The Sun.
London, England, 1856-10-22 00:00:00

CORN EXCHANGE.

The supply of English wheat on sale in to-day's market
was very moderate, and in poor condition. For all kinds
we had a dull inquiry, and Monday's prices were with
difficulty supported.
The imports of foreign wheat continue liberal. That
grain changed hands wholly in retail quantities, at un-
altered quotations.
The demand for floating cargoes was less active.
Barley sold heavily, and grinding parcels were lower to
purchase.
The malt trade ruled steady, on former terms.
We hail a dull inquiry for oats, and damp parcels were
rather easier.
Beans, peas, and flour were unaltered in value.
AbtRUMS =III WSIII.
Wheat. Barley. Malt. 1 Oats. noun
I English .. 3,160 2,380 950 1,820
Irish •• .• 3,220
1 45
Foreign I 12,220 1,110 • 19,830 1)118.

BOROUCH HOP.
About an average business is doing in our market, at
last week's prices.

WHITECHAPEL.

The trade generally ruled inactive, as follows :—Beef,
from 3s to 4s id ; mutton, 3s 4d to 4s 6d ; veal, 4s Od to
53 Od; pork, 3s 6d to 5s 4d per Sib by the carcase.

" We are able to announce," says the Nicuwe &Um.-
dantsche Courant, "that Messrs. J. R. Carmichael, pre-
sident of the Submarine Telegraph Company at London,
and J. W. K. de Lseuw, captain of Engineers at the
Hogue, have addressed the King, with the view of ob-
taining the concession of the establishment of a eubma-
marine line between the coasts of England and Holland.
The chief object of this second line is to secure for the
commerce of Rotterdam the advantages already enjoyed
by Amsterdam, viz , a direct telegraphic communication
with the capital of Great Britain."
GENERAL SIR lincar ITALKETT.—ITANOVER, Got. 18.
—Death and old age are fast thinning ,the Hanoverian
army of its veterans who took so distinguished a part in
the Peninsular war. It was only a few months ago I
had to report the decease of General Sir Julius Hart-
mann, and now another officer —an Englishman by
birth—is on the point of quitting the service. This
is General Sir Thigh Halkett (brother to the late Sir
Colin Halkett), Inspector-General of the Hanoverian
Infantry, who has tendered his resignation with the
intention of retiring to Scotland to pass the rest of his
days there. Sir Hugh Halkett joined the King's Ger-
man Legion when very young, accompanied it in all
its campaigns, and distinguished himself on all occasions
by his personal bravery. In Spain he executed a most
gallant exploit by taking a French general prisoner
in front of his own corps. After the war the general
entered the Hanoverian service, in which he has re•
mained to the present day, having attained there the
highest military rank. - He is also a G.C.Ef. and
I S.C.B.

,"118. OLIVEI1?4, M.P.

On Tuee;eay, the 21st inst., a large meeting was held
in the To en Hall, Pontefract, to receive Mr. Oliveira,
one of the.. members for the Borough, and after some ob-
servatio ss made by the Chairman,
Mr. OLIVEIRA spoke as follows :—Gentlemen, when
last I addressed you in this hall, we were ent.aged in the
prosecution of a great struggle against one of the fere-
most Powers of Europe, in defence of the rights of an
ancient ally, whose existence, as an independent State,
was threatenei by the advance, of a neghbour, whose
traditional policy for centuries had been the gradual, but
entire acquisition of the territory, and the final extinc-
tion of the Ottoman empire. The power of Russia had
graderally increased until her military resources became a
mer.ace to the rest of Europe ; armies trained to the
highest state of discipline, more numerous than any in-
ternal exigencies rendered necessary ; fleets of gigantic
proportions, useless but for aggressive objects ; arsenals
of military and naval stores, which had been the labour
of years to construct and concentrate, the very strength
of which was a secret to the rest of the world. The at-
titude of defiance assumed by Imperial Russia towards
the Ottoman Porte proved beyond doubt to the rest of
Europe, that, in the opinion of the late Emperor of
Russia, the time had arrived for prosecuting a design,
the accomplishment of which bad been dictated by his
ancestor Peter ; steadily kept in view by the Czars from
his time, and had become in the minds of the people a
prophecy, the fulfilment of which was a mere question
of time. A dispute about the holy places, and the pro-
tection of the Greek Christians in the Principalities, led
to the first overt acts of aggression. It is no iejustice
to charge the late Emperor of Russia with the undoubted
design of possessing himself of the shores of the Bospho-
rus and the capital of Turkey. His conversations with
Sir Hemilton Seymour, and his undisguised interference
with the affairs of Turkey, left no doubt as to his real
purpose ; and his known determined character, added to
the immense warlike resources which he had accurnn-
tated, proved to Europe that the decisive blow was
about to be struck. The Western Powers at length re-
solved to check the advance of Russian ambition, and if
Austria and Prussia bad cordially united with France
and England, it is more than probable that tee great
calamity of war might have been avoided. The Go-
vernment of Lord Aberdeen was accused of want of
vigour and resolution. I was always one of those who
approved of the wise and prudent course adopted by the
Governments of France and England, by endeavouring
to, avert that greatest of human evils, and I feel assured
'AIM it was that very forbearance which, when war
became inevitable, imparted to it the popular and uni-
versal support which it met with from all classes of the
people. Only one short year since the country resound.
ed with the cry of prosecuting the war with vigour.
Never were sacrifices submitted to more cheerfully than
were those which the war imposed upon all classes ; and
the sad disasters of 1854, with the terrible loss of life
and treasure in the Crimea, only served to stimulate the
whole nation to those great efforts which brought forth,
at the commencement of the present year, an army well
equipped and equal to any service, as well as a naval force
the like of which the world had never seen. The spirit
of the British people rose equal to the emergency, and
when the first faint accents of the acceptance at St. Peters-
burg of the Austrian Proposals reached this country
incredulity was mingled with disappointment. Ido not
exaggerate the temper of the nation when I say that an
all but universal will resounded amongst all classes, that
one campaign, and one great effort on the part of Eng-
land, were necessary to vindicate the greatness of the
country, and put a termination to the contest, which
should be alike durable and satisfactory. The Congress
' met at Paris, and all the objects for which arms were
taken up were obtained. The Allies, acting with an
expedition as remarkable as the good faith which dic-
tated their conduct, evacuated the enemy's territory,
and in removing their armies and fleets from the scene of
action presented to Europe a splendid proof of their dis-
interestedness and generosity. It is impossible to view
the noble conduct of France and Sardinia, in connection
with Great Britain in that important conjuncture, with-
mit seeing in the future alliance of those countries the
best guarantees of peace, as well as the great benefits
that must accrue to mankind by the union of such en-
lightened
nations. Russia, on her part, in reference to
giving up Kars, Ismail, and Reni, and the rectification
theßessarabian frontier, exhibited some signs of her
accustomed temporising policy, and the retention of the
Island of Serpents seemed to show the reluctance
with which concessions requiring an abandonment of
territory were acquiesced in. But the dignified and
united aspect of England and France speedily removed
all apprehension upon those points. It is to be hoped
from the generous expressions of the Emperor Alex-
ander, that a piece which inaugurated his reign may
be durable, safe, and beneficial to all the parties
to the treaty and a blessing to Europe. Let us not for-
get, however, that to be prepared is to be safe ; and I hope
that no Government will hereafter lose sight of the para-
mount necessity of maintaining such forces, naval and
military, as will cause Great Britain to be prepared for
any emergency that may arise, without those lamentable
sacrifices which were made at the commencement of the
war just terminated. This, I feel assured, is the true
interest of the country, and will in the end prove the
most practical economy. In glancing at our relations
with other countries, 1 am sure you will agree with me
in the gratification I feel at all differences with the
United States having been adjusted. Disastrous and
terrible as any war must be, how fatally would the great
cause of civilisation, of commerce, of international friend

•
ship suffer from so unnatural a confitet as a war betw,en
the two great branches of the Anglo-Saxon raoe. It is
fearful to contemplate the evil consequences that would
spread over the world by such a calamity. Without go-
ing into the causes of the disagreement upon the recruit.

ing question, and that of theblayton-Blilwer Treaty, in
reference to Central America, I must say that Lord
Palmerston showed a forbearance, mingled with dignity,
which warded off what for some time assumed the ap-
pearance of a most unmanageable difficulty; and Mr.
Dallas, as the messenger of peace, fulfilled his mission
in a manner worthy of his high character. The aspect of
Italy is too grave to be passed over in silence,
government, tyranny, and oppression have long exercised
their withering influences over the greater portion of
chat fair and fruitful soil. It is difficult to say how far
foreign countries are justified in attempting to enforce
iberal ideas or institutions upon other States. The ex-
perience of our days, since the time of Canning, shows
out little advantage in the propagation of institutions un-
suited to foreign people. Intervention, as a general
orinciple, is most objectionable—and has usually been re-
warded with ingratitude by the very parties benefited.
It is to be hoped that the noble example of Sardinia may
pread, and that the fine countries—the seats of ancient
Liberty and refinement —the cradles of the arts and
ciences—and amongst the moat productive in the agri-
cultural riches of the earth, may partake in the general
spread of prosperity and happiness which a well regu-
lated liberty has given to other nations of the world.
This must be a work of time, and can hardly be Loped
for at the hands of the imbecile rulers who now posess
those countries. Danger to the peace of Europe may
arise out of this question, and serious complications
follow. But if France and England are united, and pur-
sue a vigorous and just policy, freat benefits will be the
inevitable consequences to those oppressed people, with-
out exciting the active sympathy of absolute govern-
ments. For these object, as well as others, I have
already pointed out that Ettgland must be in a position
to maintain and carry out, it necessary, by force of arras,
the great principles thus advocated. Gentlemen, I will
now turn to home affairs. During the last session of Par-
liament a great deal of activity wasexhibited at the com-
mencement, and a great variety of measures were intro -
duced ; but at the end we find a very small amount of
business actually done. When Parliament first met, the
attention of the Government and the country was di-
rected to the prosecution of the war. Peace came sud-
&oily upon us, and a universal suspension of busi
ness appeared to come over public men. The Go-
vernment prepared for a great struggle, had been
devising the means for placing the character of the
country upon the highest footing, when suddenly they
found themselves engaged in revising and diminish-
ing estimates, decreasing materially every branch of
the public expenditure, and in every way devising eco-
nomical measures. Our present Chancellor of the Ex-

chequer has accomplished the transition from a war to a
peace budget with consummate ability. His prudent
adjustment of the burtheus of the war by so small an
addition to the permanent debt, and a continuance of
BOMB necessary taxes, meet with very general support.
Whilst Parliament was sitting, and Min►sters were en-

gaged in the important arrange►uente brought about by
the peace, a❑ active, though d►scomfited, Opposition did
❑ot fail to add its feeble efforts to endeavour to embarrass

her Majesty's Government. Several motions were
brought forward with a view to these purposes, but in
all cases they were defeated ; and the policy of Lord
Palmerston was vindicat'd by large majorities iu the
House of Commons. Amongst the measures that were

checked was the Passing Tolls Bill, which was opposed
by powerful local interests, and referred to a select
committee. The measure itself is too good and equitable
to doubt its entire success next session. The Church
rate question, in which you take a deep interest, made
great progress. Sir W. Clay's bill passed a second
reading with a majority of 221 to 178. Its ultimate
success, however, was prevented by a proposal to intro
duce clauses, which had the effect of defeating it. Next
session the measure will be reintroduced ; and I trust
it will meet with success. Two measures of great public
utility were passed—namely, the Jolnt•Stock Companies
Bill, and the Partnership Amendment Bill, both having
important bearings upon commercial affairs. The Go-
vernment have intimated their intention to issue a pro-
gramme of all their proposed measures for next session,
by which time will be saved and due consideration given
to the progress of legislation. I have given to Lord
Palmerston's Government my cordial support, and shall
continue to do so. Although not possessing any great
amount of etrengtb, there is no party in which the coup
try has equal confidence. I think I may point to my
public conduct whilst your representative, and to all
the votes I have given in the House of Commone, as
being most precisely in unison with the opinions I ex-
pressed at the hustings when I sought your suffrages.
I shall pursue the wet course, and whenever the time
comes to solicit a renewal of your confidence (which
cannot be distant), I shall do so fearlessly, and in the
entire conviction that I have used the trust confided to
me with a due regard to national interests, your local
rights, and an honourable adherence to those opinions
which won me your support. You are aware to .t since
I have been in Parliament my inquiries and exertions
have been more especially directed to one question. 1
have always thought that it would he conducive to the
real interests of the country, and to the progress of sound
and useful legislation, that public men should, instead
of dabbling in many topics, c nfine their labours to
those subjects which have formed their serious study and
observation. Now it happens that my pursuits and
occupations for many years past, by very extensive tra-
vels and association in foreign 'countries, led me to pay

especial attention to international commerce, and to the
growth and use of wines as artic'es of agriculture and
commerce, their effects upon the human constitution as
stimulants, and the great results that might flow from
their introduction at a low duty upon those friendly
and reciprocal relations, which in the cause of
peace as well as national prosperity we desire
to maintain with other countries. You will have
seen that I have not failed every session to bring
the su t ject under the notice of the House of Commons,
and upon all public occasions, whether at home or
abroad, I have advocated the measure upon the
ounde4 principles of morality and political economy.
As a means of increasing the revenue I feel sure that it
would be very successfu!. It would, no doubt, diminish
the consumption of spirits', and +o my opponents argue
that it would damage the spirit merchant and the publi-
can ; my answer is, that those very parties would be
' fully indemnified by adopting the sale of wines, as in
other countries. We require all the cereal produce of
the country for the susteliance of the people. So that
the agricultural interest would gain by it. The malt-
Eters and brewers need have no alarm, for it has been
proved that a very increased consumption of beer is
consistent with wine at a cheap price in England, as in
former times. But the great result, the crowaing benefit
is the stimulus it would impart to our manufacturing
and shipping interests, in creating a demand for all
those articles which our working population can produce
superior in quality and cheaper in price than other count.
true Tale., for instance, the manufactures of the West
Riding, Leeds, Sheffield, and Bradford. Turn again to
Manchester and Birmingham, and the potteries of Staf-
fordshire; see what vast interests may be promoted by
opening ports to the free reception of those goods. Well,
I believe the way to accomplish this is by a judicious, a
gradual, and a large diminution of duty, not upon wines
only, but upon every article of foreign produce, which
can minister to the wants, necessities, or gratification of
the English people. And by so doing recollect that we
render the chances of war more remote. All nations
will hesitate to imperil the great fortunes and inter-
ests of their people embarked in commerce, spread
over the various nations of the world. Every mer-
chant ship that sails upon the ocean, every transac-
tion of interchange of produce between countries, are so
many links in the chain which bind us together in peace.
Upon these grounds, therefore, I think the question I
advocate has large and important bearings upon the
Prosperity of our country ; and in those views I am
supported by many able public men ; and I have found
in Francs, Belgium, Spain, and Portugal, amongst the
enlightened statesmen of those countries, strong sympa•
thies towards an increase of commercial relations by a
reduction of tariffs. It may have been gratifying to you
to have seen the reception given to me last month is the
south of France, as showing the sympathy which exists
between public men on both sides of the Channel on the
great principles of international amity and commerce.
One of the greatest of French statesmen presided upon
that occasion, M. Michael Chevalier, and gave expres-
sion to the noblest sentiments in proposing the health of
our gracious Sovereign, Queen Victoria. I feel per-
suaded that the Government of this country, following
the footsteps of Sir R. Peel, would do well, now that
we have peace, to reduce considerably all existing du-
ties upon foreign produce, wherever the principle of re-
c'procity can be obtained. I believe this to be one of
the most practical and expeditions means of increasing
the national revenue, and of lessening the burthens of
taxation. In 1840 the tariff comprised 1,052 articles on
which duty was levied. By Sir R. Peel's measure of
reform,' in 1842, and other minor reductions in 1846,
1847, and 1848, this long list has been reduced to 466.
Still it is found that our imports from foreign countries,
as well as revenue, increase largely. There is, cense.
queetly, every encouragement to pursue the same wise
course. Gentlemen, my efforts in Parliament, as before
the public, will be directed to a reduction of import
' duties and the closest commercial relations between
Great Britain and foreign countries. You will ever find
me also giving my best support to measures having for
their object the moral, social, and educational improve-
merit of the people.