The Sun.
London, England, 1856-03-22 00:00:00

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EASTER SUNDAY.—CHEAP EXCURSION to Oxford, -,`.' PI' 4. •
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.„.....„,;A: . i THE DANUBIAN PRINCIPALITIES.
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VitNNA, March I.7.—At Bucharest it is related
that when the Hosrpodar Stirbey retires from ofke
in May next. a Kaitnakam, or Turkish Commissary,
will be placed by the Porte at the head of the
Wallachian Administration, and the very idea of
such an encroachment on their privileges highly
exasperates the Wallachians. The rumour hasdoubt-
less been spread in order to serve the purposes of
one or other of the numerous candidates for the
Hospodariate, as it is difficult to suppose that the
Porte can intend to take a step which would make
the Wallachians latnent that the Russian protecto-
rate had been abolished. The question of the Danu-
bian Principalities will long occupy public atten-
tion, and, therefore, a brief summary of the various
offic;al documents which relate to the privileges of
the Danubian Principalities will nosy be given.
Tile oldest document, which bears the date of
1393, is a treaty- concluded between Bajazid 1.,
surnamed Ilderim, and Mirza, Prince of Wallachia.
Thetreaty, which was signed at Nicopolis, contains
5 ar
:_

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PO;

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specified.

:eta not

Vood 11
Park Gato 11

METROPOLITAN COUNTIES and
GENERAL LIFE ASSURANCE SOCIETY, 27, Regent
Btreet, Waterloo-place, London. Capital, 101,000/.

No. 19,9001

[PRICE 4D. STAMPED SD•

. .
TRUSTEES.
AL lin. Spencer H. Walpole, m.r. Richard Spooner, Esq., M.F.
Henry Peter Fuller, Esq. I E Vansittart Neale, Esq.
Life Assurance business transacted in all its brandies.
.Y. 13. The bonus declared at the last division of profits averaged
44 per cent, cn all the premiums paid.
F. FERGUSON CAMROUX, Manager.

lot'
iv
: 10
. lov,
, i

PUBLICATIONS.

Now and Revised Edition, 10s. 6d., bound,

ALATHIEL THE IMMORTAL.
By the Rev. GEORGE CROLY, LL.D.

MUTUAL LIFE ASSURANCE.
THE PROVIDENT.'CLERKS'
ASSOCIATION (Established IS HO offers to assurers of ell
classes in society every facility for Life Assurance on the Mutual
Principle, is all its branches, combined with unquestionable security
and a moderate scale of premiums.
5.180 Policies have already been effected, assuring an aggregate
amount of One Million Sterling.
Clerks are earnestly invited to examine the advantages conferred
1)7 membership of the Benevolent Fund of this Institution. For
Prospectuses, forms of proposal, &c., apply at the Chief Office, 15,
U"rgate-street, London, or to the agents of the Association.
Br order o' the Board.
WILLIAM THOS. LINFORD, Secretary.

t ... ~.. is
ten .., 11,',
h ... ... 101'
... 10 f,
9 1
11 .. '
. ... 10
dges ... q
rner ... 10 ',.
Park 10 ~.4
, Hollingto"n 10 d''
'S Green ... 10 4"
ed.
;tone Pits... 11 0 i
to Weld ... 11
... 11
...
amen ... 11
._
11 „ I ESTABLISHED 1837.
t Wa
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rren .. 10 '1
" IFIR ITAN N I A LIFE ASSURANCE
mse,Chollocklo 3 COMPANY.
~. 10 .45') 1, Princes-street, Bank, London.
t 0 '
•••
•10 Y DIRECTORS.
. Panpewered by Special Act of Parliament, 4 Vict.. cap. 9.
•
9
1 MaJor-General ALEXANDER. glaekheatb Park, Miamian.
•••
.., William Bardgett, Esq., 149, Fenchurch-street.
.. ... P. d George Bevington. Esq., Necifinger Mills Bermondsey.
Is ... .„ li f 14'. I'. Cockerill, Esq., Shadwell and Twickenham.
ark 11 1 George Collets. Esq., Shacklewell.
Millis Coventry, Esq., White Hart-court, Lombard-street.
rerney .., 10 John Drewett, Esq., 50, Cornhill.
idge 10 4' Erasmus Robert Foster. Esq., 1, Princes-street, Bank.
ckburgh ... 10 , T. S. Oirdler, Esq ,7, Tokenh use-yard.
10 P • R. L. Senate, Esq., Doctors' Commons
••• ••• 4 Erticurzqg COUNCIL.—II. Bellenden Rer, Esq., 8, Old-square,
i Castle ... 10 'l, Lincoln's Inn.
lull ... 9 v. - SoLicfrons.—Messrs. Mg.& d and ',terming, 16, London-street,
.. 10 P Fenchurch•street.
10 BAtutzes.—Messrs. Dimsdale, Drewett, Fowlers and Barnard,
.••
10 31 50, Cornhill.
.•. 10 ' n _lnoreasing Rates of Premium for securing Loans of Debts.
10 sllalf Premiums, only, required during first seven years.
... Sum assured payable at Sixty or at death if occurring previously,
10
''' 1/' Provision, during minority, for Orphans.
... 10 jot
10 ..T, -, , BRIVOTNIA. MITELIAL LIPS' ASSOCIATION
* 1 a 11, ..*.•••
.ii,‘,4,0 ,;
- ..- 3e -p;g ~rhec ma.testea BoyalLattets R."'ent.
10 d is divided annually.
• 10 r, premiums computed for every three months' difference of age.
10 .ii, the policies—the unpaid half premiums . liquidated out or
.iP .`l,l Profits.
10 ' --
10 g - (Prioramsay.) I (MUTUAL.)

"One of the most sp!cndid producti6ns among works of fiction
that the ago has brought forth."—Atheuxutn.
Hurst and I ilackett, Publishers, successors to Henry Colburn.

NEW NOVEL BY THE AUTHOR OF "WOMAN'S DEVOTION."
Now ready at all the libraries, In 3 vols ,
I,IARGARET AND HER BRIDESMAIDS,
v By the Author of " Woman's Devotion."
Hurst and Blackett, Fublishers, successors to Henry Colburn, P,
Great Marlborough-street.

"Art. 1. The Principality 'recently subjected by our
luvitscible force, shall be governed according to its own
laws and the Prince shall have the right to make war
and peace, and the power of life and death over his sub..
jects.

This day is published, In 2 vols., 21e.,
JOURNAL OF
ADVENTURES with tho BRITISH ARMY,
from the Commencement of the War to the Fall of Sebes-

" Art. 2. No Christians who, having adopted the Ma-
hommedan faith, shall go to Wallachia, and there return
to their original religion, shall be reclaimed or attacked.
" Art. 3. Wallachians who may go to any part of our
territories shall be exempt from captiiation or poll-tax.
"Arr. 4. The Christian Princes shell be elected by the
Metropolitan and the Boyards.
"Art. 5. But, in return for this great clemency, and
because we have inscribed this Prince Rayah in the list
with our other subjects,' he shall he obliged to pay every
year into our Imperial treasure 3,000 red piastres of the
country, or 500 silver piastres of our money."
The fifth article would seem to establish for the
Porte a right of sovereignty rather than of UM'.
rainete.
The second document it a %rarity kconeluded far.-.
1460 at Adrianople, between bfahomit IL and
Vlade V., Princv of Wallachia.
" Art. 1. The Sultan engages to protect Wallachia
against without exacting anything more-
than the supremacy over the, sovereignty (/a supresertie
cur souverainttel) of the Principality.' The Voivodes
shall be obliged to pay to the Sublime Porte a tribute of
6,000 piastres.
" Art. 2. The Porte will not meddle in the administra-
tion of the Principality, and no Turk shell be permitted
to enter Wallachia.' without an ostensible motive.'

By GEORGE CAVENDISLI TAYLOR, late 95th Regiment.
Hurst and Blackett, Publishers, successors to Henry Colburn.

THE HERTFORDSHIRE INCUMBENT.
Now ready. hi 1 vol. post Bvo . price 12s. cloth.
CONTEMPORARY MKMOIRS of RUSSIA,
from the Year 727 to 1744.

By Gknenl C. H. V. MAN STEIN,
An Officer of Distinction in the Russian Service._

First edited in English by David Hume; mid now re-edited, com-
pared with the original French, and Illustrated with brief Notes, by
A " HERTFORDSHIRE INCUMBENT."

London: Longman, Brown, Green, and Longmans.

Now ready, Second Edition, in 3 Tois ,

CLARA : or, Slave Life in Europe, with a
Preface.

n Moor

By Sir ARCHIBALD ALISON, Bart.

Athenmum.—" A novel that is calculated to amass Why novel
reader of any country."
Literary i4mzette.—" As a representstlon of modern life and man-
ner* on the continent it deserves the high place it has attained."
London Bentley, New Burlington-street.

Park ~

Park Gates 10
r Bridge ... 1«

Half Whole Half Quer-
.; premium premium First I for Re- Age. Annual ' Yearly tett,'
ipremitunl Pre- Pre-
Seven mainder
Years. I of Life.
........ 1 I 'Mum. mium.
,
............ .............. 1 ........
, I 4 s. .1.1 4 s. d.I Years. Months £ s. d., £ s. di £ s. c
' 1 1 9 2 3 6 30 0 1-2 7 3 1 4 2, 0 12
LO 1 9 2, 2 18 4' 3 11,2 7 6 1 4 4 0 12

" Art. 3. Every year an officer will be sent by the
Porte to receive the tribute.
" Art. 4. The Voivodes to be elected by the Metropo-
Ltan, the bishops, and the Boyardii and the election
to he recognised by the Porte.'
" Art. 0. The Wallachian nation to have its own laws.
The Voivodes to have the power of lite and death over
their subjects, and the right to make peace or war with-
out any kind of responsibility to the Porte.
" Art. 6. No renegades, who, having gone to Wal-
lechia, had there returned to the Christian Church, to
be reclaimed by any Ottoman authority.
" Art. 7. Wallachian subjects going to any part of
Turkey not to pay the poll-tax to which a all the other
Aayahs are subjected' (a, laquelle sont soumis les autres
Pa yes).

4 s. d.IZ 8. d.l
I 1 9 2 3 6,
1 9 2 2 18 4
2 2 61 4 5 0
3 6 81 6 13 4

Years. Months £ s. d.
30 0 7 31
3 11,2 7 6'
6 Iz2 7 10
92 8 2

s. (1.1 £ s. d.
1 4 '2, 0 12 3
1 1 4 4' 0 12 4
1 4 6 0 12 5
1 4 81 0 12 6

E. R. FORTv,R, Resident Director.
ANDREW FRANCIS, Secretary.

GUARDIAN FIRE AND LIF E
ASSURANCE COMPANY,
No. 11, Lombard-street, London.
DIRECTORS.

Art. S. If any Turk has a difference in Wallachia
With a native, it shall be settled by the Watlachian
Divan conformably to the laws of the Principality.
" Art. 9. Turkish merchau's going to the Principa-
lity t buy cr sell goods to announce to the authorities.
how long they intend to stay, and to leave when the
time fixed is at an end.

FRANCIS HART DYKE, Esq., Chairman.
HENRY HULSE BERENs, Esq., Deputy-Chairman.
John Dixon, Esq. .stewart Marjoribanks, Esq.
Bir W. M. T. Farquhar, Bart. John Martin, Esq., M.P.
Sir Walter R. Farquhar, Art. Rowland Mitchell, Esq.
Thomson Hankey, Esq., M.P. James Morris, Esq.
John_ Harvey, Esq. Henry Norman, Esq.
John G. Hubbard, Esq. Henry R. Reynolds, Esq.
George Johnstone, Esq. John Thornton, Esq.
John Labouchere, Esq. James Tulloch, Esq.
John Loch, Esq. Henry Vigne, Esq.
ALM ITORS.
Lewis-W. Roberts, Esq. Henry Sykes Thornton, Esq.
L Lloyd, jun., Esq. I John Henry Smith, Esq.
George Keys, Esq., Secretary.

" Art. 10. No Turk to take awsy with him \Vans.
chitin servants of either sex. No Turkish mosque ever
th be built in Wallachia.
" Art. 11. The Sublime Porte pledges itself never to
siiintuon a Wallachian subject to Constantinople, or to
any part of the Turkish dominions."
The third document is a treaty concluded in
1.D13, between Sultan Selim and Bogdan, reigning
Prince of Moldavia
"1. The Sultan acknowledges that Moldavia °f its own
frlee will promised obedience to the Ottoman Empire.
"2. The Moldavian nation to enj 'y all its privileges,
aed the Porte promises never, in any way, to curtail
them.
" e. The Princes to govern the country, and the Porte
not to madder either directly or indirectly. _

Samuel Brown, Esq., Actuary.
LIFE DEP kftTlKENT.—Under the provisions of an Act of Par-
tili" ent, this Company now offers to future insurers Four-fifths of
_el'rofits, with Quinquennial Division, or a Low Rate of Premium
without participation of Profits.
The next division of Profits will be declared in June, 1860, when
c,
participating Policies which shall have subsisted at least one year
41' Christmas, 1859, will he allowed to share in the Profits.
_ At the five divisions of Profits male by this Company. the total
Rversionary Bonuses added to the Policies have exceeded 911.000 .
At Christmas, 1854, the Assurances in force amounted to upwards_
4,240,0001. ; the Income from the Life Branch in 1854 was more
than 200,000/. ; and the Life Assurance Fund (independent of the
uuarantee Capital) exceeded 1,700,0001.
SOREION RISKS.—The Extra Premiums required for the East
11111 West Indies. the nnorthern ritish Colonies, and the parts of the
n.ted states of America, have been materially reduced.
214VALTD LIVES.--Persons who are not in such sound health as
;;Iwld enable them to insure their Lives at the Tabular Premiums,
az,hays their Lives insured at Extra Premiums.
viA.,7ANS granted on Life Policies to the extent of their values, pro-
at...7' such Policies shall have been effected a sufficient time to have
Tared in each case a value not under 501.
ASSIGNMENTS OF' POLICIES.—Written Notices of, received
~
regtstered.
ItZDICAL FEES paid by the Company, and no charge will be
farads for ,olicy Stamps.
Notice is hereby given, that Fire Policies which expire at Lady-
r3' must be. renewed within fifteen days at this or with Sir.
Lady-
-8 No. 1, St. James's-street, corner of Pall-mall ; or with the
tnPanY's agents throughout the kingdom, otherwise they become

4. The Porte not to interere in any private differ-
eocfs.
!" 5. The boundaries of Moidaviatorernain unchanged.
6. The Mahoniedan re;igion prohibited in Moldavia.,
:" 7. No 11.1a.homedan to possess real property in M.

" S. Trade with Moldavia to be open to all nations,
but the Turks to have the preference if they should wish
to purchase the produce of the country. The Turks
must, however, trade at Galatz, Ismail, and Kilia, ast
they will not be allowed to penetrate further into the
country without the express permission of the Prince.
" 9. Moldavia shall preserve the title of ' Independ-
ent,' and it shall be given ill alt letters addressed by the
Porte to the Prince.

Isses caused ty Explosion of Gas are admitted by this Company.

" 10. Turks bringing letters from the Porte to the
Prince to remain on the. right bank of the Danube, The
governor of Galatz to send across the river for them,

A.D. 1720.
ROYAL EXCHANGE ASSURANCE
CORPORATION,
(Established by Charter of his Majesty George the First),
nr otILA Ying. LlFiyAnd
• 'O7FIdERI,-... • ,
BRANCH OFFICE-29, PALL-MALL.
Octavlus Wig Tam, Esq., Governor.
George Pearkee Barclay, Esq., 'vernor.
Sir John William Lubbock, 8a.1.. Deputy-Governor.
DERECTORP.
henry Bainbridge, Esq. Charles John Manning, Esq.
.rnond S. P. Calvert Esq. Hon. John T. Leslie Melville.
"'`hn Garrett Cattley Esq. Henry Nelson, Esq.
Alexander Colvin, FN. Edward Howley Palmer,
V ward Maxwell Yaniel, Esq. Sir John Henry Pelly, Bart.
Davidson Esq. Alexander P. l'revost, Esq.
Alex
ander Drue,, Esq• Abraham George Roberts, Esq
Vversdale Win' Grenfell, Esq. Charles Robinson, Esq.
Lohert Amathas Heath, Esq. William Soltau, Esq.
Wilfiant Tetlm Hibbert, Esq. Thomas Tooke, Esq.
tiames Stewirt Hodgson, Esq. William Wallace, Esq.
Lancelot IDiland, Esq. Charles Baring Young, Esq.
MEDICAL REPERICE•—SamueI Solly, Esq., F.R.S.
..../Zotioe.—The usual fifteen days allowed for payment of Fire Pre-
"'flints fallivg due at Lady-day will expire on the 9th April.
rIRE ant LIFE ASSURANCES may be effected with this Cor-
t Oration cm advantageous terms.
111 the .11fe Department, assurances are granted with participation
m Profit, or, at lower Premiums, without such participation.
The allowing table shows the large BONUSES declared up to the
al st Itcember, 1855, on British Participating Policies of fourteen
/ears standing, for the sum of 1,0001. each.

o~+r~► ti pc Lo lbe-Prince.
oida vian Prince to be elected by the es-
Lion and recognised by the Porte without the least diffi.
colty._

" 12. The country to be protected by Turkey when
the• ..I,mel.,eternand ate. and aeseiejtamioe
" 13. ier et's .eafti. ad v n teip the etlEltiTe hire
annual present (ioeschBclo of 4,000 ducats oaths Porte';"
In 1666 the Pacha of Silistria have greatly an-
noyed the Wallachians, the Porto gave orders that
all the habitations constructed by Turks on the left
bank of the river should be destroyed, and the
Wallachians left in peace. The form employed by
the Porte in the Ilatti-Sheriffs addressed to Mol-
davia and Wallachia has invariably been, " A
country enjoying furl liberty and self-government."
In the year 1834 the following remarkable Hatti-
Sheriff was issued by the Sultan Matunoud :
" It having been found necessary to establish on a
more solid basis the internal administration of the two
countries, we have resolved that the Princes of Moldavia,
and Wallachia shall be chosen for life. They, conjointly
with their Divans, direct the internal Affairs of
their countries without the interference of any one, and
without any order being ssued to detract from their
rights. All the isles belonging to the left bank of the
D mube shall form an integ, al part of the two Principa-
lities, and the of the ricer, from its entrance
into the Ottoman States to its coeflaence with the Pruth,
shall form the boundary of the two countries. The
Porte promises net to maintain fortresses or any other
establishments on the left bank of the Danu:re. IN
Mahomedan can reside en the left Leek of the river,
and no merchants shall be permitted to cuter the cowl-
try excepting those who have a special permission and
come to purchase goods on their own account, or that
of the Ottoman Government. The two Principalities
having an independent internal administration can esta-
blish quarantines and sanitary cordons along the Danube
and wherever they may een,ider them necessary."
As compensation for the above-mentioned con-
cessions, Wallachia agreed to pay an annual tribute
of 4,000 and Moldavia 2,000 purses. As no part
of the foregoing can po,sibly apply to that portion
of Bessarabia which is now to be ceded to Molda-
via, there is no reason why any forts which may
be constructed on the left bank of the Pruth should
not be intrusted to the safe keeping of the Turks.
The Moldavians are such a degenerate and corrupt
race that they are pot to be trusted.

GIVING WAY OF A HOUSE FLOORING.—On Saturday,
Miss Davies, a rather elderly lady, a grocer residing in
Castle-street. Neath, was leaving the parlour of her
dwelling-house and was crossing the passage which con-
nects that room with the kitchen when the flooring gave
way, and she was precipitated into the cellar beneath.
Hearing her cries, her brother, living next door, hurried
to her assistance, but no sooner opened the kitchen inner
door, and stepped thence into the passage, than he also
fell into the cellar, through the chasm, which being just
behind the kitchen door he unfortunately did not per -
ceive. Attracted by the noise, a Mrs. Lindsay, who
lived close by, also went into the house, and, singular to
say, also fell through the flooring. The interference of
neighbours rescued them, subsequently, from their ex-
tremely unenviable position. Each of the Devises is
bruised very much, and Mrs. Lindfiay, in falling, broke
her leg—indeed, the shock she received was so great that
her recovery is not by any means certain—Swansea
Herold.

FATAL RAILWAY ACCIDENT. —A fatal accident occur-
red on the Swansea Vale Railway on Saturday last, by
which Thomas Williams, an engine-driver, lost his life.
The deceased and a stoker named Lewis were proceeding
up the line with a train of empty waggons, at about 10
miles an hour, When near the Pwilmawn station the axle
of the left side leading wheel of the engine suddenly
broke. The engine went off the line at a right angle, tak-
ing the tender with her, and went about 10 yards down
the bask ; the first waggon was upset. The deceased,
who was standing at the time on the right-hand side, en-
deavoured to jump off, but the stoker held on to the en-
gine, which stuck in the bank. Deceased was found lying
on the middle of the railway very much injured and insen-
sible, and very much cut about the head and middle of
the body ; his foot was cut off, and his whole body so
frightfully mutilated that it literally had to be collected in
fragments in order to be placed in the coffin. At the coro-
ner's inquest, after the above facts had been deposed to,
Wm. Lewis, engineer, deposed that he bad charge of
the engines on the Swansea Valley Railway. It was his
duty to see that they were kept in proper working condi-
tion. The engine in question was an old one, but had
been repaired in the months of December and. January
last. He had examined the engine since the accident,
and found that the leading axle had broken in the
part called the "journal" where the brasses went on.
This axle had been examined at the time mentioned, and
was conidered'safe. Mter the repairs the engine com-
menced running on the 29th of January last. Witness
considered that there must have been an extraordinary

strain of the wheels some time previous to the accident,
signs of a flaw or fracture being found. Verdict, ".acci•
dental death." The deceased was a well-condncted and
careful man, and has left a widow and eight "child"n'
who were entirely dependent on him for 1,11PP0rt.:77.,
Swanatalcraid•