The Sun.
London, England, 1856-09-08 00:00:00

THE SUN,', LONDoN, MONDAY EVI4:I /Ncis'—',SETTEMITER P, 5

tuities, besides important collateral advantages.
The English officers of the Turkish battalion, who
were at least on Turkish soil, eager for active
employment, and burning to show what they had
accomplished in training and disciplining the
rude levies, have been summarily discharged with
less than a quarter of the amount, two-
and a half months' pay, being all that they re-
spectively obtained as tokens of British gratitude.
It is, indeed, the proportion usually adopted be-
tween Germans and Englishmen. Witness the
amount of bounties paid on enlistment, and the
still greater disparity exhibited at the time of
discharge. The German or Italian Legionary was
' handed a full year's pay. The Tipperary Militia
man a few shillings out of the bounty promised,
but never paid. The German obtained a freo
grant of land, a free passage for himself and
family, however numerous, ample rations, supplies
and stock, wherewith to found a flourishing colony,
clothing, arms (including a valuable Minie
rifle), and ammunition. The Tipperary boy
was turned out half naked, the wretched,
worn-out uniform being stripped from his back,
and the few shillings that stood between him and
starvation, until he could obtain other employ-
ment, being required to procure the miserable
slops which considerations of common decency
rendered indispensable.
Something should be done to check this in-
tolerable system. If Englishmen would only be
true to themselves it would speedily be arrested.
We have grumbled long enough, but fruitlessly.
A time-honoured fable, however, indicates the
correct course. As we find no efficacy in fair
words or tufts of grass, may it not be time to try
" what virtue there is in stones." England must
ere long be for the English, and not for the Ger-
mans I Let us obtain that desideratum by fair
means if we can ; but let us obtain it.

Whether " born to good luck," in the unre-
stricted meaning of the phrase, or not, ALEXAN-
DER 11. has so far reason to account himself lucky.
A year ago how gloomy, to all appearance, were
his prospects. What a weight of care and anxiety
rested on his shoulders. What danger of financial
collapse and disintegration impended over his
empire. Vainly had he drained the interior of
his choicest troops, and poured them with lavish
hand into the Crimea. The allied forces—rein-
forced and plentifully supplied at last with the
muniments of war—proved themselves irresistible.
The Malakhoff was taken by storm—the Russian
forces were in full march to the north side of
Sebastopol—the Allies had but to push forward
and the remainder of the devoted stronghold, the
Crimea itself, possibly the Russian forces also,
would have fallen into their hands. Fear and
trembling were to be found on every hand be-
hind the boasted Russian bulwarks on the shores
of the Baltic and the Neva. The crackling of the
setting ice suggested thoughts of the crumbling
up of the power of Holy Russia in the coming
spring. The hopes of the most sanguine began to
fail them, and in all his vast dominions there was
probably no man more oppressed with care and
despondency, and less to be envied than the
EMPEROR. The dream of his ancestors, which had
been so far wonderfully realised seemed about to
be divested of its materiality, and the labours of
between one and two centuries to be cast utterly
away and remembered as of no account. The
mighty combination of England, France, Sardinia,
and Turkey was rapidly developing the strength
of its vast proportions—and Austria, with the
whole horde of time-servers, and all who hated
Russian sway, waited but a favourable moment
to contribute their quota to Russian humiliation t
Now how different is his position. Well as his
troops and diplomatists fought for him, his would
have been a poor case if none had fought better.
While the strength of Russia seemed to verge on
exhaustion in her own territory, a power greater
than the armies and fleets of the Allies took com-
passion on her, and arrayed itself on her side.
Believe us it was not the Dtvrxs. The unex-
pected succour came from a far different quarter.
The power that bade a victorious army advance
no further, and put a veto one the eniprise of
expectant fleets, was the directing power of France
and England. NAPOLEON and Lord Pa L -
XERSTON Cs master) were the deliverers of Russia
from her imminent peril. The task was theirs to
nullify the toils and privations of brave armies,
render innocuous the thunderbolts of mighty
arsenals, and stultify France, and still more Eng-
land, before the world. In an hour of peril such
as Russia had not passed through even in the
times of PETEL the Great, the Emperor .4 L EXAN-
DER was rescued from danger, and placed on a
pinnacle, from which he may hereafter overawe
the world, by his enemies themselves. If this is
not luck, where shall we find it ?

And now fresh from the most imposing cere-
monial probably ever witnessed in modern times
(for the excelling splendour of which, by the way,
our neighbours the French, and the subjects of
FRANCIS JOSEI'II have o reason to be grateful a e
they will find when their sovereigns choose to be
crowned), what a position is that of the Emperor
ALEXANDER ! The jubilant peals which hailed
his coronation, innumerable and long sustained as
they were, would not have been thrown away to
celebrate the madness or the Allies and the
services they have rendered Russia. The newly
anointed Emperor stands half a century in
advance of the point from which, but for the
war, he had set out on his father's decease. The
Allies have dowered hint in his youth with
the wisdom he probably would not have
attained before old age, or, if sooner,
only at the heaviest cost. Seated on the throne
of his ancestors, and treasuring at his heart the
ambitious longings and the traditionary policy of
his house, his eyes are opened to the defects of
his military and financial system, and he is
enabled, like the knight whose skill and armour
have been tested in the tournament, to prepare
abundantly for every exigency of the fight. The
waste of human materiel on the steppes of Ruseda,
and of treasure in useless equipment, and the
speedy exhaustion of his finances, are lessons which
a Russian Emperor could not be expected to over-
look. These drawbacks will not have to be
allowed for in a future war. Already the En-
PEROR plans out the intersection of the Russias
with railways, and recognises in commerce
a mine of wealth which it were folly to
overlook. "Peace for War," and not " War
for Peace," will henceforth be his motto,
and the barbaric hordes in his dominions
will be content to bide his time. With no oppo•
sition or concealed animosity to dread from the
great majority of his subjects, with uninterrupted
space to complete whatever may be necessary for
the achievement of his aims, and with the cer-
tainty that his behests will be duly carried
out, what has he to do but wait for an
opportunity at once of conquest and re-
venge ! Not the least noticeable portion
of the coronation ceremony was the homage
paid to the tombs of his ancestors, and he would
be unworthy of them, and a hypocrite to boot, if
he failed to carry out, to the best of his ability ,
their schemes of aggrandisement, supposing he
entertained none himself, of revenge. And no-
' thing stands in the way of preparation but these

Christian, virtues which never proved an obstacle I
to the House of ROMANOFF. What a change
within a single y' tar ! How much the EMPEROR
is indebted to France and England !

DANUBIAN PRINCIPALITIES.

(FROM A CORRESPONDENT.)

The question relative to the plan of govern-
ment to be adopted in the Danubian Principali-
ties will very speedily be discussed by the Com-
missioners appointed by Europe for that purpose;
and this question of our for-sign policy is one
which nut only is of univerFal importance to us,
but upon it will depend the free existence of
Wallachia and 'Moldavia under the SULTAN'S
sway, and also the trrlnquillity of the whole of
Western Europer—its. civilisation and prosperity.
There are three points which will occupy diplo-
macy in the S( ittlement of this serious and most
important sul. elect. They are, first, shall these
provinces remain, as at present, separate and in-
dependent cif each other, but suzeraine to the
SULTAN, ruled by Hospodars elected by them-
selves, under the confirmation of the Porte ?
secondly, shalt these provinces be consolidated
into one, ruled over by onell.ospodar, chosen among
themselves as before? and, thirdly, shall they be
consolidated, but be ruled over by a Foreign
Prince, suzeralne to the SULTAN t These are the
simple points upon which Europe is called upon
to discuss and, decide. An error, however, cora-
lmitted in this affair may lead to most disastrous
consequences.

The topographical position of the provinces will
at once convey to every reasoning mind the con-
sequences we allude to. They are the highroad
to an invasion of Constantinople. Walla-
chia, Moldavia, Servia, Bulgaria, lead to
the "same prize, and they all profess what
our Northern rivals call the orthodox religion.
One false step in deciding upon the government
of the provinces will lead to treachery, bloodshed,
and barbarity. The Danubian Provinces have
been for time immemorial, and long before—
consequently they formed a portion of the Turkish
empire—in a separate form ; that is, they formed
two distinct governments, ruled by two distinct
Hospodars. The Ottoman Power kept to the
s Imo mode of government, because it was pro-
per to the Provinces and a safeguard to thsdr
p rivileges and prosperity ; otherwise, when the
Crescent was at the gates of Vienna, the con-
queror could have imposed upon the Provinces
vrhatever form of government he thought proper.
1 Ile saw, however, in this instance, that union
was not force, and, like a wise legislator, con-
firmed what he saw would be for the well-being
and prosperity of those populations, and they
have existed to the present day under two rulers
suzeraine to the SULTAN. Look at the fate of
Poland—Poland united—Poland a kingdom—
where is she, and what has been her fate ? Yet
Moldavia and Wallachia still exist, in spite of
every species of intrigue and attempt at revolu-
tion, and exist because, and only because, they
are not consolidated ; join them as one weak
power, and they are swallowed up by an avaricious
and barbarian nation. We have not been
happy in our deliberation in Congress.
Let us, however, if we have any weight
as a nation, be serious for once, for
the sake of variety, and not submit to be again
the laughing-stock of Europe. The folly, indeed
the crime, of consenting to the consolidation of
Wallachia and Moldavia into one Province can
be proved in a few words. If under one Hospodar
chosen from the united population, in the first
place, there is uo family of sufficient consideration
or standing to be hereditary ruler ; and, in the
second place, no Moldavian would consent to -be
under the dominion of a Wallachian or a Walla-
chian under a Moldavian ; jealousies, feuds,
revolution, and bloodshed would follow such a
delusive attempt, and, in the midst of dissension,
a power is ready to take advantage of domestic
broils, having already fomented them, and under
the pretence of calming their passions, would
quietly take possession of their territory; and, need
we say, that all attempts to ascend in the scale
of civilisation would be blocked out for ever ;
liberty, freedom, happiness, and prosperity would
be banished as prohibited merchandise. The
idea of naming a Foreign Prince as Viceroy
under the Suriax has been thought the ne plus
ultra of diplomacy, and indeed taking the word
diplomacy in its literal sense, it is so, for it is
evidently intended by such a proposition to de-
prive the SULTAN of his rights, though put for-
ward as a means of safeguarding his dependencies
—we say evidently intended, because the think-
-1 ing portion of mankind can perceive the cunning
and delusion of such a scheme. We need only
mention .Greece. Let us take history for our guide,
and as Governments depend more upon prece-
dents than plain good sense, let them look to
Greece and Egypt. The Foreign Prince named as
ruler over the million of population of Greece was
suzeraiue to the SULTAN, yet ho declared hi :u -
self independent of that Sovereign. How much
more easy then would another Foreign Prince with
four millions of people, and the geographical posi-
tion of his territory so much in his favour, throw
off his allegiance and declare himself independent ?
But mark the difference between the relative
positions of Greece and the Danubian Pro-
vinces ; the vicinity of Wallachia and Moldavia,
to Russia on one hand and Austria on the other ;
and the immense difficulty England would have to
encounter in an attempt to protect the Provinces
from an invasion, clearly shows that the self-con-
stituted new kingdom would soon share the fate of
the kingdom of Poland, and, instead of these
prolific countries becoming rich, and prosperous,
and happy under the paternal Government of the
SULTAN, they would be crushed to slavery, and re-
monstrance would only be the means of a voyage to
Siberia. This is what the union of the Provinces
would effect ere we got in time to arrest the blow ;
and if we do not boldly record ourselves against
the consummation of such an outrageous and de-
lusive act, we ought to hide our heads in seclu-
sion, and leave the destiny of nations to those who
have more foresight than ourselves.
The only means for the Principalities to be happy
and free, looking to their exceptional topographi-
cal position, is to leave them in their present
separate state as suzeraine to the SULTAN, with
liberal institutions and the exercise of their agri-
cultural pursuits ; and we ought, as a free people,
to rouse our energies, arkd assist with all our moral
strength, and not allow four millions of people to
become oppressed, as they assuredly will be, if the
infamous attempt at consolidation become a fait
accompli.

j The annual gathering and games at Braemar are fixed
to take place on Thursday. It is expected that her
Majesty and the Prince will honour the occasion with
their presence.
The Emigration Commissioners have advertised for
vessels to carry emigrants to 'Adelaide, Port Fairy, and
Sydney, to he ready between the 10th and 27th of Oct
Mr. W. 0. Stanley has issued an address to the elec-
tors of the Anglesey boroughs, announcing his intention
to become a candidate for their representation at the
next dissolution of Parliament.
The Consul General of Buenos Ayres in London has
advertised the regulations resolved upon by the Govern'
ment :of Buenos Ayres for the colonisation of Bahia
Blanca and Patagonia. Grants of land are to be made,
and the immigration of married settlers especially en•
couraged. At the same time Bahia Blanca. is declared a
tree port for merchant vessels under all flags, and is to
enjoy free trade for five year,.