grand
total being found to be $102,727,648, cents 29,
which proved the Treasury return to have been
accurate in every particular, and the sum to be the
largest ever gathered in the New York vaults.
The effect of the Tribune's work in giving such
prominence to the income returns of New York
City and its vicinity is becoming more marked
evverenry day.ment offiletiaalstt,raanetdedetuhrereadttennptiotnheofeffitheeerGs 00-f
internal revenue. Re-assessments have been or-
dered for several of the great cities, inquiries have
been instituted, and prosecutions in cases of false
returns. In consequence numbers of persons whom
the Revenue Commissioners had never heard of
before are now as eager to get their names on the
list as they were before to keep them off. Attention
seems to be chiefly directed to Fernando Wood,
but there is a number of other poor men for whom
much commiseration is felt, and into whose cases
searching inquiries are in charity to be made. The
New York Timessays :—" The information at the In-
ternal Revenue Bureau is of an encouraging charac-
ter so far as the collection of the income tax is con-
cerned. It appears that the Assessors and Col-
lectors find the business of the year, in this respect,
which they bad supposed finished, almost as active
as ever, the number of gentlemen who find that
they now have taxable incomes, and who are desir-
ous to pay the income tax, being coutit,d by thou-
sands." The Revenue officers have been very good
till stirred up by that Radical paper the New York
Tribune,oiitsnvaer'ißctsaedaioi. s
content with the comfortable arrangement
by which the "poor men" returned an income with-
out paying a tax, complacently receiving each year
a notice
cotal:loaomtc,oo:uie far, they did not pay, a fine would be
snehco
any
yve enru,
departmentmt h
number
et
r Roafd ic
lettersa Radical
apapers
receivedgiving
n
took
g
information about delinquents. The Tribune is
entitled to et heavy oOmuligiov, Which tho whole

' $lOO,OOO would scarcely repay. But it must be re-
membered that these income returns are not true
indications of wealth, for much property pays
the tax before the income reaches the owner.
The dreadful news has been winged to New
York that Andrew Johnson is sure to be returned
from Tennessee to the United States Senate. Se-
nator Sprague is fortifying himself for the coming
campaign by a visit at Narragansett Pier from that
great tactician and daring general, Phil. Sheridan,
about whom an Irish-American paper of the Fe-
nian persuasion has circulated the report that he
gave hearty encouragement to some F. B. Senators.
Sheridan and his staff have lately been the guests
of L. P. Morton. Senator Hendricks of Indiana,
who is going to the Pacific coast, is to have recep-:
tions at the hands of the Democracy of Omaha and
Cheyenne. Senator Fenton, in the following words,
declined an ovation iu the shape of a numerous and
brilliant escort down the Bay on the occasion of
his approaching departure for Europe
James-
town, July 14, 1869.—The Hon. John V. Gridley,
New York.—Your despatch is received. Accept
the express:on of my thanks for your kind offer,
but I beg you take no further steps in the matter.
I shall be well pleased to leave upon my voyage
with a knowledge of the generous purpose of the
members of the Lincoln Club and other friends,
without the demonstration you suggest. I even
prefer a quiet departure.—" R. E. FENTON."
The 7 ribune asserts that the first intelligence re-
ceived direct from Paraguay at New York was the
letter published July 22 from its correspondent at
Buenos Ayres. General M'Mahou bad arrived there
on his way home, the recall from the Hon. E.
B. Washburne having reached him at the same
time as the hearty approval of his course by Mr.
Seward, the former Secretary. The correspondent
further states that Gen. M'Mahon's recall by Mr.
Washburne was rendered the more offensive, as
the Secretary was the brother of the Minister
M'Mahon had replaced. How is it, if this be true,
that the ex-Minister to Paraguay, Chas. A. Wash-
burn, always spells his name without the final e,
while the well-known family of which the Minister
to France is a member spell the name with an " e."
The correspondent declares that Gen. M'Mahon saved
the United States from becoming entangled in an
unjustifiable war with Paraguay ; that he exercised
a most beneficial influence over Lopez, and through
hint alone was there a chance of peace being effected.
Lopez's official organ, the Estrella, pays General
M'Mahon a high compliment, contrasting him with
Mr. Washburn much to the disadvantage of the lat-
ter. The writer considers that the allies cannot make
a successful attack on the Paraguayan position in
the Cordilleras, the headquarters of which is at the
mouth of the principal pass. Lopez was casting
guns at the rate of three or four a week, nearly all
his wounded had recovered, and had again joined
him, and he was prepared for another four years'
war. Astonishing revelations are promised when
Gen. M'Mahon speaks out, and we have beard no-
thing apparently more contradictory than this Para-
guayan question, as it now stands. Admiral Davis
and General M'Mahon seem to be arrayed on the
side of Lopez; Ex-Minister Washburn, Messrs. Bliss
and Masterman, and Colonel Thompson strongly
condemn him, as does public opinion generally,
while the Paraguayans seem to be fanatically at-
tached to his fortunes, and, however accounted
for, they ought best to know him.

The Times, in its City Article last Tuesday, re-
iterates the assertion, notwithstanding the denial
already made, that the preliminaries have been ar•
ranged at Madrid for the recognition of the inde-
pendence of Cuba by Spain in consideration of
$100,000,000 in Bonds, to be secured on the reve-
nues of the island and guaranteed by the United
States. We heartily agree in these remarks of the
leading journal :

"Under the circumstances the view is that the result
will be of the highest benefit to all patties. Spain will not
only be enabled to put her finance in a sound position, but
will escape henceforth tho cost and peril of dealing with
the revolutionary elements in the island ; the Cubans will
have the means of rapid development opened up to them ;
anc the United States will be spared the complications
constantly threatened by the attempts of American citi-
zcns to foment and aid the disposition to rebellion."

While the report is categoric ally denied at Madrid
it is repeated by telegraph from New York. There
it is believed that the Washington Administration
has instructed its Minister to Spain to open such a
nego.!iation, though nothing official had as yet tran-
spired. A further story is that Air. Forbes of Bos-
[Ott ut,t-cd.,l to le eiree keheir
the United States the sum of $100,000,000 for Cuba.
As the island returns an income of $10,000,000 this
sum only represents a ten years' purchase.
Senator Sumner, in a recent letter dated Nahant,

(Massachusetts), fully endorses the action of the
Governm .nt in maintaining the neutrality of the
United States towards Cuba. lie does this, how-
ever, from a motive for which we have little sym-
pathy, as it is grounded on mere expediency, unin-
fluenced by principles. His heart is with the Cubans,
but the importance of the negotiations with Great
Britain, which would be compromised by the
slightest concession, over-rides the interests of the
revolutionists. We hope Senator Sumner wrote no
such letter, for the action of the United States Ad-
ministration on foreign as on home matters should
be guided by law and equity alone. No course
pursued by America could justify Engltnd's action
in the Alabama case, and the claims of the United
Stat2s, however inconsistent the demands might be
with such a course, would still remain. Nor is this
letter consistent with Mr. Sumner's previous views,
who alleges against England, as a crime, her sym-
pathy with the rebellion, while he, the Chairman of
the Senate's Committee on Foreign Affairs, openly
announces his own sympathy with the Cuban rebels,
for which, according to his own showing, Spain has
the right to complain. We are glad to see that he
supports the purchase by the Cubans of the island,
the bonds, as proposed by Secretary Fish, to be
guaranteed by the United States.

Lemus has been removed from the Presidency pf
the Cuban Junta, the agency being transferred to
Senor Macias, late of Buenos Ayres, and this is said
but to anticipate the action of President Cespides,
who heads the revolt in the island. Lemus left Wash-
ington,July 22,t0 meet the difficulty which has arisen;
but it is evident that there is a split. It is said
by those who have transferred their allegiance that
he was lukewarm in the cause, that he never be-
lieved in its success, and that the failure of the re-
cent expeditions is due to his obvious want of in-
terest. Ryan and Currier, who escaped at New
York, are at an hotel on the Canadian side of the
Niagara Falls. There they will be conveniently
placed in the event of the rumoured invasion of
Canada, now telegraphed as coming off, and
" creating some excitement in the towns on the St.
Lawrence." The news from the Phillipine Islands
is that an insurrection threatens there against the
Spanish authority, and it is semi-officially an-
nouncel that an attempt will be made to follow the
example of the Cuban insurgents. Pleasant news
for smokers! to have Havannah and Manilla d..-
vastated by civil war at the same time.
President Grant has made a great haul of gun-
boats. Spain has been extensive in her orders for
small vessels for war purposes, and employed the
yards of New York, and of Mystic, Connecticut, to
construct them. The Peruvian Minister lodged a
complaint, alleging that the vessels were intended
for an attack against Peru, and orders were given
to the United States Marshal to seize those in New
York. Eight were captured in the harbour, but
seven got away to Long Island, whither they were
followed by the Government officers, of whom others
were despatched to Connecticut to size the 15 now
building there. They each carry one gun, being but
170 toes burden and 105 feet long. The proba-
bility is that they were really designed for service
in Cuba, but it was found to be more convenient
and diplomatic for the Peruvian Minister to coin-
plain, as i:o Cuban agent could be officially re-
cognized. The Spanish Minister, of course, pro-
tested against this high-handed proceeding, but
Grant will hold to the saying, that " what is sauce
for 0,3 goose is sauce for the gander."
The news via San Francisco, from China, is to
June 19, and from Japan to June 30. A steamer,
formerly the Confederate cruiser Tallahassee, :was
wrecked near Yokohama on June 17, and 22 lives
were lost. The Imperialists had captured Hako-
dadi. The Mikado had appointed two ambassadors
to the aancl7fich ik4ands, and they were about to

start upon their mission. In China there was great
excitement at the discovery of a conspiracy to be-
gin another great rebellion. Another outrage upon
foreigners near Hankow is reported, the British
Consul and his wife being among those attacked ;
and the matter is to be investigated by the Govern-
ment at Pekin. At Ichang the crew of the gun-
boat Opossum saw placards posted on the gates
offering rewards for the murder of foreigners and
the destruction of their steamers.

Bank robberies by persons in positions of trust
continue in New York. The two latest are those
of Frank Ballard,•Secretary of the Security Insur-
ance Company of New York, who is a defaulter
for $63,000, and of Daniel H. Fitzgerald, formerly
cashier of the City Bank of Syracuse, N.Y. Mr.
Ballard has been Secretary of his Company for
nearly three years, after filling the posts of Secre-
tary in both the New York Board of Fire Under-
writers and the National Board. He is a promi-
nent member of the Young Men's Christian Asso-
ciation, having been but a week before the discovery
that he had stolen $63,000 from his employerselected
an officer at the society's International Convention
at Portland. He is known also as the corre-
ponlent of the Boston Post, who signs himself
"Nor' Wester," and he has for a long time been held
in high esteem among insurance men. The Evening
Post remarks

"The defalcation was managed in the most ingenious
manner, and could have been accomplished only by an
expert book-keeper. The company usually has a surplus
of about $200,000, part of which ie used to make call
loans. Tho company never charges more than 7 per cent.,
and receives only Government Bonds as collateral secu-
rity. These collatemls were used by Mr. Ballard for
purposes of speculation."

Another assassination isreported from Arkansas,
Marion, Crittenden county. Captain A.T. Haynes,
formerly of the 3rd Coloured Cas airy, was shot by
Clarence Collier, according to one account, by a
deliberately planned assassination, and according to
another under the pretence of self-defence. Both,
however, agree that Collier was in a grocery, that
he stepped into the street where Haynes was with a
double-barrelled gun, that he fired one charge with -
out warning, into Captain Haynes' side, following
it with the other barrel, and then drawing a pistol
sent two bullets into his body. Although the Mem-
phis Appeal asserts that Captain Haynes had threa-
tened to shoot Collier and some others on sight,
and that when he saw Collier he put his hand to his
back as if about to draw a pistol, which induced
Collier to fire, another account maintains that it
was a most deliberate and cowardly murder, the
assnssin lying in wait for his victim, having his
horse ready saddled to ride away, which he did.
Collier, who is described as being a young man
only just of age, with black hair, dark eyebrows,
and a small dark moustache, is said already to
have killed five men, among them a son of Mr. P.
C. Bethell. No hard words had passed between
them ; on the contrary, Collier, who had fled as a
Ku-Klux when the militia occupied the town, assured.
Haynes on his return that he desired to live there
in peace. The Memphis Appeal thus heads its ac-
count of the murder, which it terms a I?.encontre,
" Haynes, the Highwayman," referring to him as
"the late infamous commander of Clayton's militia."
What is required is, to hang without remorse such
ruffians, and unless Grant thus succeeds in dealing
with these cavaliers there will be no peace in the
South. Hang every man who shoots another, and
such assassinations will cease, for there are few
who can make up their minds to die for the sake
of gratifying hate. It is really marvellous that in
a Christian land a man barely 21 years of age
should add to the numerous assassinations he had
perpetrated that of an officer whose crime was
that he had commanded the state troops on an oc-
casion distasteful to such a band as the Ku-Klux
Klan, and that he could murder him in the open street
with absolute impunity, giving his victim no chance
but destroying him as he would a mad dog. The
coloured people are, however, likely to work a
wild justice with Collier if they catch him. They
mounted and followed, and if they c )me across
him they will probably shoot him in the same way
as he shot Haynes, as they have but little faith in
the working of the laws of Arkansas. We are glad,
however, to add that much indignation has been
excited at Marion by this act.

The Nation of July 22 has a remarkable article
on the difficulties of Economical Discussion. The
World and the Evening Post consider that the
tariff question cannot be taken out of the area of
party politics and treated simply as the sei.!ntific
question it really is. While admitting this, the
Nation deplores the common mistake of associating
political economy with statesmanship, the suppo-
sition being that a man who knows political eco-
nomy is sure to be a good legislator. It is hardly
ever consider6d purely as a science, and it will be
a long time before it can be so considered unda a
popular Government, for the simple reason " that
there is money in it" as the lobbyists say :
"No matter what may be the motives of the general
public in putting on protective duties on foreign commo-
dities, the result of doing so is to create a large class who
have a pecuniary interest in maittaining the duties; and

his class called into existence, farewell to science or scien-

tific treatment. When the question of continuing the
duties, the question whether they have not been is exist-
ence long enough, or the question whether they ought ever
to have been imposed at all, comes up for discussion, it is
invariably mixed up with a great variety of considerations
—some economical, some social, some moral, some reli-
gious, and some personal. It will be said that the tariff
ought to bo maintained for the elevation of the working
man ; for the purpose of preparing the country fora foreign
war at some indefinite period; for the purpose of diversify-
ing industry, and to improving the mental faculties of the
population; for the purpose of punishing some foreign
power for bad behaviour; for the national honour and
glory, and so on. Not one of these considerations has any-
thing economical about it, or is ono on which a scientific
econonlis,t has any opinion to offer; they are things for the
consideration of the politician properly so called ; but a
great misfortune of the times is that the distinction
between the spheres of the two men is entirely overlooked.
Lord Derby, for instance, when he was opposing free-trade
in corn in order that England might not become dependent
on foreign countries for food, and in order that the landed
interest might be maintained in health or prosperity,
thought he was talking political economy, but he was not
—he was talking politics; and half his hatred of free

trade was composed of the landowner's jealousy and dis-
trust of the manufacturer. So it is here; anybody who
takes the trouble to read the curious essays Mr. Greeley
is presenting his readers in the Tribune under the name of
a treatise on political economy, will find hardly a trace of

the science in them. They consist of a collection of
political and social theories and personal reminis-
cences. In fact there is something really remarkable
in his own faith that ho is talking science. For in-
stance, he declares the object of political economy to
be the conversion of good-for-nothing non-producers,
which, if true, would make it the principal business of
political economists to establish gaols, industrial schools,
and reformatories ; and anybody who differs from him ho
pronounces a blockhead or ' blear-eyed pedant.' Some of
the weapons ho employs in the discussion are very curi-
ous. Mr. Wells having furnished some facts, which seem
to controvert Mr Greeley's theories, he declared solemnly
that, in his opinion, Mr Wells is bribed. Ile publishes a
long list of income returns, provided him by revenue offi-
cers, whose accuracy, it seems, he does not take the least
trouble to test, for the purpose, as he alleges, of exposing
those who evade paying their dues to the Government ;
and although under the law the return is no evidence
whatever of the amount of a man's incoute•—the interest
or dividends of the money invested in the stock of corpora-
tions having the tax deducted by the corporation—he
holds up to execration those whose names do not appear
in his columns, or whose returns do not seem to their
neighbours to account for their expenditure."
And this the Nation asserts to be done with the

intention of bringing to shame such editors and
public men as support Free.tradc, and to discredit

their opinions.
The comity of States, slys the Cleveland Herald,
requites that Ohio Democratic papers should omit
all reference to the " bloated bondholders," for fear
of wounding the feelings of the Democratic can-
didate for Governor in Pennsylvania, who is
bloated" with several unlLons of dollars of that
sort of property.

The French Atlantic Telegraph Company have
announced that their cable will be opened on the 15th of
August, their rate on a message of ten words being £1
125., with a charge of 3s. 3d. f•.,r each additional word.

DuNvILLE and Co., Belfast, ate the largest
holders of Whisky in tha world. Their Old Irish Whisky is re
commended by the medical profession in preference to French
Brandy. Supplied in casts and cases for home use or exporta-

tion Qaotationa on application to Messrs. Danville and Co.,
pelfast; or 4„ yett4f9Ft-paliclinFa?Stre,tp4)lo449n, Wri9,-;•[Ad
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