biglam/hmd_newspapers huggingface dataset:
The Sun.
London, England, 1869-03-19

THE SUN, LONDON, FRIDAY EVENING, MARCH [9, 1F69.

JOINT-STOCK BANKS.

- .
Closing 1;,,,i1,. ~..
liare NAME. Paid. Price. done
10 Agra Limited, A all 12 121
al Di B lO 4 44
CO Albion
00 Alliance. Limited
20 Anglo-Austrian
20 Auglo-Egyptian, Lim all. 191 2 4 `.Ol
20 Anglo-Hungarian
20 Anglo-Italian 1866, limited 10 54 41
40 Australasian
20 Bank of British Colurnhia all 11 13
20 Do issuel at 2 pin , • 5 5 4
25 Bank of Egypt ............... 'all 36 Zs
20 Bank of Otago, Aim.
25 Bank of South Australia all 30 32
50 Bank of Victoria, Australia 25 87 39
10 Bank of New Zealand all 17 18
50 British North American
20 Chartered of India, A ustra-
Ha, and China
25 Chartered Mere. of India.
London, and China all 334 315
20 City
,e 12 121
100 Colonial
.3 Os 404
10 Consolidated, li in.
50 Delhi and London, lint ~, 25 ... •••
30 East London, lim
20 English and American, Mu 10 •• • •••
20 English Bank of Rio de Ja-
neiro. lim
20 English, , eottish, and Aus-
tralian Chartered
,4:81 Hong Kong and Shanghai all
11
171
6
Bank Corporation ..... all 31 35
231 Do
100 Imperial, lim ...... .
20 Imperial Ottoman lO 21 4 194
..5 lonian .......... all 25 '27
25 Do new......,...... 6 pr 1p
20 Lad Mortgage of India' lira 4 35 31
100 Do 5 p. e. Debs.lB6l, 30 all 76 75 7rl
30 London Banks of Mexico
and South America, lira. 20 6 4 161 4
100 London and Brazilian, liar. 45 82 28
20 Do new 74 61 54
100 London &River Plate, Him 40 10 12
25 Do new ilp 121
20 London Chart. of Australia all 2i4 24f
20 Lou 1.)11 and C0unty,,,,,,,,, 20 64 52 511
60 Do new iss at 20 pm,l3 p 1, 11 ..- ..
`..% !,°
-- London London Joint 5t00k...... . 1 31 ' 324 London and South Afrie'an al 0 11
00 Loudon &S.-Western, lim, 20 ... ---
15U London & Venezuela, lim... 124 ••
100 Loudon and Westminster. 20 64 66 855 4
100 Do Scrip, iss at 10 pm 2O Si 61
100 Merchant, lint
10 Metropolitan, lira.
100 Midland, lira
5 National of Australia
25 National of Liverpool, lira l5 3 1 d
100 National Provine. of Eiiii-'d 42 ... ...
10 Da -
.2,0 National.. 3O 46 48
20 New South Wales all 41 43
20 North-Western 74
25 Oriental Bank Corporation all 42 44 481
50 Prov inc. Bank. Corpo., lien. 10 6 3
100 Provincial of Ireland 25 87 69
10 Do new. all ... ...
100 Stand. of Brit. S. Africa, lira 25 15 11
100 Do issued at 6 pm. 10 ... ... .
25 Union of Australia all 47 43
100 Union of Ireland, Aim -2 .
50 Union of London l5 33 37 37
London, England, 1869-03-19

QAMARIT A N FREE HOSPITAL for WOMEN
and CHILDREN, Lower Seymour-street, Portman-
square. The only free Hospital for diseases of women.
2,746 patients were treated last month without letters of
recommendation. Subscriptions and donations are much
needed, and will be received by Messrs. Hatchard, Picca-
dilly; Sir Samuel Scott, Bart.; Messrs. Barclay, Coutts,
Glyn, Ransom ; and by the Secretary.
London, England, 1869-03-19

OMELESS BOYS OF LONDON.-FUNDS
aro earnestly solicited for the purchase of food and
clothing for the
126 boys on board the Chichester Training Ship.
150 boys in the Refuge, 9, Great Queen-street.
94 girls in the Refuges, 19, Broad-street, and Ealing
370 children.

£l5 will keep a boy or girl for one year.
Contributions received by the London and Westminster Bank
214, nigh Holborn, and 41, Lothbury, E. 0.; and by
WILLIAM WILLIAMS, Secretary.
No. 8, Great Queen-street, Lincoln's-inn-fie:3s.
London, England, 1869-03-19

WEST INDIES AND MEXICO.

Leave St. Nazaire on the 16th of each month for St.
Thomas, Havana, Vera Cruz, New Orleans, Porto Rico,
Haiti. Santiago de Cuba, Guadeloupe, Martinique.
JAPAN, NORTH AND SOUTH PACIFIC, AND

CENTRAL AMERICA (via Panama).
Leave St. Nazaire on the Bth of each month for Mar-
tinique, St. Martha (United States of Columbia), Colon,
Aspinwall (Isthmus of Panama), La Guayra, Porto Ca-
bello, Guadelonpe, Trinidad, Demerara, Paramaribo,
Cayenne, &c., Callao, Valparaiso, &c., San Jose, La Union,
San Francisco, China, and Japau. . _ _

Rand books, with full details of all the routes of this
company, can be bad of
STRINGER, pEMBBROKE, and Co.,
Agents, 8, Austinfriars, London, E.O.

KEATING'S COUGH LOZENGES.
The best and safest remedy for COUGHS.

IjEATING'S COUGH LOZENGES
relieves the difficulty of breathing in ASTHMA. F.old
retail by all Druggists.

HUNTING, SHOOTING, AND
FISHING.
THE STRONGEST MAN in the world cannot break
the ever-lasting Porpoise-skin Boot Laces made by
GILL AND CO.,
12, Brewer-street, Golden-square, London, W.
Price ls. per pair; by post, 14 stamps; six pairs, .55.
FRENCH DUB BING. T his invaluable composition
possesses the properties of preserving leather, rendering it
supple and waterproof. It is identically the same dubbing
as that used by the best curriers in Bordeaux. BOOTS,
SHOES, and HARNESS are particularly benefited by its
application.
Sold Wholesale and Retail by W. GILL and CO.,
Curriers and Leather Sellers, 12, Brewer-street, Golden-

square.
Price ls. 6d., 2s. 6d., and ss. per can.

THE BEST REMEDY FOR INDIGESTION.

NORTON'S CAMOMILE PILLS are confi-
dently recommended as s simple but certain
Remedy for Indigestion, which is the cause of nearly all
the diseases to which we are subject, being a medicine so
uniformly grateful and beneficial that it is with justice
railed the " Natural Strengthener of the Human Stomach.'
" Norton's Pills" act as a powerful tonic and gentle ape-
rient; are mild in their operation, safe under any cir-
iumstances, and thousands of persons can now bear testi-
mony to the benefits to be derived from their use, as they
have been a never-failing Family Friend for upwards of
20 years.
Sold in bottles at ls. lid., 2s. 9d., and lls. each, in
every town in the kingdom.
CAUTION.

Be sure to ask for " NORTON'S PILLS," and do not
be persuaded to purchase any of the various imitations
winch have sprung up in consequence of the success of
Norton's Camomile Pills."
London, England, 1869-03-19

FRIENDLESS AND FALLEN.-LONDON
FEMALE PREVENTIVE and REFORMATORY IN
STITIITION.
President—Rev. CANON DALE.
CONTRIBUTIONS for the support of the Homes in 1868 are ear-
nestly solicited, which may be sent to bankers, Messrs. Blon
gnat. Salt, and Co., 73, Lombard street, 1e..C.; Francis Nicholls,
Esq. (of the Committee), 14, Old Jewry Chambers, 1•:.C.
B. W. THOMAS Sec., 200, Euston-road, N.W.

THE LONDON SURGICAL HOME for
DISEASES and ACCIDENTS of WOMEN, for
the Reception of Gentlewomen and Females of Respect-
ability upon a weekly payment. Under the management
of Mr. Baker Brown.
The private medical attendants of the patients are
incited to visit them, and to moot in consultation before
treatment.
Full particulars can be obtained on application to the
Lady-Superintendent, 18, Stanley-terrace, Notting-hill,
W. ; or to Mr. Baker Brown, 136, Harley-street, w.
London, England, 1869-03-19

WESTMINSTER.

ROBBING HORSES OF THEIR PROVENDER.—JOhR James,
for many years a carman in the employment of the Ureat
Western Railway Company, was charged with stealing
161bs. of horses' provender, the property of the contrac-
tors.

---
Mr. Joseph Acason, Inspector of the Goods Depart-
ment, Great Western Railway, said that from informa-
tion 'received he went yesterday afternoon to a house,
No. 10, Dorset-place, Westminster, kept by a man
named Carmichael, and watched. Prisoner stopped there
with a van and went inside. He came out with an empty
sack, and witness stopped and questioned him. He had
been taking some sweepings into the house, but upon en-
tering a tub was found containing a bushel of horses' food.
It was that of the contractors, marked peculiarly with
coffee berries and red ink, and consisted of the usual food,
hay, maize, corn, chaff, oats, and barley.
He was sentenced to three months' imprisonment, with
hard labour.

AIARKE7 S-2 HIS 1311 Y.

LIVERPOOL COTTON MARKET.

March 19.—Sales probably 8,000 bales. Market quiet,
and unchanged.
SMITHFIELD AND LEADENHALL.
The dead meat trade is rather heavy, and prices are
slightly lower than yesterday.

BOROUGH, HOPS.
There is no change to report, the demand keeps sea-
sonably good, and prices firm, quantity offering limited.

OLDHAM ELECTION INQUIRY.—The result at the
close of the Oldham scrutiny yesterday was 30 votes
struck off the re f•pondent's list, and 24 off the petitioner's,
and ono added OD each side, thus placing lieeors. Platt
and Cvlbott at 4
London, England, 1869-03-19

THE REVENUE OFFICERS BILL.

The division list on the second reading of the
Devenue Officers Bill shews that the minority con-
sisted of 33 Conservatives and 55 Liberals, whilst
the majority was mainly composed of the supporters
of the Government. Among the Conservatives who
voted against the second reading were Mr. Adderley,
Mr. Stephen Cave, Mr. Henley, Earl Percy, Mr.
Newdegate, Mr. ohnston (Belfast), and Colonel
Wilson-Patten. The chiefs of the Conservative
party were not present. The members for Hull,
Southampton, Devonport, Portsmouth, and Glou-
cester went with the minority. All the members of
the-Government voted against the further progress
'of the bill.
London, England, 1869-03-19

CAMDRIDGE LOCAL EXAMINATIONS.

Mr. Daymond, head master of the Albert Middle-
class College at Framlingham, makes a complaint,
which appears to be well-founded, respecting the
Cambridge examinations. He thinks that too great
a quantity of work is demanded from the students,
especially in modern languages, and the consequence is
that they fail to do it properly. The report of the
syndicate upon the December examinations has just
been issued, and it censures very strongly the
French of the junior boys. " The syndicate
regrets," so runs the report, "to find the report
of the examiners on the work done by the
boys even more unfavourable than that of last year.
Of the juniors who attempted it, one-third
failed to pass, while, on the whole, less than one in
thirty obtained marks of distinction." One examiner
asserts that a large number of papers are sent up
which are nearly, if not entirely, worthless. Mr.
Daymond, who has no reason personally to
complain, as his own pupils were remark-
ably fortunate, points out that the amount
of French and German translation demanded from
the boys is unreasonable. Last year the junior boys
had to translate the " Histoire, d'un Conscrit," 310
pages, into English, besides answering questions on
grammar and parsing, and putting some English
into French. The senior German students had to
translate two books of Schiller, containing 352
pages, answering the questions on historical
allusions and grammar, as well as ren-
dering some extracts from other German authors
into English, and translating some English into
German. Considering that modern languages are
by no means the only subjects for examination. Mr.
Daymond's suggestion that the amount of work given
out under these heads should be reduced one-half, is
wise.
London, England, 1869-03-19

TITE DEMONSTRATION ON COOD FRIDAY.

The Reform League is defunct; but its works live
after it is dead. The last thing it was about to do
was to hold a demonstration on Good Friday. Mr.
Ernest Jones was a reformer after the Reform
League's own style, and his death was intended
to be commemorated by processions from
various parts of the metropolis, marching to
Trafalgar-square, and there listening to oratory
,on the rights of man and political equality.
But those who live in and around Trafalgar-square
have a horror of an assembly of roughs, especially
on such a day as Good Friday. Colonel Henderson,
too, objects to the law being broken which declares
all political meetings held within a mile of Parlia-
ment House during sessions to be illegal. So it is said
that he will prohibit the meeting. The advisability
of any such political demonstrations has been
doubted ; but to meet for the purpose of blustering
under the name of doing honour to the dead
appears to us absurd, and to outrage the feelings of a
large proportion of the public by choosing such a
day for parading the streets of London is most
reprehensible. The League, it is now stated, will go
to Hyde Park to hold their meeting. It is to be
hoped there will be no conflict with the authorities,

NEW LAW ON CIIU=C'cI,RATES.
A meeting of clergy end churchwardens of parishes
in the archdeaconry of Worcester has lately been
lield to discuss the future course of action under the
Compulsory Church Rate Abolition Act. In most
urban parishes church rates have been for some time
practically abolished, and the necessary expenses
have depended on voluntary contributions, not very
liberally given in some cases. In the rural parishes
little difficulty has been experienced in collecting the
church rate. It was finally recommended that
wherever rates had been levied under the old law,
they should be continued under the new, but that
when the voluntary principle had been already
introduced, it should not be departed from for the
future.
London, England, 1869-03-19

TUNELL.

7 THE SEA.

A scheme has been proposed for uniting Ireland art
Scotland, so as to do away with the necessity of making
sea passage altogether. The entrance to the railwaytunnel.
-by which it is to be accomplished, on the Irish side is to be
from a point about midway between Cushenden and Cushen.
dall, on the coast of Antrim, and on the Scotch side ai
Glenstrone, from whence itwould run through the head of
the Mull of Cantyre. The total length of the tunnel uncles
water would be 14 miles 3 furlongs, and it is said that the
ground through which it would have to be made is
exactly suited for tunnelling operations, and the sandstone
for lining it can be had in any quantity on the
Irish side. It is proposed to construct the tunnel
for a single line only, the extreme depth being
twenty - one feet, and the clear width at the
level of the rails fifteen feet. It is proposed, however,
to lay down three lines of rails to accommodate wide
and narrow-gauge carriages. The gradient at the entrance
of the tunnel on the Irish side would be one in sixty
for about five miles; it would then fall to one in eighty.
two for about half that distance, and to one in seven
hundred and seventy-three for about five miles in the
centre of the tunnel under the water, rising from that to
One in two hundred and seventy-two, then to one in one
hundred and thirteen, then to one in sixty for about the
same distance as on the Irish side, which continues
to the entrance of the tunnel on the Scotch side.
The estimated time that would be occupied in completing
the tunnel is, allowing for all contingencies, under
six years, and the cost under four and a quarter millions.
To pay a dividend of 5 per cent. the weekly earnings must
be £42 per mile, and an estimate is appended to chew that
the gross earnings would be largely in excess of this
amount, and that the mineral resources of the land in the
immediate vicinity of the Irish end of the tunnel would
be immensely developed. Nobody will be disposed to deny
that a railway communication between the two countries
would be a very desirable thing if it can be accomplished.
—Cassell's Magazine.
London, England, 1869-03-19

THE "SUN" NEWSPAPER.-G. R. GLENIE,
Sporting Library, 4. Connaught-terrace, Edgeware-road.
felivers the LATH' vDITION of "THE SUN" at the earliest
ossible moment after leaving the press. He is able to deliver
_ _

copies in Town, the Su nu- s, and in many parts of the country
at a comparatively early hour the same evening, say 40 miles by
9.45 o'clock _

Orders by post punctually attended to

THE THIRD EDITION OF " THE SUN,"
giving all the SPORTING NEWS of the day, may he seen
st .TEM NTO‘ 'S house, "The Swan and Horse Shoe,"
Little Britain, City, E.C.

rim LATEST EDITION of " THE SUN " to
be seen Every Evening by 8 10 at Mr. ROBERT MEACOCK'S,
Britannia, Mensal New-town,

THE LATEST EDITION of "THE SUN.'
J. HJLIVIES begs to inform his friends and the public
ren(rally that he supplies the LATEST EDITION of "THE
SUN " as soon as published.—No. 10, Hampstead-road N.W.

THE LATES I EDITION of " THE SUN'
11 supplied Rs soon as published. containing all the LATEST
JEWS and SPORTING INTELLIGENCE, by II W HARRIS,
qewspaper Agent, 4, Blackfriars-road, London, S.
London, England, 1869-03-19

ANGLO - AMERICAN TIMES,
AN INT ERNAT LON AL NEWSPAPER,
Devoted to American Intelligence, ENLARGED to 21
PAGES. Reports of Con2reas, Personal, Financial, Mining,
Railroad, &a Members of P;zliarnent, Commercial Men,
and those having an intere.,t in the United States, within
this newspaper of use.
Published every SATURDAY MORNING, price 9d.
15. Catherine-street. Strand.

C()MPENSATION IN C ASE OF INJURY,
AND
A FIXED SUM IN CASE OF DEATH
Caused by ACCIDENT OF Ay
NY JUthe NO, may be secured by a
Polic of
RAILWAY PASSENGFRS ASSURANCE COMPANY.
An Annual Payment of £3 to £6 ss. insures £l,OOO at Death,
and an Allowance at the rate of £6 per week for Injury.
RAILWAY ACCI I RENTS ALONE may be provided against
by Insurance Tickets for Single or Double Journies.
For particulars apply to the Clerks at the Railway Stations, to
the Local Agents, or at the Offices, 54, CORNIIILL and 10, REGENT
STREET, LONDON.
WILLIAM J. VIAN, Secretary.
London, England, 1869-03-19

TUNELL

THE SEA.

A scheme has been proposed for uniting Ireland anc
Scotland, so as to do away with the necessity of making s
sea passage altogether. The entrance to the railway tunnel.
by which it is to be accomplished, on the Irish side is to be
from a point about midway between Cushenden and Cushen.
dall, on the coast of Antrim, and on the Scotch side al
Glenstrone, from whence itwould run through the head of
the Mull of Cantyre. The total length of the tunnel untie/
water would be 14 miles 3 furlongs, and it is said that the
ground through which it would have to be made is
exactly suited for tunnelling operations, and the sandstone
for lining it can be had in any quantity on the
Irish side. It is proposed to construct the tunnel
for a single line only, the extreme depth being
twenty - one feet, and the clear width at the
level of the rails fifteen feet. It is proposed, however,
to lay down three lines of rails to accommodate wide
and narrow-gauge carriages. The gradient at the entrance
of the tunnel on the Irish side would he one in sixty
.for about five miles ; it would then fall to one in eighty.
two for about half that distance, and to one in seven
hundred and -seventy-three for about five miles in the
centre of the tunnel under the water, rising from that to
one in two hundred and seventy-two, then to one in one
hundred and thirteen, then to one in sixty for about the
same distance as on the Irish side, which continues
to the entrance of the tunnel on the Scotch side.
The estimated time that would be occupied in completing
the tunnel is, allowing for all contingencies, under
six years, and the cost under four and a quarter millions.
To pay a dividend of 5 per cent. the weekly earnings must
be £42 per mile, and an estimate is appended to shew, that
the gross earnings would be largely in excess of this
amount, and that the mineral resources of the land in the
immediate vicinity of the Irish end of the tunnel would
be immensely developed. Nobody will be disposed to deny
that a railway communication between the two countries
would be a very desirable thing if it can be accomplished.
7-Cassell's dlagazine.
London, England, 1869-03-19

ViIEATRE ROYAL, ADELPIII.
Sole Proprietor and Manager, Mr. B. WEBSTER.
Directress. Mrs. Alfred Mellon.
THIS EVENING, a new farce, entitled & DAY'S FISHING.
Mr. G. T3elmore, Mr. C. H. Stephenson. Mrs. L. Murray, and Miss
Lennox Grey.
A.t 15 to 8, THE DEAD HEART: Mr. Benjamin Webster;
Mr Arthur Stirling, Mr. CI Belmore; Mr. R. Phillips, Mr. Ash-
ley, Mr. Stuart, Mrs. Alfred Mellon, Miss Lennox Grey, &c.
Commence at Seven.

I`l LOBE THEATRE-ROYAL.
Sole Proprietor and Manager, Mr. Sefton Parry.
At 7. A HAPPY FAMILY. 7.30, CYRIL'S SUCCESS. 9.'0,
BROWN AND THE BRAHMINS: Messrs. Marshall, Warner,
David fisher. Andrews, Hurlston, and J. Clarke; Inesdames C.
Thorne, L. Morgan, Brepnan, Fountain. Arnoli, Henrale, Be
rend, Hughes, and Stephens.
London, England, 1869-03-19

SPORTING INTELLIGI TNCE—This

VICTORIA CLUB BETTING-TlllB DAT.
CITY AND SITBURRAN.
10:to 1 agst Birthday (taken)
100 to 8 agst Drummer (taken end' offered)
100 to 7 agst Consternation (taken and wanted)
100 to 7 agst Poinsettia (offered)
20 to 1 agst Vagabond (taken and. offered)
20 to 1 agst Robespierre (offered)
25 to 1 agst Vacuum (offered)
33 to 1 agst Eastley (taken)
33 to 1 agst Michael de Basco (taken)
CHESTER CUP.
1000 to 80 agst Romping Girl (wanted)
100 to 6 agst King's Cross (taken)
30 to 1 agst Cecil (taken)
TWO T HOUSAND.

4 to 1 agst Belladrum (off —take 9 to n
20 to 1 agst King Cophetua (taken)
DERBY.
3to 1 agst Pero Gomez (offered)
10 to 7 agst Pretender (offered)
11 to 1 agst Belladrum (offered)

SPORTING INTEL LIGENOB.

WEST DRAYTON RACES-YESTERDAY.

IVEIt PLATE.

Clieddiugton
liaekler
Prebendal 's
OPEN BUNT CUP.

.... 1

Lymington
Vabalathus
Diadem
Seven ran.
MIDDLESEX HANDICAP.

Contempt .. 1
Honor
2
Actsea
..... 3

Six :an.
RAILWAY SELLING STAKES.

Marquis of Worcester....
Little Coates..
Hecla..

1
• 2
3
Eight ran.
SELLLNG RACE. 3 fur.

• Claymore
Heola
Priunila

Five rain.

SELLING HURDLE RACE.

Poleaxe 1
Wild Blood
2
Lady Lyon..
sine ran.
HURDLE RACE.

Lymington
Cromwell 2
Pakrita
_.

Five ran.

HORSES STRUCK OUT OF THEIR ENGAGE-
MENTS.

February 18 (to Mr. Richard Johnson, the judge) Scar-
rington out of the Pontefract Steeplechase.
March 11, at 9 a.m., Spruce out of all engagements; and
at 4 30 p.m., Ulphus out of all engagements.
March 12, at 5 30 p.m., Henrietta out of Althorp Park
Stakes, Northampton, and Hibernian out of Sweepstakes,
20 soya each, Northampton; and after 6 p.m., Leapfrog
out Grand Prize, Paris.

March 13, at 9 a.m., Ada Penelope and Parma out of
West Drayton Handicaps, all Mc Brayley's horses out of
Northampton engagements, and Vansittart out of North-.
amptonsbire Stakss ; at 2 p.m., Q.C. out of Open Steeple--
chase, Kingsbury, and Juryman out of Crewkerne engage..
ments.

March 15, at 9 a.m., :carte and Cattie out of North-
amptonshire Stakes; at 1 20 p.m., Hermitage, out of al
engagements, and Cocoa Nut and Romping Girl out 0
Northampton engagements.
London, England, 1869-03-19

MADAME RACHEL.

Poor Mrs. Sarah Levison, after faring sumptuously
. every day, and selling Sahara water and such like resto-
ratives of beauty to the highest in the land, has within the
last few months been receiving part punishment for her
swindling in the shape of being worried daily by bail,
solicitor, jury, and judge. She is now once again an
inhabitant of Newgate Prison. After several ineffectual
attempts had been made to shew that there was reasonable
ground for fearing that she was about to flee the country
and leave her bail chargeable, Mr. Lewis at length pro-
duced before Mr. Justice Mellor an affidavit made by Mr.
Stack, one of the bail, to the effect that he met Mr.
Norman (Madame Rachel's attorney), and he told him in
confidence that Madame Rachel was about to go.
Mr. Norman denied that he had said she was about to
abscond. Both Madame Rachel and her daughter corn-
p'ained of the treatment they Lad met with. Madame
Rachel said Mr. Stack had been paid £lOO out of the
money raised on the bill of sale, and then turned round on
her. Mr. Stack had been paid £l4O, and she produced a
receipt for 2100 in consideration of being bail, and for
services rendered.

His lordship said he had no alternative but to commit
on the affidavit until another bail was procured, or the writ
of error had been tried.

A question was raised whether the commitment should
be to Newgate or Millbank, from which latter place she
was discharged on bail. She implored that she might be
sent to Newgate. The learned judge sent his clerk (Mr.
Salmon) to the governor of Newgate, and subsequently
Madame Rachel was conveyed there.

Mr. T. L. Solomon writes to the Times :—" Having
seen in your paper an application by Madame Rachel's
bail to deliver her again into custody, I, being the
co-bail, beg to inform you that it was done without
my sanction, and that I was in no way concerned in that
application, as I do not believe Madame Rachel has any
idea of leaving the country."
London, England, 1869-03-19

AMBERT'S ASTHMATIC BALSAM.—AN
J EFFECTUAL REMEDY, without confining the
bowels or affecting the heal, truly efficacious and pleasant,
is admitted to be the best medicine for immediately re-
lieving coughs, colds, confirmed cases of asthma, and inci-
pient consumption. It frequently cures persons whom the
faculty pronounce incurable, and admirably allays the
ticking which provokes frequent coughing. In approach-
ing consumption its effects are truly beneficial. Persons
deprived of sleep, or even lying down for fear of suffoca-
tion, may depend on relief in a few minutes after taking it.
Prepared only and sold by W. LAMBERT, Chemist, 8,
King William-street, Charing-cross, Loudon, and by all
druggists, in bottles, 131 d., and three quantities in one,
2s. 9d. each. Be particular, and ask for Lambert, s Asth--
tnatic Balsam. The name and address aro engraved on the
stamp.

RUPTURES.—BY ROYAL LETTERS PATENT.
wHITE'S MOC-MAIN LEVER TRUSS
(Perfected and Exhibited in the Great Exhibitions
of 1851 and 1862) is allowed by upwards of Five Hundred
Medical men to be the most effective invention in
the curative treatment of HERNIA. The use of a steel
spring, so often hurtful in its effects, is here avoided—a
soft bandage being worn round the body, while the requi-
site resisting power is supplied by the Ifoc-Main Pad and
Patent Lever, fitting with so much ease and closeness that
it cannot be detected, and may bo worn during sleep. A
descriptive circular may be bad, and the truss, which can-
rot fail to fit, forw%rdei by post, on the circumference of
the body, two inches below the hips, being sent to the
manufacturer,
Mr. JOHN WIIITE, 228, Piccadilly, London.
A Single Truss, IGs., 215., 265. Gd., and 31s. Gd. Postage,
is. A Double Truss, 31s. Gd., 425., and 525. Gd. Postage,
ls. Bd. An Umbilical Truss, 425. and 525. 6d. Postage,
Is. 10d.
Post-office Orders to bo made payable to John White,
Post-office, Piccadilly.

NEW PATENT
ELASTIC STOCKINGS,
-.4 KNEE-CAPS, &c., for Varicose Veins and all cases
of Weakness and Swolling of the Legs, Sprains, &c. They
aro porous, light in texture, and inexpensive, and aro
drawn on like an ordinary stocking. Price 4s. 6d., 7s. 6d.,
10s., and 16s. each. Postage, Gd.
JOHN WHITE, Manufacturer, 228, Piccadilly.
London, England, 1869-03-19

THE DESERVE AND AUXILIARY FORCES.

" Hippopbylax," writing to the Times, argues for
a reform of our military reserve. Of the auxiliary
forces, the Militia and the Volunteers, he apparently
takes little count. They are miserably deficient in
organisation, and their connection with the regular
army is merely nominal. But something might be
made out of the reserve force. Hitherto it has
proved a total failure. "And no wonder," says the
correspondent, " for, except under special eases, if
men are good men they will find the army too com-
fortable •to leave it to enter a reserve, if they are
the intention of doing so when called out
In continental States, where a conscription is in
force, men are glad to enter the Reserve, as the pay
and comforts of the regular service are very infe-
rior ; in this country, where enlistment is voluntary,
men who wish to make the army a profession, will, as
a rule, prefer to stick to it than to be sent into a
Reserve after a few years' service. In the opinion of
" Ilippophylax " if the Military Reserve Act were
really put properly into execution, if commanding
officers of Militia were allowed only to have require-
ments of a certain strength, but to enlist as many
supernumeraries as they could as Militia Reserve
men, we might soon have a Reserve numerically suffi-
cient to fill up the battalions in England to a war
strength, though other measures must be taken to
preserve them at that strength even through one
campaign.
London, England, 1869-03-19

TIIE HUDSON'S DAT TERETTOtT.

The terms which Earl Granville offers to the Huth ol's
Bay Companykare not put forward as the basis of future
negotiation. Ills proposal is really an ultimatum. If
either the company or the Government of the Dominion
reject it, the Colonial Secretary must procure "an authori-
tative decision as to the rights of the Crown and the com-
pany, and with this object he will recommend herlllajesty
to refer their rights for examination to the Judicial
Committee of the Privy Council, whose decisions will form
a basis for any future legislation or executive action which
her Majesty's Government may find necessary." Some
fear is expressed in commercial circles that Lord Granville's
offer will not he accepted at the meeting of the company.
But itis clear that in any case the end of the question is at
band.
London, England, 1869-03-19

TEE UNIVERSITY TESTS BILL.

Mr. -Adis, the :senior wrangler of 1801, writes to
the Daily News as one of the oldest Nonconformist
resident members of the University of Cambridge,
giving his opinion on the University Tests Bill. He
considers that the speech of Sir Roundell Palmer in
the debate of Monday was not very satisfactory because
it sheaved a " strange misapprehension" of thedemands
of _Nonconformists. He thinks that the bill which
has been introduced by Sir J. Coleridge will afford
general satisfaction to the dissenters throughout
England, but this feeling would be changed
into dislike if Sir R. Palmer's last amend-
ment were appended. They would look upon
the declaration which it exacts from all professors in
the University as most insulting; and Nonconformists
would rather wait for years than agree to such a
Provision.
London, England, 1869-03-19

MADAME RACHEL.

Poor Mrs. Sarah Levison, after faring sumptuously
every day, and selling Sahara water and such like resto-
ratives of beauty to the highest in the land, has within the
last few months been receiving part punishment for her
swindling in the shape of being worried daily by bail,
solicitor, jury, and judge. She is now once again an
inhabitant of Newgate Prison. After several ineffectual
attempts had been made to shew that there was reasonable
ground for fearing that she was about to flee the country
and leave her bail chargeable, Mr. Lewis at length pro-
duced before Mr. Justice Mellor an affidavit made by Mr.
Stack, one of the bail, to the effect that he met Mr.
Norman (Madame Rachel's attorney), and he told him in
confidence that Madame Rachel was about to go.
Mr. Norman denied that he had said she was about to
abscond. Both Madame Rachel and her daughter corn-
p'ained of the tze.ttment they had met with. Madame
Rachel said Mr. Stack had been paid £lOO out of the
money raised on the bill of sale, and then turned round on
her. Mr. Stack had been paid £l4O, and she produced a
receipt for £lOO in consideration of being bail, and for
services rendered.

His lordship said he bad no alternative but to commit
on the affidavit until another bail was procured, or the writ
of error had been tried.

A question was raised whether the commitment should
be to Newgate or Millbank, from which latter place she
was discharged on bail. She implored that she might be
sent to Newgate. The learned judge sent his clerk (Mr.
Salmon) to the governor of Newgate, and subsequently
Madame Rachel was conveyed there.

Mr. T. L. Solomon writes to the Times :—"Having
seen is your paper an application by Madame Rachel's
bail to deliver her again into custody, I, being the
co-bail, beg to inform you that it was done without
my sanction, and that I was in no way concerned in that
application, as I do not believe Madame Rachel has any
idea of leaving the country."
London, England, 1869-03-19

MR.. ESICELL, SURGEON DENTIST, of 8, Grosve-
nor-street, W., the Author of " MO DERN DENTISTRY:
its Principles and Practice." "PAINLESS TOOTH EXTRAC-
TION, or Anesthesia Locally Applied," dm., at home for
CONSULT ATIO D LILY, at his ONLY Residence, 8, GROSVE-
NOU-STREET (a few doors from Bond-street).
London, England, 1869-03-19

LICENSED VICTUALLERS' G UADDIAN.

R. GLENIE, of the SPORTING LIBRARY,
G• 4, Connaught-terrAce, Hyde-park. London, IV., begs to
inform his customers, and the Licensed Victuallefs in general,
that he has been appointed Agent to the above-named paper in
addition to his agency for the Sporting Edition of " THE Sus,"
and can supply the same on Friday evening, if requited, in town
or count.

G. R. (1:' begs to infirm the Trade that he is Agent for the
EDITION f • THE SUN," and can supply it carlicr
then any other man in London or Country the evening of publi-
cation. No connection with any other persons. Baily's, Ruff's,
and M'Call's Guides. All the Daily Papers, Magazi
and Periodicals as soon as published. Agent for the Joint-Stock
Coal Company. Orders by post attended to. nes,

riE LATE EDITION of "THE SUN " at
J. SMITH'S, I. Bow-street, Covent-garden.

riIHE LATE EDITION of "THE SUN" at
11 W. SMITH'S "Camden Stores," 78, Park-street, Camden

town.

rrHE LATE EDITION of " THE SUN' at
It. JAMES SPEEDY'S, "The Wellington," Wellington-street,
Strand.

THEATRE-ROYAL DRURY- L A NE.
dole Lessee and Manager, Mr. F. B. Chattcrton.
THIS EVENING, at 7. GIRLS OF THE PF,RIGD. Followed by
OTHELLO: Mr Phelps, Mr Charles Dillon. Concluding with
BEDA.

THEATRE-ROYAL. HAYMARKET.
Tins EVENING, RAI- ING THE WIND: Messrs. Kendal
Buckstone. jun., Mis 4 Laws, &c. Afier which, HOME: Sothern.
Chippendale. &c. ; Mesdames Cavendish. Burke. &c Followed
by BOX AND COX. Concluding with MY HUSBAND'S
G uOST. Corarnenef, at 7.

PRINCESS,S THEATRE.
Sole Lessee and Manto,er, Mr. Vininct.
TFITSEVENINCI. at 7, to commence'with THE SECRET. At a
quarter to 8, MARIE ANTOINETTE: Mr W. Rignold, Mr.
G. Shore, Mr. Dominick Murrt.y; Mdlle. Beatrice. Conclud-
ing with A CUP OP TI'A: M dile. Beatrice

THEATRE-ROYAL, ADELPHT.
Tills EVENING, at 7, A DAY'S FISHING. Mr. G. l3elmore,
Mr Stephenson. Mrs. L. Murray and Miss Lennox ~Grey. At 15
to 3, THE DEAD HEART. Aiessrs. Ben. Webster, A. Stirling,
G. Belrnore, R. Phillips, Ashley, Stuart; Mrs. Alfred Mellon,
Miss Lennox Grey, &e.

ROYAL STRAND THEATRE.
Sole Lessee and Manageress. Mrs. Swanborough.
IIITS EVENING.at 7.30, THE WID( ,W HUNT. Messrs. Bel-
ford, Clarke : Miss Buft,n. TtiE FIELD 0 F THE C LOTH
OF GOLD : Messrs. Thorne, James, Fenton; v'esdames Maria
Longmore, B. Goodall, I ydia Maitland, Claire, and Hughes. To
conclude with HUE AND DYE

GLOBE THEATRE-ROYAL.
Trn EVENLY(, at 7. A HAPPY FAMILY. 7.30, CYRIL'S
SUCCESS. 9.40, BROWN AND THE BRAHMINS: Messrs.
Marshall,Warner, David Fisher, Andrews, ITurlstone, J. Clarke;
Nlesdarnes Tienrade, C: Thorne, Brennen, Berend, Hughes, Ar-
sold, and Stephens

QUEEN'S THEATRE, LONG-ACRE.
Manager, Mr. W. H. Liston.
TFITS EVENING. A RACE FOR A DINNER. After which,
NOT GUILTY: Messrs. J. L. Toole, Lionel Brongh , H. Irving,
S. Fmery. Miss Hodson. &c. Concluding with THE BIRTH-
Pk LACE OF PODGERS: Mr. Toole.
London, England, 1869-03-19

LICENSED VICT 17A L LENS' G UAIMIAN.

R. GLENIE, Gf the SPORTING LIBRARY,
Cit •4, Connaught-terrace, Hyde-parr.
London, W., begs to
inform his customers, and the Licensed Victuallers in general,
that he has been appointed Agent to the above named paper
addition to his agency for the Sporting Edition of "TUB Suet,"
and can supply the same on Friday evening, if required, in town
or country.
G. 11. G begs to inform the Trade that he is Agent for the
LATEST EDITION of "THE SUN," and can supply it earlier
than any other man in London or Country the evening of publi-
cation. No connection with any other persons. Bally's, Huffs,
Wright's, and M'Call's Guides. All the Daily Papers, Magazines,
and Periodicals as soon as published. Agent for the Joint-Stock
Coal Company. Orders by post attended to.
London, England, 1869-09-17

DOG LICENSES.-CAUTION.

THE COMMISSIONERS of INLAND RE-
X VENUE GIVE NOTICE that all DOG LICENSES
granted in the year 1868 expired on the 31st December
last, and every person keeping a dog in the current year is
required forthwith to take out a new License.
The duty payable for each dog kept is Five Shillings.
The penalty for keeping a dog without License is Five
Pounds.
A License is not transferable from one person to
another.
A License may be obtained by the owner giving his
name and address, and the name of the place where the
dog is kept, on application at
The Office of the Collector of Inland'
In the neigh-
Revenue,
our ' b hood of the
The Office of the Distributorof Stamps }
Or , applicant's re-
A Money Order Post Office. 3 sidence.
Licenses will also be granted by the several Supervisors
of Inland Revenue.

Persons residing at a distance from any of the above
offices, by t nsmitting with their application Inland
Revenue (Receipt) or Postage Stamps for the proper
amount of duty, to the Collector of Inland Revenue for
the Dis iict, will receive a license in return by post.
WM. COBBET T, Secretary.
London, England, 1869-09-17

ITOSPITAL for DISEASES at the THROAT,
Golden-square, W.
President—Ms Grace the Duke of GRAFTON.
The Committee of Management earnestly APPEAL for
FUNDS to help them to meet the heavy current expenses.
Upwards of 18,000 poor persons have been relieved in the
last six years.

GEORGE WOOD, Secretary.
London, England, 1869-09-17

LONDON FEVER HOSPITAL is the only
institution in the Metropolis for tho treatment and
prevention of contagious fevers.
CONTRIBUTIONS Will be gratefully received by n Messrs. Dimsdale and Co., 50, sJornhill; Messrs. Drum-
mond, Charing-cross; Messrs. Coutts, Strand ; Messrs.
Hoare, Fleet-street ; and by the Secretary, at the Kospital,
Liverpool-road, Islington, N.

SEAMEN'S HOSPITAL (the Dreadnought), off
Greenwich, for Sick and Diseased Seamen of All
Nations, who aro received without any recomendation.
The Committee require upwards of £4,500 annually
from voluntary bounty to meet the expenditure of this
Hospital.

SUBSCRIPTIONS will be most thankfully received by
Messrs. Williams, Deacon, and Co., bankers, Birchin-
lane ; and at the Society's offices, 86, King William-street,
E.C., by

. -
S. KEMBALL COOK, Secretary.
Qualification for a Governor, 21s. annually ; Life
Governor, £lO 10s.
London, England, 1869-09-17

TIIE VACCINATION QUESTION.

Dr. Seaton, senior medical inspector of the Privy
Council, sends an important letter to Mr. Vaughan,
the Bow-street magistrate, with reference to vaccinam
tion. The letter was called forth by the case of the
child Hudson, whose mother declared it had been in-
jured in health by vaccination. Dr. Seaton states
that in all such cases as that of Alice Hudson
official inquiry is always made, and he made
such inquiry on this occasion. He denies that
the child Hudson could have been infected from the
lymph source, as it was from a very healthy child,
" entirely free from any cutaneous eruptions, or any
ailment whatever." Hudson was a " flabby, delicate
child." It was not till two days after ;vaccination,
and, consequently, not for a full week after the
actual phenomenon of vaccination had subsided that
an eruption came out on the child. Dr. Seaton
attributes this eruption to the child's ill nourished
condition. These facts are (he considers) sufficient
to shew that the child could not have been infected
from the lymph source. He states, however,
his opinion that it would have been better
to have deferred vaccination in the delicate
tfltte of health of the child. It will be remembered
that the vaccination was done by the assistant of the
parish medical officer, and this, Dr. Seaton thinks,
should not have occurred. Mr. Vaughan sent for
the mother of the child Hudson, and explained the
purport of this letter to her. It is especially impor-
tant at this time, when popular ignorance is threaten-
ing to destroy the valuable labours of Jenner, that
vaccination should be administered by competent and
responsible persons.
London, England, 1869-09-17

BRAZILIAN DESPATCHES.

The Patnie, in giving the latest accounts of the war in
South America, ridicules the Brazilians for the ignorance
displayed in their despatches. In their anxiety to record
victories which only exist in their imagination, they
have represented their fleet as attacking Pereheby, a little
inland town which is Lopez's temporary capital.
London, England, 1869-09-17

THE LATE GALE,

A curious effect of the gale which raged on Nil.-
day and Monday has been noted at Winterbourne,
near Bristol. The leaves of elms and other trees
and shrubs were all blackened and withered on the
weather side, as if from severe black frost or intense
heat, while on the lee side no injury is perceptible.
They also tasted strongly of brine. Winterbourne
is upwards of ten miles from the sea, and the only
way in which these strange effects are accounted for
is by suppposing the hurricane to have been a sirocco
wind which in its course across the Channel must
have taken up and carried inland considerable
quantities of sea water. This view is substantiated
by the fact that during the storm, in some places in
the neighbourFood, windows wore slightly coated
with salt.
London, England, 1869-09-17

TILE AIIISTRLOT

The recent disturbances which have prevailed through.
out flohemia, have now extended to Austrian Poland. It
is thought probable that the Emperor will visit Cracow in
the course of the autumn. The elections to the
Diet of Lemberg have produced considerable agitation
in Galicia, and it is thought likely that the Democratic
party will carry the day. If they should do so, it is
expected they will follow the example of Hungary in
former days, and, refusing to send deputies to the Vienna
Beichsrath, demand a national Parliament. M. Giskra,
the Minister of the Interior, has been consulting the pro-
vincial governors as to the most advisable measures for
repressing the disturbances which have arisen in many
parts of the empire. The governors suggest that a law of
public safety should be immediately passed and rigorously
applied to all foreigners resident on Austrian territory
who may bo supposed capable of fomenting disorder. The
recent troubles at Trieste are believed to be the origin of
this suggestion.
London, England, 1869-09-17

AT a GENERAL COURT of PROPRIETORS
held at the BANK of ENGLAND, on Thursday,
the 16th September, 1869:
RESOLVED,—
That the best thanks of this Court be given to
the Governor, Deputy-Governor, and Court of
Directors of the Bank of England, for the great
attention they have paid to the interests of the
Corporation during the past half-year.
ORDERED,—
That the foregoing Resolution be advertised.
HAMMOND Cf3UBB,
Secretary.
London, England, 1869-09-17

THE SUN, LODON, FRIDAY EVENING, SEPTEMBER 17, 1869.

.attended with" an Incalculable amount or =mum to
Ireland,

CRUELTY TO CATTLE.

The letter of Miss Burdett Coutts, suggesting
'systematic education for the humane treatment of
animals," has called forth a communication from the
Secretary of the Royal Society for the Prevention of
Cruelty to Animals, in which it is stated that
the society does not neglect to prosecute
offenders who maltreat foreign cattle on
landing on our soil. There are, however,
many difficulties in the way of securing convictions,
and the magistrates occasionally appear to take very
curious views of the matters brought before them.
As an instance, the Secretary mentions that he
charged a ruffian with hitting a bullock a tremendous
blow upon the hock with his bludgeon, which caused
the wretched animal to reel and drop upon
the ground, as though felled with the poleaxe.
While pitying the bullock, the magistrate dismissed
the summons, saying that drovers had a difficult
task to perform in driving bullocks of foreign breed,
and unacquainted with our language! To the sug-
gestion of Miss Coutts, the Secretary entreats the
public to give every possible support, and aslis the
ladies to form a " Ladies Humane Society.' One
work which such a society could at once undertake
would be to distribute 25,000 copies of the
Animal World, a new publication for children, which
the society is about to issue for the purpose of incul-
cating in their minds, as Miss Coutts suggests,
" principles of humanity towards animals, and a
knowledge of their structure, treatment, and value to
man," by means of stories and other amusing litera-
ture. Not the least important item contained in the
secretary's letter is the announcement " that 04
Government had a bill in contemplation upwards of
three months ago, which will probably be intro..
duced next session of Parliament, for the regulation
of railway carriages and steamboats engaged in the
transit of animals."
London, England, 1869-09-17

THE HOSPITAL for WOMEN, Soho-square.
—Bankers : Messrs. Barclay, Bevan, and Co.;
Messrs. Ransom, Bonverie, and Co.—The Corntnitteo
APPEAL very earnestly for CONTRIBUTIONS. The
Hospital is now open on 'Mondays, Wednesdays, and Fri-
days to out-patients who are treated without letters of
recommendation.

HENRY B. INGRAM, Secretary.
London, England, 1869-09-17

SAUCE.—LEA and PERRINS.—SAUCE.
THE "WORCESTERSHIRE,"
pronounced by Connoisseurs
"THE ONLY GOOD SAUCE."
Its use improves appetite and digestion.
UNRIVALLED FOR PIQUANCY AND FLAVOUR.
BEWARE OF IMITATIONS,
To avoid which, see the names,
LEA and PERRINS, on all bottles and labels,
ASK for " LEA and PERRINS' " SAUCE.
Agents—Crosse and Blackwell, London, and sold by all
Dealers in Sauces throughout the World
London, England, 1869-09-17

rr„ E A PRE. R 0 YAL, DRURY- LANE.
Sole LeFi:oe and Manager, Mr. F. R. Clot tt.rton.
Tiffs EVENTNG, at', 71-FLI.I: Ot"1.111: ETIVEIEN.
At S, FORMOSA. new fimr-act Drama. by ItouoieAult:
Mos;,rA. Barrett. IT. trying, David Fisher. Brittsin Wright.
lioai-,e; Mr, Itillington,..2ilisars M. Itrenuan, Macdonald,
aft; liatharineßodgers.
To cunt hale with the farce of BORROWED PLUMES.

EAT lt E 110 YA L, AI)EI.PIII.
Sole Proprietor and Manager, Mr. B. WEBSTER.
Will Open for the Winter Season on WEDNESDAY, Sept 29,
with (never acted) LOST AT SEA: a London Story. By Dion
Boucicault and HenryJ. Byron. The new scenery by Messrs.
Hawes Craven, Maugham, and assistants.
London, England, 1869-09-17

BRITISH HOME FOR INCURABLES,
Clapham rise.
Instituted 1861.
PATRONESS.
Her Royal llighness the Princess of WALES.
TREASURERS.
George Moore, Esq.; Mr. Alderman Gibbons.
This Institution, extending its operations to all parts of
the kingdom, provides for those afflicted with incurable
diseases a home for life, with every comfort and medical
attendance. Patients are admitted, and annuities of £lO
obtained by election.
No person under 20
class, is eligible.
soyleicairtso age'
nor of the pauper
Full particulars and the necessary forms may bo pro-
cured from the Secretary. Donations and annual sub-
scriptions are earnestly ed.f

BANKERS.
Messrs Barclay, Bevan, and Co, Lombard-street, E C.; and

Alessi's. Drummond, Charing-cross, S.W.
EDWD. WEAVER, Secretary.
Offices, 73, Cheapside.
London, England, 1869-09-17

RUSSIAN RAILWAYS.

The Russians have in contemplation some very ambi-
tious projects for' the extension of their railways.
hitherto the lines have only run through the compara-
tively populous districts of the south, west, and centre of
the empire, but it is now proposed to invade the vast
solitudes of the north and east. There are about 5,400
English miles of railway open in Russia, and the greater
part of these have beta laid down within the last eight
years. During the next threo years 3,335 miles aro
expected to be completed, but there are other and much
more extensive schemes projected. The lines surveyed
during the past year and now about to ba commenced 011
extend over no less than 10,000 English miles. The new
lines in the South and West are to be run from Smolensk
to Brest Litovsk ; from Rostov on the Don to the
Central Caucasus ; and from Livna to Orel. In the East
they extend from Tiflis, the chief town of the Caucasus,
to Baku, on the Caspian Sea ; from Nijui-Novgorod to
Ekaterinburg, the frontier town of Siberia ; from Mor-
shansk to Orenburg, the frontier town of Tartary. The
northern lines will run from Yaroslavl to Vologda, and
from Viatka, a town some 300 miles to the north-east
of Nijni-Novgorod to Archangel. It will be noticed
that many of these lines run through hitherto unfre-
quented districts, and are believed to be chiefly incontem-
plation as a means of averting the risk of famine. This
they will do by bringing the distant and thinly populated
provinces in direct communication with the great centres
of trade and commerce. Some of them are also cal-
culated to strengthen the Russian position in Central
Asia.