The Sun.
London, England, 1869-01-29 00:00:00

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ICE " EDINBURGH REVIEW" ON
GRANT.

The Edinburgh Review, published last Saturday,
contains an article on General Grant. The bias
of the writer is evidently to the South, but on the
whole the subject is not unfairly handled. It is
clear he thinks that Grant was fortunate in com-
mencing that portion of his career which so quickly
gave him his world-wide reputation in the West,
and that his operations continued to be there con-
ducted till the spirit and strength of the South had
been nearly subdued. 'The opportunities the re-
viewer has had of discussion with the acting Generals
in the civil war wer3 he confesses those engaged in
the Confederate service. He notices two grave
faults committed by the rebel Government ; the
one against Lee's advice was the invasions of the
Nurthcra Stabv, for this rouse I the enmity of a
la-g,e el .5.3 in the -North who oppo.sed the conquest
of the South and wou'd take no pm t therein, but
who at once threw theinsalves vigJr-ouslv into the
contest, when their own h:arths and hones weie
threatened. Toes inroads only produced a ruinous
recoil, W:l.',llig intle,ll imritilLl3lo SouLhara material
in creating Cut, vary reic,b;iou to s'-..reng:11,3,1 thj
.N.Jrai. The other c.f.:Jr to which the reviewer
allu le; is the f ttal of Bragg baf Chata-
no3ga, of ,e:fli:ing to carry that city, than defect led
by Tuaarbs. 113 waited before it for weeks, till
Grant having gather/31 up hi& strength attacked
his eatrenchmeats in overwhelming force and
drove him pell-mell from Tennessee, commencing
that great march which Sherman carried out by
splitting the Confederate States from Savannah
inland, towards the capital of Tennessee, nar-
rowing the country under the control of Presi-
dent Davis into Virginia and the Carolinas.
Grant's first operations (and those of the fleet)
severed the Confederacy along the line of the Mis-
sissippi; his next severed the States on the left bank
up to the line of Sherman's march, and the Con-
federate Government had then as much chance of
surviving as a man would have who had two ra-
piers through his body. After Bragg's defeat a law
was passed creating a new grade, and Grant's name
was submitted to the Senate for the promotion with
the control of all the land forces of the United
States, when he was ordered to take the command
in person of the army of the Potomac. The
reviewer believes that Grant would have pre-
ferred to :conduct the operations afterwards so
skilfully carried out by his trusted Lieutenant,
Sherman, but the Washington Government desired,
above all things, according to this authority, to re-
trieve its military reputation in Virginia, there so
sadly tarnished. The belief was general among the
soldiers of the Western corps that the grand army of
the Potomac had never been properly handled, that
the material of the contending forces was the same
in the East as in the West, notwithstanding that suc-
cess followed success, and State after State was
wrested from the South in the valley of the Mis-
sissippi, while within cannon-sound of Washington,
there was little'else than 'gloomy defeats, the very
seat of Government being repeatedly threatened,
and even the State of Pennsylvania invaded. The
difference was accounted for by the fact that the
great Northern commanders were all with the
armies of the West, while the most accomplished
General of the Confederacy personally commanded
in his native State, Virginia. Grant then was
pitted against Lee, and it is clear the reviewer be-
lieves that in the famous Southern chief he met
more than his match. Grant himself held the
opinion general in the West, that the Army of the
Potomac had never fairly been fought, and this ac-
counts for the obstinate manner in which he struck
at his adversary till he had sacrificed more than
50,000 men, when he found himself much in the
same position as that from which M'Clellan had
been driven, while with less than a third of that loss
Lee had frustrated his adversary's plan of the cam-
paign. The reviewer acknowledges that Grant's
army was four-fifths made up of recruits, while
Lee's was composed of the finest soldiers of the Con.
federacy. He terms them (we write from memory-,
not having the ileview before us) those glorious sol-
diers, the admiration of the world, who made up
by their individual qualities for their want of discip-

line. Grant's plan, as originally conceived, and
often by hi.n recomtnended, was to work round Lee's
flank, seizing the railroads which carried his sup-

IVheri circamstances had driv_en him into

the a loption of his own old scheme, he was quickly
justified by the result. Although the Confederates
were not so desperately pushed for men as th 3 Fede-
ral General believed, who asserted they were "rob-
bing the cradle and the grave," their commissariat
was so badly conducted that while Lee's army
was starving, four months' provisions were stored
at Raleigh, North Carolina, and the want of
supplies tended materially to break down Lee's
strength. Against his own judgment, but urged by
the political necessity and the Richmond Govern-
ment, Lee continued the defence of that city long
after military reasons showed the danger of r

maining. Grant hid so worked round his fla

that, in face of this watchful enemy, he could not
evacuate the position, therefore his line of retreat
was in a degree commanded, while he could not de-
fend works extending over forty miles, with
scarcely as many thousand men. When his en-
trenchments were carried, Lee made great and un-
availing efforts to get his army out of the trap, but
he was fairly caught by a general who was not
likely to give him the chance of retrieving the dis-
aster, yet who, hopeless as Lee's case was, tendered
generous terms, at the risk of bringing on his head
the indignation of a section of the North. Nor
that only, for when Andrew Johnson desired, in
the first moments of vengeance, to make an example

of General Lee and some of the leading officers of

the Confederacy, Grant took up that determined
position for the fulfilment of the conditions he had
proposed, from which men knew it was impossible
to make him retreat. The scene on the surrender

at the Appommatox Court House is touched on,
when Lee, with tears streaming down his cheeks,

turned to his soldiers and said, " I have done the

best for you ; I could do no more." Although the

reviewer intends to be fair, we think he does but

scant justice to the renowned Northern commander,
whose military exploits during the war of the rebel-
lion will stand out the more prominently as the

little confusing details fall away by time, leaving
the great landmarks lonely and bare, and Grant

will, we believe, appear a greater general to suc-
ceeding ages than he appears to his own contem-
poraries, for it is by what remains alone that he
will then be msasured. —Anglo-American Times.

THE BURNS' PuscH-BOWL.—The Newcastlii and
Tyneside Burns' Club celebrated on Monday night the
110th anniversary of Burns' birthday. About 150 gen-
tlemen sat down to dinner. Occupying a prominent posi-
tion in front of the chairman was the famous punch-bowl

"linildlienabbreaw'ndd aApl
loecnkcao'mmea,
to pros.
possession of Mr. A. Brown,
Newcastle,Hood
-street,
in the
gentleman who is married to
one of the daughters of " Willie Nichol," in whose house
in Dumfriess li•e the scene described in Burns' song was
Healththre Restoring
vetimes the
Re
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